Alcohol Link With A.i.d.s. Suggested (Press, 16 May 1988)

Researchers are increasingly exploring the potential link between alcohol consumption and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (A.LD.S.), as highlighted in the newsletter from the Alcoholic Liquor Advisory Council published on 16 May 1988. Mr Ian Mac Ewan from Alcohol Concern in London notes that while the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.) is a significant factor in A.LD.S., there are indications that other co-factors, including alcohol, could play a role in the onset and progression of the disease. Studies suggest alcohol might impact A.LD.S. in two significant ways. Firstly, it may enhance the likelihood of H.I.V. establishing itself in helper T-cells, which are crucial for fighting off infections. Secondly, alcohol consumption may exacerbate the symptoms and conditions related to A.LD.S. in individuals already infected with H.I.V., as it suppresses the immune system. The implications of alcohol use extend beyond direct effects on the virus; for instance, it can lower inhibitions leading to high-risk sexual behaviours, thereby increasing the likelihood of H.I.V. exposure. Mac Ewan asserts that alcohol can set the stage for bacterial infections and is associated with a decrease in white blood cell levels, which hampers the body’s response to infections. Heavy drinkers tend to have lower T-cell counts and their alcohol consumption can inhibit the formation of new T-cells, which are essential in combating H.I.V. Given these concerning associations, alcohol agencies in the United States are taking proactive measures by promoting awareness about at-risk groups and encouraging abstinence from alcohol within these populations. Mr Mac Ewan strongly advocates for the development of targeted prevention strategies for at-risk individuals as well as intervention measures for those who are H.I.V. positive or suffering from A.LD.S. However, Neil Thornton, co-ordinator of the Wellington Alcohol and Drug Centre, points out that the emerging information about the link between alcohol and A.LD.S. may overlook the role of other drugs. He emphasises that all drugs can suppress the immune system and lead to unsafe sexual practices. Consequently, he calls for a more comprehensive approach to A.LD.S. prevention that includes moderation in the use of all substances, not just alcohol. Lastly, Keith Evans, the executive director of the Alcoholic Liquor Advisory Council, has indicated that should the evidence supporting the alcohol-A.LD.S. connection continue to grow, the Council would consider ways to disseminate this information further.

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