irn,publication_day,publication_month,publication_year,title,summary_computer_generated,tags,url,media_source,media_url,publisher,license,license_url,timestamp
6545,09,01,1872,"The Opera. (Press, 9 January 1872)","On 9 January 1872, the performance of Giovanni Pacini's opera ""Saffo"" at the Teatro San Carlos in Naples was discussed in a review. The opera, first performed in 1840, revolves around the tragic tale of the famous poetess Sappho, whose intense love for Phaon leads to a poignant narrative. Despite its relatively low profile in contemporary lyric repertoire, ""Saffo"" remains a staple in Italian operatic venues. The review highlights the opera’s rich musical composition, describing how Pacini has successfully captured the spirit of Sappho's passionate and emotional story through his music. The review commends various musical elements, including the prelude ""Divini Carmi"" and the striking duet in the second act between Sappho and Climene, which features the line ""Di quai soavi lagrime."" This duet was particularly praised for its beautiful execution by the lead singers, Signora Zenoni and Signora Polli, whose vocal blend of soprano and contralto created a captivating experience. Signora Zenoni's portrayal of Sappho received special acclaim, especially for her entrance as the ""queen of song"" and her performance in the duet with Phaon, ""Quando il mio cal de genio."" Additionally, her emotional delivery in the finale scene ""Ai mortaie o crudo ai numa"" drew significant applause from the audience. The review also notes her powerful performance in the final act, where Sappho, in a moment of emotional turmoil, sings the nuptial hymn for Phaon and Clymene, resulting in another ovation. Signora Polli's contribution as Clymene was equally noteworthy, with commendations for her dramatic interpretations and her singing of the cavatina ""Ah non lvi., mi fa rapita."" She also received cheers from the audience at the opera's conclusion, highlighting her impressive stage presence. Supporting roles were also praised, particularly Signor Filippo Coliva as Alcandro, Sappho's father, who demonstrated significant vocal prowess and emotional depth in his scenes. Signor Rosnati, portraying Phaon, was noted for his passionate delivery, especially in the aria ""Ah giusta pena in colse,"" where he laments Sappho's tragic fate. The review further acknowledges the contributions of various musicians, admiring the clarinet solo by Mr Howard and the double bass performance by an unnamed accomplished player. The staging, designed by Mr Massey and Mr Varley, received compliments as well, specifically for the depiction of an amphitheatre and significant scenic elements relating to the opera's setting in ancient Greece. Despite the commendable aspects of the performance and the talent displayed, the review reflects disappointment regarding the attendance, indicating that the audience did not fully appreciate the quality of the show.",Sappho,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18720109_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18720109.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-3091951800
7612,03,10,1874,"Supreme Court. (Press, 3 October 1874)","On 3 October 1874, it was announced that the quarterly circuit sitting of the Supreme Court in its criminal jurisdiction would commence on Monday, 5 October, at 11 am, presided over by His Honor Mr Justice Gresson. The court's calendar included a variety of criminal cases set for hearing. Notable cases included Regina v Thos. Thompson, which involved charges of forgery and uttering, and Regina v Wm. Harvey, who faced two separate charges of the same nature. Several individuals were charged with larceny, including Regina v Fredk. Peiper and George Doig, Regina v Samuel Geddings and Robert Morgan, and Regina v Robert Adams. Furthermore, Regina v James McGill involved charges of obtaining money under false pretences, coupled with previous convictions. There were also cases without names filed under similar charges, referred to as Mark's and Mitchinson's cases, indicating ongoing issues of deceit and fraud. In more serious allegations, Regina v Thomas Madden and Regina v George Hendley were charged with indecent assault. Additionally, George Hendley and Charles Weed faced charges related to an attempt to commit sodomy. The court was prepared to hear multiple serious cases, such as Regina v Chas. Crawford, which included three cases of shooting with intent to do grievous bodily harm. For these serious matters, special juries would be convened for trial. Overall, the upcoming session highlighted a range of criminal offences, reflecting the concerns and legal proceedings of the time in 1874 New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18741003_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18741003.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-3005724600
7613,05,10,1874,"Criminal Sittings (Press, 5 October 1874)","On 5 October 1874, the quarterly circuit sitting of the Supreme Court in its criminal jurisdiction commenced at 11 am under the presiding of Mr Justice Gresson. A packed calendar of criminal cases was scheduled for this session, highlighting a range of serious offences. The day started with the case of Regina v Thomas Thompson, who faced charges of forgery and uttering. Following that, William Harvey was brought before the court for two separate cases of forgery and uttering. Additionally, multiple individuals were charged with larceny: Frederick Peiper and George Doig, Samuel Geddings and Robert Morgan, and Robert Adams each faced counts of stealing. There were also cases involving James McGill, who was accused of obtaining money under false pretences and had a previous conviction. McGill's cases included several counts under false pretences linked to Mark, Mitchinson, and Percy. The court would also address the case of Regina v Timmins, involving an attempt to commit bestiality. Other important cases on the docket included those for indecent assault, with George Hendley facing two separate charges and also facing collaboration with Charles Ryd on an attempt to commit sodomy. Lastly, the attention would be drawn to the charges against Charles Crawford, accused of shooting with intent to cause grievous bodily harm in three separate incidents. Given the gravity of these charges, special juries would be convened to ensure just proceedings for the accused. This sitting of the Supreme Court signified the ongoing efforts to uphold law and order within the community, addressing a variety of significant criminal activities that were being prosecuted. The outcomes of these cases would have implications for justice and public safety during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18741005_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18741005.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-3005551800
7614,08,10,1874,"News Of The Day. (Press, 8 October 1874)","On 8 October 1874, various meetings and events were scheduled in Lyttelton and its surrounding areas. The Lyttelton Colonists' Society held its annual meeting at 7:00 PM. Meanwhile, the Union Rowing Club and the Master Bakers convened special meetings later that evening at Warner's Hotel and the Crown Hotel, respectively, both at 7:30 PM. The Good Templar Hall Company (Limited) planned a special shareholders' meeting for 14 October at the Temperance Hall on Gloucester Street, while a college literary evening featuring R. B. Sheridan's comedy ""The Rivals"" was set for 15 October. An entertainment event organised to support the Papanui Cricket Club was also scheduled for the same evening in the old schoolroom at Papanui, with free coaches provided for attendees. The Philosophical Institute's secretary reminded members to secure tickets for a dinner being hosted for several military officers, taking place at the Government Buildings at 7:00 PM that day. In court proceedings, cases involving indecent assault and bestiality were focused on, with varied verdicts resulting. The Supreme Court planned to resume its session the following day. The Loyal Orange Lodge No. 3 held its usual monthly meeting where newly-elected officers were installed, and members enjoyed refreshments and toasts together. The Court Star of Canterbury, a community organisation, reported significant attendance at its quarterly financial night, raising over £125 and supporting a scholarship initiative. At the Christchurch Excelsior Lodge meeting, multiple performances were showcased after new members were initiated. The Oddfellows held a special meeting aimed at revising district rules, resulting in new regulations being adopted. A notable presentation ceremony took place for Past Master Bro Christie at the Loyal Orange Lodge, recognising his contributions over the past year with a decorative silver five-point star. The Rangiora Literacy Institute discussed various topics, including rental charges and potential lectures, and the Rangiora Cricket Club highlighted plans for the upcoming season, including fundraising efforts through a concert scheduled for November. The Lyttelton Regatta Committee convened to discuss prize allocations for various races at the upcoming regatta, with proposals for significant monetary prizes and challenge cups. Meanwhile, a group of sailors on the open boat Ariel faced peril due to unexpectedly severe weather while returning from a bar crossing. After efforts were made to rescue them, it was later confirmed they returned safely. Additionally, the Horticultural and Arboricultural Society held a productive meeting discussing the acclimatisation of various tree species and the introduction of awards for members based on performance metrics. The society's membership continued to grow, and plans for future shows and competitions were underway, demonstrating an active interest in promoting horticultural endeavours within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18741008_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18741008.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-3005292600
7615,13,10,1874,"News Of The Day. (Press, 13 October 1874)","On 13 October 1874, the Victoria Government announced the revocation of a prior proclamation that had placed vessels arriving from Lyttelton under quarantine regulations, a decision now published in the Gazette. Communication with the West Coast and stations north of Cheviot was interrupted the previous night due to unspecified issues. Sir James Fergusson, the Governor, was expected to arrive in Christchurch that day from Dunedin, continuing his journey to Wellington on the s.s. Taranaki the following day. Additionally, the City Council planned alterations to Victoria Bridge, which would impact the current facilities for watering horses. The annual meetings for school committees and auditors were held the previous evening across various districts, with details of the discussions and reports to be shared elsewhere in the publication. A concert to benefit the German church's bell fund was scheduled for Thursday, 15 October 1874, instead of the previously stated date of 25 October. In entertainment news, the Avonside Dramatic Club was set to present music and a comedy performance that evening in the schoolroom at Merivale. A public meeting was also convened for Thursday at the Kaiapoi Institute to address issues related to the Waimakariri River's overflow. A lecture titled ""The Present Religious Movement in England"" by Mr J. H. Twentyman was planned for the Riccarton schoolroom the following evening. This lecture had been postponed due to Mr Twentyman's illness. In legal matters, the criminal session of the Supreme Court concluded, with two defendants acquitted in the case of Regina v Frederick Peiper and George Doig. However, in the cases of Regina v George Hendley and Regina v Charles Weed, both charged with sodomy, the individuals were sentenced to two years' imprisonment with hard labour. The Lower Heathcote Library committee held a meeting, during which they discussed the library's financial status, including new subscriptions amounting to £125 6s 6d. They decided to apply for government assistance and announced plans for a general meeting of library subscribers. The report highlighted Mr J. Greaves's arrival from the Natal Queen with two thoroughbred horses in excellent condition, of notable lineage. The Board of Conservators met to discuss the state of the Waimakariri defences post-flood and plans for ongoing monitoring of their works. They also received a letter regarding land flooding from the river. Lastly, an inquest at the Royal Hotel in Southbridge was held regarding the drowning of 16-year-old Frederick William Fagan in the Rakaia River. Evidence showed that while searching for firewood, the horse he was riding fell, and he was thrown into the river, leading to his tragic drowning. The coroner's jury returned a verdict of ""Accidentally Drowned"" and addressed the conduct of a juror who had missed previous sessions, warning of legal penalties for disrespectful absenteeism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18741013_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18741013.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-3004860600
7616,13,10,1874,"Supreme Court. (Press, 13 October 1874)","On 12 October 1874, criminal proceedings resumed in the Supreme Court before Mr Justice Greson. The main case involved Frederick Peiper and George Doig, who were indicted for stealing thirty-seven boxes of soap that were held under the custody of Richard Walton, the provisional trustee in bankruptcy for Hugh Andrews’ estate. Both defendants pleaded ""Not Guilty,"" with lawyer Mr Joynt defending Peiper and Mr Duncan representing the Crown. The case's background revealed that Hugh Andrews, previously a soap and candle manufacturer, had declared insolvency on 4 August 1874, leading to his adjudication as bankrupt. Walton, as the trustee, appointed bailiff Charles John Dunnage to oversee the assets, including 121 boxes of soap, which went missing around 15 August. Upon notification to the police, Chief-Detective Feast investigated the premises and suspected theft. Detective Feast subsequently searched Peiper's property but found no stolen goods. However, acting on further information, he searched Thomas Wilson's tannery in Heathcote, discovering thirty-six boxes of soap matching the stolen items' description. Peiper was arrested, while Doig was apprehended later on the charge of being an accessory to the crime. Doig initially claimed to have seen the stolen soap at Peiper's stable and then testified that Peiper instructed him to retrieve the soap using a dray, which he did, along with a carter named Jeffreys. During the trial, Mr Duncan provided evidence, including the declaration of insolvency and corroborating testimony from Chief-Detective Feast, other detectives, and witnesses involved in the case. One witness testified that Peiper had attempted to solicit him for advice on acquiring additional stolen soap discreetly. Another witness, Jeffrey, confirmed he delivered the soap to Wilson's tannery under Doig's direction. After presenting the evidence, Mr Joynt, representing Peiper, indicated he would not call any witnesses for the defence. The judge directed the jury to consider the lack of evidence against Doig, leading to his acquittal. Subsequently, the jury deliberated on Peiper's case and returned a verdict of ""Not Guilty,"" resulting in his discharge. In another matter, George Charles Weed, convicted of sodomy, was brought before the court to receive sentencing. Mr Justice Greson imposed a sentence of two years' imprisonment with hard labour on him. Following this, the court adjourned until the 14th instant for civil proceedings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18741013_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18741013.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-3004860600
7617,06,01,1875,"Supreme Court. (Press, 6 January 1875)","On January 5, 1875, under the supervision of Mr. Justice Gresson, criminal proceedings resumed in court. The first case addressed was that of George William Price, who was indicted for stealing a watch and chain from Thomas Clarence Barrett on October 23, 1874. Price pleaded ""Not Guilty,"" and Mr. Duncan acted as the prosecutor for the Crown while Dr. Foster represented the defence. A jury, led by foreman Mr. B. Button, heard the evidence. The prosecutor, Barrett, was reported to have been inebriated at the Golden Age Hotel on the evening of the incident and was advised by the landlord to go home. While leaving with Price, who offered to escort him, Barrett later returned to the hotel missing his watch and chain. Subsequently, on November 16, Price attempted to pawn the items at Cohen's pawn-office, leading to his arrest by Detective Feast, who confirmed that Price was seen with Barrett that night. Other witnesses, including the landlord, corroborated details of the night. However, evidence from Cohen indicated that he had seen Barrett with the watch a week before the theft, raising doubts about Price's guilt. Dr. Foster argued the case for the defence, highlighting inconsistencies in the witness statements. The jury ultimately found Price ""Guilty,"" but with a recommendation for mercy based on his previously good character. Justice Gresson acknowledged this and sentenced Price to three months of imprisonment with hard labour. Another case involved Alexander Clark, charged with committing sodomy in November 1874. He pleaded ""Not Guilty"" and went undefended. The jury returned a ""Guilty"" verdict, leading to a severe sentence of ten years' penal servitude, which was compounded by an additional three years for a previous conviction, totalling thirteen years. William Rich was also indicted, charged with fraudulently converting a mare, saddle, and bridle belonging to John Hills, for which he was the bailee. Rich, who was undefended and pleaded ""Not Guilty,"" was found to have sold the mare for £7. After deliberation, the jury convicted him, resulting in a sentence of two years' imprisonment with hard labour. The court proceedings concluded with adjournments set for further sessions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18750106_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18750106.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2997516600
7165,26,04,1886,"New Zealand. (Press, 26 April 1886)","On 24 April 1886, a fire at Mr Barry's property in Takapuna put the lives of its occupants at significant risk. Mr Barry reported that he was uninsured, while the property itself is believed to belong to the Roman Catholic Church and is vested in Bishop Redwood of Wellington, who is thought to have insurance coverage. Meanwhile, in Whangaparoa Passage, the man who fell overboard from the Bobs was identified as Samuel Keys, a resident of Auckland. In Wellington, it was reported that arrangements with a Syndicate to advance the East and West Coast Railway project have been finalised, with a contract expected to be signed shortly. The Premier had recently returned from Napier and was scheduled to travel to Nelson on the following Monday to represent in a civil case, Black v National Bank, concerning a claim for damages due to wrongful dismissal. Furthermore, the Chief Justice was noted to be recovering from health issues but would remain unable to perform his judicial duties for several weeks. In Dunedin, a fire incident was reported aboard the Invercargill at the Battray Street Wharf that morning, resulting in minor damage. Overall, the news highlights various incidents across New Zealand, including a potentially severe fire mishap, legal proceedings involving government officials, and ongoing developments in railway construction, showcasing both personal and infrastructural challenges faced by the community during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18860426_2_19_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18860426.2.19.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2640857400
7166,01,05,1886,"Magisterial. (Press, 1 May 1886)","On 1 May 1886, a court case involving Amy Bock, also known as Lydia, took place in Christchurch. She pleaded guilty to obtaining goods valued at £7 9s 10d from G. L. Beath and Co. under false pretences. On 15 April, Bock visited the shop, claiming credit based on a list of apparel she wanted. During the conversation, she mentioned Mr Whitefoord, leading the store to believe she had his endorsement for payment. After securing the goods, she left for Wellington, prompting the company to investigate, which resulted in her arrest. In her defence, her legal representative, Mr Joyce, presented character references from Mr Maxell, who had employed her as a governess for eight months. He attested to her respectable background, stating she was a certified teacher from Victoria, who had come to New Zealand for health reasons after overworking herself and experiencing a long illness. Maxell noted that her recent behaviour seemed erratic and that she had become obsessed with possessing a large fortune. The inspector indicated there might be other unpaid transactions attributed to her. Mr Joyce made a persuasive plea for leniency, arguing that Bock's actions were not criminally motivated but rather the result of her mental health issues. He suggested a light sentence of imprisonment until the court adjourned. However, the judges, acknowledging the seriousness of the case, decided against dismissal and instead sentenced Bock to one month of hard labour in prison. In other cases, George Henry Cook was sentenced to one month of hard labour for stealing earrings valued at 6s. Joseph and William Whitford, both young boys, were charged with stealing utensils, admitted to taking one, received a caution, and were discharged. Additionally, several civil claims were addressed, including a case related to damages caused by fire, where judgement was deferred, and others where claims were dismissed. Towards the end of the court session, a case involving Mr Agar and Mr Austin, both accused of offensive behaviour on a boat, was discussed. The incident involved a quarrel and use of inappropriate language. The magistrate dismissed most charges against them but imposed a sentence for obscenity, requiring imprisonment until the court rose, while warning them of harsher consequences for any future misconduct. Throughout the session, various other claims were settled, including one concerning nursing services, where compensation was granted to the plaintiff. Overall, the court addressed multiple criminal and civil issues, reflecting a busy day in the legal system of Christchurch in 1886.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18860501_2_30_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18860501.2.30.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2640425400
7238,06,04,1888,"A Christchurch Adventuress. (Press, 6 April 1888)","On 6 April 1888, at the City Police Court in Dunedin, Amy Maud Bock, a young woman of genteel appearance, was charged with obtaining goods under false pretences. The offence took place on 31 March 1888 in Kensington, where she acquired smelling salts, perfumery, violet powder, and other items valued at £1 9s 6d from Peter Dutton, a chemist, with the intent to defraud. Bock pleaded guilty to the charge. Evidence presented at the court revealed Bock's troubled history. In July 1887, she had been remanded to the Lookout Point Industrial School from Wellington for six months under the First Offenders' Probation Act. While in Wellington, she had previously engaged in deceitful activities, obtaining money and goods through similar fraudulent means. Despite her past, authorities failed to oppose her case being treated under the First Offenders Act since they were unaware of her previous convictions in Christchurch. Upon arrival at Port Chalmers, Bock had convinced a sergeant there of her unfortunate plight, leading him to take her into his home during her wait for the train to Dunedin. Bock quickly gained the trust of the sergeant's daughter, leading to a close bond. While at the industrial school, she expressed a desire to reach out to relatives, which resulted in a letter allegedly from an aunt in New South Wales, claiming she wanted to see Bock before going home and offering to send money for her travel. Sceptical of the letter, Mr Titchener, the school's manager, conducted a discreet inquiry into its authenticity, leading to a telegram sent to Christchurch to verify whether the named individuals actually existed. The response confirmed that neither a Mrs Merry nor any association with her existed. On the day Bock attempted to extort travel funds from Mr Titchener, he revealed the telegram that exposed her deception. Faced with the evidence, Bock initially denied any wrongdoing but eventually confessed to her past conviction in Christchurch, having been sentenced to one month for similarly obtaining goods through deception. She admitted to writing the letter supposedly from her aunt in the institution, claiming an accomplice had helped but refusing to reveal their identity. Dr Hislop, a visiting trustee, concluded that it would be unwise to keep Bock at the institution since her term of detention had expired. Following her discharge, Mr Titchener took an interest in her well-being, finding her lodgings and ensuring she was looked after. The case drew amusement in court, especially with Mr Titchener's witticisms regarding her ability to craft such deceptions. The bench decided to adjourn the hearing for seven days to allow for a medical examination of Bock's mental state, during which she acknowledged that her actions might be indicative of a mania. Titchener defended her by asserting that, while her behaviour might seem mad, there was indeed a method to her madness.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18880406_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18880406.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2579427000
7239,26,04,1888,"News Of The Day. (Press, 26 April 1888)","On 26 April 1888, the Weekly Frets discussed various local events and topics of interest, including the recent visit of the English football team to New Zealand. The paper provided a biographical description of the team members and assessed their strength compared to both the representative team of England and local New Zealand fifteens. Coverage of their practice games in Dunedin, along with estimates of their playing powers, was highlighted by the Dunedin correspondent. Additionally, local news included the complete updated rules for the Junior Cup. In political matters, four candidates: Geo. Rutherford, Hy. Davis, D. Craighead, and J. Fisher, were nominated for the Malvern Road Board elections scheduled for 1 May. Meanwhile, about 200 unemployed men signed a petition requesting assistance from the Premier of New Zealand, which was to be presented to Mr. W.B. Perceval, a Member of the House of Representatives. In Christchurch-related news, Mr. C.B. Anderson, a well-known local figure, was appointed as Secretary of the Christchurch Rifle Club. The Theatre Royal opened for a benefit performance for the Queen's Cadets, showcasing ""Black Eyed Susan,"" performed by notable local amateurs. The meeting of the North Canterbury involved appointing representatives to address objections raised about local governance. The Christchurch Horticultural Society prepared for their chrysanthemum and fruit show at the Art Gallery, which promised a splendid exhibition. A bazaar to aid St. Saviour's Church took place, seeing a modest attendance due to bad weather but featuring well-organised stalls. Many societies and clubs were active in engaging the community, including a band concert planned by the Sydenham Brass Band for 23 May, and various local societies holding meetings on temperance and youth activities. Also, the Christchurch Union Parliament met to discuss various socio-economic bills, indicating active community engagement with political and social issues. Finally, draconian laws around dog ownership in the United States drew attention, with local reports on koalas in New Zealand showcasing unique wildlife encounters in the country. Overall, the news reflected community engagement in sports, welfare, local politics, and social events across New Zealand at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18880426_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18880426.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2577699000
7240,18,04,1889,"News Of The Day. (Press, 18 April 1889)","On 18 April 1889, various reports and updates were published in the Press regarding events in New Zealand. The next day being Good Friday, there would be no issue of the newspaper. A cable message indicated that Lord Onslow had departed Sydney for Auckland, and Sir John and Lady Hall had arrived in Hobart, poised to travel to New Zealand. A significant feature in the Weekly Press was an account by Mr G. E. Mannering detailing his climbing experiences on the Great Tasman Glacier. Mannering's vivid descriptions highlighted New Zealand's mountain scenery, claiming it rivalled even Switzerland’s. His recent ascent of the Hochstetter Dome was notable as it was achieved in half the time taken by seasoned climber von Lendenfeld. Two of Mannering's climbing companions were local New Zealanders, contributing to the international acclaim for the country's alpine endeavors. In agricultural news from Malvern, farmers were facing slow progress in threshing due to poor weather, and there was increased demand for combines to protect grain from the elements. The Canterbury Trotting Association held a meeting with various clubs represented, where Mr Barlow was elected chairman for the year. The broader cultural landscape saw a large turnout at an art exhibition featuring a Spanish theatre performance, showcasing musical talent that impressed attendees. The community also prepared for an auction sale of Mr W. U. Slack's estate, drawing significant participation and competitive bidding. Furthermore, a cricket match played in historical costumes was anticipated to draw crowds, with local veterans participating. In legal news, a young woman was arrested for allegedly obtaining goods through false pretences. The church prepared for Good Friday services, and a significant tea meeting was planned at the Bible Christian Church. A special meeting of the Lyttelton Harbor Board confirmed reductions in wharf prices, amounting to a total saving of over £7,000 for the year, beginning in May. Concurrently, there were discussions around a cricket match involving the Lyttelton Oddfellows Club, which was set for Good Friday. The Amateur Opera Company was gearing up for a performance of ""Iolanthe,"" while the Kaiapoi Borough Council reviewed financial matters and drainage work progress. The publication of a new magazine titled ""Zealandia"" was announced, promising to feature original New Zealand literature and contributions from notable local authors. Overall, the reports indicated a blend of cultural, agricultural, and civic activities across New Zealand, showcasing community engagement in various forms as the country continued to develop its national identity and economy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18890418_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18890418.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2546854200
7241,20,04,1889,"A Well-known Swindler. (Press, 20 April 1889)","On 20 April 1889, Amy Bock, who also used the aliases Laing and A. Brunell, appeared at the Christchurch Police Court charged with obtaining goods valued at £4 1s 2d from a merchant named C. J. Luxton under false pretences, as well as unlawfully receiving £1 from Jonathan Checkley through deception on 17 April. Represented by Mr D. Landy Williams, Bock pleaded guilty to the charges. Inspector Pender presented a background on Bock’s history of criminal activity which included a prior conviction in Christchurch for a similar offence. Following her past dealings, she had moved to Wellington, where she again encountered legal trouble. Although the magistrates seemed uncertain about Bock's mental state, they chose not to send her to prison, instead committing her to the Industrial School at Caversham. There, she continued to engage in deceptive behaviour, acquiring various goods which she often distributed to acquaintances. Before her arrest, Bock had been working as a governess for Mrs Brooks at a property near Akaroa. The circumstances surrounding her receipt of goods from Luxton remained unclear. On the day of her arrest, Bock arrived by train from Little River and was observed by Detective O'Connor and Constable Walker. She was seen entering Mr Checkley's shop, claiming that Mrs Brooks, a familiar figure to Checkley, was at the railway station and needed 16s change as she lacked sufficient funds for her return journey. Upon granting her request, Checkley provided Bock with £1, unaware of her fraudulent intentions. Shortly after, as she was preparing to leave for Lyttelton, Bock was apprehended. During court proceedings, Inspector Pender expressed his belief that Bock might not be fully accountable for her actions due to possible mental health issues. He recommended that she be remanded for a week to undergo a medical examination concerning her sanity. The court ultimately decided to accept this recommendation, with a specific instruction for Mr Donaldson to ensure that Bock remained separate from other prisoners during her detention in Addington gaol. This decision aimed to address concerns about her propensity for deception and unlawful acquisition of goods. The case sheds light on the complexities surrounding Bock’s mental health and the judicial system's approach to dealing with individuals exhibiting erratic behaviour alongside criminal activity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18890420_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18890420.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2546681400
7242,26,04,1889,"News Of The Day. (Press, 26 April 1889)","On 26 April 1889, notable events occurred in various sectors including legal matters, cultural activities, and community engagements. Mr Justice Denniston was scheduled to sit in Chambers that morning. In the realm of Imperial Federation, Mr G. R. Parkin from Canada spoke to a large gathering at the Oddfellows' Hall the previous night, with a report of his presentation expected to follow. Mr Maxwell, a Commissioner of Railways, arrived in Lyttelton earlier that morning and met with two delegations concerning proposed changes to express train services, which the commercial community believed would be advantageous. Additionally, Captain R. A. Edwin forecasted a north to west gale with rain forthcoming. The Central Draughts Club held its first annual meeting where Mr D. Reese was re-elected as President and Mr I. Woolf as Hon. Secretary and Treasurer. The Amateur Opera Company presented ""Iolanthe"" at the Theatre Royal to a commendable audience, and the performance was well received, set to be repeated that evening. Other updates included an inspection of the Canterbury Mounted Rifles, with thirty-three members participating. A ballot was held for the position of corporal, resulting in Trooper Green’s election. The Masonic Union's Sub-Committee made progress on distributing a circular to all members in the district. In Southbrook, a cottage owned by Mr Blake caught fire, likely due to a clogged chimney. The local fire brigade responded promptly, limiting damage to the structure. The Acclimatisation Society decided to hold a conference in May regarding future shooting seasons and other conservation matters. The Young Men's Christian Association is attempting to retain Mr Smeaton as General Secretary through a public meeting scheduled for the following Monday, highlighting his significant contributions over the past three years. A serious accident was reported in Waimate involving a young girl who sustained a broken leg after being kicked by a cow while playing in the street. Meanwhile, Amy Bock was sentenced to six months in prison for fraud, with plans to send her to an uncle in Australia after her release. Road Board elections drew nominations from various districts, presenting a competitive electoral landscape. Messrs Matson and Co. were set to auction several properties, including valuable city land, while they also prepared for a large grain and produce sale. In the arts, the Oxford Dramatic Company performed ""East Lynne,"" receiving acclaim for its cast and scenery, with plans to support those in need within the district using profits from future performances. An art exhibition drew good attendance, and the Palace Rink opened for skating, continuing to attract participants. Preparation for a chess match between Canterbury and another side was underlined, indicating a robust engagement in recreational activities. Lastly, an annual parade for the Christchurch Volunteers was scheduled, showcasing the organisation's continued commitment to community service and ceremonial activities. The article concluded with acknowledgments for donations received to assist community efforts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18890426_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18890426.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2546163000
7243,24,05,1890,"New Zealand. (Press, 24 May 1890)","On 24 May 1890, significant events unfolded across various regions in New Zealand, reflecting diverse societal concerns and local developments. In Auckland, the Auckland Railway Reform League decided to host a public meeting to discuss railway administration matters. A discharged patient, who had been admitted to Avondale Asylum in 1884, expressed grievances about his treatment, highlighting that after the sale of his farm for £331, he was left with only £7s to his name after incurring £1 weekly charges while in the asylum. He felt he had been treated harshly during his confinement. Bishop Cowie was reported to be recovering from a severe illness. In political affairs, T. Thompson, Member of the House of Representatives for Auckland North, spoke to his constituents about pressing issues, vehemently opposing property tax, which he predicted would be a contentious topic in upcoming elections. Thompson called for substantial retrenchment in public service spending and proposed that any potential revenue deficits could be managed through this approach and by implementing a land tax. As preparations were underway for the Wellington session with the impending departure of Sir F. Whitaker, Bro. R. McCullough was appointed as Deputy Grand Master of the Provincial Grand Masonic Lodge, and Bro. W. Anderson as Substitute Grand Master. Additionally, anticipation built around the debut of Mr Christie Murray's new play, scheduled for performance in Auckland the following week. In Gisborne, a farewell gathering for Mr. Kenny, the newly appointed Resident Magistrate at Westport, took place amongst leading citizens and members of the legal profession. An inquest into a fire at A. J. Cooper's shop revealed that a gas pipe had been deliberately cut, leading to a verdict of ""Incendiarism by some person unknown."" Meanwhile, the steamer Tuna, operated by Nelson Bros., was found rapidly filling with water after striking an object, complicating efforts to manage the vessel's integrity. A significant legal ruling was made by the Waiparo Commission Judges, who reinforced the original judgment from 1885 declaring that Tula Nanomiatu's party had no claim to the 30,000-acre Waiparo block of land after a rehearing of the case. In Dunedin, Amy Bock, also known by several aliases related to her past as a kleptomaniac, was remanded for trial after admitting to fraudulently obtaining £822 from a money lender. The Mayor contributed a second donation of £5 to the Art Gallery fund, alongside a £20 donation from Mr. John Bidey, enabling the committee to acquire ""A November Pastoral"" by McKay. Lastly, in Invercargill, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals decided to cease operations, transferring those responsibilities to local police. Observations of unusual fish, suspected to be salmon, were noted in the Aparima River near Fairfax, marking an intriguing development for local fisheries. The Shire Company's Maori King reported the export of 4,000 to 6,000 sacks of oats to the British market from Bluff, indicating the region’s agricultural activities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18900524_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18900524.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2512207800
6546,28,06,1890,"""lifer"" Dale At The Guest-dinner. (Press, 28 June 1890)","On 28 June 1890, a detailed narrative recounts the arrival of the Onety-Oneth Regiment of Infantry to Hobart Town in 1840 as they march into Barrack Square, filled with festivity and social gaiety. The officers, quickly becoming the focus of local attention, indulge in numerous social events as they await their deployment to various detachments in Port Dalrymple, Oatlands, and Port Arthur. As the regiment prepares to move, a notable dinner is organised, showcasing the officers' culinary skills and the quality of the regimental plate. The presence of high-profile guests, including the Governor and local dignitaries, further elevates the occasion. On the eve of this grand dinner, emotions run high, as young officers and soldiers relish the last moments of merriment before the impending separation and challenges of duty ahead. Amidst this setting, a poignant subplot emerges involving Convict Dale, also known as Captain Egerton, who had been sentenced to life for the murder of a man named Mr Vincent—an accusation he vehemently denies. The narrative unfolds with Dale's silent anguish as he reflects on his past life and the drastic shift into convict status—an emotional turmoil heightened by the presence of his former comrades and the memories they evoke. As the dinner progresses, Dale, while on an errand under a pass that allows him out after hours, inadvertently identifies himself to Sergeant Greaves, once his body servant, sparking a wave of emotional recognition. Greaves is shocked to discover the frequency with which they, once on opposite sides of the social hierarchy, now encounter each other under vastly different circumstances. Engulfed in a moment of courage, Dale decides to confront his past and the injustices surrounding his conviction. He boldly enters the mess room, interjecting into the lively dinner with an announcement that stuns all present, including his former associates. He proclaims his identity and accuses Lieutenant Caramore of being the actual murderer, revealing that he possessed a ring with the initials of the victim at the time of the crime. The atmosphere of the dinner transforms dramatically; stunned silence fills the room. Dale's public declaration culminates in Caramore's sudden death from shock, intensifying the gravity of the revelation. The Colonel commands respect for Dale, seeking to clear his name while also acknowledging the horrific crime of which he was unjustly accused. As the situation unfolds, discussions explore themes of justice, honour, and the rigid structures of society, illustrating an intricate tapestry of personal and military dynamics. Ultimately, the narrative weaves a compelling tale of redemption and the unfathomable burdens carried by those shaped by their past, challenging notions of innocence and guilt against a backdrop of societal expectations and moral dilemmas. The complexity of identities and relationships is a central motif, providing a vivid reflection on the human experience amidst the rigours of military life and the harsh realities faced by convicts in 19th century Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18900628_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18900628.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2509183800
7244,18,10,1892,"New Zealand. (Press, 18 October 1892)","On 17 October 1892, significant events unfolded across various regions in New Zealand. In Auckland, Detective Kirby was set to travel to Napier, while Detective Grace arrived in Auckland. The Orangemen were planning to present a welcome address to Lord Glasgow. Tragically, the body presumed to be Albert Tucker was discovered at Ngunguru, and a second body identified as A. Gallic was found near Wangarei Heads. This brings the total of bodies recovered from the yacht Minerva disaster to six. H.M.S. Ringarooma concluded a cruise in the Hauraki Gulf, during which members of the Auckland Naval Artillery and Parnell Navals participated in extensive drills. The Charitable Aid Board held a meeting where it was reported that their assets totalled £9830, but with a deficiency of £2241 primarily due to unpaid contributions from local bodies and rising hospital costs. In Woodville, an extraordinary general meeting of the proprietors of the Woodville Examiner, E. A. Haggen and Co., led to the decision to enter voluntary liquidation. In Wellington, disruptions on the Gorge line were cleared, allowing traffic to resume. The Commissioners anticipated removing remaining obstructions by Wednesday night, which would permit regular train services to commence again on Thursday morning. An update from the New South Wales Rifle Association noted that several men from Auckland and Wellington, including Doughty, McCarthy, Webster, and others, were likely to form the New Zealand team for an upcoming Intercolonial match, with Major Strang volunteering to captain the team. The community mourned the loss of Mr David Lewis, a significant figure associated with the New Zealand Company, who passed away at the age of ninety after a long career, including serving as Land Commissioner. In Timaru, Amy Bock, a well-known swindler recently released from Dunedin Gaol after serving three years for forgery, was sentenced to an additional month's imprisonment for false pretences after deceiving a lady of £1. In Dunedin, Councillor Hardy announced his withdrawal from the mayoral contest. Meanwhile, in Invercargill, Mr T. A. Tabart, Chief Inspector of Stock, and Mr Archibald Park, Government Veterinary Surgeon from Tasmania, arrived via the Waihora to attend a stock conference in Wellington. Overall, the events of the day reflect a mix of political, social, and tragic developments across New Zealand, highlighting community issues, governance challenges, and individual stories of loss and resilience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp18921018_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP18921018.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2436348600
7245,13,03,1903,"New Zealand. (Press, 13 March 1903)","On 12 March 1903, notable developments were reported from Auckland and Wellington. In Auckland, the Trade and Labour Council addressed a resolution urging the Government to appoint a practical miner as an inspector for the northern goldfields. This move is likely intended to enhance oversight and safety regulations in the mining sector. Additionally, there were six applications submitted for the lease of Sunday Island, which boasts an area of approximately 900 acres. A ballot was scheduled to take place on the same day to determine the successful applicant. In a diplomatic announcement, Mr Dillingham, the American Consul, was informed that he will take on the role of Consul-General for New Zealand and its dependencies in the South Seas and Fiji. This new position is expected to establish him in Wellington as his base of operations. Meanwhile, in Wellington, legal proceedings in the Supreme Court resulted in significant sentences for several individuals. Joseph was sentenced to two years' imprisonment, while Frederick Cooper received a one-year sentence for their involvement in the breaking and entering of the Watea Hotel. In another case, Amy Bock was convicted of making false statements and was sentenced to two years' imprisonment. These court decisions reflect the ongoing enforcement of law and order within the region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19030313_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19030313.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2108287800
7246,23,04,1903,"Assault. (Press, 23 April 1903)","On 23 April 1903, a case involving a serious assault occurred in which a youth named Edmund Barnard was charged with violently attacking William James Edgar, a middle-aged man. The defendant was represented by Mr. Cravenwell, while Mr. Mailer appeared for the prosecution. Edgar testified that Barnard entered his paddock and struck him multiple times with a broom, causing severe bruising and breaking three of his ribs. He maintained that he had not provoked Barnard in any way. Edgar’s witnesses corroborated his account, confirming that the assault was unprovoked. Dr. Downs examined Edgar and confirmed the injuries, which included two broken ribs and other injuries that caused significant pain. He stated that Edgar would likely be unfit for work for at least six weeks following the incident. In Barnard's defence, it was claimed that he had entered Edgar's paddock to separate a fight between their respective dogs and that Edgar had ordered him to leave. Barnard contended that he struck Edgar in self-defence after being attacked first with a broom. This was supported by evidence from defence witnesses. The Bench ultimately decided to impose a fine of £3 and costs on Barnard, with half of the fine going to the informant, Edgar. In other judicial matters that day, four first-time offenders charged with drunkenness were fined 5 shillings each, while Andrew Silvester White, requiring medical treatment, was remanded for seven days. William Pearson, who had a history of drunkenness, was fined £40 and costs. Several by-law breaches were also addressed. Individuals including S. Harvey, P. Chillman, C. Watson, W. Everett, L. Simpson, J. Gregory, and O. Moller received fines of 10 shillings each for riding bicycles on footpaths. J. Sadler, who had provided incorrect details, was fined 20 shillings. A charge against P. Auguarde was dismissed. Alfred Burns and Stanley Lanchbury were fined 10 shillings each for riding bicycles after sunset without lights. Charles Wilson, W. Hiller, and J. Slattery were fined 5 shillings and costs for leaving vehicles unattended, while A. and C. Schow were fined 10 shillings and costs for a similar offence. W. F. Burns, G. Carson, and J. Duncan were fined 10 shillings and costs for allowing their horses to roam at large. Lastly, Annie Hunt was fined 20 shillings and costs for importuning, and Amy Bock, also known as Shannon, faced charges of bicycle theft and was remanded until 28 April.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19030423_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19030423.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2104745400
7618,26,01,1907,"Crime In Christchurch. (Press, 26 January 1907)","In the annual report released by the Christchurch Police Station for the year ending December 31, 1906, there was a notable decrease in the number of reported crimes compared to the previous year, with a reduction of 229 offences. The report detailed various categories of crimes and their corresponding figures for both 1905 and 1906. Notably, the total number of crimes recorded in 1906 was lower, reflecting a decline in several specific offences. For example, common assaults fell from 80 in 1905 to 69 in 1906, while assaults occasioning bodily harm decreased from 28 to 20. The report mentioned that assaults on police officers increased slightly from 6 to 7, while robbery, including assaults, also saw a minor increase. There were no reports of serious crimes such as murder or manslaughter in 1906. Other significant reductions were observed in offences related to indecent exposure, which dropped from 8 to 0, as well as thefts, which overall saw declines in various categories including burglary, which fell from 90 to 40 incidents. The report also highlighted some persistent issues, such as drunkenness, which remained relatively high at 168 reports, similar to 1905. Furthermore, there were 113 cases of individuals disobeying court orders in 1906, which was a slight increase from the previous year. The statistics for specific offences were as follows: abusive and threatening language declined marginally to 23 incidents; while there were 4 reports of indecent means and 1 case of damaging police uniform. Regarding family-related offences, desertion and failure to support spouses and children remained a concern, with 81 cases reported. Contrary to the overall trends, certain offences such as cruelty to animals and gambling offences did not significantly change year-on-year. The report provided a comprehensive summary of the state of crime within Christchurch, reflecting both improvements and persistent challenges for law enforcement in the area. Overall, the returns showcased a community experiencing a slight enhancement in safety and crime management from the previous year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19070126_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19070126.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1986031800
7247,27,04,1909,"A Woman Bridegroom (Press, 27 April 1909)","On 26 April 1909, a sensational story emerged from Dunedin regarding Amy Bock, a woman notorious for her cunning scams. Known by various aliases including Channel, Shannon, and Kevin, she was described as a small, agile woman in her forties, originally from Victoria, who had been active in New Zealand since 1884. Bock was well-known to law enforcement due to her history of elaborate swindles and her ability to escape detection. Her latest scheme began in January 1909 when she took a job as a domestic servant with the Roy family in Dunedin. While the family was away on holiday, Bock seized the opportunity to forge a receipt for the sale of their furniture, tricking a businessman from the Waikouaiti Valley into believing it was legitimate. She managed to obtain £30 in exchange for the receipt before disappearing, prompting the police to issue a warrant for her arrest. Bock resurfaced later that month in a boarding house in the Nuggets, adopting the identity of ""Percy Caroll Redwood"", claiming to be the wealthy nephew of an archbishop. With his short hair and fashionable attire, ""Mr Redwood"" quickly became popular among the other residents, impressing them with his apparent wealth and charm. He befriended the Ottaway family, the boarding house owners, and grew particularly close to their daughter. While keeping up his deception, ""Mr Redwood"" convinced a Dunedin woman to lend him £40 and also claimed his ""wealthy mother"" would provide financial support for his intended marriage to Miss Ottaway. Bock even forged letters purportedly from his ""mother"" detailing financial arrangements for their life together. The couple's wedding was scheduled for 21 April 1909, but suspicions began to arise about ""Mr Redwood"" shortly before the ceremony. A resident in the area raised concerns that led to investigations. On the day of the wedding, just as the couple was set to embark on their honeymoon to Melbourne, detectives finally located Bock and apprehended her at the boarding house. Detectives found Bock in the midst of her deception, casually smoking a pipe when they arrived. On being confronted, she simply replied, ""All right."" Following her arrest, it was revealed that she faced charges for her fraudulent activities, specifically the earlier incident involving the £30 she swindled from the businessman. Bock is reported to have admitted to her crimes and is eager to resolve the situation quickly. The Ottaway family, particularly the bride-to-be, expressed shock and distress over the unfolding events. Miss Ottaway has been reported to be unwell, likely due to the emotional turmoil caused by her engagement to someone she believed to be a respectable suitor. The case highlights the strange and remarkable exploits of a woman whose bold escapades captivated local attention and ended in her arrest.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090427_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090427.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1915011000
7248,28,04,1909,"The Department Of Agriculture. (Press, 28 April 1909)","On 28 April 1909, the Premier of New Zealand outlined the government's strategy for retrenchment and re-organisation within the public service, specifically addressing upcoming changes in the Department of Agriculture. This department, considered vital to government operations, has faced issues with growth that is common across various departments. The Premier noted that streamlining the ten divisions of the Agricultural Department into five is expected to enhance its effectiveness rather than hinder it. Key appointments have been made, including Mr Hope as the new Secretary for Agriculture, who has extensive experience in the Department. Mr Clifton has been promoted to ""Director of Farms,"" a title that indicates a focus on exhibition and developmental work, while Mr G. S. Munro's involvement is also positively regarded. The merging of the Veterinary and Stock divisions, advocated by Mr Gilruth, is anticipated to improve efficiency, particularly in responding to livestock disease outbreaks. Previously, reports had to undergo multiple layers of communication, causing delays; the new structure aims to significantly reduce this time loss. The Premier claimed that the reorganisation would yield ""great economies,"" despite the unfortunate consequence of job losses due to retrenchment. He suggested that this distress stems from previous government extravagance. The interest surrounding the Premier's announcements is expected to grow as he prepares to deliver a policy speech discussing other departmental adjustments. Additionally, the article touches on the intriguing case of Miss Amy Bock, a woman who gained attention for masquerading as a man, which has echoed historical instances of women successfully passing as men. References include the notorious ""Chevalier D'Eon,"" who lived as a man while actually being a woman, and the Spanish military nun ""Catalina de Eranso,"" who famously married without revealing her true identity. These examples highlight the complexities of gender roles and the lengths to which some women have gone to navigate societal norms, often intertwined with themes of love, survival, and deception.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090428_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090428.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914924600
7249,28,04,1909,"The Woman Bridegroom. (Press, 28 April 1909)","The news story revolves around the extraordinary escapades of Amy Bock, who is known for her devious exploits and has recently made headlines by marrying a young woman in the South. Bock has gained notoriety in both the city and Canterbury, becoming adept at charming unsuspecting men into parting with their money. Previously employed at a boarding house about eighteen months prior, she garnered the affection of the boarders through her pleasant disposition, despite not being particularly attractive. Bock's schemes have included fabricating tales to elicit financial assistance, one instance involving a story about a male friend in distress on the West Coast. She successfully manipulated one boarder into giving her twelve pounds, while she was about to approach another when the landlady interrupted. Her history includes stints at local institutions, where she showcased her talent for organising theatrical performances. A particularly notable aspect of Bock's abilities is her mastery of seven different styles of handwriting, which has aided her in various deceitful schemes. On one occasion while incarcerated, she slyly arranged for a letter to be posted to Victoria, whereupon she received a reply regarding an alleged inheritance of valuable property. Known by several aliases, including Shannon and Chanel, Bock has a long history with the law, having faced the Supreme Court in February 1905 on a forgery charge related to a cheque alteration incident involving a John Gardiner in Rakaia. During her trial, she claimed to have received only a fraction of the money she had expected as a result of the fraudulent cheque, but was ultimately found guilty. Her criminal record stretches back to 1896, and at the time of her sentencing, she had accumulated numerous convictions. Recently, Bock appeared at the Dunedin Police Court and indicated her intention to plead guilty to the charges against her. The court was crowded with observers eager to witness the proceedings, leading to her being discreetly escorted out to avoid the throng waiting outside. Bock's ongoing adventures and interactions with the law continue to captivate the public imagination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090428_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090428.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914924600
7250,30,04,1909,"Amy Bocks Case. (Press, 30 April 1909)","On 29 April 1909, Amy Bock expressed concern over her upcoming appearance at the Supreme Court, where she hopes to have a solicitor represent her and speak on her behalf. The anxiety stems from the potential of being declared an habitual criminal, which could result in her receiving an indeterminate sentence. There is indication that a prominent lawyer is expected to represent her in court. In connection to a marriage involving Miss Ottaway, it has been reported that she will need to initiate legal proceedings under the Divorce Act to seek an annulment. In a related issue, a local jewellers' firm provided £150 worth of jewellery to a man identified as ""Mr Percy Redwood"". To ensure financial security, a local legal firm secured the property of the Ottaways located at the Nuggets and guaranteed repayment to the jewellers. The unfolding situation highlights legal complications surrounding Bock's circumstances, her marriage, and financial dealings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090430_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090430.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914751800
7251,01,05,1909,"Amy Bock's Case. (Press, 1 May 1909)","On 30 April 1909, Amy Bock made arrangements to sell the rights to her photograph in male clothing, intending to use the proceeds for her legal defence. The solicitors representing her have chosen to donate the funds to a young woman from Dunedin who had been defrauded of £41. It has come to light that the gold watch chain and medal Bock was wearing at the time of her arrest were borrowed from an individual in Christchurch. These items will be returned to their rightful owner following the conclusion of the case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090501_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090501.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914665400
7252,03,05,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 3 May 1909)","The latest incident involving Amy Bock has garnered significant attention across New Zealand. Bock has managed to convincingly deceive her acquaintances by masquerading as a man and going through a marriage ceremony with another woman. This extraordinary episode has sparked widespread interest, with many eager to see her portrait, which is set to be featured in ""The Weekly Press."" The portraits, taken in 1886 when Bock was 25, depict her in various disguises, including female attire and male clothing shortly before the wedding. In local news, a new School Committee has been elected for Riccarton, led by C. E. T. Hill as chairman. Additionally, detectives in New Plymouth arrested a man charged with thefts, including a safety razor set and a racing saddle. A meeting was held to discuss electing a new trustee for the Kaiapoi park following Dr. J. A. J. Murray's relocation to Australia. Meanwhile, Miss Ada Ward expressed her delight in meeting members of the Edwin Geach Company after a lecture at His Majesty's Theatre, while also advocating for a crackdown on vulgar show performances. There are intriguing developments in the world of magic, with Mr. James Stirton claiming to have deciphered the secret behind a renowned illusion, which, if validated, could earn him a reward of £500. Several private performances have reportedly confirmed his claims. A social meeting is set to open the session for the Christchurch Methodist Literary and Debating Society, led by the new minister, Rev. C. H. Garland, who emphasised the need for energetic measures to make meetings more engaging. Concerns were raised about the utility of a bishop, reflected humorously in a remark from a historical Governor of New Zealand regarding the lack of roads for the ecclesiastical carriage. This anecdote recounts how Bishop Selwyn humbly traversed the terrain, exemplifying his commitment to the community. In the realm of local interest pieces, ""The Weekly Press"" includes a range of illustrations, from views of Constantinople to birdlife in the Auckland Islands, alongside the ongoing story of Bock, which continues to captivate the public. In other news, a bazaar opened by the Hon. J. B. C. Bull in aid of a local church was well-attended, and notable incidents include a dramatic moment at Wellington wharf when a passenger realized he was on the wrong steamer. Additionally, a missing child was found sleeping in a box, causing great relief to parents in Timaru. The budding Marshland Farmers' Club also had its inaugural meeting, highlighting community engagement and a desire for agricultural advancement in the region. On a more serious note, a solicitor faced scrutiny for financial mismanagement in court, where it was noted he had scant income and significant debts, raising questions about his ability to practice law. These events, alongside a plethora of other local updates, reflect the everyday life and challenges faced by New Zealanders in 1909, showcasing a blend of societal issues, community spirit, and curiosities that paint a vivid picture of the era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090503_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090503.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914492600
7253,04,05,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 4 May 1909)","On 4 May 1909, ""The Weekly Press"" featured an issue filled with engaging stories and illustrations, particularly highlighting portraits of Amy Bock, who was notably referred to as the female bridegroom. The publication also introduced a series titled ""The Adventures of Ru*vell Howard,"" beginning with ""The Case of Lord Ponderry,"" which narrates the capture of a young nobleman by Sicilian brigands. The news included reports from Greymouth about planned indignation meetings in Westport and Greymouth, aimed at protesting the abolition of the Westland District Court. An extensive report on livestock slaughtered at the Christchurch abattoir for April detailed the figures: 959 cattle were slaughtered with 11 condemned, alongside 864 sheep, 1,097 lambs, 810 pigs, and 388 calves. Building permits issued in April were noted, with a total value exceeding £23,000 for projects in various wards. The Richmond Methodist Church celebrated its anniversary with services led by Rev. C. H. Garland and Rev. G. H. Law, drawing considerable public attendance. In response to an appeal from the Maori Mission Board, St. Andrew’s Church conducted a special offertory, demonstrating community support. Despite the bowling season ending, enthusiasts expressed a desire to continue the sport. The weather pattern shifted, bringing heavy mist which was welcomed by hunters preparing for duck shooting. The potato blight severely affected crops in South Canterbury, leading to reduced pricing and concerns among merchants about oversupply. Additionally, a new disease detrimental to onions was noted. The Associated Board of the Royal Academy of Music announced the closing of entries for examinations, with numbers reflecting interest in both theory and practical assessments. In legal matters, the Westport murder trial was set for hearing on 10 May, with a significant number of witnesses summoned for both the prosecution and defence. A report revealed that Michael J. Morrigan, a publican from Shannon, faced charges for licensing violations during the recent election, marking a first-of-its-kind case in New Zealand. Trinity Congregational Church held services where Rev. W. J. L. Closs shared messages of faith and trust in God. Concerned poultrymen protested the closure of the Burnham Poultry Experimental Farm, advocating for its reconsideration due to its vital contributions to the poultry industry. Following the Labourers' dispute, the Timaru Borough committed to ensuring fair treatment of employees, linking pay to work performance while allowing for time off during illness. Moreover, updates from the weather department forecasted adverse weather conditions, likely affecting shipping and encouraging caution. The wider community engaged in various events, including a successful musical performance at Sydenham Mission Hall, featuring the travel representative of Dr. Barnardo's homes, and discussions on improving the agricultural sector through proposed reorganisation strategies. Additionally, a meeting convened by citizens protesting taxation on farms indicated a push for balanced assessments between unimproved and improved land values. In cultural events, combined church parades celebrated community spirit, while a significant share of recent reports focused on music, agriculture, and public welfare initiatives, demonstrating active participation across different sectors of society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090504_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090504.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914406200
7254,04,05,1909,"The Case Of Amy Bock (Press, 4 May 1909)","Amy Bock was presented before the Court in Dunedin on 4 May 1909, facing charges of forging the signature of her employer, John Roy, to obtain a loan of £110 from a moneylender named Ellis. Bock, who was working as a domestic servant for Roy, allegedly used a forged receipt for £62 indicating that she had bought Roy's furniture to secure the loan. This occurred while Roy and his family were on holiday. The courtroom was packed with spectators by the time the proceedings began, and Bock's lawyer requested she be allowed to sit with her back to the public, citing her distress, but the Magistrate denied this request. Evidence presented revealed that Bock sold Roy's furniture without his knowledge while he was away. Following the family's return, Bock left the house under the pretense of visiting her brother and a friend. Bock wrote a letter to Ellis, expressing deep remorse and begging for leniency. She admitted in the letter to deceiving him under immense pressure to help her brother, claiming that she had fabricated her identity and circumstances out of desperation. She articulated a strong appeal for understanding and indicated her belief that she could repay the money if given the chance. In the hearing, she pleaded guilty and expressed gratitude to the police and the Roy family for their treatment during the ordeal. The Court was informed that three additional charges would be laid against her. Chief Detective Herbert provided evidence of her time working for Roy and the events leading to the forgery. The details surrounding the transaction revealed that Bock had written to financial agents seeking a loan on the furniture she claimed was hers. Using the false name of Charlotte Skevington, she engaged with both Ellis and his solicitor, Mr D. Forsyth, to complete the necessary documents to secure the cash advance. The case has drawn significant public interest due to the nature of the crime and the emotional appeals Bock made in her writings, reflecting a complex interplay of desperation and manipulation. As proceedings concluded, Bock was committed for sentencing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090504_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090504.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914406200
7255,05,05,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 5 May 1909)","On 5 May 1909, a variety of local events and developments in New Zealand were reported. The ""Weekly Press"" offered an opportunity for direct mail to London, aiming to share intriguing news featuring the story of Amy Bock, a noteworthily curious account expected to engage readers. The issue also included auction announcements from several companies such as New Zealand Farmers' Co-op and Baker Bros. In Ashburton, the price of bread increased to 6d for a 4lb loaf. The Christchurch Beautifying Society re-elected its Executive, confirming a commitment to local improvement. In a legal case, a fifteen-year-old boy, Nathaniel Symons, was committed to a reformatory in Napier for breaking and entering, marking a troubling start to his youth. The Canterbury Automobile Association discussed subscriptions and the need for a distinctive badge for its members. In a quirky court ruling, a disgruntled property owner from Auckland received a valuation reduction after complaining about his unfavourable neighbours, a church and a Chinese individual. A meeting of the Trinity Congregational Literary and Debating Society saw contributions on various topics, including a poem winning acclaim. The New Zealand Presbyterian Young Men's Bible Class Union held a meeting to discuss future plans and collaborations with other organisations. The report detailed a visit by the Antarctic exploring ship Nimrod for necessary repairs, which revealed minimal damage from ice pressure, highlighting the resilience of its British oak timbers. Authorities discussed allowing children's bicycles in public gardens following complaints about restrictions, with some members suggesting a review of existing rules. The Napier bakers reverted to previous pricing after a failed trial of a bread retailing system. In the world of local politics, the Ashburton Borough Council met to assess its financial situation, including an overdraft of £1453, and to approve rates. The arrival of the New Zealand Shipping Company's liner Bimutaka from London was noted, with a diverse contingent of passengers, including many assisted migrants. A court ruling clarified that the Magistrate's Court had the power to reinstate cases previously struck out due to non-attendance, providing a significant procedural clarification. Meanwhile, the Wellington Benevolent Institution prepared support for a blind Chinese gardener, demonstrating evolving community aid dynamics. Further, discussions around regulations for motor launches were underway in Wanganui, indicating growing public transport considerations. The Christchurch Drainage Board engaged with various improvement projects, while the local shooting clubs planned competitions and enhancements in training. Overall, the news reflected a dynamic community engaged in various social, legal, and economic activities, marked by local governance, community welfare, and cultural engagements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090505_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090505.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914319800
7256,07,05,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 7 May 1909)","On 7 May 1909, notable New Zealand author O. B. Lancaster wrote an evocative article titled ""A Place of Beginnings,"" which will be published in ""The Press."" Lancaster has embarked on an important literary assignment for an American magazine. Meanwhile, Hon. T. Mackenzie visited Geraldine, where he received a warm reception from farmers who expressed their dissatisfaction with the new train arrangements. Although he listened sympathetically to their concerns, he clarified that the issue was beyond his jurisdiction. In legal news, Amy Bock is due in Dunedin Police Court facing charges of false pretences and a fake marriage declaration. Thomas Mulcahey, found guilty of stealing a totalisator ticket at Rivertands racecourse, was sentenced to three months imprisonment. In Feilding, bootmaker Charles Mitchell pleaded guilty to betting with an 18-year-old and received a £10 fine. A curling match at Ohoka ended with the Rangiora team winning 29 games to 7. The Rangiora Literary and Debating Society held its recent meeting focusing on various contemporary issues, discussing topics such as juror pay and the relevance of churches today. The meeting also included an address from the president on ""Progress"" and reaffirmed the inclusion of women in all society events. In Ashburton, during the Mayor's installation, a resolution supporting Prime Minister Joseph Ward's offer of a Dreadnought to Great Britain was passed, with strong agreement from Mayor C. W. Parnell. The Canterbury Caledonian Society held its season's opening social event featuring a captivating paper on Scottish history and music performances. The Rangiora Borough Council reported on municipal gasworks, showing significant business growth compared to the previous year, detailing a considerable increase in gas receipts and the consumer base. Discussions continued on a proposed water scheme which the public viewed with skepticism despite its necessity. Reports from around New Zealand indicated issues in the bricklayers' trade, where intense competition had driven down prices. Dr. Trevor praised the Koraunui Council for its efforts in improving local infrastructure, noting the health benefits of cleaner streets compared to his early experience in Ashburton. The Dunedin Police Court dealt with several cases, including a man charged with drunkenness while under a prohibition order. Additionally, a fruiterer was discharged after the court ruled his dual business practices didn't violate the half-holiday closing laws. The article highlighted various community events, including lectures and sporting activities, as well as revelations about the health of infants raised on different nutrition regimens. Throughout, the local society appeared to engage in a grappling with regulatory changes, public services, and community development, all of which reflect the evolving dynamics of early 20th-century New Zealand life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090507_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090507.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914147000
7258,08,05,1909,"The Case Of Amy Bock (Press, 8 May 1909)","On 8 May 1909, Amy Rock appeared in a Dunedin court to plead guilty to charges of false pretences and making a false declaration related to her fraudulent marriage. Rock was accused of deceiving Miss Margaret Henderson out of £41 by fabricating a story about losing her valuables at the Nuggets while fishing. She claimed a large sum of money was lost when her pocketbook fell into the sea, and purported to need funds to hire a diver to recover it. Henderson, believing Rock’s story, lent her all the money she had, only to find out later that Rock had no intention of repaying the loan. Witnesses testified that Rock had posed as a man named P.C. Redwood while staying at a boarding house run by Mrs Butcher and had managed to maintain this charade for months. Rock had even gained the trust of George Ottaway, the father of her fiancée, by portraying herself as a wealthy individual. A marriage ceremony was conducted at Ottaway’s house on 21 April, where she had invited numerous guests. Further evidence revealed that Rock had misleadingly filled out marriage documentation on 8 March, claiming to be a bachelor, and had misrepresented her financial situation to various individuals to extract money from them. Detective Hunt, who arrested Rock, indicated that she had previously suggested her intention to plead guilty during questioning. In another instance, she approached a barrister named B.S.J. Irwin for a temporary loan of £10, alleging that she had lost it at sea and that her financial resources would soon be replenished. Irwin ultimately provided the loan but later discovered that Rock's claims were without merit. Despite the overwhelming evidence, Rock’s attorney expressed a desire to reserve her defence. However, she did demonstrate a degree of gratitude towards her lawyer and the public press for portraying her as a woman despite her actions. She acknowledged her wrongdoings and indicated a willingness to accept punishment. Rock was committed to the Supreme Court for sentencing on the charges of fraudulent behaviour, and although her lawyer sought bail, the magistrate declined on the grounds that it would not be in line with the Supreme Court's directives. Thus, Rock remained in custody pending her sentencing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090508_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090508.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914060600
7257,08,05,1909,"Topics Of The Day. (Press, 8 May 1909)","On 8 May 1909, the trend of studying and recording tombstone inscriptions in country churchyards is highlighted, as a meaningful hobby embraced by those interested in local history and genealogy. The article refers to individuals, often affiliated with archaeological societies, who diligently work to transcribe and document the inscriptions found on tombstones, advancing the understanding of historical contexts and personal narratives linked to these graves. Mr W. B. Gerish from the East Herts Archaeological Society discusses the challenges faced during this task, including physical exhaustion from kneeling, brushing stones, and deciphering weathered engravings. Despite efforts to document these inscriptions, photography is noted as often ineffective due to the deterioration of the stones, rendering the letters nearly indecipherable. Nevertheless, recording these inscriptions is considered crucial as they represent a connection to the past that could otherwise be lost to time. The article also touches upon the humorous interactions between grave hunters and local clerks, suggesting some suspicion from the clergy about the intent behind documenting the dead, with fears of taxation implied. Additionally, the farewell of Admiral Lord Charles Beresford from his command of the Channel Fleet is described, illustrating a poignant ceremony as he departs amidst a crowd of supporters. This event captured public sentiment, demonstrating the Admiral's popularity and his significance in advocating for a powerful navy. The scene is depicted with great emotion as sailors and the public express their admiration, marking a significant moment of commemoration for his service. In a contrasting narrative, the article recounts the capture of Multan, a notorious raider in India, emphasizing the ongoing challenges faced by troops on the Indian frontier against local insurgencies. Multan was responsible for numerous atrocities and ultimately met his end during a military operation that highlighted the precariousness of frontier life and the sacrifices involved in maintaining order. The story reflects upon the complexity of border conflicts in the colonial era, illustrating how significant losses are often endured in the name of security. The piece concludes with a curious anecdote about a woman who disguised herself as a man to escape a troubled marriage and gain employment in a man's world. This tale, suggesting themes of gender identity and societal roles, illustrates the lengths one might go to in pursuit of freedom and survival, ultimately ending with her unmasking and return to her true identity. Overall, the articles cover diverse themes, from the significance of local historical preservation through tombstones to the personal triumphs against social constraints, and from naval farewells resonating with national pride to the harsh realities of colonial policing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090508_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090508.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1914060600
7259,10,05,1909,"Amy Bock. (Press, 10 May 1909)","Amy Bock was born in Sale, Gippsland, Victoria, 49 years prior to May 1909. A schoolmate of hers, J.C. Bryant, noted that she was both clever and popular during her school years, attending a local State school where Bryant's father was the headmaster. Although she had a somewhat reserved attitude, she enjoyed the company of boys, which was seen as a reflection of her temperament rather than any boldness. As she grew older, Amy developed several talents, particularly in music, and earned a reputation as an accomplished woman. During her youth, she participated in sports, specifically equestrian activities, and won various riding prizes at agricultural shows alongside her brother. Her father contributed to her early exposure to entertainment, organising charitable events where Amy showcased her abilities by playing male roles in performances. Amy's mother had a significant influence on her life. She was known for her dramatic flair and was even referred to as ""Lady Macbeth,"" engaging in theatrical gestures at home. This dynamic between mother and daughter appears to have shaped Amy’s personality and artistic inclinations, suggesting a close bond and a strong motherly presence in her formative years.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090510_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090510.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1913887800
7260,13,05,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 13 May 1909)","On 13 May 1909, Dunedin's correspondent reported on various local events. Mr A. C. Hanlon was set to leave for the West Coast on Friday to defend Connolly, accused of murder, with the trial anticipated to last five days. In the Juvenile Court, an infant was committed to the Receiving Home due to concerns over its mother, who was deemed an habitual drunkard and a reputed prostitute; the child is to be raised in the Church of England faith. A foreign missionary meeting was conducted at the Sydenham Methodist Church, attended by a large audience. Chairman Mr F. Thompson welcomed Rev. J. W. Burton, who spoke about his missionary work in Fiji and experiences in India, receiving a vote of thanks afterwards. The Kaiapoi Athletic Club appointed Mr H. Evans as a trustee, replacing Dr. J. A. J. Murray. In the Rangiora Literary and Debating Society, the debate topic was whether the Dreadnought Offer was justifiable. The Western Maori election petition was near a decision, expected the following Saturday, with no costs awarded against Mr Grace, the Returning Officer. Two men, William Niccols and William Cotter, were committed for trial after allegedly assaulting Sarah Falloon and robbing her of £5. At the Geraldine Road Board meeting, Mr J. Kelland was re-elected as chairman, while a general rate proposal was introduced. Local labour markets were struggling, as reported from Greymouth, where the Blackball Company had recently cut 30 jobs, with further reductions expected. The Canterbury Methodist Sunday School Union held its quarterly meeting at Papanui, discussing social conditions in their homeland and featuring various speakers. Hon. J. R. Sinclair mentioned at the Trust Company annual meeting that financial difficulties had allowed for better mortgage opportunities. A Wellington man was selling an unusual insecticide, claiming it had a long waiting period before use, leading to some humorous interactions with potential buyers. Mr H. G. Ell, M.P., expressed dissatisfaction after the Mayor of Auckland declined to chair his meeting regarding ""Rating on Unimproved Land Values."" The Christchurch Garrison Non-commissioned Officers' Club held a meeting to adapt club rules and consider reviving a garrison ball. The Women's Christian Temperance Union held a farewell social for Miss Roberts, recognising her contributions to various social causes. Meanwhile, Industries Week began in Wellington, showcasing New Zealand-made goods. A fire board in Wellington decided to purchase a new fire engine, while weather-related challenges disrupted services in Kaikoura, isolating the settlement. The Ellersmere Domain Board discussed recreation grounds for Southbridge and Doyleston, while cycle workers reached an agreement with employers intending to take the matter to the Arbitration Court. Significant construction work was slated to begin at Port Chalmers. Lastly, a bankruptcy meeting revealed W. G. Sommerville had substantial debts, while a witness in a Wellington court case recalled humorous encounters relating to his drinking during a robbery incident. Services at a local Presbyterian church were also noted for their success, as was a meeting focused on filling a theological chair left vacant by a previous death.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090513_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090513.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1913628600
7261,18,05,1909,"Amy Bock. (Press, 18 May 1909)","The news story from 18 May 1909 discusses a sale that is taking place for wedding presents. The report originates from Bunerbin on 17 May, noting that a significant auction is being held. The auction features an array of wedding gifts, including a selection of brushes that have garnered attention. Although specifics about the items or their values are not provided, the auction appears to be an opportunity for individuals to purchase wedding presents at potentially lower prices. The article emphasizes the significance of the event, hinting at its appeal to those interested in acquiring gifts for upcoming weddings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090518_2_50_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090518.2.50.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1913196600
7262,21,05,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 21 May 1909)","On 21 May 1909, news from various regions in New Zealand highlighted important legal proceedings, community meetings, and social events. In the Westport murder trial, Mr H. P. Doogan, a local solicitor, was present to assist the defence. The Supreme Court was set to hold sittings in Greymouth on specific dates in June, September, and December as announced by Hon. A. R. Guinness, M.P. In Auckland, the court faced a backlog of cases, with heavy demand for judicial resources. The annual conference for the Otago and Waitaki Acclimatisation Societies was scheduled for 2 June in Dunedin, focusing on deer management. The Ashburton Horticultural Society received a letter about school garden competition judging, while the Rose Show in December saw special prize offerings. In political news, Mr W. Fraser decided not to contest the Wakatipu seat again, with Mr Alex McNab emerging as a candidate for the Opposition. In education, the Otago High School Board selected a design for the Girls' High School from 21 submissions, moving towards finalising specifications for the school's construction. Discussions continued regarding the Invercargill tramways, with Sir Joseph Ward indicating community support for municipal tramways and seeking a refund for relinquishing rights. The Christchurch Savage Club convened to express condolences for the passing of Mr G. P. Williams, their long-serving honorary secretary. They planned a representation at his funeral, reflecting the esteem in which he was held by club members. In more social events, the Ashburton Scottish Society enjoyed a successful evening of music and dancing, while the Christchurch Garrison Non-commissioned Officers Club extended sympathy to the relatives of a deceased member. Various lectures and meetings contributed to community engagement, including discussions on the British Navy and horticulture. Additionally, the Dunedin workers' union reported a misleading labour situation amidst competing employment demands in the region. Fishing stories were shared, illustrating the creativity of native fish-catching methods, and there was a rise in the sale of second-hand motor cycles due to specific financial reasons. The local industry showed signs of concern over contracts and labour conditions, as evidenced by negotiations related to wages for workers involved in launching a stranded ship. Important community decisions were to be discussed in forthcoming council meetings, with representatives of various sectors collaborating to address local needs. Overall, the news illustrated a dynamic period of legal matters, political developments, social engagements, and community concerns reflecting the life and times of New Zealand in 1909.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090521_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090521.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1912937400
7263,28,05,1909,"The Amy Bock Case. (Press, 28 May 1909)","On 27 May 1909, Amy Bock was declared a habitual criminal by a Dunedin court after a series of convictions for false pretences. Defence counsel, Mr Moore, provided a background on Bock, who is said to be 46 years old. He noted her troubled upbringing, revealing that her mother had been committed to a mental asylum and later died in a mental hospital in Australia. After her mother’s commitment, Bock was raised in a ladies' boarding school in Melbourne. Following a significant financial loss in her family, she returned home and pursued a career in teaching, obtaining her licence at around thirteen or fourteen years of age. Despite this promising start, Bock's legal troubles began soon after, with her first known conviction occurring shortly after she started teaching. Her criminal history included multiple convictions for false pretences both in Australia and New Zealand, summing to a total of thirteen previous convictions and a combined sentence of sixteen years and two months. During the court proceedings, Mr Moore argued that Bock's past might indicate a lack of responsibility for her actions and requested a mental examination to assess her condition. However, the presiding judge noted that after the sentence was passed, she would be medically examined to determine her mental state, but for now, he refused to commit her to an asylum. The prosecution represented Bock as a skilled swindler who took advantage of others' trust, with some of her acts being particularly cruel, such as the case involving a victim from whom she stole all savings. The court described her as a ""pest on society"" and acknowledged the need for robust legal action against repeat offenders. In pronouncing the sentence, the judge stated that the law allows for indefinite imprisonment for individuals guilty of a series of offences, which would be the method of dealing with Bock. She was sentenced to imprisonment with hard labour for her charges, and her status as a habitual criminal was formally declared. Mr Moore also mentioned that both the victims, represented by the Ottaway family, had expressed forgiveness towards Bock and were not seeking severe penalisation. The judge acknowledged their commendable stance but remarked on the nature of Bock's deception. The outcome leaves Bock facing a lengthy period of incarceration while the matter of her mental health and potential future treatment could be addressed by the Government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090528_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090528.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1912332600
7264,15,06,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 15 June 1909)","On 15 June 1909, the ""Weekly Press"" featured an extensive collection of twenty-seven photographs showcasing various locations across New Zealand. This collection highlighted the nation's development and progress, capturing its vibrant towns. A notable point of pride was the Public Trust Office, originating from a Kiwi statesman and later adopted by British officials. The opening of its new Wellington building was celebrated with pictures of key figures, including the office's originator, past and present staff, and moments from a ceremonial luncheon. In significant community news, the Cheviot Farmers' Union convened to discuss wool-classing and invited an expert from the Agricultural Department for a lecture. Meanwhile, Auckland's police arrested a man named Willcocks, who was found in possession of dynamite materials intended for burglary at a local grocery store. The investigation revealed more explosives at his residence. During a meeting about the Tramway Board's proposed loan, the board's proposals were largely accepted despite one dissenting opinion regarding potential revenue loss from extensions. A variety concert benefitting the Roman Catholic bazaar charity took place in Dartfield, showcasing a range of performances that garnered high praise from attendees. A tragic incident was referenced by the Rev. E. Whitehouse during a sermon at St. Stephen's Church, mourning the loss of John Booth, a respected youth who died from a gunshot wound. He was remembered for his heroic behaviour despite his injuries. In local governance, the Lyttelton Borough Council deliberated on their excessive committee sizes and meeting efficiency. Further updates included the progress of coal mining in the Mount Somers area, which promised increased output due to improved facilities. There were discussions regarding connecting Lyttelton to Christchurch via an electric tram service, with the Mayor encouraging councillors to attend an upcoming meeting about the plans. In education, preliminary preparations for a library in Linwood were underway, with a committee established to handle logistics and book selections. Additionally, a recent upsurge in bankruptcies was noted in the area. The Christchurch City Council also reported on building permits and discussions about a tramway scheme. The unease among council members was evident regarding funds misallocated through loans, with calls for stricter regulation. The overall community involvement and numerous events highlighted the energetic civic life of New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090615_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090615.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1910777400
7265,18,06,1909,"The Amy Bock Case. (Press, 18 June 1909)","On 17 June 1909, in the Divorce Court in Dunedin, a significant case unfolded when Agnee Ottoway sought an annulment of her marriage to Amy Bock. The application, presented by lawyer Mr Solomon, outlined that the marriage had been conducted under false pretenses, as Bock had presented herself as a man during the ceremony. Soon after the marriage, Ottoway discovered the deception, which left her in a deeply humiliating situation. Mr Solomon informed the court of the necessity of the annulment proceedings, despite the fact that Ottoway could technically remarry without the annulment. His Honour, Mr Justice Williams, acknowledged that while it may not be strictly required, pursuing a formal declaration was indeed desirable. He referred to a similar case from roughly eight years prior, involving a marriage between two women, which had also drawn significant attention. In that case, the parties had lived together for several years before seeking an annulment. Justice Williams then affirmed that the marriage had been solemnised between Ottoway and someone who posed as a man, named Percival Carl Redwood. He recognised the importance of granting the decree of annulment since the marriage was improperly established. Following the presentation of evidence by Ottoway, Chief Detective Herbert, and Agnes Simnson, a gaol matron, the court ultimately granted the annulment, putting an end to the marriage that had been contracted under misleading circumstances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090618_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090618.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1910518200
7266,14,07,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 14 July 1909)","On 14 July 1909, the ""Evening News"" announced its upcoming publication of the life story of Amy Bock, a notorious figure infamous for her crimes and for masquerading as a man to marry a woman. The series is anticipated to generate significant interest, especially following the popularity of portraits of Bock that appeared in the ""Weekly Press."" This initiative follows a long-standing tradition of exploring complex social issues, such as the reasons behind women's sins—an age-old question with no definitive answers but one that can be illuminated through individual narratives. In local news, recent weather conditions revealed a sharp frost in Ashburton, while the new Public Library in Timaru saw a remarkable attendance of over 6,600 visitors since its opening. Meanwhile, the Christchurch Fire Board announced a shift to bi-weekly meetings, and the Timaru Borough Council began implementing measures to curb spitting on footpaths, placing notices throughout the town. Another notable agricultural event was the vigorous growth observed in velvet wheat imported from Australia, surpassing local varieties. Financially, the Mayor of Timaru indicated an easement in the money market, highlighting offers of over £10,000 at competitive interest rates. An awards ceremony for the Industries Week Essay Competition was scheduled, with significant local figures set to distribute prizes. Additionally, discussions within the Fire Board included the acquisition of a second-hand motor vehicle to aid in transporting firefighting equipment, and a budgetary limit was placed on gas consumption for brigade members. A humorous incident involving a dog stealing a barracouta drew some amusement, while a minor road accident involved a tram and a motor car at a busy intersection, fortunately resulting in no serious injuries. Cultural engagements included a concert in Lyttelton to benefit the Girls' Friendly Society Lodge and a ploughing match committee meeting in North Canterbury, where plans for upcoming events were put in place. That week, the Royal Horticultural Society in London prepared for its exhibition promoting colonial-grown produce, aiming to enhance the market for colonial fruits. Furthermore, discussions in New South Wales centred around immigration and the financial responsibilities associated with child-rearing, as new proposals aimed to bolster the native-born population's growth. Speculations on the historical discovery of an ancient Māori canoe bed during landscaping work in Marlborough also emerged, sparking interest in the region's heritage. Overall, the local and international news presented a diverse array of developments from social concerns to agricultural advancements, demonstrating the interconnectedness of community, culture, and historical narratives in shaping societal progress.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090714_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090714.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1908271800
7267,15,07,1909,"News Of The Day. (Press, 15 July 1909)","On 15 July 1909, the French flag was displayed at the Consulate in Christchurch to commemorate the French National Fete Day. Several events were planned, including the annual meeting of the Christchurch Cathedral Choir Old Members' Association, scheduled for that evening, which would begin with a special service at 5.15 p.m. in the Cathedral followed by tea and a social gathering. In the Arbitration Court, Mr Brown, representing employers, praised the private hotels in Christchurch for providing quality accommodation at low rates during discussions on a dispute related to these establishments. Meanwhile, the Rangiora Literary and Debating Society met on Tuesday, where Mr R. Ball presented a paper on Edgar Allan Poe, previously deferred from an earlier meeting. The Auckland Branch of the Liberal and Labour Federation passed a resolution advocating for the establishment of foundling hospitals to reduce infanticide incidences in the Dominion. In Kaikoura, a meeting was convened to form a miniature rifle club for young ladies, with plans made to use available ranges and resources. The Children’s Convalescent Cottage at New Brighton held its quarterly meeting, discussing reports and necessary improvements, such as removing overgrown trees to enhance access to sunlight and outdoor activities. Miss Dugby's Shorthand and Commercial School had several students who successfully achieved certificates in shorthand theory examinations held in April. The Lincoln District High School committee decided to commemorate Arbor Day with tree planting and a flag hoisting ceremony. Additionally, the 41st annual meeting of the Knightstown (St. Albans) Public Library Mutual Improvement Association took place, adopting reports and electing new officers. At a presentation for Mr C. E. Fowke, a railway employee retiring after over 37 years, attendees noted the remarkable history of long-serving staff in the region, including guard Mr. T. Breeze, who had worked alongside Mr. Fowke for decades. In Kaiapoi, the Borough Council discussed support for a protest against increased funding by the Hospital Board, ultimately voting in favour of the board's efforts to consolidate ward facilities for efficiency. The Farmers' Union will hold its next meeting to discuss current agricultural issues, while the Tramway Board is set to meet for routine business. Various organisations were involved in improvements, including the Young Women’s Christian Association, which reported significant fundraising success for their building fund. At a recent Kaiapoi School Committee meeting, the Board of Education agreed to address some concerns regarding educational resources and infrastructure. Mrs. delivered an influential lecture on ""Prison Reform"" at the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, discussing the need for humane approaches to rehabilitation rather than punitive measures. Moreover, the revised international telegraph regulations were announced, which would affect charges for telegram repetitions. In Christchurch, a collision occurred between a tram and a dray, causing injuries and damage but fortunately no serious harm to passengers. Lastly, the local community reflected on the discussions around the employment situation and preparation for Arbor Day events, as new educational provisions were considered by various committees.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090715_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090715.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1908185400
7268,17,07,1909,"A Story Of Interest. (Press, 17 July 1909)","The ""Evening News"" is set to publish the first instalment of the life story of Amy Bock, an extraordinary figure known for her criminal exploits that have garnered significant attention both within New Zealand and beyond its shores. Her notoriety has made her one of the most talked-about criminals in the country’s history. The upcoming narrative promises to reveal many facts about her life and career that have not been disclosed before, including her infamous bogus marriage to a woman who was one of her accomplices. This fabrication was preceded by a series of criminal acts and adventurous escapades that are expected to capture the interest of the readers. The publication encourages everyone to obtain the ""Evening News"" that evening to ensure they do not miss the opening chapters of this intriguing tale.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090717_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090717.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1908012600
7269,21,07,1909,"News Of The Day (Press, 21 July 1909)","On 21 July 1909, various auction announcements were published involving C. A. Lees and Co., Harris Bros., New Zealand Farmers' Co-op, and others, which can be found on page 11 of the issue. The Stipendiary Magistrate's decision in the case of Gome v the Selwyn-Ashley Drainage Board, brought to court in Rangiora, has been appealed by the defendant Board. The Christchurch Drainage Board decided to promote a Bill in Parliament to extend the drainage district to include lands currently outside the city district. A meeting of the North Canterbury ploughing match committee took place, resulting in 26 entries for the event scheduled for Friday. Additionally, the high rent in Christchurch was highlighted by Frank Rule, an agent for the Presbyterian Social Service Association, who noted that a family with a weekly income of 35 shillings was paying 12 shillings for inadequate housing. The Rangiora Winter Show announced a weight-guessing competition outcome, with five individuals accurately guessing the weight of a dressed carcass of mutton at 80 pounds, sharing a prize of £1 each. The meat was donated for distribution to deserving cases in the town. At the Loyal Rangiora Lodge of Oddfellows meeting, a recommendation for Bro. J. A. Boyd to the Kaikoura district was approved, and new candidates for membership were discussed. Married members lost a euchre match to their single counterparts. In Wellington, William Tuck, an influential sculler backer, mentioned the ongoing interest in sculling, hinting that champion sculler William Webb might not be done with the sport yet. The Drainage Board addressed a letter from the City and Suburban Burgesses' Association regarding ongoing stormwater issues in the Falsgrave Street area. The board deferred the matter to a consultation with the City Engineer. In a legal case involving the Australian Federated Seamen's Union, Dr. McArthur was adjudicating on a breach of an award related to notice of dismissal procedures. The Minister for Public Works announced the retrenchment of factory inspectors and the closure of the Ashburton and Oamaru labour offices. The Presbyterian Social Service Association advocated for solutions to urban poverty, including the establishment of cottage homes in disadvantaged areas. In other news, the Christchurch Drainage Board discussed a report on the efficacy and cost of local coke versus imported coke. An innovative valveless engine designed by Wellington inventor W. H. Trengrove was also reported, attracting international interest. An upcoming arrival of 215 passengers, most travelling third-class, was noted from the Tongariro, with many assisted immigrants on board. Additionally, Timber Millers protested against proposed export duties for timber shipped over Greymouth wharf, arguing that it would unfairly burden the industry already suffering from high transport costs. The article also reported on various community and sporting events, including the opening of the Scargill Musical Union and the annual meeting of the New Zealand Axemen's Association, alongside discussions of schooling, social issues, and advancements in local infrastructure. Overall, the publication highlighted a range of social, legal, and economic issues pertinent to the day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090721_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090721.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1907667000
7270,10,08,1909,"Woman Of Great Resource. (Press, 10 August 1909)","On 10 August 1909, leading journals in New Zealand are featuring the life story of Amy Bock, a woman whose talents have been notably misapplied. The ongoing series published in the ""New Zealand Herald"" in Auckland, ""Otago Daily Times"" in Dunedin, ""New Zealand Times"" in Wellington, and the Saturday editions of the ""Evening News"" in Christchurch showcases her as a remarkable individual of extraordinary resourcefulness. This captivating narrative appeals to a wide audience, engaging both young and old, regardless of gender. The publicity around Amy Bock's story has led to a significant increase in sales for the Saturday editions of these newspapers, indicating a strong public interest in her unique experiences. This phenomenon mirrors the previous high demand for ""The Weekly Press"" which featured special portraits of her. The overarching sentiment expressed in these publications seems to serve as a cautionary tale, encouraging readers to remain on a virtuous path while highlighting the intriguing yet cautionary aspects of Bock's life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19090810_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19090810.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1905939000
7271,15,03,1910,"News Of The Day. (Press, 15 March 1910)","On 15 March 1910, the growing significance of rifle shooting in New Zealand was highlighted by the recent competitions held at Trentham, which saw the New South Wales team compete for both the Empire Match and the Gordon Highlanders' Trophy. New Zealand achieved notable victories in both events, despite challenging weather conditions like rain and strong winds affecting the Australian competitors. Observations from ""The Weekly Press"" included various illustrations from the event, showcasing participants and their equipment. In local news, the election for the new Hospital and Charitable Aid Board was set to take place the following day, and two boys arrested for theft near Hanmer were brought to town. Law enforcement made additional arrests related to stolen goods from the Kaiapoi Woollen Company. A minor incident involving a tramcar occurred, causing delays but benefiting cab drivers as passengers sought quicker transport into the city. The Christchurch Model Yacht Club conducted its first heats for a trophy presented by Captain Owles, with Mr Haydon's vessel coming out on top in the first heat. Cabinet authorised significant financial expenditure for railway and road works, and there were reports of typhoid fever affecting the Māori community at Jerusalem, raising concerns about public health measures. A harvest festival at Lyttelton Methodist Church attracted large crowds, showcasing both religious and community spirit. A disturbance between newsboys on Cathedral Square resulted in one boy becoming briefly unconscious but recovering shortly after. In a case of verbal abuse at the Wellington Magistrate’s Court, a man was fined for insulting another by referencing a convicted criminal. The Christchurch YMCA prepared for various winter activities, aiming for operational readiness by early April, while a prison escape case caught public attention after a man fleeing from Palmerston North was quickly recaptured. Rev. H. S. Woollcombe spoke at a Lyttelton meeting concerning community character's influence over environment. Further, the government announced investigations into a disease affecting trout in Lake Rotorua, while a cyclist narrowly avoided serious injury in a mishap with a tram. Preparations for a fundraising fair at East Christchurch Schools were underway, responding to funding challenges due to government subsidy cuts. Observations indicated a significant rise in the rabbit population, impacting local businesses, and arrangements were made for a bank holiday to celebrate St. Patrick's Day. The establishment of the New Brighton Sailing and Motor Boat Club marked a new era in local boating activities, with continued discussions on education and community issues happening among various assemblies. Finally, local advertisements promoted services such as customs clearance and outfitting for winter wear, indicating a bustling community atmosphere.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19100315_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19100315.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1887190200
7272,12,11,1910,"Passage Through Committee. (Press, 12 November 1910)","On 11 November 1910, discussions in the Wellington House of Representatives highlighted intense debate regarding the Licensing Bill, particularly Clause 16, which pertained to national prohibition. Mr Malcolm expressed his belief that a 50 percent majority should suffice for implementing prohibition, claiming that the Bill too heavily favoured the alcohol trade. Conversely, some members, including Sir Joseph Ward, disputed Malcolm's assertions, stating that they were contrary to the facts. Several members, including Mr Taylor, sought amendments to ensure that national prohibition would require a majority of votes from all valid licensing polls, arguing that a bare majority could undermine the democratic process. Mr Wright was also critical of the three-fifths majority requirement for local options, advocating instead for equal voting rights where every single vote should hold equal weight. Discussions also saw voices against the principle of prohibition. Mr Bollard, for instance, defended moderation over outright prohibition, claiming that such measures would result in the oppression of citizens. The Prime Minister questioned the historical effectiveness of previous licensing laws, and Mr Russell pinpointed concerns about imposing different majority requirements based on the type of voting (local versus national), suggesting that localised license laws should remain. Amid these discussions, a crucial amendment was voted on, with the Prime Minister's change to replace the 55 percent clause with a three-fifths majority gaining approval by a margin of 50 to 25 votes. Additionally, a clause was introduced to prevent brewery depots within proximity to no-license districts, which included an exception for existing bottling warehouses. The session further included discussions surrounding potential voting rights for European electors in the King Country, where a proposal for a three-fifths majority to grant licenses was ultimately rejected. Meanwhile, representatives such as Mr Horsford and Mr Fisher pushed for new clauses to empower constables in enforcing liquor laws and to restrict certain landlord-tenant agreements concerning licensed premises. The Prime Minister's commitment to ensuring the Bill was scrutinised ahead of its final reading was evident, with suggestions to circulate amendments for review. As discussions wrapped up, the Bill was reported with the amendments made, signalling continued deliberations on a topic that sparked considerable contention among representatives concerned about public sentiment, the influence of the alcohol trade, and the principles of democracy. The House rose early on the morning of 12 November 1910, reflecting the long hours devoted to this critical piece of legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19101112_2_48_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19101112.2.48.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1866281400
7273,12,11,1910,"With The Side Show Folk (Press, 12 November 1910)","On 12 November 1910, the agricultural showground was bustling with a variety of entertainers, each vying and oftentimes struggling to grab the attention of the visitors. The atmosphere was alive with an array of methods aimed at parting guests from their money, prompting a reflection on the whereabouts of such entertainers during the off-season of agricultural shows. Among the attractions were numerous slot machines and a peculiar exhibit that promoted the chance to ""See Amy Bock in wax for a penny,"" which drew an unexpected crowd, mainly composed of ladies, while men tended to gravitate towards the stalls of Cheap Jack, where various inexpensive items were sold. A sense of camaraderie among young couples was palpable, with bashful boys purchasing cheap ""pearls"" for the object of their affection, amidst the teasing of their friends. In the true spirit of a side show, many entertainers attempted to attract patrons with outlandish promotional cries. Notably, one sarcastic gentleman appealingly invited attendees to ""kill the nigger"" but failed to generate interest, leading to his poor spirits about the lack of success. The garishness of the side shows was complemented by the attendees who presented themselves in traditional melodramatic attire, typically involving frock coats and top hats. Additionally, another entertainer boasted about his theatre, contrasting it with competitors of lesser quality, showcasing his pride despite only possessing a cat and a dog as his main attractions. The environment buzzed with shouts from the barkers—an informal term for side show orators—who frequently promised to forfeit money if their bold statements turned out to be untrue. One notable exhibit featured a group with the tagline of a lady and ""three piccaninies,"" which included humorous promotions that hinted at friendly competition and comedic jests for the comic relief of onlookers. Despite the attempts to draw crowds into the various shows, there remained a collective reluctance among visitors, often leading to humorous exchanges about the grandiose claims of the entertainers. In contrast, a bemedalled gentleman, embodying multi-talented flair, performed with a trumpet alongside verbal enticements, promising extraordinary performances inside his tent. The star of his attraction, a modestly dressed Japanese lady, was also double-tasking as she managed entrance fees. However, interest appeared to wane, showcasing a peculiar disconnect between the showmen's extravagant promotional efforts and the public's reception. Ultimately, as the day progressed, the throngs of people continued to move between the attractions, influenced by the haphazard blend of promises and performances. The show stood as a testament to the human penchant for amusement and adventure but also reminded attendees that the greatest enjoyment may very well lie in the anticipation of the spectacle itself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19101112_2_52_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19101112.2.52.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1866281400
7619,07,12,1911,"Magistrate's Court (Press, 7 December 1911)","On 7 December 1911, in the local court proceedings presided over by Mr H. W. Bishop, S.M. and other justices, several individuals faced various charges, resulting in a range of penalties. Frederick Armitage, also known as Alexander Augustus, admitted to stealing a lady's bicycle belonging to Zilpah Bartlett, valued at £5. He received a six-month imprisonment sentence and was ordered to undergo three years of reformative detention following his release. George Coppin pleaded guilty to three counts of obtaining liquor while under a prohibition order, and to charges of indecent and obscene language. Declared an habitual inebriate, he was sentenced to two years at Rotoroa. Joseph Ernest Nicholson was remanded until 9 December on four theft charges involving money. William Kemp, represented by Mr Donnelly, initially faced a charge of stealing a diamond ring from a dwelling but pleaded not guilty. The charge was downgraded to a theft conviction, resulting in a fine of 40 shillings, with one month’s imprisonment in default. Tom Selwood, also represented by Mr Donnelly, pleaded not guilty to two charges of indecently assaulting a male. The case was serious enough that he was committed for trial, with one charge being amended to sodomy. In by-law cases, Roy Twyneham and Philip John Smith were each fined 10 shillings for cycling at night without lights. In a separate case in Little River, Grey Skirper, a Māori individual, was prosecuted for illegally taking trout using a net in the Okute stream. After a police search of his boat revealed an additional trout that Skirper failed to account for, he denied the allegations. Subsequently, he was fined £4 and £1 in costs. In Amberley, W. Wilko, represented by Mr Hunter, sought £4 in compensation from S. Burrowes for his dog allegedly smothering two ewes and five lambs. The Magistrate ruled in favour of Wilko, awarding him the full amount claimed along with costs of £2 10s. In Waimate, H. Ernest Watson was fined £2 and costs for providing false information to a county heavy traffic inspector regarding straw loads. G. S. Meredith and Co. admitted guilt on four charges of breaching heavy traffic by-laws and received fines of 10 shillings and costs for each offence. William Quinn did not appear for two similar charges, resulting in him being fined £1 and costs on each count. These proceedings reflect a range of legal issues from theft and alcohol-related offences to animal control disputes and regulatory breaches, showcasing the court's ongoing efforts to uphold the law within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19111207_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19111207.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1832585400
7274,12,04,1913,"Personal Items. (Press, 12 April 1913)","On 12 April 1913, various notable movements and events were reported in New Zealand. The Hon. R. Hoaton Rhodes, the Postmaster-General, and his private secretary, Mr W. Crowe, departed for Wellington. Mr W. H. Triggs also left for the same destination, highlighting the busy political landscape. Several arrivals were noted in town, including Mr S. Lawrence, Mr T. E. Woods from London, Mr H. L. Saulwick from New York, Mr A. T. Hawko from Invercargill, Mr James Burko from Sydney, Mr J. C. Fraser from Wellington, Mr J. E. Hardey from Dunedin, and Mr J. A. Murdoch from Kumara. Additionally, Mr Leonard Dorreon, who had spent six years in the United States, returned to Christchurch after his time spent attending a university controlled by the Churches of Christ. He is currently on a short holiday in New Zealand. In other local news, Mr Hugo Friedlander, the Chairman of the Lyttleton Harbour Board, was reported to be ill due to the effects of ptomaine poisoning. Superintendent Warner of the Christchurch Fire Brigade has recently undergone surgery and is expected to be off duty for a week. The report also mentioned the arrival in Wellington of Mrs Charles M. Alexander, the wife of an evangelist. She had been recuperating in Australia following a serious operation in December and is now fully recovered, ready to resume her mission work. In law enforcement updates, Detective Sergeant Hunt is set to transfer to Christchurch after a long and successful twenty-two-year career in the police force, including eight years as a detective. He has handled many significant cases, including the notable Amy Bock case. Finally, Mr M. C. Kenne, the associate editor of the ""Dominion,"" who is about to shift to a similar role at ""The Press,"" was honoured at a farewell dinner hosted by close friends and colleagues, most of whom were journalists. The gathering was presided over by Mr S. Jonkinson, an old friend from college. During the event, only one toast was presented—to Mr Kenne—by the chairman and supported by Mr C. W. Earle, editor of the ""Dominion,"" along with others who acknowledged Mr Kenne's dedication and personal qualities. The chairman also gifted Mr Kenne beautifully bound books as a token of appreciation for his contributions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19130412_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19130412.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1790076600
7414,25,04,1914,"Science From An Easy Chair. (Press, 25 April 1914)","On 25 April 1914, a detailed article explores the concept of courtship presenting parallels between animal behaviours and human relationships. Sin Ray Lankkstep, the author, suggests that observing animals can reveal insights into human behaviours rooted in our animal ancestry. The article highlights that courtship, characterised by the male's pursuit of the female, is not unique to higher animals but can be observed amongst various life forms including plants, insects, and even unicellular organisms. The process of reproduction, often involving the detachment of parts of an organism, is discussed as a method by which many organisms, including plants and certain animals, can create new individuals. Although many can reproduce asexually, there remains significant evolutionary advantage in sexual reproduction—the fusion of male and female cells—leading to increased genetic variation. This is crucial for adaptation and survival in changing environments. Lankkstep describes the phenomenon of conjugation among unicellular organisms, where two similar cells can fuse to create a new individual. This blending of genetic material produces offsprings with traits from both parent organisms, essential for maintaining genetic diversity. Highlighting examples from simple aquatic organisms, Lankkstep explains how these processes set foundational behaviours for courtship seen in higher animals. The article further delves into the distinction between male and female mating cells, with males typically being active and mobile, seeking out females, who are often more passive and nurturing. This sexual dimorphism is reflected not only in unicellular creatures but also in many multicellular organisms, where distinct behaviours during the mating process become apparent. Courtship rituals are illustrated through the behaviours of various animal species, particularly focusing on the more complex and ritualistic displays seen in birds and mammals. These behaviours, while instinctual, also engage a higher level of cognitive processing unique to humans. The author acknowledges the implications of memory and consciousness in humans, contrasting them with the instinctual behaviours observed in animals. While many animal actions appear mechanistic, humans, endowed with greater memory and consciousness, navigate social relationships with a mix of instinct and learned behaviour. The piece concludes by endorsing a book by Mr Pycraft on animal courtship, promising to provide more detailed accounts of courtship behaviours across species, thus encouraging readers to deepen their understanding of these complex interactions both in the animal kingdom and beyond.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19140425_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19140425.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1757417400
6547,26,09,1914,"Monologues Of A Colonial Professor. (Press, 26 September 1914)","On 26 September 1914, a notable news story highlighted the contributions of Professor T. G. Tucker, an eminent figure who had left New Zealand for a significant position as a Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Melbourne. The article reflects on Tucker's broad cultural knowledge, teaching prowess, and influential social presence. His eloquence, alongside his ability to engage audiences with stimulating lectures on literature and related topics, marked him as a valuable asset to the Melbourne community. The publication of a collection of his addresses titled ""Platform Monologues"" was well-received. This volume covers an array of themes, including ""The Supreme Literary Gift,"" ""Hebraism or Hellenism,"" and discussions on two of Tennyson's successors, John Davidson and William Watson, as well as essays on ""The Making of a Shakespeare,"" ""Literature and Life,"" and ""The Future of Poetry."" In his essay ""The Supreme Literary Gift,"" Tucker argues that true literary talent is the ability to articulate even the most complex ideas clearly. This thesis is supported by various examples from distinguished writers, and the work is deemed particularly beneficial for students of literature. His exploration of ""Literature and Life"" is similarly insightful, while his discussion on ""The Future of Poetry"" challenges Macaulay's claim that in a rational age, creativity in poetry would dwindle. Tucker passionately asserts that poetry will endure as long as humanity grapples with emotions and life's mysteries, envisioning its continued presence until perfection is achieved in human life and understanding. The article also mentions Tucker's work ""Sappho,"" which offers a thoughtful analysis of the ancient Greek poetess. Here, Tucker cautiously defends Sappho against various historical misrepresentations, suggesting that biases from later periods have unjustly tarnished her reputation. He acknowledges the social moral decline in subsequent Greek and Roman times and criticizes the exaggerated views fostered by comic dramatists of Athens, asserting they have led to misconceptions about Sappho and her peers. Tucker defines Sappho’s poetic quality as characterized by ""supreme art without artificiality,"" highlighting her truthful connection to natural feelings, combined with captivating charm. In summary, the article not only celebrates Professor Tucker's intellectual contributions to literature and education but also emphasises his argument for the enduring vitality of poetry and offers an appreciation of Sappho's role in the literary canon.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19140926_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19140926.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1744111800
7275,02,05,1919,"Sydney People Duped (Press, 2 May 1919)","A young woman from Sydney recently gained notoriety for her elaborate deception, posing as a French lady to con several prominent individuals. Released from Long Bay prison on probation, the woman, despite not being conventionally attractive, was described as clever and charming. She fabricated a story in which she claimed to be a French girl engaged to an Australian soldier stationed in France, and pretended to have just arrived in Sydney on the ship Niagara. To further her deceit, she visited a family in Neutral Bay, claiming to have left her luggage with friends and fabricating tales about her noble lineage and her role as a motor ambulance driver in France. To support her narrative, she showcased a medal, purporting it to be the Médaille de Péronne, and captivated her hosts, leading them to host a tea party in her honour. As she mingled with society ladies who attempted to converse in French, she claimed to be more comfortable in English, causing some embarrassment for those around her. The impostor cleverly approached solicitors, claiming her luggage was lost and persuading them to lend her money, assuring them that she was known to the police. The solicitors, believing her story, were led to think she was a genuine client, which added credibility to her fabrications. Upon further deception, she even charmed the brother of a well-known Sydney man, prompting him to spend money on her after hearing her story of a promised engagement. Her downfall began when she was expected to meet a woman freshly returned from France. When this woman conversed in French, the impostor struggled to respond convincingly, leading to suspicions about her identity. After being challenged about her claims regarding the Médaille de Péronne, her story began to unravel. She fled but failed to escape the consequences of her actions. Later, the woman deceived a doctor into believing she was engaged to his brother, but her ruse was eventually discovered. She was subsequently apprehended and returned to prison to serve her sentence. The case has drawn parallels with past New Zealand impostors, reigniting interest in the exploits of individuals who fabricate identities and stories for personal gain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19190502_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19190502.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1599046200
4086,29,05,1920,"C. E. Mackay Sentenced. (Press, 29 May 1920)","On 29 May 1920, Charles Evan Mackay was sentenced to fifteen years of imprisonment for attempted murder at the Supreme Court in Wanganui. Mackay had pleaded guilty to the charge, and his counsel, Mr Treadwell, explained that this decision was made after considerable reflection and responsibility was assumed by him and his colleague, Mr McEeth. Treadwell made it clear that there was no blame to be assigned to another individual, Cresswell, involved in the incident, asserting that Cresswell should be commended for his character and actions. In his address, Treadwell highlighted Mackay's distinguished background, describing him as a person of considerable academic achievement, a member of a respected profession, and a previous holder of a prominent position in the community. This stark contrast between Mackay's prior status and his current predicament was noted as significant. Treadwell suggested that the root cause of Mackay's actions could be attributed to his long-standing struggles with homosexual monomania, which had led to considerable mental strain, particularly exacerbated by the fear of exposure. The court was informed that Mackay had taken steps to seek help from medical professionals and metaphysicians to address his mental health issues. Treadwell portrayed his client as having acted impulsively during a moment of distress, influenced by ongoing mental health difficulties. Justice Sir Robert Stout addressed Mackay directly, expressing sorrow over his situation. He had known Mackay and his family for many years and acknowledged Mackay's past academic brilliance and successful career. However, Justice Stout emphasized the importance of the sanctity of human life, indicating that any attack on life must be taken seriously. He reflected on the community's need to uphold justice to ensure safety and order. Ultimately, Sir Robert Stout expressed hope that Mackay could redeem himself, considering his guilty plea a positive step toward rehabilitation. Nonetheless, he imposed a sentence of fifteen years with hard labour, underscoring the serious nature of the crime and the necessity of justice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19200529_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19200529.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1565091000
7276,17,07,1920,"Italian Woman Poses As A Man. (Press, 17 July 1920)","An unusual case of gender masquerade has emerged in Sydney involving an Italian woman named Eugene Falleni, who has been arrested on a murder charge. This case bears a resemblance to the Bock case in New Zealand from 1908, where Amy Bock, a woman posing as a man, swindled and married a young woman before being apprehended. Eugene Falleni, born in Italy, married a man named Martello before relocating with him and later their daughter to New Zealand. She later left Martello, who is believed to still be in New Zealand, and moved to Sydney with her daughter, both finding employment. Shortly after, Falleni adopted male attire and assumed the name Harry Roach, working as a ""generally useful"" individual. While living in Wahroonga, Falleni met a widow named Annie Birkett, who had a 14-year-old son. Birkett eventually married Falleni, unaware of her true identity. Their life together was shrouded in secrecy, leading to speculation that Birkett was coerced into compliance regarding her husband’s deception. In October 1917, Birkett disappeared under mysterious circumstances, leaving her son confused about her whereabouts. In the same month and year, a charred, decomposed body of a middle-aged woman was found in a bush near a paper mill in Drummoyne-Wahroonga. Despite police investigations, the identity of the body remained a mystery, and an open verdict was returned by the Coroner. The case saw renewed interest when Birkett's son encountered a relative of his mother and recounted the circumstances of her disappearance. This led to an investigation by the police, who pieced together various clues that culminated in Falleni’s arrest in Annandale. She was charged with murder and appeared in court on 11 July 1920. Described as slight and hollow-chested, Falleni's masculine appearance made it difficult for authorities and observers to recognise her as a woman. The inquiry into the mysterious disappearance of Annie Birkett and the subsequent developments in Falleni's case has drawn significant attention, reviving concerns about deception and identity, reminiscent of the notorious Bock case from over a decade earlier in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19200717_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19200717.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1560857400
7757,12,06,1925,"Escape Of A Prisoner. (Press, 12 June 1925)","On 11 June 1925, Walter Batterbee, a prisoner serving an eleven-year sentence for sexual offences, escaped from New Plymouth prison. He was part of a work gang assigned near the prison and took advantage of the opportunity to procure tools to make his getaway. As of the report, Batterbee remains at large following his escape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19250612_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19250612.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1406115000
7758,15,01,1926,"General News. (Press, 15 January 1926)","On 15 January 1926, it was reported that the final pile for the Sumner bridge had been driven, with plans for the bridge to open for use in early February. The Railway Department announced extra express train services between Christchurch and Dunedin, scheduled to depart at 9.10 a.m. from Christchurch and 9.5 a.m. from Dunedin on the weekdays of the coming week. Positive feedback was noted regarding the application of the bitumen hot seal method on the Fendalton tramway line, praised by motorists for creating a soft, dust-free road surface as trams passed. This method is also being implemented on the Riccarton road line between the Hospital and West Belt. Statistics revealed that there were 1,074 births registered in urban areas across New Zealand in December, a slight decrease from November's figure of 1,086. Meanwhile, deaths increased to 507 in December, marking a rise of 33 from the prior month, with male deaths numbering 256 and female deaths 251. Among the deceased, 51 were children under the age of five, which constituted 10.06% of the total, with 39 of these being infants under one year. A historical discovery was made in Rotorua Lake, where an old gun was found submerged in shallow water near Mokoia. Although the barrel was significantly rusted, the stock and brass fittings remained intact. The brass shoulder plate bore the date 1842 and other markings, raising curiosity about how long the item had been submerged. In a display of generosity, visitors at a concert at the New Plymouth prison spontaneously threw cigarettes and tobacco to the performing prisoners, despite it being against regulations. The audience hoped that the authorities would permit the prisoners to enjoy these unexpected gifts. Reports indicated that before the previous year, Wellington had few passenger buses operating on a timetable, with significant competition against tramways developing only in the winter months. Currently, the city had thirty-five buses operating on its streets, not including services to various suburbs. Among these, five were designated for long-distance travel, eight were sightseeing buses, and eleven were operated by the Tramways Department. Finally, Armstrongs' Summer Sale was highlighted, claiming to feature significant discounts on new summer stock. The sale was described as unprecedented in scale, with customers encouraged to take advantage of the deep price cuts available at their shops in Victoria Square and High Street.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19260115_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19260115.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1387366200
7718,25,02,1929,"Modern Censorship Problems. (Press, 25 February 1929)","On 22 February 1929, Eric Partridge, a prominent figure from Hawke's Bay, New Zealand, who founded the Scholartis Press in Bloomsbury, faced significant controversy following police intervention. The police confiscated copies of a novel titled ""The Sleeveless Errand"" by Norah James under the Obscene Publications Act, highlighting the ongoing challenges around literary censorship. Additionally, the incident raised broader questions about censorship, particularly following the seizure of a manuscript by well-known author D.H. Lawrence. His work, titled ""Pansies,"" was intercepted while being sent from Italy and was also taken under the authority of the Home Office. This incident is expected to provoke a challenge in the House of Commons regarding the actions taken by the Home Secretary, underscoring the mounting debate over literary freedom and censorship in the UK.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19290225_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19290225.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1289131200
7611,31,03,1931,"Hair Dresser's Death. (Press, 31 March 1931)","On 30 March 1931, Ronald Jack Gayfer, a 41-year-old hairdresser and tobacconist from Carterton, was found hanged in his shop. According to reports, he had appeared to carry on with his daily routine prior to the incident, even conversing with a friend. After this brief interaction, he closed and locked the shop before taking his own life by hanging himself using a strap over a cross beam. His body was discovered approximately an hour later. Efforts were made to revive him through artificial respiration, but unfortunately, they were unsuccessful. The tragic event has left the community in shock, as it was unexpected given Gayfer's normal demeanour earlier in the day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19310331_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19310331.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1223119800
7759,21,08,1936,"More Offences (Press, 21 August 1936)","The annual report of the Prisons Department released on 21 August 1936 highlighted a concerning trend of increasing sexual offences, contributing to a slight rise in overall offences against the person. In response to this issue, all homosexual offenders have been transferred to a special institution in New Plymouth, under the supervision of Dr. Sydney Allen, a mental health specialist. The General of Prisons, Mr. B.J. Dallaro, praised the efforts of this institution, noting a significant change in the treatment approach for these offenders. Dr. Allen revealed that while the institution does not claim to 'cure' inmates of their sexual abnormalities, its methods have been effective in altering their mentalities. He reported that out of the inmates discharged since the implementation of this regime, only four have re-offended. This suggests that the treatment has helped offenders gain better control over their impulses, allowing them to reintegrate into society without committing further crimes. The treatment protocol begins with a comprehensive psychological examination for each offender upon their arrival at the institution. Dr. Allen emphasised the importance of understanding the individual psychology of the inmates, dedicating considerable time to learn about their personal issues. He highlighted that each inmate was required to report not only for physical assessments but also for any mental challenges they faced. Dr. Allen advocated for a structured environment that provided distraction and engagement for the inmates. All inmates, barring those with physical limitations, were encouraged to partake in organised physical activities under the guidance of a trained instructor who was also an inmate. Furthermore, the institution encouraged any talents for public performance, allowing individuals to pursue interests in singing, recitation, or instrumental music. A band made up of inmates has been active for several years, showcasing the talents developed through this environment. The institution has seen examples of inmates who have excelled in various artistic fields or engaged deeply in academic pursuits. These activities, conducted voluntarily and outside the usual prison routine, are said to have a significant positive impact on the mental health of the inmates, providing them with continuous psychological treatment. This supportive framework aims to prepare inmates for a smoother transition back into society after serving their sentences, fostering a sense of accomplishment and self-control that may reduce the likelihood of re-offending. Overall, the report indicates a progressive shift in the treatment of sexual offenders, focusing on rehabilitation and psychological support rather than mere punishment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19360821_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19360821.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1052911800
6847,28,01,1939,"Old Otago (Press, 28 January 1939)","In “Early Days in Dunedin,” Robert Gilkison offers a look into the early history of Dunedin, following his previous work, “Early Days in Central Otago.” While the newer book lacks the same coherence in its subject matter and exhibits a somewhat less vigorous writing style, it still provides valuable insights through a collection of articles. Drawing from his recollection and extensive research into historical records and newspapers, Gilkison presents a fascinating account of Dunedin's past. Three articles stand out as particularly noteworthy. The first delves into the life of Provincial Superintendent Macandrew, highlighting his self-sacrifice for the betterment of the burgeoning settlement at the cost of his own wealth and freedom. The second article focuses on the judges of the period, who were notable figures that played a critical role in establishing key judicial traditions in the region. The third and most compelling piece discusses the explorers who ventured into Central and Western Otago, revealing much new information and enriching the narrative of the area’s discovery and development. Gilkinson also covers a range of sensational events in Dunedin's history, including criminal acts by figures such as Captain Jarvey, a murderer from the 1860s, and Amy Bock, a notable transvestite of the time. Stories of wrecks, riots, prison breaks, and fires contribute to a vivid picture of a community that appeared turbulent and adventurous. Despite this, the narrative hints at the many upright citizens who contributed positively to Dunedin’s commercial and ecclesiastical prominence, even if they did not always capture the public's attention or become subjects of scandal. The final chapter shines a light on one of Dunedin's most esteemed figures, Dr. Stuart, presenting him as an embodiment of the noble character of the city's residents. Overall, while ""Early Days in Dunedin"" may not reach the heights of its predecessor, it still serves as an important historical account, offering a blend of intriguing personalities and events that shaped the early days of the city.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19390128_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19390128.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-976017600
4087,07,02,1940,"Heavy Criminal Calendar (Press, 7 February 1940)","On 6 February 1940, the Chief Justice of New Zealand, the Rt. Hon. Sir Michael Myers, addressed the Grand Jury at the commencement of the criminal sessions in Auckland. During his speech, he expressed regret at the prevalence of crime in the Auckland district, contrasting it with the expectation of congratulating the community for a decline in criminal activity. Sir Michael highlighted that out of 24 cases slated for the session, involving 26 individuals, a concerning trend was evident: there were 10 sexual offences among them, notably involving girls under the age of 16. Alarmingly, two of the cases involved girls who were under 12 years old. Additionally, there were two cases concerning homosexual offences. He remarked on the seriousness of these offences and the impact they have on the community. Furthermore, he provided context to the issue by referencing the last three months, during which 73 individuals had received sentences from the Court. Out of those, 11 cases were categorized as sexual offences. This addressed the ongoing concern of sexual crimes within the region, underscoring a troubling pattern that the judicial system was grappling with. The Chief Justice's observations served to highlight a significant societal issue, emphasizing the need for community awareness and response to such crimes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19400207_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19400207.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-943617600
4088,16,04,1940,"Instruction By Films (Press, 16 April 1940)","On 16 April 1940, a report detailed the training methods employed by the Royal Air Force (R.A.F.) for pilots engaged in combat against German aircraft. The account highlights the use of combat footage taken during actual aerial engagements for training purposes. This innovative technique allows British pilots to learn from their experiences by analysing films that capture their actions and the outcomes of their confrontations with enemy raiders. During a visit to a Fighter Command Station in Scotland, King George VI was shown films of R.A.F. pilots intercepting and shooting down German aircraft. These films are recorded using a cine-camera that is triggered to operate automatically in conjunction with the aircraft's weaponry, documenting the precise trajectory of the bullets fired. After engaging in combat, the fighter planes are refuelled, re-armed, and their cameras are reloaded. The collected footage is promptly developed, enabling pilots to review their performances and learn from their experiences. The films provide a visual retrospective of the encounters, with on-screen markers indicating the gun-sight's accuracy and the enemy's firing trajectory, allowing pilots to scrutinise their tactics and decision-making. Observations from these films are collated, and patterns of successful and less successful engagements are assessed. Pilots who exhibit deficiencies may undergo targeted instructional courses to address specific issues. Additionally, experts analyse footage to discern details about enemy aircraft, including type, weaponry, speed, and manoeuvrability. The report also notes that while the British pilots engage in tactical evaluations, the Germans are seen as persistently advancing their propaganda and influence under the direction of Joseph Goebbels. The piece touches on the broader implications of propaganda and its role in warfare, citing how it has been employed historically to manipulate public perception and weaken enemy resolve. The narrative illustrates the psychological strategies used by the Nazis to destabilise opposition, as outlined by Adolf Hitler in his ambitions to employ propaganda as a weapon of war. In this context, Hitler's methods for gathering intelligence on prominent individuals, including their vulnerabilities, are examined. This intelligence-gathering aimed to build networks of influence and disarm potential opposition through various means, including blackmail or seduction. The overarching theme underscores a period characterised by intense aerial combat, innovative training techniques, and the intricate interplay of propaganda and warfare, both in the air and in political realms. The significance of these developments in the ongoing conflict is emphasised, demonstrating how both tactical prowess and psychological warfare are key components in the ongoing battle against the German threat.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19400416_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19400416.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-937656000
7719,21,10,1947,"British Fascist Organisation (Press, 21 October 1947)","On 18 October 1947, the leader of the British League of Ex-Service-men, Edward Jeffrey Hamm, faced legal action following a controversial meeting in East London. The incident occurred at the East London Jewish centre in Dalston, where supporters of Hamm's league found the platform occupied by the Revolutionary Communist Party. The Communists had arrived early in the morning, sustaining themselves with tea from local residents, and maintained a presence overnight to challenge Hamm's meeting. During Hamm’s speech, which lasted over an hour, he declared himself a British nationalist and a Fascist, prompting significant interruptions from the Communists in attendance. The unrest led to the arrest of a female audience member by the police. Following the uproar, Hamm was brought before a magistrate in North London, who bound him over for 12 months after hearing that Hamm had used insulting language likely to incite a breach of the peace during a prior meeting on 14 September. Hamm, 32 years old, defended himself by claiming that he had previously been detained by British authorities during World War II and sent to South Africa. He denied that the league's purpose was to provoke the Dalston community and asserted that it did not endorse Nazi ideology. Furthermore, he stated that the disturbances stemmed from a group opposing his meetings, who were based in Bayswater. Hamm voiced a belief that Communism was influenced by Jewish interests but firmly denied that racialism was part of his league's agenda. The magistrate determined that Hamm's remarks during a separate speech on 21 September did not constitute an offence, as they did not specifically target Jews. However, he found Hamm's description of the meeting's disruptors as “pale pink palpitating pansies” during his September 14 speech unacceptable, as it crossed the limits of free expression. As Hamm left the court, the crowd expressed mixed reactions of boos and cheers, reflecting the divisive atmosphere surrounding the East London political tensions at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19471021_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19471021.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-700574400
4089,26,07,1949,"Inquest Verdict At Auckland (Press, 26 July 1949)","The inquest into the death of Alfred Edgar Edney, a 60-year-old dancing teacher, concluded on 26 July 1949 with the Coroner returning a verdict of suicide by a self-administered overdose of sleeping tablets. Edney's body was discovered on 21 May in a flat next to his studio. Eyewitnesses testified about bloodstains found in his living space, and witnesses indicated he had been injured prior to his death, specifically noting a blackened eye. William Jeffrey-Adams, a close friend of Edney for 14 years, stated he had never seen Edney show romantic interest in women, noting his temperamental and artistic nature. The discovery of a note left by Edney addressed ""For you, Bill,"" accompanied by £200, suggested premeditated intentions; Adams was the only ""Bill"" close to him who did not owe money. The Coroner’s investigation noted that Edney had been in New Zealand since 1914 and had served in the First World War, where he was later pensioned. Senior Detective W. R. Fell highlighted that Edney was associated with male pupils, with 21 stating he had acted inappropriately, which led some to discontinue lessons. However, there was insufficient evidence to confirm a motive for his death. The toxicology report indicated 6.6 grains of nembutal found in Edney's system, and Dr. F. J. Cairman confirmed the cause of death as nembutal poisoning. The circumstances around his death indicated a fatal dose was consumed close in time to an injury incurred from an unknown assailant, but police found no firm evidence linking the assailant to a clear motive or identity. The Coroner suggested Edney's decision not to seek help after his injury and subsequently consuming the sleeping tablets indicated he was aware he was taking a fatal dose, possibly to escape an impending scandal. The presence of unexplained blood and an untraced visitor during his last hours seemed to indicate foul play; yet, it remained uncertain whether this was linked to a potential suicide. Ultimately, the Coroner's conclusion stressed that Edney had indeed opted to terminate his own life, even without any clear evidence of why. Insufficient assistance was sought after the injury, leading to the belief that Edney made a conscious decision to die.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19490726_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19490726.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-644932800
7725,27,05,1950,"Academic Freedom (Press, 27 May 1950)","In a letter to the editor published on 27 May 1950, Godfrey Wilson expresses concerns about the implications of police involvement in public meetings, particularly in response to comments made by C. M. Clark and Professor Percival. Wilson critiques Clark for labelling the situation as a “witch-hunt” and “fascism” while accusing Percival of focusing too narrowly on legalities. He urges staff, students, and the public to look beyond these perspectives, highlighting the issue at stake. Wilson points out that the absence of comment from the Minister of Police on a prior complaint indicates that the presence of a senior-detective at the meeting had ulterior motives beyond mere clarification of thoughts on freedom. He stresses that while police may attend public gatherings and students must adhere to laws, policemen out of uniform act as secret agents, which raises concerns about their intentions and the broader implications for society. He likens these covert roles to those seen in authoritarian regimes, suggesting that the presence of such agents signifies a troubling societal condition. Wilson characterises this condition as one of political unconsciousness, warning that uncritical acceptance of state actions could threaten individual freedoms, potentially relegating such freedoms to mere theoretical discussions devoid of real-world application. His letter concludes with a call for vigilance and critical engagement with state authority to preserve genuine freedom.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19500527_2_24_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19500527.2.24.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-618580800
4090,15,11,1952,"Literary Views And Reviews (Press, 15 November 1952)","The review discusses Thor Heyerdahl's significant works, particularly ""The Kon-Tiki Expedition"" and its follow-up, ""American Indians in the Pacific."" ""The Kon-Tiki Expedition,"" which has sold over 414,000 copies by 1952, details an adventurous journey undertaken by Heyerdahl to test the theory of potential connections between early Polynesia and pre-Columbian Peru. He demonstrated that it was feasible to reach Polynesia by using a balsa raft launched from Peru, stirring considerable interest in the migratory origins of the Polynesians. This initial success led to the creation of ""American Indians in the Pacific,"" which elaborates on migration theories surrounding the peopling of the eastern Pacific islands. Heyerdahl contends that Polynesians have a diverse ancestry, asserting that the Maori-Polynesian strain has origins linked to North-West Indians from British Columbia, tracing back to eastern Asia. He suggests that Polynesians encountered two earlier groups upon their arrival in the Pacific: one indigenous group, likely Melanesian, and another Caucasoid group from Peru. To support his claims, Heyerdahl employs evidence from various disciplines, including physical and cultural anthropology, ethno-botany, and archaeology. He critically examines existing theories that posited an Indonesian origin for Polynesians, ultimately suggesting they are a product of complex migrations that include influences from the North-West Pacific, rather than a straightforward west-to-east journey from Asia. The reviewer highlights that Heyerdahl’s exploration is driven not just by a desire to challenge established viewpoints, but also by a vested interest in validating a hypothesis he has long held. The book is positioned as a monumental contribution to the ongoing debate about Polynesian origins, drawing from a wide range of sources and perspectives. In summary, the reviewed works by Thor Heyerdahl underscore a significant discourse in anthropological studies about the settlements of the Pacific Islands, reflecting both adventure and scholarly inquiry that resonates with a broad audience beyond traditional academic circles. The mounting public interest in these theories has enabled Heyerdahl's works to reach acclaim and provoke thoughtful consideration of our understanding of human migration and cultural exchanges across the oceans.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19521115_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19521115.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-540561600
4091,10,01,1953,"Nijinsky’s Last Years (Press, 10 January 1953)","In her biography ""The Last Years of Nijinsky,"" Romola Nijinsky recounts the difficult final years of her husband, Vaslav Nijinsky, the renowned ballet dancer who struggled with mental illness. After the couple wed in September 1913, their lives became entwined with the tumultuous world of ballet and the fallout of Nijinsky's mental health decline, which ultimately led to his battle with schizophrenia. Romola vividly portrays her unwavering devotion and the immense challenges she faced as she attempted to care for Vaslav in the face of societal pressure and the opinions of medical professionals who urged her to institutionalise him. Nijinsky was a celebrated artist until World War I, but after this period, his mental health began deteriorating. Romola describes how, despite warnings from renowned psychiatrist Professor Bleuler, she resolved to care for her husband herself, fully aware of the exceptional effort it required. The book addresses possible causes for Nijinsky's condition, suggesting a hereditary predisposition, noting that his brother also suffered from mental illness. As the couple faced the horrors of World War II, Romola’s narrative touches on their harrowing life in Hungary under Nazi rule. She feared not only for her husband's safety but also for the dire implications of being classified as insane during such a tumultuous time. Despite the constant struggle for survival, Romola clung to hope, believing that after the war, Vaslav would reclaim his status as an artist. At the end of the war, under the new Russian occupation in Hungary, Nijinsky exhibited signs of improvement. Influenced by the cultural connections to his homeland and the validation from Russian soldiers celebrating traditional dances, he began to communicate more openly with Romola. In a poignant reflection, she acknowledges that isolating him from the world exacerbated his illness and expresses regret for not introducing him to his home country sooner when he was in a better state of mind. Eventually, in 1947, the Nijinskys relocated to Britain, finding a semblance of comfort and security among old friends. However, Nijinsky's health continued to decline, and he passed away before Romola could realise her hope of starting a new life in America. Through this biography, Romola Nijinsky shares her intimate experiences, triumphs, and heartbreaks—ultimately illustrating the enduring love and determination that defined her relationship with one of ballet's most exceptional talents. Arnold Haskell's remark, drawing a parallel between Nijinsky and the character Petrouchka, poignantly captures the essence of the tragic yet passionate narrative that Romola unfolds.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19530110_2_20_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19530110.2.20.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-535723200
4092,14,04,1953,"Memorial To King (Press, 14 April 1953)","On 12 April 1953, a new memorial dedicated to King George VI was unveiled at the Queen’s Chapel of Savoy in London. This presentation was made by the Queen herself and marks a significant addition to the historic chapel located near the Strand. The memorial is designed as a stained glass window, featuring an image of a Bible resting on a cushion, symbolic of the King’s practice of reading scriptural passages daily. The window consists of seven distinct sections, with the depiction of the Bible on the cushion being specifically requested by the Queen. One prominent section of the stained glass represents the King seated on the Throne, crowned with the Crown of State. Accompanying this image are symbolic items like the Sword of State and the Sceptre, which are crossed over the Orb below. Other sections of the window illustrate the Royal arms and other heraldic symbols related to the monarchy. In a separate matter discussed on the same date, it was revealed in Washington that since 1947, a total of 425 employees from the American State Department have been dismissed. The dismissals have been attributed to various issues, including allegations concerning homosexual tendencies. These figures were presented to the House of Representatives Appropriations Committee, bringing attention to the ongoing scrutiny and standards within the State Department's employment practices as articulated by John W. Ford, the Director of the State Department's Office of Security.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19530414_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19530414.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-527601600
4093,18,12,1953,"Trial Of Peer (Press, 18 December 1953)","On 16 December 1953, a jury at the Winchester Assizes acquitted 27-year-old Lord Montagu of a serious charge related to a homosexual offence against a 14-year-old boy scout. However, they were unable to reach a verdict on a lesser charge of indecent assault. The trial, overseen by Mr Justice Lynskey, had commenced on 14 December and included a request to keep the names of the minors involved confidential. During their deliberations, the jury spent 40 minutes considering the evidence before requesting to hear from a fourth member of the bathing party associated with the alleged offences. Mr Justice Lynskey denied this request as the individual had not been called to testify by either the prosecution or defence, emphasising that the jury had to base their decision solely on the evidence presented. After deliberating for an additional hour and a half, the jury acquitted Lord Montagu of the more serious charge, indicating a division on the lesser charge with seven jurors in favour of conviction and five opposed. As a result, the judge discharged the jury and decided to postpone further proceedings. The case on the lesser charge is scheduled to be retried at the next Assizes in March 1954, with a new jury set to examine the allegations against Lord Montagu.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19531218_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19531218.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-506174400
4094,27,02,1954,"Two Studies In Romanticism (Press, 27 February 1954)","On 27 February 1954, a review was published regarding two significant works on Romantic poetry, highlighting their contributions and drawbacks in the field of literary analysis. The first book, authored by Mr Humphrey House, focuses on the renowned poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. House aims to dissect the intricacies of Coleridge’s character and thought processes while offering an extensive analysis of his major poems, particularly exploring the poet's doctrine of imagination. The review acknowledges House's brilliance in depicting Coleridge's agile and perceptive mind, noting that his insights mimic the poet's own reflective processes. House's examination of Coleridge's style and his relationship with late eighteenth-century poetry, specifically his connections to Cowper, is praised for its depth and clarity. However, the reviewer expresses some reservations about House's interpretations of ""The Ancient Mariner"" and ""Kubla Khan,"" suggesting that they may be overly influenced by other literary critiques. Still, the review commends House for his insights regarding ""Christabel"" and the ""Rejection Ode,"" for which he provides a complete version as an appendix. The reviewer concludes that a more comprehensive understanding of Coleridge's work awaits the eventual publication of the Coleridge notebooks, which have plagued scholars with their slow editing process. The second book reviewed is by Sir Herbert Read, which is divided into two parts. In the first half, Read elaborates on his well-known idea of ""organic form"" in poetry, asserting that this concept was a significant discovery by the Romantics. However, the reviewer finds Read's argument increasingly problematic, with the term ""form"" becoming vague and lacking precise definition. The review appreciates Read's observations about rhythm and diction when he departs from his broader thesis, suggesting that these moments produce more valuable insights. In the second part of Read's book, which includes reprinted essays, the review points out that these writings, except for a perceptive essay on Byron, offer little value. Read attempts to align Coleridge's criticism with existentialist thought, but the reviewer criticises this approach, particularly his attempt to connect Wordsworth with Kierkegaard's philosophy through a visionary experience. The reviewer suggests that while the essence of mystery and intuition is present in Wordsworth's work, linking him with existentialism is an overreach. Finally, the essay “In Defence of Shelley,” which argues Shelley’s supposed repressed homosexuality, is described as flawed. The reviewer feels that while Shelley’s contribution as a great poet deserves defending in times of criticism, the arguments presented by Read are insufficient and misguided. The review underscores the need for more founded defence of Shelley’s legacy, indicating that the contemporary analysis should move beyond Read’s approaches. Overall, the review presents a critical perspective on these works, acknowledging their intellectual efforts while also calling attention to their inadequacies in appraisal and scholarship.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540227_2_13_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540227.2.13.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-500040000
4095,26,03,1954,"Peer Sent To Prison (Press, 26 March 1954)","On 24 March 1954, an all-male jury at the Hampshire Assizes convicted three men of homosexual offences involving two Royal Air Force servicemen. The jury’s verdict followed an eight-day hearing, culminating in the sentencing of the defendants. Among those found guilty was 27-year-old Lord Montagu, who received a 12-month prison sentence. Michael Pitt-Rivers, aged 37 and a second cousin to Lord Montagu, along with 30-year-old Peter Wildeblood, a journalist from London, were each sentenced to 18 months in jail, reflecting the more severe nature of their charges. This case marked a significant moment in British legal history as it was the first instance in which a British peer had been convicted in a criminal court since the repeal of the right for peers to be tried by their fellow peers in the House of Lords. Mr Justice Ormerod, during sentencing, highlighted the gravity of the offences, stating it was ""quite impossible for these offences to be passed over,"" while also noting that he was imposing the most lenient sentences he could. The jury deliberated for four and a half hours before reaching their verdict. The case drew considerable public interest due to its implications for the legal treatment of homosexuality in Britain during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540326_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540326.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-497707200
4096,25,08,1954,"Murder Charge (Press, 25 August 1954)","On 25 August 1954, the trial of Pauline Yvonne Parker, 16, and Juliet Marion Hulme, 15, continued as they faced charges for the murder of Honora Mary Parker, Pauline’s mother, which occurred on June 22, 1954, in Christchurch. The defence introduced an insanity plea, claiming the girls were mentally ill rather than ""dirty-minded little girls,"" as described by the prosecution. Defence attorney Mr. T. A. Gresson asserted their homosexuality was a symptom of their mental illness. The trial, presided over by Mr. Justice Adams, heard from multiple witnesses including Mrs Hilda Marion Hulme, Juliet’s mother. She provided insight into the girls' friendship, noting that Juliet displayed critical traits and mood swings, and appeared more withdrawn following the family’s return from overseas in August. Evidence presented by the prosecution described the details surrounding the murder, including the method used—a half brick wrapped in a stocking. Witness accounts recounted the events leading to the fatality, including attempts to portray the incident as an accident. Both girls initially claimed that Honora had fallen and suffered grave injuries as a result. Parker later confessed to the police about her intentions to kill her mother, stating it was premeditated but that she had hoped to frighten her mother into acquiescence regarding their relationship. Juliet's subsequent statements corroborated Pauline's account, though they both later claimed they were under duress and mentally disturbed during the events. During the trial, psychiatrist Dr. Reginald Medlicott provided expert testimony, suggesting that the girls were suffering from a mental disorder classified as ""folie à deux,"" a shared psychosis between two individuals. He described their behaviours during interviews as erratic and their mental states as unstable, marked by a significant detachment from reality. The doctor noted their obsession with violence and dramatic themes in their writings, which raised concerns about their mental health. Testimonies from various other witnesses highlighted the nature of the girls’ friendship, their shared writings filled with violent narratives, and their tumultuous relationships with their families. The jury now faced the significant challenge of evaluating the sanity of Parker and Hulme against their admissions of guilt and the intricate details of the case, which combined elements of mental illness, adolescence, and the tragic outcomes of their close relationship. The decision about their culpability would ultimately hinge on the interpretation of their mental states at the time of the murder.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540825_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540825.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-484574400
4097,26,08,1954,"Murder Charge (Press, 26 August 1954)","The trial of Pauline Yvonne Parker, aged 16, and Juliet Marion Hulme, aged 15, on charges of murdering Honora Mary Parker, the mother of Pauline, resumed with the cross-examination of the defence's first witness, Dr. R. W. Medlicott. Dr. Medlicott had spent over seven hours in the witness box, discussing the mental condition of the accused girls, with some of his testimony focusing on their diaries, which illustrated their unusual thought patterns and relationships. The trial, now in its third day, has drawn significant public interest, with many spectators eager to catch a glimpse of the accused. Dr. Medlicott reflected on entries from Parker's diary, which revealed hints of a delusional belief in their own intellectual superiority and a ""fourth world."" He described the girls as displaying signs of paranoia, suggesting they were living within a delusional framework. He noted that they expressed beliefs inconsistent with reality, such as feeling they possessed an additional part of the brain that allowed them to perceive a spiritual paradise. Dr. Medlicott highlighted a disturbing pattern in the diaries, where the tone shifted from ordinary adolescent themes to more violent and dark content, particularly in the lead-up to the murder. He described how entries showed signs of extreme excitement, a disregard for societal norms, and an increasing obsession with the notion of killing Parker. He concluded that by June 1954, both girls were grossly insane, unable to appreciate the moral implications of their actions. The prosecution, represented by Mr. A. W. Brown, challenged Dr. Medlicott's conclusions, questioning the medical basis of his claims of insanity and whether the girls truly lacked an understanding of their actions. Dr. Medlicott maintained that the girls' mental state at the time of the crime indicated systemic delusional insanity, arguing that although they might have understood the legal implications of murder, they did not grasp its moral weight. The trial's proceedings underscored their complex emotional dynamics, showcasing a friendship that appeared to foster an environment conducive to shared delusions and a sense of invulnerability. As the trial continues, the court examines the balance between the girls' mental state and their criminal responsibility, with Dr. Medlicott’s extensive testimony poised to play a crucial role in determining the outcome of the case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540826_2_120.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540826.2.120,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-484488000
4098,27,08,1954,"Murder Charge (Press, 27 August 1954)","The trial of Pauline Parker, 16, and Juliet Hulme, nearly 16, accused of murdering Parker's mother, Honora Mary Parker, on June 22, 1954, continued with a five-day hearing at the Supreme Court. The defence introduced expert testimony from several psychiatrists who posited that the girls were suffering from a shared condition known as ""folie à deux"" or mutual insanity. The defence's first witness, Dr. R.W. Medlicott, was subjected to extensive cross-examination by Crown Prosecutor Mr. A.W. Brown, which lasted for hours. Public interest in the trial grew significantly, as evidenced by a full court with many eager attendees trying to secure seats to witness the hearings. Dr. Medlicott described the girls' diaries, noting that they contained fictional characters used by the girls to express their thoughts and feelings. When pressed about the interpretation of certain entries, he acknowledged that while the girls used film stars' names as characters, their representations might have included romantic and possibly sexual undertones. As the testimony progressed, Dr. F.O. Bennett was called to support the defence's claim of insanity. He corroborated Dr. Medlicott's observations, stating that both girls demonstrated delusions of grandeur and felt superior to others. In his view, their relationship had morphed into a severe mental illness over time, which included elements of paranoia and a warped sense of morality leading to their violent act. Bennett discussed the girls' diaries, which revealed a growing separation from reality and a deepening delusional state. The evidence presented painted a troubling picture: the girls had isolated themselves from societal values, ultimately leading them to justify their plan to kill Parker's mother under the belief that it would free both them and her from an unhappy existence. Despite their defence arguing that the girls were insane and did not truly understand the nature or the wrongness of their acts, the numerous references to their calculated planning and lack of remorse following the murder suggested otherwise. These two young girls had meticulously detailed their intentions in their diaries, which were injected with themes of violence and a belief that they were acting within a justified framework. The complexities of their mental state and the implications of their written words became crucial elements for the jury to consider in their final deliberation on the matter of sanity at the time of the crime. Dr. Bennett concluded that although they were aware of the legal implications of their actions, they were driven by their loyalty to their delusions, which essentially nullified the moral judgments that typically guide sane individuals. The trial continued as the court sought to untangle the intricate web of motivations and mental states that led to this tragic event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540827_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540827.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-484401600
4099,28,08,1954,"Crown Evidence In Rebuttal (Press, 28 August 1954)","In a significant trial reported on 28 August 1954, the case centred on the sanity of two accused individuals, Parker and Hulme, in connection with the murder of Mrs Parker. Mr Brown, representing the defence, argued insanity as their only defence; however, the Crown called upon evidence from three psychiatrists to challenge this assertion. Dr Kenneth Robert Stallworthy, a senior medical adviser from the Avondale Mental Hospital in Auckland, testified about his extensive experience with patients in mental institutions. He noted that across his years of practice, he had never encountered two insane individuals collaborating to commit a crime. He detailed the standard psychiatric procedures in cases of murder, emphasising the responsibility to assess whether the accused understood the nature and quality of their actions, and whether they recognised these actions as wrong both legally and morally. In his examination of Parker and Hulme, Dr Stallworthy concluded that neither exhibited any illness of the mind at the time of the murder. He referenced Parker's diaries, indicating premeditation and an understanding of the potential consequences of their actions, which illustrated their awareness that they were breaking the law. Both young women acknowledged their understanding of right and wrong during interviews, further suggesting they were in a sound mental state. Dr Stallworthy asserted that the conceptualisation of their potential insanity appeared to be a strategy to evade punishment. Dr James Edwin Saville, another psychiatrist, corroborated Dr Stallworthy’s findings after interviewing the accused several times. He indicated that during their initial meetings, the girls attempted to portray themselves as insane, yet by the end of their consultations, they expressed a preference for being deemed sane, aware of the substantially less favourable outcome of a mental institution versus a prison sentence. Dr James Dewar Hunter also echoed the previous testimonies, affirming that he did not see any indication of mental illness in the accused. He noted the general rarity of two individuals conspiring in a crime while insane, further substantiating the psychiatrist's consensus that both Parker and Hulme were functioning normally and able to appreciate the moral and legal implications of their actions. The trial attracted substantial media attention in the UK, with many British newspapers extensively covering the proceedings, reflecting a keen public interest in the case. This highlights the case’s high profile and the implications of the verdict, particularly surrounding youth, sanity, and crime. As the evidence concluded, the judge suggested that the jury could either continue that day or adjourn until the morning, leaving the courtroom in anticipation of a deliberation that could potentially shape perceptions of mental health in legal contexts significantly. The trial would remain a focal point in discussions about crime, sanity, and justice in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540828_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540828.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-484315200
4100,30,08,1954,"Counsel For Parker (Press, 30 August 1954)","The trial concerning two young girls, Juliet Hulme and Pauline Parker, is reaching its conclusion as defence counsel, Dr. Haslam, addresses the jury. He urges them to focus on the evidence presented and to set aside any personal feelings they may have developed regarding the case. Dr. Haslam acknowledges the distressing nature of the evidence but insists it is critical for assessing the mental state of the accused at the time of the killing, which they do not dispute. The defence’s strategy hinges on demonstrating that the girls were insane at the time of the crime, thereby absolving them of legal responsibility. Dr. Haslam asks the jury to carefully evaluate the medical evidence from both sides rather than simply counting the number of expert witnesses. He outlines the girls’ troubled backgrounds, their intense friendship that began in school in 1952, and their subsequent mental deterioration, as documented in Parker’s diaries. The duo's relationship, initially perceived as friendship, soon evolved into a morbidly intense bond, wherein they engaged in fantastical schemes and elaborate fantasies, often leading to irrational behaviours. Their daily lives became consumed by a shared delusion of grandeur, culminating in an extreme emotional response which they perceived as a threat to their closeness. Dr. Haslam recounts past events that heighten the tension between the girls and Mrs. Parker, whom they believed jeopardised their relationship. The girls’ escalating delusions were noted by various doctors called in during the trial. Dr. Bennett and Dr. Medlicott provided testimonies identifying the girls' psychological states, describing them as suffering from paranoid delusions and an inability to distinguish right from wrong. Their claims of a divine calling to act against Mrs. Parker were cited as evidence of their disturbed mental conditions. Dr. Haslam emphasises the difficulty of identifying delusional insanity, asserting that the outward manifestations of the girls’ mental struggle were misleading. He refers to the defence doctors’ assertions that the girls were essentially detached from reality, acting upon distorted perceptions rather than clear moral reasoning. In conclusion, Dr. Haslam implores the jury to consider the evidence impartially and to determine whether the girls genuinely comprehended the nature of their actions amid their delusions. He submits that the girls did not possess the awareness that their actions were wrong due to their impaired judgment. He requests the jury to return a verdict of not guilty on the grounds of insanity, thereby committing the case to their ""merciful keeping."" The dramatic presentation seeks to shed light on the complexities of a case intertwined with youth, psychological distress, and the often blurry line between sanity and insanity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540830_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540830.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-484142400
4101,22,09,1954,"Co-educational Schools (Press, 22 September 1954)","On 21 September 1954, a report from a committee investigating moral delinquency among juveniles was released, highlighting various opinions regarding post-primary co-education. The committee noted a lack of systematic communication between homes and schools concerning juvenile issues, as the headmasters, traditionally responsible for this connection, have found their roles increasingly constrained due to larger school sizes and complexities. The report pointed out particular concerns from post-primary principals about the behavioural problems arising in students who are compelled to remain in school until the age of 15. This age group has been identified as having a notable incidence of juvenile delinquency, prompting the committee to suggest that assistance ought to be provided to post-primary schools. However, it refrained from making specific recommendations on how to implement such support. It did advocate for strengthening bonds between teachers, parents, and children, suggesting measures such as stabilising the teaching workforce, providing housing for teachers in developing areas, and increasing female teacher representation. The committee investigated claims that co-educational settings might lead to immoral behaviour. While some testimonies suggested that such environments could heighten the risk of immorality, the committee concluded that no direct correlation could be established between school associations and instances of immoral acts. One example cited involved a girl who allegedly incited multiple boys to engage in sexual misconduct after school; however, investigations revealed that these individuals were already acquainted through their neighbourhoods and had a history of indecency prior to their schooling. The report also mentioned concerns about senior pupils at intermediate schools engaging in both heterosexual and homosexual depravity. While the committee acknowledged that some of these issues may have originated from connections formed at school, they found that the instigators typically had prior histories of immoral behaviour or were from home environments that fostered delinquent tendencies. In summary, the committee’s report delved into the complex factors contributing to juvenile delinquency, emphasising the need for collaboration between educators and families while dispelling the notion that co-education itself was a primary cause of immorality among students.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19540922_2_117_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540922.2.117.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-482155200
7760,01,10,1954,"Prisoner’s Death (Press, 1 October 1954)","Kenneth Bradshaw McKeagg, a 29-year-old inmate at New Plymouth Prison, died from complications related to a suicide attempt. The District Coroner, Mr N. F. Little, established that McKeagg passed away from cerebral venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and bronchial pneumonia after his attempt to hang himself on July 12, 1954. He was serving a four-year sentence at the time of his death. Prior to the hanging attempt, McKeagg had also tried to take his life by cutting his wrist on the same day. His struggles with mental health appear to have been exacerbated after a brief escape from prison on July 2, 1954, from which he was recaptured that same day. Following his recapture, he received an additional three months of imprisonment. McKeagg remained in the New Plymouth Public Hospital for a week before he succumbed to his injuries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19541001_2_163.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19541001.2.163,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-481377600
7761,09,11,1954,"Male Detention Centres (Press, 9 November 1954)","In a significant shift in correctional strategy, the New Plymouth prison is set to be converted into a detention centre in early 1955, specifically targeting young males aged 17 to 22. This reform aims to apply a method of incarceration that emphasises hard work, strict discipline, and a regimen of physical activity, following a model already being implemented in England. The Justice Department has outlined that the detention centre will serve as an alternative to Borstal imprisonment, redirecting young offenders whom authorities believe could benefit from this structured environment. The detainment period is expected to last between three to four months, focusing on instilling discipline and responsibility through a rigorous work ethic. Inmates will be engaged in productive work that is both solid and instructional, ensuring that their time is not wasted. The centre is anticipated to accommodate approximately 65 inmates, although the day-to-day population is likely to average around 45. As preparations for this transition are underway, the Justice Department has announced a recruitment process for the role of superintendent, with specific guidelines indicating that the centre will adopt a regime centred around hard work and discipline. This initiative highlights a proactive approach to youth rehabilitation, aiming to provide a sharp corrective experience for young men who are deemed responsive to this form of intervention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19541109_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19541109.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-478008000
4102,06,08,1955,"A Historical Study Of Homosexuality (Press, 6 August 1955)","The book ""Homosexuality and the Western Christian Tradition"" by Dr. Derrick Sherwin Bailey, published in 1955, offers a scholarly exploration of attitudes towards homosexuality within the context of Western Christianity. Dr. Bailey, associated with the Church of England Moral Welfare Council, combines his extensive knowledge with an enlightened perspective, presenting a thorough and tolerant investigation into the historical factors that have shaped contemporary laws and societal opinions regarding homosexuality. Dr. Bailey draws upon his experiences as a member of a group consisting of Anglican clergymen and doctors that studied the complexities of homosexuality, culminating in a report named ""The Problem of Homosexuality."" Notably, he confines his analysis to Western traditions, consciously setting aside the insights offered by modern anthropologists concerning other cultures and the historical instances of homosexuality in Ancient Greece, which he deems irrelevant to the current debates. His examination encompasses biblical interpretations and ecclesiastical viewpoints alongside contributions from Roman law and medieval thinking. Importantly, Bailey approaches the subject without moral judgement, focusing purely on historical context. In the introductory section, he provides his balanced perspective on the issues at hand, whilst his conclusions advocate for a reassessment of the severe legal stance on homosexuality. He posits that public attitudes are predominantly shaped by ignorance and prejudice. Moreover, Dr. Bailey highlights that the Church should not bear sole responsibility for the societal and legal injustices faced by homosexual individuals. He argues that the Church, contrary to common belief perpetuated by modern rationalist writers like Havelock Ellis and Westermarck, has at times offered protection to homosexuals from the penalties imposed by secular authorities. By suggesting that the Church held significant spiritual influence, Bailey indicates that it acted to shield individuals from harsher legal repercussions. Overall, this thorough and responsible study aims to illuminate the complexities surrounding the treatment of homosexuals, advancing a call for greater understanding and acceptance. Dr. Bailey's findings challenge prevailing narratives and provide a more nuanced understanding of the interaction between the Church and societal attitudes towards homosexuality. His work is deemed valuable for those seeking a deeper comprehension of the historical underpinnings of current issues related to homosexuality in a Christian context.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19550806_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19550806.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-454680000
4103,03,10,1955,"Magistrates’ Views On Homosexuality (Press, 3 October 1955)","On 1 October 1955, the council of the Magistrates' Association in the United Kingdom voted to recommend that homosexual conduct in private between adults aged 30 years or older should no longer be regarded as a criminal offence. With a narrow margin of 41 votes in favour and 33 against, the decision was presented in the association's annual report. While the council acknowledged that homosexual practices were deemed undesirable and potentially harmful both for the individual and society as a whole, they argued that changing the law would help reduce the risks of blackmail that often occurred due to existing legal penalties for homosexuality. The council's stance was based on the view that legislation against such conduct disproportionately exposed individuals to exploitation by opportunistic blackmailers. The recommendation specified that tolerance for homosexual conduct should be limited to consenting adults who are at least 30 years old. The council justified this age limit by suggesting that individuals younger than this, particularly those aged 21 or 25, may still lack emotional maturity and could be vulnerable to corruption. This position reflects broader societal attitudes towards homosexuality during that period, indicating a cautious approach to reforming laws while still expressing disapproval of homosexual behaviour. Overall, this recommendation signifies a significant step towards re-evaluating the legal treatment of homosexual acts in the UK during the 1950s, pointing towards the gradual shift in attitudes that would evolve in subsequent years.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19551003_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19551003.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-449668800
4104,22,11,1955,"Teddy Boys (Press, 22 November 1955)","On 22 November 1955, a series of letters to the editor from readers highlighted various social issues and cultural sentiments regarding the youth movements of the time, particularly focusing on the ""Teddy Boy"" subculture. R. M. Thomson's letter critiques the notion that military uniforms and commissions confer respect or authority. He reminisces about the strict training methods from the early 20th century, suggesting that Auckland's current military trainees could benefit from the discipline of seasoned sergeants who previously managed young volunteers and conscripts. He cites past measures, such as pack drill and punishments at military training facilities, as essential for instilling proper conduct and discipline. In contrast, a correspondent identifying as ""Teddy Boy"" reflects on psychological concepts introduced by Adler, arguing that power-lust influences human behaviour and manifests as eccentricity or individuality. He observes that society often persecutes those who deviate from mainstream norms in fashion, behaviour, or beliefs. He raises the idea that changes in male fashion should be similarly accepted as those in female attire, asserting that not all expressions of individuality, including those associated with the Teddy Boy culture, are negative. The letter highlights the diversity of human expression, contending that being ""different"" is an intrinsic part of society. Another letter, signed by ""No More War Preparations,"" provides a scathing view of militarism. The writer argues that the fear and animosity directed at Teddy Boys stem from a militarised and narrow-minded perspective that resists individual freedom. The author connects Teddy Boy identity with a broader protest against conformity and the imposition of rigid societal expectations. He criticizes the romanticised idea of military defence, especially given the realities of modern warfare and the dangers of smaller nations trying to assert themselves militarily. The letter concludes with a denouncement of glorifying armed forces and their past roles in society, suggesting that compulsory military training forces young people into a destructive mindset. The letters together encapsulate a period of social transition and discussion, reflecting on the tensions between individuality and authority, the changing perceptions of masculinity and dress, and critical perspectives on militarisation in New Zealand society. They evoke the broader cultural shifts occurring in the post-war era, as young people sought to define their identities in opposition to established norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19551122_2_175_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19551122.2.175.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-445348800
4105,19,12,1955,"Homosexuals In Britain (Press, 19 December 1955)","On 19 December 1955, a report from the British Medical Association (B.M.A.) sparked controversy by alleging that some Members of Parliament (M.P.s) are involved in homosexual practices. The report, compiled by a panel of 12 distinguished doctors, psychiatrists, and criminologists, addressed issues surrounding homosexuality and prostitution, revealing a significant increase in reported homosexual offences since 1940, rising to over 6,000 cases annually. The report acknowledged this number likely represented only a small fraction of actual occurrences. The B.M.A. characterised the visible behaviour of homosexuals in public spaces—such as pubs, streets, and restaurants—as an affront to public decency. It further identified the presence of practising homosexuals in various sectors, including the Church, Parliament, civil services, media, and the entertainment industry, as a notable issue. While the report recognised that certain individuals might be inherently effeminate, it suggested that most homosexual behaviour is acquired rather than innate. It also noted that many homosexuals exhibit positive social traits and often suppress their desires. In addressing the issue of youth safety, the report advocated for stricter selection processes for positions involving children, such as school teachers and scout leaders, who might exploit their roles to influence boys negatively. It opposed the practice of incarcerating convicted homosexuals in conventional prisons, praising the potential for them to corrupt fellow inmates. Instead, the B.M.A. proposed the establishment of dedicated treatment centres overseen by teams of doctors and religious workers, aimed at rehabilitating homosexual offenders. Despite acknowledging that current treatments are largely ineffective due to many homosexuals not wishing to change, the report called for further research into more effective treatment options. Concerning prostitution, the B.M.A. recommended robust measures against street prostitution, including increased financial penalties for soliciting and the introduction of reform schools for young girls involved in vice. The overall tone of the report suggests a desire to promote public morality and safeguard societal structure, reflecting the prevailing attitudes of the time regarding homosexuality and prostitution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19551219_2_185.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19551219.2.185,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-443016000
7415,03,02,1956,"Natural Pollination Brings Good Fruiting (Press, 3 February 1956)","On 3 February 1956, a gardening column by T.D. Lennie discusses various aspects of fruit and flower gardening, alongside vegetable cultivation. It addresses the common issue of irregular fruit production in trees, particularly the greengage plum. Lennie explains that while many plums are bisexual and self-fertile, the greengage requires cross-pollination, which necessitates planting a companion English plum variety. He notes that the absence of such companions results in a poor fruit yield. The piece highlights the significance of proper orchard management, mentioning that fruit drop can indicate previous spraying deficiencies, particularly with arsenate of lead, which is essential to eliminate pests. It advocates for light summer pruning of fruit trees to improve air circulation and light penetration. Specifically, it suggests removing aged blackcurrant branches affected by stem borer and advises thinning gooseberries and currants. The text also mentions the need to mitigate pests and diseases on vines and other fruit by using appropriate sprays. In the flower garden section, Lennie recommends maintaining tidy borders by removing spent flowers and replacing entire plants when necessary. He describes late summer as a peak for annuals and perennials and underscores the importance of careful planning throughout the year to ensure continuous blooming. To enhance displays, he suggests planting new annuals such as asters and stock. Dahlias are noted for their vibrant blooms, and Lennie suggests disbudding to encourage more flowering. For carnation propagation, layering is recommended to sustain healthy plants. He highlights the value of perennial phlox and helenium for borders and cutting, suggesting they should be used more frequently. The proper conditions for hydrangeas are also explained, with attention to soil composition affecting flower colour. The article touches on lawn care during the dry season, advising topdressing with manure and occasional watering to help grass cope with these conditions. In the vegetable garden, Lennie stresses the importance of securing sweet corn and preparing for winter vegetables such as celery and leeks. He also warns of white butterfly infestations, recommending the use of Derris dust as a preventative measure. For immediate sowing, he lists seeds for lettuce, cabbage, and root vegetables. He encourages mulching with lawn clippings to maintain soil temperature and moisture. Additionally, Lennie advises controlling asparagus growth to protect neighbouring plants and suggests regular watering and feeding to prolong rhubarb production. He concludes with practical tips for caring for tomato plants, including removing excess foliage to promote fruit ripening as cooler nights set in. This comprehensive guide addresses the essential practices for successful gardening in the February climate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19560203_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19560203.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-439041600
7762,26,03,1956,"General News (Press, 26 March 1956)","On 26 March 1956, several notable events and announcements were reported. The Municipal Electricity Department announced power cuts affecting different areas throughout the city. Consumers in areas E and F would experience a morning outage lasting from 8 a.m. to 9:30 a.m., while areas A and B would face cuts in the evening from 6 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. The following day, morning cuts were scheduled for areas C and D, and evening cuts for areas E and F. In a lighter piece, three partners from a Christchurch law firm, Messrs A.W. Brown, J. McKenzie, and P.T. Mahon, won just over £500 from an overseas lottery despite their horse, Martinique, not placing in a race. The trio had initially spent approximately £10 on tickets. In local government news, the Local Government Loans Board approved a loan of £450,000 for the North Canterbury Hospital Board, part of a larger total loan of £1,260,000. Additionally, a loan of £100,000 was granted to the Christchurch Drainage Board, along with a £50,000 loan for the Kaiapoi Borough Council's sewerage projects. The Dominion Association for the Blind resolved to advocate for the removal of means testing for blind pensioners. During their annual meeting in Wellington, members expressed frustration over the lack of action from the Blind Institute in pushing for legislative changes. A safety incident occurred at a level crossing near Huntly where an express train collided with a loaded coal trailer. Fortunately, the driver was unharmed, but the accident caused significant damage to the train and delayed its arrival in Auckland by 30 minutes. In prison reform discussions, the New Plymouth Prison is under consideration to become either a Borstal centre for young offenders or a detention centre for those aged 18 to 21. A final decision will be made later in June. Trade relations were highlighted in a report from Dr. Hans J. Dietrich, revealing that New Zealand's exports to Germany in 1955 totalled £12 million, twice the value of imports from Germany, which were worth £6 million. Main exports included agricultural products, while machinery and textiles formed the bulk of imports. The Bluff Harbour Board received the go-ahead for a £3,500,000 harbour development scheme, which is expected to enhance trade opportunities in the region. Board chairman Mr. E.N. Adams received applause for this ambitious project from local leaders. Concerns regarding staphylococcal infections, colloquially referred to as “H-bug,” were raised by medical superintendents across New Zealand, who emphasised that these infections are not confined to hospitals, as the term suggests. Lastly, a whimsical story featured Polly, a six-year-old Black Orpington hen at the Houhora Hotel, known for her pickpocketing antics, as she would often peck at guests' pockets for grain. This unusual talent has made her a local attraction. In trade news, the Board of Trade cancelled two public inquiries related to import duties for carpet sweepers and floor polishers, as well as switchboards and fuses, which were scheduled for April. An upcoming art exhibition in Christchurch will showcase a collection of Australian paintings representing a century of art, featuring several iconic artists, promising to enrich the local cultural landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19560326_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19560326.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-434548800
4106,26,05,1956,"Changed Laws For Sex Offenders Urged (Press, 26 May 1956)","On 25 May 1956, the Church of England Moral Welfare Council released a significant report advocating for changes in laws surrounding homosexuality and prostitution. The 120-page booklet titled “Sexual Offenders and Social Punishment,” compiled by Dr. Derrick Sherwin Bailey, urges for the repeal of existing legislation that criminalises private homosexual activities among consenting adult males. It proposes instead to create laws that would penalise homosexual acts involving minors, acts constituting public nuisance, or those involving assault, violence, fraud, or coercion, while also recommending an increase in the age of consent from 16 to 17. In his introduction, Dr. Bailey highlighted that harsher punishments would not serve justice and pointed to the widespread devaluation and commercialisation of sex as a major barrier to educating the public on sexual matters. The report notes a discrepancy in the treatment of male and female homosexuals under the law, highlighting that while males are heavily penalised, women often face little to no repercussions for soliciting. It criticises current practices that allow police to charge women without evidence from male complainants, leading to a process described as ""perfunctory to a farcical degree."" The report's publication coincides with similar discussions within the Church of Scotland, which released a report surveying the sexual attitudes of young Scots. Among a group of 392 participants, it was found that one in four believed there was nothing wrong with sexual relations between engaged couples. This report, set to be reviewed by the church's general assembly, raised questions regarding the influence of media portrayals of female attractiveness on sexual behaviour. The Church of Scotland's commission gathered responses from 238 young men and 154 young women, revealing that a significant majority perceived premarital and extramarital sexual relationships as common, with 68 percent of men and 55 percent of women affirming this view. The coordinated timing of these reports indicates a growing discourse on sexual morality and legislation in Britain during this period, reflecting changing societal attitudes towards homosexuality and sexual relationships overall.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19560526_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19560526.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-429278400
4107,07,01,1957,"Sex Mania In America (Press, 7 January 1957)","In a recent commentary, Professor Pitirim Sorokin, a prominent human behaviour expert at Harvard University, expressed grave concerns about what he calls a ""sex mania"" affecting American society. In his book, ""The American Sex Revolution,"" he argues that the nation is veering towards sex anarchy, drawing parallels to the moral decline that contributed to the fall of historical societies such as Rome and Greece. He believes that a ""rising tide of sex"" is infiltrating various aspects of American culture and social life, impacting everything from media to politics. Professor Sorokin identifies several indicators of this societal issue, including the increasing divorce rate and the upsurge in sex-related crimes. He condemns the prominent role that sexual themes play in television, radio, stage productions, films, popular music, literature, and advertising. He suggests that this ""sex obsession"" is also influencing political life, with the prevalence of ""sex bribery and sex blackmail"" now rivaling that of monetary corruption. The professor highlights a troubling trend where individuals with questionable sexual reputations are being appointed to significant political positions, including ambassadorships and other high offices. According to Sorokin, there is a substantial number of profligates—both heterosexual and homosexual—among public officials, which he views as a deterioration of moral standards. Sorokin's research suggests that sex addiction is becoming increasingly common, likening it to drug addiction. The rapid rise in the number of illegitimate births in the United States is cited as a stark reflection of escalating sexual promiscuity. He laments that societal morals have shifted to the extent that values such as continency, chastity, and fidelity are now perceived as relics of the past and viewed as oddities. This commentary, published on 7 January 1957, highlights Professor Sorokin's belief that America is at a crossroads, where its cultural fabric is being threatened by what he sees as a dangerous obsession with sex. His observations prompt a call for awareness and potential action to address this societal challenge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570107_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570107.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-409752000
7001,08,02,1957,"Legal Change Of Sex (Press, 8 February 1957)","On 6 February 1957, it was reported that several men with a strong desire to dress in feminine clothing had been permitted to register as women at the General Register Office in London. This change was confirmed by an official spokesperson and highlighted in the “Daily Express.” These men had not undergone any surgical operations or hormonal treatments but had legally changed their sex and were granted the rights and status of women, despite having male physical characteristics. Similarly, women who felt compelled to live as men were also allowed to change their official records. The process for these legal sex changes was made accessible with a nominal cost of 3 shillings and 9 pence. Medical evidence, in the form of a statutory declaration from a doctor, was required to support the applications for sex change. The doctor needed to determine that the individual was predominantly of the opposite sex, although the specific grounds for this assessment were left to the discretion of the medical professional. Notably, the medical opinions provided were not subject to challenge by any medical panel. This legal change enabled individuals to live authentically as their identified gender without the fear of legal repercussions. The report mentioned that the integrity of the medical profession served as a safeguard against potential misuse of this provision, ensuring that men and women would not change their legal gender for socially unacceptable reasons. The authorities acknowledged that this process had been functioning quietly for some time, positively impacting those involved by alleviating distress and providing peace of mind to many.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570208_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570208.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-406987200
4108,21,02,1957,"Supreme Court Verdict Of Guilty On Robbery Charge (Press, 21 February 1957)","On 21 February 1957, a Supreme Court jury found four men guilty of robbery against Eric Anthony McAlpine. The accused were Kevin Barry Crannitch, aged 23, Ivan Stewart Davey, aged 18, Colin Clive Worters, aged 21, and George William Thomas, aged 23. The offence occurred on 25 November 1956, during which the victim was robbed of a wristwatch, a fountain pen, and £2 in cash, totalling £20 and 9 shillings. Justice Adams remanded the men for sentencing following the jury's decision. Throughout the trial, defence counsel for the accused raised objections regarding the admissibility of statements made to police. Justice Adams ultimately ruled that the statements from three of the accused were admissible, while Crannitch did not provide a statement. The proceedings were expedited to avoid jurors being influenced by external information over the course of the trial. Detective John Stafford Ashby provided crucial evidence, describing the timeline and interactions between the accused and the victim. According to Ashby, Davey claimed he and Crannitch had attended a party and did not know the district. After leaving the party, they encountered two girls and took a taxi with them before proceeding to Cathedral Square. In a later statement, Davey recounted meeting McAlpine, who was then assaulted by the group under the impression he was a homosexual. Davey did not sign this statement, however, indicating a lack of willingness to admit to the crime. Worters detailed in his statement how he and Thomas were approached by a man in a lavatory who offered them a lift. The interaction escalated when the man was pulled from his van by the accused, and they searched his pockets. They subsequently discarded the stolen items, which included the victim’s shoes. The court heard from Sergeant Albert William Rex Ball, who corroborated the circumstances leading to the arrest of the men. Constable Thomas Edward Stuart also provided evidence regarding the identification of the accused by McAlpine shortly after the assault. During closing arguments, prosecution counsel P. T. Mahon argued that the evidence submitted by the accused amounted to confessions of robbery. Defence counsel for Thomas contended there was insufficient evidence to connect him to the robbery itself, as he had been identified based solely on statements made after the fact. The jury deliberated from 8.25 p.m. and returned with their guilty verdict by 9.50 p.m. They did not render verdicts on alternative charges of assault with intent to rob or common assault, to which the accused had pleaded not guilty. The atmosphere surrounding the trial reflected broader social considerations, particularly as aspects of the case involved perceptions about homosexuality, which played a minor role in the justification for the assault. The final outcome left the accused facing sentencing in the coming days.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570221_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570221.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-405864000
7763,29,03,1957,"New Plymouth Gaol (Press, 29 March 1957)","On 28 March 1957, the Justice Department of New Zealand announced that plans to convert the New Plymouth prison into a detention centre for youths have been abandoned. This decision was influenced by severe overcrowding in prisons across the country. The initial proposal aimed to establish a facility for young offenders, which would have required vacating the adult inmates currently housed in New Plymouth. However, due to a lack of available accommodation for these adult prisoners, the plan was deemed unfeasible. The detention centre was intended to provide an alternative to the overcrowded Invercargill Borstal, where many young offenders are currently rehabilitated. The proposed facility would have allowed youths to serve a maximum sentence of four months under strict discipline, representing an alternative to either borstal or probation. Unfortunately, the surge in the prison population since discussions began on this initiative has ultimately dictated that New Plymouth must continue to function as an adult prison, rendering the original scheme impractical.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570329_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570329.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-402753600
4109,11,05,1957,"Homosexual Sent To Gaol (Press, 11 May 1957)","On 10 May 1957, in the Auckland Supreme Court, Mr Justice T. A. Gresson sentenced Cyril Ernie Richard Webber, a 51-year-old company director, to four years’ imprisonment for each of nine counts related to unnatural offences against males. The sentences were to run concurrently. Justice Gresson described Webber as an active and organising homosexual, identifying him as a particularly dangerous individual. The court heard evidence indicating that Webber had engaged in homosexual relations with numerous men over an extended period, including some who were young and vulnerable. In his plea for leniency, Mr J. F. W. Dickson, representing Webber, claimed that his client maintained his innocence and argued that Webber's life had been irreparably damaged by the charges against him, regardless of the sentence. Dickson articulated a perspective that equated homosexuality with a disease, akin to cancer, noting that both its origins and potential treatments remain largely elusive to medical science. He referenced a growing movement in England, including voices from the Church of England and Justices of the Peace, advocating for reforms in the laws regarding homosexuality, suggesting that such issues should be regarded within a medical context rather than strictly legal. The case reflects prevailing societal attitudes towards homosexuality in 1957 New Zealand, illustrating the intersection of law, morality, and evolving views on sexual orientation during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570511_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570511.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-399038400
6548,18,05,1957,"New Fiction (Press, 18 May 1957)","On 18 May 1957, a review was published discussing two notable novels: ""Justine"" by Lawrence Durrell and ""Not Glory"" by John Goldthorpe. Lawrence Durrell's ""Justine"" is described as his first serious foray into novel writing since 1938, when he published ""The Black Book."" Despite the previous book's accolades, including praise from T. S. Eliot, Durrell is primarily recognised as a poet and author of poetic works about specific locations such as Corfu and Rhodes. In ""Justine,"" Durrell explores themes of relationships within the vibrant backdrop of Alexandria. The novel features a wealthy Egyptian, his wife, a Jewish nymphomaniac, an English schoolteacher, and his mistress, a prostitute. The narrative is noted for its poetic qualities, though it is critiqued for its shapelessness, reflecting Durrell’s morally ambiguous approach to his characters. The text often calls to mind the Bloomsbury group, particularly through its exploration of personal relationships and a somewhat anachronistic philosophical musings reminiscent of Virginia Woolf. Durrell portrays Alexandria as a city that influences the characters' moral compass, creating a complex interplay between environment and individual action. However, the underlying deterministic themes and the portrayal of flawed characters may not resonate with all readers, possibly making it less appealing to those seeking a more straightforward narrative. The second book reviewed, ""Not Glory"" by John Goldthorpe, tackles the persecution of Christians in Alexandria during 303 A.D., set against the backdrop of Roman Egypt's occupation. This lengthy religious novel intertwines the historical context of severe repression, resulting from an edict by Galerius, with extensive theological dialogues. While the first part of the book is slow, focusing on philosophical conversations about faith, the action accelerates with the onset of brutal persecutions. Goldthorpe vividly depicts the destruction of churches and the torturous fates of Christian believers who face charges of disloyalty to Rome. The author succeeds in weaving together personal narratives of love and faith, particularly through the poignant accounts of martyrs and the heart-wrenching experiences of those trying to save their loved ones from dire circumstances. Although the theological discussions may feel tedious and the book is not categorised as a great piece of literature, it carries a compelling narrative that captures the essence of its historical period. The emotional depth and the vivid depiction of character experiences may appeal to readers interested in historical novels that explore the intersections of faith, love, and suffering.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570518_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570518.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-398433600
