One in three men in an Auckland survey who say they're "definitely" HIV-negative have actually had unprotected anal intercourse since their last test. These findings, which have disturbed the New Zealand AIDS Foundation, were taken from the 2004 Gay Auckland Periodic Sex Survey (GAPSS), and formed part of a presentation made at the 7th International AIDS Impact Conference in South Africa by NZAF senior researcher Peter Saxton. "This has important implications for the health of gay men and for HIV prevention," he says. "First, it means that such men are not acknowledging risks to their own health despite the obvious potential for HIV exposure. Second, it suggests that if another sexual partner asks about their HIV status, these men are likely to state that they're negative, no question about it, when in fact there is a big question about it." Saxton says men who have sex with men have two choices; to awkwardly interrogate their sexual partners to find out more about their history and trust that partner to tell the truth about it, or use a condom. "It's clear which is the most effective strategy," he says.