Born-again Christians A Political Force (Press, 21 October 1980)

In the article from the Economist published on 21 October 1980, the debate surrounding the integration of religion and politics in the United States is explored. The discussion emphasizes that both fields are fundamentally concerned with human behaviour in this world before transitioning to the next, prompting the question of why they should be kept separate. Recent trends indicate a rising tension regarding the role of religion in American politics, particularly as those on the East Coast begin to acknowledge the deeply religious nature of the American population. A staggering 90% of Americans profess belief in God, with approximately 30% identifying as born-again Christians, including major presidential candidates. The current wave of religious activism is largely characterised by Southern Baptists, Mormons, and fundamentalist groups, as opposed to traditional denominations like Methodists and Catholics. A significant proportion of this religious fervour is fuelled by televised evangelical programmes, such as the "Old-Time Gospel Hour" hosted by Rev. Jerry Falwell, which reaches around 20 million viewers weekly. This scenario has led to a newfound recognition that these fundamentalists represent a formidable political force, countering initial dismissals of their beliefs as merely eccentric or harmless. Moral Majority, Inc., founded by Falwell, operates with a substantial budget and membership, actively working to promote its political agenda and oust undesirable politicians. The movement has successfully unseated certain politicians and influenced the Republican Party’s platform—shifting it away from commitments to women's equal rights and towards an anti-abortion stance, which resonates with a significant segment of the electorate. Furthermore, the burgeoning collaboration between evangelical organisations and political causes reflects a broader ideological shift. While previous clergy focused on left-wing issues, the current wave champions right-wing causes, highlighting a stark transformation in the role of religious leaders in political discourse. President Carter, a Democrat, is noted for his openness about incorporating his faith into his politics, contrasting with the traditionally Democratic support among many fundamentalists. The article posits that the objection to the new Christian Right stems not from their religious views but from the certainty and assertiveness with which their political beliefs are held. Critics of the integration of religion into politics often invoke the First Amendment's separation of church and state, originally designed to protect against the imposition of a particular religious faith. However, the article argues that this view is paradoxical, as it curtails the political expression of religious groups. In conclusion, the dialogue about religion's role in American politics is evolving and becoming increasingly relevant, with evangelical leaders gaining traction in shaping political narratives and policies. As the 1980 election approaches, the challenge remains for both sides to engage in this debate on its own terms rather than relying solely on historical precedents regarding the relationship between religion and politics.

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