4110,25,07,1957,"Perverts Sent To Gaol (Press, 25 July 1957)","On 24 July 1957, four men were sentenced in the Wellington Magistrate’s Court for charges of indecent assault against youths. The sentences were delivered by Mr M. B. Scully, S.M., who emphasised that individuals involved in such acts would receive no sympathy from the court. Riordan Herbert Godfrey, a 32-year-old former police sergeant, and Cyril Otto Foothead, a 45-year-old salesman, were both sentenced to three years in prison. Leslie Frederick Pahl, a 20-year-old shop assistant, received a one-year sentence, while John Macpherson, a 31-year-old taxi driver, was sentenced to two years' imprisonment. Scully condemned Foothead’s residence on Seatoun Road, describing it as a ""house of vice, sin and depravity."" During the proceedings, Mr R. Stacey, representing Godfrey, raised concerns regarding the prosecution of other Police Force members who were allegedly involved in homosexual activities, questioning why they had not faced similar charges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570725_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570725.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-392558400
7764,23,08,1957,"The Press Friday, August 23, 1957. The Penal... (Press, 23 August 1957)","On 23 August 1957, The Press reported on significant issues facing New Zealand's penal system, highlighted by the Minister of Justice, Mr Marshall, during his Budget speech. The accommodation crisis within the penal establishments is particularly severe, with current capacity being stretched well beyond its limits. Officially, New Zealand's prisons are designed to hold 1,320 inmates; however, this number had risen to 1,500 by August 1957. This overcrowding has led to untenable conditions, such as multiple inmates sharing spaces meant for single occupancy. The report indicates that the implications of such overcrowding extend beyond mere discomfort. It complicates the classification of prisoners into appropriate security levels, thereby hindering the correct management of offenders based on their individual needs. For instance, distinguishing between young and old inmates, as well as separating minor offenders from hardened criminals and segregating homosexual inmates, has become increasingly impractical. The allocated space for Borstal treatment, aimed at rehabilitating young offenders, has also been severely impacted by the shortage of suitable accommodation. The Justice Department has expressed a long-standing desire to implement a more effective approach derived from English penal practices, particularly for young delinquents and those in need of immediate institutional discipline. The inability to establish a dedicated facility for such youth highlights the urgent need for a large-scale building programme within the penal system. Despite having a relatively small number of inmates compared to global standards, the report notes that complacency is unwarranted given the sharp increase in the prison population, which has surged by 31 per cent since August 1955. This rise in numbers is attributed to several factors including the Criminal Justice Act of 1954, which has led to longer sentences, as well as the growing efficiency of the police force in enforcing laws. Furthermore, Mr Marshall has advocated for the Justice Department to take a proactive stance in addressing the root causes of crime, suggesting that the extension of psychological, matrimonial conciliation, and probation services could be beneficial. Such measures are not only necessary to cope with the immediate rise in criminal activity and inmate population but are also critical for modernising New Zealand's penal approach. In summary, the article underscores the pressing issues within New Zealand’s penal system, calling for urgent reforms and expansion of facilities to ensure effective management of the inmate population while simultaneously addressing the underlying social issues contributing to crime rates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570823_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570823.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-390052800
7765,30,08,1957,"The Various Occupations Of Prisoners – In Gaol (Press, 30 August 1957)","The annual report from the Department of Justice, published on 30 August 1957, sheds light on the diverse range of occupations undertaken by prisoners in New Zealand's correctional facilities. It highlights various aspects of prison labour, illustrating how inmate work contributes significantly to both self-sufficiency and government operations. The report indicates that the primary focus of prison labour is farming, with the department managing seven main farms that collectively generated a revenue of £117,505 for the year ending 31 March. Additional work in ""other industries"" brought in an extra £61,244. The Auckland prison's tailoring department is responsible for producing all clothing for inmates, along with certain uniforms for prison officers. They also handle shoe repairs and manufacture furniture for the Justice Department, which may soon extend to the Education Department as well. Auctioning ballot boxes for the upcoming November General Election is another task, with these being crafted in the tinsmith’s shop at Auckland prison. The report further discusses the activities of the New Plymouth prison, where prisoners create dental chair cushions for the Health Department, seat cushions for government offices, school envelopes for the Education Department, and even radio control parachutes for the Air Department. Printing demands for the Justice Department are largely met by the Wellington prison. Farming operations are notably extensive, with the Waikeria prison farm spanning roughly 3000 acres. It houses approximately 7400 sheep and five dairy herds, each consisting of about 110 cows. Additionally, Waikeria is involved in a long-term production trial using a breeding herd of 350 Black Poll cows in collaboration with the Ruakura animal research station. The honey rations for all institutions come from an apiary located on this farm. At the Tongariro prison farm, which is set to expand to an eventual size of 24,000 acres, roughly 4500 acres are currently dedicated to grassland. This farm sustains a flock of 7300 sheep and 1600 cattle, including around 120 dairy cows and 575 breeding cows. The Paparua prison farm, encompassing 1380 acres, features a Corriedale flock of 1300 ewes, along with operations involving cows, pigs, and a sizeable poultry unit, supplemented by various cropping activities. Overall, the report underscores the significant role that prison labour plays in supporting the New Zealand government's needs while providing inmates with opportunities to develop skills and contribute to society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570830_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570830.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-389448000
4111,06,09,1957,"British Controversy On Vice Report (Press, 6 September 1957)","A government committee in Britain, known as the Wolfenden Committee, has recommended that homosexuality between consenting adults no longer be treated as a criminal offence. This announcement, released on 4 September 1957, is expected to spark significant controversy in the UK. The committee, chaired by Sir John Wolfenden and comprising 15 members including lawyers, doctors, and clergymen, only saw one member dissent from the recommendation. The report has highlighted a stark division of opinion across various media and public discourse regarding homosexuality, with notable opposition from newspapers fearing that changes in the law could erode moral standards in society. The committee's report not only addresses homosexuality but also proposes stricter penalties for street prostitution. They suggest raising the fines for first and second offences to £10 and £25 respectively, and include a three-month prison sentence for subsequent offences. Current laws require evidence that citizens have been annoyed by prostitution, which the committee recommends eliminating. Additionally, the report calls for stricter actions against landlords who allow prostitution on their properties, noting that they should be penalised for profiting from such activities. While suggesting these heightened consequences, the committee expressed concern that such measures may lead to an increase in call-girl services or advertisements for ""companions"" in local media. They ultimately concluded that these developments, albeit undesirable, might be less harmful than the visible presence of street prostitution. The committee deliberated on the idea of licensed brothels but dismissed it, arguing that state endorsement of prostitution contradicts efforts to improve societal and moral standards. The inquiry has challenged the common perception of widespread exploitation within the prostitution industry, stating that many women willingly engage in these activities. It appears the committee believes that criminalising acts of prostitution will not effectively diminish the practice, as demand remains strong amongst men. On the subject of homosexuality, the committee concluded that the law should not interfere in the private lives of consenting adults, maintaining that legal action should only address situations that threaten public order. The existing law, which can impose life imprisonment for serious homosexual offences by men, is regarded as excessive. The committee suggests that the law continue to protect young people under 21 from older men, recommending stronger sanctions against exploitation in those cases. The report acknowledges that while there is some evidence that homosexuality can impact family life negatively, the same can be said for heterosexual adultery, questioning why homosexuality is uniquely criminalised. The committee firmly opposes framing laws based on historical prejudices against homosexuality, asserting that personal behaviour should not be subject to criminal penalties when it does not pose a public risk. This comprehensive report from the Wolfenden Committee, following three years of inquiries, is set to be debated in the House of Commons during the new parliamentary session in November 1957, and will likely influence the future of both sexual and prostitution laws in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570906_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570906.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-388843200
4112,07,09,1957,"Supreme Court Judge Reduces Sentence On Homosexual (Press, 7 September 1957)","On 7 September 1957, the Supreme Court heard an appeal from Michael Freyne, a 41-year-old man who was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment for indecently assaulting a male. This sentence was part of a broader conviction from the Dunedin Magistrate’s Court on 25 July 1957, where Freyne received a total of six concurrent sentences of 18 months for similar offences, involving the indecent assault of seven boys aged between 11 and 15 years. Mr J. G. Leggat represented Freyne and argued that societal attitudes towards homosexuality have shifted, suggesting that the criminal nature of such acts is increasingly recognised as stemming from more complex backgrounds rather than merely criminal propensity. During the court proceedings, Mr Leggat referenced the Wolfenden committee's report from the United Kingdom, which advocated for the decriminalisation of consensual homosexual acts between adults, indicating that such behaviour should not be treated as an offence unless it posed a risk of harm to others. He highlighted that public perception has evolved since the early 20th century, and suggested that the severity of Freyne’s three-year sentence was excessive, particularly given that he was a first-time offender. Leggat argued that a lighter sentence coupled with probation would provide an opportunity for rehabilitation, suggesting that the probation officer had indicated that Freyne's actions did not align with his fundamental heterosexual nature. While acknowledging the seriousness of the offences, Leggat maintained that the lengthy sentence was disproportionate for someone whose conduct, according to his defence, was out of character. He suggested that the circumstances warranted a reconsideration of the punishment to focus not only on retribution but also on the potential for reform. In response, Mr P. T. Mahon, representing the Crown, pointed out that all of Freyne’s offences followed a pattern of indecent assault against minors and thus argued that the original sentences adequately reflected the gravity of his actions. It was also noted that one of the charges had been affected by an error regarding the dates of the offences, which may have influenced the sentencing judgement given by the Magistrate. Mr Justice Adams concluded that the sentence imposed was indeed severe, acknowledging the procedural misstep regarding the timing of one offence. Ultimately, the court quashed the three-year sentence and imposed a different term, taking into account the specifics of the case, the context of the offences, and the evolving societal views on homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570907_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570907.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-388756800
4113,13,09,1957,"Relaxation In Cyprus (Press, 13 September 1957)","On 12 September 1957, the Governor of Cyprus, Sir John Harding, announced significant relaxations to anti-terrorist laws on the island. These changes include the abolition of the death penalty for carrying firearms, which has been replaced with life imprisonment. Additionally, the mandatory death penalty for discharging firearms and throwing bombs has been lifted, allowing courts the discretion to impose life sentences or lesser penalties for these offences. This announcement followed the Governor's recent decision to commute the death sentence of Nicos Sampson, a 22-year-old Greek-Cypriot journalist, to life imprisonment for possessing a loaded Sten gun. The relaxations come after the Cyprus government had already withdrawn 33 out of 76 emergency regulations on 9 August 1957, many of which restricted the movement of Cypriots. Sir John Harding had previously indicated his intention to ease restrictions further, contingent upon improving conditions on the island. In an official statement, Harding emphasised that while these offences remain serious, the reduction in such offences had made the decision to relax laws easier. He also warned that if conditions warranting stricter measures were to recur, he would not hesitate to reinstate the previous severe regulations. In the United Kingdom, reactions emerged regarding the Wolfenden report on vice, which has sparked public discourse. Polls conducted by the ""News Chronicle"" and ""Daily Mirror"" reveal mixed public sentiment regarding proposed legal reforms. The Gallup poll indicated that 47 per cent of respondents opposed decriminalising homosexual acts in private between men over 21, while 38 per cent supported the change. Meanwhile, responses from the ""Daily Mirror"" were nearly equally divided on the issue. Most respondents, however, expressed a preference for increased penalties aimed at addressing street prostitution. The ""Manchester Guardian"" noted the relatively calm public response to reforming laws around homosexuality, seeing it as a strikingly moderate stance amid a potentially divisive issue. Additionally, the Dairy Council of Canada has announced plans to request federal import controls on skim milk powder due to the influx of products from New Zealand, Australia, and the United States selling below Canada's established price floor. In Santiago, Chile, approximately 40,000 high school and university students participated in a strike in support of their teachers, demanding higher wages. The Chilean government stated it was unable to accommodate these demands due to a decrease in national income stemming from declining copper prices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570913_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570913.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-388238400
4114,17,09,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 17 September 1957)","A letter published on 17 September 1957 expresses disagreement with commentary from the “Manchester Guardian,” as quoted by ""The Press"" on 13 September. The letter's author contests the notion that reactions to a Gallup poll on homosexual relations reflect “equanimity,” noting that a significant minority of respondents actually supported changes to existing laws. The author references insights from Dr. Kenneth Walker and Dr. Peter Fletcher, suggesting their views more accurately represent public sentiment. They highlight that many consider the current legal stance towards homosexuality to be harmful and objectionable, advocating for action to protect homosexuals from legal repercussions. The letter concludes with a call to end what is seen as legalised persecution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570917_2_6_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570917.2.6.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-387892800
7704,18,09,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 18 September 1957)","In a letter published on 18 September 1957, Colonel Prigg expresses his agreement with the sentiments of a previous article titled ""End Legalised Persecution."" He reflects on the significance of the work done by Dr. Kenneth Walker and Dr. Peter Fletcher, whom he regards as more reliable authorities than the ""Manchester Guardian."" Prigg commends the extensive research conducted by these doctors and Havelock Ellis, which he believes has contributed to a shift away from bigotry towards more enlightened views on sexuality and social hygiene. He recalls the troubling messages portrayed in purity instruction pamphlets during his youth, which instilled fear and misconceptions about topics like ""self abuse"" and the idea of ""lost manhood."" Prigg describes these messages as grotesque terrors that were unfairly impressed upon young minds. In contrast, he finds wisdom and practicality in Havelock Ellis’s work, particularly in ""Task of Social Hygiene,"" indicating that this text offers a more enlightened perspective on sexual health and education. Through his letter, Colonel Prigg advocates for a more informed and compassionate understanding of human sexuality, lamenting past misconceptions while recognising the progress made through research and education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570918_2_14_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570918.2.14.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-387806400
7705,20,09,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 20 September 1957)","In a letter addressed to the editor, a lecturer from Victoria University College, Dr. Harold Bourne, has raised concerns regarding the punitive nature of New Zealand society, particularly in relation to behaviour that deviates from the norm. Published on 20 September 1957, the letter argues that while New Zealanders pride themselves on their freedom, they exhibit a harsher stance towards those who do not conform, in contrast to Britain, which is seen as exhibiting greater tolerance in similar situations. Dr. Bourne's analysis suggests that New Zealand is characterised by a strong culture of conformity, leading to societal condemnation of behaviours that are not significantly different from those observed in a considerable portion of the population, as indicated by the Kinsey report. This raises questions about the societal right to judge and punish such behaviours when they might reflect common human experiences. The letter criticises the current government's approach, particularly the introduction of indeterminate sentences, which the author believes only exacerbates the issue. The letter expresses a strong objection to the injustices carried out in the name of society and highlights a desire for more progressive thinking on these matters within New Zealand. The author implores readers to reflect on their own national mentality and challenges them to consider whether they should wait for guidance from Britain before making meaningful changes. Overall, the letter highlights a tension between societal norms and individual freedoms while advocating for a re-evaluation of punitive measures within New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570920_2_6_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570920.2.6.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-387633600
4115,24,09,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 24 September 1957)","In a letter to the editor, Colonel Prigg expresses support for a protest against the proposed indeterminate sentences for homosexual offences. He references a statement by Mr Justice Adams, which was published on 11 July 1957, indicating that imprisonment is not an effective solution for dealing with homosexuality. Prigg notes that leading authorities in sex psychology agree with this viewpoint, highlighting that homosexuality is a longstanding aspect of human civilisation, seen throughout various ages and cultures. He argues that societal moral and cultural attributes are the appropriate means to address these issues rather than legal penalties. The letter was submitted on 22 September 1957.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570924_2_7_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570924.2.7.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-387288000
7706,27,09,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 27 September 1957)","The author expresses support for the Wolfenden report on homosexuality, highlighting its challenge to the State's authority in enforcing behavioural norms. They argue that the potential harm from non-aggressive behaviours is negligible compared to the harm caused by State-imposed cultural standards, drawing a parallel with the oppressive cultural practices observed in the Soviet Union. The letter warns against the dangers of a culture completely dictated by the State, suggesting it would result in a monotonous and uninspired environment in New Zealand. The writer criticises the prevailing laws that impose prison sentences for behaviours deemed unacceptable due to patriarchal ideals, suggesting this situation reflects the nation's immaturity. They reference ""Colonel Prigg"" and other reputable investigators advocating for change, questioning when such necessary reforms will be implemented. The letter emphasises the need for a more open and accepting culture that moves away from legalised persecution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570927_2_7_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570927.2.7.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-387028800
4116,30,09,1957,"Dr. Fisher On Vice Laws (Press, 30 September 1957)","On 28 September 1957, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Geoffrey Fisher, expressed his views on the vice laws in Britain, particularly in relation to the recently released Wolfenden Committee report concerning homosexuality and prostitution. He emphasised the idea that every individual possesses a ""sacred realm of privacy,"" which should not be intruded upon by the law, except in extraordinary circumstances. The Wolfenden Committee had recommended that consensual homosexual acts between adults in private should no longer be criminalised, while calling for harsher penalties for street prostitution. In his comments, the Archbishop acknowledged that while the law might not condone certain behaviours, such as homosexual acts, these actions were ultimately viewable as sinful, though he underscored the importance of an individual's right to privacy in making personal choices. Fisher argued that the law has a role in enhancing the moral strength of the populace. He stated that if the existence of certain behaviours posed a significant moral hazard to society, the law could rightfully intervene. However, he noted the difficulty in determining whether society needed protection from private immoralities and indicated the challenge of instituting effective legal restraints on behaviours such as adultery, fornication, and homosexuality without undermining the report's overarching principles. He stressed that if clear and effective legal methods existed to address these moral concerns, it would be appropriate to adopt them. Conversely, if such methods were not feasible, it was vital to uphold the principle of privacy. Fisher concluded that private moral challenges should ideally be addressed through the moral fortitude of individuals, guided by their spiritual beliefs. In addition to discussing the vice laws, the Archbishop commented on the existing Sunday legislation in Britain, which he described as outdated and somewhat absurd. He conveyed that there was consensus within the Church recognising the need for a review rather than a complete abolition of the laws governing Sunday activities. Fisher suggested the government should establish a committee to evaluate and recommend appropriate changes to modernise the legislation, taking into account both social interests and the specific needs of various occupations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19570930_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19570930.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-386769600
7707,02,10,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 2 October 1957)","A letter published in response to the views of the Archbishop of Canterbury criticises his condemnation of homosexuality as a ""sin."" The author challenges the Archbishop's stance, citing a quote that highlights the folly of denying God’s presence in all things. The writer argues that the church's historical persecution, particularly since the time of Constantine, has influenced current legal attitudes towards homosexuality. They express disappointment that the Archbishop does not exhibit the same tolerance as respected authorities like Dr. Peter Fletcher and Dr. Kenneth Walker, whose writings promote a more accepting Christian perspective on sexuality, as exemplified in their book ""Sex and Society."" The letter expresses a desire for greater understanding and acceptance, contrasting the Archbishop’s position with those of more progressive thinkers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571002_2_63_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571002.2.63.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-386596800
4117,04,10,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 4 October 1957)","In a letter to the editor published on 4 October 1957, M. G. Davies from Hanmer expresses his views on homosexuality, describing it as a ""crime against nature."" He advocates for compassion towards those he considers victims of this condition. Davies argues that it is the responsibility of scientists to assist individuals grappling with homosexuality. Citing ancient wisdom, he refers to the natural laws of cause and effect, highlighting the idea that everything has a designated time and purpose. He suggests that like animals, human beings are subject to natural forces, but unlike them, humans possess free will, enabling them to choose their responses to various stimuli. Davies goes on to assert that when humans do not adhere to the appropriate timing for conception, it can result in biological anomalies, leading to scenarios in which individuals may display traits typically associated with the opposite gender, resulting in homosexual orientations. The letter reflects a perspective that attributes homosexuality to a failure in natural processes, while simultaneously calling for understanding and support for those affected.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571004_2_6_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571004.2.6.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-386424000
4118,10,10,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 10 October 1957)","In a letter published in response to Miss M. G. Davies' assertion that ""homosexuality is a crime against nature,"" the writer challenges this view by referencing Socrates, who is said to have viewed homosexuality as a legitimate expression of human nature. The writer argues that there is no reputable authority today that supports the idea of homosexuality being unnatural despite prevailing legal opinions. Citing the Kinsey report, which indicates that homosexual behaviour is not significantly different from the sexual practices of a substantial portion of the general population, the writer stresses that such behaviour should be considered basic to human species. They reference experts like Dr. Peter Fletcher and Dr. Kenneth Walker, who suggest that the prevalence of homosexual activities does not correlate with psychopathic or psychotic symptoms, contrary to some claims made by opponents. The letter highlights a growing recognition that moral rigidity, rather than compassion, is contributing to the ongoing discrimination and legal persecution of homosexuals. It advocates for a reevaluation of laws that perpetuate this discrimination and calls for a more enlightened understanding of human sexuality. The writer concludes by urging for an end to the ""shameful legislative blot"" affecting the lives of homosexuals, reinforcing the need for legal reform based on compassion and understanding rather than outdated moral judgments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571010_2_7_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571010.2.7.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-385905600
7708,12,10,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 12 October 1957)","In a letter published in ""The Press"" on 12 October 1957, M. G. Davies responds to an earlier correspondence titled ""End Legalising Persecution."" The author references the biblical book of Genesis, specifically chapter 19, verses 4 to 7, to support his views. He argues that when the sanctity of marriage is upheld, it prevents the emergence of what he terms ""intermediate type,"" a reference likely to discussions of gender and sexuality norms. Davies suggests that the consequences of parental actions, or ""the sins of the fathers,"" affect their children, implying a continuity of moral or social issues across generations. His letter reflects the ongoing debates around legalisation and societal values during that era. The editor of ""The Press"" notes that this letter may conclude the correspondence on the topic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571012_2_15_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571012.2.15.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-385732800
4119,16,10,1957,"The Wolfenden Report (Press, 16 October 1957)","In a letter published on 16 October 1957, a writer critiques Miss M. G. Davies's reference to biblical texts regarding assault, arguing that her interpretation is misapplied to homosexual acts that do not constitute assault. The letter highlights the legal implications of such interpretations, suggesting that figures like King David would face modern legal charges for actions that, in context, are not assaultive. The writer invokes the sentiments of Dr. Peter Fletcher and Dr. Kenneth Walker, who express that discussions around homosexuality have led to significant confusion, misunderstanding, and cruelty under the guise of justice. They further note that backlash against non-conventional sexual behaviour is not limited to the uneducated but can also arise from educated individuals. The letter reflects on societal scapegoating across various cultures and calls for an end to what the writer terms ""legalised persecution"" of homosexuals. It argues for a reevaluation of how justice is interpreted and the need for greater understanding in addressing sexual diversity. The letter concludes with a note that correspondence on this topic is now closed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571016_2_7_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571016.2.7.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-385387200
4120,16,11,1957,"Wolfenden Report (Press, 16 November 1957)","On 14 November 1957, the General Assembly of the Church of England voted in favour of a motion stating that homosexual practices between consenting adults should no longer be deemed illegal. The motion, which passed with 155 votes in favour and 133 against, is linked to the recommendations of the Wolfenden Committee, which suggested decriminalising homosexuality while advocating for stricter penalties for street prostitution. The Bishop of Exeter, Dr. Robert Mortimer, proposed the motion and argued in favour of the committee's approach regarding homosexuality, although he did not support all its recommendations on prostitution. Following the vote, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, expressed his perspective by stating that while homosexuality compromises manhood, heterosexuality exceeds this violation by impacting both manhood and womanhood. He suggested that the harm inflicted by heterosexual misconduct is greater than that caused by homosexual acts, which he believed are less prevalent. Dr. Mortimer highlighted that the Wolfenden Committee presented a valid understanding of the purpose of criminal law, delineating that true morality is defined by free choice and personal responsibility. He acknowledged that while the committee was correct in its view that private homosexual conduct among consenting adults should not be criminalised, he did not dismiss the gravity of such behaviour, describing it as a ""disgusting moral incontinence."" In conclusion, he still called for increased penalties for prostitution and those profiting from it, indicating that he viewed a clear distinction between these issues. The discussions reflected broader societal tensions concerning sexual morality and legal implications in mid-20th century Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571116_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571116.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-382708800
4121,06,12,1957,"Church Agrees With Wolfenden Report (Press, 6 December 1957)","On December 5, 1957, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, addressed the House of Lords, advocating for legal reforms regarding homosexuality and prostitution. He expressed his belief that there are clubs of homosexuals in Britain, which he likened to a 'freemasonry' with its own language that makes it difficult for individuals to escape their influence. Dr. Fisher argued that as long as homosexual acts between consenting adults in private remained criminal offences, this subculture would gain strength. He called for a change in legislation to decriminalise such acts, explaining that consent should be paramount in matters of morality. The Archbishop further noted that the current legal framework unjustly regarded clients of prostitutes as 'innocent and untouchable', suggesting punitive measures against them would discourage their behaviour. Dr. Fisher elaborated on the moral landscape surrounding sexuality, highlighting a disparity in societal outrage over homosexual acts compared to heterosexual offences like fornication and adultery. He noted that while heterosexuals prevail in numbers, both sexual inclinations exist across humanity, and the perceived immorality of homosexual acts often overshadows similar indiscretions in heterosexual behaviour. He endorsed key recommendations from the Wolfenden Committee report, which suggested not including private consensual homosexual acts among legal offences, while maintaining protections for individuals under 21. Dr. Fisher recognised the potential for misunderstandings surrounding these proposals but maintained that it was essential to start from the correct principles regarding private rights and moral codes. Moreover, he indicated that the criminalisation of homosexual acts fuels secrecy and contributes to the establishment of organisations that thrive away from public and legal scrutiny. He also mentioned a case of a young man being pursued internationally by these groups, illustrating the pressures individuals face. In closing, Dr. Fisher suggested that if possible, the extreme offence of sodomy should be treated differently from other homosexual acts under the law. He believed that this distinction would acknowledge the complexity of moral and legal considerations surrounding sexual conduct, advocating for a more humane and just legal approach regarding privacy and consent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571206_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571206.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-380980800
4122,09,12,1957,"Report On Morals (Press, 9 December 1957)","A leading article in the British medical journal “The Practitioner,” edited by Sir Heneage Ogilvie and Dr. W. A. R. Thomson, has raised concerns regarding the Committee on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution's recommendation to decriminalise homosexual behaviour between consenting adults in private. Published on 9 December 1957, the article emphasises the need for careful consideration of the far-reaching implications of such a change before it is hastily incorporated into law. While acknowledging the recommendation may be justified on grounds of expediency, the article highlights a lack of compelling arguments beyond this rationale. The article expresses concern over the committee's failure to invite representatives such as headmasters, schoolteachers, and school medical officers to present their insights. These professionals, who have direct knowledge of how homosexuality impacts youth, are deemed crucial voices in the discussion. The article argues that psychiatrists, who constitute much of the committee's consulted expertise, provide only a partial view of the issue that overlooks the perspectives of those who interact with younger generations. The report is critiqued for its limited new contributions, particularly since a symposium on “Sex and its Problems” was published in 1954 by the same journal. Moreover, the article points out the complexities inherent in guiding adolescents through their natural developmental phases, particularly the transition from same-sex attraction to heterosexual relationships. The potential impact of the committee's recommendation on this process raises uncertainties. Thus, the article concludes that, irrespective of the recommendation’s merits, it should not be rushed into legal enactment without ample time for comprehensive analysis. In a separate report, minor fires in the city were documented. A rubbish fire at 136 Manchester Street required the intervention of three units from the Central Fire Station at 8:29 p.m., which caused minimal damage. Another fire was reported at 8:43 a.m. at 436 Avonside Drive, where a hedge fire involving a macrocarpa hedge was slightly damaging. Additionally, a fire on a stove at Mr. Raymond Farrell’s property on 22 Amuri Street was attended by a unit from Sockburn, which was ignited by fat, causing slight damage to a wall.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19571209_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19571209.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-380721600
6549,01,03,1958,"Theatre On Thin Ice (Press, 1 March 1958)","An article from ""The Times"" published on 1 March 1958 discusses the evolving landscape of theatre in London, noting a shift in the types of subjects and characters being presented on stage. Several contemporary plays tackle themes that would have previously faced censorship, highlighting a broader acceptance of controversial topics. The article references the role of the Lord Chamberlain, who historically exercised editorial control over theatrical content. While he may now permit more liberal interpretations of classic works, there remains a cautionary note regarding unrestricted freedom in theatre. The piece acknowledges that while some new plays feature characters from various social issues—such as alcoholism and homosexuality—that might have been excluded in the past, the implications of their inclusion are not straightforward. The author questions whether this liberality is beneficial, suggesting that an unfiltered stage may lead to a lack of substance and mere sensationalism. The nostalgia for a time when limitations may have spurred creativity is evident, suggesting that constraints may enhance the quality of artistic expression. The article also reflects on the impact of modern trends in literature and theatre, indicating that while censorship has eased, the outcome has not universally improved the quality of storytelling or dramatic presentation. The discussion concludes with the idea that a thoughtful approach to what is deemed acceptable on stage may prove crucial for playwrights who aspire to lasting success beyond immediate commercial gains.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19580301_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19580301.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-373636800
4123,27,03,1958,"Appeal Against Death Penalty (Press, 27 March 1958)","Albert Matheson, a 52-year-old man, avoided execution for the killing of 15-year-old Gordon Lockhart following an appeal that was upheld by five judges of the Appeal Court in London on 25 March 1958. Originally convicted of capital murder by a jury in Durham, Matheson's conviction was altered to manslaughter, resulting in a 20-year prison sentence. The case involved a disturbing context where Matheson, described as having a psychopathic personality, killed and mutilated the boy using a claw-headed hammer. It was reported that Matheson was aware that Lockhart possessed £35 at the time of the incident, and there had been a homosexual association between the two. The defence attributed Matheson's actions to ""diminished responsibility."" The Lord Chief Justice, Lord Goddard, acknowledged the severity of the crime and indicated that it was comprehensible for a jury to feel that Matheson should not continue to live, reflecting the profound public and legal implications of such violent acts. Although the specific reasoning behind the appeal decision was not disclosed immediately, it was stated that further details would be provided at a later date.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19580327_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19580327.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-371390400
4124,26,04,1958,"Belles-lettres (Press, 26 April 1958)","The review discusses ""Principles and Persuasions: The Literary Essays of Anthony West,"" published by Eyre and Spottiswoode, comprising a collection of the author's literary reviews from the ""New Yorker"" since 1951. A significant portion of the essays focuses on biographical subjects, including notable figures such as Abraham Lincoln, George Bernard Shaw, and Sir Winston Churchill, who are all enduring topics of literary interest. However, West offers particularly critical views on famous authors such as George Eliot and Charles Dickens, whom he critiques for their personal lives, particularly their marital inconstancy. He argues that a writer's moral integrity is essential for producing good literature, leading him to dismiss Eliot's contributions as a creative artist or serious thinker. The reviewer disputes West's harsh judgement, asserting that the intrinsic value of Eliot's work remains unaffected by her personal life choices, suggesting that his approach conflates separate areas of judgment. West similarly critiques Hugh Walpole in light of Rupert Hart-Davis's biography, focusing on Walpole’s alleged homosexual conduct, which he believes tarnishes Walpole’s standing as a writer. This thematic inclination continues with West's evaluation of Dr Reinhold Niebuhr’s “The Irony of American History,” which the reviewer deems inadequately assessed, indicating that West's understanding of Niebuhr’s arguments is flawed. Other contemporary novelists featured in West's essays include Francois Mauriac, Graham Greene, Ralph Ellison, Ivy Compton-Burnett, and John Dos Passos, with the latter being critiqued for irrelevant content in his biography of Thomas Jefferson. The review highlights a particularly sharp essay titled “Lord Cardigan,” which critiques Mrs Cecil Woodham-Smith’s portrayal of Lord Cardigan in connection to the Charge of the Light Brigade, characterized as a scathing piece of writing. Although the book features moments of humour and a polished reviewing style, the reviewer concludes that West's literary judgement is fundamentally lacking, making many of his opinions disputable. Additionally, the review notes changes at the Stratford-on-Avon theatre, where a new, larger programme design has been introduced to reduce stage reflection, and a Gothic 'S' has replaced the Shakespearean coat of arms, accompanied by new notes from Ivor Brown on the plays presented.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19580426_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19580426.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-368798400
4125,01,07,1958,"Homosexuality Inquiry (Press, 1 July 1958)","On 30 June 1958, the Attorney-General of New South Wales, Mr R. R. Downing, announced the establishment of a committee to investigate homosexuality in the state. This committee will conduct a comprehensive scientific inquiry into the causes of homosexuality and potential treatments for homosexual offenders. The committee's members include psychiatrists, social workers, church representatives, and prison officials. Mr Downing noted that the opening of Cooma Prison, which will serve as a special institution for convicted homosexual offenders, would assist the committee's work. Cooma Prison is distinctive as it will be the only facility in the world specifically designated for the detention of such individuals. In other news, the Indonesian rebel radio reported that rebels intend to continue fighting in Celebes and Sumatra until achieving ""ultimate victory."" The broadcast mentioned that they have inflicted significant losses on government troops in the ongoing conflict in Celebes. Further afield, there are growing concerns in Warsaw regarding the concessions made to Soviet demands. Reports indicated that these concessions create challenges for Poland as the nation seeks to maintain a degree of autonomy without aligning too closely with the Soviet Union. The presence of several Russian divisions in Poland is viewed as a potential threat, while the country's reliance on Soviet raw materials for its industries limits its bargaining power. Despite potential alternatives, Poland lacks the foreign currency needed to procure them. A contentious debate within the Polish Communist Party preceded the approval of the Moscow-imposed stance regarding the Nagy affair. Additionally, a report from Belgrade revealed that the central committee of the Jugoslav Communist Party has decided to release its account of the discussions held between Marshal Tito and Soviet Premier Mr Khrushchev in Bucharest. This meeting, aimed at resolving public disputes between the Jugoslav and Soviet Communist parties over ideological differences, led to an agreement to cease such quarrelling. As a result, Jugoslavia officially recognised East Germany, provoking West Germany to cut diplomatic ties with Jugoslavia in retaliation. With the Bucharest agreement now effectively void, the Jugoslav Party leadership felt compelled to inform Communist members worldwide about the discussions. A summary of the meeting will soon be distributed to Jugoslav party organisations, and it is expected that the Jugoslav press will publish details from the letter issued by the central committee shortly.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19580701_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19580701.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-363096000
7620,04,08,1958,"Woman’s Appeal Fails (Press, 4 August 1958)","On 3 August 1958, the Court of Appeal in Wellington dismissed the divorce petition of Mary Irene Maling from her husband, Paul Robert Harper Maling. The dismissal followed a previous ruling by Mr Justice McGregor, who refused the divorce based on allegations of sodomy against the husband. The case was undefended by the husband, who is a war pensioner from Christchurch, but he submitted a statement acknowledging the act in question. The Court of Appeal decided to refer the case to the Solicitor-General, allowing the Attorney-General to consider whether to participate in the proceedings. Prior to the hearing, the Court imposed restrictions on what could be published regarding the evidence but permitted the names of the parties and their counsel, the basis for the divorce suit, and the Court's decision to be made public. The ruling from the Court of Appeal reaffirmed Mr Justice McGregor's conclusion that, according to precedents set by the Court of Appeal in England, a wife who consents to acts of sodomy cannot seek a divorce on those grounds. The judgment was delivered by Mr Justice North, with Mr Justice K. M. Gresson and Mr Justice Cleary also on the bench. Representation included Mr P. H. T. Alpers for the appellant and Mr C. N. Irvine for the Attorney-General.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19580804_2_166.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19580804.2.166,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-360158400
7709,25,08,1958,"Court Sentences (Press, 25 August 1958)","On 25 August 1958, a letter to the editor addressed the sentences handed down by the Supreme Court in three separate criminal cases, highlighting a perceived disparity in the societal attitudes towards different offences. The cases included shop-breaking, indecent assault on young girls, and consensual sexual intercourse between adult males. The letter noted that the sentences for these offences were two years’ imprisonment for shop-breaking, a monetary penalty of £72 7s 6d for indecent assault, and an indeterminate imprisonment term of up to 14 years for the consensual sexual act. The writer expressed concern that society seems to be quite lenient towards shop-breaking, suggesting a lack of serious disapproval for this crime compared to the harsh punishment for consensual homosexual acts. They argued that the severe sentence for consensual acts disregards multiple reputable sources, including the Wolfenden Report, the Kinsey Report, and the Church of England committee report, all of which advocate for the decriminalisation of sexual intercourse between consenting adult males. The letter framed the imposition of such harsh sentences as a form of ""slavery,"" particularly when the punishment was deemed unjustifiable, reflecting a broader critique of the justice system’s failure to align with contemporary understandings of morality and human rights. The author called for a reassessment of these legal perspectives, suggesting that current laws may not serve the interests of justice or reflect the evolving views within society regarding personal liberty and consensual relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19580825_2_8_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19580825.2.8.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-358344000
4126,12,09,1958,"Court Sentences (Press, 12 September 1958)","In a letter published on 12 September 1958, a writer responds to views on the penalisation of homosexual relationships, emphasising that the concept of penal servitude amounts to extreme slavery. The writer contrasts this with the nature of slavery in ancient Greece, which they argue was considered to be more benign due to the cultural appreciation of democracy and individual respect in that society. The correspondent critiques the mentality of those who advocate for severe court sentences for consenting homosexuals, describing it as reminiscent of a “storm troop mentality.” They draw a parallel between such punitive attitudes and historical practices of discrimination and violence against certain groups, likening the pursuit of homosexuals to the sport of fox-hunting among the wealthy. The letter highlights a recent tragic incident involving a prominent cancer research scientist who took his own life amid police investigations, suggesting that these inquiries were unfounded as there was no indication of any wrongdoing on his part. This illustrates the potential consequences of societal stigma and the harsh legal repercussions faced by individuals within the LGBTQ+ community. The writer aims to assert that more understanding and a compassionate approach should be taken, distancing themselves from any implications of being part of the circles discussed. The letter calls for a cessation of such debates, indicating a desire for more constructive conversations regarding individual rights and societal responsibility.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19580912_2_42_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19580912.2.42.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-356788800
4127,01,11,1958,"Men Committed For Sentence (Press, 1 November 1958)","On 1 November 1958, two men in Lower Hutt, New Zealand, appeared before Justices of the Peace to answer charges related to homosexuality, where they both pleaded guilty. They were subsequently committed to the Supreme Court for sentencing. The men were identified as Brian Patrick Grimstrup, a 22-year-old clerk from Petone, and Michael Joseph O'Sullivan, a 20-year-old workman from Naenae. Grimstrup admitted to committing an unnatural offence, attempting the same offence, and aiding and abetting in further incidents. He was represented by Mr G. C. Hogg. O’Sullivan faced more serious allegations, admitting to four counts of committing an unnatural offence, one of aiding and abetting, and two counts of indecent assault on a male, with representation by Mr E. B. Robertson. Additionally, a third individual, Ernest William Johnson-Lee, a 29-year-old carpenter from Taita, pleaded not guilty to charges of indecently assaulting a male and aiding and abetting in an unnatural offence. He was represented by Mr A. G. Keesing. The case against these men emerged after Detective-Sergeant E. G. A. Rippin indicated that O’Sullivan was arrested on 19 October while participating in homosexual offences, which triggered further investigations that implicated others involved in similar activities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19581101_2_136.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19581101.2.136,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-352468800
4128,08,11,1958,"New Fiction (Press, 8 November 1958)","The news story discusses several novels reviewed in a publication on 8 November 1958. The first is ""Cotton Web"" by Barbara Hunt, a detailed epic novel chronicling the decline of the New England cotton industry during the early 20th century. The narrative vividly portrays the historical context of Fall River, focusing on mill-owners driven by greed, immigrant workers facing wage cuts, and the stringent Puritan morals which harshly condemned any form of sexual laxity. The story revolves around Barnabas Olney, a principled mill owner who, after his son Lucian seduces and abandons Kitty McCarran, an Irish millworker, takes her in after she bears Lucian's child. Barnabas's compassionate act is misinterpreted, leading to his ostracisation by the community, who mistakenly believes him to be the child's father. The portrayal of a range of characters adds depth to the narrative, connecting personal struggles to the broader tapestry of American history. Another novel reviewed is ""Husband For Victoria"" by Vaughan Wilkins, which wraps up a trilogy starting with ""And So—Victoria."" It is noted that the book can stand alone and is celebrated for Wilkins's engaging writing style and extensive historical knowledge. The story opens with Queen Victoria contemplating a marriage proposal to Prince Albert. The narrative then dives back into the intrigues of the Napoleonic era, introducing various characters. However, the plot becomes convoluted, confusing some readers while they attempt to follow the numerous threads, although the mystery surrounding Prince Albert's lineage is intriguing for those keen on detective narratives. The review also touches on ""Later Than You Think"" by M. M. Kaye, set against the backdrop of Kenya. The novel revolves around the murder of Alice Deßrett and features Victoria Caryll, who returns to the family estate to assist in its management. Complications arise due to her past feelings for Eden Deßrett, Alice's husband, creating personal and investigative tensions. The police face challenges as all white suspects are familiar faces, and a native claims that the murder was committed by Alice’s aunt. The plot is filled with red herrings and culminates in a surprising conclusion, making it appealing to crime fiction fans. Lastly, ""No Language But a Cry"" by Lennox Cook is noted for its challenging subject matter, centred on Martin Henley, a homosexual man navigating life in Bangkok while working for a timber firm. His past incarceration for his sexual orientation haunts him, complicating his relationship with Diana, an embassy worker who becomes enamoured with him. The story captures the struggles of Henley as he attempts to connect with Diana while grappling with his unfulfilled affections towards his boss. Although the book offers meticulously drawn characters, it is described as a rather depressing narrative. These reviews highlight a range of themes from societal issues and historical contexts to personal dilemmas, showcasing the literary landscape of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19581108_2_6_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19581108.2.6.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-351864000
4129,28,11,1958,"Prostitution In Britain (Press, 28 November 1958)","On 26 November 1958, the Home Secretary, Mr R. A. Butler, addressed the House of Commons regarding new proposed laws focusing on prostitution and homosexuality, following his secret tours of London’s vice areas. According to reports, Mr Butler acknowledged the urgent need to improve the situation in London, where he believed prostitution was more severe than in any other British city. He mentioned the distress and fear felt by the community concerning the state of streets in various regions, particularly in areas like the West End, Paddington, and Stepney. Mr Butler’s discussions with top police officers resulted in a call for urgent action from the Cabinet. He planned to present new legislation that would be informed by insights gathered during the parliamentary debate. Key components of the proposed bill included measures aimed at intervention for young individuals entering prostitution, allowing warnings and involvement of special officials to assist in their reform. The legislation sought to empower police by simplifying the process for charging known prostitutes with soliciting, removing the requirement to demonstrate that someone was annoyed by their actions. Furthermore, the proposals included stricter penalties, such as substantial fines and imprisonment for repeated soliciting offences, and an increased maximum penalty from two to five years for men profiting from a woman's immoral earnings. When addressing the subject of homosexuality, Mr Butler recognised the significant portion of the population that firmly opposed such conduct and expressed concern that any legislative shift might suggest approval or tolerance for what they considered a serious moral issue. As a consequence, he asserted that the government deemed it inappropriate at that time to move forward with legislative changes regarding the recommendations of the Wolfenden Committee on homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19581128_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19581128.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-350136000
4130,28,03,1959,"James Courage's New Novel (Press, 28 March 1959)","In his latest novel ""A Way of Love,"" published by Jonathan Cape in 1959, New Zealand author James Courage explores the complexities of a homosexual relationship with a seriousness and dignity that marks a departure from his earlier works. Previously known for his sensitive portrayals of personal relationships rooted in New Zealand life, Courage now addresses a more controversial theme, presenting a sympathetic study of the challenges faced by homosexual individuals, particularly those striving for integrity in their lives. The narrative revolves around a middle-aged architect living in London, who has come to terms with his homosexuality and navigates life in a largely solitary fashion. His social circle includes other men who share similar experiences, predominantly characterised by isolation or fleeting encounters, illustrating the emotional struggles inherent in their lives. Only one character in his circle, who is married, is portrayed as having sought an alternative resolution to his homosexual identity, albeit unsuccessfully. Courage’s central plot features the architect’s cautious approach to a young man he meets at a concert, whom he instinctively perceives to share his orientation. With great sensitivity, he engages with the young man, attempting to allow him the space to make his own choices about his identity. However, the young man’s inability to fully embrace his nature ultimately results in the architect experiencing yet another abandonment, a poignant testament to the heartache that often accompanies such relationships. Critically, the novel has been described as more of an argument wrapped in a narrative framework, often leading to a tone of boredom due to its focus on the emotional emptiness faced by its characters. While Courage’s observational skills in depicting the nuances of his characters’ speech, attire, and lifestyles are praised, some readers may question the artistic merit of tackling the subject matter in this manner. The novel sidesteps the criminal aspects often associated with homosexual life in urban settings, focusing instead on the honest struggles of men attempting to lead as normal a life as possible amidst societal prejudices. Overall, ""A Way of Love"" is seen as a sincere attempt to foster greater understanding and sympathy for homosexual individuals confronting societal challenges, highlighting the melancholy and complexities of their experiences. While it may not achieve widespread artistic acclaim, its earnest portrayal is likely to resonate with readers and evoke empathy for those navigating the difficult landscape of their identities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590328_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590328.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-339768000
4131,20,05,1959,"Fined £20 On Two Charges (Press, 20 May 1959)","On 19 May 1959, a 26-year-old nursing orderly, Barry Charles Saunders, was sentenced in the Magistrate’s Court at Lower Hutt for attempting to send indecent matter through the post. Saunders faced two charges and was fined £10 for each charge by Mr W. S. Spence, S.M., who also ordered the destruction of the indecent materials. During the proceedings, Saunders' defence counsel, Mr E. B. Robertson, argued that his client had been lured into this behaviour by magazines sold in Wellington that deceptively marketed themselves as health and strength publications but included thinly disguised advertisements of a homosexual nature. The court acknowledged that while the letters involved were indeed indecent, the photographs could be considered less so unless linked with the letters. The letters were intended for Australia, where the photographs had originated. This case reflects the societal attitudes towards indecency and homosexuality in New Zealand during the late 1950s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590520_2_151.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590520.2.151,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-335188800
4132,10,06,1959,"Liberace Brings Libel Action (Press, 10 June 1959)","On 9 June 1959, American pianist Liberace, known for his extravagant attire, continued his libel suit against the British newspaper ""Daily Mirror"" and its columnist, William Connor, also known as ""Cassandra."" The case stems from two articles published in 1956, which Liberace claims were malicious and implied that he was homosexual. The ""Daily Mirror"" defended its articles by asserting that the statements were true and represented fair comment. Liberace's counsel, Gilbert Beyfus, Q.C., argued that one article presented an inference that Liberace was a homosexual, citing phrases that described him as “the summit of sex” and “the biggest sentimental vomit of all time.” Liberace strongly denied these allegations while on the witness stand, stating that the claims caused him and his family significant distress, particularly his mother, who was so upset that she left England. During the trial, Liberace shared details about his popularity, including having over 200 fan clubs in America, receiving thousands of letters weekly, and earning an impressive income. He also mentioned how the alleged statements in the newspaper articles led to derogatory shouts from audiences at his performances in the UK. The defence included a claim that Liberace had made a disparaging remark about Princess Margaret in a previous television interview, which was cited as part of the case against him. However, Liberace clarified that his remarks were not intended to be inappropriate. His counsel argued that the articles published by Connor were a personal attack on Liberace's character and reputation, framing him not as a mere entertainer but as a victim of a “literary assassin” whose goal was to damage reputations for sensational readership. As the proceedings continued, it was evident that the case was not just about defamation but also about the broader implications of public perception and personal integrity in the face of public scrutiny. The trial would resume the next day as both parties prepared to continue presenting their arguments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590610_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590610.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-333374400
4133,11,06,1959,"Jury To See Films Of Liberace’s Tv Performances (Press, 11 June 1959)","On 10 June 1959, in London, the trial of famous American pianist and entertainer Liberace against the ""Daily Mirror"" and its columnist William Connor commenced its second day in Court. Liberace is suing for libel, alleging that articles published in 1956 had severely damaged his reputation and implied he was a homosexual. During the proceedings, it was suggested that the jury might view films of Liberace’s television performances to determine the nature of his act—whether it was suggestive or not. In his testimony, Liberace continued to assert that the articles had attacked his morals and led to significant personal distress, including the illness of his mother. He is seeking unspecified damages for the contents of the articles, which he claims were malicious in intent. The defendants argue that the statements made were true and constituted fair commentary, prompting Liberace to rebut their claims vigorously. The spectator gallery remained crowded, predominantly with female attendees. Liberace reacted strongly when a song about him, performed by comedian Jimmy Thompson, was presented to the jury. The lyrics playfully suggested his correspondence was mainly from women seeking his affection. Liberace claimed to have been unaware of the song's suggestive nature and expressed shock at its portrayal of him. During questioning, Liberace denied any intent to exploit sex appeal in his performances and rejected claims that he had engaged in any deceptive practices regarding his persona. He addressed accusations regarding his public image, asserting, ""I have never considered myself as a sex-appeal artist."" Responses regarding his grooming habits included using after-shave and deodorants, but no perfumes, affirming that his appeal was not based on sexuality but on his talent and connection with audiences. Throughout the inquiry, Liberace emphasised the emotional impact of the articles on his life and career, indicating a broader narrative of public perception surrounding his image. He referenced how the implications of the articles caused anguish and mockery, stating it had taken a toll not only on him but also on those close to him. As the hearing continued, the nature of his presentations came under scrutiny, including a performance that featured a nun and a child, which he attributed to audience enjoyment rather than any sexual connotation. Liberace expressed admiration for entertainment icons like Marilyn Monroe but declined to compare himself to them. The legal proceedings drew considerable media attention, highlighting cultural tensions surrounding celebrity, sexuality, and the boundaries of public comment. The lawyer for the defendants sought to undermine Liberace's claims by paralleling his performances with established norms of entertainment while Liberace stood firm in his denial of the allegations against him, firmly positioning the trial as not just a personal matter but a fight for his reputation. The case was set to resume the following day, with no details revealed about the amount of damages being sought in the trial, a procedural nuance due to the differing legal standards in England compared to New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590611_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590611.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-333288000
4134,13,06,1959,"“Cassandra"" Denies Inference In Article (Press, 13 June 1959)","On 12 June 1959, the jury in the libel case brought by the famous American entertainer Liberace against the ""Daily Mirror"" was instructed by High Court Judge Mr Justice Salmon not to watch Liberace's scheduled television performance on ""Sunday Night at the London Palladium."" The judge expressed concern that viewing the programme could lead the jury to form a biased impression regarding the case. Liberace is suing the newspaper and its columnist ""Cassandra,"" whose real name is William Connor, for damages over two articles written during Liberace's 1956 tour of England, which he claims libelled him by implying he was homosexual. Liberace has firmly denied these allegations. In court, Connor and the ""Daily Mirror"" defended their articles by stating that their assertions were true and their opinions were fair comment. During the day’s proceedings, Connor underwent an intense five-hour cross-examination from Liberace's legal representative, Mr Gilbert Beyfus QC. Connor, reportedly one of Fleet Street's highest-paid columnists, expressed his disdain for Liberace’s performances, calling them nauseating, but insisted that he never intended to suggest that Liberace was homosexual. He maintained that his critique was an honest opinion, focused more on what he perceived as theatrical excess rather than the entertainer's sexuality. Connor also objected to the portrayal of religious themes in Liberace's shows, particularly a performance where a woman dressed as a nun appeared in front of the Madonna, calling it a misuse of a sacred occasion. He noted that he found Liberace's appeal to audiences was unique, likening it to a totalitarian draw that could captivate diverse crowds, even in challenging venues like Madison Square Garden in New York. The court session delved into Connor's word choices, particularly regarding the use of slang terms. When questioned about the slang term ""fruit,"" which is associated with homosexuality and had appeared in his writings, Connor responded that he had been unaware of its connotation in the United States, stating it had surprised him. He clarified that his remarks about Liberace being a ""grimacing messiah"" stemmed from his honest opinion rather than an intention to signal something derogatory regarding the entertainer's character. The proceedings highlight the intersection of public opinion, media portrayal, and the personal ramifications of such representations, with Liberace vehemently defending his reputation while Connor navigated the complexities of his journalistic expressions. The case reflects larger societal themes of the time regarding sexuality and the impact of media commentary. The court adjourned until the following morning.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590613_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590613.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-333115200
4135,17,06,1959,"Liberace’s Libel Action Enters Last Stages (Press, 17 June 1959)","Liberace's libel case against the ""Daily Mirror"" and its columnist William Connor, known as ""Cassandra,"" is nearing conclusion as of 15 June 1959. The case is being presented to a jury with Mr Gerald Gardiner, Q.C., representing the ""Daily Mirror"" while Liberace’s counsel, Mr Gilbert Beyfus, Q.C., is expected to request not just compensatory damages but also punitive damages against the newspaper. Liberace is alleging that two articles published during his 1956 tour of England defamed him, claiming they suggested he was homosexual. The defence maintains that the articles were a truthful and fair commentary with no such implication. One contentious detail was highlighted in court where it was noted that Liberace's home contained 200 items designed in the likeness of a piano, including ashtrays, cushions, and coffee tables. Donald Zee, a writer for the ""Daily Mirror,"" described his visit to Liberace's Hollywood residence, expressing a mix of admiration for Liberace's musical talent and bemusement at his flamboyant behaviour. He recounted that while Liberace's performances sometimes felt excessive or ""nauseating,"" he still found him to be a congenial host. Interestingly, Zee explained that there were only two actual pianos in Liberace's home, contrasting with the multitude of piano-themed decorations throughout the house, even extending to the bedroom and bathroom. At a news conference in Cherbourg, Liberace was described as adorned with an excessive amount of jewellery featuring piano motifs and heavily perfumed. During his visit, Zee recalled sharing a playful moment with Liberace, where they both played the initial notes of ""Rustle of Spring"" at separate pianos. Zee was surprised by Liberace's graciousness when he expressed gratitude for a satirical piece Zee had written about his visit, an act that suggested to Zee that Liberace valued publicity over his personal feelings or, alternatively, had not read the article at all. Hugh Cudlipp, the editorial director of the ""Daily Mirror,"" characterised Connor as a brilliant and sometimes fierce journalist, acknowledging his formidable nature in debates. As the case reaches its climax, the jury's forthcoming decision will hinge on the interpretations of the articles' content and how it relates to the claims of defamation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590617_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590617.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-332769600
4136,18,06,1959,"Liberace Said To Have ‘bee In Bonnet” (Press, 18 June 1959)","On 18 June 1959, the High Court in London prepared to deliver a verdict in the libel case brought by American pianist Liberace against the ""Daily Mirror"" and its columnist, William Connor, known by the pen name ""Cassandra."" This marked the conclusion of a six-day trial, with Mr Justice Salmon finishing his summation, expected to last about another hour. Liberace accused the ""Daily Mirror"" of libelling him in an article from September 1956, which he claimed suggested he was homosexual. In his closing arguments, Gerald Gardiner, Q.C. for the newspaper, suggested that Liberace was overly sensitive about allegations concerning his sexuality, stating that he seemed to have a ""bee in his bonnet"" regarding such accusations. On the other hand, Gilbert Beyfus, Q.C. representing Liberace, characterised the ""Daily Mirror"" as aggressively sensationalist, labelling it as “vicious and violent; venomous and vindicative.” Beyfus urged the jury to make a significant damages award to discourage the newspaper's sensationalist practices, arguing for consequences that would impact its financial considerations. Justice Salmon highlighted the importance of fair comment and the rights of individuals to express their opinions robustly. He directed the jury to determine whether Connor sincerely held the views he expressed in his articles. The jury faced five specific questions relating to the meanings of the words used in the articles, including whether they implied that Liberace was homosexual, whether those words were true or fair comment, and if they constituted grounds for damages. The judge noted that Liberace had to convince the jury that the ordinary person would interpret Connor's words as indicating he was homosexual. While some more charged phrases could be disregarded, the jury needed to assess the overall meaning of the language used in the articles. In other news on the same day, significant diplomatic discussions were taking place in Athens regarding missile bases and the defence of the Balkan region, with talks between Greek officials and Jugoslav Foreign Minister Koca Popovic. This meeting coincided with growing tensions stemming from a Soviet push for an atomic-free zone in the Balkans amidst concerns about the siting of American rocket bases in neighbouring countries. Additionally, an editorial in Vatican City praised Queen Elizabeth II for appointing a Ghanaian officer, Major Joseph Edward Michel, as a royal equerry, highlighting the significance of this decision against the backdrop of ongoing racial tensions arising from a recent murder incident involving individuals of African descent in London. The editorial noted that the Queen's appointment provided a positive example amidst these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590618_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590618.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-332683200
4137,19,06,1959,"£8000 Damages To Liberace (Press, 19 June 1959)","On 17 June 1959, American pianist Liberace won a libel case against the British newspaper “Daily Mirror” and its columnist “Cassandra” (William Connor), receiving £8000 in damages along with costs. The verdict was reached by a jury of ten men and two women, who determined that Connor had implied in his writings that Liberace was a homosexual. However, they found in favour of Connor regarding a second article which was deemed fair comment, awarding costs to the newspaper. A notable incident during the trial involved a female juror, identified as Mrs Friend, who reportedly winked and smiled at Liberace just before the jury announced their verdict. Upon reflection, she acknowledged her excitement about the case and her admiration for Liberace, admitting she didn't consciously intend to communicate with him. Following the verdict, there were reports of her having tea at the Savoy Hotel, where Liberace was also staying. When Liberace performed at the Chiswick Empire Theatre later that day, he was met with enthusiastic applause and cheers from a supportive audience. Expressing his gratitude, he remarked on the fairness of English justice, reinforcing his positive feelings after the jury's decision. He also made light-hearted comments during his performance, responding to an audience's cheeky invitation for him to join them. In related news, on 18 June 1959, a tragic fire at the old Woodbine racecourse in Toronto resulted in the deaths of at least five racehorses. The flames engulfed the stable area, sparking chaos as many horses fled to safety. The old racecourse was housing approximately 200 horses for a meeting at the new Woodbine track located in suburban Malton.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590619_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590619.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-332596800
4138,20,06,1959,"New Fiction (Press, 20 June 1959)","On 20 June 1959, several notable books were reviewed, offering a glimpse into diverse narratives and character portrayals. The first book is ""Collins"" by John P. Marquand, a novel that focuses on Thomas Arrow, a New York playwright who, despite his material success, struggles to find true happiness. Marquand presents Arrow as a kind and compassionate character, whose troubles stem from his selflessness. The pacing of the story is leisurely until reaching a powerful climax that solidifies Arrow’s journey to self-awareness and manhood. Next is ""Mademoiselle B."" by Nancy Pearson, a sensitive tale set in a French girls' school, depicting a significant friendship between an eighteen-year-old student and a mysterious staff member. The story takes a turn when secrets of Mademoiselle B.'s past reveal the complexities of her emotions, leading to a tragic rejection by the girl, who grapples with an unexpected homosexual undertone in their bond. ""Sammy Anderson, Commercial Traveller"" by H. D. Williamson features a commercial traveller in Sydney, presenting not just Sammy's story but those of his fellow travellers as well. Williamson portrays rural New South Wales' way of life with perceptive and vivid storytelling, showcasing a rich array of human experiences seldom highlighted in literature. In ""The World of Henry Orient,"" debut author Nora Johnson adeptly captures the inner lives of young girls at a New York school. The friendship between talented musician Valerie and sincere classmate Marian evolves amidst personal challenges, including Valerie's unstable family life and the complexities of adolescent relationships, culminating in a poignant exploration of youth. ""Goldfinger"" by Ian Fleming brings back James Bond in another adventure, this time facing Auric Goldfinger, a character with a pathological obsession with gold. The novel's mix of cynicism and thrilling escapism captivates, although some critics feel it stretches credibility too far during its climactic raid on Fort Knox, raising concerns about the believability of the plot. Leslie Blight’s ""The Stone Pigeon"" presents a raw narrative set in rural Worcestershire, where family dynamics and the repercussions of war are explored through the lens of old Meredith’s damaging legacy. The story delves into themes of mental illness and the nuances of rural life, enriched by its detailed character portrayals. In ""The Hellbuster,"" Frank Bruno offers a glimpse into early New Zealand's violent past, characterised by coarse storytelling that eschews introspection. Bruno’s narrative unfolds in 1843, presenting a gritty tale of survival and moral complexities as characters navigate a rough colonial environment, showcasing both violent actions and the harshness of early settler life. Finally, Ronald Fraser’s ""Jupiter in The Chair"" attempts to merge science fiction with comedy, exploring an interplanetary conference at Abbotsfield. Despite its ambitious premise, the narrative is critiqued for being confusing and hard to follow for new readers unfamiliar with Fraser’s earlier works, struggling to blend whimsy with complex themes. Overall, these works reflect diverse human experiences and the authors’ unique narrative styles, each contributing to a rich tapestry of storytelling in the literary world of 1959.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590620_2_6_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590620.2.6.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-332510400
4139,23,06,1959,"Homosexual Law Reform Society Appeals For World... (Press, 23 June 1959)","On 23 June 1959, the Homosexual Law Reform Society in London, led by the Rev. A. Hallidie Smith, issued an appeal for global support regarding the implementation of the recommendations from the Wolfenden Report. This report proposed that consensual homosexual acts between adults in private should not be classified as a criminal offence. The society contends that this issue warrants attention from thoughtful individuals around the world, prompting them to reach out to nearly 100 significant newspapers and periodicals for assistance. In the letter, Mr Smith highlighted the growing concerns in Great Britain over the strict laws governing homosexual behaviour. Under current legislation, homosexual acts can incur penalties of up to life imprisonment, although this maximum sentence is rarely enforced. However, the existence of such severe laws often results in disproportionately harsh sentencing for those prosecuted. The Wolfenden committee, set up by the Government and headed by Sir John Wolfenden, recommended reforms back in 1957. Their proposals received substantial backing, including support from the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, various church assemblies, the Church of England’s Moral Welfare Council, and even a Roman Catholic advisory committee. Additionally, many prominent newspapers and individuals across different sectors supported the reforms. Despite this widespread endorsement, the government has yet to take legislative action aligned with the committee's recommendations. The letter also notes the ongoing issue of prosecutions for consensual homosexual acts among adults, indicating that there has been no decrease in such cases despite public backing for reform. The Homosexual Law Reform Society, established in May 1958, aims to advocate for the Wolfenden proposals and believes the current laws are unjust and excessively harsh. The society is actively working to raise awareness through letters to the press, communication with Parliament members, and the distribution of informational materials to the public. They argue that their efforts will help alleviate unnecessary suffering and open up avenues for productive discussion and research on this challenging topic. The organisation is seeking support, both financial and otherwise, from those who resonate with their cause, which they regard as a fundamental matter of justice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590623_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590623.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-332251200
7710,15,07,1959,"“undesirable Characters"" (Press, 15 July 1959)","On 13 July 1959, a discussion on the BBC television programme ""Brains Trust"" led to criticism of the Apostle St. Paul, with claims that he held undesirable views, particularly regarding sexuality. This commentary was made by Sir Ifor Evans, the Provost of University College, London, who asserted that St. Paul viewed sex as inherently evil and sexual desires as dreadful—a perspective he contrasted with that of Christ. The topic arose in the context of a recent ruling by Cardinal Deniel, the 83-year-old Primate of Spain, who deemed it inappropriate for engaged couples to display affection by walking arm-in-arm or to participate in mixed bathing. During the programme, Sir Ifor’s views were echoed by Dr. Leslie Weatherhead, another panel member, who suggested that St. Paul’s attitudes towards women warranted psychiatric treatment. In conclusion, the question master, Sir John Wolfenden, speculated that St. Paul could be seen as the archetypical puritan, implying that Cardinal Deniel’s stances might align with such puritanical views. This discussion reflects a broader critique of historical religious figures and their influence on contemporary attitudes toward sexuality and gender relations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590715_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590715.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-330350400
4140,12,08,1959,"Casement Diaries Made Public (Press, 12 August 1959)","On 11 August 1959, the ""Daily Telegraph"" reported on a significant historical revelation regarding the ""Casement diaries,"" which had remained a source of controversy since their emergence following Sir Roger Casement's execution for treason in 1916. An 81-year-old former British naval intelligence officer, Captain C. P. Walcott, shared details of a secret mission he undertook to the United States during the First World War to publicise these diaries. This disclosure coincided with the British government's recent decision to allow the diaries, which had previously been banned, to be inspected by scholars and authors. Casement, who had occupied notable positions in the British consular service, was associated with allegations of treason, primarily due to his efforts to persuade Irishmen among British POWs in Germany to form an ""Irish brigade"" against England. His diaries contain explicit accounts of homosexual conduct, which have led some to speculate that they may be forgeries created by the British government to tarnish his reputation among Irish Americans, who were a vocal group critical of the British during the trial. Captain Walcott recounted his involvement under Admiral Sir Reginald Hall, the Chief of Naval Intelligence. He detailed how he was given £20 million worth of bonds to deliver to the American banker J.P. Morgan in New York. Once in the United States, he handed the diaries over to Admiral Sir Guy Gaunt, the Naval Attaché in Washington. The diaries consist of three volumes and two notebooks, documenting Casement’s life from February 1903 to December 1911. They include elaborate descriptions of homosexual acts, particularly highlighting a pattern in the later diaries, which raised questions about the authenticity of their content. MP Montgomery Hyde and journalist Rene Mac Coll, both of whom have written about Casement, have been granted access to the documents for study but have criticized the lack of permission for further authentication processes, such as photographing pages or conducting ultra-violet tests. The Home Secretary at the time, Mr. Butler, expressed that the diaries were of historical interest and believed them to be authentic, despite the ongoing debate surrounding their content. While the entries largely reference Casement’s interest in Ireland and contain no direct links to treasonous activities, their salacious nature and frequency of described homosexual encounters led Hyde to question whether they were genuine experiences or the product of a potentially disturbed mind. The discussion around the diaries remains complex, with their release opening a new chapter in the understanding of both Casement’s life and the historical context of his actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590812_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590812.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-327931200
4141,29,08,1959,"Parliament Important Changes In Crimes Bill (Press, 29 August 1959)","On 28 August 1959, the House of Representatives in Wellington saw the introduction of a comprehensive Crimes Bill comprising 424 clauses. This bill aims to consolidate and amend the Crimes Act of 1908, reflecting significant revisions to New Zealand's criminal code. Initially presented in 1957, the bill did not progress at that time. The existing legal framework dates back to the Criminal Code Act of 1893, which was influenced by an English code from 1879 but was never adopted in England itself. A major aspect of the new bill is its revision of penalties, striving for a more equitable balance between crimes against people and property. Notably, the death penalty for murder has been abolished, replaced by a mandatory life imprisonment sentence. Life sentences for other offences have been removed, with a maximum determinate sentence of 14 years established for various crimes. However, the courts retain the authority to impose unlimited preventive detention for repeat sexual offenders. The bill introduces provisions that bars conviction for crimes pertaining to United Kingdom statutes unless equivalent laws are included within the bill itself. Additionally, it establishes several new crimes such as communicating secrets, sabotage related to defence, exploitation of prostitutes, and several forms of violence, including kidnapping and cruelty to children. Several outdated offences are abolished, including those addressing piracy and libelling foreign sovereigns. Current bribery laws are extended to cover a broader range of public officials. The bill also strengthens the penalties for crimes against children, while introducing new provisions to handle sexual offences that don't constitute technical assaults. In terms of homicide laws, the bill notably revises provocation definitions and introduces the concept of diminished responsibility, allowing certain murder charges to be reduced to manslaughter. The crime of infanticide with lesser penalties is also established. False pretences are addressed under the new legislation, focusing on promises made with no intent to perform. Criminal damage laws are adjusted to eliminate offences against property jointly owned, unless with fraudulent intent. In matters of contempt of court, the legislation creates a right of appeal against sentences and convictions. Attempted suicide is decriminalised, with plans to develop provisions under health legislation for those at risk of suicide. The bill clarifies the jurisdictional reach concerning offences committed outside New Zealand, distinguishing exceptions involving serious infractions such as treason or piracy. Furthermore, it expands jurisdiction to include indictable offences committed on ships and aircraft by New Zealand residents, regardless of their citizenship. This extensive overhaul reflects a pivotal shift in New Zealand's legal landscape, aiming for a more modern, equitable approach to its criminal justice system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590829_2_154.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590829.2.154,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-326462400
4142,10,09,1959,"Casement Diaries Believed Genuine (Press, 10 September 1959)","On 10 September 1959, Bu H. Montgomery Hyde, M.P., provided a significant update regarding the notorious Black Diaries of Sir Roger Casement, a historical figure known for his complex legacy. Montgomery Hyde, who had campaigned for years to confirm the existence and authenticity of these diaries, was the first person outside government officials to review the documents since they had been under Home Office control. The backstory reveals that Casement, an Irish nationalist and former British consul, had a distinguished career before he was implicated in treason for his role in seeking German support for an Irish uprising during World War I. Upon his capture in 1916, following a landing from a German submarine, Casement was tried and executed, with his diaries reportedly detailing his homosexual practices and personal thoughts, which were considered scandalous at the time. The diaries were kept in the so-called ""Black Museum"" of Scotland Yard and were finally acknowledged by the government earlier in 1959 when the Home Secretary publicly confirmed their existence. This confirmed long-held suspicions that they had been hidden away following Casement's trial, and it was decided to deposit the originals in the Public Records Office for historians to access, provided they had legitimate scholarly reasons. Montgomery Hyde meticulously examined the five volumes of the diaries, which included Diana personal accounts, a cash ledger highlighting his financial dealings, and various observations that addressed social issues of the time, including his commentary on the treatment of homosexuality in society. The diaries recorded a significant escalation in Casement's same-sex encounters over the years, which Montgomery Hyde noted spanned hundreds of references by 1911. While the diaries were not used in the original treason trial, their implications have long stirred controversy. Hyde highlighted that influential individuals circulated selected pages of the diaries to undermine any attempts at gaining a reprieve for Casement, which further complicated his posthumous reputation, particularly in Ireland and the United States where he is viewed as a patriot rather than a traitor. Additional experts, including politicians like Michael Collins, later confirmed the handwriting in the diaries matched Casement’s known writing. Despite this, doubts remain among some factions about the diaries' authenticity, particularly regarding their content. Hyde called attention to the need for scientific examination to fully ascertain their legitimacy and hoped that determining the diaries' authenticity could finally put to rest longstanding debates about Casement's character and the actions of those who managed the diaries in the years following his death. Overall, the revelation of the diaries being accessible for examination represented not only a significant moment in understanding Sir Roger Casement's life and identity but also a step toward re-evaluating narratives surrounding one of Ireland’s controversial historical figures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590910_2_212.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590910.2.212,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-325425600
7621,23,09,1959,"Penalties In Crimes Bill (Press, 23 September 1959)","On 22 September 1959, in Auckland, the president of the Holy Name Society, Mr. W. S. Otto, expressed grave concerns from Catholic men regarding certain provisions of the Crimes Bill currently under consideration in Parliament. While he acknowledged the legislators’ intent to increase penalties for specific offences against morality and public welfare, he highlighted that the bill proposed to reduce penalties related to acts of sodomy and bestiality, which he deemed abhorrent. Mr. Otto articulated that this move would be seen as an affront to Christian values, particularly by parents of teenagers. He argued that the proposed changes would weaken, rather than strengthen, the moral fabric of society. He firmly asserted that there could be no justification for accepting what he characterised as unnatural practices that violate God's natural law. Furthermore, Mr. Otto urged members of Parliament from both political parties to reject these elements of the Crimes Bill, arguing that they would lead to societal degradation. He also called for support of a newly introduced bill aimed at removing a clause in the Education Act that seemingly made Christian instruction in state schools illegal. He insisted that every New Zealand child has the right to a foundation in Christian doctrine, which he regarded as essential and a birthright that parents should advocate for.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590923_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590923.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-324302400
7622,24,09,1959,"Parliament Crimes Bill Referred To House Committee (Press, 24 September 1959)","On 23 September 1959, Prime Minister Mr. Nash successfully secured the House of Representatives' agreement to grant a second reading of the Crimes Bill without debate, allowing it to proceed directly to the Statutes Revision Committee. This move indicated the likelihood of a redraft of the bill, particularly regarding certain contentious clauses—most notably those related to sodomy and possibly capital punishment. Outside Parliament, Minister of Justice Mr. Mason clarified that the current draft of the Crimes Bill does not legalise sodomy between consenting adults, as some had suggested. He stated that provisions would be revised to eliminate any potential misinterpretations, insisting that the previous laws would remain untouched and punishable by a prison term of up to three years for related offences. In a separate discussion within the House, Mr. D. C. Seath, representing the Opposition, raised concerns about the Land and Income Tax Amendment Bill. He argued that the bill grants excessive discretion to the Commissioner of Inland Revenue, without providing taxpayers the right to appeal against decisions, potentially leaving individuals without recourse to challenge the commissioner's determinations. Seath emphasised that this could unfairly restrict taxpayers who deserve the opportunity to present their cases to higher authorities. Additionally, Mr. W. W. Freer brought the Minister of Labour's attention to a plan by the Fletcher Organisation aimed at constructing a leasehold and development scheme for factory premises in Auckland and Christchurch. Freer inquired whether existing Labour legislation would allow for the inclusion of shared facilities, such as communal cafeterias and medical clinics, intended for use by multiple tenants, similar to arrangements in Scotland. He urged Mr. Hackett to consider adjusting the legislation to facilitate the implementation of such services, potentially lowering capital costs for establishing small industrial sites.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590924_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590924.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-324216000
4143,28,09,1959,"The Press Monday, September 28, 1959. Discussing... (Press, 28 September 1959)","On 28 September 1959, ""The Press"" reported on the complexities surrounding the Crimes Bill, which aimed to consolidate and revise New Zealand's criminal law. This extensive bill had been in development for almost four years, and after its introduction by the National Party Government in 1957, it was set aside for further consideration. Following a change in government, Sir George Finlay, a senior judge, was appointed to review the bill, consulting with various legal and medical experts. The revised version included a controversial clause stating that no person over 21 would be prosecuted for sodomy if both parties consented and were of age. Some interpreted this amendment as a potential legalisation of consensual sexual acts between adults. However, Attorney-General Mr Mason clarified that the bill did not legalise sodomy, as indecent assault between males remained a prosecutable offence, albeit with a reduced maximum penalty from five years to three. Critics argued that labelling particular homosexual acts as ""indecency"" rather than ""sodomy"" signified a decline in moral values. In response to mounting criticism, Mr Mason agreed to amend the provisions in question, asserting the need for clarity in the legislation to prevent misinterpretation. The matter became contentious, with Prime Minister expressing concern regarding public debate surrounding certain clauses. He suggested some issues might be better discussed away from the public eye to avoid confusion, especially as New Zealand's parliamentary sessions are broadcasted. This raised questions about the appropriateness of public discussion on homosexuality, contrasting with how the British Parliament addressed similar issues following the Wolfenden Report. The newspaper underscored the necessity for the New Zealand Parliament to ensure that laws reflect current medical, social, and legal perspectives. It also noted the dilemma posed by broadcasting debates, emphasizing the importance of discussing sensitive topics like homosexuality in a responsible manner, potentially before a more limited audience. Ultimately, the article stressed that Parliament must engage with these discussions to promote understanding, despite concerns about misinterpretations and the potential impact on younger listeners.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19590928_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19590928.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-323870400
4144,26,10,1959,"The Press Monday, October 26, 1959. Parliamentary... (Press, 26 October 1959)","On 26 October 1959, The Press reported on the recent conclusion of a notably quiet session in the House of Representatives. This session was marked by its lack of controversy, primarily due to the limited amount of contentious legislation to discuss, aside from the Budget. The House predominantly functioned as a review body, scrutinising and refining government-sponsored legislation. Towards the end of the session, two bills introduced did stir potential debate; however, the Government opted to withdraw these proposals. This decision was not made to sidestep controversy but rather to expedite the session’s conclusion, as Prime Minister Mr Nash prioritised finishing the session over passing the bills. This action raised concerns about Mr Nash's commitment to the legislations that his party had initially supported, especially after the considerable effort that went into drafting and introducing them. Another contributing factor to the session’s tranquillity was the members’ resolve to avoid the inappropriate behaviour that had characterised the previous session. Last year, the House’s late hours often reached nearly 43 hours post-midnight, while this year, members sat for only 17 minutes after midnight. The pace was so controlled that the leader of the House never found it necessary to call for the closure of debate. Despite the peaceful atmosphere, the session was not devoid of productivity; 107 bills were passed, multiple public issues were discussed, and over 50 petitions were received. Nonetheless, the session fell short of the vigorous workflow typically expected in a three-year Parliament. One notable failure was the shelving of the important Crimes Bill, which aimed to modernise criminal law but had already faced two years of delays. Of particular concern were provisions about homosexual practices within the revised bill that prompted further consideration from specific interest groups. The report also highlighted a broader issue regarding the scheduling of Parliamentary sessions. With the General Assembly of the United Nations commencing around this time each year, there is a growing need for New Zealand's Parliament to align its timetable to accommodate international commitments. The suggestion was made that sessions could just as easily commence in February instead of the customary June or July. This adjustment could prevent future sessions from being cut short to allow Ministers attendance at significant global conferences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19591026_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19591026.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-321451200
4145,21,11,1959,"Miscellany (Press, 21 November 1959)","Published on 21 November 1959, the review discusses a series of books that offer valuable insights into various subjects. The first, ""Ourselves Today"" by Oliver Duff, presents two lectures delivered at the University of Otago in July 1957. Duff, a renowned columnist for the ""New Zealand Listener"" under the name ""Sundowner,"" reflects on the daily lives of many New Zealanders, particularly those involved in the cow-milking routine. He suggests that such a lifestyle impacts individuals significantly, even proposing that ""cows are civilising agents,"" lending a philosophical angle to animal husbandry. Next is ""Advocates of the Golden Age"" by Lewis Broad, which posits that the first 20 years of the 20th century constituted a golden era of legal advocacy in English courts. Broad explores the lives and contributions of four prominent figures: Edward Marshall Hall, Edward Carson, Rufus Isaacs, and F. E. Smith, offering abridged biographies that effectively capture their significance, legal prowess, and notable cases. The book serves as an excellent introduction to these lawyers for readers unfamiliar with their legacies. Dr. Eustace Chesser's ""Odd Man Out: Homosexuality in Men and Women"" examines societal attitudes toward homosexuality, criticising the inconsistencies and irrationalities inherent in these views. Although Dr. Chesser attempts to dispel common myths about homosexuality, some critics argue he relies too heavily on psychoanalytic theory, potentially introducing new misconceptions while challenging older ones. The reviewer suggests that a more thoughtful, nuanced approach would better serve the discussion of this sensitive topic. ""The Double Dealers: Adventures in Grand Deception,"" compiled by Alexander Klein, is a collection of 60 short stories recounting real-life practical jokes, hoaxes, and frauds. While primarily set in the United States, the tales span various eras and contexts, from espionage during the Civil War to modern-day confidence schemes. The intent of the collection is to entertain, and Klein achieves that objective, illustrating the lengths to which deceivers go and the gullibility of their victims. Each story offers a bite-sized reading experience, making it a fitting before-bed diversion. Lastly, ""When Cobb and Co. was King"" by B. Will Lawson continues to enchant readers with tales from 1860s Australia, focusing on an 18-year-old named Buster White who becomes a coach driver for Cobb and Company. His journey is filled with adventure, including encounters with bushrangers and a romantic subplot culminating in a marriage to a widow after a dramatic confrontation. Though the story lacks complexity in plot and characterisation, its charm lies in its nostalgic portrayal of coach travel during a vibrant historical period. These works collectively provide a rich tapestry of thought, reflection, and amusement, appealing to a variety of readers with diverse interests.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19591121_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19591121.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-319204800
4146,07,12,1959,"Czech Priest Imprisoned (Press, 7 December 1959)","On 5 December 1959, it was reported that a Roman Catholic priest from Czechoslovakia, Vojtech Zabransky, has been sentenced to three years in prison for allegedly conspiring against the state. The 39-year-old priest, who served in Rohatec, Moravia, had delivered sermons condemning the prevalence of untruths in various aspects of life, including politics, art, and science. His comments were perceived as a threat by the authorities, and he was charged not only for his political views but also for alleged homosexual practices. Zabransky reportedly expressed to a Communist People's Court Judge his belief that a war would result in a victory for the West, leading to the restoration of capitalist order in Czechoslovakia, which would, in turn, allow for greater freedom for both the Church and humanity. His views resonated with local farmers, many of whom regarded him as “almost a saint.” He was influential in discouraging them from joining Communist collective farms, further aggravating his situation in the eyes of the regime. The case highlights the tense atmosphere in Czechoslovakia during this period, where dissent against the Communist government was met with severe punishments. Zabransky's sentencing underscores the dangers faced by individuals expressing opposition to the ruling authorities and serves as an example of the ongoing struggles between religious expression and state control in Eastern Europe at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19591207_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19591207.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-317822400
4147,24,12,1959,"Dr Fisher Clarifies Remarks On Adultery (Press, 24 December 1959)","On 24 December 1959, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, clarified his recent comments regarding adultery following some misleading press coverage. During a diocesan conference in November, he called for strong legislation to combat issues such as betting and prostitution, and he notably suggested that adultery should be treated as a criminal offence. In his January diocesan letter, he attempted to elucidate his stance, emphasising the distinction he believes exists between sinful actions and criminal offences. Dr. Fisher stated that the State determines what constitutes a criminal act, which must align with public sentiment to a certain degree. He reflected on the challenges faced by the State in defining the boundaries between legal, illegal, and merely socially undesirable behaviour, placing adultery among these complexities alongside some homosexual offences and prostitution. Dr. Fisher recounted that his remarks on adultery at the conference were brief, mentioning the views of Bishop Hensley Henson, who supports characterising adultery as a crime due to its severe social implications. He argued that adultery inflicts significant damage on public welfare, contributing to broken homes and adversely affecting the children of such marriages. He posed rhetorical questions aimed at generating public discourse, such as whether society considers adultery a growing public menace worthy of criminal status. Dr. Fisher also touched on the changing public attitudes towards adultery, pointing out that what was once condemned is now often overlooked. He prompted readers to consider the societal harm caused when a third party disrupts a marriage, inflicting injury on the institution of marriage itself. Overall, Dr. Fisher's comments stirred various reactions as he urged for a thoughtful examination of the implications of adultery on society, raising questions about the responsibility of the community and the church in addressing this issue. His remarks were intended to provoke reflection rather than to incite immediate legislative action.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19591224_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19591224.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-316353600
4148,28,12,1959,"“Problem Plays” (Press, 28 December 1959)","Mr Ben Fuller, a veteran in the entertainment industry, expressed his concerns about the state of live theatre in America and England during his visit to Sydney on December 27, 1959. He stated that the focus on sex, swearing, and problem-oriented plays was undermining the essence of theatre, which he believes should primarily be about entertainment. Having recently returned from London on the liner Oronsay, Mr Fuller conveyed his dismay after observing over 40 plays across New York and London. He noted that approximately 40 per cent of these productions placed undue emphasis on themes of sexuality and social issues, leading to a theatrical trend he described as akin to a ""garbage can."" He argued that the overarching tone of these performances was more depressing than entertaining, which is contrary to what audiences seek when attending live shows. Fuller stated that theatre-goers typically look for relaxation and enjoyment during their theatre visits rather than being confronted with heavy topics like racial issues or LGBTQ+ themes. With four decades of experience in show business, he asserted that while he does not consider himself a prude, the current trajectory of theatre was alarming. His comments reflect a broader concern about the changing landscape of live performance and underscore a desire to refocus theatre on its fundamental role as a source of entertainment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19591228_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19591228.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-316008000
4149,06,02,1960,"An Austrian Traitor (Press, 6 February 1960)","The Panther's Feast by Robert Asprey is a detailed examination of Alfred Redl, a man considered one of modern Europe's substantial traitors. Asprey, an American intelligence officer, was inspired to investigate Redl's life despite there being no significant repercussions for the United States. Born in Austria into the family of a railway clerk in the late 19th century, Redl was the only one of 14 siblings to attain notoriety, which ultimately led to his infamy. His early life was marred by a troubled upbringing, and he entered Karthaus cadet school at 17, where he was influenced negatively by his peers, leading to his development of perverse sexual tendencies. Redl adhered to a strict ambition and, combined with his intellectual brilliance and exemplary conduct, he ascended to the rank of colonel in the Austrian Army and eventually became deputy chief of the Intelligence Bureau. His vulnerability to manipulation was recognised by Colonel Batjuschin, head of the Russian espionage service, who monitored Redl's career in hopes of using his financial difficulties against him. Twelve years later, Batjuschin confronted Redl with evidence of his indiscretions and coerced him into espionage for Russia, leading to a bizarre arrangement where both would offer up their respective spies for exposure. Redl’s exceptional reputation soared as he frequently testified against these individuals, earning high accolades in the process. However, his downfall was prompted by his obsession with a young officer, Stefan Hromodka, which ultimately exposed his espionage activities. In May 1913, Redl was discovered with large sums of money meant for spying, and his colleagues, shocked by the betrayal, provided him with a pistol to end his life. His self-inflicted death had severe implications for the Austrian High Command, inflicting shame on the emperor and triggering harsh criticisms from Archduke Francis Ferdinand, particularly because Redl’s betrayal contributed to the military defeats against Russia. The Archduke’s assassination a year later set off the First World War, and many attributed the disastrous campaign outcomes, during which Redl had been a mole, to his espionage. Despite his heinous treachery, Redl managed to maintain a façade of popularity among his peers, reflecting a complex personality that confused the public and elite alike. Asprey portrays Redl as a remarkable figure whose dual life of charm and betrayal left an indelible mark on history, serving as a reminder of the convoluted nature of loyalty and treachery in wartime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600206_2_7_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600206.2.7.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-312552000
4150,11,03,1960,"Youths Convicted Of Assault And Robbery (Press, 11 March 1960)","On 11 March 1960, a Magistrate's Court heard the case of two 17-year-old youths, lan James Barwell and John Dalton, convicted of assault causing actual bodily harm and robbery. The incident took place on 2 February when they, along with five other youths, violently assaulted Reginald William Rainer, a 50-year-old tile manufacturer, at his home in Sydenham, Christchurch. Rainer, a married man with six children, recounted how one boy had approached him seeking work a few days prior to the attack, which raised his suspicions. On the evening of the assault, upon returning home, he found the group of youths already in his living room. When he asked them to leave, they became aggressive. Rainer was struck twice and held down while the youths demanded money. While the youths were hitting him they told him they hated queers. Initially, he could only provide a £1 note and some shillings, which infuriated them. They ransacked his home, eventually finding his cheque book, and after learning he had a bank balance of £160, they demanded £80, instructing him to put it in a paper bag to be delivered to them the next day near the Antigua boatsheds. Rainer complied out of fear. Following the ordeal, which left him with a broken nose and jaw among other injuries, Rainer required five days of hospital treatment. When he reported the incident to the police, Constable A. J. Howart noted the violent scene: Rainer was bleeding from multiple injuries, and his home had been ransacked. The Magistrate expressed scepticism about some witness testimonies but confirmed Rainer's victim status. It was concluded that the youths had no legal justification for their actions, and therefore, their assault was acknowledged. Although there were doubts regarding the details of the theft, the court found sufficient basis to infer that the youths had stolen items from Rainer's home. Both Barwell and Dalton were remanded for a probation officer's report and were given renewed bail. The prosecution noted that both were on probation for a previous robbery charge. The case highlighted issues of youth violence and the need for protective measures for victims in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600311_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600311.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-309614400
7382,31,03,1960,"Young Men Deny Charges Of Indecent Assault,... (Press, 31 March 1960)","On 30 March 1960, three young men, Donald Paul Munro, 23, Raymond Carpinter, and Garry Nixon, were involved in a court case in Wellington related to indecent assault and robbery. Munro pleaded not guilty to indecently assaulting Jan Morris Murray, also 23, while Murray and Maurice Rupert Larkin, 24, denied charges of robbing Munro and his friends of money. All accused were committed to the Supreme Court for trial. The incidents began when Munro met Murray outside the Royal Oak Hotel and, after being invited to Murray’s room at the Savoy Hotel, Munro claimed that Murray made indecent advances towards him. Following this, Larkin joined, and both men subsequently attacked Munro. They stole £11 from his wallet and also took 10s from each of Munro's friends, Carpinter and Nixon, during further altercations. Munro testified that upon being approached by the two men, he was taken to Murray's room where he was threatened with a razor. Murray produced the razor and warned Munro to be quiet or face injury. They threatened and intimidated Munro as they rifled through his belongings. Later, they accompanied him to his flat, which was also searched and ransacked. Nixon, another victim, corroborated Munro's story, stating that he was also threatened by the duo to hand over money. He described a similar incident where Larkin used a razor to intimidate him into giving up his cash. Carpinter, arriving shortly after, experienced the same coercive tactics that led him to part with his money as well. Murray, in his own defence, claimed that he had not taken any money from Munro or his friends, and highlighted that they had all admitted to him that they were ""queers"". Contrarily, Munro admitted to the alleged indecent conduct, asserting that it was initiated by Murray. Larkin, in a written statement, acknowledged that he and Murray had taken Munro's money but expressed disinterest in the money from Munro's friends, citing it was not initially theirs for the taking. The case highlighted complex interactions between the parties involved, with detailed testimonies emerging regarding intimidation and allegations of sexual misconduct. Detective evidence suggested that a list of names found in Murray's room would be instrumental during the upcoming trial, hinting at potential connections and further implications in the case. The matter of sexual advances leading to subsequent robbery and violence has raised significant discussion on themes of consent and criminal behaviour, which would be examined in the upcoming court proceedings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600331_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600331.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-307886400
4151,06,05,1960,"Manslaughter Charge Against Two Seamen (Press, 6 May 1960)","Two seamen from the overseas freighter Whangaroa, Michael John Byrne, 33, and Owen John Kitts, 18, were jointly charged with the manslaughter of Roy Jackson at Napier on May 3, 1960. Their case was heard in the Napier Magistrate's Court on May 5, with crew members providing evidence as the ship was scheduled to depart the next day. Byrne was represented by Mr J. H. Zohrab, while Kitts was represented by Mr J.C.K. Fabian. Testimony began with Stuart John Allen, a steward, who recounted meeting Roy Jackson at a coffee bar during Anzac weekend and later seeing him onboard the Whangaroa on the evening prior to the incident. Allen noted that he heard raised voices coming from the gangway around 10:45 p.m. on May 3, and later learned that Jackson had fallen off the gangway. Under cross-examination, Allen suggested Jackson exhibited homosexual behaviour. The hearing included accounts from other crew members, including deckhand John Murdoch Morrison, who described Kitts attending a party in a crew cabin on the night of the incident. Morrison recounted a conversation where Jackson insulted another crew member and Byrne told Jackson to leave the ship. Morrison saw Byrne and Kitts leave the cabin shortly thereafter and later returned to claim Jackson had fallen off the gangway. Another witness, Roy Stanley Sandow, testified that he saw Byrne strike Jackson during a scuffle near the entrance to the deck, leading Jackson to ultimately fall off the gangway. Thomas Andrew Ramsay Tulloch, a seaman, claimed that Jackson had left the cabin willingly, while other seamen testified to witnessing Jackson being pushed towards the gangway. James Anthony Mouat, a deck boy, reported being on gangway duty and described seeing Jackson being half-pushed and protesting as Kitts struck him. He indicated that Jackson stumbled as he tried to grab the handrails before falling. Peter Oliver, another seaman, confirmed that he saw Jackson being forced off the ship by Byrne and Kitts and attempted to intervene but failed. The proceedings presented a picture of a chaotic scene that night, with various accounts illustrating a mixture of force, drunkenness, and the events leading to Jackson's fatal fall. As the hearing continued, the court sought to piece together the actions of the seamen and the circumstances surrounding Jackson's tragic death, which now hinged upon perceptions of their conduct before the moment of impact. Further witness testimonies were expected in subsequent hearings as the legal proceedings unfolded.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600506_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600506.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-304776000
4153,21,06,1960,"At Least 24 Bills Almost Ready For House (Press, 21 June 1960)","On 20 June 1960, it was reported from Wellington that Parliament is set to convene on Wednesday for a session that will run until mid-October. While around 24 bills are nearing presentation, they are not expected to generate significant excitement compared to previous sessions. Unlike the last two sessions, where the Opposition frequently complained about a lack of business, it appears that this session will be busier and more engaging. Several notable bills are to be revived from the previous session, each currently at the second-reading stage. These include the Cheques Bill, Poisons Bill, Judicature Amendment Bill (No. 2), Political Disabilities Removal Bill, Police Offences Amendment Bill, Milk Amendment Bill, Education Amendment Bill (No. 2), and the Auckland City Empowering Bill. Additional bills under committee consideration include the contentious Crimes Bill, Criminal Justice Amendment Bill, and Summary Proceedings Amendment Bill. The opposition anticipates heated debates on the Police Offences Amendment Bill, Political Disabilities Removal Bill, and the Crimes Bill. The Crimes Bill has been significantly revised since its last introduction, particularly concerning clauses on homosexual offences, although provisions concerning the abolition of the death penalty for murder are expected to remain unchanged. Furthermore, considerations are being made to abolish the grand jury, aligning New Zealand’s legal framework with those of Britain and Australia, as the current Attorney-General, Mr Mason, concurs with his predecessor that the grand jury serves little purpose today. The Police Offences Amendment Bill seeks to repeal parts of legislation instituted to address industrial unrest in 1951, which may incite strong opposition from industrial labour factions and provoke significant discussion based on recent government actions regarding disputes involving freezing workers and Kawerau. The Political Disabilities Removal Bill aims to facilitate political contributions from trade unions and is viewed as a pre-election promise by some groups. Other expected legislation includes a proposal for better financial management in trade unions, a Chiropractors Registration Bill, and an Animals Protection Bill—though the latter may see the Chiropractors Bill dropped quietly. New initiatives anticipated in this session encompass amendments to the Broadcasting Act to establish a television service and appoint a director, a bill for the construction of the Nelson-Blenheim railway, and legislation for the Te Anau-Manapouri lakes system's development. Additionally, measures will arise from the commission's inquiry into the meat industry and the establishment of a new university grants committee based on the Parry Committee's recommendations. Legislative reports from select committees on local body structures and liquor licensing are imminent, with some committee outputs, such as that from the West Coast development group, awaiting governmental action. Proposals in early preparation stages also include consolidations of the Education and Transport Acts, a fertilisers bill, and regulations controlling unit investment trusts. Overall, the session promises a wide range of legislative considerations and debates, marking a significant period in New Zealand's parliamentary history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600621_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600621.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-300801600
4154,01,07,1960,"Homosexuality Law Change Rejected (Press, 1 July 1960)","On 30 June 1960, a significant vote in the House of Commons resulted in the heavy defeat of a bill aimed at decriminalising homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. The final tally showed 213 members voting against the bill while only 99 were in favour. Many MPs opted not to vote, leading to shock among supporters of the proposal due to the overwhelming rejection, which exceeded their expectations. The bill's supporters were hopeful that reform could eventually occur, especially in light of a statement from the Home Secretary, R. A. Butler, who indicated that change might be possible in the future. However, he firmly opposed the bill at this time, suggesting that the current moral and religious state of the country could not justify such a shift. In his remarks, Butler highlighted the dangers of loosening restrictions on conduct, warning that people might believe they are free to engage in acts simply because they are not criminal offences. Butler mentioned a potential alternative whereby prosecutions would only occur under the conditions set by the Director of Public Prosecutions, with the Attorney-General's consent, and only if it served the public interest. However, he stressed that many questions remained to be answered before any changes could be considered. Key issues included the rationale for setting the age of consent at 21, the definition of “consenting,” and the interpretation of what constitutes “in private.” There was also concern that liberalising the law might lead to an increase in homosexual behaviour. The discussion surrounding the bill stemmed from the Wolfenden report, which had advocated a reconsideration of laws governing homosexual acts. Butler concluded that he did not believe a compelling case for reform had been made and called for further examination of the fundamental issues relating to law and morals. The bill was sponsored by Labour MP Kenneth Robinson from St Pancras North and gained the backing of a small group of Conservatives, the Liberal Party, and a minority of his own Labour party, demonstrating a range of opinions on the matter within the parliament. The outcome of the vote reflected the prevailing attitudes towards homosexuality in Britain at the time, marking a setback for advocates of reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600701_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600701.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-299937600
4155,20,07,1960,"Grand Jury Abolition Provided For In Bill (Press, 20 July 1960)","On 19 July 1960, the New Zealand Press Association reported a significant development in the country's legal framework, as grand juries are set to be abolished following revisions to the Crimes Bill. This change comes after the bill was first introduced to Parliament in 1957 and underwent a significant rewrite before its reintroduction in 1959. The latest draft, presented to the House of Representatives, deletes all references to grand jury procedures, marking a major shift in the legislative approach. If the bill is passed in the current parliamentary session, it will take effect on 1 January 1961. Among its key provisions, the bill abolishes the death penalty for murder and piracy, retaining it only for treason. Notably, it addresses controversial issues regarding homosexual offences, which sparked debate the previous year. The bill now raises the age threshold for child convictions from seven to ten years, allowing for potential convictions of minors aged 10 to 14, provided they knew their actions were wrong or illegal. Further adjustments involve the legal stance on trespassers, emphasizing that individuals cannot inflict bodily harm but may use reasonable force to prevent trespassing. Changes to indecency laws include an increase in penalties for indecent acts between males, with maximum imprisonment now reaching five years, while sodomy can incur up to 14 years for certain cases. The bill also modifies the definition of infanticide, now applicable to the killing of children under ten, and consolidates the crime of abduction under general abduction laws, removing separate provisions for minors. Additionally, the wording for criminal libel has been refined to broaden its scope and applicability. Notably, the bill consolidates burglary laws, treating breaking and entering—regardless of time—as burglary. The provisions regarding possession of stolen goods have also been amended to streamline the criteria for guilt. The move to abolish grand juries is reflected in the reformulated processes for presenting indictments, allowing the Supreme Court to discharge defendants during trials with the effect of an acquittal. A new clause permits the prerogative of mercy to be exercised regardless of whether a conviction has been appealed. Overall, the revised Crimes Bill represents a comprehensive overhaul of various aspects of criminal law in New Zealand, aiming to clarify legal intentions and modernise the legal system amidst changing societal values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600720_2_131.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600720.2.131,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-298296000
4156,25,07,1960,"British Radar Secrets (Press, 25 July 1960)","A report from the ""News Chronicle"" on 22 July 1960 has revealed that Russian espionage efforts in the United Kingdom have been focused on infiltrating Britain's radar and electronic research sectors. This information coincided with Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's announcement in the House of Commons regarding the deportation of 18 prominent Soviet agents over the past two years. According to the report, these agents were engaged in covert activities aimed at understanding the personal lives of employees within these sensitive research establishments. Specifically, they targeted individuals who might have homosexual tendencies, as well as those who could be lured by attractive women, whom the agents were prepared to use as seduction tools. The Russian intelligence practice is said to favour blackmail over monetary incentives when it comes to extracting information, highlighting the effectiveness of coercion based on personal vulnerabilities. Ultimately, the report indicates that the agents’ attempts at manipulation were unsuccessful. The lack of willingness from the targeted employees to engage in any illicit activities raised suspicions about the agents. Their unusual movements and attempts to interact with workers near confidential research sites were noted and reported, leading to their expulsion from the country. This incident underscores ongoing concerns about espionage and national security, particularly in light of the Cold War tensions between the West and the Soviet Union.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600725_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600725.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-297864000
4157,30,07,1960,"Prison Term Imposed (Press, 30 July 1960)","Charles Stanton Turner, a 60-year-old clerk, was sentenced to four months’ imprisonment by Mr Justice Macarthur in the Supreme Court on 30 July 1960 after being charged with attempted indecent assault on a boy on 15 April. Turner, who had one prior conviction for a similar offence dating back 13 years, was represented by Mr H. S. Thomas, while Mr C. M. Roper appeared for the Crown. In his defence, Mr Thomas argued that a suspended sentence or a probationary period would be more appropriate given the circumstances. A probation officer's report indicated that Turner was unlikely to reoffend. However, Mr Roper highlighted that the boy involved had cooperated fully, making a statement to the police about the incident that took place at a pensioners’ establishment. Mr Justice Macarthur acknowledged Turner's struggles with his homosexual tendencies, suggesting that he occasionally found them difficult to control. After considering the perspectives presented by both counsels, the Judge noted that the boy had effectively led Turner into a situation of temptation, leading him to succumb to these impulses. Despite this context, the Judge determined that a prison sentence was necessary. He indicated that had the circumstances been different, he would have imposed a longer term than the four months given for Turner's previous offence. Ultimately, the Judge concluded that the seriousness of the case warranted imprisonment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600730_2_214.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600730.2.214,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-297432000
7002,23,08,1960,"Olympic Games Sex Change Charge Against U.k. Woman (Press, 23 August 1960)","On 22 August 1960, Mr Giuseppe Sabelli-Fioretti, head of the Olympic Press Service, commented on the implications of a serious allegation regarding potential gender misclassification among members of the British women’s Olympic team. His remarks followed claims by several British newspapers that one of Britain's top female athletes had been reported to their national Olympic committees by two Continental countries, questioning her classification as a woman. Sabelli-Fioretti noted that if an official allegation were made, Olympic officials would likely mandate medical examinations for all female athletes, recalling an instance from the 1948 Games when a similar protest led to a requirement for competitors to undergo sex examinations. The British team manager, Dr. Duncan, denounced the allegations as a damaging slur on the integrity of the British team, asserting that all 16 female athletes had submitted medical certificates confirming their sex, as required by international rules—although this stipulation did not extend to swimmers. President of the International Olympic Committee, Mr Avery Brundage, acknowledged that medical checks could occur in such cases but claimed he was unaware of any current protest or complaints and that any concerns would be addressed by the appropriate officials. Additionally, a piece in the London newspaper ""Daily Sketch"" referred to the allegations as a “scandalous rumour,"" which was dismissed by the British team as unfounded. Mr J. Crump, secretary of the British Amateur Athletic Board, expressed disgust at the timing and nature of such accusations, stating that any legitimate complaints should have been voiced discreetly rather than creating public embarrassment for the British team. In a related development, it was reported that Australia faced a significant setback in their Olympic ambitions with the withdrawal of renowned sculler Stuart Mackenzie from the single sculls event. Announced by the Australian team’s general manager, Mr S. Grange, this decision was due to Mackenzie being deemed unfit to compete, suffering from a form of anaemia. Grange mentioned that Mackenzie, a silver medalist from the Melbourne Olympics and winner of the Henley Diamond Sculls multiple times, was deeply disappointed by this turn of events. He confirmed that Mackenzie would remain with the team, assisting in the training of his fellow oarsmen despite his inability to compete for the anticipated gold medal. This announcement marked a major alteration in Australia’s plans just days before the Games were set to begin in Rome.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600823_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600823.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-295358400
4158,27,08,1960,"Pelican Books (Press, 27 August 1960)","In a review published on 27 August 1960, D.J. West's book ""Homosexuality"" is acknowledged for contributing to the understanding of a topic often surrounded by misunderstanding and stigma. The commentary emphasises that many people wrongly believe male homosexuals pose a significant risk to children, despite a lack of evidence suggesting that homosexuals are more likely than heterosexuals to engage in such behaviour. The review highlights that the majority of homosexuals have no sexual interest in children. West argues that homosexuality is a common condition, often unrecognised by individuals who encounter it among their acquaintances. The structure of the book is divided into two parts: the first half presents the fundamental facts about homosexuality, while the second half explores its potential causes and offers suggestions for prevention and treatment. However, the reviewer expresses a desire for a more critical treatment of psychoanalytical literature about the origins of homosexuality, suggesting that the existing literature is voluminous but lacks substantive insights. In discussing treatment, West views prolonged psychoanalysis as potentially beneficial but acknowledges its limited success rate. He urges a reform of penal laws to create parity between homosexuals and heterosexuals and stresses that such reforms are vital for prevention efforts. West criticises the idea that imprisonment serves any purpose for treatment, arguing that it is fundamentally ineffective, much like attempting to treat a chronic alcoholic with occupational therapy in a brewery. The review further addresses broader implications for the judicial system, referencing the Lord Chief Justice’s remarks suggesting a concerning shift where courts may begin to prioritise administrative action over their responsibilities as independent arbiters of justice. The notion that judges could become tools of the administration rather than upholders of the law raises alarm for the reviewer. It concludes with hope that this does not reflect the attitudes of the judiciary as a whole, indicating a deep concern for the integrity of judicial independence in the face of government influence. Overall, Dr. West's book is appreciated for its useful and objective survey of a complex issue, suggesting that thoughtful discourse is essential in working towards understanding and reform regarding homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600827_2_7_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600827.2.7.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-295012800
4159,10,09,1960,"Prison Term To Stand (Press, 10 September 1960)","On 10 September 1960, the Supreme Court dismissed an appeal by Eric Francis Elkis, aged 38, against an 18-month prison sentence. The sentence was imposed on eight charges of committing an indecent act and one charge of indecent assault against a male. Mr Justice Macarthur stated that the Magistrate's sentence was not excessive. Elkis's case was noted for his homosexual tendencies, but there were indications that with daily work under complete supervision over a significant period, he might have the potential for reform. Elkis would have the benefit of these conditions while serving his sentence. Mr C. B. Atkinson represented Elkis, while Mr C. M. Roper represented the Crown.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600910_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600910.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-293803200
4160,23,09,1960,"Crimes Bill Held Over (Press, 23 September 1960)","On 23 September 1960, it was reported that the Crimea Bill, which had been introduced to the New Zealand Parliament in 1957, was unlikely to advance during the current session. The Minister of Justice, Mr Mason, stated that the final decision on the bill's progression rested with the Prime Minister, Mr Nash. The delay is attributed to many government members preferring to avoid controversy as the election campaign approaches, particularly regarding the proposal to abolish capital punishment and provisions related to homosexual offences. The hold-up of the Crimes Bill is significant because it results in the continued relevance of the existing Crimes Act, which is now in a situation of conflicting penalties with the recently enacted Police Offences Amendment Act. For instance, the Police Offences Amendment Act states that individuals can face a penalty of up to three months' imprisonment, or a fine of up to £50, for fighting in a public place. Conversely, the Crimes Act of 1908 imposes a maximum penalty of one year's imprisonment for the same offence. Further discrepancies include the penalty for disturbing public worship; under the Police Offences Amendment Act, the fine is set at £50, while the Crimes Act imposes a mere £2 penalty. Additionally, a new development emerged with the Health Amendment Bill, which was introduced on the same day, seeking to remove attempted suicide from the criminal realm, effectively treating it as a medical issue. This change would grant authorities the discretion to either commit individuals attempting suicide to a hospital, place them in the care of relatives, or impose a two-year imprisonment. Mr Nash indicated that the parliamentary session might conclude by 28 October 1960, suggesting that numerous pieces of legislation, including the Crimes Bill, Criminal Justice Amendment Bill, Summary Proceedings Amendment Bill, and Chiropractors’ Bill, are at risk of being postponed or lapsing altogether. The situation reflects the complexities surrounding legislation reform and societal issues as the government navigates its political landscape ahead of the upcoming elections.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600923_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600923.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-292680000
7711,27,09,1960,"The Crimes Bill (Press, 27 September 1960)","The New Zealand Government is facing criticism for potentially not advancing the Crimes Bill during the current session of Parliament, which has been in deliberation for several years. Legal experts and Parliamentary committees have scrutinised the bill, highlighting the need to rectify outdated legal anomalies. The basis of the current criminal law originates from Sir James Stephen’s code from 1879-80, with the last major update occurring in 1908. The National Party Government initiated a consolidation effort in 1957, which involved input from various legal authorities, including a committee with members from the Justice Department and notable legal professionals. However, upon the Labour Government's ascent to power, revisions were made, particularly after an investigation by Sir George Finlay, who consulted numerous legal professionals and stakeholders. Despite the rework, the bill drew criticism for its handling of perversion and other contentious clauses, which the Minister of Justice, Mr Mason, agreed to amend. By July 19, 1960, the Statutes Revision Committee had reported back on the revised bill, and during the current parliamentary session, the Government expressed intentions to advance it. Nevertheless, reluctance to engage in discussions surrounding certain clauses—particularly those related to homosexuality—has been noted, with the Prime Minister indicating a preference against public debate on the matter, citing the potential audience including children as a concern. The article argues that the New Zealand Parliament should be equipped to handle discussions on such topics, similar to the extensive dialogues seen in the British Parliament regarding homosexuality. The hesitation to openly debate potentially controversial subjects, especially near an election, is viewed as an inadequate justification for delaying vital legislative reform. Failure to proceed with the Crimes Bill would mean New Zealand is likely to endure another year with an outdated criminal code, which does not adequately differentiate between crimes such as infanticide and murder. The proposed Labour Government’s Crimes Bill aims to introduce more modern provisions, such as an infanticide clause aligned with the UK's Infanticide Act of 1938. The delay would further perpetuate existing legal inconsistencies, as other legislative measures that depend on the passing of the Crimes Bill have already been enacted, resulting in varied penalties for crimes. There is hope that the Government will reconsider, at least by introducing a shorter bill to address the pressing issues, like the definition and penalties surrounding infanticide.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19600927_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19600927.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-292334400
4161,23,12,1960,"Author Sentenced For “insulting” Dead Nazi (Press, 23 December 1960)","On December 21, 1960, a Munich Court sentenced Count Michael Soltikow, a German author, to a five-month suspended prison term for insulting the memory of a deceased Nazi diplomat, Mr Ernst von Rath. This ruling concluded a 12-day trial following eight years of investigations into the circumstances surrounding von Rath's murder. The diplomat was shot in Paris on November 7, 1938, by Herschel Gruenspan, a 17-year-old Jewish youth. This act precipitated the infamous ""crystal night,"" marked by widespread violence against Jewish people, including the burning of synagogues and mass arrests. During the trial, Count Soltikow faced accusations from an article he penned in the German newspaper ""Wochenend"" in 1952. In this article, he suggested that von Rath's murder was not politically motivated but rather a consequence of a failure to pay Gruenspan for procuring young men. The court president labelled Soltikow's insinuation that von Rath was homosexual as a serious insult, noting that there was no evidence presented during the proceedings to substantiate this claim. Despite the judgment, the court acknowledged that the trial had not resolved the mystery surrounding the events of November 7, 1938. As a consequence of the verdict, Mr Guenther von Rath, the brother of the deceased diplomat, was granted permission to publish the court's decision in several major West German newspapers, with the costs covered by Count Soltikow. Throughout the trial, Soltikow maintained that he had received information suggesting Gruenspan was still alive and residing in a Paris suburb. This led to requests to Interpol to investigate an anonymous tip claiming Gruenspan was at a hotel in Paris. Following his arrest after the shooting, Gruenspan was handed over to the Nazis by the Vichy Government during the war. Later, on June 1, 1960, he was declared dead by a Hanover Court at the behest of his parents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19601223_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19601223.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-284817600
7623,31,01,1961,"Australian Letter Divorce Act In Force Tomorrow (Press, 31 January 1961)","The new Divorce Act in Australia, designed to standardise divorce law across the nation, will come into effect on February 1, 1961. A Gallup poll conducted in January reveals that almost 70 per cent of Australians support the act. However, some lawyers are expressing concerns that the new procedural rules for divorce courts may lead to significant confusion and difficulties for at least the next year. Many legal professionals in Sydney are currently advising clients to delay filing for divorce to avoid complications under the new legislation, as they attempt to process as many petitions as possible under existing state laws before the new federal rules are implemented. The Divorce Act grants 14 grounds for divorce, including five years of continuous separation, a significant change from the previous state legislation that had around 190 court rules compared to the new act's 329 rules. Some solicitors note that drafting a petition used to take approximately half an hour but may now require up to a week due to the increased complexity. The legislation underwent extensive debate in Parliament, mainly due to objections from religious leaders, notably from the Anglican and Roman Catholic communities, who alleged that it would make divorce too accessible. The contentious five-year separation rule was particularly debated before the act passed through a non-partisan vote. Meanwhile, the New South Wales Minister for Labour and Industry, Mr J. J. Maloney, faces criticism for his refusal to allow self-service petrol pumps in the state. Critics argue that his stance reflects an outdated approach to a modern problem, as other Australian states like Victoria and Queensland have already successfully implemented such services. Maloney cited concerns about competition and the oil companies' preference for personalised service as reasons for maintaining the restrictions. In a separate incident, a Sydney barber, Harold Ball, garnered attention after he chose to serve time in prison instead of paying a £5 fine for cutting a customer's hair 40 minutes past closing time. Initially standing by his principles, Ball refused to comply with the law requiring barbers to close by 5:45 p.m. Although he ultimately paid the fine after one day in prison, his actions sparked support among commentators and the public, highlighting a broader conversation about regulations and individual rights in Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610131_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610131.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-281448000
4162,17,03,1961,"Attitudes To Homosexuality (Press, 17 March 1961)","A report by the Wellington branch of the National Council of Women, presented to their Christchurch counterparts on 17 March 1961, addresses the complex relationship between homosexuality and the medical, psychiatric, and legal frameworks in New Zealand. Prepared by the branch's moral welfare sub-committee and endorsed by Dr. Dor's Odium, a co-founder of the World Federation of Mental Health, the report advocates for a significant shift in how society perceives and treats homosexuality. The report draws parallels between the legal treatment of homosexuality and alcoholism. It argues that imprisonment is an ineffective solution for homosexual behaviour, similar to sending an alcoholic to a brewery. The report contends that societal factors contribute to the development of latent homosexual tendencies and that such tendencies should not be criminalised. The report identifies various extra-marital relationships, noting that only homosexual relations between men are legally punishable. Key causes of homosexuality are categorised into physical, emotional, and social factors. It suggests that all individuals possess latent sexual characteristics of opposite genders, and certain unsatisfactory relationships in childhood may lead to a dislike of women, ultimately influencing sexual orientation. The report asserts that many cases of arrested emotional and physical development necessitate clinical treatment. In addition, the report discusses the implications of women's increasing participation in the workforce, suggesting that this social change could disrupt traditional customs in ways that society has yet to fully comprehend. The authors of the report argue that traditional punitive measures against homosexuality have historically been ineffective, offering little success in rehabilitating individuals or safeguarding public order. They emphasise that homosexuality should not be viewed strictly as a moral failing but rather as a condition influenced by various uncontrollable factors. The council recommends that the government be urged to establish a body of investigation to study the incidence and treatment of homosexuality, advocating for a reclassification of homosexuality as a physical and emotional disorder instead of a criminal offence. Additionally, the report draws a contrast with alcoholism, which is treated as a disease that requires understanding and clinical intervention rather than punishment. The authors clarify that while the recommendation does not aim to condone homosexuality, it seeks to promote more effective treatment methods focused on voluntary clinical help and education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610317_2_5_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610317.2.5.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-277560000
4163,12,04,1961,"No Links Seen Between Tv And Delinquency (Press, 12 April 1961)","A study by British psychiatrist Professor T. C. N. Gibbens, published by the World Health Organisation in Geneva on 12 April 1961, examines the trends in juvenile delinquency and the potential influence of media. Professor Gibbens asserts that while television, radio, newspapers, and films are often blamed for rising crime and violence, there is insufficient evidence to support the idea that they serve as direct motives for juvenile offences. Instead, he argues they may influence the types of offences but do not necessarily increase viewers' aggression levels. The paper challenges popular beliefs that violent media results in heightened aggression among viewers, stating that the effects of media on behaviour are complex and not easily quantified. Gibbens suggests that conventional representations of violence, such as those seen in Westerns, arouse little anxiety in audiences, implying that a shift towards more realistic portrayals of violence may have different effects on youth, who might accept it as a norm. Gibbens also analyses the rise in sexual offences among juveniles, highlighting that while the overall increase in these crimes is notable, the prevalence among younger offenders, specifically those under 21, is significant. He indicates a concerning rise in homosexual offences, attributing this partly to under-reporting of such crimes and suggesting that young males are disproportionately involved in heterosexual offences. Further, the commentary discusses issues of alcoholism and drug addiction. In Europe, Gibbens notes a relative stability in concerns over these issues, although the UK has observed an increase in drunkenness, particularly among young adults. The study reflects on delinquency being predominantly a male issue, with girls being less visible in juvenile justice systems but potentially more troubled in adulthood, as their grievances may remain unaddressed until they manifest in problematic behaviour during adolescence. Professor Gibbens identifies the need for preventative measures, stressing that addressing boys' delinquency will not sufficiently tackle issues faced by girls, who may appear untroubled but carry unresolved tensions into later life. He also points out an increasing public concern regarding the situation of young girls, noting that even if prostitution levels remain stable, issues such as 'near-prostitution' raise alarms. Overall, Gibbens' findings suggest that while media may play a role in shaping the landscape of juvenile delinquency, it is not a straightforward cause of increased aggression or crime. Instead, he highlights the importance of understanding complex social dynamics and the varying trajectories of young offenders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610412_2_207.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610412.2.207,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-275313600
7416,19,05,1961,"Gardeners’ Queries... (Press, 19 May 1961)","A letter from A.B. in Cashmere discusses the issues he is facing with his eight-year-old Cotoneaster watereri, which has flowered abundantly but has not set any fruit. The issue lies in the plant's inability to produce fruit despite satisfactory pollination and the presence of insects. The respondent identifies a potential fungal attack, specifically Sclerotinia, as a possible cause for the lack of fruit; further specimens are requested for diagnosis. Regarding Kalmia latifolia, it is noted that this plant can be successfully shifted due to its compact root ball, with the shifting suggested for the current time. For Proteas, the paleness observed in some plants is attributed to genetic variation in seedling-raised plants, thus impacting flower colour. There is no method available to induce darker colours in flowers that are naturally lighter, emphasizing the importance of buying plants raised from cuttings for preferred traits. A separate inquiry by ""Advice Wanted"" from Sydenham touches on browning and unhealthy leaves of chrysanthemums despite spraying with lime sulphur. The respondent points out that various causes could lead to browning leaves, including chrysanthemum eelworm, a serious pest that often results from consecutive planting in the same area. Suggestions for controlling the pest include using organic-phosphate sprays and relocating to fresh land, although some recommended treatments, like parathion, are toxic and not suitable for home gardeners. Specimens are requested for a detailed evaluation. Mrs. S. F. Bailey from Waimate seeks plant identification, with the respondent confirming it as Alstroemeria pulchella, which is distinct from other varieties due to its unique flower colours. The presence of eelworm is noted in another inquiry concerning chrysanthemums, with B.H.C. not being effective against it. The best control method suggested is parathion, but an alternative method involves hot water treatment for cleaning up infected stock plants, which is laborious yet effective. Inquiries also include how to grow walnut trees, revealing that they can be raised from nuts or grafting, mentioning the variable characteristics of seed-raised plants. Recommendations for planting walnuts stress the importance of sowing fresh seeds and not allowing them to dry out. A gardener from Hokitika seeks advice on preventing bird damage to mustard seeds and controlling twitch. Coating seeds with red lead is suggested as a deterrent, while Dalapon is indicated as effective for twitch, requiring proper application to absorb through foliage. Lastly, C.E.W. from St. Albans inquires about Lilium auratum seedlings and two ornamental plants that flower but do not fruit. The seedlings are deemed hardy for overwintering, whereas failures for the Chinese lantern plant and Herberts wilsonae to fruit remain unexplained, although lighter soil is suggested as a possible improvement. The letter concludes with a note on the internal hollow characteristic of carrots due to growth conditions rather than pest issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610519_2_48_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610519.2.48.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-272116800
4164,04,07,1961,"Vandalism (Press, 4 July 1961)","In a letter to the editor dated 3 July 1961, the author, signing as I.S.T., expresses scepticism towards the effectiveness of flogging as a punitive measure. The writer questions the belief that corporal punishment can lead to reform, suggesting that a one-size-fits-all approach to justice may be flawed. I.S.T. critiques the philosophy of retributive justice, characterising it as a form of legalised vengeance against offenders, rather than a constructive means of addressing wrongdoing. The letter also addresses concerns regarding the potential for corporal punishment to foster homosexual tendencies, arguing that such deviations can occur regardless of the upbringing or psychological support offered to young offenders. The author asserts that they do not care about the personal circumstances of offenders, such as their maternal relationships, but are focused solely on deterring destructive behaviours. The letter conveys a desire to discourage vandalism in a manner that is most effective in dissuading the offender, even if it may not align with rehabilitative ideals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610704_2_14_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610704.2.14.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-268142400
4165,03,08,1961,"Men For Trial On Robbery Charge (Press, 3 August 1961)","Three young men—Peter Charles Yeatman (24), Thomas Ian McGlinchy (25), and William Alexander Gill (26)—were committed for trial on a joint robbery charge involving £5. This decision was made on 2 August 1961 during a Magistrate's Court hearing in Christchurch by Justices of the Peace E. W. Olds and W. W. Laing. All three accused pleaded not guilty, with prosecution led by Senior Sergeant G. M. Cleary. The incident began on 15 July 1961 at the Valley Inn Hotel, where victim Vincent Thomas Revell, a salesman, was allegedly assaulted after offering to take a taxi home. Yeatman offered him a ride instead. Throughout the drive, Yeatman made repeated references to a party and pressured Revell for money, claiming he knew Revell was carrying cash. As the car deviated from the path back to town, McGlinchy took the wheel while Yeatman and Gill physically assaulted Revell. In his testimony, Revell recounted a disturbing struggle as he attempted to fend off his attackers while the car swerved dangerously. He managed to shout for help and fought back effectively, even biting Gill's hand. Despite being severely beaten and telling them he had no more money, he eventually handed over £5 after enduring further violence. When he tried to escape, the accused pressed their attack, ultimately leading to Revell's desperation to escape. He broke free as the car was stopped and collapsed in the street, leading to the robbers fleeing in the vehicle. Witness William Thomas Garlick heard Revell's cries for help around 10 p.m. the same evening. He saw Revell attacking the car before it sped away, seemingly without its lights on. The police were alerted, and Detective D. C. Lee later interrogated Yeatman, who denied involvement and claimed that Revell had made inappropriate suggestions. A grey scarf and a broken tooth were discovered in Yeatman’s vehicle, further implicating him and his accomplices. Subsequent interviews with the accused revealed conflicting accounts; McGlinchy claimed he bit Revell due to an alleged proposal, while Gill mentioned that they had all been drinking before the incident and could not remember much. Ultimately, the three men were granted bail set at £100 each, with one surety of £100, and were instructed to report to the police daily. The trial will address the serious allegations arising from this violent robbery incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610803_2_176.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610803.2.176,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-265550400
4167,24,08,1961,"Nelson District Methodist Synod (Press, 24 August 1961)","On 23 August 1961, the Nelson District Methodist Synod convened in Westport, where attendees expressed deep concern regarding global poverty and the substantial needs of the world. The gathering featured comments from various representatives, including the Rev. A. Newman from Greymouth, who highlighted the urgency of addressing this pressing issue, calling it one of the major challenges of contemporary society. Mrs. S. Airey from Greymouth took the opportunity to defend the organisation C.0.R.5.0., which has recently faced unfounded criticisms regarding its administrative expenses. She praised the organisation's efforts and impact, prompting the Synod's chairman, the Rev. Dr. M. A. McDowell from Nelson, to affirm the commendable work being done and encourage the church community to challenge any uninformed critiques firmly. He underscored the importance of a collective focus on global relief over individual salvation, stating that such a narrow focus detracts from broader humanitarian efforts. In this context, the Synod passed a resolution calling on the Methodist Conference to recommend that the New Zealand Government allocate at least 10 per cent of its national income toward the economic development of underdeveloped nations. The Synod acknowledged that achieving this goal might require an increase in tax levels. Additionally, the assembly approved a recommendation encouraging the Government to investigate the underlying causes of homosexuality, suggesting that this research be supported through public resources for educational, medical, and psychiatric purposes. The discussions reflect an awareness among church leaders of their social responsibilities, urging interest and action regarding global issues, particularly those affecting vulnerable populations. The Synod's unanimous resolutions indicate a strong commitment to global economic assistance and the need for scientific exploration regarding complex social issues within New Zealand's governance structure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610824_2_242.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610824.2.242,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-263736000
4166,24,08,1961,"Supreme Court Men On Trial On Robbery Charge (Press, 24 August 1961)","On 24 August 1961, a Supreme Court trial began concerning a robbery and assault case involving a salesman, Vincent Thomas Revell. Revell testified that on 3 July, he was attacked and robbed by three young men while driving along Cashihere Road, near the Princess Margaret Hospital. Initially, Revell had been socialising at the Valley Inn Hotel where he encountered the accused—Peter Charles Yeatman (23), Thomas Ian McGlinchy (23), and William Alexander Gill (26)—inviting them to a party. Revell left the party early due to discomfort with the company and later encountered Yeatman again, who apologised for previous conduct. After a round of drinks paid for by Revell, Yeatman offered him a lift into town. As they drove, Revell sensed danger when the route took an unexpected turn towards Cashmere instead of the city. He was instructed to sit in the back seat while McGlinchy took over driving. Soon after, Yeatman demanded Revell's money, initially threatening him if he did not comply. A struggle ensued in which all three men attacked Revell, kicking and hitting him. In a bid to prevent further violence, Revell yielded £5 to them but was pressed for more, as he had approximately £40. The assailants eventually stopped the vehicle on a deserted road, prompting Revell to pass out amid the ordeal. After regaining his senses, he sought help and managed to reach the Princess Margaret Hospital in a taxi. A local resident, William Thomas Garlick, witnessed a commotion and heard cries for help, seeing Revell later staggering towards the hospital. Witnesses identified the accused as having a similar car to the one involved and observed them the following day near the scene. Revell's belongings, including a scarf and a broken tooth, were discovered in Yeatman's vehicle after the incident. During his testimony, Revell recounted that McGlinchy instructed the others to knockout Revell and described how Yeatman strangled him with a scarf while pressing for more money. The defence attorneys for the accused opted not to call any evidence. Detective evidence during the trial revealed that Yeatman claimed Revell had acted inappropriately towards him, stating he was responsible for throwing Revell out of the car. Similarly, McGlinchy and Gill made statements suggesting that the incident was provoked by Revell's alleged advances. Gill admitted to having been drinking heavily and claimed to have little recollection of the events. The trial concluded with arguments focusing on the culpability of the accused in both the robbery and the assault, with all three facing serious charges as the court prepared for subsequent hearings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610824_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610824.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-263736000
4169,25,08,1961,"Supreme Court Three Guilty Of Assault With Intent... (Press, 25 August 1961)","In a Supreme Court case that concluded on 25 August 1961, three young men were found guilty of assaulting Vincent Thomas Revell with intent to rob him, although they were acquitted of the more serious charge of robbery. The accused are Peter Charles Yeatman, 23, Thomas Ian McGlinchy, also 23, and William Alexander Gill, 26. The incidents took place on a remote section of Cashmere Road near Princess Margaret Hospital on 15 July. The jury deliberated for approximately 3 hours and 40 minutes before reaching a verdict. They did not need to consider a verdict on the charge of assault due to their decision on the lesser charge. Mr Justice Richmond remanded the three men in custody until 31 August for sentencing. During the trial, the prosecution presented evidence that suggested the accused had planned to attack Revell after picking him up from Valley Inn Hotel. Mr C. M. Roper, representing the Crown, highlighted inconsistencies in the accused's explanation for driving Revell to the secluded area. He noted that Revell was positioned in the back seat between Yeatman and Gill when the alleged assault occurred. Roper argued that the three accused's quick departure from the scene indicated their intent to conceal their actions. Evidence was presented that Revell sustained injuries including abrasions, bruises, and a broken tooth during the incident. Defence attorney Mr P. G. S. Penlington argued that there was no evidence money was taken from Revell, who had been drinking and was uncertain about how much cash he had on him at the time. The defence suggested that the lack of any clear motive for robbery and the digital uncertainty surrounding Revell’s account owing to his intoxication should lead the jury to acquit the accused. Mr R. G. Blunt, representing Gill, contended that the change of drivers was due to Yeatman’s erratic driving rather than any intent to rob or assault. He further argued that if the jury had any doubt about Revell's alleged advances towards Yeatman leading to the altercation, they must find the defendants not guilty. Defence counsel Mr de Goldi also pointed to previous interactions between Revell and Yeatman, suggesting that accusations of indecency prompted the aggressive actions. He maintained that Revell’s injuries were not indicative of a beating, implying they were consistent with being forcibly removed from the vehicle. In summary, the jury found the three men guilty of the lesser charge of assault with intent to rob after assessing the prosecution's arguments against the defence's claims of lack of motive and evidence. The case highlights complex dynamics and interpretations of intent and personal conduct in a tense situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610825_2_164.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610825.2.164,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-263649600
4168,25,08,1961,"Synod Seeks Medical Aid For Homosexuals (Press, 25 August 1961)","On 25 August 1961, a significant report advocating for sweeping changes in laws related to homosexuals was presented at the annual meeting of the Hawke’s Bay-Manawatu Methodist Synod in Palmerston North, New Zealand. The report, delivered by Rev. J. B. Dawson of Napier, called for increased legal tolerance of homosexual practices among consenting males over the age of 21. It urged the government to facilitate research investigating the causes of homosexuality, by utilising resources from various departments and subsidising educational, medical, and psychiatric studies. Dawson articulated that the primary role of criminal law in this area should be to maintain public order and decency, protect citizens from harm, and prevent exploitation, rather than intruding into the private lives of individuals or enforcing specific behavioural patterns. He emphasized that the Methodist Church has always believed in democratic values and drawn a clear distinction between sin and crime, asserting that the State is not the appropriate guardian of public morality. Acknowledging the controversial nature of the topic, Dawson framed homosexuality as a disease akin to alcoholism, which was previously treated as a crime. He raised questions about the effectiveness of punishment in eradicating homosexual behaviour, noting a consensus among authorities that imprisoning homosexuals is generally fruitless, as it often leads to social ostracism and a criminal mindset rather than rehabilitation. Dawson referred to inquiries made by the Methodist Church concerning the Swedish experience, where consensual homosexual acts among adults in private stopped being a criminal offence in 1944. The responses from Swedish authorities indicated no increase in the prevalence of homosexuality following this legal change. He argued that asserting certain situations should not be criminalised does not imply condoning private immorality, as mature individuals are capable of bearing personal responsibility without the looming threat of legal repercussions. The Synod overwhelmingly supported a resolution calling for the government to assist in researching and addressing the complexities surrounding homosexuality. Additionally, a separate incident reported detail a burglary at Crofts Laundry on Avonside Drive, where cash amounting to £50 was stolen after thieves drilled the lock to gain entry and forcefully accessed a filing cabinet.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610825_2_154.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610825.2.154,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-263649600
4170,30,08,1961,"Methodist Views On Homosexuality In N.z. (Press, 30 August 1961)","On 30 August 1961, the Auckland and Otago-Southland Methodist Synods convened to discuss a national report on homosexuality, ultimately choosing not to adopt it. The Otago-Southland Synod rejected the report based on concerns that legalising homosexuality would lead to its acceptance as morally right, while the Auckland Synod acknowledged the report but did not formally adopt it. The report from the Church's National Public Questions Committee argued that legal tolerance towards homosexuality would be a necessary first step in addressing what they deemed a hidden problem in society. However, the Otago-Southland Synod's stance was that it would be inappropriate for the state to intervene in the private lives of individuals, emphasising the Church’s long-standing distinction between sin and crime, and suggesting that the state is not the optimal guardian of private morality. Key points from the report that were received but not adopted included the necessity for further study into the causes and nature of homosexuality, and the need for the government to facilitate this research by providing resources and supporting private agencies. It also called for a shift in public understanding and the dispelling of prejudices surrounding homosexuality. The report noted significant gender disparities in the existing laws regarding homosexual conduct, arguing that female homosexuality was largely exempt from legal consequences, creating a legal inconsistency. Despite acknowledging concerns regarding potential moral decay if the law changed, the report's authors asserted that fears of an indiscriminate liberalisation were exaggerated. Mr. Selwyn Dawson, who presented the report, highlighted the Church's history of compassion for various offenders, lamenting that often, no similar compassion has been extended to those involved in homosexual behaviours. Dr. D. O. Williams added that homosexuality is quite prevalent in Auckland and urged rational consideration of the subject rather than an emotional response. In conclusion, the synods resolved to recommend to the Methodist Conference that the government undertake investigations into the causes of homosexuality, in line with the report's suggestions. The discussions reflect the complexities and tensions within the Church regarding issues of morality, legality, and societal attitudes towards homosexuality during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610830_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610830.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-263217600
4171,14,09,1961,"Parliament Heavier Penalties For Many Crimes (Press, 14 September 1961)","On 13 September 1961, a significant reform to New Zealand's criminal code was introduced in the House of Representatives through the Crimes Bill. This legislation retains the death penalty for specific severe crimes, including the newly defined ""aggravated murder,"" repeat murder offenders, and treason. For other forms of murder, however, the death penalty is replaced with mandatory life imprisonment. Life imprisonment will also continue for manslaughter, but all other life sentences are abolished. The bill, which spans 183 pages and comprises 412 clauses, aims to revise and consolidate the criminal code, addressing the inadequacies of existing laws. Aggravated murder is defined as an intentional killing that is premeditated and deliberate or committed during the commission of another crime. Importantly, charges must specify circumstances that meet this definition, and individuals cannot be convicted of murder due simply to carelessness. The expectation of knowing the potential lethal consequences of their actions is retained, while a provision that convicted persons “ought to have known” has been removed. Notably, the bill exempts pregnant women and minors under 18 from the death penalty. The legislation also introduces an appeal process for individuals charged with murder or aggravated murder, allowing them to contest prior convictions if they can prove that the court error warrants it. Additionally, certain provisions from English and Scottish law regarding diminished responsibility are included, which could reduce a murder charge to manslaughter for offenders suffering from significant mental health issues. Other notable changes include an increased maximum penalty for car conversion from three to seven years, aligning it with theft penalties. Attempted suicide is decriminalised, shifting the focus to treatment under health legislation. The bill abolishes the grand jury system, expands the definition of rape to include coercive circumstances, and significantly revises penalties for various sexual offences, increasing sentences for crimes against minors. The bill also creates several new offences, ranging from communicating secrets to kidnapping, with varying maximum penalties. Moreover, the Supreme Court gains powers to impose confidentiality restrictions for trials in the interest of justice. Significantly, the definition of provocation is altered to allow broader circumstances to qualify, potentially reducing culpable homicide to manslaughter. The bill also updates provisions concerning defamatory libel, radio, and television slander. The Crimes Bill is set to come into effect on 1 January 1962, as part of a broader legislative package that includes minor amendments through a Summary Proceedings Amendment Bill. This reform marks a substantial change in New Zealand's legal landscape targeting crime, punishment, and the protection of rights, reflecting a shift towards more humane treatment in the justice system while addressing public safety and morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19610914_2_148.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19610914.2.148,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-261921600
4172,07,11,1961,"Methodists In Favour Of Legal Toleration Of... (Press, 7 November 1961)","On 6 November 1961, the Methodist Conference in Auckland endorsed a report advocating for the legal toleration of homosexual acts between consenting adults. This report will be submitted to the New Zealand Government as a first step towards addressing issues surrounding homosexuality. The conference also called for further investigation into the causes of homosexuality, suggesting that government resources be allocated to support educational, medical, and psychiatric research. The report contended that acknowledging certain circumstances where homosexual behaviour should not be criminalised does not equate to endorsing immorality. It highlighted inconsistencies in current laws regarding homosexual offences, particularly noting that female homosexuality is largely overlooked by the legal system. The report pointed out that it is unjust for male homosexual acts to incur severe penalties while similar actions by women go unpunished. Furthermore, the conference expressed concern about inequities in punishment, stating that it is contrary to the common good for homosexual acts to face harsher penalties than adultery, which is essentially unpunished. It questioned the effectiveness of imprisonment as a deterrent for homosexual behaviour, arguing that most experts agree such punishment is largely futile. The report also countered fears that legal reform would lead to rampant licence, asserting that the actual deterrent effect of existing laws is unclear, and many individuals engage in homosexual acts regardless of legal consequences. In addition to addressing homosexuality, the conference requested that its public questions committee prepare a statement regarding flogging and similar corporal punishment, particularly as a supposed remedy for moral offences. It also encouraged the inter-church council of public affairs to explore the discrimination faced by athletes who refuse to play or compete on Sundays due to personal convictions. The conference expressed strong support for the New Zealand Parliament's recent decision to abolish the death penalty for murder, praising the Minister of Justice, Mr Hanan, for his principled stance. They also advocated for the abolition of the death penalty for treason, reflecting their broader commitment to reforming punitive measures in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19611107_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19611107.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-257256000
4173,31,03,1962,"The Beckford Legend (Press, 31 March 1962)","The book ""England's Wealthiest Son"" by Boyd Alexander focuses on William Beckford, a significant figure in 18th-century literature known primarily for his novel ""Vathek."" This work is noted for bringing the allure and brutality of the East to English readers far more effectively than previous translations like Galland's ""The Arabian Nights."" Although ""Vathek"" may not stand as a literary masterpiece today, it carries historical importance, capturing themes of the voracious pursuit of experiences and the self-absorbed nature of characters in European literature during that period. Beckford, who was believed to be the wealthiest man in Britain at the time, led a life that attracted considerable public attention. His wealth, eccentric lifestyle, and the persistent allegations regarding his homosexual tendencies made him a figure of intrigue. Alexander's book delves into these aspects, attempting to dissect the rumours surrounding Beckford and offering a defence against them. While much of Beckford's life is familiar to literary scholars, with two recent biographies published, Boyd Alexander opts for focusing on specific themes rather than providing a detailed biography. He examines Beckford's troubling dreams, suggesting that the guilt associated with his adolescent feelings and his awareness of societal judgement intensified his emotional struggle. This internal conflict haunted him, influencing many elements of his life and work. Moreover, Boyd portrays Beckford as a man who often lacked self-reliance, frequently seeking validation and understanding from others. His sense of isolation was amplified by what was perceived as his ""unEnglishness,"" a topic that seemed to plague his family, which was described as “ill-starred, persecuted and accursed.” The book also highlights the ongoing scholarship surrounding Beckford, noting that ""Beckford scholarship"" is robust and thriving. Boyd's writing is praised for its clarity and sophistication, with extensive bibliographies and scholarly notes complementing the narrative. The visually appealing and well-illustrated presentation of the book makes it a noteworthy edition for those interested in literary history and the complexities of Beckford's character.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620331_2_17_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620331.2.17.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-244814400
7624,19,04,1962,"Five Years’ Gaol For Breaking And Entering (Press, 19 April 1962)","John Albert Arthur, a 42-year-old dealer, was sentenced to five years in prison by Mr Justice Richmond in the Supreme Court on 19 April 1962 for breaking and entering the Runanga Co-operative Society's store with intent to commit a crime. The incident occurred on 30 March 1962, and Arthur had pleaded guilty to the charge, having previously been convicted in the Greymouth Magistrate’s Court. Defence counsel Mr G. S. Brockett indicated that Arthur had distanced himself from bad influences prior to the crime, but during a period of excessive drinking at a Christchurch hotel, he was persuaded by another man to travel to the West Coast. Upon reaching Runanga, Arthur was incapacitated by alcohol when they attempted to blow open a safe in the store. His role in the crime was primarily as a lookout. The court's evidence mentioned that the odour of cordite was detected on Arthur's clothing, but there was no mention of alcohol in the description of his condition. Mr Brockett clarified that the influence of alcohol was not offered as an excuse for the crime and asserted that Arthur had never relied on liquor as a defence. The defence maintained that there had been no prior planning by Arthur, which distinguished his actions from those typical of a premeditated crime. In contrast, the prosecution, represented by Mr C. M. Roper, argued that Arthur was fully aware of the crime he was committing, describing it as serious and expertly executed, thus dismissing the notion that he was in a semi-drunken state. Mr Roper pointed out that materials used for the burglary, which were found in Arthur's possession after the crime, contradicted the claims of a spontaneous decision. His Honour raised doubts regarding whether Arthur or his accomplice had actually blown the safe. Evidence indicated that the criminal partner responsible for the burglary had not been located. It was suggested that the crime had been committed impulsively, although Arthur had ample time to contemplate the consequences during their trip. In his remarks, Mr Justice Richmond acknowledged Arthur's previous efforts to reform and considered the seriousness of the offence. The judge concluded that despite the uncertainty of Arthur's exact involvement in the crime, he had played an active role. Ultimately, he opted for a finite sentence instead of preventive detention, though he noted the severity of the crime. The maximum penalty for such an offence could have entailed a ten-year prison term. Additionally, in a separate case also reported on the same day, Robin Arthur Walker, a 24-year-old, was sentenced to 11 months' imprisonment for two charges of sodomy. His sentences were to run concurrently, and upon his release, he would be on probation for a year with specific conditions regarding medical treatment or advice as recommended by the probation officer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620419_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620419.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-243172800
4174,30,06,1962,"Banning Of Book (Press, 30 June 1962)","On 30 June 1962, it was reported that the book ""The Way of Love,"" by New Zealand author James Courage, has been banned by the Customs Department in New Zealand. The book, which features a homosexual theme, had been available to the public since February 1959. Courage, originally from Christchurch and now residing in England, is recognised for his work as a novelist and has written several other titles such as ""The Fifth Child"" and ""Desire Without Content."" The assistant librarian at the Canterbury Public Library, Mr J. E. D. Stringleman, stated that to his knowledge, the book had not been brought to the attention of the advisory committee to determine whether it should be classified as an indecent publication. He mentioned that despite the ban communicated by the Customs Department, the book had already been available for over three years and those interested had likely read it by now. He noted that while there had been a few reservations for the book, overall demand had been low. A representative from the Customs Department indicated that they were not aware of the reasons behind the ban, as no formal notification had been received from their head office regarding the decision. The representative expressed a belief that banning the book was unnecessary. A survey conducted among several booksellers in Christchurch revealed that none currently had the book in stock, although it had been available for purchase when it was first released. One bookseller suggested that the reason for the ban could be related to an upcoming paperback edition, although major paperback publishers did not list it in their schedules. James Courage was born in Amberley, New Zealand, and was educated at Christ’s College. He is known for his contributions to literature, particularly in exploring themes related to identity and sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620630_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620630.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-236952000
4175,11,07,1962,"Book Censorship (Press, 11 July 1962)","The treatment of James Courage's novel ""A Way of Love"" has brought attention to the need for reform in New Zealand's book censorship laws, which Mr Hanan, the Minister of Justice, is advocating for. This situation highlights the inefficiency of the current censorship system, as libraries and booksellers were only recently notified to withdraw the book, despite it being available in New Zealand since February 1959. Critics argue that the censorship process has been ineffectively managed. Notably, Courage's book was not reviewed by the independent advisory committee meant to evaluate its literary quality and other pertinent aspects. Instead, the recommendation to possibly take action against the book was made by a departmental committee comprising officials from the Customs and Justice Departments along with the Crown Law Office, who solely advised that ""certain action"" might be warranted upon the book's importation or display, lacking the authority to outright ban it. The criteria used to deem books acceptable or unacceptable in New Zealand remain ambiguous, primarily because no explicit reasons were provided concerning ""A Way of Love."" This novel addresses homosexual themes, raising concerns that if it were excluded solely for that reason, other respected modern novels covering similar material would also need to be banned. Reference was made to Sir John Wolfenden, who chaired a British Royal Commission discussing homosexuality and noted the importance of producing reports that any informed member of the public could understand. There are questions as to whether New Zealand's censorship body would also react similarly to the findings of the Wolfenden Report. Courage's book appears not to have been evaluated based on its literary merit, as there lacks any indication of such an assessment being conducted. Critics argue that had it been reviewed for its literary quality, it would likely not have been deemed unacceptable. Furthermore, it is posited that the book does not contain pornographic content. A reviewer from ""The Press"" noted that Courage's examination of the subject was ""sober, serious, and dignified,"" suggesting that the disapproving actions stemmed more from the themes explored rather than the quality or explicitness of the writing. If the interdepartmental committee were to pursue a consistent stance and act against all literature that examines homosexual themes, it would risk undermining its credibility. Such an approach could galvanise public support for the reforms that Mr Hanan seeks to implement regarding the censorship of books in New Zealand, addressing the inconsistencies identified in the current framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620711_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620711.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-236001600
4176,13,07,1962,"Book Censorship (Press, 13 July 1962)","In a letter published on 13 July 1962, the writer, signing as Proteus, responded to a leader article on the topic of homosexuality. They expressed agreement with the article's timely insights and referenced the book “A Way of Love,” suggesting it likely overlapped in themes with ""A Way of Life"" by Peter Wildblood, which addressed homosexual issues. Proteus raised a critical point about societal perceptions of literature discussing sexual deviations, questioning why such works are seen as more demoralising than those featuring promiscuous behaviour commonly depicted in other writings which receive no censorship. The writer highlighted the incongruity in how literature is treated under the law, noting that while some sexually explicit material is freely available, others are strictly prohibited. This contradiction was deemed absurd by Proteus, drawing a parallel using Euclidean logic to emphasise the point. The letter concluded by expressing discontent with these inconsistencies in how literature related to sexuality was governed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620713_2_10_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620713.2.10.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-235828800
4177,14,07,1962,"A Subject Of “advice” (Press, 14 July 1962)","On 14 July 1962, a controversy emerged surrounding the novel ""A Way of Love"" by New Zealand author James Courage, following an interdepartmental committee's advice that implied threats of prosecution for bookstores and libraries that continued to stock the book. As a result, many booksellers and libraries chose to withdraw it from their shelves. The article also includes a reprint of a review from March 28, 1959, which discusses the novel in detail. James Courage is recognised as a skilled expatriate New Zealand writer, known for his sensitive exploration of personal relationships within the context of New Zealand life from decades earlier. However, ""A Way of Love"" marks a departure from his previous works, as it presents a thorough and sympathetic study of a homosexual relationship. This shift poses a surprise for many of Courage's readers, given that his earlier novels only hinted at themes of homosexuality. The review notes that Courage's approach is serious and dignified, aiming to foster public understanding of the challenges faced by homosexual individuals who are also principled and conscientious. Despite this, the review expresses reservations about the appropriateness of the subject matter being addressed in this way. Its structure is critiqued as resembling an argument laid out in novel form, leading to an overall impression of tedium, attributed to the emotional emptiness and frustrations of the characters portrayed. The story centres on a middle-aged architect who has reconciled his homosexual identity and created a lifestyle compatible with it while living in London. The architect's relationships consist primarily of other men, with the narrative touching upon the loneliness and promiscuity experienced by many in the homosexual community in that era. One couple featured in the story appears to have found relative happiness, though such outcomes are portrayed as infrequent. The architect meets a young man at a concert, sensing a shared homosexual identity. He engages with the young man carefully, allowing him the agency to make a choice. However, the young man struggles to accept his own identity and ultimately leaves the architect, resulting in a poignant conclusion to the narrative. The review notes that Courage's sober and candid account of the characters may resonate emotionally even with the most prejudiced readers. Additionally, Courage lightly addresses the criminal aspects associated with homosexual life in urban settings but refrains from delving deeply into these themes. His focus remains on the honest struggle of individuals seeking to lead a life that, as much as possible, aligns with societal norms. Overall, ""A Way of Love"" is positioned as a significant but contentious work that promises to expand understanding and empathy toward the complexities of homosexual existence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620714_2_8_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620714.2.8.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-235742400
6550,14,07,1962,"Afflicted (Press, 14 July 1962)","""Born Like That"" by Denise Legrix, published by Souvenir Press, tells the powerful story of Denise, born in a Norman peasant family in 1930, weighing just four pounds and without arms or legs. From a young age, she demonstrated an indomitable spirit, determined to overcome her adversities. Despite her family's extreme poverty and inability to support her, Denise learned to feed herself, move, and ultimately became skilled in sewing and painting. To expand her market for her handmade crafts, she participated in a sideshow, only to find herself exploited and mistreated by the proprietor and his wife. This unsettling experience exemplified the brutal realities she faced. After managing to escape this ordeal, Denise began anew but encountered significant challenges, including cruelty from others. Nevertheless, she found solace and camaraderie with other disabled individuals, even as charitable institutions often focused on her commercial potential rather than her personal struggles. With her parents ageing and in need of support, Denise took it upon herself to care for them. However, she faced further misfortune when the house she purchased for them was destroyed in WWII bombing. Additional hardships arose as she managed the complexities of employing a personal maid, encountering further apathy and unkindness. The narrative, as captured by the author, is devoid of self-pity and presents a raw depiction of her arduous journey. Denise ultimately channeled her suffering into her art, attaining a degree of success and stability. The overarching message of the book is a testament to resilience and the human spirit, with the author urging readers to confront the realities of her life rather than offering a fairy tale. While the book may not be enjoyable for everyone, its powerful account serves as an important read for those willing to understand the struggles faced by severely handicapped individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620714_2_8_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620714.2.8.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-235742400
4178,21,07,1962,"Guilt (Press, 21 July 1962)","On 21 July 1962, a review was published for the book ""Guilt, its meaning and significance"" by John G. McKenzie. The author, who had a notable career as a Professor of Social Science and Psychology at Paton College in Nottingham, England, draws from his extensive experience in writing about human issues faced by individuals across the spectrum of society. His weekly writings are widely read throughout the Commonwealth, attesting to his resonance with readers on matters of psychological impact. The review highlights that this new work is a significant contribution to psychological discourse, focusing on the concept of guilt, which is a universal experience among humans. It emphasises the debilitating nature of guilt, suggesting it underlies many psychological issues encountered in practice. As mental illness becomes increasingly prevalent, McKenzie argues for the need to understand and address the inhibitive role of guilt in therapy. McKenzie differentiates between objective guilt, which is addressed predominantly by the legal system—where an individual may be deemed not responsible for their inherent condition, yet accountable for their actions—and subjective guilt, which poses a challenge for psychologists and theologians alike. The author underscores the difficulty psychiatrists face when providing testimonies in legal contexts, noting the complex nature of impulsive actions leading to crimes. He critiques existing legal frameworks, particularly the McNaghten Rules, implying that they fall short in dealing with the nuances of uncontrollable impulses following a crime. The interplay of law, ethics, and theology regarding guilt is a central concern of the book. McKenzie bases his arguments on extensive reading and personal case studies, deepening the reader's understanding of the psychological burden of guilt. He particularly shines when addressing the intersection of religion and guilt. Having tutored numerous divinity students, McKenzie articulates the profound emotional struggles associated with personal guilt and the desire for forgiveness. He notes the difficulty individuals have in forgiving themselves, despite seeking pardons for their transgressions. The author posits that while sins may leave lasting effects, spiritual restoration can alleviate the burden of guilt. The review concludes by noting that McKenzie’s work is valuable and engaging, making it accessible even to readers unfamiliar with psychological terminology. Each chapter includes curated reading lists, further aiding readers in exploring the complexities surrounding guilt. Overall, ""Guilt, its meaning and significance"" is presented as an insightful exploration that will interest various practitioners and scholars in the fields of psychology and theology.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620721_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620721.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-235137600
4179,07,08,1962,"Architect For Sentence (Press, 7 August 1962)","On 7 August 1962, William Thorrold Jaggard, a 48-year-old architect from Palmerston North, was committed to the Supreme Court on multiple serious charges, including 11 counts of indecent assault on males and one count of attempted assault. The case was characterised by the presiding magistrate, Mr D. G. Sinclair, as particularly severe, with a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment applicable. The offences occurred between January 13, 1956, and 2 August 1962, involving young males aged 17 to 29. Detective Senior Sergeant F. A. Gordon provided insights into the nature of the crimes, indicating that the majority of the assaults took place in a bar-like setting set up in Jaggard's rooms. Jaggard admitted to all charges, which spared the victims from the distress of recounting their experiences in court. A police search revealed indecent literature and photographs in Jaggard’s possession, including a biography he authored titled ""Confessions of a Homosexual."" Incredibly, a list of 93 local youths and men was found with Jaggard, each entry noted with a numerical code and date that suggested the degree of indecency encountered by these individuals. Although possible additional charges could have been brought against him, the current charges were deemed sufficient for prosecution at this stage. Detective Gordon highlighted the gravity of the situation, noting that Jaggard had exploited his respected position within the community to perpetrate acts of indecency, particularly against vulnerable youths who had sought his guidance for career advice. Gordon stated that the indecent activities had reportedly been ongoing for 32 years, based on Jaggard's own admissions. He condemned Jaggard's actions as intentionally manipulative, illustrating a methodical approach to seducing young men over the years. Defending Jaggard was Mr H. Y. Gilliand, while Jaggard was remanded in custody pending further proceedings. The case stands out not only for its distressing content but also for the significant breach of trust involved, given Jaggard's professional standing in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620807_2_156.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620807.2.156,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-233668800
4180,28,08,1962,"Prison Life Described By Psychiatrist (Press, 28 August 1962)","In an article published in the New Zealand Medical Journal on 28 August 1962, Dr. A. J. W. Taylor, a psychiatrist based in Wellington, discusses the complex social dynamics and psychological impacts of life in Mount Crawford Prison. He argues that when individuals are denied the opportunity to become responsible citizens, they often turn their efforts towards becoming effective criminals. Dr. Taylor highlights that the prison environment fosters a distinct moral and economic framework in which inmates seek mutual support, and this can lead to a deterioration of moral values. He explains that new inmates, or novices, feel compelled to emulate professional criminals, particularly if they feel rejected by society or their families. Within the prison, inmates are influenced by one another, often rejecting the role of staff and adhering to a code that discourages collaboration with authorities. The primary crime within this setting, Dr. Taylor notes, is being caught stealing from fellow inmates, followed closely by being labelled an informer. Dr. Taylor observes a general reluctance among inmates to engage in productive activities, which is often linked to feelings of lethargy. However, he identifies that opportunities to engage in meaningful tasks during emergencies, such as fire-fighting, can foster cooperation and improve morale. He notes that certain times, such as the quarterly parole board sessions or Christmas, evoke heightened emotional responses, serving as reminders of their confinement. The article also delves into the social hierarchy present among inmates, where individuals are classified based on the nature of their crimes. Professional individuals who have faltered in their careers, such as lawyers or teachers, find themselves on the same social level as seasoned criminals, while those convicted of lesser crimes are ranked lower. This hierarchy is rigid, resulting in inmates gravitating towards those with similar backgrounds, even if they may have noble intentions of promoting inclusivity. Dr. Taylor highlights that inmates often create elaborate stories to explain their absence from society, and many show little interest in improving prison conditions upon their release, likely out of fear of being perceived as suspicious citizens. He concludes by stating that therapeutic interventions can aid inmates in adjusting to prison life. While the long-term effectiveness of such therapies in helping former inmates reintegrate into society remains uncertain, he believes that the immediate benefits of therapy for adjusting to the prison environment are significant.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620828_2_270.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620828.2.270,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-231854400
7417,01,09,1962,"Knowledge Is Just One Universe After Another (Press, 1 September 1962)","Dr. G. Schlesinger, a senior lecturer at the Australian National University, presented a thought-provoking paper entitled “What Is Science For?” at the A.N.Z.A.A.S. Congress in Sydney. He proposed a hypothetical society that retains an eighteenth-century understanding of geometry, juxtaposed with highly advanced technology capable of intergalactic travel. Illustrating his argument, Schlesinger drew a scenario where a cosmic explorer, upon embarking on a journey through an infinite shell of concentric universes, encounters duplicates of his home and loved ones in a universe resembling his own. He suggested that, under Euclidean geometry, the only explanation for this phenomenon would be the existence of these multiple universes, all linked in synchrony as the explorer journeyed in a straight line. Schlesinger elaborated on the implications if non-Euclidean geometries were accepted, positing that such developments could theoretically allow a traveller to return to their original point despite travelling in a straight line. This analogy served to highlight the complex landscape of modern science, where navigating through its various branches can feel like traversing unconnected realms. The A.N.Z.A.A.S. Congress aimed to bridge perceived divides between various scientific disciplines through public engagement initiatives, including introductory lectures and symposia focused on interdisciplinary topics. Despite these attempts, many delegates remained rooted in their individual specialties, as the increasing complexity and specialisation of knowledge made cross-disciplinary understanding challenging. Professor A. P. Elkin remarked on the disparity in depth and accessibility within scientific fields, noting how specialisation had led to a situation where even different branches of the same science often felt disconnected from one another. Professor N. S. Bayliss, the president of A.N.Z.A.A.S., observed trends indicating that, while the body of scientific knowledge has been growing rapidly—doubling in size every eight years compared to every 13 years only decades prior—the ability for any single individual to grasp the entirety of science has diminished significantly. This trend illustrates the growing complexity of knowledge, marking a departure from the era when a single person could comprehend all scientific advancements. Ultimately, the Congress highlighted a pressing need for scientists and the public alike to acknowledge the interconnectedness of various disciplines amidst the encroaching complexity and specialisation in the field. The reality of modern science is a unified challenge that requires collaborative efforts, even as the experience of attending such conferences can often feel like navigating through a series of isolated universes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620901_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620901.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-231508800
4181,15,09,1962,"King James's Court (Press, 15 September 1962)","On 15 September 1962, a review was published detailing Professor G. P. V. Akrigg's book ""Jacobean Pageant: The Court of King James I."" The work aims to portray the era of James I, particularly focusing on his court, alongside a history of his reign and significant aspects of it. Akrigg, from the University of British Columbia, employs a method that blends narrative with descriptions, centring predominantly on the intricacies of the court, its organisation, notable figures, their lifestyles, and the disruptions to its routine. The reviewer finds the book's focus on court ceremonials, incidents, and scandals, as well as the insights into foreign ambassadors and court favourites, to be captivating. However, this interest is described as stemming from an accumulation of trivial facts about a vastly different time rather than a cohesive narrative or analysis that could lend depth to the subject matter. While ""Jacobean Pageant"" is deemed readable, it is critiqued for being poorly structured and somewhat condescending. The reviewer suggests Akrigg has become overly engrossed in the details, allowing the material to overwhelm the narrative structure instead of maintaining a disciplined focus. Some sections appear redundant, as they recount information previously presented in other studies without contributing substantial new insights. The examination of King James's relationships with his favourites, particularly with Carr and Buckingham, is noted to hint at a possible homosexual bond, yet the author does not delve into this aspect comprehensively. Additionally, while the book discusses the organisation of the Privy Council and its interactions with Parliament, it lacks novel contributions to these well-established topics. Although James's character receives a sympathetic portrayal, the review notes that little new information enhances the existing knowledge about him. In sum, Professor Akrigg's work presents a collection of intriguing yet disconnected facts about the Jacobean court, missing the chance to provide significant insights into early seventeenth-century English history. The review concludes that while the book holds interest, its overall purpose and contribution could be clearer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620915_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620915.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-230299200
4182,25,09,1962,"‘Taste Of Honey' (Press, 25 September 1962)","On 25 September 1962, it was announced that the Phoenix Theatre would be staging Shelagh Delaney's acclaimed play ""A Taste of Honey"" from 9 to 13 October. This performance will mark the commencement of a new series of modern play presentations aimed at small audiences, as the theatre has a seating capacity of approximately 150. ""A Taste of Honey,"" notable for being one of the most significant plays of the decade, debuted when Delaney was just 19 years old. The play quickly gained popularity on stage and was subsequently adapted into a film. Set predominantly in a dilapidated flat in Manchester, the narrative revolves around Helen, an aging woman with a carefree attitude, and her daughter Jo. Helen's current partner, Peter, finds them in their flat and persuades her to move in with him, leaving Jo alone once more for Christmas. Jo then begins a relationship with a coloured sailor, who stays with her until the New Year. In the second act, Jo's pregnancy becomes apparent, and she is taken care of by Geoffrey, a homosexual boy who is eventually forced to leave when Helen returns, seeking to manage the birth of Jo's baby after being rejected by Peter. The play is recognised for its blend of humour and realism, eschewing the sentimental tropes often seen in contemporary ""kitchen sink"" dramas. Delaney's objective portrayal and fresh perspective on her characters' thoughts and emotions resonate with many in today's society. In this production, Daphne Milburn portrays Helen, while Olwyn Sanders, recently arrived from Hawke’s Bay, plays Jo. Lionel Rogers will take on the role of Peter, Barrie McIntyre will play Geoffrey, and Gordon Styles depicts the coloured sailor. Alastair Meldrum serves as producer and Gordon Styles is responsible for set design. Additionally, there will be a performance at the Lincoln community centre on 5 October. The Aranui Little Theatre group is also set to present its second performance, featuring three one-act plays at the Aranui High School assembly hall on 27 and 29 September at 8 p.m. The plays include ""Parlour Game"" and ""The Legend,"" written by Philip Johnson, and ""Six Maids a’Hopping,"" by Stuart Ready. The production team for this event consists of Natalie Brittenden, Alex Aitchison, and George Millburn.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19620925_2_174.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19620925.2.174,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-229435200
7625,30,10,1962,"Admission Of Sodomy (Press, 30 October 1962)","Rex David Young, a 37-year-old cinema manager from Eltham, was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment for sodomy in the Supreme Court in New Plymouth on 29 October 1962. Young had pleaded guilty to the charge involving a 17-year-old male. His lawyer, Mr J. A. Dean, argued that while the offence was serious, it was a tragedy that Young had lost everything due to his inability to manage his emotions. He described the incident as isolated and noted that Young had recognised the need for medical and psychiatric treatment. Mr Justice Hutchison acknowledged the case's tragic nature, noting Young's fine Christian upbringing and sober habits. However, he emphasised the seriousness of the crime, particularly as it involved a youth, and mentioned that the association had been ongoing for a significant period. The judge underscored the importance of upholding community obligations, stating that a term of imprisonment was necessary in this situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19621030_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19621030.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-226411200
4183,03,11,1962,"Magistrate’s Court Argument Over Cuba Situation... (Press, 3 November 1962)","An incident on October 25, 1962, involving a heated argument over the situation in Cuba escalated into a physical confrontation at the pie cart in Cathedral Square. Sergeant B. D. Read provided testimony in court, noting that the altercation required police intervention to separate the involved parties. Peter James Olin, a 19-year-old truck driver, and 37-year-old scrap dealer Ronald Russell Taylor both pleaded guilty to charges related to the fight, receiving fines of £10 and £7 10s, respectively. Defence lawyer Mr G. R. Lascelles argued that Taylor was initially a bystander who became involved after derogatory comments were made, leading to the conflict. In other court proceedings, Robert Johnston, aged 67, was convicted of assault and fined £5, after admitting to being troublesome during a minor motor accident. Meanwhile, two youths received a discharge after tipping over a car in a drunken escapade, causing damage of £9 10s. Koro Ihaia, 22, was convicted of offensive behaviour after being found with rude phrases painted on his jacket while watching television. John William Davies, a 34-year-old labourer, also pleaded guilty to theft of a wheelbarrow, for which he was fined £10. A woman, whose name was suppressed, faced a charge of theft from Woolworths, resulting in a suspended sentence pending her adherence to probation conditions. In another case, Michael Walter Mac Gibbon, aged 20, and John Ernest Flutey, aged 26, were convicted and fined for stealing a warning lamp. Charges against Kenneth Peter Mansfield concerning driving without care and attention and assault were adjourned to December. Clifford James Jordan, a 30-year-old driver, was placed on probation for a year for pigeon theft, while Maxim Joseph Francis Huston, 17, was convicted of possessing a firearm and discharged. Breaches of probation led to two 20-year-olds receiving seven days’ imprisonment each. Furthermore, Robert Ross Munro and Desmond Frederick Stokes were fined for being on licensed premises during restricted hours. Deso Calbrik, 28, was fined for public drunkenness, while others faced consequences for various theft and breach of regulations, with some remanded for further hearings later in November. One notable case involved Trevor Jack Laby, sentenced to two years imprisonment for multiple charges of false pretences and obtaining credit by fraud, stemming from incidents across several locations over a month-long period. Similarly, William Lewis Lowey received a cumulative sentence of 18 months for theft and was recommended for deportation. Fraises and theft cases continued with one young offender’s bicycle theft leading to a £20 fine and restitution. Finally, several individuals related to assault charges and theft were remanded for further inquiries or awaiting sentencing, encapsulating a range of criminal activities discussed in court.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19621103_2_175.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19621103.2.175,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-226065600
4184,06,11,1962,"Counter-espionage By U.k. Embassy Men (Press, 6 November 1962)","British intelligence has come under scrutiny following revelations that agents stationed in embassies abroad had been feeding false information to Moscow after being recruited by Russian intelligence, as reported by the ""Sunday Telegraph"" on 4 November 1962. The article stated that some embassy employees who had reported attempts at compromise or blackmail from the Russians were subsequently employed for counterespionage efforts. Senior intelligence officials had been aware of Russia's interest in individuals with potential homosexual inclinations and noted that Russia had managed to identify candidates for recruitment even before they left Britain for diplomatic posts, thanks to information relayed by Russian agents operating within the country. The case of George Blake, a double agent serving a 42-year sentence, exemplifies this espionage issue, as he allegedly provided Moscow with detailed lists of individuals likely to be assigned to embassies. Similarly, William Vassall, an Admiralty spy currently serving an 18-year term, reportedly collected information regarding the drinking habits, sexual tendencies, and political opinions of those expected to be posted abroad. The ""Daily Telegraph"" also highlighted that deliberate ""plants"" within embassies were orchestrated to gain deeper insights into current Russian espionage techniques. While some individuals who had reported Russian advances were flown back to Britain without facing consequences, others were left in place for counter-espionage activities. In the wake of these revelations, the Labour Opposition launched a severe critique of the government regarding the Vassall case. Labour’s defence spokesman, Mr Patrick Gordon Walker, described Vassall’s actions as ""really hair-raising"" and expressed hope that Lord Carrington, the First Lord of the Admiralty, would resign if an investigation concluded that his department had been negligent in its oversight.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19621106_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19621106.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-225806400
4185,10,11,1962,"Minister Resigns In Naval Security Row (Press, 10 November 1962)","On 8 November 1962, a political uproar in the UK Parliament culminated in the resignation of Mr Thomas Galbraith, the Under-Secretary for Scotland and former Civil Lord of the Admiralty. This development followed a week of intense scrutiny regarding naval security after revelations about Galbraith's association with William Vassall, a homosexual who was sentenced to 18 years in prison for selling naval secrets to Russia. The Prime Minister, Mr Harold Macmillan, announced Galbraith's resignation during a session of the House of Commons, amidst allegations concerning the nature of his interactions with Vassall. The controversy arose after a series of personal letters from Galbraith to Vassall were unexpectedly published, revealing correspondence that mainly addressed mundane office matters but also included references to their ""friendship."" In response to the growing concerns about security, a three-man committee of senior civil servants was tasked with investigating the matter following the trial of Vassall. The committee concluded that, based on the letters, there was no evidence of a relationship that posed a security risk, prompting claims from the government that Galbraith's departure helped dispel the serious implications surrounding the case. However, the Labour Opposition expressed discontent with Macmillan's decision not to initiate an independent inquiry into Vassall’s case, leading them to issue a censure motion. A parliamentary debate on the motion was anticipated for the following week. Galbraith’s involvement with Vassall garnered particular attention when it was disclosed during the trial that Vassall had transported confidential Admiralty documents to Galbraith’s home in Scotland in a locked briefcase and that the two had shared a lunch together. Additionally, it was revealed that after the death of Vassall’s mother, Galbraith and his wife, who is Belgian-born, had briefly visited Vassall at his flat. Galbraith, who is 45 years old, has reportedly agreed to the release of his letters, which were found in Vassall's posh West End residence upon his arrest. Despite the resignation, it is understood that he intends to remain a member of Parliament. Following the resignation announcement, Mr Macmillan expressed confidence that the House would welcome the clarification provided by the investigation into Galbraith’s ties to Vassall.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19621110_2_182.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19621110.2.182,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-225460800
