Study Of Transsexuals background, Difficulties (Press, 3 June 1985)

In a recent report presented at a conference in Hobart on 3 June 1985, Dr Herbert Bower, founder of Australasia's first sex change medical team at Queen Victoria Hospital in Melbourne, challenged the traditional understanding of transsexualism. His research focused on 100 men who underwent sex reassignment surgery between May 1976 and September 1984 and highlighted the often isolated experiences of transsexual individuals. Dr Bower's study revealed that many of his patients had conflicted parental relationships, particularly noting that one third reported cold or absent fathers, while some described over-protective or neglectful mothers. Despite these findings, he concluded that the causes of transsexualism might be more biological rather than psychological. He expressed the need for further research into the relationship between childhood experiences and biological factors. His investigation showed that these patients began to question their gender around the age of nine and frequently engaged in cross-dressing. Many identified more with female peers, leading to difficulties in their education. A significant percentage reported being teased and bullied at school, with 76 per cent stopping their education before completing the Higher School Certificate. Some attempted to conform to male norms, finding it ultimately unfulfilling, while many later transitioned to a female identity. The study found that by age 25, most patients had begun taking female hormones and living permanently as women. Although some married in attempts to combat loneliness or conform to societal expectations, these unions largely resulted in unhappiness. Dr Bower noted a link between 23 of the patients and histories of depression related to their gender identity issues. While many lived with male companions, a notable number reported virtually no sexual expression in their lives. Career-wise, the patients had diverse occupations, with 58 per cent performing as strippers or female impersonators, which likely provided a means for them to embrace their identities and receive affirmation. Dr Bower stated that 99 of the patients expressed significant satisfaction with the outcomes of their surgeries, both anatomically and psychologically. Dr Bower’s findings are based on a broader sample of 428 patients who sought surgery, of which many were screened out for various reasons, including unsuitability for surgery or opting out during the waiting process. The medical team mandated a two-year waiting period during which patients were required to live as women and seek individual assessments from the specialists involved in their care. Overall, Dr Bower's research sheds light on the complexities surrounding transsexualism and the urgent need for a nuanced understanding of its origins and impacts.

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