Portuguese Elections (Press, 26 April 1976)

On 25 April 1976, the Portuguese people participated in their first freely chosen Legislative Assembly election in 50 years, marking a significant step toward civilian governance following two years of military-led revolution. This revolution resulted in Portugal's withdrawal from its African colonial empire and the nationalisation of 60 percent of its industry. In a televised address, President Gomes urged voters to attend the polls in large numbers, arguing that high turnout would demonstrate Portugal's commitment to democracy and counter any scepticism surrounding the transition. Despite extensive security measures, the election campaign experienced sporadic outbreaks of violence, resulting in three fatalities and approximately 60 injuries. However, early reports indicated a calm atmosphere across main towns and cities, with Lisbon's centre bustling with celebratory crowds and honking vehicles. The election coincided with the second anniversary of the military coup that terminated nearly 50 years of right-wing dictatorship. Around 6.5 million eligible voters were tasked with selecting members for a 263-seat Legislative Assembly, which is set to convene after the election of a new President at the end of June. A total of 14 political parties, ranging from Monarchists to extreme Left factions, presented candidates. However, only four parties were expected to make a notable impact: the Socialists, expected to win the most seats; the Centrist Popular Democrats; the Conservative Centre Democrats; and the Communists, projected to secure about one-eighth of the votes. The Socialists stated their intention to avoid coalition agreements with other major parties, which could lead to a deadlocked Assembly for the upcoming President to navigate. The President will hold the responsibility of appointing the Prime Minister. The elections unfolded amid an escalating economic crisis marked by high inflation and unemployment, aggravated by an influx of half a million refugees from Portugal's former colonies. Additionally, a new Constitution came into force on the same day, which marked a reduction in the military's powers, transitioning them to a role as constitutional overseers for a transitional four-year period.

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