4186,12,11,1962,"Spy Case In U.k. (Press, 12 November 1962)","On 12 November 1962, the ""Sunday Telegraph"" reported that William John Vassall, a convicted Admiralty spy, was known to British diplomats in Moscow as a homosexual and that his connections with the Russians were acknowledged. Despite this knowledge, reports regarding Vassall from the British Embassy in Moscow were allegedly disregarded by the Admiralty. This has led to increasing calls for the control of service attaché staff in British embassies to be placed under the authority of the Foreign Office. The controversy surrounding Vassall is expected to escalate with a Labour motion of censure that will be debated in the House of Commons the following week, requesting the establishment of an independent inquiry into the incident. If it is confirmed that Vassall’s conduct had been reported to the embassy, his subsequent appointments within naval intelligence and the Civil Lord’s office would seem difficult to justify. Additionally, the ""People"" newspaper made connections between the Vassall case and the unsolved murder of an Admiralty clerk, Norman Rickard, who was found dead in February. Reports suggest that Rickard, who was also known to be homosexual, was working as an informant for Admiralty security on homosexuals in government when he was murdered. Speculations have arisen that Rickard may have been killed by a Russian assassin to conceal his investigation into Vassall, which the publication described as possibly orchestrated to appear as a sex-related crime. Rickard’s body was discovered in a wardrobe, restrained and strangled, raising suspicions about the motives behind his death. In other news, a Vietnamese airliner was reported missing, which was unaccounted for with 18 passengers and three crew members aboard. The aircraft, a two-engine DC3 belonging to South Vietnam's national airline, lost contact with air traffic control shortly after taking off from Hue. This incident occurred approximately 400 miles north of Saigon and adds to the day's significant headlines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19621112_2_120.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19621112.2.120,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-225288000
4187,13,11,1962,"Four Soldiers Charged (Press, 13 November 1962)","On 12 November 1962, the Magistrate's Court in Palmerston North heard guilty pleas from four soldiers from the Linton Army Camp on multiple charges of indecent assault on males. Mr D. G. Sinclair, S.M. presided over the case, with Mr H. Y. Gilliand representing all the accused. The court dealt with a total of 18 charges, with three of the accused being remanded in custody until 19 November for a probation officer's report and sentencing. The fourth accused, a 19-year-old, was granted bail. Among the accused was Bertram Harvey, aged 40, who pleaded guilty to nine counts related to offences committed at the Linton and Waiouru military establishments between April 1959 and November 1962. Detective Senior-Sergeant F. A. Gordon informed the court that Harvey had submitted a statement concerning his homosexual activities, although he did not intend to present it during the proceedings, instead passing it directly to the magistrate. William John Leslie Story, aged 24, entered a guilty plea to five charges stemming from incidents at Linton between February and November 1962. Robert Martin Peeples, aged 23, admitted to two charges at Linton, which arose from investigations at those military establishments. Notably, it was mentioned that Peeples held a commission within the army. The fourth soldier, Rodney William John Wilkinson, aged 19, also faced two charges at Linton and had been suspended from duty during the legal process. The court proceedings brought to light serious allegations of sexual misconduct within the military establishments and raised questions about the conduct and oversight within the armed forces during that period. The implications of these offences and the varying ages and ranks of the accused highlighted broader issues concerning discipline and behaviour among servicemen.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19621113_2_192.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19621113.2.192,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-225201600
4188,13,12,1962,"All-night Sitting On State Services Bill Likely (Press, 13 December 1962)","On 12 December 1962, the New Zealand Parliament was set to debate the State Services Bill through the night, following five days of intense discussions led by the Opposition. The urgency for both the State Services Bill and the Government Railways Amendment Bill was requested earlier in the day, reflecting the contentious nature of the measures being discussed. By late evening, more than half of the clauses in the State Services Bill had been passed, most with little to no opposition. One significant point of discussion was Clause 17, which proposed the establishment of a committee to advise on salary matters within the Public Service. Opposition member Mr A. H. Nordmeyer noted the difficulties previously encountered in addressing salary issues. Minister of Labour Mr Shand highlighted the challenges of setting fair salaries for higher earners and stressed the necessity of ensuring adequate remuneration to retain experienced public servants. Another area of contention arose around the appointment of outsiders to the Public Service. Mr Nordmeyer suggested changing the wording in the bill to indicate that outsiders should have 'substantially' more merit for positions than internal candidates. Meanwhile, the process for filling certain high-level positions sparked debate, with Mr Nordmeyer expressing concerns over diminished rights to appeal appointments, suggesting that a new committee structure would favour the existing commission due to its voting powers. Despite attempts to amend the provisions around appeals in appointment decisions, the proposed changes were lost in parliamentary votes. Furthermore, the bill included clauses on staff transfers related to national security, which faced scrutiny from Opposition members. Mr M. A. Connelly raised issues regarding the broad powers given to the security review authority, which did not allow for appeal on its decisions. Mr Shand defended the necessity of these measures, explaining that they would not be punitive but rather preventive, aimed at protecting the state's integrity. He attempted to reassure members by stating that the commission would ensure that any staff transferred due to security concerns would not suffer pay or seniority loss. However, Mr Nordmeyer countered that such measures could damage the reputation and standing of the affected individuals, leading to public disrepute based on potentially unfounded claims. During the discussion, the Prime Minister, Mr Holyoake, spoke against the idea that political motivations would influence the commission's decisions. The debate continued into the evening, with the remaining clauses of the bill being passed with minimal discussion. At 10.48 p.m., discussions shifted to the controversial Clause 42, which dealt with survey and ruling rates for salaries, ensuring that this aspect would require further deliberation. Overall, the heated exchanges underscored deep divides in Parliament over the legislation's implications for public service management, salary determination, and individual rights within the public sector.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19621213_2_144.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19621213.2.144,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-222609600
4193,24,01,1963,"Brinham’s Death (Press, 24 January 1963)","On 21 January 1963, an 18-year-old named Laurence Thomas Somers was found not guilty of the manslaughter of George Ivor Brinham, a former chairman of the British Labour Party. Brinham, aged 45, was discovered dead with head injuries in his London flat in November of the previous year. During the trial at the Old Bailey, Somers pleaded not guilty to the murder charge. The presiding judge instructed the jury to disregard the murder charge, stating that Somers's account indicated that Brinham had made unwanted homosexual advances towards him, which prompted Somers to strike Brinham with a decanter in self-defence. The judge believed that this scenario represented a clear case of provocation, leading to Somers's discharge from the court.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630124_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630124.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-218980800
4194,25,01,1963,"Evidence On Spy’s Flat At Inquiry (Press, 25 January 1963)","On 23 January 1963, during a British security inquiry, reporter Norman Frederick Lucas testified about his findings in the flat of convicted Admiralty spy William Vassall. Lucas, a crime reporter for the ""Sunday Pictorial,"" revealed that he discovered an array of unusual items, including perfume, cuddly toys, women’s corsetry catalogues, and photographs of French rugby players. His investigation at Vassall’s residence occurred after the spy's arrest, as he had been granted permission to negotiate publishing rights for Vassall’s life story. During his testimony, Lucas detailed how he noted the flat's decor and contents, which he described as being more indicative of a woman’s living space. He mentioned the presence of nine or ten bottles of perfume, colognes, and talcum powders, leading him to conclude that the environment felt distinctly feminine. Notably, he found a cuddly stuffed cheetah and a teddy bear among the belongings. Lucas also came across 80 to 100 photographs, some of which included images of the former Civil Lord of the Admiralty, Mr Thomas Galbraith. When queried about how Vassall might have obtained these photographs, Lucas suggested that they could have originated from Galbraith's wastepaper basket. The inquiry's chairman, Lord Radcliffe, interjected during the proceedings, clarifying that it was already understood that Vassall had homosexual tendencies, which were significant to the investigation. He expressed the need for the tribunal to assess whether Vassall's sexual orientation should have been evident to those in a position to report on him. Lucas further indicated that he had come across several letters in Vassall's flat written in unusually affectionate terms by various men, which further highlighted Vassall's private life. He recounted that after visiting the flat, the lingering smell of perfume remained on his hands for two days. Overall, Lucas's testimony provided insight into the personal and unusual aspects of Vassall's life, which, combined with his background as a spy, sparked significant interest and scrutiny during the inquiry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630125_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630125.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-218894400
4195,30,01,1963,"Vassall To Appear Before Tribunal (Press, 30 January 1963)","On 28 January 1963, the Radcliffe tribunal in London continued to investigate British naval security by questioning journalists regarding their information sources related to convicted spy William Vassall. Vassall, a former Admiralty clerk serving an 18-year sentence for espionage for Russia, was anticipated to testify publicly that day. However, due to time constraints, he could not appear and was driven back to prison. The tribunal expected him to return to testify the following day. During the session, two journalists were called as witnesses. The first, Mr. Rented Norris, detailed his interviews with Vassall's former teachers and classmates, who characterised him as ""strange"" and a ""sissy"". The second journalist, Mr. Peter Burden, revealed his assignment to assess Vassall's sexual orientation and connections with homosexual circles. Burden recounted a meeting with a man who had befriended Vassall while on holiday in Capri in 1966, noting that they did not stay at the same place but Vassall claimed he was lodging at an inn. Burden indicated he had visited several clubs in London's West End known to be frequented by homosexuals, and he confirmed finding two which Vassall was known to have visited. In a related testimony, the tribunal heard a 16-minute tape recording featuring interviews with Vassall’s housemate, Mrs. Murray, and a journalist identified as Mr. Yeas. Mrs. Murray mentioned that she was in another room during an incident at their flat involving Vassall and assumed the visitor was Mr. Thomas Garbraith, whom Vassall later identified as his ""boss."" The tribunal’s ongoing investigation highlighted the complexities surrounding Vassall's case, raising questions about his background and relationships, as well as broader implications for naval security in Britain. The questioning of the journalists aimed to expose the links between Vassall's personal life and his activities as a spy, amid increasing scrutiny on the handling of sensitive information within the military and government circles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630130_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630130.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-218462400
4196,26,03,1963,"Old Royal Scandal Raised (Press, 26 March 1963)","On 24 March 1963, it was reported that a document revealing a historical scandal involving the Duke of Cumberland, a relative of Queen Victoria, may be published pending the Queen's consent. The “Sunday Telegraph” stated that this document includes an alleged confession from the Duke regarding the murder of his valet, Selis, who was discovered with a cut throat in a locked room in 1818. Although a coroner's jury ruled the death a suicide, suspicion lingered that the Duke had committed the act after the valet attempted to blackmail him concerning a homosexual advance. The Duke of Cumberland, who later became King of Hanover in 1837, was noted for his controversial sexual activities, which resulted in two illegitimate children. These activities made him susceptible to accusations of promiscuity and even incest, as highlighted by radical journalists and politicians at the time. The allegations have drawn significant interest, especially with the potential for fresh scrutiny of a long-buried royal scandal. The document in question was penned in 1827 by Captain Charles Jones, the Duke's secretary, and is currently held within the archives of Windsor Castle, filed under a label stating that it is “not to be shown to research students without permission.” A university professor, Arthur Aspinall, is working on a series of volumes about Georgian history and has expressed intentions to seek the Queen's permission to publish the document. However, Aspinall noted that he considers the Duke's alleged confession to be an invention. If the Queen were to grant permission for the document's release, it could provoke a new wave of interest in royal history and potentially reshape perceptions surrounding the Duke of Cumberland's legacy. The newspaper suggested that if such a royal scandal were to be publicly aired, it would undoubtedly attract more sensational coverage and public interest.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630326_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630326.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-213710400
4197,26,04,1963,"Vassall Spy Case Tribunal Report Clears Minister... (Press, 26 April 1963)","On 25 April 1963, a tribunal in London released a report concluding that former British minister Mr Thomas Galbraith had no improper relationship with William Vassall, a former Admiralty clerk who had been imprisoned for espionage. The tribunal, led by Lord Radcliffe, described allegations connecting Galbraith with Vassall as unfounded. Vassall, who was sentenced to 18 years for selling secrets to the Soviet Union, had sparked controversy regarding his connections within the Admiralty. The tribunal examined claims that the First Lord of the Admiralty, Lord Carrington, and his service chiefs had prior knowledge of Vassall's spy activities. However, it determined that they were first alerted to the situation in April 1962, just months before Vassall's arrest. The report asserted that no officials were at fault for failing to identify Vassall as a security risk despite speculation regarding his lifestyle. Amidst the scandal, Galbraith had resigned from his ministerial position after the release of letters he exchanged with Vassall, which were mainly routine communications. Prime Minister Harold Macmillan backed the tribunal's establishment in Parliament and rejected the notion that Galbraith's efficiency was in question, instead accusing the Opposition of a smear campaign against his moral character. The tribunal unequivocally stated that there were no indications of an improper relationship between Galbraith and Vassall and dismissed claims they planned to meet in Italy, concluding such suggestions were baseless. They also noted no wrongful actions were taken regarding Vassall's recruitment or ongoing employment, asserting the security measures in place were inadequate for the situation. The report clarified that Vassall had never been perceived as a homosexual or a security risk within diplomatic circles, underscoring that there was no evidence the British security authorities overlooked significant details about him. It acknowledged that Vassall was manipulated into betrayal by a Russian secret service agent, Sigmund Mikhailski, who befriended him while he worked at the British Embassy in Moscow. Furthermore, the tribunal addressed various press allegations concerning Vassall's interactions with Galbraith, including claims about weekend visits to Galbraith's Scottish home. After reviewing correspondence found in Vassall’s possession post-arrest, the tribunal characterised the communications as innocent and typical of a friendly relationship with no inappropriate content. In a separate announcement on the same day, Lord Carrington revealed that the UK's Polaris submarines would be based on the River Clyde in Scotland, with facilities at Faslane in Gare Loch being developed for this purpose, expected to be completed by 1968 when the first submarine would become operational.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630426_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630426.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-211032000
4199,27,04,1963,"Russian At Embassy (Press, 27 April 1963)","On 25 April 1963, Sir William Hayter, a former British Ambassador to Moscow, acknowledged that the British Embassy had kept an employee, later identified as a Russian spy, in their ranks for too long. During an interview on commercial television, he expressed his thoughts on the Radcliffe tribunal's report regarding William Vassall, whom he described in the context of the Embassy's atmosphere at the time, referring to it as a ""beleaguered fortress."" The tribunal had found that Sigmund Mikhailski, another Embassy employee, discovered Vassall’s homosexual tendencies and exploited them to coerce Vassall into espionage for the Russian security services. When questioned about whether he had suspected Mikhailski was an operative for the Russian security, Hayter stated, ""We always assume every man is working for the Russian security services,"" and admitted that keeping Vassall on staff for as long as they did was a ""legitimate criticism."" Reflecting on his impression of Vassall, Hayter described him as a ""harmless seeming little figure"" who had a somewhat ingratiating personality. However, he clarified that he had not viewed Vassall as an ""active"" homosexual, instead describing him as ""ladylike."" Sir William Hayter served as the Ambassador in Moscow from 1953 to 1957 before retiring from the Foreign Service in 1958. He is currently the principal of one of Oxford University’s colleges. In a separate incident reported on the same day, a couple from Chippenham, Wiltshire, John and Pamela Broome, were fined £12 10s each and prohibited from keeping dogs in the future after allowing their boxer to starve to death. This case highlighted concerns about animal welfare as the couple faced legal consequences for their neglect.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630427_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630427.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-210945600
4198,27,04,1963,"Vassall Spy Report Major Political Fight Forecast... (Press, 27 April 1963)","A significant political confrontation is anticipated in the British Parliament following the release of a detailed report regarding the case of William Vassall, a former clerk in the British Embassy in Moscow turned spy for the Soviet Union. The 50,000-word report, compiled by a three-member tribunal, reveals that Vassall, who engaged in homosexual practices, was able to spy for the Soviets for seven years without detection. The tribunal found that neither Vassall's superiors at the Admiralty nor the previous Parliamentary Under-Secretary was to blame for failing to uncover his espionage activities, although the Soviet intelligence had evidently identified and exploited Vassall's vulnerabilities shortly after his posting in Moscow. Vassall, who is currently serving an eight-year prison sentence after being exposed in the previous autumn, had been an undetected spy while working at the Admiralty in London after his tenure in Moscow. The Prime Minister, Harold Macmillan, indicated that a full parliamentary debate on the report would occur within approximately ten days and would likely last for two days. The tribunal, led by Lord Radcliffe, cleared key officials, including Lord Carrington, the First Lord of the Admiralty, of culpability regarding the failure to detect Vassall. Although former Under-Secretary Thomas Galbraith resigned over the matter after correspondence with Vassall became public, the tribunal noted that this communication seemed innocuous and lacked any alarming implications. Consequently, the government does not expect any further resignations following the report's findings. The report pointed out serious flaws in security protocols, particularly regarding the vetting process Vassall underwent after returning from Moscow. While the embassy staff overall was largely absolved of blame, it was mentioned that Mr H. V. Pennells, who had made the decision to appoint Vassall to the embassy, acted indiscreetly and failed to heed prior warnings from the Foreign Office regarding potential vulnerabilities to Soviet blackmail involving younger staff members. Interestingly, the tribunal acknowledged that Mr Pennells made significant errors in judgment but did not classify his actions as negligent. His family reacted strongly to the report, with his daughter, Brenda Boyce, asserting that her father has been unfairly scapegoated and asserting an intention to seek accountability regarding the accusations directed at him, given that he passed away in September 1962 and could not defend himself. The tribunal's report is expected to resonate in Parliament, where the Labour opposition is likely to criticise the insufficient reforms to security measures following previous espionage scandals. The findings may prompt a review of current security protocols within British embassies, particularly in environments perceived as threats.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630427_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630427.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-210945600
7626,08,05,1963,"Magistrate's Court Given Ticket After Paying... (Press, 8 May 1963)","On 8 May 1963, the Magistrate's Court heard a case involving Henry Arthur Reginald Taylor, who received a ticket after double parking his vehicle while he attempted to pay a traffic fine. Taylor explained in court that he had circled the area several times without finding a parking space due to the Supreme Court session causing congestion. A court officer assured him that he would keep watch for any issues while Taylor went inside. However, by the time Taylor returned, a traffic officer was writing him a ticket. He was subsequently fined £1 for the offence by Mr E. S. J. Crutchley, S.M., who noted the importance of complying with traffic laws, even while addressing court matters. Another case involved 17-year-old Brian Patrick Docherty, who pleaded guilty to driving while disqualified. He was fined £30 and had his licence cancellation extended for an additional 18 months after colliding with another car and providing a false name. Docherty had previously been disqualified for two years due to dangerous driving. Frank Pope faced a charge of obstructing a vehicle entrance, but due to conflicting evidence, the Magistrate dismissed the case without casting aspersions on the traffic officer's testimony. Melvyn James Sheridan, aged 43, was remanded in custody to a later date to face charges of assault and attempted false pretences related to a £30 cheque. Two teenagers, Paul Fergus Kaye and Robert Mervyn Hills, were also remanded on serious charges of sodomy, with Kaye being granted bail while Hills' application for bail was denied. In numerous traffic cases presented by the City Council, various drivers faced fines for multiple offences, which included parking violations, exceeding speed limits, and operating vehicles without necessary documentation or safety measures. Fines ranged from £1 to £15, with an additional cost applied to each charge. Civil cases in the court revealed multiple individuals ordered to repay debts, with some facing imprisonment in default of payment. The judgments included various amounts owed to businesses for goods and services, highlighting the court's enforcement of repayment agreements. Overall, the court proceedings on that day reflected a range of traffic and civil matters, indicating ongoing enforcement efforts concerning public safety and financial accountability within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630508_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630508.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-209995200
7627,14,05,1963,"Magistrate’s Court Youth Convicted On Two Of Four... (Press, 14 May 1963)","On 14 May 1963, the Magistrate's Court dealt with several cases involving youth and crime, the most notable being the conviction of 19-year-old Bradley George Stockdale. He was charged with assaulting a police constable, resisting arrest, damaging property, and behaving disorderly following an incident at the Plaza Milk-bar in Cathedral Square on 10 April. Although Stockdale pleaded not guilty to all charges, he was convicted of disorderly behaviour and fined £10. Additionally, he faced a future sentence related to the assault charge, while the other charges were dismissed. Testimony revealed Stockdale had aggressively confronted customers and resisted arrest, even causing damage at the police station. The presiding magistrate noted procedural issues in how the police handled the situation, suggesting that their approach contributed to the escalation of events. In another case, Violet Watson, 49, faced seven charges of false pretences after obtaining goods worth £303 from various shops by fraudulently claiming to be associated with other individuals’ accounts. She pleaded guilty and was remanded on bail for sentencing on 20 May. Two young men, Dennis Eric Angove, 19, and Bryce Alan Carson, 21, were implicated in breaking into cars and stealing three shotguns and other items valued at £111. They both pleaded guilty and were remanded in custody until 20 May. Patrick Keane, 30, and Duncan Davidson Runciman, 29, pleaded guilty to fighting in the street. Keane was fined £4, while Runciman received a £3 fine. They admitted their fight resulted from an argument in a hotel. Edward Francis Clarke, 32, a waiter, pleaded guilty to stealing a coffee percolator from the Flamingo Restaurant and was fined £12, with an order for restitution of £8. This theft occurred around late March. Colin Thomas, 20, was fined £20 for using obscene language and behaving disorderly after a private event in Springston. William John Provis, 20, pleaded guilty to burglary and was remanded on bail for sentencing, while Ronald Alan Peters, 27, faced consecutive sentences for forgery, with the court treating it as a minor issue given his current imprisonment. Several cases were either adjourned or remanded, including those of Alwyn Keith Aldridge and John Victor McGuire on burglary and loitering charges, respectively. Other individuals, charged with assault, being drunk, and other offences, were similarly remanded, indicating a busy court session focused on various minor crimes in the community. Overall, the court addressed various issues of youth behaviour, false claims, and minor criminal activities, with the Magistrate emphasising the importance of proper police procedure in law enforcement situations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630514_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630514.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-209476800
4200,18,05,1963,"Magistrate’s Court “professional Fraud” Sent To... (Press, 18 May 1963)","On 18 May 1963, the Magistrate's Court saw several significant cases, including the sentencing of Foster Lascelles Layton for fraud under the Social Security Act. Layton, 33, currently serving an 18-month term for previous offences, was sentenced to an additional three months in gaol for providing false statements about his identity and marital status to the Social Security Department, resulting in overpayment of benefits. The Magistrate, E. A. Lee, labelled Layton a ""professional fraud,"" and noted his lengthy criminal record, stating that he needed to be kept away from the public. Layton indicated plans to appeal the sentence. Another notable case involved John Victor McGuire, also 33, who was convicted of possessing housebreaking instruments and subsequently remanded for sentencing. The Magistrate dismissed a second charge against him as the evidence did not convincingly indicate malicious intent. In domestic disputes, Clive Ross Hartly, 17, was fined £10 for assaulting a neighbour who intervened in a quarrel with his mother, resulting in the neighbour suffering concussion. Joseph Carter, aged 39, was jailed for 14 days for assaulting his de facto wife, claiming her infidelity provoked his actions. Mervyn Joseph Doe, 48, pleaded guilty to assaulting his de facto wife and another man while armed with a knife, and was remanded until later in May for sentencing. Thomas Henry Pink, 32, was sentenced to three months in prison for making false statements to receive an overpayment of social security benefits. Several individuals faced charges related to theft, with varying outcomes. Marylyn May Baker, 19, was issued a bench warrant for failing to appear for sentencing regarding theft, while Mary Joyce Corie, 40, received a conviction for shoplifting, with a refusal for name suppression due to the deterrent effect of publicity. Several other cases highlighted issues such as using offensive language, unlawful taking of bicycles, and theft of lesser values, including culinary items and personal property. Some defendants, such as Kevin Barry Crannitch, were granted probation for showing past good behaviour, while others faced sentences for repeated offences. The court also dealt with cases regarding minors and liquor-related offences, with young offenders fined for possessing alcohol unlawfully. A 43-year-old woman, Dulcie Wilson Pert, was convicted of theft after taking money while visiting a friend. The report from the court also indicated remands and specific charges related to vehicle theft and threats of violence, with various individuals awaiting sentencing or further assessment. The overall impression from the court proceedings was one of a busy docket addressing a mix of violent and non-violent crimes, underscoring ongoing social issues within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630518_2_220.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630518.2.220,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-209131200
7628,21,05,1963,"Magistrate’s Court Charges Adjourned Until1 After... (Press, 21 May 1963)","In the Magistrate's Court on 20 May 1963, various charges were presented, with several cases involving theft and other criminal activities. Two soldiers, Bryce Alan Carson (21) and Dennis Eric Angove (19), faced three joint charges of theft. They had entered three cars in Oamaru on 4 May and stolen items valued at £111 1s 9d, including shotguns, ammunition, and a transistor radio. Their lawyer stated that they would receive 60 days’ detention for being absent without leave from the Army, leading to the adjournment of their case until 19 August. William John Provis (20), a mill hand, was remanded on bail until 27 May for sentencing on multiple theft and fraud charges. He pleaded guilty to stealing £17 and a cheque form on 1 February at Kenepuru Sound and obtaining goods worth £4 3s 16d. He also faced a burglary charge from 3 May. Robin Dean Turner and Ivan Watene, both 21, were convicted of unlawfully taking a car worth £100 on 11 May. They were remanded until 24 May for sentencing after pleading guilty. The car was reportedly taken from outside the owner’s home, and police reported that Watene was involved in a collision with this car later that day. Eric Allan Blackburn and John Winston O’Connor, both 17, received fines of £25 each after pleading guilty to unlawfully taking a car valued at £100 in April. The vehicle was found in their possession with other youths, who were set to appear in the Children's Court. Violet Watson, aged 48, was placed on a year’s probation for seven charges of false pretences. The Magistrate noted that her offences, which involved obtaining goods charged to others’ accounts, had a medical background, and she had never offended before. Charges against Gordon Alexander Gillespie, 61, for assaulting his wife were dismissed when she declined to give evidence. Denis John Houlihan, 19, was discharged without conviction for stealing two cases of property valued at £1, as the Magistrate found no real criminal intent. Other charges were dismissed due to lack of evidence, including those against Stanley and Malcolm Johnston for using obscene language. Multiple defendants were remanded on bail for various charges, including Robin Paul Slesser for being a rogue and vagabond, and Charles Robert Sleeman for obtaining credit by fraud and other pretences. Several other defendants charged with various crimes, including drink-driving and theft, were also remanded. The court process continued as various cases were presented, highlighting issues of theft, fraud, and other criminal activities in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630521_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630521.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-208872000
7629,23,05,1963,"Magistrates Court Man For Trial On Charge Of... (Press, 23 May 1963)","Maurice Albert Davis, a 29-year-old motor mechanic, has been committed for trial in the Supreme Court in Christchurch on a charge of stealing a Ford Zephyr car, valued at £850, in Timaru on 26 April 1962. The hearing took place in the Magistrate’s Court on 22 May 1963, where Davis pleaded not guilty and opted for a jury trial. He was represented by Mr D. H. Stringer, while Senior Sergeant G. M. Cleary acted as the prosecutor. The police opposed bail, and Davis was remanded in custody. The owner of the vehicle, John Edwin Stevenson, testified that his car was taken from Banks Street in Timaru on the night of the alleged theft and that he did not see it again until April 11, 1963, at the Christchurch Central Police Station. The car had been repainted and its number plates altered. Detective-Constable R. A. Meikle recounted investigating the vehicle at Commercial Motors, where Davis claimed the cars on site were his customers’, but later conceded that the Zephyr was his. Stevenson later identified waterproof clothing found at the garage as his property. Detective Sergeant E. T. Mitten disclosed that he had been unable to locate a person named James Robert Hardy, connected to the case. Davis purportedly claimed he had sold the car but later admitted it was in a garage he rented and was to be repaired and repainted. He ultimately indicated that, after the owner could not pay the bill, he decided to use the vehicle himself and placed his own number plates on it. In separate matters in the court, Paul Fergus Kaye, a 17-year-old workman, was committed for trial on a charge of sodomy, while 23-year-old Robert Mervyn Hills faced charges of attempted sodomy and aiding and abetting sodomy, both occurring between late April and early May 1963. Both men pleaded not guilty and were granted bail. Raymond Henry Brett, 26, faced charges for deserting the S.S. Runic in Wellington in August 1955 and pleaded guilty; he was convicted and ordered to be detained but released on bail pending deportation. His counsel stated that Brett had been living in New Zealand for nearly nine years and had settled in Christchurch with his family, and an application to permit him to remain would follow. Malcolm Robert Kinnaird, 38, was remanded on bail following a not guilty plea to driving while disqualified, while Anthony James Patrick Pigott, 35, was remanded under the Mental Health Act due to being idle and disorderly. Thomas Gardiner Campbell, 46, was also remanded on bail for fraudulently obtaining a budgerigar and money. The court also dealt with miscellaneous offences, including unlicensed radios and unregistered dogs, resulting in various fines imposed on several individuals for those violations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630523_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630523.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-208699200
4201,10,06,1963,"Crisis Over Profumo Scandal (Press, 10 June 1963)","On 10 June 1963, the political landscape in the United Kingdom was tumultuous as Prime Minister Harold Macmillan returned to London amidst the fallout from the Profumo scandal, which has been described as one of the worst scandals in British political history. Macmillan was set to face intense scrutiny, with multiple political figures openly criticising the government's handling of the situation. The Leader of the Opposition, Harold Wilson, announced plans for a debate in the House of Commons on 17 June to address what he termed the “background of rumour, innuendo and suspicion” surrounding the scandal. Wilson expressed concerns about security risks and indicated that the Labour Party would not delve into personal conduct issues. Denis Healey, Labour’s defence spokesman, sought to uncover whether Macmillan and his Cabinet had been aware of misleading statements made by then Secretary for War, John Profumo, before he admitted to lying to Parliament. The Liberal Party leader, Jo Grimond, called for accountability, suggesting that Macmillan should take responsibility for the developments stemming from the scandal. Within Conservative ranks, there were also signs of discontent. John Cordle, a member of Parliament, stated that those in high office should not have questionable moral standings, indicating a growing unease among the Conservative Party about their leadership and moral authority. This dissatisfaction was echoed by press reports that indicated a crisis of confidence within the party and criticism of Macmillan's leadership. Commentary from various media outlets further portrayed a dire situation for Macmillan, with assessments that his effective leadership may be waning. Editorials raised questions about whether he was aware of the deception within his ranks or indifferent to it. The Conservative Party was reportedly facing unprecedented stress and concern among its members, with some feeling that the scandal tarnished the entire government and inflicted significant damage to party unity. The scandal was intensified by the emergence of information regarding the involvement of American intelligence. A warning from U.S. naval intelligence prompted a security watch on Captain Eugene Ivanov, the Russian naval attaché, leading to connections being drawn between Ivanov, Profumo, and Christine Keeler, a woman at the centre of the scandal. Keeler had become a public figure as reports about her life and personal relationships gained traction, with some media referring to her as “The Girl Who is Rocking the Government.” As investigations widened, including a probe by Scotland Yard into an alleged vice ring connected to high society, the media brimming with stories and filled with public interest, hinted at a significant political transformation in Britain. The Profumo affair, alongside revelations of misconduct and deceit at high levels, set the stage for a dramatic Parliamentary confrontation and potential shifts in government leadership moving forward.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630610_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630610.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-207144000
4202,17,06,1963,"Allegations By Nazi Leader (Press, 17 June 1963)","On 13 June 1963, Colin Jordan, the leader of Britain’s National Socialist Party and recently released from prison, contacted Prime Minister Harold Macmillan with claims of an active homosexual network that poses a threat to national security. Jordan, who had been incarcerated for his involvement in a Fascist-style action group, stated that his information came from John Vassall, a self-admitted homosexual who received an 18-year prison sentence for espionage on behalf of Russia. Jordan disclosed that he had conversed with Vassall while they were both in prison. He also shared his letter to the Prime Minister with the Press Association, raising concerns about the implications of the alleged network.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630617_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630617.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-206539200
6551,29,06,1963,"New Fiction (Press, 29 June 1963)","The news story, published on 29 June 1963, presents a review of several novels, each with its unique themes and narratives. ""Dearly Beloved"" by Anne Morrow Lindbergh is described as a novel that tackles the age-old issues of love, sex, and happiness in human relationships, especially within marriage. Set in a sunny New England parlour, the story unfolds during the wedding of Sally and Mark. As the wedding service progresses, the emotions of various attendees, including the bride's mother and other family members, are stirred, leading each character to confront their personal struggles. The narrative highlights the complexity of their emotions, suggesting a sense of being ""bogged down"" by ongoing emotional dilemmas. The reviewer appreciates the book's sincere and insightful exploration of human nature. Daphne du Maurier's ""The Glass-blowers"" presents a tale beginning with Magdaleine, the bailiff’s daughter, who marries the master glass-maker Mathurin Busson and moves to la Brulonnerie. The story intertwines family history with the glass-making industry in 18th-century France, enriched by dramatic events from the French Revolution. The book unfolds as a gripping drama, depicting the misfortunes of the Busson family, while offering an engaging glimpse into the historical context and the glassblowing trade. ""Fly Away Paul"" by Hans Hofmeyer explores the tragedy of apartheid through the life of Paul Ndizile, a highly educated African who faces societal oppression. Raised in poverty but determined to succeed, Paul attends university and writes critical articles about the system. However, upon receiving an invitation to study in America, the authorities seize his passport under dubious circumstances. The book paints a stark contrast between educated Africans and their less privileged tribal backgrounds, highlighting the harsh realities faced under apartheid. Donald Jack’s ""Three Cheers for Me"" introduces Bartholomew Bandy, a humorous and oblivious character. The son of a minister raised with strict moral values, Bartholomew's journey begins with small rebellions and leads him into the trenches during wartime. His innocent demeanor creates absurd situations, especially when he transitions from infantry to the Royal Flying Corps and surprises everyone with his unexpected deeds, including a visit to Buckingham Palace. The reviewer notes that while the humour may not be consistently brilliant, certain parts provide genuine laughter. Finally, ""Paradox Lost"" by Marianne Sinclair is a psychological novel centred around Anabel, a young adolescent left alone while her parents are on holiday. Boredom leads her to a café where she meets Chris, a lesbian, and becomes infatuated with her. Anabel experiences a tumultuous emotional journey driven by her budding love for Chris, culminating in a decision that thrusts her into an unexpected situation. The book handles its themes competently but addresses darker aspects of life that may not suit every reader's taste. Overall, the review encapsulates the exploration of human relationships, societal issues, emotional struggles, and the complexities of life presented through these diverse works.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630629_2_8_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630629.2.8.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-205502400
4203,01,07,1963,"Morality Viewed (Press, 1 July 1963)","In an article published in the Salvation Army's ""War Cry"" on 29 June 1963, Dr. J. E. Caughey, a proponent of Moral Re-Armament, argued that the concept of chastity remains relevant and necessary in modern society. He expressed concern over the growing sentiments among various public figures—including those in the church and medical fields—that virtues such as modesty, decency, and clean living are considered outdated. Dr. Caughey questioned what future youth could expect if such prominent figures held these views. He referenced notable cultural controversies, particularly the discussions surrounding the court case involving ""Lady Chatterley’s Lover"" and the impact of the book ""Lolita."" He linked these issues to the broader societal challenges posed by instances such as the Vassall case, which spotlighted the implications of homosexuality within government positions, suggesting that individuals with acknowledged homosexual identities should not occupy roles of trust. Advocating for a return to absolute moral standards, Dr. Caughey insisted that the erosion of moral values represents a serious threat to national wellbeing. He stated that these moral principles transcend personal beliefs and become vital for the survival of the nation. In conclusion, he urged politicians and leaders across various sectors, including labour and commerce, to join in what he termed a “fight for national survival.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630701_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630701.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-205329600
4204,08,07,1963,"Security Service In Disgrace (Press, 8 July 1963)","On 6 July 1963, revelations emerged regarding Miss Christine Keeler's relationships with both British War Minister John Profumo and Soviet naval attache Captain Eugene Ivanov. This scandal has raised serious concerns about the capabilities and oversight of the British security services, potentially instigating the most significant shake-up in this sector's history. The situation has particularly rocked the British government as it was disclosed that Prime Minister Harold Macmillan had not been informed about these affairs until they had become politically explosive. The Head of Security, who is expected to maintain constant communication with the Prime Minister, failed to relay crucial information that could have led to Profumo's dismissal prior to his misleading statements in Parliament regarding his involvement with Keeler. This lapse in coordination has resulted in mounting scrutiny from both Parliament and the public, prompting an investigation led by eminent judge Lord Denning, who will look into the security implications of the Profumo affair. The Labour opposition has demanded the establishment of a Minister of Security, prompting Macmillan to state that he would wait for Lord Denning's report before considering any changes. The situation has critically undermined the reputation of MI5, the British security service, once regarded as highly efficient, now met with disgrace due to a series of failures, including the cases of scientist Klaus Fuchs, double agent George Blake, and defectors Donald Maclean and Guy Burgess. There is growing cynicism regarding the Security Service's effectiveness, with critics suggesting that the organisation's only secret remains the name of its chief, who is effectively known to foreign agents. The previous practice of publicly naming the Security Chief was abandoned following the retirement of Sir Percy Sillitoe in 1953, due to concerns that it made tracking foreign activities easier. Critics do acknowledge, however, that like many civil servants, MI5 members cannot defend their operations publicly, although they have had successes in countering espionage. The origins of Britain’s Secret Service trace back to 1909, when the establishment recognised the need for a dedicated intelligence operation to combat emerging threats. Currently, the British intelligence apparatus comprises multiple agencies, including MI5, which focus on domestic security and are part of Military Intelligence, and MI6, which deals with foreign espionage. These agencies operate somewhat independently, reporting to various ministers, while the armed forces maintain their own intelligence departments. Despite concerns over resource allocation—only £8 million designated for security services—there are calls for increased funding to better equip these departments for their roles. The gravity of the situation has highlighted critical weaknesses within British security frameworks that may require substantial reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630708_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630708.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-204724800
4206,10,07,1963,"Officials Gaoled (Press, 10 July 1963)","In July 1963, a significant legal crackdown on homosexual practices was conducted by the Fiji police, leading to the convictions of eight men for offences related to indecency. This special initiative resulted in their appearance in the Colony's Courts throughout June. Among those convicted, Noel John Cloke, a Government social welfare officer, received a 12-month prison sentence, while Kuruka Bogiwalu was sentenced to three months. Selauggi Fona was placed on probation for three years. Other individuals sentenced included Ernest Sydney Beynon, superintendent at the Government Printing Office, and Joseph Roch Casey, an education officer, who were both handed nine-month prison terms. Edward Shiu Narayan received a 12-month sentence, and Peter David Thomas Richardson, a District Officer in Lautoka, was given a 15-month jail term. Additionally, Bruce Alfred Humphreys, Deputy-Town Clerk of Suva, was sentenced to nine months in prison. A charge against a ninth man remains pending as it has been adjourned for a medical opinion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630710_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630710.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-204552000
4207,12,07,1963,"Obscene Publications Bill (Press, 12 July 1963)","A series of letters in response to a review has sparked a debate on sexual morality and literature standards. In a letter dated 9 July 1963, a reader criticises the term ""unnatural practices"" as outdated and reminiscent of pre-Lawrentian views that equated any non-procreative sexual acts as immoral. They reference Havelock Ellis who argues that terms like ""perversion"" are antiquated and rooted in outdated traditions. They also note that the term ""unnatural"" has been omitted in the 1961 Crimes Act, following the Wolfenden Report's recommendation to avoid using such moralistic language regarding sexual behaviour. A subsequent letter from a contributor named ""Reviewer"" defends the older moral views and accuses Mr Sadler of promoting ideas that were prevalent in the 1930s, suggesting that literature exists that openly addresses sexual issues without being pornographic. ""Reviewer"" takes issue with what they perceive as Sadler’s flippant attitude towards homosexual problems, admonishing reviewers who fail to grasp the core of their material, implying such misunderstandings could lead to career repercussions. Another response dated 10 July from a contributor identified as ""Clarion Call"" expresses pride in their traditional upbringing, which emphasised respect for women rather than a perceived moral ignorance of past generations. They dispute the notion that reading impure literature is necessary for understanding human physiology, asserting that they have enjoyed a fulfilling life filled with decent literature and family, separate from what they describe as ""foul"" books associated with sexuality. Overall, the exchange highlights diverging views on sexual morality, literature standards, and the interpretation of historical values in contemporary discussions around sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630712_2_7_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630712.2.7.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-204379200
7712,16,07,1963,"Indecent Publications Bill (Press, 16 July 1963)","On 16 July 1963, letters were published in response to ongoing discussions about the standards of literature and the prevalence of pornography in New Zealand bookshops. One writer expressed concern about the complacency of the Associated Booksellers of New Zealand and critiqued their self-congratulation regarding high standards, particularly in light of serious allegations made by the Catholic Youth Movement. The writer argued that these allegations were grounded in genuine concern over the availability of pornography and stressed the need for a teenage magazine that addresses both sexual issues and broader teenage problems. They suggested that the booksellers' refusal to acknowledge these issues could alienate public sympathy in light of their difficulties. Another correspondent tackled the criticism they received regarding their use of terminology in discussing sexual practices. They clarified their position on the Wolfenden Report, which advocated for the decriminalisation of consensual adult behaviour, while expressing disapproval of modern literature that trivialises the experiences of homosexual individuals. This writer lamented that such portrayals could have a negative influence on young readers and defended their perspective as perhaps outdated but still valid. Additionally, a letter addressed the distinction between publishing content for medical knowledge versus entertainment. This writer felt that a lack of respect for certain subjects had led to a decline in moral standards in publishing. They urged publishers to take responsibility for their content and contribute to raising the standards of literature, rather than succumbing to trends that could degrade societal values. These letters reflect a broader societal concern regarding censorship, morality in literature, and the impact of media on youth, resonating with the debates of the time surrounding sexual education and the representation of different lifestyles in literature. The ongoing dialogues suggest that significant segments of the community were advocating for more mindful approaches to publishing and literature, aiming to protect the moral compass of society amid changing cultural narratives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630716_2_9_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630716.2.9.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-204033600
7713,17,07,1963,"Indecent Publications Bill (Press, 17 July 1963)","On 17 July 1963, a series of letters to the editor were published, addressing the state of literature and its impact on society. The correspondents expressed diverse opinions on the quality and values of contemporary literature, as well as the influence of cinema on moral standards. R. M. Thomson reacted to a preceding article titled ""Higher Standards"" by arguing that literary dissimulation ignored his points. He recalled his upbringing, marked by strong criticism of prominent authors like Hall Caine and Elinor Glyn, contrasting it with Stanley Hall's struggle to liberate himself from the sentimental expectations of New England, which aided him in leading Clark University. Another writer, identified as Ham, criticized what he perceived as an ""intellectual vacuum"" in society, exemplified by the affluent community where residents merely accumulated wealth and luxury without fostering a culture of reading. He lamented the lack of meaningful literary engagement and warned against the superficial distractions generated by modern publicity, suggesting that without fundamental changes, improvements in the cultural landscape were unlikely. A third letter, attributed to Clarion Call, questioned whether Mr Sadler supported or opposed the publication of indecent books, voicing concern over the moral implications for younger generations. The writer reflected on their own experiences with marriage literature, contrasting it with contemporary cinema that propagates unhealthy sexual messages from an early age. They advocated for literature that promotes clean, healthy ideals instead. The final respondent, referred to as Reader, defended Havelock Ellis against critiques by ""Common Sense"" and ""Reviewer."" They argued that simply dismissing Ellis without critical engagement showcased a lack of genuine understanding. Reader believed that both sides were trapped in a binary moral debate, failing to appreciate the nuanced beauty of everyday life or the teachings of figures like William Blake and St. Paul, who recognised the inherent purity of existence. Overall, the letters reflect a deep concern about literature’s role in shaping societal norms, highlighting tensions between moral values, artistic integrity, and the influences of popular culture during the 1960s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630717_2_35_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630717.2.35.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-203947200
4208,19,07,1963,"Indecent Assault Charges (Press, 19 July 1963)","On 17 July 1963, John Theodore Harrison, a representative of the British Council in Fiji, appeared in the Magistrate's Court in Suva to face five charges of homosexual offences. These charges are alleged to date from January 1960 to June 1963. During the court proceedings, Harrison pleaded not guilty to all charges and opted for a trial in the Supreme Court. Following his appearance, he was granted release on bail.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630719_2_47_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630719.2.47.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-203774400
7630,31,07,1963,"Session Opens (Press, 31 July 1963)","Mr Justice Macarthur opened the new session of the Supreme Court on 31 July 1963 and informed counsel that the hearing of criminal cases was expected to take about three weeks. He outlined the court's schedule, mentioning that juries for civil cases would convene for two weeks starting 19 August. Following this, from 2 September to 25 October, judges would manage miscellaneous civil matters without requiring circuit sittings outside Christchurch. During the session, Crown Prosecutor Mr C. M. Roper presented 12 indictments against individuals on various charges, including false pretences, negligent driving causing injury and death, burglary, receiving stolen goods, theft, conversion, being a rogue and a vagabond, sodomy, and incest. Among the cases, Paul Fergus Kaye, a 17-year-old, pleaded guilty to charges related to indecent acts. He admitted to permitting a male to commit an indecent act upon him on 3 May and to committing sodomy on 6 May. Mr Justice Macarthur remanded Kaye in custody, setting the next court date for 2 August to determine his sentence. Kaye did not have legal representation during the proceedings, while Mr Roper acted for the Crown.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630731_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630731.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-202737600
7631,03,08,1963,"Theft Charge Adjourned (Press, 3 August 1963)","Maurice Albert Davis, a 29-year-old motor mechanic, appeared in the Supreme Court before Mr Justice Macarthur on 2 August 1963, facing a charge of stealing a car valued at £650 in Timaru on 26 April 1963. Crown Prosecutor Mr C. M. Roper requested that the case be adjourned until the next court session, starting on 29 October 1963. Mr D. H. Stringer, representing Davis, agreed to the adjournment, and the judge consented, postponing the case. Additionally, Paul Fergus Kaye, a 17-year-old, was sentenced to Borstal training on the same day after pleading guilty to charges of sodomy and permitting an indecent act.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630803_2_190.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630803.2.190,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-202478400
7632,06,08,1963,"Found Guilty Of Sodomy (Press, 6 August 1963)","On 6 August 1963, a jury in the Supreme Court found 23-year-old Robert Mervyn Hills guilty of sodomy. The presiding judge, Mr Justice Wilson, ordered Hills to remain in custody until 12 August for sentencing. Prior to the commencement of the evidence, the judge cleared the courtroom. Hills was represented by Mr A F Wilding, while Mr C M Roper acted as the prosecutor for the Crown.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630806_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630806.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-202219200
4210,07,08,1963,"Indecency Charges (Press, 7 August 1963)","On 6 August 1963, John Theodore Harrison, a representative of the British Council in Fiji, was committed to the Supreme Court to face trial on 13 charges related to homosexual practices. The preliminary hearing took place in the Magistrate’s Court in Suva, where all evidence was presented in a private session, or in camera. Further developments concerning the case are anticipated as it moves to the Supreme Court for trial.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630807_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630807.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-202132800
4209,07,08,1963,"Patients Give Evidence At Cherry Farm Inquiry (Press, 7 August 1963)","An inquiry commenced at Cherry Farm Hospital in Dunedin on 6 August 1963, focusing on serious allegations of favouritism, maltreatment, victimisation, and homosexuality involving a member of the hospital's staff. The inquiry is being led by Mr. W. H. Reid, a local solicitor and district inspector under the Mental Health Act. Counsel has been appointed to represent various parties, including staff, former staff, and patients. On the first day, five patients and three doctors provided testimonies. Mr. Reid has mandated that the identities of the witnesses be kept confidential and has the authority to limit the publication of evidence he deems sensitive. A subpoena issued to the editor of “Truth” resulted in the inquiry receiving information regarding 15 individuals who had communicated with the newspaper, with Mr. R. J. Gilbert representing 13 of these. Prior to the evidence being presented, Mr. J. Joel, the lawyer for one of the accused staff, expressed concerns about the nature of the inquiry. He argued that the process appeared more like a trial, lacking specific allegations, which he believed contradicted principles of British justice. He suggested that the accusations may have originated from anonymous correspondence to the press. Mr. Joel characterised his client, a Swiss national, as a respected figure who may have been targeted due to his success and minority status. The inquiry saw contentious exchanges between counsel, particularly around the questioning style. Witnesses began to recount their experiences, with one patient alleging indecency and cruelty relating to an incident while in a musical group. Another patient, aged 18 and previously a practising homosexual, alleged he was indecently assaulted twice by the nurse in question. This witness noted his tendency to fabricate statements but asserted that he would be truthful while under oath. Further testimonies identified complaints about the nurse’s conduct, with one witness claiming he spoke to a doctor regarding the nurse’s actions, who downplayed the situation by suggesting the nurse suffered from some form of illness. This witness was also questioned about his criminal history, which included convictions for assault, and acknowledged a past membership in a Nazi youth organisation. A medical officer testified that he was friendly with the nurse, and while he acknowledged the latter’s gifts to patients, he insisted that the nurse had a positive reputation among many of them. Another witness, a 15-year-old patient, denied any incidents of indecency involving the nurse while acknowledging he had been struck in the past. As the hearing continues, it remains to be seen how the various allegations and testimonies will impact the inquiry's progress and outcomes. The case highlights significant concerns regarding treatment and conduct within mental health care settings during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630807_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630807.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-202132800
4211,08,08,1963,"Cherry Farm Witnesses Discussed Evidence (Press, 8 August 1963)","An inquiry into allegations against staff at Cherry Farm Hospital in Dunedin is ongoing, raising concerns of potential conspiracy among witnesses. On 7 August 1963, during the second day of hearings, several witnesses admitted to discussing evidence with individuals who had not yet testified, leading to speculation about collusion. The inquiry, led by Mr W. H. Reid, a solicitor, pertains to allegations against a staff member referred to as “X” and other related issues. Counsel representing various parties, including staff, former staff, and patients, have been involved in the proceedings. Mr Reid has imposed a publication ban on the identities of the witnesses and other sensitive particulars, using letters to represent them. Medical professionals have provided statements on the reliability of patient evidence, which have also been suppressed from publication. As the hearing resumed, staff member “A” testified about a petition he had signed that protested against ""selective pin-pricking"" of staff member “B,” arguing that such practices would deteriorate already strained staff relations. Another staff member “B,” a nurse, expressed feelings of disloyalty following prior inquiries and mentioned morale issues among the staff. He admitted to discussing a portion of evidence from the previous day with others at his home but denied any intent to conspire. Patients also provided testimonies, with one, “A,” describing instances of favouritism by “X” towards certain patients, particularly those with homosexual inclinations. He acknowledged that a student nurse had encouraged him to come forward with his evidence. Another patient, “B,” alleged that “X” had given gifts to certain patients and had taken one to his home. However, this patient conceded that he had not directly witnessed any gifts being exchanged. The inquiry also addressed allegations from patient “C” regarding inappropriate behaviour by “X,” revealing inconsistencies in his testimony. A further complainant, patient “D,” claimed he was threatened with shock treatment by “X” following disrespectful remarks made towards him—a claim that was corroborated by an assistant medical officer who visited after the inquiry commenced, underlining the tense atmosphere within the hospital. Throughout the inquiry, the focus has been on the dynamics between staff and patients within Cherry Farm Hospital, as well as the potential for improper conduct among staff members. The hearings illustrate the challenges facing the institution, both regarding the treatment protocols and the interpersonal relationships within the facility. As the inquiry continues, the implications of the testimonies may have far-reaching impacts on the hospital's operations and staff relations. The proceedings have been set to resume the following day, with the anticipation of further revelations regarding the allegations made against staff member “X.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630808_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630808.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-202046400
4212,09,08,1963,"Inspector In Inquiry Termed Biased (Press, 9 August 1963)","The Cherry Farm Hospital inquiry, which began on August 6, 1963, continues to unfold with allegations surrounding the conduct of staff member identified as “X”. On the third day of the inquiry, concerns were raised regarding the impartiality of the inspector, Mr W. H. Reid, with one witness suggesting past bias during a previous inquiry; however, this witness believed the fresh evidence presented at the current inquiry had influenced Mr Reid's perspective. On this day, four new witnesses provided testimonies—including a patient, two staff nurses, and a former staffer, while two others were recalled. A total of 19 witnesses have given evidence thus far. One patient, referred to as “E,” voiced concerns about unfair treatment, claiming that ""X"" showed favouritism towards select patients. Nurse “C” recounted experiencing ""hate sessions and petty jealousies"" among staff and detailed his suspicions about ""X's"" preferential treatment toward certain patients, particularly highlighting a dynamic where ""X"" was viewed by a young inmate as a father figure. Nurse “C” recounted a time when ""X"" was suspected of favouring young patients with personality defects, some of whom had histories of homosexual tendencies. He disclosed incidents of ""X"" being found in close proximity to a young patient and described interactions that caused alarm among the staff, which he had discussed with superiors. The inquiry has taken steps to protect the identities of witnesses, and all references have been coded. A significant allegation presented during the inquiry included a directive purportedly given by a staff doctor that involved waking a troubled patient hourly during the night, which was denied by the doctor involved. Evidence from former staff nurse “D” from a prior inquiry in November 1962 was introduced that implicated ""X"" in inappropriate physical conduct with a male patient. The complexity of the situation is underscored by the witness testimonies reflecting an atmosphere of mistrust and allegations of past bias against the inquiry inspector, Mr Reid. The hearing is set to continue into the upcoming week as more evidence is presented, with various counsel representing different parties involved, including staff, patients, and the Mental Hospitals Division.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630809_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630809.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-201960000
4213,10,08,1963,"Crown Waives Privilege At Cherry Farm Inquiry (Press, 10 August 1963)","On 9 August 1963, the Cherry Farm Hospital inquiry in Dunedin entered its fourth day, marked by significant clashes between counsel regarding the availability of witness files. Counsel R. J. Gilbert, representing various staff and patients, expressed frustration over the government's ""obstructive"" attitude in withholding personal files. Gilbert asserted that without access to these files, he was unwilling to continue with the inquiry. G. S. Orr, assisting the inquiry, noted that the matter of Crown privilege would require discussion with Prime Minister Keith Holyoake. Later, J. B. Deaker, representing the Mental Hospitals Division, indicated instructions had come from Wellington to allow access to personal files for counsel, albeit with certain reservations regarding isolated documents deemed privileged. Witnesses were required to formally produce these files under oath, and any publication of the contents was prohibited. The inquiry was primarily investigating allegations of misconduct against a nurse referred to as ""X."" So far, 31 witnesses had testified, with additional counsels supporting various parties involved. Allegations of impropriety surfaced during the proceedings, specifically made by Nurse ""F,"" who recounted incidents involving Nurse ""X"" and patients. Nurse ""F"" described witnessing ""X"" engaging in inappropriate behaviour with a young male patient and shared complaints regarding personal treatment, which he claimed were dismissed by superiors. This included a statement from ""X"" threatening retaliation regarding performance assessments. Along with Nurse ""F,"" other patients also provided testimonies. Patient ""F"" claimed to have observed ""X"" behaving inappropriately with another patient, while Patient ""H"" described physical assaults by a nurse. Nurse ""H"" responded to these accusations, stating that the confrontations were exaggerated. Additionally, Patient ""J"" brought forward complaints about working conditions and treatment from nursing staff, noting a lack of adequate breaks and a burdensome workload. Nurse ""J"" contested these claims. Other patient testimonies elaborated further on the alleged neglect and misconduct within the hospital. For example, Patient ""K"" spoke about delays in treatment for an ear condition, while Patient ""L"" detailed incidents he witnessed involving ""X"" and patients in a store, which raised suspicions of inappropriate behaviour. Patient ""M"" indicated that some patients were communicating in a way that exerted pressure on others regarding their testimonies. As the inquiry progressed, it became clear that issues of trust, accountability, and the treatment of both patients and staff in the hospital environment were central to the proceedings. The inquiry’s ability to function effectively was challenged by the contentious issue of document availability and the claims made by both staff and patients regarding misconduct and inadequate care.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630810_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630810.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-201873600
7633,13,08,1963,"Three-year Sentence (Press, 13 August 1963)","Robert Mervyn Hills, a 23-year-old man, was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment for committing an indecent act upon a male and another year for attempted sodomy. These sentences are to be served concurrently. Hills was found guilty by a jury on 5 August 1963. During sentencing, Mr Justice Wilson indicated that the prison authorities should explore the possibility of further medical treatment for Hills, following a recommendation from the jury. Mr A. F. Wilding represented Hills in court, while Mr I. C. J. Polson appeared for the Crown. In a separate case, Daniel Scannell, 31 years old, was sentenced to one year's probation and ordered to pay £50 towards prosecution costs for committing bigamy. Scannell was also found guilty on 5 August 1963. Mr Justice Wilson noted several mitigating circumstances that influenced his decision not to impose a prison sentence on Scannell. The judge pointed out that he could not find a significant distinction between Scannell's culpability and that of the woman involved in the bigamous marriage. Mr G. R. Lascelles acted on behalf of Scannell in the proceedings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630813_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630813.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-201614400
4214,15,08,1963,"Complaints Of Sons’ Treatment (Press, 15 August 1963)","On 14 August 1963, an inquiry was underway at Cherry Farm Hospital in Dunedin, led by Mr W. H. Reid, the district inspector under the Mental Health Act. The inquiry was sparked by allegations involving a hospital staff member referred to as ""X"", along with other related complaints. This marked the seventh day of the investigation, which included various legal counsel representing staff, former patients, and other interested parties. During the proceedings, two fathers expressed their concerns regarding the treatment of their sons while they were patients at the hospital. One witness, identified as patient ""S"", detailed his experience of alleged neglect regarding an injury to his foot. He recounted having left the hospital the previous September and having to walk nearly 100 miles over three weeks to avoid being seen. Nurse ""Q"", who was responsible for patient ""S"", suggested that he might have been ""malingering"" rather than genuinely injured. A staff doctor eventually confirmed that although initial examinations suggested only a sprain, a subsequent X-ray revealed a fracture thirteen days later. Another father complained about a lack of cooperation from the hospital staff concerning his son, patient ""R"". He recounted a statement made by nurse ""K"", which implied that the hospital was an inappropriate place for his son, who had previous interactions with the justice system. Nurse ""K"" denied making any such comments. The medical superintendent, Dr. C. S. Moore, acknowledged that patient ""R"" had spent considerable time in seclusion because of his behaviour, explaining the balance of care required between patients and public safety. Testimonies continued with nurse ""R"", a student who observed ""X"" on a patient's bed when he should not have been on duty in that ward. He claimed that after reporting this incident, he was asked to resign due to concerns about his performance and not specifically related to the observation of ""X"". Patient ""T"", who had been discharged, testified that he had received electric shock treatment after raising concerns about the hospital's operations. He initially reported some favouritism and alleged homosexual tendencies associated with ""X"", although he later described ""X"" as supportive and asserted that he believed ""X"" was innocent of any wrongdoing. When questioned about whether he had been coerced into making a complaint against ""X"", patient ""T"" admitted feeling pressured but contextualised his annoyance within a personal dispute regarding his relationships. Overall, the inquiry highlighted serious concerns regarding the treatment of patients, the communication between staff and families, as well as accusations against staff members that prompted significant scrutiny of hospital practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630815_2_169.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630815.2.169,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-201441600
4215,17,08,1963,"Nurse Denies Indecency Charges (Press, 17 August 1963)","On 16 August 1963, a significant inquiry was held regarding allegations against a Charge Nurse, referred to as “X”, at Cherry Farm Hospital in Dunedin. The inquiry, led by Mr W H Reid, the strict inspector under the Mental Health Act, focused on claims of indecency and improper conduct towards patients. Various counsel represented different parties during the proceedings, while Mr Reid mandated that the identities of witnesses remain confidential, employing letters for their identification. During the inquiry, Charge Nurse “X” emphatically denied all allegations of indecency and favouritism. Mr M Joel, representing “X”, asserted that the charges were completely unfounded and described them as a “farrago of distortion” motivated by envy and malice. It was acknowledged that “X” had made some errors in medication over the years, but Joel dismissed the allegations as an unjust attempt to harm his reputation and well-being. “X” testified that he had started his nursing career in 1947 and had become a charge nurse by 1957. When questioned about the allegations, “X” categorically denied having any intentions or actions that could be deemed indecent. He called the claims made by the patients and staff as “fabrications” and expressed his confusion regarding their motivations. In his defence, “X” mentioned that he had occasionally provided gifts to patients, which he deemed necessary items and clothing that the hospital did not supply, purchased with his own funds. He also defended the practice of patients visiting him at Seacliff Hospital, asserting that such visits had received approval. In response to questions about his emotional involvement with patients, “X” denied any inappropriate behaviour, including claims of kissing or fondling. He acknowledged that, with medical permission, he had brought three patients to his home for tasks, countering any suggestions of inappropriate conduct. Support for “X” was also presented through testimonies, with a staff doctor stating that he was among the most reliable nurses at the hospital, always treating patients fairly and maintaining excellent moral conduct. The inquiry is set to continue, with further sessions scheduled for the following week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630817_2_182.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630817.2.182,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-201268800
4216,20,08,1963,"Inquiry Told Of Character Of “x” (Press, 20 August 1963)","On 19 August 1963, an inquiry into allegations of impropriety against a staff member identified only as ""X"" at the Cherry Farm mental hospital in Dunedin was held. The inquiry, led by Mr W. H. Reid, an independent inspector for the Health Department, aimed to investigate the conduct of staff at the facility. The Rev. W. Green, a Methodist chaplain, provided testimony in support of ""X,"" asserting that he held a good character and approached his work with a Christian ethos. He noted that the challenging environment in which ""X"" operated may have amplified the situation but did not suggest any malicious intent behind the alleged incidents. The inquiry included various legal representatives: Mr G. S. Orr assisted the inquiry, while Mr M. Joel represented ""X"" and Mr R. J. Gilbert represented multiple complainants, including patients, relatives, and current and former staff. Mr J. B. Deaker acted on behalf of the Mental Hospitals Department and associated entities. Testimonies from witnesses highlighted a contrasting view of ""X."" A former tutor described him as an exemplary nurse, and Nurses ""U"" and ""V"" praised ""X's"" integrity and competence in managing his ward. When questioned about the number of gifts ""X"" presented to patients, Nurse ""U"" acknowledged they seemed excessive but could be reasonable over time. Nurse ""U"" also clarified that it was uncommon for charge nurses to visit patients who had been moved to different wards. Nurse ""V"" pointed out that ""C,"" another nurse, was part of a dissatisfied faction that seemed to target ""X."" Nurse ""V"" also mentioned that some of the dislike towards ""X"" may have stemmed from him being a foreigner. Overall, multiple staff members conveyed their respect for ""X,"" insisting that he treated his patients fairly and efficiently. Dr. C. S. Moore, the medical superintendent at Cherry Farm, stated that he had known ""X"" since 1947 and had never suspected him of having homosexual inclinations. He noted that ""X"" was sometimes viewed as taciturn, which contributed to some criticism regarding his personality being perceived as cold. The inquiry continues to unfold, and it remains to be seen what its conclusions will be regarding the allegations against ""X"" and the overall practices within the Cherry Farm mental hospital.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630820_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630820.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-201009600
4217,21,08,1963,"Inquiry Said To Be Upsetting Hospital (Press, 21 August 1963)","On 21 August 1963, an inquiry into the operations at Cherry Farm Hospital in Dunedin revealed tensions between the Medical Superintendent, Dr. C. S. Moore, and hospital staff, as well as concerning patient behaviour. Dr. Moore testified that the ongoing inquiry had significantly disrupted hospital operations over the preceding six weeks. He criticised some patients who had provided testimony, suggesting they were exaggerating their importance and challenging authority. During cross-examination, Dr. Moore recounted personal interactions with patients, stating that he had sat on beds and experienced displays of affection from them, asserting that similar behaviours could be noted among staff members as well. He acknowledged concerns regarding the prolonged seclusion of a patient, attributing the decision to multiple pressing factors. The testimony also explored the dynamics of nurse-patient relationships, particularly in relation to a staff member referred to as ""X,"" who allegedly provided gifts to patients, leading Dr. Moore to comment on a troubling level of attachment. Further questioning brought up the difficult relationships between certain nurses and staff doctors, as well as complaints about staff evaluations. Dr. Moore defended himself against accusations of bias, but faced scrutiny about his apparent lack of criticism towards ""X"" and his commitment to supporting the nurse in question. Additionally, Dr. Moore was asked about potential homosexual tendencies regarding ""X,"" to which he expressed confidence in the absence of such behaviour. Tensions escalated as staff members interrogated Dr. Moore's impartiality, with one questioning why he seemed disinclined to accept any negative evidence against ""X."" The inquiry was structured to assess various complaints, including allegations of victimisation and critical attitudes among nursing staff. Dr. Moore's responses showcased a defensive stance, emphasising that he had not encountered firm evidence of wrongdoing. In a broader context, the report included a brief mention of familial structures in West Germany, noting that 20% of marriages there remained childless, while 25% had one child, another 25% had two children, and approximately one-third had three children or more. This point appeared to provide demographic insights alongside the main focus of the inquiry into Cherry Farm Hospital's operations and employee relations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630821_2_159.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630821.2.159,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-200923200
4218,06,09,1963,"Navy Puts Nelsonian Eye To Bachelor Ban (Press, 6 September 1963)","On 6 September 1963, British newspapers reacted with a mix of wry commentary and satire to a decision by the government that only married men would be appointed as service attaches in embassies located in Communist countries. The War Office and the Royal Air Force endorsed this policy, which stemmed from concerns about the vulnerability of bachelors to foreign blackmail, particularly in light of findings in the Radcliffe report. This report highlighted the risks associated with unmarried personnel, referencing the case of a former spy, Vassal, who succumbed to blackmail due to his homosexual acts. Conversely, the Royal Navy rejected the government's new policy, insisting that while they might prefer married officers, they would not dismiss highly qualified bachelors. Newspapers like the ""Daily Herald"" openly ridiculed the government's stance, suggesting it stemmed from outdated views on sexuality and a simplistic understanding of the potential for vulnerability among bachelors. One correspondent critiqued the ruling as “half-baked,” arguing that it predicted bachelors were more susceptible to blackmail simply due to their single status, which he found to be a misguided conclusion. He pointed out that it is often the married individuals, with families to consider, who could be more easily compromised. The ""Daily Mail"" echoed these sentiments, stating that while unmarried men may be more socially active and exposed to certain pressures, it does not imply they lack moral strength. They asserted that the character of an individual should matter more than their marital status and expressed doubt about the ruling's effectiveness in enhancing national security or its positive impact on the lives of bachelors. Overall, the new ruling prompted significant debate about its implications, efficacy, and the underlying assumptions about single men in diplomatic roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630906_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630906.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-199540800
4219,07,09,1963,"British Traitors Since 1945 (Press, 7 September 1963)","The British Secret Service's reputation for espionage and security was significantly challenged following World War II, with numerous high-profile spying cases that have embarrassed the nation and eroded trust among its allies. The decline in Britain's security image began with the case of Dr. Allan Nunn-May, who, during a trial in 1946, admitted to providing the Soviets with critical atomic energy information and materials while working on British projects from 1942 to 1945. Nunn-May was sentenced to ten years in prison. The situation worsened with the defection of physicist Bruno Pontecorvo in 1950, who was affiliated with the Harwell Nuclear Research Institute and subsequently aided the Soviet Union in developing its atomic bomb, leading to his recognition with the Lenin Prize. In the same year, Dr. Klaus Fuchs was arrested for passing atomic secrets to the Soviets, including details about the hydrogen bomb. Fuchs, a communist earlier in life, was sentenced to fourteen years and now resides in East Germany. The Burgess and Maclean affair further troubled British intelligence. Donald Maclean, a senior Foreign Office figure, and Guy Burgess, a second secretary, defected to the Soviet Union in 1951. Their escape, orchestrated by intelligence services, raised alarms about the depth of Soviet infiltration in British government affairs. Both had access to sensitive information regarding Western strategies. Philby, a diplomat involved in their escape, has remained an enigmatic figure, having recently returned to Russia. After a decade without major incidents, George Blake, a former British Vice-Consul who had been captured in Korea, was revealed to have spied for the Soviets for over nine years before being sentenced to 42 years in prison in 1961. His leaks were described by the Lord Chief Justice as having severely undermined British efforts in espionage. In the years following, several other spies, including William John Christopher Vassall and Barbara Fell, were caught passing information to the Soviets. Vassall, lured into espionage through blackmail regarding his sexual orientation, was sentenced to 18 years in 1962 after confessing to providing documents to Russian agents. Fell, being a mistress to a Yugoslav diplomat, received a lighter sentence of two years for passing information from her position at the Central Office of Information. In July 1963, Brian Patchett, a corporal in the British Intelligence Corps, defected to East Germany, further highlighting the ongoing issues with espionage in Britain. The recent death of Guy Burgess in Moscow has drawn attention to a series of Cold War spy cases that reflect the fragility of Britain's security apparatus during this period, with significant consequences still being felt in diplomatic relations. The burial of Burgess was marked by a modest ceremony, attended by key figures from both Western nations and the Soviet side, symbolising the complex web of espionage that has spanned decades.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19630907_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19630907.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-199454400
4220,07,10,1963,"Obituary Mr James Courage (Press, 7 October 1963)","James Francis Courage, a notable New Zealand author born in Amberley, passed away in London at the age of 60 on Saturday, 5 October 1963. He was the elder son of Mr H. F. Courage of Seadown and Mrs Z. F. Courage. Courage attended Christ’s College from 1916 to 1921 and had a prolific literary career, writing at least one play and several novels. He also managed a bookshop in London, contributing to the literary community. Courage’s literary journey began with his first publication, “One House,” in 1933. However, his work “The Young Have Secrets,” released in 1954, drew particular attention as it was set in Christchurch, showcasing his New Zealand roots. In addition to his writing, he had a passion for piano playing. Throughout his career, Courage became one of New Zealand’s distinguished authors. However, his work faced controversy; in 1962, the Customs Department, upon the recommendation of an inter-departmental committee, banned his novel “The Way of Love” due to its homosexual theme. This novel had been available to the public since February 1959, but the ban highlighted the societal tensions surrounding topics of sexuality at the time. James Francis Courage's contributions to literature and the challenges he faced reflect both his talent and the complexities of cultural acceptance in New Zealand during his lifetime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19631007_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19631007.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-196862400
7003,14,11,1963,"Crane Towers Over Variety Of Displays (Press, 14 November 1963)","The Canterbury Agricultural and Pastoral Association's showgrounds featured a spectacular array of attractions in 1963, highlighted by a towering crane that stood at 145 feet, supporting an eight-and-a-half-ton concrete bridge beam. This impressive machinery was part of a large display occupying 250,000 square feet, aimed to match the excitement generated by the traditional ferris wheel. Among the machinery, the spotlight was on the diminutive “cub” tractor, measuring only 3 feet in height with a power of 7½ horsepower, significantly less than the usual farm tractors which average around 35 horsepower. These small tractors, recently imported from the United States, were put to practical use by the Dunedin City Council for tasks such as towing mowers, and during the show, they entertained children by towing carts. Another fascinating feature of the show was the percussion-rotation rock drills, capable of drilling 4-inch holes in solid rock up to 250 feet deep. With a price tag of £7500 each, these machines were primarily deployed in quarries and were currently in operation on the Manapouri tail-race project, utilising tungsten carbide bits for efficiency. The side-show alley expanded significantly this year, attracting crowds with a variety of activities, including “dodge ’em” cars and entertaining attractions such as a recently transitioned performer promoting their unique story. Early visitors from Templeton Farm enjoyed a quieter experience as they explored the exhibits, including a bustling Canterbury Court where judges sampled an array of home-baked goods like fruit cakes, preserves, and cheeses. In addition to culinary delights, the show featured displays beneficial to prospective farmers. The Department of Agriculture provided a geographical map of central Canterbury, delineating land quality and offering soil samples. There was also a display from the Canterbury Horticultural Society, showcasing a diverse selection of plants for alpine gardeners and an exhibition on herbs including thyme, sage, and majoram. Promotion of New Zealand lamb in international markets was illustrated through vibrant posters in the New Zealand Refrigerating Company's building, featuring appetising images of lamb dishes, including a whimsical one of Japanese wrestlers being served New Zealand lamb. Notably, attendees ventured to the Canterbury Frozen Meat Company's tent to admire a striking 3-foot high block of ice enveloping a frozen bouquet of rhododendrons, lilacs, and azaleas. Lastly, Lincoln College set up an educational tent titled ""Bossmanship,"" offering guidance on effective employee management for farmers. A lively poultry tent added to the atmosphere, with roosters of various colours vocalising throughout the day, providing a quintessential element to the vibrant show.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19631114_2_210.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19631114.2.210,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-193579200
4221,21,11,1963,"Allegations Of Irregularities At Cherry Farm... (Press, 21 November 1963)","A report released on 21 November 1963 by Mr W. H. Reid, the district inspector of mental hospitals for Otago, concluded that allegations of misconduct at Cherry Farm Hospital were baseless. The inquiry, prompted by anonymous claims published in a weekly paper, investigated accusations of victimisation, homosexuality, and improper conduct by staff members. Health Minister Mr McKay highlighted that the allegations were completely unfounded. Mr Reid's findings addressed several specific allegations. He determined that claims of homosexual conduct by a charge nurse, referred to as X, had ""no substance."" He also evaluated seven other allegations which could imply impropriety but found none had merit. An investigation into claims of favouritism by X revealed that while he did give gifts to certain patients, such actions could create jealousy among those who did not receive gifts, leading to unnecessary complications within the hospital environment. In evaluating complaints against other members of the staff, Mr Reid again found no evidence to support any further allegations. He also investigated a patient's complaint regarding treatment and found that the patient's condition was largely due to his own lack of cooperation with hospital protocols. Addressing the issue of victimisation, Mr Reid indicated that complaints from staff regarding unfair treatment were more reflective of their resistance to criticism rather than genuine victimisation. He examined eight complaints of victimisation and concluded that these were not substantiated. Furthermore, during the inquiry, 11 specific complaints concerning general hospital administration were examined, out of which only two came from relatives, signalling a general satisfaction with the treatment being provided at Cherry Farm. Most patients were reported to receive appropriate and effective treatment. Mr Reid noted that the hospital had been under significant strain, suggesting that the inquiry had disrupted its administration and might have negatively impacted patient care. He acknowledged that only minor complaints were substantiated and attributed the high standard of patient care to the overall efficiency of the hospital. He also commented on the importance of following proper communication channels within the hospital and stressed that breaches of confidentiality by staff members who spoke to the media about hospital matters were inappropriate. In conclusion, Mr Reid affirmed the dedication of staff members like charge nurse X, appreciating their emotional engagement with patients while asserting that there was nothing ""sinister"" in their actions. The report suggested that claims of severe misconduct were unfounded and reflected a need for better internal communication to address grievances appropriately.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19631121_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19631121.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-192974400
4222,21,01,1964,"Vicar “not Afraid” Of Lung Cancer (Press, 21 January 1964)","A report published in 1964 by American doctors, linking lung cancer to smoking, does not seem to trouble the Reverend J. G. Nicholls, vicar of Camberwell, London. In an interview conducted in Christchurch, Nicholls expressed a fearless attitude towards death as a Christian. He was the first participant in London's inaugural anti-smoking clinic, where he lasted only three weeks before succumbing to temptation on his birthday when he received a gift of 1000 cigarettes. He remarked that, as a Cornishman, he could not waste them, and clarified that he does not smoke more than 20 cigarettes daily. Nicholls also noted that non-smokers can develop lung cancer, sharing a poignant tale about officiating at the funeral of a three-month-old baby who succumbed to the disease. On his current visit to Christchurch, Nicholls is there to express gratitude on behalf of Camberwell's citizens for the support they received from the Christchurch community during World War II. Camberwell, a significant metropolitan borough in England with a population nearing half a million, suffered extensive destruction due to bombing raids. As part of this visit, Nicholls plans to present a film about Camberwell and deliver recorded messages from local leaders, along with a London Rotary flag. In addition to his clerical work, Nicholls has pioneered an organisation known as the Camberwell Samaritans, established about two years ago. This group consists of various professionals, including psychiatrists, sociologists, doctors, and clergy, who address pressing social issues such as suicide, sexual deviation, and alcoholism. The organisation emerged in response to the rehousing of individuals displaced by bombing and the influx of people moving to London. Nicholls highlighted three main social issues that have surfaced through the Samaritans' efforts. The first is alcoholism, with the organisation providing support to individuals at advanced stages of addiction. They assign 'big brothers' or 'big sisters' to help encourage recovering alcoholics to seek treatment and provide ongoing support. The second issue addressed by Nicholls is sexual deviation. In a densely populated area, the prevalence of homosexuality has presented unique challenges. Nicholls explains that many individuals experience feelings of isolation and a desire to conform to heterosexual norms, and the Samaritans provide a supportive environment for these individuals, ensuring they are accepted by their families. However, he specified that this support does not extend to sexual offenders. Lastly, the Samaritans also tackle social issues linked to overcrowding, aging, and family difficulties. They have established a youth committee aimed at assisting children and opened a new £30,000 youth centre designed for children aged four to eighteen, whom they term ‘latch-key children’. This initiative offers a safe space for children while their parents are at work, helping to keep them out of trouble and engaged in positive activities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640121_2_138.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640121.2.138,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-187704000
4223,13,02,1964,"Steward's Death Police Evidence Of Inquiries In... (Press, 13 February 1964)","On 12 February 1964, a Magistrate’s Court in Wellington heard evidence concerning a murder charge against 20-year-old John Vincent, a deckhand on the New Zealand Star. The charge pertains to the alleged murder of the ship's chief steward, David Alan Rowe, which is said to have occurred on New Year’s Day between Panama and Christmas Island. The case is presided over by Mr R. D. Jamieson, S.M. William Wallace Thomas Caldwell, an acting-superintendent of the Fiji Police, provided testimony regarding his investigation. Following a report from the New Zealand Star's captain on 14 January, Caldwell boarded the ship on 23 January in Suva, accompanied by a police inspector. At the time, the ship had 12 passengers and a crew of 68. All individuals on board were interviewed during the inquiry. Caldwell reported that in Rowe's cabin, he found what appeared to be blood splatters on the deck and wall. During the search of Vincent’s shared cabin, he discovered three radios and a tape recorder, with some wires extending from one radio. After questioning Vincent at the police station, Caldwell recounted a “violent denial” from Vincent regarding accusations of homosexuality. Vincent vehemently rejected the idea, expressing animosity towards homosexuals. Caldwell challenged Vincent, suggesting that his hatred for Rowe stemmed from purported homosexual advances made by Rowe. Vincent responded that while Rowe may have attempted such advances, he had rebuffed them, leading to Rowe leaving him alone. On the night of the murder, Vincent claimed he departed a crew party at approximately 10.45 p.m. to search for aerial material for a radio. He contended he intended to avoid trouble for taking wire, although he did not find what he was looking for that night. He further stated he had not entered Rowe's cabin on that day or afterward, except for sitting outside. In a significant turn during the investigation, Caldwell noted that on 28 January, he interviewed a seaman named Melvyne Morgan, who suggested that Vincent had confessed to him about having killed Rowe. However, when confronted about this assertion, Vincent denied an acknowledgment of guilt, claiming he had merely been boasting. The proceedings were adjourned until 18 February, as the investigation into the circumstances surrounding Rowe's death continued.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640213_2_149.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640213.2.149,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-185716800
4224,19,02,1964,"Crew Tense After Steward’s Death (Press, 19 February 1964)","On February 18, 1964, the Wellington Magistrate’s Court began hearing a murder charge against a 20-year-old deckhand, John Vincent, in relation to the death of the chief steward of the New Zealand Star, David Alan Rowe. The ship's master, Ifor Bodvel Owen, testified that following Rowe's death, the crew had requested to keep watch on ""monkey island"" in pairs rather than in the forecastle head. Owen also recounted events leading up to Rowe's death, including social gatherings on the ship and the fact that the crew did not receive an extra beer ration on Christmas, which was customary. Owen described how, on January 1, after being alerted by the captain’s steward, he found Rowe in his cabin badly injured, with blood covering his head, bedding, and showing signs of severe trauma. Despite efforts to check on the crew and find anyone with bloodstains, Rowe succumbed to his injuries at 9:25 a.m. that same day and was buried at sea shortly thereafter. An investigation commenced, led by Owen and the first officer. Vincent, who was among the last crew members to be interviewed, initially claimed to have been at a party in the messroom when ice-cream was thrown through a skylight. However, he later admitted to spending the night of December 26 in Rowe’s cabin, though he was embarrassed to reveal this earlier. Witnesses provided further insights into Rowe’s character and Vincent's actions. A carpenter noted the absence of a stanchion from a rack after Rowe's death. Rowe was identified as homosexual by second steward William Mathews, who had witnessed Vincent leaving Rowe's cabin the following morning. Additionally, a union representative, Roland Granville, testified about a conversation he had with Vincent that raised alarm. Vincent expressed disdain for homosexuals and made a statement that implied satisfaction with Rowe’s death, leading Granville to advise him against making such remarks. The court heard from a range of witnesses related to the case, with twelve witnesses presented by the Crown on the first day and an expectation of fifteen more the following day. The complexity of the case was underscored by the crew dynamics and the social settings aboard the ship during the days leading to the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640219_2_171.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640219.2.171,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-185198400
4225,20,02,1964,"Evidence Of Crew In Murder Charge Ended (Press, 20 February 1964)","On 19 February 1964, the Lower Court in Wellington heard evidence from crew members of the New Zealand Star in a murder case against 20-year-old deckhand John Vincent. He is charged with the murder of the ship's chief steward, David Alan Rowe, which occurred on 1 January while the vessel was on a high seas journey between Panama and Christmas Island. The presiding magistrate, Mr. R.D. Jamieson, oversaw the proceedings in which two Crown witnesses were yet to testify. Medical practitioner Kevin Fitzmaurice Ross, the ship's doctor, reported that he was called to Rowe's cabin late on 1 January where he found Rowe unconscious with severe injuries including fractures to the nose and jaws, multiple lacerations, and substantial bleeding. The severity of Rowe's injuries suggested he had been attacked while asleep with a heavy blunt object, possibly a stanchion post. Rowe was pronounced dead around 1:25 a.m. on 2 January without regaining consciousness. Investigations revealed no weapons found in the cabin that could have caused the injuries, and the assailant likely did not get blood on themselves. Chief Officer Ian John Tait was instructed by the captain to inspect crew members for bloodstains. Vincent was notably the last to show his hands, which were clean, though Tait remarked that he had them folded under his arms prior. Further testimonies from various crew members, including Vincent's cabin mate Martin George Wills, described Vincent as having a generally amiable disposition but noted instances of temper. After being questioned, Wills indicated that while having a drink with Vincent, Vincent had shown signs of distress when marks on his arm were pointed out. Assistant steward Hans Joachim Klien noted Rowe’s reputation as both physically fit and active and suggested his homosexual inclinations given his relationships aboard. Another assistant steward, Michael John Donaghue, recalled a previously awkward interaction with Rowe, wherein Rowe had attempted to kiss him before the assault. A senior ordinary seaman, Michael Leslie Cole, mentioned an unsettling remark Vincent made about the prospect of being associated with a murderer, further complicating the narrative surrounding his character. Vincent was noted to have reacted defensively when jokingly accused of involvement in Rowe's death by a fellow crew member, Trevor Norman Thompson. Thompson's subsequent discussion with Vincent suggested he believed the murder was retaliatory in nature. The hearing into the murder charge was adjourned until the following day, as the court awaited testimonies from additional witnesses.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640220_2_147.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640220.2.147,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-185112000
4226,03,03,1964,"Counsel Alleges Youth Had Motive For Murder (Press, 3 March 1964)","On 2 March 1964, in the Supreme Court of Wellington, New Zealand, the trial of John Vincent, a 20-year-old deck-hand, commenced regarding the murder of David Alan Rowe, the chief steward of the New Zealand Star. The alleged murder took place on 1 January 1964 while the vessel was sailing in the Pacific Ocean between Panama and Christmas Island. The Crown prosecutor, Mr J. D. Murray, suggested that Vincent's violent reactions to discussions about homosexuality could provide a compelling motive for the murder. The court heard that Vincent had been found in compromising circumstances with Rowe, who had a history of being a practising homosexual. Mr Murray detailed events leading up to Rowe's death, including a bingo game on 26 December where Vincent and Rowe were seen conversing and drinking together. On the night of the incident, a party was held on the ship, and Rowe was later discovered in his bunk with severe injuries to his head and face. Following a brutal assault, Rowe was pronounced dead shortly after midnight, despite medical efforts. Evidence presented indicated that Rowe had suffered multiple blows from a blunt object, with bruising consistent with such an attack. Notably, a missing stanchion from the ship’s railings was identified, and paint flecks found near Rowe's bunk matched the stanchion’s colour. On 20 January, during police questioning in Suva, Vincent expressed a strong dislike for homosexuals and admitted to sleeping in Rowe’s cabin on the night of the bingo. However, he denied any sexual intercourse occurred. Cross-examinations revealed inconsistencies in Vincent's accounts, such as his recollection of events following the attack and where he was on the night in question. Testimonies underscored Vincent's alleged anger towards homosexuals, suggesting that feelings of remorse might have contributed to his actions. The trial continued, with the jury inspecting the New Zealand Star, assessing the circumstantial evidence and the implications of Vincent's past interactions with Rowe, which could portray a motive for the murder. The case remains ongoing as further evidence is examined.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640303_2_185.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640303.2.185,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-184075200
4227,04,03,1964,"Stewards’ Evidence In Murder Trial (Press, 4 March 1964)","On 3 March 1964, in the Supreme Court at Wellington, William Edward Mathews, a ship's steward, provided testimony as a Crown witness in the murder trial of John Vincent, a 20-year-old deckhand. Vincent is accused of murdering David Alan Rowe, the chief steward of the New Zealand Star, on 1 January 1964, while the ship was en route between Panama and Christmas Island. Mathews, who had known Rowe for eight years, recounted seeing Vincent and Rowe together in Rowe’s cabin early on 27 December, just before the New Year. He described a New Year’s Eve party where he and Rowe departed together, and later, he noticed Rowe in a compromising position with another steward, Michael John Donoghue, shortly before returning to his cabin at approximately 10 p.m. Mathews later found Rowe injured in his cabin, bleeding from his head. During questioning, Mathews revealed that Rowe was known to be a practising homosexual and self-identified as a homosexual himself, known by the nickname ""Jessie."" Donoghue corroborated Mathews’ account, stating that on the night of Rowe's death, Rowe had attempted to kiss him before Donoghue went to the galley for food. At around 11:25 p.m., Donoghue discovered Rowe covered in blood and alerted the doctor. Trevor Norman Thompson, another deckhand, testified about a conversation he had with Vincent after the crime, where Vincent's remarks suggested an acknowledgment of involvement in Rowe's condition. Thompson noted that Vincent later urged him to forget what he had seen and heard that night. The trial aims to explore the circumstances surrounding Rowe's death, including the social dynamics among the crew, and will continue with further hearings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640304_2_145.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640304.2.145,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-183988800
4228,05,03,1964,"Evidence Ended In Vincent’s Trial (Press, 5 March 1964)","On 5 March 1964, the Supreme Court in Wellington heard testimony regarding the murder charges against 20-year-old John Vincent, a deckhand on the New Zealand Star, concerning the death of chief steward David Alan Rowe on 1 January. Officer James Edward Clews recounted that during an investigation on 28 January at Napier, he had approached Vincent about some foodstuffs he was carrying. Vincent indicated that he was ""clearing out"" and expressed that he hitch-hiked back to the ship. Clews labelled Vincent the “chief suspect” in Rowe's murder, referring to Vincent's admission of motive. During testimonies, Vincent suggested he had been “seduced” while aboard the ship but did not clarify any details about the person involved. Melvyn Morgan, an able seaman, recalled a conversation in a cabin where Vincent commented on drinking with a murderer, but he could not provide precise recollections of the events discussed concerning Rowe's murder. Roland Granville, a representative of the British Seamen’s Union, testified that Vincent expressed reluctance to associate with certain crew members whom he derogatorily referred to, stating “I hate queers and that job on board ship was a job well done,” implying a level of discomfort regarding homosexuals. The acting superintendent of the Fiji Police Force, William Wallace Caldwell, stated in court that he questioned Vincent about his sexuality. Vincent vehemently denied the suggestion that he was homosexual, expressing anger at the insinuation. Caldwell also noted that Vincent had stated he felt uncomfortable in a situation of undress with Rowe but claimed to have reconciled the feelings over time. The persistent questioning about Vincent’s attitudes toward homosexuals suggested that it was a key aspect of the investigation, leading to substantial focus from Caldwell. He confirmed that he conducted additional interviews with various passengers on the ship as part of the inquiry into Rowe’s murder. As the Crown presented its case concluding with the testimony of constable Clews, Vincent's senior counsel, Mr G. C. Kent, indicated that they would not call any further evidence. The court proceedings were set to conclude with final addresses by counsel and a summation by Mr Justice Haslam, setting the stage for a resolution in this high-profile murder case at sea.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640305_2_187.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640305.2.187,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-183902400
4229,17,03,1964,"Tribunal Rules Book Not Indecent (Press, 17 March 1964)","On 16 March 1964, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington, New Zealand, released its decision regarding the book “Another Country” by James Baldwin. The tribunal, chaired by Sir Kenneth Gresson, ruled that the book does not qualify as indecent under Section 10 (a) of the Indecent Publications Act, 1963. The tribunal also declined to impose any distribution restrictions for young people, noting that the book had been available for several months without incident and features a simple, dignified dust cover. This decision marks a significant first application of the Indecent Publications Act of 1963. The tribunal analysed submissions from various parties, including counsel for the Secretary for Justice, represented by Solicitor-General Mr H. R. C. Wild, Q.C., who argued for a classification review. The tribunal allowed a representative from the New Zealand Library Association to present a submission. The book was defended by the publisher's representatives, including Mr L. M. Greig, and expert witnesses such as Dr. M. C. Groves and Professor T. Crawford also provided evidence, stating that the work offers a serious and accurate depiction of life in the African American community in New York. They argued that while it deals with themes of sexual relations and social indignities, it serves a humanitarian purpose and provides valuable insights into the experiences of Black individuals. The overall assessment praised the novel for its sincerity and moral weight, despite acknowledging that certain passages may be viewed as offensive. Sir Kenneth Gresson pointed out that the tribunal must evaluate the book as a whole rather than isolating explicit passages from their context. While conceding that some language and themes could be deemed inappropriate for younger audiences, the tribunal concluded that the book's social commentary and representation of race relations hold significant merit for mature readers. They identified that a young adolescent might perceive the book merely as a crude narrative of sexual conduct, which may not be in their best interest to read. Despite these considerations, the tribunal ultimately concluded that imposing any sales restrictions at this stage was unnecessary, given the book's established presence in the market. They emphasised that it did not possess the attributes of a publication likely to corrupt or deprave readers, particularly noting its dignified presentation. Sir Kenneth Gresson’s remarks suggest that while they recognised potential concerns regarding youth exposure to such content, they believed it was too late to implement restrictions on its sale. In summary, the tribunal's decision reinforced the notion that valuable literary works, even with challenging content, should be accessible, especially once they have already been circulating in society without complaint.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640317_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640317.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-182865600
6552,11,04,1964,"New Fiction (Press, 11 April 1964)","Lesley Styles' novel ""The Outer Gate,"" published in 1964, explores the life of John Peters, a gifted yet insecure artist navigating the complexities of love and self-identity. The narrative begins in Queensland before transitioning to Chelsea, London, and then back to Australia. John is introduced as a pioneering artist whose talents go largely unrecognised, except by a select few. After being rescued from a challenging life in Melbourne, he settles in Surfer’s Paradise, where he becomes infatuated with Sue Garrick, a successful advertising agent. Their intense romance ultimately crumbles when John learns of Sue's infidelity. Unable to grasp her belief in separating physical love from emotional loyalty, he ends the relationship and takes a job as a stoker on a cargo ship to England. In London, John befriends fellow artist Paul Dane while living in a shared studio flat. Although heartbroken and unable to create art, John immerses himself in the vibrant artistic community, encountering various characters that expand his worldview. Through a journey of personal growth and a brief affair in Spain, he reassesses his views on love and fidelity, maturing in the process. Styles’ prose is praised for its simplicity and emotional depth, making ""The Outer Gate"" a compelling exploration of love and artistic ambition. G. M. Glaskin’s ""Flight To Landfall"" presents a different narrative focused on Mrs Van Dooren, who brings diamonds to town, sparking rumours of hidden riches in her remote settlement. An author, reluctantly investigating these claims, discovers the stunning beauty of Landfall and hears the story of its past involving Fiona Scott-Fraser, who escapes from Singapore before Japanese occupation. She and others face dire circumstances in the wilderness after missing evacuation. The group dynamics reveal the best and worst of human nature as they struggle for survival in harsh conditions. The tale unfolds with challenges leading to personal transformation and profound consequences, ultimately showcasing the dialogue between human ambition and the enduring beauty of the land. Martha Wiley Emmett's “A Shadow Backwards” delves into profound themes of sex, death, and mental turmoil. It narrates the experiences of Jane Thompson, a mother grappling with her introspective nature following a miscarriage. The story intricately weaves her internal battle for sanity with that of Roger Rutherford, a man seeking artistic success but finding it elusive. Jane’s journey toward recovery is marked by physical and emotional pain, contrasting with Roger’s more public struggle that leads to his decline. The novel confronts uncomfortable topics with raw honesty, compelling readers to engage with the harsh realities faced by its characters while delivering a thoughtful reflection on human resilience amid despair. These three novels present diverse explorations of human experience, emotional turmoil, and artistic expression, capturing the essence of the post-war literary landscape in 1964.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640411_2_49_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640411.2.49.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-180705600
4230,06,05,1964,"Supreme Court Six Youths On Trial On Manslaughter... (Press, 6 May 1964)","Six youths, aged between 15 and 17, are currently on trial at the Supreme Court, facing charges of manslaughter in connection with the death of Charles Arthur Allan Aberhart, which occurred in Hagley Park on January 23, 1964. The trial began with each youth pleading not guilty. The accused are Anthony Dennis O’Connor, 16; Brian Francis Johns, 17; Raymond Clive Neither, 17; Zane Leslie McDonald, 15; Frank Leicester Reynolds, 16; and Roger Malcolm Williams, 17. The Crown is represented by Mr C. M. Roper, who stated that Aberhart was assaulted by the youths, which led to his death. Evidence presented includes that of Mr Cruthers, a cyclist who discovered Aberhart’s body on a grass verge in the park around 10 p.m. that night. An examination by Dr. L. L. Treadgold indicated that Aberhart had died from a brain haemorrhage, with injuries suggesting he was struck while being restrained by the arms. Mr Roper highlighted two unusual circumstances that led to the prompt interviews of the accused on the morning after Aberhart's death. A 1936-model Ford, owned by Williams, was seen parked near the park entrance earlier that evening, noted by Mr Cruthers and another individual, Mr Lamb. When interrogated, all but one of the youths provided written statements, which the jury must consider only as evidence against the individual accused. The Crown argued that the youths had converged on the park with the intention of assaulting a homosexual, a person they referred to derogatorily as ""a queer."" The prosecution asserted that the events unfolded in a sequence: the decision to go to the park, the identification of Aberhart as a suspected homosexual, luring him to a secluded area, and ultimately the physical assault. Witnesses provided testimony regarding their observations that night. William Gordon Overfield noticed two men under trees, one of whom he identified as Williams. He recalled one man calling for police assistance, while Stanley Russell Francis described being pursued by the group of youths when he was in the park lavatory. Detective-Sergeant A. E. G. Rogers stated that Reynolds indicated in a written confession that the group had gone to the park to explore homosexual activity. The accused Neither admitted to knocking Aberhart to the ground during the altercation and claimed to have taken money from him. The trial is expected to continue through the week, with further evidence being presented. Additionally, a bench warrant was issued for another individual, Albert Edward Leckie, who failed to report to the police as required in relation to a separate charge of indecent assault on a male. Meanwhile, in Auckland, significant rainfall was noted, approaching the total rainfall recorded for the entire month of April.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640506_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640506.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-178545600
4231,09,05,1964,"Supreme Court Jury Hears Addresses In Trial Of Six... (Press, 9 May 1964)","On 9 May 1964, the Supreme Court concluded the addresses by counsel in the trial of six youths charged with the manslaughter of Charles Arthur Allan Aberhart, who was assaulted in Hagley Park on 23 January. The jury, under Mr Justice Macarthur, is set to receive the judge's summation on the following Monday. The accused, aged between 15 and 17, include Anthony Dennis O'Connor (16), Brian Francis Johns (17), Raymond Clive Neither (17), Zane Leslie McDonald (15), Frank Leicester Reynolds (16), and Roger Malcolm Williams (17). The Crown, represented by Mr C. M. Roper and Mr L. C. J. Polson, contends that Aberhart's death resulted from a concerted effort by the accused to seek out and assault him. In his remarks, Mr Roper emphatically stated that Aberhart died due to the assault, asserting that the youth sought Aberhart, whom they deemed a “queer.” He highlighted that O'Connor admitted to wanting to beat up a gay man, and he categorised the actions of the youths as a ""joint venture."" Roper cited the verbal admissions made by Neither and noted that both Williams and Neither had directly assaulted Aberhart, while Reynolds was involved in leading Aberhart towards the others for the attack. Roper described the events as a ""sordid story,"" emphasising that Aberhart, despite his alleged shortcomings, had the right to live. Defence counsel offered counterarguments. Mr Drake, representing Williams, argued that the evidence should be scrutinised individually for each defendant, asserting that Williams had disclosed details of the night and left before the fatal incident. Mr Penlington for Reynolds declared that mere presence at the crime scene didn't equate to guilt and suggested a larger individual would need to have delivered the lethal blow. Other defence lawyers argued that the evidence against their clients was either non-existent or insufficient for a manslaughter charge. Mr Brockett, representing Johns, insisted that there was no substantial proof of active participation in the assault. Each defence counsel stressed the importance of individual behaviours and intentions, suggesting that the Crown's case lacked clarity and that no distinct act of manslaughter could be solely attributed to any one of the youths. As the court awaits the summation from Justice Macarthur, the case has highlighted deep questions about youth culpability, societal prejudice, and the nature of mob mentality in acts of violence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640509_2_214.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640509.2.214,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-178286400
4232,17,07,1964,"Uniform Proceedings Move (Press, 17 July 1964)","On 15 July 1964, police in Britain received an informal directive to refrain from pursuing charges against consenting homosexuals engaged in private activities. This instruction, communicated to heads of police forces, was designed to ensure uniformity in handling such cases by requiring police to submit details to the Director of Public Prosecutions prior to any action. A spokesman for the Home Office stated this move was intended to standardise procedures. Previously, police had been able to initiate prosecutions independently, leading to inconsistent outcomes across various jurisdictions. As a result, this shift may spark debate within Parliament, given the historical context surrounding laws on homosexuality. The issue of homosexual acts between consenting males had previously been addressed by a Government commission known as the Wolfenden Report, published seven years earlier, which advocated for the legalisation of such behaviour in private. Despite its recommendations, Parliament had not reached a consensus to alter existing law on the matter. Moreover, two years ago, an attempt to legislate on the issue through a Private Member’s Bill, which aimed to require consultation with the Director of Public Prosecutions in relevant cases, was ultimately dismissed during parliamentary proceedings. Current assessments suggest that significant legislative changes regarding homosexuality are unlikely to occur before the upcoming General Election scheduled for autumn 1964.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640717_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640717.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-172324800
4234,03,08,1964,"Legal Action By Peer Against News Group (Press, 3 August 1964)","On 2 August 1964, it was reported that Lord Boothby, who had publicly rejected allegations about a homosexual relationship with a London gang leader, has decided to take legal action against Daily Mirror Newspapers, Ltd. His decision came after writing a letter to ""The Times"" due to distress caused by persistent rumours stemming from articles in the ""Sunday Mirror."" Lord Boothby described the ""Sunday Mirror"" and ""Daily Mirror"" as sources of these ""sinister rumours"" regarding his supposed connections with a convicted criminal. After considering the situation for several days and consulting extensively with legal advisors, Lord Boothby chose to confront the allegations directly, despite recommendations from prominent friends who believed the rumours would fade on their own. He recounted a timeline of events that began approximately ten weeks prior when a stranger contacted him about a business matter. Unaware of the man's criminal background, Lord Boothby initially perceived him as an accomplished businessman promoting a legitimate housing development project in West Africa. During their meetings, the stranger requested that Lord Boothby serve as the chairman for the venture, but after reviewing the details, he declined the role. In a follow-up visit, the man expressed a desire for a photographs with Lord Boothby, claiming admiration for his television appearances. This resulted in a brief get-together during which a photo was taken on Boothby's sofa, marking their last encounter. The situation escalated when the ""Sunday Mirror"" published its first report on 12 July, titled ""The Peer And The Gangster."" This article alleged that the Metropolitan Police Commissioner had initiated an inquiry related to alleged extortion and blackmail connected to Lord Boothby, a claim that the Commissioner subsequently denied. A second story followed on 19 July, dubbed ""The Picture We Must Not Print,"" which further fueled speculation. Eventually, the German magazine ""Stern"" included both Lord Boothby's name and that of the alleged gangster in a version of this unfolding story. In response to the allegations, Lord Boothby enlisted the services of leading counsel, including Lord Gardiner, Q.C., and Mr Colin Duncan, Q.C., to represent him in the forthcoming legal battle against the newspapers. Through this legal action, Lord Boothby aims to clear his name and address the damaging implications of the allegations that have disrupted his personal and public life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640803_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640803.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-170856000
4233,03,08,1964,"Lord Boothby’s Letter To ‘the Times’ (Press, 3 August 1964)","On 3 August 1964, Lord Boothby, a prominent British politician and life peer, publicly addressed serious allegations made against him in a letter published in ""The Times."" Born Robert John Graham Boothby in 1900, he has had a significant career in political and public affairs, including serving as parliamentary private secretary to Sir Winston Churchill from 1926 to 1929. He holds various positions, including director of David Allen and Sons, Ltd, and vice-chairman of the International Movement for Atlantic Union. In his letter, Lord Boothby vehemently denied rumours suggesting that he had a homosexual relationship with a known criminal involved in a London protection racket. The allegations included claims that he attended all-male parties in Mayfair and had been photographed in compromising situations. He refuted these claims, asserting that the accounts are fabricated and the result of a campaign led by the ""Sunday Mirror"" and ""Daily Mirror"" newspapers. Lord Boothby explained that upon returning to London from France on 17 July, he was astonished to find that the media and public were rife with speculation regarding his supposed indiscretions. He outlined that he only met the alleged gangster three times regarding business, all of which occurred in his flat and in the presence of others. He further clarified that he had never attended any parties associated with the criminal underworld or clergymen in Brighton, nor had anyone attempted to blackmail him. The letter also noted that the police had not conducted any surveillance on his activities, contrary to the allegations made against him. He expressed frustration over the damaging effects of the false rumours, stating that it creates an impossible situation for public figures who feel compelled to defend their reputations amidst unfounded accusations. Lord Boothby concluded his letter by challenging the newspapers to produce any evidence they claim to possess regarding the allegations. He stated that he is not a homosexual and has not attended any such parties for over 20 years. A spokesperson from the ""Daily Mirror"" responded to the controversy by declining to comment further. The Home Secretary, Mr Brooke, had previously stated in the House of Commons that the police found no supporting evidence for claims that a criminal protection racket existed involving club owners and a connection between a peer and a leading criminal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640803_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640803.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-170856000
4235,04,08,1964,"Boothby To Take Counsel’s Advice (Press, 4 August 1964)","On 2 August 1964, Lord Boothby announced that he had not yet made a decision regarding whether to sue Daily Mirror Newspapers, Ltd. His statement followed an article published in the “Sunday Times” that included allegations about his supposed homosexual relations with a London gang leader. In response to these claims, Lord Boothby had previously published a letter in “The Times” denying that he was the peer mentioned in the report. At the time, Lord Boothby, who had been recovering on doctor's orders at a friend's home in Cambridge, expressed concern over inaccuracies in the “Sunday Times” article, particularly a claim that he had retained legal counsel from Lord Gardiner and had met with Sir William Hayley. He clarified that while he is close friends with Lord Gardiner, he had not engaged him for legal representation. Boothby indicated that he was awaiting legal advice, which would guide his decisions regarding potential legal action against the newspaper. He planned to consult with his legal advisers after returning to London, stating that he had not yet made any definitive resolutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640804_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640804.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-170769600
4236,07,08,1964,"‘Mirror’ Pays £40,000 To Lord Boothby (Press, 7 August 1964)","On 6 August 1964, the International Publishing Corporation (I.P.C.), which owns the “Daily Mirror” and “Sunday Mirror,” issued a public apology to Lord Boothby and agreed to pay him £40,000 in compensation. This decision stemmed from an article published in the ""Sunday Mirror,"" which implied a scandal involving Lord Boothby, suggesting he had an inappropriate homosexual relationship with a notorious figure in the London underworld. The article specifically mentioned that a Scotland Yard investigation into this alleged relationship had been ordered. Although the ""Sunday Mirror"" never directly named Lord Boothby, he discovered upon his return to London from France that there were rampant speculations and accusations regarding his involvement in the alleged relationship. The situation triggered a backlash, with various circles in Parliament and Fleet Street discussing the accusations extensively. In his correspondence published in ""The Times,"" Lord Boothby expressed his astonishment at the unfounded rumours circulating about him. Following the uproar, I.P.C. reached out to his solicitors, indicating their willingness to rectify the situation and restore Lord Boothby’s reputation through a prominent publication of the apology. Mr Cecil Harmsworth King, the chairman of I.P.C., underscored the corporate philosophy that newspapers should promptly acknowledge their mistakes and expressed satisfaction that any claims suggesting improper conduct on Lord Boothby’s part were unfounded. The apology included a personal expression of regret from both him and the board of directors regarding the story's publication. Additionally, it was stated that Lord Boothby would donate £5,000 to the King Edward the Seventh Hospital in London as part of the resolution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640807_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640807.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-170510400
4237,11,09,1964,"Homosexual Clinic (Press, 11 September 1964)","At the Catholic prison chaplains' conference held in Auckland on 10 September 1964, a proposal was presented advocating for the establishment of a specialised clinic for homosexual offenders. The Rev. Father M. Burning, who serves as the chaplain at Wi Tako prison in Trentham, highlighted his extensive study and concern regarding the treatment of individuals with homosexual tendencies. He argued that current facilities, namely prisons and hospitals, are inadequate for addressing the needs of these individuals. Father Burning emphasised that incarcerating someone with such tendencies in an all-male prison environment is fundamentally inappropriate. He called for the creation of a ""half-way house"" or clinic that would serve as an alternative treatment setting, one that lies outside the prison and hospital framework. His vision included a place designed to facilitate rehabilitation and reintegration into society, where these individuals could receive appropriate support and guidance. The chaplain acknowledged the efforts of the Justice Department in tackling issues related to homosexuality but insisted that a dedicated clinic would significantly enhance therapeutic opportunities. Father Burning's proposals were aimed at ensuring that individuals grappling with homosexuality are provided with the necessary tools and support to become constructive members of their communities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19640911_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19640911.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-167486400
6848,15,10,1964,"Defending His Right To Wear Women’s Clothes (Press, 15 October 1964)","On 14 October 1964, the New York Civil Liberties Union (NYCLU) stepped in to champion the rights of John Miller, a 58-year-old man arrested for wearing women’s clothing. Miller, also referred to as Joan Miller, was apprehended in March while dressed in a brown two-piece women's suit, high heels, a fur cape, along with a wig and make-up. He was charged with vagrancy, a law underpinned by a section of an 1845 Vagrancy Act originally aimed at thwarting anti-rent movements by criminalising disguise among protesters. During the court proceedings, police described Miller's attire in detail while he maintained a letter from a psychiatrist that identified him as a transvestite. Following a two-day sentence in a workhouse, Miller appealed the conviction. The NYCLU entered the case as a ""friend of the court,"" arguing against the misuse of the law to persecute individuals for their choices in lifestyle or expression. They contended that the legislation was not intended to apply to Miller's situation, given its historical context. The appeal is scheduled to be heard by the State Supreme Court next month, as the issue of personal rights and expressions in the face of antiquated laws comes to the forefront of legal debate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19641015_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19641015.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-164548800
4238,23,10,1964,"Churches Agree On Homosexual Law (Press, 23 October 1964)","On 22 October 1964, the British Council of Churches discussed recent legal changes regarding the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting men in private. The council, composed of 23 churches across the British Isles excluding the Roman Catholic Church, revealed that while there is no outright opposition to these changes, opinions remain divided within certain congregations. A resolution was passed to form an advisory group tasked with engaging with the new Home Secretary, Sir Frank Soskice, on implementing recommendations from the Wolfenden report. This report, published in 1957 and led by Sir John Wolfenden, advocated for the decriminalisation of private homosexual acts among adult men. The Rev. Kenneth Greet, chairman of the advisory group, noted during the meeting in Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire, that public opinion has shifted positively since the report's release. He highlighted a significant directive from the Home Office stating that police are to refrain from charging individuals for private homosexual behaviour without consulting the Director of Public Prosecutions first. This reflects a broader change in societal attitudes toward homosexuality and the enforcement of related laws. Additionally, on the same day, the 57-nation Afro-Asian group within the United Nations, which holds a majority in the assembly, announced its decision to postpone the opening of the General Assembly until December 1964.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19641023_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19641023.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-163857600
4239,30,10,1964,"Magistrate’s Court Three Months' Gaol For Theft Of... (Press, 30 October 1964)","On 30 October 1964, the Magistrate's Court dealt with various cases involving theft, indecent acts, forgery, and other offences among others. Alan William Brand, 30, was sentenced to three months in prison for stealing five bicycles and groceries worth £1 5s 9d. The Magistrate noted concerns about the increasing bike thefts in Christchurch, and despite Brand's claims of financial hardship due to back injuries and debts of £200, the court found his actions unjustifiable. Murray James Johnson, 29, received six months for permitting an indecent act with another male, with the Magistrate stressing that public indecency would be met with severe penalties. John Herbert Costello, 34, was placed on a 12-month probation for forging a Post Office Savings Bank withdrawal slip to support his family. Seventeen-year-old Ronald James Barr was fined £8 for stealing two milkshake containers while already on probation. Three charges against 61-year-old Harold James Prisk for indecently assaulting young girls were dismissed due to his not guilty plea. The court heard a range of traffic-related offences, including George Charles Nicholson, 23, who faced multiple driving charges after dangerous driving incidents, and John Francis Rapley, 22, who was fined £40 and disqualified for driving under the influence. In a burglary case, Kandzu Baczynski, 18, and two accomplices pleaded guilty to breaking into a pharmacy and stealing goods worth £163 18s 4d. Alan Benjamin Richards, 44, was convicted of stealing £128 while employed at Paparua Prison. Several individuals faced theft and receiving charges, including 40-year-old Ernest William Hammond, fined £25 for receiving stolen cigarettes. A fine of £20 awaited Mervyn Helm McCrae, 52, for stealing a bicycle. Multiple youth offenders were remanded for various charges, such as breaking and entering, assault, and unlawful sexual intercourse involving minors. Notably, a woman charged with shoplifting collapsed in court, drawing attention to her financial struggles. Other cases included a farmer fined for unregistered firearms and another man fined for throwing a bottle in public. While some charges were dismissed based on insufficient evidence, numerous offenders received prison time or fines reflecting the court's determination to address these crimes effectively. Throughout the proceedings, the Magistrate expressed particular frustration regarding repetitive offenders, warning that leniency would diminish in the face of continued criminal behaviour. Overall, the court exemplified a firm stance against theft, indecency in public places, and dishonesty, upholding the law for community safety and morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19641030_2_178.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19641030.2.178,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-163252800
6849,04,12,1964,"Magistrate's Covrt False Pretences, Possession Of... (Press, 4 December 1964)","On 4 December 1964, a range of legal cases were discussed in the Magistrate's Court, illustrating various offences including firearms possession, fraud, burglary, and shoplifting. Dennis Patrick John Rogers, a 25-year-old unemployed clerk, pleaded guilty to possessing a loaded .22 rifle without lawful authority and to charges of false pretences regarding a vehicle purchase amounting to £1417. He was found with the rifle after a traffic officer stopped his car, and it was revealed that the vehicle was bought with cheques he knew would bounce. Rogers was remanded on bail to be sentenced on 10 December 1964. Eighteen-year-old Michael Paul Stone, described as a hairdresser, received 18 months of probation for being idle and disorderly while wearing women's clothing. The Magistrate noted his behaviour was influenced by possible personality disorders and ordered him to seek medical treatment. Leslie Frederick Vintiner, a 19-year-old unemployed youth, faced multiple theft charges involving a burglary in Methven where clothing and a cash register were stolen from a shop. After detectives found the stolen goods in his flat, Vintiner admitted to the offences and was remanded on bail for sentencing later that month. Andrew Byrnes, a 45-year-old sales manager, was fined £40 and disqualified from driving for three years after being caught driving under the influence of alcohol. His case exemplified the ongoing issues of impaired driving during that time. Three young men, John Russell Achilles, Maurice Arthur Cumming, and George William Wilson, were convicted of stealing a turkey valued at £4, which they chased down intending to eat for Christmas. Each was fined £3, and the nature of their offence was considered relatively trivial given the circumstances. Several others faced charges ranging from trespassing to theft. For instance, Frederick Edward Cribbett received a fine for trespassing at his mother-in-law’s property while under the influence of alcohol. Furthermore, 67-year-old Stanley Edward Beckett was remanded for stealing a wallet. In a more severe instance, Norman Sinclair, a 42-year-old timber worker with a criminal past of indecent assault, was sentenced to four years in prison due to his record when pleading guilty to similar charges involving a mentally retarded boy. The court also handled cases involving shoplifting, such as that of Marie Ellis Baken, who admitted to stealing goods over the course of several weeks, and Carol Maren Whaitiri, who was fined for theft of children’s clothing and a toothbrush. Overall, the court session showcased a range of criminal activities and the judicial responses to maintain societal order, alongside interventions aimed at rehabilitation for certain offenders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19641204_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19641204.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-160228800
4240,22,12,1964,"S.m. Defends Auckland Prison Administration (Press, 22 December 1964)","A report released on 21 December 1964 by Mr A. A. Coates, S.M., following an inquiry into conditions at Mount Eden prison, Auckland, criticises sensationalist coverage by the Sunday News, labelling it ""irresponsible journalism"". Mr Coates contended that the article exaggerated issues regarding prisoner treatment by prison staff, despite acknowledging the existence of homosexual conduct, bookmaking, illicit brewing, and fighting among inmates. He affirmed the sound administration of the prison and praised the staff for their performance under challenging conditions, noting a lack of serious complaints about the current administration under the present superintendent, who is recommended as capable and efficient. Mr Coates described the prison's overcrowding, structural issues, and inadequacies as factors affecting discipline and control. Nonetheless, he noted that isolated unlawful acts occur, but such behaviour is not condoned by staff, who maintain strict supervision to prevent and address these incidents effectively. The report asserted that any allegations claiming rampant unlawful behaviour within the prison lacked substantiation. On the topic of homosexual conduct, Mr Coates acknowledged that it is expected in a confined male population but maintained that the current superintendent was implementing measures to address this, including placing known homosexuals in separate cells with close supervision. Regarding bookmaking, Coates noted that inmates engage in it as a pastime, with tobacco and chocolate serving as currency, stating that discouraging it could instigate serious unrest. He mentioned that while trafficking among inmates is difficult to control, prison staff conduct regular searches to mitigate this activity. The illicit brewing of alcohol within the prison is a notable issue, with officers actively monitoring and confiscating such brews, despite the cleverness of some inmates in eluding detection. Similarly, fighting is common among inmates as tensions can lead to physical confrontations; however, it was reported that staff typically intervene during such occurrences. While there may have been instances where officers allowed fights to take place among evenly matched individuals, the overall impression was one of prompt intervention. Mr Coates also emphasised that inmates receive adequate medical care and that there was no evidence of delays or inadequacies in medical assistance. Furthermore, regarding the use of force by prison officers, he reported a consensus among witnesses that physical force was not excessively or unlawfully applied, generally being limited to situations requiring restraint or self-defence. In summary, Mr Coates' investigation found that while certain issues exist within Mount Eden prison, the overall administration is competent, and the sensational claims made by the Sunday News were unfounded in significant respects. The report seeks to provide a clearer picture of the prison's realities, counteracting the panic and discontent fostered by misleading journalism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19641222_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19641222.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-158673600
4241,06,02,1965,"Sentences Varied (Press, 6 February 1965)","On 6 February 1965, Mr Justice Wilson of the Supreme Court delivered a ruling regarding two men, Kevin Clarence Sinclair, 23, and Allan Crombie Potts, 37, who had appealed against their sentences for homosexual offences. Both men were previously sentenced to three months’ imprisonment by the Magistrate's Court on 28 January 1965. Sinclair was charged with allowing Potts to perform an indecent act on him on 15 January, while Potts was charged with indecently assaulting Sinclair on the same date. The appeal took place with Mr I. C. J. Polson representing the Crown, while Mr B. J. Drake defended Potts and Mr S. G. Erber represented Sinclair. In allowing the appeals, Mr Justice Wilson acknowledged that both men had pleaded guilty and noted the regrettable prevalence of such offences occurring in Christchurch. He highlighted prior instances where he had dealt with similar cases, including the disturbing lengths offenders would go to, such as altering public facilities that facilitated these acts. While affirming that the nature of the offences warranted a term of imprisonment to underscore the seriousness of the situation and serve as a public deterrent, Mr Justice Wilson recognised that neither appellant had a previous criminal record and both demonstrated good behaviour in their reports. He found it notable that two unrelated men could be involved in such an act of debasement. In light of these factors, the Justice concluded that although imprisonment seemed justifiable due to the nature of the offences and public interest, the appellants’ good character led him to substitute their sentences with fines of £50 each. Before announcing his final decision, Mr Justice Wilson emphasised the need for submissions to be made concerning the appeals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650206_2_202.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650206.2.202,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-154699200
4242,25,02,1965,"Casement’s Bones Sent To Eire (Press, 25 February 1965)","On 24 February 1965, the British government facilitated the long-awaited return of the remains of Sir Roger Casement, an Irish patriot who was executed for high treason 49 years prior. His bones, long buried at Pentonville Prison in London, were exhumed and transported to Dublin, where they will lie in state for four days before being reinterred in Glasnevin Cemetery, a location chosen by his sister in 1925. Sir Roger Casement was originally knighted for his contributions to the British consular service. However, during the First World War, he was arrested and convicted for attempting to garner German support for the 1916 Irish rebellion against British rule. At his trial, it was alleged he encouraged Irish prisoners of war in Germany to form an Irish brigade to resist British forces. Just before his execution, he expressed a desire not to remain in the “dreadful place” where he was hanged, but rather to return to Ireland for a final resting place. In the House of Commons, Prime Minister Harold Wilson announced the successful exhumation and transfer of Casement’s remains, describing it as a resolution to a contentious chapter in UK-Irish relations. However, he clarified that Casement’s controversial “black diaries,” which reportedly indicate his homosexuality, would remain in London. Concerns were raised about the authenticity of these diaries, with some claiming they were forgeries designed to tarnish his reputation during a sensitive time, as the United States remained neutral in the war. Labour MP Emrys Hughes stressed that many Irish citizens suspected the diaries were fraudulent and hoped for their return. In the House of Lords, a Labour peer, Lord Brockway, recalled being imprisoned at Pentonville the night before Casement's execution, sharing a moment of connection with the condemned man. Casement's remains were flown to Dublin on a special Irish Airlines flight, welcomed with a military honour guard and attended by both Irish government ministers and the British ambassador to Ireland. The campaign for the return of Casement’s remains began immediately after his execution in 1916, gathering support from Irish communities worldwide. Dr Herbert Mackey, the current chairman of the Casement Repatriation Committee in Britain, has been leading this effort since 1935. Various British governments had previously rejected the requests for repatriation until this recent decision was made to finally honour Sir Roger Casement’s last wish. His remains are expected to be buried near the O'Connell monument in Glasnevin, with a simple plaque commemorating him.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650225_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650225.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-153057600
4243,08,03,1965,"Casement’s Diaries (Press, 8 March 1965)","On 7 March 1965 in Dublin, Dr. Herbert Mackey, the chairman of the Casement Repatriation Committee, announced that the remains of Irish patriot Sir Roger Casement were expected to return to Ireland by early September. Dr. Mackey has been a strong advocate for this return and is also involved in a campaign to acquire Casement's controversial ""black diaries,"" which are currently stored at the Public Records Office in London. He clarified that this effort was independent of the Irish Government, stating that while there are ongoing legal actions related to the diaries, they are not formally sanctioned by the government but rather are the result of “free-lance work.” The ""black diaries"" are notable for containing passages suggesting that Sir Roger Casement was homosexual, a detail that has sparked considerable debate and controversy. Many Irish citizens are sceptical about the authenticity of these documents, with some believing that the passages could have been forged. The case of Sir Roger Casement remains a significant topic in discussions around Irish identity and history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650308_2_182_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650308.2.182.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-152107200
4244,11,03,1965,"Four Magazines Held Indecent (Press, 11 March 1965)","On 11 March 1965, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington banned four magazines for promoting homosexuality, which was considered a criminal offence in New Zealand at the time. The magazines affected were ""Physique Pictorial,"" ""Modern Adonis,"" ""Male Classics,"" and ""Male Classics Annual."" The tribunal asserted that these publications were designed to attract or encourage homosexual behaviour, leading them to be deemed indecent under the relevant statute. The action arose after the Comptroller of Customs had detained copies of these magazines, consigning them to a Wellington bookshop, and initiated legal proceedings to determine their indecency under the Customs Act. Evidence presented to the tribunal indicated that the magazines featured male poses, letterpress, and advertisements intended to attract homosexual individuals. There were also claims that the magazines were frequently found in the possession of known homosexuals and had been used to entice younger men into homosexual activities. The tribunal noted that most customers for the magazines were males aged between 25 and 55, who had not previously been involved in legal issues. Despite the bookshop owner asserting ignorance of the magazines' character and stating that none of his staff had raised any concerns, the tribunal concluded that four of the five magazines did not conform to societal standards of decency. In a contrasting ruling, the tribunal approved another publication, ""Tomorrow’s Man,"" which it deemed primarily focused on body building and did not exhibit characteristics similar to the banned magazines. The tribunal also stated that their decision would apply to future issues of the four banned magazines unless significant modifications were made to their content. In addition to these rulings, the tribunal reviewed Mickey Spillane’s novel ""The Snake,"" which had been referred to them by the importer with the Minister of Justice's consent. They concluded that it was not indecent, characterising it as a light-weight thriller filled with action, fighting, and some sexual content. The tribunal maintained that while some incidents in the book were improbable, it adhered to ordinary standards of decency and would not deprave readers or harm public welfare.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650311_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650311.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-151848000
4245,18,03,1965,"Casement Diaries (Press, 18 March 1965)","On 17 March 1965, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson stated that the controversial diaries of Sir Roger Casement would remain in Britain, despite calls for their return to Ireland. Sir Roger Casement, an Irish patriot, was executed by the British in 1916, and his diaries are reported to contain evidence of his homosexuality during his time as a consular official in South America. During a discussion in the House of Commons, Labour MP Hector Hughes advocated for the return of Casement's documents to Eire, similar to the recent repatriation of his remains. However, Wilson cited the Public Records Act, explaining that records could only be released if they were duplicated in other preserved public records or if there was a compelling reason against permanent preservation. Wilson observed that neither of these conditions applied to Casement's diaries. The diaries have sparked controversy, with many Irish individuals asserting that they are forgeries intended to tarnish Casement's reputation, particularly during a sensitive period in World War I when the United States maintained its neutrality. There were concerns that Casement's treason trial could negatively impact Irish-American sentiments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650318_2_131.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650318.2.131,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-151243200
4246,27,03,1965,"Women Jurors Will There Be More Verdicts Of... (Press, 27 March 1965)","For the first time, women served in significant numbers on juries at the Supreme Court in Christchurch during a recent criminal session, resulting in a notable spike in the conviction rate. Women constituted 26 per cent of jurors across 20 trials, contributing to an overall conviction rate of 88 per cent, a stark contrast to the average of 53 per cent observed in previous years (1960-1964). However, experts caution against drawing definitive conclusions about the impact of women jurors solely based on this session, as it will require several years of female participation to accurately gauge their influence on jury decisions. Within the six-week session, a total of 465 jurors were summoned, with women making up 32 per cent of that number. Out of 240 jurors who served, 64 were women, and there were only two all-male juries. Several trials saw defence counsel challenge multiple women jurors; in some cases, as many as nine women were challenged. This trend indicates a wariness among barristers concerning the potential influence of female jurors during trials. Moving forward, the upcoming civil session commencing on 29 March 1965 will maintain a similar inclusivity of women in juries, with at least 25 per cent expected to serve. During the last year, criminal sessions at the court had varied conviction rates, including a troubling case involving six youths acquitted of manslaughter, which sparked significant public outcry and led to efforts to improve the presentation and preparation of indictments by the prosecuting authorities. Additionally, evaluations from other cities revealed mixed effects of female jurors on conviction rates. In Dunedin, one accused was found guilty with one woman on the jury, while another was acquitted with four women serving. In Auckland, approximately 22 per cent of summoned jurors were women, yet this constituted a lower number who actually served. Wellington's session displayed a mixed result as well, showing a 60 percent conviction rate, a decline from previous averages. Overall, the participation of women on juries is engaging interest among various authorities, including the Justice, Police, and Prisons Departments, as well as legal practitioners. There is a prevailing belief that the presence of women jurors may lead to a less lenient attitude towards crime, although further research and time are needed to substantiate these notions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650327_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650327.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-150465600
4247,03,04,1965,"Sargeson’s Writing “more Important” (Press, 3 April 1965)","On April 1, 1965, the New Zealand author Frank Sargeson was acknowledged for his significant contributions to literature in a feature by Geoffrey Moorhouse in the ""Guardian."" The focus of the article was on Sargeson's recently published ""Collected Stories"" in Britain and how his work laid a foundational base for New Zealand literature over the past decade. Moorhouse highlighted that prior to Sargeson’s emergence in the mid-1930s, New Zealand lacked a distinct literary identity and was largely influenced by English perspectives. Many New Zealand writers seemed to view their country through the lens of British tradition, which limited their creative expression. Sargeson’s achievement was breaking away from this paradigm and beginning to outline a unique literary voice for New Zealand. The influence of Katherine Mansfield, a renowned writer who had shaped New Zealand’s literary identity, was also discussed. Moorhouse suggested that while her international reputation had been acknowledged, it created a discouraging environment for local writers who felt overshadowed by her legacy. In contrast to those who sought recognition overseas, Sargeson remained in New Zealand and wrote from a local perspective, establishing himself as a genuine New Zealand author rather than a product of emigration. Moorhouse expressed disappointment that publishers had omitted Dr. W. H. Pearson's introduction from the New Zealand edition of Sargeson’s stories, which provided important context regarding Sargeson's significance. Although the collection features 40 stories, some of which were quite brief, Moorhouse noted that the long story ""That Summer"" stood out for its depth, effectively exploring complex themes such as relationships and mateship in a daring manner for the era. Moorhouse concluded that while Sargeson's work may feel somewhat dated now, he would likely never achieve the international acclaim that some might expect. However, Moorhouse respected that Sargeson might not have ever sought such recognition. At the time of publication, Sargeson was 62 years old, hailing from Hamilton, and residing in Auckland.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650403_2_241.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650403.2.241,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-149860800
4248,19,04,1965,"Students To Unite In Airing Grievances (Press, 19 April 1965)","At the Easter conference in Christchurch, held over the weekend of 19 April 1965, the council of the New Zealand University Students’ Association decided on the necessity of presenting a united front to address student grievances. The council resolved to set priorities and organise national petitions to effectively represent students' interests. This decision stemmed from remarks made by delegate Mr A. Taylor from Victoria University, who highlighted the support received from the watersiders' union for students in their fight for educational freedom. He claimed that they had already accomplished the boycott’s objectives and intended to maintain public awareness on these issues. Mr Taylor expressed concerns that the lack of consensus among universities regarding priorities left them vulnerable to government criticism and highlighted the association's failures to adequately advocate for student bursaries, stating they should have represented universities in a more unified manner. The council discussed potential strategies for advocacy, which included holding a seminar to refresh the Parry report, possibly setting up a conference focused on educational development, and applying continuous pressure on the government for progress. In addition to educational issues, the council adopted resolutions on other social matters. They advocated for the decriminalisation of abortion, suggesting it should be treated as a normal surgical procedure rather than an illegal act. They also called for the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. The council recommended extending public bar closing times to 10 p.m. Concerns regarding the preservation of prehistoric Maori sites were raised, with the council deciding to urge the government to ensure that construction projects, particularly in sites like Turangi and along the Wanganui river, incorporated archaeological considerations. They recommended employing professional archaeologists to adequately investigate threatened sites before any construction commenced. The council showed support for initiatives by the New Zealand Archaeological Association and the New Zealand Historic Places Trust to identify important sites for preservation. Several remits passed at the conference were informed by discussions from a recent students’ congress at Curious Cove. Notably, the council also decided to separate the New Zealand universities' winter tournament from the arts festival, with plans for the arts festival to occur in the first week of the August holidays, starting in 1966. Proposed venues for future events include Otago and Victoria for the winter tournament and Massey and Canterbury for the arts festival, with Auckland scheduling for the winter tournament as well. Overall, this conference signified a proactive approach by the students’ association in tackling various pertinent issues facing students and advocating for social change within New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650419_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650419.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-148478400
4249,26,04,1965,"Charges Against Professor (Press, 26 April 1965)","On 25 April 1965, a prominent surgeon and university professor from Buenos Aires, Dr. Francisco de Fazio, was taken before a judge for questioning regarding serious allegations of medical malpractice. Dr. de Fazio, who practices privately and is the president of the University of Moron as well as a professor of surgery at the University of Buenos Aires, is accused of castrating a man and altering his appearance to resemble that of a woman. He has been charged with “grievous bodily harm and corruption.” The case came to light following a local judge's rejection of a request for a name change from a homosexual individual, Mauro Fernando Vega, who had claimed to have undergone gender reassignment. Pathologists testified that 40-year-old Vega was, in fact, a castrated man who had been given a woman's appearance through plastic surgery and other artificial means. This surgical procedure was reportedly performed in 1958, and Vega first submitted his name change request in 1962. The investigation revealed that the operation had been conducted by Dr. de Fazio, linking him directly to the case. Details concerning his arrest remain sparse, as law enforcement and court officials have not disclosed further information. However, it has been confirmed that Dr. de Fazio is currently being held incommunicado, and a judge responsible for cases involving statutory minors has taken charge of the proceedings. Reports also indicate that there are an additional four charges against Dr. de Fazio involving minors.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650426_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650426.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-147873600
4250,07,05,1965,"Alcohol And Mental Illness (Press, 7 May 1965)","In a presentation on 6 May 1965, Dr. D. M. F. McDonald, a senior psychiatrist at Porirua Hospital and visiting psychiatrist at Wellington Hospital, highlighted the significant impact of alcoholism on mental health in the Wellington area. Speaking at the annual meeting of the National Society on Alcoholism of New Zealand, he reported that one-third of all mental illness cases among males he had treated were linked to alcoholism. Over the past year, Dr. McDonald had worked with roughly 600 male patients, with 30 percent of these cases primarily involving alcoholism. Dr. McDonald pointed to New Zealand's cultural norms, which celebrate male drinking culture, as a contributing factor to alcoholism, especially among adolescents. He suggested that New Zealand’s relatively comfortable living conditions have left individuals with excessive leisure time, leading to boredom and a sense of meaninglessness. Many seek excitement through alcohol, which historically has served as a quick form of tranquilliser, providing a temporary escape from depression. He also expressed concern over the growing prevalence of alcoholism in affluent societies, noting it is one of the most challenging conditions to treat and is becoming increasingly significant in socially advanced countries like New Zealand. Despite the challenges, Dr. McDonald described the typical New Zealand alcoholic as an intelligent and charming individual with a strong drive for creativity. However, many struggle with feelings of despair while drinking, as alcohol becomes a substitute for other appetites and desires such as food, love, and creativity. In his treatment approach, Dr. McDonald emphasised the importance of collaboration with Alcoholics Anonymous, while also addressing the need for vitamins and tranquilliser drugs, especially during withdrawal. He noted that patients often responded quickly to treatment but highlighted that many were only partially convinced of their alcoholism, making behavioural change challenging. Towards the end of his address, Dr. McDonald cautioned against proposed legislation in Parliament that would enforce compulsory treatment for alcoholics. While he acknowledged the serious social implications of alcoholism, he cautioned that such measures might create further issues in treatment, emphasising the necessity of a willing partnership between patients and healthcare providers. His recommendations were rooted in a compassionate understanding of the complexities surrounding alcoholism and its treatment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650507_2_171.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650507.2.171,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-146923200
4251,12,05,1965,"Adoption Of Wolfenden Proposals Urged (Press, 12 May 1965)","On 11 May 1965, five bishops along with three other members of the House of Lords urged the British Government to reform laws regarding private homosexual acts between consenting adults. Their request came through a letter to ""The Times,"" highlighting prior recommendations made by the Wolfenden committee in 1957. This committee, which comprised 15 members, including lawyers, doctors, clerics, and prominent figures such as Sir John Wolfenden, conducted a detailed three-year study advocating for a change in existing laws that prohibited homosexual acts in both public and private settings. The Wolfenden committee's position was that laws should not intrude in the private lives of individuals, and their report reflected a significant shift in societal attitudes towards homosexuality. The bishops from various dioceses, including Birmingham, Bristol, Exeter, London, and St. Albans, along with Lords Devlin, Brain, and Robbins, noted that a substantial majority of national newspapers had consistently supported these reforms. Furthermore, political backing came from the Liberal Party Council, along with support from individuals and factions within both the Labour and Conservative parties. The signatories of the letter pointed out that many British churches, numerous humanists, penal reform advocates, experts in criminology, judges, and various health professionals had also voiced their support for the proposed legislative change. They expressed hope that the Government would now acknowledge the pressing need for reform and take action to introduce relevant legislation. On the following day, a resolution to bring attention to the Wolfenden committee's recommendations was expected to be put forth in the House of Lords by the Earl of Arran, marking a potential step forward in the ongoing discussion around the legal status of private homosexual behaviour in the UK.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650512_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650512.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-146491200
4252,17,05,1965,"Wolfenden Debate (Press, 17 May 1965)","On 12 May 1965, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Michael Ramsey, advocated for the legalisation of homosexual practices between consenting adult males during a debate in the House of Lords. He emphasised that while he believes homosexual acts, like fornication, are inherently wrong, there are varying degrees of culpability associated with these actions. Dr. Ramsey argued that the rationale for changing the law regarding sexual conduct between consenting adults in private is based on principles of reason and justice. His comments came in light of the recommendations from the Wolfenden Committee, which was established by the government to examine issues related to vice. The committee proposed several reforms to existing laws, suggesting that the legal restrictions on homosexual acts should be relaxed. They noted that under the current legal framework, individuals who identify as homosexual often face the threat of blackmail, which underscores the need for legal reform. In other news from Lyttelton, a 26-year-old seaman named Albert Clarence McMillan was fined £5 for using obscene language, as dealt with by Justices of the Peace D. Loader and R. H. Duff.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650517_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650517.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-146059200
4253,19,05,1965,"Homosexual Law Change Supported (Press, 19 May 1965)","On 18 May 1965, the Bishop of Auckland, the Rt. Rev. E. A. Gowing, voiced his support for the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Michael Ramsey, who had recently argued in the House of Lords for a reevaluation of the laws concerning homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. Bishop Gowing highlighted that the Archbishop maintained a belief that homosexual acts are inherently wrong, but he suggested that criminalising such acts may not be the most effective response to what he termed “transgressions of the law of God.” Bishop Gowing reiterated that Dr. Ramsey and his supporters felt that making consensual homosexual acts illegal was not a constructive solution. He cited a report from the Church of England Moral Welfare Council released in 1956, which had also examined the issue of laws regarding homosexuality. The report offered several reasons against criminalising homosexual acts between consenting adults. It pointed out inconsistencies in the law by noting that fornication and adultery are not subject to criminal penalties, thereby questioning the rationale for treating homosexuality as a criminal offence. Furthermore, Bishop Gowing remarked on the detrimental effects of the existing laws, stating that they were linked to increased rates of suicide and created vulnerabilities for individuals, who could be subjected to blackmail due to their sexual orientation. This statement from Bishop Gowing reflects a broader conversation within the church and society regarding the legal treatment of homosexuality and highlights a progressive stance emerging among some church leaders during a period when attitudes toward homosexuality were beginning to shift.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650519_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650519.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-145886400
4254,28,05,1965,"U.k. Morals Bill (Press, 28 May 1965)","On 27 May 1965, the House of Commons in Britain rejected a proposal aimed at legalising homosexual practices in private between consenting adults. Labour Member Mr Leo Abse put forward a private Bill to reform an antiquated law on homosexuality that had been in place for 600 years. However, the proposal faced a significant setback as it was defeated by a vote of 178 to 159. This decision means that the likelihood of the Bill becoming law in that parliamentary session has diminished considerably. The previous week, the House of Lords had agreed in principle to a similar Bill, which raised Mr Abse's hopes that the tide was turning in favour of reform. He expressed that the House of Lords' earlier vote signified a critical moment in the campaign for legal reform, suggesting that the existing criminal code, which is widely opposed by informed opinion, could not be maintained indefinitely. Opposition to the Bill was voiced by Conservative M.P. Sir Cyril Osborne, who argued that legalising homosexuality would be contrary to the public interest. He claimed that in recent security controversies, traitors and spies had predominantly been homosexuals, an assertion that reflects the prevailing social prejudices of the time. The outcome of the House of Commons vote highlights the significant social and political obstacles that proponents of reform faced in the 1960s, despite some momentum gained in the House of Lords. With the defeat of the Bill, the campaign for legalising homosexual acts between consenting adults encountered a daunting challenge in the political landscape of Britain, prolonging the uncertainty surrounding homosexual rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650528_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650528.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-145108800
4255,08,06,1965,"""Homosexual Influence In Fashion Designing"" (Press, 8 June 1965)","Miss Avice Bowbyes, a lecturer in clothing and costume design at the Home Economics College, University of Guelph, Ontario, expressed concerns regarding the current influence of homosexual designers on fashion. Speaking in Christchurch on 8 June 1965, she claimed that this influence tends to mock the female figure, citing examples such as topless swimsuits, tight trousers, and very short skirts. Bowbyes remarked that when a civil society is unwell, its ailments manifest in the arts, suggesting that the prevalence of homosexual perspectives in fashion contributes to its issues. She noted that many French women with discerning taste were also displeased with the recent trends in fashion, especially the American focus on sexualised styles. Bowbyes highlighted that skirts above the knee disrupted the proportions and balance of women's silhouettes. She avoided predicting a return to longer skirts but expressed a desire for women to assert their preferences for sensible fashion choices. Bowbyes elaborated on the role of fashion journalists, stating that their selections from fashion collections often prioritise the bizarre to generate news. She referenced moments of shock, like pictures of Paris mannequins with shaved heads, which gained initial attention but ultimately faded in impact. Despite this, it was the extreme fashions that were spotlighted by reporters lacking a firm grasp of true fashion principles. With a background in fashion, Bowbyes followed a traditional path: attending Christchurch Girls' High School, obtaining a diploma from the University of Otago, and later post-graduate degrees at Columbia University, New York. Her career included time as head of the clothing department in Dunedin, and she is currently engaged in teaching clothing and costume design at Guelph. Bowbyes will continue her work at the University of Guelph, which is undergoing significant expansion to accommodate a growing student body, aiming to increase from 33 to 70 buildings by 1970 and anticipating an enrolment of 6,000 students, eventually reaching 15,000 within a decade. Additionally, she mentioned that notable individuals from Christchurch, such as Dr. Kevin O’Connor and Dr. Rex Barrell, had also taken significant positions at the university.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650608_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650608.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-144158400
4256,19,07,1965,"Homosexual Acts (Press, 19 July 1965)","On 18 July 1965, the House of Lords in the United Kingdom made a significant amendment to a private bill aimed at legalising homosexual acts in private among consenting adults. The amendment explicitly excluded members of the armed forces from the protections offered by the bill, meaning that they could still face court-martial for charges of gross indecency. This change was made in response to concerns raised by Viscount Montgomery, who argued that legalising such acts for military personnel could negatively impact discipline within the forces. The revised bill reflects ongoing societal debates surrounding homosexuality and the legal treatment of such relationships at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650719_2_151.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650719.2.151,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-140616000
6553,31,07,1965,"Court Scandals (Press, 31 July 1965)","The book ""Count Grammont at the Court of Charles II,"" translated and edited by Nicholas Deakin, presents a narrative based on the memoirs of Anthony Hamilton, the brother-in-law of the Count. These memoirs, originally in French, provide a ""chroniques scandaleuse"" view into the notorious court life during Charles II's reign, which is well-known for its royal escapades, particularly those related to dalliances with women. However, readers seeking fresh insights into this heavily documented era may find themselves disappointed. The memoirs touch upon notable characters, such as Francis Stuart, who journeyed from France with hopes of captivating the King. Her efforts seem to have been founded on maintaining her virtue against Charles's relentless advances. After marrying the Duke of Richmond, she is quoted to have exhibited even more agreeable behaviour post-marriage—a testament to her cunning and complexity beyond Hamilton's portrayal. The narrative explores the lack of restraint at court, especially regarding the Maids of Honour, who were often subject to the advances of their superiors' husbands, with some remarkably resisting those advances. Count Grammont, once exiled by Louis XIV due to his romantic pursuits, eventually married Elizabeth Hamilton, although he reverted to his old ways shortly after their return to France. The book includes various scandalous anecdotes, though few hold significant weight. One interesting figure mentioned is Miss Hobart, a Maid of Honour, known for being the only lesbian in the otherwise heterosexual court environment, leading to potentially awkward situations. The author juxtaposes the frivolity of court life with the serious and sympathetic portrayal of Charles II's Queen, who endeavoured to accommodate her husband's numerous infidelities to maintain their relationship. Despite her efforts, the text suggests that her lack of beauty and wit compared to Charles's various mistresses ultimately doomed any hope for his fidelity. Spanning only two years (1661-1663) during a less eventful period of Charles II’s reign, the book offers character sketches of significant figures such as Lord Arlington and Lord Clarendon, providing context beyond mere scandal. The biographical notes included at the end enhance the understanding of key personalities of the time. In summary, while the book may not reveal groundbreaking information about Charles II's court, it does offer a compilation of entertaining and scandalous anecdotes, alongside glimpses into the lives of its prominent players, all framed within the context of the cultural and social norms of the mid-seventeenth century.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650731_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650731.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-139579200
7418,14,08,1965,"Two Innocents Abroad (Press, 14 August 1965)","In the book ""We Never Meant to Go So Far"" by Mavis Ronson, published in 1965, the author recounts the adventurous journey of two 19-year-old girls from London who embarked on what was initially intended to be a short holiday in 1955. Unexpectedly, their trip extended over five years, during which they explored nearly every country and significant island across both the Near and Far East. As the girls travelled, they evolved from naïve tourists into seasoned Foreign Correspondents, yet they maintained a sense of optimistic innocence that served them well throughout their travels. Their exploits included investigating the opium trade in the Shan States, despite the activity being strictly forbidden, demonstrating their audacity and determination. They faced real danger, finding themselves caught in an ambush in Indonesia and amidst riots in Calcutta. The narrative is filled with vivid accounts of their encounters with prominent political figures, such as Chou En-Lai, Nehru, the Dalai Lama, and President Sukarno, often finding themselves in close proximity to these influential leaders during significant events. The girls’ adventures are accompanied by a collection of 24 photographs taken by the author, enriching the story with a visual element. The book, comprising 160 pages, offers a spirited and fresh perspective on their extraordinary journey and the diverse experiences that shaped them during their five years abroad. It is available for purchase at the Presbyterian Book Shop in Christchurch for a price of 31 shillings, with an additional postage charge of 9 pence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19650814_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19650814.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-138369600
4257,06,11,1965,"An Underworld From Within (Press, 6 November 1965)","The Thief Journal, authored by Jean Genet and reviewed by Anthony Bond, offers an insightful glimpse into the life of a man who identifies as both a thief and a homosexual. Initially published in France in 1949, the work immerses readers in a distinctive and vibrant world populated by thieves, sex workers, beggars, and homosexuals, presenting a reality that is both larger than life and laden with significance. Jean Genet was born in Paris in 1910 as an illegitimate child and spent some of his early years under the care of the national agency for foundlings, ""Assistance Publique."" His journey into criminality began at the tender age of 10 when he was placed in a reformatory for theft. Over the next three decades, Genet traversed the criminal and homosexual underbelly of Europe, accumulating a series of prison sentences across various countries due to his persistent engagement in theft, culminating in ten convictions in France alone. His severe sentence of life imprisonment was notably abated after appeals by prominent French artists and writers, leading to a pardon from President Auriol. He now lives a life marked by periods of freedom, although he remains tied to his past. In his journal, Genet delves into themes of betrayal, theft, and homosexuality, presenting a narrative that might clash with conventional morals and standards. However, rather than merely recounting his experiences, he elevates the context of his existence into an art form, crafting a love letter to a lifestyle that is often marginalized or condemned. Through his eyes, the underworld is transformed from a space of grimness and despair into one of profound beauty and meaning. Bond notes that while the work may not resonate with those holding conservative or conventional views, it challenges readers to reconsider their perceptions of the world. The squalor that appears bleak from an external viewpoint refracts into a varied tapestry of life when seen from Genet's lens. Ultimately, The Thief Journal becomes a celebration of a culture that, while unconventional, is rich in emotion, lyricism, and depth.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19651106_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19651106.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-131112000
4258,12,11,1965,"Homosexuality Bill (Press, 12 November 1965)","On 11 November 1965, the Earl of Arran renewed efforts to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private within the UK Parliament. His previous initiative had successfully passed through the House of Lords the previous month, but due to time constraints, it could not be submitted to the House of Commons before the end of the session, resulting in the bill being automatically dismissed. The Earl's latest attempt reflects an ongoing campaign for reform in laws related to homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19651112_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19651112.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-130593600
4259,08,12,1965,"Grimond Supports Homosexuality Bill (Press, 8 December 1965)","On 6 December 1965, it was reported that Mr Jo Grimond, leader of the Liberal Party, would sponsor a private member’s bill in the House of Commons aimed at changing laws regarding homosexuality. This initiative follows the recommendations set out in the Wolfenden report, which suggested that homosexual behaviour between consenting adults should no longer be criminalised. The bill, introduced by Mr William Berkeley, is scheduled for its second reading on 11 February 1966. Mr Grimond is supporting this bill in his personal capacity rather than as an official representative of his party. His endorsement adds to a list of notable signatories, which includes three former government ministers and three members aligned with Mr Edward Heath’s front-bench team on the Opposition side. Prior to this, a similar proposal had been presented by Mr Leo Abse in May 1965 but was defeated by a narrow margin of 19 votes. Abse's initiative had garnered 178 votes against 159 in its bid for approval. Another bill concerning homosexuality, introduced by Lord Arran, had passed through the House of Lords but was rendered inactive when the new session began, as it had not been approved by both Houses of Parliament. Lord Arran is expected to await the results of the upcoming Commons debate on Grimond’s bill before proceeding with another attempt to amend the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19651208_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19651208.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-128347200
4260,18,12,1965,"Hans Christian Andersen (Press, 18 December 1965)","The biography ""The Wil* Swan"" by Monica Stirling focuses on the life of Hans Christian Andersen, the renowned Danish author who died in 1875 at the age of 70. The author highlights Andersen's lasting legacy, noting that even a century after his death, his grave is constantly adorned with flowers, his stories remain in print, his childhood home in Odense attracts numerous visitors, and children worldwide continue to discover his works. Stirling paints a vivid picture of Andersen's early life, which was marked by poverty and a troubled family background. Born to parents who faced the stigma of illegitimacy, Andersen's upbringing was further complicated by his father's near madness and his obsession with Napoleon. From a young age, Andersen displayed signs of artistic ambition, yearning for a career on stage despite the limited prospects for someone of his social standing. At 14, he moved to Copenhagen to pursue his dreams. Andersen initially struggled to survive but eventually garnered the support of Jonas Collin, a civil servant who took an interest in him and persuaded King Frederik VI to sponsor Andersen’s education. Despite enduring harsh treatment from his schoolmaster, Andersen's fortunes began to change as he entered Copenhagen University and published his first book of poetry in 1830. Andersen's literary career blossomed, producing an impressive body of work that included poems, plays, novels, and eventually, fairy tales—his most notable contributions, although they were not immediately recognised for their value in Denmark. Throughout his life, Andersen experienced unrequited love for four women, with his affection for Jenny Lind, the famed Swedish singer, being particularly significant. However, his reticence and unconventional appearance hampered his romantic aspirations. The book delves into Andersen’s interactions with various prominent figures of his time, including the Grimm brothers and Charles Dickens, highlighting the impact these relationships had on his life and work. Stirling's biography also provides insight into Andersen's struggles with his mental health and the enduring shadows of his past, culminating in a profound acknowledgment of Andersen's influence as a revered national figure in Denmark. Ultimately, it showcases how he overcame personal challenges and societal obstacles, affirming that his creative legacy will endure long into the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19651218_2_33_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19651218.2.33.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-127483200
6850,01,02,1966,"No Offence For Man To Dress As Woman (Press, 1 February 1966)","On 31 January 1966, New Zealand law was discussed in relation to male cross-dressing following a case involving Trevor David Rupe, a 29-year-old female impersonator. Rupe, who was performing at a night-club, was charged with behaving in an offensive manner for wearing a black frock, black silk stockings, and high-heeled shoes while standing outside the club. After accepting a lift from a visitor to Auckland, the police stopped the car due to an illegal turn. It was during this encounter that the police recognised Rupe and informed the driver that his companion was male, leading to the latter's shock. During the hearing, Mr F. McCarthy, S.M., stated that New Zealand law does not prohibit men from wearing female clothing. He delivered this statement while dismissing the charges against Rupe. McCarthy noted that after thorough research, he found no legal grounds to declare that it was unlawful for males to dress in female attire, provided the individual did not do so with criminal intent or disguised themselves unlawfully at night. The Magistrate further explained that for Rupe to be convicted, it must be proven that his actions were deliberately intended to provoke resentment or disgust among the general public. He pointed out that Rupe could have reasonably believed that the driver, as a potential patron of the nightclub, might have recognised him as a performer. Therefore, McCarthy decided to give Rupe the benefit of the doubt and dismissed the case. This judgment highlighted an emerging conversation about gender identity and dress in New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660201_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660201.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-123595200
4261,02,02,1966,"Legality Opposed (Press, 2 February 1966)","On 1 February 1966, in a Supreme Court session in Auckland, Mr Justice Hardie Boys addressed the issue of homosexual acts between consenting adult males during discussions about recent criminal indictments. He noted that out of 23 indictments presented that day, six were related to alleged homosexual offences. Justice Hardie Boys strongly expressed his belief that the argument for legalising such acts on the basis that they are personal matters is misguided. He pointed out that if these charges are upheld, the individuals involved are not only harming themselves but also potentially victimising younger individuals, as the ages of those affected ranged from 13 to 17 years old, with one case involving an adult. His comments suggested a significant concern regarding the prevalence of these offences in certain areas of the city, labelled as ""hunting grounds"" for offenders. He cautioned parents of teenagers to be vigilant and to prevent their children from visiting these locations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660202_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660202.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-123508800
4262,09,02,1966,"Homosexual Law Reform Plea (Press, 9 February 1966)","On 8 February 1966, five hundred influential figures from Britain, including church leaders, submitted a petition to Prime Minister Harold Wilson, advocating for the reform of laws governing homosexual behaviour in the country. This petition was initiated by the Homosexual Law Reform Society and called for the prompt enactment of recommendations made by the Wolfenden Committee in September 1957, which suggested that consensual homosexual acts between adults should no longer be considered a criminal offence. The timing of the petition was significant as it came just four days before a scheduled debate in the House of Commons on a proposed all-party bill intended to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adults. A similar bill had previously been advanced in the House of Lords by the Earl of Arran but was rendered ineffective when the session concluded before it could be brought before the Commons. Notable signatories of the petition included 31 clergymen, among them the Archbishop of York, as well as former British Prime Minister Earl Attlee and celebrated novelist Graham Greene. This movement reflected a growing public and political will to reform laws viewed as outdated and discriminatory towards homosexuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660209_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660209.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-122904000
4263,05,03,1966,"Man For Trial On Attempted Murder Charge (Press, 5 March 1966)","The hearing for a charge of attempted murder against Keith Charles Johns, 23, chief steward of the Wellington vessel Durango, resumed in the Magistrate's Court on 4 March 1966. Johns is accused of shooting 20-year-old Anthony Thomas McGuire, an assistant steward, in the stomach in a cabin on board the ship early on 4 February 1966, shortly after the vessel left Wellington for Panama. Johns has pleaded not guilty and is set to be tried in the Supreme Court, with Mr M. A. Bungay representing him and Detective Inspector K. J. Hamilton prosecuting. During the hearing, McGuire provided a detailed account of the events leading up to the shooting. He stated that after dinner on 3 February, he spent time on deck before returning to his cabin with his room-mate, Eddie Grahams, where they had coffee and went to bed around 11 p.m. McGuire clarified that he had not been drinking that evening. He was later awakened by Johns, who invited him to join him for a drink in his cabin, which McGuire accepted, feeling uncertain at first. Once inside the cabin, McGuire noticed another crew member, Forester, asleep in bed. Johns woke Forester and instructed him to leave before opening two cans of beer. Throughout this time, Johns remained restless, repeatedly exiting and shutting the door. McGuire claimed that Johns complimented him but also made remarks about other stewards. As McGuire was getting up from the chair, Johns unexpectedly shot him. He described the incident as so sudden that he hardly realised what had happened. Following the shooting, McGuire fell to his knees from the pain, and Forester assisted him by moving him to a different cabin to avoid making a mess on the couch. McGuire recalled overhearing Forester discussing creating a false narrative that he had attacked them during a card game. He also mentioned seeing something in Johns' belt, which he thought might have been a starter's pistol. In cross-examination, McGuire revealed that Johns had previously aided him in difficult situations and denied any reasons Johns might have had for shooting him, defending his sexual orientation by stating he was engaged to a young lady in America. He also indicated that Johns had been reprimanding him for being late to work. During the proceedings, Sergeant James Stuart Cromie, a ballistics officer, testified that the ammunition found in the cabin matched test shells from Johns' pistol. The bullet that struck McGuire was later discovered lodged in a birthday cake and was identified to be identical to test bullets fired from the same weapon. Dr. Leo James Walker, a visiting surgeon at Wellington Hospital, elaborated on McGuire's injuries, which included severe internal bleeding due to a puncture wound and damage to his intestines and a major vein. Following surgery and a blood transfusion, McGuire made a recovery, although the bullet remained in his pelvis due to the risks associated with its removal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660305_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660305.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-120830400
4264,30,03,1966,"Prison ‘‘worst Possible Place” For... (Press, 30 March 1966)","The Rev. M. Durning, addressing the Christchurch Toastmasters’ Club, expressed his belief that sending homosexuals to prison is detrimental to their rehabilitation. Durning, a teacher at St. Bede’s College and a former chaplain with over a decade of service in New Zealand prisons, stated that a “half-way house” is essential for rehabilitating homosexual offenders. His experience as a chaplain, particularly at Witako Prison for first offenders, led him to conclude that the majority of those incarcerated for homosexual behaviour are psychological misfits rather than biologically predisposed individuals. He asserted that 80 per cent of homosexuals might be affected by their relationships with their mothers and noted that some of history's most influential figures were homosexuals. Durning argued that a homosexual person is unlikely to change their orientation; instead, they must focus on personal discipline and self-control to successfully integrate into society. He highlighted the challenges these individuals face, especially in a male-dominated prison environment, which could exacerbate their difficulties. Durning urged the Toastmasters’ members to offer support and charity to rehabilitate former prisoners, as many become bitter and disillusioned after their release. He pointed out that society often neglects the struggles of these individuals, making it imperative for communities to provide encouragement and friendship to prevent recidivism. He also remarked on the often-misunderstood plight of borstal boys, noting that a lack of love and understanding frequently contributes to their situations. Durning believed that the potential of today’s youth should inspire hope and respect for their inherent worth. Having encountered a wide range of prisoners during his time as a chaplain, he noted their diversity in intelligence and behaviour, finding commonality in their humanity. Durning recalled a positive experience with a prison debating team, which showcased the inmates' intellectual capacity, indicating that even those in prison possess talents and abilities that can be nurtured.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660330_2_175.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660330.2.175,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-118670400
4265,02,04,1966,"Problem People (Press, 2 April 1966)","The review discusses two books, ""Murderers Sane and Mad"" by Miriam Allen de Ford and ""Heart Disease and Common Sense"" by Rex Townley. ""Murderers Sane and Mad,"" published by Abelard Schuman, delves into the psychology of murderers, analysing various cases, including the notorious murders committed by Leopold and Loeb in 1924 and John Christie in London. Allen de Ford maintains an objective stance while exploring how trivialised human conditions can lead ordinary individuals to commit horrific acts. The author highlights that many of these murders can be linked to the failings of negligent or uneducated parents. For instance, Hjalmar Groneman murdered his elderly wife for financial reasons, while the case of Roman Rodriguez illustrates a murder stemming from vanity and societal pressures. He violently killed an ugly friend of his girlfriend after feeling affronted by her advances. Leopold and Loeb, from affluent backgrounds, are portrayed as products of their environment, with their relationship leading them to mastermind the murder of a schoolboy, a crime they referred to as ""the perfect crime"". Other cases discussed involve William Hierans, whose disturbed sexual inclinations led him to commit burglaries and murders, and Francis Ballem, whose intellectual arrogance and maternal overindulgence culminated in him murdering a harmless drunk. Louise Peete, a strikingly intelligent woman, stands out as one of the few female criminals executed in America, showcasing a chilling disregard for humanity. The book ultimately serves as a probing examination of the complexities of criminal behaviour and the factors contributing to the moral disengagement of individuals capable of extreme violence. In contrast, Rex Townley's ""Heart Disease and Common Sense,"" published by Angus and Robertson, addresses life after experiencing a heart attack. Drawing from his insights over six years post-attack, Townley offers advice on recognising warning signs, maintaining a heart-healthy diet, and living a fulfilling life despite the health scare. His aim is to alleviate the anxieties faced by coronary survivors and to propose preventative measures that could help others avoid similar experiences. Overall, the two books present significantly different themes, with one focusing on the darkest facets of human psychology and morality, while the other provides practical guidance for health and wellbeing after a serious medical event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660402_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660402.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-118411200
4266,30,04,1966,"The Man-woman Chevalier D’eon (Press, 30 April 1966)","Cynthia Cox's book, ""The Enigma of the Age,"" explores the life of one of the 18th century's most eccentric figures, the Chevalier d’Eon. Born in 1728 in Burgundy, d’Eon was a small-statured man with a high-pitched voice and exceptional intelligence, as well as skills in fencing. His unusual proclivity for dressing as a woman played a significant role in both his rise and fall as a diplomat and spy for King Louis XV of France. D’Eon’s notable emergence in historical records occurred when he travelled to Russia disguising himself as a young woman, accompanied by the Chevalier Douglas. Their mission aimed to secure the support of Empress Elizabeth during a time when France faced difficulties in European politics. D’Eon successfully formed a bond with the Empress, which was pivotal for France's diplomatic efforts. His successful espionage allowed him to ascend within Louis XV's select ""Secret"" organisation, responsible for tracking political movements across Europe. After gaining further credentials and responsibilities, including a commission in the Autichamp Dragoons during the Seven Years’ War, d’Eon's fortunes began to wane. A humiliating Peace Treaty in 1762 led to his reassignment as Minister Plenipotentiary to England, where he struggled financially. His lavish lifestyle and debts led to the deterioration of his reputation and relations with influential French officials. Subsequently, d’Eon confronted challenges from the newly appointed French Ambassador, the Comte de Guerchy, igniting a feud that highlighted his erratic behaviour. Despite being viewed as a nuisance, d’Eon's retainment was essential due to his knowledge of sensitive political matters. He later received a pension to continue as an informant, though his contentious nature continued to alienate him from key figures. The arrival of Beaumarchais in London in 1775 proved to be the turning point for d’Eon. Beaumarchais exploited d’Eon’s reputation to fuel speculation concerning his gender, leading d’Eon into an uncomfortable position where he was pressured to publicly embrace a feminine identity—becoming the ""Chevaliere d’Eon"" in the process. D’Eon capitulated to these demands, adopting women's clothing for the next 20 years, which marked a significant decline in his social standing and financial stability. By 1785, d’Eon returned to London, but the onset of the French Revolution stripped him of his meagre pension. He eventually passed away at 82, having been sustained by friends after losing his independence due to an accident that hindered his ability to give fencing lessons. A post-mortem examination confirmed his male identity, negating the long-held speculation about his gender. Cox's detailed biography is enriched with ample references, providing a comprehensive portrayal of d’Eon, portraying him as a deeply controversial and multifaceted character whose life reflected the complexities of gender, politics, and personal identity within his tumultuous era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660430_2_55_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660430.2.55.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-115992000
4267,03,05,1966,"Brady Says He Fought Evans (Press, 3 May 1966)","In a significant development in the moors murder trial, lan Brady, aged 28, took the stand on 2 May 1966 to give evidence in his own defence. He stands accused of multiple charges but denies any wrongdoing. During his testimony, Brady admitted to striking 17-year-old Edward Evans with an axe. He described the incident as a result of a confrontation that occurred when he invited Evans to his home. According to Brady, the conflict escalated after Evans accused him of being a homosexual and demanded money. He claimed, ""The axe just bounced off his head,"" and recounted hitting Evans a second time while the victim's cries became increasingly frantic. Brady's partner, Myra Hindley, aged 23, is also facing charges but maintains her innocence alongside Brady. The pair are implicated in a series of serious crimes, which have captured public attention. Brady specifically referenced David Smith, the prosecution's key witness and Hindley's brother-in-law, alleging that Smith brought 10-year-old Lesley Downey to their home, suggesting she would be involved in posing for pornographic photographs. Brady recalled that when Downey began to scream, he acted to silence her by stuffing a handkerchief in her mouth, taking photographs, and leaving a tape recorder running. He claimed that Smith later left with Downey, indicating that he had no prior knowledge of her fate. Additionally, Brady stated he had no information regarding the disappearance or death of 12-year-old John Kilbride, another victim linked to the case. The courtroom was filled with onlookers as Brady presented his account, which marked a pivotal moment in the ongoing trial, raising further questions about the events surrounding the accusations against him and Hindley. The outcomes of the trial remain closely followed by the public, reflecting the serious nature and gravity of the charges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660503_2_179.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660503.2.179,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-115732800
4268,04,05,1966,"Chief Steward Faces Charge Of Attempted Murder (Press, 4 May 1966)","The trial of 23-year-old Keith Charles Johns, chief steward of the Durango, commenced in the Supreme Court on 4 May 1966, concerning the attempted murder of his assistant steward, Anthony McGuire, on 4 February. Johns faces charges of attempted murder and, alternatively, the intent to cause grievous bodily harm through the discharge of a firearm. Chief Justice Sir Richard Wild presided over the case. The trial opened with the Crown's case presented by Mr W. R. Birks, who outlined the events leading to the shooting. That evening, the Durango departed from Wellington with a few passengers, including Sir Walter Nash, who was celebrated with a farewell party. Throughout the evening, Johns was seen entering and exiting the cabin across from his own, where Forrester, another steward, observed Johns with a small gun in a holster. At one point, Johns pulled out the gun and fired a shot into a locker, which struck a birthday cake intended for Sir Walter Nash. Later, despite being warned about the gun, a steward returned it to Johns after he reassured them he would not harm McGuire. Shortly after, Johns allegedly shot McGuire and boasted about it to the second officer aboard. The officer did not initially believe him, but upon investigation, it was discovered that McGuire was wounded in the abdomen. The captain, upon confirming the presence of a live cartridge in the gun and several more in the magazine, decided to return the ship to Wellington. Gordon Stephen Joseph Forrester, a 17-year-old steward’s boy who had been working on the Durango, testified that he had not participated in the earlier festivities and later entered Johns's cabin to assist with some book work. He recounted being awakened by Johns, who was then in the company of McGuire. Forrester noted that Johns sent him away and shortly thereafter, he heard a shot and found McGuire injured, with Johns standing nearby holding the gun. Anthony Thomas McGuire, the victim, testified that he had gone to bed early and was later awakened by Johns who invited him for a drink. Although hesitant, he felt compelled to accept. After Forrester was instructed to leave, Johns repeatedly entered and exited the cabin before ultimately shooting McGuire in the abdomen. Following the shooting, he claimed that stewards conspired to fabricate a story about the incident. The evidence from both Forrester and McGuire presented a complicated web of relationships and events, including potential underlying tensions. McGuire, who claimed to have no reason for Johns to wish him harm, recalled a reprimand he had received from Johns shortly before the incident. The trial continues to unfold, with further testimonies expected to shed light on the motives and circumstances surrounding the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660504_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660504.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-115646400
4269,05,05,1966,"Steward Acquitted On Both Charges (Press, 5 May 1966)","On 5 May 1966, it was reported that Keith Charles Johns, aged 23 and the former chief steward of the cargo and passenger vessel Durango, was acquitted by a jury of attempted murder charges. The trial lasted two days, followed by more than four hours of jury deliberation. Johns faced accusations stemming from a shooting incident that occurred on 3 February 1966, when the Durango was travelling 60 miles off the coast of Wellington en route to the United Kingdom. During the incident, another crew member, Anthony McGuire, suffered a gunshot wound to the abdomen. The Chief Justice, Sir Richard Wild, oversaw the proceedings and ultimately discharged Johns after the jury's not guilty verdict. In his closing arguments, Crown Prosecutor Mr W. R. Birks contended that eyewitness testimony supported the charges against Johns, despite his own claims that these accounts were fabricated. Defence counsel Mr. M. A. Bungay argued that the Crown failed to establish a clear motive for the shooting and pointed out that if Johns had intended to harm McGuire, his aim was surprisingly accurate considering he had been drinking. The Chief Justice elaborated on the legal requirements for sustaining charges of attempted murder, specifically addressing the necessity of proving intent to kill, which he suggested was absent in this case. Although it was acknowledged that Johns fired the gun, questions remained regarding his intentions. The Chief Justice invited the jury to reflect on why Johns had not described the incident as an accident initially. Testimonies were given by police detectives who had boarded the Durango and found an automatic pistol with ammunition in Johns's cabin, along with a spent cartridge. Johns recounted that he had been in his cabin with some stewards when McGuire abruptly entered, leading him to pick up the gun in a moment of fear, intending merely to scare McGuire, with the weapon accidentally discharging. Johns claimed he had been drinking but was not excessively intoxicated. He described McGuire as a neurotic individual who had harboured animosity towards him, claiming that McGuire had previously attempted to hire someone to assault him. In response to the allegations against him, Johns asserted his innocence regarding accusations of sexual relationships with crew members, including a young steward, and denied having any history of targeting McGuire. The jury's acquittal thus cleared him of all charges related to the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660505_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660505.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-115560000
4270,12,05,1966,"Lords In Favour (Press, 12 May 1966)","On 11 May 1966, the House of Lords in the United Kingdom voted in favour of a private bill aimed at legalising homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. The vote concluded with 70 in favour and 29 against. This decision marks a significant step towards easing the legal concerns faced by an estimated 500,000 to one million individuals who could have been prosecuted under existing laws. The bill received a second reading, indicating agreement in principle, but still requires further debate and approval through detailed line-by-line consideration in both the House of Lords and the House of Commons before it can become law. Previous attempts to pass similar legislation have been thwarted, notably by the dissolution of Parliament following the General Election in March of the same year. Interestingly, the Labour Government has maintained a neutral stance on this divisive issue, allowing the bill to be debated as a private matter rather than a government-led initiative. This vote is seen as a crucial development in the ongoing discourse about the decriminalisation of homosexuality in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660512_2_143.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660512.2.143,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-114955200
4271,28,05,1966,"A Vision Of The Life Infernal (Press, 28 May 1966)","""Miracle of the Rose,"" a work by Jean Genet, has emerged as an important piece in contemporary literature, particularly in its exploration of criminal and prison life. This third volume by Genet, published by a London publisher, delves into the complex and often violent world of prison, which the inmates refer to as “the colony.” Within this environment, emotions run high, and love and hate manifest dramatically, with homosexual behaviour often considered the norm. The narrator, who embodies the spirit of an artist, presents prison not merely as a place of confinement but as a unique world that can be both more real and satisfying than life outside its walls. He describes the prison life under a ""stern gaze,"" likening it to a village overshadowed by a formidable feudal castle. Through his lyrical prose, Genet romanticises what many would perceive as hell, suggesting that beneath the surface of chaos, there might reside beauty and comfort even in desolation. Readers are prompted to reflect on whether Genet's portrayal is a twisted allure that romanticises a grim reality or if it offers a legitimate reinterpretation of life often deemed devoid of moral or spiritual significance. This contemplation raises broader questions about self-deception and the human tendency to engage with artistic representations of experiences they might otherwise avoid in real life. Genet’s style is poetic, creating an enchanting narrative that resonates even in translation. His ability to weave beautiful language into depictions of horror elevates the text to what can be seen as a ""miracle""—finding the rose among thorns. The author’s contemporary peers, such as the decadent writers of the previous century, appear timid in comparison, with only Rimbaud posing a challenge to Genet’s unique perspective. Ultimately, ""Miracle of the Rose"" leaves a profound impact on its readers, providing them with an unforgettable insight into the infernal aspects of life through Genet’s extraordinary lens, compelling them to grapple with the complexities and contradictions inherent in his vision of existence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660528_2_38_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660528.2.38.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-113572800
6554,18,06,1966,"New Fiction (Press, 18 June 1966)","The book reviews published on 18 June 1966 cover a range of titles, highlighting various themes and styles. The first review discusses ""Mr Bratbe's August Picnic"" by Jacqueline Wheldon, which revolves around the lives of Mrs Hytha Bratbe, a wealthy and busy mother, her lover Doddley, and her intelligent daughter Alexandra. Alexandra faces challenges, including expulsion from school and a bizarre attack on a priest, leading her to co-found an unusual club that recites Greek philosophy. The story culminates in the annual August Picnic, exposing the struggles and interactions among characters at Mrs Bratbe's Sussex estate. Ultimately, by age twenty, Alexandra achieves a sense of peace despite her tumultuous life. The reviewer praises Wheldon's versatility, noting minor flaws in her writing. Geoff Brown's debut novel, ""I Want What I Want,"" is described as an ""astonishing tour-de-force"" that explores themes of transvestitism through the character of Roy Clark. His struggles with identity and obsession lead him to seek a transformation into a woman, only to face disappointment and eventual tragedy. The reviewer finds Brown's portrayal convincing and looks forward to future works. Brooke Astor’s ""The Blue Bird Is At Home"" is characterised as a witty commentary on social and moral issues between the wars. The story follows Jane Stowe, who, after marrying Jim Allstead, discovers that her lack of sexual desire significantly impacts their relationship. Jim's infidelity and Jane's pursuit of ""father figures"" create a complex dynamic, resolved through social conflict. The light-hearted tone is recognised as a counterbalance to the story’s improbable elements. In ""The Bloody Wood"" by Michael Innes, an intricate thriller is set around the inheritance complications of Charne, an English stately home. The narrative explores the Martineau family dynamics, especially after Mrs Martineau's suspicious death. The resulting investigation incorporates a range of characters and red herrings, with Innes's trademark wit enhancing the story, despite a somewhat contrived resolution. Finally, Terence Kelly's ""The Genki Boys"" describes life in a Japanese prisoner-of-war camp, focusing on the monotony and daily struggles of the captives. The review criticises the lack of tension and depth in character exploration, asserting that the novel becomes tedious rather than providing insights into the psychological impacts of hardship. Overall, these reviews depict a diverse array of literary works, each exploring different facets of human experience, perception of identity, and social commentary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660618_2_38_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660618.2.38.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-111758400
4272,22,06,1966,"Homosexual Law Reform Supported (Press, 22 June 1966)","On 21 June 1966, the clergy/doctor committee of the Anglican Synod in Auckland proposed significant reforms concerning homosexuality, advocating for the legalisation of consensual homosexual acts among adults. This recommendation emerged after extensive study by the committee, which also called for a revision of the current penal system addressing homosexual offenders. The Bishop of Auckland, the Rt. Rev. A. E. Gowing, conveyed these recommendations to the Synod, emphasising that while the Church maintains its condemnation of homosexuality as sin, incarceration is not a suitable response. He articulated the necessity of finding more constructive ways to assist those deemed sinners, stating, “The urgent question is: How best can the sinner be helped?” He reiterated that the recommendations should not be viewed as a compromise on the Church’s moral position. In a related context, Bishop Gowing addressed broader societal issues in his speech to the Synod. He expressed concern about the rise of striptease clubs, linking their existence to the exploitation of sexual themes, and highlighted an alarming increase in venereal diseases and rates of illegitimacy within the community. Addressing the need for stricter regulations, he called for greater protections for younger audiences under 21 from such establishments. He reported a significant one-third increase in venereal disease cases in Auckland over the previous year, noting that the incidence among individuals under 20 had substantially escalated, more than doubling over three years. Bishop Gowing urged the community to better educate young people about the dangers of promiscuity, emphasising the Christian view that sexual intercourse is intended as a sacred expression of unity solely within marriage. He also reflected on the unsatisfactory statistic regarding illegitimate births, which stood at one in nine births, not accounting for those who had undergone abortions, describing it as indicative of a broader malaise affecting societal and sexual dynamics. He called on society to support unmarried mothers and encourage adherence to the highest moral standards. Overall, the Synod highlighted a complex interplay of moral, social, and health concerns, with a focus on reforming both attitudes and legal frameworks surrounding these pressing issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660622_2_144.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660622.2.144,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-111412800
7714,07,07,1966,"Homosexuality Bill Likely To Pass (Press, 7 July 1966)","On 6 July 1966, the House of Commons in London voted overwhelmingly in favour of a bill to legalise homosexuality between consenting male adults in private, with a vote tally of 244 to 100. This significant support suggests a strong likelihood that the bill will pass successfully. A similar bill had previously been approved by the Commons in February 1966, but it failed to reach final reading due to the House's adjournment for the General Election. The House of Lords has already passed a comparable bill. The proposed legislation will not apply to women, as lesbian relationships have never been illegal in modern Britain. The terms of the current bill were first advocated by the Wolfenden Report, which was commissioned by the government over a decade ago. The bill was sponsored by Labour member Mr Leo Abse, who has been a long-time advocate for this cause. In opposition, Conservative Sir Cyril Osborne argued against the bill, claiming it would damage discipline within the Armed Forces and degrade the nation's moral standards. His remarks were met with derision from members of the House. Observers noted that the substantial backing for reform indicated a strong possibility that the bill could become law within the next year. The government has taken a neutral stance on the issue and is open to allocating Parliamentary time for the bill should members express a desire to do so.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660707_2_149.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660707.2.149,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-110116800
4273,10,08,1966,"Homosexual Charge Against Ned Kelly Enrages Home... (Press, 10 August 1966)","On 9 August 1966, a controversy erupted in Jerilderie, Australia, following claims made by New Zealand-born author Sidney J. Baker that infamous bushranger Ned Kelly and his gang were homosexuals. Baker's assertions, to be published in his upcoming book ""The Australian Language,"" have sparked significant outrage in the town that holds Kelly in high esteem. Baker stated he found compelling evidence to support his claims, asserting that the gang was not composed of classic masculine heroes but rather a group that engaged in effeminate behaviour including wearing women's clothing, using perfume, and dancing with other men. Residents of Jerilderie, where the Kelly Gang famously held up the bank in 1878, expressed their disbelief and anger at Baker's characterisation of their local hero. The town’s shire council plans to discuss the matter at their next meeting, and local publican Mr ""Chicka"" Cully has called for the book to be banned, labelling the allegations as absurd. Baker, who began his research into the Kelly legend while exploring Australian idioms related to Kelly’s notoriety, claims that none of the gang members showed interest in women and once ransacked a cart for perfume. Jerilderie has historically honoured Kelly, incorporating his likeness into the shire’s coat of arms. The local secretary for the Returned Services League expressed outrage over Baker's comments, emphasising Kelly's status as a local icon, while other residents echoed similar sentiments, asserting pride in their connection to him. Baker, meanwhile, articulated that his findings were true based on extensive research, but this has done little to quell the strong local allegiance to Kelly. The discussion over Kelly's legacy and Baker’s claims is set to continue amid the growing controversy in the town.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660810_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660810.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-107179200
6851,13,08,1966,"The Little Chevalier (Press, 13 August 1966)","Edna Nixon's book ""Royal Spy,"" a biography of the 18th century figure Chevalier Charles D’Eon de Beaumont, presents a sympathetic portrayal of its subject, contrasting sharply with Cynthia Cox's earlier work, ""The Enigma of the Age,"" which depicted D’Eon as an annoying exhibitionist. Nixon takes a more nuanced view, particularly in discussing D’Eon's later years, characterising him as a tragic figure who fell victim to both circumstance and his own choices. D’Eon was born in 1738 in Burgundy to a lower noble family and displayed a penchant for wearing women's clothing from a young age. Despite his unusual habits, he was a skilled swordsman and known for his bravery. With the support of his patron, the Due de Conti, D’Eon impressively served the French King Louis XIV by undertaking diplomatic missions to Russia, dressed both as a woman and as her brother, aimed at securing Catherine the Great’s friendship for France. His contributions earned him military accolades and a position in a clandestine spy organisation known as ""the Secret."" However, D’Eon’s career took a pivotal turn when he was appointed as the French Minister Plenipotentiary in London, tasked with evaluating the feasibility of a French invasion of Britain. His popularity in London did not shield him from financial mismanagement, and conflict arose with the newly appointed French ambassador, the Comte de Guerchy. Their animosity led to a scandal that saw Guerchy employing underhanded tactics to undermine D’Eon, including efforts to have him discredited or even harmed. D’Eon’s increasingly defiant correspondence with his superiors and his financial woes escalated the tension, leading to a fallout that turned friends into adversaries. His predicament worsened when the English media began betting on his sex, prompting the French government to compel him into an undignified return to France. They offered him a pension and a pardon if he would live permanently as a woman—a condition he begrudgingly accepted, becoming known as Chevaliere D’Eon for two decades. After the French Revolution, D’Eon was allowed to return to London, where he spent his remaining years in poverty, reliant on the goodwill of friends and facing the loss of most of his possessions to pawnshops. Throughout her narrative, Nixon presents a balanced view of D’Eon, highlighting his pathos and the compulsive nature of his transvestism, even as he struggled with the forced femininity that defined his later years. Both Nixon and Cox conducted extensive research for their works, and the stark differences in their portrayals reflect the conflicting accounts of D’Eon's complex life and legacy. The book invites readers to reconsider the life of a figure whose gender identity and political life were intertwined in an era of rigid societal norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660813_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660813.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-106920000
4274,18,08,1966,"Calls For Inquiry Into N.s.w. Police Force (Press, 18 August 1966)","On 17 August 1966, a significant court ruling in Sydney highlighted severe concerns regarding the New South Wales Police Force. Judge Goran, presiding over the appeal of 18-year-old Michael Clifford Cathels, found that a police constable had committed perjury during the hearing of an indecency charge against Cathels. The judge characterised the constable's testimony as a ""patent lie,"" revealing that the officer's true intention in visiting a public lavatory was not merely to urinate but rather to act as a ""decoy and provocateur"" targeting individuals potentially engaging in homosexual activities. This judgement bolstered ongoing calls for an independent public inquiry into police methods, following a series of troubling incidents that have eroded public trust in law enforcement. Judge Goran expressed dismay over the actions of police officers, stating, “I think it a shocking thing that when a man’s liberty is at stake, a police officer should call upon his Maker to witness that he is about to tell the truth and then lie.” His comments formed part of a broader wave of dissatisfaction with the police, particularly in light of another recent case involving William Leonard Stinvics, which the Court of Appeal deemed a miscarriage of justice. In the Stinvics case, questions were raised about the credibility of the police’s evidence, with the judges noting the bizarre circumstances of the arrest, which involved multiple officers and an unequal physical struggle. Premier R. Askin assured that Stinvics would not be denied justice regardless of the implications for government officials. Further intensifying the scrutiny of the police force, the media and the public are calling for a comprehensive inquiry, even suggesting a Royal Commission, due to disturbing incidents involving alleged police misconduct. Notable cases include an acquittal based on a medical assessment that indicated a young man could not have made certain statements due to a severe speech defect, and the wrongful convictions of two men for murder due to procedural breaches during police interrogations. In light of Judge Goran’s ruling, Constable Brian Cedric Rowland was suspended from duty and pay pending an internal inquiry. The Commissioner of Police, Mr N. T. W. Allan, indicated that following the departmental review, a decision would be made regarding potential charges of false swearing or perjury against Rowland. Public sentiment regarding the police force has reached a crisis point, with calls for reform underscored by a recent editorial from the Sydney “Sunday Telegraph,” which argued for immediate action, claiming that a police force lacking public confidence is detrimental to the community, the rule of law, and the police themselves. The unfolding events continue to shine a light on systemic issues within the New South Wales Police Force, prompting demands for accountability and transparency in law enforcement practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19660818_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19660818.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-106488000
4275,03,10,1966,"Unaltered (Press, 3 October 1966)","On October 2, 1966, an all-party parliamentary committee in London reached a consensus that homosexual behaviour would remain a punishable offence within the Armed Services. This decision reflects the prevailing societal attitudes towards homosexuality during this period in the UK, where military regulations were influenced by traditional beliefs and norms regarding sexual conduct. The ruling indicates a reluctance to liberalise views on homosexuality in military settings, despite ongoing discussions and changing perspectives in wider society. The committee's decision is significant as it highlights the tension between individual rights and institutional regulations in the context of the Armed Forces.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661003_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661003.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-102513600
4276,08,10,1966,"Measures To Combat Venereal Disease Sought (Press, 8 October 1966)","The National Council of Women in New Zealand has expressed significant concern over the rising rates of venereal disease in the country. During a recent Dominion conference held in Dunedin, delegates decided to contact the Minister of Health, Mr. McKay, to advocate for the production of informative posters on the dangers of venereal diseases and their prevention, aimed for circulation in factories and doctors' waiting rooms. Former national president, Mrs A.D. Grant, highlighted the issue, referencing her attendance at the International Abolitionist Federation congress in Rome earlier in the year where similar concerns were discussed. Mrs Grant reported attempts to obtain a series of English television documentaries on venereal disease for educational purposes, but was informed that they were unavailable. A specialist in Christchurch corroborated her difficulties in accessing these films. She emphasised the need to utilise mass media to effectively reach vulnerable populations, particularly those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. The conference rallied behind her initiative to pursue the films and investigate their unavailability, as well as questioned the Health Department's reluctance to fund educational materials. In her remarks, Mrs Grant asserted that chastity represents the most effective means of tackling venereal disease. She outlined factors contributing to the rising incidence of these diseases, including the growing resistance of pathogens to antibiotics, the movement of populations and immigration, asymptomatic women serving as reservoirs of infection, a rising number of homosexual men facing high rates of infections, increased sexual freedom, and growing trends in premarital and extramarital sex. Dr R.D. Catterall, director of Middlesex Hospital in London, also shared insights from his contributions at the Rome congress, noting that casual sexual encounters are a prevalent method of disease transmission. Furthermore, the consensus among medical professionals cited during the conference was that state-regulated prostitution would not effectively control the venereal disease crisis. As a resolution, the congress proposed a comprehensive strategy to manage and reduce the incidence of venereal diseases. This plan encompasses raising public awareness about infection risks, establishing accessible clinics for anonymous treatment, setting up efficient systems for epidemiological examinations, and ensuring non-discriminatory treatment for all patients. Overall, the conference highlighted the pressing need for public health initiatives to combat the alarming rise of venereal diseases in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661008_2_240.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661008.2.240,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-102081600
4277,01,11,1966,"Magistrate’s Court Gaoled For Two Years And A... (Press, 1 November 1966)","On 1 November 1966, various sentencing outcomes were reported from the Magistrate's Court, with several individuals facing convictions for crimes including burglary, car theft, assault, and driving-related offences. William Francis Sheary, aged 29, received a sentence of two and a half years for eight burglary charges and one of car conversion. Although the Magistrate acknowledged Sheary's clean record in New Zealand, he highlighted Sheary’s extensive criminal history in Australia, noting that while he had avoided trouble for two years, his past warranted a significant sentence. Gary Harold Jeffries, 21, was sentenced to two years in prison for unlawfully taking a car and multiple counts of burglary committed throughout October. The Magistrate pointed out that Jeffries had previously benefited from probation but showed no improvement, leading to a strong warning prior to sentencing. George Francis Williams, 27, faced a fine of £100 for driving while disqualified, a charge he had accrued multiple prior convictions for. The Magistrate considered his previous record but noted he had refrained from trouble for the past two years. Consequently, his disqualification was extended by a further year. Young defendants Wayne Clifford Pool, aged 17, and Joseph William Stevenson, aged 17, both received probation for two years for their respective theft and burglary charges, while the latter could remain free ahead of a forthcoming court date related to his co-defendant. In other cases, a charge of assault against Stoyan Prochkoff was dismissed, while Murphy Komene Cassidy, aged 24, was sentenced to three months' imprisonment for loitering with felonious intent. Several other defendants, including Ernest William Hamill and Kenneth Noel Bevan, faced fines for their varied misdemeanours, including burglary and causing disturbances. A notable case involved David John McLaren, 25, who was remanded for sentence after stealing alcohol from the hotel where he worked. Additionally, Edwin Ernest Ballock, aged 45, faced a fine for assaulting a woman, despite having a reputation for violent conduct. In summary, the proceedings reflected a mix of community service, fines, and imprisonment, with some individuals being offered probation instead of jail time based on mitigating factors such as their previous conduct and personal circumstances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661101_2_192.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661101.2.192,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-100008000
4278,05,11,1966,"Homosexual Law Change (Press, 5 November 1966)","On 5 November 1966, it was reported that a bill aimed at legalising homosexual conduct between consenting male adults in private is expected to progress towards becoming law in Britain. The Government has decided to allocate the required Parliamentary time for debate, indicating strong support for the measure. Political sources revealed that the Cabinet's decision was influenced by the overwhelming backing from Labour back-benchers, who are in favour of the bill. With this support, the bill is now likely to be considered in Parliament early next year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661105_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661105.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-99662400
4279,23,11,1966,"Sex-change Surgery In American Hospital (Press, 23 November 1966)","On 20 November 1966, the ""New York Times"" reported that Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore has officially commenced performing sex-change surgeries, marking it as the first American hospital to provide such support. Although sex-change surgeries have been conducted in various European countries for the past 15 years and by select surgeons in the United States, this represents a significant endorsement within the American medical establishment. The hospital has already completed two operations: the first occurred in September and the second in October, involving two males in their 20s, one of whom was African American. The gender reassignment procedure entails the removal of the male external genitals and the creation of a vaginal passage, taking approximately three and a half to four hours. Prior to and following the surgery, patients undergo female hormone treatments aimed at reducing male secondary sexual characteristics and enhancing female traits such as breast growth and hip widening. A limited number of applications for the surgery have also come from women, accounting for about 10 percent of the total 100 requests. Those seeking gender reassignment are classified as transsexuals. Generally, they are physically healthy but feel a profound aversion to their biological sex from a young age, believing they are trapped in the wrong body—either male individuals identifying as female or vice versa. Psychiatrists suggest that many transsexuals are often sexually inactive prior to their operations, largely due to their discomfort with homosexual relationships. It is essential to distinguish transsexuals from transvestites, who simply find pleasure in dressing as the opposite sex without seeking a gender change. Many mental health professionals believe that transsexuals cannot find relief through psychotherapy, and they may be vulnerable to mental health challenges, including depression and suicidal thoughts. The clinic at Johns Hopkins examines only two patients monthly and has a long waiting list. Each applicant undergoes a comprehensive physical and psychological evaluation costing $100. The hospital prioritises candidates who are living as women and receiving hormone treatments. Although the majority of transsexuals are seen as emotionally stable outside their gender identity issues, their sense of frustration can be overwhelming. Post-surgery, which, along with hospital care, averages $1,500, patients are encouraged to partake in follow-up studies and must continue hormone therapy to maintain female characteristics. Experts theorise that transsexualism may stem from early childhood conditioning, possibly linked to a mother's wish for a daughter instead of a son; however, some cases remain mysterious. Importantly, very few subjects have expressed regret after surgery, and there are minimal reports of serious postoperative complications. Many who have undergone the operation have successfully received new birth certificates reflecting their female identity, alleviating potential legal complications related to being a transvestite. Some have even married, sometimes without their partners knowing about their previous gender. The surgical procedure allows for normal sexual relationships but does not enable the ability to bear children. For female-to-male transitions, the surgery includes a hysterectomy and removal of breasts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661123_2_231.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661123.2.231,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-98107200
4280,09,12,1966,"‘Constructive Sentence’ On Indecency Charges (Press, 9 December 1966)","On 9 December 1966, the Magistrate's Court addressed the case of two men convicted of indecency, having pleaded guilty to engaging in mutual masturbation in a public lavatory. Their identities were suppressed, and the charges fell under Section 141 of the Crimes Act. The court, presided over by Mr H. J. Evans, took into account probation officer reports and medical assessments, including a physical health certificate. Both men were in their forties and were first-time offenders, having no previous legal issues. During the proceedings, the Magistrate noted that their actions, while deemed criminal by law, occurred in relative privacy and did not involve any corrupting influence on minors. The court acknowledged the social stigma and condemnation that they might face from the community. The defence counsel argued for a discharge without conviction under Section 42 of the Criminal Justice Act, suggesting that no harm was caused to others and highlighting the men's willingness to undergo psychotherapy. The councillors also presented the emotional and psychological complexities surrounding the case. Despite recognising the merits of the arguments for leniency and understanding the personal remorse felt by the defendants, the Magistrate emphasised that he was bound by the law established by Parliament, which defines such acts as criminal and carries a potential sentence of up to five years' imprisonment. Therefore, he deemed it necessary to record a conviction against both men. Yet, the Magistrate indicated a willingness to impose a constructive approach regarding the sentencing. He sentenced them to 18 months on probation, during which they were required to undergo psychiatric or other treatment as recommended by the probation officer. Additionally, each defendant was ordered to pay court costs. The decision sought to balance the legal requirements with a more rehabilitative and supportive outcome for the individuals involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661209_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661209.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-96724800
4281,21,12,1966,"Legality Nearer (Press, 21 December 1966)","On 20 December 1966, a bill aimed at legalising homosexual acts between consenting male adults in private made significant progress towards becoming law in the United Kingdom. The House of Commons held an unopposed second reading, indicating a general agreement in principle for this private bill sponsored by Labour M.P. Mr Leo Abse. The government adopted a neutral stance on the matter, allowing members a free vote that was not aligned with party politics. Observers believed that the bill was likely to pass through the remaining stages in the Commons and subsequently in the House of Lords without major obstacles. In a separate report from London on the same day, it was announced that comedian Jack Train had passed away due to a heart attack at the age of 64. Train was well-known for his role as “Colonel Chinstrap” in the radio programme Itma (""It’s That Man Again"").",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661221_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661221.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-95688000
6555,31,12,1966,"Some Of The New Novels (Press, 31 December 1966)","The news story published on 31 December 1966 provides reviews of six recently released books, each showcasing different styles and themes. ""Incubus"" by Giuseppe Berto, translated by William Weaver, is a lengthy stream-of-consciousness narrative exploring a man's complex relationships with various women and his feelings towards his deceased father. The reviewer critiques Berto's verbose style, expressing a wish for more concise writing that would highlight the striking prose found within the dense text. Despite its flaws, the book has received notable literary awards, including the Viareggio and Campiello Prizes in 1964. Berto's life experiences, including time as a prisoner of war in the United States, lend depth to his writing. Edmund McGirr's ""The Funeral Was In Spain"" follows the investigation of Kingston Rowton's death by a private detective hired by his wealthy, suspicious father. The deceased's morally questionable life is examined, revealing various individuals who may have had motives for foul play, including illegitimate children and business associates. The novel's plot is described as a standard mystery that does not rise above mediocrity, populated by characters with more money than ethics. In ""Make Much Of Time,"" Patrick Davidson chronicles the poignant yet overextended story of young love between Jim McComb and Penda Carlson. Following Penda's tragic death, Jim struggles with grief and inadvertently delays his emotional healing process for years. The narrative includes explorations of literature and the arts, though the lengthy discussions detract from the main themes of love and loss, making the story feel unnecessarily protracted. Cressida Lindsay's ""No, John, No"" provides a character study of Kate, a young woman navigating life on the fringes of London society. The novel's lack of a strong plot is offset by its authentic portrayal of disenchanted youth. While Kate initially appears dull, her character reveals a hidden depth of pleasure in life's simple experiences. The writing style, however, suffers from haphazard punctuation and mixed narrative perspectives, which complicates the reading experience. Paul Gallico's ""The Man Who Was Magic"" presents a fable-like narrative featuring Adam, a genuinely magical figure whose simplicity contrasts with the cynical world of professional magicians. Although the story addresses the theme of innocence versus cynicism, it tends to be slow and predictable, populated by stereotypical characters. Only the speaking dog, Mopsy, stands out as a relatable figure amidst the otherwise flat cast. Finally, ""The Sharemilkers"" by N. D. Thompson tells the story of Shane and Dilyse, a young couple engaged in sharemilking in New Zealand as they aspire to own their dairy farm. Although their episodic journey through different rural communities offers opportunities for growth and learning, Dilyse's somewhat superficial interest in people detracts from the otherwise friendly and light-hearted narrative. Overall, these reviews highlight a variety of literary styles and themes, from introspective narratives to character-driven explorations, while also commenting on the shortcomings of certain works.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19661231_2_40_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19661231.2.40.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-94824000
6556,25,01,1967,"Nurse Describes Cries For Help By Victim (Press, 25 January 1967)","On 25 January 1967, the case of Doreen Ellen Davis, a 30-year-old Air Force nurse, was the focus of a preliminary hearing in Auckland, following the murder charge of her fellow nurse, Raewyn Kathleen Joy Petley, aged 40. The hearing revealed critical witness accounts, including statements from Sister Marlene Deanna Phipps, who was present the night before the incident on November 19, 1966. Sister Phipps described hearing noises and desperate cries for help from Sister Petley's room late on November 18. After arriving at the Whenuapai air base at 7.10 p.m. that evening, she interacted with both Sister Petley and Davis before going to her own room. Later, while freshening up, Davis brought her a glass of beer, which she shared with both sisters in Petley's room. Phipps noted that after spending time socialising, she returned to her room around 12.30 a.m., at which point she observed that Petley's room light was off and heard the alarming noises coming from within. Concerned, Phipps attempted to check on Petley but found the door locked. As she was preparing to call for help, she heard Petley’s cries for assistance, prompting her to think there was an intruder inside. When she asked Davis about the situation, Davis replied calmly, saying everything was “under control.” Witnesses provided varying accounts of the circumstances surrounding both Petley’s life and Davis’s behaviour leading up to the incident. Squadron Leader Graham Pope confirmed that there were rumours about Petley's sexuality, described as a lesbian, although he admitted he did not believe these claims. Other medical staff indicated that Davis had shown changes in behaviour and mood in the weeks preceding the tragic event, exhibiting surly demeanour and, at times, signs of intoxication. Sister Pamela Jean Miley recounted finding Petley’s body the morning after the incident. After attempts to contact Petley were met with silence, Miley observed through the fanlight that Petley appeared unresponsive. Along with Sister Brittain, they managed to enter the room, where she discovered Petley's body in a state indicating she was deceased. There was a noticeable presence of blood, suggesting foul play. Detective Inspector Brian Wilkinson later testified about the investigation, including that Davis had been clinically dead for a period before being revived on the same day. This complex case of accusations, personal relationships, and allegations posited a convoluted narrative marked by emotional strains and societal pressures within the closed community of the air force medical staff. The preliminary hearing was ongoing, with the prospect of 14 additional witnesses to be heard, indicating that the proceedings would reveal further dimensions to the multifaceted personal dynamics among the staff at Whenuapai air base and the circumstances leading to this tragic event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670125_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670125.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-92664000
4282,16,03,1967,"Psychiatrist’s View “in State Of Automatism” (Press, 16 March 1967)","Auckland's Supreme Court is currently hearing the trial of Doreen Ellen Davis, a 30-year-old nursing sister charged with the murder of her colleague, 40-year-old Raewyn Kathleen Joy Petley, at Whenuapai on 19 November 1966. The trial, which has extended to eight days, is presided over by Mr Justice Moller and is being evaluated by a jury consisting of three women and nine men. Doreen Davis's defence is being represented by Mr K. Ryan, while the Crown's case is being presented by Mr D. S. Morris and Mr J. G. Miles. During the proceedings, psychiatrist and pathologist Henry Charles Bethune provided medical insights into Davis's mental state at the time of the incident. He indicated that she may have been in a condition of automatism, specifically a form described as de-personalisation, where the individual feels detached from their actions. This could result in patchy memory, akin to a concussion, leading to confusion regarding events immediately preceding the incident, although Davis retained a coherent memory of past events. Bethune opined that Sister Petley might have self-inflicted the fatal wound to her neck, and noted concerns about her mental health, suggesting that she exhibited signs of depression, especially in the context of her self-medication with stimulants and a drug used to suppress sexual urges. He explained that those experiencing severe emotional distress often contemplate or commit suicide in unpredictable and shocking ways. Further expert testimony came from James Frederick Moodie, an Army doctor, who echoed the possibility that Petley's neck wound could have been self-inflicted. He described typical patterns of self-inflicted neck injuries, affirming that the characteristics of Petley's wound matched those patterns, though he conceded that another expert, Dr Cairns, had better access to the physical evidence. Additionally, Mary Webster Wilson, the Director of the Royal New Zealand Nursing Corps, testified about her prior encounters with Davis, recalling a meeting on 4 November where Davis displayed emotional distress regarding her job. She emphasised Davis's capabilities as a nursing sister, noting her efficiency in the role. During the trial, the defence is constructing an argument that highlights Davis's mental health status and the context of her activities on the night preceding Petley's death, suggesting that the events may have occurred without conscious intention or awareness from Davis. The jury is tasked with determining the circumstances surrounding the death, including whether it was a homicide or suicide, informed by the psychiatric evidence and testimonies presented.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670316_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670316.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-88344000
6557,18,03,1967,"‘Not Mercy, Justice’ (Press, 18 March 1967)","In a recent trial, Mr K. Ryan delivered his final address regarding the case of Davis, who is accused of murdering Sister Petley. Ryan emphasised that Davis was not seeking mercy but merely justice. He requested the jury to consider evidence presented by Sister Petley’s foster sister, Mrs Taylor, highlighting that while the defence did not portray Sister Petley as a monstrous figure, she had hidden aspects of her character that Mrs Taylor was unaware of. Specifically, Ryan pointed out that although Petley did not take medications in her daily life, she had a substantial number of drugs in her possession. Ryan touched upon the circumstances surrounding Davis's assignment to Wigram, which occurred around October 26, indicating that she was unhappy about the posting. He suggested that her emotional state could have stemmed from a personal situation—Davis had a young son in Christchurch who was living with her sister, and the boy's father was at Burnham Military Camp. Ryan argued that the stress from her situation might have contributed to Davis's mental state during the months leading up to the alleged murder. Furthermore, Ryan scrutinised the reliability of the Crown's evidence, particularly that of Sister Phipps. He noted that during cross-examination, Phipps claimed not to remember critical events on numerous occasions. Ryan questioned her credibility, emphasizing contradictions between her testimony and that of her escort, Gillingham, regarding the sounds heard from Sister Petley’s room. This discrepancy suggested reasonable doubt about the events leading to Petley’s death. Mr Ryan highlighted the lack of forensic evidence, such as fingerprints on the window, which would have been expected if Davis had escaped through there after committing the murder. He posited that there was a possibility that the fatal wound on Sister Petley could have been self-inflicted, particularly given the nature of the cut and Davis's claims of memory loss following her discovery of Petley. In summarising his argument, Ryan insisted that the case presented by the Crown did not meet the burden of proof required for a conviction and contended that Davis deserved a verdict of not guilty. The jurors, consisting of nine men and three women, were tasked with deliberation after Mr Justice Moller’s impending summation. The trial continues to draw significant public interest as the legal proceedings unfold.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670318_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670318.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-88171200
6558,21,03,1967,"Long Deliberation By Davis Trial Jury (Press, 21 March 1967)","On 20 March 1967, a jury was deliberating the case of Doreen Ellen Davis, a 30-year-old nursing sister charged with the murder of 40-year-old Sister Raewyn Kathleen Joy Petley at the R.N.Z.A.F. base in Whenuapai on 19 November the previous year. The jury had been considering the case for nearly eight hours after retiring to deliberate. Justice Moller, during his summing up, explained that Davis was entitled to an acquittal if the jury could not definitively exclude the possibility of suicide, which was a major element of her defence. The jury's task involved evaluating three main categories of evidence: Davis’s personal account, the nature of Sister Petley’s wound, and medical testimony suggesting that Sister Petley had tendencies toward self-harm. Davis maintained that she recalled Petley cutting her own throat vividly but could remember little after that event. However, the prosecution highlighted inconsistencies, notably that Davis left the room, with the door later found locked from the inside, and she did not seek immediate help despite claiming to have called out. Witnesses corroborated that they heard calls for help from the room. Justice Moller commented on the emotional turmoil that Davis allegedly faced due to Petley’s advances, citing testimony from Dr. Bethune regarding the emotional shocks Davis experienced. This included analysing two letters written by Davis shortly before Petley’s death, which could indicate that their relationship was not as definitively severed as Davis had claimed. The judge advised the jury to weigh the evidence from both sides carefully. The prosecution contended that a qualified pathologist had determined that the wounds were not self-inflicted, while the defence argued that another pathologist suggested self-infliction was possible. The circumstantial evidence, including the nature of the incident and the context of the relationship between the two women, was pivotal for the jury's consideration. Moller outlined possible verdicts: if the jury found the Crown did not eliminate the possibility of suicide, they must acquit Davis. If they thought she acted unlawfully but without intent to kill or cause harm, they could deliver a manslaughter verdict. Moller instructed that for a verdict of ""not guilty by reason of insanity"" to be rendered, it must be clear that Davis was suffering from a debilitating mental condition that impaired her understanding of her actions. Automatism, a condition in which a person might perform actions without conscious awareness, was also discussed, stating that if the jury believed Davis acted in such a state, she would be entitled to complete acquittal. Moller concluded by posing a question on self-defence, pointing out that while it was not proposed in this case, the jury should consider whether an unprovoked assault by Sister Petley could justify Davis’s actions as a form of reasonable force. The jury was left to carefully evaluate the evidence against Davis’s claims, weighing the possibility of suicide against the circumstantial and direct evidence presented.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670321_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670321.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-87912000
4283,23,03,1967,"Dickens, The Family Man’ (Press, 23 March 1967)","Monica Dickens, the great-granddaughter of the famed author Charles Dickens, is currently on a lecture tour across the United States, where she shares insights about her ancestor's sexual life. Charging £178 per lecture, her talks primarily target women’s clubs, and she finds them well-received. Many attendees express a renewed interest in reading Dickens’ works after her sessions. In an interview, Miss Dickens acknowledges that she does not possess formal qualifications to analyse her great-grandfather’s literary contributions but emphasises her perspective as a family member. She discusses Dickens’ role as a family man, the complexities surrounding his marriage, and the fate of his ten children. Despite her admiration for him, she candidly admits to the darker aspects of his life, including his alleged infidelities, suggesting that many men of his era, facing societal pressures, sought companionship outside of marriage. Miss Dickens reveals that Charles Dickens had a significant affair with a young actress named Ellen Ternan, which she believes played a role in the dissolution of his marriage. She also mentions another romantic involvement in Italy, where Dickens experimented with hypnotism, a popular trend at the time. She reflects on the societal norms of Dickens' era, noting that marriage was often viewed through the lens of duty rather than pleasure, which consequently led men to seek extramarital fulfilment. While discussing his literary works, Miss Dickens points out that Dickens refrained from including overt sexual content in his writings, asserting that his readership would have declined if he had done so. However, she interprets a subtle homosexual undertone in ""David Copperfield,"" suggesting that it reflects Dickens' own observations of the world around him. As for Dickens' later years, Miss Dickens recounts a significant period shortly before his death when he toured the United States, reading from his books and earning substantial sums. Notably, he preferred to receive his earnings in cash, reflecting a distrust of American banks. During this tour, he suffered significant health issues and often collapsed, needing to be revived with brandy. Miss Dickens conveys a sentiment held within her family that this strenuous tour ultimately contributed to his demise.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670323_2_22_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670323.2.22.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-87739200
4284,19,04,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 19 April 1967)","A public meeting held in Wellington on April 17, 1967, urged for legal reforms regarding homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. Organised by the newly established Wolfenden Association, the meeting attracted around 150 attendees. Key speakers included Wellington city councillor and barrister Mrs O. E. Smuts-Kennedy, Mr P. Blizzard, a lecturer in psychology from Victoria University, and the Anglican Vicar of Porirua, Rev. P. Robinson. A motion was passed expressing that the current laws on homosexuality do not benefit the community and endorsing the formation of a society to advocate for legislative changes to decriminalise private, consensual homosexual activities among adult males. In a related development, the New Zealand Societies for the Protection of Home and Family announced its intention to urge the Government to prioritise the updating of the Child Welfare Act, which has been in place for 41 years, and to seek information regarding proposed replacement legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670419_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670419.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-85406400
4285,03,05,1967,"“Ulysses” (Press, 3 May 1967)","On 3 May 1967, various letters were published expressing concerns and criticisms regarding the film ""Ulysses,"" which was subject to censorship and segregation of audiences by sex. The correspondence highlights the absurdity of the film censor’s claims that extreme emotional responses evoked by the film could not be shared between men and women in a cinema setting. One letter from Graham Riley questions what specific human emotion is so problematic that it cannot be experienced together in the dark, implying that the censor’s stance reflects an unusual perspective that may not resonate with traditional heterosexual experiences. He sarcastically wonders if attending the film would lead to assumptions about his sexual orientation. Another letter, attributed to a ""Father of Six,"" inquires about practical matters regarding audience segregation, such as toilet facilities for women in a theatre predominantly filled with men and how the authorities would differentiate between the sexes given that many males may have long hair that could appear feminine. This highlights a concern about the logistics and fairness of enforcing such segregation. Lastly, a writer using the pseudonym Sartor Resartus raises further questions about the implications of enforced separation, questioning how authorities could ensure that those sitting next to one another are not homosexual, thereby continuing the discourse on the complexities and prejudices behind the film's censorship and the societal anxieties surrounding sexuality. The letters reflect a blend of humour, frustration, and societal critique regarding the restrictions placed on cinema audiences at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670503_2_135_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670503.2.135.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-84196800
4286,06,05,1967,"Liberal Views In Reply To Article (Press, 6 May 1967)","An article published in the Anglican publication ""New Christian"" discusses the evolving views among British clergymen regarding homosexuality, particularly in the context of love and relationships. Dr. Norman Pittenger from King’s College, Cambridge, shared insights following the receipt of letters in response to his previous writings on homosexuality. He revealed that a significant number of clergy members are beginning to accept the notion that homosexuality should not be viewed as sinful when it involves genuine love between individuals. Dr. Pittenger noted that these clergymen believe homosexuals who love one another should not be considered ""sinners"" solely based on their sexual orientation, and that the acts stemming from such love are not inherently sinful. In their roles as confessors and pastoral counsellors, these clergymen have aimed to alleviate the intense guilt felt by many homosexuals by focusing on the concept of God's unconditional love and understanding of the homosexual experience. They highlighted God's readiness to bless those who maintain a loving and caring relationship. Importantly, those who contributed to the discussion did not endorse promiscuity or male prostitution, instead advocating for homosexual individuals to pursue stable, faithful relationships with one partner, reinforcing the importance of commitment and love. This shift in perspective marks a significant point of discussion within the church regarding the acceptance and understanding of homosexual relationships in the context of Christian teachings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670506_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670506.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-83937600
4287,24,05,1967,"Move To Exclude Homosexuals (Press, 24 May 1967)","On 23 May 1967, the United States Supreme Court delivered a significant ruling regarding the status of homosexuals in relation to immigration laws. In a 6-3 decision, the Court determined that homosexuals were ineligible for admission into the United States, falling under the classification of “afflicted with psychopathic personality” as outlined in the Immigration and Naturalisation Act. This ruling arose from a case concerning the deportation of an alien to Canada who had admitted to engaging in homosexual acts both before and after entering the United States. Justice Tom C. Clark, who represented the majority opinion, clarified that the alien was not being deported for actions taken after entering the country but rather for inherent characteristics present at the time of entry. This ruling reflects the societal attitudes towards homosexuality during this period, defining it through a psychological lens that deemed it as deviant behaviour. In contrast, Justice William O. Douglas, in his dissent, argued against the terminology of “psychopathic personality.” He cautioned that such labels could be as misleading and dangerous as terms like ‘Communist’ or ‘Bolshevik’, suggesting that they could unfairly target individuals merely for their unpopularity. Justice Douglas contended that the term was excessively vague and did not meet constitutional standards necessary for the imposition of penalties or punishment. This ruling not only set a legal precedent regarding the treatment of homosexuals within the context of immigration law but also reflected the broader societal challenges and discriminations faced by the LGBTQ+ community during the 1960s in America. The Court's decision sparked discussions about the implications of such classifications and the need for more precise standards in law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670524_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670524.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-82382400
4288,07,06,1967,"Homosexuality Laws Defended (Press, 7 June 1967)","In a speech to the Christchurch Lions Club on 6 June 1967, Detective Superintendent F. A. Gordon expressed strong opposition to any relaxation of laws against homosexuality. He argued that allowing homosexuality to be normative would expose the youth to significant degradation and societal dangers. He projected a grim vision of a future where acceptance of homosexuality could lead to increased moral degradation, referencing a potential scenario where cities would be inundated with those he characterised as ""pimps, ponces, pansies, pussyfoots, and perverts.” Gordon was particularly critical of a recent meeting in Wellington where attendees suggested that current laws on homosexuality did not benefit the community. He dismissed the notion that only a minority—specifically homosexuals—would welcome such changes, labelling the potential for legalisation as dangerous and disastrous. He acknowledged that while some individuals might have latent homosexual tendencies due to various reasons, these individuals could potentially seek treatment and remain non-offending under the current laws. However, Gordon reserved his strongest condemnation for what he referred to as ""the pervert,"" arguing that this group posed a threat to societal norms and decency. He expressed concern that legalising homosexuality would lead to an unrestricted environment for deviancy, which he deemed unacceptable. He further stressed that the notion of such behaviour remaining confined to private settings was a fallacy, emphasising that societal acceptance could open the floodgates to more overt expressions of deviance. He then drew parallels between homosexuality and other societal issues, drawing an analogy to prostitution, where he implied that the latter, while problematic, could be seen as less harmful than the supposed implications of legalising homosexual practices. In a wider context, he connected these views to the ongoing concerns regarding drug use, arguing against providing special privileges to homosexuals while also allowing for the deregulation of drug use. Gordon closed his address by equating the legalisation of homosexual acts to other morally reprehensible actions that society currently regulates, such as rape and theft. His speech underscored a deeply conservative outlook and a strong belief that maintaining existing laws was essential for protecting societal values and the youth against what he considered moral decay.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670607_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670607.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-81172800
4289,09,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 9 June 1967)","On 9 June 1967, a series of letters were published in response to comments made by Detective Superintendent F. A. Gordon regarding homosexuality laws in New Zealand. Gordon defended the current laws, suggesting that repealing them would lead to societal decay, describing it as becoming ""a nation of queers."" Critics, including Michael B. Jameson and Jan Farr, expressed their disapproval of Gordon's remarks, arguing that the existing laws contribute to significant societal issues, including suicide and blackmail. Jameson specifically highlighted the lack of legal restrictions on female homosexuals compared to their male counterparts and noted the absence of support for unmarried mothers abandoned by their partners. Farr, in her response, voiced her preference for abstaining from societal issues rather than aligning herself with Gordon's views, which she found limiting. Another correspondent, identifying as ""Graduate,"" critiqued Gordon’s remarks as indicative of ignorance and prejudice. This letter called into question the neutrality of police administration considering Gordon's vocal opposition to male homosexuality without addressing female homosexuality, suggesting a double standard. In response to the critical letters, Gordon maintained his stance, stating that the correspondents were entitled to their opinions just as he was to his. He claimed to be well-read on the subject, including the Wolfenden Report, which has received acclaim for advocating a more progressive stance on homosexuality. Gordon asserted his long experience in law enforcement had given him insight into the societal troubles associated with what he termed ""the pervert,"" while he considered non-offending homosexuals as innocuous and worthy of sympathy. He concluded by emphasising his primary concern for the well-being of the youth.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670609_2_89_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670609.2.89.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-81000000
4290,10,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 10 June 1967)","In June 1967, a series of letters published in a New Zealand newspaper addressed the contentious issue of homosexuality, particularly focusing on the comments made by Detective Superintendent Gordon regarding homosexuals and societal attitudes towards them. Frances Miller expressed concern that Gordon's remarks were unhelpful and damaging, as they lacked an understanding of how to provide support to individuals with different sexual orientations. She highlighted that the police have limited training to assist these individuals meaningfully. Claude Tanner, a committee member of the newly formed New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, responded to Miller’s letter, indicating the society's objective to reform laws that currently criminalise consensual homosexual acts between adult males in private, while maintaining that seduction of minors should remain a criminal offence. Tanner argued that there is a distinction between true homosexuals and those who might harm minors, suggesting that true homosexuals could be wrongly associated with such criminal acts. Another letter from a parent invoked a university text suggesting that all individuals go through a homosexual phase during their development. This letter implied that those who do not navigate this phase might be deemed ""sick"" according to police definitions of homosexuality, which the writer critiqued. A contrasting view was expressed by another correspondent, who supported Gordon's stance against legalising male homosexuality. This writer believed that such legalisation could lead to moral decay, claiming that the majority of society shares these sentiments. He argued that a small number of homosexuals facing dire consequences, including suicide, is an acceptable cost to prevent what he termed “contamination” of youth. Lastly, a letter addressed concerns regarding the arrest of a doctor in the United States for acting according to his conscience, with a writer noting that such events, while deplorable, should serve as a warning to avoid similar developments in New Zealand. Overall, these letters reflected a broad spectrum of opinions on homosexuality, illustrating a societal divide on the topic, and indicated an ongoing debate about both legal reform and the perception of homosexual individuals within society during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670610_2_102_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670610.2.102.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80913600
4291,12,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 12 June 1967)","In a letter published on 12 June 1967, a writer named D. Johnson responds to Detective Superintendent Gordon's concerns about proposed changes to laws regulating homosexual behaviour. Johnson critiques Gordon's assertion that such changes might lead to the nation becoming ""a nation of queers"" and questions the implication that many would choose to become active homosexuals simply because the laws might be relaxed. He points out that the proposed amendments would not eliminate existing laws addressing public indecency or soliciting, thereby preventing any potential for homosexuals to ""overrun"" cities. He argues that the notion of granting homosexuals an ""open licence"" to act as they please is flawed, as such liberties do not apply even to heterosexuals. Johnson expresses a belief that the current laws should be revised, noting that he and his wife do not fear their homosexual friend and dismissing the idea that homosexuals are inherently harmful or dangerous. He also highlights the unrealistic expectations of those who believe that the existing laws adequately protect society. Johnson raises a concern regarding homosexuals who feel compelled to enter disastrous marriages due to societal pressures and existing legal constraints, suggesting that the legal changes could lead to an overall healthier society. His plea is for a more rational approach to understanding homosexual relationships and their place within the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670612_2_116_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670612.2.116.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80740800
4292,13,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 13 June 1967)","In a series of letters to the editor, various individuals express their views regarding comments made by Detective Superintendent F.A. Gordon on issues surrounding indecency and homosexuality in New Zealand, particularly in light of complaints the police face when investigating these matters. One writer, Varian J. Wilson, agrees with Gordon's remarks, advocating for continued penal reform and increased treatment opportunities, while emphasising the need for law enforcement to first address apprehended individuals suspected of perversion. Wilson notes that there were no homosexuals in New Zealand prisons for offences involving adults at the time, suggesting that reforms are not addressing behaviour he deems harmful to society. In contrast, another correspondent, Carolus Le Heux, invokes biblical scripture, arguing that the moral framework provided by faith condemns homosexuality as a sin but offers forgiveness for those who repent. Le Heux seems to call for a more reverent discussion grounded in religious belief, hinting that a moral decline leads to social degradation. A letter from an anonymous writer labelled as “Graduate” raises concerns about the implications of Gordon's and the police's stance on fairness and prejudice in administrative practices. They argue that current laws prevent individuals convicted of homosexual acts from holding public office or serving in the public sector, which restricts any possibility of reforming these laws from within. This writer suggests that the exclusionary practices in legislation indicate a bias that necessitates scrutiny. A final letter, signed by “Grateful Mother,” sends support towards Detective Superintendent Gordon's efforts. The writer expresses concern over the potential normalisation of homosexuality and its perceived dangers to the health of future generations. They argue that the promotion of homosexual rights would lead to societal decay and advocate rallying behind Gordon in his mission to protect the well-being of youth. Overall, the correspondence reflects a deep divide in societal views on homosexuality, revealing a struggle between reformist perspectives and traditional moral objections during a time of evolving attitudes concerning sexual orientation and indecency laws in New Zealand in 1967.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670613_2_116_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670613.2.116.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80654400
7715,14,06,1967,"“minister To Pansies And Policemen” (Press, 14 June 1967)","In a letter to the Presbytery of Christchurch, Rev. W. J. Schrader, chaplain at St Andrew's College, called for positive action to minister to various groups of people, including those often marginalised by society such as homosexuals. During the monthly meeting of the Presbytery on 14 June 1967, Schrader expressed strong criticism of the views on homosexuality expressed by Detective Superintendent F. A. Gordon. He argued that while everyone is entitled to their opinion, Gordon's remarks were overly simplistic and failed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue. Schrader pointed out that such statements can lead to a skewed perception of homosexuals, creating further alienation from the community. He highlighted that those identifying as homosexuals often find themselves isolated, facing prejudice and misunderstanding rather than the compassion and support they need. The Rev. Schrader emphasised the importance of a more enlightened approach within the church, particularly in light of the formation of a Wolfenden Committee in New Zealand, which suggests a growing recognition of the complexities surrounding homosexuality. He contended that the church should engage more deeply with these issues to better support all individuals, regardless of their sexual orientation, and reassure those who may feel excluded from society. The letter serves as a reminder of the church's role in fostering understanding and compassion among its members towards those living in different social environments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670614_2_198.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670614.2.198,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80568000
4293,14,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 14 June 1967)","In a series of letters published on 14 June 1967, various correspondents expressed their views on the issue of homosexuality and the potential reform of laws concerning it. K. Chamberlain highlighted the complexities surrounding treatment for homosexuals, noting that many individuals in the homosexual community resign to feeling ""different"" and may not even seek treatment due to its current ineffectiveness. Chamberlain argued against the idea of enforced treatment in penal systems and pointed out the importance of distinguishing between paedophiles, who can offend against both genders, and the ""true"" homosexuals, who generally do not engage with minors. The writer asserted that current reformers seek changes in law specifically for the latter group and that safeguards for minors could be integrated into any new legislation. They also mentioned that evidence suggests youthful homosexual experiences do not necessarily lead to later homosexual activity. In contrast, another correspondent, writing under the name Vulcan, discussed the definition of homosexuality and presented a concern that not all homosexuals exhibit outwardly effeminate traits. Vulcan referred to the potential for psychological treatment and suggested that instead of reforming laws to accommodate homosexuals, legislation should focus on incorporating treatment options for those who experience homosexual desires. Another letter, from a writer identified as Parent, condemned homosexuality and expressed concern about its implications for young people. Parent suggested that police, despite their integrity, could inadvertently harm youths by using derogatory terms. They argued that societal standards should return to a more traditional framework, stating that homosexuality is undesirable and advocating for its elimination rather than legalisation. The writer drew historical parallels to Victorian England, indicating that similar measures could potentially banish homosexuality in present times, akin to the situation in modern Russia. These letters reflect a diversity of opinions regarding homosexuality, treatment, and the law, alongside the broader societal attitudes of the time. The correspondents grappled with complex issues of morality, legality, and psychological health, deliberating on the appropriate response to homosexual behaviour within the framework of the law and social standards.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670614_2_154_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670614.2.154.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80568000
4294,14,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 14 June 1967)","On 14 June 1967, the secretary of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, Mr J. W. Goodwin from Wellington, expressed concerns regarding comments made by Detective Superintendent Gordon, who gave what Goodwin referred to as an unofficial opinion on the reform of homosexual laws. Goodwin emphasised the need for transparency, suggesting that the public should know the identities of those advocating for legal changes in this area. The New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society was recently founded during a well-attended meeting in Wellington, which resulted in the establishment of a committee comprising various professionals dedicated to advocating for reform. The committee included members from diverse backgrounds: F. Davidge, a school teacher, M. Eggers, a public servant, J. W. Goodwin himself as an editor, B. Neels, a social worker, C. Parkin, a philosophy lecturer at Victoria University, C. G. Pottinger, a barrister and solicitor, S. W. Ransom, chief personnel officer for an industrial organisation, Dr. J. H. Robb, a sociology professor at Victoria University of Wellington, W. J. Scott, a former principal of the Wellington Teachers’ College, Mrs O. Smuts-Kennedy, a barrister and city councillor, and Mr C. Tanner from the National Orchestra. Goodwin defended the committee’s efforts, stating that they are pursuing a lawful and rational approach towards reform and should not face emotional backlash from law enforcement. He announced that a constitution for the society would be presented at an upcoming meeting, which is expected to feature a talk by the student counsellor from Victoria University. Mr Goodwin closed his statement by urging the public to choose between emotional responses and rational discourse in the face of the ongoing debate regarding homosexual law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670614_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670614.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80568000
4295,15,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 15 June 1967)","On 15 June 1967, a series of letters were published in response to discussions surrounding homosexuality and the law in New Zealand. R.C. Stewart pointed out the apparent injustice of existing laws, noting that while female homosexuals faced little legal restraint, male homosexuals were treated as criminals. He suggested that this disparity stemmed from personal prejudice and a lack of compassion among law enforcement, and called for a more enlightened approach from reformers and church leaders. J.M. Tanner contended that societal measures aimed at banishing homosexuals would not reduce their numbers and argued that the underground existence of homosexuality, often linked to prostitution, indicates that ignorance and fear only exacerbate the issue. Tanner compared the treatment of homosexuals to the historical mistreatment of the mentally ill, suggesting that a more enlightened attitude is necessary. In another letter, D. Rae defended the talks by Mr Gordon to the Lions Club, which aimed to inform the public about homosexuality. Rae criticised those who attacked Gordon for failing to tackle other societal issues during his address, stating that focusing on homosexuality specifically was valid. Rae provocatively suggested that if homosexuality is considered a disease, there should be legal provisions for it to be treated as such. T.M. Shaw, on the other hand, labelled homosexuals as moral perverts and expressed a belief that they should be cured or punished, reinforcing a more punitive view. Furthermore, Varian J. Wilson raised concerns about the reformers' approaches, arguing that placing the age of consent for homosexuals at 21 recognised homosexual relationships as crimes in the eyes of society. He emphasised the need for legal protection for vulnerable individuals regardless of sexual orientation. Phred questioned the misconception that lifting laws against homosexuality would lead to an increase in its prevalence, insisting that a significant number of homosexuals desire to change their orientation. Another correspondent, signing off as “DISGUSTED,” expressed disdain for the sympathy extended towards homosexuals, invoking biblical references to condemn their behaviour. A.B. Cedarian highlighted a concern that proposed legal reforms could portray New Zealand as a nation that condones homosexuality, an image they believe should be avoided—prioritising the self-interest of society over the plight of homosexuals. Finally, one writer called for investigations into the root causes of homosexuality, advocating for a compassionate approach separate from judgment. The letters collectively reflect a spectrum of opinions, ranging from calls for reform and understanding to vehement opposition and insistence on the moral responsibilities of society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670615_2_111_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670615.2.111.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80481600
4296,16,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 16 June 1967)","On 16 June 1967, a number of letters were published in response to a discussion on the legal and moral implications of homosexuality, triggered by comments from Varian J. Wilson. These correspondents express varied views regarding the nature of homosexuality and its treatment under the law. K. Chamberlain criticises Wilson's assertion that morality should guide legal boundaries, arguing that some immoral acts indeed warrant legal sanctions. He points out that there are no incarcerated individuals purely for homosexuality due to its private nature, as opposed to acts that disturb public order. Chamberlain asserts that reformers acknowledge homosexuality might be a perversion but maintain that unenforceable laws, like those against homosexuality, ultimately harm society rather than help it. J. S. Tanner argues from a psychological perspective, suggesting that morality requires choice and that most homosexuals do not choose their orientation. Tanner believes that punishment cannot change one's sexual orientation and says that public disapproval serves as a sufficient deterrent. He expresses sympathy for those who grapple with desires they cannot control and condemns societal persecution of homosexuals as either ignorant or immoral. Another letter, which remains unsigned, defends homosexuals by challenging the notion of them as “subhumans.” The writer, identifying as a heterosexual, recounts positive experiences with openly gay individuals, countering stereotypes of homosexuals as predators. They warn against the dangers of applying broad laws based on flawed perceptions, comparing historical extremes of moral policing to those who demonise homosexuals. Responding to the ongoing debate, an author named Broad-Minded suggests that society could benefit from legalising homosexuality for individuals over 21, similar to laws in Holland and Scandinavian countries. They argue that such reform would lead to a decrease in child exploitation, advocating for a more understanding and open-minded approach to homosexuality. Overall, the correspondence reflects a significant tension in societal views on homosexuality in 1967, with calls for reform countering traditional assumptions about morality and legality. The letters collectively advocate for greater understanding and acceptance of homosexuals, questioning the validity of existing prejudices and the effectiveness of current laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670616_2_128_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670616.2.128.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80395200
7716,17,06,1967,"Bishop’s View On Homosexuality (Press, 17 June 1967)","On 17 June 1967, the Bishop of Christchurch, the Rt Rev. W. A. Pyatt, addressed the ongoing public discussion surrounding the laws regarding homosexuality. He expressed his inclination to agree with the liberal perspective of the Church of England Moral Welfare Council in Britain. According to Bishop Pyatt, the council's views significantly influenced the Wolfenden report, which dealt with issues of homosexuality and legal reform. Additionally, the news reported that Mr. J. W. G. Davidson from Wellington has been appointed as a service member of the Public Service Appeal Board, effective from May 1967, for a term of three years.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670617_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670617.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80308800
4297,17,06,1967,"Homosexual Law (Press, 17 June 1967)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 17 June 1967, various authors expressed their views on the sensitive topic of homosexuality and the education system in New Zealand, reflecting on ongoing legal discussions about reforming laws related to homosexual acts between consenting adults. John Dobson’s letter highlighted his concern about the education system in light of police support for existing laws, which he described as hypocritical per the Bishop of Woolwich. He noted that progressive reform is gaining traction in Britain, where significant support from various Christian leaders aims to align laws more humanely, leaving West Germany as the last European country maintaining such prohibitions. Barry Neels of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society challenged claims that there were no homosexuals in New Zealand prisons for offences against adults, asserting this was not backed by the Justice Department. He criticised the lack of honest sex education at home, suggesting it as a solution for fostering healthy relationships instead of relying on strict policing. Another contributor, identifying as ""Bible Student,"" referenced Biblical texts to illustrate their beliefs about homosexuality, attributing its prevalence to a moral decline and advocating a return to divine principles as a remedy. In contrast, a writer known as ""Mere Woman"" condemned the approach of treating homosexuality as criminal, arguing that such individuals should receive compassionate care from medical professionals, rather than punitive measures from the police. In response to these exchanges, A. B. Cedarian expressed a belief in maintaining the current laws against homosexuality, citing the potential risks of normalising homosexual practices in public spaces. This letter suggested that the existing legal framework serves community interests and that only a minuscule percentage of the population is affected by such laws. Together, these letters illustrate a significant clash of opinions regarding sexuality, legality, and ethics within the societal context of 1967 New Zealand, showing a community grappling with complex issues of morality, law, and personal rights. The correspondence was concluded by the editor of ""The Press,"" indicating a strong public interest in the subject and an ongoing debate about the place of homosexual law reform in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670617_2_101_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670617.2.101.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-80308800
4298,21,06,1967,"‘Bigotry’ On Homosexuality (Press, 21 June 1967)","On 21 June 1967, Mr P. H. T. Alpers, a Christchurch lawyer, addressed the New Brighton Lions' Club, arguing against the condemnation of homosexuals as depraved. He asserted that the high rates of venereal disease and illegitimacy among heterosexuals in Christchurch rendered it one of the most immoral cities globally. While acknowledging that some homosexual acts could not be labelled as loving, he also critiqued heterosexual behaviour and suggested that heterosexuals had no grounds for pride. Alpers expressed his belief that the imprisonment of homosexuals was detrimental, as it drove them further into their sexual identity. He noted that societal attitudes towards homosexuality were heavily influenced by prejudice and ignorance, which hindered open discussion. According to him, societal abhorrence and condemnation exacerbated the shame felt by homosexuals, leading them to isolate themselves and sometimes engage in more extreme behaviours. The lawyer highlighted that many common judicial statements, such as ""This man has corrupted these boys,"" were misguided. He argued that attempting to 'corrupt' a boy does not automatically make him homosexual, noting that early sexual exploration among boys, which included masturbation, often did not result in homosexuality. He claimed that the boys most likely to develop an orientation towards homosexuality were those who felt disgusted and ashamed of adolescent sexual activities rather than those who openly engaged in them. Despite acknowledging discussions such as the Wolfenden Report advocating for changes in the legal approach to homosexuality, Alpers believed significant legal reform in New Zealand was unlikely in the near future, likening the issue to the complex topic of licensing laws. He argued that homosexuality, though deemed unnatural by some, was common in nature, historical society, and even praised in certain cultures. Alpers associated childhood experiences with early sexual orientation development, suggesting that excessive maternal possessiveness or a lack of female interaction could influence boys towards homosexuality. He indicated that this phenomenon was rooted in early family dynamics rather than being a product of heredity or infection. In terms of religious perspectives, Alpers noted a shift among clergy concerning homosexuality. Some churchmen now regarded feelings of attraction as not inherently wrong, although there remained division on whether homosexual practices constituted a sin. He pointed out that homosexuality appeared to be present across all societal classes and that there was no evidence to suggest it was on the rise or decline. Concluding his remarks, Alpers stated that societal attitudes should lean towards ignoring but not condoning homosexual practices, dismissing recommendations like castration as fundamentally unhelpful and uninformed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670621_2_187.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670621.2.187,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-79963200
4299,28,06,1967,"Magistrate’s Court Two Years’ Imprisonment On 36... (Press, 28 June 1967)","Martin O’Keefe, a 24-year-old hotel steward, was sentenced to two years in prison following his appearance in the Magistrate’s Court on 28 June 1967. O’Keefe faced a total of 36 charges including 28 counts of false pretences, four counts of fraud, two counts of theft, and other offences, including escaping custody. The crimes were committed in various locations across New Zealand over the course of two months. Magistrate Mr E. A. Lee noted O’Keefe's history of dishonesty, emphasising the inevitable need for a long sentence due to his record. O’Keefe was previously discharged from prison in March 1967. Cyril Allan Kemp, aged 24, was sentenced to six months' imprisonment for attempting to induce another male into an indecent act. The court heard from Kemp’s counsel that his homosexuality was a problem for which prison was ineffective, suggesting treatment instead. However, the magistrate dismissed this argument, stating that treatment was only effective if sought voluntarily. Kemp's history of similar offences contributed to the verdict. Laurence Ian Geddis, 20, was remanded for sentencing after pleading guilty to multiple charges involving the cashing of valueless cheques totalling £330 10s. He had fled to Australia after the offences but returned to New Zealand, where he expressed a desire to repay the money obtained through fraudulent means. The court allowed Geddis bail while awaiting a probation report. Vincent Harold Cant, a plasterer, received a year of probation instead of imprisonment for defrauding a company over a television receiver, revealing his financial difficulties after losing work. Douglas Haig Anderson, a 49-year-old freezing worker, was fined £40 and banned from driving for three years due to operating a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol. Other cases highlighted included Kenneth Shane Stevens, who received four months’ imprisonment for unlawfully taking a car, and various minor offences resulting in fines for theft and bankruptcy-related charges. David John Forrester, previously released from prison for similar offences, was sentenced to four months for burglary, reflecting a concerning pattern of recidivism in the court. The court dealt with multiple traffic violations, imposing fines on several individuals for speeding and other driving offences. Additionally, charges of theft and dishonourable financial transactions were announced, demonstrating a variety of criminal behaviours that occupied the court's attention. The stories reviewed during this session of the Magistrate’s Court illustrate the ongoing challenges of crime and rehabilitation in society, as the judiciary grappled with effectively addressing both the roots and consequences of dishonesty and criminal behaviour in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670628_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670628.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-79358400
4300,06,07,1967,"Commons Approval Of Bill Welcomed (Press, 6 July 1967)","On 5 July 1967, the House of Commons in the United Kingdom approved legislation that legalises homosexual acts in private between consenting males. The decision was met with enthusiasm from the New Zealand Homosexual Reform Society, whose secretary, Mr J. W. Goodwin, expressed optimism about the implications of this legal change. Mr Goodwin noted that it took Britain a decade to act on the recommendations of the Wolfenden report, which had advocated for the decriminalisation of homosexual behaviour. He voiced hope that a similar reform would not take too long to occur in New Zealand. The society's stance is that homosexuality is a matter of civil liberties and should be left to individual conscience. Mr Goodwin reiterated that their group does not seek moral approval for homosexual behaviour but advocates for legal reforms that ensure adequate protection for minors. Their constitution, which will be registered under the Incorporated Societies Act the following week, reflects this philosophy. The organisation sees the British legislation as a progressive step and a potential catalyst for change in New Zealand's legal stance on homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670706_2_213.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670706.2.213,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-78667200
4301,07,07,1967,"Homosexual Bill Passed (Press, 7 July 1967)","On 6 July 1967, the House of Commons in London passed a significant bill legalising homosexual acts in private between consenting adult males after an intense eight-hour debate. The bill was approved by a free, nonparty vote of 99 to 14. Home Secretary Roy Jenkins hailed the legislation as an ""important piece of social legislation"" that is now on its way to becoming law. Jenkins noted that there has been a considerable shift in public and parliamentary opinion since the bill was first introduced by Labour Party member Leo Abse seven years prior. The bill's approval was met with cheers from members of the House, which saw many coming forward to congratulate Abse. Supporters argued that the legislation would help eliminate common issues of espionage blackmail that have historically affected homosexual diplomats and public officials. Reports from the 1950s indicated that some British diplomats defected to the Soviet Union partly due to fears of being blackmailed over their sexual orientation. Despite the overall support, the bill faced strong opposition, with some critics attempting to delay the vote through various parliamentary tactics. During the lengthy debate, the government maintained a neutral position, while the opposition expressed concerns about the implications of legalising homosexuality. They argued that such moves jeopardised the moral fabric of society. Notable opposition came from Conservative Sir Cyril Osborne, who expressed disdain for what he perceived as a trend of adapting democracy to accommodate various societal elements he disapproved of. Jenkins emphasised that the bill was not an endorsement of homosexuality but rather a response to the difficulties faced by individuals dealing with stigma, loneliness, and guilt associated with their sexual orientation. He stated that the essential question was whether these individuals should also be subjected to criminal prosecution in addition to their existing struggles. He further pledged that if the bill became law, he would consider remitting the sentences of those currently imprisoned for acts that would no longer be criminalised. It was noted that the legislation would not change the status of homosexual behaviour within the armed forces, where it would still be considered an offence. The bill is expected to move to the House of Lords later in the week for further consideration. With an estimated population of between 500,000 to one million homosexuals in Britain, the advancement of this bill represents a crucial shift in the legal and social landscape regarding homosexuality in the UK.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670707_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670707.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-78580800
4302,22,07,1967,"Homosexual Charges (Press, 22 July 1967)","In a letter published on 22 July 1967, a writer expressed support for a recent decision made by Mr H. J. Evans, S.M, in the Magistrate's Court. During a hearing, two individuals facing charges related to homosexual practices were discharged without conviction. The author commended the Magistrate for his courage in making this ruling, anticipating that it would provoke outrage among some sections of the public. The writer urged those who might react negatively to take the time to review the Magistrate’s detailed reasoning prior to passing judgement on him. They referenced the findings of the Wolfenden Committee, which recommended that consensual homosexual acts between adults in private should not be subject to criminal penalties. The letter reiterated the Committee’s assertion that areas of private morality and immorality should not involve legal intervention. The writer concluded the letter by reaffirming their belief in the importance of maintaining a distinction between personal morality and the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670722_2_80_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670722.2.80.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-77284800
4303,22,07,1967,"Magistrate’s Court Discretion Exercised For... (Press, 22 July 1967)","On 22 July 1967, in a notable case at the Magistrate's Court, the Senior Magistrate H.J. Evans exercised his discretion when vacating convictions against two men charged with committing indecent acts upon each other. The offences occurred on 29 June, and both men had pleaded guilty. Despite the convictions, the men were discharged without conviction under section 42 of the Criminal Justice Act, but were required to pay $30 each towards the prosecution costs and undergo psychiatric or medical examinations as directed by the senior probation officer within the next two years. In his ruling, Evans highlighted that the acts were consensual and took place in private, with no public corruption involved. He pointed out the ""heavy overtones of blackmail"" surrounding the charges, as they were based solely on the men's admissions to the police. While the law permitted a maximum sentence of five years’ imprisonment for the offences, the magistrate argued that adhering strictly to maximum sentences would overlook significant shifts in public opinion regarding homosexual acts, particularly following the Wolfenden Report in 1957, which initiated discussions around decriminalising such activities. Evans noted that on the day one defendant was charged, the House of Commons in England was advancing legislation to amend the law, allowing consensual homosexual acts in private between adults to be decriminalised. He also recognised that leaders of the Established Church in England supported this legal reform. Evans observed that changes were also emerging in New Zealand, including the abolition of flogging as a punishment for sexual offences in 1941 and a reduction of the maximum sentence for homosexual acts from ten years to five years in 1961. The magistrate expressed the importance of acknowledging societal shifts and responsible public opinion that echoed what was happening in England. He regarded Section 42 as providing the court with the necessary flexibility to respond to these changes. Evans understood that using this section to discharge a defendant without conviction was a rare exercise of discretion and not a right claimed by defendants. He acknowledged that other magistrates might view the case differently, underlining that his decision was based on what he deemed just and appropriate, especially in light of prevalent societal prejudices associated with homosexuality. Ultimately, Evans sought to balance his obligation to the law with a recognition of evolving public sentiment, contributing to the ongoing discourse around the treatment of homosexual acts within the justice system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670722_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670722.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-77284800
4304,24,07,1967,"Homosexual Charges (Press, 24 July 1967)","A series of letters published in response to the decision of Magistrate H. J. Evans to discharge without conviction two men charged with homosexual acts has sparked debate on issues of legality, morality, and societal attitudes towards homosexuality in New Zealand. The first letter, from Varian J. Wilson, expresses support for the decision but criticises the lengthy address given by the magistrate, which he felt was irrelevant and failed to provide sufficient facts for public consideration. Wilson points out that the private nature of the acts is questionable, especially when they resulted in police involvement over financial disputes that hinted at blackmail. He draws a parallel to female prostitution, suggesting that similar acts would not be condoned if held under public scrutiny. In a subsequent letter, another writer commends Evans for his judgement, acknowledging that while New Zealand's criminal code still imposes heavy penalties for homosexual acts, the recent legislative developments in England towards legalising homosexual relations between consenting males in private reflects a shift in societal attitudes. The writer deems Evans' decision as courageous, considering the significant public opinion in favour of change. Contrarily, another correspondent criticises the magistrate's decision for conforming to external influences rather than fostering local progress on such moral issues. This writer compares New Zealand’s tendency to replicate British attitudes to that of a farm, suggesting that the country should aspire toward more independent and progressive legal and social reforms rather than following in the footsteps of Britain. They express concern that while British legislation may suggest a form of consent, it may overlook the complexities and potential consequences surrounding such consent in practice. Overall, the exchange reflects a complex dialogue about the intersection of law, private behaviour, and broader societal values regarding sexuality during a time of evolving attitudes toward homosexuality. The letters underline the struggle between upholding existing legal frameworks and the push for more modern, humane perspectives on personal relationships, emphasising the need for reflection on New Zealand’s own legal identity apart from colonial influences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670724_2_84_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670724.2.84.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-77112000
4305,25,07,1967,"Homosexual Charges (Press, 25 July 1967)","On 25 July 1967, a public discussion emerged around recent magistrate decisions related to homosexual acts, highlighting differing perspectives on the influence of public opinion and the law. One letter, signed by ""VULCAN,"" expressed concern that the magisterial decisions were swayed by a small but vocal group advocating for changes in the law to accommodate homosexuality. VULCAN argued that this group appeared disconnected from broader moral values and the welfare of family life, suggesting they lacked respect for women. Moreover, VULCAN contended that the support for legal change from leaders of the Established Church in England did not justify modifying local laws. The letter warned against making it easier for those considered morally weak to engage in behaviours that could undermine self-respect and societal standards. In contrast, another letter from ""SEX EQUALITY"" referenced a previous statement by Mr H. J. Evans, a judicial figure, who acknowledged the legal framework that deemed homosexual acts criminal, but conceded that no harm had been done to others in that specific case. This letter highlighted a shift in Evans's position, suggesting that legalistic interpretations overlooked individual liberties and the intrinsic nature of personal lives. SEX EQUALITY invoked the legacy of the Nuremburg trials to argue that man’s dignity surpasses flawed laws, positing that when laws unjustly persecute individuals, it is essential to create a higher moral law that aligns with humane values. The discourse reflects a tension between established legal standards and evolving societal attitudes toward homosexuality in New Zealand during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670725_2_125_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670725.2.125.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-77025600
4306,26,07,1967,"Homosexual Charges (Press, 26 July 1967)","In a correspondence published in ""The Press"" on 26 July 1967, various writers expressed their views on a recent decision by a magistrate regarding the treatment of homosexual offences in New Zealand. One contributor, T.M.S., argued that a conviction for homosexuality would not further diminish the dignity of individuals already seen unfavourably by society. He cautioned against the potential for the nation to become more accepting of prostitution and sexual perversion, suggesting that individuals should feel compelled to keep their actions secret if they are to avoid punishment. In contrast, another writer, signing as MICHAELANGELO. PLATO. TCHAIKOVSKY, praised the magistrate, Mr H. J. Evans, for his bold and enlightened decision, asserting that it was significant in the larger context of individual rights versus state authority. He clarified that the magistrate had not changed the law but had applied it correctly, referencing a prior case where different facts had led to a different outcome. This decision, he claimed, could be considered one of the most important rulings from a New Zealand criminal court in recent years. A. B. CEDARIAN highlighted what he viewed as the moral implications of homosexual reform, suggesting that if advocates for homosexuality cannot prove its benefits, they risk causing psychological harm to many individuals. He argued that the current laws, although flawed, might deter individuals from pursuing ""unwholesome"" behaviours, noting that the suffering caused by prosecution must be weighed against the potential harms of legalising homosexuality. A concerned correspondent expressed shock at the magistrate's decision not to convict two men who openly admitted to engaging in homosexual acts. They noted that while England had legalised such practices for consenting males in private, no similar law existed in New Zealand. This writer anticipated that, should legislation permitting homosexual acts be introduced, it could lead to increased disregard for social restraint and a rise in homosexual behaviour, further asserting the need for treatment for those they deemed mentally unwell rather than acceptance of these practices. The correspondence indicates a significant debate within New Zealand about homosexuality, individual rights, and societal values at the time, with various perspectives revealing deep divisions in public opinion regarding the issue. The discussion was ultimately closed by the editorial team of ""The Press.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670726_2_94_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670726.2.94.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-76939200
4307,29,07,1967,"Archbishop Replies To Interpretation Of Christ (Press, 29 July 1967)","On 28 July 1967, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Michael Ramsey, responded to comments made by Canon Hugh Montefiore regarding the nature of Jesus's relationships. At the Modern Churchmen's Conference in Oxford, Canon Montefiore suggested that Jesus might have been a homosexual, stating that while women were friends of Jesus, it is men that he is said to have loved. He pointed out that Jesus remained unmarried, which was notable considering that marriage was common in the Middle Eastern society of the time. Montefiore posited that there could be three reasons for Jesus's single status: an inability to afford marriage, a lack of available partners, or a homosexual orientation. In his response, Dr. Ramsey firmly rejected Montefiore's assertions, stating that there is ""no evidence whatever"" to support such claims about Jesus. He expressed that Christians believe that Jesus interacted with both men and women in a manner befitting a perfect man, thus dismissing the suggestion that Jesus's relationships might have implied a homosexual inclination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670729_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670729.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-76680000
4308,04,08,1967,"Crown To Appeal (Press, 4 August 1967)","On 4 August 1967, it was reported that the Crown will appeal to the Supreme Court following a magistrate's recent decision to discharge two men who had pleaded guilty to charges related to homosexual acts. Crown Solicitor Mr C. M. Roper indicated that he had been instructed to file the appeal, marking today as the last day for doing so. The decision in question occurred on 21 July when the Magistrate vacated the convictions of the two men, who were not named in the report, and discharged them without conviction, relying on section 42 of the Criminal Justice Act. Additionally, both men were mandated to participate in psychiatric or medical treatment as determined by the senior probation officer over the next two years. The men had previously faced sentencing before Mr H. J. Evans, S.M., on charges of committing and permitting indecent acts upon each other. The Magistrate explained that it would be unjust to overlook the ""movement of opinion"" regarding homosexuality, particularly in light of recent legislative changes in England, where a Bill was approved by the House of Commons on 6 July to decriminalise homosexual acts conducted in private between consenting adult males. The Magistrate expressed that his interpretation of section 42 of the Criminal Justice Act allowed for this consideration, highlighting his awareness that if his interpretation were to be contested, the Crown could appeal on the grounds of a legal error. Specifically, the Crown's right to appeal is established in section 107 of the Summary Proceedings Act, which allows either party dissatisfied with a magistrate's decision, and believing it to be legally erroneous, to appeal to the Supreme Court by presenting a case on a legal question.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670804_2_167.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670804.2.167,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-76161600
4309,07,08,1967,"Debate Advocated Before Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 7 August 1967)","On 6 August 1967, during a seminar at Otago University’s Faculty of Law, New Zealand’s Attorney-General, Mr Hanan, addressed the current sentiments surrounding laws against homosexuality. He articulated that the average New Zealander does not seem inclined to support any changes to existing laws prohibiting homosexual acts at this moment. Hanan highlighted the necessity for further debate and education on the implications of modifying such laws to ensure the public is adequately informed about the pros and cons. He pointed out a lack of political engagement from parties on this issue in New Zealand, suggesting that ordinary citizens may not be receptive to any alterations of the current legal framework. He did, however, note a growing interest from certain church leaders and university circles regarding the topic. Hanan referenced the changes that have taken place in England, where the issue has been more actively debated for years, raising a question about whether similar legislative changes would be justified in New Zealand over time. Hanan warned against hasty legislation, stating that premature changes could potentially generate substantial public resistance, ultimately delaying the implementation of desired reforms. He mentioned the Wolfenden Committee in the UK, which advocated that consensual homosexual acts between adults in private should not be criminalised, a recommendation that has sparked controversy in New Zealand as well. Hanan also rebutted arguments suggesting that decriminalising homosexual acts might lead to an increase in offences against children. He presented statistics indicating that only about 5 percent of the prison population had been convicted for offences involving males, both over and under 21 years, in 1964. He emphasised the distinct nature of legal frameworks concerning offences against children, stating there would be no intention to legalise homosexual acts against minors. Concerns were raised that relaxing homosexual laws would result in a surge of incidents, with Hanan critiquing this notion as implying that many men are deterred from homosexual behaviour solely due to the fear of legal repercussions. He argued that this perspective underestimates the inherent social sanctions that would still exist against homosexuality, regardless of legislative changes. In summary, Mr Hanan's remarks reflected a cautious stance on the potential reformation of homosexuality laws in New Zealand, advocating for informed discussion and careful consideration before any legislative action is undertaken.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670807_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670807.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-75902400
4310,09,08,1967,"The Press Wednesday, August 9, 1967. Public... (Press, 9 August 1967)","On 9 August 1967, a commentary published in The Press highlighted the Minister of Justice, Mr Hanan's, assertion that the general populace of New Zealand does not support changes to the laws concerning homosexuality. The article argues that this may stem from a lack of public engagement or understanding of the issue, rather than a fully formed opinion. It points out that societal prejudices significantly dictate the views held by the average citizen, leaving the legal framework regarding homosexuality unexamined due to insufficient public discourse. The piece emphasises that historically, predominantly Anglo-Saxon societies have viewed homosexuality as a serious societal offence, aligning it with notions of decency and community security. It contrasts this perspective with that of other cultures, which may not hold such stringent views on sexual behaviour, suggesting that societal fears around homosexuality could be more rooted in cultural biases than in inherent moral failings. The commentary acknowledges that while society discourages homosexuality, it also perpetuates environments that can provoke homosexual tendencies, such as in the prison system. It notes the longstanding interpretation of Christian doctrine, which has traditionally classified homosexuality as a more grave sin than various forms of heterosexual immorality. This perspective has influenced legal frameworks in Anglo-Saxon nations, where intervention against homosexuality is prevalent, while premarital and extramarital relations often go unpunished. The article references recent legal changes in Britain, which have narrowed the focus of laws concerning homosexuality to protecting minors from exploitation, suggesting that such a re-evaluation might also be warranted in New Zealand. However, it stresses the necessity for the New Zealand Legislature to actively engage in reassessing its laws rather than deferring to public opinion—which it describes as under-informed and prejudiced. Moreover, the piece calls for increased public education on homosexuality, indicating that a more informed citizenry could lead to a more progressive discourse on legal reform. It mentions the Wolfenden report in Britain, which sparked renewed conversations about homosexuality by encouraging more nuanced perspectives on moral and legal considerations. Ultimately, the article conveys that the Ministry of Justice, under Mr Hanan's leadership, is already knowledgeable about the complexities surrounding these issues. It suggests that even if Mr Hanan does not advocate for a change in law, it remains the Government's responsibility to facilitate public understanding of the homosexual community and consider the broader implications of existing laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670809_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670809.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-75729600
6559,17,08,1967,"Theatre British Satirical Comedy Next (Press, 17 August 1967)","The Canterbury Theatre Company is set to present two contemporary English theatre productions in the upcoming weeks. The first play, ""The Killing of Sister George,"" written by Frank Marcus, will debut on Saturday, August 26, 1967, for a six-day season. The second play, ""The Homecoming"" by Harold Pinter, will follow, opening on Tuesday, September 6, 1967, for five days. Both plays premiered in London in June 1965 and made their Broadway debuts in 1967, garnering significant acclaim from audiences and critics alike. ""The Killing of Sister George"" has been noted for its originality and unique classification, with critics struggling to label the work. It is described as a compelling mixture of satire, farce, and tragedy, while also being recognised as a milestone for its candid depiction of a lesbian relationship. The narrative revolves around Sister George, a character from a popular radio serial who faces potential cancellation as her ratings decline. The play explores themes of jealousy and insecurity within Sister George's tumultuous relationship with her younger flatmate, showcasing the emotional complexities experienced by both women. The cast features Kathleen Hilditch as June Buckridge, Barbara Latham as Childie, Jacque Thomas as Mrs Mercy, and Doreen Corrick, who will make a special guest appearance as Madame Xenia. John Kim will direct the production. ""The Homecoming,"" on the other hand, has been awarded the title of ""best play of the year"" in the United States, securing the New York Theatre Critics’ award. Both productions will offer Saturday matinees and feature additional performances on Fridays, one at 5 p.m. and another at 9 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670817_2_180.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670817.2.180,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-75038400
4311,24,08,1967,"Toleration Urged (Press, 24 August 1967)","On 22 August 1967, the Wellington District Methodist Synod in Masterton expressed support for the legal toleration of homosexual acts between consenting male adults. This affirmation aligns with a stance taken by the national synod in 1961, which identified significant “anomalies” in the existing laws regarding homosexual offences. The synod highlighted a discrepancy in the legal treatment of male and female homosexuality, pointing out that while men faced punishment under the law, women could engage in similar acts without consequence. The synod believes there is no justification for such unequal treatment under the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670824_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670824.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-74433600
6560,26,08,1967,"Ministers Attacked About Paperbacks (Press, 26 August 1967)","On 25 August 1967, a controversy erupted in the New Zealand Parliament regarding the importation of 7990 paperback books, many of which were deemed pornographic. The Labour Opposition accused three Cabinet Ministers — the Minister of Justice, Mr Hanan; the Minister of Customs, Mr Shelton; and the Minister of Police, Mr Allen — of allowing these books to enter the country without consultation with the Indecent Publications Tribunal. According to Mr C. J. Moyle, a Labour MP, only 10 out of approximately 8000 imported books had been referred to the tribunal since March 1964, which he asserted indicated a failure of the Government to fulfil its responsibilities. Moyle claimed that the Government had improperly assumed rights in criticising the tribunal and suggested that their actions represented a dangerous encroachment on the tribunal's established functions. He argued that the true intent of Parliament was to have the tribunal operate free from bias, rather than conservative or liberal scrutiny. Moyle also indicated that it was the responsibility of the Police, Customs, and the Justice Department to refer questionable books to the tribunal, challenging the ministers on their reluctance to do so. In response, Mr Hanan defended the Government, arguing that the tribunal had cleared books that some citizens found objectionable. He cited an example of a book that was rejected by a local mayor after the tribunal approved it, asserting that it demonstrated the public's concern regarding the tribunal's standards. Dr. A. M. Finlay from the Labour Party labelled the debate an ""unseemly and tasteless wrangle,"" shifting the onus back to the Government for any shortcomings of the tribunal, which he claimed performed its duties with recognition. Mr Allen presented evidence of allegedly inappropriate publications that had been cleared by the tribunal, implying that the tribunal had set a standard lower than what was expected by Parliament. He invited Labour members to review these books, maintaining that the police were not a repressive authority and that public feedback had led to actions regarding specific publications. The controversy further escalated as members of both sides exchanged accusations. Critics within the Labour Party pointed to the Ministers' failures to address the presence of controversial publications in public view, with Mrs E. E. McMillan directly confronting Mr Shelton about the accessibility of these books to children and teenagers. Meanwhile, National MP Sir Leslie Munro voiced his discontent, asserting that the tribunal upheld individuals' rights to access controversial literature despite public discomfort. Ultimately, when questioned about the possibility of amending the Indecent Publications Act, Mr Hanan confirmed there would be no intention to do so. This controversy underlined the ongoing tension between government oversight, public morality, and the independence of the Indecent Publications Tribunal in managing the balance between censorship and free expression in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670826_2_231.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670826.2.231,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-74260800
6561,28,08,1967,"Theatre Company’s Excellent Job (Press, 28 August 1967)","The Canterbury Theatre Company's recent production of ""The Killing of Sister George,"" performed on 26 August 1967, has been hailed as a significant improvement over its previous works. Written by Frank Marcus, the play blends comedy with elements of satire and tragedy, particularly targeting the BBC and popular radio serials like ""The Archers."" The plot begins humorously when the BBC announces the death of Sister George, a beloved character in the fictional radio series ""Applehurst."" This turn of events impacts June Buckridge, the actress portraying Sister George, who has become so entwined with her character that she perceives this fictional death as a personal loss. A central theme of the play is a nuanced exploration of a lesbian relationship, presented with sincerity and maturity rather than shock or cheap sentiment. The emotional climax occurs when June is left alone, grappling with both her character's demise and the end of her same-sex relationship, providing a potentially moving conclusion. The production, directed by John Kim, was praised for its intelligence and sensitivity. However, minor criticisms suggest that the pacing could be improved to enhance comedic and tragic elements, and audience reactions at times disrupted the play's emotional intensity. The performances were similarly reviewed, with Kathleen Hilditch excelling in her portrayal of Sister George, encapsulating the character's fierce, possessive nature without losing her vulnerable side. Her emotional range was notable, although some moments felt overly intense early on, limiting further development of her character's desperation. Barbara Latham’s interpretation of Childie was appreciated for its skill, despite moments that veered toward a comic style that may not have matched the play's overall tone. Jacque Thomas, as Mrs Mercy, presented a younger take on the character, effectively embodying authority and eroticism, while Doreen Corrick's portrayal of Madame Xenia brought an eccentric flair to the production. Overall, ""The Killing of Sister George"" is regarded as a powerful and well-executed play, running until 2 September 1967, with special matinee performances scheduled for the final weekend.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670828_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670828.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-74088000
4312,01,09,1967,"Supreme Court Crown Appeals Against Decision On... (Press, 1 September 1967)","On 1 September 1967, the Crown appealed to the Supreme Court regarding a decision made by a magistrate to vacate convictions against two men for charges related to homosexual activities. During the appeal, Mr C. M. Roper, representing the Crown, argued that the case warranted serious legal scrutiny due to the nature of the offences, which involved indecent acts and could have resulted in significant prison sentences. He highlighted that the two men had engaged in indecent behaviour in public restrooms before going to one of the men's houses, where their activities continued. The older man was 44 years old, and the younger man was 22, with allegations of blackmail surfacing as part of the incident. Roper contended that the magistrate, Mr H. J. Evans, had overstepped his jurisdiction by vacating the convictions and discharging the men under the Criminal Justice Act. He asserted that the magistrate's decision was unduly influenced by external factors such as the Wolfenden report, legislative considerations from England regarding homosexuality, and various societal views on the matter. These considerations were deemed irrelevant under the statutory framework governing the case, which required that discretion be exercised based on the specific circumstances at hand. Mr G. R. Lascelles, representing one of the men, defended the magistrate's actions, arguing that they were in alignment with common sense and a judicial approach to justice. Lascelles urged that the magistrate's decision should not be dismissed merely because it was subject to differing opinions or perspectives on the matter. He referenced past judicial opinions that supported the notion of evolving public policy impacting judicial decisions over time. The attorney general, Mr Hanan, was cited as having some alignment with these views regarding the consideration of public sentiment in legal matters. The hearing involved extensive debate about the proper use of judicial discretion and whether the magistrate acted appropriately according to the law. While Roper argued that the exercise of discretion was improper given the severity of the crimes, Lascelles asserted that the existing legal framework bestowed broad discretion on the magistrate, which he exercised judiciously. The case highlighted the tension between legal statutes and evolving social norms surrounding homosexuality, especially as indicative legislative changes were taking place elsewhere. The magistrate's approach was under scrutiny for potentially anticipating changes in the law and diverging from the rigid application of criminal statutes. After several hours of discussion, the presiding judge indicated he would provide a ruling on the case the following day, underscoring the complexity of balancing legal principles with societal changes and judicial discretion in the context of criminal law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670901_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670901.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-73742400
4313,02,09,1967,"Supreme Court Judge Reverses Determination Of... (Press, 2 September 1967)","On 1 September 1967, the Supreme Court of New Zealand, presided over by Mr Justice Macarthur, reversed the decision of a magistrate who had vacated the convictions of two men, David Michael Smith (22) and Donald Wilson Cock (44), on homosexual charges. The magistrate, Mr H. J. Evans, had exercised discretion under the Criminal Justice Act to discharge the men after they pleaded guilty to committing and permitting indecent acts upon one another. Justice Macarthur ordered a rehearing of the charges, expressing doubt over the legitimacy of the original vacation of convictions. In his ruling, Justice Macarthur highlighted that the magistrate had mischaracterised the charges, which involved acts committed in a public park bathroom rather than in private. He also pointed out that the magistrate had noted the case’s “heavy overtones of blackmail,” indicating that the circumstances were not as straightforward as consensual acts between males in private homes. The Justice stressed that magistrates and judges are bound to enforce existing laws rather than speculate on potential legislative changes. Justice Macarthur noted the magistrate's consideration of societal trends towards decriminalising such acts. However, he firmly stated that it is the role of Parliament to change the law, not that of the judiciary, and that the magistrate had erroneously acted as if the law would soon change in favour of the accused. In light of this, the Justice concluded that the original determinations made by the magistrate were flawed, necessitating a reversal and a return of the cases to the Magistrate’s Court for a proper rehearing. Additionally, Justice Macarthur addressed the matter of suppressing the accused men’s names. Despite some consideration for non-publication, he clarified that there were no substantial grounds to warrant such suppression and rescinded the previous interim order against publishing their identities. (The order deemed that privacy could only be upheld under very exceptional circumstances, which he did not see applicable in this case.) The case thus highlights the complexities surrounding the legal treatment of homosexual acts in 1960s New Zealand, reflecting broader societal attitudes and the limits of judicial discretion within the constrained framework of existing laws. Justice Macarthur's decision underscored the necessity of adhering to legislative mandates while recognising the evolving public discourse regarding homosexuality. The hearings and subsequent rulings surrounding Smith and Cock's case would contribute to the ongoing dialogue about reforming laws related to sexual orientation and behaviour in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670902_2_171.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670902.2.171,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-73656000
4314,12,09,1967,"A Paper Of Letters (Press, 12 September 1967)","A new independent fortnightly newspaper titled ""Platform"" has launched in Taihape, aiming to provide a platform solely for letters discussing topical and intellectual subjects. The paper specifies that it is not affiliated with any political or other organisation. The inaugural issue features tightly formatted tabloid pages filled with letters on a diverse range of subjects, including the Vietnam War, women’s issues, programmed learning, illegitimacy, euthanasia, homosexual reform, the educational use of television, race relations, New Zealand's economic future, and moral decline. Other topics include atheism, university life, the influence of science on art and music, the school certificate, Asian language studies, legalised prostitution, student conduct, and matters regarding British withdrawal from the East. ""Platform"" aims to accept contributions from any authors, provided their letters are engaging, relevant, and free of libellous content. The paper states that submissions can vary greatly in length, from 10 to 10,000 words. Although it currently cannot offer financial compensation to contributors, writers will receive a complimentary copy of the issue in which their letter appears. The editorial addresses for the publication are listed as post office boxes located in Waiouru or Canberra.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670912_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670912.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-72792000
4315,14,09,1967,"Persecution Of Minority Group (Press, 14 September 1967)","At a meeting of the Christchurch Presbytery, a psychiatrist from Christchurch addressed the ongoing persecution of homosexuals under current laws, arguing that such legislation serves no real purpose. He questioned the rationale behind police raids on public lavatories and the prosecution of individuals for consensual homosexual acts conducted in private. The psychiatrist pointed out that countries which have liberalised their laws regarding homosexuality have not experienced an increase in public disturbances; in fact, such nuisances have decreased. He described immoral conduct as actions that harm others, asserting that consensual homosexual behaviour between adults in private does not inflict harm. The psychiatrist noted that discussions around homosexuality are often filled with irrational comments, attributing this phenomenon to people's discomfort with acknowledging homosexual traits within themselves that they have suppressed over time. He cautioned against conflating homosexuality with paedophilia, clarifying that paedophilia—defined as sexual attraction to children—is a separate condition associated with individuals from dysfunctional backgrounds or who experience loneliness and social ineffectiveness. Furthermore, he highlighted the misperception that individuals who have been imprisoned for homosexual acts represent the broader homosexual community. He challenged the notion that adolescent homosexual seduction is a primary cause of homosexuality, stating that there is no scientific evidence to support such claims. Instead, he indicated that persistent homosexual orientations are found in about 4 per cent of adult men and slightly fewer women, while approximately one-third of adult men have reported having some form of homosexual experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670914_2_185.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670914.2.185,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-72619200
4316,19,09,1967,"Homosexual Fined $l00 (Press, 19 September 1967)","On 19 September 1967, the Magistrate's Court imposed fines totalling $100 on Donald Wilson Cock, a 44-year-old married grocer, who had pleaded guilty to two charges of committing indecent acts involving a male. The court proceedings stemmed from a previous case where Cock was discharged without conviction under section 42 of the Criminal Justice Act, which led to a Crown appeal that required the charges to be reheard. Cock faced fines of $50 for each charge of committing an indecent act and permitting an indecent act to be performed on him. Represented by Mr B. S. McLaughlin, it was noted that the other individual involved in the offences had since left the country. The police statement revealed that Cock had initially complained to the authorities about being robbed of £35 by the other man. The police investigation traced the events to 29 June 1967, when Cock and the other man met at a public toilet in St Albans Park before proceeding to Cock's shop where the acts occurred. In his sentencing, the Magistrate, Mr E. A. Lee, acknowledged Cock's previous good reputation and the community service he had provided, expressing that it was tragic for someone with such standing to face charges like these. However, he highlighted disturbing aspects of the case, noting Cock had given a false statement to claim repayment from an insurance company for the money he had lost to the other man, which constituted fraud. The Magistrate expressed particular concern regarding the location where the acts took place, describing it as objectionable due to the potential risk posed to innocent individuals, especially children, who might be exposed to such offences in public conveniences. He pointed out that the courts had consistently responded strongly to cases involving homosexuals frequenting these locations. While considering the expenses incurred by Cock due to the proceedings, the Magistrate ultimately decided against suppressing Cock's name, stating that the community, especially parents and individuals using public toilets, had the right to be informed about someone who engaged in such conduct. The case underscored the societal tensions and legal challenges surrounding homosexual acts during that period in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670919_2_223.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670919.2.223,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-72187200
4317,20,09,1967,"Doctors Told They Lack Sex Knowledge (Press, 20 September 1967)","On 19 September 1967, Dr Harold Lief of the University of Pennsylvania addressed a symposium held by the American Academy of General Practice in New York, highlighting a significant gap in sex education among medical practitioners. He informed around 700 general practitioners, many of whom attended the event with their spouses, that many doctors possess knowledge about reproductive physiology and pathology but are generally ill-informed about broader sexual knowledge compared to their patients. This inadequacy is attributed to medical schools providing insufficient training in sex education, leaving physicians to self-educate in this crucial area. Dr Lief pointed out that a doctor's personal biases and discomfort often prevent them from fully addressing sexual issues when patients bring them up. He stressed the importance of developing effective medical history-taking and interviewing skills in order to better engage with patients on sexual matters. Another speaker, Dr Alfred Auerback from the University of California, focused on understanding sexual deviations. He presented data suggesting that four per cent of American men are exclusively homosexual throughout their lives, while 18 per cent had engaged in homosexual behaviour for three or more years, and 37 per cent had experienced at least one homosexual encounter. Dr Auerback argued that both male and female homosexuality stem from disturbed family relationships and impaired identifications, rejecting any biological basis for homosexuality. He also critiqued the term ""sex crime,"" stating that it reflects societal attitudes rather than the actual nature of the behaviours, claiming that most individuals deemed ""deviant"" generally do not cause significant physical or psychological harm. The symposium's discussions underscored the pressing need for enhanced sex education in medical training and a more informed and empathetic approach from healthcare professionals when addressing sexual health concerns with their patients.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670920_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670920.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-72100800
4318,23,09,1967,"Magistrate’s Court Three Months Gaol For Theft And... (Press, 23 September 1967)","On 23 September 1967, the Magistrate’s Court addressed several criminal cases, notably sentencing James William Burgess, a 27-year-old grocer, who faced multiple charges of theft and false pretences. Burgess, previously convicted 14 times for theft and nine times for false pretences, appeared for sentencing over offences committed between 19 August and 1 September. His lawyer, Mr J. M. Wilson, argued that Burgess's actions were linked to his mental illness and that he had previously received support from a woman, whose absence during her holiday had led to his relapse into crime. The Magistrate, Mr P. L. Molineaux, acknowledged the support from the woman but highlighted the importance of holding Burgess accountable for his actions, stating that mental health conditions should not be used as an excuse for criminal behaviour. Consequently, Burgess was sentenced to three months in prison on each charge, to be served concurrently, and was placed on probation for one year, along with an order for restitution of $95. The court also dealt with other cases, including that of 17-year-old Nanette Gail Tipa, who received a suspended sentence for theft, pending her appearance within six months if called upon. Barrie Paterson Sinclair, a student, was fined $14 for careless use of a motor vehicle. R. R. Prince Ltd was fined $16 for exceeding a heavy traffic licence, and Peter Morice Lines, another student, was fined $10 for failing to stop at a stop sign. James Meager Smitheran, 44, was fined $150 for stealing a raincoat and rug from a parked car, with the Magistrate warning of harsher penalties for future offences of dishonesty. David John O’Brien, a metal presser, was fined $10 for unlawfully entering a Transport Board bus. Lena Lewis, 48, was fined $6 for being found drunk on the wharf, with a four-day prison term in default of payment. Several traffic offences were prosecuted, with various individuals fined for not notifying a change of motor vehicle ownership, failing to give way, and operating vehicles without a warrant of fitness. In a more serious case, Paul Brian Herrick faced his 20-year-old son in court after the son assaulted him following an argument. The adult son was fined $40 and ordered to cover medical expenses for his father's injuries. The Magistrate remarked on the persistent trouble stemming from the family's issues and indicated that further actions could be necessary if such behaviour continued. Overall, the court addressed a range of offences highlighting issues of theft, traffic violations, and familial violence while stressing accountability and the implications of mental health in criminal behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19670923_2_191.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670923.2.191,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-71841600
4319,12,10,1967,"Meeting Discusses Homosexuality Law (Press, 12 October 1967)","At a meeting organised by the Howard League for Penal Reform on 11 October 1967, Dr J. R. E. Dobson criticised a detective superintendent for making unfounded statements regarding the dangers of homosexual practices. Dr Dobson asserted that there is insufficient evidence to support claims of degradation linked to homosexuality. He challenged the superintendent to provide evidence, which he failed to do, leading Dobson to declare him condemned for his lack of substantiation. He expressed concern over the ignorance surrounding homosexuality, noting that the public often refrains from educating themselves on the topic and thus allows laws that persecute a minority to persist. Dr Dobson also argued against police surveillance of public lavatories during times of budget cuts. The meeting was attended by roughly 30 participants and chaired by Mr P. H. T. Alpers. Alpers noted that the time was right to address the issue, explaining that New Zealand had traditionally followed English statutes without question. He remarked on the reluctance to discuss homosexuality openly, although the Wolfenden Report was causing some people to reconsider their views. He highlighted two key developments that prompted the meeting: the Christchurch magistrate’s decision to discharge two individuals under the Criminal Justice Act, which was later sent back for reconsideration by a Supreme Court ruling, and a speech by the Minister of Justice, Mr Hanan, at Victoria University, where he appeared open to the idea of liberalising laws surrounding homosexuality. Alpers pointed out that while the Minister suggested public opinion did not currently favour reform, this notion was debatable, especially since public sentiment had also influenced the Minister to make critical remarks about the Indecent Publications Tribunal. He questioned whether public opinion should dictate government policy on the issue, suggesting that those who are informed and have engaged with the topic should have a greater say. The chairman further discussed the justification for penal laws as serving to deter and represent public disapproval, questioning their effectiveness. He argued that instead of acting as a deterrent, existing laws create a secretive environment that might exacerbate the situation. Alpers contended that homosexual practices, when consensual and between adults, do not pose a threat to the state or society. He dismissed the notion that these practices lead to corruption, asserting that the idea that someone could be easily swayed into homosexuality was fundamentally flawed. Rev. W. S. Dawson added that homosexuality is a human issue and should be approached with compassion and openness to dialogue. He acknowledged that there is much more to learn about the complexities of the problem. However, some speakers expressed opposition to reform, citing that homosexual practices contradict Christian teachings, indicating a divergence of opinions in the discussion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671012_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671012.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-70200000
4320,27,10,1967,"German Justice Minister Champions Law Reform (Press, 27 October 1967)","Dr Gustav Heinemann, West Germany's Minister of Justice, is leading a campaign to reform the country's obsolete penal code that punishes homosexuality, adultery, abortion, and blasphemy with severe penalties. He aims to eradicate the harshness of the 96-year-old law, which allows for up to five years in prison for homosexual acts, 15 years for abortion, six months for adultery, and up to three years for blasphemy. Heinemann has received significant backing from critics who describe the current legal framework as illogical, intolerant, and outdated. Speaking against the blasphemy law, Heinemann stated that God does not require legal protection, arguing that not all violations of Christian ethics should incur state prosecution. This position is reflective of his larger goal of separating moral questions from legal frameworks. He has a history of political dissent, having resigned from former Chancellor Konrad Adenauer’s Cabinet due to his strong opposition to German rearmament. A new draft penal code introduced five years ago is currently being reviewed by Parliament. This draft, however, seeks to maintain prison sentences for the same offences. Heinemann is actively urging the legal committee to amend this draft within the current government term, which is set to conclude in 1969. He believes that no one should interfere in consensual adult homosexual relationships and insists that laws should not be constructed solely around Christian moral beliefs. Furthermore, Heinemann advocates for the removal of prison sentences for rape victims seeking abortions, asserting that the suffering of a woman forced to bear a child resembling her assailant is an unnecessary cruelty. Under existing German law, abortions are only permissible to save the life or health of the mother. Critically, Heinemann has also challenged the proposed increase of the adultery sentence from six months to one year, labelling it as absurd and ineffective, with very few cases resulting in actual prison time. The discourse surrounding these legal reforms has persisted for over a decade. Many lawyers argue that the current legal framework, dating back to 1871, fails to accommodate the social realities of contemporary Germany, which contradicts the outdated view of morality it embodies. Approximately 87% of German men and 70% of women are thought to have premarital sex, yet the current laws present a retributive response to such conduct. Heinemann argues that the aim of punishment should be to promote the individual's reintegration into society rather than solely focusing on moral correction. His views reflect a progressive shift towards prioritising community peace over strict moral enforcement. The debate around these issues continues to be a significant topic in contemporary German society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671027_2_163.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671027.2.163,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-68904000
7726,07,11,1967,"Discharge ‘good News’ (Press, 7 November 1967)","The Bishop of Wellington, the Rev. H. W. Baines, expressed his approval regarding the dismissal of charges against Professor Geering, stating that it was positive news for those who value the truth within Christianity. He acknowledged that while Geering's comments prompted significant questions, they did not always lead people to expect the correct answers. Rev. Godfrey Wilson of St Peter’s church noted that Geering's remarks had effectively shaken the Church from its complacency. He described the move to charge Geering for his comments as a misunderstanding and indicated that he was not surprised by the dismissal of these charges. Additionally, the chairman of the Congregational Union of New Zealand, the Rev. J. B. Chambers, underscored the importance of freedom of thought and speech within the Church, reinforcing that the dismissal of the charges was beneficial. The overall sentiment among the clergy was one of support for academic freedom and engagement with challenging ideas within religious discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671107_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671107.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-67953600
4321,13,11,1967,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 13 November 1967)","The New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society is preparing to petition Parliament for changes to the laws concerning homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. Mr J. W. Goodwin, the society's secretary, highlighted that recent modifications to abortion laws in Britain have sparked renewed interest and debate surrounding similar issues in New Zealand, including those related to homosexual law. He expressed the hope that members of both political parties will approach the topic of homosexual law reform with the same level of rational consideration that they have shown towards abortion legislation. Goodwin pointed out that the matter is gaining significant attention from various churches and universities across the country. The society comprises members from diverse backgrounds and professions, reflecting a broad base of support for reform. As part of its educational initiatives, the society is developing publications aimed at providing facts to facilitate responsible discussions on the subject, which Goodwin indicated is expected by the Minister of Justice. The society is optimistic about fostering informed dialogue as they seek meaningful change in the legal treatment of homosexual acts in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671113_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671113.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-67435200
4322,15,11,1967,"Tetanus Victim (Press, 15 November 1967)","On 14 November 1967, it was reported that a 12-year-old boy from Queenstown named John Flaus is receiving treatment in the intensive care unit at Kew Hospital in Invercargill for tetanus. John had sustained a cut to his knee after falling off his bicycle late last month, which initially healed without complications. However, after attending cricket practice, he began to experience a sore back. Despite being examined by a doctor who found no immediate concerns, his condition worsened by Saturday when he developed a tight jaw and ulcers in his mouth. This prompted a diagnosis of tetanus. Following the diagnosis, John was urgently taken to Invercargill by his family for further medical care. The superintendent in chief of Southland Hospitals, Dr H. J. H. Hiddlestone, reported that John is responding well to treatment. Additionally, it was announced that a new branch of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society has been established in Christchurch. Those interested in more information can contact the new branch at P.O. Box 5077, Papanui.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671115_2_189.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671115.2.189,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-67262400
4324,16,11,1967,"Vice Ring Alleged (Press, 16 November 1967)","On 15 November 1967, California Governor Ronald Reagan addressed allegations regarding a purported homosexual ring within his administration during a press conference. Under persistent questioning from journalists, he firmly refuted the claims, stating, “I have never had, and do not have, any evidence or proof that would warrant any such accusation.” He asserted that no formal accusations or charges had been made against him or his administration. The speculations arose following reports initiated by columnist Drew Pearson, which suggested that Reagan had dismissed certain close aides due to the discovery of this alleged homosexual ring. This was not the first time Reagan had addressed these claims; during a previous press conference held a month earlier, he labelled Pearson’s assertions as lies and reiterated that they were untrue. In a lighter news note from the same day, Prince Charles was celebrated on his 19th birthday with a traditional bell-ringing ceremony at the university church in Cambridge. This longstanding tradition has been observed for over 200 years, marking both the birthdays of the heir to the throne and the reigning monarch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671116_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671116.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-67176000
4323,16,11,1967,"World-wide Resurgence In Venereal Diseases (Press, 16 November 1967)","On 16 November 1967, the Health Department released a final article discussing the historical context of venereal disease (VD) in New Zealand. The article reflected on past practices related to women suspected of transmitting VD, particularly spotlighting the Contagious Diseases Act of 1864, which allowed for their arrest and mandatory treatment. Originally intended to safeguard servicemen in garrison towns, this legislation was met with strong criticism for its discriminatory nature. Similar compulsory treatment laws were implemented in various countries and, although modified over time, they continue to be in effect in some regions. As the understanding of these diseases improved early in the 20th century, particularly after the First World War, new laws were introduced in both Britain and New Zealand to promote awareness and treatment options. In 1917, free treatment clinics began operating in major New Zealand centres, but a report in 1923 referred to the need for cultivating a healthier public opinion, highlighting an ongoing ""mistaken policy of reticence"" regarding discussions about VD. The report stressed the importance of maintaining patient confidentiality. Unlike other countries that enforced compulsory notification of cases, New Zealand encouraged patients to inform their partners about potential exposure, which fostered a more open approach to treatment. The incidence of VD rose during the 1930s and once again after the Second World War, yet effective antibiotics like penicillin drastically reduced the treatment duration and, by 1955, the situation appeared significantly improved. However, the outlook changed with social transformations, including the Street Offences Act of 1959 in England, which aimed to manage prostitution. In the aftermath of such reforms, there were not only rises in clandestine prostitution but also increased cases of venereal diseases, notably in Asia, which remained a major source of infection. By 1957, there was a notable resurgence in the occurrence of both syphilis and gonorrhoea worldwide, prompting the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) to call for the development of effective vaccines. In New Zealand, while syphilis rates slightly increased, gonorrhoea cases surged, particularly among the young. The most affected demographics included unskilled workers, seasonal labourers, seamen, individuals in prisons, and homosexuals. Dr R. S. Morton, in his book ""Venereal Diseases,"" remarked that as societal wealth increases, economic incentives to enter prostitution diminish. He noted that the ""good-time girl"" is replacing traditional prostitution as a contributor to VD spread. The Health Department concluded that public awareness and education are essential for addressing the problem effectively. Despite the historical taboo surrounding the topic in New Zealand, authorities now believe that society is ready for more candid discussions about venereal diseases and the importance of health education in controlling their spread.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671116_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671116.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-67176000
4325,02,12,1967,"Homosexual Acts ‘morally Neutral’ (Press, 2 December 1967)","On 1 December 1967, a symposium attended by 90 Episcopalian clergymen in New York discussed the moral implications of homosexual acts. The event, known as Project H, was held at the Cathedral of St John the Divine and was supported by the Episcopal dioceses of New York, Connecticut, Long Island, and New Jersey. The discussions led to a consensus among many of the participating priests that homosexual acts should not be condemned, provided there is evidence of love between the partners involved. The Rev. Walter D. Dennis, who organised the symposium, highlighted the need for Christians to reconsider traditional views that have ostracised homosexuals, likening their current treatment to that of “modern-day lepers.” He asserted that homosexual relationships between consenting adults should be evaluated using the same criteria as heterosexual marriages, emphasising that the focus should be on whether these relationships foster enduring love. However, the symposium did not lack dissenting opinions. The Rev. L. Robert Foutz voiced a contrasting viewpoint, insisting that homosexual acts should always be viewed as perversions, as they do not align with the natural processes of child-rearing. While the majority of clergymen leaned towards a more accepting stance on homosexual relationships, the discussions underscored the complexities and differing beliefs within the church regarding the moral evaluation of love and sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671202_2_190.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671202.2.190,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-65793600
4326,09,12,1967,"Homosexual Corruption Of Soldiers Alleged (Press, 9 December 1967)","On 7 December 1967, it was reported that the Director of Public Prosecutions in the UK was contemplating criminal charges related to allegations involving young soldiers being corrupted at high-society homosexual parties. The Attorney-General, Sir Elwyn Jones, confirmed in Parliament that a police report regarding these allegations had been received, prompting considerations for potential criminal proceedings. A Conservative Member of Parliament, Sir Cyril Osborne, urged the Attorney-General to expedite the investigation, particularly as a newspaper report suggested that the issue could potentially compromise the honour of a member of Parliament. The “Daily Mail” disclosed that Scotland Yard's vice squad had conducted an extensive investigation into the homosexual activities involving a prominent Labour M.P., though Scotland Yard itself refrained from commenting on the matter. The allegations suggested that young soldiers from the Welsh Guards and the Household Cavalry were lured to extravagant homosexual parties hosted in affluent London flats and large country estates by a wealthy vice ring. It was claimed that these soldiers were enticed by affluent men from various sectors including politics, the legal field, religion, and entertainment, and were offered lavish gifts for their attendance at these gatherings. While private homosexual acts between consenting adults had been legalised in Britain following an amendment to the Sexual Offences Act in July 1967, such acts remained illegal within the military. The unfolding investigation has raised significant concerns about the conduct of certain individuals within political and social spheres, as well as the treatment of young soldiers in these circumstances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671209_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671209.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-65188800
4327,11,12,1967,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 11 December 1967)","On 11 December 1967, a set of guidelines for submitting letters to the Editor was outlined. Letters should be preferably typed, or if handwritten, must be in ink on one side of the paper only. A legible signature and full address are mandatory, with a stipulation that a P.O. box number is insufficient for publication purposes. Writers must also explicitly state if their letters have been sent to other publications. The Editor reserves the right to refuse unsuitable letters without offering the chance for return or acknowledgment, although necessary communications may be made at the Editor's discretion. Additionally, letters should not exceed 150 words. Several specific topics were mentioned regarding correspondence. Brian Blackmore discussed the shared production of a performance with Whim Wham, while G. N. Smith suggested some queries were better suited for the advertising section. A writer expressing disappointment as an ex-All Black was informed that there was no space for further discussion on that topic. Similarly, concerns about recent discussions on homosexual law could not be repeated due to space limitations. Furthermore, inquiries addressing country medical services were declared closed and would not be revisited. A legal query regarding the validity of lightning-related claims was advised to be tested in courts, which prompted a recommendation to consult a solicitor for further advice. Lastly, an Indignant Kiwi expressed frustration regarding New Zealand's non-action towards bringing a matter to the United Nations, noting that international jurisdiction would require consent from both involved governments, including the Scottish Nationalist Government-In-Exile. The Editor reiterated a lack of available space for these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671211_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671211.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-65016000
6852,20,12,1967,"Gloomy Forecast, But Swingers Still Wave Flag (Press, 20 December 1967)","In December 1967, London faced alarming revelations about its geography and public health. It was disclosed that the city is sinking at an annual rate of 13 inches, resulting in it being 15 feet lower than during Roman times. This winter, concerns were raised about the swollen Thames potentially overflowing its banks, threatening to inundate central London and its underground tunnels, which could lead to catastrophic consequences for thousands, including the Houses of Parliament. This scenario comes amidst a backdrop of significant turmoil across Britain. The countryside has witnessed a devastating outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease, leading to the slaughter of over 220,000 cattle and sheep in a desperate bid to contain the crisis. The resulting desolation has seen rural areas become eerily empty, with public spaces closed and gatherings banned. The nation grapples with broader issues such as economic devaluation, a withdrawal from conflict in Aden, and the spectre of Scottish and Welsh independence movements. French President Charles de Gaulle has also continuously obstructed Britain’s attempts to join the European Economic Community. The overall sentiment reflects a nation teetering on the brink of decline. Despite these challenges, London continues its vibrant cultural shift, particularly symbolised by contrasting neighbourhoods. Regent Street's Christmas decorations showcase a fantasy-like Disney theme, while nearby Carnaby Street features avant-garde, pop-art displays that resonate with the rebellious spirit of the youth. The juxtaposition highlights a growing cultural divide within Britain, encapsulated in a newfound obsession with the Union Jack that has emerged amid the waning days of the British Empire. Flags are ubiquitous in shops and on merchandise, flaunted in ways that reflect a modish yet ironic pride. Style trends epitomise this cultural upheaval, with London’s youth embracing increasingly unconventional fashion that skews traditional gender norms. Men adopt flamboyant styles while women’s fashion appears to fluctuate between camp and militaristic influences, with thigh-high boots becoming a prevalent obsession. Underneath this seemingly confident exterior, however, Britain is beset with a resurgence of anti-World War II sentiment, challenging the long-held view of the conflict as a valiant struggle. This sentiment is evident in recent media productions, like Richard Lester's film ""How I Won the War,"" which critiques British militarism, and other works questioning the war's legitimacy. In theatre, Joan Littlewood's provocative “Mrs Wilson’s Diary” directly targets the current political leadership, reflecting broader discontent. These evolving cultural expressions attract diverse audiences, indicating a societal shift that unites the traditional with the radical. While the ghosts of Old Britain endure, the public's appetite for change is palpable. As London swings into a new era, it starkly contrasts with the turbulent events shaping the British landscape, presenting a nation grappling with its identity amid unfolding chaos.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19671220_2_25_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19671220.2.25.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-64238400
7819,13,01,1968,"Youngest Designer (Press, 13 January 1968)","Derek Jarman, a 25-year-old stage designer of New Zealand heritage, has gained recognition for his work on the new ballet ""Jazz Calendar"" by Frederick Ashton at Covent Garden, becoming the youngest designer ever employed by the Royal Ballet. Praised by the ballet critic of ""The Times"" as a ""brilliant discovery,"" Jarman initially had not planned to pursue stage design but was focused on painting, having studied at the Slade until last year. He views painting and stage design as interconnected, noting that many influential stage sets have been created by painters like Picasso, Gabo, and Matisse. For ""Jazz Calendar,"" Jarman’s designs reflect a theme based on the nursery rhyme ""Monday’s child, Tuesday’s child ..."", featuring striking and unconventional elements. His set includes an oversized red hoop, a mirror mosaic, a large triangle of clear perspex spheres, and a gradient pyramid that shifts from navy to light blue. Notably, his design for ""Friday’s child,"" associated with ""loving and giving,"" includes a red-and-white love-knot. Despite his evident success in stage design, Jarman remains more passionate about painting. He had exhibited at the annual London show “The Young Contemporaries” the previous year and is exploring ideas for 'multiples,' which are art pieces meant for mass production at affordable prices. Some of his inventive concepts include a foot-square box with coloured drinking straws intended to be shaken into various patterns on specific dates, and a ""commuter case""—a miniature suitcase designed for urban dwellers longing for the countryside, lined with grass on the inside.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680113_2_19_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680113.2.19.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-62164800
7634,24,02,1968,"Supreme Court Three Men Sent To Prison (Press, 24 February 1968)","On 24 February 1968, Douglas Bruce McFarlane, a 33-year-old Australian, was sentenced to three years imprisonment in the Supreme Court on five charges of sodomy. McFarlane, who suffers from cerebral haemorrhage, was said by his counsel, Mr D. J. Hewitt, to be in such a precarious state that he could ""drop dead at any moment"". Mr Hewitt argued for McFarlane's deportation, stating that requiring medical attention in New Zealand would be costly for taxpayers. However, Mr C. M. Roper, representing the Crown, contended that Australian offenders in New Zealand should not face lesser penalties than imprisonment. McFarlane, a former soldier, had pleaded guilty to the charges concerning three male youths aged between 16 and 18, having reversed a prior not guilty plea. He had arrived in New Zealand in March 1967, after violating parole in Melbourne, where he had previously received two sentences of three years for indecency involving males. Justice Macarthur, during sentencing, expressed regret over McFarlane's criminal behaviour, especially given his previously good record with the Australian Army, and indicated that his deportation would be determined by the Minister of Immigration. In a separate case, Edwyn John Merewether, a 27-year-old carpenter, attempted to rape a 65-year-old woman. His counsel presented a psychiatric report from Dr R. W. Medlicott, suggesting Merewether was in a semi-automatic state driven by a compulsive tendency at the time of the offence. Given the circumstances, Justice Macarthur sentenced Merewether to 10 months imprisonment, followed by a year of probation with the condition of undergoing psychiatric treatment. The judge acknowledged the need for a substantial penalty but recognised the peculiar circumstances surrounding the case, also noting Merewether's positive qualities as a worker and his lack of a prior criminal record. William Warren Cane, a 21-year-old unemployed workman, received a six-month prison sentence for conspiring to defeat the course of justice. Cane, already disqualified from driving, conspired with a passenger in his vehicle to switch seats and falsely claim that the passenger was driving when stopped by police. After standing trial and conducting his own defence, Cane had been warned by Justice Macarthur for his conduct, which bordered on contempt of court. Upon sentencing, the judge considered Cane's youth and the time he had already served for disqualified driving but emphasised the importance of adhering to legal restrictions and not obstructing police efforts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680224_2_168.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680224.2.168,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-58536000
4328,22,04,1968,"Homosexual Law Change Urged (Press, 22 April 1968)","On 22 April 1968, the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society published two pamphlets advocating for the decriminalisation of private homosexual activity between consenting adults. The society argued that the legal status quo represented a longstanding injustice, effectively branding nearly 50,000 men as potential criminals due solely to their sexual orientation. The pamphlets emphasised the need for understanding and support for homosexual individuals, who come from various professions and social classes, and who may include close relations, such as sons and brothers. One of the pamphlets consists of 50 questions and answers addressing common misconceptions about homosexuality. It states that homosexuality is not a disease, points out the uncertainty of treatment outcomes, and highlights how existing laws make homosexuals vulnerable to blackmail and suicidal tendencies. Additionally, the society noted that while Minister of Justice Mr Hanan had dismissed some arguments against reform, the government appeared to have misjudged public sentiment, as reflected in numerous church reports. The second pamphlet, authored by Mr C. J. F. Parkin, a lecturer in philosophy at Victoria University and an Anglican lay reader, argued that legal reform would help homosexuals better integrate into society and seek necessary support without the fear of criminalisation. Parkin contended that homosexuals can be found across various professions, challenging stereotypes that characterise them exclusively in a narrow manner. Addressing the notion of sexual impulses, the pamphlet acknowledged that while self-control is a valued trait and many homosexuals manage it, it is unrealistic to expect all individuals to refrain from sexual experiences entirely. The pamphlet highlighted that marriage, commonly viewed as a solution for sexual fulfilment within heterosexual contexts, is not an option for homosexuals. The Homosexual Law Reform Society, which includes notable figures such as Anglican bishops and several professionals from diverse fields, is set to present its case to the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in the upcoming session, advocating for a significant change in New Zealand's laws regarding homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680422_2_177.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680422.2.177,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-53524800
4330,08,05,1968,"Goldwater Sues For Libel (Press, 8 May 1968)","The trial of Barry Goldwater's $2 million libel suit against ""Fact"" magazine commenced on 7 May 1968, with his wife providing testimony regarding his mental health. Goldwater's attorney, Roger Robb, described a 1964 article from ""Fact"" titled “1189 Psychiatrists Say Goldwater is Psychologically Unfit to be President” as ""scurrilous."" This article allegedly contained defamatory statements suggesting that Goldwater had experienced two nervous breakdowns and exhibited latent homicidal and homosexual tendencies. During the trial, Mrs Goldwater asserted that her husband had never received psychiatric treatment but acknowledged that he had once been exhausted while working long hours in a department store in 1937. She explained that in their Indiana upbringing, such exhaustion was referred to as a nervous breakdown. Following a period of rest in Honolulu, she claimed he returned to good health. Defence attorney Harris Steinberg argued that Goldwater’s decision to sue ""Fact"" was motivated by its publisher, Mr Ginzburg, who had a pending conviction for mailing obscene material and was waiting for a potential prison sentence. Steinberg pointed out that Goldwater had not taken legal action against other publications that had published similar claims, suggesting that the lawsuit was targeting ""Fact"" specifically due to Ginzburg’s legal troubles. The magazine claimed to have conducted extensive research, sending out questionnaires to 12,356 psychiatrists, with 2,417 responding. Of those, 1,189 psychiatrists deemed Goldwater unfit for the presidency, while 657 found him fit, and 571 felt they lacked sufficient information to make a judgement. Steinberg noted that the article aimed to inform the public during a critical time when the question of nuclear weapons was on many minds. He also highlighted that Goldwater had previously made statements indicating that he considered the article to be fair comment. Information regarding his purported nervous breakdowns had been referenced from other magazine articles quoting Mrs Goldwater. The trial reflects the tense atmosphere surrounding the 1964 Republican presidential candidate as he sought to clear his name amid challenging accusations related to his mental fitness for leadership.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680508_2_145.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680508.2.145,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-52142400
4329,08,05,1968,"U.k. Guardsmen In Court (Press, 8 May 1968)","On 7 May 1968, a wealthy interior decorator named Oliver Ford was fined £700 after being found guilty of committing indecent homosexual acts with soldiers from the Life Guards, an elite regiment that guards Buckingham Palace. The case highlighted the extent of the issue, as a police witness revealed that investigations involved one-third of the regiment's troopers. Alongside Ford, two soldiers were charged; however, they received conditional discharges for a period of two years. The events primarily transpired at a public house called Tattersail's, located in the affluent Knightsbridge area of London, near the soldiers' barracks. From this venue, the soldiers were allegedly taken to Ford's country house, where financial transactions for the acts ranged from £5 to £20. The prosecuting counsel noted that the soldiers involved were not primarily homosexual but engaged in these acts for monetary compensation, emphasising that all participants were aware of the nature of their actions. Ford, aged 42 and a company director in addition to his role as an interior decorator, admitted to charges of gross indecency and conspiracy concerning one of the soldiers, Barry Robert Brooks, a 20-year-old trooper who also pleaded guilty to multiple charges, including conspiracy to procure guardsmen. Another soldier, Jeffrey Victor Sheffield, a 27-year-old corporal in the Horse Guards, admitted guilt on two counts of procuring. The case against a third soldier who was also accused of procuring was scheduled for a later trial. Despite the passage of the Sexual Offences Act in 1967, which legalised homosexual acts between consenting adults, such actions remained illegal within the British Army, establishing a complex legal and moral landscape for those involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680508_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680508.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-52142400
4331,29,05,1968,"New Director For Museum (Press, 29 May 1968)","Sir John Wolfenden has been appointed as the next director and principal librarian of the British Museum, according to a report from London on 28 May 1968. Sir John is known for leading an important inquiry 12 years prior into homosexual offences and prostitution. His report, published in 1960, made significant recommendations that influenced British law. Notably, it recommended that soliciting by prostitutes be criminalised, while advocating for the decriminalisation of homosexual acts in private between consenting adults. His new role at the British Museum marks a significant milestone in his career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680529_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680529.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-50328000
6853,01,06,1968,"Literary Views And Reviews We, The Accused . . . (Press, 1 June 1968)","The publication ""Crime in New Zealand,"" reviewed on 1 June 1968, presents a comprehensive survey of criminal behaviour within the country, constituting a pioneering effort in New Zealand's examination of crime. The book, produced under the auspices of the Department of Justice, reflects a shift in perspective regarding the relationship between society and crime, highlighting the complexities of criminal behaviour as a by-product of contemporary living conditions. It offers an analytical view of society's actions and beliefs, revealing the underlying factors contributing to crime amidst a well-off community. With input from a variety of sources including judges, magistrates, and academics, the book comprises 417 pages and covers a range of topics from violent offences and sexual crimes to issues of suicide, abortion, and procedural matters such as bail. The Minister of Justice, Mr Hanan, introduces the book, arguing for its importance in refining penal methods and inciting discussion on the state of crime. He emphasises the book's role in spurring public reflection and collaboration in seeking better outcomes for crime prevention and societal order. The content is structured to facilitate easy engagement, making it compelling to read. The introductory chapter titled “The face of crime” sets the tone for a thoughtful exploration of social trends and responses to crime, while also addressing the challenges posed by mental health issues in relation to criminal acts, including insights about suicide rates among farmers, which challenge the perception of rural life as inherently calm. Additionally, the volume discusses topics like transvestism and voyeurism, examining their roots in social behaviour and psychology. Such discussions are aimed at demystifying these practices and linking them to broader societal influences and personal histories. The authors reflect on the nature of commercial crime, suggesting that financial strains may lead individuals across varying socioeconomic statuses to engage in unethical behaviour, and hint that many crimes remain unreported or undetected. While addressing severe crimes and their implications on societal order, the narrative also brings forth debates regarding the adequacy of the legal penalties system. It posits whether stricter penalties or more leniency would yield better societal results. Despite minor critiques regarding indexing and details, the review indicates that ""Crime in New Zealand"" serves as an essential academic tool. The book has potential for wider interest not only within New Zealand but also among international scholars and neighbouring countries, prompting consideration for a similar study in Australia, which might further enhance the understanding of criminal behaviours in a comparative context. In conclusion, the review encapsulates ""Crime in New Zealand"" as a significant literary contribution that thoughtfully engages with the topic of crime, serving to enlighten the public as it seeks answers to ongoing challenges in criminal justice and societal wellbeing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680601_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680601.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-50068800
4332,13,06,1968,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 13 June 1968)","On 13 June 1968, a set of guidelines for submitting letters to the Editor was outlined. It was specified that letters should preferably be typed; if handwritten, they must be in ink and written on one side only. Each letter must include a legible signature and a full address, as P.O. box numbers are deemed insufficient. Authors are required to indicate whether their letters have been sent to other publications. The Editor retains the right to reject letters that do not meet the publication standards and will not return or acknowledge unsuitable submissions, although acknowledgements may be issued where appropriate. Furthermore, letters must not exceed 150 words. Several letters were referenced, with some being rejected for various reasons: O. Picton-Jones’s letter was too lengthy; a letter from X had insufficient information beyond what was reported from Sydney; the Shopkeeper was advised to wait for a court decision; and Mrs. L. A. George’s concerns about privileges were noted as applicable to many. R. Fittgerald’s correspondence regarding unemployment was not currently accepted, while C. D. Meurk and Christian Mother were both informed that further discussion on homosexual law and abortion, respectively, was not feasible at that time. Other letters, such as one from Merely David Adams, were acknowledged as contextually appropriate, while a respondent named Concerned was suggested to directly reach out to the individual mentioned in their letter. B. Andersen was reminded of the cost of courtesy in correspondence, and F.R.B. was informed that the topic in question was sub judice, which limited discussion. Finally, Th. E. Juarlus’s submission was also rejected for exceeding the word limit. The publication assured that all factories and food processing plants receive literature on safety and undergo regular inspections. In conclusion, Ball and Chain was encouraged to submit a compliant letter for consideration regarding their complaint.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680613_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680613.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-49032000
4333,21,06,1968,"Day Seminar On Homosexuality (Press, 21 June 1968)","The Canterbury Mental Health Association is organising a seminar focused on the sociological aspects of homosexuality, scheduled for September 1968. This event will gather a wide range of professionals, including magistrates, lawyers, doctors, psychologists, social workers, probation officers, police officers, nurses, schoolteachers, and clergy, who have been invited to participate. The seminar aims to encourage discussions around several key themes, including the causes, prevention, and treatment of homosexual disorders, the legal framework surrounding homosexuality, and societal attitudes towards it. Various speakers from legal, sociological, psychiatric, and other fields have accepted invitations to present their papers, contributing to a comprehensive exploration of these important issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680621_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680621.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-48340800
4334,26,06,1968,"Advice On Sabotaging Army (Press, 26 June 1968)","On 25 June 1968, it was reported that a controversial pamphlet selling for 5 cents was being circulated among students across Australia, which provided alarming instructions on how to sabotage the Armed Forces in response to conscription for the Vietnam War. The pamphlet, aimed at young men facing the possibility of being called up, included detailed guidance on starting fires, damaging radio and radar systems, disrupting aircraft, and incapacitating Army vehicles. This approach marks a significant shift from the previously non-violent methods employed by anti-conscription advocates, such as William White and Simon Townsend. The pamphlet has drawn severe criticism, with some describing it as ""treacherous, seditious and subversive."" The Australian Federal Attorney-General, Mr Nigel Bowen, has demanded a comprehensive report on the matter, reflecting concerns among government officials regarding the evolving tactics of the anti-conscription movement. This development follows a notable increase in support for anti-conscription efforts, especially after Townsend's legal victories against conscription, which drew significant media attention and public sympathy. The government's challenges have also been compounded by pressure from various sectors, including newspapers, churches, and educational institutions, which have sided with the anti-conscriptionists and compelled the government to make concessions to its National Service Bill. These events highlight the difficulties faced by the government in compelling service from individuals with strong convictions against military service. Additionally, an inquiry into the pamphlet coincides with plans by left-wing student groups from eleven universities to reinforce their anti-conscription stance through the formation of the Socialist Students' Alliance. This coalition aims to coordinate activities among radical student groups across Australia, and their commitment includes intensified efforts against conscription. The pamphlet, titled ""How Not To Join The Army,"" signals a movement away from passive resistance towards active disobedience and sabotage. It offers a mix of light-hearted tips and serious advice, warning that engaging in sabotage is meant only for the most committed individuals, who risk potential imprisonment. Suggestions included ways to fail medical exams, evade international travel restrictions, and disrupt military operations once enlisted. While some of the pamphlet's advice was delivered in a mockingly casual tone, it contained more pointed instructions on causing physical damage to military equipment. Claims were made regarding how easy it is to start fires and damage aircraft and vehicles, which could prompt significant concern from military authorities. Reportedly, around 5000 copies of the pamphlet had already been distributed within university settings, indicating the breadth of its reach and the urgency of the anti-conscription message among students.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680626_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680626.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-47908800
4335,29,06,1968,"Psychological Causes Of Crime (Press, 29 June 1968)","On 29 June 1968, Dr B. James, a senior lecturer in psychological medicine at the University of Otago, addressed the Canterbury Mental Health Association's annual meeting in Christchurch, discussing the relationship between societal frustration and crime. He noted that while not all crime can be attributed to psychiatric illness, there are significant socio-economic factors and deep-rooted early childhood experiences that can lead individuals to criminal behaviour. One example he highlighted was the prevalence of shoplifting among women, attributing such actions to unresolved crises that can emerge from one's childhood. Dr James elaborated that many adult behaviours, including promiscuity and irresponsible actions, often stem from issues faced in childhood. He commended the Canterbury Mental Health Association for its efforts in educating the community about healthy child-rearing practices, emphasising the importance of children feeling wanted and loved as fundamental to their ability to form friendships and love later in life. He further expressed concern over the New Zealand tendency toward physical discipline, arguing that this could lead to detrimental outcomes exemplified by the ""battered baby"" syndrome. Dr James drew attention to the emotional turmoil surrounding separations of young children from their parents due to hospitalisation, questioning existing regulations that prevent children under 12 from visiting parents in such settings. He suggested that accommodating arrangements to allow parental presence in hospitals would be beneficial. He challenged conventional notions of mental health care, asserting that for every individual seeking treatment, there are five to ten others who require psychological or psychiatric support but do not present themselves. He warned against categorising individuals with ""isms"" such as alcoholism or homosexuality, arguing that these labels reduce a person's complexity and can absolve them of personal responsibility by suggesting their condition is a medical issue rather than a personal choice. During the meeting, new officers of the Canterbury Mental Health Association were also elected, with Dr H. D. Livingstone taking the presidency. Others in elected positions included Professor H. R. Gray as vice-president, the Rev. C. A. Mitchell as secretary, and Mr J. B. Hindon as treasurer, alongside a diverse executive team comprising medical and community members. Dr James's presentation underlined the intricate links between mental health, childhood experiences, and societal behaviour, calling for greater community involvement and understanding in addressing these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680629_2_179_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680629.2.179.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-47649600
7717,05,07,1968,"Petition Seeks Law Reform (Press, 5 July 1968)","On 4 July 1968, a petition was presented to the New Zealand Parliament advocating for significant reforms in criminal law, particularly concerning homosexuality and prisoner rehabilitation. The petition, introduced by Labour MP Mr J. L. Hunt on behalf of Dr A. M. Finlay, was developed by the New Zealand Howard League for Penal Reform, an established society focused on reducing crime rates and enhancing offender rehabilitation. The petition called for the implementation of recommendations from the British Wolfenden report, which suggested that consensual homosexual acts between adults in private should no longer be considered a criminal offence. This reflects a growing movement towards decriminalising homosexuality and acknowledging individual rights regarding personal relationships. In addition to the decriminalisation of homosexuality, the petition urged the Government to improve mental health resources, specifically emphasising the need for more psychologists and psychiatrists to address issues related to homosexuality. It also proposed reforms to the prison system, recommending the use of unwalled prisons for most inmates, following practices observed in some foreign facilities. This change aimed at creating a more rehabilitative rather than punitive environment for prisoners. Furthermore, the petition sought to limit the incarceration of first-time offenders, suggesting that alternative measures should be considered to prevent them from entering the prison system. It also called for adjustments in the criteria for probation staff, suggesting that the requirement for university entrance for applicants should be relaxed in appropriate cases. Additionally, the petition requested permission for prisoners to have home leave once a month, provided that public safety remained a priority. Lastly, it proposed that judges and magistrates involve a psychiatrist or psychologist, along with a welfare worker, in sentencing discussions to ensure a more informed and compassionate approach to punishment. This petition marks a significant moment in New Zealand's legislative history, highlighting the shift towards a more progressive stance on issues of sexuality and criminal justice reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680705_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680705.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-47131200
4336,11,07,1968,"Homosexuality Discussion (Press, 11 July 1968)","The Canterbury Mental Health Association is organising a discussion focused on the sociological aspects of homosexuality, set to take place in September 1968. The meeting will feature speakers from various professional fields, including legal, sociological, psychiatric, and others, who will present papers on relevant topics. This gathering will not be open to the public, making it a closed event aimed at professionals. Dr H. D. Livingstone, the chairman of the association, outlined that the attendees will include magistrates, lawyers, doctors, psychologists, social workers, probation officers, police officers, nurses, school teachers, and clergy. The discussion will cover various themes such as the causes, prevention, and treatment of homosexual disorders, the legal framework concerning homosexuality, and public attitudes towards sexual deviation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680711_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680711.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-46612800
4337,09,08,1968,"Homosexuals “live Under Strain” (Press, 9 August 1968)","On 7 August 1968, Professor J. H. Robb, a sociology professor at Victoria University and president of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, spoke about the challenges faced by homosexuals in New Zealand during an address to the society. He highlighted the mental strain that homosexual individuals experience due to societal pressures that prohibit open expression of their sexual desires. Dr Robb noted that many homosexual individuals often feel compelled to engage in their behaviour secretively, as public acknowledgment could lead to criminal charges. He mentioned that bisexuals who find themselves involved in homosexual activities and subsequently convicted may become fully identified as homosexual and marked by authorities. Dr Robb pointed out that most male homosexuals are not attracted to underage individuals, drawing a parallel to heterosexuals who similarly are not interested in immature girls. He also suggested that lesbianism among women is prevalent in New Zealand, though it does not attract the same level of societal disapproval as male homosexuality does. He asserted that ostracising male homosexuals results in a loss of potential contributions from talented individuals within the community. The professor’s comments included the assertion that about 5% of the population might be homosexual, yet the challenges in researching homosexuality remain significant due to a lack of understanding regarding its causes and the absence of any recognised “cure.” He argued that current societal attitudes contribute to ignorance regarding the issues faced by homosexual individuals. In a separate incident reported on 4 August in Las Vegas, a tragic event occurred when a stolen single-engine plane crashed into the tallest building in the city, claiming the life of the pilot, 39-year-old Everett Wayne Shaw. The aircraft collided with a sign atop the hotel, then crashed through the roof of the Las Vegas Convention Centre, with no other casualties reported. Police believe the crash may have been a bizarre suicide attempt, as Shaw left behind two notes indicating his despondency.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680809_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680809.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-44107200
4338,14,08,1968,"Incidence And Treatment Of Homosexuality Examined (Press, 14 August 1968)","An article by K. R. Daniels, published on 14 August 1968, discusses the complexities surrounding homosexuality, highlighting the emotional reactions it provokes and the importance of distinguishing these reactions from factual evidence. The author argues for a shift away from the taboo nature of the topic and advocates for a more informed public discourse on the subject. Research cited in the article suggests that a significant portion of the male population — estimated at 5% — identify as practising homosexuals, a statistic supported by the Wolfenden Report from the UK and Bryan Magee's recent research. The article argues that most homosexuals do not engage with mental health professionals or come into conflict with the law, indicating their prevalence within society. Additionally, Daniels notes that many primitive societies accept homosexual activities as normal, referencing a survey that found a majority of such societies acknowledge homosexual behaviour. The discussion also distinguishes between homosexuality and paedophilia, clarifying that paedophiliacs typically stem from different backgrounds and experience significant shame concerning their desires. Treatment for these individuals is noted as ineffective, primarily because they struggle to seek help due to societal stigma. Daniels takes a nuanced approach, arguing that child molestation cases should be managed with an emphasis on rehabilitating the offender and prioritising the welfare of the child victim. Law reform is a central theme of the article, with Daniels advocating for changes to laws governing consensual homosexual acts between adults, drawing comparisons to other western nations where such laws already exist. He stresses the humanitarian need for reform to reduce the stigma and persecution faced by minorities. The issue of blackmail arising from a hidden homosexual lifestyle is also raised, illustrating how existing laws contribute to abuse of power, especially among prominent individuals at risk of exposure. Daniels argues against imprisonment for homosexual acts, suggesting it leads to further resentment and exacerbates the very problems it seeks to address. He concludes by asserting that better societal attitudes and understanding can foster tolerance toward homosexuality, ultimately reflecting the need for a cultural shift rather than solely legislative changes to address issues surrounding sexual deviance. The rigid codes of conduct in Western culture regarding sexuality are cited as aggravating factors contributing to neuroses and social suffering, suggesting that a more open attitude toward sexual diversity might lead to greater acceptance and less suffering within society. Daniels is positioned as a psychiatric social worker from Christchurch Hospital, recently back from four years of study overseas, trying to contribute to an informed debate on this important social issue in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680814_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680814.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-43675200
4339,21,08,1968,"Views Sought On Homosexuality (Press, 21 August 1968)","The North American conference of homophile organisations, held in Chicago from August 15 to 19, 1968, concluded with a significant proposal for the upcoming political season. The 75 delegates gathered at the five-day event recommended that all political candidates be asked about their views on the penalties currently imposed on homosexuals in America. To facilitate this, local organisations were encouraged to send questionnaires to candidates for political office. In addition to this initiative, the conference adopted a ""homosexual bill of rights,"" which includes key demands for changing existing laws related to homosexuality. One of its major points is that individuals should not be denied employment solely on the basis of their sexual orientation. The local organisations were also urged to apply pressure on police forces, state legislatures, and the federal government to ensure the bill's provisions are enacted. Rev. Robert Warren Cromey, vicar of St Aidan’s Episcopal Church in San Francisco, chaired the conference. He indicated that an estimated 15 million homosexuals live across the United States, with local organisations typically comprising around 2,000 members each. Cromey asserted that most homosexuals are normal individuals, except for their sexual orientation, contributing positively to society and holding significant roles in various professional sectors. He emphasised that subjecting homosexuals to legal harassment or excluding them from employment opportunities due to their sexual orientation represents a violation of their Constitutional rights. Cromey, who is married with three daughters and identifies as a heterosexual, was among the new heterosexuals participating in this important meeting. The conference thus marked a pivotal moment in the fight for homosexual rights in America, advocating for equal treatment and against discrimination based on sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680821_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680821.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-43070400
7820,27,08,1968,"Sadler’s Wells Moves To The Coliseum (Press, 27 August 1968)","On August 21, 1968, London saw the opening of the new Sadler’s Wells Opera House, marking a significant development in the city’s arts scene. This venue, now located closer to the West End, replaces a previous location in Islington, about three miles away. The move is seen as a strategic challenge to the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, located just a mile away. The Coliseum, which had recently been used as a cinerama theatre, is returning to live theatre with the opera ""Don Giovanni."" The new pricing strategy at Sadler's Wells positions it as a competitor to Covent Garden, offering opera lovers the chance to see two performances for the price of one at the Royal Opera House. Ticket prices at the Coliseum range from 5 shillings to 45 shillings, attracting a large audience, evidenced by 40,000 advance bookings. The refurbishment of the Coliseum cost £130,000, transforming it back to its former elegance with red plush and walnut panelling. The renovation included significant alterations like enlarging the orchestra pit and changing the shape of the proscenium arch. The opening night featured notable figures in attendance, including Australian conductor Charles Mackerras, Sadler’s managing director Stephen Arlen, and esteemed theatre director Sir John Gielgud, who directed the inaugural production. Gielgud's experience in directing operas is highlighted, as this marks his third engagement in this role. The design aspect of ""Don Giovanni"" has drawn attention with contributions from 24-year-old designer Derek Jarman, indicating a fresh and perhaps controversial approach to the set design. As the Sadler’s Wells Opera House begins its new chapter, it signifies a shift in London's cultural landscape, sparking competition in the opera world and potentially changing how the public engages with live theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680827_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680827.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-42552000
7821,28,08,1968,"Sadlers Wells Moves To The Coliseum (Press, 28 August 1968)","On 21 August 1968, the Sadler's Wells Opera House officially opened its doors in London's West End, marking a significant development in the city’s operatic scene. The venue's opening comes after the Coliseum's previous stint as a cinerama theatre, during which it faced a decline in reputation. Now, the Coliseum is being revitalised as a live theatre space, kicking off its new chapter with a production of Mozart's ""Don Giovanni."" Sadler’s Wells has made a strategic move relocating from Islington, approximately three miles away, to a location just steps from Trafalgar Square. This relocation is seen as a bold challenge to the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden, which is only a mile apart. The Royal Opera House may have cause for concern, as ticket prices for performances at Sadler’s Wells are notably lower, enabling patrons to attend two shows for the price of one at Covent Garden. Ticket prices at the Coliseum range from 5 shillings to 45 shillings, drawing large audiences with already 40,000 advance bookings. The restoration of the Coliseum has cost Sadler’s Wells £130,000, involving extensive renovations over several months. Workmen have been busy recreating the theatre’s vintage appeal, complete with red plush seating and walnut panelling, and enhancing the orchestra pit and proscenium arch to accommodate its new operatic purpose. The first night of ""Don Giovanni"" featured the notable Australian conductor Charles Mackerras in the orchestra pit, alongside key figures contributing to the production, including Stephen Arlen, managing director of Sadler's; Glen Byam Shaw, director of productions; and the resident designer, Margaret Harris, who operates under the name “Motley.” Sir John Gielgud, a renowned figure in British theatre, has taken on the role of director for this opera, marking his third experience in directing such performances. He brings his extensive background in Shakespearean theatre to guide the singers in this production, which has drawn attention due to the innovative set designs by 24-year-old Derek Jarman, noted for their controversial aspects. Overall, the opening of Sadler’s Wells Opera House and the return of the Coliseum to live performances not only rejuvenate London's cultural landscape but also ignite competition in the opera sector, promising audiences a richer and more varied operatic experience at more accessible prices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680828_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680828.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-42465600
4340,05,09,1968,"Homosexuality In S.a. (Press, 5 September 1968)","On 5 September 1968, a report released by a Parliamentary committee in South Africa, which investigated homosexuality, revealed that the practice was more widespread than previously acknowledged across various societal levels. Major F. A. J. van Zyl, a senior police official, reported to the committee that a police raid in January uncovered around 300 men at a gathering in Johannesburg, most of whom identified as homosexual. He noted that even seasoned police officers were shocked by the extent of the situation. Following this raid, police conducted further investigations that indicated homosexuality was more prevalent in schools, universities, and cultural organisations than society had thought, with Major van Zyl asserting that urban areas faced more significant issues concerning homosexuality compared to rural ones. He advocated for legislation criminalising homosexual acts, whether in private residences or public. In contrast, Dr J. A. Goebler, Deputy Secretary for Social Welfare and Pensions, presented a differing perspective based on a recent departmental survey. Although he acknowledged that the occurrence of homosexuality was likely underestimated, he argued it did not pose a direct threat to the broader community. He cautioned that if legislation were implemented to criminalise homosexuality, it could lead to the prosecution of many prominent and productive members of society, which would have negative consequences for the community. The discussions indicated a rift between law enforcement's concerns about the rising visibility of homosexuality and the social welfare perspective, which urged caution in classifying it as a criminal issue. Overall, these debates reflected societal tensions regarding sexual orientation and the need for legislative responses in South Africa during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680905_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680905.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-41774400
4343,30,09,1968,"Homosexuality And Society (Press, 30 September 1968)","At a seminar organised by the Canterbury Association for Mental Health on 28 September 1968, Dr L. K. Gluckman from Auckland presented an argument regarding the implications of societal acceptance of homosexuality. He proposed that acceptance could lead to the emergence of other non-conventional forms of sexual expression. Dr Gluckman stated that studies typically indicate that homosexuality is not the only form of unorthodox sexual behaviour present in societies where consensual homosexual practices occur. He noted the paradox that behaviours often deemed forbidden tend to attract individuals, leading to experimentation. Dr Gluckman argued that homosexuality, while commonly found across many cultures, is not biological in nature and should be treated appropriately, advocating for a perspective where medical science informs legislation rather than legislation dictating medical practice. He discussed the prevalence of homosexuality globally, asserting that it exists in many cultures despite being condemned. Dr Gluckman expressed skepticism towards the assertion that adult homosexuals lack interest in minors, citing evidence from transcultural literature. His own knowledge drew heavily from New Zealand’s Polynesian background and the Pacific Island immigrant community. Dr Gluckman claimed that homosexuality among males was virtually non-existent in pre-European New Zealand, suggesting its introduction came with European influence. He speculated that contact with European seamen may have facilitated these changes, resulting in the incorporation of homosexual relationships into Maori culture. He observed that ancient Maori accepted sexuality as a natural expression of life, but European religious morals and concepts of sin disrupted this acceptance, thus altering sexual practices within the community. He mentioned the absence of any word for lesbianism in the Maori language and noted that elderly Maori individuals had not encountered the concept in their lifetimes, while many younger Maori women identified as lesbians. Dr Gluckman also explored various sexual deviations and their cross-cultural dimensions, pondering the insufficient understanding of how counter-Christian beliefs shaped societal attitudes towards homosexuality throughout history. He concluded that environments that isolated the sexes or discouraged open sexuality were likely to foster homosexual expressions, although their permanence would depend on individual circumstances and contexts. Ultimately, he stated his belief that homosexuality influenced by genetic or endocrine factors is extremely rare, suggesting instead that homosexual behaviours often arise from a person’s environment and individual experiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680930_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680930.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-39614400
4341,30,09,1968,"Many “experts” On Sexual Problems (Press, 30 September 1968)","On 30 September 1968, at a Canterbury Association for Mental Health seminar, Mr D. F. Mackenzie, a senior research officer with the Department of Justice, addressed the complexities surrounding public perceptions of homosexuality. Speaking as an individual rather than in an official capacity, Mackenzie noted that societal attitudes towards sexual issues, particularly homosexuality, were often shaped by strong, yet misguided opinions held by even the least educated individuals. He highlighted that these views tend to be cruel, punitive, and authoritarian, stemming from a lack of understanding and sympathy. Mackenzie referred to a survey conducted in Australia, which indicated a prevailing traditional antipathy towards homosexuals, rooted in widespread misunderstanding. Many Australians harboured fears that legalising homosexuality would somehow facilitate its spread, a notion Mackenzie argued has been disproved. He emphasised that New Zealand’s strong puritanical heritage must be taken into account when analysing local attitudes towards homosexuality, as early settlers brought with them confrontational moral standards, alongside double standards for men and women regarding sexual behaviour. He pointed out that New Zealand society places immense pressure on masculinity, particularly illustrated through the cultural significance of rugby, where masculine displays are often accentuated. In the legal realm, Mackenzie outlined that while fornication, adultery and lesbian relationships between consenting adult women are subject to social moral standards, homosexuality, incest, and bestiality are classified under criminal law. He argued that regardless of legal standings, societal sanctions against homosexuality would persist. Mackenzie proposed a thorough debate on the pros and cons of legislation concerning homosexuality, with the hope that public knowledge on the matter might improve. Professor H. R. Gray, dean of the faculty of law at the University of Canterbury, affirmed Mackenzie's points by discussing the severe penalties laid out in New Zealand law for homosexual acts between males, contrasting this with the absence of legal repercussions for similar acts among adult women. He opined that the incidence of homosexual behaviour in New Zealand would not fluctuate significantly if the legal penalties for consenting adult homosexual acts were abolished. He suggested that there is a compelling argument for amending the law to eliminate sources of blackmail and to grant individuals who are homosexually oriented a better opportunity to reconcile their identity within society. Gray concluded that while reforming the law could help alleviate social stigma, it would not compromise the legal framework that serves to protect children from harm, an area where strict regulations would still be necessary. This discussion at the seminar indicates a growing recognition in 1968 of the need to reassess and reform laws related to homosexuality amidst an evolving societal understanding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680930_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680930.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-39614400
4342,30,09,1968,"Some Causes Of Homosexuality (Press, 30 September 1968)","At a seminar on homosexuality held on 28 September 1968 at Christchurch Hospital, Dr R. W. Medlicott from Ashburn Hall in Dunedin presented controversial claims regarding the origins of homosexuality. Asserting that genetic factors had been largely discredited, Dr Medlicott argued that homosexuality was primarily rooted in problematic familial relationships, particularly between parents and their children. The event saw participation from a diverse group, including medical practitioners, sociologists, social workers, clergymen, nurses, lawyers, probation officers, and police officers. Dr Medlicott made a detailed analysis of the familial dynamics that could lead to an individual's homosexual orientation. He characterised certain parental behaviours that could hinder normal sexual development. For instance, he suggested that a mother might play an overly intimate, dominant, and denigrating role towards the father, while simultaneously being over-protective and demasculinising towards her son. As a result, the father often remained detached, unaffectionate, or even hostile, contributing to the child's struggle for a healthy male role model. The child could become affected by the conflicts between the parents, potentially being manipulated as a ""pawn"" in their disputes. In the case of females, Dr Medlicott noted that a mother's role could be ambivalent and competitive, discouraging femininity and inhibiting an easy relationship with the father or male peers. He pointed out that fathers who indulge in irresponsible behaviour, such as coming home intoxicated, could further complicate their daughters' capacity for healthy heterosexual adjustment. Dr Medlicott emphasised that individuals are not born with a homosexual orientation but that it develops as a result of their upbringing. He suggested that the condition could be potentially reversible, though acknowledged that with current resources only a small percentage of homosexuals might successfully transition to heterosexuality. He indicated that the absence of physical treatments renders psychoanalysis or psychoanalytic therapy as the primary avenue for addressing these issues. He remained optimistic that many could attain a better adjustment to life through these therapeutic approaches. In a separate note from the seminar, Mr P. J. Squire was elected as the new national president of the British Sailors’ Society of New Zealand during the society's annual meeting in Lyttelton on the same day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19680930_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680930.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-39614400
4344,09,10,1968,"Homosexual Law Reform Sought (Press, 9 October 1968)","On 8 October 1968, the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society presented a petition to Parliament advocating the repeal of criminal penalties for homosexual behaviour between consenting adult males in private. This reform proposal mirrors the recommendations made by the Wolfenden Committee in Britain, which were accepted by the British Parliament the previous year. The petition was introduced by Mr A. H. Nordmeyer, a Labour MP from Island Bay, on behalf of the society. The petition has garnered support from a diverse group of individuals, including the society's president, Professor J. H. Robb from Victoria University, and its secretary, Mr J. W. Goodwin, a Wellington journalist. Additionally, it is signed by approximately 50 other individuals primarily affiliated with the churches, university faculties, and the legal and medical professions. Among the notable signatories are the Anglican Bishops of Auckland and Wellington, who endorse the petition in their personal capacities. The petition is endorsed by representatives from various denominations, including the Anglican, Methodist, Presbyterian, and Roman Catholic Churches. It also includes signatures from public hospital and consulting psychiatrists, as well as individuals with experience in the prison system or connections to the Department of Justice. This move towards legal reform reflects a growing recognition of the rights of homosexual individuals in New Zealand and aligns with similar trends in other countries, marking a significant point in the ongoing discussion surrounding social justice and legal inequalities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681009_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681009.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-38836800
4345,09,10,1968,"Parliament’s Diary (Press, 9 October 1968)","On 9 October 1968, the New Zealand Parliament devoted its sessions to discussions regarding the Internal Affairs Estimates, alongside those of the Ministry of Works and the Police Department. The House was operating under a sense of urgency to address these estimates, which required immediate attention. During this session, Ministers responded to a total of seven questions raised by members of Parliament. In a notable moment, Mr A. H. Nordmeyer, representing the Labour Party for Island Bay, presented a petition from the Homosexual Law Reform Society. This petition called for amendments to the Crimes Act of 1961 in relation to homosexual law reform. Furthermore, notice was given regarding the intention to introduce two significant pieces of legislation: the Christchurch District Drainage Amendment Bill and the Ranfurly Licensing Trust Bill. These developments indicate ongoing legislative activity and social discussions within the Parliament at this time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681009_2_252.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681009.2.252,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-38836800
4346,11,10,1968,"Rabbit Farm Comment (Press, 11 October 1968)","On 10 October 1968, concerns were raised regarding a proposal to establish a commercial rabbit farm in New Zealand, with a Department of Agriculture official highlighting the high investment costs associated with such a venture. The official mentioned that while fur production alone might not be viable, there could be potential in combining meat and fur production. However, it was noted that New Zealand would likely struggle to compete with Red China's current exploitation of available markets at competitive prices. The official confirmed that an application for a rabbit farm on 10 acres of land near Palmerston North was just one among approximately 100 applications submitted for similar farms. The Minister of Agriculture had previously indicated that without a significant export market for rabbit meat, existing prohibitions on such farming would remain in place. Additionally, a holder of a deer-farming licence suggested conducting a research project to evaluate the economic feasibility of rabbit farming, implying that it may be necessary to establish its viability or lack thereof definitively. The official further commented that backyard farming was becoming less viable in modern New Zealand, citing the successful broiler chicken industry, which operates on a large-scale, high-investment basis. As such, it seemed unlikely that rabbit farming would differ from this trend. In a separate note, the Parliamentary Petitions Committee would hold an open hearing on 23 October 1968 to consider a petition to repeal criminal penalties for homosexual behaviour between consenting males, allowing accredited press representatives to attend the session.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681011_2_246.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681011.2.246,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-38664000
4347,14,10,1968,"Parliament May Sit Until December (Press, 14 October 1968)","On 14 October 1968, reports from the New Zealand Press Association indicated that Parliament in Wellington is expected to continue its session until late November or early December, with potential concluding dates set for either 29 November or 6 December 1968. The current session commenced on 26 June 1968 and still has over 50 bills pending consideration, in addition to more than half of the Government's expenditure estimates yet to be approved. New legislative measures and a supplementary list of Government expenditure are also expected to be introduced. Among the bills awaiting discussion is the contentious Matrimonial Proceedings Amendment Bill. This proposal suggests that adultery should be removed as a ground for immediate divorce, instead making it a ground for separation. However, it is anticipated that this particular aspect of the bill will not be debated during the current session, as the Statutes Revision Committee is expected to review and postpone the adultery proposal for consideration in the recess. Another significant topic under consideration is the inquiry into Scientology. The Social Services Committee has devoted two full days to examining evidence for and against the organisation and is set to resume hearings the following week. The timeline for additional submissions and the committee's report to Parliament remains uncertain. The Petitions Committee is also preparing to commence public hearings regarding the potential abolition of criminal penalties for consensual homosexual acts between adult males. Simultaneously, the Government is aiming to push through several legislative measures, though it is believed that the caucus has resolved to delay a number of bills until the next session in light of the considerable volume of business currently before the House. Key legislative discussions include substantial bills addressing tax reform, mental health legislation, domestic and marriage procedure reforms, and measures targeting private broadcasting stations alongside the prohibition of illegal broadcasting operations. The last session of Parliament concluded in late November of the previous year, signalling the ongoing complexities and pressing issues faced by legislators in the current term.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681014_2_227.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681014.2.227,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-38404800
4348,18,10,1968,"Paparua Inquiry (Press, 18 October 1968)","An inquiry into allegations of homosexuality at Paparua Prison has been completed, as announced on 18 October 1968. The investigation, conducted by Mr. E. A. Lee, S.M., a retired senior magistrate from Christchurch, lasted four days. His report is expected to be submitted to the Justice Department in approximately three weeks. The inquiry was initiated following claims made by two inmates who escaped from the prison and expressed their disgust regarding homosexual activities within its confines. The superintendent of Paparua Prison, Mr. M. C. M. K. Carew, confirmed that anyone who provided statements related to the alleged homosexual practices was welcome to give evidence during the inquiry. A significant number of individuals took up this opportunity to share their accounts. The Justice Department deemed the investigation necessary to address these serious allegations and maintain integrity within the prison system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681018_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681018.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-38059200
4349,24,10,1968,"Case Presented For Change In Homosexuality Law (Press, 24 October 1968)","On 23 October 1968, the Homosexual Law Reform Society presented to the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in Wellington, outlining their argument for the repeal of laws that made homosexual acts between consenting adult males a criminal offence. The society informed the committee that an estimated 40,000 to 50,000 males in New Zealand were homosexual. They proposed that changing the law would significantly reduce human suffering, highlight the illogical nature of existing laws, improve enforcement consistency, and argue that the punishment of homosexuals was a greater evil than the behaviours the law intended to prevent. Professor J. H. Robb, the society's president, described the profound social and emotional strain faced by homosexuals due to the current legal framework, which exacerbated their societal fears and legal guilt. He cited the dangers of blackmail as a dire consequence of the legislation, where individuals could be extorted without the ability to seek police assistance without facing their own prosecution. Robb referenced alarming instances, including the suicide of an elderly victim of blackmail related to their sexual orientation. The society also pointed out that the law discriminated based on gender, as only male homosexual acts were criminalised while comparable female homosexual acts were not. Robb highlighted that societal attitudes toward these acts remained largely negative, and suggested that the fear of prosecution could lead to further criminality, rather than deterring homosexual behaviour. He argued that the societal and individual costs of enforcing the current law—such as damage to careers and familial relations—outweighed any perceived benefits. The Department of Justice report corroborated the petitioners' estimates, affirming that homosexuality exists across various societal classes and is not exclusive to any particular group. The report suggested that criminalising homosexual acts did not serve the interests of public morality and instead perpetuated vulnerability among homosexuals to blackmail and social ostracism. Several organisations and religious groups, including various churches and the Howard League for Penal Reform, supported the call for legal reform, acknowledging the need for a more compassionate approach to homosexuals. In particular, the Methodist Church’s backing in 1961 had signalled an openness to change that appeared to be growing among other groups as well. Despite these arguments, some opposition was noted, including a statement from a private individual, Mr Charles Morgan, who contended that changing the law would diminish societal standards and control over what he termed “unnatural habits.” He expressed concern that legalising homosexual acts could lead to moral decay. The hearing concluded, with plans to resume discussions the following Wednesday, marking a significant point in New Zealand's ongoing dialogue regarding the rights of homosexual individuals and legal reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681024_2_264.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681024.2.264,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-37540800
4350,29,10,1968,"Chaplain’s View Of Homosexuals (Press, 29 October 1968)","On 29 October 1968, the Associated Churches of Christ held an annual conference in Nelson, where significant discussions regarding the legal status of homosexuality took place. The conference passed a motion advocating for changes to the law to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting male adults in private. This motion was introduced by K. R. Daniels, a psychiatric social worker, who emphasised the Church's role in leading on social issues such as this one and highlighted the necessity of intellectual honesty concerning the emotive nature of the topic. Daniels condemned the prejudices surrounding homosexuality, asserting that such attitudes often dehumanise individuals, reducing them to derogatory terms. He referred to scientific evidence suggesting that homosexuality stems from deep-seated personality disturbances experienced in childhood, which are beyond the individual's control. He argued that the current legal system exacerbates the suffering of homosexuals and creates a duality in their existence. Seconding Daniels' motion, Rev. G. L. Sweet, a Christchurch prison chaplain, expressed his view that fears regarding the effects of legalising homosexuality were unfounded. He pointed out that homosexuals come from various professions and backgrounds, including lawyers, doctors, and teachers, and many of them are active church members. Sweet reiterated that in countries where laws had been revised to permit homosexual acts, there was no evidence supporting fears of increased homosexuality or negative societal impacts. He also addressed concerns about the safety of children, asserting that like heterosexuals, homosexuals tend to have little interest in children who are not developmentally mature. Sweet separated the issue of legality from morality, stating that moral and social concerns should be approached through appropriate societal means rather than through punitive legislation. The motion, which was supported by the conference, called for deeper exploration of the subject of homosexuality, recognising the need for moral evaluation, medical research, and law reform. The conference's resolution represented a progressive step within the Church towards addressing the complexities surrounding homosexuality and advocating for a more compassionate and understanding societal approach.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681029_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681029.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-37108800
4353,31,10,1968,"Deferment Sought (Press, 31 October 1968)","On 30 October 1968, the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in Wellington discussed a petition advocating the repeal of legislation criminalising homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. The Thames Church of Christ Life and Advent requested a month’s delay in the committee’s decision to allow for further public discussion and the organisation of meetings to adequately present their opposition to the petition. Pastor C. C. Warner articulated several concerns regarding the proposal, arguing that it was too drastic, not in the public interest, and viewed homosexuality as an unnatural act warranting psychiatric intervention rather than legalisation. He emphasised that homosexuality was a moral sin condemned by scripture and a contributor to the decline of civilisations. In contrast, Rev. R. J. Hendry, representing the Homosexual Law Reform Society and speaking for Christian youth, supported the petition. He contended that homosexuals should be accepted and encouraged to live responsibly within their sexuality, emphasising that beneath any perceived aberration lay a human being full of potential. Hendry argued for compassion and understanding rather than judgment, stating that the law should not be based solely on societal disgust and citing a survey of Christian individuals which suggested a shift towards acceptance instead of condemnation of homosexuality. The Catholic Church’s social services committee, represented by Rev. P. J. Cullinane, offered cautious support for the proposed law amendment, provided that sufficient protections against exploitation were included. Cullinane suggested that law reform should not merely remove the criminality of homosexual acts but should also engage positively with the homosexual community, encouraging treatment. He raised concerns regarding the age of consent and the potential risks associated with legalising venues for homosexual activities, asserting that the law’s necessity for societal protection needed careful examination. The discussion was further informed by telegrams received by the committee, such as one endorsing the petition from an Auckland branch of the Homosexual Law Reform Society and another opposing it from a Thames couple. Additionally, submissions from Christchurch clinical psychologist Mr. V. J. Wilson expressed similar opposition, framing the criminalisation of homosexuality as necessary protection against what he described as a harmful lifestyle. Overall, the debate highlighted the deep divisions within the community regarding homosexuality, balancing moral considerations against calls for legal reform and societal acceptance, as the committee deliberated the implications of their decision on both public morality and the rights of individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681031_2_177.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681031.2.177,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36936000
4351,31,10,1968,"Homosexuality “present Law A Nuisance” (Press, 31 October 1968)","On 29 October 1968, a public meeting in Auckland discussed the possibility of reforming the law on homosexuality, with speakers advocating for a more expedited approach through a private member's bill rather than waiting for government action. Auckland barrister Mr F. Halgh commented that New Zealand's legal position on homosexuality was lagging approximately five years behind that of Britain. He highlighted the potential for private members' bills to facilitate change more swiftly. Dr R. Culpan, a consultant psychiatrist, expressed his frustration with the existing law, describing it as a ""jolly nuisance"" that aggravated the issues faced by individuals due to its additional legal sanctions. He believed that these legal barriers complicated therapeutic efforts aimed at helping those affected. Another speaker, Mr E. Braithwaite, a senior university lecturer, contributed to the discourse, while the meeting was chaired by the Rev. R. Thornley. The gathering, convened by the Rev. D. Brindon, resulted in the formation of an Auckland branch of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society. The attendees decided to send a telegram to the chairman of the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in Wellington, expressing their support for a petition calling for homosexual law reform currently under consideration by the committee.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681031_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681031.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36936000
4352,31,10,1968,"Homosexuality Hearings Continue Of Case For Law... (Press, 31 October 1968)","On 30 October 1968, the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in Wellington continued hearings regarding a petition from the Homosexual Law Reform Society, which seeks to amend the Crimes Act of 1961 to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. Professor J. H. Robb, the president of the society, informed the committee that while legalising such acts would not completely eliminate blackmail, it would significantly improve the situation by removing the threat of criminal prosecution, which is commonly exploited by blackmailers. However, he acknowledged that blackmailers could still resort to exposing a person's identity to their family. In his testimony, Robb challenged the notion that clergy who engage in homosexual acts should not preach, stating that homosexuals exist across all professions, including parliamentarians. He disagreed with claims that legalising homosexual acts might result in increased male prostitution. During questioning, Mr R. MacDonald expressed concern about the implications of clergymen being hypocritical while serving the church and highlighted the traditional stance of several religious institutions against homosexuality. The Rev. W. F. Ford from the Wellington District Methodist Church remarked that while churches consider homosexuality contrary to Christian morals, legal action is not the most effective method to address homosexuality issues. He mentioned that discussions within his church have revealed a general acceptance of the need for law reform regarding homosexuality. Professor Robb countered claims that a lack of increasing homosexual offences negates the need for legal reform. He argued that, considering approximately 4 to 5 percent of the population may identify as homosexual, their rights and circumstances warrant legislative change, similar to what would occur for any substantial minority group facing societal challenges. Mr Grieve, the committee chairman, pressed Ford about the compatibility of his arguments with the teachings of Jesus Christ. Ford maintained his belief that advocating for reform aligns with Christian tenets of compassion and forgiveness, albeit acknowledging Christ’s broader moral perspectives against adultery and similar actions. The committee is expected to hear additional opinions from Dr M. G. McKay, the superintendent of the Porirua Psychiatric Hospital, in the following week, after which the committee will deliberate on the petition for potential reforms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681031_2_176.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681031.2.176,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36936000
4355,01,11,1968,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 1 November 1968)","On 1 November 1968, the Editor outlined specific guidelines for readers wishing to submit letters for publication. Letters should preferably be typed, or else written in ink on one side of the paper only. Submissions must include a legible signature and a full address; a P.O. box number alone is not considered sufficient. Writers must indicate whether their letters have been submitted to other publications. The Editor noted that letters deemed unsuitable for printing cannot be returned or acknowledged, although exceptions may be made when necessary. Furthermore, letters are limited to a maximum of 150 words. The Editor addressed a few specific contributors: A. W. Ericson was reminded that their letter exceeded the word limit; Granny’s topic was no longer open for discussion; G. McKee was informed there was no room to address the Vietnam issue at that time; and the topic raised by “Keep Business Clean” regarding the imprisonment of debtors would not be revisited. Eileen Barker Brown was also told that there was no space for further correspondence on homosexual law reform. Finally, A. J. Roberts was informed that there are endless possibilities for calculations related to a topic discussed in the leading article the previous day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681101_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681101.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36849600
4354,01,11,1968,"Newspaper May Have Committed Breach (Press, 1 November 1968)","On 31 October 1968, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, Mr R. E. Jack, ruled that Wellington's evening newspaper, the ""Evening Post,"" had prima facie committed a breach of Parliamentary privilege due to a headline published the previous day. The headline stated: “Statistical claim is made that four M.P.s in New Zealand are probably homosexual.” This headline accompanied a report on hearings held by the Parliamentary Petitions Committee concerning a petition from the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, which sought the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. During the committee hearing, the society's president, Professor J. H. Robb, had indicated that if Members of Parliament (M.P.s) reflected the general community, it would be reasonable to presume that at least four M.P.s were homosexual. Mr Jack acknowledged that Professor Robb's evidence did not constitute a breach of privilege, noting it was likely presented in good faith, despite it being an ill-judged and overly dramatic example. Mr Jack clarified that he had no concerns about the accuracy of the newspaper's report regarding Professor Robb’s statements, but he identified considerable issues with the impact of the newspaper's headline, deeming it much more provocative than the content of the article itself. He explained that the purpose of the Speaker's role in such matters was to prevent the House from being preoccupied with frivolous claims of privilege, which could distract from its essential business. The Leader of the Opposition, Mr Kirk, had previously accused the ""Evening Post"" of breaching Parliamentary privilege because of the headline and subsequently moved for the issue to be referred to the Committee of Privileges. This motion was met with unanimity in Parliament, reflecting widespread agreement on the necessity of addressing the matter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681101_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681101.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36849600
4357,02,11,1968,"Blackmailer Alleged Homosexual Advance (Press, 2 November 1968)","On 1 November 1968, Barry Thomas Jack, a 25-year-old man, appeared in the Dunedin Magistrate’s Court after being charged with extortion. The charge stemmed from his attempt to obtain NZ$2,000 by threatening to reveal allegations of sexual misconduct against another man, whose identity was kept confidential by the Court. Jack, who did not have legal representation, pleaded guilty to the charge. Detective Sergeant R. Bridge informed the Court that on 31 October, the complainant approached the police to report a telephone call he had received on 29 October. During this call, a man, later identified as Jack, demanded NZ$2,000, threatening to disclose details of the complainant's purported sexual misconduct if the money was not paid. Following police advice, the complainant contacted Jack again and proposed to give him NZ$1,000 instead. They arranged to meet at the complainant's residence for the transaction. That evening, the police positioned themselves at the complainant's house, where they arrested Jack when he arrived. Initially, Jack claimed he was merely a friend visiting for a drink but later confessed to making the threatening call. According to Jack, he had been invited to spend Labour Day weekend at the complainant's bach, where the complainant had made unwanted sexual advances towards him. Feeling disgusted by the encounter, Jack sought revenge by attempting to extort money from the complainant, asserting that he intended to return the money after receiving it. The Magistrate found Jack guilty and remanded him until 6 November for a probation officer's report and sentencing, while also advising him to seek legal counsel.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681102_2_254.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681102.2.254,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36763200
4356,02,11,1968,"Homosexuality Law Change Backed (Press, 2 November 1968)","On 1 November 1968, the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of New Zealand convened in Auckland, where they discussed their stance on current legislative proposals regarding homosexuality. The assembly expressed support for the proposed changes, with Mr Jenkins articulating that while many adult males might engage in homosexual acts, it does not necessarily classify them as homosexuals. He emphasised the inappropriate nature of allowing societal pressures towards homosexuality to thrive. Mr R. T. Feist, the convener of the public questions committee, referenced Justice Department statistics indicating that 4 per cent of adult males in New Zealand identified as exclusively homosexual. He asserted the need to accept these individuals while also advocating for interventions that would help them manage their homosexual tendencies, suggesting that legal reforms could encourage individuals to seek assistance without the fear of legal repercussions. The Rev. L. H. Jenkins acknowledged Feist’s sentiments but argued for a distinction between true homosexuals and those who merely engage in homosexual acts, labelling such actions as a deviation from divine intention and a violation of the human body. He called for proper education regarding homosexuality to better understand the issue. The Rev. D. C. Mence shared his experiences, noting that during his time in a previous parish, he had encountered numerous homosexuals, many of whom had faced threats of blackmail. He contended that the Church's endorsement of the proposals before Parliament would alleviate some of the fear these individuals experienced about their personal lives and the potential impact on their happiness and family stability. Conversely, the Rev. A. G. Gunn opposed the motion, claiming that approval would tarnish the Church’s reputation among ethical individuals by asserting that homosexuals were not inherently predisposed but rather sought such behaviours for thrill. The Rev. R. J. Blaikie added to the discussion, stating that while there were genuine homosexuals, many do not engage in sexual acts, reiterating that the Church’s general stance is against sexual conduct outside of marriage, hence analogous expectations should apply to homosexuals as well. Overall, the assembly's debate highlighted the complexities and differing opinions within the Church regarding homosexuality, underscoring the need for a nuanced conversation on the subject as it related to morality, legality, and support for individuals identified as homosexuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681102_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681102.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36763200
4358,04,11,1968,"Comment From The Capital Privilege Breach Charge... (Press, 4 November 1968)","On 3 November 1968, the Speaker of the House, Mr R. Jack, ruled that there was a prima facie case of breach of Parliamentary privilege against the “Evening Post” following a complaint raised by the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Kirk, and supported by the Acting Prime Minister, Mr Marshall. This ruling facilitates the referral of the matter to the Parliamentary Select Committee on Privileges, which will determine whether a breach occurred and recommend any potential penalties. The final decision, however, rests with Parliament itself. The case revolves around a twelve-word headline that was deemed potentially problematic. While the Speaker noted that the headline did not misrepresent the content of a deposition made by Professor J. H. Robb, the president of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, the focus lies in whether the headline fairly summarised the deposition. The Privileges Committee, composed of party leaders and three legally trained Parliament members, will conduct a detailed examination of the facts. This committee has not taken significant action since 1912, when it censured two individuals. Historically, the Privileges Committee lacks the authority to impose firm penalties autonomously, often resolving issues through apologies or acceptance rather than punishment. Parliamentary powers include the capacity to impose fines or even imprisonment for privilege breaches; however, these measures raise practical complications, as the Sergeant-at-Arms lacks jurisdiction beyond Parliament, leading to absurd situations in the past. The tensions surrounding the current case highlight the delicate nature of media scrutiny and legislative privilege. The comparison between the impact of a headline and a detailed report is central to the consideration, as the force of a headline can disproportionately influence readers. Although the initial publication may not have attracted widespread attention, the controversy incited by Mr Kirk's remarks has drawn significant public focus to both the article and headline, raising broader discussions around media accountability and respect for Parliamentary proceedings. The Privileges Committee is tasked with navigating these nuanced issues, weighing the significance of the headline against the context provided in the complete article.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681104_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681104.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36590400
4359,09,11,1968,"Official Inquiry Called For Into Homosexuality (Press, 9 November 1968)","On 8 November 1968, Dr A. M. Finlay, the legal spokesman for the Labour Party, addressed Parliament advocating for the establishment of an independent commission to investigate the issue of homosexuality. He argued that such an inquiry would enable the public to examine the topic in a calm and dispassionate manner, free from emotional bias. His comments came during a debate regarding the Petitions Committee's report, which declined to recommend any changes regarding a petition put forth by the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society. The petition sought to amend the Crimes Act of 1961 to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. The Petitions Committee had conducted public hearings last month, receiving arguments for and against the proposal. Mr G. G. Grieve, the chairman of the committee, remarked that the submissions had been thoroughly considered. He expressed personal disapproval of homosexuality and questioned the moral justification of church leaders who supported legalising homosexual acts, stating he found it puzzling given the biblical condemnation of such behaviour. Other members of the committee echoed similar sentiments, noting concerns that amending the law could lower societal moral standards and eventually harm the protection of youth. Mr A. H. Nordmeyer, who presented the petition, expressed his reservations about changing the law in light of the evidence gathered. He suggested that a comprehensive inquiry might be needed for Parliament to properly address the issue of criminalising homosexual acts. He clarified that many church leaders advocating for change still deemed homosexual acts sinful but believed legal reform was necessary. An expert testimony before the committee in favour of legalisation noted that many individuals lived in fear of the existing laws, which could lead to imprisonment. However, Mr Grieve maintained that the current laws served as a deterrent against what he labelled a ""revolting"" act. Another committee member, Mr R. L. G. Talbot, aligned with Grieve’s viewpoint, asserting that any legal change would lower the nation’s moral standards and provide no safeguard against the spread of what they termed ""unnatural acts"". Dr Finlay expressed disappointment in the committee's “no recommendation” stance, indicating that New Zealand’s social change was slower compared to other countries and suggesting that petitioners might have been premature in their approach. He reiterated the need for a scientific inquiry to address the complexities surrounding homosexuality, indicating that the current understanding was insufficient for accurate diagnosis or treatment. He suggested that a prison sentence would not rectify the issue, framing homosexuality as a reflection of a deeper psychological problem rather than a physical one. He concluded by urging Parliament to wait and observe the implications of recent British legislation permitting homosexual acts before making any definitive legal changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681109_2_243.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681109.2.243,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36158400
4361,09,11,1968,"Parliament’s Diary (Press, 9 November 1968)","On 9 November 1968, the New Zealand Parliament reconvened, introducing the Maori Purposes Bill, which underwent a pro forma second reading before being referred to the Maori Affairs Committee. During the session, the annual report from the Waterfront Industry Commission was presented, and ministers responded to a total of 20 questions posed by members. Additionally, the Petitions Committee submitted a report regarding a petition from the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, which requested an amendment to the Crimes Act. However, the committee did not make any specific recommendations on this matter. The House witnessed the reading and passing of eight bills at their third reading stage. Furthermore, reports concerning three other bills were also approved. The proceedings continued as the House engaged in a committee discussion on the Broadcasting Authority Bill, which was ongoing when Parliament adjourned at 4 p.m. for the day, with plans to reconvene at 2.30 p.m. on Tuesday.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681109_2_247.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681109.2.247,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36158400
4360,09,11,1968,"Society’s Views (Press, 9 November 1968)","On 9 November 1968, the president of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, Professor J. H. Robb, expressed strong feelings that parliamentary opinion regarding the reform of homosexual laws was lagging behind public sentiment. Following the announcement from the Petitions Committee, he indicated that the society would continue its efforts to garner support for proposed reforms. Professor Robb noted that recent evidence suggested public backing for the changes was greater than anticipated when the petitioning process began. In contrast, Mr R. T. Feist, the convener of the public relations committee of the Presbyterian Church, issued a statement clarifying the church's stance. He maintained that while the church does not condone immorality, its support for the petition was grounded in the belief that removing the threat of criminal prosecution would allow for more constructive assistance to homosexuals. Mr Feist emphasised the need for the church and society to address the challenges surrounding the issue, which had been previously ignored due to prevailing societal revulsion. Furthermore, Mr K. R. Daniels, a senior psychologist at Christchurch Hospital, voiced his disappointment with the Petitions Committee's decision. He remarked on the significance of the individuals advocating for legal change, noting that they were often those who had witnessed the human suffering caused by existing laws. Mr Daniels highlighted that support for law reform in New Zealand echoed a similar movement in Britain, where change was backed by leading church figures, including the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, as well as various church assemblies, including the Methodist Conference and a committee formed by the Roman Catholic Church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681109_2_244.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681109.2.244,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-36158400
6562,13,11,1968,"Rulings On 19 Books; Five To Be Banned (Press, 13 November 1968)","On 12 November 1968, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington made significant rulings regarding several books and a magazine. The chairman, Mr L. G. H. Sinclair, S.M., announced that five books were declared indecent, eight were found indecent in the hands of individuals under 18, and five books along with one magazine were deemed not indecent. The books ruled indecent were “The Memoirs of a Paris Madame” by the Marquis de Sade (translated by P. J. Gillette), “The Young Temptress” by Stephen Harding, “Smalltown Sex Today” by Victor J. Banis, “Hollywood’s Sexual Underground” by Roger Jordan, all published by Medico Books, Los Angeles, and “Lesbianism and the Single Girl” by Roger Blake. Eight books ruled indecent in the hands of persons under 18 included titles such as “Twilight Women Around the World” by R. Leighton Hasselrodt and several works by Dr Walter Braun, among others. “My Secret Life” by an unknown author was found indecent, except for those over 18 involved in relevant professional or academic studies. The tribunal also assessed books deemed not indecent, including “Querelle of Brest” by Jean Genet, “Myra Breckenridge” by Gore Vidal, and “Satyricon: Memoirs of a Lusty Roman” by Titus Petronius Arbiter. Mr Sinclair argued that “Myra Breckenridge” was a sophisticated satire of contemporary culture, noting its comedic elements rather than prurient content. In discussing “Querelle of Brest,” he praised its unflinching honesty and artistic integrity. “Satyricon” was defended based on its classical status and its moral tone, and Sinclair remarked that the book maintained a degree of responsibility by the editor. The chairman critiqued the promotional strategies of some titles, suggesting that misleading covers did a disservice to their actual content. Notably, he described “Oriental Love in Action” as a readable story that did not warrant its promotional style and said that “Secret Techniques of Erotic Delight” contained helpful advice for achieving satisfying sexual relationships, despite its misleading title. Overall, Mr Sinclair concluded that the evaluated works varied significantly in merit, intent, and effect, leading to the tribunal's diverse classifications regarding indecency. The discussion revealed ongoing tensions in societal perceptions of sexual content and literature amid changing cultural values in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681113_2_239.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681113.2.239,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-35812800
4362,14,11,1968,"Scandinavians To Have More Sexual Freedom (Press, 14 November 1968)","On 14 November 1968, the ""New York Times"" News Service reported significant shifts in sexual attitudes and laws in Denmark and Sweden, two countries known for their liberal stances on such matters. In Denmark, the Government has introduced a bill to abolish existing censorship measures for adult motion pictures and plans to eliminate obscenity as a criminal offence. A Ministry of Justice official commented that regulating sexual issues is challenging due to their subjective nature relating to taste and morals, which are difficult to legislate. The Danish Government also aims to legalise the sale of pornographic images depicting sexual acts, following last year's legalisation of written pornography. Although the market for pornographic materials had declined since legalisation, sales of hardcore pornography had surged, with such materials readily available despite their nominal illegality. In Sweden, there is an expectation that a Parliamentary committee will soon recommend easing abortion laws, allowing women to decide within 12 weeks of conception whether to continue with a pregnancy. Additionally, proposals for loosening film censorship and abolishing unenforced prohibitions on pornography are anticipated in the parliamentary discussions. These developments further reinforce Scandinavia's reputation as a sexually permissive region, highlighted by statistics showing that 48 per cent of firstborn children in Sweden are born less than eight months after marriage, suggesting premarital conception is often merely a signal for weddings rather than a societal scandal. However, neighbouring countries like Norway and Finland exhibit more conservative attitudes and laws in contrast to Denmark and Sweden. Notably, Norway's Minister of Church and Education, Kjell Bondevik, expressed concerns over declining morals in society. In contrast, a Swedish Government Minister dismissed the significance of sexual matters, indicating that many young people are occupied with work and entertainment rather than sexual issues. Both Copenhagen and Stockholm visibly reflect their liberal attitudes towards sexuality, with numerous shops prominently displaying hardcore pornographic materials under signage reading ""sex shop"" or ""porno."" These shops reportedly attract a significant number of international tourists, particularly from the United States, Britain, and West Germany, who account for over half of sales. Most printed materials available are in Danish or Swedish, and it is anticipated that with the removal of censorship, sex films may initially become more explicit, though the real transformation might occur in offerings of horror and violent films, which many Scandinavians reportedly find more objectionable than sexual content. Despite the growing sexual permissiveness, homosexual activity persists under a cloud of societal stigma, remaining relatively discreet, with a few ""gay bars"" reported in Copenhagen and a more subdued atmosphere in Stockholm.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681114_2_183.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681114.2.183,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-35726400
4363,19,11,1968,"N.z. Season Possible (Press, 19 November 1968)","An Australian production of the homosexual play ""The Boys in the Band"" is currently enjoying full houses in Sydney and may be introduced to New Zealand in 1969. The play is being staged at the Playbox Theatre in Sydney, with promoter Mr H. M. Miller expressing interest in presenting it in Auckland as a potential joint production with the Mercury Theatre. The Sydney season is expected to run for an additional two months before the show moves on to Melbourne and Adelaide. In addition to ""The Boys in the Band,"" Mr Miller indicated that he aims to bring notable performers such as Sammy Davis Jr and Mahalia Jackson to New Zealand next year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681119_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681119.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-35294400
4364,21,11,1968,"Headline Found To Breach Privilege (Press, 21 November 1968)","On 20 November 1968, the Parliamentary Privileges Committee in New Zealand reported its findings regarding a headline published by the “Evening Post” that was deemed a breach of parliamentary privilege. This was related to a petition that sought to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males. Prime Minister Mr Holyoake, who chaired the committee, stated that the headline failed to accurately reflect the substance of the evidence provided by Professor J.H. Robb during the hearings before the Parliamentary Petitions Committee. The committee maintained that the misleading nature of the headline could undermine the public’s respect for Parliament. Mr Holyoake clarified that the criticism was directed at Parliament as an institution rather than at individual members. Although the editor of the “Evening Post” did not fully agree that the headline lowered the esteem of Parliament, he expressed regret for any negative perception created by the article. In response to the findings, the “Evening Post” editor indicated plans to publish an apology acknowledging that the headline may have contributed to a diminished view of Parliament. The proposed apology clarified that the misleading headline was unintentional and asserted that the “Evening Post” had no malice in its reporting. Attorney-General Mr Hanan spoke regarding the matter, emphasising that the breach of privilege involved Parliament as a whole, stating that it was a significant affirmation of parliamentary rights. He suggested that the incident highlighted the importance of press responsibility within a parliamentary democracy. Mr Hanan concluded that, due to the expression of regret from the newspaper, the matter should be considered closed. Dr A.M. Finlay, another member of the committee, supported Mr Hanan’s remarks. He noted that the editor seemed somewhat puzzled over how the headline could lead to such confusion. There was a discussion about the term ""statistical"" used in the headline, which could mislead readers unacquainted with its context. After reflecting on this feedback, the editor acknowledged that many readers might have misconstrued the headline, potentially believing it implied a statistical analysis of Parliament’s views on homosexuality. Overall, this incident served to reinforce the principles of parliamentary privilege and the responsibilities of the press in reporting on issues of public interest.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681121_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681121.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-35121600
4365,21,11,1968,"Prison Reform (Press, 21 November 1968)","On 20 November 1968, the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in Wellington recommended that the New Zealand Government consider a petition from the New Zealand Howard League aimed at reforming the penal system. This petition was presented to Parliament in July of the same year and outlined several proposals for changes within the correctional framework. Notably, one of the suggestions was to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting male adults, although the committee's recommendation did not specifically address this matter. Among the reform proposals suggested by the Howard League, several key initiatives were highlighted. These included the establishment of unwalled prisons for the majority of inmates, with the exception of those who required confinement. The petition also called for research into the underlying causes of crime in an effort to develop preventative measures, along with strategies to decrease the number of first offenders entering the prison system. Another significant proposal was the introduction of home leave for prisoners, with an initial focus on allowing one month of leave for all inmates, contingent upon public safety. Additionally, the league proposed that a welfare worker and psychiatrist be appointed to the judiciary to provide advisory support during sentencing. Finally, they advocated for an expansion of the powers of parole boards, proposing that they should be able to remit two-thirds of a sentence, as opposed to the current maximum of one-quarter. In related news, a ceremony was scheduled for 10 December 1968 to mark the completion of the new maximum security prison located at Paremoremo, Auckland.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681121_2_199.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681121.2.199,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-35121600
7004,22,11,1968,"Man Becomes Woman (Press, 22 November 1968)","Gordon Langley Hall, a writer and the adoptive son of actress Dame Margaret Rutherford, has undergone a sex change operation and is planning to marry John Paul Simmons, a man of African American descent. Most of Hall's British family, including Dame Margaret, support the decision, although a great aunt expressed a reservation about her marrying a Baptist. Dame Margaret, known for her portrayal of Miss Marple in Agatha Christie adaptations, shared her pride in the family, noting that they now have two adoptive sons and two daughters after Hall’s transition to Dawn Langley Hall. While Hall’s operation has not caused significant concern among her family, the news of her marriage has generated surprise within Charleston's high society, where Gordon once held a place. In an interview, Hall, now 31 (though some reports suggest she is 39), discussed her operation at Johns Hopkins Hospital, where she began to develop female characteristics. Hormone treatments complemented the surgery. A spokesperson from Johns Hopkins confirmed that Hall had been a patient but declined to comment further. Hall and Simmons, a former garage mechanic and the youngest of eleven siblings, originally planned to marry at a Baptist church in Charleston, where Simmons' father serves as a deacon. However, they abandoned that plan due to threats of violence against the church. Instead, they will have an Anglican wedding in England, which Dame Margaret and her husband, actor Stringer Davis, hope to attend. Miss Hall expressed her desire to return to Charleston with Simmons after their marriage, aiming to live peacefully despite the reactions from her former social circle. She articulated her contentment with her new life, stating, “I was sick and now I'm well,” and affirming their happiness together.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681122_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681122.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-35035200
4366,10,12,1968,"Society Opposed To Inquiry (Press, 10 December 1968)","On 10 December 1968, the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society expressed skepticism regarding an official commission of inquiry into homosexuality and the law, which had been suggested following the Petitions Committee's report on the society's recent petition to Parliament. The society's President, Professor J. H. Robb, remarked that the supporters of an inquiry, including certain Parliamentarians and church members, may not have fully considered the potential limitations of such a process. Professor Robb pointed out the difficulty of formulating terms of reference for the inquiry that would not either replicate the findings of the Wolfenden Committee in Britain or set unattainable goals specific to New Zealand. He noted that committees are often utilised as means of delaying action, and their findings can remain unaddressed for substantial periods. He asserted that ample evidence already exists for Parliament to examine and determine the validity of the society's claims, eliminating the need for a lengthy inquiry. The statement from the society also highlighted that the Justice Department appears informed about the need for legislative change on the matter. The law reform movement has garnered support from a diverse array of professionals, including experts in law, medicine, and social work, as well as from organisations like the Jaycees and numerous churches. However, they observed that the general sentiment among Parliament members seems to lag behind public opinion, which is increasingly supportive of reform. The society indicated that existing research, both locally and from similar overseas communities, had been compiled and shared with the Parliamentary committee. They pointed out that while some local research had been pursued, it was limited due to the lack of medical and social work experts and the challenges of operating within New Zealand's small, closely-knit community, where individuals often fear identification. Moreover, one submission to the Petitions Committee had proposed that New Zealand homosexuals were fundamentally different from those in Britain, the United States, or Northern Europe; however, this assertion lacked support from professional publications or discussions among experts. The society raised concerns that disregarding the opinions of professionals might necessitate involving overseas experts in an inquiry, a move that would likely be costly and time-consuming. Professor Robb compared the situation to that of the Wolfenden Committee, which spent three years deliberating on similar issues, concluding that any expedited investigation would probably yield unproductive results. The original Wolfenden Committee had engaged with various professional associations and experts to gather comprehensive evidence, whereas the Petitions Committee appeared to have dismissed their conclusions and those from several church committees. The society ultimately argued that it would be unrealistic to expect homosexual individuals to provide the necessary firsthand insights for an inquiry due to fears of stigma, leading to an incomplete and skewed understanding. Instead, they contended that enhancing public comprehension of social issues related to homosexuality is as crucial as pursuing legislative reforms. They believed that the educational efforts of supportive organisations would be more impactful than an official inquiry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681210_2_173.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681210.2.173,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-33480000
4367,28,12,1968,"N.z. Actress In Hollywood Role (Press, 28 December 1968)","Miss Rosalie Williams, a former nurse from Christchurch, has found significant success in Hollywood with her role as a “very bitchy and bossy Australian” in the controversial film, ""The Killing of Sister George."" This film explores the lives and homosexual relationships of women working in a television hospital series. Williams plays an assistant to the producer character, Mercy, portrayed by Australian actress Coral Browne. To embody her character, she has adopted a broad Australian accent, and her nearly six-foot frame has been padded for the role, while her hair is cropped and bleached. Despite some criticism of the film's sensationalism from director Bob Aldrich, Williams supports the film's intentions, believing it serves to inform audiences, particularly parents, about issues often hidden from view. The film has sparked conversations, and she hopes it will generate additional acting opportunities for her. Williams noted that filming involved closed sets for explicit love scenes, notably shot at a lesbian club in London, where real club members served as extras. Williams expressed confidence in her role, not worrying about public perception. She believes authenticity in performance is important, asserting she would take on a nude scene if it suited the character. The film has been well-received, showing to full houses, and she enjoyed working under Aldrich, whom she described as a ""marvellous director"" with a deep understanding of actors. Her path to Hollywood began when the casting director for 20th Century Fox discovered her during a Las Vegas revue. Initially, she worked in private nursing while seeking acting representation, highlighting a pragmatic attitude toward her rise in the industry. Williams rejected the notion of attending Hollywood parties to gain fame, stating that hard work, talent, and a professional approach are necessary for respect in the business. Living in Los Angeles has its challenges; she mentioned the adverse effects of smog, which makes her feel tired and irritable. While she finds solace in performances in locations such as Hawaii and Lake Tahoe, she also advocates for better control of air quality in Los Angeles. Williams's journey in performing arts began in Australia in 1957, leading her to London where she trained in drama and dance. Her career included a stint with the Bluebell Girls in Paris and Las Vegas, gaining recognition for her involvement in a ""topless"" revue. Although she enjoys serious acting, she acknowledges that romantic lead roles have not been offered to her, candidly stating she does not see herself as the archetypal glamorous leading lady. She remains aware of the dark side of show business, having witnessed the downfall of friends in the industry. To maintain perspective, Williams consciously carves out time for relaxation, finding gardening particularly soothing. Her friendship circle includes those from outside entertainment, though she is also connected to several well-known figures in Hollywood.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19681228_2_12_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19681228.2.12.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-31924800
4368,04,01,1969,"General News (Press, 4 January 1969)","Emergency services at Christchurch Airport were put on stand-by on 3 January 1969 when a United States Navy Hercules aircraft landed with one propeller feathered. However, a spokesperson from the United States Navy Antarctic support force headquarters confirmed that there was no issue with the aircraft; the feathering was part of a practice drill. In Christchurch, cooler temperatures were noted at local beaches due to a light easterly wind, resulting in lower attendance compared to the previous days. Surf conditions at Taylor’s Mistake reached between 3ft to 4ft, while other beaches reported surf of less than 2ft. Waimairi Beach experienced a choppy sea, where a 3ft shark was caught, and several porpoises were spotted at Waimairi and Pegasus Beach. In other news, D. Coghlan, a miner from Reefton, achieved what is believed to be a New Zealand coal-shovelling record by filling a half-ton hopper in 56.65 seconds, which was nearly ten seconds faster than his closest competitor. The previous record holder, L. Warren, struggled and took 75.65 seconds to complete the task. On 2 January, the Governor-General Sir Arthur Porritt and his family enjoyed a less successful fishing day aboard the Tauranga Harbour Board tug Rotorua, catching only a dozen fish, primarily the tarakihi and rock cod, with Miss Joanna Porritt being the most successful angler. International weather reports indicated widely varying conditions, with Rome experiencing a sunny day with temperatures ranging from 34 to 58 degrees, while London had some sun with temperatures from 41 to 48 degrees. Other cities including Berlin and Amsterdam faced rain and overcast skies. A study is set to be conducted in the United Kingdom to examine the treatment and advice available for homosexuals following a change in legislation. Professor D. L. Mathieson from Victoria University will investigate the counselling efforts of the Albany Trust and similar organisations during a year-long study leave at Oxford University. Fishing enthusiasts were pleased as Mr. J. Gajewski from Melbourne caught three American brook trout at Taupo, weighing 4lb 13oz, 5lb 4oz, and 3lb 4oz. Brook trout are considered a high-quality catch but are rare, with approximately 700 of them released above the Hinemaiaia dam since 1952. In the dairy sector, Waikato’s dairy production has rebounded after a poor start to the season, catching up with the previous year's outputs and potentially exceeding them in some factories, aided by improved feed conditions following recent rain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690104_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690104.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-31320000
4369,23,01,1969,"Argument About “pot” Report On Cannabis And The... (Press, 23 January 1969)","W. F. Deedes, a Conservative Party M.P. for Ashford, has expressed concerns regarding the implications of the Wootton Committee's report on cannabis, or ""pot,"" in an article published in the Daily Telegraph on 23 January 1969. He describes the report as a significant political dilemma for the Home Secretary, caught between medical facts and the realities of political expediency. The timing of the report has raised eyebrows as it follows a troubled year for cannabis users facing legal penalties. Deedes highlights that the report contributes to an ongoing generational conflict and suggests it could be perceived by conservatives as a move towards excessive permissiveness, undermining established authority. The crux of the issue, as outlined by Deedes, is whether it is politically defensible to maintain laws that contradict the scientific evidence regarding cannabis. He cites discussions with doctors involved in drug research, who argue that while cannabis is not entirely safe, it is less dangerous than previously assumed. He critiques the classification of cannabis as comparable to heroin under the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1965, describing this as ""nonsense"" that could undermine societal confidence in authority regarding all dangerous substances. The lengthy timeframe of the inquiry exacerbates the situation, as the process has spanned over three years since recommendations for a committee were first made in 1965. In addressing the potential for changing legislation, Deedes notes that the Home Secretary could argue that the scientific evidence, although compelling, is not conclusive enough to warrant a legal shift. He refers to international reports from Canada and the United States that align with the Wootton Committee’s findings, suggesting that the effects of marijuana are not fundamentally different from those of alcohol and that penalties for marijuana use should be re-evaluated. Despite these scientific perspectives, Deedes mentions that both Canada and the U.S. have yet to significantly amend their laws regarding cannabis, with American penalties being notably severe. He questions the validity of maintaining current laws in light of overwhelming evidence suggesting cannabis does not pose the level of risk previously thought. The report also engages with philosophical arguments about the limits of state intervention in individual behaviour and societal health. Deedes references J.S. Mill's principle that individuals should not be restrained unless their actions harm others, contrasting it with Lord Devlin's view that society has a duty to legislate against harmful behaviours, particularly if these behaviours are widespread. The ongoing debate reveals a societal struggle to find a coherent framework for drug use and dependence, with a notable lack of philosophical guidance available for legislators. In conclusion, Deedes argues that public discourse surrounding cannabis must broaden beyond mere medical assessments to encompass the social implications and ethical responsibilities of legislation. He posits that the Wootton Committee's report, regardless of acceptance or rejection, has the potential to provoke necessary dialogue about the role of cannabis in society and the state’s responsibilities in regulating it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690123_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690123.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-29678400
7005,24,01,1969,"Former Man Is Bride (Press, 24 January 1969)","On 23 January 1969, in Charleston, South Carolina, Dawn Langley Hall, previously known as Gordon Langley Hall before undergoing a sex change, married her former Negro butler, John Paul Simmons. The wedding ceremony, attended by approximately 20 guests, took place at Miss Hall’s residence on Society Street. The event faced a brief delay when the individual set to give the bride away unexpectedly changed his mind. The marriage marks a notable moment in the social history of the region, which has deep roots in the old Confederacy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690124_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690124.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-29592000
4370,24,01,1969,"Homosexual Associations Not Legalised (Press, 24 January 1969)","On 23 January 1969, the Dutch Lower House of Parliament rejected two resolutions aimed at providing legal recognition for the Dutch Association of Homosexuals, known as the ""C.O.C."" (Cultural and Relaxation Centre). The resolutions were introduced by female parliament members and sought to address the legal status of the association, which has existed for 20 years. The first resolution urged the Minister of Justice to focus solely on legal considerations when deciding whether to grant Royal approval for the association's statutes. Despite support from various political groups, including the Labour Party, Pacifist Socialists, Democratic Party, Radical Catholics, Communists, and two Liberals, this resolution was defeated by a vote of 66 to 47. The second resolution aimed to amend Dutch law to eliminate the requirement for Royal approval for associations to achieve legal status. This proposal was also rejected, garnering support mainly from the Democratic Party, Labour Party, Radical Catholics, and Communists, but failing to pass without a division. Additionally, there is ongoing discussion in Parliament regarding a proposal to repeal a section of the penal code that imposes a maximum four-year prison sentence for an adult engaging in sexual relations with a minor of the same sex, where a minor is defined as someone under 21 years of age. The debate reflects a broader and intensifying controversy surrounding the legal recognition of homosexuals in the Netherlands, as evidenced by public interest and media discussion on the subject. Outside Parliament, around 100 homosexuals greeted the arriving members with heart-shaped sweets that read messages like “Like a Kiss” and “See You Tonight,"" highlighting the changing attitudes towards homosexuality in Dutch society. Over recent years, there has been significant progress in public perception, with clubs for homosexuals emerging and operating without police interference, provided they are orderly. Advocates assert that homosexual love should be recognised as equally valid as heterosexual love, insisting that existing legislation against it constitutes discrimination. In a separate report on the same day, the Goulburn wool sale concluded with strong competition and full firmness across various wool descriptions, with nearly all 4,800 bales sold. The main buyers included Japan, the Continent, and the United Kingdom, indicating robust international demand for New Zealand wool.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690124_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690124.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-29592000
4371,29,01,1969,"Cosmetics Horrify Most Males (Press, 29 January 1969)","A recent survey conducted on 28 January 1969 highlights significant resistance among New Zealand men towards the idea of using cosmetics, specifically moisturisers and skin lotions, which have gained popularity in other parts of the world. The discussion was prompted by comments from Ronald Humphries, a make-up artist from London, who suggested that such products would soon arrive in New Zealand as an essential aspect of good grooming. The survey responses were overwhelmingly negative, with many men expressing horror at the notion of using products like facial masks, moisture balms, or hand lotions. Reactions varied, with some men labelling the concept as ""revolting,"" ""decadent,"" and ""ridiculous,"" while others deemed it unprintable. Many asserted that they had neither the time nor desire to engage with cosmetics, preferring a traditional approach to grooming. This contrasts sharply with opinions from a decade ago when even the use of after-shave or deodorant might have provoked similar scorn. One man stated he would ""rather be dead"" than use cosmetic products, fearing they could lead to accusations of having homosexual tendencies. He admitted to using only basic grooming products like talcum powder and aftershave, and expressed a willingness to grow old without the aid of cosmetics, dismissing the idea of striving for perpetual youth. Though some men acknowledged that certain cosmetic products might eventually reach the New Zealand market, they believed such purchases would appeal to a small, perhaps more fastidious, segment. Another man noted that while he dedicated time to his appearance, he would not resort to cosmetics, equating cleanliness with basic soap-and-water practices rather than beauty products. He also referred to the potential for cosmetics among men as a passing fad, akin to historical trends. Interestingly, men with younger sons demonstrated more openness towards changing societal norms regarding grooming, indicating a shift in attitudes may occur over time. While most men surveyed admitted to using deodorants, talcum powder, and aftershave—often because they received them as gifts—they remained resolute in their rejection of additional products meant for skincare. Women’s opinions on this matter varied as well. Some women preferred traditional masculine scents, while others acknowledged the practicality of cleansing and moisturising products. One young woman mentioned that her father used her moisturiser, highlighting a gap in the male skincare market. In conclusion, the attitudes of New Zealand men toward cosmetics reveal a strong adherence to traditional masculine grooming habits, with a prevalent concern over societal perceptions and masculinity. As societal norms continue to evolve, it remains to be seen whether cosmetics will eventually be embraced by a broader audience of New Zealand men.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690129_2_20_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690129.2.20.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-29160000
4372,21,02,1969,"Parisian Leads Male Fashion Revolution (Press, 21 February 1969)","On 21 February 1969, an article by Elizabeth Peer explored the evolving landscape of men's fashion, focusing significantly on designer Pierre Cardin. The piece discusses the emergence of a new style for the American male, presenting a stark departure from traditional norms, described in humorous and dramatic terms as resembling someone who has just exited a women's dormitory. Cardin, a prominent Parisian couturier, reflects on the uninspiring state of men’s clothing, stating he was ""bored"" with the outdated, boxy looks commonly seen in male attire. He criticises features such as excessive padding and poorly tailored cuts, describing them as ""monstrous."" Instead, he promotes a more elegant and stylised design with a focus on a slender silhouette, which involves high-waisted jackets, natural shoulders, and low collars that enhance the overall appearance of the male figure. The article notes that Cardin's designs have gained attention and are shaping men's fashion trends in the United States. Cardin's ready-to-wear suits are priced around $200, but he also offers more extravagant items like Indian silk lounging pajamas for $120 and yak-fur coats costing $600, complete with industrial zippers. His philosophy revolves around the notion that clothing should be appropriate for the occasion, arguing that wearing sports attire in urban settings is ""grotesque."" Peer provides a brief background on Cardin, describing his humble beginnings in Lyons, France, as the son of Italian immigrants. His early interest in fashion was evident when he played with dolls and designed clothes for them. Cardin began his career working with renowned couturiers such as Paquin and Schiaparelli, eventually teaming up with Christian Dior before launching his own brand in 1953. The initial reception to his male clothing line was lukewarm, particularly for his colourful neckties that were deemed vulgar at the time. However, the popularity of British bands like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones eventually paved the way for a revival of such styles. As Cardin's business expanded, he introduced more innovative designs during the 1960s, including fitted shirts and collarless jackets. As of that year, he reports that two-thirds of his sales originate from men's fashion, and he prides himself on creating practical clothing accessible to everyday men. Looking ahead, Cardin predicts significant changes in men's fashion, including the decline of neckties and a shift towards more revealing styles. He is also working on a ""cosmonaut suit,"" a futuristic design aimed at revolutionising male apparel. Concluding the article, Cardin's confidence shines through as he recalls the initial skepticism toward his fitted shirts and suggests that future trends will render his current designs commonplace.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690221_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690221.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-27172800
4373,26,02,1969,"Oswald’s Widow Gives Evidence In Trial (Press, 26 February 1969)","Clay Shaw has recently faced a setback in his trial regarding allegations that he conspired to murder President John F. Kennedy. A court in New Orleans denied his request for acquittal, prompting the defence to call its first witness, Marina Oswald Porter, the widow of accused assassin Lee Harvey Oswald. During her testimony, Mrs Porter, currently residing in Richardson, Texas, claimed she had never heard her husband mention Clay Shaw or David Ferrie. Additionally, she refuted claims made by the prosecution’s key witness, Perry Raymond Russo, who asserted that Oswald had worn a beard and cohabited with Ferrie in New Orleans. David Ferrie, a former airline pilot whose life was marred by issues related to his sexuality, was found dead in New Orleans in February 1967. Oswald, identified as the lone assassin of President Kennedy by the Warren Commission, was killed by Jack Ruby two days after the assassination on 24 November 1963. Shaw, a 55-year-old retired businessman, was arrested on 1 March 1967 on the conspiracy charges, maintaining throughout that he is innocent. The evidence and argumentation from the prosecution heavily relied on the testimony of Russo, who claimed he overheard Shaw, Oswald, and Ferrie discussing their plans to assassinate Kennedy at a social gathering in Ferrie’s apartment in September 1963. However, before Mrs Porter took the stand, Judge Edward A. Haggerty refused a defence motion to direct the jury to find Shaw innocent. Under questioning by defence lawyer Mr Dymond, Mrs Porter was asked whether she recognised the names of Shaw and Ferrie; she stated she did not. She indicated that the only time Oswald was absent from their home was during his incarceration for distributing pro-Castro leaflets in New Orleans in 1963. Furthermore, she denied that Oswald had ever worn a beard or had long hair, contrasting sharply with Russo's description of him as unkempt. In response to queries about Oswald's activities, Mrs Porter denied any knowledge of him travelling to Clinton, Louisiana, unlike several witnesses presented by District Attorney Jim Garrison, who testified that Oswald, Shaw, and Ferrie had been in Clinton in August 1963, where Oswald allegedly attempted to register to vote. The court proceedings are ongoing as the trial continues, with ongoing discussions about the credibility of witnesses and the evidence presented.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690226_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690226.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-26740800
4374,05,03,1969,"Prison Life Described (Press, 5 March 1969)","On 4 March 1969, a Senate investigation in Washington revealed alarming insights into the lives of young prisoners, particularly focusing on the brutal experiences within the American prison system. A 25-year-old African American inmate, referred to as ""John Doe"" to protect his identity, provided a poignant testimony about his life behind bars, describing it as fraught with violence, conflict, and despair. He recounted his journey into the criminal justice system, which began at the age of 13 when his father turned him over to authorities. The inmate expressed hopelessness about his future, stating that upon release, he planned to resort to robbery using a firearm. This testimony followed that of Philadelphia District Attorney Arlen Specter, who spoke about the prevalence of homosexual practices in prisons, labelling the criminal justice system as profoundly flawed. He argued that the current conditions in prisons produce individuals who are more dangerous to society rather than rehabilitating them. Senator Thomas Dodd, leading the sub-committee on juvenile delinquency, echoed these sentiments, highlighting the degradation and dehumanisation experienced by offenders. He remarked that the treatment of inmates often falls short compared to how society treats animals. The investigation also unveiled troubling aspects of prison life, including regular prison fights and assaults, which ""Doe"" described in detail. He pointed out that the only training he received in various institutions was in janitorial work, and he dismissed the notion that job training or harsher sentences would deter crime. Instead, he indicated that the perception among inmates was that if they faced long sentences, they would either escape or violently resist arrest. Specter's testimony underscored the gravity of the situation, noting that sexual assaults are widespread in the Philadelphia prison system and likely present in others nationwide. He highlighted the traumatic impact these experiences have on young men when they reintegrate into society, reflecting on the deep-seated degradation and hatred that accompanies such trauma. Overall, this Senate investigation brought to light critical issues surrounding juvenile delinquents in the United States, raising questions about the systemic failures of the prison system to rehabilitate and protect vulnerable individuals, ultimately leading to a cycle of violence and crime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690305_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690305.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-26136000
4375,07,03,1969,"J.p.s “out Of Touch” On Homosexual Law (Press, 7 March 1969)","On 7 March 1969, Mr J. W. Goodwin, the secretary of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, commented on the opposition from the New Zealand Justices Association regarding the liberalisation of laws related to homosexual activity. He referred to remarks made by the Minister of Police, who described the Justices of the Peace as “surprisingly out of touch with recent events.” The minister noted various issues pertinent to his department, indicating that the Justices had not adequately informed themselves on the subject of homosexuality. Goodwin highlighted a concerning point made by the Justices, where it was claimed that allowing homosexual acts between consenting adults in private would lead to a double moral standard, contrasting youth and adults. He argued that this perspective was inconsistent since society already employs a similar dual standard by setting different ages of consent for heterosexual relationships. He pointed out that, in Britain, the age of consent was established at 21 for homosexual acts, thereby providing protections that were not available to younger women. Additionally, Goodwin addressed a move by the Justices calling for a local inquiry into homosexuality. He expressed reservations regarding the adequacy of such an inquiry, citing the extensive time frame that the Wolfenden Committee in Britain required to conduct their investigation—three years—and raising concerns about the availability of qualified experts in New Zealand. He warned of the potential risks associated with official inquiries, drawing on reports from South Africa where participants in such inquiries faced police harassment. Goodwin questioned whether similar situations could arise in New Zealand should a local inquiry be pursued.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690307_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690307.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-25963200
4376,27,03,1969,"Comment On South African Prison (Press, 27 March 1969)","On 27 March 1969, Mr M. O’Neill, the secretary of the Christchurch branch of Amnesty International, highlighted the dire conditions faced by political prisoners at Robben Island, South Africa, following a speech by former prisoner Mr D. Brutus at the University of Canterbury. O’Neill reported that prisoners who voiced complaints to the Chief Warder or sought legal assistance were punished by being placed in isolation. He pointed out that inmates were not allowed access to prison regulations and revealed that during visits by G. Hoffman of the International Red Cross, prisoners were temporarily provided with better clothing and clean blankets, which were later taken away. The living conditions were described as overcrowded, with cells originally designed for 50 prisoners being crammed with over 80 individuals. O’Neill noted that only two rolls of toilet paper were allocated weekly for two flush toilets shared amongst the occupants, and the toilets were visible to other cellmates. The drinking water quality was poor, described as brackish, and the medical treatment available was insufficient, often administered by untrained orderlies. Prisoners' opportunities for study were at the discretion of the Chief Warder, who frequently discouraged educational pursuits. O'Neill mentioned an affidavit from a recently released prisoner stating that warders, armed with batons and pick handles, enforced control and that any complaints directed to the Chief Warder often resulted in retaliatory punishment. Additionally, he claimed that, with the complicity of the warders, homosexual inmates frequently targeted the younger political prisoners for attacks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690327_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690327.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-24235200
4379,29,03,1969,"Lecture By Priest (Press, 29 March 1969)","The Rev. J. K. Coulson, a parish priest from Akaroa, strongly criticised modern theological interpretations following a lecture by the Rev. P. Oestricher, an Anglican priest, at Auckland University. In his statement, Mr Coulson asserted that while theology must evolve to remain relevant, it should not compromise the ethical teachings of Jesus to align with contemporary permissive societal standards. He expressed particular concern over Oestricher's remarks suggesting that in exceptional cases, sexual relations outside marriage could be beneficial for therapeutic reasons. Coulson highlighted a troubling trend among some modern theologians who have proposed controversial views about Jesus, including claims that He may have been homosexual or even married with children. He referred to Oestricher as a “new theologian,” implying that his opinions diverged starkly from traditional Christian morals. Coulson questioned the efficacy of Oestricher's visit, stating that if the views reported in the press were accurate, they would unlikely resonate with young people seeking moral guidance. He lamented that during a time when many youths were looking for direction in moral issues, the church appeared to promote visiting theologians who distort Christ's teachings. Instead of demonstrating how the Christian Gospel is applicable to modern-day challenges, such figures were seen as undermining the faith that clergy had pledged to uphold in their ordination vows. Overall, Coulson's remarks reflect a wider concern within the church about maintaining traditional values in an era of changing societal norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690329_2_177.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690329.2.177,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-24062400
4378,29,03,1969,"Magistrate's Court Soldier Imprisoned For Sten-gun... (Press, 29 March 1969)","On 29 March 1969, Graeme Douglas Taylor, a 26-year-old lance-corporal in the New Zealand Army, was sentenced to a total of 18 months’ imprisonment by Magistrate Mr P. L. Molineaux for a series of offences including theft, burglary, and unlawfully taking a car and a dinghy. Taylor had pleaded guilty to charges stemming from incidents in February, where he stole two Sten guns and various military items valued at $85.58 from the Army Department. He also unlawfully took a car worth $1,000 and a dinghy valued at $100. Additionally, he was charged with burglary for breaking into four baches at Mitchells during the same timeframe. The court ordered him to make restitution of $26.89. Another man, Roger Robert Hubert Matchitt, who faced similar charges, received a two-year prison sentence. The Magistrate noted the differences in their criminal histories and evaluated Taylor’s mental health, suggesting that he had been placed in a position of trust by the Army despite previous incidents. In a separate case, Alan Cherry, 25, was placed on 15 months’ probation and fined $100 for being a suspected person with felonious intent. This charge, linked to homosexual conduct, arose just after he was already on probation for an earlier indecent assault charge. The court considered his situation, particularly the support from his parents, which helped him avoid imprisonment. Ivan Raymond Painter, an 18-year-old, received a sentence of three months’ periodic detention for urinating on the stairs of Christchurch Cathedral. His home life challenges and recent arrest history influenced the sentence, with provisions for him to continue living and working as directed by a probation officer. Allan James Candlish, 19, was fined $20 for wilfully damaging a letter-box during a late-night escapade. The Magistrate remarked on his lack of respect for others' property. Wendy Patterson Wanhall, a 28-year-old housewife, received a two-year probation sentence for forgery and theft, avoiding a prison term because of her pregnancy. However, the court indicated that a custodial sentence would have been warranted had it not been for her health condition. Gino Vincente Castillo, 23, was remanded on bail for sentencing related to receiving stolen property valued at $21.45. Kenneth Francis Joseph Linton, 18, faced fines and disqualification from driving for a year due to dangerous driving on 31 December 1968. Stephen Charles Goddard, a 15-year-old, was sentenced to the Waikeria Detention Centre for burglary. Various other minor cases were reported, including fines for traffic offences, with specific amounts detailed for failing to stop at signs and speeding violations. The issues highlighted the ongoing challenges surrounding law enforcement and public safety in the community context of Christchurch during that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690329_2_165.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690329.2.165,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-24062400
4377,29,03,1969,"South Africa (Press, 29 March 1969)","A letter to the editor of ""The Press,"" dated 23 March 1969, from Peter C. Higham, criticises the publication for its focus on South Africa while ignoring severe human rights violations occurring in other countries. Higham argues that Russia is oppressing nations such as Ukraine, Latvia, Estonia, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia through violent force and systematic liquidation. He also cites reports of Nigeria's military killing around 7,000 Biafrans daily, and mentions a shocking incident involving Nigerian troops allegedly killing and even roasting children. Additionally, Higham refers to the brutal massacres in Zanzibar, where at least 12,000 individuals are said to have been killed, and men have reportedly been tortured through forced homosexual acts with soldiers. He highlights that a reign of terror continues in both Zanzibar and Pemba, asserting that despite these acts, ""The Press"" has not advocated for the exclusion of Russia, Nigeria, or Tanzania from the Olympic Games. Higham’s contention is that if certain brutal actors, such as murderers and cannibals, seek support, they can find it in ""The Press."" His letter points to a perceived inconsistency in how these nations are treated in international discourse compared to South Africa. The letter was sent to Lieutenant-Colonel A. C. R. Elderton of the Aid Rhodesia Movement, who forwarded it to ""The Press"" with a note asking for its return if it was not published, indicating the sensitivity of the issue and Higham's determination to ensure the letter reaches its audience. The editorial staff at ""The Press"" decided to print the letter along with Elderton’s note, presenting it as a reflection of the concerns expressed by Higham regarding media coverage and the selectivity in addressing human rights abuses globally.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690329_2_77_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690329.2.77.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-24062400
4380,31,03,1969,"Robben Island (Press, 31 March 1969)","In a letter published on 31 March 1969, a writer, signing off as ""TH® WALRUS,"" responded critically to Mr Picton Jones’s endorsement of an article by Amnesty International regarding conditions in a South African prison. The writer dismissed Jones's views as nonsense and accused him of being misled by prison authorities, claiming that both Mr Hynning and the Red Cross had similarly been deceived. The letter focused on the complaints made by an ex-prisoner about the conditions in the prison. The author questioned the significance of the complaints, particularly highlighting a claim about inadequate toilet paper—asserting that two rolls for 80 prisoners per week was sufficient, given that toilet paper is not commonly used by Africans. The letter also addressed allegations of the warders encouraging homosexual activities and stated that the design of lavatories being open to view served to deter such practices. Furthermore, the writer suggested that Amnesty International, represented by Mr Brutus, has a stronger focus on prisons in countries ruled by white governments, while failing to adequately assist political detainees facing severe conditions in African-led nations like Zambia and Tanzania. The tone of the letter is confrontational and critical of both Mr Picton Jones and Amnesty International, suggesting an underlying sentiment of bias in the scrutiny of prison conditions based on the governing bodies of the countries involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690331_2_107_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690331.2.107.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-23889600
4381,10,04,1969,"Homosexual Law Change Urged (Press, 10 April 1969)","On 9 April 1969, Mr K. R. Daniels, a psychiatric social worker from the North Canterbury Hospital Board, addressed the issue of homosexuality at Christchurch College. He emphasised that although some dismiss homosexuality as unimportant, it remains a significant problem stemming from widespread ignorance. Daniels suggested that while increased education could alleviate misunderstanding and hostility towards homosexuality, there are limits to what education alone can achieve. He explained that homosexuality is not merely defined by sexual acts, but rather as a personality pattern. According to Daniels, a person’s development into homosexuality often results from interference that prevents the normal biological goal of heterosexuality from being achieved. He noted that both men and women can experience this, indicating a spectrum from overt homosexuality to more latent forms. Two main theories were discussed regarding the origins of homosexuality: a biological explanation, which remains unproven, and a psychological perspective that attributes the condition to a disordered relationship between parent and child. Daniels highlighted that certain parental traits could hinder proper heterosexual identification, leading to homosexuality. He clarified that the individuals who interfere with children are not necessarily homosexuals, countering a common misconception. Daniels stated that if homosexuality is linked to personality development, there might be potential for reversal or modification, yet he acknowledged that for many, significant change is unlikely. He pointed out that there is no physical treatment for homosexuality, and methods such as castration do not resolve the underlying personality issues. The most common treatments available are group therapy, behaviour therapy, which does not change the core personality, and psychoanalysis, which seeks to understand the development process. Mr Daniels also identified systemic issues with the law, suggesting that it forces homosexuality underground, complicating the acquisition of knowledge and understanding. He estimated that 4 to 5 per cent of the New Zealand population is homosexual. Daniels argued that law reform would not likely increase homosexuality's prevalence but could greatly reduce human suffering and eliminate opportunities for blackmail against homosexuals. He noted that in many Western countries, homosexuality is no longer criminalised, although related abuses of authority or public decency remain offences. He criticised imprisonment as an ineffective response that potentially exacerbates resentment in individuals. Daniels acknowledged a shift in theological thinking, with some churches expressing support for the reform of laws regarding homosexuality, marking what he described as a significant cultural change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690410_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690410.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-23025600
4382,21,04,1969,"Homosexuality ""not Condoned’ (Press, 21 April 1969)","On 17 April 1969, during a lunch-hour talk at the University of Otago, New Zealand's Deputy Prime Minister, Mr Marshall, spoke against the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. He stated that, from the perspective of the National Party, such reform would represent a backward step for society. Marshall described homosexuality as an unnatural behaviour that should not be tolerated. His comments reflect the prevailing attitudes towards homosexuality in New Zealand during that time, indicating significant societal resistance to changing laws related to homosexual conduct. The Deputy Prime Minister's remarks revealed a firm stance against any progress in legalising consensual homosexual acts, aligning with conservative views held by many in the political landscape of the era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690421_2_190.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690421.2.190,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-22075200
7635,24,04,1969,"Warder Confirms Use O Shocks (Press, 24 April 1969)","On 23 April 1969, a former prison warder testified in a court in Johannesburg regarding the treatment of African prisoners, claiming they were subjected to electric shock treatment to extract information. The warder's identity was not revealed due to a court order. His statement was part of the trial involving Laurence Gandar, the editor-in-chief of the ""Rand Daily Mail,"" and senior reporter Benjamin Pogrund, who faced charges of publishing false information about prison conditions without taking sufficient steps to verify their claims. They pleaded not guilty. This trial stems from a series of articles that the ""Rand Daily Mail"" published in June and July of 1965. These articles made serious allegations regarding the use of electric torture, physical assaults, sexual violence, and unsanitary conditions in several prisons, including Cinderella Prison located in Boksburg, near Johannesburg. During his testimony, the former warder recounted his experiences working at Cinderella Prison in 1964 and 1965 before resigning. He described a practice in which prisoners were stripped and placed on a table covered with a wet waterproof sheet in a hospital setting, where electric machines were employed. He detailed that the machine stood two feet high, with wires and electrodes attached to various parts of a prisoner's body, resulting in painful electric shocks that often made the prisoners scream. He asserted that the procedure was intended to extract information and noted that other prisoners had to restrain the shocked individual to prevent them from fleeing. The warder further claimed that there were instances in which the electric shocks were administered to a prisoner's genitals. He also provided accounts of physical violence committed by Chief Warder Van Der Merwe, stating that he witnessed prisoners being beaten severely. He indicated that when 20 prisoners were confined in a cell, those who did not exit quickly enough to get their breakfast would be hit. The same punitive measures applied if they did not consume their food rapidly. The warder revealed that the culture of fear and intimidation inhibited prisoners from voicing complaints, as any grievances would lead to more severe punishment in the observation section. The trial continues, with implications that the testimonies could shed light on human rights violations within the South African prison system during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690424_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690424.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-21816000
4383,12,05,1969,"Sex Laws Changed (Press, 12 May 1969)","On 11 May 1969, the West German Parliament made significant changes to its legal framework regarding sexual offences, marking a notable revision of the 1871 German Penal Code. The newly passed legislation removes penalties associated with several sexual acts, including adultery, fornication, consensual homosexual acts among adults, and sexual acts involving animals. The Minister of Justice, Horst Ehmke, articulated the philosophy underpinning this legal reform, referencing Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's assertion that ""the Government has no right in its citizens' bedrooms."" This shift reflects a move towards liberalising attitudes within West Germany regarding personal and sexual freedoms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690512_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690512.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-20260800
4384,31,05,1969,"Letter To M.p.s (Press, 31 May 1969)","The New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society has expressed concern that many members of Parliament are not recognising the shift in public opinion regarding homosexuality. In a letter addressed to all Parliamentarians on 31 May 1969, the society highlighted the support from various churches and organisations for the removal of legal penalties against consensual homosexual acts between males in private. The letter urged MPs to educate themselves on the perspectives of those supporting reform, particularly when moral considerations are raised. The society clarified that reforming the law would not equate to endorsing homosexual behaviour, asserting that the issue cannot be disregarded as it potentially impacts about 50,000 individuals in New Zealand, according to estimates from the Justice Department. They noted that the topic is likely to arise in discussions during election meetings and expressed hope that representatives from all political parties would take it upon themselves to be informed on the matter. Additionally, the letter announced the establishment of a new branch of the society in Dunedin, supported by the Otago Mental Health Association, and indicated plans for a fifth branch in Palmerston North. Overall, the society is advocating for greater awareness and understanding among MPs regarding the need for legal reform concerning homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690531_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690531.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-18619200
4385,04,06,1969,"Abortion And Homosexual Law Reforms In Canada (Press, 4 June 1969)","On 4 June 1969, a significant overhaul of Canada’s criminal code was reported, encompassing reforms on abortion, homosexuality, and lotteries. This comprehensive 73-page omnibus bill had been passed after extensive debate in the House of Commons and represented the conclusion of an effort initiated 14 months earlier by Pierre Trudeau, then Minister of Justice and now Prime Minister. The abortion section of the bill elicited considerable controversy, particularly from Roman Catholic members of Parliament. Henri Latulippe, a vocal opponent, described the abortion clause as “the summit of cruelty, barbarity, cowardice and imbecility,” arguing that the government should instead focus on creating economic conditions to support childbirth. In contrast, Grace MacInnis, a Socialist MP, defended the clause, asserting that the previous legal restrictions resulted in thousands of women being subjected to dangerous and illegal procedures. The new law allows for an abortion to be performed if approved by a committee of three doctors, provided the life or health of the mother is at risk. While the law does not explicitly permit abortion in cases of rape or incest, it allows for the determination of such pregnancies’ impact on the mother's mental and physical health. The section concerning homosexuality stirred debate mainly absent of religious motivations. The revised law decriminalises homosexual acts between consenting adults in private and nullifies the classification of homosexuals as “dangerous sexual offenders”. This marks a significant shift from previous laws which imposed severe penalties for homosexual acts. One notable opponent, former Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, suggested that the new measures might facilitate espionage by making homosexuals more vulnerable to intimidation by the Soviet Union. Trudeau, who famously stated, “The state has no place in the nation’s bedrooms,” underscored the government's intent to recognise the reality of private homosexual relationships. The bill also included reforms to divorce laws, which now allow divorce on grounds such as desertion for three years, mental cruelty, and marriage breakdown, in addition to the previous basis of adultery. This has rendered the divorce process less complicated and has reportedly led to an increase in divorces, as couples now find it easier to separate without having to fabricate claims of infidelity. Moreover, the new legislation allows lotteries to be managed by federal or provincial governments and by licensed religious and charitable organisations, a measure designed to formalise existing practices. Despite these changes, the bill also introduces stricter laws regarding driving under the influence. Suspected drunk drivers can face identical penalties whether or not they agree to a breath test, effectively making refusal a separate offence punishable as though they were convicted of impaired driving. Overall, the passing of this omnibus bill on 4 June 1969 represents a pivotal moment in Canada’s legal and social landscape, reflecting a shift towards greater individual freedoms and the modernisation of outdated laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690604_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690604.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-18273600
4386,30,06,1969,"20 Other Members Since 1300 (Press, 30 June 1969)","On 30 June 1969, a report highlighted the impending formal investiture of Prince Charles as the Prince of Wales, set to take place on 1 July 1969. The event was notable as it would make Charles the latest member of an exclusive historical club, which has only included 20 individuals since the title's inception in the 14th century. The report provided a historical context, noting that the role has been fraught with challenges; some past holders of the title faced dire fates, including execution, while others did not live long enough to ascend to the throne. The first Prince of Wales was Edward II, son of Edward I, who had conquered Wales. Edward II was presented as a Welsh prince despite his lack of Welsh heritage and language, a situation that ultimately led him to face severe challenges as king, including a tumultuous relationship with his wife and being imprisoned before his gruesome execution in 1327. Successors of Edward II had varied fortunes. Edward the Black Prince, known for his prowess in battle, was acknowledged for his military skills but never became king himself. Other princes, including those who followed Henry VIII, met tragic ends, with several being murdered, dying young, or abdicating. Henry VIII, though a powerful monarch, faced hostility in Wales due to his efforts to suppress the Welsh language and culture. Over time, the title passed through several members of the monarchy, including the tumultuous reigns of Charles I, who was executed, and Charles II, who faced exile. The lineage continued with members of the House of Hanover, including George III, who lost the American colonies, and his son George IV, known for his extravagant lifestyle. Edward VII held the title as the son of Queen Victoria, a tenure that lasted six decades. In the 20th century, Charles was preceded by George V, who received a naval education rather than a royal one, and the Duke of Windsor, who had a brief reign of just 11 months before abdication in order to marry. This historical narrative underscored the complexities and often perilous nature of being a Prince of Wales, creating a rich legacy that future holders would inherit along with the title.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690630_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690630.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-16027200
4387,01,07,1969,"Murder Charge Denied (Press, 1 July 1969)","The murder trial of 21-year-old Michael Wayne Frelan commenced at the Supreme Court in Auckland on June 30, 1969. Frelan, who works as a saddler, has pleaded not guilty to the charge of murdering Morris Jury around March 20, 1969. The trial is presided over by Mr Justice Henry, with Mr K. Ryan representing Frelan and Mr D. S. Morris acting for the Crown. The court heard testimony from John Patrick Egan, a self-employed motor mechanic who has known Frelan for approximately 15 to 16 years. Egan recalled seeing both Frelan and Jury at the Ponsonby Club Hotel on March 20, just before he left around 10 p.m. He observed that while Jury appeared intoxicated, Frelan had been drinking but was still able to engage in conversation without slurring his words. Egan noted that their shared school experience included a tragic event in which a fellow pupil was killed, an incident that had a significant emotional impact on them. Another witness, Ngaio Ivan Williamson, a part-time taxi driver, testified about the events of the same night. He stated that around midnight, a man carrying an overnight bag requested a ride to Tiveaton Road, Blockhouse Bay. Williamson identified Frelan as the man who got into his taxi. He mentioned that the bag seemed larger and squatter than the one presented in court. Constable Eric Leslie Marshall provided further details from the investigation. He recounted visiting the address of 11 Tole Street on March 22 at 7:20 p.m., alongside Constable Paul Smith. Upon entry, they found the sitting room in disarray, with personal items strewn about. They discovered a man's body in the bedroom, clad only in a singlet and a cotton shirt, with a pair of underpants around the neck. These underpants were cut away by Constable Smith. The room's lights were off, and the curtains were drawn. Although the scene was concerning, Constable Marshall noted that the death did not appear suspicious, as the underpants were not knotted, and there were no visible bruises on the deceased’s face. He contacted an undertaker and subsequently locked the door before leaving the scene. The trial continues as the jury examines the evidence and testimonies presented in this complex case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690701_2_228.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690701.2.228,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-15940800
7720,02,07,1969,"Murder Trial 48 Witnesses Heard (Press, 2 July 1969)","The Crown case against 21-year-old Michael Wayne Frelan, accused of murdering 38-year-old Morris Jury, concluded in the Supreme Court in Auckland on July 1, 1969, after 48 witnesses provided evidence. Frelan, a saddler, has pleaded not guilty to the charge that he murdered Jury on or around March 20, 1969. The trial is presided over by Mr Justice Henry with a jury composed of 10 men and two women. The defence is represented by Mr K. Ryan and the Crown by Mr D. S. Morris. Witnesses recounted various statements made by Frelan. Stanley Rountree, a leather worker, testified that Frelan expressed uncertainty about his involvement in a death on multiple occasions, stating that he had been present at a flat in Ponsonby during a struggle and heard a gasping sound. Roderick Mac Neil recalled that Frelan had described waking up to an indecent assault and was concerned he had killed a “queer.” Additional testimonies revealed Frelan's incriminating statements. Taxi driver Bryan Harrison relayed that a passenger resembling Frelan mentioned having killed Jury and reported details of wrapping Jury's underpants around his neck. Similarly, taxi driver William Vincent Scott reported Frelan’s comments about his disdain for ""pansies"" and stated that Frelan openly confessed to killing Jury when Scott picked him up on the night of April 5. Frelan's own account to police illustrated a chaotic sequence of events. He indicated that he had returned to a flat where Jury was present, recounting how he dozed off on a couch, only to be awakened by Jury urging him to move to the bed. Frelan described the altercation escalating as he reportedly forced Jury onto the bed, punching him repeatedly while Jury held up a pair of underpants. Frelan insisted that he had not realised the seriousness of the situation or that Jury was dead until he learned about it from the news the following Monday. Detective Inspector Bruce Thomas Newton Hutton initiated inquiries into Jury's death starting March 23. He recounted that he received a call on the night of April 5, instructing him to contact Frelan. Upon attending the Central Police Station, Frelan confessed to Hutton, saying, ""I wish to tell you I murdered Morris Jury,"" providing a timeline of events on the night of the incident. As the courtroom proceedings prepare to transition to the defence's side, the trial showcases the harrowing nature of the testimony and the complexity surrounding the events leading to Jury's untimely death. The legal proceedings are set to continue, with the defence case expected to present its arguments the following day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690702_2_219.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690702.2.219,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-15854400
7636,05,07,1969,"Supreme Court Social Security Officer Guilty On... (Press, 5 July 1969)","On 5 July 1969, Clifford Jack Fordham, a 45-year-old social security officer from Christchurch, was found guilty by a jury in the Supreme Court on all 27 counts of forgery he faced. The trial lasted one week, with Fordham being accused of unlawfully renewing benefits for two deserted wives whose benefits had been cancelled. He was specifically charged with forging documents to appoint fictitious agents who collected and cashed benefit orders from post offices. The charges included the forgery of 19 warrants, with various amounts forged, as well as eight additional forgery counts associated with forms and authorisations. The presiding judge, Mr Justice Wilson, took two hours to summarise the case before the jury began deliberations at 3.08 p.m. The jury returned with a unanimous verdict of guilty by 7 p.m. During the trial, Crown prosecutor Mr N. W. Williamson argued that the evidence against Fordham was substantial, despite his denials. He dismissed Fordham’s claims that someone else in the Social Security Department was responsible for the forgeries as implausible. Williamson pointed out that only Fordham had the unique combination of knowledge, opportunity, and means to commit these forgeries, being the designated officer for deserted wives’ benefits. He noted particularly that Fordham had the ability to control the issuance of forms and access to relevant beneficiary information. Fordham’s defence attorney, Mr R. S. D. Twyneham, contended that the evidence was not conclusive enough to warrant a conviction, citing numerous discrepancies and “unexplained mysteries” surrounding the case. Twyneham argued that it was not the defence’s obligation to identify the actual forger and suggested that people could easily have accessed Fordham's desk within the department. He urged the jury to consider potential weaknesses within the Social Security Department's system and the unreliability of witness identifications, particularly referencing an instance where a post office clerk did not positively identify Fordham. In addition to Fordham’s case, the court also sentenced Ralph Dalkeith Hansen, a 32-year-old driver, to nine months’ imprisonment following convictions on three charges of sodomy and one of indecent assault against a boy. The sentences were ordered to run concurrently, taking place in the same Supreme Court session. The overall proceedings highlighted serious issues of integrity within the public service and the challenges of verifying identities and actions within bureaucracy. Fordham's sentencing is scheduled for 15 July 1969.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690705_2_176.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690705.2.176,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-15595200
4388,07,07,1969,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 7 July 1969)","At a conference held at the Ngaio Marsh Theatre in Ilam on 6 July 1969, four speakers advocated for the reform of homosexual laws in New Zealand. Mr K. R. Daniels, a senior psychiatric social worker from Christchurch Hospital, highlighted the need for greater understanding of homosexuality, including its causes and treatment. He emphasised that the public's awareness and knowledge about the topic are vital for progress. Mrs W Tirikatene-Sullivan, the Member of Parliament for Southern Maori, shared her personal views, noting that many MPs had responded emotionally to a petition for law reform presented the previous year. She expressed her belief that the petition was well-argued and suggested that reforms could significantly reduce human suffering associated with current laws. The Rev. G. Sweet, who has experience as a former prison chaplain and is currently a counsellor and social worker, raised important distinctions between legal reform and changes in societal moral attitudes. His insights were significant in understanding the broader implications of the proposed changes. Mr A. I. Dennis, a law lecturer at the University of Canterbury, provided a critical analysis of existing laws, arguing that they were illogical as they only applied to males and were inconsistently enforced. His points underscored the need for a more rational and equitable framework governing sexual conduct. The event was chaired by Mr G. Lewis, the head of a special committee within the University of Canterbury Students’ Association, who acknowledged that while many attendees might already hold supportive views, the conference played a critical role in educating participants about these issues. Approximately 20 of the 50 attendees were students, indicating a strong interest from the younger generation in the discussion of homosexual law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690707_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690707.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-15422400
7637,12,07,1969,"Editor Found Guilty (Press, 12 July 1969)","On 11 July 1969, Laurence Gandar, the editor-in-chief of the Johannesburg newspaper “Rand Daily Mail,” and senior reporter Benjamin Pogrund were found guilty of publishing false information about conditions in South African prisons. This conclusion was reached after a lengthy trial that began on 1 November 1968, centring on articles published in June and July 1965, which claimed there were instances of assaults, sodomy, and unsanitary conditions in various prisons. Throughout the 88-day trial, the prosecution presented 105 witnesses, while the defence brought forward 16. Both Gandar and Pogrund maintained their innocence, pleading not guilty. The courtroom was filled with a significant audience, including a large contingent of Africans who were segregated from white spectators, as well as numerous international diplomats and journalists. The allegations were specific to reports regarding prisons in Port Elizabeth, Pretoria, and Cinderella Prison located near Johannesburg. The Judge, Petrus Cillie, highlighted that the prosecution successfully demonstrated the inaccuracy of 17 claims related to the Port Elizabeth and Pretoria prisons. He also noted that a doctor at Cinderella Prison had opted to treat suspected malingerers with an electric therapy machine rather than diagnosing them properly, which the Judge described as an unfortunate decision. Despite the convictions, Judge Cillie indicated that there was no evidence that Gandar and Pogrund had knowingly published false information, nor was there proof of any payments made to informants. However, the Judge concluded that the pair failed to take reasonable steps to verify the claims presented in their articles, leading to their conviction. Following the verdict, the court adjourned to the afternoon to hear pleas in mitigation before determining the appropriate sentences. Gandar and Pogrund face up to two years in prison or a fine of 280 South African rand for each of the two charges against them. The case has attracted considerable attention due to the newspaper's role as an outspoken critic of the South African Government's domestic policies, and the implications of the trial extend beyond the individuals involved to wider issues concerning press freedom in the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690712_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690712.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-14990400
4389,29,07,1969,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 29 July 1969)","On 29 July 1969, a news publication provided guidelines for submitting letters to the Editor. It stated that letters should ideally be typed; if handwritten, they must be inked on one side of the paper only. To be considered for publication, letters require a clear signature and a complete address, with the note that a P.O. box number does not suffice. Furthermore, the publication specified that writers should declare if their letters have been sent to or are being considered by other publications. The Editor’s policy indicates that unsuitable letters cannot be returned, acknowledged, or kept, although exceptions may occur if deemed necessary. The guidelines also limit letters to a maximum of 150 words. The publication included brief responses to several letters on various subjects. One writer was advised to seek legal advice for their inquiries, while another's concern was seen as not widely misunderstood. Several letters, including those discussing state aid for private schools, homosexual law reform, and superannuation, were acknowledged but noted to be outside the scope of current discussion due to space constraints. Additionally, technical designs were noted to be advanced enough to eliminate complaints, and a comment regarding a traditional custom suggested that proving nuisance may be challenging. Finally, it was implied that few readers would disagree with a reporter's interpretation of a decision that had been described as incorrect. Overall, the publication's stance on letter submissions highlighted a structured approach towards reader engagement while maintaining a clear boundary for content consideration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690729_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690729.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-13521600
7006,12,09,1969,"Sex-change Woman ‘pregnant’ (Press, 12 September 1969)","On 11 September 1969, Mrs Dawn Langley Hall Simmons, an English writer known for her sex change surgery and marriage to a Black man, announced that she was pregnant. However, a representative from Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, where she underwent her surgery, stated that it was ""definitely impossible"" for her to conceive. The 32-year-old expressed her belief that she was expecting a child in November and mentioned that the delivery would take place in the Mid-West. Witnesses who had seen Mrs Simmons recently noted that she appeared to have gained weight and was wearing maternity attire. She shared her happiness about the pregnancy, noting that she had quietly been living at home and felt fine. Mrs Simmons indicated she had realised her pregnancy several months prior, with the diagnosis being made by a New York doctor, whose name she chose not to reveal. In January, she had married her husband, John Paul Simmons, a mechanic who previously worked as her houseboy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690912_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690912.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-9633600
4390,15,09,1969,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 15 September 1969)","In Wellington, on 14 September 1969, Mr N. Taylor, a lawyer, addressed the annual meeting of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, advocating for legal reforms to extend the same rights to consenting adult homosexuals that are currently afforded to heterosexuals. He argued that failing to pursue equal treatment under the law would imply that the existing prejudices against homosexuality hold some truth. Taylor emphasised the importance of demonstrating that homosexual activity is not harmful to the community, yet expressed concern that irrational beliefs persist among those who oppose reform. He conveyed skepticism about the efficacy of further petitions to Parliament, suggesting instead that reformers focus on fostering a private member's bill to advance legal change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19690915_2_199.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19690915.2.199,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-9374400
4391,25,10,1969,"A Sick Hospital (Press, 25 October 1969)","""Listen to the Silence"" by David W. Elliott Macdonald tells the story of Timmy, a 14-year-old boy who, after a turbulent childhood spent in various foster homes, is deemed severely disturbed and sent to a psychiatric hospital in America. The narrative centres around Timmy's experiences in a facility populated by adult patients suffering from different degrees of mental illness. Throughout the book, Timmy articulates his feelings and the chaotic environment surrounding him, showcasing his sensitivity and command of language. Macdonald's writing is notably poetic, vividly portraying the contrasting perceptions of the hospital's environment. Timmy recalls memories of nature and comfort, while the stark reality of the hospital is filled with the harsh smells of disinfectants and the sounds of distress. The author uses vivid imagery to contrast Timmy's inner world with the bleakness of his surroundings: “Green smells, butterflies, kind voices” versus the screams and sterile whiteness of the institution. The hospital serves approximately 1,500 patients with only 18 doctors to provide care, and this ratio speaks to the casual and underwhelming supervision from staff, particularly male nurses. Timmy suffers from bullying, sadism, and sexual assaults, reflecting the disturbing dynamics within the hospital. The treatment methods depicted are described as primitive, with one doctor leading a group therapy session with authoritarian techniques reminiscent of oppressive labour camps rather than an environment intended for healing. While the book offers a heartfelt insight into the confused thoughts and feelings of an adolescent boy overwhelmed by his circumstances and societal neglect, it also prompts critical reflection on the portrayal of psychiatric institutions. The review expresses concern that Macdonald's representation might lead to a generalised and negative perception of all mental health facilities, suggesting that readers could adopt a skewed attitude towards the treatment of the mentally ill. Although some such hospitals exist, especially in the United States, the reviewer argues that the sensationalism often attached to these narratives overshadows the many mental health facilities that operate effectively and humanely. Overall, ""Listen to the Silence"" serves as an eye-opening account that critiques not only the conditions faced by patients like Timmy but also challenges societal views on psychiatric institutions. The book grapples with serious themes of neglect, suffering, and the complex nature of mental illness, marking it as a poignant yet troubling reflection of its time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691025_2_26_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691025.2.26.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-5918400
7167,24,11,1969,"""Louts And Hoodlums Should Be Sat Upon"" (Press, 24 November 1969)","On 21 November 1969, during an election address in Nelson, R. A. McLennan, the National Party candidate, expressed his dismay at the behaviour of some young people, whom he described as ""louts"" and ""hoodlums."" He condemned their rowdy conduct and perceived negative impact on the image of youth in general, advocating for strong measures to curb this youthful delinquency. McLennan underlined the National Party's commitment to tackling what he viewed as a troubling trend in society. Reflecting on the government's accomplishments while in office, McLennan stated that his candidacy had led him to a deeper understanding of National Party policies, which bolstered his confidence in its leadership as it navigates what he anticipates to be a challenging decade. He praised the expertise of the Prime Minister, Keith Holyoake, and other party leaders like Robert Muldoon and John Marshall, noting that their governance had effectively steered the country through a potentially severe recession with minimal disruption. McLennan urged the public to remain steadfast in supporting the party and not to risk the country's economic future by turning away from successful policies. He addressed criticisms of the Prime Minister's public persona, asserting that despite appearances, Holyoake was a capable leader at the helm of a skilled team. Additionally, he highlighted the establishment of the National Development Council, countering Labour Party criticisms by accusing them of attempting to co-opt the council's recommendations for their own political gain. He asserted that the council's insights were fundamentally linked to National Party initiatives, rejecting Labour's claims as nonsensical. In discussing the National Cabinet, McLennan praised its members for their vast experience and expertise in their respective fields. He specifically mentioned the Minister of Defence, Mr Thomson, as a valuable example of the competent leadership within the ranks. He conveyed the party's strength in attracting talented individuals, claiming that this was one of its primary assets. Moreover, he stated that National's readiness to make tough decisions, even if unpopular, was a crucial factor in fostering public trust in the government's capability to confront future challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691124_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691124.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-3326400
4393,04,12,1969,"Black Prisoners Enslave White (Press, 4 December 1969)","A troubling report has emerged regarding conditions at Camp Pendleton, California, the sole Marine Corps prison on the West Coast. L. Mendel Rivers, chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, released findings from investigators sent to assess allegations of brutality within the facility. This action followed articles from national magazines that raised concerns about the treatment of inmates. The investigation revealed that a group of black prisoners has allegedly taken control over their white counterparts, creating a system described as ""black supremacy."" According to the report cited in the Charleston ""News and Courier,"" the prison currently holds 769 inmates, out of which 119 are black. This minority has reportedly organised itself under leadership comparable to that of the Black Panthers, leading to a dominance that has baffled guards and prompted fear among white inmates. The report detailed severe punishment methods employed in the form of 'kangaroo courts', where white prisoners who resist are often subjected to brutal beatings. Instances of violence have been so extreme that some white inmates have been harmed to the point of death. The situation has driven many to despair, with 25 reported suicide attempts since January 1969. While some attempts involved superficial injuries that appeared to be cries for help regarding the conditions, the overall environment has been described as dire. Additionally, these white inmates, under the threat of violence, have been forced into performing menial labour and have been subjected to sexual assaults. Rivers indicated that the findings of this preliminary report would be expanded upon by a special sub-committee focused on investigating disruptions at military installations. In parallel, the Marine Corps is conducting its investigation into the prison's operations, which has involved placing Major Wilson A. Voight — the officer in charge during the reported brutalities — under legal representation as part of the inquiry. This probe was temporarily halted to allow Voight and his lawyer to review testimonies from the first 100 inmates interviewed. Mr Rivers expressed determination to rectify the situation, stating that if the Marines cannot restore order, external authorities will be brought in to ensure proper management of the prison. The situation calls for urgent attention to ensure the safety and rights of all prisoners within the facility.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691204_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691204.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2462400
6854,04,12,1969,"Fascinating Experiment In “eros Blight” (Press, 4 December 1969)","The premiere of ""Eros Blight,"" written, produced, and performed by local playwright Richard Brooke, took place from December 3 to 6, 1969, at the Canterbury Society of Arts Gallery. The production offered a compelling experience for adventurous theatre-goers, although its quality seemed reliant on the support of The Group and new talents, which helped avoid any descent into pretentiousness. The performance, lasting around an hour and a half without an intermission, was divided into two distinct sections. The first part featured a transvestite character played by John Bach, drawing parallels to the flamboyant character from Lanford Wilson’s ""Madness of Lady Bright."" This section lacked a clear resolution but gained depth with the introduction of a family group, adding significance to the central symbol of a crimson cross. The imagery escalated towards the end, culminating in a striking visual of a grotesque red slide, which foreshadowed a poignant moment involving the painted cross and a suffering character. The dialogue in ""Eros Blight"" was inconsistent, exhibiting both weak and strong moments. Some lines, such as “You are in the presence of divine!” and “Oh, you speak in riddles, dear,” felt contrived, while other exchanges seamlessly integrated poetic elements. The script benefited from more conversational tones, steering away from overbearing poetic styles. The use of projected photographs and a short film of the transvestite in public added a layer of humour and creativity, further enhancing the production. Additionally, the lighting design effectively created contrasts with the vivid costuming, adding a stark visual quality to the piece. The soundtrack featured a mix of electronic music, pop vocals, and jazz, creating an engaging auditory backdrop. The titles of the two parts, ""Men without men"" and ""The queer passion,"" suggested a thematic depth that resonated with the predominantly female audience, although one attempt at audience engagement fell flat. Despite some reservations and uncertainties regarding the overall execution, Richard Brooke was praised for his ambitious effort and the innovative spirit he brought to local theatre, offering a fresh experiment that could potentially broaden the horizons of the Canterbury arts scene.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691204_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691204.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2462400
7007,09,12,1969,"‘Black Comedy’ In Dunedin Next (Press, 9 December 1969)","The Southern Theatre Trust's Playhouse in Dunedin is set to present a Christmas-New Year offering featuring two one-act plays. The first play is “Black Comedy,” written by English playwright Peter Shaffer, known for its humorous take on serious themes. The plot revolves around several characters, including an aspiring sculptor named Brindsley, played by former Christchurch actor Bryan Aitken. Brindsley is a bumbling young artist who hopes to achieve wealth and win the heart of his debutante girlfriend, portrayed by Heather Eggleton, another established Christchurch actress. Aitken has recently returned from performing in Great Britain, while Eggleton's experience includes being the first actress with a permanent contract at Downstage Theatre in Wellington. The second part of the double bill is “The Resounding Tinkle,” which is a one-act comedy that also received commendation and was later expanded into a full-length play. This comedic piece features three characters, including Mr and Mrs Parradoc and Uncle Ted, who intriguingly transforms into a beautiful young girl after undergoing a sex change. This character's arrival at the Parradoc's entails a rushed journey, leaving little time for anything other than a brief reading session before embarking on a lengthy train journey home. The cast for this play includes local talents Shirley Kelly and Burt Nisbet, along with Dalvern Thom from Australia. The theatre season opens on 17 December 1969 and will continue until 31 December, excluding performances on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691209_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691209.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-2030400
7863,10,12,1969,"Photographs Ruled Not Indecent (Press, 10 December 1969)","On 9 December 1969, the Upper Hutt Magistrate’s Court, presided over by Mr W. McAlevay, issued a reserved decision regarding the case against Harry Tetlow, 51, who faced charges of selling and possessing indecent photographs. The case was brought to court after a complaint from Patricia Bartlett, a 41-year-old schoolteacher, who had purchased photographs through an advertisement in the magazine ""Informer."" The advertisement offered “exclusive figure studies” at a price of $5 per set, leading Bartlett to receive 12 photographs featuring unclad and semi-clad females. In his ruling, Mr McAlevay determined that the photographs in question were not indecent. He noted that 11 of the photographs were acknowledged not to be indecent, and he concluded that the twelfth photograph also did not meet the criteria for indecency defined under the Indecent Publications Act. He explained that indecency entails depictions of sex, horror, crime, cruelty, or violence that are injurious to the public good. He added that the contested photograph was a straightforward depiction of a nude female who was not posing suggestively. During the proceedings, the notion of living in a “permissive society” was raised. Mr McAlevay dismissed this idea as meaningless and potentially dangerous, asserting that it should not imply that courts should allow immoral conduct, especially concerning the protection of children raised in contemporary society. Although he acknowledged that some of Tetlow’s photographs could be considered indecent, he indicated that the evidence presented was insufficient to convincingly demonstrate that these were for sale. Consequently, he lifted interim orders that had previously kept both Tetlow's and Bartlett's names confidential, and he declined the request for the destruction of the photographs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691210_2_224.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691210.2.224,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1944000
4392,16,12,1969,"To Birch Or Not To Birch Efforts Of Judicial... (Press, 16 December 1969)","On 16 December 1969, the debate over the reintroduction of judicial corporal punishment, specifically birching and flogging, has gained prominence amid rising concerns about vandalism and violent behaviour. While some supporters of corporal punishment express frustration with the current state of crime and advocate for immediate action, their views vary widely in terms of rationality and emotion. The article discusses both informed supporters and more extreme proponents who erroneously believe that violence can be solved through similar forms of punishment. The piece presents a questionnaire intended to gauge public understanding of judicial corporal punishment. It raises several critical questions about the practice, its administration, its effects, and expert opinions on its efficacy. For instance, it queries whether individuals are aware of how such punishment is administered and whether they have engaged with serious, impartial studies on the subject, such as the Cadogan and Barry Reports from the United Kingdom. These commissions, upon thorough investigation, concluded that reintroducing corporal punishment was unjustifiable; it does not serve as a deterrent and can lead to worsening behaviours among offenders. One focus of the article is the administration process of judicial corporal punishment, emphasizing that it involves restraining the offender and administering strokes with the presence of a medical professional. Despite any perceived authority of the punishment, the New Zealand Prison Officers’ Association has voiced its opposition to the method, claiming it to be ineffective and dehumanising for both the punisher and the punished. Moreover, the discussion highlights that corporal punishment tends to be supported by those expressing retributive justice without a comprehensive view of its real-life consequences. It points out that many offenders who received such punishment continued to reoffend, suggesting that corporal punishment does not effectively deter crime. Specifically, data indicates that those who had experienced flogging or birching had higher rates of subsequent criminal activity compared to non-punished individuals. Questions regarding sexual offences reveal a consensus among experts that corporal punishment would not be appropriate, as it might even gratify certain offenders psychologically. With respect to deterrent value, the evident absence of a measurable impact on crime rates following the abolition of corporal punishment is discussed. Various statistics illustrate that the fears surrounding a possible increase in crime following the abolishment have proven unfounded. The article ultimately questions whether society desires punishment or rehabilitation for offenders. It asserts that punishment often counteracts rehabilitation efforts, leading to higher recidivism rates. The solution, according to the article, does not lie in punitive measures but rather in addressing the underlying sociological issues that lead to criminal behaviour. The next article in the series is set to explore available facilities for rehabilitation and the broader societal structures contributing to these problems.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691216_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691216.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1425600
4394,20,12,1969,"“Such An Infernal Liar” (Press, 20 December 1969)","""The Secret Lives of Lawrence of Arabia,"" authored by Phillip Knightley and Colin Simpson, offers a deep dive into the complex persona of T. E. Lawrence, a figure historically shrouded in mystery. The authors build upon earlier narratives, providing fresh insights while not shying away from conjecture. However, the book presents a certain deflationary view of Lawrence, highlighting his propensity to lie about his exploits, which ultimately complicates his legacy as a heroic figure in history. The critique begins with an acknowledgment of Lawrence's remarkable accomplishments intertwined with his deceptive tendencies. Lawrence’s life was marked by contradictions, stemming significantly from his troubled family background; his parents were unmarried, and his father’s abandonment left a mark on his identity. The narrative navigates through Lawrence's complex relationship with truth, suggesting he was not only a capable leader but also a manipulative figure who saw value in fabricating aspects of his life. The authors portray Lawrence more as a diplomat and intelligence officer than merely a guerilla leader, detailing how he navigated and interpreted British and Arab policies during World War I. By delving into Foreign Office reports, new context is provided regarding his motivations and actions, especially highlighting his disdain for the French. In addition to his public persona, the book explores Lawrence's private life and sexual orientation. Although it is suggested that he was likely homosexual, this aspect of his identity remains unproven in absolute terms. His long-standing affection for an Arab boy named ""Dahoum"" hints at depths in Lawrence's character, suggesting emotional complexities following his wartime experiences. The authors also touch on Lawrence's personal relationships, particularly with a man named Bruce, who provided support and companionship, suggesting a strong bond beyond mere physical affinity. This relationship, alongside Lawrence’s penchant for anonymity and disguise, shapes a portrait of a man who relished the duality of his existence. His time in the military wraps him in layers of personal myth-making, from writing letters privately to commanding officers to engaging in risky behaviours with peers. Lawrence's later years reflect his involvement in technological advancement, particularly in high-speed rescue craft, yet his low service status calls into question the efficacy and legacy of his contributions. Ultimately, the book assesses Lawrence’s life as one marked by genius yet fraught with the turmoil of deception and the struggle for identity. His literary work, especially ""The Seven Pillars of Wisdom,"" may serve as his primary legacy, symbolising both the brilliance and the tormented essence of an enigmatic figure who can be appreciated but never entirely understood. Thus, the narrative illustrates that while the myth of Lawrence persists, deciphering truth from the layers of his life remains a challenging endeavour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691220_2_36_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691220.2.36.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-1080000
6855,31,12,1969,"Man On $500 False Pretences Charge (Press, 31 December 1969)","On 29 December 1969, in Wellington, a 39-year-old man identified as Tamati Wana Pohatu, who also went by the name Thomas Edward Stone and was described by police as a transvestite, appeared in the Magistrate’s Court charged with false pretences. Pohatu pleaded guilty to a charge related to obtaining $500 under false pretenses between 9 November and 4 December. He falsely claimed to be pregnant and stated that the money was necessary for a medical procedure to ensure the normal birth of a child. The case arose after Pohatu met a complainant at the Purple Onion striptease club on 8 November, while dressed in women's clothing. Following their meeting, the complainant invited Pohatu to stay with him at his home, where they lived together for about a week. During this time, Pohatu told the complainant that he was pregnant and needed $500 for an operation, suggesting that without it, he would be unable to give birth, or the child would be stillborn or deformed. The complainant felt obliged to give Pohatu the money, believing it was for a legitimate medical need. However, the prosecutor clarified that Pohatu, being a man, could not possibly conceive a child. Instead of using the money for a medical procedure, Pohatu reportedly spent it on surgery to enlarge his bust. Magistrate R. D. Jamieson noted that there was no objection to bail from the prosecutor and pointed out that remanding Pohatu in custody would raise complications. Pohatu was subsequently remanded on bail of $200, with sentencing scheduled for 21 January 1970.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19691231_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19691231.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,-129600
4395,08,01,1970,"Revolution In Men’s Fashions (Press, 8 January 1970)","In Christchurch, a significant shift in male fashion is taking place, influenced by what has been termed the “peacock revolution.” This movement is characterised by a departure from traditional, conservative men’s attire towards more flamboyant and self-expressive clothing, reflecting a growing trend among young men under 25. The change transcends age, with older generations also showing interest in bolder styles, indicating a broader liberation of male vanity. The evolution of men’s fashion in New Zealand has seen an increase in vivid colours and playful styles. This transformation has roots in the influential Parisian designer Pierre Cardin, who sought to revamp male attire, feeling uninspired by the conventional male image. His innovative designs included Indian sari-silk lounging pyjamas and paisley silk slippers, becoming popular with the help of pop groups like The Beatles and The Rolling Stones, who helped make items such as flowery neckties fashionable. In Christchurch, Mrs Alma Church, a grandmother who manages the men’s boutique “His Lordship’s Bazaar,” champions this change. With her extensive experience in the fashion industry, she asserts that the evolving men’s styles deserve appreciation beyond the label of being merely extravagant or silly. Mrs Church emphasises that modern men are now open to exploring fashion choices that allow them to express themselves. She remarks on the value of well-dressed men, noting that women appreciate men who also take care in their appearance. Her team member, Mr John Webb, reflects that the clientele is diverse, with older men purchasing bold shirts for various occasions, challenging stereotypes about who engages with new fashion trends. Sales in the boutique reveal a strong interest from not only young men but also women, who are buying unisex and extravagant items, including nightshirts often gifted by female family members. According to Mr Barry Ward, manager of another fashion retailer called “The Vault,” there is a growing acceptance of brightly coloured shirts paired creatively with ties, moving away from the traditional turtle-neck formal shirts. The styles feature ruffles, floral designs, and are often accompanied by flared trousers and colourful accessories. Three-piece suits are gaining popularity, priced affordably within a range that allows for experimentation with colours and patterns. Overall, the changing landscape of men’s fashion in Christchurch signifies a move towards greater individual expression and an embracing of vibrant styles. With women traditionally putting effort into their appearance, the idea of men reciprocating this effort through their clothing choices is gaining traction, fostering a more equal approach to fashion between genders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700108_2_20_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700108.2.20.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561600
7419,16,01,1970,"Pollination By Unusual Ways (Press, 16 January 1970)","The article discusses the unique pollination methods of orchids belonging to the sub-tribe Catasetinae, which includes three genera: Catasetum, Mennodes, and Cynoches. This sub-tribe is distinctive within the orchid family because its male and female flowers typically grow on separate plants, differing from the more common bisexual orchids. There are a total of 117 species in this sub-tribe, each capable of producing either male or female flowers depending on their growth conditions. It has been observed that orchids growing in full sunlight with adequate moisture tend to develop into robust plants that produce female flowers. Conversely, if these conditions are less than optimal, the plants will be smaller and produce male flowers. Moreover, these orchids can exhibit flexibility in their flowering; a plant might produce male flowers one year and switch to female or even a mix of flower types the following year. In their natural habitats in the tropical regions of Central and South America, a high ratio of male to female flowers is noted, primarily due to the dense jungle environments. Male flowers are transient, lasting only about five days, and emit a strong scent reminiscent of clove oil a couple of days after blooming. In contrast, female flowers can remain viable for up to six weeks if they are not fertilised. Pollination is primarily accomplished by bees attracted to the flowers by their fragrance. To access the nectar, bees need to scratch the surface of the flower's lip. This nectar seems to have an intoxicating effect, prompting bees to revisit the same bloom multiple times. During their visits, as the bees navigate into the flower, they brush against a sensitive organ that triggers the explosive release of pollen, which then attaches to their bodies. If a flower does not receive a visit from a bee within a day or two of releasing its scent, it can eject its pollen automatically. The transfer of pollen to female flowers occurs through a similar process. When a bee is attracted to the scent of a female flower, it re-enters the bloom, seeking nectar. In the process of exiting, it backs out, which facilitates the transfer of pollen from the bee's body to the stigma, effectively completing the pollination cycle.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700116_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700116.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,1252800
4396,21,01,1970,"Teen-agers On Murder Charge (Press, 21 January 1970)","In a shocking case presented at the Old Bailey in London, a group of teenagers were accused of murdering a 29-year-old clerk, Michael de Bruchy, during what was described as a ""queer bashing"" incident. The prosecution detailed how de Bruchy was brutally bludgeoned to death with wooden objects while walking in a park, with the attackers believing him to be homosexual. This brutal attack was portrayed as a hate crime, with the prosecuting counsel stating that de Bruchy’s only ""offence"" was his perceived sexual orientation. Four youths, aged between 15 and 18, pleaded not guilty to the charge of murder. Additionally, eight others were implicated in the case, charged with conspiracy to assault; five of them admitted guilt in their involvement. The case highlights the serious nature of violence motivated by sexual orientation and raises concerns about societal attitudes towards homosexuality at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700121_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700121.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,1684800
4397,27,01,1970,"The New Theatre-i Some Changes Wanted (Press, 27 January 1970)","Yvette Bromley, a producer from Christchurch, reflects on her recent world theatre tour in a piece published on 27 January 1970. Her journey spanned the United States, Britain, and Europe, where she sought new plays and innovative ideas for production in New Zealand. A central concern for Bromley was how much permissiveness would be allowed on the amateur stage in her home country. During her tour, she noted that the relaxation of censorship benefitted certain productions, as plays like ""Boys In The Band,"" ""Edward II,"" ""The Bandwaggon,"" and ""Troilus and Cressida"" thrived under greater freedom of expression. However, she found that other acclaimed works such as ""Conduct Unbecoming,"" ""Arturo Ui,"" and ""Winter's Tale"" did not require such permissive standards to be appreciated by audiences. This led her to conclude that while tact and common sense would limit the performance of some plays, there remained a wealth of contemporary works suitable for production without pushing the boundaries too far. Bromley underscored the need for practical reforms beyond artistic considerations. She proposed heating theatre venues in winter, improving audience comfort by allowing patrons to enjoy performances without heavy winter clothing. Additionally, she suggested providing coffee and sandwiches at shows, scheduling late matinees, and shifting performance times to accommodate audiences more effectively. She believed these steps could help increase attendance, which has been a challenge in Christchurch. An observation Bromley made since her previous tour in 1964 was the overall enhancement in acting quality, shifting the focus from star names to the play itself and the acting prowess displayed. She highlighted the importance of pace, wit, and topicality within performances. She noted a significant trend where multiple plays, such as ""The Bandwaggon"" that tackled themes like the fertility pill, captured the interest of audiences through their humorous and bold presentations. Bromley was particularly moved by ""The Boys In The Band,"" which exhibited a compelling blend of comedy and tragedy. She also mentioned ""Enemy,"" reflecting on its frank exploration of relationships among men during wartime. However, she expressed disappointment over ""Hair,"" a production that, while widely successful, failed to resonate with her due to its perceived excess in nudity. Although she chose not to engage with the production ""Oh! Calcutta!"" due to its portrayal of explicit content, she acknowledged the necessity for theatre to embrace modern and honest artistic expressions. In summary, Bromley calls for a shift in Christchurch's theatre landscape towards more openness, encouraging the public to engage with contemporary works and embrace the theatre as a means to explore new ideas and perspectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700127_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700127.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,2203200
4398,06,02,1970,"Youths Guilty Of Murder (Press, 6 February 1970)","On 5 February 1970, a group of four youths aged between 15 and 18 were found guilty of murder in a London court. The jury's decision came after a hearing that detailed the gang's brutal attack on a man they mistakenly believed to be homosexual. The incident occurred in September 1969 on Wimbledon Common, a known gathering place for homosexuals. The group, which included two girls, had set out with the intent to target homosexuals. They ambushed Mr Michael Basil de Gruchy, attacking him with sticks and repeatedly kicking him. The prosecution highlighted that Mr de Gruchy had not committed any crime other than being perceived as homosexual by the gang. He succumbed to his injuries in hospital following the vicious assault. The court proceedings also revealed that other members of the gang, totalling 12 individuals, were found guilty of charges related to assault and possession of offensive weapons. The judge indicated that sentencing for the youths would take place later in the week, following the courtroom's proceedings. This case sheds light on the issues of violence against the LGBTQ+ community during that era, reflecting societal attitudes and the severe repercussions that followed acts of hate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700206_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700206.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,3067200
4399,09,02,1970,"London Murder (Press, 9 February 1970)","On 8 February 1970, four youths aged 15 to 18 were sentenced for the murder of Michael de Grunchy, a 28-year-old solicitor’s clerk, after a brutal assault on London’s Wimbledon Common. The attack was motivated by the youths' belief that de Grunchy was homosexual, leading to what was described as a ""queerbashing expedition."" During the assault, the group, armed with sticks and accompanied by two 15-year-old girls, lay in wait for passers-by before they targeted de Grunchy, beating and kicking him severely. De Grunchy sustained serious head wounds and ultimately died in hospital from his injuries. The prosecution highlighted that de Grunchy's only ""crime"" was an unfounded assumption about his sexual orientation. In court, the youths showed no emotional response as they were sentenced, with the eldest receiving a life sentence while the others were given indefinite detention. Despite their actions leading to a fatality, the youths pleaded not guilty to the murder charge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700209_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700209.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,3326400
4400,19,02,1970,"Magistrates Court Man Sentenced To Year’s Gaol For... (Press, 19 February 1970)","In the Magistrates Court on 18 February 1970, Brian Puarakau Harrison, a 33-year-old truck driver with a long criminal history dating back 20 years, was sentenced to one year in prison for the burglary of Kokatahi Stores in Westland on 22 January. Harrison had 43 previous convictions, primarily for property crimes, and his lawyer argued that Harrison might be at risk of becoming institutionalised due to his extensive incarceration. He pleaded guilty to the charges, having previously denied his offences. The Magistrate, Mr. P. L. Molineaux, cited the need to protect the public, stating that Harrison had shown a blatant disregard for previous leniencies offered by the court. Also sentenced was Walter William James Beech, 36, who received a nine-month prison term for multiple charges, including false pretences and theft. Beech had committed some offences while on bail and had a significant history of alcohol-related issues. His offences totaled a mere $15.92, but the Magistrate expressed concern over Beech's treatment and past probation measures being ineffective. Seventeen-year-old Benjamin Richard Kora was sentenced to three months’ imprisonment for being a rogue and a vagabond, with multiple previous convictions on record. He had been found on private premises late at night, leading to fear among the residents. Judith Glennis Tout, a 25-year-old unemployed woman, faced multiple charges for writing bad cheques amounting to $133.40 and was remanded for a probation report before being sentenced on 4 March. Maurice Claude Busch, 55, was fined $90 and disqualified from driving for 18 months after being found guilty of operating a vehicle with excessive alcohol in his system. Michael Buchanan, 21, was fined for an assault that occurred after a dispute over a taxi fare. George Leonard Jury, 23, was discharged after pleading guilty to failing to attend mandatory military camp due to personal issues. Gordon Frederick Hinga, 18, was remanded in custody after pleading guilty to multiple traffic violations and had a history of driving while disqualified. The Magistrate showed concern regarding Hinga's blatant disregard for the law. Various lesser traffic offences were dealt with, imposing fines that were generally accompanied by cost orders. Penalties were applied in cases of speeding, driving without a valid licence, and other road safety infractions. In civil cases, numerous judgment summons were concluded with payment orders, indicating a bright array of debts owed by various individuals to businesses and entities, ranging from minor amounts to significant sums. Overall, the court heard a range of cases, reflecting ongoing issues with crime, particularly related to property and alcohol misuse, while illustrating the challenges posed by recidivism in repeat offenders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700219_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700219.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,4190400
4401,18,03,1970,"Man Pleads Guilty To Stabbing Charge (Press, 18 March 1970)","On 17 March 1970, it was reported that a young man, whose identity was kept confidential, pleaded guilty in the Auckland Magistrate's Court to a charge of injuring another person with the intent to cause grievous bodily harm. He was remanded in custody until 24 March for sentencing. During the court proceedings, Detective Sergeant B. J. Cameron recounted the events leading to the charge. On 3 January 1970, at approximately 1:15 a.m., the victim was using the male toilets at the intersection of Pitt Street and Beresford Street. As he was ascending the steps back to the street, the accused ran towards him. The accused brandished a knife and lunged at the victim, which resulted in a struggle during which the knife was pushed into the victim's side. The victim managed to escape up the steps into Pitt Street, with the accused in pursuit. A taxi driver intervened and assisted the victim in getting away from the accused. Following the incident, the accused approached a police officer and handed over the knife, confessing that he had attempted to kill a man. Upon being interviewed by the police, the accused expressed that he believed the victim was a homosexual and alleged that the victim had been following him. The accused’s legal representative, Mr B. K. Shenkin, stated in court that the accused had a long-standing fear of homosexuals dating back to his youth. The case highlights issues surrounding violence and personal safety, as well as the prejudices that may contribute to such violent altercations. The court's decision on sentencing will take place later in March.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700318_2_210.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700318.2.210,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,6523200
4402,18,04,1970,"Homosexual Pair (Press, 18 April 1970)","On 17 April 1970, church leaders in Sydney unanimously dismissed a proposal for a marriage service for homosexual men and women, labelling it as “surprising” and “absurd.” The suggestion was made by Professor R. G. Tanner, a classics professor at the University of Newcastle, during a discussion at the New South Wales Provincial Synod of the Anglican Church. Tanner urged the synod to explore the potential for the church to bless unions between same-sex couples and to consider recognition for certain premarital relationships. In response, Anglican Bishop Graham Delbridge from Wollongong found the proposal puzzling and firmly stated that the church could not endorse trial marriages or services for homosexual individuals. He expressed concern that such recognitions would lead to significant psychological and sociological issues. The rejection of the suggestion reflects the church's traditional stance on marriage and relationships at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700418_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700418.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,9201600
4403,22,04,1970,"Campaign On Theatre Sex (Press, 22 April 1970)","In April 1970, a Lower Hutt schoolteacher, Miss Patricia Bartlett, launched a campaign aimed at combating the perceived exploitation of sexuality in theatre productions. She is gathering signatures for a petition that calls for a clearer definition of indecency within both the Crimes Act and the Cinematograph Act. This definition would specifically encompass the depiction of breasts and include homosexual and lesbian love scenes. Miss Bartlett plans to have the petition presented to Parliament by her local Member of Parliament, Mr T.J. Young. Miss Bartlett expressed her concern regarding the rising levels of nudity and sexual content in films and theatrical performances, stating that individuals are profiting from these displays. She highlighted the examples of controversial shows like ""Oh! Calcutta!"" and ""Hair,"" which she fears could be publicly performed in New Zealand for extended periods without facing any legal repercussions. She believes that such performances could influence audiences to accept these behaviours as normal or legitimate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700422_2_20_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700422.2.20.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,9547200
4404,22,04,1970,"Dismissal Of Homosexuals (Press, 22 April 1970)","On 21 April 1970, the United States Supreme Court decided not to review a case concerning the dismissal of a homosexual employee by the Government. The case raised issues regarding the government's authority to terminate employees based on their sexual orientation, particularly focusing on the argument that the employee's homosexual activities during off-duty hours negatively impacted the efficiency of public service. The assertion was made that the employee's relationships led to his colleagues being unwilling to work with him. While the Government provided a brief stating that the employee had access to sensitive classified information, they did not claim that this made him susceptible to blackmail. The Supreme Court's refusal to hear the case leaves the lower court's ruling intact and indicates a reluctance to engage in this pivotal issue surrounding employment rights and the treatment of homosexual individuals within government positions. The decision has significant implications for workplace policies regarding sexual orientation and could set a precedent for how similar cases are handled in the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700422_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700422.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,9547200
4405,24,04,1970,"Supreme Court Youth Charged With Wounding With... (Press, 24 April 1970)","In a trial that is part of a series of knife-related cases before the Supreme Court, 17-year-old Michael John Hamilton has been charged with wounding Stanley William Duggan with intent to cause grievous bodily harm, and with threatening Mr Duggan for his gold watch on December 26, 1969. The proceedings, held on 23 April 1970, reveal a troubling incident that occurred when Mr Duggan, a 41-year-old Post Office telephonist, was returning home from a Christmas gathering. As Mr Duggan sought refuge from heavy rain on Gloucester Street, he encountered Hamilton and invited him to his flat for drinks. During their time together, Hamilton allegedly turned from cordial to menacing, brandishing a bread knife and demanding Mr Duggan's $76 watch. Despite Mr Duggan's refusal and attempts to put the watch away, Hamilton forced him to lie down, threatened him again, and then inflicted multiple stab wounds on his chest and abdomen. The injuries were described by Dr G. C. Archibald as slit-like lacerations, capable of being caused by the bread knife presented as evidence. Hamilton’s defence argued that he had acted in self-defence after Mr Duggan allegedly threatened him first. Constable B. E. Gausel, who encountered Hamilton later that night, testified that Hamilton claimed he had been attacked and had grabbed the knife from Duggan, resulting in his own injury. Mr Duggan, who was gravely injured, managed to call for help after losing consciousness, and his testimony indicated a state of fear and confusion during the assault. The courtroom noted a significant lack of memory from Mr Duggan regarding the attack, indicating the trauma he experienced. He acknowledged that factors such as fatigue and liquor could have contributed to his diminished recollection of events leading up to the stabbing. The interaction included various assertions about sexual undertones, which Mr Duggan denied while under cross-examination. Forensic evidence presented included bloody clothing found at the scene and a serrated-edged bread knife. Detective Sergeant R. G. McMeeking recounted Hamilton's version of events during a police interview, in which Hamilton suggested he thought Duggan might be homosexual and had tried on one of Duggan’s suits before the incident escalated. Hamilton admitted to losing his temper but insisted he did not fully grasp his actions at the time. As the trial progresses, it has garnered attention due to its serious implications regarding youth violence and the events that transpired during the festive season. The defence case is expected to commence, presenting Hamilton's side of the story and further examining the nature of his relationship with the victim prior to the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700424_2_174.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700424.2.174,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,9720000
4406,27,04,1970,"Magistrate’s Court Charge Of Dangerous Driving... (Press, 27 April 1970)","On 27 April 1970, the Magistrate’s Court in Christchurch dismissed a charge of dangerous driving against lan William McGregor, stemming from a fatal accident that occurred on Blenheim Road on 3 November 1969. The incident resulted in the deaths of two individuals. McGregor, a 30-year-old motor mechanic, pleaded not guilty to allegedly driving at a speed that could endanger others. Witness Grant Douglas Archer, 19, stated that he was driving towards the city when he noticed McGregor's black Jaguar accelerating alongside a hot-rod. After looking away, Archer saw a cloud of smoke, indicating a collision had occurred. Constable G. F. Kerr recounted that upon interviewing McGregor at the accident scene, he claimed his speed was 55 to 60 miles per hour despite his speedometer being inoperative. McGregor stated he had to evade a truck that turned directly into his path, resulting in a collision with the truck and a subsequent crash into a lamp post. Constable T. W. Roswell noted that the truck driver later died, while the hot-rod driver sustained serious injuries. The evidence regarding the speeds of the vehicles involved was deemed inconclusive. Consequently, the magistrate concluded that the prosecution had not sufficiently established McGregor's guilt, prompting the dismissal of the charge. In separate cases heard on the same day, John Stuart Weir Pegg, 53, received a two-year prison sentence for multiple charges of indecent assault against boys and men, marking his fifth appearance in court on sexual offences over 24 years. George Norman Reeves, 21, was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment for unlawfully taking a Mercedes Benz truck valued at $15,900, highlighting a long history of defiance against the law, with 61 prior convictions. Alfred Rickard Mayne, 32, was fined $50 for assault at the Cave Rock Hotel after he poured beer over a known complainant. Similarly, Kevin Maurice Busch, 20, was fined $25 for behaving disorderly in the Lancaster Park Hotel. Allan Adam Ormsby, 22, was fined $40 after being found asleep in a vacant house, admitting wrongdoing. Gary McDonald, 23, was fined $20 for using obscene language in Cathedral Square. In a case concerning George Malcolm, 30, he was fined $30 for assaulting his wife during an argument after a party, with their long-standing separation mentioned. Basil Duncan Gowan, 46, was remanded in custody on fraud charges. Lastly, a 17-year-old youth was discharged without conviction for a charge of using obscene language, with the magistrate deeming the penalty disproportionate to the offence. Miscellaneous fines were also imposed for various infractions, including careless use of a vehicle and failing to notify the Army of a change of address, with convictions resulting in fines ranging from $6 to $25. Traffic cases involved fines for careless driving and exceeding speed limits.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700427_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700427.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,9979200
4407,27,04,1970,"Supreme Court Youth Found Guilty Of Wounding With... (Press, 27 April 1970)","In the Supreme Court on 27 April 1970, 18-year-old Michael John Hamilton was found guilty of wounding with intent to do grievous bodily harm to Stanley William Duggan, a 41-year-old telephonist. The jury deliberated for one hour before reaching their verdict. Hamilton was acquitted of a separate charge of demanding with menaces related to an alleged theft of Duggan's gold watch, valued at $76. The incident occurred in the early hours of 26 December 1969, following a chance meeting between the two men on the street. According to the Crown's case, Hamilton attacked Duggan after allegedly demanding his watch. However, during the trial, Hamilton claimed that he had been provoked by Duggan’s homosexual suggestions and that Duggan had drawn a knife on him. The Crown Prosecutor, Mr W. S. Smith, dismissed Hamilton's account as a fabrication designed to discredit Duggan's character. He urged the jury to consider whether the claimed provocation could justify Hamilton's violent response. In his defence, Hamilton described how he and Duggan conversed following his invitation to Duggan's flat for a drink. He explained that while at the flat, Duggan had made suggestive comments and mentioned bisexuality, which made Hamilton uncomfortable. Eventually, Hamilton claimed that he noticed Duggan holding a knife and feeling threatened, subsequently grabbing the knife from Duggan, which resulted in a cut to his hand. In the ensuing struggle, Hamilton admitted to hitting Duggan several times after feeling the need to ""get the obstacle"" out of his way. During cross-examination, Hamilton maintained that he had no intention to injure Duggan and denied any demands for his watch or clothes. His lawyer, Mr M. G. L. Loughnan, argued that Hamilton was merely defending himself against an aggressive advance from Duggan, a man much older than him. Loughnan further claimed that the evidence presented by the Crown witnesses supported Hamilton's version of events. In the judge's summation to the jury, he highlighted that a defence of self-defence requires a genuine belief of imminent danger and that Hamilton's excessive force after disarming Duggan raised questions about the necessity of his actions. The judge emphasised that the law requires the force used by an accused to be proportionate to that which is threatened. Hamilton was remanded for sentencing, scheduled for 1 May 1970. The case highlights the complexities of self-defence claims and the varying interpretations of provocation in cases of violent altercation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700427_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700427.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,9979200
4408,02,05,1970,"Supreme Court Youth Sent To Borstal On Wounding... (Press, 2 May 1970)","On 1 May 1970, Michael John Hamilton, a 17-year-old labourer, was sentenced to Borstal training by Mr Justice Wilson in the Supreme Court after being found guilty of wounding Stanley William Duggan, aged 41, with intent to cause grievous bodily harm. This marked the second youth sentencing for a knife assault in just one week, prompting the judge to emphasise the need to curtail such violence. Hamilton had stabbed Duggan four times in a brutal attack that could have been fatal, according to the judge. The jury determined that Hamilton acted with intent, contrasting with an earlier case where another youth had inadvertently wounded someone. During the sentencing, Mr Justice Wilson acknowledged that while he did not believe there were any homosexual suggestions involved in the incident, he felt something had provoked Hamilton to lose control. He indicated that had he not sensed a mitigating circumstance, he would have imposed a longer prison sentence. Hamilton's lawyer, Mr M. G. L. Loughnan, argued that his client had faced a string of personal difficulties, had been drinking prior to the incident but had remained sober since, and demonstrated improved behaviour over the past year. He highlighted that the jury found no intent to rob Duggan, suggesting that Hamilton had acted out of instinct rather than rational thought, given the pressures he experienced, including an alleged homosexual proposition. The judge challenged the argument for leniency, pointing to Hamilton's previous breaches of probation and disqualification from driving. Ultimately, he deemed that a detention at Borstal was the appropriate response for such violent behaviour. In a separate case, Edward Laurence Barkle, aged 31, received a two-year prison sentence for multiple charges, including false pretences and theft, occurring over June in Christchurch, Auckland, and Wellington. His Honour noted that Barkle had previously been ordered for sentencing that would be reconsidered within a year, with indications that he had undergone treatment for alcoholism. However, upon re-evaluation, it was found that he had been discharged from treatment, which led to the imposition of a two-year maximum sentence due to a pattern of reoffending and a pre-existing criminal record. In summary, the court's emphasis was on addressing violent behaviour in youth, evidenced by the sentencing of Hamilton for a vicious assault, while also handling repeat offences by Barkle, highlighting a broader concern regarding crime management and rehabilitation in New Zealand's judicial system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700502_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700502.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,10411200
4409,09,05,1970,"Magistrate’s Court “unprecedented” Defence Fails... (Press, 9 May 1970)","On 9 May 1970, the Christchurch Magistrate’s Court delivered a significant ruling regarding two men charged with homosexuality, marking what has been described as an unprecedented case in New Zealand. The defendants, whose identities were kept confidential, faced charges stemming from an incident on 20 March in Lyttelton, where one defendant, Mr G. R. Lascelles, was accused of performing an indecent act on the second defendant, Mr M. J. Glue. Lascelles was convicted and fined NZ$50, while Glue was discharged without conviction. Both men pleaded not guilty to the charges. Their defence revolved around unusual circumstances, with Glue arguing that he identified psychologically as female, despite being anatomically male. He called for leniency, asserting that the case showcased the inadequacies of the law in adapting to contemporary social realities. Lascelles supported this viewpoint, contending that the legal implications provided a peculiar and unfair scenario. The police became aware of the incident during a routine inquiry that led them to enter the defendants' home, where the alleged act took place. During the proceedings, the magistrate, Mr H. J. Evans, commented on the uniqueness of the defence presented, noting that it raised significant questions about the interpretation of sex and gender within the legal framework. A general practitioner testified that the second defendant was male, corroborating his anatomical characteristics while also acknowledging his pronounced femininity. This testimony led the magistrate to schedule further examinations by two specialists to assess Glue's psychological and physiological identity. The results from the specialists confirmed that while Glue was genetically male, his psychological disposition was female, leading to the conclusion that he could effectively live as a woman in society. The magistrate reflected on the complexities and implications of the defendants' sexual identities within the context of the law. He ultimately affirmed that both men had committed indecent acts towards each other but argued that their circumstances were reflective of deeper human issues rather than straightforward criminal behaviour. Mr Evans acknowledged the profound challenges posed by the legal definitions of gender and sexuality, describing Glue as “deviant, not criminal,” and decided to exercise discretion by allowing him a discharge from the legal proceedings without a conviction. This case not only highlighted the evolving understanding of sexual identity and orientation in New Zealand’s legal system but also set a precedent for future discussions around gender and the law. The magistrate's ruling underscored the necessity for the legal framework to evolve alongside societal changes relating to gender identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700509_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700509.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,11016000
4410,18,05,1970,"Church Blessing Of Homosexuals Urged (Press, 18 May 1970)","On 17 May 1970 in Auckland, Rev. M. C. Russell, vicar of St Matthew’s, sparked conversation regarding the acceptance of homosexual relationships within Christian congregations. Speaking at a Homosexual Law Reform Society seminar, he argued that the relationship between two homosexuals who share love and loyalty should be recognised and possibly blessed by the Church. He proposed that a homosexual act between such committed individuals could not be deemed sinful if it represented true love, fostered sharing and growth, and was based on intended faithfulness. Despite acknowledging that there was currently no framework for marital commitment for same-sex couples, Rev. Russell encouraged Christian communities to embrace these couples and consider ways to acknowledge their relationships positively. He advocated for legislative changes in New Zealand that would criminalise only non-consensual homosexual acts or those involving financial exchange, while clarifying that he did not promote promiscuity for any individuals, regardless of sexual orientation. Accompanying Rev. Russell in the discussion was Dr. K. J. Newton, a consultant psychiatrist from Auckland, who highlighted that the majority of homosexuals – estimated to make up one in every twenty people – were stable and well-adjusted individuals living normal lives. He noted that those who displayed their homosexuality in what was seen as flamboyant manners were not representative of the broader homosexual community and were often viewed unfavourably by their peers. Dr. Newton pointed to a significant gap in psychiatric services for homosexuals in New Zealand, blaming societal repression for the lack of prioritisation in treatment. This dialogue reflects a pivotal moment as attitudes towards homosexuality and the rights of homosexual individuals were beginning to be openly discussed in New Zealand, paving the way for future legislative and social changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700518_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700518.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,11793600
7864,19,05,1970,"Indecency Protest (Press, 19 May 1970)","On 18 May 1970, a Lower Hutt schoolteacher, Miss Patricia Bartlett, publicly continued her campaign against indecency in theatre and film, expanding her focus to include literature and audio recordings accessed by children. Following numerous requests received via correspondence from various New Zealand residents, Miss Bartlett has decided to petition for three amendments to the Indecent Publications Act. She stated that she has successfully gathered 15,000 signatures in support of her original petition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700519_2_21_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700519.2.21.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,11880000
7865,29,05,1970,"Petition On Sex (Press, 29 May 1970)","On 29 May 1970, Mrs Wendy Ramsay, a housewife from Dallington, Christchurch, announced her role as the local agent for Miss Patricia Bartlett, who is based in Wellington and leading a campaign against the commercial exploitation of sex. Miss Bartlett has already managed to collect 17,000 signatures for her petition aimed at convincing Parliament to address this issue. Mrs Ramsay expressed her belief that many residents of Christchurch share concerns regarding this problem and would likely support the initiative. She is seeking assistance to establish a committee in Christchurch and is looking for individuals willing to help manage and distribute the petition forms. These forms will be sent to volunteers with stamped envelopes for their return. Interested individuals are encouraged to reach out to Mrs Ramsay by telephone or by mail to get involved in the campaign.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700529_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700529.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,12744000
4411,17,06,1970,"Homosexual Weddings’ (Press, 17 June 1970)","On 14 June 1970, Dutch homosexuals faced a setback in their efforts to gain the Roman Catholic Church's approval for same-sex unions. The Dutch Roman Catholic bishops publicly declared that they would not bless these partnerships, stating that such blessings were ""undesirable from the pastoral point of view"" and detrimental to both the interests of homosexuals and the wider community. This response followed a declaration by Harry Thomas, the chairman of the Netherlands Homosexual Association, who had announced his expectation of receiving the church's blessing for his relationship with another man. Although the bishops expressed their commitment to supporting homosexuals and addressing the impacts of social discrimination, they firmly rejected the notion of providing formal blessings for same-sex marriages.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700617_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700617.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,14385600
4412,27,06,1970,"More Immigration Restrictions Likely For New... (Press, 27 June 1970)","The political landscape in Britain is shifting, particularly concerning immigration policies that could significantly impact New Zealand citizens residing there. Under the new Conservative government, led by Prime Minister Edward Heath, there is a strong likelihood that New Zealanders will face stricter immigration restrictions. During a Speech from the Throne, it is anticipated that the government will announce its intention to treat all Commonwealth citizens, including New Zealanders, as aliens. Last year, a total of 261 New Zealand voucher holders, along with their dependents, were admitted to Britain, with an additional 146 arriving in the first quarter of the current year. This change would mean that New Zealanders who enter on work permits would no longer enjoy the free movement they previously did. Instead, they would be allowed entry only for specific jobs, in designated locations, and for set time periods. Their movements would be under regular surveillance, essentially placing them in a position similar to that of other aliens. Heath's government plans to abolish the current quota system for work vouchers, placing the power in the hands of the Home Secretary to decide how many Commonwealth citizens would be permitted to settle in Britain. Long-stay New Zealand visitors, whose permitted stay is currently six months, would see this reduced to three months if they are classified as aliens. Heath has previously expressed concerns that the existing immigration controls are inadequate. He indicated that the proposed new system would allow authorities to verify that immigrants actually secure and maintain employment in the jobs for which they were admitted. There are already indications that many New Zealanders may consider going ""underground"" to evade the stringent restrictions and penalties arising from non-compliance. Some have dropped out of sight to avoid having to leave the country by stipulated dates, while others have resorted to drastic measures, such as marrying British citizens to secure residency rights. Citizenship loopholes remain available for some New Zealanders. Those with British-born fathers or Irish grandparents may be eligible for Irish citizenship, thereby securing rights for unrestricted entry into Britain. Despite these potential avenues, the new legislation does not appear to close these loopholes. New Zealanders in Britain have shown some understanding of Britain's need to enforce immigration controls equitably across Commonwealth citizens. While the anticipated legislation might be viewed unfavourably by some, it's acknowledged that there could be benefits for other Kiwis. Heath, in his speeches, acknowledged that some immigrants might find their expectations of British life not aligning with reality and would seek to return home. The Conservative Party has committed to providing support for those wishing to depart, which may be a relief for a few New Zealanders facing hardship under the new system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700627_2_165.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700627.2.165,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,15249600
6563,02,07,1970,"Viewers’ Views (Press, 2 July 1970)","A series of letters published on 2 July 1970 reflect diverse opinions on the appropriateness of television programming for children, particularly in relation to a film titled ""The Loudest Whisper."" One letter writer, identifying as ""Mother of Two Teen-Agers"" from Ashburton, expresses surprise that another correspondent, ""Anxious Mother,"" would permit children to watch television until the late hour of 11.13 p.m. This writer argues that the topics presented in ""The Loudest Whisper"" are already discussed among children aged 12 to 14 and believes that adults should not be restricted in their viewing options simply due to another parent's apprehension. The letter also touches upon the idea that it is unrealistic and potentially harmful to shield children from certain realities, asserting that overprotectiveness can deny important discussions about subjects like sexuality. The writer posits that responsible adults should teach their children about such topics in an age-appropriate manner rather than imposing strict viewing restrictions. Another letter comes from a group identified as ""Healthy-Minded Children"" from Rangiora, who suggest that ""Anxious Mother"" and Sandy Laidlaw are being unreasonable for expecting only family-friendly programmes at an early hour. They argue that some adults appreciate later screenings of meaningful films such as ""The Loudest Whisper,"" and they question the idea that children should be sheltered from certain themes presented in artistic works. ""Anxious Mother"" herself responds, indicating that she had used the off button before the film started because she had already seen it previously, suggesting she understands the film's content. She also mentions that her daughter's friends in the 12 to 14 age group found the film enjoyable, countering the notion that it is inappropriate for young viewers. The exchange highlights an ongoing debate about the content that should be available to children on television, with varying perspectives on parental control, societal values, and the role of education in helping children navigate complex subjects depicted in media. It also raises questions about censorship and the responsibilities of both parents and broadcasters in determining what is suitable for young audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700702_2_24_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700702.2.24.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,15681600
4413,11,07,1970,"A Man Who Duped The Art World (Press, 11 July 1970)","""Fake"" by Clifford Irving, published by Heinemann, delves into the life of Elmyr de Hory, a notorious art forger who, between 1946 and 1968, created an estimated one thousand fake artworks attributed to renowned artists like Modigliani and Picasso. These forgeries were sold through prominent art galleries and ended up in esteemed museums and private collections worldwide, from New York to Tokyo, and beyond. Irving, who was a close friend and neighbour of de Hory on the Spanish island of Ibiza, recounts the artist's remarkable life story. De Hory, a Hungarian, experienced a privileged upbringing as the sole child of wealthy parents before World War II disrupted his life. He faced internment as a political prisoner, with his family's fortunes seized by the Germans and later the Soviets. Once the war concluded, he returned to Paris, possessing only his artistic talent and a penchant for luxury. His foray into forgery began unintentionally when a friend mistakenly valued one of his paintings as a genuine Picasso. This stroke of luck led him to adopt the persona of a destitute Hungarian aristocrat selling inherited artworks, turning to forgery whenever finances proved tight. His abilities flourished, and he soon sold numerous forgeries across Europe, ultimately leading him to North America, where he honed his skills further. By 1955, de Hory had settled in Miami Beach, successfully marketing his fakes to galleries and collectors, including pieces masquerading as works by numerous celebrated artists such as Matisse and Renoir. However, as suspicions arose regarding his dealings, he was compelled to relocate frequently. His partnership with associates Fernand Legros and Real Lessard, who profited immensely from his forgeries, was marked by extravagance and eventual downfall. While Legros was apprehended for a forgery-related scandal at a government auction, Lessard faced trouble with bad cheques in Geneva. A Madrid court eventually indicted de Hory on several charges, ranging from homosexuality to being without visible means of support, resulting in a two-month imprisonment followed by a year of exile, which he spent flamboyantly in Ibiza. Despite the rampant deceit, de Hory's statement that much of the contemporary art market was artificially inflated by a network of dealers highlights the deeper implications of the art forgery scandal. Irving's portrayal of de Hory as ""the greatest art forger of our time"" raises unsettling questions about the integrity of the international art market, suggesting that many knowledgeable art institutions either ignored or were unaware of de Hory's influence. This compelling narrative not only shines a light on an extraordinary forger but also casts doubt on the value and authenticity of high-priced artworks, which continue to rise despite the revelations of the scandal. Irving's work prompts a critical examination of the art world, wrapped in de Hory's captivating yet tragic tale. The book includes photographs and illustrations, further adding depth to the story.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700711_2_27_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700711.2.27.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,16459200
7638,22,07,1970,"Objection To Film Clip (Press, 22 July 1970)","On 20 July 1970, a Cleveland lawyer named Richard Bertsch announced that he had been retained by actress Loretta Young to initiate a lawsuit against 20th Century Fox. The case revolves around the unauthorised use of Young's face and voice in the film ""Myra Breckenridge."" Bertsch dispatched a telegram to Richard Zanuck, the president of 20th Century Fox, demanding the removal of specific segments from the film that feature Young. This request stemmed from the inclusion of a film clip showcasing Young alongside the deceased Tyrone Power, which was controversially placed in a sodomy scene. Bertsch indicated that if the requested deletions were not made by the following Wednesday, 20th Century Fox would be subject to a slom damage lawsuit for causing irreparable harm to Loretta Young's reputation and character.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700722_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700722.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,17409600
4414,29,07,1970,"Reform Move Expected (Press, 29 July 1970)","On 28 July 1970, the New Zealand Government, represented by the Minister of Justice, Mr Riddiford, indicated that it would consider a remit from the National Party calling for the liberalisation of laws regarding homosexuality. However, Mr Riddiford could not confirm when or if such legislation would be forthcoming. He noted that the National Party's initiative was not surprising given recent developments in England concerning similar issues. Mr Riddiford emphasised that any potential changes should not be misinterpreted as an endorsement of homosexuality or as a reduction in protections for young people. He maintained that he did not believe the current laws were resulting in the abuses that some people had alleged, but acknowledged that the law's enforcement might be inconsistent, suggesting there could be justification for legal reform. In response to the National Party's decision at its conference, the Homosexual Law Reform Society expressed its approval. The society's chairman, Mr S. W. N. Ransom, who is also a senior lecturer at Victoria University, characterised the decision as a reflection of changing public sentiment towards homosexuality. He stated that advocacy groups concerned with social issues related to homosexuality have been eager to ensure that discussions of these problems proceed in a rational manner, free from emotional biases that could hinder productive examination of the topic. Mr Ransom viewed the National Party’s commitment to explore the issue as a positive development, indicating a willingness to consider the complexities and implications of potential legal changes regarding homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700729_2_232.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700729.2.232,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,18014400
4416,30,07,1970,"Conference Vote Reform Move Welcomed (Press, 30 July 1970)","The New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society has expressed strong support for a resolution passed at the National Party conference, which calls for the Government to consider liberalising laws regarding homosexuality. The society's secretary, Mr J. W. Goodwin, stated that this resolution positions the National Party to align New Zealand with modern principles of social justice. He referenced the 1964 resolution from the International Association of Penal Law in The Hague, which recommended that consensual homosexual behaviour among adults—provided it does not involve violence, minors, or abuse of power—should not be criminalised. Goodwin noted that similar recommendations were made by the Wolfenden Committee, and observed that these guidelines have already been implemented in England for three years. The goal of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society mirrors these international standards, aiming for the decriminalisation of consensual homosexual acts in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700730_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700730.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,18100800
4415,30,07,1970,"Homosexuals And The Law (Press, 30 July 1970)","On 30 July 1970, discussions concerning homosexual conduct and the legal frameworks surrounding it in New Zealand intensified following a decision by the National Party at their recent conference in Rotorua. The New Zealand Crimes Act currently allows for a maximum of five years of imprisonment for indecent assault committed by a man against another adult male, in stark contrast to the legal changes that took place in the United Kingdom in 1967. The UK, through the Sexual Offences Act, decriminalised homosexual conduct between consenting adults in private, a move that followed the recommendations of the influential Wolfenden Report published a decade earlier. This report advocated for the legalisation of such acts based on the prevailing medical, psychiatric, and legal opinions of the time. At the National Party conference, Mr R. Sutton introduced a remit that urged the New Zealand Government to reassess and potentially revise its laws regarding homosexuality to align them more closely with those in England. Furthermore, the remit proposed substantial increases in penalties for offences against minors, contrasting the current New Zealand laws, which provide a maximum sentence of 10 years for indecent assault on a boy under 16. The English legislation allows for life sentences for certain offences and upto 10 years for indecent assault against minors. Sutton highlighted the charged atmosphere surrounding discussions on homosexuality, characterised by emotion, ignorance, and fear, mirroring the sentiments that delayed legal reform in the UK. Since the decriminalisation of homosexuality in Britain, it has become a subject of open discussion, appearing in various cultural forms such as theatre, film, and public demonstrations. However, Sutton cautioned against interpreting these developments as an increase in homosexual activity, specifically among young boys, noting that there has been no rise in such incidents since the law change. The New Zealand Department of Justice’s publication ""Crime in New Zealand,"" released in 1968, suggested that the country consider following the English example, although it acknowledged the need for thorough examination of the implications. The three years that have passed since the English law reform may not yet yield conclusive evidence, but experiences from both England and other countries that have legalised homosexuality could provide valuable insights for nations contemplating similar reforms. Despite these discussions, the urgency and political momentum to reform New Zealand's laws have been lacking, as such topics are often considered low-priority due to a perceived lack of political gain. However, with the National Party's endorsement, there is now an opportunity for Parliamentarians to confront their reservations and take proactive steps towards law reform, such as soliciting reports from the Department of Justice regarding the impacts of law changes in other jurisdictions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700730_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700730.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,18100800
6564,01,08,1970,"From The New Fiction Lists (Press, 1 August 1970)","The reviews published on 1 August 1970, cover a range of novels spanning various themes and genres. ""The Glass Virgin"" by Catherine Cookson tells the story of Annabella Lagrange, the pampered daughter of wealthy glass-works owners in northern England. On the eve of her seventh birthday, Annabella encounters disturbing events that leave her questioning her upbringing and her parents' true nature. As she discovers the harsh realities of poverty through her experience with hungry children stealing strawberries, she faces a transformative journey from riches to rags. The narrative builds tension but becomes stretched towards the end, as Cookson overly prolongs Annabella's complications with Manuel Mendoza, a character crucial to her fate. Despite this, the novel showcases Cookson's skill as a regional storyteller. In ""The Midnight Lady and the Mourning Man"" by David Anthony, former marine commando Morgan Butler steps in as a police officer in Jordan City, Ohio. Faced with the murder of a university student, Natalie Clayborne, whose compromising tape has been stolen, Butler investigates the case amidst political pressures and violent confrontations. The intricate plot, engaging characters, and Butler's personal transformation elevate this crime novel above its peers. Dan Davin's ""Not Here, Not Now"" explores the experiences of a young student amid Catholic Irish farmers during the Great Depression. While some readers may appreciate the regional authenticity and familiar themes, those knowledgeable about Davin's previous works might find it recycled and lacking in innovation. Nevertheless, it remains an engrossing read for newcomers. John Holland’s ""There Is No Peace"" is set in post-war Malta, focusing on themes of religious faith and hysteria through the story of Anne Pallister, who claims to have been cured of blindness. The novel skillfully juxtaposes rational doubts with the fervent beliefs of the local populace, leading to a tale rich in conflict and moral examination. Richard Llewellyn’s ""None But The Lonely Heart"" resurrects the story of Ernest Verdun Mott after 27 years, expanding on his impoverished upbringing and personal struggles. However, the novel’s experimental style, particularly the use of capitalised pronouns, may confuse readers and detracts from the overall impact of the narrative. Philip Norman's ""Slip on a Fat Lady"" is laden with puns and initially lacks a clear story direction. While its humorous elements may appeal to some, many readers might find it tedious until the plot begins to unfold, revealing a more competent narrative. ""Take Any City"" by George Joseph presents a story of an English writer in New Zealand grappling with his past while navigating a bohemian lifestyle that ultimately leads to personal revelations and reconciliations. Paul Bailey's ""Trespasses"" provides a poignant look at youth through the character Ralph Hicks as he learns about himself and his interactions with others. The novel's fragmented narrative style effectively mirrors Ralph's inner turmoil, showcasing Bailey's talent for capturing human experiences. Lastly, ""The Season At Sunrise"" by Shona Michael vividly portrays a summer in a small New Zealand seaside town, exploring the lives and tensions among its residents as they cope with the seasonal influx of holidaymakers. Overall, these reviews highlight the diverse perspectives and experiences portrayed in literature during this period, showcasing both regional narratives and universal themes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700801_2_20_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700801.2.20.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,18273600
4417,05,08,1970,"Caution Urged In Law Reform (Press, 5 August 1970)","On 5 August 1970, Professor E. F. O'Doherty, a prominent clinical psychologist from the National University of Ireland, expressed his cautious views on the reform of homosexual laws in New Zealand during an interview in Christchurch. He highlighted the importance of not rushing into legal changes that may serve only a particular segment of society without thorough consideration. Dr O'Doherty underscored that the primary purpose of law should be to maintain public order and promote the common good. He observed that if substantial evidence existed linking homosexuality with criminality or other negative societal impacts—as was the case in Britain prior to the Wolfenden report—then there might be a valid argument for law reform. Conversely, he stated that if the common good of society had not been compromised due to existing homosexual laws, then that would complicate the case for change. Dr O'Doherty stressed the significance of asking critical questions regarding the impact of current laws on society’s overall well-being and whether changes in other countries have adversely affected the common good. He advocated for a fact-based assessment to guide any potential legal reforms surrounding homosexuality in New Zealand. As part of his visit, arranged by the Roman Catholic bishops of New Zealand, Dr O'Doherty was giving lectures and engaging in discussions with various religious and medical groups throughout his two-month stay. He planned to deliver further lectures at the University of Canterbury and continue to Dunedin following his engagement in Christchurch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700805_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700805.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,18619200
4418,07,08,1970,"Petitions Presented (Press, 7 August 1970)","On 5 August 1970, two petitions were presented to the New Zealand Parliament, urging a broader definition of ""indecency"" under the Crimes Act and the Cinematograph Films Act. The petitions were introduced by Labour Party MPs Mr R. L. Bailey from Heretaunga and Mr R. P. B. Drayton from St Albans. Mr Bailey's petition had garnered 3,134 signatures, while Mr Drayton’s collected 3,278. Both petitions echoed the sentiments of an earlier petition submitted by Miss P. M. Bartlett from Lower Hutt, which had been signed by 41,000 individuals. The petitions advocated for the Government to expand the definition of indecency in the Crimes Act of 1961 to include sexual intercourse, displays of nudity, and bare female breasts. Additionally, they sought to redefine indecency in the context of the Cinematograph Films Act to encompass scenes of sexual intercourse, nudity, bare female breasts, as well as homosexual and lesbian love scenes. This motion reflects growing societal conversations and shifts in attitudes towards sexuality and representation during the period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700807_2_156_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700807.2.156.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,18792000
6856,08,08,1970,"Hippies Invade The French Quarter Of New Orleans (Press, 8 August 1970)","In August 1970, New Orleans' once vibrant French Quarter, known for its high-class Creole culture, music, and esteemed artists, has entered a period of decline, transforming into a haven for the homeless, drug users, and various disreputable characters. The area, once celebrated for its charm, now features dilapidated tenements where apartments can be rented for as little as $40 or $50 per month. The situation has worsened with the arrival of about 500 hippies, who have taken to panhandling tourists, congregating in public spaces, and sharing information about drugs. Their presence has incited a strong reaction from local authorities, leading to a law enforcement crackdown. Over a two-week span, over 300 individuals, including hippies, have been arrested in a campaign aimed at driving them from the neighbourhood. Arrests included charges as trivial as a young woman dressed in blue jeans being accused of wearing ""the clothes of the opposite sex"" and others for inappropriate attire outside local strip joints. This crackdown has highlighted a broader issue in the community, revealing that the French Quarter is struggling to find an appropriate outlet for its frustrations. Critics who blame the hippies for the district’s poor reputation seem to ignore its longstanding degradation. The Quarter began its downturn seemingly after World War II when the influx of soldiers created a carnival atmosphere, paving the way for commercial trivialities that have since overshadowed the area’s original artistic spirit. The arrival of affluent tourists seeking entertainment has only worsened the situation, with the standard of commercialism set exceedingly high. Crime has also affected the district, shown by incidents involving tourists and local residents. Local jazz artist Al Hirt, for example, faced violence during a parade, and a former police officer was fatally stabbed while walking with his wife. Despite their negative image, the hippies in the Quarter have not significantly contributed to the community's economic challenges and appear to be largely harmless. Some have attempted to engage positively by cleaning up local streets, though their efforts have been met with scepticism from many residents. Critics suggest that the problem lies not with the youth but with the broader issues affecting the area. Conversations among local residents often reveal a cynical understanding of the problems facing the French Quarter, with some noting that if undesirable elements were to be eliminated, few would remain. The narrative suggests a deep-seated community pain struggling to grapple with both its historical legacy and present-day challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700808_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700808.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,18878400
4419,13,08,1970,"News Media Attacked Over Crime Reports (Press, 13 August 1970)","On 12 August 1970, Mr J. H. C. Larsen, a lecturer in law at Victoria University of Wellington and the Crown solicitor for Wellington, delivered a critique on the media's role in crime reporting and the ongoing demands for the liberalisation of laws surrounding abortion and homosexuality. He addressed his concerns to the Wellington Justices of the Peace Association. Larsen highlighted a significant mass killing in the United States and noted the extensive publicity surrounding such heinous crimes. He suggested that this attention could potentially spur copycat incidents, as exemplified by subsequent shootings at American universities and another tragic event in a Chicago nurses’ home. He pondered whether the media's extensive coverage played a role in these later tragedies, hinting at a pattern where one horrific event could inspire others. He also referenced recent prison riots in Auckland, which occurred following similar disturbances in both Australia and Boston. Despite acknowledging the lack of definitive causation, he raised questions about whether the media's portrayal of these riots could contribute to a chain reaction. Larsen further pointed out a concerning trend of politically motivated demonstrations and riots among students across the globe, asserting that the simultaneous emergence of these actions might be partially attributable to the media's influence. In another critical observation, he spoke about the media coverage of drug use, violent crimes, and issues related to homosexuality. He posited that when drug use is portrayed as a trendy lifestyle in the United States or Europe, it could encourage similar behaviours in New Zealand's youth, particularly among those who are more impressionable or vulnerable. Larsen argued that consumption of media, which frequently highlights large gatherings where drugs and sexual expression are involved, could serve as a powerful influencer on public perception and behaviour. He expressed concern over the voices advocating for legal reform regarding homosexuality and abortion, suggesting that individuals, including respected members of the community such as university professors and psychiatrists, could unintentionally endorse law-breaking by declaring certain laws to be outdated or bad. Such messages could lead the public to question the morality of adhering to existing laws. In summary, Larsen's remarks warned of the profound impact media can have on societal behaviour regarding crime and legal reform, particularly in shaping the perspectives of those who might be swayed by popular opinion. His comments reflect a growing apprehension about the relationship between media representation and public actions in the sociopolitical landscape of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700813_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700813.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,19310400
4420,18,08,1970,"Homosexual Law (Press, 18 August 1970)","On 16 August 1970, the Wellington Methodist Synod addressed the issues faced by homosexuals under the existing legal framework during their meeting. The Rev. C. D. Clark highlighted that homosexual individuals lived under the constant threat of blackmail due to the current laws. He argued that this risk could be significantly diminished if legal restrictions were lifted. Rev. Clark pointed out the inconsistencies in the law, noting that while male homosexuals faced penalties for private acts, female homosexuals had no such legal constraints. Following this discussion, the synod reached a consensus to petition the church's annual conference, urging it to encourage the New Zealand Government to amend the Crimes Act of 1961. The proposed amendment sought to invalidate sections 141 and 142, which penalised consenting adult males engaging in homosexual acts in private.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700818_2_187.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700818.2.187,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,19742400
4421,20,08,1970,"Sentence ‘problem’ (Press, 20 August 1970)","On 19 August 1970, in Wellington, a significant legal decision was made regarding Rangi Kara Carroll, a 22-year-old entertainer identified as a homosexual transvestite. During a Supreme Court session presided over by Mr Justice Roper, Carroll appealed his original sentence of 12 months in prison for burglary. Dressed in female attire, Carroll's case posed a complex issue regarding sentencing, as the psychiatrist's evaluation indicated that incarceration in a male prison would create considerable challenges for him, potentially constituting double punishment. Acknowledging the psychiatric assessment, Mr Justice Roper ultimately allowed Carroll's appeal, substituting the prison sentence with a fine of NZ$400 and ordering two years of probation. However, the judge was clear that Carroll could not expect the court to consider his unique circumstances indefinitely when making legal decisions in his case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700820_2_206.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700820.2.206,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,19915200
4422,25,08,1970,"Criticism Of Interview (Press, 25 August 1970)","On 23 August 1970, the Rev. I. S. Kemp, minister of the Auckland Baptist Tabernacle, expressed strong criticism regarding an interview featuring a male homosexual that was broadcast during a women’s radio programme. In his sermon, Mr Kemp described the event as potentially unprecedented for New Zealand, noting that while it could have been justified if the interviewee was portrayed as someone in need of help, it instead presented his lifestyle as reasonable and acceptable. This, in Mr Kemp's view, indicated a troubling decline in social standards and awareness of divine laws. He specifically targeted a statement from the Auckland District Methodist Synod, which appeared to endorse the idea that homosexuality could possess moral responsibility and that pre-marital sex might involve genuine care between partners. According to Mr Kemp, this approach prioritised humanistic values over accountability to God's laws, which he found concerning. He contended that the endorsement of these views by a significant branch of the Christian church was a departure from true Christian morality. While expressing empathy for the loneliness experienced by homosexuals and those engaging in pre-marital sex, Mr Kemp cautioned against losing sight of the moral transgressions involved, asserting that the Christian gospel offers a more righteous and fulfilling alternative. He clarified that his criticism was not intended as an attack on other denominations but rather a reflection of a broader issue affecting the essence of Christian teachings. Mr Kemp warned that the ongoing debates within the church represented a critical moral and intellectual struggle. He concluded with a call for a return to biblical teachings, emphasising the importance of respecting God's laws and recognising the transformative power of the Holy Spirit in living a life aligned with Christ's teachings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700825_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700825.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,20347200
7008,27,08,1970,"Women Plan Many Protests (Press, 27 August 1970)","On 26 August 1970, militant feminists in the United States planned a national strike against male dominance, culminating in a significant march down New York’s Fifth Avenue. Organised by prominent activist Mrs Betty Friedan and other feminist groups, the protest sought to highlight the ongoing struggle for women's equality, which they argued was still an ""unfinished business."" Friedan, who is known for founding the National Organisation for Women (NOW) in 1966, emphasized the importance of solidarity among women, declaring, “We are taking our equality—no-one ever gave it to us.” The march, which was expected to disrupt rush-hour traffic, had been granted permission to use one lane of Fifth Avenue, but the organisers indicated their willingness to defy this restriction if necessary. This demonstration was part of a broader movement commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of women’s suffrage, with various events planned across the country, from Maine to Montana. Participants were encouraged to “girlcott” men, challenge traditional gender roles by handing over childcare duties to men, and destroy symbols of what they considered oppression. The strike was met with mixed reactions. Support from feminist groups included organisations such as the American Radical Nuns, W.I.T.C.H., and the American Civil Liberties Union, among others. However, some women opposed the strike, including a Santa Barbara housewife, Mrs Helen Andelin, who urged women to celebrate their roles as homemakers and wives instead of participating in the protests. In contrast to the feminist message of protest, Andelin promoted a “celebration of womanhood day,” advocating for traditional female roles and celebrating femininity. The protest garnered attention from local authorities, including San Francisco's Mayor Joseph Alioto, who stated that he would not pay any city employee who took leave to join the feminist demonstrations. Additionally, some organisations, like the Texas Bar Association, expressed opposition to any constitutional amendments that would grant equal rights to women. Reports also indicated that employers in Georgia threatened to fire workers who participated in the strike. The feminists aimed to make their demands heard through various actions, such as ""guerrilla theatre"" in business districts, public demonstrations, and the destruction of tea cups to symbolically represent breaking away from traditional roles. The key demands of the striking women included free abortions on demand, free day care facilities, and equal job opportunities. This demonstration and associated protests not only illustrated the heightened visibility of the feminist movement but also reflected the broader societal tensions surrounding issues of gender equality in 1970s America.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700827_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700827.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,20520000
7866,28,08,1970,"Censorship ‘sensible’ (Press, 28 August 1970)","On 27 August 1970, Professor J. C. Reid, an English professor at Auckland University, spoke at a literary luncheon during the Tauranga Festival of Music and Arts, expressing his views on New Zealand's censorship system. He described it as one of the most liberal and sensible in the world and advocated for its maintenance, arguing against any moves towards a more liberal approach or a retreat to past restrictions. Professor Reid was particularly critical of a petition presented to Parliament by Miss Patricia Bartlett, which he believed could represent a regressive step in censorship. He asserted that the petition leaned towards a form of Victorianism that was outdated and inappropriate for contemporary society. He commended the work of the Indecent Publications Tribunal and the Film Censor but acknowledged certain weaknesses within the book censorship system. He noted that many objectionable books were often sold before they could be assessed by the Tribunal, and he suggested that the enforcement of Tribunal decisions could be improved. He challenged the notion that writers should have unrestricted freedom in their expressions, arguing that they could already utilise existing channels to convey their ideas without needing absolute freedom. He dismissed the idea that the recent freedom to include explicit language and content had enhanced literature, citing D. H. Lawrence's ""Lady Chatterley's Lover"" as an example of a work he considered poor relative to the author's other literature. Professor Reid asserted that writers could convey a range of emotions effectively while adhering to certain guidelines and that removing restraints had not historically led to superior literary outcomes. Additionally, he addressed what he termed the ""myth of Danish pornography,"" referring to the assumption that the market for pornography had diminished following the removal of censorship in Denmark, where he had taught for four months in 1968. He indicated that early oversaturation had created an initial surge in supply, followed by a decline to a steady state of pornography sales. He concluded that there was insufficient evidence to support claims regarding the impact of sexual freedom in literature, noting that various official investigations into the subject had yielded contradictory results.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700828_2_218.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700828.2.218,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,20606400
4423,10,09,1970,"Hearing Of Indecency Petition Opposed (Press, 10 September 1970)","On 9 September 1970, the New Zealand Parliamentary Petitions Committee began public hearings to assess four petitions advocating for stricter legal definitions of indecency, specifically concerning nudity, bare female breasts, and depictions of sexual intercourse, under the Crimes Act and the Cinematograph Films Act. The petitions were organised by Miss P. M. Bartlett from Wellington. During the hearings, the Justice Department expressed opposition to the petitions, arguing that there is inconclusive evidence linking nudity and explicit content in media to increases in crime or social issues in New Zealand. Mr. B. J. Cameron from the Justice Department highlighted that sexual crime rates have not risen and suggested that the societal changes reflected in these phenomena are more connected to broader Western societal trends than to the content of films or publications. He argued that legislation as proposed would necessitate significant cuts to documentaries and would struggle to clearly define what constitutes indecency. Cameron pointed out the arbitrary nature of applying rigid standards in a fluid cultural context, stating that public opinions about decency vary over time. Cameron also emphasised that the current law functions effectively by allowing flexibility to accommodate changes in societal values. He contended that individuals in a free society should be free to engage with various forms of expression, which means the burden of proof should lie with those advocating for restrictions. He tentatively outlined three scenarios where law might appropriately intervene in cases of indecency: if something offends ordinary public sensibilities, if content appeals purely to prurient interests, or if it causes significant social harm. Supporting the opposition to the petitions, the Department of Internal Affairs noted that defining indecency in the manner suggested could inadvertently promote sexual innuendo and would be unattainable given the wide spectrum of what may be deemed indecent. Their Secretary, Mr. P. J. O’Dea, questioned the feasibility of establishing a universally accepted definition of indecency, citing the complexities of human expression and behaviour. Miss Bartlett argued in favour of the petitions, linking the rise in sexually explicit content to increased incidents of venereal diseases and extramarital births. She expressed concern over societal double standards regarding decency and how they might influence youth attitudes towards sexuality and morality. She was particularly worried about the potential for an erosion of standards, warning of the emergence of exploitative content similar to that found in some overseas markets. Various groups presented their views during the hearings. While the Auckland Festival Society and the Auckland Film Society warned against imposing further limitations, citing these existing censorship laws as adequate, some individuals, like an Auckland housewife, pleaded for higher standards in media content, citing concerns about the moral future of New Zealand’s youth. The hearings were scheduled to continue on the following Tuesday and Wednesday, with members of the committee including both opposition and government representatives. The debate highlighted the tension between freedom of expression and concerns over morality in media, reflecting ongoing societal struggles regarding attitudes towards nudity and sexual content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700910_2_178.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700910.2.178,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,21729600
6565,12,09,1970,"From The New Fiction Lists (Press, 12 September 1970)","The review covers several novels published in 1970, presenting a mix of crime, social commentary, and romance. ""Sweet Poison"" by Douglas Clark recounts a police investigation into the poisoning of a widow who owned a holiday camp, along with her dogs. The case, led by Detective Inspector George Masters, reveals the complexities of uncovering a murder when no poison is found, providing a detailed portrayal of various characters involved in the investigation. ""Lovey Childs"" by John O'Hara explores the lives of two central women in the international playboy set, creating a narrative that aims to critique their lifestyles but ultimately falls short due to reliance on contrived plot devices and underdeveloped social settings. In ""Devil’s Goad"" by John Laffin, the story focuses on Mark Thayer, an English poet who becomes entangled in the lives of twin students at the Sorbonne, capturing the turmoil of personal relationships against the backdrop of societal expectations. The novel grapples with heavy themes but lacks the levity to balance its intensity. ""Ring In The New"" by Phyllis Bentley continues the Oldroyd Saga, depicting the struggles of the Morcar family amidst the threat of a corporate takeover following the death of the patriarch, Harry Morcar. The narrative seeks to blend family dynamics with contemporary societal issues but is described as lacking in plot depth. Julie Burrows' ""No Need For Violence"" portrays life in an idyllic English village marred by hidden conflicts. The story begins with a magazine creator's article that leads to a murder investigation, skillfully executed by Superintendent Bowman and his team, revealing deeper character backgrounds and suspicions. ""Echoes Of Celandine"" by Derek Marlowe offers a unique take on the life of a professional assassin, Jay Mallory, who embarks on one last job while simultaneously searching for his missing wife. The plot combines suspense with sudden twists, keeping the reader engaged until the end. Lastly, ""Stalk To Kill"" by Robin Adam presents a less successful narrative with an unengaging storyline primarily featuring implied action and flat characterisation. Featuring a complicated web of spies and personal relationships, the novel struggles to maintain interest and coherence throughout. Overall, the reviews highlight a diverse array of stories that explore different societal issues and personal dilemmas, with varying degrees of success in execution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700912_2_21_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700912.2.21.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,21902400
4424,17,09,1970,"Inhibitions “necessary For A Healthy Society” (Press, 17 September 1970)","On 16 September 1970, the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in Wellington heard submissions regarding the definition of indecency in relation to nudity, sexual content, and film censorship. The discussion was prompted by a petition from Mrs E. S. Ramsay, a Christchurch housewife, along with three other women, advocating for the legal classification of nudity, bare female breasts, and depictions of sexual acts as indecent under the Crimes Act and the Cinematograph Films Act. This petition garnered nearly 50,000 signatures and was organised by Miss P. M. Bartlett. Rev. C. W. Haskell, a former headmaster in India and Pakistan, spoke before the committee, asserting that a healthy society requires inhibitions and a sense of guilt and shame. He contended that permitting public entertainments which trivialise chastity could have disastrous long-term consequences for the State. Miss Bartlett highlighted concerns about the influence of indecent films and advertising on moral standards, suggesting that the public may benefit from ordinary married couples serving as film censors rather than current censoring practices which might lead to desensitisation. Bartlett also expressed concern over the potential for nudity in films to lead to greater sexual exploitation. She pointed to a growing acceptance of nudity in films, including adaptations of classic literature, and stated that the acceptance of nudity would inevitably lead to further concessions in film content. Mrs E. McLennan, representing the Wellington Housewives’ Association, supported the call for tighter regulations, claiming a unanimous condemnation of sex and horror films. She stated that the rise in illegitimacy, venereal diseases, and sexual crimes in New Zealand was influenced by inappropriate media content. Heavily emphasising the detrimental effects of suggestive films on young audiences, she suggested that film importers should be legally required to provide more suitable content. The issue of public performances featuring nudity, such as the rock musical ""Hair,"" and establishments like topless-waitress restaurants and striptease cabarets also came under scrutiny. Bartlett and McLennan urged for legislation to ban such exhibitions, expressing that they negatively impacted societal morals. Mrs F. I. Turnbull's submission, communicated by Mrs M. R. Hodder, reiterated the point that young audiences were predominantly consuming media that glamorises sex and violence, and thus required protection. The discussion touched on the changing landscape of Hollywood film ethics, which had loosened codes to revive dwindling box office returns. Mrs Ramsay warned that if the Legislature did not define indecency, entertainment would likely become increasingly provocative over time. She requested that government involvement was necessary to protect public morals and suggested a need for stronger policing of restricted films to keep them away from children. In response, Mr N. F. Fisher, president of the Motion Picture Exhibitors’ Association, defended the current legislation as adequate in protecting public interests. He reflected concerns about the inconsistency in the enforcement of existing film restrictions, particularly regarding the screening of restricted films on television. The committee concluded its hearings for the day, with plans to resume discussions the following Wednesday.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700917_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700917.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,22334400
4425,19,09,1970,"Safeguards Sought Against Blackmail (Press, 19 September 1970)","On 19 September 1970, the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society expressed concern over the issue of blackmail targeting homosexuals, highlighting the fears individuals have regarding reporting such incidents to the police. The society's chairman, Mr S. W. N. Ransom, spoke in Wellington about the negative repercussions for blackmail victims, particularly in light of a past case in Christchurch where a victim faced charges after attempting to report blackmail. Mr Ransom recounted an alarming series of robberies that occurred at knife-point, committed by a young man who had previously engaged with his male victims as a willing partner. Although this information was informally relayed to the police, no actions were taken, as the victims were too scared to press formal charges. This situation escalated to a fatal incident involving the same young man, who was subsequently convicted of murder. The chairman went on to detail a specific incident from less than four years prior, where a Christchurch man was blackmailed by his homosexual partner. When the victim bravely decided to go to the authorities, both he and the blackmailer were charged with indecent conduct, revealing a troubling lack of support for victims in similar situations. Despite the case being dismissed initially, the Crown invoked its right of appeal, leading to further legal consequences for the victim. Ransom questioned whether new instructions had been issued to prevent victim embarrassment in blackmail cases, aligning his inquiry with comments made by Sir Alfred North, the president of the Court of Appeal. He insisted that until laws are revised, ensuring protection for victims of blackmail is essential for the sake of justice. The society continues to advocate for legal reforms to address these pressing issues faced by homosexual individuals, who often remain vulnerable due to the existing legal framework and societal attitudes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19700919_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19700919.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,22507200
4426,01,10,1970,"Inmates Reported To Run Prison (Press, 1 October 1970)","On 30 September 1970, it was reported that the Kansas State Penitentiary operates under the control of prisoners who engage in illicit activities, including gambling, homosexual rackets, and marijuana cultivation. This revelation came during a Senate subcommittee investigation led by Senator Thomas Dodd, where Dr Do Hardesty from a Topeka personnel evaluation firm presented findings from a study conducted between 1968 and 1969. Dr Hardesty's testimony revealed a shocking degree of inmate control over daily prison operations. He reported that inmates not only ran gambling activities but also provided sexual services, notably involving younger and weaker prisoners as homosexual prostitutes. The control inmates held extended to managing drug distribution and overseeing medical treatment within the prison's hospital. When asked by Senator Dodd if conditions at the prison had improved since his last investigation, Dr Hardesty confirmed that inmate control remained largely unchanged. Dodd highlighted a 1969 raid that uncovered four pounds of marijuana in the prison hospital, with Dr Hardesty explaining that the marijuana was cultivated right on the prison farm. The hearing also featured other witnesses, including Mr Luther Hicks, a member of an Indiana penal reform committee, and Mr Robert Gordon, regional director of an Indiana anti-defamation league. Hicks publicly criticised the Indiana Governor, Mr Edgar Whitcomb, for his lack of effective prison reform and presented allegations of numerous abuses linked to the governor's actions, such as advocating for oppressive legislation that blocked humane measures. Gordon added that the prison staff in Indiana often participated in a patronage system, where political appointees were expected to share a portion of their salaries with the governing political party. Overall, the testimonies at the Senate hearing shed light on the serious deficiencies and corrupt practices within the prison systems in Kansas and Indiana, raising urgent questions about the need for reform in the treatment and management of inmates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701001_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701001.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,23544000
4427,12,10,1970,"Homosexuality ""complex"" (Press, 12 October 1970)","On 12 October 1970, Dr Attilio Z. Flosi, a Brazilian endocrinologist, spoke in Christchurch regarding the issue of homosexuality, arguing that homosexual acts between consenting adult males should not be criminalised, but rather approached as a complex problem worthy of study and possible correction. He pointed out that labelling homosexuality as a crime only exacerbates the issues surrounding it. Dr Flosi observed an apparent increase in homosexuality in more developed nations, noting uncertainty about whether this trend represented a true rise in homosexual behaviour or simply a greater willingness to openly discuss it. Historically, societies have punished homosexuality severely, forcing individuals to conceal their sexual orientations. However, he remarked that as social punishments have lessened, homosexuals have become more visible. He noted that changing gender norms and the rise of “unisex” clothing have blurred traditional distinctions between men and women. Additionally, he commented on the shift in societal perspectives toward sexual relations; in earlier times, sex was primarily for reproduction and family building, while contemporary views place greater emphasis on pleasure. Dr Flosi suggested that the current societal crisis might contribute to a search for alternative lifestyles, leading some individuals to explore behaviours perceived as deviant. He argued that the increasing visibility of male homosexuality and lesbianism could be beneficial, as it might promote more research and treatment options. He also highlighted the possibility of a hormonal imbalance influencing homosexuality. While treatments aimed at addressing such imbalances have been attempted, results have been inconsistent and uncertain. Overall, Dr Flosi's remarks underscored the need for a more nuanced understanding of homosexuality, advocating for a shift away from criminalisation toward a focus on study and treatment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701012_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701012.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,24494400
4428,13,10,1970,"Boys In The Band’ Cancelled (Press, 13 October 1970)","The New Zealand tour of the homosexual play ""The Boys in the Band"" has been cancelled, as reported by the Press Association on 13 October 1970. The play, which has been a success in Sydney for about two years, was scheduled to be brought to New Zealand by Harry M. Miller. Mr. Miller's New Zealand agent, Mr. A. Hollows, confirmed the cancellation but did not provide a specific reason for it. He speculated that a possible factor could be a shortage of manpower in the company due to other productions currently in operation. Mr. Hollows emphasised that the cancellation was not due to concerns over the show's potential failure or apprehension about public reception towards a homosexual play. He noted that the public is becoming increasingly indifferent to issues surrounding homosexuality. However, there was speculation that the cancellation might be related to the film adaptation of the play, which has been approved by the Film Censor but is restricted to audiences over the age of 18. This film is set to be released by International Film Distributors in early 1971. Overall, while the cancellation of the tour raises questions about the reception of such content in New Zealand, it appears the reasons extend beyond just public sentiment towards homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701013_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701013.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,24580800
4429,24,10,1970,"Two Scottish Tragedies (Press, 24 October 1970)","""A Kind of Justice"" by George Malcolm Thomson explores two historical mysteries from Scotland, examining both the Gowrie Conspiracy of 1600 and the murder of Colin Campbell of Glenuir in 1752. The author investigates these events in detail, consulting 26 sources and providing a thoughtful analysis of the circumstances surrounding them. The Gowrie Conspiracy involves King James VI, the son of Mary Queen of Scots, who sought recognition as the successor to Queen Elizabeth I. The mystery arises when James unexpectedly visits the Earl of Gowrie at Gowrie House after a hunting trip. This visit has puzzled historians due to its bizarre nature; James claimed he was lured to view a pot of gold, an explanation that many viewed with scepticism. Soon after arriving, James raised a cry of ""Treason,"" leading to a chaotic confrontation where both Gowrie and his brother were killed. Many suspect that James's actions were part of a deeper plot, possibly motivated by political rivalry or personal reasons. Thomson proposes that the King may have engineered the situation to eliminate the Ruthvens due to their potential threat to his authority. In contrast, the murder of Colin Campbell in 1752 is framed within the context of the socio-political tensions in Scotland post-Culloden. Campbell was killed while attempting to evict tenants in favour of others deemed more acceptable by the English crown. The investigation of his murder implicated Alan Breck, a character known for his unsavoury reputation. Breck, a deserter fleeing from the French authorities, fled Scotland after the incident, which led to widespread suspicion against him, heavily fuelled by the Campbells. Despite his honourable defence, James Stewart of Appin was wrongfully convicted and hanged, as he was unable to defend against the biased jury primarily composed of Campbells. Thomson concludes that both events illustrate the injustices of the era, suggesting that the Gowrie Conspiracy was orchestrated by the King himself, and positing that Alan Breck was likely innocent in Campbell’s murder. Instead, he hints at the possibility that a member of the Stewart family could have been the actual murderer, a secret that remains undisclosed within the family to this day. Overall, ""A Kind of Justice"" is presented as an engaging read for both history enthusiasts and the general public, highlighting Thomson's adeptness in piecing together historical puzzles while offering compelling narratives that provoke further thought and discussion on themes of justice and accountability in history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701024_2_90_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701024.2.90.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,25531200
4430,29,10,1970,"Chief Constable Of Durham On Visit (Press, 29 October 1970)","In an interview conducted in Christchurch, the Chief Constable of Durham, Mr A. A. Muir, spoke about the implications of Britain's liberalisation of homosexual laws, noting that there has been no significant change in the country's way of life as a result. He asserted that British policemen have never actively targeted homosexuals unless they were found to be interfering with minors. Mr Muir's visit to New Zealand was made possible through a British Council grant, and he oversees a police force comprised of 2,600 officers, handling their appointments, promotions, and disciplinary matters. Mr Muir explained that the average British policeman has a reasonable understanding of the issues faced by homosexuals and approaches these matters with a degree of professionalism. However, he critiques some homosexual law reformers, suggesting that their actions can exacerbate the situation rather than improve it. He argued that these reformers often provoke backlash from conservative groups, which he referred to as ""wowsers,"" who then call for stricter measures against the homosexual community. In his broader commentary on policing in Britain, Mr Muir identified violence among criminals as a primary concern for the police force today. He noted a worrying trend among criminals, who are increasingly approaching their activities with a military-like strategy, resorting to violence when necessary. He highlighted that since the end of the Second World War, there have been more fatalities among police officers than ever before. The Chief Constable also touched upon the development of drug-related policing, indicating that, unlike a decade ago, every police force in Britain now has a dedicated drug squad. This reflects the evolving nature of crime and law enforcement in the country. While acknowledging that policing large-scale anti-war and civil rights demonstrations consumes significant police resources, he expressed that he does not support banning such demonstrations. His remarks indicate a nuanced understanding of the challenges facing modern policing and societal changes in the UK.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701029_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701029.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,25963200
4431,31,10,1970,"Reform Society Officers (Press, 31 October 1970)","At the third annual meeting of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society held in Wellington, several vice-presidents were elected from universities and theological colleges located in Auckland and Dunedin. The newly elected vice-presidents include B. T. Brooks and E. W. Braithwaite from Auckland University, alongside Rev. W. Rosevear, who serves as the warden of St John’s Theological College. Additionally, several professors from Otago University were appointed: Professor J. Clarke, Professor B. James, and Professor P. McKellor, as well as Dr H. Bourne and Dr A. Moore. Dr I. Breward from Knox Theological Hall was also included in this group of vice-presidents. Furthermore, the committee comprises members Miss M. Bryson and Messrs F. G. Davidge, J. W. Goodwin, D. McMillan, B. Neels, C. J. F. Parkin, and S. W. N. Ransom. This meeting reflects an ongoing effort to address issues related to homosexual law reform in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701031_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701031.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,26136000
4432,03,11,1970,"Insensitive Behaviour Seen As Immoral (Press, 3 November 1970)","During the opening of the annual Methodist Conference in Christchurch on 3 November 1970, the president of the Methodist Church of New Zealand, the Rev. W. F. Ford, delivered a significant address emphasising the importance of moral behaviour that respects the feelings, rights, and welfare of others. He highlighted that insensitivity towards the aspirations and traditions of individuals is fundamentally immoral. Mr Ford acknowledged that the church occasionally faces criticism for its involvement in contemporary political and social issues, but he defended this engagement as essential to promote the welfare of those who are deprived and oppressed. He pointed out that the church remains true to its mission when advocating for the alteration of laws concerning homosexual behaviour between consenting adults, arguing that society should no longer treat homosexuality as a criminal issue. Mr Ford contrasted rigid moral stances—which often condemn individuals without compassion—with a Christ-like approach that seeks to understand and support those in difficult situations. Furthermore, he addressed the church's moral obligation to combat racism, urging that they must first reflect on their own attitudes, particularly towards Māori people. He criticised the historical framing of conflicts such as the Māori Wars, suggesting a more accurate term like 'Land Wars' would better represent the complexities of these events. He also condemned the recent passing of the Māori Affairs Amendment Act, which he viewed as emblematic of the disregard for Māori culture and a manifestation of the dominant Pākehā perspective. Mr Ford lamented the insufficient recognition of the Māori language within New Zealand's educational framework and reflected on the bicentenary celebrations of Captain James Cook, which he felt overlooked the rich history of Māori existence prior to Cook's arrival. He continued to advocate for a compassionate response to global issues, particularly in light of the World Council of Churches’ efforts to fund minority groups opposing racism across the world. He cautioned against labeling these groups as 'terrorists', particularly in contexts like South Africa, where opposition to apartheid is increasingly met with severe repression. Mr Ford's address calls for a deeper understanding and action concerning social justice issues, reflecting a commitment to fostering dignity and respect for all individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701103_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701103.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,26395200
4433,03,11,1970,"Jack The Ripper Theory (Press, 3 November 1970)","On 3 November 1970, it was reported that the notorious identity of Jack the Ripper, the infamous killer who terrorised London in 1888, may have links to a respected Victorian nobleman, potentially even of Royal lineage. This intriguing claim was made by Thomas Stowell, an eminent surgeon in his eighties, in an article published in the journal ""Criminologist."" Stowell revealed that he has held back the name of the murderer for nearly 50 years out of concern for the safety and reputation of acquaintances still living. While Stowell stops short of disclosing the killer's identity, he offers significant hints that suggest he belonged to a highly esteemed family, potentially with Royal connections. He described the suspect as ""the heir to power and wealth,"" whose family had earned great public admiration due to their service across social classes. Stowell characterised the suspect's grandmother as a formidable matriarch and noted that his father was a cosmopolitan who enhanced England’s international standing. Stowell portrayed the suspect as a young gay bachelor who embarked on a world tour at sixteen and contracted syphilis. He noted that the suspect resigned from military service at twenty-four, shortly after a raid on a homosexual brothel. Stowell further claimed that this individual, referred to only as ""S,"" was treated by Sir William Gull, the Royal physician. In response to inquiries about the potential Royal connection to Jack the Ripper, Stowell maintained a position of discretion: ""I am not confirming or denying anything. I will never reveal the name because I don’t want to harm anyone."" The article also referenced a re-published book titled ""The Identity of Jack the Ripper"" by Donald McCormick, which posits a Russian doctor named Konolov as the killer but also mentions Edward, Duke of Clarence, as a potential suspect. The ""Sunday Times"" suggested that Stowell's account aligns notably with the profile of the Duke, who was the grandson of Queen Victoria and the brother of King George V. This revelation has sparked a renewed interest in the identity of Jack the Ripper and the historical context surrounding the gruesome murders of at least five women, prompting discussions about the implications of such a distinguished background for the notorious figure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701103_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701103.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,26395200
4434,13,11,1970,"New E. M. Forster Novel Released (Press, 13 November 1970)","A novel by E. M. Forster, titled ""Maurice,"" which was written between 1913 and 1915, is set to be published in 1971 after being suppressed at the author's request due to its homosexual theme. Forster, who passed away in June 1970 at the age of 91, had shown the manuscript to very few of his close friends prior to his death. A representative from Forster's publisher, Edward Arnold, Ltd., indicated that the novel might be released as early as September 1971. The story revolves around a homosexual relationship between two undergraduates at Cambridge and touches on themes that were considered controversial at the time. Professor Walter Sprott, a close friend of Forster and the chief executor of his will, revealed that he was one of the few individuals who had access to the manuscript. He stated that Forster requested the novel not be published during his lifetime to avoid potential controversy and the public attention it might attract. Forster, known as one of the most notable English fiction writers of the century, published only five novels throughout his career, with ""A Passage to India"" being his first in 1924. The posthumous release of ""Maurice"" marks a significant moment in literary history, reflecting a broader cultural shift regarding the acceptance and representation of homosexual relationships in literature.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701113_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701113.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,27259200
4435,27,11,1970,"Controversial Dismissal (Press, 27 November 1970)","On 26 November 1970, the British Post Office faced significant delays in mail delivery due to a series of lightning strikes by workers protesting the abrupt dismissal of Lord Hall, the chairman of the Post Office Corporation, by Minister of Posts and Communications, Mr Christopher Chataway. The reasons behind Lord Hall's dismissal were not provided, leading to a heated debate in Parliament where Opposition Labour Party MPs called for Mr Chataway's resignation. They accused the Minister of acting politically, given that Lord Hall had been appointed to his position by the previous Labour government at a salary of £17,250 per year. Lord Hall himself was vocal in his criticism, referring to the government's actions as a ""monstrous rape of the Post Office Corporation."" Despite his strong denunciation of the government's actions, he described Mr Chataway as ""a remarkably nice chap,"" contrasting sharply with the scorn directed at the Minister during the parliamentary session. Labour MPs, led by party leader Mr Harold Wilson, pressed Mr Chataway for explanations, but he only stated that the dismissal was in the “best interests of the Post Office and the public,” leaving many questions unanswered. Labour officials interpreted the dismissal as an indication of the Conservative Government's impending attack on nationalised industries. They voiced concerns over potential plans to abolish the giro system, which serves as a state bank competing with private banks, and speculated about the sale of profitable sections of the Post Office to private entities. During the debates, Mr Ivor Richard, the Labour Party’s spokesman on the Post Office, expressed alarm over these developments. Following the dismissal, Lord Hall reported his bewilderment, noting that he could not ascertain the reasons for his firing. He emphasized that he had no personal issues that would warrant such a dismissal: he had attended sessions and been present, stating, ""I still do not know why I have been fired."" As news of his dismissal spread, it ignited widespread unrest among Post Office workers. The two main trade unions, representing about 400,000 workers, condemned the dismissal, leading to immediate sympathy strikes. Many post offices and telephone exchanges closed in London and across the country, causing severe disruption to mail sorting and delivery, with the West End particularly hard hit as numerous post offices shut down early. The situation highlighted growing tensions within the UK postal service and prompted fears regarding the government's direction with respect to public services.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701127_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701127.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,28468800
4436,27,11,1970,"Japanese Was Prolific Author (Press, 27 November 1970)","Yukio Mishima, a prominent Japanese writer and patriot, took his own life on 25 November 1970 at the age of 45. Throughout his illustrious career, Mishima was recognised as one of the most distinguished and prolific writers of his generation. He began his literary journey with the publication of his first work, ""The Flowering Grove,"" in 1944, at the young age of 19. That same year, he commenced his studies at the Tokyo Imperial University School of Jurisprudence after attending the Peers School, where he earned the highest honour awarded by the Emperor. Mishima's literary output was remarkable and diverse, encompassing novels, over 40 plays including traditional Kabuki and modern Noh, numerous volumes of poetry and short stories, travel books, and a multitude of articles for magazines and newspapers. His narratives often explored themes of violence and the inner conflicts of his characters, culminating in moments of physical manifestation of these tensions. Notably, ten of his works were adapted into films, including one where he not only penned the script but also directed and starred in the lead role. Additionally, he appeared in a gangster film, showcasing his versatility in the arts. His significant early success came with the release of ""Confessions of a Mask"" in 1949, a novel that candidly recounts a boy’s journey to manhood and his struggle with homosexuality. This work resonated deeply with the younger generation of post-war Japan, reflecting their confusion and the emptiness they experienced in that era. Mishima's fascination with various literary forms gained him critical acclaim and a broad readership, with his works translated into multiple European languages. Despite being a contender for the Nobel Prize for his novel ""The Temple of the Golden Pavilion,"" Mishima’s literary recognition was a mix of both triumphs and disappointments. He was well-versed in world literature, showing particular interest in the writings of authors such as de Sade, André Gide, and Jean Genet. Besides his literary prowess, Mishima was known for his physical appearance, often maintaining a robust physique and engaging in bodybuilding and traditional martial arts, which inspired his photo book ""The Young Samurai."" Mishima's life ended dramatically with his suicide, an act that reflected his complex character and the intense conflicts he often explored in his writings. He is survived by his wife and two children, leaving behind a legacy that continues to evoke discussion and analysis in the literary world.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701127_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701127.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,28468800
4437,09,12,1970,"Syphilis Increase (Press, 9 December 1970)","In Wellington, there has been a concerning rise in syphilis cases treated at Wellington Hospital, with a 100 per cent increase reported in 1970. The number of cases has climbed from 16 last year to 38 this year. A specialist at the hospital indicated that the majority of these cases are linked to homosexual activity, which raises the risk of transmission to the wider community. This increase in syphilis cases appears to be part of a broader trend, as other venereal diseases have also been found to be particularly prevalent among the youth, especially in the 14-17 age group. This situation highlights a significant public health concern within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701209_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701209.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,29505600
3968,15,12,1970,"Feminist March (Press, 15 December 1970)","On 13 December 1970, a group of approximately 300 feminists and their allies marched through New York City, braving harsh weather conditions including freezing rain and strong winds, to advocate for reproductive rights and child-care services. The march concluded outside the residence of New York Mayor John Lindsay, where the protesters sought to present their demands for free abortions and 24-hour community-controlled child-care centres. Their slogans highlighted a unifying message: ""Out of the kitchen, out of the house, out from under — women unite,"" alongside more provocative chants like ""Castration for rape."" Although the protesters were informed that Mayor Lindsay would be absent and that two aides would meet with them, they declined to engage in discussions with Mr Barry Gottehrer, his senior executive assistant, and chose to leave without addressing their primary concerns. The march was marked by speeches from prominent women’s rights activists, including Mrs Kate Millett, author of ""Sexual Politics,"" who denounced derogatory labels and emphasized the importance of women's sexual liberation as part of a broader fight against sexism. Betty Frieden, a leading figure in the Women’s Liberation Movement, also addressed the crowd, asserting that their cause was politically significant and would not fade away. She stressed the necessity for women to have autonomy over their own bodies and called for solidarity between advocates for women's rights and those concerned about fetal rights. In a passionate appeal, Frieden warned of potential political repercussions if the government ignored the voices and demands of women, pointing out that women constitute 53 per cent of the electorate. The diverse group of participants included representatives from various organisations, such as the Young Women’s Christian Association and the American Civil Liberties Union, as well as radical nuns and lesbians, all united in their call for necessary societal changes regarding women's issues.","feminism; Gay Liberation Front (USA)",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19701215_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19701215.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,30024000
7867,18,01,1971,"Film Censorship (Press, 18 January 1971)","On 18 January 1971, opinions on film censorship laws in New Zealand were expressed through letters to the editor addressing the current state and recent changes in the film censorship landscape. Peter Boyes, the Secretary of the Campaign for Action Against Censorship, responded to a correspondent supporting the liberalisation of film censorship. He highlighted concerns that the public, when sufficiently motivated, would confront perceived abuses of power, as demonstrated by the significant petition led by Patricia Bartlett the previous year, which garnered over 50,000 signatures. As a result of this petition, there was a tightening of film censorship regulations, with nine films being rejected by censors in 1970 compared to just one rejection in 1968. Boyes pointed out that more than half of the films rated with an ""R"" certificate underwent severe cuts, suggesting that the petitioners did not reflect the broader film-going audience. He argued that their campaign aimed to rally support for a more liberal approach to censorship which he believes currently compromises films with artistic integrity. Conversely, D.B. Capill presented a contrasting viewpoint, expressing concern about the increasing prevalence of themes of perversion in films as reported by several retired censors from Britain and New Zealand. Capill argued for the protection of children from such influences, criticising contemporary filmmakers for their perceived lack of respect for traditional institutions, including marriage and patriotism. He portrayed these filmmakers as intelligent but lacking constructive messages, instead capturing modern society's struggles and confusions. In Capill's view, while he acknowledged the potential for a society where censorship might be unnecessary, he supported the continuation of a thoughtful form of censorship in light of the current societal attitudes that prioritise personal pleasure over the welfare of others, particularly the youth.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710118_2_107_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710118.2.107.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,32961600
6857,23,01,1971,"An 18th Century Transvestite (Press, 23 January 1971)","The book ""Memoirs of the Chevalier D’Eon"" by Frederic Gaillardet, translated by Antonia White and featuring an introduction and notes by Dr Robert Bakfick, presents a biography of Le Chevalier D’Eon, a notable figure from eighteenth century France during the reign of Louis XV. Gaillardet describes this era as one dominated by scandal and debauchery. However, while he emphasises the historical authenticity of the account, his portrayal of D’Eon often edges towards melodrama, romanticising the subject's life to the point of distorting factual accuracy. Le Chevalier D’Eon, who lived the majority of his life in feminine clothing despite being born and dying male, is depicted as a somewhat tragic and objectionable character. His slight physique allowed him to convincingly pass as a woman, and although he is thought to have been impotent throughout his life, Gaillardet contests this notion, suggesting D’Eon used his female disguise to seduce various women. Among these were notable figures such as the Empress Elizabeth of Russia, and a possibly fictional character named Nadejda Stein, who the author claims was D’Eon's true love. Another intriguing aspect of D’Eon’s life is the suggestion that he could have been the father of George IV, stemming from an encounter with the future Queen Sophia-Charlotte when she was just 15. The narrative of D’Eon's life is woven into a broader context of political intrigue during the reigns of Louis XV and Louis XVI, illustrating the complexities and deceptions prevalent in the European courts of the time. Gaillardet’s portrayal paints D’Eon as a character often on the defensive, and deserving of his misfortunes, with moments of likability emerging primarily from events in which he was not actively involved. The writing style of Gaillardet is noted for its extended metaphors, which while clever, sometimes become excessive and tedious. His views on sex in literature reflect a common sentiment of the nineteenth century, leading to a depiction of the topic that comes across as excessively cautious. Ultimately, the value of ""Memoirs of the Chevalier D’Eon"" seems limited, primarily serving as a resource for historians or readers inclined towards romantic narratives rather than providing a straightforward account of D’Eon’s life and times. The book presents a curious blend of historical fact and imaginative embellishment, making it a complicated read for those seeking clarity on its subject matter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710123_2_69_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710123.2.69.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,33393600
4438,27,01,1971,"The Homosexual’s Unhappy Lot (Press, 27 January 1971)","On 27 January 1971, CBS aired a documentary titled ""The Homosexuals,"" which received attention for its insights into American attitudes toward homosexuality. A public opinion poll commissioned by CBS revealed that many Americans considered homosexuality more harmful to society than issues like adultery, abortion, or prostitution. The poll, which surveyed only 964 people, highlighted a spectrum of feelings towards homosexuals that ranged from pity to outright hatred. The documentary, produced by Mike Wallace, uncovered alarming legal consequences for homosexual acts, such as a case in North Carolina where a person could be imprisoned for longer than a second-degree murderer for private homosexual conduct. The documentary conducted comprehensive interviews with various individuals, including homosexuals themselves, legal experts, clergy, and medical professionals, in an effort to explore societal attitudes. While it did not draw definitive conclusions, it presented a range of views that showcased the complexity of the issue. For instance, one featured homosexual expressed no remorse about his identity, indicating that he would not take a hypothetical pill to change his sexual orientation. This sentiment contrasted starkly with the experiences of many others who felt the need to hide their identities, seeking refuge in larger cities due to societal pressures. Medical expert Dr Charles Socarides asserted that homosexuality was largely a psychological condition rather than a physical one, contending that these tendencies develop during early childhood. He suggested that an overprotective mother and a distant father could lead to the development of homosexual tendencies, while a loving father-son relationship might prevent them. The documentary illustrated the profound isolation and despair faced by many homosexuals, framing them as outsiders in society. Professor Albert Goldman described homosexuality as a factor in societal instability, hinting at broader cultural implications. The closing segment of the documentary included a poignant interview with a married homosexual contemplating divorce to spare his family from unhappiness, thus demonstrating the personal sacrifices many homosexuals faced due to societal rejection. Overall, the documentary aimed to provoke greater tolerance and understanding for a group that has historically been vilified. In addition to the documentary, a light-hearted comedy called ""Wild, Wild Women"" also aired the same evening, showcasing the humorous struggles of suffragettes against male prejudice, highlighting the era's entertainment landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710127_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710127.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,33739200
4439,28,01,1971,"“Fathers And Sons” Missed The Point (Press, 28 January 1971)","On 28 January 1971, a critique of the Columbia Broadcasting System's (CBS) documentary ""Fathers and Sons"" was published, highlighting its shortcomings compared to the previous night’s documentary, which effectively portrayed homosexuals. The review noted that while the topic had potential, the execution fell short, becoming tedious and lacking clear direction. The programme featured four father-son pairs, with CBS correspondents and producers appearing to wander through discussions without a cohesive theme or focus. The documentary attempted to tackle generational differences regarding significant national issues such as the Vietnam War and drug use. The commentary noted the obvious contradictions between a World War II veteran father and a son born in the 1950s, but questioned the value of presenting these opposing viewpoints without deeper analysis. For instance, while the father expressed contempt for a son who would not serve for his country, the son stated he would fight for personal reasons, which was presented as symptomatic of a generational divide, described here as the ""generation gap"". Critics mentioned that instead of this well-trodden topic, the documentary could have delved into the dynamics of father-son relationships within the domestic sphere. It missed the opportunity to explore the reasons behind their conflicts or the conditions that foster agreement. It left unanswered questions about how lasting relationships can be maintained over different life stages and through challenging teenage years. The CBS team seemed focused solely on the radical views of the younger generation juxtaposed against conservative parental perspectives, neglecting the relational aspects of these families. The review offered a specific criticism of statements made by a police sergeant, Ed Baxter, about his son’s drug habits, questioning whether this simplistic, adversarial messaging was what the CBS team intended. In contrast, a separate note reflected on the final appearance of Detective Constable Reg Dwyer in the series ""Softly, Softly,"" praising Gilbert Wynne's performance as a competent portrayal of the young detective, enhancing the series with depth and humour. Overall, the article underscored a missed opportunity for more profound exploration of familial connections and modern societal issues, reflecting a broader dissatisfaction with how CBS presented generational differences without truly engaging with the complexities of father-son relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710128_2_45_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710128.2.45.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,33825600
7868,29,01,1971,"Film Censorship In New Zealand Examined (Press, 29 January 1971)","In a detailed examination of film censorship in New Zealand, Peter Boyes highlights a concerning trend as the Film Censor has become increasingly strict in evaluating and banning films. This shift is attributed to a petition spearheaded by Patricia Bartlett in the previous year, which, although returned to Parliament without recommendation, seems to have influenced the Censor’s decisions. Boyes notes that while the film censorship system provides a useful grading mechanism to assist parents in selecting appropriate films for their children, it has increasingly adopted standards that appear overly cautious and child-centric. The Cinematograph Films Act stipulates that films must be assessed based on their impact on public order and decency, with the Censor empowered to deny approval to films deemed unsuitable. While this is meant to protect audiences from explicit content, many films rejected by the Censor are not pornographic but rather significant works of cinema that have gained acceptance in other countries. Boyes cites several such films that faced bans, including ""Inferno of First Love"" and ""Performance,"" the latter receiving acclaim abroad yet remaining unseen in New Zealand. There is a growing discrepancy between the evolving social standards regarding nudity and sexuality in countries like Britain and the United States, and the more conservative stance taken by the New Zealand Censor. The rigorous application of censorship has led to the alteration of numerous films rated for adult audiences, such as ""Rosemary's Baby"" and ""Woodstock,"" raising concerns about the sanctity of artistic expression and the intelligence of the viewing public. Boyes argues that for those who view film censorship as a necessary aspect of societal protection, reforms are needed to improve the existing system. He proposes that films should be evaluated in their entirety to eliminate arbitrary cuts, particularly for those intended for adult audiences. Furthermore, he suggests establishing differentiated standards for general versus restricted exhibition, insisting that films rated R should not undergo any cuts. The article ultimately calls for changes that would enhance the film censorship system in New Zealand, ensuring that it better reflects contemporary values while preserving the integrity of cinema for adult audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710129_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710129.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,33912000
7639,06,02,1971,"Seeing Things In Black And White (Press, 6 February 1971)","The Publications and Entertainments Act of 1963 in South Africa empowers censors to regulate content deemed indecent, obscene, or offensive, aiming to safeguard public morals. The act outlines a broad range of subjects that are considered harmful, including violence, drug use, sexual behaviour, and various forms of crime and moral deviance. Courts have the authority to determine what constitutes improper handling of these topics. This legislation reflects the government's stringent approach to media and entertainment content, aiming to maintain societal standards as defined by the ruling powers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710206_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710206.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,34603200
4440,20,02,1971,"Guards Inadequate; Inmates In Control (Press, 20 February 1971)","In a feature published on 20 February 1971, a stark examination of the United States prison system reveals a troubling reality regarding the treatment of inmates. The article highlights the ongoing debate about whether prisons primarily serve rehabilitative or punitive purposes. While it acknowledges that rehabilitation efforts are lacking, it indicates a disturbing trend where punishment often dominates the prison experience. This punitive approach, the article argues, is largely driven not by the prison authorities but by the inmates themselves, who create a perilous environment. The narrative outlines the extreme violence and sexual assaults prevalent in facilities, notably detailing incidents in Washington, D.C., where young white men are frequently subjected to brutal initiation rituals known as ""blanket parties."" In these assaults, newcomers are attacked and raped by gangs upon entering the prison system, exacerbated by insufficient staffing and inadequate supervision. Evidence presented from a Philadelphia investigation shows that such aggressive sexual assaults are widespread across various prisons, disproportionately affecting young men charged with minor offences. Moreover, women's prisons are not free from such misconduct, with accounts of complicity among prison staff. In one instance, a female director was accused of inappropriate behaviour, highlighting the troubling dynamics within these institutions that often go unchecked. The article further explores systemic corruption, detailing how drugs are smuggled into prisons and sold at inflated prices, with complicity from guards. Inmates exploit weaknesses in the system, and graft appears rampant, impacting everything from food provisions to prison transfers, as money becomes a means for inmates to navigate the brutal realities of prison life. Public ignorance about these issues is a recurring theme, driven by the general populace's preference to remain uninformed about the operations behind prison walls. Prison officials have created an environment where communication is heavily censored, and inmates are often unable to report mistreatment without fear of retaliation. Legislative efforts, such as a newly enacted law in California that allows inmates to send uncensored letters to state legislators, are introduced to increase transparency and oversight within the prison system. The piece concludes with a call for awareness regarding the treatment of inmates and the conditions within the U.S. prison system, urging the public and lawmakers to confront these stark realities and ensure proper checks on prison administrations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710220_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710220.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,35812800
4441,23,02,1971,"Women Ask To Marry (Press, 23 February 1971)","A Circuit Court judge in Louisville, Kentucky, has denied a marriage licence to two women, Tracy Knight, 25, and Marjorie Jones, 39. The judge, Lyndon Schmid, expressed his disapproval, stating that he saw no reason to ""condone and accept a spirit of what is acceptable as perverted lust,"" drawing a parallel to the rejection of thievery and deception. Despite the absence of a specific prohibition against same-sex unions in Kentucky's marriage statute, which has been in place for 175 years, Judge Schmid expressed doubt that contemporary society would recognise such a relationship as marriage. The judge dismissed arguments presented by the women’s counsel, which included that homosexual marriages are accepted in other cultures, suggesting that such practices could also be linked to non-mainstream activities like head-hunting and human sacrifice. Following the ruling, the women's legal team stated their intention to appeal, first to a higher Kentucky court and potentially to the United States Supreme Court if necessary. The case highlights ongoing debates regarding marriage equality and societal acceptance of same-sex relationships in the United States during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710223_2_39_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710223.2.39.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,36072000
4442,02,03,1971,"Narrator Made Leonardo Da Vinci Live (Press, 2 March 1971)","On 2 March 1971, a review highlighted the compelling nature of Dr Jacob Bronowski's documentary ""Tell Me If Anything Was Ever Done,"" which focused on Leonardo da Vinci's life and contributions. The review praised Bronowski's sensitive narration, which brought depth to the complexities of da Vinci as a historical figure. Living during a tumultuous period marked by fear and obsession, da Vinci was portrayed as an ambitious man seeking knowledge despite societal constraints. The documentary shed light on his innovative spirit, particularly in the study of flight, where he was likened to a ""white magician"" of nature rather than simply an inventor. The program effectively explored da Vinci's artistic output, such as the ""Last Supper"" and ""Mona Lisa,"" while delving into his scientific legacy, particularly the intricate drawings from his notebooks that displayed his understanding of anatomy and mechanics. His fascination with flight was a recurring theme; although he conceptualised the modern helicopter, his true interest lay in emulating nature's processes rather than inventing for the sake of technology. In addition to his scientific pursuits, the review mentioned more personal aspects of da Vinci's life, including his sexuality and his professional aspirations, which provided a more rounded view of the man behind the genius. The documentary also included insightful sketches that conveyed da Vinci's views on the corrupt nature of those in power, highlighting the contrast between his lofty ambitions and his societal status. In contrast, the review critiqued another programme called ""Scrutiny,"" which focused on the current Christian scene but failed to engage meaningfully with its subject matter. The approach was deemed overly theatrical and superficial, leading to a missed opportunity to delve into the realities faced by groups like the Salvation Army. The reviewer suggested that the programme could have benefited from a more authentic portrayal of the challenges these social organisations address. Lastly, the review reflected on ""Half Hour Story,"" expressing disappointment at its lackluster conclusion after starting with promise, marking it as an example of how television programming can sometimes fail to deliver a satisfying narrative or resolution. Overall, the review conveyed a blend of admiration for the insightful depiction of da Vinci while also expressing frustration with other contemporary programming that did not live up to expectations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710302_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710302.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,36676800
4443,03,03,1971,"Homosexual Law Opposed (Press, 3 March 1971)","On 3 March 1971, the New Zealand Council for Civil Liberties expressed its support for changes to legislation regarding homosexuality. In their inaugural newsletter, the council backed the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society's stance against laws that criminalise consensual homosexual acts conducted in private between adults. This endorsement marks a significant moment in the push for legal reform concerning homosexual rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710303_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710303.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,36763200
4444,13,03,1971,"Magistrate's Court Confidence Man Gaoled For Three... (Press, 13 March 1971)","On 12 March 1971, the Magistrate's Court witnessed the sentencing of John Jordan William Cross, who received a three-year prison term for a series of crimes including theft, false pretences, and unlawful car conversion, among other charges. Cross, aged 31, had presented himself as a Samoan prince and claimed to be the son of the Samoan ambassador to Australia. His criminal activities spanned Auckland, Hamilton, Te Awamutu, Kawakawa, Wellington, and Christchurch, involving stolen goods worth $7,711. The presiding magistrate, Mr K. H. J. Headifen, highlighted Cross’s enduring pattern of dishonesty and psychological issues through extensive criminal behaviour, which included previous prison sentences. In another case, 17-year-old Murray Graham Dick was sentenced to detention-centre training and disqualified from driving for 18 months for multiple driving offenses and vehicle theft. Regarding burglary, 29-year-old Graham Desmond Johnstone had his sentencing deferred for a year, with the magistrate taking into account his restitution for stolen property and past clean record. Kenneth Tyson, a 38-year-old seaman, was convicted for assaulting a police officer and resisting arrest but had charges against him for threatening his wife dropped when she opted not to testify. His case was postponed for a medical evaluation regarding potential work-centre training. Also in court, a young man, whose identity was suppressed, was remanded on bail after stealing six radios while delivering freight. George Patrick Shannon, aged 32, admitted to unlawfully taking a car from a hospital car park and would face sentencing on 19 March. Two men, Rangi Reeves and Peter Claude Tairua, aged 20 and 23, respectively, were also remanded for unlawfully taking four cars. Rex Douglas Turner, a 23-year-old barman, pleaded guilty to burglary and failing to report to police while on bail, with his case remanded for a hearing. Brian William Giles, 39, was remanded for forgery after stealing cheques from a parked car which he later used to obtain goods fraudulently. Stephen Michael Donoghue, aged 28, was convicted for being found without lawful excuse in a private commercial yard, and Allen Richard Swanson, aged 25, pleaded guilty to trailer theft, both remanded for sentencing on 19 March. Additionally, a man was remanded for prowling charges, while several defendants faced fines for various driving and minor offences. In the case against Jeffrey William Johnston, his charge of refusing to provide a blood sample was dismissed due to lack of evidence regarding erratic driving. Michael William O’Donnell, aged 18, was fined for driving under the influence, receiving a fine of $125 with an 18-month disqualification. Finally, the court also addressed a unique case involving a defendant from Christchurch allegedly connected to a car theft in Western Australia in 1969, which has been postponed pending further health assessment. The defendant, bedridden from a past accident, maintained his innocence regarding the charges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710313_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710313.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,37627200
7869,03,04,1971,"Ruling Pleases Censor (Press, 3 April 1971)","On 2 April 1971, the Film Censor, Mr D. C. McIntosh, expressed his satisfaction with the Film Censorship Board of Appeal's reversal of certain decisions made by his department regarding three films: “Watermelon Man,” “Getting Straight,” and “Sweden, Heaven and Hell.” The Appeal Board did not approve the cuts that McIntosh had previously enforced, which had been categorised under ratings R16 and R18 for the respective films. He acknowledged that the board's decisions were not a surprise, considering their role in determining film classifications. McIntosh noted that the decisions from the board serve as important guidelines for the future operations of the censorship office. He stated that while the board might sometimes take a more lenient stance, the addition of cuts by the board for two of the films indicated a tougher perspective in some respects. The original cuts made by McIntosh were based on reasons covered by the censorship act, including scenes depicting violence, breaches of public order and decency, or the use of obscene language. In contrast, although the board upheld the appeal for “Watermelon Man,” they concurred with the majority of cuts for “Getting Straight” and “Sweden, Heaven and Hell,” ultimately adding extra cuts to these films. The decisions prompted criticism from anti-indecency campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett, who voiced her disappointment in what she perceived to be a decline in standards due to the Appeal Board's rulings. She argued that the board's actions would lead to a situation where the Film Censor would be inclined to make fewer cuts in the future. Bartlett expressed a desire for transparency regarding the board's reasoning in overruling the Film Censor’s decisions, questioning the justification behind reinstating certain aspects of the films. The chairman of the Appeal Board, Mr W. H. Carson, stated that the board's decisions were based on the individual opinions of its members, although each case relied upon different criteria without a singular specific reason behind every ruling. This complex interaction between the Film Censor's office and the Appeal Board illustrates the ongoing debate regarding film censorship and the balance between public decency standards and artistic expression.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710403_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710403.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,39441600
4445,03,04,1971,"Soundings (Press, 3 April 1971)","In an article published on 3 April 1971, Denis McCauley discusses the emergence of a ""New Morality"" and its implications for legal restraint versus personal conscience in society, particularly in the context of Christian ethics. The article highlights the tension between two contrasting views: one advocating for more laws to regulate behaviour, represented by figures such as Patricia Bartlett, who argues that a breakdown of social self-discipline necessitates increased state intervention in private behaviours. Conversely, many—including numerous church leaders—argue that individuals should be permitted to make personal choices without legal interference, as not every private act can be effectively regulated by law. McCauley points out that the debates around issues such as abortion and homosexuality have been muddied by an overlap between moral, ethical, and medical perspectives. He notes that while those who view the foetus as a living being strictly oppose abortion on ethical grounds, this perspective does not resonate with everyone. Many argue for limits on abortion based solely on medical concerns rather than moral absolutes. He criticises both sides for their approaches to the abortion debate, suggesting ethical advocates should have focused on a clear moral stance rather than muddying the conversation with questionable medical claims. The discussion extends to the legality of homosexuality, where McCauley asserts that existing laws actually draw more attention to homosexuals than they would receive otherwise. He indicates that concerns about legalising homosexual acts often stem from a fear that it might encourage more individuals to engage in such behaviours, although he notes this concern has no empirical backing, particularly with regards to the lack of legal consequences for female homosexuals. McCauley also critiques Bartlett’s efforts against obscenity in media, suggesting that her moral arguments fail to align with the legal frameworks in place. He suggests a broader recognition that laws governing obscenity are not necessarily rooted in morality but are intended to protect public interest. He believes that Bartlett's stance would have been more fruitful had she framed her arguments in terms of the responsible distribution and visibility of objectionable material, rather than invoking moral outrage. He concludes by advocating for a clear separation between personal conscience and state control, arguing that society needs a coherent public policy regarding morals. This clarity is essential in navigating contemporary challenges such as abortion and homosexual law reform, paving the way for a future that respects individual conscience while addressing societal norms. The overarching message indicates a call for rational discourse that reconciles ethical considerations with modern legal frameworks, as society moves away from strict religious foundations guiding laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710403_2_53_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710403.2.53.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,39441600
7009,06,04,1971,"New Role For Raquel Welch (Press, 6 April 1971)","On 5 April 1971, it was reported that Hollywood actress Raquel Welch is set to star in the upcoming film ""A Pope called Joan,"" where she will portray a woman posing as a pope. The film will be produced by Welch's husband, Patrick Curtis, and directed by George Pan Cosmatos. The storyline is based on the legend of a ninth-century pope, John VIII, who is believed by some historical accounts to have actually been an Englishwoman named Joan. According to the legend, during her papacy from 853 to 855, she gave birth during a papal procession, a significant event that has contributed to her story's notoriety. In a related development, another film exploring this topic is currently being made at Bray, near London, featuring Swedish actress Liv Ullmann.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710406_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710406.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,39700800
7870,07,04,1971,"Return Of Film Cuts Queried (Press, 7 April 1971)","On 6 April 1971, Miss Patricia Bartlett wrote an open letter to Mr A. D. Carson, the chairman of the Film Censorship Board of Appeal, expressing her concerns regarding the board's recent decision to reinstate multiple sequences in three films that had previously been cut by the censor. She highlighted her suspicions that letters sent to local newspapers calling for no censorship of restricted films might have influenced the board’s recent changes. Bartlett questioned the rationale behind the board’s decision to restore cuts in one R16 film and several cuts in two R18 films, implying that there was significant pressure from a small group of individuals demanding the inclusion of explicit content such as nudity, sexual themes, and violence. She contrasted this group's influence with a petition signed by 50,000 people in the previous year, suggesting that the board's response to a limited number of letters overshadowed broader community standards. In her letter, she requested clarification on how the board defines what is considered ""contrary to public order or decency."" Bartlett emphasised the inconsistency between the board's decisions and the film censor’s original cuts, questioning why the board believed that certain explicit content, which had been previously deemed unacceptable, was now acceptable. She also pointed out that the majority of cinema-goers in New Zealand were under 24 years of age, suggesting that the board should take into account the preferences and standards of younger audiences in their decision-making process. Overall, Bartlett sought to challenge the board's judgement and demanded a more thoughtful and transparent approach to film censorship that would align with wider societal values rather than succumbing to a vocal minority.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710407_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710407.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,39787200
3969,19,04,1971,"Squabbles At Conference (Press, 19 April 1971)","An International Women’s Liberation conference taking place in Toronto has encountered significant racial and sexual tensions among its delegates. Reports indicate that divisions have emerged in discussions centered around peace and oppression. One unidentified delegate highlighted issues of interaction, stating that Black Panther women refuse to engage with white women due to perceptions that the latter cannot comprehend the struggles faced by people from the Third World. Additionally, there are noted conflicts between women from the gay liberation front, including radical lesbians, and straight women, who are seen as constrained by traditional sexual roles. While a conference spokesman acknowledged the presence of differing opinions among the attendees, he refuted claims of any physical altercations occurring at the event. Approximately 400 delegates from various women’s liberation organizations have been participating in the conference, which has been held at a secondary school in Toronto since the previous Wednesday. The event is organized by Voice of Women along with two American groups: Women’s Strike for Peace and Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.","International Women's Liberation",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710419_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710419.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,40824000
4446,24,04,1971,"Soundings (Press, 24 April 1971)","On 24 April 1971, Denis McCauley discussed the women’s liberation movement, highlighting its emergence and significance in society while critiquing the superficial aspects that tend to overshadow its core objectives. Despite the strides some women have made towards achieving equality, particularly in areas like equal pay for equal work, McCauley noted that the movement predominantly consists of middle-class women whose primary concerns often seem trivial compared to the struggles of women elsewhere. He observed that most men have come to accept the principle of equal pay, although their support could be complicated by underlying vested interests in maintaining the status quo. McCauley pointed out that women already control a substantial portion of the nation’s wealth, live longer, and are afforded numerous legal protections that sometimes border on the absurd. This creates a paradox within the women’s liberation movement, as its key followers often lead relatively privileged lives and are primarily well-educated, being associated with the media and capable of generating publicity. A significant element of the movement, according to McCauley, is the underlying sense of inadequacy among women, which can perpetuate feelings of self-hatred. He drew parallels between experiences of women and the struggles faced by the homosexual community, suggesting that the search for identity amidst societal pressures creates a common bond. He acknowledged that denying women equal work opportunities contributes to feelings of inadequacy, similar to how unequal pay affects men. Moreover, he reflected on the criticism directed at domestic roles, stating that while the number of hours worked by wives often exceed those of husbands, the root of their dissatisfaction is a perception of inferior cognitive capability associated with such roles. McCauley argued that housework is often undervalued, leading to a lack of recognition for the intelligence and effort required, which in turn fosters frustration and inadequacy among women engaged in these roles. In conclusion, McCauley emphasised that the women's liberation movement, despite its misinterpretations and distractions, fundamentally aims for a transformative shift in societal attitudes towards women. It is not merely about equal rights or pay but about cultivating a true recognition of women’s capabilities and contributions beyond outdated stereotypes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710424_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710424.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,41256000
4447,01,05,1971,"The Infuriating Genius Literary Memorial Token To... (Press, 1 May 1971)","A recent publication has highlighted the significant impact of economist John Maynard Keynes, asserting that his influence since the printing press's invention exceeds that of any other social and economic thinker, particularly Karl Marx. The piece discusses the first four volumes of Keynes's ""collected writings,"" released by the Royal Economic Society, which serve as a tribute to his contributions to economic thought and policy. While acknowledging that Leninism and Marxist principles are falsely claimed by socialists worldwide, capitalists and socialists alike enjoy the benefits of Keynes's theories without formally acknowledging him. Keynes is characterised as a brilliant but arrogant figure, whose sharp intellect often alienated peers. His single-mindedness allowed him to dominate discussions and push his ideas forward in economic policy, effectively reshaping macroeconomics during the critical periods of World War I and the post-war era. The published volumes include both his well-known works and private writings that illuminate his thoughts and conflicts during his early career. The first volume features Keynes's inaugural book, ""Indian Currency and Finance,"" published in 1913, and the accompanying volume covers his early correspondence during his time with the India Office. His subsequent transition to the Treasury in 1914 marked a pivotal change, allowing him to reveal the broader implications of economic policy amid war efforts. Keynes's brilliance first showed as he proved that the Treasury's role extended beyond financing, making the case for effective resource management during wartime that still holds relevance today. However, despite his achievements, his views often placed him at odds with the British establishment, particularly with his critique of the 1919 Versailles Treaty process, which he predicted would lead to future conflict due to punitive reparations imposed on Germany. As he returned to Cambridge, he penned ""The Economic Consequences of the Peace,"" which provided a piercing analysis of the events at Versailles and underscored the economic implications for Europe. This work was met with disdain by the British elite, resulting in Keynes being sidelined in economic policy for much of the 1920s, an oversight considered a tragedy given the economic turmoil of that decade. The article concludes with an anticipation of future volumes that will further delve into Keynes's experiences and influence in the economic landscape, shedding light on his formidable legacy. The publication of Keynes's writings is not just a restoration of his historical importance but a reminder of the profound relevance of his ideas in contemporary economic discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710501_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710501.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,41860800
4448,07,05,1971,"“Legs Guides To Character?” (Press, 7 May 1971)","In a letter published on 7 May 1971, M. S. D. Moore shared findings from a survey examining the size and shape of men's feet. The analysis included 100 subjects and revealed some intriguing correlations. Moore noted that men with shorter feet tended to have poorer eyesight and often married at a younger age. Additionally, men with particularly long feet exhibited tendencies towards homosexuality, while those with flat feet were identified as some of the biggest consumers of beer in the nation. Moore concluded the survey by mentioning that there was no evidence to link foot length with issues of impotency.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710507_2_53_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710507.2.53.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,42379200
7871,10,05,1971,"Campaign Continues (Press, 10 May 1971)","Miss Patricia Bartlett is steadfast in her campaign against indecency, particularly in relation to books, magazines, and recordings. Despite a previous petition to Parliament that garnered 41,717 signatures but ultimately failed to bring about change, she is determined to continue her efforts. Her latest petition, which has already collected 17,500 signatures, advocates for amendments to the 1963 Indecent Publications Act and is scheduled to be reviewed by the Parliamentary petitions committee in October 1971. In her first public address in Auckland, Bartlett explained the focus of her proposed amendments. She aims to prevent prohibited books from being accessible to young people, to ensure that any materials sent to the Indecent Publications Tribunal are frozen pending consideration, and to ease the financial burden on citizens wishing to submit materials for review. Currently, individuals must provide six copies of a publication for consideration, which she argues is excessive, proposing instead to reduce the requirement to just one copy. Bartlett also expressed criticism towards the current functioning of the tribunal, highlighting its inefficiencies. She noted that from its inception to December 1970, the tribunal had only made 252 decisions, averaging about 36 per year. She attributed this slow pace to the tribunal being a part-time body with members who have full-time jobs, suggesting that at least two full-time members are needed to ensure timely consideration of publications. Moreover, due to the emotionally taxing nature of the work, she recommends that full-time members should serve for no more than two years before taking a mandatory break. Bartlett elaborated on the challenges faced by individuals wishing to submit materials to the tribunal. She pointed out that not only does submitting a publication require an individual to cover the costs of providing multiple copies, but it also forces them to publicly disclose their identity, which many might wish to keep confidential for personal or professional reasons. She believes that the financial responsibility should lie with the importer of the questionable materials rather than the average citizen. Through her activism, Bartlett is striving to reform the Assembly’s approach to controlling indecency in media, advocating for a more efficient and accessible process for individuals concerned about offensive content. Her continued efforts highlight her commitment to addressing what she perceives as weak administrative practices surrounding the regulation of indecent materials in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710510_2_38_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710510.2.38.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,42638400
4449,12,05,1971,"Rehabilitation Of Prisonersbarrier Posed By System (Press, 12 May 1971)","A recent report highlights persistent issues within New York's prison system, particularly related to homosexual assaults and the implications of the correctional environment on inmates' behaviours and identities. Speaking on the matter, an ex-inmate noted that prison culture resembles a ""homosexual world,"" pointing to the extreme conditions that prisoners face, which previously led to rebellions against their confinement. William van den Heuvel, chairman of the New York City Board of Correction, advocates for a ""furlough policy"" that would allow prisoners home visits on weekends, arguing that such a policy could alleviate sexual tensions within prisons and maintain prisoners' connections to their families. Experts, including criminologist Gilbert Geis, express concerns that the distorted sexuality experienced in prison not only leads to immediate violence and abuse but also fundamentally alters inmates' sexual perceptions and freedoms. He asserts that the prison system fails to provide inmates opportunities to make choices, crucial for successful reintegration into society. Many prisoners, especially younger ones, may leave prison with a skewed sense of sexuality and identity, shaped by the routines of coercion and deprivation they experience behind bars. Geis details how a 1968 report on the Philadelphia prison system noted approximately 2,000 sexual assaults over two years, indicating a dire situation for young inmates, who are often targeted quickly upon arrival. Various accounts from ex-prisoners recount the range of sexual dynamics, including mock weddings and even guards' complicity in these acts. Proposed reforms struggle to gain traction, with the current practice of ""conjugal visits"" occurring in only one facility across the United States, while the idea is often met with resistance. Many ex-inmates argue that this approach dehumanises both partners involved. In contrast, an experimental program allowing weekend passes to family members in two Californian institutions is viewed more favourably, with reports from Norway—where similar measures are in effect—suggesting that inmates consistently return after such visits. However, Geis cautions that while the Norwegian approach may hold promise, the cultural and environmental differences between Norway and New York City make direct comparisons challenging. Overall, the need for systemic change within correctional facilities remains pressing, as existing policies continue to contribute to a cycle of trauma and dysfunction among those incarcerated.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710512_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710512.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,42811200
4450,15,05,1971,"Graduate Schools No Longer So Popular (Press, 15 May 1971)","A significant shift is occurring among graduates from prestigious colleges regarding their interest in pursuing advanced degrees, as reported on 15 May 1971. This trend is particularly evident in Ivy League institutions, where there has been a marked decline in the number of seniors intending to go to graduate school. In contrast, there is a notable increase in students who are undecided about their future careers, some of whom plan to take a gap year to travel or explore vocational options rather than traditional professions. While many fields are seeing a decrease in interest, applications to law and medical schools have surged. For example, Harvard saw a dramatic increase in seniors wanting to attend medical school and a rise in law school applications, with similar trends noted at Columbia. The ""Harvard Bulletin"" highlighted that the number of undecided seniors had risen from 90 four years ago to over 250, and the proportion of graduates moving directly to graduate school dropped from 74 per cent in 1966 to 45 per cent last year. Several factors contribute to these changes. Publicity surrounding a ""Ph.D. glut"" has made potential graduate students wary due to disappointing job prospects for Ph.D. holders in various sectors, including academia. Moreover, the end of draft deferments for graduate students in 1967 removed the appeal of graduate school as a safe haven from military service. Financial constraints also play a crucial role, as many students feel they cannot afford further education without significant financial support. There appears to be a cultural shift among graduates, with many young people opting for what they perceive as less conventional or less demanding career paths. Reports indicate that Harvard and Radcliffe graduates are taking up jobs as cab drivers, organic food sellers, and tradespeople, whilst Columbia had students pursuing unique roles, such as a lion-tamer and an activist for homosexual rights. In response, institutions are adapting career guidance resources to reflect these new interests in social change and alternative vocations. Despite the drop in interest in some graduate fields, many students are still drawn to law and medicine, viewing these as avenues for altruistic work. Law graduates, for instance, are increasingly interested in consumer protection and civil rights, rather than corporate law. The consequences of these trends for graduate education are concerning, particularly as leading universities are feeling the brunt of the application decline, which could impact the quality of graduate instruction overall. The article raises important questions about the potential effects of this trend on government service, leadership, and the future workforce. Overall, the evolving attitudes of graduates towards education and employment reflect broader societal shifts and could signify a significant transformation in the values and aspirations of the upcoming generation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710515_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710515.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,43070400
4451,26,05,1971,"Law Change Sought Labour Vote On Homosexuality (Press, 26 May 1971)","At the Labour Party's national conference held on 25 May 1971, a significant decision was made regarding the recommendations of the Wolfenden Report on Homosexuality. Despite an initial recommendation from the conference’s justice committee to reject the remit, it was ultimately approved by a card vote of 274 in favour to 259 against. Dr A. M. Finlay, the chairman of the committee and a member of Parliament, stated that the key recommendation from the Wolfenden Report was that homosexual acts between consenting adults in private should not be considered crimes. He clarified that he voted in favour of accepting the remit despite his committee's recommendation. During the discussions, some members raised concerns about adopting the report without scrutinising its implications for New Zealand. Mr R. F. Dillon proposed that the Parliamentary Labour Party investigate the report further before making any decisions. His suggestion was not supported by the conference. Other delegates highlighted the existing legislation as being rooted in prejudice and discrimination against minority groups. In another significant topic of discussion, the conference agreed that the Labour Party, if elected to Government, would conduct a committee of inquiry into cannabis use. The aim of this inquiry would be to gather better information regarding necessary legal reforms related to drug usage, although an amendment to tie the inquiry explicitly to reforming the law was rejected. Some younger delegates voiced strong opposition to the current laws governing drug use, while others argued for a nuanced approach that would consider the perspectives of those under 25, as they may have different views influenced by contemporary society. Dr Finlay addressed claims regarding the non-addictiveness of cannabis, stating that the anecdotal evidence presented was mere opinion rather than conclusive proof. He expressed his agreement that it was improper to categorize marijuana alongside hard drugs and endorsed the idea of the inquiry, which received backing from the conference attendees. Additionally, a remit that suggested abolishing the Security Intelligence Service was firmly rejected during the conference. Despite arguments that the service was more harmful than beneficial, particularly in stifling communication of ideas, delegates decided against endorsing its abolition. Dr Finlay contended that the necessity of a security service remains relevant in today’s society, implying that without it, a similar entity would be required. Overall, the conference showcased a progressive stance on issues of homosexuality and drug inquiry, reflecting a shift in attitudes within the Labour Party, while also highlighting the challenges of balancing reform with public and political sentiments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710526_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710526.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,44020800
4453,29,05,1971,"Labour Move Approved (Press, 29 May 1971)","On 28 May 1971, officers of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society expressed their satisfaction with the Labour Party conference's recent vote supporting the reform of laws concerning homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. The society's president, Professor J. H. Robb, noted that the decision was not surprising given the increasing public support for such changes. He highlighted that numerous churches and various organisations had also shown a growing interest and support for the reform. Professor Robb argued that public opinion has evolved ahead of some perspectives within Parliament, particularly referencing the stance taken by the Petitions Committee three years prior. He emphasized the significance of both the Labour and National parties recognising the need to update the law to align with that of England, asserting that social issues should transcend party politics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710529_2_198.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710529.2.198,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,44280000
4452,29,05,1971,"The Press Saturday, May 29, 1971. The Labour Party (Press, 29 May 1971)","During the annual conference of the Labour Party held in Wellington from 29 May 1971, there was a clear emphasis on social welfare and equality of opportunity as opposed to socialist ideals focused on income redistribution. The Leader of the Opposition, Mr Kirk, set the tone with a call for New Zealanders to foster a sense of nationhood amidst the uncertainties surrounding Britain's negotiations to join the European Economic Community (E.E.C.). The party demonstrated greater confidence and unity than it had in many years, with Mr Kirk emerging as a prominent leader, appealing to a broad spectrum of the community while maintaining a degree of detachment from local party concerns. The conference favoured moderation in its debates and decisions, often resisting the more radical proposals put forth by younger delegates. While these younger members advocated for increased worker involvement in industry ownership and control, their attempts to include nationalisation of various sectors, such as stock and station agencies and the aluminium and steel industries, were rejected. However, they had a notable impact on other issues. The party endorsed the reform of homosexual laws despite facing considerable opposition and signalled an intention to withdraw New Zealand from the Southeast Asia Treaty Organisation (S.E.A.T.O.), albeit without a clear alternative plan. Young delegates also pushed for enhancements in Maori education and support for Pacific Islands immigrants settling in New Zealand. A significant advancement for the younger members was the election of Mr M. A. Hirschfeld, at 26 years old, to the national executive. This appointment reflected the growing influence of the younger generation within the party, although there were concerns from some quarters regarding the grip of the Federation of Labour on Labour Party dynamics. Despite attempts by Federation representatives to alleviate concerns about their influence, many delegates remained sceptical. Mr Kirk articulated a thoughtful perspective on industrial relations, stressing the importance of effective management training and equitable industrial laws as industries grew. However, there was still a lack of clarity on how to achieve improved industrial harmony, mirroring uncertainties held by the government. In terms of essential Labour Party issues—health, welfare, education, and housing—the conference primarily endorsed previously proposed policies from the 1969 General Election. Nevertheless, it showcased an engaging interest in broader developmental topics, including environmental pollution, the decentralisation of industries to counter urban population shifts, and agricultural diversification. On the other hand, the proposal for a State-owned shipping line linked to trade growth in the South Pacific and Southeast Asia was met with scepticism. Overall, the conference appeared to bolster the Labour Party's confidence, aided significantly by the adept management of its president, Mr W. E. Rowling. With the public witnessing the formulation of future governmental policies, there were encouraging signs that moderation and practicality were superseding more extreme ideologies within the party.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710529_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710529.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,44280000
3970,03,06,1971,"Homosexual Pastor Suspended (Press, 3 June 1971)","On 2 June 1971, Mr Gene Leggett, a 36-year-old self-identified homosexual clergyman from Dallas, was suspended from the Methodist ministry in a heated gathering of the South-West Texas United Methodist annual conference. This decision followed a 144-117 vote by the conference delegates after Mr Leggett had received support from members of the Gay Liberation Front, who had demanded an end to the perceived harassment of him. Mr Leggett had dedicated over a decade of service to the United Methodist Church and was actively involved in running a home called ""House of the Covenant"" that aimed to assist individuals whom he felt the Church had neglected, including homosexuals. During the conference, he expressed his desire to continue ministering within the Church, emphasising his commitment to his faith and work. Despite Church officials clarifying that Mr Leggett could have remained a minister in other capacities, he declined their conditions, stating he did not believe he was ""unacceptable to the work of the ministry."" The officials had determined that he was unsuitable for the position, but did not disclose specific reasons for this decision. The board's conclusion followed Mr Leggett’s public announcement of his homosexuality at a previous meeting of Methodist ministers. There was contention within the conference regarding the handling of Mr Leggett's case, with some delegates suggesting that there should be a church trial to address his homosexuality explicitly. Mr Leggett himself assumed that the suspension was rooted in his sexual orientation. Shortly after the decision was made, some ministers announced their intention to leave the ministry in protest, illustrating the division within the church over the issue. Reflecting on the proceedings, Mr Leggett called attention to the negative attitudes he faced, urging for a more compassionate approach to addressing the challenges homosexuals encounter within the Church. He expressed disappointment over the reaction from some members of the conference, asking for greater awareness and accountability in the face of such discrimination.","United States of America; Gene Leggett",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710603_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710603.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,44712000
4454,05,06,1971,"Two Earlier N.z. Novels (Press, 5 June 1971)","The reviews from 5 June 1971 discuss two notable works of early New Zealand fiction: ""The Land of the Lost"" by William Satchell and ""Allen Adair"" by Jane Mander, both published by Auckland University Press in collaboration with Oxford University Press. William Satchell's ""The Land of the Lost"" is critiqued for its simplistic plots reminiscent of colonial adventure stories, as noted by Kendrick Smithyman in his introduction to the book. Despite its shortcomings, the novel is praised for its vivid depiction of Northland at the turn of the century, making it a readable albeit flawed work. In contrast, Jane Mander’s ""Allen Adair"" is regarded as a more sophisticated narrative set in the gumfields of early New Zealand. The review highlights that the story naturally evolves from the characters' interactions with their environment, as opposed to being forced onto a mere backdrop. The narrative is noted for its brutally accurate portrayal of New Zealand society in 1925, revealing Mander's keen insight into the emerging national identity of the country. The protagonist, Allen, embodies the colonial expectation of seeking fulfilment at Oxford but ultimately finds dissatisfaction there, thus challenging societal norms. Mander's work is presented as a realistic representation of New Zealand, devoid of romanticism and ideals of isolation, instead confronting the harsh truths of life on the gumfields. Her observations on isolation reflect a departure from the cohesiveness of earlier pioneering societies, illustrating how the gumfield environment fosters individuals who are conditioned to live independently, often at the cost of familial relationships. The concept of ""mateship,"" or homosexual companionship, emerges as a significant theme in the narrative, suggesting an adaptation to the pressures of the male-dominated gumfield life. Although Mander excels in presenting a male perspective, the review notes that her attempts to convey the experiences of women in this setting are less successful, indicating a nuanced yet incomplete exploration of gender dynamics in her narrative. The second part of the news story features a review of Gerd Krussman's ""Rhododendrons,"" which is a comprehensive discussion on the hybridisation of rhododendrons. It notes that over 150 years, numerous garden enthusiasts across different countries have developed approximately 10,000 new varieties. Krussman, the Director of the Botanical Gardens at Dortmund-Brunninghausen, emphasises practical cultivation alongside the plants' botanical features. The book serves as a handbook for both professionals and enthusiastic amateurs, providing guidance and practical advice for successful rhododendron growing, accompanied by both illustrations and photographs. These reviews illustrate the evolving nature of New Zealand literature and the broader interest in botanical gardening, offering insights into cultural identity and artistic expression within the context of the nation’s colonial past.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710605_2_75_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710605.2.75.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,44884800
7861,24,06,1971,"Miss Bartlett Dragged From Bookshop (Press, 24 June 1971)","On 23 June 1971, Wellington Magistrate's Court fined David Keen Mitchell, the proprietor of the Fantasy Card Shop, $200 for assaulting Patricia Bartlett and for using obscene language. The incident occurred on 16 April 1971, when Bartlett, known for her efforts to petition Parliament for stricter regulations on indecency in books and films, entered Mitchell's shop. She purchased two copies of the Victoria University paper ""Salient"" and two paperback books. Upon recognizing Bartlett, Mitchell publicly identified her in a loud voice, which she found inappropriate. According to Bartlett's testimony, when she attempted to pay, Mitchell forcefully pushed her backward toward the exit. After stumbling, she fell flat on her back, and while she was on the ground, he grabbed her by the heels and dragged her outside onto the pavement. As she tried to regain her footing, she realized her bag was missing, prompting Mitchell to return and shove it into her hands. Bartlett reported feeling dazed and sought help from a nearby shop to call the police. Witnesses corroborated Bartlett's account of the incident. One witness reported seeing her being pushed out of the shop while Mitchell used foul language and told her to stay out. After the confrontation, the police were called, and Constable P. Williams recounted that Mitchell claimed Bartlett had not entered his shop and accused her of lying about the incident. Mitchell, who is 39 years old, pleaded not guilty to the charges, insisting he had not assaulted anyone and did not use obscene language. However, Magistrate M. B. Scully found Mitchell's account inconsistent with the evidence presented and accepted Bartlett’s testimony along with that of the independent passer-by. Consequently, Mitchell was sentenced to a $175 fine for the assault and $25 for using obscene language, while the charge of behaving in an insulting manner was dismissed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710624_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710624.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,46526400
7872,25,06,1971,"Book Ruled Not Indecent (Press, 25 June 1971)","On 24 June 1971, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington ruled that the book ""Affairs"" by John London is not indecent. The book, a paperback available for 80 cents in New Zealand, was the subject of a challenge by Miss Patricia Bartlett, who highlighted specific passages she deemed inappropriate. However, the tribunal evaluated the overall content of the book, concluding that it primarily deals with a man's passionate relationships with five women rather than exploiting sexual themes for perverse or cruel purposes. The tribunal noted that while the sexual behaviour described in the book was explicit, it was not presented in a way meant to exploit or degrade. In a separate case, the tribunal ruled on the anonymously authored book ""Her,"" published by Lyle Stuart Incorporated in New York. A majority of the tribunal members found the book to be indecent for readers under the age of 18, with objections rooted in its trivial depiction of sex without artistic merit. Member S. F. W. Johnston expressed concern that the book offered a debased view of sexual relations that did not contribute to any meaningful discussion or artistic expression. The chairman, Mr R. S. V. Simpson, dissented but acknowledged similar concerns, while other members suggested that while the book should not be classified as wholly indecent, it contained content that could disturb younger readers. Lastly, the tribunal classified ""The Tour"" by Aldo Lucchesi as indecent for those under 18, emphasizing that its appeal to youthful curiosity was inappropriate and justified restrictions on its circulation. Additionally, the tribunal postponed its decision on two more books, ""I am a Beautiful Stranger"" by Roselyn Drexter and ""The Libertine"" by Jacopo Massimo, as there was no representative counsel present for the publishers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710625_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710625.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,46612800
4455,17,07,1971,"Australian Attitudes To Social Crimes (Press, 17 July 1971)","Published on 17 July 1971, Paul Wilson's book ""The Sexual Dilemma: Abortion, Homosexuality, and the Criminal Threshold"" from the University of Queensland Press presents a scholarly examination of Australian law concerning abortion, homosexuality, and prostitution. The author adopts a passionate stance, describing himself as a ""pew"" sociologist who believes that scholars should not only understand but also actively seek to change societal issues. Wilson argues that abortion, homosexuality, and prostitution should be considered threshold crimes, as public opinion often views them as non-criminal, lacking a direct victim, and free from malicious intent. He meticulously discusses the legal frameworks surrounding each activity, public attitudes, and societal implications. The book includes surveys reflecting Australian public opinion on these subjects and examines the outcomes of more liberal laws in other countries. In his discussion of abortion, Wilson highlights parallels between Australian and New Zealand laws, noting that modern contraception has not diminished the need for abortions, which often leads individuals to seek illegal alternatives, inviting police corruption as evidenced by a recent inquiry in Australia. He proposes legalising abortion under conditions such as risks to the mother's health, potential disabilities in newborns, or pregnancies resulting from unlawful intercourse. Regarding prostitution, while activities like brothel-keeping and soliciting are illegal, Wilson points out that prostitution itself is not, resulting in a complex, often hypocritical relationship with law enforcement. His interviews with sex workers reveal that many become desensitised and fearful, trapped in their profession due to financial dependence and loss of respectability. He argues that prostitution serves those who might struggle to find sexual outlets otherwise and suggests that “free” love poses more danger to family life than controlled prostitution. He advocates for licensing of prostitutes and brothels while maintaining criminalisation of street solicitation. On homosexuality, Wilson notes that current laws cause significant distress for a large population, despite widespread public disapproval. He cites misunderstandings linking homosexuality to paedophilia, a term that misrepresents the majority of homosexuals. The author elucidates the often reprehensible methods employed by authorities in policing homosexual activity and finds that punitive measures do not deter such behaviour and may even exacerbate it. His perspective illustrates a majority imposing punitive measures on a minority simply for being different. Despite acknowledging that legalising these activities does not equate to moral endorsement, Wilson presents a convincing argument for law reform to address the inconsistencies in the treatment of these issues. He asserts that reform could mitigate the exploitation and criminal activities associated with the current legal status of abortion, prostitution, and homosexuality. While the book is tailored for an Australian audience, it raises universal questions about the complexities of sexual ethics, legality, and societal norms. Overall, Wilson's work is characterised by rigor and compassion, offering a thorough exploration of these contentious issues without shying away from their societal implications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710717_2_75_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710717.2.75.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,48513600
6566,17,07,1971,"U.s. Moves To Curb Prying (Press, 17 July 1971)","The issue of invasion of privacy has shifted from a concern that primarily affected the wealthy and famous to a widespread anxiety affecting nearly all adults in America. The rise of credit reporting agencies, now numbering approximately 2,500, coincides with a surge in consumer credit spending reaching about $9,000 million a month. These agencies compile extensive dossiers on individuals, with 105 million Americans already having their personal details recorded by member organisations of the Association of Credit Bureaus of America. The information stored by these agencies includes ""hard data,"" which pertains to concrete details such as employment history and payment records. However, this data is often fraught with inaccuracies due to clerical errors, making it easier to rectify than ""soft data,"" which consists of gossip or subjective opinions about individuals. Despite the significant impact that the information contained in these files can have on people’s lives, the ability to inspect and correct these records has been limited until recently. In April 1971, the Fair Credit Reporting Act was enacted, granting individuals the right to challenge the information held about them. Previously, credit bureaus could distribute dubious information without fear of legal repercussions. With the new legislation, if a credit or employment application is denied based on a report, the individual must be informed of the agency that supplied the information, enabling them to view their file and request corrections. Consumer advocate Ralph Nader commented on the pitfalls of these reports, noting that opinions and hearsay often contribute to inaccuracies. He highlighted the rushed nature of inquiries, which typically allow only about 40 minutes per report, inclusive of travel time. This timeframe does not accommodate thorough fact-checking, allowing for misreporting driven by pressure to meet quotas for derogatory information. One notable case involves the Retail Credit Company, which refused an insurance policy to two women based on unfounded moral criticisms derived from neighbourly gossip. The agency did not allow the women to challenge or understand the basis for this refusal. The Fair Credit Reporting Act requires agencies to verify or delete disputed information, yet critics point out that the sources of the data remain confidential, complicating the accuracy validation process. Professor Alan F. Westin of Columbia University calls for stricter regulations on the type of information that credit agencies can collect and disclose, including necessary mechanisms for individuals to challenge inaccuracies and a public review agency for dispute resolution. The shift towards recognising and protecting individual privacy in the face of pervasive credit reporting practices marks a significant change in American consumer rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710717_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710717.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,48513600
7721,20,07,1971,"‘angry’ At Jibes (Press, 20 July 1971)","On 20 July 1971, the ""Daily Mail"" reported that the Lions Rugby team is expressing anger over derogatory remarks made towards them during a recent match against Hawke’s Bay in New Zealand. The team secured a victory with a score of 25-6, but their performance was met with hostility both on the field and from the crowd. Spectators reportedly taunted the team with comments such as “soft Poms” and “longhaired pansies.” The criticism was heightened due to the Lions' dominant performance, which left many local fans feeling resentful. The article highlights the tensions resulting from the Lions' success in the match as well as their frustrations with what they deemed unsportsmanlike behaviour from the audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710720_2_150.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710720.2.150,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,48772800
4456,21,07,1971,"U.s. Military Policy On Homosexuals Criticised (Press, 21 July 1971)","A study conducted by the Institute for Sex Research, founded by Dr Alfred Kinsey, has revealed criticisms regarding the United States military's policies towards homosexuals. The authors of the study, Drs Martin Weinberg and Colin Williams, describe the current military stance as ""unwise, unjust, and essentially unenforceable."" They assert that many homosexual servicemen serve honourably and argue that if an individual's sexual orientation does not interfere with their military duties, it should not be a concern for military officials. The study highlights that between 2,000 and 3,000 servicemen among the approximate three million active duty personnel each year receive less than honourable discharges due to their homosexuality. However, it is noted that over 90 per cent of servicemen are discharged honourably, indicating that a majority remain undiscovered by the military. Despite this, the military continues to bar homosexuals and individuals suspected of homosexual tendencies from service. The research, titled ""Homosexuals and the Military,"" focuses on two main aspects: the discovery process leading to dishonourable discharges for homosexuality and the resultant social and psychological effects of such discharges. The study included a sample of 64 men connected to two homosexual organisations. Within the sample, half had received dishonourable discharges for homosexuality, while the other half had been honourably discharged. The authors discovered the main ways homosexuals were found out consisted of being reported by others (54 per cent), voluntary admissions typically made to gain release from service (29 per cent), and instances of their own indiscreet behaviour (16 per cent). It was also noted that those who had received less than honourable discharges had engaged in more homosexual activity prior to their military induction compared to those who received honourable discharges. While the study found that most of those discharged dishonourably did not suffer significant long-term psychological or social repercussions, exceptions were noted for individuals seeking government employment or security clearance. These men, likely due to their discharge status, were more frequently identified by friends and family as homosexuals and showed tendencies toward considering or attempting suicide. This research, initiated four years prior to the report, raises significant questions about the military's handling of homosexuals and the implications of its policies on those individuals' lives, calling for a reassessment of current practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710721_2_192.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710721.2.192,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,48859200
6567,28,07,1971,"Sex Change Woman Sues Her Former Spouse (Press, 28 July 1971)","In a notable legal case in Santa Ana, California, Mrs Doris Burnell has initiated a lawsuit against her ex-husband, Maurice Burnell, who has transitioned to being a woman. The case was filed on 27 July 1971, in the Orange County Superior Court. Mrs Burnell is seeking damages of $1 million, claiming that her husband’s sex reassignment deprived her of a spouse despite her objections to the procedure. In addition to Maurice, Mrs Burnell has named Dr Roy Catazone, the Hollywood physician who performed the sex-change operation, as a co-defendant. According to her lawyer, Mr Robert Tuller, Mrs Burnell tried to dissuade Maurice and Dr Catazone from proceeding with the operation by using various means, including counsel and emotional appeals. The couple, who were married in 1964, had no children together but raised Maurice's two daughters from a previous marriage. Mr Tuller indicated that this transition has significantly affected the teenage daughters, leading to feelings of embarrassment and emotional distress each time they see their father as a woman. Mrs Burnell expressed her shock over the sudden desire of her husband to change genders, stating that it developed in a very brief period and left her “ill, excited and so nervous” to the point of suffering a collapse. Following the gender reassignment in July 1970, Mrs Burnell separated from Maurice. In her lawsuit, she claims damages for the intentional interference with her marital contract and the intentional infliction of mental suffering. The case highlights not only the complexities surrounding gender identity but also the emotional and legal ramifications that can arise within marriages during such life-altering transitions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710728_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710728.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,49464000
4457,03,08,1971,"No Change In Law (Press, 3 August 1971)","On 1 August 1971, during a Young National conference in Dunedin, New Zealand Prime Minister Sir Keith Holyoake announced that the government had decided against amending the law regarding homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. His statement came in response to a query from Mr M. Fraser, a member of parliament from Karori, concerning the lack of action following a resolution from the previous year's conference that called for legal reform on this issue. Sir Keith indicated that both the Cabinet and the government caucus had thoroughly deliberated the matter before arriving at their decision, which he qualified as possibly wise or otherwise.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710803_2_195.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710803.2.195,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,49982400
4458,05,08,1971,"'Rebuff’ To Law Reformers (Press, 5 August 1971)","The Cabinet and caucus of New Zealand's Government have decided not to reform the law that prohibits homosexual acts between consenting adult men in private. This decision is being interpreted by the Homosexual Law Reform Society as a failure to respond to shifting public sentiment. Professor J. H. Robb, the president of the society, remarked on the Prime Minister Sir Keith Holyoake's comments at the Young Nationalists' conference in Dunedin, indicating that this stance represents a setback for younger members of the National Party who previously advocated for changes in party policy regarding this issue. The younger party members seek social justice, arguing that granting equality before the law to the estimated 45,000 to 50,000 homosexual men in New Zealand would not harm the wider community. Professor Robb noted that the Government's choice appears to disregard the views of several religious groups, including the Methodist and Presbyterian Churches, the Associated Churches of Christ, the Quakers, and certain influential voices within the Anglican community. Support for legal reform also comes from organisations such as the Jaycees and the Council for Civil Liberties, suggesting a substantial base of responsible opinion in favour of change. Professor Robb highlighted the inconsistency in the Prime Minister’s position, pointing out that Sir Keith had previously acknowledged a shift in public opinion on the matter. This inconsistency raises questions about the rationale behind the Government’s decision, as expressed by the Prime Minister’s uncertain affirmation that the decision was made “wisely or not.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710805_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710805.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,50155200
4459,05,08,1971,"Drug Reduces Sex Drive (Press, 5 August 1971)","A new drug aimed at reducing excessive male sex drive is generating significant interest in West Germany's police and legal sectors as a potential treatment for sexual offenders. Tested on 547 men across West Germany and Switzerland, the drug, an anti-androgen produced by the company Schering A. G. based in Berlin, has been submitted for certification by the West German Health Agency. Although approval is not anticipated until late 1971, some courts in West Germany are already offering the drug to sex offenders as an alternative to imprisonment. The drug, which is administered in tablet form, works by countering the effects of the androgen hormone, responsible for sexual desire, sperm production, and potency in men. Schering A. G. has stated that while the drug inhibits sperm cell production, it does not chemically castrate patients and allows full restoration of sexual function within six months of ceasing treatment. The implications of the drug also extend to females as it may help manage excessive male hormone production, leading to abnormal hair growth and masculine traits. Despite the promising research, Schering A. G. anticipates a limited market for the drug due to high research and production costs. The potential for the drug's application was first noted in female rats, where the substance caused a surprising outcome in offspring. Following eight years of research and clinical testing, the company is keen on its introduction to the legal system for managing sexual offenders. Legal authorities in West Germany foresee a scenario where individuals guilty of sexual offences might avoid incarceration in favour of undergoing therapy with this drug, combined with psychiatric treatment to address the sources of their sexual behaviour. The drug's compliance may be ensured through injection form. Schering A. G. estimates that approximately 40 per cent of the offenders likely to be treated may be child molesters, with additional categories including exhibitionists, rapists, arsonists classified as sexual deviants, and individuals with non-criminal tendencies, such as transvestites. The unique approach of using a pharmacological solution to address sexual aggression is raising both hope and caution in legal contexts across West Germany.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710805_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710805.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,50155200
4460,12,08,1971,"Reforming The Law On Homosexuality (Press, 12 August 1971)","The annual conference of the National Party in New Zealand, held a year prior to August 1971, adopted a remit encouraging the Government to revise the laws concerning homosexual acts, aligning them with principles found in English law. Although this decision did not obligate the Government to introduce new legislation, it indicated a growing acceptance for change within the party and demonstrated that public opposition had lessened compared to previous years. The article argues that the Government must take a leading role in informing the public on the subject, as there is a general lack of awareness and understanding among the population regarding homosexuality, which often leads to prejudice. It is noted that the societal view of homosexuality, particularly among Anglo-Saxon communities, has traditionally been negative, often rooted in Judaic moral codes. These codes perceived homosexuality as a significant sin compared to other sexual behaviours such as pre-marital and extra-marital relations, motivated possibly by a desire to maintain reproduction rates. The article highlights that legal action against homosexual acts fails to address the underlying condition and argues that punishing such behaviour with imprisonment does more harm than good. Furthermore, it points out that the existing laws, which were hastily established in Britain and later adopted in New Zealand, exhibit inconsistencies. Notably, they do not apply to homosexual women and do not adequately address issues like fornication and adultery, which could be deemed more socially disruptive. Many religious leaders have expressed opposition to the current legal stance, indicating that it contributes to social issues such as blackmail and suicide while obstructing the potential for medical and social support for homosexuals. Despite the Prime Minister's recent statement indicating that the Government caucus was against reforming the law, the article advocates for an urgent re-evaluation by Parliament. It argues that a better understanding of the issues surrounding homosexuality could lead to widespread acceptance of law reform in New Zealand, paralleling changes observed in Britain and other nations. It suggests that open discussions and a more informed public could facilitate a much-needed shift in perspective regarding the treatment of homosexual behaviour within the legal system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710812_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710812.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,50760000
4461,18,08,1971,"Comment On Editorial (Press, 18 August 1971)","In an editorial published on 12 August 1971 in ""The Press,"" the claim was made that ""few men come before the courts because of mutually consenting homosexual behaviour."" This statement was met with criticism from Mr. J. W. Goodwin, the secretary of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, who labelled it as ""wishful thinking."" In his response to the editorial, Mr. Goodwin pointed out that the Justice Department does not maintain statistics in a manner that allows for easy identification of convictions related to homosexual acts. He noted an improvement in law enforcement, where fewer convicted homosexuals are sent to prison, and fines for such offences don't often attract media attention. Mr. Goodwin highlighted that many cases remain unreported in local courts, which, while beneficial in some respects, obscures the persistent threat faced by an estimated 45,000 to 50,000 adult homosexual men in New Zealand. He stressed that efforts for reform are still urgently needed despite the misleading impression that the law is rarely enforced. Mr. Goodwin further remarked that the editorial, along with similar ones from recent years, has played a key role in shifting public perception from prejudice towards reasoned understanding. He referenced the historical context of the law, indicating that the legislation criminalising homosexual acts in private had been hastily introduced in Britain 76 years earlier, but that it was repealed four years prior. He argued that the repeal led to positive outcomes, with many homosexuals seeking counselling and gaining the understanding necessary to lead fulfilling social lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710818_2_163.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710818.2.163,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,51278400
4462,19,08,1971,"Law Students’ Group Re-established (Press, 19 August 1971)","The New Zealand Law Students’ Association, recently reformed after eight years, is establishing centres in Auckland, Wellington, Dunedin, and Christchurch to provide legal advice to university students. The initiative, driven by the Canterbury Law Students’ Society, aims to create a focused and principled pressure group addressing legal education, law reform, and the welfare of the approximately 2,000 law students across the country. Mr S. J. Taylor, the president of the Canterbury Law Students’ Society, articulated the association's goals, which include promoting law students' awareness of their responsibilities towards their communities. The association's policy advocates for the repeal of discriminatory laws against women, the expansion of access to legal aid, and ensuring all individuals accused of crimes are informed of their legal rights. Additionally, it emphasises the overcrowding issue in New Zealand’s law schools. In line with its reform agenda, Mr Taylor mentioned the forthcoming examination of laws concerning homosexual offences and race relations, indicating that broader legal reforms should become a part of law students' academic curriculum. The Law Students’ Association, with Mr C. Anastatiou from Wellington as its president, plans to conduct two council meetings each year, timed to coincide with meetings of the New Zealand University Students’ Association, with which it maintains a close relationship.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710819_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710819.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,51364800
7338,26,08,1971,"The Container Dispute: Need For Lesser Voices (Press, 26 August 1971)","On 26 August 1971, extensive television news coverage captured public interest in the ongoing negotiations surrounding the ACT 3, which was anchored in Wellington Harbour. The negotiations were critical due to the significance of containerisation for New Zealand's export-dependent economy. Disruptions in the flow of goods posed serious threats that the nation took seriously, leading to a continuous stream of news bulletins throughout the weekend. Reports included statements from the meeting's chairman, union leaders, employers, and Labour Minister Mr Marshall, reflecting a wide range of perspectives on the negotiations. However, some commentators noted a missed opportunity to include the voices of rank-and-file watersiders and those in the export sector who were directly affected by the situation, as their insights might have added depth to the discussion. In contrast, a segment on ""Gallery"" featured Father Felix Donnelly, who founded Auckland’s ""Youth Line,"" providing a thoughtful perspective on youth issues, which was well-received. Additionally, viewers saw heartwarming moments in “The South Tonight,” which showcased a pirate party for orphans aboard H.M.S. Glamorgan, offering a welcome break from the sombre news. Public reactions to the NZBC singalong programme ""Those Were the Days"" varied, with some finding it amateurish and inauthentic, particularly regarding its bar scene portrayal. Despite these criticisms, the show was deemed pleasant entertainment by others. Performers such as Lee Grant and Mark Pedrotti were highlighted for their professionalism, while another singer, suspected to be Rex Blanchette, gained attention for his comedic portrayal of Donald’s underwear. The television series ""Callan"" also received praise, particularly for Edward Woodward’s portrayal of the titular character, whose cold efficiency stood out. An appearance by a young actor, previously seen in “The Troubleshooters,” was noted for being more convincing as a Chinese double agent than in his prior role. Overall, the news coverage reflected a nation on edge due to impending economic implications while balancing this with stories that provided a sense of community and lighter moments in a time of turbulence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710826_2_28_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710826.2.28.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,51969600
6858,27,08,1971,"Pornography Inquiry (Press, 27 August 1971)","On 26 August 1971, Lord Longford, a prominent British critic of pornography, was in Copenhagen for discussions about the effects of pornography on society. He had previously declined an invitation to participate in a provocative event at a local sex club, which involved whipping a male transvestite. In Denmark, Lord Longford met with two bishops over lunch to further explore his concerns about pornography, and he also engaged with officials from the Danish Foreign Ministry. The officials presented a compelling argument in favour of liberalising pornography laws; however, Lord Longford remained unconvinced by their perspective. As part of his investigative efforts, Lord Longford's team began fieldwork in Denmark, with each member visiting two sex clubs known for their live shows featuring explicit acts. When asked by a Danish journalist about his feelings after attending such performances, Lord Longford commented that he was not emotionally affected by the shows but acknowledged that he might have been had he stayed longer, indicating a limit to his tolerance. While at one establishment, he left abruptly when a performer unexpectedly handed him a whip, only to realise the performer was a man dressed as a woman. In another club, Lord Longford departed before a significant part of the performance, despite club officials urging him to stay to witness the explicit act. Susan Pegden, the committee's 21-year-old research assistant, watched an entire performance and later described it as boring rather than shocking. Gyles Brandreth, another young member of the committee at 25, shared similar sentiments about the experience, expressing that it was not only unpleasant but also had the opposite effect of being arousing, calling it ""anaphrodisiac"". Lord Longford's visit exemplified the cultural clash between more liberal attitudes towards sexuality in Denmark and his staunch opposition to pornography, as he sought to understand the implications of such permissiveness on society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710827_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710827.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,52056000
7873,28,08,1971,"“n.z. Society Becoming Obsessed With Sex” (Press, 28 August 1971)","In a meeting held on 28 August 1971 in Christchurch, antipornography campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett spoke to an audience of around 50, expressing her concerns about what she termed New Zealand’s growing obsession with sex. She highlighted recent developments, such as the installation of contraceptive vending machines at the University of Canterbury, as indicative of society's troubling focus on sexual matters. Miss Bartlett decried the media's portrayal of women as mere sex objects, claiming that the competitive and sexually explicit nature of advertising in reputable newspapers contributed to this dehumanisation. She particularly took aim at the publishing company Wilson and Horton, calling their magazine “Thursday” an example of declining standards, as it featured a controversial six-part article series titled “Love in plain language.” Additionally, she mentioned the magazine “Playdate” for its occasional inclusion of photographs featuring nude women. She vehemently opposed pornography, arguing that it undermined sexual self-restraint and ultimately led to moral decay within society. Miss Bartlett framed the issue as one of democratic principles, suggesting that allowing the majority to exploit the minority for commercial gain was inherently wrong. She contended that pornography prioritised profit over human dignity, inflating lust while diminishing the capacity for love, and she claimed a connection between pornography consumption and criminal behaviour. During her speech, Miss Bartlett articulated a belief in the necessity of censorship, separating moral judgement from artistic considerations. She expressed concern regarding the influence of sexual explicitness on behaviour, positing that many sex offenders possessed extensive collections of pornographic material. Highlighting her activism, she stated that her petition to Parliament had garnered 23,500 signatures, advocating for amendments to the Indecent Publications Act. Her proposed changes included banning the display of restricted publications, ensuring that stocks of books under review were frozen during tribunal consideration, and transferring the responsibility of presenting required copies to the importer rather than the complainant. Miss Bartlett also drew attention to the prevalence of ""restricted"" labels on books available in bookstores, suggesting these were misleading and served only as marketing tools. She argued that the current censorship tribunal was overwhelmed and ineffective, calling it a mere façade to placate public concerns. She insisted that New Zealand required two full-time tribunals capable of managing the substantial number of books submitted for review annually to ensure proper oversight and regulation of published materials.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710828_2_149.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710828.2.149,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,52142400
7874,28,08,1971,"Disagreement On Books Continues (Press, 28 August 1971)","Miss Patricia Bartlett from Wellington has expressed strong criticism towards the Booksellers’ Association over the open display of restricted material in bookstores. In her letter, she alleges that some booksellers are ""blatantly exhibiting restricted material for all ages to see, pick up and peruse."" In response, Mr G. Tait, president of the association, defended the rights of booksellers to cater to adult customers and suggested that Miss Bartlett's concerns might inadvertently attract more interest in the restricted books than the booksellers themselves. Miss Bartlett cited her disappointment with the London Bookshop's branch in Wellington, a member of the association, alleging that during her visits over the last two years, she consistently found restricted materials such as ""The Last Exit to Brooklyn,"" ""Walter, My Secret Life,"" ""Fanny Hill,"" and ""The Jewel in the Lotus"" openly displayed. She pointed out that children visiting the store would have to pass by these materials, thereby increasing the temptation to engage with them. Despite reporting the situation to the Wellington police on two occasions, she claimed that the materials remained available for public viewing. She also noted the presence of similar material at another unnamed bookstore and raised concerns about advertising in two weekly newspapers and on the N.Z.B.C., which promoted ""Man and Woman"" during times when children were likely to be listening, including breakfast and tea hours. Mr Tait's reply prioritised the legal right of booksellers to display and sell adult literature, asserting that disregarding the adult clientele would be equally inappropriate as overlooking children's interests. He refuted Miss Bartlett's claims by highlighting the tribunal's endorsement of the publication under specific restrictions and pointed out that some parents choose to buy such books for their children, indicating a level of trust in their children's discretion. Tait acknowledged that while the association promotes public interest, Miss Bartlett's actions might be counterproductive, suggesting that her public denunciations of certain materials only fuelled the interest in them. His assertion underscored the association's commitment to balancing the responsibilities they hold towards their adult customers while also emphasising the importance of parental responsibility in monitoring what children are exposed to. He concluded by noting that Miss Bartlett's increased focus on pornography inadvertently amplified its allure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710828_2_151.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710828.2.151,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,52142400
3971,31,08,1971,"Homosexuals In Protest March (Press, 31 August 1971)","On 30 August 1971, a significant demonstration took place in London, where between 400 and 500 members of the Gay Liberation Front protested against the Sexual Offences Act, which restricts homosexual relations to individuals who are over the age of 21. The protest featured participants who expressed themselves through public displays of affection, including kissing and cuddling, in a bid to challenge the oppressive nature of the law. Many of the demonstrators were dressed in women’s clothing and they marched through the streets accompanied by a considerable police presence. The march culminated in Trafalgar Square, where onlookers were invited to identify those who were over 21, affirming their sense of identity and rights. In a parallel event, a group of about 100 members of Canada’s Gay Liberation movement gathered in Ottawa under umbrellas at Parliament Hill amidst heavy rain. They demonstrated for social equality for homosexuals, chanting slogans such as “two, four, six, eight—gay is just as good as straight.” Notable signs bore messages like “End heterosexual imperialism” and “Out of the closets and into the streets,” reflecting the activists' demands for greater recognition and rights. The Canadian demonstrators sought to express their frustrations regarding the progress of homosexual rights. Even though a law passed two years prior had legalised homosexual acts between consenting adults, critics argued that little had changed in terms of equality and rights for gay individuals. They felt that their voices had not been adequately heard by the government, as they unsuccessfully attempted to find representatives to address a lengthy list of grievances they had prepared. These demonstrations in both London and Ottawa highlight a growing movement for LGBTQ+ rights during the early 1970s, as activists continued to fight against discriminatory laws and societal norms, advocating for acceptance and equality.","Gay Liberation Front (UK)",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710831_2_176.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710831.2.176,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,52401600
4463,09,09,1971,"Man Remanded On Shotgun Charge (Press, 9 September 1971)","On 8 September 1971, in Auckland, Mr D. G. Sinclair, a magistrate, ordered a psychiatric evaluation for a man who had threatened a sports shop assistant at gunpoint. The incident occurred earlier in the week on Tuesday when the man entered an Onehunga sports shop and asked to see shotguns. While the assistant was distracted, the man loaded a 12-gauge shotgun and aimed it at the assistant's feet, instructing him to step outside. The assistant, however, managed to take the gun from him and placed it on the counter. Following this, the man exited the shop and was found on the street carrying 10 shotgun cartridges. The defendant, whose name has been suppressed, had pleaded guilty to charges related to the unlawful possession of the firearm and ammunition. He was remanded in custody until 15 September, pending a probation report and sentencing. During the proceedings, Senior-Sergeant R. V. Downie reported that the defendant claimed his actions were related to suicidal thoughts stemming from his homosexuality and a prolonged period of unsuccessful medical treatment. His counsel, Mr D. R. Lange, described the incident as an act of self-destruction rather than a motive to harm others.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710909_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710909.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,53179200
4464,18,09,1971,"A Politician's Fall (Press, 18 September 1971)","In ""To Fall Like Lucifer,"" author Ian Harvey, a former junior Minister in the Macmillan Conservative Government, reflects on his life following a significant scandal that arose from his arrest for homosexual conduct in St James’s Park in London in November 1958. This incident, which occurred at a time when homosexuality was still criminalised in Britain, led to a nationwide scandal and ultimately resulted in his resignation from the House of Commons. Despite his efforts to reintegrate into society after this event, Harvey reveals that he faced substantial difficulties, particularly in maintaining relationships with former friends and colleagues, many of whom distanced themselves from him due to the stigma associated with his past. The book not only recounts Harvey's political experiences and his personal turmoil but also engages in a broader discussion on the societal attitudes towards homosexuality at the time. He examines legislative developments such as the Sexual Offences Act 1967 and the Wolfenden Committee Report of 1957, which aimed to reform laws surrounding homosexuality. Harvey's narrative is filled with reflections on the lasting impact of his arrest, asserting the statement made by his counsel during his trial—that he would suffer for the rest of his life due to his actions. While Harvey is open about his experiences and feelings, the reviewer expresses more sympathy for his two young daughters and their mother, commending her bravery in standing by him for the sake of their family. The first part of the book touches upon Harvey's political career and interactions with notable figures within the Conservative Party, including Edward Heath, Enoch Powell, Reginald Maudling, and lain McLeod, with whom Harvey served alongside as a Member of Parliament beginning in 1950. Harvey's reflections on Edward Heath are particularly noteworthy; he emphasizes Heath's potential as a leader, suggesting that he could be one of the best Prime Ministers the Conservatives have had, citing commendations from Jo Grimond, the Liberal Party leader, about Heath’s integrity and leadership qualities. Through this work, Harvey sheds light on his personal journey amidst the backdrop of political life and the evolving perceptions of homosexuality in British society during the late 1950s and early 1960s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710918_2_83_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710918.2.83.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,53956800
4465,25,09,1971,"An Early Missionary’s Tale (Press, 25 September 1971)","The book ""An Account of New Zealand, and of The Church Missionary Society's Mission In the North Island,"" written by William Yate and edited by Judith Binney, was published by A. H. and A. W. Reed. First released in 1835, this re-issue comes at a time when New Zealand historians and anthropologists are increasingly interested in the work of early missionaries. Judith Binney's introduction offers a compelling overview of Yate’s life and his subsequent expulsion from the Church Missionary Society due to informal accusations of homosexual practices. This incident effectively ended his religious career, and the response from his fellow missionaries involved significant hostility, including rituals that symbolically condemned him. Yate's commitment to studying Maori culture often put him at odds with the prevailing missionary attitudes of his time. Though he engaged deeply with Maori customs, he did so through a Christian lens, reflecting a complex dynamic between acceptance and critique. His writings not only explore Maori customs but also provide descriptions of New Zealand's natural environment, including its flora, fauna, and geography. While the work is chiefly a historical account of early 19th-century New Zealand, it also sheds light on the perspectives and behaviours of the early missionaries, indicating a spectrum of belief and practice within the missionary community. Despite the book’s historical significance, it contains inaccuracies that were noted by readers of Yate's time. The review mentions that it would have been beneficial for the editor, Judith Binney, to include detailed annotations addressing these errors and the author’s biases. The re-issue itself is described as a high-quality photolithographic facsimile of the second edition, although its pricing raises concerns about accessibility for general readers who might prefer a more affordable version. Overall, this re-publication is expected to find an audience due to the growing contemporary interest in the early missionary efforts in New Zealand and the intriguing, albeit contentious, figure of William Yate himself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710925_2_75_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710925.2.75.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,54561600
7875,25,09,1971,"General News (Press, 25 September 1971)","On 25 September 1971, a revised balance-sheet released by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand has stirred attention as it corrects six entries from the previous annual report. The amendments involve minor adjustments, with five entries altered by $1 or a fractional amount, while a more significant change involves a transposition of figures that affects total balances by $270,000. Despite these revisions, the overall totals for assets and liabilities within the bank’s records remain the same. Additionally, a weather report from around the world indicates a variety of conditions on the same day. Major cities experienced different weather patterns, with Rome enjoying sunny weather and temperatures ranging from a minimum of 11 degrees to a maximum of 26 degrees. Other notable weather conditions included sunny skies in London and Berlin, with temperature ranges of 15 to 23 degrees and 8 to 23 degrees respectively. Meanwhile, cities like Amsterdam and Brussels observed overcast conditions, and New York and Los Angeles reported clear skies with temperatures varying from 14 to 22 degrees and 17 to 24 degrees, respectively. Cities further afield, including Buenos Aires, Montreal, and Johannesburg, also presented an assortment of clear or cloudy weather with moderate temperatures. In political news, a significant petition signed by 10,656 individuals has been presented to Parliament by Mr T. J. Young (Lab., Hutt). This petition advocates for amendments to the Indecent Publications Act of 1963 and its subsequent regulations from 1964. It was sponsored by Mr H. T. Robinson, president of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, and follows a similar petition submitted the previous year, which garnered the support of 13,382 signatures led by Miss Patricia Bartlett. The Petitions Committee is set to review both petitions on 13 October 1971.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710925_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710925.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,54561600
3972,30,09,1971,"War On Moral Pollution (Press, 30 September 1971)","On 30 September 1971, around 30,000 campaigners gathered in Trafalgar Square, London, for the ""Festival of Light,"" an event aimed at combating pornography and moral degradation in society. Armed with hymn sheets and backed by notable figures such as Prince Charles and singer Cliff Richard, the attendees sang loud choruses of ""Hallelujah!"" to promote their message of purity, love, and family values. The gathering called for new censorship laws, tighter controls on sex education in schools, and government intervention to tackle what they referred to as ""the vile commerce in cruelty, perversion, and loveless sex."" Despite these calls for reform, the event faced opposition from a small group of approximately 200 members of the Gay Liberation Front, who attempted to disrupt the rally. However, their protests were largely ignored and drowned out by the cheers and singing from the main crowd. Some hecklers, dressed in religious attire, were asked to leave by police. Overall, the demonstration was described as cheerful and peaceful, with 27 individuals arrested for charges related to insulting behaviour and assault. One clergyman commented on the demonstration, suggesting it was a significant event opposing the permissive social climate of the time. A letter expressing Prince Charles's support was read to participants, reinforcing the Royal connection to the campaign. However, the British Humanist Association responded to the Prince's involvement with criticism, arguing that he was out of touch with contemporary society and that his advisers should have a better understanding of the issues facing modern Britain. Kenneth Furness, the general secretary of the Humanist Association, expressed concern over the Prince’s support for what he termed the ""lunatic fringe"" of the Christian Church. He stated that the focus on moral issues such as those raised in Trafalgar Square detracted from more pressing concerns, such as unemployment, educational failures, and the struggles of the poor. Furness lamented that the rallying cries of ""Onward, Christian Soldiers"" did little to address the real socio-economic challenges facing society, accusing Prince Charles of promoting outdated beliefs rather than engaging with the more relevant issues impacting everyday citizens. Overall, the Festival of Light drew significant attention, highlighting a divide in societal views on morality and prompting discussions on the role of religion in addressing contemporary social problems.","Gay Liberation Front (UK)",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19710930_2_166.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19710930.2.166,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,54993600
7876,04,10,1971,"Changed Censorship Urged (Press, 4 October 1971)","At a seminar held on 2 October 1971 by the University of Canterbury Film Society, Mr W. N. Sheat, a member of the Film Censorship Appeal Board, highlighted the inadequacies of New Zealand's film censorship guidelines. He expressed that the current regulations, which operate under the assumption of a ""uniform society,"" are outdated given the evolving nature of cinema and its realism in dialogue and subjects. Sheat defended the work of the chief censor, Mr D. C. Mclntosh, but argued for a redefinition of the guidelines to better reflect contemporary film-going patterns. According to Sheat, the current R18 rating failed to recognise the diversity of the audience, suggesting that the majority of objections to films often came from middle-aged viewers who based their tastes on standards set two decades prior. He pointed out the inadequacies of the current censorship board, which includes a magistrate and a retired principal, to represent the broader society’s views adequately. During his tenure of two and a half years on the board, Sheat indicated that the board had reviewed a limited number of films, with only two films in his first year being examined, both of which were rejected by the censor. In one instance, the board imposed restrictions on the film ""The Balcony,"" limiting its viewing to approved film societies, a decision that was met with discontent from the film’s distributor. By the time of the seminar, the board had reviewed 19 films, with 14 occurring that year alone, upholding censorship decisions on films such as ""Myra Breckenridge"" and ""Performance."" In some cases, cuts that had been mandated were reinstated, allowing for a more artistically justified viewing experience. Sheat also mentioned the positive aspect of New Zealand's film industry in that it had largely avoided an influx of low-quality films, often referred to as ""sexploitation"" or ""skin flicks,"" which were designed to exploit shifts in moral attitudes and attempts at more liberal censorship. Moreover, he clarified that any public exhibition of ""Swedish stag films,"" which were being advertised in local strip clubs, would need prior approval from the censor, or else police intervention might follow. This discussion underlined the complex nature of film censorship in New Zealand and the challenges of keeping laws relevant in a rapidly changing societal landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711004_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711004.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,55339200
4466,08,10,1971,"Sex Law Retained Bible Quoted In California (Press, 8 October 1971)","On 7 October 1971, the California Assembly voted on a bill aimed at repealing outdated laws against homosexuality and other ""unnatural acts"" between consenting adults. The legislation, introduced by Assembly member William Brown from San Francisco, sought to change sections of the California State Penal Code that could potentially lead to the imprisonment of couples for engaging in consensual activities in their own homes. Brown argued that these laws were antiquated and unjust, as they could target any married couple involved in what the law deemed “unnatural acts.” However, the bill failed to pass, garnering only 29 votes in favour compared to 38 against. The opposition primarily came from conservative Republicans in southern California. These lawmakers voiced strong objections based on their interpretation of Biblical doctrine, arguing that the repeal would effectively legalise homosexuality in private settings. Richard Barnes, an Assembly member from San Diego, quoted the Bible, stating, “Thou Shalt not lie with a man as with a woman. It is an abomination,” while his colleague Frank Lanterman proclaimed that California's capital should not resemble “Sodom and Gomorrah.” The debate highlighted the tension between progressive and conservative values in California at the time. Some Democrats, like Richard Burton, who represented a district with a significant homosexual population, acknowledged the harshness of Biblical mandates but noted the extreme nature of endorsing capital punishment for such activities, implying a more moderate stance on the issue. Ultimately, the Assembly's decision reflected the prevailing societal attitudes and resistance to change, illustrating the complexities surrounding the legal and moral discussions around homosexuality during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711008_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711008.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,55684800
4467,13,10,1971,"Homosexuality Decision (Press, 13 October 1971)","On 12 October 1971, the Anglican Synod in Melbourne voted to support the legalisation of homosexual acts in private between consenting males. This decision followed a report from the synod's social questions committee, which was chaired by barrister Mr J. F. Patrick. During the debate, Mr Patrick highlighted the estimated figure of 100,000 homosexual Anglicans in Australia, asserting that if homosexual acts do not harm society, there should be no criminal penalties imposed upon them. He framed the issue as one between the individual and God, rather than society and the individual. Mr Patrick noted that Anglican doctrine does not categorically label homosexuality as a sin, and the committee’s report deliberately refrained from taking a stance on the moral implications of homosexual acts. He clarified that the report was not a proclamation of support for homosexuality, but rather a call for a more compassionate societal perspective towards homosexual individuals. He characterised current laws against homosexuality as unjust, cruel, and unkind. While advocating for the decriminalisation of private homosexual acts, the report did stipulate certain conditions under which such acts should still be punishable. These included situations where one partner is forced into an act, instances where consent is deemed ineffective, acts conducted in public, and interactions involving individuals under the age of 18. Additionally, the report recommended maintaining the illegality of homosexual acts within the armed forces, citing the need for discipline and mutual respect among service members.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711013_2_150.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711013.2.150,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,56116800
7877,14,10,1971,"""free Society Must Stay Open To World Trends” (Press, 14 October 1971)","On 14 October 1971, the New Zealand Press reported on a meeting of the Parliamentary Petitions Committee in Wellington, which assessed four petitions requesting changes to the sale and display regulations of what were deemed indecent publications. The petitions, led by Miss Patricia Bartlett and supported by over 13,000 signatures, aimed to modify the Indecent Publications Act to restrict access to certain books, magazines, and sound recordings for young people. They proposed that any material assessed by the Indecent Publications Tribunal should not be available for sale until the tribunal reached a decision. The Justice Department, represented by Secretary for Justice Mr E. A. Misson, argued against creating a ""cultural Iron Curtain"" that would isolate New Zealand from global trends in literature and culture. They expressed concerns that implementing such restrictions would undermine New Zealand's identity as a free society and noted that prevailing community standards had evolved since previous generations. During the discussions, Mr G. J. Cameron from the Justice Department highlighted the complexities arising from the proposed limitations. He pointed out that enforcing such restrictions would require booksellers to hide not only prohibited books but also those that had received commendation from the tribunal. He noted that the classification system would lose its value if certain undesirable publications could be publicly displayed without consequence, while works deemed acceptable might have to be obscured from view. The department also raised legal principles at stake, such as the presumption of innocence, which maintains that no publication should be deemed inappropriate without evidence of its indecency. Additionally, they noted the long-standing principle of no precensorship, except for films in special circumstances. The potential legal ramifications of adopting the petitioners' suggestions were significant enough that the department acknowledged they would have to exercise greater caution in referencing publications to the tribunal if these changes were enacted. The Booksellers’ Association, whose president Mr G. Tait spoke during the hearings, asserted that their members already refrained from selling restricted books to minors and were conscious of their dual responsibilities towards both adult and youthful customers. Tait pointed out that no members had faced legal repercussions for selling restricted books, and he stressed that the petitions unfairly implied unscrupulousness among booksellers regarding sales practices. The debate highlighted differing views on the balance between protecting young people and maintaining a free society open to diverse ideas. The committee plans to convene again the following Wednesday to continue examining the issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711014_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711014.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,56203200
7878,14,10,1971,"Fines, Gaol Called For (Press, 14 October 1971)","On 13 October 1971, in Wellington, antipornography campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett presented a series of proposals to a petitions committee regarding the regulation of indecent and restricted publications. Her suggestions aimed at tightening the existing laws around the sale and display of such materials. Among her key proposals were increased fines for violations, the removal of the six-month limit for prosecutions, and the requirement for all university capping magazines to be reviewed by a tribunal prior to printing. Bartlett called for a more efficient process for referring publications to the tribunal by seeking quicker permission from the Justice Department, and she proposed the establishment of two full-time tribunals instead of the current part-time setup. She recommended that only one copy of a contested book be sent to the Minister for review, with importers supplying the remaining copies for the tribunal, as opposed to the current requirement for the applicant to provide all six copies and cover advertising costs. Additionally, she pointed out deficiencies in customs inspection, arguing that many books were being released by customs while their classification was still pending. She proposed inserting a clause in the Customs Act to impose hefty fines of up to $10,000 for importing and selling materials subsequently classified as indecent or restricted, with a prison sentence of up to 12 months on a second offence. Importers would need to submit six copies of any “doubtful” material for classification before importing larger quantities. Bartlett expressed concern that the current tribunal process lacked the inclusion of expert advice in making decisions. She suggested it should be mandated that the tribunal consult specialists, drawing a comparison to the Chief Film Censor's practice of seeking expert input for films in certain categories. Furthermore, she raised alarm over the trend of publishers and retailers advertising restricted materials to audiences under the age of 16, noting that these advertisements are now appearing on television and in newspapers, undermining the goals of the legislation meant to protect children. She proposed that it should be made illegal to advertise restricted material in any media and urged the government to instruct the tribunal's chairman to curtail what she described as “free advertising” associated with media reports on tribunal decisions. Overall, Miss Bartlett's recommendations aimed at enhancing the regulatory framework surrounding the distribution of indecent publications, ensuring greater protection for youth against inappropriate materials, and streamlining the process for legal scrutiny of potentially harmful publications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711014_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711014.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,56203200
4468,19,10,1971,"Homosexual Marriage (Press, 19 October 1971)","On 18 October 1971, the Minnesota Supreme Court announced its decision to deny a marriage licence to two homosexual men, Richard Baker and James McConnell. The Court reaffirmed that marriage is an institution exclusively between a man and a woman, a definition rooted in tradition and religious texts, notably “as old as the Book of Genesis.” Both men, aged 29, argued that the state law did not explicitly prohibit same-sex marriage. Notably, Richard Baker served as the president of the student association at the University of Minnesota, while James McConnell worked as a librarian. The Court's ruling clarified that the prohibition of same-sex marriage did not conflict with any provisions of the United States Constitution, dismissing the men's claims related to the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court maintained that the categorisation of individuals eligible for marriage did not constitute irrational or discriminatory action against the plaintiffs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711019_2_178.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711019.2.178,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,56635200
4469,22,10,1971,"Homosexuals ‘main .syphilis Carriers’ (Press, 22 October 1971)","Seventy per cent of the syphilis cases treated at a venereal disease clinic in Sydney were found to be transmitted by male homosexuals, according to Mrs Barbara Sherman, a social worker from the New South Wales Department of Health. Speaking at a conference on venereology in Christchurch, Mrs Sherman expressed that the secretive nature of the homosexual community complicated treatment efforts. However, she noted that attitudes were shifting as individuals became more aware that they could receive treatment without fear of legal consequences. Mrs Sherman emphasised that the clinic does not pass moral judgments and aims solely to provide treatment. She stated that any attempts to criticise or condemn patients could deter them from seeking help. In her view, venereal diseases are not moral issues, and confidentiality is preserved; they do not report cases of homosexually-transmitted syphilis to the police, despite such practices being illegal in Australia. This approach encourages patients to communicate openly and seek treatment, thereby helping to reach more individuals in need of care. She highlighted the misconception among many male homosexuals that they could not transmit venereal diseases. In New South Wales, approximately 4,000 cases of gonorrhoea and 500 cases of syphilis are reported annually, but Mrs Sherman believes this accounts for only about 10 per cent of the actual figures. She noted that many doctors hesitate to notify health authorities about cases, arguing it is to protect patient privacy, which further perpetuates the stigma and secrecy surrounding these diseases. Effective treatment with penicillin means that although syphilis can be dangerous if untreated, the outlook remains positive if individuals come forward for help. Mrs Sherman concluded that simply enacting laws would not resolve the issue of syphilis; rather, open communication and willingness to seek treatment are vital for addressing the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711022_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711022.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,56894400
6859,30,10,1971,"“Gallery” Grows In Stature (Press, 30 October 1971)","Critics have noted that the television programme “Gallery” suffered from a loss of impact following Brian Edwards' departure. However, a recent episode focusing on transvestites and transsexuals has prompted some to reconsider this viewpoint. The New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation's (N.Z.B.C.) production has transitioned from merely reflecting public opinion to actively tackling challenging subjects. The episode about transvestites unveiled the previously hidden aspects of their lives, effectively dispelling many misconceptions. Presenter Daime Shanahan employed a rigorous line of questioning, drawing insightful responses, particularly from two prostitutes featured. The programme provided viewers with a better understanding of urban subcultures, including terms like ""butch"" and ""drag,” through candid revelations. While the episode's content was provocative, it faced censorship early on, leading to a brief audio and visual cut soon after a transvestite spoke about his experiences on Queen Street. Fortunately, the production team, led by producer Des Monaghan, regained momentum, showcasing interviews from Mojo’s Night Club and employing skillful camera work. This episode is viewed as a significant step towards the programme’s maturation. In a separate review, the debut of a new western series, “Lancer,” in Christchurch has drawn mixed reactions. Critics found the first episode, titled “Blind Man’s Bluff,” underwhelming and lacking creativity. The characters of Murdoch Lancer and his brothers, reminiscent of classic American western heroes, did little to excite viewers. The plot featured a tedious narrative with predictable elements that concluded in a notably awkward manner. Additionally, the series “The Psychiatrist,” featuring Roy Thinnes, concluded without fanfare, offering a low note for its final episode. The storyline involved a dying golf pro, but Thinnes' performance was described as lacklustre, largely consisting of minimal dialogue and expressions. Viewers were left wondering about the series' quality, as it had failed to engage meaningfully from the outset. A programme entitled “On Camera,” produced mainly for an Auckland audience, also aired and focused on Christchurch, but it failed to provide a comprehensive portrayal of the city. While some segments on the Christchurch Cathedral and educational institutions were commendable, the overall presentation lacked depth and critical context, missing key aspects of the city's identity, such as its university architecture and involvement in the Commonwealth Games. The programme's narrow focus and stilted narration did not meet viewers' expectations, highlighting the challenges in capturing a city’s essence effectively. The collective critiques highlight a demand for higher-quality programming and a more nuanced approach to presenting diverse perspectives in New Zealand media during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711030_2_33_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711030.2.33.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,57585600
7879,04,11,1971,"“tidying” Of Indecent Publications Act Urged (Press, 4 November 1971)","On 3 November 1971, the New Zealand Police made submissions to the Parliamentary Petitions Committee regarding the Indecent Publications Act. Chief Superintendent G. A. Dallow stated that the Act did not require significant overhaul but needed some “tidying up.” He pointed out concerns regarding the six-month time limit for prosecuting booksellers, which was usually adequate but often insufficient for importers who could profit from large shipments while escaping prosecution for disseminating indecent material. This discrepancy resulted in the unjust situation where shopkeepers faced legal consequences for displaying a few indecent magazines, while importers remained unaffected. Dallow noted the ambiguity in the law concerning the public display of restricted books, which had led to mixed outcomes in recent prosecutions in Auckland and Wellington. He warned that without clarifications through amendments, future legal actions might require appeals to the Supreme Court, a course that he hoped to avoid. The Rev. J. L. S. Smith, representing around 75 Roman Catholic priests from the Wellington deanery, expressed views on the moral implications of the current publications. He advocated for changes that would allow the removal of obscene illustrations or text from publications deemed blasphemous. Father Smith argued that modern publications were contributing to a decline in moral standards and eroding respect for marriage and family life, leading New Zealand towards serious social issues such as increasing illegitimacy and delinquency. During the submissions, there was also discussion about the impact of media coverage on the sale of books that came before the Indecent Publications Tribunal. W. Boyd, circulation manager of Gordon and Gotch (N.Z.), Ltd, indicated that the publicity associated with particular titles often boosted sales but could not confirm whether naming specific titles was fair. He acknowledged that the appearance of books at the tribunal naturally drew attention to them. Questions were raised regarding the effectiveness of the company's internal tribunal in vetting books for potential indecency. Boyd explained that they relied on overseas reviews and senior staff evaluations, often seeking legal opinion for controversial works. Overall, the submissions highlighted the challenges and complexities of regulating indecent publications while signalling a need for potential amendments to clarify existing laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711104_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711104.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,58017600
7880,04,11,1971,"Miss Bartlett Challenged (Press, 4 November 1971)","On 3 November 1971, Miss Patricia Bartlett, known for her anti-pornography advocacy, faced challenges during a Parliamentary Select Committee hearing regarding her petition. The controversy arose when committee member Mr T. M. McGuigan questioned her decision to tape-record parts of the proceedings, particularly during the cross-examination of representatives from the wholesale magazine distributors, Gordon and Gotch, Ltd. Miss Bartlett defended her actions by stating that the hearing was public, and if she had possessed shorthand skills, she could have created a verbatim record. She emphasised the importance of having an accurate account of what was said rather than relying solely on her memory for details. The committee's chairman, Mr V. S. Young, agreed to permit her use of the tape recorder, reasoning that her ability to take shorthand justified this special allowance. However, he expressed concern that she had not sought prior permission for her actions, suggesting that the committee had already shown her considerable regard. Mr McGuigan expressed his strong disagreement with the chairman's decision, stating that he believed the procedure was ""completely wrong"" and asked for his dissent to be officially recorded. According to standard practices, during sessions of Parliament that are accessible to the press, accredited media representatives can take notes. However, this privilege does not apply to non-accredited reporters or members of the public. The hearing highlighted the tension between public access to parliamentary proceedings and the regulations governing how those proceedings can be recorded and reported.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711104_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711104.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,58017600
4470,11,11,1971,"Undemanding Task For Edward Woodward (Press, 11 November 1971)","In a review of the television series ""Callan,"" published on 11 November 1971, the writer noted a noticeable dip in quality for the latest episode, suggesting that Hunter had placed Callan on lighter duties. This week’s narrative was described as thin and uninspiring, falling short of the series' usual engaging standards. The reviewer pointed out that audiences appreciate and relate to heroes through heroic actions, contrasting this to other series like ""Mission Impossible"" which risk alienating viewers with overly bizarre characters and scenarios. Typically, Callan is portrayed as a credible protagonist, balancing a sense of realism with moments of suspense and practicality. However, the week’s storyline, which involved a simple confrontation with a less competent bully and the exposure of a government official being blackmailed over a past homosexual relationship, lacked the complexity and tension that fans have come to expect. Both Edward Woodward, who played Callan, and Nicholas Selby, the victim of the blackmail plot, were noted to have appeared somewhat embarrassed by the material. Despite the weaker plot, the production of ""Callan"" still demonstrated high quality, with Callan delivering a few witty exit lines and the technical team showcasing impressive visual effects through clever shot selection that did not seem forced. The review also highlighted other programmes aired that evening, commending John Kennedy's ""Column Comment"" for its clear and measured delivery, which allowed for reasonable and objective commentary. Additionally, ""Gallery"" received praise for its interviews concerning the deregistered Seamen’s Union, providing not just a recap of recent events but also new insights, particularly from historian Dr Michael Barrett, who drew parallels to the significant disturbances of 1951. ""This Way For Murder"" was mentioned as reaching a thrilling pace leading into its final episode, with the narrative convincingly engaging viewers and validating the reviewer’s suspicions regarding the integrity of a senior police figure involved in the plot. Lastly, Barry Evans's comedic performance in ""The House"" was critiqued, with the reviewer noting that his character was more humorous indoors than outdoors, with the comedy itself described as only moderately successful, despite efforts from actress Barbara Angell to elevate the quality. Overall, while not all offerings of the night hit the mark, the review acknowledged the continued high standard of production in the ""Callan"" series.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711111_2_37_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711111.2.37.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,58622400
3973,12,11,1971,"‘Miss Brazil’ Wins Contest (Press, 12 November 1971)","On November 11, 1971, Lusia Petterle, a 22-year-old medical student from Brazil, was crowned ""Miss World 1971"" in a ceremony held in London. Her victory marked a historic moment, as it was Brazil's first win in the prestigious beauty pageant, which featured 56 contestants. Miss United Kingdom, Marilyn Ward, finished as the runner-up, while Miss Portugal, Ana Paula Almeiba, secured third place. Notably, Miss New Zealand, Linda Ritchie, did not advance to the finals. The event, held at the Albert Hall, was met with significant protest from members of the Gay Liberation Front, the Young Liberals and the Women's Liberation Movement, who criticized the contest as ""the most degrading show on earth."" Demonstrators outside the venue displayed placards with provocative messages, expressing their anger and demanding more representation, such as the inclusion of a Miss Black Britain and Miss Black United States. A protestor was allowed to enter the hall to deliver a petition against the contest. The judging panel consisted of notable figures from the entertainment industry, including American actor Douglas Fairbanks Jr., film producer Sam Spiegel, and British comedian Des O'Connor. After the competition, Petterle received a £2,500 prize and opportunities to earn up to £50,000 through appearances and potential film contracts. Despite the glamor of the event, the protests highlighted ongoing societal issues regarding beauty standards and representation, reflecting a growing discontent among various advocacy groups. Petterle, with her aspirations to specialize in hormones and glands, expressed a willingness to temporarily pause her studies to engage fully in the responsibilities of being Miss World, though she emphasized her intent to return to her education afterward.","Gay Liberation Front (UK)",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711112_2_38_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711112.2.38.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,58708800
6568,16,11,1971,"Woman Sent To Prison (Press, 16 November 1971)","On 15 November 1971, Noma Tenconi, a 36-year-old married woman, was sentenced to three years' imprisonment in London for the manslaughter of New Zealand woman Barbara Doyle. Tenconi had pleaded guilty to the charge, which stemmed from the events that took place on 27 August 1971 in their flat located in Linden Gardens, Chiswick. During the court proceedings, it was revealed that Tenconi and Doyle had been involved in a lesbian relationship. The situation escalated when Doyle expressed her intention to leave the flat to start a new life with another woman. In a fit of rage, Tenconi struck Doyle on the head with an object and subsequently strangled her with a cord, leading to Doyle's death.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711116_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711116.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,59054400
7882,20,11,1971,"Information By Miss Bartlett (Press, 20 November 1971)","On 19 November 1971, a private information was filed in the Auckland Magistrate's Court against Wilson and Horton, Ltd., charging them with printing an indecent document, specifically the ""Thursday"" magazine dated 13 May. The complaint was lodged by Miss Patricia Bartlett, who also accused the company of distributing the magazine, deemed indecent for individuals under 18 years of age, to Whitcombe and Tombs in Auckland. A hearing for this case has been scheduled for 8 December 1971. In a separate matter concerning national defence, it was announced that Mr J. F. Robertson, the Secretary of Defence, along with Major-General L. A. Pearce, the Chief of the General Staff, is set to visit South-East Asia later in November 1971. Their itinerary includes Malaysia, the Republic of Vietnam, and Thailand, with plans to return to New Zealand separately by mid-December. During their visit to Singapore, General Pearce and Mr Robertson will engage in observing the operations of the A.N.Z.U.K. force that was established earlier in November, as well as hold discussions with defence and military officials in the respective countries they visit.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711120_2_179.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711120.2.179,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,59400000
7881,20,11,1971,"Outnumbered (Press, 20 November 1971)","On 20 November 1971, Mr Gordon Tait, the president of the Booksellers Association of New Zealand, remarked on an intriguing observation regarding magazine subscriptions and public sentiment towards the Indecent Publications Act. He pointed out that the monthly subscriptions to the magazine ""Playboy"" surpass the number of signatures on petitions advocating for amendments to the Act. Tait noted that while there were 26,486 signatures supporting the petitions, the magazine boasts almost 30,000 subscribers. This disparity led him to conclude that the audience for ""Playboy,"" which features explicit content, appears to significantly outnumber the advocates, including Miss Patricia Bartlett, who are against such publications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711120_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711120.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,59400000
6569,27,11,1971,"‘Dull’ Magazine Restricted (Press, 27 November 1971)","On 26 November 1971, the Indecent Publications Tribunal announced that a magazine produced by students at Lincoln College, titled ""Pizzle Rot,"" was deemed indecent for individuals under the age of 16. The tribunal's chairman, Mr R. S. V. Simpson, stated that the magazine primarily aimed to shock its readers. Following its submission to the tribunal in July, Mr Simpson characteristically described the publication as ""flat, dull, and unoriginal,"" likening it to juvenile graffiti found in public restrooms. He indicated that such expressions of creativity were typically outgrown well before one's university years. Although he found the magazine ""disgusting and unpleasant,"" he clarified that it was not considered harmful, suggesting that most people's reaction would likely be one of disdain rather than offence. In addition to ""Pizzle Rot,"" the tribunal also classified several other publications. Two books were determined to be indecent for those under 18: ""The New Female Sexuality"" by Manfred F. de Martino and ""Acts of Love"" by Dr Jan Berghoff. Additionally, ""Lesbian Secrets"" by Evelyn Theodor and ""The Scandal Goddess"" by William Hegner were classified as indecent overall. Other titles, including ""Confessions of a Window Cleaner"" by Timothy Lea and ""Sex Manners for Single Girls"" by Dr Georges Valensin, were also marked as indecent for persons under the age of 16. The decisions reflect the tribunal's role in regulating materials considered inappropriate for young readers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711127_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711127.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,60004800
3974,29,11,1971,"Spock Chosen As Candidate (Press, 29 November 1971)","On November 28, 1971, the newly-formed People’s Party held a convention in Dallas, where Dr. Benjamin Spock was selected as the party's presidential candidate. However, this selection came with the stipulation that Dr. Spock would step aside if a more prominent national figure could be convinced to take over the nomination. The convention saw participation from about 90 of 200 delegates representing various activist and peace organizations. In the closely contested voting, Dr. Spock emerged victorious in the second round against Mr. Jack Hampton, garnering 47 votes to Hampton's 43. Throughout the day, delegates had engaged in discussions about the challenge of attracting a well-known candidate to lead the coalition, which included diverse groups ranging from Dr. Spock's new party to the Gay Liberation Front.","United States of America; Gay Liberation Front (USA)",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711129_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711129.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,60177600
6860,30,11,1971,"Satisfying Revue From Players (Press, 30 November 1971)","The Riccarton Players presented a show titled ""A Sort of a Thing,"" compiled and produced by Taura Henderson and Brian Cooper, from 27 November to 4 December 1971 at the Nelson Street Hall. The performance ran from 8 p.m. to 10.10 p.m. and received a generally positive reception for its good pace and convivial atmosphere, effectively engaging the audience, which was the main goal of the production. While the standard of performance varied, the unpretentious nature of the show allowed any weaknesses to be overlooked. Brian Cooper served as the master of ceremonies, helping maintain continuity throughout with the aid of numerous “quickies”—short sketches designed to elicit quick laughter, although not all of them succeeded. Doug Clarke was noted for his effective comedic style in these brief segments. The show commenced with a Western melodrama that was noted for its mood-setting, despite needing crisper performances. Barry Smith garnered praise for his role as the villain. The first half featured standout performances, particularly from Peter Sadler in sketches including ""I say, I say, I say!!!!"" and ""Mae West,"" where he showcased his talent in a transvestite singing role. Following the interval, the highlight of the night was “Henry VIII and His Wives,” likely inspired by a recent television series. Max Bollinger was commendable as the king, delivering his performance with energetic singing and emotional depth, supported by strong portrayals from the queenly characters and well-executed costumes, all contributing to a well-coordinated script. The second half retained audience interest with another melodrama that carried a Victorian essence, featuring the talented Sylvia Hutcheson as the heroine. This segment was notable for its sung-through presentation, adding to its period authenticity. The show concluded with a folk singing section that included impressive performances from Janet Jamieson. Overall, ""A Sort of a Thing"" was tailored to please average tastes, providing relaxed entertainment that resembled popular American television personality shows, enhanced by its topical references, particularly regarding the Commonwealth Games theme, and an intimate presentation style.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711130_2_144.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711130.2.144,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,60264000
4471,07,12,1971,"“People Who Live In Whisky Bottles . ..” (Press, 7 December 1971)","At a Jaycee award dinner in Balclutha on the weekend of 6 December 1971, Brian Brooks, a resident from Auckland, made headlines with his controversial remarks about societal issues. Brooks, who described himself as a “failed industrial mediator,” firmly rejected allegations of being a Communist, clarifying that he was not affiliated with any political party. He also addressed claims regarding his sexuality, stating that such labels stemmed from his involvement with a group advocating for reforms in laws governing homosexuality. In his address, Brooks strongly critiqued war, militarism, and materialism, suggesting that New Zealand's social problems—including high rates of alcoholism, illegitimacy, divorce, and the struggles associated with the country's transition from a rural to an industrial society—could be resolved by opposing military engagements. He pointed out that it was not the youth but rather the older generation, referred to as the “blue rinse set,” who were more prone to substance abuse issues such as reliance on tranquillisers and alcohol. Brooks expressed a hopeful outlook for the future, asserting that genuine change would be driven by the courage and vision of young people. He shared a heartfelt wish that when his son reaches adulthood in the 21st century, it would be a time that both would be proud of. His remarks reflected a broader discourse on the need for reform and highlighted the generational shift in values and societal expectations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711207_2_163.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711207.2.163,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,60868800
6861,14,12,1971,"Transvestite Contest (Press, 14 December 1971)","In December 1971, Thailand hosted what is believed to be the world's first international transvestite beauty contest in the provincial capital of Khonkhaen, located approximately 380 miles north of Bangkok. In Thai culture, transvestites, referred to as ""kratoeys,"" are not looked down upon but are instead accepted as a unique identity that exists between male and female. The beauty contest featured numerous contestants, culminating in the crowning of Boosaporn Chaikul, a 16-year-old from Nongkhai near the Laotian border, as ""Miss Kratoey."" Additionally, a contestant from Vientiane, Laos, known as Navarat, won the title of ""Miss Popularity"" and also finished as a runner-up in the competition. The event was notable, capturing the attention of Thai newspapers, which showcased images of the victorious participants, reflecting a progressive attitude toward gender identity and expression in the region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711214_2_172.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711214.2.172,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,61473600
7883,31,12,1971,"‘title’ For Crusader (Press, 31 December 1971)","On 30 December 1971, the Wellington-based newspaper the Dominion recognised Miss Patricia Bartlett, a 43-year-old anti-pornography activist, by awarding her the title of “Man of the Year.” This accolade is typically granted to male recipients, which makes Bartlett’s achievement noteworthy. The Dominion described her as having a significant influence on New Zealand society, more so than any other individual during that year who did not hold a government position or public office. Her tireless efforts in the campaign against pornography have made a considerable impact, highlighting her role in shaping public discourse in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711231_2_143.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711231.2.143,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,62942400
4472,31,12,1971,"Homosexual Law Reform Urged (Press, 31 December 1971)","On 31 December 1971, Professor B. James of the University of Otago, Christchurch, argued in an interview that New Zealand's Parliament could no longer avoid addressing the issue of homosexual law reform. He noted a significant shift in public opinion that was increasingly supportive of reforming outdated laws affecting male homosexuals, based on legislation from Britain, which had already been updated. Professor James expressed his frustration with politicians who feared losing votes over the topic of reform. He questioned their honesty and courage, suggesting that as leaders, they should take a stand on such important issues rather than avoiding them. He believed that some parliamentarians harboured a ""tacit agreement"" with the reform, which would decriminalise consensual sexual acts between men over the age of 21. He asserted that homosexuality should not be viewed as a crime or illness but rather as a developmental deviation typically arising from poor family relationships. He dismissed irrational fears regarding the corruption of youth due to reform, stating that psychological evidence did not support such beliefs. Professor James critiqued the stereotypical view of the New Zealand male as a ""short-haired beer drinker,"" asserting that young people today are increasingly rejecting this limited notion of masculinity. He emphasised the need for schools to play a more proactive role in educating students about sex and societal issues. He advocated for the introduction of sexual education at an early age as part of mainstream social education, rather than as a separate subject, to remove any perceived stigma. He encouraged a fundamental modification in teacher training to achieve this. He argued that better education could potentially reduce the number of young people entering the legal system or requiring psychiatric help, noting that magistrates often feel powerless to assist youth once they reach court. He pointed out that schools could provide guidance that would prevent many young people from going astray. When asked about the rising trend of school dropouts, Professor James highlighted that many students found schools unengaging. He suggested that schools failed to address relevant societal issues such as justice, war, and modern hypocrisy, which teenagers were eager to discuss. According to him, young people had a clearer perception of life than many adults and educators, underscoring the need for educational reform to meet their interests and concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19711231_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19711231.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,62942400
6862,13,01,1972,"Theft From Pocket (Press, 13 January 1972)","A visitor to Auckland reported losing $180 in Australian currency after being accosted on a construction site on the evening of 12 January 1972. The incident involved an individual who was suspected of wearing women's clothing, leading the police to consider that the thief may have been a transvestite. The visitor stated that the money was taken from a pocket in his trousers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720113_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720113.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,64065600
7885,19,01,1972,"“sex Lobby” Alleged (Press, 19 January 1972)","On 18 January 1972, Miss Patricia Bartlett, secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, expressed concerns in Hamilton regarding alleged lobbying efforts from individuals with financial interests in sex-related literature. She suggested that these individuals might be attempting to influence members of Parliament (M.P.s) against the impending tightening of censorship laws in New Zealand. This statement followed a recent favourable recommendation for the society's petition on censorship from a Parliamentary committee. Bartlett emphasised the crucial nature of the forthcoming parliamentary vote, noting that the success of their campaign would rely on the proposed legislation and how M.P.s would cast their votes. She expressed frustration that without a majority vote, her efforts would be futile from a legal standpoint. Bartlett indicated a belief that financial stakeholders in the sex book industry were incentivised to oppose stricter laws, possibly through lobbying M.P.s and media personnel to sway public and political opinion. She articulated three modest requests for reform: the enforcement of existing laws against the exhibition of restricted books, a simplified process for referring books to the Indecent Publications Tribunal, and a prohibition on selling books while they are under review by the Tribunal. Bartlett reasoned that a modest approach was strategic, as asking for smaller changes would likely yield results, unlike a broader request which could face more resistance. In her remarks, Bartlett encouraged members of the society nationwide to actively engage in monitoring bookshops, purchasing books, and referring them to the Tribunal, in an effort to generate a more collective movement rather than relying solely on a few individuals for oversight. While the main focus was on censorship, Bartlett’s comments coincided with other news highlights from the day, including the signing of rugby league player J. O’Neil by the Manly Rugby League Club for a record sum of NZ$30,000, as well as updates on ticket sales for the Sapporo Winter Olympics, which were set to open on 3 February 1972. The organising committee reported that 333,162 tickets had already been sold.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720119_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720119.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,64584000
6863,21,01,1972,"Magistrate’s Court Transvestite Youth A Party To... (Press, 21 January 1972)","On 21 January 1972, a Magistrate’s Court case revealed the involvement of a transvestite youth in an attempted robbery in Christchurch. Leslie James McCreath, aged 20, and Kerry John Newman, aged 18, both unemployed, pleaded guilty to the charges relating to an incident involving Michael John McCarthy. The events occurred on 23 December 1971, when McCarthy, having met Newman in a hotel, was led to believe he was engaging with a female sex worker. Newman, after obtaining $20 from McCarthy, signalled to McCreath, who then assaulted McCarthy from behind while he was preoccupied. The court heard that McCarthy sustained injuries and both defendants were remanded on bail to 27 January for sentencing. In a separate case, avid Stanley Tranter, 21, was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment for firing an air rifle at a car, an act deemed dangerous to others. Tranter was already serving a three-year sentence for aggravated robbery, and the Magistrate ordered that his new sentence be served concurrently. Roger Robert Hubert Matchitt, aged 39, was remanded on bail for his involvement in a burglary at the Springfield Lime Company, which took place between 2 and 13 January 1972. Matchitt broke into the premises, stole petrol and tools, loaded them onto a trailer, and subsequently set the trailer alight in the Waimakariri riverbed. He had also unlawfully taken a car and was found stripping it with another person shortly after. Two young men, Stanley David Neilson, 21, and another whose name was suppressed, were convicted for unlawfully taking a taxi as a prank. Neilson received a $50 fine and probation while the other was fined $25. Arthur George Coleman, a 58-year-old carpenter with a history of alcoholism, was fined $60 for failing to pay a ferry fare after expressing his desire to go to a mental health facility. Other cases involved William Charles Kerr, aged 42, fined $20 for stealing his wife’s pay cheques, and Brian Charles Eatwell, aged 26, convicted of theft for taking vehicle parts. Patrick Ngatai Ruawai, aged 23, faced burglary charges for breaking into a local grocery store and was remanded for sentencing. In a related incident, two panelbeaters, Dave Ruki and Thomas John Riki, received fines for disorderly behaviour after they threw rubbish tins onto the street. Stephen Ronald Banham, aged 18, was fined and disqualified from driving for several traffic offences, including careless driving and failing to stop after an accident. Russell George Becks, 23, was remanded on bail relating to a charge of rape, while Peter William Gendall, aged 17, faced consequences for careless driving that resulted in injury to a motorcyclist. The court dealt with various other minor offences, showcasing a range of criminal activities occurring in Christchurch at the time, with many defendants receiving fines, probation orders, and periods of disqualification from driving.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720121_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720121.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,64756800
4473,24,01,1972,"Disgraced Hero’s Victoria Cross To Be Auctioned (Press, 24 January 1972)","A significant Victorian scandal that extended to New Zealand will resurface following the auction of a 115-year-old Victoria Cross at Sotheby’s in London this week. This decoration belonged to Midshipman Edward St John Daniel, a naval officer who initially gained fame as a national hero after his acts of bravery during the Crimean War. Born in Somerset in 1837, Daniel received the Victoria Cross at the young age of 19 for his valour while serving with the Naval Brigade from 1854 to 1856. After his service in the Crimea, he participated in the Indian Mutiny of 1857, earning further commendation. In 1860, following a series of personal failings, Daniel's reputation took a drastic turn for the worse. He was reprimanded for being absent without leave on two occasions and was subsequently court-martialled for drunkenness while on duty. This led to his dismissal from his ship and a demotion in the promotion rankings. The situation deteriorated further when Daniel faced charges related to a homosexual offence involving four subordinates while serving on H.M.S. Victor Emmanuel in 1861. Awaiting court-martial and under open arrest, he mysteriously disappeared after jumping ship in Corfu. It is speculated that naval authorities may have facilitated his escape to shield the Navy from embarrassment, resulting in his name being struck off the Victoria Cross register by Royal Warrant, a rare action taken only eight times. By 1863, Daniel resurfaced in Australia, where he enlisted in the New Zealand military on January 18, 1864, while the Colonial Government sought recruits for the Maori War. Under the pretense of being a “baker,” he arrived in New Plymouth on February 15, 1864. During his service with the Taranaki Military Settlers, he participated in various engagements in Taranaki over three years but faced disciplinary issues, accumulating a record of 20 days’ detention for drunkenness. Upon the disbandment of the Taranaki Military Settlers in May 1867, Daniel sold his land grant and joined the New Zealand Armed Constabulary on November 26, 1867. In March 1868, he was part of a 60-man detachment sent to maintain order in the West Coast diggings, which were fraught with tensions involving the militant Fenians. Unfortunately, Edward St John Daniel died on May 20, 1868, with the record attributing his death to alcoholism in Hokitika, leaving behind a complicated legacy marked by early heroism and later disgrace. The history and trajectory of Daniel's life have captured interest, especially with the upcoming auction of his Victoria Cross, now a poignant symbol of his tumultuous past.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720124_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720124.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,65016000
4474,28,01,1972,"V.c. Goes For $3200 (Press, 28 January 1972)","A Victoria Cross awarded to Midshipman Edward St John Daniel, who later fell from grace, was sold for SNZ3200 (£1500) at an auction held by Sotheby’s in London on 26 January 1972. Daniel received the Victoria Cross at the age of 19 for his courageous actions while serving with the Naval Brigade during the Crimean War from 1854 to 1856. However, in 1861, he deserted while on a ship in the Mediterranean, where he was awaiting court-martial for charges related to a homosexual offence. Following this, he made his way to New Zealand in 1864, participated in the Maori wars, and joined the Armed Constabulary, subsequently relocating to Hokitika in 1868. He passed away from alcoholism just a few months after moving there. The identity of the buyer remains anonymous, and a Sotheby’s spokesperson characterised the sale price as ""unexceptional.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720128_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720128.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,65361600
4475,29,01,1972,"E. M. Forster’s Delayed Novel (Press, 29 January 1972)","The review discusses E. M. Forster's novel ""Maurice,"" which he began writing in 1913 but was published posthumously in 1971. Notably, the book was groundbreaking for its direct approach to homosexuality at a time when such topics were not openly acknowledged, and Forster adds a ""Terminal Note"" to reflect on its historical context. Set against the progress of the 1960s and the growing acceptance of LGBTQ+ themes, the review suggests that the novel may now feel somewhat dated and less impactful, as the need for tolerance advocacy has evolved. While acknowledging Forster's courage in tackling the subject matter, the reviewer criticises the novel for its oversimplified characters and narrative. The author suggests that Forster's involvement in the story's moral message compromises the emotional depth and realism of the characters—Maurice is depicted as a one-dimensional figure rather than a fully developed protagonist. The reviewer draws parallels to D. H. Lawrence's ""Lady Chatterley’s Lover,"" noting the thematic similarities in the protagonists' journeys toward self-awareness and love. The story revolves around Maurice, a young Englishman grappling with his sexual identity, and his relationship with Alec Scudder, a gamekeeper. Forster's insistence on a happy ending is highlighted, though it has been met with skepticism from contemporary readers. Critics, including Lytton Strachey, question the longevity and authenticity of Maurice and Alec's relationship, leading the reviewer to agree that the resolution feels forced and lacks credibility. The review points out that Forster's portrayal of Maurice lacks the persuasive characterisation and plot development seen in his other works. Maurice's eventual awakening, intended to symbolize personal growth and connection, appears artificial due to the author's overt presence in the narrative. This emphasis on a happy conclusion sacrifices the complexity and irony that characterise Forster's other stories. Despite these criticisms, the review acknowledges that ""Maurice"" brings forth valuable themes and language reflective of Forster's talent. The novel serves as a reminder of qualities like ""nobility"" and ""comradeship,"" which seem quaint in the context of post-war society. The most compelling moment in the narrative occurs when Maurice, faced with despair, chooses life and grapples with his human dignity despite lacking external motivations, illustrating Forster's belief in the inherent heroism of the human condition. In summary, while ""Maurice"" has its flaws and may read sentimentally, it remains a significant work for its exploration of themes previously neglected in literature and reflects Forster's abilities to connect with deeper human experiences, despite its ultimate lack of narrative cohesion. The review underscores the impact of social change on literary themes and narratives, noting how the ideals of the Edwardian era can still resonate today.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720129_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720129.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,65448000
7888,29,01,1972,"Informations Withdrawn (Press, 29 January 1972)","On 28 January 1972, the Auckland Magistrate’s Court granted leave for six private informations against Wilson and Horton, Ltd, a printer and publisher, to be withdrawn. The charges, brought by Miss Patricia Bartlett, alleged that the company had printed and delivered an indecent document. Specifically, the charges concerned three editions of ""Thursday"" magazine published on 13 May, 27 May, and 10 June 1971. Wilson and Horton, Ltd, represented by Mr J. Miles, had previously denied the accusations regarding printing these indecent materials. Additionally, the company also denied delivering copies of the magazine to Whitcombe and Tombs, Ltd, in Auckland, asserting that the document was indecent in the possession of anyone under the age of 18. The hearing for these charges was scheduled for the same day as the court's decision to withdraw the informations. Mr R. L. Maclaren, representing Miss Bartlett, explained that the withdrawal was due to the informations being filed two days later than the legally permitted time frame following the publication dates of the articles in question. The bench was presided over by Mr C. E. H. Pledger, S.M.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720129_2_242.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720129.2.242,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,65448000
7887,29,01,1972,"Miss Bartlett’s Anti-pornography Campaign... (Press, 29 January 1972)","In January 1972, Miss Patricia Bartlett initiated a nationwide campaign against pornography in New Zealand, which gained notable attention and support through a parliamentary petition that received a ""favourable consideration"" verdict. The news article, reflecting on Bartlett's campaign, scrutinises her allegations about the availability of pornography in bookstores and the potential moral decline attributed to it. Harold T. White, the secretary of the Booksellers’ Association of New Zealand, questions whether booksellers truly profit from or contribute to societal depravity, arguing that Bartlett’s claims lack substantial evidence. Bartlett became renowned for her anti-pornography crusade, which was publicised through the media and gatherings. Her campaign was premised on the belief that the prevalence of pornography encourages crime, illegitimate births, and other social ills, accusing booksellers of willingly breaking laws to corrupt young people. However, the article asserts that her assertions remained largely unsupported and were based more on emotion than facts. Despite 26,486 individuals signing petitions endorsing Bartlett's views, White points out that this number was somewhat misleading, as the popularity of magazines like ""Playboy"" demonstrated broader public interest contrary to her claims. The narrative surrounding Bartlett painted her as a champion for decency, while critics of her campaign were often labelled as supporters of immorality. Her failure to provide concrete evidence to support her claims when scrutinised by the Petitions Committee is noted. The article further discusses the role of the Indecent Publications Tribunal, which is said to effectively reflect community standards. The Tribunal ensures that indecent materials do not spread unchecked, and most books are reviewed promptly, with few deemed indecent making their way into bookstores. Booksellers generally comply with legal standards, and there have only been a limited number of convictions regarding the sale of indecent materials. White refutes the notion that booksellers intentionally harm society with pornographic content and argues that the perception of what constitutes indecency can vary over time. He asserts that the correlation between indecent literature and moral decay has not been proven, and many experts contend that distasteful books do not inherently corrupt readers. Overall, the essence of the critique focuses on the consequences of Bartlett's campaign on booksellers and the wider dialogue regarding censorship and morality. The article emphasises the need for a balanced and reasoned understanding of censorship, questioning the standards being imposed by individuals like Bartlett. Ultimately, it posits that society should not be compelled to adhere to her particular moral framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720129_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720129.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,65448000
7889,01,02,1972,"Sex Booklet Ruled Not Indecent (Press, 1 February 1972)","On 31 January 1972, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington ruled that the booklet ""Love in Plain Language,"" published by Wilson and Horton, Ltd, was not indecent under the Indecent Publications Act. The ruling came after the booklet, authored by Robert Chartham, was submitted for classification by the Secretary for Justice, following a complaint from Miss Patricia Bartlett. This booklet was a reprint of a series of articles from the fortnightly magazine ""Thursday,"" which had appeared earlier in 1971. The tribunal's decision followed hearings during which Miss Bartlett sought to join the proceedings under Section 14 (6) of the act. This section enables individuals likely to be affected by a decision to be parties to the proceedings. However, her request was denied. Nevertheless, Miss Bartlett's concerns and support from Dr F. B. Desmond were taken into consideration. The tribunal noted that when a book is presented for classification by the Department of Justice, it would benefit from a clearer rationale behind the complaint, especially when submitted due to public concern. The tribunal expressed that if the department was not supporting the complaint, the complainant should independently present their case. Moreover, it suggested that the department should consider calling the complainant as a witness in such cases. In its evaluation of ""Love in Plain Language,"" the tribunal described the booklet as offering a straightforward and objective presentation of sexual information. It recognised the importance of distributing such information for public knowledge, asserting that the booklet did not handle sexual topics in a way that could harm the public good. The tribunal concluded that if the booklet was accessed by younger readers, it was unlikely to cause them any harm. The tribunal advocated for factual and responsible sexual education as opposed to the inaccurate or misleading information that was sometimes prevalent in public discourse at the time. Thus, the decision highlighted the tribunal's stance on the necessity of accessible and educational sexual information, while also acknowledging the need for proper channels of complaint and the role of public input in adjudication processes involving published materials.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720201_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720201.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,65707200
4476,03,02,1972,"Fingerprint Evidence (Press, 3 February 1972)","In Auckland on February 2, 1972, a Supreme Court trial began involving two Royal Navy seamen, Philip Anthony Goodenough and David Albert Evans, who are accused of the murder of Ross Russell Hawley on August 24, 1971. Both men, aged 24 and 21 respectively, have pleaded not guilty. The prosecution has presented evidence including fingerprints, as testified by a fingerprint expert, indicating Goodenough's prints were found on an ashtray and a glass in Hawley's flat, while Evans's fingerprints were located on a broken bottle next to the deceased. The trial has seen testimony from 22 witnesses, and additional depositions have been read into the record from those unable to attend. Detective Sergeant Mervyn Harold Dedman reported that he discovered Goodenough’s fingerprint on the ashtray. Meanwhile, Detective Sergeant Raymond John Stapleton revealed he found a book titled ""One In Twenty,"" a study on homosexuality, in Hawley's flat. A forensic scientist testified that a blood sample taken from Hawley showed a blood alcohol concentration of 10 milligrams per 100 millilitres. Anthony Richard Gestra, known as Chanelle St Laurent, an entertainer, recounted meeting Goodenough and Evans at Mojo’s Night Club on the night of the murder; he stated that Evans spent a brief time at his flat before leaving a watch behind. Testimony from Patrick Michael Durrant, a stores accountant from H.M.S. Danae, indicated that Goodenough mentioned having taken a watch after “rolling a brown hatter,” which he understood to refer to a homosexual encounter. A pathologist, Dr Francis John Cairns, provided details about Hawley’s injuries, which included bruises and cuts, a fractured nose, and significant bleeding in the brain area caused by blood leaking from the membrane surrounding it. The trial continues under Mr Justice Moller with the jury receiving more evidence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720203_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720203.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,65880000
4477,05,02,1972,"Plea For Homosexuals (Press, 5 February 1972)","On 5 February 1972, Professor B. S. Hetzel, the professor of social and preventive medicine at Monash University in Melbourne, made significant comments regarding the perception and treatment of homosexuality during his visit to Christchurch. He argued that it was incorrect to view homosexuality as a criminal condition and advocated for its classification as a behavioural disorder instead. Professor Hetzel drew parallels with the recent legal adjustments surrounding attempted suicide, suggesting that such changes should also apply to the laws concerning homosexual offences in New Zealand and Australia. He highlighted the importance of adapting legal frameworks to protect at-risk youth and suggested that the law can serve as a tool to encourage treatment for behavioural disorders, similar to approaches used with alcoholism. However, he noted that once individuals reached their mid-20s and had established their sexual orientation, the likelihood of successful treatment diminished significantly. He clarified that terms like “illness” and “disease” were not applicable to homosexuality, but rather it should be understood within the context of social behavioural issues that require further research and discussion. Moreover, Professor Hetzel expressed his concern regarding the health challenges posed by urbanisation and the emotional stress that follows. He emphasised the necessity of reforming medical education to better prepare healthcare professionals for community-based work rather than traditional hospital environments. He called for the establishment of more community medical centres that integrate various health services, indicating that some centres he observed in Christchurch were currently ahead of similar initiatives in Australia. Overall, Hetzel’s remarks emphasised a progressive shift towards understanding and treating homosexuality within a broader context of behavioural health and the pressing need for an evolved healthcare model in urban settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720205_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720205.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,66052800
7890,18,02,1972,"Miss Bartlett Declines (Press, 18 February 1972)","On 18 February 1972, Patricia Bartlett, a notable opponent of pornography from Wellington, declined an invitation to inaugurate a cuddling machine at the Bishopdale Shopping Centre. The machine is set to be launched the following Wednesday by the Rev. R. A. Lowe, the Vicar of Fendalton, along with ""Miss Canterbury, 1972,"" Inese Berzins. In her response, Miss Bartlett expressed regret, citing her full-time teaching commitments as the reason for her inability to participate, and wished the project success. The cuddling machine has drawn mixed reactions, with some local businessmen expressing disapproval. R. M. Naysmith articulated strong opposition to the initiative, deeming it inappropriate for the high-class shopping environment of Bishopdale and finding the concept to be ""ridiculous."" The design of the cuddling machine features a woollen blanket with knitted sleeves on either side. Participants stand on opposite sides of the blanket, insert their arms into the sleeves, and embrace one another without any direct physical contact since the blanket serves as a barrier.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720218_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720218.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,67176000
4478,24,02,1972,"“Selfishness” In N.z. (Press, 24 February 1972)","Miss Eskefien de Ridder, a representative of the European Christian Mission, has shared her observations about the atmosphere in New Zealand, particularly regarding a growing sense of selfishness and indifference among its people. Speaking from her experience in Christchurch, where she has worked for six months at an outreach known as the Open Door, she noted that many individuals attending the facility displayed a shared sense of loneliness and meaninglessness. Throughout her time, Miss de Ridder encountered a diverse range of individuals, but discovered that most had unhappy childhoods, with only a couple reporting reasonably happy backgrounds. She highlighted a pervasive feeling of meaninglessness among those she interacted with, suggesting that Christianity provides a sense of purpose that may not be achievable through secular means. The Open Door does not overtly preach religion; instead, Miss de Ridder likened her role to that of a supportive friend or a mother figure, stating that she allows people to approach her and engage in conversation at their discretion. She also mentioned the challenges of initiating contact directly with people in public spaces, as many tend to be guarded and unresponsive in those environments. In contrast, at the Open Door, individuals seeking companionship and support feel more at ease approaching workers like Miss de Ridder when they face difficulties. The clientele of the Open Door is diverse, with connections to various social services such as prisons and welfare homes, and they come from a range of educational and economic backgrounds. While she noted concerns about alcohol as a significant issue among her patrons, Miss de Ridder mentioned that drug-related problems were less visible in this context. Returning to the Netherlands in April, Miss de Ridder anticipates continuing her work with young people at a university in Groningen, where she identifies issues like drug use and homosexuality as prevalent challenges among students. She expressed a belief that individuals struggling with homosexuality could find resolution through Christianity, claiming that faith could facilitate a change in those who recognise their attractions without acting on them. Having dedicated five years to the European Christian Mission, with three years in the Netherlands, Miss de Ridder is equipped with training from the Bible Training Centre in New Zealand and has experience in both England and New Zealand. Her reflections on the social climate in New Zealand depict an urgent need for connection and support in a world perceived as increasingly indifferent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720224_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720224.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,67694400
7891,28,02,1972,"Miss Bartlett Sees “hair” (Press, 28 February 1972)","Miss Patricia Bartlett, a prominent campaigner against indecency, visited Auckland over the weekend to attend the opening of the rock opera ""Hair,"" which premiered on 26 February 1972. After viewing the performance, she expressed her strong disapproval in a radio broadcast, labelling the show as disgusting and indecent. In response to the controversial nature of the production, several Auckland police officers were also present at the performance. Detective Sergeant B. J. Stewart, who heads the drug and vice squad, confirmed that police were in attendance but chose not to comment on the performance at that time, stating he had not received any formal reports regarding the show's content. Inquiries made at the Auckland central police station revealed that no complaints had yet been lodged against ""Hair."" However, officials noted that the possibility of complaints emerging was still open, as reports from the weekend's events were pending review by the administration division scheduled for the following morning. The initial visit and subsequent criticism by Bartlett highlighted ongoing tensions regarding censorship and the boundaries of acceptable content in the performing arts during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720228_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720228.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,68040000
7893,01,03,1972,"“who Are Censors?” (Press, 1 March 1972)","The Theatre Arts Guild of New Zealand expressed concern regarding the arrival of the controversial show ""Hair"" in the country, stating that the protection of New Zealand's morals should have been ensured prior to the show's introduction, rather than in response to it. In a statement released on 1 March 1972, the committee highlighted that the show is internationally recognised and asserted that both the Government and the police were well aware of its content. They argued for the necessity of an appointed critic or censor from the Government to evaluate such performances before they are permitted to enter the country. The committee pointed out that since ""Hair"" had already been performed overseas and that members of the public had been exposed to it in other countries, a censor's report should have been acquired beforehand. They maintained that no approval or license should have been granted until this assessment was completed, suggesting that the arrival of the show in New Zealand indicated a form of government consent to its performance. The guild questioned the identity of the current censors, raising issues about accountability by asking whether it was Miss Patricia Bartlett, the New Zealand Police Department, or another figure responsible for censorship. Their statement reflects a broader concern about the influence of international performances on local cultural values and the adequacy of existing censorship processes in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720301_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720301.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,68212800
7892,01,03,1972,"Miss Bartlett Taken To Task (Press, 1 March 1972)","The Rev. Rex Hamlin, the Director of Christian Education for the Presbyterian Church, has publicly defended the musical ""Hair"" in response to its criticism from anti-smut campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett. Bartlett has labelled ""Hair"" as ""disgusting, indecent and of no dramatic value at all."" In contrast, Hamlin, who has seen the production twice in London and Sydney, asserts that the show conveys a profound message about the necessity of love and care among humanity, warning that the future of the world is at risk if these values are not embraced. In an interview, Hamlin expressed his personal views on the show, emphasising that his remarks do not reflect an official stance of the Presbyterian Public Questions Committee, which had not yet discussed ""Hair."" However, he noted that the committee did not support a petition led by Bartlett the previous year, as they found insufficient justification for more restrictive legislation concerning the show's content. Hamlin, a 46-year-old father of four, further articulated his belief that ""Hair"" criticises the hypocrisy of the establishment, which permits immoral acts while condemning love and harmless expressions. He acknowledged that while some of the language in the show may be deemed obscene when taken out of context, it is understandable given the frustration felt by those who view the establishment as hypocritical. In a pointed remark, Hamlin questioned the purpose of Bartlett's protective stance, suggesting that if people truly needed shielding from such artistic expressions, they might as well avoid public spaces and remove mirrors from their homes. His comments highlight an ongoing dialogue within the church and society about the boundaries of artistic expression and moral standards in the face of cultural shifts in the early 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720301_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720301.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,68212800
4479,02,03,1972,"N.z. Ex-nurse Compiles Graphic Teen-age Guide (Press, 2 March 1972)","A new sex guide aimed at teenagers, titled ""Learning to Live With Sex,"" has been published by the Family Planning Association in London, with its content based on a text by New Zealander Ann Burkitt. Currently the assistant-director of the Education and Training Division of the Health Education Council in England, Burkitt has served as a health education officer for six years. The guide spans 60 pages and is structured alphabetically, covering topics from ""Acne"" and ""Adolescence"" to ""Venereal Disease"" and ""Wet Dreams."" It also includes additional resources for birth control, unwanted pregnancy, issues faced by unmarried mothers, and legal matters, accompanied by a glossary explaining slang terms related to sex. Burkitt, who trained as a nurse at Auckland Hospital and completed a health education course at London University, designed the guide to provide accessible information for young people who might not engage with traditional text-heavy resources. She noted that the guide had been reviewed by a committee to ensure it maintains a straightforward and clinically accurate approach. Despite growing discussions about sex and birth control in Britain, statistics reveal a concerning increase in abortions among girls under 20; nearly 18,000 abortions were recorded in the first nine months of the previous year, surpassing the total of 16,000 from the entire year of 1970. The booklet emphasizes the varied nature of love-making, describing it as a meaningful exchange between two caring individuals or a more casual physical experience. It addressed homosexuality with a focus on acceptance, stating that for homosexuals, love-making is as natural as for heterosexuals. The section on chastity outlines its advantages such as avoiding unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, while acknowledging that motivations for being chaste can differ greatly among individuals. The guide encourages readers to make their own choices concerning chastity based on personal beliefs and circumstances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720302_2_49_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720302.2.49.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,68299200
7640,10,03,1972,"Policeman Gives View Of ‘hair’ At Court... (Press, 10 March 1972)","A court hearing took place on 9 March 1972 in Auckland regarding the American musical ""Hair,"" presented by Harry M. Miller Attractions, Ltd. The company faced charges of presenting an indecent show at a public venue without lawful justification or excuse on 26 February. The case was initiated by Detective Chief Inspector Edward Graham Perry, who provided a detailed account of the production during the proceedings. The hearing, presided over by Mr D. S. Sinclair in the Magistrate's Court, lasted for three hours. Perry testified as the police witness, explaining his experience watching the show from a gallery seat. He described the musical as featuring explicit language and actions, including simulations of sexual acts and drug references. One significant witness was Patrick John Booth, the editor of ""Zealandia,"" a Catholic newspaper. He expressed his shock and disgust over the production's content, which involved scenes of simulated intercourse and nudity. He recounted instances where a member of the cast dressed as a woman mockingly protested against the show and described various indecent actions that took place. Perry presented physical evidence, including props used in the performance, which he highlighted during his testimony. He noted elements of the show, such as a scene where a character, Berger, drew a syringe through his arm and referred to various drugs. Another scene featured a pregnant character singing about her situation and receiving pills from a male character, further prompting complaints about the show's appropriateness. The defence, led by Mr L. W. Brown, Q.C., did not challenge the witness testimonies during the hearing. Instead, they reserved their defence after pleading not guilty. The company previously opted for a jury trial during an initial hearing on 2 March. Mr Sinclair decided to send the case to the Supreme Court for trial, scheduled to begin on 20 March and expected to last three days. The controversy surrounding ""Hair"" has drawn significant public attention, especially given its provocative content and the involvement of law enforcement. As the show continued its run in Auckland, discussions surrounding its implications and appropriateness in the context of societal values were expected to intensify in light of the ongoing legal proceedings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720310_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720310.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,68990400
7894,11,03,1972,"28 Auckland Arrests (Press, 11 March 1972)","On 10 March 1972, a significant demonstration took place outside the Auckland Magistrate’s Court in response to the court case involving Dr Germaine Greer, who had made controversial statements that led to her being summonsed for using an offensive term. The demonstration attracted approximately 500 participants, primarily young adults and university students, and escalated into violent confrontations with police. The event started peacefully with demonstrators gathering around 10 a.m., and their numbers increased throughout the morning. Dr Greer made a plea for them to maintain order, stating that she was unfairly bearing the consequences for a larger societal issue regarding the law. However, tensions rose when there were remarks about another individual, Miss Patricia Bartlett, causing police to intervene. The situation deteriorated when police made initial arrests of two individuals, leading to violent resistance from the crowd. Panic ensued as demonstrators attempted to prevent police from detaining their peers, resulting in clashes, with projectiles such as eggs and tomatoes being thrown at law enforcement. The police eventually arrested 28 individuals on charges including assaulting police and disorderly behaviour, all of whom appeared in court later that day. They were remanded on bail, with most pleading not guilty. In the course of the confrontation, four police officers sustained minor injuries, while the demonstrators spent several hours chanting slogans and expressing their frustration. The mood shifted dramatically when Dr Greer was found guilty and fined $40 for one of the charges. News of her conviction sparked further outrage among the crowd, leading to more scuffles and aggressive behaviour directed at police. Following the demonstration at the Auckland courthouse, a smaller group of around 80 protesters gathered outside the Wellington Magistrate’s Court the same day to express their dissent regarding the previous day’s arrests of 20 demonstrators. Overall, the events highlight the intense public sentiment and contentiousness surrounding issues of free speech and law in New Zealand at that time, exacerbated by Dr Greer’s provocative statements and the handling of the demonstrations by police.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720311_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720311.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,69076800
7895,21,03,1972,"Miss Bartlett Claims $3000 (Press, 21 March 1972)","On 20 March 1972, Miss Patricia Bartlett, the secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, filed a summons against Harry M. Miller Attractions, Ltd, the producers of the musical ""Hair."" Bartlett is seeking $3,000 in damages, alleging that the company published false and malicious statements as well as presented actions during the show's opening night that could lead the audience to believe she was being portrayed on stage. She argues that these representations have harmed her reputation as a schoolteacher and her role with the Society. In her statement, Bartlett claims she has been defamed, suffered injury to her character, and faced public scandal due to the actions and words presented during the performance. The claim of $3,000 represents the maximum that can be awarded in a Magistrate’s Court, and she is also seeking court costs and other remedies as deemed appropriate. Bartlett's legal representation is handled by Mr R. L. Maclaren, while Mr P. E. Jenkins represents the defendant company. The case is set to be heard in Auckland Magistrate’s Court on 26 April 1972.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720321_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720321.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,69940800
7641,21,03,1972,"Trial Jury Sees “hair” On Stage (Press, 21 March 1972)","The trial of Harry M. Miller Attractions, Ltd. regarding the musical ""Hair"" commenced in the Supreme Court of Auckland on 20 March 1972. The company faced charges of presenting an indecent show, stemming from the opening night of ""Hair"" on 26 February. The company, represented by Mr L. W. Brown, Q.C. and Mr M. B. Williams, contested the charge, while Mr D. S. Morris represented the Crown. During the trial, Mr Brown asserted that jurors should view the performance to better understand the context of contested segments, a request granted by Justice McMullin. He emphasised the relevance of the jurors seeing the show in determining if the public good was served by its production. The jury attended a performance of ""Hair,"" with specific instructions from the judge to sit discreetly to avoid distraction. The trial had attracted significant attention following its initial staging and the Attorney-General's approval for the prosecution. Mr Morris cautioned the jury about potential preconceived opinions they might hold due to the extensive discussion surrounding the show in the media. He stressed that their judgment should solely rely on the evidence presented in court, as they were to decide only on what occurred during the opening night. The prosecution centred on the notion of public morality outlined in section 124 of the Crimes Act, posing the question of whether the performance contained elements that could be deemed indecent by societal standards. Mr Morris maintained that certain acts depicted in the show, such as simulated sexual activities and drug use, were likely to be considered 'despicable and repugnant' by right-thinking people. Witness testimony included that of Patrick John Booth, editor of the Roman Catholic weekly ""Zealandia,"" who described the emphasis on sexual acts and language in the performance as overt and troubling. He reported repetitions of a particular four-letter expletive and the appearance of nude cast members, indicating strong lewdness throughout the performance. While Booth acknowledged the essence of exaggeration in satire, he articulated a personal stance against allowing his son to see the show due to its explicit content. Margot Jacquiline Hudson, a secretary who attended the opening, expressed an appreciation for the music but also noted the offensive nature of certain acts and language present. Detective Chief Inspector E. G. Perry also provided evidence, having attended multiple performances. He noted the play's themes, linking them to anti-Vietnam war sentiments and the societal context of drug awareness during that era. As the trial progressed, the Crown maintained that the performance as a whole fell beyond acceptable societal boundaries and called on jurors to evaluate its contents against the standards of decency while also confirming the nudity and vulgarity presented were pivotal in their assessment of the show's appropriateness in New Zealand. The outcome of the case would heavily influence perceptions and definitions of indecency in theatrical productions moving forward.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720321_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720321.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,69940800
7642,22,03,1972,"Court Ruling Declined (Press, 22 March 1972)","On 21 March 1972, the United States Supreme Court chose not to make a ruling on state laws that classify certain sexual acts as criminal, even when these acts occur in private between married couples. This decision arose from a case involving a couple from Virginia, Aldo Mario Lovisi, 45, and his wife, Margaret, who were prosecuted for sodomy. They had been convicted the previous April and sentenced to two years in prison. The Lovisis argued that Virginia's sodomy law was unclear and infringed on their right to privacy. The Supreme Court ultimately rejected their application by an eight to one majority without providing any justification for its decision. This issue is significant as many states still uphold laws against sodomy that parallel those in Virginia, while some, like Illinois, do not have such laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720322_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720322.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,70027200
4480,24,03,1972,"Minister's Evidence Cabinet Shared Views Of Mr... (Press, 24 March 1972)","The Supreme Court proceedings on 23 March 1972 involved a defamation case brought by Brian Thomas Brooks, an industrial relations manager and university lecturer, against New Zealand's Deputy Prime Minister, Mr Muldoon. Brooks is suing Muldoon for $25,000, claiming that comments made by him in media discussions led to the withdrawal of his application for the Chief Industrial Mediator position. The case centres around various statements made by Muldoon, particularly those published in the ""Sunday News"" and shared in a television interview. Transport Minister John Bowie Gordon testified that the Cabinet's views were consistent with Muldoon's comments concerning Brooks' nomination. He noted that the Cabinet had declined Brooks’ recommendation and indicated a consensus among its members. Gordon revealed that some Cabinet members were aware of controversial quotations from Brooks, which contributed to their decision. When asked about the qualities desired in a suitable candidate, Gordon stated that the ideal nominee would be someone well-respected by the Cabinet, known for fostering industrial harmony, and without affiliations seen as disqualifying. Gordon acknowledged that Brooks was associated with controversial industrial actions, citing a specific instance where Brooks suggested teachers should take direct action to garner parental attention regarding educational facilities in newspaper quotes. He implied that such connections posed a concern for the Cabinet. During cross-examination, Muldoon defended his statements by highlighting Brooks’ own references to ""direct action"" and ""strikes,"" asserting that they were essential components of the policy of the National Union of Teachers. He maintained that his remarks reflected the views of the Cabinet and were substantiated by the general perception of Brooks as an individual aligned with unorthodox or anti-establishment groups, including the National Union of Teachers and the Auckland Council for Civil Liberties. Muldoon rejected claims that he exaggerated his statements regarding Brooks’ advocacy for strikes, stating that his emphasis on ""direct action"" was well-founded due to its frequent association with strike activities within the political context. He confirmed that discussions around Brooks' application occurred during the Imprest Supply Debate in August 1971, indicating the timeline of his remarks stemmed directly from his responses to opposition queries about Brooks’ rejection. The case highlights the intricate balance between political opinions, media representation, and personal reputation, with the outcome potentially impacting both Brooks’ professional prospects and the government’s public perception of its industrial relations policies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720324_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720324.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,70200000
4481,25,03,1972,"Leonard Rossiter Stars In Strange Play (Press, 25 March 1972)","On 25 March 1972, Leonard Rossiter delivered a remarkable performance in the play “Harry-Kari and Sally,” presented on a Thursday night. The play, written by Douglas Livingston, was a challenging piece, almost a solo show for Rossiter, who portrayed the character Harry Brown—a seemingly fussy, pompous ex-army officer now in a minor factory job. The play opened lightly but gradually revealed the complexities of Harry’s character through flashbacks and soliloquies that illuminated his struggles, including his past with his deceased wife and emotional turmoil related to his homosexual inclinations. Rossiter's ability to draw the audience into Harry’s internal conflicts made for a poignant performance. The twist at the end of the play was subtly foreshadowed, and the intensity of the revelation had a significant impact, hitting home even harder due to the gradual build-up. The setting of Harry's home was thoughtfully constructed, enhancing the narrative, and the supporting cast complemented Rossiter's performance, particularly Ray Brown as the lively Dennis and Cheryl Kennedy as the chatty Sally. Overall, Leonard Rossiter's portrayal was the standout element of the evening, with the show deeply revolving around his character's journey. In television, ""The South Tonight"" profited from the skilled interviewing of Rodney Bryant, who adeptly navigated difficult moments and demonstrated a solid understanding of his topics. Conversely, another segment hosted by David Exel titled “Gallery” faced challenges. Exel, generally an effective host, struggled during a discussion with Police Minister Mr Allen regarding the use of police dogs in demonstrations, which resulted in a more subdued exchange than expected. Exel's persistence in seeking vigorous debate led to repetitive questioning when faced with Allen’s calm and measured responses. “Gallery” also touched on the theme of racial issues, featuring Bobbie Sykes advocating for Australian aborigines and former rugby player Andrew Mulligan reporting from South Africa about multi-racial sports developments. This inclusion provided a fresh perspective on the often contentious discussions around apartheid. Meanwhile, ""The Outcasts"" aimed to transcend the typical Western genre. Starring Don Murray and Otis Young, the plot featured themes of materialism versus human values as their characters sheltered from hostile Indian forces. The storytelling included a sentimental twist where the white protagonist lost his sight during a protracted night battle but remarkably regained it once the conflict subsided. The film raised questions about practicality, particularly in terms of ammunition supply amidst the unfolding gunfight.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720325_2_36_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720325.2.36.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,70286400
4482,29,03,1972,"Startling Improvement Shown By ""section 7” (Press, 29 March 1972)","The New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation's drama series ""Section 7"" was initially perceived as a failure, but a shift occurred following the airing of ""The Applicant"" on Monday night, 27 March 1972. This episode, written by Michael Noonan, proved to be the strongest of the series, showcasing a compelling storyline with purpose and clarity. The performances in this episode were significantly enhanced, particularly that of Ewen Solon, who portrayed a judicious and firm character during two critical interviews. Jeremy Stephens, playing the Rev. Michael McLachlan, delivered a natural and eloquent performance, effectively conveying his character's internal conflict regarding a personal sin. Stephen Gordon, as Alan Cole—a man who faced societal rejection after serving time for a homosexual offence—was also commendable, although there were some technical flaws, such as inadequate sound quality and weaker portrayals in minor roles. One notable performance was by Valerie Lawson, who played Angela McLachlan, the disillusioned wife of the minister. Despite having a limited scene, her portrayal was quite effective. The episode benefited from careful direction, particularly in quick cuts that contrasted the troubled Cole with the more confident applicant. The use of camera work at a construction site added visual interest. In addition to ""Section 7,"" the overview also highlights another segment called ""A Personal Affair."" Starring Leslie Sands, John Aiderton, and Ann Castle, this piece delivered strong and engaging drama, making the most of the demanding roles. A documentary titled ""A Nice Sort of Accident to Have"" also aired, examining safety standards in motor vehicles and on roads, revealing that 85 per cent of road accidents were attributed to driving behaviour rather than physical road conditions. This programme was noted for its dispassionate presentation of the research relating to driving safety equipment and offered valuable insights. Rodney Bryant's presence as a frontman on ""The South Tonight"" was also positively reviewed, with his engaging presentation style and genuine interest in the material coming through strongly. Overall, the recent broadcasts were appreciated for their improvement in quality and depth, marking a notable turn for the series and its associated programmes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720329_2_34_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720329.2.34.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,70632000
4483,01,04,1972,"Poem Indecent—s.m. (Press, 1 April 1972)","On March 31, 1972, the Victoria University Students’ Association was found guilty of printing an indecent document concerning the poem “A Day for a Lay,” which was published in the university magazine ""Salient"" on April 7, 1971. The Magistrate, Mr D. J. Sullivan, gave a reserved decision stating that the poem presented a vulgar depiction of sexual acts associated with a deviant lifestyle and lacked literary merit, appealing only to those with prurient interests. The Students' Association had pleaded not guilty to the charge, which arose after the Wanganui Chronicle, responsible for printing ""Salient,"" refused to print the poem. The association decided to print 3,500 copies themselves, believing the poem to be a significant literary work. A copy of the magazine was obtained by the police from a Wellington bookshop, where it had been prominently displayed. During the proceedings, the Magistrate highlighted that the poem described sexual behaviour in an exaggeratedly perverse manner, citing its origins from the English poet W. H. Auden, dating back to around 1931. Although the poem had been suppressed for years, it was recently published in the overseas magazine ""Avant Garde."" In his judgment, the Magistrate acknowledged evolving societal attitudes towards sexual and homosexual issues but stated that literature has to maintain a balance. He argued that while it is acceptable to explore deviant behaviours in literature, the work in question crossed a line into prurience and perversion, becoming irresponsible in its distribution. The Magistrate concluded that while the poem was primarily meant for a student audience, it was not exclusively private as members of the public could acquire the magazine. The court imposed a fine of $100, in addition to $5 in court costs and a $50 solicitor’s fee. He noted that even though the association acted with intellectual intent, this did not equate to maturity, and attributed their actions to inexperience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720401_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720401.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,70891200
6570,11,04,1972,"State Department Attacked (Press, 11 April 1972)","On 11 April 1972, the President of the New Zealand University Students' Association (N.Z.U.S.A.), Mr D. B. C. Cuthbert, announced that a nomination for the South-East Asian and Pacific student leader grant had been rejected by the United States State Department. The reason cited for this rejection was that the nominee, Miss Ngahuia Volkerling, a student from Auckland University, was labelled a ""sexual deviate"" due to her openness about being a lesbian on her application. Cuthbert expressed strong discontent regarding the decision and the secrecy surrounding it, stating it was unacceptable. The student leader grant scheme, which has been in existence since 1965, has allowed 19 New Zealand students to experience study and life in the U.S., with New Zealand being unique in that its national student body directly submits nominations after evaluating a broad spectrum of student leaders. Miss Volkerling was selected unanimously from 14 applicants by a selection committee consisting of the president of N.Z.U.S.A. and two former participants. However, her candidness about her sexual orientation led to the nomination's dismissal. Mr J. M. Houlahan, the cultural affairs officer at the U.S. Embassy, confirmed the rejection was due to her being considered a “sexual deviate” but declined to provide this explanation in written form despite repeated requests from N.Z.U.S.A. In response to the situation, the Auckland University Students' Association expressed unanimous support for a motion to withdraw from the student leader grant scheme at its annual meeting. This motion is set to be discussed further at the association's upcoming May council meeting. Cuthbert lamented that the discrimination displayed by a U.S. representative could jeopardise a valuable programme that has benefitted numerous New Zealand students. The student leader grant is part of various international grants provided by the U.S. State Department but is administered independently in the U.S. The final decisions regarding grant recipients in New Zealand rest with the U.S. Embassy. In contrast to Australia, where selection is handled by a vice-chancellors' committee, New Zealand's chosen nominees are determined by a student panel operating under guidelines established by N.Z.U.S.A., in conjunction with the U.S. Embassy. This year, the selection panel consisted of Mr Cuthbert, the education vice-president, and the association’s administrative officer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720411_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720411.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,71755200
4484,13,04,1972,"Priest Helping Homosexuals (Press, 13 April 1972)","On 12 April 1972, the New Zealand Press Association reported that a Roman Catholic priest, the Rev. F. Donnelly, had established a homosexual bureau in Auckland aimed at providing confidential advice and support to homosexuals. This initiative followed Father Donnelly's extensive six-month research, during which he sought out and interviewed 60 self-identified homosexuals to gain insight into their experiences and challenges. Holding a diploma in criminology and serving as a lecturer in community health at the Auckland University School of Medicine, Father Donnelly leveraged his background in education and youth outreach, having previously founded the Young Christian Students’ Movement and Youthline. Father Donnelly noted that homosexuals often lacked safe spaces to turn for help without the fear of incrimination. He emphasised the need for a supportive environment where individuals could receive empathetic and knowledgeable assistance regarding their sexuality. He projected that upon the bureau's establishment, many young people, particularly those aged 15 to 17, would seek help. He estimated that at least one in twenty individuals might be grappling with homosexual issues, highlighting that this figure could underrepresent the true number, as many individuals were uncertain about their sexuality. In addition to his work on the homosexual bureau, the report mentioned that the flood-damaged Kawatiri bridge over the Hope River was expected to reopen to traffic on the same day, marking a recovery from severe flooding that had affected the eastern approaches to the structure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720413_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720413.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,71928000
3975,15,04,1972,"“Gallery” In A Better Light (Press, 15 April 1972)","The ""Gallery"" programme has shown unpredictable variations in its content and impact recently, prompting criticism from viewers. However, the edition aired on 13 April 1972 was noted for its quality. It focused primarily on two topics: the Government’s tariff protection policy and the Gay Liberation movement's protests against New Zealand's homosexual laws. The first segment featured manufacturers discussing the impact of tariff policies, prompting mixed reactions. While the Minister of Customs, Mr Gair, believed the presentation was unfair, the interviews with manufacturers likely resonated with viewers, making it a pertinent and engaging topic in contrast to recent choices. The handling of the subject was considered thorough and relevant, appealing to a broad audience. The second part of the programme shifted to the growing Gay Liberation movement, which is seeking to challenge the existing homosexual laws in New Zealand. This segment featured considered commentary from movement spokespeople, though it was noted that the opposing viewpoint was inadequately represented, with only a brief statement from an Auckland police officer. This imbalance raised questions about the strength of public support for reforms reflecting greater discussion of differing perspectives. In addition to ""Gallery,"" the review touched on the television drama ""The Spanish Farm,"" now in its third episode. The acting remained solid, yet there were concerns about the clarity of the narrative for viewers unfamiliar with previous episodes. The character Madeleines' search for Georges, central in earlier episodes, was not as clear in this instalment, which might have left some viewers confused about her motivations. Also mentioned was ""The Outcasts,"" now nearing its conclusion. The review was less favourable, criticising the repetitive conflict between the titular characters, which had grown tiresome. Despite some appealing scenery, the production was described as looking fatigued and lacking freshness. Overall, the broadcasts showcased a mix of engaging, informative content and disappointing narratives, with viewers alternately satisfied and frustrated by the offerings of the television landscape in April 1972.","gay liberation movement",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720415_2_46_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720415.2.46.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,72100800
6571,15,04,1972,"Selections From The New Fiction Lists (Press, 15 April 1972)","The review published on 15 April 1972 discusses several notable books. The first, ""Three"" by Sylvia Ashton Warner, revolves around a New Zealand mother who travels to London after her son Julian contracts a virus. As her son begins to recover, he is joined by his French wife, Angelique. The narrative explores the complex relationships between the three as they navigate emotional tensions and a significant generation gap, with Julian expressing disdain for emotionalism, while his mother grapples with her intense feelings for him, and Angelique embodies a carefree lifestyle that frustrates her mother-in-law. Next is Mary Scott's ""I Don't Who Will?"" featuring Laura Howard, a recently married woman facing the challenges of managing her grandmother's estate, wherein her selfish cousins reside. Laura's husband, Derek, struggles with the intrusions of her relatives, and an experienced aunt provides guidance as the family dynamics unfold. The novel is acknowledged for its amusing dialogue and vivid portrayal of New Zealand rural life. In ""Left for Dead"" by Jane White, the protagonist Eve Cresset suffers from the traumatic aftermath of her brutal rape, which leaves her with amnesia and pregnant. The story explores her psychological turmoil as she relives her memories, eventually recalling the assault as her attacker is apprehended. Eve's conflicting emotions and relationships, particularly with a lesbian friend, contribute to the narrative's complexity. James Barlow's controversial novel ""In All Good Faith"" advocates for broader abortion rights through the story of a young doctor in Hobart. When faced with the ethical dilemma of a friend seeking an abortion and subsequent tragedies arising from failed medical guidance, Truscott's actions lead to a trial that exposes the medical community's challenges regarding abortion laws. ""Tomorrow's Fortune"" by Kathleen Conlan unravels over four days as the lives of David, Emma, Geraldine, and Patrick intersect during a snowstorm. The characters navigate complicated relationships, infidelity, and the distancing effects of personal secrets, particularly Emma's deceitful actions and the aftermath of her choices. Moira Burgess's ""The Day Before Tomorrow"" is set in a Glasgow slum, chronicling the Sheehan and Brady families against a backdrop of community turmoil and personal struggles. With a sex maniac threatening the neighbourhood, the narrative intertwines various characters, showcasing their resilience amid adversity. Lastly, ""The Towers of Silence"" by Paul Scott, the third book in a series, presents a contemplative exploration of life in India during significant historical shifts. The story centres on Miss Barbara Batchelor and her evolving relationship with Mabel Layton, encompassing themes of friendship and the invading repercussions of war. In ""A Little Murder Music"" by Diana Ramsay, the story unfolds within a New York orchestra that becomes embroiled in a murder mystery following the conductor's assassination during a performance. The investigation reveals the hidden tensions and conflicts within the ensemble, culminating in a dramatic confrontation with the truth. Each review highlights the authors' unique storytelling styles and the intricate themes of relationship dynamics, moral dilemmas, societal issues, and personal growth woven throughout the narratives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720415_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720415.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,72100800
4485,20,04,1972,"Court Asked To Rule If Man Can Be Prostitute (Press, 20 April 1972)","On 18 April 1972, the Auckland Magistrate’s Court was set to rule on an unusual legal case regarding the definition of a common prostitute. Stanley Te Puke, a 19-year-old unemployed telephone operator, was charged with loitering in Queen Street while importuning passengers for the purpose of prostitution. He had been remanded on bail and admitted to the charge in an earlier hearing, but a retrial was granted following a request from his lawyer, Mr D. R. Lange. The key issue at stake was whether the term ""prostitute"" could apply to men, as it lacked a clear definition in the law. The police, represented by Senior Sergeant R. V. Downie, argued that the absence of a specific definition meant that males could equally be included under the term ""prostitute."" They contended that previous court decisions had not ruled out the possibility of male prostitution, even if the traditional understanding of the term largely focused on women. The prosecution's position was that the law concerning prostitutes could be applied to men, as male prostitution exists and has been acknowledged in various contexts, including English legislation. In contrast, Te Puke's defence cited definitions from multiple dictionaries, highlighting the conventional association of prostitution with women. Lange argued that the Crown needed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Te Puke was a ""common prostitute,"" reigniting the debate about legislative intent. He claimed that penal statutes should be interpreted strictly, protecting the accused if any ambiguity existed within the definitions provided by the law, particularly in light of distinctions drawn between prostitution and homosexual acts in legal codes. As the magistrate, Mr C. E. H. Pledger, prepared to make a ruling on 27 April 1972, he noted the peculiarity of the case and sought clarity from Downie on his understanding of the term ""prostitute."" Downie admitted he found it challenging to answer without relying on his law enforcement training, indicating the complexity of the issue. The upcoming decision was poised to have significant implications for the legal interpretation of sex work in New Zealand, particularly concerning the recognition of male prostitutes under the existing legislation. This case not only involved legal definitions but also touched on broader societal attitudes towards sexuality and gender roles during the early 1970s in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720420_2_179.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720420.2.179,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,72532800
3976,04,05,1972,"Attitude To Homosexuals Criticised (Press, 4 May 1972)","On 4 May 1972, Mrs Ngahuia Volkering, a representative of New Zealand’s first Gay Liberation Front, addressed over 250 students at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch. She discussed the prevailing attitudes towards male and female homosexuality in New Zealand, which she described as rooted in fear, suspicion, and outdated Victorian views of sexuality. Mrs Volkering advocated for a shift in perspective, urging New Zealanders to recognise individuals’ rights to express love and affection in their preferred ways. Highlighting the struggles faced by many homosexual individuals, she pointed out that thousands live in anxiety over potential exposure and rejection, not because they fear disclosing their sexual orientation, but due to a lack of acceptance as authentic people. She questioned why so many in society suffered discrimination based on their choice of whom to love, lamenting that homosexuals are often unjustly ostracised, losing their homes, facing public scorn, and undergoing job loss due to their sexual orientation. Mrs Volkering emphasised that the right to love and affection is something most people take for granted, and she challenged her audience to understand why homosexuals should have to fight for similar rights. Furthermore, she critiqued society's fixation on the sexual aspects of homosexuality, arguing that this narrow focus prevented a broader understanding of the emotional capacities of homosexuals. She expressed hope that both the Labour and National parties' support for homosexual law reform indicated progress towards societal acceptance, which could lead New Zealand to become more aligned with the progressive attitudes already seen in other countries.","Ngahuia Te Awekotuku; Ngahuia Volkering",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720504_2_151.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720504.2.151,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,73742400
4486,04,05,1972,"Lincoln Students Defer Decision (Press, 4 May 1972)","On 4 May 1972, a special meeting of students at Lincoln College was held to discuss pressing issues, including the proposed Springbok tour scheduled for 1973. The students voted 173 to 119 to defer any further discussion on the tour until the next meeting, to be convened in June. This decision was made to allow members of the student association time to review documentation prepared for and against the tour, as well as to consider its potential impact on New Zealand society. Additionally, during the meeting, the student association expressed support for the legalisation of marijuana. They called on the Government to impose stricter penalties against the ""excessively profitable"" distribution of marijuana, while simultaneously discouraging the distribution of other narcotics, including LSD and opiates. The students advocated for improved rehabilitation facilities for those affected by drug addiction. Furthermore, in a significant policy shift, the association voted in favour of reforming laws regarding homosexual acts, proposing that consensual acts between adult males in private should no longer be considered an offence. This meeting reflected the students' active engagement with societal issues and their desire for progressive changes in legislation and drug policy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720504_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720504.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,73742400
7896,19,05,1972,"$l000 For Charity (Press, 19 May 1972)","On 19 May 1972, the Auckland Magistrate’s Court awarded Miss Patricia Bartlett $1,000 in damages, which she intends to donate to a charity of her choice. This decision came during her claim against Harry M. Miller Attractions, Ltd., in which she sought $3,000 for damages and costs. Her lawsuit was based on the assertion that her character, credit, and reputation had been injured due to her being implicated in public scandal, odium, and contempt during performances of the rock musical ""Hair."" Mr P. E. Jenkins, representing the defence, informed the presiding magistrate, Mr N. M. Izard, S.M., that the matter had been settled out of court. He acknowledged that the remarks concerning Miss Bartlett were meant to be humorous but stated that these references had since been removed from the production.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720519_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720519.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,75038400
3977,20,05,1972,"Violence During Speech By Miss Bartlett (Press, 20 May 1972)","On May 19, 1972, a speech delivered by Miss Patricia Bartlett in Auckland was disrupted by young demonstrators opposing her views. The event took place at the Auckland branch of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, where Bartlett was discussing the Indecent Publications Tribunal. Mid-speech, the atmosphere shifted dramatically as a group of protestors, some adorned with fake blood and carrying wooden rifles, stormed the hall. They shouted slogans such as ""Blood"" and ""War is the ultimate obscenity,"" while another group unfurled a banner proclaiming ""Gay Liberation."" As the protestors chanted, Bartlett left the stage temporarily. This prompted a reaction from some audience members, primarily middle-aged individuals, who confronted the demonstrators with their handbags and umbrellas, pushing them back toward the exit. Once the situation settled, Bartlett resumed her speech, focusing on the issue of obscenity in published materials and the portrayal of women in media. She criticized the prevalence of allegedly obscene books available to booksellers and noted that reputable newspapers often featured sexually explicit advertisements. Bartlett expressed concerns over the portrayal of women, suggesting that the media contributed significantly to the devaluation of women as mere sexual objects. She also conveyed empathy for the youth, indicating that they were merely reflecting the confusing and morally ambiguous standards set by adults around them. In her view, the responsibility for society's moral decline did not rest solely on the younger generation, but rather stemmed from the adults who perpetuated these double standards.","Gay Liberation Auckland; Patricia Bartlett",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720520_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720520.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,75124800
7897,22,05,1972,"Women's News and Views... (Press, 22 May 1972)","Miss Patricia Bartlett, often perceived as a ""killjoy,"" is portrayed in a different light in an article by Rosaleen MacBrayne published on 22 May 1972. Contrary to the stereotype of a frustrated spinster intent on ruining others' enjoyment, Miss Bartlett is depicted as a sincere individual deeply concerned about the welfare of young people in New Zealand and the perceived erosion of respect for sex, women, and motherhood amid a permissive society. Despite being seen by some as absurd for her continuous objections to what she views as the mass media's preoccupation with sex, violence, and blasphemy, Miss Bartlett enjoys silent support from many New Zealand families who share her concerns but do not publicly voice their agreement. Her persistence in voicing her opinions has led even some critics to take her views seriously. Miss Bartlett's image may have suffered from media portrayals, which highlight her most scandalous comments while neglecting the research and statistics she cites to support her arguments. During a recent address at the New Zealand Motion Picture Exhibitors’ conference in Wairakei, she managed to engage her audience—many of whom may have been sceptical—with her calm, respectful demeanour and well-researched points. Known for her charm and confidence, Miss Bartlett is neither a prude nor a zealot; she speaks forthrightly on sensitive topics that might cause discomfort for others. She has faced criticism for her methods—if she critiques media without firsthand experience, she is deemed unqualified, yet attending events opens her to accusations of hypocrisy. Her challenge to those who demand scientific evidence of pornography's potential harm underscores her frustration; she questions the morality of exposing youth to potentially damaging material for the sake of research. Bartlett's controversial proposals, such as issuing identity cards for children at age 16 to better enforce age restrictions in various venues, are met with mixed reactions, though many may empathise with her concerns regarding the emotional burdens faced by children in unstable home environments. She emphasises society's obligation to protect vulnerable individuals, resonating with existing legal frameworks aimed at safeguarding citizens. Despite being the subject of mockery and mischaracterisation, Miss Bartlett's commitment to her campaign against pornography is unwavering. Her relentless efforts may frustrate government officials and those in the arts, yet they also raise important questions about the lengths individuals will go to defend their principles publicly. The article ultimately calls for a more nuanced understanding and appreciation of her dedication, challenging readers to consider their own willingness to stand up for their beliefs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720522_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720522.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,75297600
4487,23,05,1972,"Drugs Seen As Election Issue (Press, 23 May 1972)","On 23 May 1972, Mr J. McNicol, a former journalist and now a full-time evangelist, expressed his concerns regarding the potential legalisation of marijuana in New Zealand. Speaking in Christchurch, he highlighted that this issue would be significant in the upcoming General Election. McNicol, who founded Narcotics Anonymous in the UK in 1962 and the National Association of Drug Addiction in 1965, noted a growing fear of permissive groups within New Zealand that he believed could undermine societal values. He pointed out that a 'Left wing' element in the country was advocating for more relaxed laws related to marijuana, abortion, and homosexual activity. During an interview on a television programme titled 'Gallery', McNicol expressed disappointment that he was unable to better articulate his views on the 'Left wing' influence in New Zealand, as the interview was cut short. He cautioned that clergymen should focus on religious matters rather than engage in discussions on contentious topics like drugs and abortion during election periods. McNicol asserted that while marijuana is not physically addictive, psychological dependence can develop, and its side effects can be severe. He referenced concerns from Australia regarding the implications of marijuana use, such as impaired driving. McNicol also noted that the World Health Organisation highlighted the potential danger of toxins from marijuana, particularly their impact on the kidneys. He suggested that if marijuana were to be legalised, it should be produced by regulated cigarette manufacturers due to its prevalent use in that form. However, he warned that this could lead to illicit activities, where drug dealers might mix marijuana with more addictive narcotics, leading to greater societal issues. He argued against the legalisation of marijuana, citing existing problems with cigarette and alcohol use, and questioned the ability of any government to effectively regulate marijuana usage. McNicol advocated for preventative measures in education, suggesting that New Zealand should implement drug education programmes in schools like those being introduced in Britain. He detailed a curriculum for children that teaches safe medical practices and warns against drug abuse for older students. In conclusion, McNicol stressed that while the drug situation in New Zealand might worsen, the country's geographic isolation and the vigilance of its government and customs authorities could offer some protection. He commended the Customs Department and the police drug squad for their efforts despite facing challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720523_2_158.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720523.2.158,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,75384000
4488,30,05,1972,"Most Life Line Callers Women (Press, 30 May 1972)","In Christchurch, the Life Line organisation reported concerning statistics regarding mental health in its annual summary for 1972. The data revealed that out of 4003 calls made to the phone counselling service, a significant majority, 2890, were from women, while 1113 were from men. Mrs N. Johnston, the organisation's secretary, highlighted that most callers were experiencing serious depression, often struggling to articulate their feelings. Loneliness was a predominant issue noted among the depressed individuals. Mrs Johnston explained that many women found it difficult to escape their home environments, which frequently contributed to their mental health struggles. She indicated that women, being generally more dependent, were more inclined to seek help compared to men. Furthermore, in unhappy marriages, women were often more vulnerable and threatened. Those who called in for support were sometimes directed to medical and psychiatric facilities for additional help. While the number of people reaching out for advice on sexual problems was not the largest demographic, Mrs Johnston pointed out that this group had significant needs. Notably, calls from homosexuals, totalling 54, revealed that guilt was their primary issue. Many were unable to reconcile their self-identity with the acceptance of society, which hindered their process of self-acceptance. The ability to change was also expressed as challenging, even with professional assistance. The report indicated an increase in suicide calls, rising by 20 from the previous year to a total of 86, with the main causes being depression and loneliness. Life Line's extensive volunteer team of 100 members engaged in various forms of social welfare, including providing food, employment, clothing, furniture, and accommodation. They also offered marital and family guidance and facilitated referrals for medical and financial assistance. To improve their service, Life Line began implementing more detailed statistical analyses of the issues presented by callers. This initiative enabled the organisation to identify emerging trends and tailor training for their staff accordingly. Additionally, it fostered increased cooperation with other counselling and referral centres to enhance the effectiveness of their support services. Recognising Life Line's crisis-centre role, Mrs Johnston underscored its value in offering both short-term counselling and supportive resources for those in urgent need.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720530_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720530.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,75988800
4489,03,06,1972,"Cable News In Brief (Press, 3 June 1972)","On 3 June 1972, various significant news events were reported. A Japanese factory, responsible for producing a chemical aimed at preventing water pollution, has halted its operations due to allegations of causing air pollution. In Alabama, the surgery for Governor George Wallace intended to remove a bullet from his spine has been postponed again. Hospital officials indicated that while the drainage from his abdominal infection is moderate and improving, the Governor is enjoying a regular diet with an increasing appetite. However, he has been prohibited from receiving visitors since the previous Monday. In Moscow, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet unanimously ratified a non-aggression treaty between West Germany and the Soviet Union. Dr Kurt Waldheim, the United Nations Secretary-General, announced the need to renew the mandate for the UN peacekeeping force in Cyprus due to ongoing tensions. He has suggested a six-month extension until 15 December in a report to the Security Council. In Djakarta, Indonesia, the demand for telephones is reported to be drastically higher than supply, with only 42,000 available against a requirement of 420,000, as stated by the Director-General of Posts and Telecommunications. Cuban leader Dr Fidel Castro has arrived in Hungary for a goodwill visit as part of his six-week tour of Eastern Europe, which includes stops in Czechoslovakia, East Germany, and Poland. In Washington, it has been announced that homosexual acts between consenting adults in private will no longer be subject to criminal prosecution. This agreement with the American Civil Liberties Union marks a significant change for the estimated 50,000 homosexuals in the city. A report from London reveals that approximately 500 passengers have already booked flights on the British Overseas Airways Corporation's Concorde, expected to enter regular service in early 1975, indicating high demand for the supersonic airliner. The US officially announced its first bilateral aid agreement with Bangladesh, which includes a $59 million grant for rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts in the new country, aimed at importing US commodities and funding construction projects. Lastly, an album of 20 watercolours by Joseph Lycett, a convict deported to New South Wales in 1811, was sold for £9,500 at Sotheby’s in London. These paintings, depicting Aborigines in various activities within the picturesque New South Wales landscape, were purchased on behalf of an unnamed Australian. In Italy, three policemen were killed in a car bomb explosion near the Yugoslav border, an incident leading to stern reactions from leaders amid a rise in police attacks in Northern Italy. This violence follows the shocking assassination of a leading Milanese policeman, Dr Luigi Calabresi, which has intensified concerns regarding law and order in the country under a caretaker government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720603_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720603.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,76334400
4490,17,06,1972,"Cable Items In Brief (Press, 17 June 1972)","On 17 June 1972, several notable news stories were reported. Air France announced significant airline concessions aimed at young travellers and newlyweds. The airline will offer a 50 per cent discount for newly married couples travelling from Paris to Nice or Corsica, and reductions of 60 to 70 per cent for young people flying to destinations such as the Atlantic and the Far East. In a tragic incident off eastern Japan, a crew member tragically died, and four others were injured in an explosion aboard the British freighter Cheshire. The explosion happened during a welding operation, although the damage to the vessel was reported as minimal. A United Nations mission focused on decolonisation left New York to investigate conditions in Papua New Guinea and the New Zealand-administered Pacific Island of Niue. This mission is the first of its kind sent by the Special Committee of 24, which aims to gather information and understand the aspirations of the local populations. The group is led by Mr Salim Ahmed Salim from Tanzania, along with representatives from Trinidad and Tobago and Sweden. In the realm of luxury goods, American wine merchant Peter Morrell acquired a rare double-magnum of Chateau Lafite from 1865 at an auction in London for a staggering £410, equivalent to roughly NZ$900. This wine had originally been bought for the cellars of the fifth Earl of Rosebery. In a lighter incident, a rat caused an interruption during a court session in London. The presiding judge, Mr Justice Rigg, had to briefly adjourn the hearing of an arson case after a juror pointed out the rodent's presence. After a short delay for vermin control to manage the situation, the hearing resumed. Russian scientists conducted investigations of underwater volcanoes in the Mediterranean using a remote-controlled device called a “crab,” which was likened to the Lunokhod that explored the Moon’s surface. The craft was operated through an electric cable. In a significant decision, the UN Security Council approved a six-month extension for its peacekeeping force in Cyprus, set to continue until 15 December 1972. The extension was agreed upon unanimously by all council members except for China, which abstained. UN Secretary-General Dr Kurt Waldheim expressed concerns about the troubling situation on the island after returning from discussions in Cyprus, Turkey, and Greece. In a court ruling in New Orleans, a Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a damages award of US$41,753 to Charles Mobbs who claimed to have lost his sense of taste after consuming a soft drink produced by Hammond Bottling Company. On a cultural note, a rally to commemorate “Gay Pride Week” was planned in Greenwich Village, New York, coinciding with Father’s Day. Organisers included various activities such as a kissing booth, dancing, and fortune telling, culminating in a march through Manhattan to Central Park. Finally, in response to a public health crisis due to illegal liquor sales that resulted in fatalities, officials in New Delhi halved the price of “country liquor” to five rupees a bottle, while imposing an additional tax on imported liquors to offset revenue losses.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720617_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720617.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,77544000
4491,19,06,1972,"“N.z. Listener” (Press, 19 June 1972)","In a letter to the editor published on 19 June 1972, a correspondent named Jim Abelson critiques the cultural journal “Listener,” responding to a previous comment by I. Trew regarding the readership of such publications. Abelson posits that the number of individuals purchasing cultural journals is not indicative of intelligence or intellect. He acknowledges that “Listener” features accomplished writers but asserts that it primarily caters to a narrow demographic aligned with the Katherine Mansfield school of thought, characterised by a form of elitism and pseudo-liberal viewpoints. Abelson argues that the magazine's focus on topics like homosexual law reform and marijuana legalisation limits its appeal. He describes its audience as a small, self-indulgent group engaged in activities such as wine snobbery, contract bridge, and crossword puzzles, while more common pastimes like boating, knitting, and collecting stamps or coins are overlooked. Furthermore, he expresses a pessimistic view on the sustainability of cultural journals, suggesting that despite their potential quality, their circulation is likely to remain small without broader appeal. Abelson proposes that if advance television programme listings were made available to Sunday and other newspapers—currently the exclusive domain of certain licence holders—the “Listener” would similarly face decline, joining the ranks of other recently discontinued weeklies. Abelson's letter reflects a critique of cultural exclusivity in media and suggests that without a wider cultural relevance, such publications may struggle to survive.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720619_2_103_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720619.2.103.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,77716800
4492,20,06,1972,"Sexual Problems In Marriages (Press, 20 June 1972)","On 19 June 1972, Dr. William Masters and his wife, Mrs. Virginia Masters, prominent figures in sex research, addressed the American Medical Association (AMA) during its 121st annual convention in San Francisco. They claimed that American love and marriage faced significant challenges, highlighting that approximately half of all marriages in the United States suffer from some form of sexual dysfunction affecting at least one partner. They indicated that available statistics on this issue were inaccurate, reinforcing the urgency of the situation. The Masters criticized the traditional roles of doctors and clergymen, who are typically the first points of contact for couples seeking help with marital issues. They expressed discontent with how these professionals have failed to adequately address the sexual misconceptions, misinformation, and taboos that jeopardise marriage quality and stability. The couple noted that it is ""appalling"" how these groups often overlook the need for better education and understanding surrounding sexual issues. Their statements came during a time when the convention drew significant attention, with over 10,000 doctors in attendance and hundreds of demonstrators outside advocating for various causes, such as homosexual liberation and abortion law reforms. At a press conference, Dr. Masters categorised homosexuality as a “natural function”. He shared that both he and his colleagues have been working with homosexuals to address sexual dysfunctions in the same manner as they have with heterosexuals. Furthermore, they revealed plans to release a book detailing their findings on sexual dysfunctions, including those experienced by homosexuals, due for publication in 1975 or 1976. Their research on homosexuality began in 1964, which marks a significant long-term commitment to addressing the complexities of sexual health in contemporary society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720620_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720620.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,77803200
4493,26,06,1972,"Education On Protest (Press, 26 June 1972)","In a recent letter published on 26 June 1972, B.G. Garland criticises a perspective expressed by “Great Gran” regarding the influence of societal values on youth. Garland argues that both “Great Gran” and the “protector” (Praeses) appear to lack confidence in the principles they claimed to impart to younger generations. He contends that while they might describe school children as immature and impressionable, they neglect to consider the influence of prominent figures like Mr. Philip, the Consul for South Africa, who supports policies deemed inhumane and immoral. This influence, Garland suggests, is more concerning than the actions of groups like H.A.R.T. (Halt All Racist Tours), which “Great Gran” has accused of lacking patriotism. Garland further critiques the concepts of patriotism and nationalism, arguing that they often serve as justifications for national selfishness, leading to the types of conflict seen throughout history, including under Hitler’s regime. He invokes the suffragettes as an example of a minority group that engaged in disruptive and nonviolent protests to further their cause, suggesting that their motivations are now regarded as just and their tactics more acceptable than they were viewed at the time. In another letter, N.A. Smith proposes abolishing various support and social services, including Youthline, Alcoholics Anonymous, and others, on the grounds that they, like H.A.R.T. and C.A.R.E. (Citizens' Action for Rights and Equality), advertise in “The Little Red School Book.” Smith aligns these organisations with what he perceives to be a campaign for “overt sedition in the schools,” echoing the discontent expressed by “Praeses.” The letter accompanies a call to support the M.R.A. (Moral Rearmament), reflecting a perspective that seeks to challenge the prevailing moral and social narratives of the time. Both letters illustrate a broader debate about the influence of various social movements and ideologies on youth and the societal values being taught in schools. The juxtaposition of these arguments highlights ongoing tensions regarding patriotism, morality, and the evolution of societal norms during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720626_2_96_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720626.2.96.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,78321600
7898,10,07,1972,"Censor's Power 'outrageous' (Press, 10 July 1972)","At a seminar on obscenity and censorship held on 9 July 1972 in Christchurch, lawyer D. M. Palmer expressed strong concerns regarding the extensive and loosely defined powers granted to film censors under the Cinematographic Act of 1961. He remarked that these powers were ""far too wide and far too ill-defined,"" highlighting that the act allowed censors the authority to approve, deny, modify, or impose age restrictions on films based on whether they were ""contrary to public order or decency."" Palmer illustrated his point by suggesting that a censor could prohibit a film documenting protests against the Springbok tour, claiming it could incite further demonstrations. Palmer emphasised the problematic nature of the censor’s role, noting that the act does not stipulate the qualifications or appointment process for censors, which could lead to unqualified individuals being selected arbitrarily. He also pointed out that the censor is not required to provide rationale for cuts or decisions, which undermines transparency, particularly concerning legal accountability. Among the other speakers was Rev. D. Glenny from St Stephen's Presbyterian Church, who argued that education, rather than legislation, should be the foundation for addressing issues of obscenity and censorship. He contended that the law cannot improve human behaviour and should instead support educational initiatives, rather than serve as mere prohibition. Rev. C. A. Mitchell from the Campbell Centre for Counselling shared his perspective, stating that unnecessary censorship only heightens curiosity and anxiety among youth. He suggested that while obscenity is often linked to sexual content, it also encompasses broader issues such as racism and violence. Drawing from research, he argued that sexual offences tend to arise from repressive backgrounds, and that liberalising pornography laws in Denmark had not led to increases in sexual crimes, supporting the idea that access to such material could fulfil a societal need. Senior lecturer at the University of Canterbury, Dr. D. C. Gunby, resonated with Palmer’s apprehensions regarding censorship powers. He acknowledged progress in relaxing censorship over the previous five years but warned against complacency due to the influence of pressure groups that advocate for stricter standards. Gunby asserted that censorship infringes on individual rights to access information and assumes a kind of superiority over personal judgement. He viewed censorship as rooted in a fundamental mistrust of individuals, arguing that taboos are often irrational and present greater dangers than the issues they aim to suppress. Collectively, the seminar participants sought a thoughtful evaluation of censorship in New Zealand. They advocated for a more rationalised approach, potentially centralising censorship authority, to support educational initiatives while protecting individual freedoms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720710_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720710.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,79531200
7899,18,07,1972,"Miss Bartlett Seeks Writ Of Injunction (Press, 18 July 1972)","On 17 July 1972, the Supreme Court in Wellington, presided over by Mr Justice Haslam, adjourned a case involving Miss Patricia Maureen Bartlett, a primary school teacher from Lower Hutt, who sought an injunction to prevent the publication of the ""Patricia Bartlett Cookbook."" The case was set to continue the following day. The defendant in the case is Alister Taylor, a Wellington-based publisher. Miss Bartlett's claim asserts that the cookbook contains material directed at her, which she believes to be criminally libellous, portraying her as a sexual deviant engaged in perverted practices. She expressed concerns about the potential for significant distress and embarrassment resulting from the book's publication. Through her counsel, Mr G. W. Alderdice, Bartlett highlighted that she has been actively involved in campaigning for amendments to legislation aimed at curbing the publication of pornographic materials, thus adding weight to her concern regarding the book. During the proceedings, Mr Alderdice noted a challenge in substantiating the claim, as the evidence presented in the affidavit relied largely on hearsay. He acknowledged that Miss Bartlett had not seen the book and was acting in good faith based on the information available to her. The main objective of her legal action was to avert what she believed would be both embarrassment and criminal libel if the book included the material she feared. Justice Haslam remarked on the urgency of the matter when it was brought to his attention the previous Friday; however, he indicated that he was not fully aware of the application's merits. He decided to postpone the matter, allowing for further discussion regarding its scheduling. Shortly after the adjournment, Mr Alderdice requested that Miss Bartlett's application replace another case scheduled for the following day. Justice Haslam complied, instructing that counsel could seek a new date from the registrar instead. Mr H. C. MacNeill represented Mr Taylor during the hearing. The court's considerations reflect ongoing tensions in the realm of publication rights, personal reputation, and the extent of legal remedies available in response to perceived harms from published works.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720718_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720718.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,80222400
7900,19,07,1972,"Injunction Refused (Press, 19 July 1972)","On 19 July 1972, the Supreme Court in Wellington dismissed an application by Patricia Maureen Bartlett, a primary school teacher from Lower Hutt, for an interim injunction to prevent the publication of a cookbook titled ""Patricia Bartlett Cookbook."" Mr Justice Roper presided over the case, stating that it was not practical to determine definitively whether the book was ""unquestionably libellous"" without its contents being presented in court. Miss Bartlett's counsel, Mr G. W. Alderdice, argued that the book contained references that would potentially defame her, subjecting her to public ridicule and contempt. He highlighted the urgency of the situation, noting that the publication appeared imminent, yet the publisher, Alister Taylor, had not provided access to the manuscript or related materials. Despite attempts to obtain the necessary documents via a subpoena, the exact contents of the book remained unknown, complicating the case. Counsel for Mr Taylor, Mr H. C. Mac Neil, contended that there was insufficient evidence to even establish a prima facie case of libel based on Miss Bartlett's affidavit. He pointed out that the plaintiff had alleged criminal libel, and under the Evidence Act, the defendant could not be compelled to provide evidence that might incriminate him. Mr Alderdice acknowledged the difficulties faced due to the lack of information about the book but insisted that Miss Bartlett did not intend to obstruct the publication of a potentially valuable work. Ultimately, Mr Justice Roper expressed sympathy for Miss Bartlett's predicament but concluded that it was impossible for the court to succeed in granting the injunction without knowing the book’s contents. He indicated that if the book turned out to be libellous post-publication, Miss Bartlett would have appropriate legal recourse. Following the dismissal of her application, Mr Taylor was awarded costs amounting to $40.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720719_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720719.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,80308800
6864,19,07,1972,"Swedish Sex Education Termed Miserable (Press, 19 July 1972)","On 18 July 1972, Dr Maj-Briht Bergstrom-Walan, a sexologist from Sweden's Institute for Sexual Research, spoke at an international symposium on sex education held in Tel Aviv. She highlighted the disconnect between Sweden's reputation as a sexually progressive nation and the reality of its sex education programmes, which she described as ""miserable"" and often non-existent in universities and teachers’ colleges. Dr Bergstrom-Walan advocated for a shift in focus from a clinical approach to one that emphasises human connection and tenderness, underscoring the importance of teaching children about affection, warmth, and closeness from an early age. The symposium, attended by around 600 participants from 20 countries, was noted as the first of its kind. Dr Bergstrom-Walan challenged the perception that Sweden is free of sexual prejudices, pointing out that despite the country’s 15-year history of compulsory sex education and the availability of informative literature and films, societal attitudes towards certain sexual identities remain restrictive. She questioned the extent of Sweden’s openness, citing that individuals with ""deviant"" sexual habits, including homosexuals and transvestites, often face social stigma. She expressed concern over the lack of adequate knowledge among professionals such as teachers, doctors, and psychologists regarding sex education, noting that many questions submitted to newspapers indicated a significant demand for information, illustrating that misconceptions persist even in a supposedly enlightened society. Dr Vasco Bruto da Costa from Portugal, who presided over the International Union of School and University Health and Medicine, echoed her sentiments, asserting that sex education should be a vital part of the school curriculum to prevent harm to adolescents, such as the spread of venereal diseases. An Israeli participant, Dr Zvi Segal, remarked on the lifelong nature of sexual education, suggesting that the various stages of sexual development have profound impacts on human personality throughout life. The symposium sought to address these critical issues and advocate for a comprehensive, informed, and compassionate approach to sex education across societies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720719_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720719.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,80308800
4494,22,07,1972,"Enigma About Death Of Adelaide Lecturer (Press, 22 July 1972)","Dr George Ian Ogilvie Duncan, an English-born academic, drowned in the Torrens River in Adelaide on May 10, 1972, an event that has given rise to numerous mysteries and controversies involving police, homosexuals, and an unclaimed estate valued at $50,000. Dr Duncan, 41, who was described as a reserved individual often seen reading ""The Times,"" was a lecturer in law at the University of Adelaide. Following an 11-day inquest, the Coroner, Mr T. E. Cleland, determined that Dr Duncan's death was due to drowning brought about by violence at the hands of unidentified individuals. Witnesses stated that Dr Duncan had been thrown into the river, where his body was found in a state of neglect. Roger Wesley James, a key witness, recounted that he observed Dr Duncan being attacked by a group of men at the river's edge. After being assaulted himself, James managed to escape and reported seeing Dr Duncan struggling for breath before being submerged. Although he was later rescued and brought to the hospital, James suffered from a broken ankle and was in a state of distress when found. The inquest highlighted an unsettling atmosphere within the police department, as three members of the Adelaide vice squad who were present near the scene chose not to answer questions during the proceedings, invoking legal privilege. This lack of cooperation led to public scrutiny, resulting in their resignation after the inquest concluded. In response to the growing concerns surrounding the case, the state government offered a $5,000 reward for any information that could lead to a conviction regarding Dr Duncan's death. Dr Duncan was known to have identified as a homosexual, and his death raised significant questions about the treatment of the homosexual community in Adelaide. In light of these events, a call for reform emerged, manifesting in a campaign for the legalisation of homosexuality. A 20-cent button appeared on the streets of Adelaide with the slogan ""How many more Duncans? Legalise homosexuality now."" This advocacy was further supported by a member of the South Australian Legislative Assembly, who announced intentions to introduce a private member’s bill aimed at legalising private homosexual acts between consenting adults. As the case remains unsolved, the circumstances surrounding Dr Duncan’s death serve not only as a tragic reminder of an individual life lost but also as a catalyst for discussions and movements seeking change in societal attitudes towards homosexuality in South Australia. By July 1972, the mystery was unresolved, with police efforts ongoing and the public increasingly invested in both justice for Dr Duncan and reform of the legal framework surrounding homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720722_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720722.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,80568000
4495,31,07,1972,"“Frustration” About Democratic Process (Press, 31 July 1972)","On 31 July 1972, Mr J. Crichton, the president of the University of Canterbury Students’ Association, expressed his concerns about the New Zealand government's lack of action regarding the reform of laws related to male homosexuality. His comments were made in the context of a meeting with Prime Minister Mr Marshall, where student leaders representing over 50,000 students gathered to voice their opinions. Crichton noted that the topic of homosexual law reform was of significant interest, as it illustrated a broader frustration among young people about the democratic processes in the country. He emphasised that there was considerable support for reform, including endorsements from the annual conferences of both the National and Labour parties. This disconnect between political endorsement and legislative action left many young individuals feeling disillusioned. Crichton argued that it was contradictory for the government to seek the involvement of young people in democracy while seemingly disregarding their input. He pointed out that such frustrations might lead young people to engage in protests as a means of expressing their dissatisfaction. Crichton highlighted a common parliamentary sentiment that the country was not ready for changes in homosexual law. He countered this argument by recalling the government's proactive approach in other areas, such as the abolition of corporal punishment, which ultimately garnered public acceptance. He critiqued the government's tendency to conform to majority opinion rather than take a leadership role in advancing social progress. During discussions on the subject of free speech, Crichton made it clear that many students perceived the government's inaction as an infringement on the rights of minority groups, including the LGBTQ+ community. He warned that the ongoing situation regarding homosexual law reform could have negative implications for the future of race relations in New Zealand, indicating a broader concern about the government’s responsiveness to minority rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720731_2_206.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720731.2.206,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,81345600
4496,02,08,1972,"Riccarton Players (Press, 2 August 1972)","The Riccarton Players performed a series of plays at the Nelson Street Hall from 1 to 4 August 1972, showcasing three productions: “A Deal to Judge,” “A Tale of Five Farthings,” and “Irresistible Albert.” The performances ran from 8 p.m. to 10.5 p.m. with “A Deal to Judge” receiving particular attention for its improvement over the previous week’s Theatre Federation festival showing. The audience found that the introductory episode was better controlled, allowing for more engagement with the set and a more refined use of lighting. However, there were still suggestions for further enhancements, particularly in making certain elements, like the presence of a young homosexual ballet dancer, more difficult to notice. The cast seemed to be more relaxed after their previous performances, but some speeches, notably by the character Wand, could have benefited from more varied pacing and emphasis. “A Tale of Five Farthings,” a melodrama contributed by anonymous writers, captivated the audience through its extravagant treatment, prompting lively audience participation. Janet Jamieson’s performance as the heroine was highlighted by her vibrant singing, while Colin Alexander’s portrayal of the villainous Lord Lummee effectively showcased his flexible vocal skills. The production, while engaging, reportedly could use additional theatrical flair and a quicker pacing in the conclusion to enhance the perception of the plot’s contrived nature. “Irresistible Albert” featured a Cockney Casanova dealing with his charm issues, seeking help from a psychiatrist, played by Ron McQuillan. The storyline depicted how Albert’s affections unwittingly captivate the psychiatrist’s staff, portrayed by Ann Harvey and Yvonne Penman. John Goodliffe’s performance as the apologetic Albert received commendation, although some supporting roles were noted as less effective. Nonetheless, this play was deemed very amusing and well-received by the audience. The production was presented in collaboration with the St Christopher’s Drama Group, marking a notable addition to the Riccarton Players’ lineup. Overall, the performances highlighted the talent and production skills of the local theatre scene in 1972.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720802_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720802.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,81518400
7901,05,08,1972,"Temporary-ban Power Sought For Tribunal (Press, 5 August 1972)","On 5 August 1972, news emerged from Wellington regarding the introduction of the Indecent Publications Amendment Bill in New Zealand Parliament. The bill grants the chairman of the Indecent Publications Tribunal the authority to issue interim restriction orders on books or sound recordings submitted to the tribunal. This order would temporarily prohibit the distribution, sale, or any dealings with the publication while the tribunal deliberates. Such an order would initially last for one month but could be extended for an additional two months, providing the tribunal adequate time to reach a decision. During the introduction of the bill, the Minister of Justice, Sir Roy Jack, acknowledged that the proposed measure did not fully satisfy some critics, as it does not automatically ban the sale of publications before a tribunal ruling. Instead, it enables the Comptroller of Customs or the Secretary of Justice to petition for an interim order once a publication is submitted. Sir Roy Jack emphasised that this process interposes judicial authority between the Executive and the public, ensuring appropriate safeguards for individual freedoms regarding publication distribution. Another significant change introduced in the bill is a clause stipulating that if the tribunal identifies at least three editions of a periodical as indecent within a twelve-month period, it may implement an order effective for up to two years on all subsequent issues. Future editions would be presumed indecent unless explicitly cleared by the tribunal. The bill also aligns the tribunal's procedures more closely with those of the courts concerning decision announcements, removing the obligation to disclose every decision in open court while maintaining the overall publicity of the decisions. New offences of strict liability are introduced, making it illegal to sell or distribute indecent documents or sound recordings, exhibit such documents in public view, or send unsolicited indecent materials for payment. The maximum fine for these offences is raised from NZ$200 to NZ$500, while penalties for knowledge-based offences increase similarly, with maximum fines rising from NZ$400 to NZ$500 for individuals and from NZ$1,000 to NZ$2,000 for corporate entities. Additionally, the period for initiating proceedings is extended from six months to two years, addressing challenges in prosecuting distributors as opposed to immediate sellers. The amendments stem from recommendations made by the Petitions Committee after receiving petitions from individuals such as Miss Patricia Bartlett and others concerned about indecency issues. The police also contributed suggestions to address weaknesses within the primary act, which had not been amended since its enactment in 1963. Opposition reactions included those of Dr A. M. Finlay, who expressed initial reservations about the bill, particularly regarding the presumption of future guilt established by one of its clauses. Leader of the Opposition Mr Kirk raised concerns that a restricted publication list could inadvertently serve as a guide to pornography. In response, Sir Roy Jack assured that the maximum three-month duration of restriction orders would protect the public effectively. The bill has been scheduled for a first reading and referred to the Statutes Revision Committee for further consideration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720805_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720805.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,81777600
6572,09,08,1972,"Violence Missing In 'saved' (Press, 9 August 1972)","The University of Canterbury Drama Society staged Edward Bond's controversial play ""Saved"" at the Ngaio Marsh Theatre from August 8 to 13, 1972. Produced by Philip Holder, the performance ran each evening from 8 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. ""Saved"" is known for its provocative content, prompting debates in Britain regarding its use of shocking themes such as cannibalism and violence, including a notably disturbing scene involving the death of a baby. The production aimed to capture the essence of Bond's vision, which focuses on the violence inherent in modern society. Critics noted that while the play effectively portrayed the realism of a working-class domestic environment, the overall execution left some questions unaddressed. The domestic settings achieved a sense of verisimilitude, particularly through strong performances from actors such as Viv Daley and Ralph Johnson, who contributed depth to their roles as parents. Mary-Rose Aitken’s portrayal of their daughter garnered praise for its quality and the way it highlighted Bond's skill with naturalistic dialogue. Her early interactions with Len, played by Bob Laughton, were remarked upon for their humour and authenticity. However, the production faced challenges, notably in the efficiency of set changes which disrupted continuity. While the cast displayed a tendency to emphasize physicality, including moments of nudity, the impactful portrayal of violence as intended by Bond was not fully realised. Issues such as uneven lighting, inconsistent pacing, and some secondary performances lacking character authenticity detracted from the overall effect of the play. Among the cast, Paul Collins was singled out for his compelling portrayal of a character marked by malignancy, managing to convey the abruptness of the violent atmosphere Bond aimed to critique. His performance highlighted the play’s engagement with societal indifference to violence. In summary, while ""Saved"" presented impressive elements, both in terms of acting and thematic ambition, it ultimately raised concerns about its effectiveness in delivering a coherent dramatic narrative.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720809_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720809.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,82123200
7902,10,08,1972,"Book Proposals Attacked (Press, 10 August 1972)","On 9 August 1972, anti-pornography campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett expressed her concerns regarding the proposals outlined in the Indecent Publications Amendment Bill. In her statement, she highlighted a significant issue regarding the discretion given to the chairman of the Indecent Publications Tribunal, who has the authority to decide whether a book should be prohibited from sale while it is under consideration. Miss Bartlett argued that it would be more logical for any book deemed suspect to automatically be withheld from sale until it has been legally proven not to be indecent. She likened the current situation to attempting to address stream pollution after it has already been contaminated. Miss Bartlett also took issue with a provision in the bill which would allow the chairman to refuse to restrict the sale of a book without providing any reasoning. She described this lack of transparency as ""secrecy,"" especially since the current protocol requires the chairman to provide detailed reasons for decisions to the media. This, she claimed, inadvertently grants free publicity to potentially objectionable books awaiting review by the tribunal. Furthermore, Miss Bartlett expressed disappointment that there were no amendments proposed to prevent the future publication of what she referred to as ""obnoxious"" books, specifically mentioning ""The Little Red School-book."" She pointed out that many New Zealanders would be upset by the absence of measures to protect children, as the book was being sold and distributed to young children aged nine to eleven. Miss Bartlett questioned the Attorney-General’s apparent indifference to the concerns raised by parents who had protested against the book's availability. In a separate matter, it was reported that due to the new Western Samoan Citizenship Act, Western Samoans eligible to vote in New Zealand for the upcoming General Election could do so without jeopardising their Western Samoan citizenship. This clarification was provided by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sir Keith Holyoake, which highlighted a significant development for the voting rights of Western Samoans living in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720810_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720810.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,82209600
4497,12,08,1972,"Seminar On Contraception May Infringe The Law (Press, 12 August 1972)","On 12 August 1972, news broke about New Zealand's first seminar addressing contraception for secondary school pupils, scheduled to take place in Christchurch on 20 August. The seminar, organised by Miss J. S. Allan, a trainee teacher, faced potential legal consequences due to the Police Offences Amendment Act of 1954, which makes it an offence to instruct or persuade anyone under the age of 16 to use contraceptives. Miss Allan acknowledged the risks involved in hosting the seminar, highlighting the alarming statistic of numerous pregnant girls aged 13 to 15 who had either not received adequate contraceptive advice or were unaware of their options. The initiative received backing from both the New Zealand University Students’ Association and the University of Canterbury Students’ Association. Miss Allan, aligned with the Abortion Law Reform Association, Women’s Liberation movement, and Homosexual Law Reform Society, critiqued the existing legislation as ""totally unrealistic."" She expressed concern over the number of young girls experiencing unwanted pregnancies, asserting that the current law creates a ""ridiculous situation"" where no one can provide necessary advice to these adolescents. Both major political parties, Labour and National, had previously called for the repeal of the relevant sections of the Police Offences Act, yet the law still stood. Miss Allan emphasised the fallout from this ineffective regulation, sharing that the local Women’s Liberation movement received frequent calls from young girls seeking contraception advice and support. She noted that technically, parents could also be prosecuted for offering such advice to children under the age of 15, further complicating the issue. Despite her awareness of potential prosecution, Miss Allan expressed determination to proceed with the seminar as a public event, encouraging parents to join their children to foster open discussion at home about sex education, which she believed should primarily take place in familial settings. Chief Superintendent G. Tait of the Christchurch police commented on the situation, confirming that he was informed of the seminar but had not granted any assurances against prosecution. He indicated that while the seminar could proceed, if any instructional activity regarding contraception for those under 16 occurred, it would likely lead to legal action being taken. The upcoming seminar highlighted a significant intersection of social issues, including teenage pregnancy, sexual education, and the controversial legal restrictions surrounding contraceptive advice, all prompting a debate about the need for legislative reform and better support for young people.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720812_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720812.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,82382400
4498,15,08,1972,"Course Of N.z. Law Reform Discussed (Press, 15 August 1972)","On 15 August 1972, Professor J. L. Ryan, the dean of the law faculty at the University of Canterbury, expressed optimism regarding potential reforms in New Zealand’s laws pertaining to homosexuality and abortion. During an interview in Christchurch, he noted that discussions between student leaders from various universities and the Prime Minister, Mr Marshall, had recently taken place focused on the issue of homosexual law reform. Professor Ryan commended the New Zealand government for its progressive approach to law reform, highlighting its strong track record in this area. While he acknowledged that the country’s emotional climate might not yet be fully conducive to changes in laws concerning homosexuality, he believed that reforms in this domain were likely to occur in the next few years. Professor Ryan suggested that the government was judicious enough to resist pressure from the media to enact laws hastily, asserting that New Zealand's legislative processes would guide any law changes, rather than public opinion swayed by the press. Additionally, he mentioned that there were various other areas of law that required further investigation, including married women’s property rights and private property rights. Professor Ryan's comments indicated a growing awareness and potential shift towards more progressive laws relating to social issues in New Zealand. In an unrelated note, it was reported that an avalanche had blocked the Balli Hut access road at Mount Cook over the weekend, preventing bulldozers from clearing the road due to adverse weather conditions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720815_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720815.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,82641600
4499,16,08,1972,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 16 August 1972)","On 16 August 1972, a set of guidelines for letter submissions to a newspaper column was published, outlining the requirements and considerations for writers. Letters must not exceed 150 words and should be typed or clearly handwritten on one side of the paper, leaving sufficient margins and spacing. Each letter should bear a legible signature and a full address, rather than a P.O. box number. The guidelines also specify that writers must indicate whether their letter is being submitted elsewhere. The editor stated that letters not accepted for printing would neither be returned nor acknowledged, but some form of acknowledgment would be provided when necessary. The publication maintains a general rule against considering correspondence related to news items from other media outlets, such as radio and television. Several specific correspondent names were mentioned, with the editor noting the reasons for not pursuing their topics, including discussions on Rhodesia, animal cruelty, homosexual law, contraception, the sheep retention scheme, and insecticides. The letter from George M. Moir was noted to require further details before the editor could consider it useful, and the Troubled Anglican's claims about parish discussions on church union were clarified as not reflective of the general situation in many parishes. The overall intent of these guidelines is to streamline the correspondence process and ensure that relevant and pertinent topics are discussed in the column.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720816_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720816.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,82728000
4500,19,08,1972,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 19 August 1972)","On 19 August 1972, a newspaper column outlined the submission guidelines for letters intended for print. The guidelines stated that letters must not exceed 150 words and should be written clearly either typewritten or in neat ink on one side of the paper. Ample margins and line spacing were required for the ease of sub-editing. Additionally, each letter needed to include the correspondent's full name and address, with a stipulation that a P.O. box number was insufficient. Correspondents were also instructed to disclose if their submission had been sent elsewhere. The editor clarified that letters not accepted for printing would not be returned, and while correspondence may not be acknowledged generally, exceptions could be made when deemed necessary. The editor advised that letters addressing news items reported in other publications or on radio and television would typically not be accepted. The column went on to mention various individual submissions, indicating that certain topics had already been extensively discussed, such as class size, the law surrounding homosexuality, the issues faced by working wives and mothers, and contraception. Further advice was provided for a correspondent questioning issues concerning complaints about educational institutions, recommending they contact respective professional organisations for support. Overall, the column sought to establish clear criteria for submissions while managing topics deemed outside the current scope of discussion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720819_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720819.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,82987200
4501,24,08,1972,"F.b.i. Agents Kill Gunman (Press, 24 August 1972)","On 23 August 1972, an intense hostage situation unfolded at a Chase Manhattan Bank branch in Brooklyn, New York. Two armed men, one identified as John Wojtowicz, robbed the bank of $529,000. Following the robbery, they took nine bank employees hostage as police arrived. As the situation escalated, the gunmen were reportedly trying to flee the country on a private jet waiting for them at Kennedy Airport. The ordeal lasted for over 14 hours, during which the gunmen made specific demands, including the release of Wojtowicz's male ""wife,"" a patient at a psychiatric ward. Wojtowicz, who had claimed to the police on the phone that he would kill hostages and believed he could rely on legal loopholes, returned to the bank's premises when he ordered pizzas as a part of their negotiation. As the pizzas arrived, one of the female hostages was able to exit the bank to collect the food. In a peculiar moment, one of the gunmen threw cash out the door as payment, inadvertently interacting with an FBI agent who was managing the situation. Despite efforts to negotiate, the situation turned violent when FBI agents intervened at the airport, resulting in the death of one of the alleged bank robbers while the other was apprehended. Thankfully, the seven hostages remained unharmed and were safely released. John Wojtowicz's mother was present near the bank during the standoff, expressing her distress and describing her son as troubled but not violent. She noted his struggles following his Vietnam service, a failed marriage, and his mental health challenges. The identity of Wojtowicz's accomplice remains unconfirmed, and it is unclear who was killed during the FBI operation. The incident drew a large crowd of onlookers, captivated by the unfolding drama.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720824_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720824.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,83419200
3978,29,08,1972,"Law Reform Discussed (Press, 29 August 1972)","On 28 August 1972, members of the Gay Liberation Movement convened in Auckland for their inaugural national ""Gay Liberation Conference,"" attended by approximately 50 participants. The agenda focused on significant issues such as homosexual law reform, the adverse effects of ""aversion therapy,"" and discrimination faced by homosexuals in society. During the conference, Rev. F. Donnelly, a lecturer from the Auckland Medical School’s school of community health, addressed the attendees, urging them not to perceive themselves as fundamentally different from others. He cautioned against the dangers of becoming overly fixated on one's own struggles, describing it as a debilitating mindset. In a separate announcement, Mr E. M. Williamson, a farmer from Ikawai, was named the Liberal Reform Party's candidate for the Oamaru seat in the upcoming General Election.","National Gay Liberation conferences",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720829_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720829.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,83851200
4502,01,09,1972,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 1 September 1972)","On 1 September 1972, a set of guidelines for submitting letters to a newspaper column was outlined to ensure clarity and professionalism in correspondence. Letters should be limited to 150 words and typed or written with clear ink on one side of the paper, with sufficient margins and spacing for editing purposes. Submitters must provide a legible signature and a full address, excluding P.O. box numbers, whether or not their letters are published. Correspondents are also required to indicate if their letter has been submitted elsewhere for publication. The editor noted that they cannot return or keep any letters not accepted for printing, nor do they commit to acknowledging or entering into any discussions about them, although they may do so where necessary. Typically, correspondence that addresses news items from other publications or that have been discussed on radio or television will not be accepted. Several correspondences mentioned specific topics, implying the constraints of the ongoing debates. They included remarks on issues such as equal pay, Ugandan Asians, homosexual law, zoo and circus treatment, and monetary reform. The editor indicated that there were no current opportunities to delve into these topics as they were constrained by space and timing. Overall, the emphasis was on maintaining a focused and responsible platform for expression while navigating editorial limits and the expectations surrounding public discourse. The mention of the ""New Economic Policy"" relating to early 1920s Russia highlighted how historical context could be referenced in current discussions but also served to illustrate the editorial constraints in revisiting specific subjects like foreign investment and its impact on industrialisation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720901_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720901.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,84110400
7420,06,09,1972,"University Drama Society (Press, 6 September 1972)","The University of Canterbury Drama Society performed a production of ""Spoiled,"" written by Simon Gray, from September 5 to 9, 1972, in the informal setting of the upstairs common room of the Students’ Association Building. The play, with a running time of one hour and thirty-five minutes, centres on a bisexual schoolteacher, his pregnant wife, and a pupil. Critics anticipated that moving to a less polished environment might encourage the society to explore more adventurous and controversial scripts, given the resources and talents available to students in the city. However, the production has been described as lacking in substance, characterised by its naturalistic approach. The narrative revolves around the schoolteacher’s interactions with his wife — who remains notably pregnant throughout — and his pupil, whom he is tutoring in French just days before an exam. The critic noted that while ""Spoiled"" shares a credential with ""Pyjama Tops,"" having been staged in London the previous year, it falls flat in terms of engagement and excitement. Despite the shortcomings of the script, there were commendations for some performances, notably that of Peter Blois, who played Donald, the pupil. His portrayal of a shy character was seen as promising, hinting at potential for growth within the society’s future productions. Other cast members received mixed reviews, with Caroline Chambers being noted for her competence in a minor role. Neill Colledge was appreciated for his character work, though there were issues reported with his movement on stage. Lesley Colingwood, portraying Joanna, the pregnant wife, was perceived as miscast due to a lack of assertiveness in her portrayal. Jeremy Finn’s performance as Howarth, the teacher, also suffered, highlighted by an overly consistent pace in his speech and an absence of the character’s commanding presence. The critic concluded by expressing hope that while increasing the number of productions in Christchurch is beneficial, greater care should be taken in script selection to ensure that audience interest and engagement are maintained.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19720906_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19720906.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,84542400
4503,03,10,1972,"Increasing Pressure For Change In Law Of... (Press, 3 October 1972)","On 3 October 1972, increasing calls for changes to New Zealand’s defamation laws have been highlighted by various figures including politicians and lawyers. Prime Minister Mr. Marshall expressed his belief that the current defamation legislation is excessively protective, particularly towards public figures. He remarked that if he initiated legal actions against every individual who spoke against him, he would be financially well-off. In a similar vein, Mr. M. A. Pattison, a director at Wilson and Horton Ltd, described the law as overly restrictive, arguing that it compromises freedom of expression. The newly established New Zealand Legal Association convened in Christchurch to discuss these prevailing issues. While the specifics of their discussions were confidential due to professional ethics, a public statement was anticipated afterwards. Topics on the agenda likely included recent defamation suits involving prominent personalities, including claims for damages lodged by public figures like Mr. Brian Brooks and Dr. A. M. Finlay. Also noteworthy was the recent withdrawal of a threatened lawsuit by Labour MP Mr. N. V. Douglas against Mr. Muldoon for alleged racial incitement. Critiques of the current defamation law assert that it renders public figures unduly sensitive, with Mr. A. W. James from the University of Canterbury posing that politicians in New Zealand are excessively reactive compared to their British counterparts, where robust debate and criticism are common. In Britain, the prevalence of political discourse and a lower inclination to pursue legal action allows for a more vigorous exchange of ideas. James advocates for a similar approach in New Zealand, stating it seems unreasonable for politicians to resort to legal action when they can respond publicly. Professor G. W. R. Palmer, visiting law professor at Victoria University, likewise criticises the framework of New Zealand defamation law, arguing that it stifles public debate and shields politicians at the expense of public interest. He points out the contrasting protections offered by the American Constitution for those making defamatory statements against public figures. Defenders of the existing legal standards claim that they safeguard individuals' rights against baseless and malicious statements, essential for maintaining character integrity. They maintain that any freedom of expression remains valid when practiced within parameters of truth and decency. The current defamation structure is grounded in both common law and the Defamation Act 1954, which serves to clarify certain ambiguities. Legal protections encompass both libel and slander, and various defences exist, such as truth and fair comment. However, concerns have been raised regarding the chilling effect on investigative journalism, as the difficulty in securing justification for potentially defamatory statements can inhibit reporters. The advocates for change suggest that the laws are overly punitive and propose amendments to allow free discourse on matters of public interest without the looming threat of litigation, shifting the onus onto plaintiffs to substantiate claims of falsehood or recklessness in statements made. Palmer believes allowing for rebuttals in the same medium as the original accusations would foster a fairer public discussion and ultimately serve the community better.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721003_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721003.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,86875200
4504,07,10,1972,"Three Short Novels By Sargeson (Press, 7 October 1972)","Frank Sargeson's latest work, ""Man of England Now,"" published in 1972, presents a collection of three short novels, with two being recent creations and one an earlier piece. The earlier work, ""I for One,"" originally published in 1954, represents a significant culmination of Sargeson's earlier literary style, showcasing his ""sympathetic"" mode through the lens of an introverted character that offers a unique perspective of society from a place of isolation. This novel has gained recognition over time and is noted for its ability to invite readers into the character's introspective journey, epitomising Sargeson's skill in crafting narratives that explore individual struggles. The more recent stories, ""Man of England Now"" and ""A Game of Hide and Seek,"" reflect Sargeson's evolving narrative style, which became more assertive after what he viewed as a literary ""last will and testament"" phase in his career. ""A Game of Hide and Seek"" features a middle-aged homosexual protagonist navigating through the constraints of New Zealand's conservative society. The narrative is both perceptive and compassionate, detailing the challenges faced by a minority group, though it suffers from a somewhat tedious introduction that can distance readers. On the other hand, ""Man of England Now"" stands out as a lively and comedic narrative that follows an English immigrant's experience in 1920s New Zealand. The protagonist begins as a tradesman working on a farm during the Great Depression and eventually assists a Rotorua aristocrat in advancing the local tourist industry while maintaining a low profile about his socialist beliefs. This story resolves in a manner that shows Sargeson’s growth, revealing a more accepting attitude towards the complexities surrounding the lives of misfits compared to his earlier works. While it may not pinnacle Sargeson's creative prowess, it is a well-crafted tale that provides engaging reading. Overall, Sargeson's latest book combines a blend of exploration of character, society, and self-reflection, continuing to echo themes present in his previous works while also indicating a maturation in his approach to storytelling.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721007_2_75_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721007.2.75.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,87220800
7903,19,10,1972,"Books Bill Change ‘not Needed’ (Press, 19 October 1972)","On 18 October 1972, during a parliamentary debate on the Indecent Publications Amendment Bill, Dr A. M. Finlay, the Opposition’s spokesman on justice, expressed skepticism regarding the necessity of amending the Indecent Publications Act. He highlighted that many proponents of the changes appeared to be unaware of the history and operations of the Indecent Publications Tribunal. The proposed amendments would alter the procedures, administration, and enforcement of the 1963 act, allowing the tribunal’s chairman to issue interim orders that would restrict the sale of materials under review. Dr Finlay raised concerns about the potential for the chairman to merely approve departmental requests for restriction orders, which could undermine the tribunal's independence. He referenced the case of the “Little Red School Book,” suggesting that if a restriction had been implemented, only a fraction of the 81,000 copies sold would have been impacted. Dr Finlay also mentioned the “Patricia Bartlett Cookbook,” which he deemed wholly objectionable, arguing that it should be condemned as obscene in its implications regarding broader societal issues, such as the Vietnam War and environmental degradation. In contrast, Labour MP Mr T. J. Young defended the provisions for interim restrictions as necessary for the law’s efficacy. He argued that without such measures, the legislation’s purpose would be compromised, as indecent literature could circulate freely. Mr Young asserted that the public had a legitimate interest in the materials being published, and it was vital for Parliament to heed public concerns about certain publications and their contents, including their illustrations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721019_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721019.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,88257600
4505,26,10,1972,"Lectures To Police (Press, 26 October 1972)","On 25 October 1972, officers from the Homosexual Law Reform Society delivered a series of refresher courses at the Trentham police training college in Wellington, focusing on general topics related to homosexuality. This initiative was undertaken at the request of the police force, aiming to educate and inform police personnel on the subject. Key speakers included Dr A. J. W. Taylor, a professor of psychiatry at Victoria University, Dr Margaret Sparrow from the University Student Health Service, and Mr C. J. F. Parkin, a senior lecturer in philosophy at the university. During the period when these lectures were being conducted, the society reported that they had faced challenges in their communications with government officials. Specifically, the Minister of Justice, Sir Roy Jack, declined to meet with the society or respond to their correspondence for two months. Although the minister later agreed to meet with the society, the delays prevented the meeting from being organised before the upcoming elections. The society anticipates that this meeting will take place early in the following year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721026_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721026.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,88862400
4506,30,10,1972,"Comment From The Capital Election Result May Well... (Press, 30 October 1972)","The 1972 General Election in New Zealand, scheduled for November 25, has the potential to significantly hinge on the influence of minor parties, a development that could alter the dynamics for the major parties, Labour and National. As candidates are still being nominated, the final composition of parties remains uncertain but is expected to include Labour, National, New Democrats, and Social Credit, among others. Several smaller parties and independent candidates are also poised to enter the fray, including the Liberal Reform party and the newly-formed Values Party. The election is being described as the ""Send-up Election,"" marked by a rise in unconventional candidates and parties that aim to disrupt the traditional political landscape—such as the Mickey Mouse Party and Yippees. Many candidates are likely to attract voters disenchanted with Labour and National, significantly impacting the main parties' vote shares. A notable focus is on the new Values Party, led by A. J. Brunt, which seeks to gain ground by resonating with a younger electorate increasingly disillusioned with established political norms. The party's manifesto addresses a wide array of issues, ranging from economic growth and governmental reform to environmental concerns and race relations. It proposes radical ideas including scaling down economic growth, job improvement programmes, and both an increase in parliamentary members and a lowering of the voting age. The party also advocates for social changes, such as the reform of homosexual and abortion laws. Social Credit and its offshoot, the New Democrats, find themselves in a challenging position, as ongoing disputes within Social Credit could complicate voter support. Many voters, particularly the younger demographic, appear likely to explore alternative candidates, thereby challenging the traditional Labour-National dichotomy. Brunt's Values Party has garnered attention and aims to appeal to voters by addressing what they view as a ""depression of the spirit"" in New Zealand. This sentiment highlights a growing dissatisfaction with current policies and an overwhelming focus on economic metrics rather than human welfare. The party's manifesto, a substantial 58 pages long, critically engages with contemporary societal issues and could potentially draw significant support. In summary, with the election approaching, the outcome may primarily be decided by minor parties, who could siphon votes from Labour and National, making the results on November 25 particularly unpredictable. The success of parties like the Values Party may play a critical role in determining the balance of power in New Zealand's Parliament, highlighting the electorate's search for fresh alternatives to traditional political offerings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721030_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721030.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,89208000
4507,02,11,1972,"Social Credit’s Election Policy Announced (Press, 2 November 1972)","The Social Credit Political League has unveiled its policy for the upcoming General Election, highlighting a mix of social welfare measures and financial reforms while refraining from promises of comprehensive cradle-to-grave benefits. Their proposals include benefits for pre-school children and encouraging local councils to establish crematoriums. A central focus of the policy is a plan to restore public ownership of credit, proposing the creation of a national credit authority tasked with regulating the amount of credit in circulation in relation to the nation's production. This government body would prepare national account statements and ensure that public income aligns with available goods and services. The League proposes that government funding, above revenue, would be sourced interest-free and potentially debt-free from the national credit account at the Reserve Bank. This would be accompanied by free loans to local bodies for community projects. They intend to eliminate internal government borrowing and progressively repay the national debt, while maintaining normal banking operations with reasonable interest rates. Furthermore, the policy lays out reforms in taxation, suggesting an increase in personal tax exemptions and the abolition of death duties for estates under $40,000. The payroll tax would be eliminated, and the structure for local body rates would shift to land classification systems. The League also plans changes that would assist local authorities in creating composting facilities. In terms of industrial relations, the policy encourages employee ownership in industries, advocates for union restructuring based on industry, and establishes a pay margin between skilled and unskilled workers. The Social Credit Political League also aims to improve race relations, promising an increase in Maori representation in Parliament and recognition of Waitangi Day as a national holiday. Environmental considerations are included, such as creating smokeless zones in urban areas, while housing policies would offer affordable loans for first home purchases and interest-free options for self-contained flats for elderly parents. On the foreign affairs front, the League will recognise both the People's Republic of China and the Taiwan Government, while providing civil aid to Vietnam. Additionally, enhancements to social security are envisioned, including increased pensions, sick benefits for self-employed individuals, and a restructured universal superannuation system. Proposals for the youth include lowering the age of majority to 18, while educational reforms would enhance support for schools and provide additional benefits for teachers. The League proposes electoral reforms to embrace proportional representation, the extension of the Ombudsman’s oversight, and drug law reform, including the decriminalisation of consensual homosexual behaviour. In healthcare, the League intends to boost subsidies for private hospitals and address issues related to addictive drugs through the Health Department. In the realm of agriculture, farmers would be compensated at the internal cost of primary products and encouraged to form cooperatives. Transport suggestions include forming a dedicated corporation for railway management and reviewing the potential for a New Zealand-owned shipping line. Defence policies would eliminate mandatory military training and prioritize modernising naval capabilities. Overall, the Social Credit Political League's policies reflect a significant shift toward a restructured economic and social governance model.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721102_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721102.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,89467200
4508,25,11,1972,"Male ‘cannot Be Prostitute’ (Press, 25 November 1972)","On 25 November 1972, a Supreme Court judge in Auckland ruled that New Zealand law does not recognise males as prostitutes. The case involved William Rangi, who had appealed a conviction for soliciting male passers-by for homosexual prostitution while loitering on a street. Justice Woodhouse examined whether the term ""common prostitute"" within the Police Offences Act could apply to males. This issue had previously caused differing opinions in the Auckland Magistrate’s Court. One magistrate, Mr C. E. H. Pledger, concluded that the term did not include males, while another, Mr H. Y. Gilliand, disagreed and applied the term to Rangi's case. Ultimately, Justice Woodhouse sided with Pledger, expressing regret over the ruling's implications but stating that the traditional understanding of ""common prostitute"" pertained specifically to women. Woodhouse articulated that to extend this definition to include males would be an example of judicial legislation, despite acknowledging the need to manage such activities. He further noted that in the United Kingdom, the actions of male prostitutes are governed by specific laws. In contrast, New Zealand appeared to lack a corresponding legal framework and suggested that Parliament should address this emerging issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721125_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721125.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,91454400
7643,07,12,1972,"Ruling On 'sex Bars’ (Press, 7 December 1972)","On 6 December 1972, the U.S. Supreme Court delivered a 6-3 ruling allowing state authorities to close bars that feature nude dancing and suggestive entertainment. The majority opinion, articulated by Justice William Rehnquist, asserted that First Amendment freedoms do not cover public displays of extreme sexuality, focusing instead on traditional forms of expression such as books and films. The ruling also referenced the 21st Amendment, which grants states significant authority over the regulation of alcohol in establishments like bars and nightclubs. This decision arose from a case in California, where authorities claimed that venues were falsely presenting explicit sexual acts—including sexual intercourse, masturbation, and other perverse behaviours—as forms of entertainment. Justice Rehnquist highlighted the associated social issues, indicating that activities such as prostitution and sexual violence were prevalent in areas surrounding bars offering such entertainment. The Supreme Court upheld 1970 regulations which empowered the State Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control to suspend or revoke liquor licenses if officials determined that the conduct was detrimental to public morals or welfare. These regulations had previously been deemed unconstitutional by a Federal Court in Los Angeles in 1971, which argued that the state could only regulate adult entertainment if it could demonstrate its obscenity through legal proof. This new ruling is expected to significantly impact the growing sex-in-bars industry, particularly in coastal regions, and reflects a stricter stance by the Supreme Court on matters of obscenity. Authorities at both state and municipal levels have expressed concerns regarding the perceived rise in permissiveness regarding obscenity, suggesting that this decision marks an important shift in judicial attitude.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721207_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721207.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,92491200
7010,11,12,1972,"Doubts About 'miss Hong Kong’ (Press, 11 December 1972)","On 10 December 1972, the ""News of the World"" reported that the organisers of the ""Miss World"" competition were set to investigate claims regarding this year's ""Miss Hong Kong,"" Meilin Gay. A man, who chose to remain anonymous, approached the newspaper's office and alleged that the 24-year-old Miss Gay was originally born a boy. The man asserted that she had undergone medical treatment, including hormone therapy, and had started her career as a part-time model following her transition. Miss Gay had recently been at the centre of controversy after it was revealed that despite asserting in contest literature that she was from Kowloon, she had actually been working in a London massage parlour for the past two and a half years. The report included statements from Neil Toland, a manager at a modelling agency who claimed to have provided work for Miss Gay. Toland alleged that her original birth certificate listed her as a male, but it had later been amended to reflect her gender identity as female. He mentioned that he became aware of her past when other models became suspicious of her mannerisms. Following this discovery, Miss Gay left the United Kingdom. Miss Hong Kong did not make the cut for the 15 semi-finalists in the competition. In light of the allegations, Julia Morley, organiser of the ""Miss World"" contest, promised a thorough investigation into the claims regarding Miss Gay's gender during the following day. Additionally, another report from the ""Sunday People"" addressed the newly crowned ""Miss World"" at that time, Belinda Green, an Australian model. The newspaper noted that she was not officially recognised as ""Miss Australia"" in her hometown, despite being referred to as such in the United Kingdom. The ""Miss Australia"" title was actually awarded by the Cerebral Palsy Association of Sydney and was won by Melbourne contestant Michelle Downes. The competition that Belinda Green participated in was organised by an Australian department store, and she was simply referred to as ""Miss World Entrant"" prior to her arrival in Britain, where her title was altered to ""Miss Australia.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721211_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721211.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,92836800
4509,30,12,1972,"Canterbury Women Of Achievement In 1972 (Press, 30 December 1972)","In 1972, New Zealand women experienced significant social change, marking it as a year of ""the reluctant revolution."" A major development was the introduction of equal pay legislation, set to take effect in 1973. This change has the potential to impact the status and lifestyle of women in New Zealand profoundly. Dr Germaine Greer's visit earlier in the year generated mixed reactions, but she undoubtedly stimulated discussions around women's rights and feminism in New Zealand. The women's liberation movement gained momentum, consolidating support among moderates of various ages and presenting a unified front for women navigating the shifting societal landscape. While the number of female Members of Parliament remained at four, a notable milestone was the appointment of Mrs Ruth Kirk as New Zealand's first lady, who articulated her views fearlessly. Additionally, Mrs Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan broke new ground as the first woman Cabinet Minister since 1960, overseeing the Ministry of Tourism and serving as Associate Minister of Social Welfare. In Canterbury, several women made noteworthy achievements. Mrs Mary Batchelor won a parliamentary seat with the highest polling numbers for a woman in the 1972 election. A long-standing advocate for equal pay, she previously worked as an organiser for the Canterbury Clerical Workers’ Union. Mrs Alexia Pickering, the Mayoress of Christchurch, aimed to engage women more actively in civic matters while also balancing her duties as a mother to four children. Another highlight was Mrs Aroha Chick, who became the first South Islander to be named Maori Woman of the Year. As a solo parent and community activist, she dedicated her time to helping Maori and Islanders in Christchurch while managing her familial obligations. The Rev. Carole Graham made history as the first woman Anglican curate in New Zealand, signalling progress towards greater acceptance of women in church leadership roles. Education and reproductive rights came under scrutiny as Miss Jackie Allan challenged New Zealand's laws regarding contraceptive advice for those under 16. Her efforts aimed to address rising teenage pregnancies and promote sex education among youth. Meanwhile, Mrs Katrine Brown, who was deeply involved with the Christchurch Y.W.C.A., worked tirelessly on projects such as the 6A Centre, providing support for vulnerable youths. In the realm of sports, Miss Susan Hunter emerged as a standout swimmer, representing New Zealand at the Munich Olympics and breaking national records throughout the year. Miss Sue Hamilton showcased her golfing talent, making a mark at the national championships and representing New Zealand internationally. Overall, 1972 offered a mix of legislative progress, individual achievements, and social activism that defined and empowered New Zealand women, setting a hopeful tone for the following year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19721230_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19721230.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,94478400
6573,23,01,1973,"A Nasty Character ‘more Challenging’ (Press, 23 January 1973)","Mrs Patsy Baldwin, who plays a principal role in the Court Theatre’s upcoming production of ""What the Butler Saw,"" spoke about the challenges of portraying a nasty character compared to a nice one during an interview in Christchurch on 23 January 1973. The play, written by English playwright Joe Orton, is set in a psychiatric clinic and revolves around the interactions of six characters, primarily focusing on a doctor who finds himself entangled in various predicaments after trying to seduce his new secretary. Mrs Baldwin portrays the role of the doctor's wife, described as “a lesbian nymphomaniac” who is severe and domineering, making her a rather unpleasant character. Despite its title, the play does not actually feature a butler. Instead, the title reflects what a hypothetical butler would witness if he were present. This production marks Mrs Baldwin's first performance at the Court Theatre, although she previously attended its theatre school two years prior. Her acting experience includes various roles with the University Drama Club, the Christchurch Repertory Society, and the Christchurch Operatic Society. Mrs Baldwin expressed that she does not favour musical roles over straight acting or vice versa, as she enjoys both types of performances. She admitted to a love for music but noted that she lacks formal training. While she appreciates contemporary plays like ""What the Butler Saw,"" her true passion lies with classical theatre, enjoying works by renowned playwrights such as Shakespeare, Shaw, and Sheridan, influenced by her academic background in classical literature. Finding time for her passion is challenging, as Mrs Baldwin is a mother of three young children—ages five, three, and two—while completing her doctorate. She noted that managing multiple responsibilities helps her stay organised, allowing her to integrate acting into her busy life. Although she wishes to pursue more acting opportunities, she also aspires to lecture at university, sharing that her experience in academia made it easier for her to maintain a productive routine.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730123_2_32_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730123.2.32.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,96552000
6865,02,02,1973,"What The Butler Saw (Press, 2 February 1973)","The Court Theatre in Christchurch staged the farce “What the Butler Saw” by Joe Orton, directed by Yvette Bromley, from February 1 to February 17, 1973. This production opened to a full house, indicating a positive reception among local audiences for Orton's provocative style of comedy. Unlike typical reactions to his premieres in England, there were no walkouts, highlighting the audience's enjoyment of the risqué humour. Orton, who passed away in 1967, is recognised as a leading writer of farce, with a talent for witty dialogue reminiscent of Oscar Wilde. In this play, he combines absurdist elements with traditional farcical conventions, wrapping it in a layer of provocative content that invites the audience to engage playfully with the material. The storyline features a mix of eccentric characters, including a deranged psychiatrist, his nymphomaniac wife, a hotel page with dubious credentials, and a searching policeman. Their interactions are chaotic, involving elements such as nudity, gunplay, and whisky-drinking, ultimately culminating in a bizarre celebration of discoveries that challenge societal norms. The performance highlighted notable talent, particularly David Wells, who gave an excellent portrayal of the psychiatrist, showcasing a strong command of the comedic elements. Patsy Baldwin showed potential, particularly improving in the second act after a shaky start. The ensemble cast, including Nicholas Blake, Vivienne Riddle, Robert Le Fevre, and Jim Facer, delivered strong performances, with Facer receiving special commendation for his maturity in a more grounded role. While the production took some liberties with the script that were not always clear, it managed to navigate the material intelligently. The ending, however, was noted as being abrupt, potentially resulting from adjustments made to the script. Overall, the adaptation was successful in capturing Orton’s essence, demonstrating both the strengths and challenges of staging his unique style of comedy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730202_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730202.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,97416000
7644,03,02,1973,"Dress Ruled Indecent (Press, 3 February 1973)","On 2 February 1973, a 30-year-old man in Wellington was found guilty of exhibiting an indecent document in the Magistrate’s Court. The case revolved around the man wearing a dress that featured a pattern of nude figures. Magistrate W. J. Mitchell ruled that the dress constituted an indecent document under the Indecent Publications Act and imposed a fine of $60, along with witnesses' expenses totalling $3.25. In his ruling, the Magistrate noted that while the sexual organs depicted on the dress had been obscured, the pattern still suggested a display of sexual activity, including intercourse and sodomy. Defence counsel B. E. Buckton acknowledged that the dress could be seen as indecent under the Act. The legal standard required to prove the indecency focused on whether the depiction was potentially harmful to the public good, rather than proving it was definitively indecent. The Magistrate stated that it was not crucial to demonstrate the dress was categorically indecent but rather to show that there was a tendency for the dress to cause harm to societal morals. He remarked that, despite the accused believing the dress was not indecent, he had reasonable cause to assume otherwise. The Magistrate concluded that given the likelihood of public offence, the dress had an immoral or mischievous tendency, thus validating the case against the defendant. Prior to sentencing, Mr. Buckton claimed that this charge was intended as a test case to explore the court's interpretation of indecency. He requested the accused be discharged under section 42 of the Criminal Justice Act. However, the Magistrate rejected this plea, asserting that a fine was justified based on the circumstances. He also issued a suppression order for the accused's name, citing the man’s personal inadequacies and the test case nature of the situation as reasons for confidentiality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730203_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730203.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,97502400
4510,03,02,1973,"Oscar Wilde's Unrecorded Life (Press, 3 February 1973)","In his biographical work ""The Unrecorded Life of Oscar Wilde,"" Rupert Croft-Cooke examines the complexities of Oscar Wilde's life, particularly his homosexual relationships, which have often been misrepresented by previous biographers. Released in 1973, the book highlights that Wilde has been the subject of attention from various literary figures who have distorted his story through jealousy or moral judgement. Croft-Cooke criticises the reliance on dubious anecdotes by writers like Harris and Crossland, dedicating the first chapter to debunking some of these myths. While acknowledging Wilde's notable literary career, Croft-Cooke's primary focus is on the author’s romantic relationships. Contrary to popular belief that Wilde engaged in homosexual practices after his marriage out of fear of a syphilitic condition, Croft-Cooke argues that Wilde had already formed romantic attachments during his time as a student at Oxford. He asserts that Wilde's numerous affairs continued, largely uninterrupted, even after marrying Constance Lloyd. Croft-Cooke suggests that Wilde might have been a loving husband and father, similar to many who identify as homosexual. The book also discusses Wilde's various romantic encounters, which included relationships with many talented individuals, though he eventually developed a penchant for connections with less-educated young men. The most significant relationship was with Lord Alfred Douglas, referred to as ""Bosie"" in Wilde's letters, though Wilde's intense affections were often fleeting. During his three years in exile on the continent, Wilde's promiscuity peaked, with his correspondence revealing a life filled with trivial pursuits with young men from Greece, France, and Italy. Croft-Cooke portrays these letters as expressions of joy despite the underlying pain of Wilde's tumultuous career. However, Wilde’s romantic pursuits also reflect a recurring theme of disillusionment; he famously noted to an admirer that romantic experiences ultimately dissolve into mere memories and desires. Though Croft-Cooke might downplay the sorrowful aspects of Wilde’s final years, he has successfully crafted a nuanced portrayal of Wilde, distinguishing the genuine, witty and generous man from the extravagant persona Wilde himself cultivated. The biography serves as a reminder of Wilde's enduring complexity, combining elements of charm, creativity, and a longing for connection, thereby offering a fresh perspective on his life and relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730203_2_76_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730203.2.76.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,97502400
4511,07,02,1973,"Law On Homosexuality ""inappropriate"" (Press, 7 February 1973)","On 7 February 1973, Professor B. James from the University of Otago in Christchurch spoke out against the legal discrimination faced by homosexuals in New Zealand. Returning from a study tour of several countries, including Britain, the United States, and Scandinavia, he argued that homosexuals should be subjected to the same legal standards as heterosexuals. Specifically, he proposed that sexual activity between individuals over the age of 16, regardless of sexual orientation, should be treated equally under the law. Professor James stated that by the age of 16, a person's sexual orientation is largely established, and he expressed disapproval of the current laws that he found discriminatory against homosexuals. He emphasised that a change in the existing laws was long overdue, suggesting that such a reform would significantly alleviate the suffering endured by many homosexual individuals. He highlighted how the prevailing legal framework contributed to feelings of guilt, fear, and maladjustment among thousands of New Zealanders based solely on their sexual orientation. The professor also condemned the approach taken by successive New Zealand governments towards homosexual law reform. He insisted that persistent pressure must be applied to the government to abolish antiquated laws regarding homosexuality, arguing that leaders should not wait for public opinion to shift safely but should actively drive the change. Professor James’s comments underscored the urgent need for more progressive legislation regarding sexual orientation in New Zealand law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730207_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730207.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,97848000
4512,03,03,1973,"The Bounty Story (Press, 3 March 1973)","The book ""Captain Bligh and Mr Christian: the Men and the Mutiny"" by Richard Hough provides a fresh and captivating narrative of the infamous mutiny on the Bounty and the subsequent events involving the mutineers' settlement on Pitcairn Island. Despite the extensive literature already covering this historical incident, Hough's account stands out due to its thorough research and new materials. Notably, Hough has personally followed the routes taken by the Bounty and the small boat in which Captain Bligh and his loyal followers were set adrift, as well as the journey of the Pandora, which sought out the mutineers but tragically ended up wrecked. The author approaches the subject not merely as a historical recount but as an adventure story filled with drama, conflict, and the interplay of human relationships, particularly revolving around the competition for women among the sailors. Hough's narrative vividly brings to life the characters involved, including the key figures of Captain Bligh, Fletcher Christian, and various Polynesians, both friendly and hostile. Hough does not shy away from exploring the motivations behind the mutiny, suggesting that Bligh's violent temper towards Christian was rooted in feelings of homosexual jealousy. This theory is linked to Christian's time in Tahiti, where he became involved with a native woman called Isobel. The interpretations and conclusions drawn in this book are likely to spark discussions among historians, contributing to ongoing debates about the complexities surrounding the mutiny and its participants. Overall, ""Captain Bligh and Mr Christian"" is not just a historical account but an engaging exploration of a significant event in maritime history, enriched by Hough's narrative skill and the new insights he provides.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730303_2_79_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730303.2.79.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,99921600
4513,08,03,1973,"Life-line To Hold Street Appeal (Press, 8 March 1973)","LifeLine, an inter-church telephone aid service in Christchurch, provides vital support to individuals facing a variety of personal issues. Established in 1964, the organisation is staffed by over 100 trained, voluntary counsellors who operate around the clock in shifts. Each year, they assist more than 4,000 individuals dealing with problems such as depression, marital strife, and other distressing circumstances. Despite the extensive services offered, LifeLine faces financial challenges, having run up a deficit of $7,000 in the previous year, which is expected to increase in 1973. To address this financial strain, the organisation has planned a street appeal to help raise funds. Since its inception, LifeLine has incurred more than $43,000 in operational costs, with the Methodist Central Mission contributing $23,000 and other sources providing $19,000. Statistics from March to December 1972 indicate that a significant portion of calls received were from individuals in distress. Over 900 calls were made by people suffering from depression or requiring psychiatric help. The second largest group of callers, numbering 820, identified as lonely, followed by nearly 800 people facing marriage and family issues. Additionally, 364 calls were from individuals seeking various forms of social welfare assistance, while 116 callers reported facing sexual problems, predominantly involving homosexuality and venereal diseases. Addiction issues were also highlighted, with 94 calls related to alcohol and 44 to drug use. Financial strain prompted 35 inquiries, chiefly from those struggling to manage their budgets. Furthermore, 86 calls were linked to suicide threats or attempts, with 53 being threats alone, 21 representing attempts, and 12 categorised as potential cases requiring immediate intervention. LifeLine also maintains a trouble team, consisting of 25 men dedicated to intervening in critical situations requiring urgent help. The Rev. W. E. Falkingham, superintendent of the Methodist Central Mission, emphasised that the future viability of LifeLine hinges on appointing a qualified director, improving training programmes, consistently recruiting voluntary workers for training, and ensuring adequate funding. These factors are crucial for the organisation to continue providing crucial support to those in need in the Christchurch community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730308_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730308.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,100353600
4514,17,03,1973,"Robin Maugham’s Autobiography (Press, 17 March 1973)","""Escape From The Shadows"" by Robin Maugham is a frank autobiography that delves into the life of the author, offering a compelling narrative about his struggles and experiences. Maugham's writing is characterised by a clear and candid style, allowing readers to glimpse into his unsatisfactory childhood marked by difficult relationships, particularly with his father and nurse. He presents a view of his upbringing that is both revealing and uncomfortable, indicating a profound disparity between his life and the ideals his parents held. Robin Maugham's childhood revolved around the expectations set by his family's renowned legal backgrounds, yet he found himself at odds with these ambitions. Attending Cambridge, he discovered a disinterest in law and started contributing to the student newspaper, ""Granta."" His political views, which leaned towards socialism, compounded tensions with his father's conservative ideals. An amusing but telling anecdote illustrates this conflict when Robin's casual mention of having tea with Winston Churchill meets with disbelief and disappointment from his father. During World War II, he served as a trooper and was later involved in intelligence activities in the Middle East. Despite sustaining a head injury, which seemed to reconnect him with an earlier childhood persona, Tommy, he maintained a proactive role in military operations. His association with his uncle Somerset Maugham grew stronger post-war, further distancing him from his father's resentful attitude towards his brother. Maugham's autobiography strives to present an unvarnished account of his life. He attempts to capture the authenticity of his experiences, blending rural anecdotes with more sensational moments. However, there are moments of deviation, particularly in how he amalgamates significant relationships in his life into a composite character named Jim. This artistic choice may obscure the nuances of his emotional experiences and stability. The book's emphasis on storytelling showcases the tension between personal recollection and the creative impulse. While Robin Maugham writes with fluency and ease, there is a suggestion that the narrative may sometimes oversimplify or embellish events, leading readers to question the authenticity of some experiences. Overall, ""Escape From The Shadows"" reveals the complexities of Robin Maugham's identity and the challenges he faced in carving out a path distinct from the expectations of his family.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730317_2_106_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730317.2.106.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,101131200
4515,02,04,1973,"Homosexuals: Student View (Press, 2 April 1973)","On 2 April 1973, the president of the New Zealand University Students’ Association, Mr S. Chan, stated that approximately 10 per cent of university students in larger cities like Christchurch and Auckland could be classified as homosexuals. This comment followed the release of a revised edition of a sex education booklet by the association, which for the first time included a section on homosexuality. More than 15,000 copies of the booklet are set to be distributed across universities, technical institutes, teachers' colleges, and secondary schools in New Zealand. Mr Chan highlighted the association's goal of diminishing the social stigma associated with homosexuality, noting that many individuals have faced unnecessary punishment due to existing laws regarding male homosexuality. He emphasised that universities should foster environments where relationships can develop freely, regardless of sexual orientation. To enhance advocacy for homosexual rights, the association plans to appoint a permanent officer to address issues surrounding homosexual law reform, reinforcing its commitment to social justice for homosexuals in New Zealand. The newly published booklet reflects changing attitudes towards sex education and states that “homosexuality is not something different and set apart from the rest of sex.” It cites Justice Department estimates of around 150,000 adult homosexual men in New Zealand and advises young individuals not to overly dramatise their sexual tendencies. The publication challenges common misconceptions that all homosexuals are psychologically disturbed and stresses that prejudice exacerbates ignorance. It points out that as long as homosexuals remain fearful of revealing their identities, research into the various causes of homosexuality will be limited. The booklet asserts that societal denial of a significant minority's rights to meaningful relationships compounds personal and communal issues. It calls for increased human understanding and emphasises that societal attitudes must evolve to reflect the reality of diverse sexual orientations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730402_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730402.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,102513600
4516,05,04,1973,"Homosexual Law Change Sought (Press, 5 April 1973)","On April 1, 1973, New Zealand's Minister of Justice, Dr. Finlay, expressed openness to the idea of a private member's bill in Parliament that would legalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. He indicated that public sentiment was evolving and that the principles underpinning recent changes in British law were likely to resonate with many New Zealanders. Dr. Finlay discussed the possibility of a free vote in the House regarding the issue, suggesting that while he could propose a government-led measure, it would be more practical to wait for a more favourable climate within the government. He encouraged proponents of legalisation to identify one or two Members of Parliament from different political parties to sponsor a private bill, signalling a potential shift towards a more progressive legal stance on homosexuality in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730405_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730405.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,102772800
4517,07,04,1973,"Miss Porter Needs Better Scripts (Press, 7 April 1973)","On 7 April 1973, it was reported that Thursday continues to be the weakest viewing night for television audiences. The episode of ""The Protectors"" featuring Nyree Dawn Porter was deemed particularly disappointing. While Porter's previous role in ""The Forsyte Saga"" had garnered pride among New Zealanders, her portrayal of a contessa in the current series lacked depth, and there was a sense of artificiality reminiscent of her character in the ""Love Story"" series earlier in the week. Critics expressed a desire for Porter to take on more challenging roles that showcased her acting abilities rather than relying solely on her appearance. Additionally, her voice, although a product of her upbringing in Hawke's Bay, was considered overly affected, potentially aligning with the expectations of her character. The review also touched on the current state of the show ""Gallery,"" highlighting that it no longer contributes meaningfully to public discourse regarding important issues. The two major topics discussed on Thursday—an airport firemen's dispute and homosexual law reform—failed to provide new insights beyond what could be gleaned from newspapers, though the presence of the involved individuals added some value. In contrast, ""All in the Family,"" featuring Archie Bunker, was noted for its strong writing and performance by Carroll O'Connor. Despite not being considered one of the series' best episodes, it surpassed other Thursday night offerings. Archie found himself in a humorous yet precarious situation involving the Mafia, showcasing O'Connor's exceptional ability to convey character nuances through facial expressions and dialogue. The episode also allowed him to express contentious views about Italians. The previous show, ""The Storefront Lawyers,"" depicted a similar brush with organised crime, concluding that while individual victories could be achieved, the broader battle remained ongoing. Meanwhile, ""Coronation Street"" offered a lighter moment as character Emily Nugent demonstrated the ability to enjoy herself without abandoning her self-restraint in the face of romantic advances. Overall, the Thursday television landscape was mixed, with notable highlights from ""All in the Family,"" contrasting sharply with the criticisms directed at ""The Protectors"" and ""Gallery.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730407_2_45_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730407.2.45.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,102945600
6574,07,04,1973,"Some New Novels (Press, 7 April 1973)","On 7 April 1973, several novels were reviewed, highlighting their themes and characters. The first, ""There Will Be A Short Interval"" by Storm Jameson, explores the complex relationships among Sergeant Jebb (known as S.J.), his mother Dame Retta Sergeant, and his son Simon. S.J., a university lecturer, faces a terminal illness and reflects on his strained connections with his mother, a self-absorbed writer, and his emotionally detached son, who is recently embroiled in a scandal following the suicide of his mistress. As S.J. grapples with Dame Retta's sudden death from a heart attack, suspicions arise about Simon’s possible involvement, leading to a poignant exploration of their disconnected lives. Next, ""The Running Lions"" by James Dillon White presents a guerilla warfare narrative devoid of romantic notions typically associated with such themes. The story centres on el Salvador, the leader of a group operating in South America, as they engage in a kidnapping plot orchestrated by their adversaries. The plot unfolds with the accidental capture of an enigmatic Englishman, raising suspicion within the group as dynamics shift with the arrival of an American girl who falls for el Salvador, complicating their mission. The author navigates themes of betrayal and violence, ultimately leading to an anticipated yet engaging ending. Paul Kavanagh's ""The Triumph of Evil"" provides a contemporary thriller set against the backdrop of a politically divided America on the brink of revolution. The character Miles Dom is depicted as a man with revolutionary zeal who resorts to terror to invoke change, examining the blurred lines between heroism and villainy. Kavanagh's narrative escapes moral platitudes, presenting a nuanced exploration of power and its violent implications amidst societal discord. Pamela Mo Corduck's ""Working to the End"" follows Simone Seviche, a biology student whose ambitions revolve around understanding ageing and the potential perils of her research. The novel interweaves her scientific pursuits with personal relationships, including encounters that reflect her complex nature and the moral dilemmas stemming from her discoveries. The plot critiques the obsession with technological advancement and the ethical consequences that surround it, leaving the reader questioning the implications of such a driven society. Finally, ""The Bloody Affray at Riverside Drive"" by William Rayner tells the story of Montana Fynn in Chicago, where a high-society reception turns tragic following a gunfight triggered by Fynn. Facing a death sentence, Fynn narrates his life story, revealing his journey from a bullied boy to a figure entrenched in a violent world governed by gun laws and personal loyalties. His tragic fate, intertwined with betrayal and conflict, offers a poignant reflection on the nature of trust and the ruthlessness of his surroundings. Overall, these novels provide diverse narratives ranging from familial turmoil and political upheaval to moral complexities of personal ambition and survival amidst violence. Each author delves into the intricacies of human relationships and societal constructs, offering readers a rich tapestry of conflict, introspection, and commentary on contemporary issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730407_2_78_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730407.2.78.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,102945600
4518,19,04,1973,"Homosexuality Among Priests (Press, 19 April 1973)","On 18 April 1973, Archbishop of York Dr Donald Coggan addressed the topic of homosexuality within the Church of England during a British Broadcasting Corporation radio programme. He acknowledged that many clergymen within the church were homosexual and expressed understanding for their struggles against acting on those tendencies. Dr Coggan stated that when clergymen succumb to their homosexual feelings, they should be met with sympathy and understanding, particularly given their significant responsibilities in caring for young individuals. Dr Coggan, who holds the second-highest position in the Church of England after the Archbishop of Canterbury, discussed the broader attitude of the Church towards homosexuality. He advocated for acceptance rather than ostracism, emphasising the importance of compassion and support. However, he also raised concerns about guiding young people whose sexual orientations are not yet formed, suggesting that the Church should direct them towards healthy heterosexual relationships. The Archbishop cautioned against encouraging youth to engage in homosexual relationships, stating, ""I think that anything which would encourage a young person whose sexual tendencies are still unformed into homosexual relationships is to be deprecated at all costs."" Additionally, Dr Coggan indicated that many young men may possess both homosexual and heterosexual feelings, implying that it is the Church's role to help channel these tendencies towards heterosexuality. Following his remarks, a Church of England spokesman clarified that while the Archbishop discussed the presence of homosexual clergymen with compassion, he did not mean to imply that there were many practising homosexuals among them, only that there might be some.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730419_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730419.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,103982400
3979,01,05,1973,"Mystery Meeting Held At Camp David (Press, 1 May 1973)","On April 30, 1973, reports emerged suggesting escalating tensions and new developments in the Watergate scandal, with President Nixon convening a secret meeting with advisers at Camp David. This private gathering followed a sudden and isolated retreat by Nixon over the weekend, during which he reflected on rising allegations concerning the involvement of his key aides in the bugging affair. Notably absent from this meeting were top advisers H. R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and John Dean, who have been implicated in the scandal and were preparing their own defense strategies. Vice-President Spiro Agnew expressed concern regarding the Republican Party's reputation, indicating that undisclosed facts about Watergate could have detrimental effects in the forthcoming Congressional elections. He emphasized the importance of transparency to rebuild public trust. Additionally, Senators Charles Percy and Lowell Weicker called for the dismissal of aides implicated in the scandal, underscoring a growing sentiment among Republicans for a thorough overhaul of White House staff to mitigate any damage to the party. The departure of Patrick Gray, the acting FBI chief, following his resignation raised alarms, especially regarding allegations that he destroyed documents linked to the scandal. Nixon's appointment of William Ruckleshaus as Gray's successor indicated a shuffle in leadership amidst these developments. The President's perceived isolation heightened as pressure mounted from both Congress and public opinion demanding accountability. Reports detailed that some of Nixon's staunch supporters began to express doubt and dismay over the administration's handling of the crisis. Conservative commentator James Kilpatrick voiced his shame as a Republican amid the unfolding disgrace, while others criticized the apparent disintegration of Nixon’s administration. As the Watergate scandal unfolded, it was suggested that Nixon's ability to conduct international affairs, including a scheduled summit with German Chancellor Willy Brandt, may be compromised due to the need to restore public confidence in the presidency. Many speculated that foreign leaders might delay commitments until they were convinced of the administration's credibility. Further complicating matters, ""Time"" magazine reported allegations against Charles Colson, a former Nixon aide, claiming that he attempted to link Senator George McGovern to the Gay Liberation Movement during the 1972 campaign. These claims raised questions about Colson’s prior knowledge of the Watergate plans and highlighted the extent of the scandal's reach within Nixon's political circle. As these developments unfolded, Nixon's administration faced the growing specter of scandal and invaluable political stakes, leading many to anticipate significant political repercussions and possible shifts within the administration's inner workings.","United States of America",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730501_2_131.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730501.2.131,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,105019200
4519,11,05,1973,"Little New At Conference (Press, 11 May 1973)","The Labour Party’s annual conference concluded in Wellington on 10 May 1973, with many observers noting a lack of significant changes in policy and a retention of control by the established leadership, dubbed the ""old guard."" Despite a record number of delegates, enthusiasm dulled after the Prime Minister's opening speech. The second day of the conference was marked by expressions of nationalism and internal union tensions, while overall proceedings were described as slow. Important topics, particularly regarding energy resources and transport, remained unaddressed, with decisions relegated to the national executive and relevant caucus committees. The major proposed constitutional changes were initially defeated and subsequently forgotten. A card vote demonstrated some division among delegates, particularly between union representatives and branch delegates, though calls for unity were prevalent. The election of Mr C. M. Bennett as the first Māori president of a major New Zealand political party was notable, as was the large margin of his victory. Mr E. E. Isbey, the new vice-president, also advocated for enhanced collaboration with trade unions. A total of 453 delegates attended the conference, holding 858 votes, with a significant voting block from affiliated unions. Although many proposed remits were already part of party policy, some drew attention to Government actions instead. Debate was largely confined to a smaller group of regular speakers, though younger delegates were increasingly represented. Parliamentary influence was evident in the conference's decisions, affecting the language and substance of various remits. One contentious remit on environmental pollution was modified to recommend the strengthening of anti-pollution laws rather than the original call for uncompensated government appropriation of non-compliant companies. Additionally, hot-button issues, such as the recognition of the Provisional Revolutionary Government in South Vietnam and disbanding the New Zealand Security Service, were largely stifled by direct intervention from the Prime Minister and other ministers. However, some remits did pass unopposed, such as calls for nationalisation of breweries, with profits directed to local body finance. Delegates expressed a desire for the abolition of censorship for adults over 18, a ban on cigarette and alcohol advertising, a new national flag, and the elevation of ""God Defend New Zealand"" as the national anthem, alongside replacing the Royal Honours List with a New Zealand awards system. In summary, the conference proved to be subdued, reiterating the established popularity of Mr Bennett as party president and Mr Kirk as Parliamentary leader, while reflecting a cautious approach to policy evolution and governance within the party structure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730511_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730511.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,105883200
4520,11,05,1973,"Private Medical Plans Disliked (Press, 11 May 1973)","On 10 May 1973, the Labour Party held its annual conference in Wellington, where delegates made significant decisions regarding healthcare and social issues. A notable vote passed to withdraw tax exemptions from private hospitals and medical insurance companies. Additionally, delegates supported a phased withdrawal of State funding for private hospitals and the gradual phasing out of private medical diagnostic laboratories. Instead, the health committee proposed improvements to public hospital diagnostic services to diminish the need for private hospital usage and private health insurance. The conference also addressed drug regulations, endorsing methadone maintenance programmes like the one led by Dr R. A. Roche in Auckland. However, Dr G. A. Wall, the committee’s chairman, cautioned against making hasty decisions regarding drug policy until the government’s new regulations were implemented, which were set to begin that week. Mr F. D. O’Flynn, the Minister of Health, noted that a review of narcotics classification was underway, which prompted discussions around the potential removal of cannabis from the narcotics list and a reduction in penalties for its use. O’Flynn stated this might not be an appropriate time for such amendments due to the ongoing review. Moreover, the conference called for the immediate removal of restrictions on contraceptive education and supply. This included urging the lifting of legal barriers preventing doctors and chemists from providing contraceptives. The delegates reaffirmed a decision from 1971 that decriminalised homosexual acts between consenting adults, and they adopted the view that the only grounds for divorce should be the irretrievable breakdown of marriage. Overall, the conference’s resolutions highlighted a shift towards enhancing public health services and adopting more liberal social policies in line with contemporary views on healthcare and personal freedoms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730511_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730511.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,105883200
4521,12,05,1973,"New Member Appointed (Press, 12 May 1973)","The Rev. W. F. Ford from Wellington has been appointed to the Broadcasting Authority, succeeding Mr R. B. Miller of Christchurch, whose term ended on 16 January 1973. Rev. Ford is the chairman of the Wellington district of the Methodist Church and has a strong background in community and welfare initiatives. He is also the chairman of the Homosexual Law Reform Society and the Wellington Marriage Guidance Council. Additionally, he represents the National Council of Churches on both the Commission of Churches on International Affairs and the Race Relations Council. Rev. Ford is married and has three daughters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730512_2_164.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730512.2.164,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,105969600
4522,16,05,1973,"A Violent Women’s Lib. (Press, 16 May 1973)","On 16 May 1973, a report highlighted the emergence of a vigorous women's liberation movement in France, a country historically known for its feminine allure. Despite having a relatively small number of militants compared to other Western nations, French feminists demonstrate a notable inclination towards aggressive tactics. This was exemplified when members of the “Mouvement pour la Liberation de la Femme” (MLF) conducted a raid on the Paris office of the National Medical Association after it took an unfavourable stance on abortion. In this act of protest, which involved throwing files out of windows, deploying stink bombs, and vandalising walls with phrases such as ""Fascist Mummies,"" the MLF showcased a confrontational approach to activism. The French feminists, referred to as “enragees” (or furious), share similar goals with women's groups elsewhere but adopt a more extreme Leftist ideology. Their interactions with other Leftist organisations have frequently ended in disputes, as they accuse potential male allies of maintaining outdated views about gender roles. However, the MLF has established a stable relationship with the “Homosexual Front for Revolutionary Action.” Prominent figures, particularly actresses like Delphine Seyrig and Francoise Fabian, have lent their voices to the MLF. Additionally, the influential author Simone De Beauvoir, a well-respected intellectual and long-time companion of philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, often supports the movement by participating in public demonstrations. De Beauvoir's presence has led to challenges for law enforcement, as they attempt to manage crowds while avoiding the media spotlight that follows the esteemed writer. Despite their attention-grabbing methods, the MLF has struggled to gain widespread support among French women. While many women sympathise with the MLF's goals, there is a general belief that their tactics will yield limited outcomes. The contentious abortion issue has provided the MLF with a platform to advocate for their position. In France, abortion laws restrict the practice except in life-threatening situations, and there is a significant number of illegal abortions estimated to range from 300,000 to a million annually. Many women, including those from conservative groups, have begun to back calls for more lenient regulations. However, the Health Minister, Mr Foyer, has stated, “The vice of the rich should not also become the vice of the poor.” With legislative elections on the horizon, major political groups, including the Gaullists and Communists, are convening women's caucuses to address these issues. A significant barrier for the MLF's cause is the entrenched mindset of many French women. Although public opinion shifts towards dismissing male superiority, many women remain resistant to movements that advocate for banning cosmetics, as they remain attached to the traditional elegance of the Parisienne. This presents a complex challenge for the MLF as they seek to broaden their appeal and enact change in French society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730516_2_211.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730516.2.211,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,106315200
7862,02,06,1973,"Call For Law On Transvestites (Press, 2 June 1973)","On June 1, 1973, the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards submitted proposals to the Statutes Revision Committee in Wellington, advocating for significant changes in the legal definitions and regulations concerning prostitution and public behaviour related to gender presentation. Miss Patricia Bartlett, representing the society, argued that the term “prostitute” in the law should be revised to include both men and women, highlighting the need for gender neutrality in the definition. Furthermore, the society expressed its intention to introduce a legislation clause in the Police Offences Act that would criminalise men dressing as women and appearing in public in such attire. Miss Bartlett pointed to the increasing visibility of men in women’s clothing in certain areas, particularly in specific Wellington hotels and along Auckland’s upper Queen Street, which she described as notorious for these occurrences linked to homosexual prostitution. The society also took a firm stance against homosexuality, insisting that it remain a criminal offence, and proposed that lesbianism, currently legal in New Zealand, should also be criminalised. This reflects a broader aim of the society to reinforce traditional moral standards in the face of what they viewed as increasing deviancy in societal norms. Additionally, Miss Bartlett addressed the existing legislation regarding public exposure, specifically section 47 of the Police Offences Act. She argued that this section should remain unchanged, opposing any move to amend it to accommodate nudist groups. Bartlett contended that allowing nudists to display themselves on public beaches would infringe upon the rights of those who might be offended by such displays, asserting that the government should prioritize protecting public decency over accommodating niche interests. The proposals presented encapsulated a strong desire from the society to reaffirm conservative values in New Zealand's legal framework, reflecting broader societal debates during the time about gender, sexuality, and public morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730602_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730602.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,107784000
4523,05,06,1973,"Court View On Homosexuality (Press, 5 June 1973)","On 5 June 1973, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in Auckland, Sir Richard Wild, addressed the legal limitations surrounding homosexuality while sentencing 28-year-old Michael Paul Stone, a take-away bar assistant. Stone received a 12-month prison sentence after being found guilty by a jury of committing an indecent act. During the trial, he appeared in court wearing flamboyant attire, which included a bouffant hairstyle, makeup, and a tight-fitting blouse. Sir Richard Wild expressed sympathy towards Stone and individuals in similar situations, acknowledging the difficulties they faced. However, he reinforced that the courts were obliged to adhere to existing laws until they were amended. The Chief Justice clarified that Stone's case did not pertain to homosexuality in general but specifically involved homosexual activities for monetary compensation. He emphasised that the interests of the community must take precedence in such cases, underscoring the legal system's current stance on issues of this nature.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730605_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730605.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,108043200
4524,13,06,1973,"Homosexuality Law Changes Sought (Press, 13 June 1973)","On 13 June 1973, a national campaign launched in Christchurch aimed at securing equal legal status for homosexuals, comparable to that of heterosexuals. The Campaign for Homosexual Equality, an organisation representing over 150 homosexual individuals, is initiating this campaign by distributing a petition. The petition calls for the repeal of sections 140 to 142 of the 1961 Crimes Act, which criminalise certain sexual acts between consenting individuals under the age of 21. The organisation is advocating for the legal recognition of sexual acts between consenting persons aged 16 and over, regardless of their sexual orientation. Furthermore, the petition seeks to eliminate all other anti-homosexual legislation, with the objective of achieving legal parity between heterosexual and homosexual behaviour and ultimately abolishing sexual discrimination in New Zealand law. A national conference aimed at gathering support for homosexual law reform is planned in Christchurch later this year, after which the collected petition will be formally presented to the Government. Mrs D. Halpin, a spokesperson for the Campaign for Homosexual Equality, highlighted the support that the group has garnered from various entities, including the New Zealand University Students’ Association as well as several church and welfare organisations. She referenced a statement by Professor B. James, a professor of psychological medicine at the University of Otago, published in “The Press” earlier that year, which aligned with the campaign’s ethos. Professor James asserted that homosexuals should be governed by the same legal principles that apply to heterosexuals, advocating for the recognition of sexual activities among consenting adults aged 16 and over, irrespective of sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730613_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730613.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,108734400
4525,16,06,1973,"Bleak Future For U.s. Draft Dodgers (Press, 16 June 1973)","The Vietnam War has officially ended, with all American prisoners returned and the last combat troops withdrawn. However, around 32,000 American deserters still face uncertainty. These individuals fled the conflict, unable to support a cause they didn't believe in, and now seek amnesty from the U.S. government. They reside in various countries such as Sweden, Canada, and the UK, all classified as felons under American law, facing potential imprisonment for up to a decade if they were to return. The article tells the story of Doug Tiberis, a war deserter who, after receiving his draft card five years earlier, tried numerous tactics to avoid conscription, including pretences of illness and even claiming to be homosexual. When these attempts failed, he withdrew his savings and purchased a one-way ticket to Canada, joining thousands of others seeking refuge from the draft. Tiberis is currently living in a Montreal slum but faces bitterness due to high unemployment and the repercussions on his family back home, forced to relocate after being targeted by vigilantes. In contrast to Tiberis’s experience in Canada, deserters in Sweden face greater challenges. Neil Stimson, who has lived there for four years, struggles with cultural adjustment and language barriers within Sweden’s distinct social democracy. His situation is compounded by the general hesitation of Swedish authorities to offend the U.S. government. Meanwhile, in Germany, a new court case has raised concerns for deserters, with one individual ordered to be deported despite being married to a German citizen. This reflects a precarious situation for those in Germany who fear revealing their status. Some deserters lead double lives, like Doug Ashford in London, who appears as a guitar maker but is actually a wanted man. Britain has an extradition agreement with the U.S., putting Ashford and many others at risk. He lives under constant fear of arrest, unable to work or access social services without revealing his status. Despite the end of the war, President Nixon has stated there would be no forgiveness for draft dodgers or deserters, suggesting amnesty is unlikely. Those who have attempted to return safely have often been arrested immediately upon arrival. As the future appears bleak for these individuals, the longing for a resolution to their plight remains palpable. The hope for an amnesty from President Nixon dwindles as he reiterates a hardline stance against granting forgiveness, leaving many to continue their lives in exile, fragmented from their homes and families.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730616_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730616.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,108993600
3980,21,06,1973,"N.s.w. Bans On Building (Press, 21 June 1973)","On 20 June 1973, it was reported that Builders’ labourers in New South Wales had imposed black bans on construction projects valued at $2700 million. Jack Mundey, a representative of the Builders’ Labourers’ Federation, announced that the latest ban specifically targeted extensions to Macquarie University. This action was taken in solidarity with an 18-year-old student who had been barred from the university’s Anglican residential college due to his sexual orientation. The student was an active member of the Gay Liberation movement at the university. Mundey highlighted that the ban was a result of a request from the university's student council and emphasised that universities should serve as inclusive environments for all individuals seeking education. He expressed that it was critical for educational institutions to refrain from discriminatory practices, asserting that all students, regardless of their sexuality, should be afforded the same respect and opportunities for learning. The ban on the construction work would remain in place until Macquarie University recognised and addressed this inequality, thus allowing all students to thrive without facing discrimination.",Australia,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730621_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730621.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,109425600
4526,27,06,1973,"Watergate Innuendo (Press, 27 June 1973)","On 27 June 1973, the visit of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev to Washington, D.C., overshadowed the ongoing Watergate scandal, which was marked by intense political intrigue and controversy. As investigative efforts continued, the testimony of former White House counsel John Dean was anticipated to have significant implications for President Richard Nixon's position. Dean was seen as potentially the most damaging witness yet in the Senate's Watergate investigation, particularly following revelations from earlier testimonies that had connected him and former Attorney General John Mitchell to the planning of the infamous break-in at the Watergate Hotel and efforts to cover it up. Jeb Stuart Magruder, the former deputy head of Nixon's re-election campaign, indicated that he chose to abandon his cover story upon realising that Dean's memory lapses could be tied to taped conversations. Magruder felt that the time for someone to take the fall—or ""scapegoat""—for the scandal was approaching, prompting him to hire a lawyer, which catalysed the disintegration of the cover-up. Amid these developments, a swirl of gossip emerged concerning Dean's personal life, suggesting that he was distressed about the prospect of prison and fearful of potential humiliation from fellow inmates. Rumours insinuating that Dean may have homosexual tendencies began to circulate, further complicating the scandal-ridden environment of Washington. While this gossip was rampant in social circles, many acquaintances defended Dean, citing his physical appearance and good looks as factors that contributed to the unsubstantiated claims but ultimately deemed the implications as unfounded. In parallel, there were discussions about John Mitchell's alleged alcohol consumption. Reports claimed he was leaning heavily on drinking to cope with stress during this tumultuous period. However, business associates dismissed the assertions, characterising Mitchell's drinking habits as normal for someone under significant pressure, asserting that he was just an average social drinker. Overall, the Watergate affair was becoming increasingly entangled in personal scandals and media speculation, complicating the broader implications for Nixon's administration as the Senate committee continued its investigations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730627_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730627.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,109944000
4527,10,07,1973,"Homosexuals And The Law (Press, 10 July 1973)","In a discussion regarding the treatment of transvestites within the judicial system, Mr Justice Speight expressed strong concerns about the impracticality of incarcerating transvestites in all-male prisons. He made a statement reflecting on a specific case where a one-year prison sentence was quashed, highlighting the challenges faced by individuals who are not suited for such environments. He noted that it is unreasonable to subject someone who does not conform to traditional gender norms to incarceration in a male facility, suggesting that it may exacerbate and even promote homosexual behaviour within an overcrowded prison system. Supporting this viewpoint, CD. J. West, in his work ""Homosexuality,"" also raised concerns about the effects of prison conditions on the behaviour of incarcerated individuals. This notion of segregation leading to heightened homosexual practices was echoed in the context of current laws and their application by the courts. Meanwhile, Chief Justice Sir Richard Wild noted that while the prevailing laws about homosexuality were rigid, it remained the court's responsibility to enforce these laws, which led to the sentencing of a transvestite to 12 months of imprisonment. This sparked ongoing debate about the legal treatment of individuals with different sexual identities and gender expressions. The letter written by M. on July 5, 1973, underscored the urgent need for the government — which had been in power for over seven months — to reevaluate and reform the laws governing homosexuality. The underlying sentiment was a plea for change to address the outdated and ""crazy"" legal framework that placed individuals into challenging situations without consideration of their rights and circumstances. The ongoing dialogue illustrates a growing recognition of the need for legal reform to better accommodate the complexities of gender identity and sexual orientation within the New Zealand justice system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730710_2_109_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730710.2.109.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,111067200
6575,12,07,1973,"London Sex Case (Press, 12 July 1973)","On 11 July 1973, the City of London Magistrate's Court heard shocking testimony regarding a scandal involving the broadcasting industry. A woman known as “Miss B” recounted an incident where she and five other women were involved in a 24-hour sex orgy facilitated by Janie Jones, a 34-year-old singer and model. The court was informed that the orgy took place in a luxury hotel in London and featured various sexual acts, including lesbian performances and intercourse with one of the men present. Janie Jones is facing several serious accusations, including systematically offering sexual favours to promote pop records within broadcasting time slots. As the proceedings unfolded, “Miss B” claimed that she had attended multiple such parties aimed at benefiting individuals associated with the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Additionally, Jones faces other charges, such as attempting to influence witnesses, managing prostitution activities, and allegedly soliciting someone to murder her former husband, songwriter John Christian-Dee, who is also facing charges of attempting to pervert the course of justice. Alongside her, Eric Gilbert, a 42-year-old former court official, is also before the court in connection to the case. During her testimony, “Miss B” explained that she was initially drawn into this “sex-entertainment routine” by Jones, who promised it would assist her in gaining a job in television. However, “Miss B” eventually lost faith in Jones’s assurances, describing them as implausible. She mentioned that her typical payment for participating in these activities was £5 per occasion. When discussing Gilbert's involvement, she stated that he primarily took care of domestic responsibilities, including making tea and overseeing the household. The case is ongoing as the court continues to delve into the serious allegations raised by “Miss B” and the implications for those involved in this scandalous affair in the broadcasting sector.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730712_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730712.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,111240000
4528,13,07,1973,"Homosexuals And The Law (Press, 13 July 1973)","In a letter published on 13 July 1973, a writer responded to a previous correspondence in ""The Press"" that had incorrectly used the term ""homosexual"" when ""transvestite"" was intended. The author expressed dismay at this mix-up, clarifying the distinction between the two terms. A homosexual is someone who is attracted to members of the same sex, while a transvestite is an individual who dresses in clothing typically associated with the opposite sex and may seek to embody that identity through hormone treatment. The letter emphasised that while a transvestite may also identify as homosexual, the two identities are not inherently linked. The writer highlighted that the conflation of these terms reflects a broader public misunderstanding of the nuances surrounding both homosexuals and transvestites, underscoring the ongoing challenges faced by these communities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730713_2_88_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730713.2.88.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,111326400
4529,16,07,1973,"Homosexuals And The Law (Press, 16 July 1973)","In a series of letters published on 16 July 1973, a correspondence discussion unfolded concerning the definitions and perceptions of homosexuality and transvestitism. The first letter, authored by an individual identified as M., responded to a previous claim made by ""J.R.C."" that misquoted the Chief Justice. M. asserted that ""J.R.C."" incorrectly stated the term ""homosexual"" when referring to “transvestite,” explaining that the judge actually meant ""homosexuality."" M. noted that it was crucial to maintain the usage of the term ""homosexual"" to ensure comparability between two cases involving transvestites who engaged in homosexual practices and were charged under homosexual laws. M. clarified the distinction between transvestites and transsexualists, emphasising that a transvestite does not necessarily desire to become a member of the opposite sex; rather, this characteristic defines a transsexualist. While some transsexualists may identify as transvestites, the two groups are not synonymous. In the subsequent letter, Jim Abelson expressed a harsh critique of homosexuals, presenting a view based on his professional experiences. He labelled those who identify as homosexuals as criminals or mentally ill and expressed skepticism about the existence of a “normal” homosexual who engages in respectful, consensual relationships. Abelson further argued that male transvestites were not merely private individuals but often resorted to prostitution, alleging they employed deceit and blackmail. He advocated for legal change regarding homosexuality but warned that societal pressures, referring to “gay” activism in Britain, would persist in demanding lowered age of consent laws and reduced privacy. M. responded again, aiming to clarify the distinctions and misclassification while addressing the issues raised. The editor of “The Press” concluded the correspondence, indicating that the discussion was now closed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730716_2_121_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730716.2.121.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,111585600
6866,18,07,1973,"James Norcliffe’s “kitch” (Press, 18 July 1973)","The play ""Kitch,"" written by James Norcliffe and directed by William Lennox, was staged at Shirley Boys' High School from 17 to 20 July 1973. The production runs for approximately 1 hour and 20 minutes each evening, starting at 8 p.m. Norcliffe, a contributor to the ""New Zealand's Heritage"" series, has brought to light the historical figure of Viscount Kitchener, who is associated with Christchurch. The play revolves around a school cadet corps preparing for an inspection by the field marshal, with comedic elements featuring a rehearsed ""three cheers"" routine and antics from dubious police officers who disrupt the teachers by stealing their trousers, prompting the boys to either hide or escape to Sumner. The central theme of ""Kitch"" appears to explore the absurdities of British National Service during the era of the hydrogen bomb, echoing ideas previously discussed by Jeff Nuttall in ""Bomb Culture."" The production benefits from its experienced director and the author’s grasp of farce; however, it suffers primarily due to the vocal delivery of the cast. The reviewer notes that the current education system has not equipped students with the comedic vocal skills reminiscent of earlier performances, leading to a lack of clarity in dialogue and rushed delivery of essential staging business. Despite its shortcomings, the opening night revealed some positive elements of the performance. Nicholas Dangerfield as Captain Withers set a strong tone, while Philip Burn elicited laughter with his portrayal of a suicide followed by a lengthy resurrection. Other actors, including Nicholas Hawes and Philip Cook, indicated potential for strong performances, and Philip Harding's depiction of the headmaster showed a comical lack of proficiency in pipe lighting. Craig Hibbert and Mark Doran, playing key roles as leading boys, demonstrated lively presence, joined by competent performances from Craig Dickson, Ross Keith, and Nigel Lawry. Petrina Months offered an intriguing portrayal of a sinister figure, while Peter Weekes impressed as a bogus constable, although more explicit identification in his character’s introduction would have enhanced clarity. There were issues with the delivery of verse segments in the script, but there remains potential for improvement. The reviewer expresses optimism that, as the season progresses, aspects of the play such as the duel with brandy-snaps and the paper-bagged staff meeting will reach their comedic apex, as long as the cast improves their vocal performance and audience engagement. Overall, ""Kitch"" holds promise for a successful run despite its initial challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730718_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730718.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,111758400
7905,19,07,1973,"Books Sent To P.m. (Press, 19 July 1973)","On 19 July 1973, Miss Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, voiced her concerns regarding a collection of books she had sent to New Zealand’s Prime Minister, Mr. Kirk. Speaking at a meeting of the Nelson Catholic Men’s Dinner Club, Bartlett questioned the fate of these books, which she deemed indecent. She expressed disappointment in the lack of action taken following her gesture, highlighting her belief that the standards upheld by the Indecent Publications Tribunal were alarmingly low. Bartlett noted her uncertainty regarding whether the books remained in Mr. Kirk's office, but she articulated frustration over the perceived inaction pertaining to the community standards and the protection of the family unit. Her remarks hinted at a broader concern about societal values, suggesting that discussions around the importance of family might be insincere if not matched by regulatory action on publications. This sentiment reflects an ongoing discourse regarding the cultural and moral implications of literature available in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730719_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730719.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,111844800
7906,31,07,1973,"Tape Recording Of Film Appeal Hearing Banned (Press, 31 July 1973)","On 30 July 1973, a hearing took place in Wellington regarding an appeal against the Censor's decision to ban the film ""Last Tango in Paris."" The Cinematograph Films Censorship Board of Appeal, chaired by Mr. W. H. Carson, excluded a tape recording of the morning session's evidence, stating it did not conform to general proceedings. Miss Patricia Bartlett, who had been recording, claimed she received verbal permission from the appeal board's secretary to use her tape recorder, believing she had a right to do so since she couldn't take shorthand notes. The appeal was brought forth by United Artists (Australasia) Pty, Ltd., represented by counsel Mr. L. Brown, Q.C., and Mr. M. B. Williams. The Solicitor-General, Mr. R. C. Savage, appeared as amicus curiae, presenting arguments against the film's release. Mr. Brown argued for lifting the ban, asserting that the film was a significant work of art with integrity, and that its ability to provoke offence and shock was legitimate within cinematic expression. He acknowledged the film's explicit content but contended it served the context appropriately, expressing disbelief that it could be seen as merely titillating. Richard McClure, New Zealand manager for United Artists, stated that he would accept the film being released with a stringent warning to audiences, similar to those given for other controversial films like ""The Devils"" the previous year. The distributor called upon five witnesses to support the appeal, including media professionals and a representative from the Presbyterian Church, each affirming the film’s artistic value. Conversely, Mr. Savage argued strongly for the censor’s ban, describing the film's language and imagery as gross and unsuitable for public viewing. He portrayed the sexual relationship depicted in ""Last Tango in Paris"" as brutal and devoid of tenderness, suggesting it would negatively influence societal morals. He warned that the film could attract viewers beyond merely discerning audiences, which raised significant public interest concerns. The board ultimately reserved its decision on the appeal, leaving the final outcome uncertain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730731_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730731.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,112881600
4530,09,08,1973,"Journey Through Iran Proved Eventful (Press, 9 August 1973)","In August 1973, 23-year-old Sarah Hobson shared her extraordinary experiences in Iran, where she disguised herself as a boy for three months. Her motivation for this disguise stemmed from previous encounters in Muslim countries, where she faced harassment as a woman. Believing that dressing as a boy would offer her greater safety, Sarah prepared meticulously for her trip by altering her appearance in London. She cut her hair short, purchased oversized men's clothing, and even crafted a pocket in her shirt for her passport and travel cheques. At 5 feet 9 inches tall, with measurements that made her rather robust, she felt her size could help lend credibility to her disguise. On her hitchhiking journey through Europe to Istanbul and then to Iran, she encountered various challenges. One significant incident occurred during a passport check near the Russian border, where her female passport photo raised suspicions, leading the gendarme to accuse her of being a spy. Though she successfully defended her story, the encounter led to her losing her accommodation for the night. During her travels, Sarah was offered a bride by a carpet merchant who mistakenly believed she had made the long journey from London to Iran as a pilgrim. This unexpected proposal left her astounded, but she quickly sidestepped the offer by citing her engagement to a cousin. Her time in Tehran was filled with further complications. Intrigued by the beauty of Persian men, Sarah sometimes forgot her male persona when approached by them. One handsome young man invited her to his home, addressing her as ""mister,"" which reminded her of her disguise. As she explored Iran, Sarah was not only there for adventure but also to study design for her leather goods business. However, maintaining her disguise was a constant challenge, as her feminine features often drew puzzled looks from locals. She attempted to adopt more masculine habits, such as mimicking the way men walked and gestured, but this often felt unnatural. Despite the challenges of her disguise, Sarah found herself adjusting somewhat to her role, particularly when engaging with local social customs, such as admiring women at a tribal wedding. Interestingly, she also faced misconceptions about Western women, as many Persian men assumed they were promiscuous, much to her frustration. Now living in a cottage in the Midlands, where she continues to weave, write, and design, Sarah expressed a desire to return to Iran the following year. She contemplated whether to travel again in disguise or as her true self. However, she remained mindful that some might see through her disguise, recalling a widow named Sakina who insisted she was a girl, even going so far as to ask for proof. Sarah’s adventure illustrates the complex interplay of gender, culture, and identity during her travels.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730809_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730809.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,113659200
4531,13,08,1973,"Sex-murder Toll Raised To 23 (Press, 13 August 1973)","On 12 August 1973, a significant development in a horrific sex-and-murder case unfolded in Houston, Texas, as pathologists struggled to identify the remains of 23 victims. The investigation has already led to murder charges against two teenagers: David Owen Brooks, aged 18, and Wayne Henley, aged 17. Presently, only three bodies have been positively identified, with Dr Joseph Jachimczyk, the chief medical examiner for Harris County, indicating that some victims may never be identified. The ongoing search for additional bodies in southeast Texas has been halted due to high tides, the presence of crowds, and difficulties in locating other graves. The alleged killings are believed to have occurred over three years and may represent one of the most severe mass murder cases in American history. Henley confessed to police that he shot Dean Corll, a 33-year-old bachelor from Pasadena, during a chaotic paint-sniffing and sex party after an argument. Following his confession, Henley claimed he had been responsible for the murder, while Brooks, although denying involvement in any killings, admitted to being present during some acts and assisting in transporting bodies in Corll's specially modified van. Brooks mentioned an alarming perspective on the number of victims, estimating between 25 and 30, whereas Henley believed there were 24. The police's probe into this distressing case was sparked by Henley's initial claims about Corll. The investigation has so far led to the discovery of 17 bodies at a grave located in a boatyard in southwest Houston, with additional remains found near Lake Sam Rayburn, located 180 miles northeast of Houston, and on a beach near High Island, 80 miles east of Houston. As the investigations continue, the shocking extent of the crimes remains a disturbing point of focus for authorities and the public alike.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730813_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730813.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,114004800
4532,16,08,1973,"Gay Liberals (Press, 16 August 1973)","A ""World In Action"" documentary is scheduled to air on 21 August 1973, focusing on societal attitudes towards homosexuals, using the life of Sam Green as a case study. Sam Green is a psychiatric nurse and a Liberal councillor representing the Cross Gate area in Durham, located in north-eastern England. The programme aims to explore the perspectives of those around him, including his voters, friends, colleagues, and family, particularly his mother, to better understand the prevailing attitudes towards homosexuality. Titled “Conversations With A Gay Liberal,” the documentary is produced by Granada Television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730816_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730816.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,114264000
3981,17,08,1973,"Charming Wizard Flies In (Press, 17 August 1973)","On 17 August 1973, Ian Brackenbury Channell, also known as the ""wizard"" from Oz, arrived at Christchurch Airport from Melbourne, creating a scene of excitement and protest. Accompanied by an aura of tension, the reception lounge was filled with university feminists prepared to ""hex"" the wizard, leader of the controversial ""Slavery for Women"" movement. The atmosphere featured his supporters, including men wearing Gay Liberation Front badges and others dressed in tropical helmets waving Union Jacks. As Channell disembarked from the aeroplane wearing a black pointed wizard’s hat and smock, he was greeted by cheers and songs like ""God Save Our Gracious Wizard"". An enthusiastic crowd of over 100 fans held banners welcoming him to what they called ""God’s Own Country."" Channell, who heads the Wizard's Cosmological Research and Development Centre at the University of Melbourne, came to participate in the University Arts Festival. His arrival included some playful antics as he humorously noted the slow customs process, suggesting it might be due to his so-called ""evil face."" Interactions with members of the women’s liberation movement showcased a light-hearted, albeit contentious atmosphere, where Channell explained that their jealousy stemmed from his attributes of good looks and intelligence. Channell, an Englishman with academic credentials in sociology and psychology, considers himself a ""living work of art."" He aims to perfect levitation, claiming it would allow him to elevate his soul to heaven by December 4, 1974. Meanwhile, he plans to organize demonstrations against students and continues his controversial campaign stating that women are inherently evil. He has ambitions for the British Establishment to reclaim control over civilization, intending to transform Western culture into a theatrical spectacle. While he humorously declined requests for magical transformations, he asserted that his charm served to uplift women metaphorically, enhancing their confidence. Known for his flamboyant personality, Channell also engages with anti-war activism and has run for political positions, including a past candidacy as a monarchist and for the title ""Centre of the Universe"" at Melbourne University. The wizard's visit to Christchurch promises a variety of engaging events, including lectures and debates. Following his airport reception, he was taken away in a unique vehicle, a limping Daimler, distinguished by its Alsatian dog and adorned with twin Union Jacks, setting the stage for what would surely be an entertaining visit.","Gay Liberation Christchurch; Ian Channell",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730817_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730817.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,114350400
3982,21,08,1973,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 21 August 1973)","Changing social attitudes in New Zealand are increasingly reflected in the growing focus on reforming laws around homosexuality. A private member's bill is set to be introduced to Parliament later this year, aimed at legalising homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. In April 1973, Minister of Justice Dr Finlay expressed support for such a bill, indicating that it would enable a free vote in Parliament and voicing his commitment to giving it parliamentary time. Evidence of changing attitudes includes the emergence of gay liberation movements in Auckland, Christchurch, and Wellington, which aim to educate the public about homosexuality and assist homosexual individuals. These movements, alongside the longer-established New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, have garnered support from sociologists and medical professionals. They argue that until the outdated laws on male homosexuality are amended, public perceptions will lag behind contemporary medical and social understandings. Limited research on homosexuality's prevalence and impact in New Zealand exists, yet initiatives like the one led by Roman Catholic priest Rev. F. Donnelly aim to provide support. Father Donnelly has established a homosexual bureau in Auckland, offering confidential advice and assistance to homosexuals and highlighting the need for societal acceptance. He will be a key speaker at the upcoming national conference of the Gay Liberation Movement in Christchurch on 25 and 26 August 1973. The Christchurch Gay Liberation Movement, represented by Mrs D. Halpin, has reportedly received numerous calls for assistance since its inception two years ago, demonstrating a pressing need for support among homosexual individuals facing challenges living as a minority in a largely heterosexual society. Halpin noted that many involved in the movement, including the Homosexual Law Reform Society, are not themselves homosexual but are committed to advocating for reform and public education to foster acceptance of homosexual individuals as law-abiding members of society. Halpin contests common misconceptions about homosexuals, asserting that male homosexuals are not always effeminate and female homosexuals do not conform to a masculine stereotype. She emphasises the importance of social justice and argues that society must grant homosexual individuals the right to lead their own lives. The Gay Liberation Movement aims to educate the public on the issues facing homosexuals, contending that these challenges are not a matter of choice. Both the National and Labour parties' conference resolutions support the reform of current laws. The movement's objective is to enlighten the public on the necessity of law changes, advocating for a shift away from outdated British laws that have been discarded in more progressive societies. Halpin believes it is time for New Zealand to adopt similar humane reforms to create a more accepting environment for homosexual individuals.","Gay Liberation Christchurch",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730821_2_176.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730821.2.176,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,114696000
4533,22,08,1973,"Chekhov Play Well Handled (Press, 22 August 1973)","Anton Chekhov's play ""The Anniversary"" was successfully adapted into a television production by the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation (N.Z.B.C.) despite being written 75 years earlier. Though the comedy's pacing and style might not resonate with modern audiences, the performances by the four main actors greatly contributed to the show's success. David Tinkham portrayed the bank chairman effectively, showcasing his vanity and concerns about maintaining the anniversary's decorum. Donna Akersten played his oblivious wife convincingly, while Alex Trousdell represented the troubled and eventually discontented clerk. Dorothy McKegg brought a surprising depth to her seemingly weak character, with Chekhov's humour adding to the overall enjoyment primarily through the quality of acting. In contrast, the N.Z.B.C. programme ""The Befrienders"" did not deliver the same level of engagement. It revolved around Miranda, a depressed character played by Jean Marsh, who displayed suicidal tendencies. The show leaned heavily towards melodrama, often feeling like it was prolonging the agony unnecessarily. Much of her emotional distress and interactions—such as calls to a helpline—had become clichéd, detracting from the overall effectiveness of the storytelling. The supporting character of a troubled doctor added some authenticity, but the programme's execution often mirrored the contrived emotional tones of early silent films. Additionally, the N.Z.B.C. Symphony Orchestra made a brief yet welcomed appearance during the evening’s programming, enhancing the cultural offerings that the N.Z.B.C. provided, which had started to include orchestral pieces more regularly. A segment from ""World in Action"" presented a thoughtful exploration of a Durham City councillor who openly identified as homosexual. It examined both public and peer reactions, portraying a nuanced view of the challenges and acceptance he faced, and was complemented by stunning scenic footage from the show's cameras. Overall, the review highlights the varying degrees of success among the evening’s N.Z.B.C. broadcasts, illustrating how the quality of performance and storytelling can significantly affect audience reception. The balance of dramatic content, particularly in productions like ""The Befrienders,"" contrasted with the effective, if somewhat dated, execution of Chekhov's work and the progressive handling of societal issues in the ""World in Action"" segment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730822_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730822.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,114782400
4534,24,08,1973,"Accused To Have Tests (Press, 24 August 1973)","On 24 August 1973, authorities in Houston took significant legal steps regarding two young men implicated in a horrific case of multiple homicides involving 27 boys. A judge, William Hatten, mandated psychiatric evaluations for Elmer Wayne Henley, 17, and David Owen Brooks, 18. This decision came after the prosecution argued that the sheer scale and brutality of the crimes warranted a thorough examination of the youths' mental health and competency to stand trial. Currently, Henley faces charges in three murder indictments, while Brooks is associated with one murder indictment, all linked to what has been described as the largest multiple killing in modern American history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730824_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730824.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,114955200
3983,27,08,1973,"Priest Talks To Gay Liberation Meeting (Press, 27 August 1973)","During the Gay Liberation national conference held in Christchurch on 26 and 27 August 1973, the Rev. F. Donnelly, a Roman Catholic priest operating a support bureau for homosexuals in Auckland, condemned aversion therapy for homosexuals as “abhorrent” and a significant affront to individual identity. He urged psychiatrists and society to foster self-acceptance, arguing that sexual orientation is an unchangeable aspect of a person's character. Father Donnelly shared insights from homosexual individuals who had undergone aversion therapy, highlighting that it left them disoriented about their own identities, often causing profound confusion. The priest noted that for a homosexual to conform to societal expectations of sexual abstention would render them “a nonperson” or compel them to lead clandestine lives. He praised the Gay Liberation movement for its role in helping individuals embrace their true selves but cautioned against the risk of segregating into a “ghetto” or viewing other groups as adversaries. He stressed the importance of engaging with broader societal dynamics, suggesting that the unique perspectives of the homosexual community are valuable and essential. During the discussions, Ms Sharleen Forbes from Auckland challenged Father Donnelly's views, critiquing his references to “gifts of nature” as patronising and reflective of an outdated discourse that categorises gays as inherently artistic. She expressed frustration with the bigotry and intolerance pervasive in New Zealand's middle-class society, asserting that they were on the brink of a broader sexual revolution, ready to pursue equality through various means. Ms Sandy Hall from Christchurch echoed concerns that the societal attitudes toward homosexuals had not manifested meaningful change. She commented on the persistent discomfort surrounding openly expressed affection between same-sex individuals, dismissing the notion that superficial liberal acceptance equated to true progress. The conference participants, including Lindsay Taylor from Christchurch, reached a consensus that the term “gay” should encompass anyone emotionally or physically attracted to the same sex, suggesting that this could apply to a significant portion of the population. Discussions revealed the ongoing oppression faced by openly homosexual individuals, from societal rejection to workplace discrimination. In closed discussions, delegates outlined plans for future actions, including the establishment of a “Gay Pride” week in June 1974, and marches and teach-ins in September 1973 to align with Australian Gay Week. They also agreed to support efforts aimed at repealing all anti-homosexual legislation, marking a proactive step towards promoting equality and eradicating discrimination. Approximately 60 delegates participated in the conference, showcasing a strong collective commitment to advancing the rights and acceptance of the homosexual community.","Felix Donnelly",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730827_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730827.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,115214400
3984,31,08,1973,"Reply On Homosexuality (Press, 31 August 1973)","On 30 August 1973, a notable exchange arose during the Gay Liberation national conference in Christchurch, where Father F. Donnelly, an Auckland priest known for assisting homosexuals, expressed criticism of aversion therapy aimed at homosexual individuals. He described this therapy as ""abhorrent"" and indicated that it was sometimes applied to individuals struggling to accept their sexuality, often being enforced upon those convicted of minor sexual offences. In response, Mr H. Love, the former chairman of the clinical division of the New Zealand Psychological Society, contested Father Donnelly's claims. He asserted that if Father Donnelly could not provide evidence of consenting adult males undergoing aversion therapy involuntarily, it suggested he was conflating homosexual behaviour with other types of sexual misconduct, including paedophilia, exhibitionism, and other non-consensual acts. Mr Love challenged the implications of Father Donnelly's statements, questioning whether the priest believed that society should accept the behaviours of individuals who exploit or harm others. He further suggested that Father Donnelly’s remarks might inadvertently discourage some individuals from seeking necessary treatment, potentially leading to significant emotional suffering. In a more general critique, Mr Love declared that aversion therapy encompasses various treatment techniques and is not a singular method. He argued against the notion that homosexuals are incapable of change, stating that successful treatment often involves replacing undesired behaviours with others that are socially acceptable, typically heterosexual behaviours. Father Donnelly had characterised homosexuality as an ""incontrovertible fact"" that should be accepted, and he expressed concerns about societal pressures for complete sexual abstention, implying such demands would compel homosexuals to lead inauthentic lives. Mr Love refuted this argument, positing that a lack of understanding about behavioural treatment methods underpinned such views. Overall, the dialogue highlighted the complexities surrounding discussions of homosexuality, therapy, and societal expectations, reflecting the evolving attitudes and debates of the time regarding sexual identity and treatment methodologies.","Felix Donnelly",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730831_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730831.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,115560000
3985,01,09,1973,"Behaviourist Idea Of Homosexuality (Press, 1 September 1973)","On 1 September 1973, B. S. Parsonson and P. N. Priest from the New Zealand Psychological Society’s division of behaviour analysis expressed their disagreement with comments made by Father F. Donnelly at the Gay Liberation national conference held in Christchurch. Father Donnelly asserted that homosexuality is an unchangeable reality that must be accepted, likening it to other inherent facts. In response, Parsonson and Priest contended that homosexual behaviour is learned and, therefore, can be altered through established principles of learning. They highlighted that there is substantial research indicating that homosexual behaviour can be modified, countering the priest's claims of its immutability. They mentioned aversion therapy as one method among various behaviourally-oriented therapeutic techniques that can be employed to modify homosexual behaviour, asserting that it is not the only solution available. Furthermore, Parsonson and Priest noted that not all individuals who identify as homosexual are satisfied with their sexual orientation, suggesting that some may seek change or support. The dialogue reflects the ongoing debate during this period regarding the nature of sexual orientation and the possibility of change through psychological intervention.","Felix Donnelly",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730901_2_166.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730901.2.166,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,115646400
7907,04,09,1973,"The Press Tuesday, September 4, 1973. A Fair... (Press, 4 September 1973)","Mary Whitehouse, an English campaigner known for her opposition to violent and sexual content in media, is set to visit New Zealand next month. Her visit is anticipated to prompt a mix of applause and criticism, largely derived from her past actions in Britain rather than her statements during the trip. There is a risk that some may dismiss her, likening her to Patricia Bartlett, without fully understanding the intent and impact of their arguments regarding censorship. The discourse surrounding censorship and its implications on the arts is complex, with rational points on both sides that merit discussion. Whitehouse’s position in Britain has gained significant public support, with millions signing petitions against what she terms “moral pollution,” indicating a widespread concern among citizens regarding the potential negative impact of certain media portrayals. This raises questions about the influence of visual content on individual behaviour, particularly when linked to serious crimes such as rape and murder. While there is acknowledgment that many viewers are unaffected by films like “A Clockwork Orange,” there exists a body of evidence that suggests media can incite violent actions. In New Zealand, society appears to be increasingly accepting of explicit representations of sexual deviance and violence, framed as artistic freedom. However, this acceptance often leads to those who raise concerns being branded as outdated or politically repressive. A recent article in the magazine “Encounter” discussed the backlash faced by advocates for public morality in Britain, hinting at a growing intolerance towards discussions on the need for standards in media representation. This sentiment raises the possibility that similar trends may emerge in New Zealand. It is essential to clarify that the discussion around censorship is not an outright endorsement of Whitehouse or Bartlett's views; rather, it is crucial to consider the evidence they present. Critics of pornography often lack robust evidence, but there are instances where media can be linked to real-life violence. The ongoing debate must grapple with the difficult balance between artistic freedom and societal impact, particularly in light of potential crimes influenced by media. Furthermore, the current trend in opposing censorship appears to come with an overwhelming confidence in the correctness of its stance, which may stifle consideration of alternative viewpoints. The fear is that this liberal movement may inadvertently advocate for illiberal practices, particularly when dissenting opinions are silenced. Ultimately, one of the fundamental questions in this debate remains unresolved: if media can have positive effects on audiences, why are its potential negative impacts so readily dismissed? Until a comprehensive framework addressing these concerns is established, Whitehouse and her supporters warrant serious consideration and discussion within the New Zealand context. Acknowledging that a community should accept both the benefits and detriments of media is crucial, as is recognising that detrimental effects do exist.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730904_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730904.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,115905600
4535,07,09,1973,"Homosexuality “not Justified” (Press, 7 September 1973)","In a statement delivered in Christchurch on 6 September 1973, the Dean-elect of Sydney, the Rev. L. Shilton, articulated his opposition to legalising homosexuality in New Zealand. He argued that homosexuality is a deviation that cannot be justified, and that liberalising the law would lead to moral confusion, as individuals might equate legal acceptance with moral approval. Shilton, who is currently the rector of Holy Trinity Church in Adelaide and will assume his new position as Dean of Sydney in November 1973, stated that if homosexual practices were made legal, it would ultimately not benefit homosexuals. He asserted that the responsibility to prove that homosexuality does not inflict harm on individuals or society rests with those advocating for the law change, indicating skepticism towards their ability to demonstrate its benefits. To illustrate his point, he drew a parallel to the ongoing debates about the legalisation of marijuana, emphasising the need for caution in enacting laws that permit potentially harmful behaviours without conclusive evidence of their safety. Shilton expressed concern that legalising homosexuality could foster harmful attitudes within society, suggesting that exposure to such practices might normalise them in ways that could be detrimental. While he acknowledged that some homosexuals could benefit from treatment, he believed that implying there is no need for treatment denies them the chance to develop normal heterosexual attitudes. He claimed that the societal guilt felt by homosexuals is tied not to societal condemnation but to acting against divine laws. A well-known figure in the campaign against obscenity, Shilton had previously played a key role in banning the controversial musical ""Oh! Calcutta"" in Adelaide and influencing its prohibition across Australia. He conveyed a sense of emerging community support against what he termed promiscuity and permissiveness, expressing the view that while many had remained silent, there is now a call for leadership on these issues. Shilton clarified that his stance against certain practices should be seen not as negative but as an affirmation of values he believes to be right.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730907_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730907.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,116164800
3986,08,09,1973,"Priest Replies On “aversion Therapy” (Press, 8 September 1973)","On 8 September 1973, the Rev. F. Donnelly, a senior lecturer at the Auckland School of Medicine, addressed the topic of homosexuality in a letter to the editor of “The Press,” seeking to clarify earlier remarks made by Mr H. Love, a former chairman of the clinical division of the Psychological Society. Love had commented on aversion therapy in relation to a Gay Liberation conference in Christchurch where Donnelly had spoken. Donnelly explained that his original speech highlighted a common aversion among homosexuals towards aversion therapy, asserting that it is fundamentally damaging to push such treatment since sexuality is an integral part of one's identity. He acknowledged that while a small minority of individuals might desire to change their sexual orientation, the majority do not seek this change and have often faced pressure from various sources to renounce their homosexuality. Donnelly contested Love's assumption that he was speaking about other forms of sexual behaviour aside from homosexuality, emphasising his familiarity with the subject and precision in terminology. He illustrated how courts sometimes mandate ‘treatment’ for convicted homosexuals, which can assimilate to aversion therapy, driven by familial and societal pressures. This therapy, stemming from guilt or distress, may lead individuals to undergo treatment they later regret. He affirmed his belief in the value of sensitive therapy for individuals with sexual difficulties, insisting it should not aim to alter fundamental drives but rather to enhance personal confidence and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, Donnelly clarified that had his talk been fully reported, it would have included his strong condemnation of specific aversion therapies, such as those involving drugs or electric shocks, which he described as abhorrent. In his conclusion, Donnelly highlighted the shifting attitudes within the homosexual community towards these therapies and underscored the resentment towards efforts to change their sexual responses, arguing that aversion therapy reinforces the outdated notion of homosexuality as a sickness.","Felix Donnelly",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730908_2_196.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730908.2.196,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,116251200
4536,10,09,1973,"Lesbians Win Appeal (Press, 10 September 1973)","The Michigan State Court of Appeals has determined that a homosexual relationship between mothers does not automatically render their home unfit for their children. This ruling emerged from a case involving two women, each estranged from their husbands, who were living together with their respective children. The initial decision came from Lapeer County Probate Judge Norman Baguley, who, on 19 October 1971, ordered the children to be placed into foster care. He based this decision on a state law permitting probate courts to intervene when a child's home environment is deemed unfit due to factors such as neglect or depravity. The Appeals Court noted that while the court records indicated the existence of a lesbian relationship between the mothers, the prosecution failed to demonstrate that this relationship made the home unsuitable for the children. Thus, the ruling underscored that a mother's sexual orientation should not be a criterion for determining a child's welfare or the suitability of their living situation. This landmark decision reflects a broader recognition of diverse family structures and their potential to provide stable environments for children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730910_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730910.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,116424000
4537,11,09,1973,"Homosexuals And The Law (Press, 11 September 1973)","On 11 September 1973, R. N. Kennaway, a spokesperson for the New Zealand Homosexual Reform Society in Christchurch, expressed his dismay at the negative views on homosexuality presented by Rev. L. Shilton in a column. Kennaway stated that these uncharitable attitudes do not reflect those of many leading church figures and psychologists associated with the society. He emphasised that most homosexuals do not choose their sexual orientation and face a lack of effective treatment options, should such intervention be deemed necessary. Referencing Father Donnelly, Kennaway argued that expecting absolute sexual abstention from homosexuals effectively demands they lead inauthentic lives, which contradicts Christian values. He contended that society would not benefit from maintaining legal or social discrimination against homosexual individuals. In sports news, Cronulla-Sutherland secured their position in the Sydney Rugby League grand final with a 20-11 victory over Newtown at the Sydney Cricket Ground. They are set to face Manly-Warringah in the grand final the following Saturday.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730911_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730911.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,116510400
7339,15,09,1973,"Literary Views And Reviews (Press, 15 September 1973)","Two significant books on marriage were reviewed, highlighting different perspectives on the institution and its future. ""The Future of Marriage"" by Jessie Bernard presents a passionate critique of marriage, particularly from a feminist viewpoint, arguing that traditional marriage structures favour men while restricting women's health, independence, and happiness. Bernard draws on her experiences with the Women’s Liberation movement, asserting that societal norms unfairly celebrate men's roles in marriage while diminishing the significance of women's contributions. She suggests that married women often face a stifling security without the compensations of excitement and independence, unlike their single counterparts. Bernard explores the tensions within marriage between freedom and security, and she predicts that the future of marriage will not be absolute but will evolve into a spectrum of arrangements, accommodating varied commitments and definitions of fidelity. She believes this evolution reflects a shift in societal expectations, where marriage may accommodate new lifestyles, such as communal living and group marriages, if designed thoughtfully. In contrast, Carl R. Rogers’ ""Becoming Partners"" takes a more subjective and personal approach to understanding marriage. Rogers presents a collection of testimonials from diverse individuals, allowing their voices to reveal the complexities and dynamics of their marital experiences without imposing judgments on their success or failure. He highlights marriage as a process of growth and change, rather than a static institution, and emphasises the importance of continuous effort, emotional openness, and individuality within relationships. According to Rogers, the key to a fulfilling marriage involves commitment to collaboration, honest expression of feelings, and the courage to break free from societal expectations. He advocates for the need to rethink and develop marriage education, lamenting that young people are often unprepared for the realities of marital life, as evidenced by high divorce rates, particularly in America. Both authors posit that marriage, while facing challenges, holds potential for a myriad of futures, adapting to societal changes and personal needs. Bernard calls for the prioritisation of women's roles within marriage, while Rogers urges a more flexible understanding of marriage as an evolving journey rather than a fixed point. Both books collectively challenge readers to reconsider their perceptions of marriage and to recognise the necessity for growth, learning, and adjustment within their relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730915_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730915.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,116856000
4538,17,09,1973,"26 Walk Out At United Women's Convention (Press, 17 September 1973)","On 16 September 1973, a significant event occurred at the United Women’s Convention held at the Y.M.C.A. Hall in Auckland, where approximately 1,500 attendees, predominantly women, gathered for discussions on various political, social, and educational topics. The convention concluded with a heated protest involving 25 women and one man who walked out after a resolution advocating for changes to abortion laws, allowing termination to be a personal choice for women, was passed. A contrary motion to oppose all induced abortions was notably defeated. The protest marked a rare moment of tension amid a generally structured convention that featured articulate presentations from female conveners summarising findings from 32 workshops. Among the various resolutions discussed, key proposals included the argument that marriage should not be a prerequisite for adoption or childbirth, highlighting that many women found fulfillment in choosing to remain childless. Delegates emphasized the need for greater awareness about the implications of entering marriage, with a strong suggestion for reforms to simplify divorce processes, which garnered enthusiastic approval. The convention also addressed discrimination against homosexual women, suggesting that education should reflect a non-biased presentation of homosexuality. Advocates proposed encouraging children to develop emotional and physical relationships with both sexes. Furthermore, recommendations included ensuring equal legal rights for wives, introducing laws to prevent sex-based discrimination in employment, establishing a government bureau for women's research, and promoting women's involvement in trade unions for achieving equitable measures. A noteworthy resolution receiving unanimous support requested the Prime Minister, Mr. Kirk, to appoint a special adviser on women’s affairs. A separate resolution urged consumers to reject excessive packaging in stores, showcasing a commitment to environmental awareness. The only male workshop convener highlighted that discussions on male liberation concluded that the movement for women’s rights was fundamentally a collective effort involving both genders working towards mutual liberation. Additionally, the convention addressed media representation, passing a resolution expressing discontent towards an article and cartoon published by the ""Auckland Star,"" which the chairwoman, Miss Cherry Raymond, deemed disrespectful to the event. However, she clarified that this censure did not extend to all press members. Overall, the convention was marked by a focus on feminist issues, empowerment, and a drive for social change within the context of 1970s New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730917_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730917.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,117028800
4539,22,09,1973,"Studying Man’s Aggression (Press, 22 September 1973)","In his book ""Man’s Aggression: A New Approach,"" published in 1973, Professor Gregory Rochlin presents a complex analysis of aggression, asserting that it originates as a defence mechanism against threats to self-respect and narcissism. He suggests that aggression can become a means to ensure success and recover a sense of worth. When aggression cannot be justified or is suppressed by conscience, it often turns inwards, leading to self-criticism and depression. Throughout his work, Rochlin critiques the limitations in Sigmund Freud's treatment of aggression, which was sidelined compared to sex and self-preservation. Though Freud's notion of the ""death instinct"" attempts to address aggression, Rochlin finds it confusing. Rochlin reinterprets several classical Freudian cases, including ""little Hans,"" Judge Schreber, and Anna O, through the lens of aggression. He argues against drawing parallels between human aggression and animal behaviour observed in captivity, claiming that aggression in wild animals does not correspond to those in laboratory settings. This differentiation raises questions about the roots of aggression in humans, suggesting that rather than stemming from childhood fears of violence, aggression arises from deeper unconscious conflicts tied to self-preservation. Rochlin posits that while animals do not gain gratification from aggression, it is a significant aspect of human existence. He argues that early in life, individuals must navigate their narcissism and aggression before sexual development can take place. The guilt that arises from unresolved sexual conflicts is intertwined with the narcissistic aggression in children, which can lead to possible self-directed hostility and depression as a defence mechanism. The text critiques the repetitive nature of revisiting Freud's theories, suggesting that many of his ideas, although once considered radical, are now integrated into broader psychological discourse and not universally accepted. Instead of merely exploring the nature of instinctive processes that disrupt humanity, Rochlin advocates for a more practical psychological approach centred on what facilitates personal well-being. Despite the intellectual depth of Rochlin's research, the reviewer notes a lack of practical evidence from controlled studies involving individuals in need, indicating that the book, while thought-provoking, may come across as somewhat dated for contemporary audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730922_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730922.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,117460800
7645,28,09,1973,"‘Last Tango In Paris’ No Go In N.z. (Press, 28 September 1973)","The film ""Last Tango in Paris"" has been officially banned in New Zealand, following a decision by the Cinematograph Films Censorship Board of Appeal. The appeal was lodged by United Artists (Australasia) Pty, Ltd., attempting to overturn the film censor's previous ban from April 1973, which cited concerns over public decency and the public interest. The Board’s decision was announced on 27 September 1973 and it was not unanimous. The majority opinion was held by Mr. W. H. Carson, the chairman, along with board member Miss M. J. Clark, while board member Mr. W. N. Sheat articulated a dissenting view. Mr. Carson stated that the explicit sexual content in the film was integral to its narrative, arguing that any cuts would compromise the film's overall integrity. He rejected the suggestion to modify its content or to categorise it under a restricted classification (R2O), although such a classification had been deemed acceptable by the appellant's counsel. The appeal's discussion referenced concerns raised by the societal group known as the Society for the Protection of Community Standards, which Mr. Sheat felt had unduly influenced the perceptions around the film. In his dissent, he asserted that modern audiences are capable of understanding complex themes depicted in films, while acknowledging that the media's attention had heightened scrutiny around the film's release. The plot of ""Last Tango in Paris"" features Marlon Brando and Maria Schneider and revolves around a middle-aged man's tumultuous relationship with a younger woman following his wife's suicide. The dynamics explored in the film are underpinned by strong themes of grief and sexuality. Film censor Mr. Douglas McIntosh later reiterated that decisions regarding film censorship are made with objectivity, stating that overt sexual acts and certain language cannot be permitted in public cinemas. He remarked that the recent screening of ""Last Tango in Paris"" in Australia was a result of political decisions, rather than being passed by their film censor. The situation reflects ongoing tensions between artistic expression in cinema and public standards of decency, particularly regarding graphic sexual content. The ruling effectively maintains New Zealand's strict censorship laws, which disallow films that do not align with established community standards, irrespective of the artistic value they might present.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730928_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730928.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,117979200
7908,28,09,1973,"’deluge' Of Pornography (Press, 28 September 1973)","On 27 September 1973, Miss Patricia Bartlett advocated for a full-time Indecent Publications Tribunal that is less dominated by intellectuals and more representative of community standards. Speaking at a luncheon for approximately 100 women organised by the Rewi Street Kindergarten Association in Te Awamutu, Bartlett expressed her concerns about the challenges faced in regulating the flow of pornographic material entering New Zealand. Her organisation, the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, had previously requested this change, but their appeals were dismissed by the Government during amendments to the Indecent Publications Act in January 1972. Bartlett highlighted that between December and August of the previous year, the tribunal, composed of five part-time members who also held other full-time positions, had to make 130 decisions regarding indecent publications. She noted that while the country employed four full-time film censors, there was not a single full-time book censor in place. The current composition of the tribunal, she argued, was not adequate, as it lacked members who genuinely understood the public's standards of decency. She critiqued the tribunal's approval of certain books with explicit content involving “bizarre positions of intercourse,” highlighting that censors were not obligated to seek medical professional opinions on such depictions. Bartlett raised concerns about the ambiguous legal definitions surrounding the exhibition of indecent publications, which allowed booksellers and dairies to display restricted material. She cited that in Wellington, it was common for shops to sell books deemed suitable for individuals over 16 that discussed topics such as lesbianism and fetishism, right at the entrance. Additionally, she pointed out that under the current law, a child would need to be caught reading a restricted book to warrant successful prosecution—a situation she lamented, questioning how many parents would consent to their children encountering such materials. Further criticising the media, Bartlett mentioned that newspapers had protested when they were denied comprehensive details of the tribunal's findings. The result of this had been that children in Wellington were gaining access to lists of inappropriate books and the tribunal's rationale for its decisions, published in local newspapers. Overall, Bartlett's address underscored her urgency for reform in the regulation of indecent publications, reflecting concerns over the influence of explicit materials on the community, especially children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730928_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730928.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,117979200
3987,29,09,1973,"Magistrate’s Court Fines Imposed For Painting... (Press, 29 September 1973)","On 29 September 1973, the Magistrate’s Court imposed fines on three individuals for vandalising properties with Gay Liberation slogans. The defendants, Lindsay lan Taylor (23), Andrew John Rhodes (18), and Raymond James Farrelly (21), were fined $30 each and ordered to pay restitution of $30 after pleading guilty to damaging several walls on 18 September. The damage totalled $90. Their lawyer argued that their actions were driven by social ideals rather than criminal intent, as they were active members of the Gay Liberation Front, which aimed to change societal attitudes towards homosexuality. However, the Magistrate, Mr E. S. J. Crutchley, emphasised that the defendants had committed deliberate acts of vandalism, regardless of their motivations, and stressed the importance of respecting property rights.","Gay Liberation Christchurch; Andrew Rhodes; Lindsay Taylor; Raymond Farrelly",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19730929_2_163.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19730929.2.163,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,118065600
4540,05,10,1973,"Homosexual Professor (Press, 5 October 1973)","On 4 October 1973, Dr Howard Brown, a professor of medicine at New York University and the city’s first health services administrator, made a significant announcement during a conference on human sexuality. Speaking to an audience of approximately 600 fellow physicians, he declared that he has been homosexual for over 30 years, saying, “I am today publicly announcing my homosexuality.” Dr Brown addressed the stigma surrounding homosexuality, stating that many homosexuals live in fear of being exposed and that there is a need to alleviate their suffering. He emphasised that a considerable number of physicians in New York City are homosexual, with at least ten whose practices are predominantly composed of homosexual patients. According to Dr Brown, every type of physician, including obstetricians, has patients who are either homosexual or who grapple with their sexual identity. He urged the medical community to reject the notion that homosexuality is a treatable abnormality and advocated for a more accepting attitude towards homosexual patients. Dr Brown called for physicians to inform their homosexual patients that there is no clinical evidence to support the idea that homosexuality is a disease, asserting that being homosexual does not inherently result in an unhappy life. He further noted that he is aware of many individuals in various professions, including priests, Protestant clergymen, dentists, and politicians, who are also homosexual. His statements represented a bold move towards increased visibility and acceptance for the LGBTQ+ community within the medical field and society at large.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731005_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731005.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,118584000
4541,06,10,1973,"World News Reports Summarised (Press, 6 October 1973)","A Miami judge is deliberating a proposal to permit a 19-year-old convicted murderer to go free on probation if he agrees to contribute to the support of his victim's widow and her five children. The widow expressed her frustration during the youth's trial, stating that the courts appeared more concerned with the defendant's rights than her own or those of her children. Judge Daniel Satin will make a decision on the proposal following a pre-sentence investigation. The prosecutor, Mr James Woodard, vehemently opposed the idea, calling it ""disgusting, abhorrent, and abominable,"" and questioned the morality of attaching a financial value to a life. Conversely, defence counsel Mr George Nicholas described the proposal as a ""novel and new idea"" that should be taken seriously. In international news, Syria has chosen to restore diplomatic relations with Jordan, following Egypt's lead, marking the end of a freeze in relations that began in 1971 over Jordan's stance on Palestinian commandos. Meanwhile, the French airline U.T.A. is returning to normal operations in Australia, New Zealand, and Fiji after lifting an Australian boycott against French nuclear tests. Carnaby Street in London received a £60,000 facelift, introducing a vibrant multi-coloured walkway, while the Bohemian Soho area has a more subdued design plan. A global uproar arose when Congressman Leslie Aspin highlighted that over 4,000 letters protested the U.S. military's planned use of beagle hounds in poison gas experiments. The Air Force has ordered 600 beagles for testing, prompting legal action from the National Anti-Vivisection Society. In Libya, new legislation imposes five-year prison terms for homosexual acts and introduces whipping as punishment for breaking the Ramadan fast. In France, investigations into a wine fraud scandal in Bordeaux have resulted in a comprehensive inquiry revealing large-scale tampering of inexpensive white wine to falsely enhance its value. In Nicaragua, a new penal code reform penalises ""news abuse and slander,"" raising concerns among opposition newspapers about attacks on press freedoms. A summary of this reform has led to protests including a 24-hour work stoppage by journalists. A record stamp sale in London saw a block of four unused yellow-green threepenny stamps from 1850 fetch £5,500, while a total of £228,505 was raised from 150 lots of stamps of the old British Empire. Tragedy struck when fishermen in the Canary Islands reported their eight-ton boat was sunk by a swordfish, resulting in one man's death. In economic news, Belgium raised its bank rate to 7% from 6.5%. East Germany has elected Horst Sindermann as Prime Minister following the appointment of Willi Stoph as Head of State. India repatriated 840 prisoners of war to Pakistan, completing a significant phase in the return of captives from the 1971 conflict. In lighter news, a pig named Penny avoiding slaughter by giving birth to piglets at a Luton slaughterhouse has delighted local livestock buyers. Eleven naval ships have arrived in Sydney Harbour to celebrate the opening of the Sydney Opera House, representing both goodwill and military presence. A fact-finding mission led by British union leaders is set to investigate race relations in South Africa, while several notable figures passed away, including the Duke of Buccleuch, actor Paul Hartman, Olympic champion Paavo Nurmi, and others, highlighting a week of significant events and transitions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731006_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731006.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,118670400
4542,19,10,1973,"Aust. Vote On Homosexuality (Press, 19 October 1973)","On 18 October 1973, the Australian House of Representatives voted in favour of a motion to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults. The motion passed with a vote of 64 to 40 and was introduced by Liberal front bencher Mr John Gorton from Victoria. It received support from Dr Moss Cass, the Minister for Conservation and Environment. Importantly, the motion applies only to the Australian Capital Territory and other territories under federal control, as individual states maintain their own laws regarding homosexuality. Following the passage of the motion, Mr Gordon Bryant, the Minister for the Capital Territory, announced that no further prosecutions would be initiated against males engaging in consensual homosexual relations in private within the Australian Capital Territory.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731019_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731019.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,119793600
7909,22,10,1973,"Morality Crusader Arrives (Press, 22 October 1973)","On 21 October 1973, British morality campaigner Mrs Mary Whitehouse arrived in Wellington, New Zealand, where she was welcomed by local activist Miss Patricia Bartlett. During her visit, Mrs Whitehouse expressed concerns that New Zealand was about to experience an influx of pornography from overseas sources. She attributed this potential flood to stricter anti-pornography laws being enforced in the UK, North America, and across Europe, which she believed could lead racketeers to seek new markets. Mrs Whitehouse is well known for her role as the founder, secretary, and chief spokesperson of the British Viewers’ and Listeners’ Association, an organisation with a claimed membership of three million. Since the early 1960s, she has gained prominence for her vocal opposition to various forms of media she deems inappropriate, including satirical television programmes like ""That Was the Week That Was"" and ""Till Death Do Us Part,"" as well as certain aspects of sex education. During her six-day tour of New Zealand, Mrs Whitehouse is scheduled to speak at public meetings in Wellington and Auckland, with her visit being supported by the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards. Her presence and activism in New Zealand are seen as part of a broader campaign against what she perceives as the harmful impacts of pornography and indecent media.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731022_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731022.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,120052800
3988,10,11,1973,"Contemporary Homosexuality (Press, 10 November 1973)","The book ""Homosexuality: A Changing Picture,"" edited by Dr. Hendrik M. Ruitenbeek and published by Souvenir Press, presents a comprehensive collection of essays on contemporary homosexual trends, authored by a diverse group of practising psychiatrists, sociologists, anthropologists, and journalists. The collection reflects significant shifts in the understanding and interpretation of homosexuality, marking an important advancement in the study of this subject. The contributors collectively argue against outdated notions that treat homosexuality as a sickness or deviance. Instead, they advocate for recognising homosexuality as a valid alternative form of sexual behaviour, alongside the various other expressions of human sexuality. This perspective underscores a growing acceptance within the mental health profession, demonstrating a move away from stigmatisation towards an appreciation of the complexity of sexual orientation. Several themes emerge throughout the essays, notably the argument for independent and distinct homosexual relationships, which stand in contrast to the traditional heterosexual marriage model. While the book provides valuable insights, a discernible limitation is its insufficient focus on female homosexuality. The authors highlight that the challenges faced by female homosexuals are akin to those of their male counterparts, albeit with differences primarily in the legal domain. The essays depict a changing landscape influenced by the ""gay liberation"" movement, which has granted greater freedom to practising homosexuals and those linked to them sociologically. This increased openness is not solely attributed to the gay liberation movement but is part of broader psychohistorical trends that are reducing oppression and allowing individuals to embrace their homosexual impulses more freely. The quality of writing across the collection is notably high, making it challenging to single out individual contributors for distinction. Instead, the book is recommended for its collective contribution to understanding contemporary homosexuality. Its timely compilation of ideas and narratives demonstrates a shift that would have been unlikely a decade earlier, suggesting a path towards further experimentation and acceptance of diverse sexualities in society.","Hendrik Ruitenbeek",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731110_2_78_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731110.2.78.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,121694400
4543,23,11,1973,"Sport And Recreation Subsidies Committee To Make... (Press, 23 November 1973)","On 23 November 1973, a meeting in Christchurch attended by 150 sports and recreation delegates resulted in the formation of a committee tasked with making recommendations to the government regarding subsidies for local organisations. The committee, consisting of seven members, was appointed by the Mayor of Christchurch, Mr N. G. Pickering, who also took part in the committee himself alongside Crs R. M. MacFarlane and W. V. Cowles. Representatives were chosen from various sectors, including two for active sports and two for passive recreation. Dr T. D. R. Anderson, from the Sports Medicine Foundation, and Mr S. Lewis, a director of physical education at the University of Canterbury, were elected to represent active sports. The representatives for passive recreation were Dr C. G. Riley, vice-president of the Aged People’s Welfare Council, and Mrs H. Holmes from the Arts Festival Committee. During the meeting, Mr Pickering announced that organisations in the Christchurch area could apply for a total of $101,280 available for “properly constituted voluntary bodies.” Applications needed to be submitted to the committee by 10 December, and each project could receive up to $30,000. However, if the subsidy funds were not fully utilised, they would not roll over to the next year. Delegates sought clarification on the definition of recreation, which Mr Pickering interpreted broadly, indicating that it encompassed any activity promoting well-being. He even cited the purchase of a television for an aged care facility as a valid example of recreational enhancement. A point of discussion arose from a delegate from Sisters for Homosexual Equality regarding the expansiveness of the definition of recreation, to which Mr Pickering indicated that it would depend on interpretation. Mr Lewis brought attention to the need for some of the fund to be allocated for a survey to assess the community’s recreational and sporting needs, suggesting that not all funds should be disbursed immediately. He referenced the practice in Britain where long-term plans for recreational needs are based on thorough assessments. Mr Pickering concurred on the necessity of conducting such surveys and expressed his hope that the committee would adopt a broad and liberal perspective when reviewing applications. The meeting included representatives from a range of organisations, reflecting diverse interests in sports and recreation in Christchurch. Some of the groups represented were the Boys’ Brigade, the Crippled Children Society, Risingholme Community Centre, the New Zealand Alpine Club, and the Canterbury Chess Club.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731123_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731123.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,122817600
3989,10,12,1973,"Opening Of New Police Station (Press, 10 December 1973)","On 10 December 1973, Prime Minister Mr Kirk inaugurated a new police station in Christchurch, remarking on the challenges faced by the police service over the past decade and acknowledging the progress made, while noting the significant work still needed. About 450 guests attended the opening ceremony, but a group of 10 protesters also gathered outside the station. The new building had been functional for two months prior to the official opening. During his address, Mr Kirk highlighted the importance of solid police policies but emphasised that efforts must extend beyond merely addressing crime to also tackle the underlying social issues that contribute to criminal behaviour. He expressed concern about the criminal justice system's limited ability to prevent crime at its source or change the motivations behind it. He framed the fight against crime as a multidimensional effort that requires improvements in housing, education, healthcare, and support for the elderly and disadvantaged. Mr Kirk argued that community action represented the first line of defence against crime, while a well-trained police force serves as an essential component for maintaining public safety. He issued a stern warning against drug trafficking and violent behaviour in the community, asserting that individuals engaged in such activities should be unwelcome and should leave. Despite acknowledging the important role of police, Mr Kirk noted the paradox of public perception, where police actions sometimes prompted accusations of misconduct, such as bullying or insensitivity. He suggested that these accusations often stemmed from emotional responses rather than rational criticism. He called for the community to forge a better understanding of the police and their crucial role in society, especially in light of a crime rate that was increasing without a corresponding rise in population. The protests were marked by the presence of demonstrators holding Gay Liberation banners, who remained silent throughout the speeches. Mr Kirk made a lighthearted remark regarding the protesters, referencing an earlier comment from MP B. G. Barclay about fines for allowing goats to roam the streets, joking that while he wasn't concerned about goats, there were plenty of them ""on Cambridge Terrace"" that day. Overall, Mr Kirk's speech underscored a comprehensive strategy aimed at addressing crime through societal change, community involvement, and the necessity of a capable police force while also acknowledging the complexities surrounding public perception of law enforcement.","Gay Liberation Christchurch",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731210_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731210.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,124286400
4544,18,12,1973,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 18 December 1973)","On 18 December 1973, several letters to the editor were published, addressing a range of social and political issues pertinent to New Zealand at the time. One letter from R.N. Kenaway, a spokesperson for the N.Z. Homosexual Law Reform Society, discussed public attitudes toward homosexuality in light of a statement by Rev. Maurice Goodall, who noted an increase in homosexuality in Britain since the 1967 legal reform. Kenaway argued that the increase in visibility may reflect more individuals living openly as homosexuals rather than an actual increase in numbers, suggesting New Zealand should consider similar reforms. Another writer, identified only as “Sore Feet,” expressed dissatisfaction with the New Brighton Trotting Club for providing extra seating for owners and visitors at the expense of regular punters, while Mr D.C. Parker, the club's secretary-manager, defended the seating arrangements as part of the public stand. A correspondent known as “Who Needs a Heatway” highlighted dangerous driving behaviours in Christchurch after six weeks of professional driving, pointing out issues such as ignoring traffic lights and poor signalling, indicating a lack of consideration among drivers. M.E. Ritchie contributed to the discussion on education, critiquing methods for teaching reading and spelling in schools, advocating for better teaching practices to cater to young learners' natural curiosity. The ongoing debate regarding alcohol licensing was addressed by another writer who opposed extending licensing hours during the upcoming sports events. They argued that New Zealand should maintain its cultural identity and not alter its norms for visitors. The topic of international politics surfaced through a letter targeting New Zealand's Prime Minister for mingling with the Indonesian military, accused of having committed mass atrocities. The writer urged adherence to principles of non-aggression and respect for sovereignty. In response to the United Nations' declaration granting terrorists prisoner-of-war status, one correspondent strongly condemned the move, characterising terrorists as lacking legitimacy and equating them with communism. The economic landscape for farmers was scrutinised through a letter that contradicted the Minister of Agriculture's claims of a ""boom year,"" casting doubt on the positive outlook by referencing predictions of decreased farm incomes amid rising costs and inflation. These letters encapsulated various opinions reflective of the socio-political climate of New Zealand in December 1973, showcasing concerns over social issues, local governance, education, international relations, and economic stability.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731218_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731218.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,124977600
3990,21,12,1973,"Public Attitudes To Homosexuality (Press, 21 December 1973)","On 21 December 1973, a letter to the editor in Christchurch raised concerns about what the author describes as visual pollution caused by graffiti related to the Gay Liberation Movement. The writer, A. Bramwell Cook, points to various slogans painted on city walls, such as ""Lesbians are lovely"" and ""Gay is proud. Free contraception. Legalise abortion."" Cook criticises these messages, suggesting that they detract from the decency of Christchurch and questioning whether the city, which aspires to be the ""gayest city"" for the forthcoming Commonwealth Games, should market itself with such slogans that promote the aims of the Gay movement and related groups. Cook mentions that those responsible for the graffiti have faced justice, but he insinuates that the punishment has not been sufficient, as the graffiti remains and continues to offend. He urges that they should have been made to remove their messages. The letter raises concerns about the image that Christchurch will project to visitors because of these public displays, suggesting that such expressions of identity should not be tolerated in the city's visual landscape. Another letter from a writer identifying as ""Jim Abelson"" echoes similar sentiments, although it shifts the focus to societal attitudes and legal frameworks surrounding homosexuality. Abelson critiques the changes in British law that allowed homosexual relations between consenting adults in private and argues that the electorate has been misled into accepting public displays from LGBTQ+ groups. He expresses disdain for what he labels the ""noisy psychopaths"" advocating for rights that Abelson views as inappropriate and damaging to societal norms. Abelson claims that media portrayals of the LGBTQ+ community, particularly sympathetic coverage on television, have been misleading and overly generous. He describes certain programmes and documentaries as biased and detrimental, arguing that while private homosexual behaviour cannot visibly be acknowledged, there is a push for public acceptance that he believes is unjustified. Both letters express a clear opposition to the visibility and acceptance of LGBTQ+ rights, particularly in the public domain, and call into question the implications of these movements on broader societal values in Christchurch. The letters reflect a period of societal tension regarding sexual orientation and public perception, highlighting a struggle between emerging freedoms for the LGBTQ+ community and traditional societal attitudes.","graffiti; Gay Liberation Christchurch",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731221_2_100_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731221.2.100.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,125236800
3991,22,12,1973,"Public Attitudes To Homosexuality (Press, 22 December 1973)","On 22 December 1973, a public correspondence was published regarding the actions of the Gay Liberation Front (G.L.F.) in response to concerns raised about graffiti in Christchurch. P. R. H. Maltng, the Liaison Officer for G.L.F., clarified that the organisation did not support the unauthorised painting of signs on any property, yet highlighted the more significant societal issues faced by individuals with a homosexual orientation. Maltng argued that the retention of anti-homosexual laws inflicts considerable pain, leading to unhappiness, ruined lives, and even suicides. The phrases ""Gay is proud"" and ""Gay is angry"" were deemed important for raising awareness about these issues that society often overlooks. Maltng noted that any damage from the signs had been compensated fully as directed by the Court and posed a question regarding when society would acknowledge and make amends for the wrongs it has inflicted on thousands of individuals. Moreover, D. Bramwell Cook responded, stating that he had misattributed certain wall defacements to the G.L.F. He acknowledged that only part of one sign in Durham Street was tied to the G.L.F., and legal reparations had been made for it, with individuals responsible being expelled from the organisation. Cook also apologised for any harm done to the G.L.F. through his earlier statements and clarified that the G.L.F. disassociated itself from other graffiti related to contraception and abortion, affirming their opposition to such acts of vandalism. The editor closed the correspondence, indicating that the discussion on the matter would come to an end.","Gay Liberation Christchurch",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731222_2_110_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731222.2.110.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,125323200
4545,24,12,1973,"Public Attitudes To Homosexuality (Press, 24 December 1973)","In a letter published on 24 December 1973, R. N. Kennaway, the Christchurch spokesman for the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, addressed criticisms made by Jim Abelson regarding the society's objectives. Kennaway clarified that the society aims to reform laws so that consensual homosexual acts between adults in private are not classified as criminal offences. He dismissed Abelson's claim that the electorate had been misled by various professionals, including clergy and academics, into accepting ""public displays of perversion."" Kennaway argued that this perspective demonstrates a lack of understanding of homosexuality. He referenced a pamphlet by the British Medical Association (B.M.A.), which states that many homosexuals do not exhibit signs of serious mental illness and are as well adjusted as society permits. He highlighted that the argument for legal reform, as stated by Dr D. L. Mathieson, is rooted in the potential to alleviate human suffering, which he deemed a reasonable justification for reform. Kennaway's letter emphasises the importance of recognising the humanity and rights of homosexuals, challenging societal misconceptions and advocating for a change in the legal treatment of homosexual acts among consenting adults. The letter concludes that no further correspondence on this topic will be accepted, indicating a desire to move the discussion forward in a more constructive manner.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19731224_2_81_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19731224.2.81.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,125496000
6576,03,01,1974,"Tiny Tim And The Bulldogs (Press, 3 January 1974)","The Tiny Tim Holiday Show will be held in Christchurch on Saturday, January 5, 1974, with a single concert at the Town Hall. Tiny Tim, known for his eccentric style and unique performances, captivates audiences with a blend of nostalgia and flamboyance. A description by Albert Goodman in the ""New York Times"" elaborates on Tiny Tim’s artistic persona, comparing him to a charismatic figure from the early 20th century, evoking images of the Moulin Rouge and the vibrant spirit of that era. Accompanying Tiny Tim on this tour is the Bulldogs Allstar Goodtime Band, a six-member ensemble that has made a name for itself in New Zealand since its formation at Wellington Teachers’ Training College 18 months ago. The band has captured the hearts of many Kiwis with their lively and entertaining appearances on the television show ""New Faces."" Their debut record, ""Miss September,"" penned by a former band member, John Donoghue, is currently climbing the charts. The Bulldogs' act is rich in music, humour, and audience engagement, featuring an eclectic mix of instruments that produce a distinctive sound. Their performance setup is described as resembling a “mobile junk shop,” featuring unique instruments such as washboards and a didgeridoo, alongside typical choices like guitars and banjos. The upcoming concert marks the beginning of the Bulldogs' professional career, and they have also been invited to perform at the Royal Variety Concert in the Town Hall, an exciting opportunity for the budding band. The band members include Neil Worboys on vocals and various instruments, Richard Egan on vocals and jug, Brien McCrea on washboard, Kevin Findlater on vocals and guitar, Tony Hooper on vocals and guitar, and Brian Hayward on tea chest and bass guitar.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740103_2_65_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740103.2.65.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,126360000
7910,22,01,1974,"Bare-breast Ruling ‘not Made By Police’ (Press, 22 January 1974)","On 21 January 1974, the New Zealand Police Minister, Mr Connelly, addressed concerns regarding topless women in public places, particularly on Auckland beaches. This was in response to a statement from Chief Superintendent B. R. Alty, who suggested that the police would not take action against women who bared their breasts in these settings. Mr Alty had expressed his belief that most people would not be offended by seeing a bare-breasted woman and indicated that he doubted any complaints would warrant police action. However, he clarified that this was his personal interpretation of the law. Mr Connelly, while acknowledging the report, stated he had yet to read Alty’s remarks and preferred to hold off making any decisions until he had the full context. He underscored that it is the courts, not the police, that determine the application of the law. He pointed out that police do not have the authority to create laws or decide their applicability in specific situations. In response to the ongoing discussion, Miss Patricia Bartlett, secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, expressed her surprise at the notion that no action would be taken if complaints were filed regarding public nudity. She noted that she had not seen the reports but felt that the police would likely respond to complaints about bare-breasted women. Alty further elaborated on his stance, stating he would find it challenging to successfully prosecute a case arguing offensive behaviour against a woman who chose to remove her top at the beach. He expressed the view that if a woman wishes to be topless, it is her personal right, and he did not find the action objectionable or deserving of legal repercussions. Alty also called attention to the perceived double standards in societal expectations of decency between men and women. Overall, the exchange highlighted a growing discourse in New Zealand society in 1974 regarding personal freedoms, public decency standards, and the role of law enforcement in mediating such issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740122_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740122.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,128001600
4546,22,01,1974,"Writing ""lowest-paid Job’ (Press, 22 January 1974)","Jordon Dryland, an Auckland novelist and playwright, claims to have one of the lowest-paid jobs globally. He explains that writing approximately 1,000 words daily over a month could yield half a novel, and after two months he might produce about 60,000 words, which could be revised to around 95,000 words—the length of a novel. However, he feels this process takes him a year to fully develop, stating that, in terms of man-hours, his profession is less lucrative than being a cleaner. To write effectively, Dryland emphasises the necessity of having a fixed space, stating he cannot write in hotels or while traveling. He enjoys starting his writing at 5 a.m. and admits that while he is not suited for journalism, he appreciates deadlines. Dryland’s latest play, ""If I Bought Her The Wool,"" is set to open a four-week season at the Court Theatre in Christchurch. The title of the play is inspired by a graffiti quote addressing sexuality, underscoring its themes of relationship dynamics among two men and a woman during a single evening. The characters are compelled to navigate and alter their sexual relationships throughout the performance. The setting of the play is adaptable to any Western context. Initially produced by the Central Theatre in Auckland in 1972, the play has gained international attention, with rights acquired by Australian entrepreneur Harry M. Miller. Notably, it was the first production by the Central Theatre to receive an R16 restriction in Auckland. Mr Dryland mentions that while the play is primarily for entertainment, it also engages in soul-searching, posing and trying to answer significant questions. Coming up to his 48th birthday, Dryland is an accomplished author with several novels to his name, including ""An Absence of Angels,"" which earned him the Literary Fund's best novel award in 1966. His more recent works include “Multiple Texture” and “Other Balloons,” both published in 1973. Additionally, his 1969 play “Dark Going Down” won a Rothmans playwriting award, which he received again for “If I Bought Her The Wool” in 1971. Last year, he furthered his skills by studying theatre in the United States on a grant from the Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740122_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740122.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,128001600
4547,28,01,1974,"Six Murder Charges (Press, 28 January 1974)","In a preliminary hearing held in Houston, Texas, the case of 17-year-old Elmer Henley, accused of multiple murders, has drawn significant attention following two weeks of chilling testimony. The proceedings have concluded, and a judge is expected to rule on a defence motion that seeks to suppress both oral and written statements made by Henley after his arrest. Henley faces charges related to the murders of six young men, part of a larger investigation into the killings of 27 youths connected to a series of homosexual killings. Henley was taken into custody in August 1973 in relation to the murder of 33-year-old Dean Corll. During the hearing, Henley claimed that he shot Corll in self-defence, a statement that has yet to be fully evaluated by the judge overseeing the proceedings. As the case progresses, the legal community and public are closely watching the implications of this high-profile trial.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740128_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740128.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,128520000
7911,05,02,1974,"Compulsory Sex Education Slated (Press, 5 February 1974)","On 5 February 1974, Patricia Bartlett, the secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, addressed a public meeting in New Plymouth, criticising the proposed introduction of compulsory sex education in New Zealand schools. She argued that such a programme could lead to a disconnect between children and their parents, insinuating that children would perceive their parents as uninformed on the subject if sex education were to be provided by teachers. Bartlett stressed the importance of parental involvement in teaching about sex and expressed concern that dedicated parents might feel inadequate in their ability to approach the subject if formalised education was introduced. Bartlett lamented what she viewed as a failure in New Zealand's educational approach, attributing a lack of focus on values such as love, self-control, and respect for women. She suggested that there were forces within society advocating for extensive sex education programmes that disregarded moral and religious considerations. These plans, she noted, would extend to all New Zealand schools, from kindergartens to Form VII, and had been laid down by a government-appointed committee in late 1973. She further commented on the makeup of this committee, highlighting that it included few members with local educational experience and raised concerns about the selection process, particularly the absence of representatives from the Roman Catholic educational system. Bartlett worried that the proposed programme could enable teachers with permissive views to influence students, citing existing issues of transvestites and homosexuals being allowed to address school pupils as indicative of a broader trend. In voicing her opinions, Bartlett raised the issue of parental rights, noting that there would be no provision to allow parents to withdraw their children from sex education classes. She argued that parents ought to have the same right to remove their children from these lessons as they do from religious classes. She called out the lack of resources available for parents needing guidance on educating their children about sex, suggesting that classes should be offered on this topic. During the meeting, Dr Michael Harry, a specialist from Denmark, contributed his perspective on compulsory sex education, citing it as a contributing factor to what he described as an ""over-sexed"" society. He expressed dismay at the erosion of traditional values in countries like Sweden and Denmark, attributing these societal changes to the breakdown of marital structures and morality that he believed were essential for preserving democracy. Overall, the discussion highlighted the stark divide between proponents and opponents of formal sex education, with Bartlett emphasising the need for parental involvement and moral education to counter what she viewed as a concerning trend in contemporary society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740205_2_188.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740205.2.188,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,129211200
6501,22,02,1974,"Court Upholds Dismissal (Press, 22 February 1974)","On 21 February 1974, the New Jersey Court of Appeals upheld the dismissal of Paula Grossman, a 54-year-old schoolteacher from Bernards Township, who had undergone male-to-female sex-change surgery in 1971. The ruling stated that her presence in the school could pose ""a potential for psychological harm to the students"". Prior to her surgery, Paula Grossman was married and had three children. She was diagnosed as a transsexual, a condition in which an individual has the physical characteristics of one sex but identifies with another. Upon returning to work after a sick leave, she did not inform the school superintendent about her surgery, completing the school year while dressed in male attire. However, she eventually adopted the name Paula Grossman and began living openly as a woman. Following these developments, the school board held a series of hearings and ultimately suspended her without pay. The court's decision to uphold the dismissal indicated a belief that, despite her personal circumstances, her presence might adversely affect the psychological well-being of her students.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740222_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740222.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,130680000
6577,16,03,1974,"A Great Scottish Household (Press, 16 March 1974)","""The Days of Duchess Anne"" by Rosalind K. Marshall offers a detailed exploration of life in the household of the Duchess of Hamilton from 1656 to 1716. This historical account is enriched by the archives of the Hamilton family, providing insights into the daily operations and customs of a Scottish noble residence during the 17th and early 18th centuries. The narrative focuses on the domestic and social structure of Hamilton Palace, which was significantly expanded during the Duchess's time, and highlights the importance of status and wealth in noble life. The Duke of Hamilton often found himself overwhelmed by the array of expensive goods available in London, essential for maintaining the family's social standing. The author illustrates how the elaborate lifestyles of the nobility mirrored modern social phenomena, with household staff numbering around 30, a mix of professional and menial workers. The book also covers the Grand Tour, an educational rite of passage for young noblemen, emphasising how such ventures could lead to significant financial strain, particularly through the trials of James, Earl of Arran, the Duke's son, who became embroiled in lavish court life, ultimately falling into debt. Lady Anne, the Duchess, emerges as a strong figure in this narrative, exemplifying the complexities of inheritance laws of the time and the shifting dynamics of noble status. Following familial tragedies and political upheavals, she assumed control over the Hamilton estates, showcasing both her capability and the challenges of the Scottish nobility during a financially taxing period. Marshall thoroughly addresses the socio-political landscape of Scotland, including the influence of religious controversies and the contrast between the opulence demanded by noble life and the relative poverty of Scottish nobility. The Duchess's Presbyterian beliefs are interwoven throughout the narrative, reflecting the tensions of her time while she navigated the familial and societal obligations expected of her. Additionally, the book delves into various aspects of life at Hamilton Palace, including entertainment, fashion, and the familial pressures related to succession. The relationship dynamics within the family are portrayed with nuance, particularly the consequences of James's irresponsible choices and the fallout from his subsequent marriages. In summary, ""The Days of Duchess Anne"" serves not only as a historical biography of a noted woman but also as a broad portrait of noble life in Scotland during a transformative period, illustrating the play of personal ambition against a backdrop of societal expectation. Marshall’s well-researched study balances personal stories with wide-ranging social commentary, making it accessible and engaging for readers interested in the complexities of historic life and gender roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740316_2_117_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740316.2.117.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,132580800
4548,18,03,1974,"Confessors’ Guidelines (Press, 18 March 1974)","On 17 March 1974, the National Conference of Roman Catholic Bishops in Chicago published a new set of guidelines for priests who hear the confessions of homosexuals. These guidelines aim to reinforce traditional Roman Catholic doctrine while encouraging a more pastoral and less judgmental attitude towards homosexuals during the sacrament of confession. According to the newly released booklet, homosexual acts are deemed a serious violation of the intended purposes of human sexuality and are incompatible with God’s will, as they are neither procreative nor reflective of the mutual love expected in a marriage between a man and a woman. The guidelines emphasise the importance of individualised approaches for different homosexuals, advising priests to consider factors such as the person's age, gender, and the extent of their engagement in homosexual behaviour. The intention is for confessors to adopt a more nuanced perspective when guiding these individuals, promoting a focus on helping them to forge meaningful relationships based on love and friendship that do not involve overt homosexual activity. The overarching goal for the priest-counsellor is to support homosexuals in developing deeper connections that align more closely with the teachings of the Church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740318_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740318.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,132753600
7912,30,03,1974,"Film Censorship Hill Forwarded (Press, 30 March 1974)","On 30 March 1974, the New Zealand Film Censor, Mr D. C. Mclntosh, is set to travel overseas to study film censorship trends, as announced by the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr May, during a parliamentary session introducing a Private Member’s Bill on film censorship proposed by Junior Government Whip, Mr J. L. Hunt. Mr May emphasised the need for Mr Mclntosh to be informed about recent significant changes in the field of film censorship. The proposed Cinematograph Amendment Bill introduces four classifications for film content. The existing classifications, “G” (General), “Y” (Suitable for young persons), and “A” (Adults only), will remain, albeit with a change in the age definition of adults from over 16 to over 18. The “Y” classification will permit screenings to adults and to younger viewers only if specified by the censor, whilst the “A” classification will restrict viewing strictly to adults. Importantly, the bill also introduces a new “N” classification, which denotes films that are not approved for exhibition. This classification applies to films that depict excessive and graphic cruelty, violence, crime, or sexual content, and that lack substantial artistic merit or importance. The bill specifies certain exemptions from censorship requirements, including technical, educational, and news films. It also allows films of artistic merit or social significance to be screened exclusively for members of approved film societies, or at film festivals run by these societies. Mr Hunt conveyed that his bill aimed to modernise film censorship for the 1970s. However, Mr D. A. Highet, the Opposition spokesperson on internal affairs, raised concerns regarding any potential rise in violence, pornography, or permissiveness in films, urging that such trends should be closely monitored. He stated that the Opposition could not support any legislation that might contribute to a decline in moral standards, although he clarified that his comments were not directed at Mr Hunt's bill. Highet acknowledged the desire for liberalisation among film societies, but highlighted the contrasting stance of others, specifically mentioning activist Miss Patricia Bartlett, who remains committed to upholding standards and curbing permissiveness and pornography in film content. Despite not being able to endorse Bartlett's proposals, Highet reiterated the Opposition's support for her concerns regarding the maintenance of moral standards in the film industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740330_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740330.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,133790400
4549,03,04,1974,"Sensitive Programme On The Aged (Press, 3 April 1974)","On 1 April 1974, a New Zealand-produced dramatised documentary titled ""What Shall We Do With Grandpa?"" aired, addressing the complex issue of elderly care. The documentary, produced by Peter Coates, depicted the struggles of an inflexible elderly man who had become a burden to his family. While the portrayal was somewhat exaggerated, it effectively illuminated the deeper issues surrounding elderly care. Charles Walker delivered a commendable performance as the elderly protagonist, showcasing his experience of being passed between family members and eventually ending up in an old-age home and a psychiatric hospital. The documentary suggested that the main issue was not ill health but boredom, as the character was mentally and physically well, yet isolated. His loneliness was poignantly illustrated through scenes of him aimlessly walking the streets, which conveyed a sense of despair that contrasted with popular misconceptions about old-age homes being lively and cheerful environments. The film offered no simple solutions for the challenges of caring for elderly relatives, leaving viewers with a greater understanding of the emotional and practical difficulties faced by families in similar situations. The evening of family-themed television continued with ""The Waltons,"" a show that depicted themes of familial love and resilience. In this episode, the Walton family resisted pressures to sell part of their cherished mountain. In a separate storyline, Ronnie Corbett humorously portrayed confusion over a character's sexuality, although the humour did not resonate with all viewers that night. ""The Waltons"" received praise for its heartwarming narrative, particularly reflecting on John Boy's experiences in the city while supporting his family's legal struggles. In another segment of the evening's programming, ""The South Tonight"" featured a novel idea of a talking newspaper honesty-box, creatively exploring public reactions to an unconventional situation. This segment highlighted people's surprising acceptance of the initiative, possibly due to the familiar voice of Rodney Bryant, known for his various talents. Overall, the night showcased a blend of serious social commentary on elderly care alongside family dramas and light-hearted entertainment, reflecting the diverse range of human experiences and challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740403_2_33_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740403.2.33.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,134136000
4550,16,04,1974,"Airbus May Visit Christchurch (Press, 16 April 1974)","The A300B Airbus, a 270-seat, twin-engined jet, may visit New Zealand for three days in May 1974. This wide-bodied aircraft has been developed by a consortium from France, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands, and Britain, with some involvement from the United States. Although the National Airways Corporation (NAC) has not formally requested the visit, the airline has expressed interest in the aircraft, particularly as it looks towards the late 1970s and 1980s for potential replacements for its Boeing 737 fleet. Mr H. Tansley, the regional sales manager of Airbus Industries, shared insights in Wellington, highlighting that NAC typically introduces a new aircraft with productivity advancements roughly 21 times greater than its predecessor every decade. The Airbus is seen as fitting seamlessly into this pattern of progression. The aircraft is anticipated to land in Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch, with courtesy flights scheduled for potential clients and stakeholders. In a separate social context, Gay Liberation groups have announced plans to stage demonstrations across the country in June. These events form part of National Gay Pride Week activities, which aim to advocate for the repeal of anti-homosexual laws and address discrimination against the LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740416_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740416.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,135259200
4551,16,04,1974,"Tribunal Rules On ’girlie’ Magazines (Press, 16 April 1974)","On 16 April 1974, Mr R. S. V. Simpson, the chairman of the Indecent Publications Tribunal, discussed a notable shift in societal attitudes towards nudity, stating that there is a growing consensus that nakedness is not inherently obscene. In his remarks, he highlighted the tribunal's responsibility to assess whether the free circulation of certain magazines would have a corrupting influence on the public. Simpson pointed out that current newsstands in New Zealand already display magazines with revealing photographs comparable to those in the magazines reviewed. The tribunal examined a series of ""girlie magazines"" entitled ""Rally Girl,"" specifically issues 1, 2, and 31. Simpson described these publications as attempts to exaggerate the association between the female form and sleek cars, a trend exemplified by the Earls Court motor show in London. While he noted that the photographs lacked artistic merit and that the nudity became repetitive, the tribunal ultimately deemed these magazines not indecent. Conversely, the tribunal classified another magazine for homosexuals, titled ""QQ,"" as indecent. They determined that the magazine, which featured the slogan ""For gay guys who have no hangups"" on its cover, lacked any literary or social value. The tribunal concluded that it presented homosexuality in a way that could be harmful to public well-being. Additionally, the tribunal ruled that Linda Lovelace's autobiography, ""Inside Linda Lovelace,"" was indecent. The content was deemed to violate the tribunal's standards of decency, as the book depicted degenerate behaviour and appeared to aim purely at inciting prurient interests. Overall, the tribunal's rulings reflect a complex view of decency and societal norms as they evolve in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740416_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740416.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,135259200
7913,04,05,1974,"N.z. Programmes In Limelight (Press, 4 May 1974)","On 4 May 1974, New Zealand television showcased several engaging programmes during the evening, notably “Nationwide” and “Graphline,” along with “The South Tonight,” which highlighted the influential role of media. “Nationwide” tackled the contentious issue of sex education in schools, prominently featuring Miss Patricia Bartlett, who had recently spoken in Hamilton. While she was a focal point of the discussion, the studio dialogue between Bartlett and Mr Jim Ross from the Department of Education captured attention primarily due to David Beatson's adept interviewing skills. Beatson confidently navigated the conversation, although some felt he may have overstepped by being too assertive in directing the dialogue. It was suggested that he might have benefited from allowing the discussion to unfold more freely, especially after being challenged on his sources, possibly reflecting his extensive preparation. In contrast, Maurice Smyth on “Graphline” employed a gentler interviewing style with Professor George Hines, inviting him to share insights into the New Zealand management landscape. This led to a multitude of intriguing observations, particularly regarding the dynamics of how employees engage with their managers. However, there was a missed opportunity to include a managerial voice for deeper introspection on the subject. On “The South Tonight,” Bryan Allpress took advantage of the programme's sizeable audience to encourage power conservation, resulting in notable coverage during the late news. Nonetheless, the report on his initiative lacked complete accuracy, raising questions about whether the lower levels of power consumption persisted following the broadcast. Power usage was a recurring theme across television broadcasts at the time, and lan Fraser’s comments on electric blankets revealed a surprising lack of understanding of the current concerns surrounding power consumption. “Pop Co,” under Peter Muxlow's guidance, has evolved into a more polished programme despite the absence of a traditional compere. Its imaginative settings and refined presentation have significantly enhanced its appeal. Brief guest appearances by Dick Bentley and John Banner enlivened the segments of “Love! Thy Neighbour” and “Alias! Smith and Jones,” although the remaining content felt rather predictable. Richard Davis continued to step into Pete Duel's role in the western series while Jack Smethurst's portrayal retained elements of racial stereotypes, now incorporating references to Pakistanis and West Indians. Despite the mixed reviews for some individual shows, the standout programme of the evening was “Mad Movies,” which deviated from its normal format, allowing Ben Lyon to present captivating clips from the classic era of slapstick comedy, thereby shining a light on the history of cinema.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740504_2_47_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740504.2.47.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,136814400
6867,09,05,1974,"Words Won T Be Whistled (Press, 9 May 1974)","The Women's Electoral Lobby (W.E.L.) has expressed strong opposition to Australia's newly adopted national anthem, ""Advance Australia Fair,"" arguing that its wording is exclusive and inappropriate for all Australians. A W.E.L. spokeswoman pointedly stated that the anthem, particularly its opening line ""Australia's sons let us rejoice,"" is only suitable for those who identify with male chauvinism. They questioned how young girls could relate to being called ""Australia's sons,"" branding it a reflection of the ""invisible woman"" syndrome. In response to W.E.L.'s criticisms, Newcastle plans to modify the line to ""Australians all,"" while New South Wales has chosen to retain ""God Save the Queen"" for formal occasions, stating their intent to stick with the traditional anthem. Despite protests from various groups, the Australian Government has maintained that it will not change the lyrics of ""Advance Australia Fair,"" insisting that the melody is the principal focus and that the words are available for those who want to use them. Critics highlight that the lyrics do not resonate with a significant portion of the population, including migrants, the elderly, the poor, and the imprisoned, suggesting that only a narrow demographic may feel represented. The anthem's references to British heritage and figures like Captain Cook have further alienated some Australians, with a taxi driver noting its preference for British identity over local sentiment. Shifting away from the anthem, the article also discusses a cultural trend in Australia, highlighting a resurgence of nostalgia in the arts. Upcoming productions include a lavish revival of the 1920s musical ""Irene,"" which features Julie Anthony in the lead role, and the humorous play ""The Front Page"" from the same era. The Sydney Film Festival will celebrate classic films, reminiscent of the 1930s, including a range of beloved movies and a nostalgic theatrical experience with old-time glamour. The article suggests that Australians are currently drawn to nostalgic entertainment rather than the national anthem, which for many may not hold personal significance. This wave of nostalgia encompasses revived matinees showcasing beloved classics and a focus on cultural memory, indicating a broader shift in public sentiment away from the newly adopted national symbols towards celebrating older, cherished artistic expressions. Overall, the piece captures both the controversy surrounding the national anthem and the ongoing trend of nostalgic revival in Australian culture.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740509_2_46_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740509.2.46.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,137246400
4552,13,05,1974,"Differing Views Expressed On Abortion Law Reform (Press, 13 May 1974)","On 12 May 1974, the Abortion Law Reform Association in New Zealand was tasked with preparing draft legislation on abortion for review by the Parliamentary Select Committee on Women’s Rights. During hearings in Auckland, Mr David Thomson expressed the need for the association to make specific recommendations regarding changes to the existing abortion laws. He noted that with the legal and medical expertise of the association, it was well-positioned to draft a new law that would allow the committee to compare the current legislation with the proposed framework. The association agreed to create a draft law which stipulated that women could terminate pregnancies within the first three months based on the decision of the woman and her doctor. For the following three months, the association proposed that abortion should be regulated to protect the woman's health, and it advocated that abortion should not occur after six months of pregnancy. Furthermore, the association called for public hospitals to end the practice of forming abortion committees and suggested that contraceptives be included on the Social Security medical list. In response, the Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child voiced concerns that any move to repeal current abortion laws would take away legal protections for unborn children. They sought an educational campaign about the risks associated with abortion and called for increased support for mothers and pregnant women through measures such as maternity care, social security benefits, tax concessions, childcare, housing assistance, and educational help for unmarried mothers. Dr H. P. Dunn, representing the Family Rights Association, argued that childbearing was fundamental to marriage and suggested that couples, unless facing serious medical, genetic, financial, or social issues, should not opt out of having children. The association called for greater financial recognition of women's roles as wives and mothers and proposed measures including increased family benefits, restoration of tax deductions for dependent children, and the deductibility of health and educational expenses. Additionally, the association opposed compulsory sex education in New Zealand and advocated for stringent enforcement of laws that restrict contraceptive advice to those under 16 years old. Dr Dunn strongly asserted that abortion should ideally never be performed and denied the notion that it constitutes a woman’s right. The submissions also included a demand for a pledge preventing the teaching of homosexual activities in schools.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740513_2_36_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740513.2.36.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,137592000
3992,13,05,1974,"Harsh Treatment Alleged (Press, 13 May 1974)","On 12 May 1974, significant concerns were raised regarding the treatment of homosexual women in New Zealand’s Auckland law courts. During a session before the Parliamentary Select Committee on Women’s Rights, members of the Gay Liberation Movement and the Gay Feminists Collective made joint submissions asserting that homosexual women faced harsher treatment compared to other female offenders. Sharon Alston, a representative of the movement, highlighted that authorities within the prison system would often deny visits from female friends to homosexual women inmates if there was any suspicion that the visitor was a romantic partner. The chairman of the committee, Mr Norman Douglas, expressed his serious concern over these allegations. He indicated that he would approach the Minister of Justice, Dr Finlay, to request an official report on the matter, signalling a potential inquiry into the treatment of LGBTQ+ individuals within the legal system. In addition to the serious discussions on the rights of homosexual women, the report also included announcements of several engagements in the community. Notable engagements included Elizabeth Jane Denham to Simon James Dorman, Moehau Norris to David John Lamont, Lorraine Lilian Chappell to George Herbert Shepherd, and Rhonda May Biair to Theodorus Hendrikus Van Der Stap. These engagements were met with joy by their respective families and were part of the community celebrations alongside the more pressing social issues being addressed in Parliament. This juxtaposition of legal advocacy for LGBTQ+ rights and personal life events illustrates the diverse social landscape of New Zealand in 1974, where calls for increased awareness and equality were gaining momentum amidst traditional societal norms.","Gay Feminists Collective; Gay Liberation Auckland",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740513_2_36_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740513.2.36.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,137592000
4553,13,05,1974,"Italians Vote On Divorce (Press, 13 May 1974)","On 12 May 1974, Italians prepared to vote in a controversial referendum concerning divorce, where a ""yes"" vote indicated opposition to divorce and a ""no"" vote signified support for it. The referendum had created a political rift, delaying government operations for nearly two months. The existing divorce law, enacted in December 1970, is regarded as one of the least liberal in the Western world. The law, which requires a minimum separation of five years for uncontested divorces and seven years if contested, faced a backlash from conservative Roman Catholics who gathered over 1.3 million signatures to force the referendum. Over 37 million voters were scheduled to participate, marking crosses on yellow ballot papers to express their views on whether to annul the dissolution of marriage law. Confusion about the term ""abrogation"" was notable, with about 30 per cent of respondents reportedly unfamiliar with it according to a recent opinion poll. The referendum also highlighted divisions among Italy's three ruling parties. The Christian Democrats, led by Amintore Fanfani, opposed the divorce law, while the Socialist and Social Democrat parties supported it. The Christian Democrats found an alliance with the small neo-Fascist Italian Social Movement Party and support from the Catholic Church hierarchy in their campaign against divorce. The referendum generated extensive propaganda, with campaigns featuring posters and banners throughout the country, culminating on the eve of the vote with an aggressive distribution of leaflets. Debates in the lead-up to the referendum revolved around emotionally charged concepts such as ""liberty,"" ""democracy,"" and ""family."" Political rhetoric intensified, with Fanfani suggesting in one instance that legalising divorce could pave the way for homosexual marriages and lesbian relationships. In contrast to church fears of a surge in divorces, data showed that only about 65,000 divorces had been granted since the law's implementation three years prior. As the vote approached, political analysts anticipated a narrow outcome, with many polls indicating a likely triumph for those in favour of divorce, despite doubts surrounding the reliability of these predictions, particularly in less developed, rural southern Italy. The results of the referendum would be announced the following evening at the Ministry of the Interior.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740513_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740513.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,137592000
4554,15,05,1974,"Italian Vote Hits Vatican (Press, 15 May 1974)","On 14 May 1974, hundreds of thousands of Italians celebrated in major cities following a decisive referendum in which 59.1 per cent of voters rejected proposals to abolish the country's existing divorce laws. This outcome not only marked a significant triumph for supporters of divorce but also highlighted a considerable defeat for the Christian Democrats, Italy's ruling political party, and the Roman Catholic Church, both of which had advocated for the repeal of the laws. The pro-divorce stance was buoyed by buoyant support from the Italian Communist Party, which actively campaigned against the abolition efforts. The aftermath of the referendum saw jubilant and often boisterous demonstrations across Italy, with revelers proclaiming slogans such as ""Communism shall conquer"" and directing chants toward the Secretary of the Christian Democratic Party, Mr Amintor Fanfani. The protests took on a celebratory tone, with some participants burning millions of pamphlets that had urged a ""Yes"" vote for repeal. However, the festivities turned violent in certain areas. In Naples, clashes erupted between Leftist and Rightist youths, resulting in injuries and police intervention, including the use of tear gas. In Milan, Leftist individuals attacked and ignited fires at Right-wing labour union offices, while in Bergamo, where anti-divorce sentiments prevailed, protestors vandalised a building belonging to a Catholic newspaper. The Christian Democrats, supported by the Catholic Church, had argued against retaining the divorce laws on various grounds. They claimed that allowing divorce would lead to Communist influence, disrupt family unity, and potentially open the door to legalisation of abortion and same-sex marriages. Despite their extensive campaigning, the vote reflected a broader societal shift that even reached regions known for their conservative views on divorce, where a few areas chose to uphold the laws. The check on Fanfani's power marks a pivotal moment for the Christian Democrat party, with speculation brewing about his leadership position following this defeat. Yet, the party faces uncertainty over potential successors capable of stepping into his role.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740515_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740515.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,137764800
7914,29,05,1974,"‘sunday News’ Editor Defends Photograph (Press, 29 May 1974)","On 28 May 1974, Mr P. M. Browne, S.M., stated he would reserve his decision on two charges against News Media (Auckland), Ltd, which had pleaded not guilty under the Indecent Publications Act. The charges stemmed from a 7 January 1973 incident in which the company allegedly published an indecent photograph and document in the ""Sunday News."" Legal submissions are to be presented by 11 June, with a ruling expected by 25 June. The prosecution, represented by Mr A. D. Banbrook, highlighted complaints sparked by the front-page photograph of a naked girl alongside two male companions. The sole complainant was Patricia Bartlett, who is affiliated with a society advocating for community standards. Alan Graham Hitchens, editor of the ""Sunday Times,"" revealed that law enforcement received about 50 nearly identical complaints, suggesting they originated from Bartlett's society. Mr Hitchens explained that the ""Sunday News"" had reported on the Ngaruawahia music festival on 6 January 1973, where nudity was prevalent. Due to time constraints, the photographer could not return to Auckland to select an alternative photo. After reviewing the images, it was communicated that a photograph showing nudity, lacking pubic hairs, might be published. Hitchens believed they were able to make the photo acceptable by obscuring any explicit features. The newspaper editor noted that only one complaint was received despite the large readership of around half a million that weekend. Hitchens insisted that the “Sunday News” had a general appeal, supported, especially by its children’s pages, and claimed he had never encountered complaints about negative effects on children. Mrs Marcia Russell, editor of ""Thursday"" magazine, testified as a subpoenaed witness and described a notable shift in public opinion on moral values over the past six years. She acknowledged that there was widespread nudity at the music festival and described the atmosphere as joyful and relaxed, with attendees comprising families and children who were enjoying the event. Francis Rex Hamlin, a former minister within the Presbyterian Church, expressed that he held no objection if the children in his education programmes had seen the photograph, which he viewed as a valid news illustration. He noted a shift towards greater acceptance of nudity and other evolving standards in society, which he welcomed as a means to eliminate societal anxieties and enhance understanding. The case highlights the ongoing discussions and tensions surrounding issues of indecency in publications and the evolving attitudes towards representation of nudity in media within New Zealand society during the early 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740529_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740529.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,138974400
6578,11,06,1974,"Violence Plan By Feminists (Press, 11 June 1974)","On 11 June 1974, leaders of the Feminist Action Front (F.A.F.), a radical women's organisation in Sydney, announced their intention to instil fear in men as a means to combat violence against women, particularly the fear of rape. In a televised interview, a spokesperson for the group asserted their determination to ""terrorise men as they have terrorised women for centuries."" The F.A.F. members indicated that their tactics may include kidnapping and assault, aiming to take revenge on rapists and create a safer environment for women. During the interview, conducted with their identities concealed, the leaders detailed extreme measures they would take against men accused of rape. One woman expressed that their actions could involve publicly humiliating rapists by stripping them, chaining them to a fence, and leaving them exposed. This was framed as a direct response to the trauma experienced by victims of sexual violence. The group has claimed a membership of approximately 25 to 30 women, all in their mid-twenties. In a troubling admission, one of the leaders recounted a recent incident where they, alongside three other members, had attacked a man they believed to be a rapist in a Sydney suburb. Despite these aggressive declarations, the members distanced themselves from any associations with lesbian groups or any systemic hatred of men. Instead, they portrayed their actions as a radical form of activism aimed at addressing and responding to the pervasive issue of sexual violence against women.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740611_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740611.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,140097600
4555,22,06,1974,"Nothing To Cure’ In Homosexuality (Press, 22 June 1974)","On 22 June 1974, Ms Sue Wills, co-president of the Campaign Against Moral Persecution in Australia, spoke out about the challenges faced by female homosexuals during her visit to Christchurch for Gay Pride Week. Throughout the week, she plans to engage with university students and LGBTQ+ groups in Wellington, Auckland, and Christchurch. Ms Wills highlighted the prevalent social pressures that prevent lesbians from expressing their identities openly, noting that casual conversations, such as those during office tea breaks, can be particularly uncomfortable for women in same-sex relationships. She explained that while heterosexual colleagues discuss their weekends with boyfriends, many lesbians feel compelled to hide their realities. As a psychologist and a Ph.D. student at Sydney University, Ms Wills acknowledged the substantial literature on lesbianism but pointed out the lack of authoritative sources, with much of it containing contradictory views. She recommended three influential books from the United States: ""Lesbian Women,"" ""Lesbian Nation,"" and ""Sappho was a Right-On Woman,"" two of which were authored by women. In her discussion, Wills stressed the evolving definitions of lesbian identity. Traditionally, it referred to women who have emotional and sexual relationships with other women, but the term now encompasses diverse identities, including political lesbians who reject sexual relationships with men and don't engage with women either. Ms Wills challenged stereotypes about lesbians, asserting that the common image of a ""bulldog type"" is inaccurate. She noted that the women's liberation movement has played a significant role in dismantling these outdated stereotypes and that many feminist groups are beginning to recognise the contributions of lesbians to the movement, despite some instances of exploitation. The dialogue around lesbianism is expanding, particularly with growing media coverage of lesbian mothers—women pressured by societal norms to marry and bear children who are now beginning to embrace their identities publicly. While Ms Wills could not provide specific figures on the lesbian community in New Zealand compared to Australia, she indicated that both movements are witnessing growth. Addressing the topic of sex education, she expressed her belief that discussions surrounding sexuality should include information about homosexuality. She argued that children are likely to hear about these topics through peer interaction, making it essential for schools to provide an informative and inclusive curriculum. Ms Wills emphasised that homosexuals are generally well-adjusted members of society and should not be viewed through the lens of illness or mental instability. She urged for a shift in parental understanding, as many parents remain unaware of their children's sexual orientation. She concluded with the assertion that homosexuality is not a consequence of parental influence, but rather a natural variance in human identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740622_2_42_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740622.2.42.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,141048000
7011,28,06,1974,"“Robbery For Sex Change” (Press, 28 June 1974)","On 27 June 1974, it was reported that three youths were involved in an armed robbery at the Epuni post office in Lower Hutt to fund a sex-change operation for a friend. This incident took place in May and the amount sought for the operation was between NZD 4,000 and NZD 5,000. Danny Frederick Lee John Woolrich, a 19-year-old entertainer known as Debbie Lombard, made a statement to the police indicating that the robbery was aimed at raising money for his gender reassignment surgery. Woolrich, along with three other defendants—22-year-old truck driver Allan Donaghue, 20-year-old driver Trevor Robert Raree, and 19-year-old unemployed workman James David Aami—faced charges relating to the robbery. During the two-day hearing at the Lower Hutt Magistrate’s Court, Woolrich appeared dressed as a woman throughout. All four individuals pleaded not guilty to the charges. The specific charges against Donaghue, Raree, and Aami included robbing post office teller Theresa Mead of NZD 991.81 while armed with an offensive weapon. They were also charged for being armed with the same weapon during a separate incident on the same day in Eastbourne, attempting to rob an officer of the Commercial Bank of Australia, and conspiring to commit an aggravated robbery of an officer at the Eastbourne post office. Following the depositions, the case was referred to the Wellington Supreme Court for trial.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740628_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740628.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,141566400
3993,29,06,1974,"'Gay Liberation Used As Pawn’ (Press, 29 June 1974)","On 28 June 1974, the Gay Liberation movement expressed strong dissatisfaction with a decision made by the New Zealand Government caucus, which blocked any private member's bill that aimed to liberalise laws regarding homosexuality from being introduced to Parliament. R. Dellaca, a representative of the movement, voiced concerns that both the National and Labour parties had exploited the issue of homosexual law reform for their own political gain, while failing to take meaningful action. Despite having party conference remits in the 1970s that supported reform, neither party had made significant strides towards enacting changes. The Labour Party had previously promised that it would pursue social reform if elected to government. However, Dellaca highlighted frustration over what she described as 19 months of inaction, culminating in the Government's decision to prevent its members from introducing any private bills related to the matter. According to the Gay Liberation movement, the Government appeared to prioritise the risk of losing crucial marginal seats over the pursuit of social justice for the LGBTQ+ community. This protest reflects the ongoing struggle for homosexual rights and the political barriers faced in New Zealand during this period.","gay liberation movement; Rae Dellaca",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740629_2_164.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740629.2.164,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,141652800
4556,29,06,1974,"Dr Edwards Leaves Labour Party (Press, 29 June 1974)","Dr Brian Edwards has announced his resignation from the Labour Party, citing significant disillusionment with its social policies. In a statement made on 28 June 1974, he expressed his desire to sever all connections with the party, a move also mirrored by his wife, Susan, a former secretary for the party's Miramar branch. Dr Edwards specifically condemned the party's lack of courage over the issue of homosexuality and criticised Prime Minister Mr Kirk's response to recent developments involving the Wellington Tenants’ Protection Association. Having served as the Labour candidate for Miramar in the last General Election, Dr Edwards described his departure as hastened by what he perceives as the party's betrayal of its principles since it came to power 19 months earlier. He characterised the Labour government’s record as one of broken promises and a commitment to repressive and reactionary social policies, which he equated to a form of ""unprincipled pragmatism"" that is contrary to the expectations of thousands of New Zealanders who look to Labour for progressive change. Edwards, who also hosts a talk-back radio programme, noted that widespread public sentiment aligns with his own feelings of disappointment and disenchantment with the party’s direction. He asserted that Labour’s approach to issues such as drug offenders, criminals, and homosexuals reflects a troubling inertia reminiscent of previous administrations, lacking both sense and humanity. He voiced concerns over the future of the party, stating that the so-called “young radical Left” has either succumbed to or become overly respectful of the party leadership, leaving little hope for progressive reform. Dr Edwards' resignation underscores a broader discontent with the Labour Party's current trajectory and its failure to adhere to the progressive social reforms that many had anticipated when they came into power.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740629_2_157.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740629.2.157,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,141652800
3994,01,07,1974,"“Gay Lib.” March (Press, 1 July 1974)","On 1 July 1974, Christchurch experienced significant disruption as around 200 supporters of ""Gay Liberation"" marched through the city's inner streets, bringing traffic to a halt for approximately half an hour. This march was part of a series of events held during “Gay Liberation Week,” which ran from 23 June to 2 July. Marchers carried placards with various slogans and were heard chanting messages such as “ABCD, homosexuals should be free” and “Two-four-six-eight, Gay is just as good as straight.” The demonstration, featuring the presence of nine police officers for oversight, surprised many members of the public. Reactions varied widely; while some individuals laughed or expressed curiosity about the protestors, one man attempted to voice his opposition during the gathering at Cathedral Square but was gently restrained by police. As the march unfolded, pamphlets were distributed among the crowd, outlining the marchers' motives. The literature asserted that the participants were “fighting back” against being considered New Zealand's most neglected and vilified minority. The pamphlet clarified their stance, stating, “We are neither begging nor pleading, but demanding from a position of pride and strength.” Despite the anticipated turnout, only about 250 people assembled in Cathedral Square to support the marchers. One participant was left wishing for a larger crowd to join them in their demonstration. After approximately five minutes of chanting, the marchers concluded their protest and headed to a dance event they had organised, marking a vibrant yet challenging moment in the movement for gay rights in New Zealand.","Gay Liberation Christchurch",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740701_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740701.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,141825600
4557,01,07,1974,"Petition “would Sample Opinion” (Press, 1 July 1974)","On 1 July 1974, New Zealand's Prime Minister, Mr Kirk, addressed the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society regarding the potential for reforming homosexuality laws. In his letter to the society's secretary, Mr J. W. Goodwin, he indicated that there was significant divergence of opinion within the Labour Party on the issue, resulting in no formal vote. Mr Kirk clarified that Labour Party members were not prohibited from introducing private member's bills, but they hesitated to do so due to concerns about the possible negative impact on party unity. He acknowledged the strong support within the party for the examination of the laws surrounding homosexuality, while indicating a preference for any initiative to originate from outside the Parliament. Mr Kirk proposed the idea of a petition to Parliament, similar to one that had been presented in the past, suggesting that this could serve as a means to gauge public opinion on the matter. This proposal aimed to provide a clearer understanding of public sentiment and facilitate further discussions regarding the legal reform of homosexuality in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740701_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740701.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,141825600
4558,04,07,1974,"Homosexual Law View (Press, 4 July 1974)","On 4 July 1974, Mr J. Crichton, president of the New Zealand University Student's Association, expressed significant disillusionment regarding the government's inaction on homosexual law reform. His criticism was particularly directed at comments made by Prime Minister Mr Kirk, who indicated that pursuing such reform could be detrimental to the Labour Party's interests. Crichton argued that New Zealanders have a right to expect their government to prioritise the community's well-being over party interests. He highlighted the government's failure to address pressing social issues, which he saw as exemplified by the lack of progress on homosexual law reform. Crichton pointed out that the government's suggestion for the public to initiate another petition to Parliament regarding the issue was merely a way to ""pass the buck."" He noted that the Labour Party had long-standing policy commitments to reform laws concerning consensual homosexual behaviour between adult males, yet the party seemed unwilling to follow through on its promises, exhibiting a lack of determination to advance this cause.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740704_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740704.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142084800
4559,06,07,1974,"‘No Party Pressure’ Over Votes Of Conscience (Press, 6 July 1974)","On 6 July 1974, Deputy Leader of the Opposition, Mr Robert Muldoon, addressed the Rakaia electorate, commenting on the National Party's stance regarding private members' bills on matters of conscience, specifically referencing homosexual law reform. He asserted that the National Party would not prevent any member from introducing such a bill, emphasising that political considerations would not override the rights of private members. Muldoon noted the existing public sentiment on the issue, indicating that older demographics showed significant opposition to changes in the law concerning male homosexuality, while younger people were more supportive of reform. He highlighted the disappointment among the youth following Prime Minister Norman Kirk's statement that he would deny one of his Labour Party members the opportunity to present a private bill on the issue due to internal party divisions. Muldoon questioned the logic behind Kirk's reasoning, arguing that the party's divisions existed regardless of external discussion about a private member's bill. Furthermore, Muldoon claimed that the Labour Party was hesitant to bring the matter to Parliament out of fear of losing crucial votes, reflecting their vulnerable political position at the time. He reiterated that although private members' bills are typically discussed within party caucuses, issues of conscience would allow individual members to make their own decisions, and the National Party would facilitate the right for such a bill to be introduced without political interference. Muldoon’s comments indicated a significant focus on the generational divide regarding attitudes towards homosexuality, as well as a critique of the Labour Party’s handling of sensitive issues amidst political pressure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740706_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740706.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142257600
4560,08,07,1974,"Nixon Confrontation (Press, 8 July 1974)","On 7 July 1974, a significant legal confrontation occurred at the United States Supreme Court, centred around the Watergate scandal and President Richard Nixon's administration. The case involved arguments from Watergate Prosecutor Leon Jaworski and Nixon's chief counsel James St Clair, focusing on whether Nixon must release 64 White House tape recordings. The Supreme Court's decision would also address the authority of a grand jury that named Nixon as an ""unindicted coconspirator"" during cover-up efforts related to the scandal. Nixon had refused to surrender the tapes, citing Executive privilege as his defense. The special prosecutor urged the Supreme Court to enforce the subpoenas for the recordings, highlighting the importance of the tapes as evidence in trials involving several defendants, including former aides of Nixon. The court's ruling could have significant implications for the power dynamics between the presidency and other government branches. A ruling against Nixon could lead to immediate impeachment proceedings by the House Judiciary Committee, while a ruling in his favour could provide him with a psychological advantage in the ongoing political crisis. Justice William Rehnquist recused himself from the case due to his previous role as an assistant Attorney-General in Nixon's administration, which left the court with eight justices. This absence raised the possibility of a 4-4 split on the case, which, while not setting a precedent, would uphold a lower court's ruling requiring Nixon to produce the tapes. Meanwhile, the trial of former Nixon aide John Ehrlichman and three others related to the burglary of Dr Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist's office faced complications as the presiding Judge Gerhard Gesell prepared for possible testimonials from key figures, including Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. In an unrelated event, police in Pensacola, Florida, arrested 19 attendees at a homosexual conference, charging them with lewd and lascivious behaviour, following an influx of delegates for the event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740708_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740708.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142430400
4561,09,07,1974,"Homosexual Bill... ‘would Not Pass 1st Vote’ (Press, 9 July 1974)","On 8 July 1974, New Zealand Prime Minister Mr. Kirk expressed his belief that any proposed bill for homosexual law reform would not pass its initial vote in Parliament. He noted that while the Labour caucus had not prevented its Members of Parliament (M.P.s) from introducing a private member's bill on the topic, there were significant divisions within the Labour party, making it unlikely that any M.P. would propose such a bill. He indicated that if an Opposition member were to introduce a similar bill, Labour M.P.s would be allowed a free vote, but he doubted that the motion for its first reading would garner enough support. Mr. Kirk suggested that a petition to Parliament could serve as a more effective means of exploring the issue. When asked about his potential vote if a bill were presented, he conveyed a cautious stance, indicating that he would need to examine the specific wording of any proposed bill or motion before taking a position. Importantly, he stated that he would not support a bill that normalised homosexuality. The Prime Minister conveyed that the Labour caucus had engaged in a prolonged and intense discussion regarding homosexual law reform, revealing the topic's deeply divisive nature among its members. No consensus had been reached, and the general mood suggested that the timing was not right for introducing such a bill due to ongoing divisions. Additionally, Mr. Kirk pointed out the government's concerns regarding different groups within the homosexual community. He made a distinction between those he considered to be a social problem and another group perceived as having anti-social behaviours, which he felt complicated the discussion surrounding homosexual law reform. The government seemed to categorise these groups into those with medical issues and the advocates for reform. In a separate note, it was reported that President Tito of Jugoslavia had departed from Belgrade for a four-day official visit to Rumania, having been invited by President Ceusescu.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740709_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740709.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142516800
4563,10,07,1974,"'Gutsful Of Prejudice’ (Press, 10 July 1974)","On 9 July 1974, J. W. Goodwin, the secretary of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, responded sharply to New Zealand Prime Minister Norman Kirk's statement opposing the reform of laws concerning homosexuality. Kirk had indicated that he would not support legislation that recognised homosexuality as “normal behaviour.” Goodwin expressed frustration at what he termed the Prime Minister’s outdated views, questioning how much longer New Zealand would remain behind countries like England, which had reformed its laws concerning homosexuality seven years prior. He urged Kirk to acknowledge that many had grown weary of his personal biases. Goodwin pointed out that the National Party was providing a free vote on the issue, suggesting that Kirk should also allow a similar freedom to his party members. He defended homosexuality as statistically as normal as being left-handed and argued that it was a natural state for those who identify as homosexual. Further, he cited authoritative bodies such as the British Medical Association and the American Psychiatric Association, both of which had long rejected the classification of homosexuality as a disease. Goodwin argued that it was irrelevant whether homosexuality was deemed “normal” or “natural,” stating that the legal system’s concern should not be about the classification of homosexual behaviour. He raised concerns that Kirk's claims of allowing for the introduction of private members' bills did not hold true, citing instances where Labour MPs felt discouraged from bringing such a bill forward. He pointedly noted that Kirk's comments were made in the absence of Attorney-General Dr. Finlay, who was known to support reform, implying that Kirk's stance might not reflect the view of the entire government. Kirk had suggested a petition to Parliament as a way to address the issue, but Goodwin dismissed this as a strategy to delay progress on a matter that had significant backing from various churches and welfare organisations. He characterised the Prime Minister’s suggestions as tactics to evade responsibility, especially after deviating from an agreement regarding a private bill process. Goodwin’s remarks highlighted the societal shift towards acceptance and the demand for legal reform regarding homosexual rights in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740710_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740710.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142603200
4562,10,07,1974,"Homosexual Law Bill Likely (Press, 10 July 1974)","On 9 July 1974, Mr V. S. Young, a National Party member representing Egmont, indicated that a bill regarding changes to homosexual law could be introduced in the New Zealand Parliament later in the year. He expressed strong confidence that the issue of homosexual law reform would be debated and suggested that he might be the one to bring the bill forward. This development follows discussions between Mr Young and several other National Party members with representatives from the Homosexual Law Reform Society. Mr Young acknowledged that although he had previously abstained from voting on this issue during a National Party conference in Wellington, he had since reconsidered his position. He articulated that both equity in law and humanitarian reasons justified changes to the law surrounding homosexual acts. However, he emphasised that any legal reforms must not lead to an increase in the molestation of young boys. He pledged to introduce a private member's bill only if he was assured that such an outcome would not occur. Further, Mr Young sought assurance from Prime Minister Mr Kirk that he would not impede the proper examination of the proposed bill. He highlighted the fundamental objective of the legislation as removing the legal stigma and fear of prosecution that many male homosexuals experience, noting that these individuals often suffer from societal disadvantage linked to their inherited traits or upbringing. According to Mr Young, the current criminal laws hinder homosexuals from seeking necessary medical assistance. While he mentioned that a change in legislation would not necessarily make homosexual activities more socially acceptable, Mr Young argued that it would align New Zealand's laws with those of most other Western nations. This potential reform reflects an evolving discussion around homosexual rights and societal attitudes in New Zealand during the 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740710_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740710.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142603200
3995,10,07,1974,"Homosexuality And Politics (Press, 10 July 1974)","Since 1967, consensual homosexual acts in private have been legal in the United Kingdom, which has not seen any significant rise in reported cases of homosexuality over the past seven years. This situation is attributed to the challenges in noting the incidence of these acts before they were decriminalised. With the legalisation, there has been a notable decrease in the harassment and blackmail of homosexual individuals, while lesbianism has remained legal in England. The move towards legal acceptance of homosexual behaviour has been viewed as a step towards achieving gender equality. Experts both in New Zealand and internationally are advocating for the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults. There is substantial medical, psychological, social, and legal support favouring the liberalisation of laws governing homosexual activity. New Zealand, historically recognised for its progressive social legislation, currently falls behind in terms of reform in this area. Prime Minister Mr Kirk acknowledged that a significant barrier to introducing a private member’s bill for law reform is the ""deep division"" within the Labour Party. The sentiment among homosexuals and reform advocates is one of frustration, as they had hoped for legislative progress following a narrow endorsement of reform by the Labour Party conference in 1971. Moreover, the National Party cannot expect support from the Gay Liberation Front after failing to introduce or commit to similar legislation following their endorsement at a conference three years prior to the 1973 General Election, which they lost. For both political parties to demonstrate genuine commitment to reform, they must find strategies to address the concerns of those within their ranks who oppose such changes. A petition to Parliament could provide a platform for shared accountability among parties on this issue. Statements citing ""deep division"" and suggesting that the current climate is not suitable for introducing reform are seen as evasive. It is asserted that governments have the responsibility to lead public opinion rather than simply follow it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740710_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740710.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142603200
3996,11,07,1974,"Viewers’ Views (Press, 11 July 1974)","A letter to the editor published on 11 July 1974 addresses criticism directed at Ms Sue Wills and the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, from a writer identified as ""A.R."" This individual disparages the group, referring to them as ""poor unnatural people."" The response, penned by P.R.H. Maling, the Liaison Officer for the Gay Liberation Front, challenges the assertion that homosexuality is unnatural. Maling argues that homosexuality exists in various animal species and has been a part of human societies throughout history, asserting that it is neither a sin nor a sickness. Maling criticises the social and legal discrimination faced by homosexuals, noting that such discrimination contributes to their marginalisation and economic challenges. The letter highlights a perceived lack of understanding in New Zealand about the nature of homosexuality, suggesting that the country lags behind more progressive societies. Maling contends that if ""A.R."" were more informed about biblical references, he would recognise that the destruction of Sodom was not about homosexuality, but rather about the violation of hospitality, as illustrated in the Book of Genesis. Moreover, Maling criticises ""A.R.'s"" sense of moral superiority, arguing that it is fundamentally immoral to seek punitive measures against others simply for expressing love. The Gay Liberation Front, Maling states, is weary of societal attempts to impose moral judgments and seeks to counter what they view as harmful and misleading propaganda. The letter also includes a commentary on local New Zealand television productions. The writer, known as “Appreciative,” praises a programme called ""Sing"" as an example of quality production made in New Zealand. In contrast, the programme ""Free Ride"" is described as having an exaggerated style inconsistent with New Zealand culture. There is particular criticism of young singers adopting American accents, which are seen as lacking authenticity and originality. The writer urges New Zealand performers to embrace their unique accents and cultural expressions, promoting the idea that their national identity should be celebrated on international stages. Overall, the correspondence encapsulates a discourse on issues of sexual orientation, societal values, and cultural identity in New Zealand during the 1970s, reflecting broader global conversations on these matters.","Gay Liberation Christchurch",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740711_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740711.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142689600
4564,12,07,1974,"Homosexuals And Politics (Press, 12 July 1974)","In a letter published in ""The Press"" on 12 July 1974, the writer expresses their views on homosexuality and the recent discussions surrounding homosexual law. They assert that only a small percentage of homosexuals, specifically three per cent, are involved in the Gay Liberation movement, which they believe is often mischaracterised in public discourse. The letter references the historical context in England, noting that when homosexual law was changed there, the concept of Gay Liberation was not widely recognised or heard of. The writer emphasises their desire to live peacefully, stating that while they might not fit the societal norms, they do not consider themselves sick. They acknowledge the legal challenges faced by homosexuals, remarking that they live ""against the law,"" and advocate for a legal age of consent of 21 years. Additionally, they address misconceptions about homosexuals, particularly in relation to more serious societal issues like rape and child abuse, arguing that they are not the ""perverts"" they are often portrayed as in public narratives. The writer suggests that if the Prime Minister, Mr Kirk, were to engage in discussions with ordinary homosexual individuals, he might gain a better understanding of their situation and the rationality behind their lives. The letter calls for a more empathetic dialogue regarding homosexuality and legal reform in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740712_2_133_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740712.2.133.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142776000
4565,12,07,1974,"National Policy No Bar To Private Bill (Press, 12 July 1974)","On 11 July 1974, in a significant development regarding the discussions around homosexual law reform in New Zealand, Opposition leader Mr Muldoon announced that no restrictions would be placed on any National Party member wishing to introduce a private member's bill on the subject. He emphasised that the decision to bring forward such a bill would rest solely with Mr V. S. Young, the National Party representative for Egmont, who had indicated a strong likelihood of initiating a debate on the reform in Parliament later in the year. Mr Muldoon noted that this position was unanimously supported by the National Party caucus, marking a clear stance that encourages individual members to take action on issues of personal conscience, such as homosexual law reform. Mr Young expressed optimism about the potential for a bill to be presented, signalling a willingness among some politicians to challenge existing laws related to homosexuality. Conversely, the Prime Minister, Mr Kirk, representing the Labour Party, indicated a more cautious approach. While stating that Labour members had not been explicitly prohibited from proposing similar legislation, he expressed doubt regarding the viability of such a move given the current public sentiment. This reflects an awareness of the potentially contentious nature of homosexual law reform within society at that time. Overall, the discussion points towards a broader willingness for both major parties to allow a free vote on the issue, suggesting that the topic of homosexual law reform is gaining traction and may be positioned for serious consideration in the legislative assembly later in the year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740712_2_170.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740712.2.170,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142776000
4566,12,07,1974,"Support For Change In Homosexual Law (Press, 12 July 1974)","On 12 July 1974, the Association of Social Workers in New Zealand expressed its support for changes to the laws governing homosexuality. President Miss E. Brodie lamented comments made by Prime Minister Mr Kirk, who indicated that a homosexual law reform bill would unlikely receive a second reading in Parliament. Brodie highlighted the significance of the issue, stating that it directly impacts the personal lives of many New Zealanders and that potential divisions within the Parliamentary Labour Party were inconsequential compared to the rights of individuals. She clarified that support for legislative reform should not be interpreted as a judgement on the nature of homosexual behaviour, but instead as a recognition that in a humane society, homosexuals should not face legal penalties. Additionally, the Council for Civil Liberties also advocated for reform, urging the government to permit a free vote on the issue. Chairwoman Miss S. Smith emphasised that the current law was an unjust limitation on the freedoms of adult males. She noted that the proposed private member's bill aimed at reform had seemingly come to a standstill following Mr Kirk's remarks, and expressed disappointment over this interruption. Smith insisted that a free vote would represent a fair and appropriate mechanism to facilitate changes in laws that pertain to individual conscience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740712_2_196.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740712.2.196,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142776000
4567,13,07,1974,"Homosexuals And Politics (Press, 13 July 1974)","In a letter to the editor published on 13 July 1974, a writer identified as W.M.P. expresses strong opposition to the movement for homosexual law reform in New Zealand. The author argues that the vocal minority advocating for reform does not reflect the views of the majority of New Zealanders, who, according to W.M.P., are content with the current laws governing homosexuality. The writer believes that most people in the country prefer to remain silent on what they consider a distasteful subject. W.M.P. suggests that New Zealand should continue to ""lag noticeably in the field of homosexual law reform"" to avoid aligning itself with countries like Denmark and Sweden, which have more progressive attitudes towards homosexuality. The letter also emphasizes that many New Zealanders still adhere to the strong condemnation of homosexuality prevailing in both the Old and New Testaments of the Bible. W.M.P. argues that there is no ultimate benefit for those who identify as homosexuals in making the laws more permissive, indicating a belief that reform would not yield positive outcomes for individuals affected by these laws. The overall tone of the letter reflects a conservative viewpoint on the issue of homosexuality and a resistant stance towards changing New Zealand's legal framework in this regard.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740713_2_93_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740713.2.93.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142862400
4568,13,07,1974,"Manslaughter Sentences (Press, 13 July 1974)","On 12 July 1974, three men were sentenced to significant prison terms for their involvement in the manslaughter of author James Pope-Hennessey, who died following an assault during a robbery attempt at his London home. John O’Brien, a 24-year-old train guard viewed by the judge as the leader of the criminal group, received a 17-year sentence. It was noted that O’Brien had previously engaged in a homosexual relationship with Pope-Hennessey. Terence Michael Noonan, 26, who was unemployed and worked as a painter, along with 23-year-old Edward John Wilkinson, also unemployed, were each sentenced to 15 years in prison. All three men pleaded guilty to the charge of manslaughter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740713_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740713.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,142862400
4570,15,07,1974,"Homosexuals And Politics (Press, 15 July 1974)","On 15 July 1974, the debate surrounding homosexuality became prominent in a letter to the editor, sparked by previous comments from a writer identified as P. R. H. Maling. The responses highlight differing perspectives on the subject, referencing biblical texts as part of the argument against the acceptance of homosexual acts. One correspondent, B. A. Turner (Mrs), asserts that the Bible explicitly condemns homosexuality, citing passages from the Old Testament. She notes Leviticus 18, which states that a male should not lie with another male, deeming it an ""abomination."" Furthermore, she references Leviticus 20:13, which prescribes the death penalty for such actions. Turner also invokes the New Testament, where Paul addresses homosexuality in Romans 1:26-27 and mentions in 1 Corinthians 6:9 that such behaviour is among the sins from which Christians can seek salvation. Another writer, who identifies themselves as a ""Concerned Mother,"" expresses a staunch opposition to the potential legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males. She articulates a fear that legalising such behaviour would open a ""Pandora’s Box"" of moral decline and questions the notion of consent among individuals involved in homosexual relationships, suggesting that coercion and dominance often play a role. The writer draws parallels between human behaviour and animal behaviour, arguing that similar acts in the animal kingdom are framed as expressions of dominance rather than love. She also compares homosexuality to kleptomania, claiming that just as society does not permit stealing, it should also not condone homosexual acts. Both letters reflect a strong adherence to traditional views influenced by religious beliefs, emphasising the perceived immorality of homosexuality and advocating for the maintenance of laws against it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740715_2_96_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740715.2.96.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143035200
4569,15,07,1974,"Social Issues To Fore In National Remits (Press, 15 July 1974)","The National Party's thirty-eighth annual conference is set to take place in Auckland from July 26 to 29, 1974. Key issues encompassing various political and economic activities will be discussed, with fifteen remits brought before the full conference. The first debate will address the modern role of women, led by the Pol-Link group aiming to recruit young candidates for the upcoming General Election in 1975. The remit encourages the party to recognise and adapt policies to reflect the changing role of women, including pre-school education, maternity leave, and addressing discrimination against women in the workforce. Other significant remits include housing finance, censorship, rural issues, population control, the environment, abortion reform, voluntary unionism, law and order, urban development, superannuation, and energy resources. Key topics for discussion include the proposed Rolleston new town scheme, with a call for regional aspirations to be considered alongside central government proposals. This theme extends to a South Canterbury remit advocating for robust regional development systems that reflect local needs. Each conference day will highlight a subject of special interest. These range from stabilising New Zealand's population growth rates to revising abortion policy, with the aim of taking a referendum on potential changes. A notable remit from the Young Nationals seeks to legalise homosexual behaviour between consenting adults privately, while another calls for social security to cover prescribed sterilisation. Additionally, the conference will address educational responsibilities for intellectually handicapped children, ensuring free medical treatment until the age of 16, and the implementation of suggested aid recommendations from a 1972 Royal Commission on social security. Other proposals include requesting a more liberalised approach to financing rural housing, allowing agricultural workers to democratically determine their future, and advocating for the establishment of commercial rabbit farms. On environmental matters, there are calls for increased irrigation expenditure and government support for planting native and exotic plants for beautification. Further, the conference will discuss essential matters of law and order, demanding a platform for the 1975 election that outlines strategies to combat rising violent crime rates. A new superannuation scheme is proposed, focusing on immediate payouts, inflation protection, and voluntary membership. In terms of social welfare, there is an appeal for the next government to increase beneficiaries' allowable income. On censorship, one remit suggests that no films should be banned unless excessively focused on sex, violence, or cruelty lacking artistic merit. Lastly, housing support proposals advocate for substantial low-interest or suspensory loans to promote home ownership, reducing reliance on state rental options. The conference is expected to set the stage for the National Party's policy direction leading into the next general election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740715_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740715.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143035200
3997,16,07,1974,"Homosexuals And Politics (Press, 16 July 1974)","In a correspondence published on 16 July 1974, Paul Maling, the Liaison Officer for the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, responds to previous letters regarding societal attitudes towards homosexuality. Maling references a public opinion survey from the ""Sunday Times"" dated 15 April 1973, which indicated that a majority supported homosexual law reform. He criticises those, like a correspondent identified only as “W.M.P.”, who claim to represent a widespread condemnation of homosexuality based on biblical texts, arguing that the Levitical law was no longer applicable after Calvary. Maling highlights a perceived failure of the Prime Minister to take a decisive stand on the issue, suggesting that his hesitation has cost him support. He further criticises another letter writer, ""Law Reform Only,"" who suggests that homosexual males should be discriminated against concerning the age of consent, asserting that this viewpoint is rooted in outdated societal stereotypes. Maling asserts that the Gay Liberation Front vehemently opposes discrimination and advocates for full equality with heterosexual individuals. In a contrasting letter published the same day, another writer, identified as “UNNOTICED,” expresses admiration for ""Law Reform Only"". They characterise the Gay Liberation movement as primarily defined by exhibitionism, suggesting that it represents extreme behaviours that do not resonate with the majority of homosexuals. This writer claims that most homosexuals are ordinary citizens who lead productive lives and remain largely unnoticed by society, including the Prime Minister. They argue that the issue of adultery has more significant repercussions on society than the private lives of two consenting adult men. The exchange illustrates the tensions and differing perspectives within the discussion on homosexuality and law reform in New Zealand during the 1970s, with advocates calling for equality and opponents defending traditional viewpoints based on moral and religious grounds.","Gay Liberation Christchurch",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740716_2_95_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740716.2.95.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143121600
3998,17,07,1974,"Homosexuals And Politics (Press, 17 July 1974)","In July 1974, letters published in a local newspaper addressed various perspectives on the issue of homosexuality and its legal implications in New Zealand, highlighting broader societal concerns. A writer, identifying as ""PEACE AND LOVE,"" pointed out the alarming rate of broken marriages in Christchurch, suggesting that children raised in loveless environments often turn to harmful behaviours such as drinking, drug use, and promiscuity. This letter implied that the root problems in society were more complex than simply attributing them to homosexuality. Another letter from ""J.S."" engaged with the legal aspects of consent, raising concerns over how consent could be manipulated in cases of sexual relations, particularly highlighting the potential for coercion by those in positions of power. J.S. argued that if certain individuals were allowed to flagrantly disregard existing laws, a slippery slope could ensue where other laws could similarly be ignored, calling into question the moral foundation of any legal changes regarding sexual conduct. Further, a letter from ""P. R. H. MALING,"" representing the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, responded to comments made by a previous writer, ""Mrs B. A. Turner."" MALING disputed the application of biblical references to modern law, asserting that the condemnation of homosexuality and adultery in Leviticus should not be taken as a basis for current legal penalties. He stated that early Christians had a more nuanced understanding of sexuality and differentiated it from the standards imposed by later religious interpretations. The letters reflect a shifting dialogue around the legal status of homosexual acts in New Zealand, indicating a growing frustration with how personal morality was being legislated. The ongoing discussions were not just about homosexuality but also highlighted broader themes of societal values, the nature of consent, and the use of religious texts in contemporary discussions about law and morality. The editor of the publication noted that no further letters on this contentious subject would be accepted, signalling the sensitive and polarising nature of the debate at that time.","Gay Liberation Christchurch; Gay Liberation Front",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740717_2_79_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740717.2.79.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143208000
4571,17,07,1974,"Testing May Increase (Press, 17 July 1974)","On 17 July 1974, a report from Washington highlighted the Pentagon's confidence in its ability to test new nuclear weapons ahead of a deadline imposed by a recently signed treaty with the Soviet Union. The treaty, which prohibits all underground nuclear explosions exceeding 150 kilotons (equivalent to 150,000 tons of TNT), will take effect on 31 March 1976. The United States is reportedly planning to expedite its testing schedule in the remaining 20 months of unrestricted underground testing. The Atomic Energy Commission is said to have requested an additional $89 million to support enhanced nuclear testing activities. This confidence aligns with the Pentagon’s ongoing projects to develop significant new military capabilities, including a 400-kiloton multiple warhead for the Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). This new warhead would be approximately twice as powerful as the current versions being employed. Despite the advancements, some Pentagon officials expressed concern that the treaty might hinder the US's ability to match the capabilities of new Soviet multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRVs), which are reported to possess explosive yields between one million and two million tons of TNT. Nevertheless, experts emphasise that the treaty does not restrict necessary research to enhance the explosive yield from nuclear materials and improve missile accuracy. Such advancements could lead to lighter warheads that, while powerful, would allow for increased efficiency and potentially more accurate strikes using existing missile technology. Consequently, the US hopes to utilise innovations in nuclear weapons design to maintain strategic parity with the Soviet Union even within the constraints set by the treaty. In a related note, a Social Credit Party spokesperson in New Zealand indicated that after the 1975 elections, members of Parliament from the party would have a free vote regarding homosexual law reform. This decision underscores the belief that such vital societal issues should transcend the confines of political dogma and allow for individual parliamentary discretion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740717_2_157.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740717.2.157,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143208000
6579,20,07,1974,"Fresh And Stale Avocadoes (Press, 20 July 1974)","On 20 July 1974, a review highlighted the contrasting receptions of two novels by Elaine Dundy: ""The Dud Avocado"" and ""The Injured Party"". ""The Dud Avocado"", first released some time earlier, quickly became a best-seller, celebrated for its lively protagonist, Sally Jay Goree, who embodied a carefree yet sophisticated lifestyle in Paris. The novel was praised for its wit and cheekiness, depicting a character's quest for a glamorous and adventurous life. In contrast, Dundy’s latest work, ""The Injured Party"", was met with disappointment. While the promotional blurb suggested that her loyal readers had eagerly anticipated this novel, the review indicated that the freshness of Dundy's writing had faded. The story features a strong but troubled heroine, Rilla, who struggles with a tumultuous and toxic marriage to Arthur, characterised by violent and obscene arguments. Rilla’s life takes a dramatic turn when she unintentionally injures Arthur during one of their fights, leading to her facing murder charges and eventually serving time for manslaughter. During her imprisonment, Rilla engages in a complex relationship with a fellow inmate named Kelly and develops a romance with the prison warden. However, these relationships are tinged with a sense of despair, reflecting a bleak perspective on love and human connection. The reviewer noted that if Dundy's novels mirror contemporary society, it reveals a troubling picture of a sickly social environment. The review concluded with a lamentation over Dundy's talent being overshadowed by the sordid themes explored in ""The Injured Party"", suggesting that despite her aesthetic appeal as an author, her narrative choices have regrettably led to a less favourable outcome in this particular work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740720_2_72_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740720.2.72.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143467200
4575,24,07,1974,"Join In Decisions, Women Urged (Press, 24 July 1974)","On 23 July 1974, during the annual conference of the New Zealand Women’s Country Institute in Wellington, Governor-General Sir Denis Blundell urged women to take a more significant role in governmental decision-making at both local and national levels. He acknowledged that while women were increasingly active within their communities, there was a need for greater participation in areas where critical decisions are made. Sir Denis posed the question of whether the voices of women were being adequately heard and considered in matters that impacted everyone. He highlighted the importance of women's involvement in social issues such as laws regarding homosexuality, divorce, punishment, and alcohol consumption. While recognising the challenges many women face in standing for Parliament, he encouraged organisations like the C.W.I., which represents women across the country, to effectively communicate their concerns and views to local Members of Parliament and Government Ministers. Sir Denis pointed out the insufficient representation of women on local authority councils, emphasising that their contributions were essential for the betterment of governance at that level.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740724_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740724.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143812800
4573,24,07,1974,"Notice Of Bill On Homosexuals (Press, 24 July 1974)","On 23 July 1974, it was announced that a homosexual law reform bill was expected to be introduced in the New Zealand Parliament the following day. National Party member V. S. Young, representing Egmont, indicated that he would bring forward his Crimes Amendment Bill, which aimed to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. The bill also intended to reinforce the Crimes Act in all other areas concerning homosexual activities. Mr Young described the bill as significant, noting that it was at the invitation of the Minister of Justice for a private member to introduce such legislation. The motion for this bill was set to be examined the next afternoon unless government business monopolised the House’s time. Prime Minister Norman Kirk confirmed that Mr Young’s motion would appear on the Order Paper for consideration and would follow the usual parliamentary process. However, Mr Kirk expressed scepticism regarding the likelihood of the bill progressing, stating that it would be surprising if it received a first reading. He communicated his intention to vote against the bill, stating that he did not support legislation that regarded homosexuality as normal behaviour. The Prime Minister previously held discussions within the Labour caucus, where he noted a Labour MP was unlikely to initiate a similar bill due to significant divisions among the party members. This internal discord underscored the belief that, even if introduced, the bill was unlikely to succeed in a parliamentary vote.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740724_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740724.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143812800
4572,24,07,1974,"On Other Pages (Press, 24 July 1974)","On 24 July 1974, news reports highlighted several significant developments. One of the key topics was the possibility of Mr. Young introducing a bill concerning homosexuality, which would be discussed in Parliament. This proposal is indicative of the evolving social attitudes towards homosexuality and the potential for legislative change. In a separate matter, the Electricity Department is contemplating further relaxation of existing restrictions, suggesting a shift towards improved energy management or supply issues. Additionally, members of a health committee have voiced strong criticism regarding the penalties outlined in a proposed drug bill. Their concerns reflect ongoing debates about drug policies and their societal impacts. Internationally, the United Kingdom is experiencing political discourse surrounding a mini-budget, reflecting economic adjustments and planning. In lighter news, holidaymakers have shared their experiences from Cyprus, possibly highlighting the allure of the Mediterranean as a tourist destination. New Zealand's sailing community is abuzz as local boats find themselves in a competitive battle with British entries, showcasing national pride and sporting excellence. On the sports front, the All Blacks, New Zealand's celebrated rugby team, have been granted a day off, perhaps suggesting the need for rest amid a demanding schedule. The publication also includes various segments covering television news, Supreme Court updates, shipping news, mail notices, and racing events, indicating a well-rounded news offering for the readership. Additionally, commercial and classified ads reflect the economic activities and job opportunities within the region. Overall, 24 July 1974 marked a day of political, social, and sporting news that captures the changing landscape in New Zealand and abroad.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740724_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740724.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143812800
4574,24,07,1974,"Parliament’s Diary (Press, 24 July 1974)","On 24 July 1974, significant legislative activities took place in New Zealand's Parliament. Two notable Budget measures, the Land and Income Tax Annual Bill and the Land and Income Tax Amendment (No. 2) Bill, were presented for a first reading. Additionally, a local bill from Rotorua was also read for the first time and subsequently referred to the Local Bills Committee for further consideration. The annual report from the Ombudsman was tabled, providing an update on the office's activities and findings. Members of Parliament put forward four notices of motion, and ministers responded to a total of 22 questions raised by the members. Prominent among the developments was the announcement from Mr V. S. Young of the National Party, representing Egmont, who indicated his intention to introduce the Crimes Amendment Bill. This bill is anticipated to facilitate a free vote on proposed changes to the law concerning homosexual practices, a significant issue in the societal and legal landscape of the time. Furthermore, the New Zealand Superannuation Corporation Bill successfully passed its second reading in the House, following a government victory with a vote count of 43 in favour and 24 against. This bill is expected to play a crucial role in shaping the future of superannuation in New Zealand. In a separate but relevant note, the Post Office announced the suspension of telephone, telegraph, and telex services between New Zealand and Cyprus due to the ongoing situation in Cyprus, reflecting the impact of international events on local services. The Post Office indicated that this suspension would remain in effect until further notice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740724_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740724.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143812800
4576,25,07,1974,"Homosexual Reform Bill Will Go To Select Committee (Press, 25 July 1974)","A bill aimed at legalising homosexual acts in private for consenting males aged 21 and over was introduced to the New Zealand Parliament on 24 July 1974 by Mr V. S. Young, an Opposition member. Although there were strong objections from some members, the bill passed its first reading without any votes against it. A motion to send the bill to a special select committee for further examination was also accepted unanimously. During the introduction debate, which lasted two hours, seven Opposition members spoke, with four supporting the bill, while three opposed it. Out of 12 speakers from the Government, eight expressed support and four voiced opposition. Most members who spoke included qualifiers in their remarks. Notably, neither the Prime Minister, Mr Kirk, nor the Deputy Prime Minister, Mr Watt, was present for the debate. The proposed legislation seeks to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private but increases penalties for the molestation of underage males from a maximum of 10 years to 14 years. It also seeks to extend the same legal principles to both homosexual and heterosexual acts of prostitution, thereby eliminating the current male-female distinctions in the law. While the bill would not apply in cases involving mental patients or where consent was involuntary, it includes provisions for the withdrawal of many current prosecutions against homosexuals. Mr Young argued that the law does not create or eliminate homosexuality, stating that societal values, not legal ones, shape moral standards. He maintained that the bill would not lead to an increase in homosexuality nor alter public perception significantly. Support for the bill included remarks from the Minister of Justice, Dr Finlay, who welcomed the reform as long overdue and expressed hope for a swift review by the committee. However, he preferred the language of a different draft bill prepared by the Homosexual Law Reform Society but supported the overall intent in alignment with the Wolfenden Report of 1957. Some members raised concerns regarding the activities of groups advocating for homosexual acceptance, desiring further amendments to control such organisations. The Minister of Tourism, Mrs Tirikatene-Sullivan, noted that the bill could alleviate suffering for a significant number of New Zealanders, stating the law was outdated. Opposition emerged from the Minister of Police, Mr Connelly, who regarded homosexuality as unnatural and suggested that changes to the law would not normalise it. He asserted that people engaged in such acts did not require legal reforms but rather medical intervention, warning against giving legitimacy to behaviours he deemed inappropriate for protecting children. The Leader of the Opposition, Mr Muldoon, supported the bill and commended Mr Young for introducing such a contentious measure, believing it would help reduce incidences of blackmail and violence linked to homosexuality. Mr Young accepted the government's proposal to send the bill to a special select committee for further study.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740725_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740725.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143899200
4577,25,07,1974,"Points Of Viewing The Sentimental Side Of M.a.s.h. (Press, 25 July 1974)","On 25 July 1974, an article reviewed the upcoming comedy series featuring Diana Rigg, drawing comparisons to the well-regarded show “M.A.S.H.” The critic expressed doubt that Rigg's new show could match the humour and emotional depth that “M.A.S.H.” has consistently provided. “M.A.S.H.” has been praised for balancing hilarity with poignant moments when necessary. The criticism noted that the last episode aired contained fewer laughs than typical but was still impactful, showcasing various emotional contrasts. Viewers experienced a nostalgic outdoor concert juxtaposed with tense medical situations, reflective of the series' ability to intertwine comedy with serious themes. In addition to “M.A.S.H.,” the article discussed a segment from the current affairs programme ""Nationwide,"" which covered aspects of Mr Ben Young’s private bill for homosexual law reform. The piece suggested that while the subject was relevant, its focus on potential political smear towards Young detracted from the necessary exploration of the bill itself. The critique pointed out a tendency in television journalism to labour on certain points, sometimes leading to unnecessary repetition rather than providing concise and informative content. Highlighting another television programme, “Nationwide” featured a song about Duncan McIntyre, which managed to provide a light critique of the N.Z.B.C.'s restrictions on comedy. The article also commended the script of “Callan,” highlighting it as an engaging and well-crafted episode featuring a more relatable and nuanced protagonist compared to James Bond. The script's attention to detail and characterisation received specific praise, notably in a tense scene which showcased emotional realism. The night of programming also included several other shows on the television schedule, indicating a mix of entertainment options for viewers, from news segments to dramas and comedies, reflecting the wide array of content available to audiences at that time. Ultimately, while Rigg’s new series was anticipated, the enduring appeal of “M.A.S.H.” and its unique blend of laughter and heartfelt storytelling remained a significant benchmark for comedic television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740725_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740725.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143899200
4578,25,07,1974,"Precautions At House (Press, 25 July 1974)","On 24 July 1974, security measures were heightened at the Parliament Buildings in Wellington, New Zealand, following concerns related to a telephoned threat. The underground car park was secured, and only three entrances at the front of the building remained accessible. The increased security appears to be linked to the proposed legislation aimed at reforming laws concerning homosexuality. Although the police and Wing Commander R. M. McKay, the Sergeant-at-Arms for Parliament, did not officially validate the existence of the threat or disclose specific reasons for the enhanced security protocols, it is widely believed that the threat stemmed from the contentious nature of the legal reforms being discussed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740725_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740725.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143899200
4579,25,07,1974,"Prospect Of Reform “reasonable” (Press, 25 July 1974)","On 25 July 1974, significant progress towards homosexual law reform in New Zealand was indicated by the decision to refer Mr Young's bill to a select committee. Mr S. W. M. Ransom, chairman of the New Zealand Law Society, commented on this development from Palmerston North, expressing optimism about the bill’s acceptability for debate. He highlighted that the attitudes surrounding homosexuality had shifted since the formation of the Homosexual Law Reform Society seven years prior, noting that previously, many newspapers avoided the term ""homosexual,"" which was heavily stigmatised. Ransom acknowledged the reasonable and constructive nature of the debate surrounding the bill, suggesting that it demonstrates a growing concern among members of Parliament for the rights of fellow citizens, despite many not being well-informed on the subject. He expressed hope that various organised groups and experts would have the opportunity to present their views to the select committee, indicating that the discussion would delve into broader issues involving human well-being.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740725_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740725.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,143899200
4581,27,07,1974,"Mr Muldoon Opposes Abortion Law Change (Press, 27 July 1974)","On 26 July 1974, during the National Party's conference in Auckland, the Leader of the Opposition, Mr. Muldoon, stated that he was opposed to any changes in the law on abortion, while expressing his support for Mr. V. S. Young’s homosexual reform bill. He opened his address by acknowledging the contributions of Deputy Leader Mr. Taiboys and former Prime Ministers Keith Holyoake and Jack Marshall. He emphasised that differing opinions within the caucus should not be viewed as divisive but rather as a display of healthy discussion, although he underscored the unity among members in their pursuit of a National victory in the upcoming 1975 elections. Mr. Muldoon also addressed what he referred to as “lunatic fringe groups” and expressed his surprise that the New Zealand media often gravitated towards the extreme views of these groups. He described the term “liberal” as overused and clarified that the National Party did not align with the extreme interpretations of liberalism, but rather with a more traditional understanding, likening it to the philosophy of former Prime Minister Dick Seddon which advocated for a fair society for all citizens. He articulated that this approach includes compassion for the less fortunate and protection for ordinary citizens from antisocial elements. Notably, Mr. Muldoon pledged that National Party members would be free to vote according to their consciences on major issues of homosexual law reform and abortion, predicting that the conference would see significant debate on both issues without acrimony. While he supported the homosexual reform bill, he did criticise groups such as Gay Liberation for causing harm to the cause they advocate. He advocated for understanding and compassion for those affected by homosexuality, stating that legal threats should be removed. Regarding abortion, Mr. Muldoon was firm in his belief that life should be valued and upheld, arguing against the changing of laws to decriminalise it. In addition to discussing social issues, Mr. Muldoon critiqued the Labour Government, claiming they were mismanaging the economy due to a lack of experience and exhibiting prejudice. He called out their post-election foreign policy promises as hypocritical, specifically mentioning ongoing trade relations with countries like Chile and South Africa, highlighting a disconnect between their moral claims and actual policy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740727_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740727.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144072000
4580,27,07,1974,"On Other Pages (Press, 27 July 1974)","On 27 July 1974, political developments dominated the news, with Prime Minister Mr Muldoon firmly opposing any changes to abortion laws while simultaneously expressing support for a homosexual reform bill. This marks a notable stance in a politically charged environment regarding social issues. Additionally, Mr Muldoon announced a ballot on compulsory unionism, indicating a shift towards addressing labour relations legislation. In more legal news, a former detective received a nine-year prison sentence, highlighting ongoing issues within law enforcement. Meanwhile, international affairs were also prominent, with Turkey being accused of violating cease-fire agreements during the ongoing talks related to the Cyprus conflict. In sports, a British boat triumphed at the One-Ton Cup, with Hati rounding out the top three. In rugby, there were tensions as Fijian players voiced their opposition to Canterbury's control. Various other segments of the publication covered a range of topics, including women’s news, magistrate court updates, racing, literary reviews, as well as features and commercial content. The editorial section provided perspectives on current events, while letters from the public offered reader engagement on pressing issues of the day. Overall, the news from this date reflects a blend of social, legal, and sporting narratives, illustrating the multifaceted aspects of life in New Zealand during 1974.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740727_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740727.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144072000
7012,27,07,1974,"Seeking Another Gender (Press, 27 July 1974)","In her book ""Conundrum,"" Jan Morris reflects on her personal journey of gender transition, addressing the complexities faced by individuals born male who identify as female. Morris, born James Morris, recounts her experiences and the long process of reconciling her internal identity with her physical existence, ultimately culminating in gender reassignment surgery. The book challenges conventional understandings of gender and sexuality but has drawn criticism for its lack of depth regarding the experiences of transgender individuals. Critics have pointed out that many readers may feel uncomfortable with Morris's presentation of male and female identities, with some men feeling their masculinity is unfairly critiqued and some women believing their femininity is superficially elevated. The book has been described as vague, failing to provide concrete depictions of life as a transgender person and instead relying on impressions and hints that leave readers guessing about essential experiences. Morris herself acknowledges the challenges of revisiting her past, which perhaps contributes to the book's evasiveness. While she presents her evolving identity in a moving manner, Morris appears to gloss over many of the struggles and miseries associated with her experience, instead focusing on moments of happiness which seem disproportionate in light of her past difficulties. Her discussion of sexuality is particularly controversial; Morris advocates a kind of pan-sexualism that dismisses traditional sexual relationships, suggesting that she found erotic pleasure in art and nature rather than in interpersonal connections. This approach raises concerns among readers, who may find it undermines the significance of sexual identity and relationships. Morris draws a dichotomy between male and female qualities, claiming her transition was motivated by a spiritual quest for gentleness and sensitivity. However, this raises questions about the necessity of a physical transformation if the quest was primarily spiritual. Morris argues for an inherent biological distinction between the sexes, claiming she experiences emotions in a way that James, as a male, did not. Some readers suggest that James's adherence to societal expectations of masculinity may have shaped his experiences more than an innate difference in identity. The book ultimately presents Morris’s newfound peace as stemming from her achievement of self-acceptance and identity clarity, rather than her status as a woman. Critics posit that if Morris had recognised the universal quest for identity that her experience represents, she might have crafted a more insightful exploration of her journey. Instead, the work remains a deeply personal account that may lack broader relevance in discussions about gender identity and roles. Nonetheless, her narrative reflects the struggles faced by those grappling with gender dysphoria and the search for personal truth, albeit in a manner that some feel obscures the realities of this human condition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740727_2_66_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740727.2.66.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144072000
3999,29,07,1974,"Mr Muldoon “lacks Understanding” (Press, 29 July 1974)","Mr P. R. H. Maling, the liaison officer for the Gay Liberation Front (G.L.F.) in Christchurch, responded critically to remarks made by the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Robert Muldoon, regarding the aims of the G.L.F. and the needs of homosexuals in New Zealand. Maling contended that Muldoon lacks comprehension of the gay rights movement and the issues facing homosexuals. He stressed that homosexuals do not desire compassion from politicians; instead, they seek recognition and equality, asserting that the real affliction lies in the social and legal discrimination they face. Maling pointed out that the G.L.F.'s primary objective is to gain social acceptance and legal rights equivalent to those of heterosexuals, enabling individuals to live and express their love freely without suffering discrimination. He specifically addressed Muldoon's comments about a reform bill proposed by Mr V. S. Young, which Muldoon claimed would alleviate the legal threats faced by homosexuals. Maling argued that the proposed legislation would not adequately protect, for example, a 19-year-old man in a relationship with an older man from potential legal repercussions. Maling expressed concern that Muldoon’s perspective portrays homosexuals as defective and in need of sympathy, which perpetuates social exclusion instead of acknowledging their identity and rights as individuals. He also challenged Muldoon’s assertion that the G.L.F. harms the cause of gay rights, arguing that Muldoon’s lack of understanding detracts from his credibility and the policies of his party, which he described as promoting a ""fair go for the decent bloke."" In summary, Maling's criticisms of Muldoon encapsulate a broader call for equality, respect, and legal protection for homosexuals in New Zealand, emphasising that the struggle for gay rights is about identity, acceptance, and the elimination of discrimination.","Robert Muldoon",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740729_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740729.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144244800
4000,30,07,1974,"Homosexual Law Reform Supported (Press, 30 July 1974)","On 29 July 1974, the National Party's conference in Auckland showed a significant level of support for homosexual law reform. However, it was noted that this endorsement did not equate to an acceptance of homosexual behaviour as normal. The discussions during the conference included some criticism of the Gay Liberation movement. The initial proposal aimed to change the law to legalise homosexual conduct between consenting adults in private. Nevertheless, an amendment was introduced to the proposal which specifically excluded any provisions regarding soliciting or advertising for homosexual purposes. This amendment was supported by Mr D. Harvey from the Young Nationals and Mr V. S. Young, who has previously sponsored a private member’s bill on the subject currently under consideration in the House. Mr Young clarified that the bill was independently his initiative, but he felt bolstered by the conference's backing following the amendment. Conversely, some party members expressed strong opposition to the remit. Mrs A. Reeves of Franklin notably argued against the proposal, asserting that society should not permit individuals she referred to as ""deviates"" to act freely. Mrs H. White from Waikato pointed out that the reform aimed to remove penalties associated with homosexual acts, thus providing an opportunity for rehabilitation rather than punishment. Another delegate, Mr M. J. O’Brien from Hamilton West, who had previously supported reform, shifted his stance and opposed any liberalisation of the law during the discussions. Despite the opposition voiced by several members, the amendment ultimately passed by a narrow margin, allowing for the main motion regarding law reform to proceed more smoothly thereafter.","National Party",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740730_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740730.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144331200
6868,30,07,1974,"Shakespeare’s Women (Press, 30 July 1974)","In July 1974, Mervyn Thompson announced a unique casting decision for his upcoming production of Shakespeare's ""The Taming of the Shrew,"" scheduled for September. In a significant departure from traditional practices, only two male roles will be played by men, while the remaining cast will be composed exclusively of women. Mr Thompson explained that this approach stemmed from the need to accommodate the large number of women who auditioned—23 women vied for the two principal female roles of Kate, known as the shrew, and her sister Bianca. Stewart Ross has been cast as Petruchio, and Nicholas Blake will play Grumio, while Cathy Downes takes on the role of Kate, Alannah O’Sullivan will portray Lucentio, and Eva Joel is cast as Bianca. Auditions for other roles have been reopened, with a particular aim to attract more mature women who may have missed earlier auditions due to a perceived lack of available parts. Thompson expressed a desire for actresses who can also sing or play musical instruments. Thompson noted that while he could have assembled a male cast, he felt compelled to champion female talent, especially as he has witnessed many capable actresses being overlooked over the years. He remarked on the lack of strong male characters in the play, highlighting the greater relevance of the performers’ abilities over their gender. Thompson expressed his aim to provide a liberating experience for actresses by creating significant roles for them. Despite the predominantly female cast, he reassured that the production would not adopt an exaggerated comedic style or rely on transvestite humour. Instead, he intends to present the play in a relaxed manner while avoiding overly serious interpretations. Thompson's vision is to focus on the essence of the characters and their relationships, particularly the dynamic between Kate and Petruchio. To enhance the intimacy of the production, Thompson plans to utilise the James Hay Theatre differently, prioritising the performance over visual extravagance. The aim is to demonstrate that a quality theatre experience can be achieved on a modest budget, and as such, ticket prices will be lower than usual for performances at this venue. Overall, Thompson's innovative approach seeks to breathe new life into Shakespeare's work while providing greater opportunities for female actors in the performing arts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740730_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740730.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144331200
4583,30,07,1974,"Speculation On Shakespeare (Press, 30 July 1974)","On 29 July 1974, Martin Seymour-Smith published an article in the ""British Journal of Sexual Medicine"" asserting that William Shakespeare was not homosexual, but rather a heterosexual who unexpectedly experienced homosexual feelings. Seymour-Smith argued that this shift in passion could be inferred from Shakespeare's ""Love Sonnets,"" particularly sonnets 34 to 36, indicating that the playwright may have engaged in a physical relationship with a male friend. He concluded that some form of physical intimacy likely occurred, though the exact nature of the relationship remains speculative. The article also references the first edition of Shakespeare’s ""Love Sonnets,"" published in 1609, which was dedicated to ""Mr W.H."" by the publisher Thomas Thorpe. In 1964, scholar Leslie Hotson suggested that the enigmatic Mr W.H. was likely William Hatcliffe, a young and attractive man from a prominent Lincolnshire family. Additionally, other prominent Shakespeare scholars, such as Professors A. L. Rowse and John Dover Wilson, have proposed that the inspiration for the sonnets may have come from either the young Earl of Southampton or the young Earl of Pembroke. Seymour-Smith's interpretations contribute to ongoing discussions regarding Shakespeare's sexuality and the personal influences that may have shaped his poetry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740730_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740730.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144331200
4582,30,07,1974,"Students Deplore Mr Kirk’s Stand (Press, 30 July 1974)","On 30 July 1974, the University of Canterbury Students’ Association expressed strong disapproval of the Prime Minister Mr Kirk's stance on homosexual law reform. Dr J. J. Benefield, the president of the association, criticised the Prime Minister for his opposition to the repeal of certain sections of the Crimes Act of 1961. These sections criminalise sexual acts between consenting persons aged 15 and over, and the association advocated for the repeal of all existing antihomosexual legislation. Dr Benefield pointed out that Mr Kirk's position contradicts the traditional policy of the Labour Party, implying that his decision could be seen as a dictatorial imposition of his personal views on the entire Parliamentary Labour party. He noted the contradiction in Mr Kirk's previous support and encouragement of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, which had believed that its draft Bill would receive a fair hearing in Parliament. The students’ association highlighted that this issue should not be overlooked, asserting that it concerns a significant portion of the population, estimated at 5 per cent of New Zealanders. Furthermore, Dr Benefield argued that the majority of New Zealanders would likely support legal reform regarding homosexual rights. He lamented that New Zealand, which has historically been a leader in social reform, was lagging behind other nations in advancing the rights of homosexuals, branding it as a disgraceful blemish on the country's record.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740730_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740730.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144331200
4001,01,08,1974,"Gay Lib. And The Law (Press, 1 August 1974)","On 1 August 1974, a controversy arose following a statement made by the Minister of Tourism, Mrs Whetu Tirikatene Sullivan, regarding groups advocating for homosexual rights, specifically mentioning the Gay Liberation Front (GLF). Mr P. R. H. Maling, the liaison officer for the GLF in Christchurch, expressed strong objections to Mrs Tirikatene-Sullivan's insinuation that organisations like his were not law-abiding. He described her remarks as a “grossly unfair” reflection on the GLF and similar groups. In a report published in ""The Press,"" Mrs Tirikatene-Sullivan was quoted stating that any change to laws concerning homosexuality would serve the interests of approximately 50,000 individuals who were, in her view, law-abiding citizens. However, she argued that this change was not intended to benefit “militant deviant groups.” Mr Maling interpreted her comments as an implicit accusation that groups such as the GLF were deviating from lawful behaviour. In response to these remarks, Mr Maling called on Mrs Tirikatene-Sullivan to either specify which groups she deemed militant or to retract her statement and publicly apologise to the GLF in Christchurch for what he branded as unfounded insinuations. This incident highlighted the tensions between governmental perspectives on homosexuality and the advocacy efforts of liberation groups during this period.","Whetu Tirikatene Sullivan",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740801_2_45_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740801.2.45.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144504000
7646,01,08,1974,"National Party Conference (Press, 1 August 1974)","In a letter published on 1 August 1974, R. R. Jordan expressed concern about the discussions at a recent conference held by a major political party in New Zealand. Jordan found it astonishing that a significant amount of time was devoted to controversial topics such as sodomy, lesbianism, juvenile contraceptives, and drug use. While he noted that senior party members did not appear particularly enthusiastic about legalising or endorsing these issues, he raised a warning regarding the potential implications of such discussions. Jordan suggested that aspiring future leaders within the party might benefit from studying Edward Gibbon's ""Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,"" implying that there could be historical lessons to be learned about the consequences of legitimising certain behaviours that he viewed as detrimental to society. His letter underscored a concern for traditional values and the direction of social policy debates within the political landscape of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740801_2_102_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740801.2.102.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144504000
4002,03,08,1974,"National Party Conference (Press, 3 August 1974)","On 3 August 1974, a response to a letter from Mr Jordan appeared in a New Zealand publication, highlighting the diverse views within the National Party and the importance of open discussion on controversial issues. The author, G. J., recognised that the topics presented at the National Party conference reflected the opinions and attitudes of individuals from branch meetings throughout the country. He emphasised that while some discussions might upset certain people, the party remains voluntary and encourages a platform for airing differing viewpoints. G. J. argued that the emergence of these issues demonstrates shifting societal attitudes, suggesting that to ignore or suppress genuine opinions would be to overlook the realities faced by New Zealand in 1974. He invited Mr Jordan to provide solutions for preventing the evolution of such social attitudes, restating the necessity of addressing these matters rather than avoiding them. Another letter, authored by P. R. H. Maling, a liaison officer for the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, responded critically to Mr Jordan’s views by drawing parallels between contemporary society and ancient Greek civilisation. Maling asserted that much of modern culture has its roots in the ethical and aesthetic values of ancient Greece, including the acceptance and celebration of various sexual orientations, such as homosexuality and lesbianism. He dismissed Jordan's reasoning as flawed, describing it as a logical fallacy that inappropriately traced societal issues back to ancient events. Maling contended that the idea that characteristics such as homosexuality led to significant historical figures' demise, like Socrates and Christ, was misguided. He argued that their accusations were rooted in broader societal conflicts rather than solely based on their sexual orientation. Furthermore, he called into question the appropriateness of using antiquated events to forecast a modern nation's trajectory. Both contributions reflect the ongoing discourse around the changing perspectives on sexuality and morality in New Zealand during the 1970s, showcasing differing viewpoints on how society should engage with controversial topics. The correspondence closed with a note from the editor, indicating that this particular discussion was now concluded.","Gay Liberation Front; National Party",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740803_2_104_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740803.2.104.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144676800
4584,05,08,1974,"Comment From The Capital National Conference Not... (Press, 5 August 1974)","The National Party's thirty-eighth annual conference, held in Wellington over the weekend of August 3-4, 1974, marked a significant departure from past gatherings, igniting feelings of frustration and urgency among delegates. With the party struggling under a 23-seat minority in Parliament, complacency was replaced by calls for action and reform. Attendees left feeling provoked, with some questioning the performance of current National Party members. Despite the upbeat atmosphere surrounding the election of Helen Carmichael as the party's first women’s vice-president and a strong initiation of discussions on women's roles, many female delegates expressed disappointment at the portrayal of women in traditional social roles. Additionally, Maori group representatives voiced their dissatisfaction over a lack of engagement and attention to their proposals, particularly regarding the number of Maori seats in Parliament. The resilience of incumbent MPs was a key topic, with party leader Rob Muldoon advocating for their endorsement as candidates for the upcoming election. This move, however, sparked controversy as many delegates interpreted it as a heavy-handed directive, causing a swirl of speculation regarding potential challenges to sitting members, especially from newer candidates hoping to contest in various electorates. The conference was also punctuated by a wide array of remits addressing socially significant issues such as homosexual law reform, contraceptive accessibility, and abortion law modifications. The discussions highlighted a diversity of opinions on sensitive topics, reflecting the conference's intent to engage in serious public discourse. A proposal for a referendum on abortion reform was narrowly rejected, signalling ongoing divisions within the party. While early criticisms were directed at the remits, they ultimately facilitated constructive dialogue and the exchange of diverse viewpoints, which led to a more dynamic conference atmosphere. Muldoon's leadership was put to the test, with the former party leader, Jack Marshall, making a poignant appearance to elucidate the circumstances surrounding the leadership change, which had occurred while he was abroad. The conference concluded with a recognition that the National Party is moving forward, shedding its recent past and focusing on the future. Overall, it represented a pivotal moment, as the party sought to align itself with its foundational liberal values while addressing contemporary challenges and the need for a more cohesive vision as it approached the next general election in 1975.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740805_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740805.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144849600
4585,06,08,1974,"Mr Kirk Opposes Homosexuality Bill (Press, 6 August 1974)","On 6 August 1974, the New Zealand Press Association reported on Prime Minister Mr. Kirk's stance regarding the Crimes Amendment Bill, which proposes to legalise homosexual activity between consenting adult males in private. The bill was introduced by Mr. V. S. Young, a National party member, and had received its first reading in Parliament while Mr. Kirk was absent. Following the reading, it was referred to a Select Committee for further examination. Mr. Kirk expressed strong opposition to the bill, stating he might have voted against it had he been present during the first reading. He reiterated his position from a month prior, indicating his opposition to any legislation that normalises homosexuality but mentioned he would review the details of the bill before casting a vote. When questioned, he confirmed his firm stance against Mr. Young's proposal and hinted that significant amendments would be necessary for him to reconsider his position. However, he did not specify what changes would be required, stating that it was the Select Committee's responsibility to address those concerns. Mr. Kirk also remarked that a Special Committee would likely be established soon, to consist of five government members and four opposition members. He could not predict whether the bill would return from the committee before Parliament's scheduled recess in September or October. He also left open the possibility of allowing a second reading debate on the bill later in the year but was uncertain about the timeline, as it depended on how much time the committee would need to gather evidence and consider submissions from various groups and individuals. Additionally, Mr. Kirk called for balanced media coverage of the committee hearings, acknowledging the difficulty of succinctly covering such proceedings. He emphasised the importance of providing thorough and fair coverage to ensure the public is well-informed about the implications of the bill under discussion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740806_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740806.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,144936000
4586,12,08,1974,"Comment From The Capital The Sex Questioxs-a Tale... (Press, 12 August 1974)","On 12 August 1974, a commentary by Cedric Mentiplay discussed the evolving landscape of parliamentary debates in New Zealand regarding sensitive issues of abortion and homosexuality. The concept of a ""vote of conscience"" has emerged as a significant aspect of the current parliamentary session, evidenced by Prime Minister Norman Kirk and Opposition leader Robert Muldoon allowing members to vote freely on the controversial Crimes Amendment Bill, sponsored by National Party member V.S. Young. This bill could pave the way for amendments relating to abortion laws. The National Party conference had recently sparked discussions that were described as “sex-oriented,” although only a small fraction of topics addressed were related to sexual behaviour. Notably, the subjects of homosexuality and abortion captured the public's attention, revealing a heightened public consciousness despite only a fraction of conference remits being relevant to these themes. Kirk's and Muldoon's stances on these issues reflect their personal convictions. Muldoon expressed his support for Young's bill while firmly opposing any changes to abortion laws. Conversely, Kirk firmly opposes normalising homosexual behaviour and has pledged to vote against the current form of the bill, signalling a conservative approach to these matters. The parliamentary process for examining this bill involves an open session with a committee from both sides, creating an environment for extensive debate. There exists a possibility that the bill may not return for further stages, although Kirk reassured that it would undergo discussion and different amendments would be addressed. He warned of the chaotic nature that can arise during free votes, recalling past instances where confusion led to unexpected outcomes. Kirk also emphasised the importance of responsible media coverage during the bill's proceedings and the public's right to information from committee hearings. He highlighted the challenge of accurately representing the discussions without oversimplifying complex evidence. Regarding the topic of abortion, Kirk expressed concerns about the inequity faced by those who can obtain abortions legally in other countries while facing restrictions at home. He admitted that while there are legal abortions performed annually in Christchurch, he was not entirely convinced that the existing law was inadequate despite acknowledging some progress over the years in widening its scope, including conditions where psychological factors play a role. Kirk's engagement with groups like the Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child indicates a serious consideration of various perspectives regarding abortion reform. However, he maintained that any changes or discussions stemming from the new Auckland clinic's activities would necessitate thorough legal scrutiny. Overall, the debate regarding abortion laws in New Zealand is anticipated to be lengthy and complex, with the potential for legislative change hinging on the outcomes of the discussions, which may see both Kirk and Muldoon's perspectives converging in a surprising political alignment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740812_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740812.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,145454400
6580,17,08,1974,"Fiction Gallery (Press, 17 August 1974)","On 17 August 1974, two novels were reviewed that delve into complex human emotions and experiences. The first, ""The Examination"" by Rudolf Nassauer, is described as a strange and somewhat unsettling narrative that unfolds through a tapestry of dreams and fantasies. The story revolves around a German refugee who, after establishing a family business in London, faces bankruptcy, which shatters his life’s meaning and stability. For the next four years, the protagonist lives in confusion and self-loathing. His path to recovery is marked by a reflection on pivotal moments and relationships from his past, particularly the loss of his wife and children following the financial collapse, as well as the influence of his parents on his complicated psyche. The novel features various characters, including a malevolent auditor who precipitates the bankruptcy and a priest whose role is less clearly defined but adds depth to the narrative. The review suggests that the novel operates on multiple levels, making it a rich subject for analysis, yet it is also accessible for casual readers who are willing to engage deeply with its themes. The second novel, ""Richard's Thing"" by Frederic Raphael, tells the story of a suddenly widowed middle-aged woman who has long believed her marriage to be one of mutual happiness. Upon discovering that her husband's heart attack occurred while he was with a younger woman, she becomes consumed by the need to connect with this woman in an attempt to regain her sense of self. Their relationship, rooted in lesbianism, is fraught with tension and impending disaster. However, the widow ultimately confronts her future with a stoic acceptance, armed with the experiences of aging and lost passion. The author is praised for his skillful dialogue and vivid descriptions of everyday scenes, such as women shopping in a supermarket, which add layers of realism to the narrative. While the book is characterised as light-weight, it is noted for its pacing and insightful portrayal of the female experience, elevating it above similar works in the genre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740817_2_85_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740817.2.85.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,145886400
4587,19,08,1974,"Nominations Urged (Press, 19 August 1974)","On 19 August 1974, Mr Muldoon, the Leader of the Opposition, called on the Government to establish a select committee to review the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. During a session in Parliament, Muldoon highlighted that the Crimes Amendment Bill had been introduced as a private member's bill by Mr V. S. Young from the National Party on 25 July. He noted that the Opposition had already put forward its nominations for the select committee but sought clarification from Deputy Prime Minister Mr Watt on when the Government would announce its members. In response, Mr Watt indicated that he could not provide a timeline but would look into the matter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740819_2_161.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740819.2.161,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,146059200
4588,20,08,1974,"Mr Kirk Sent Back To Bed (Press, 20 August 1974)","On 19 August 1974, the Prime Minister of New Zealand, Mr. Kirk, is currently dealing with influenza, which has resulted in the cancellation of his engagements for the following day. He was absent from Parliament on Friday and had also cancelled commitments on Saturday. However, he did manage to open the new St Peter’s Collegiate coeducational college in Palmerston North the previous day. Following a Cabinet meeting today, Mr. Kirk left early due to his condition, leading to the Deputy Prime Minister, Mr. Watt, conducting the weekly press conference in his stead. A spokesperson from the Prime Minister's office indicated that Mr. Kirk’s doctor has advised him to rest, confirming he will not attend the House on Tuesday. Mr. Kirk was scheduled to address the Auckland Manufacturers’ Association that evening, a duty now taken over by the Minister of Trade and Industry, Mr. Freer. His only remaining official engagement for tomorrow was a farewell meeting with the Australian High Commissioner, Dame Annabelle Rankin, which has already been postponed on a previous occasion. In the same context, Mr. Watt has expressed accountability for the delays the Government is experiencing in appointing members to the Select Committee tasked with examining the Crimes Amendment Bill. This legislation proposes the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males aged over 21. Mr. Watt admitted he had been ill during the committee's initial discussions and noted that Mr. Kirk’s own health issues contributed to the delays. He acknowledged that he should have raised the matter at the caucus meeting last Thursday but it escaped his attention, remarking that managing additional responsibilities sometimes makes it challenging to keep track of outstanding tasks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740820_2_120.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740820.2.120,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,146145600
4589,23,08,1974,"Committee May Favour Reform Of Homosexual Law (Press, 23 August 1974)","On 22 August 1974, a nine-member Select Committee was appointed by Parliament to examine the Crimes Amendment Bill, which aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. The bill, introduced by Mr V. S. Young, a National Party member representing Egmont, has garnered attention as Parliament will allow a free vote on the matter. The committee is perceived to lean slightly in favour of those advocating for homosexual law reform. Notably, Mr Young will serve as a member of this committee. Among the other pro-reform advocates are Dr M. E. R. Bassett from the Labour Party, the Attorney-General Dr Finlay, and Dr G. A. Wall, also from Labour. Dr Wall expressed some reservations during the bill's introduction, indicating a nuanced position on the reform. Three members of the committee did not express their opinions when the bill was introduced. The Deputy Leader of the Opposition, Mr Taiboys, remains uncertain about his voting stance. Mr J. F. Luxton, a National Party member from Piako, has an open mind on the subject but indicated that he would support the law change if it did not create ""grey areas"" that might lead to people being encouraged towards homosexuality. In contrast, Mr P. B. Reweti, representing Eastern Maori, is firmly against the proposed reform. Additionally, two members opposing the reform are Mr D. S. Thomson from the National Party and Mr T. J. Young of the Labour Party, the latter considered to be a possible chair of the committee. As the discussions unfold, the political landscape surrounding the decriminalisation of homosexual acts indicates a significant divide among committee members and reflects broader societal views on homosexual law reform in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740823_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740823.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,146404800
4590,31,08,1974,"Delays In Homosexual Bill (Press, 31 August 1974)","On 30 August 1974, a report from the New Zealand Press Association indicated that parliamentary committee hearings regarding the Crimes Amendment Bill, which aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private, are unlikely to conclude before the end of the parliamentary year. The select committee formed to examine the bill, headed by Mr T. J. Young, a lawyer and Labour MP for Hutt, held its inaugural meeting that morning. During this meeting, Mr T. J. Young announced that the committee plans to start hearing evidence on 1 October. Due to other pressing commitments in Parliament, sessions for these hearings are expected to take place only on Tuesday mornings while Parliament is in session. With 26 groups already expressing their intention to submit evidence, the likelihood of completing the hearings before Parliament's adjournment appears slim. Mr Young also mentioned that while the press would generally be allowed to attend the hearings, the committee may seek the option to exclude reporters for particularly sensitive testimonies. Further reflecting on the topic, Mr V. S. Young, the bill’s sponsor and a National MP for Egmont, expressed gratitude for the thoughtful approach taken by the Roman Catholic Bishops regarding the issue of homosexual law reform. He noted that the Bishops' pastoral letter, to be read at masses on the following Sunday, did not explicitly endorse or condemn his proposals, but rather handled the sensitive matter with care. Mr V. S. Young, who is not a Roman Catholic, acknowledged the importance of addressing the challenging issues surrounding the rights of homosexual individuals and stressed the necessity for society to confront these matters responsibly. He articulated that his bill aims to clarify legal distinctions while reinforcing protections for vulnerable groups, asserting that the legislation cannot alter moral values but rather provide necessary legal definitions and social understanding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740831_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740831.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,147096000
7915,07,09,1974,"Apology For Manners (Press, 7 September 1974)","On 7 September 1974, the Interact conference in New Plymouth saw young delegates criticized for their lack of manners by the guest speaker, Miss Patricia Bartlett. Addressing the issue of censorship, Miss Bartlett noted that the conference featured unusually rude behaviour from the participants, including noisy shuffling and murmuring that distracted from her speech. She expressed her dissatisfaction, stating that if these were among the top young New Zealanders, she was ""not impressed."" When she asked the audience if they wanted her to continue speaking, there was no response, prompting her to request that they listen politely. Following this appeal, the delegates became quiet and remained attentive for the remainder of her address, which concluded with resounding applause. Mr G. McAlpine, the conference chairman, later apologised for the delegates' conduct, acknowledging that the criticism was justified. During a question-and-answer session, one delegate remarked to Miss Bartlett that he believed it was inappropriate for anyone to impose moral standards on others, also suggesting that she was not as harsh as some critics had portrayed her. In her address, Miss Bartlett challenged the notion that a vocal minority, advocating for the legalisation of pornography, had the right to dictate standards for the general population. She argued that authority has the responsibility to protect citizens from material that could be harmful to the public good. Additionally, she remarked on the composition of the Indecent Publications Tribunal, describing it as predominantly liberal and permissive. Miss Bartlett called for reforms, suggesting that no member of the tribunal should serve for more than three years, as she believed those on the tribunal were out of touch with the average New Zealander.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740907_2_164.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740907.2.164,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,147700800
4591,14,09,1974,"Labour Branches Against Petition (Press, 14 September 1974)","On 14 September 1974, the Labour Party's Hoon Hay and Addington branches announced their refusal to support a petition advocating for Mr John Kirk to represent the party in the upcoming by-election for the Sydenham electorate, following the passing of Mr Kirk’s father, the former Prime Minister. Mr D. B. O’Connell, the chairman of the Hoon Hay branch, stated that endorsing a single candidate would be undemocratic and contrary to the Labour Party's constitutional principles. He insisted that all candidates should be given the opportunity to present themselves to the selection committee. The expected Labour nominee is likely to be Mr J. F. W. Wybrow, the party’s general secretary. Despite this, there has been significant public support for Mr John Kirk, with many locals expressing their desire to see him succeed his father via a petition. Nonetheless, regardless of who receives the Labour nomination, a by-election is guaranteed, particularly since the National Party has decided not to run a candidate in the contest. In contrast, the newly formed Progressive Kiwi Party, led by Mr David Mitchell, will field a candidate for the by-election. Mr Mitchell, who operates a car speciality shop in Wellington, announced he would commence his campaign immediately. He plans to engage with voters directly in Sydenham over the weekend while also preparing other campaign logistics. Mr Mitchell's candidacy will encompass both the Progressive Kiwi Party and the Liberal Party, as the two groups have decided to collaborate for this election. He informed the media that while the Progressive Kiwi Party only has 80 members and is based in Wellington, it has a strong liberal agenda focusing on issues such as abortion law reform, decriminalisation of homosexual behaviour, support for solo parents, and ensuring that land ownership resides with New Zealanders. Prime Minister Mr Rowling commented on the National Party's choice to abstain from contesting the seat, expressing his surprise but respecting their rationale. He indicated a personal desire to demonstrate that the Government retained electoral support, suggesting that minor parties might also consider similar decisions to refrain from contesting the seat. Conversely, the president of the National Party, Mr G. A. Chapman, voiced discontent regarding the Social Credit Party's intentions to enter the race. He stated that the National Party had chosen to step aside out of respect for the late Mr Kirk and hoped other parties would follow suit, lamenting that Social Credit's participation seemed pointless since they had no realistic chance of victory.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740914_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740914.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,148305600
4592,17,09,1974,"Plenty Of Work For Parliament (Press, 17 September 1974)","On 17 September 1974, the New Zealand Parliament is set to resume a significant debate regarding the Local Government Bill, anticipated to be one of the most substantial reforms in the country's constitutional framework since the abolition of provincial governance in 1876. The bill has been a topic of contention, and the government aims to have it passed before the Parliament's anticipated adjournment at the end of next month. The Local Bills Committee, which had conducted a thorough examination of the bill, dedicated 69 hours to reviewing it, received 238 submissions, and conducted an extensive tour to gather insights on local governance across the nation. The bill will be positioned second on the Order Paper for tomorrow's session, following the third reading of the Customs Orders Confirmation Bill, a process typically seen as a mere formality. Prime Minister Mr Rowling indicated that the timeframe for Parliament's closure is uncertain, with Labour Weekend being a possible date. However, he stated that the progress made in the following two weeks would heavily influence this decision. The Parliament is also considering two private members' bills: the Crimes Amendment Bill, introduced by Mr V. S. Young, which addresses the decriminalisation of homosexual acts, and the Hospitals Amendment Bill, led by Dr G. A. Wall. While discussions on the Crimes Amendment Bill are currently underway in a Select Committee, its timetable remains uncertain. The Hospitals Amendment Bill is set for a second reading, with Mr Rowling asserting that members would vote based on their personal convictions. In addition to these bills, a range of significant legislative measures are still pending, including revisions related to Commerce, Maori Affairs, and Children and Young Persons legislation. A Special Committee on Women’s Rights is also reviewing vast materials collected from various sittings across the country, with a reporting deadline of 30 November, although this timeline now appears questionable. The Parliament's agenda also includes six days dedicated to examining Estimates related to key areas such as Education, Internal Affairs, Justice, State Advances, Transport, Health, and Railways. On a different note, in sports, J. Moreno from Spain claimed victory in the men's singles of the Antonio Bonfiglio under-21 tennis tournament held in Milan, defeating South Africa's B. Mitton in straight sets. In the men's doubles final, the South African pair of Mitton and J. Schneider triumphed over K. Sinz and T. Smid from Czechoslovakia in a closely contested match.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740917_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740917.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,148564800
4003,19,09,1974,"Homosexual Groups Have Different Approaches (Press, 19 September 1974)","On 19 September 1974, the Christchurch branch of the National Council of Women hosted a meeting featuring a talk by Mr Michael Waghorne, a sociologist who has researched homosexual groups for his M.A. degree. He discussed the homosexual law reform movement and highlighted the differences between two prominent groups: the Homosexual Law Reform Society (H.L.R.S) and the Gay Liberation Front. Mr Waghorne reflected on his initial misconceptions about these groups, stating that his prior knowledge was as limited as the general public's. Initially, he assumed both organisations shared the same objectives, but upon closer examination, he found they had distinct origins and approaches. The H.L.R.S. was founded in 1967, inspired by similar efforts in Britain where homosexual acts between consenting adults became legal that same year. This society was characterised by an open membership, welcoming anyone interested in joining. Mr Waghorne's own experience of attending an H.L.R.S. meeting was met with warmth and friendliness. In contrast, the Gay Liberation Front originated in the United States in 1969 following protests against police violence towards homosexuals after a violent incident that led to the death of a prominent homosexual figure. This group adopted a more radical approach and allied with other minority movements. Mr Waghorne noted that, in the New Zealand context, the Gay Liberation Front had taken a more radical stance compared to its American counterpart which had shifted toward a more moderate position after a split leading to the formation of the Gay Activist Alliance. The H.L.R.S., on the other hand, had a diverse membership base that included not only homosexuals but also notable figures such as bishops and educators, with no formal recognition required for membership. He elaborated on the H.L.R.S.'s efforts to reform laws and the challenges they faced with the Crimes Amendment Bill. The organisation aims to provide solidarity and support to individuals, fostering a sense of well-being through educational meetings, albeit often chaotic and light-heartedly chaotic. Mr Waghorne observed that the group also offered counselling and support services, often responding to referrals from church authorities. He indicated that their role was essential in preventing increased mental health referrals to facilities like Sunnyside Hospital. Despite their extensive work, Mr Waghorne pointed out that the H.L.R.S. had not effectively reached a broad segment of the public, unlike the more activist-oriented Gay Liberation Front, which garnered greater media attention. The H.L.R.S. acknowledged the importance of public education and was willing to engage with schools, albeit under certain conditions, such as only addressing senior students and allowing non-interested individuals to leave the room. Importantly, Mr Waghorne emphasised that the H.L.R.S. did not aim to alter anyone's sexual preferences but rather sought to foster understanding and educate the public about homosexuality.","Mike Waghorne",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740919_2_47_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740919.2.47.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,148737600
4593,20,09,1974,"U.k. Sugar Shortage (Press, 20 September 1974)","On 19 September 1974, concerns were raised regarding the use of artificial sweeteners in infant food due to a sugar shortage in Britain. A pediatric dietician from a London hospital warned that these sweeteners, such as sorbitol and mannitol, could be harmful to small babies, potentially causing issues like diarrhoea and dehydration. The dietician stressed that mothers might misjudge the appropriate amounts of these chemicals when adding them to baby feed. Instead of using artificial sweeteners, she recommended alternatives like glucose, lactose, or honey, or suggested switching to baby foods that naturally do not require sugar. In a separate development, the Church of England announced plans to conduct its first inquiry into homosexuality. A working party of 12 individuals will investigate changing societal attitudes toward homosexual behaviour and how the Church should respond. The group will be led by the Bishop of Whitby, the Rt. Rev. John Yates. Notably, the working party will not include a homosexual member, although a Church spokesman mentioned a desire for representation. However, there was scepticism about whether a single representative could adequately fulfil this role.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740920_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740920.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,148824000
4004,21,09,1974,"Homosexual Groups (Press, 21 September 1974)","On 21 September 1974, Mr Michael Waghorne clarified inaccuracies in a report that had previously appeared in the news. The report, titled ""Homo-, sexual groups have different! approaches,"" summarised an address he delivered to the Christchurch branch of the National Council of Women. Waghorne is pursuing a master of arts degree in sociology, focusing on homosexual groups. He noted that the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) was formed in the United States in 1969, following significant civil unrest spurred by police misconduct related to the treatment of homosexuals. A key event was the funeral of a prominent homosexual individual, which coincided with the riots, leading to a mass demonstration of around 12,000 participants. The previous report erroneously claimed that this prominent figure had been killed, a mistake that Waghorne took the opportunity to correct. Waghorne described the Gay Liberation Front as a more radical organisation in America, while noting that its counterpart in New Zealand tends to adopt a more moderate approach. He proceeded to elaborate on the functions and objectives of the New Zealand Gay Liberation Front, which involves providing support and counselling to individuals often referred by churches. Additionally, he highlighted the work of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, which aims to educate the public about homosexual issues. However, he pointed out that their educational efforts had not significantly reached a broad audience, indicating a gap in public awareness. Recognising this need for better education, the GLF expressed their willingness to engage with schools and community groups when invited to foster dialogue and understanding. During his attendance at a GLF meeting, Waghorne reported feeling a warm and friendly reception from the members, reinforcing the notion that the organisation is open and approachable in its mission to raise awareness and support individuals within the homosexual community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740921_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740921.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,148910400
4594,23,09,1974,"""Political Suspended Animation” (Press, 23 September 1974)","David Mitchell, the leader of the Progressive Kiwi Party, recently visited Sydenham to prepare for the upcoming by-election. During his visit, he engaged with local residents to gauge their political sentiments. He reported in a release to The Press that the feedback from 21 people he spoke to revealed a significant disinterest in the election. Seven individuals expressed they had no opinions on the by-election, and three supported the Labour Party. Two others indicated they saw no difference between Labour and the National Party. Notably, none of the residents voiced support for the Progressive Kiwi Party. Mitchell posits that the Progressive Kiwis are already emerging as a political force in Wellington and are influencing the local political landscape. His party plans to contest the Sydenham by-election in alliance with the Liberal Party, promoting platforms such as abortion law reform, repealing laws against homosexual behaviour, and establishing incentives for extra work. In his discussions with Sydenham residents, various opinions emerged. Some questioned the necessity of spending $10,000 on a by-election, while others pointed out that the strong Labour support in Sydenham is attributed to the area's diligent residents. Mitchell noted that the Christchurch office of the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation (NZBC) was not particularly engaged politically, whereas local newspapers and Radio Avon displayed a keen interest in both local and national political issues. At 43, Mitchell operates a greeting-card business in Wellington, which he is willing to sell if he secures the Sydenham seat. However, he acknowledges the steep challenge ahead, referencing the 1972 General Election in which parties outside the three main ones garnered less than 5 percent of the total vote.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740923_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740923.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,149083200
4595,30,09,1974,"No Toning Down For Mr Muldoon (Press, 30 September 1974)","In an interview conducted by Cedric Mentiplay, New Zealand's Leader of the Opposition, Mr. Muldoon, expressed his determination to maintain a strong public image and not adopt a ""lower profile"" as the country approaches an election year. He articulated his belief that leaders in opposition should actively seek to capture public attention, especially during times when citizens are concerned about various issues. Muldoon stated that the public is looking for positive leadership, and if the current Prime Minister, Mr. Rowling, does not provide it, they will look for alternatives. Addressing claims about his leadership style being challenged within his party, Muldoon denied these allegations and asserted that the national party caucus was fully supportive of his approach. He indicated that he was receiving a significant volume of correspondence from the public, a stark contrast to previous opposition leaders who tended to refrain from being overtly positive. Among the approximately 100 letters he reviewed that day, he noted that the majority supported his methods, with only about ten percent expressing dissent. Muldoon argued that a negative stance would not win over voters from rival parties. He highlighted the importance of clearly stating issues and taking a strong position, suggesting that this proactive approach was essential for bringing about the political change that was needed. He described the correspondences as coming from a ""silent majority"" who were now expressing their desire for action and leadership. In response to suggestions from senior members of the National Party regarding its image and outreach, Muldoon acknowledged differing opinions but maintained his conviction that the party must appeal to the general populace, rather than just the ""correct"" segment of society. He reported that he had not received significant negative feedback in his correspondence, with most letters being supportive, though some did raise contentious topics such as abortion and homosexual reform. Muldoon also observed that his presence in Parliament seemed to provoke strong reactions from government members, suggesting that they were concerned about public sentiment and the opposition's capability to engage effectively with voters. He anticipated that as the election approached, his approach would evolve to be even more assertive and proactive. Lastly, Muldoon reflected on what the public desires from a political leader, asserting that while dignity is valued, it should not overshadow the need for decisive leadership. He predicted that tough political discussions and strategies would be essential for electoral success, indicating that he intended to continue addressing key issues directly moving forward.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19740930_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19740930.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,149688000
4006,10,10,1974,"Labour Favoured To Win, But Some Uncertainty (Press, 10 October 1974)","On 10 October 1974, just one day before Britain's General Election, the Labour Party was considered the front-runner in a highly uncertain political landscape. Bookmakers and opinion polls indicated a solid lead for Labour, with odds of 1-3 for a Labour victory. An opinion poll published by the ""Daily Mail"" reported a 14.5 per cent advantage for Labour over the Conservatives, with 45.5 per cent of respondents favouring Labour, 31 per cent for the Conservatives, and 19.5 per cent opting for the Liberal party. However, recent history showed that opinion polls had been inaccurate in the previous two elections, prompting bookmakers to offer even odds that neither major party would secure a clear majority. Prime Minister Harold Wilson urged Labour supporters to avoid complacency, stating that the polls had been wrong before and a drop in turnout could threaten their chances. In response to concerns about his close ties to trade unions, Wilson clarified his stance in an interview, asserting that his proposed social contract extended to the entire industry, not just unions, and planned discussions with business leaders if re-elected. Conservative leader Edward Heath was fighting for his political survival, advocating for a three-party coalition if he won. He proposed gathering leaders from the main parties to develop a unified strategy to address the nation's challenges. Editorials from various newspapers advised voters based on their political affiliations, with ""The Times"" recommending a Conservative-Liberal coalition, advocating for local candidates over strict party loyalty. The election's uncertainty stemmed from several factors. The previously dominant two-party competition between Labour and Conservatives was now complicated by a resurgent Liberal Party and various nationalist groups from Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, each with distinct regional agendas. This fragmentation was heightened by the narrow margins by which many seats were won in the previous election, leaving the result open to potential swings. Additionally, the presence of minor parties, including fringe groups advocating for causes such as Gay Liberation and Women's Liberation, added to the unpredictability of the election. Throughout the campaign, the three main parties maintained a consistent presentation of their policies, with Labour promoting its anti-inflation social contract, the Conservatives advocating a national unity government, and the Liberals calling for an end to the traditional two-party dominance. Overall, the day before the election saw a mix of optimism from Labour supporters and caution from Conservatives, along with significant attention on the emergence of smaller parties and the potential impact of regional interests on the election outcome.","United Kingdom",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741010_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741010.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,150552000
4005,10,10,1974,"Politics Galore (Press, 10 October 1974)","On 10 October 1974, a report from London highlighted the chaotic political landscape in Britain as citizens prepared to cast their votes in the upcoming election. With major political parties offering contradictory facts and figures, voters faced a bewildering choice between not only the dominant parties but also a staggering array of candidates from 54 smaller parties. One standout candidate was “Screaming Lord Sutch,” leading the Go to Blazes Party, which consists solely of himself. Known for his unorthodox style and long hair that previously shocked audiences in Australia during the early 1960s, Sutch was campaigning to reduce the Conservative majority in the Stafford and Stone constituency. Despite having garnered only 142 votes in his previous attempt in 1970, Sutch faced the election with enthusiasm. The Air, Road, Public Safety, White Resident Party was another unusual participant, known for its grievance-driven agenda, including a candidate in Surrey campaigning for the abolition of cars. This candidate was notably active in the streets, photographing vehicles that failed to obey pedestrian crossings while riding a bicycle heavily adorned with campaign messages. The Gay Liberation Front was also fielding a candidate, Mr Malcolm Greatbanks, whose platform focused on opposing discrimination and championing homosexual rights. Other minor parties represented included the Anti-Common Market on Any Terms Party and the Save London Action Group, alongside curious entities like the Labour Conservative Coalition Party and the Campaign for a More Prosperous Britain Party. These parties had various motivations, with some candidates making significant financial investments in their campaigns. For instance, self-made millionaire Thomas Keen, 62, had spent £3,500 in an attempt to secure a parliamentary seat, having previously tried unsuccessfully to challenge the Prime Minister, Harold Wilson. The current election witnessed a record number of 2,192 candidates individually paying £150 deposits to stand for election. Labour put forward 623 candidates across all constituencies in England, Wales, and Scotland. The Conservative Party, led by Edward Heath, had a slight edge with 622 candidates, while the Liberals fielded 618 runners, also their highest count to date. Notably, neither major party was contesting the 12 parliamentary seats in Northern Ireland. As the election approached, it became clear that voters had many alternatives, from mainstream parties to unique individual candidates, reflecting the diverse political tapestry of the time and the growing engagement of voters in British democracy.","Gay Liberation Front (UK)",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741010_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741010.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,150552000
4007,21,10,1974,"March In Auckland (Press, 21 October 1974)","On the night of 21 October 1974, approximately 360 civil-liberties demonstrators staged a march down Queen Street in Auckland, advocating for the dissolution of the Auckland police task force. This event was organised by the Auckland Council for Civil Liberties, with participants carrying placards and chanting slogans against what they perceived as a repressive police presence, including the emphatic phrase, “Two, four, six, eight, we don’t want a fascist State.” In contrast, a small counter-demonstration featuring around six individuals emerged in support of the police. This group, identifying themselves as “People in Protest,” displayed placards with messages such as “Only one force, task force,” and “Our police are peace.” The atmosphere was somewhat hostile as both groups exchanged jeers and taunts throughout the evening. The civil-liberties march saw participation from various organisations, including the Progressive Youth Movement, the Polynesian Panthers, the Gay Liberation Front, and Nga Tamatoa, reflecting a broad spectrum of communities rallying for civil rights and against police authority. The in-person clash highlighted the deep divisions in public opinion regarding law enforcement and civil liberties at that time in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741021_2_166.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741021.2.166,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,151502400
4596,28,10,1974,"Christian Stands For Sydenham (Press, 28 October 1974)","In a meeting held on 28 October 1974, Mr T. C. Fouhy, the Christian Independent candidate for the Sydenham by-election, emphasised the need for a strong Christian voice in New Zealand's Parliament. He claimed to be the first candidate to run for a parliamentary seat on a purely Christian platform, advocating for Jesus Christ as a fundamental part of his campaign. Mr Fouhy argued that many New Zealanders desired a clear stand on controversial social and political issues, suggesting that politicians had neglected their responsibility to acknowledge a higher moral authority, namely God. At 67 years old, Mr Fouhy, who is a developer by profession, expressed his belief that the moral decay and complex problems facing New Zealand could not be resolved through traditional means such as political analysis or economic policies. Instead, he asserted that the key to true change lay in a cultural shift towards spirituality and a heartfelt commitment to God. He critiqued contemporary notions of freedom, stating that it had been distorted into a justification for permissive social laws. He insisted that true freedom involved the choice to follow God's commandments. In his campaign, Mr Fouhy pledged to oppose practices he viewed as immoral, such as abortion, homosexuality, and the introduction of sex education in schools. He described abortion as a form of foeticide, deeming the act of ending a viable pregnancy as an ""ugly"" practice that undermined the essence of humanity. Regarding homosexuality, he called for existing laws to be upheld and tightened, warning that the acceptance of homosexuality could lead to societal destruction. He was equally critical of proposals for sex education, suggesting that they stemmed from ignorance and only exacerbated the very issues they aimed to address. Overall, Mr Fouhy's campaign platform highlighted a desire for moral guidance and a call for New Zealand to reconnect with foundational Christian values. He encouraged individuals to reflect on their choices and to seek redemption and virtue in their lives, framing his candidacy as a vital step towards restoring these principles within the political landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741028_2_175.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741028.2.175,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,152107200
4597,29,10,1974,"New View On Homosexuals (Press, 29 October 1974)","On 29 October 1974, the Associated Churches of Christ conference held in Nelson made a significant resolution regarding homosexuality. This new decision reversed a stance taken by the conference in 1968, which advocated for the prompt changing of laws making homosexual acts in private between consenting males illegal. The recent conference expressed a shift in focus, emphasising the need to explore ways to assist homosexuals rather than solely pushing for legal reform. Members were encouraged to engage in a deeper study of the issues surrounding homosexuality, including the implications of moral judgement, the need for medical research, and potential law reforms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741029_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741029.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,152193600
7421,05,11,1974,"Single-sex Schools (Press, 5 November 1974)","A recent exchange in letters highlights divergent views on single-sex education, focusing on its implications for adolescent development. B. H. Whitaker argues against the rationale behind single-sex schooling, noting that adolescence is marked by significant physiological and psychological changes, especially concerning sexuality. Whitaker posits that isolating students during this critical developmental stage could exacerbate anxieties and curiosities around sexual relationships rather than addressing them in healthy ways. He stresses that morality and sexual behaviour are influenced by complex social factors, suggesting that a segregated educational system is out of touch with the evolving, often bisexual, dynamics of contemporary society. He questions the conservatism of single-sex institutions in adapting to the rapid changes within social environments. In contrast, another writer, C.F., defends single-sex schools, arguing that they contribute to the personal satisfaction and development of students. C.F. suggests that removing these schools would hinder intellectual and cultural growth for certain groups. They assert that negative attitudes associated with distorted behaviours stem from individual backgrounds rather than the educational setting itself. C.F. implies that maintaining single-sex schools could provide a safer environment for adolescents navigating their complexities during turbulent times, particularly for those with problematic attitudes. The letters reflect broader societal debates in 1974 over the efficacy and relevance of single-sex education in a changing cultural landscape, especially concerning the burgeoning awareness and attitudes towards sexuality among young people.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741105_2_122_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741105.2.122.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,152794800
4008,14,11,1974,"Gay Nazis—a Group That Irritates Almost Everyone (Press, 14 November 1974)","A news article published on 14 November 1974 by Charles Foley from the Observer Foreign News Service discusses the challenges faced by Nazi groups in contemporary America, particularly in California. It paints a picture of how members of these extremist groups face societal backlash, including ridicule, protests, and attempts to outlaw their symbols and uniforms. Despite this, those aligned with Nazi ideologies persist, maintaining beliefs in racial purity and anti-Semitism. The article highlights a peculiar development in California: the emergence of a Gay Nazi party called the National Socialist League (NSL), which claims to represent gay Aryans. This group publishes a monthly magazine, ""Kampfruf,"" and asserts that homosexuals have an important role in the fight to preserve what they see as civilisational values. They express dissatisfaction with the direction of the Gay Liberation movement, which they believe has shifted too far to the left. The NSL also claims membership from various states across the country and has received support from abroad. Their literature contains a blend of anti-black and anti-Semitic rhetoric, and the group boasts of having instilled fear among their opponents simply by existing and announcing their presence. Interestingly, the traditional Nazi factions, such as the National Socialist White People’s Party, have rebuffed the NSL, labeling them as “sick people” and asserting that true National Socialism opposes homosexuality. This contradiction reflects the internal conflict within Nazi circles regarding gay rights. The article records past instances where traditional Nazis have publicly rallied in California, often resulting in clashes with counter-protesters. Notably, police officer Sandra Silva, who is associated with the Nazi party, stirred controversy by attending school board meetings to monitor racial issues, invoking significant public outrage. Despite these incidents, the legality of Nazi uniforms and expressions of such ideologies remains protected under the U.S. Constitution. Officials, including the American Civil Liberties Union, have indicated that banning such symbols could infringe on constitutional rights. The assertion made by various individuals within these groups echoes their desire to return to a time of overt racial segregation and control. Their predictions suggest a belief in impending societal collapse, with provocative claims about racial dynamics. Overall, the article documents a complex landscape where extremist ideologies grapple with societal rejection, internal contradictions, and legal protections, illustrating the tensions inherent in American discourse on race, politics, and identity in the 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741114_2_184.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741114.2.184,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,153572400
4598,15,11,1974,"Later Start For Parliament (Press, 15 November 1974)","On 15 November 1974, it was reported that the New Zealand Parliament is not expected to reconvene until after 27 March 1975. A formal Gazette notice issued by Prime Minister Mr Rowling announced the cancellation of Parliament's sessions until that date, with the expectation that a state of emergency would be required to alter this plan. In the previous years, Parliament had opened earlier; in 1974 the session began on 4 February and in 1973 it commenced on 14 February, following commitments made by former Prime Minister Mr Kirk to convene Parliament in early February. Mr Rowling has expressed doubts about calling Parliament back into session before March due to plans for an extensive overseas trip in February. While specific itinerary details remain unconfirmed, he is anticipated to visit Japan, Britain, and potentially other European Economic Community (E.E.C.) countries. With no formal parliamentary sittings scheduled for February, Members of Parliament (M.P.s) are likely to focus on committee sittings during the month. Currently, there are 21 public bills being considered by Select Committees, along with seven local bills. Among the public bills are significant proposals covering a range of issues, including homosexual law reform, motor vehicle dealer regulations, education, riverbank rights, the Treaty of Waitangi, preservation of historic places and antiquities, petroleum prospecting, mining, drug misuse, and expanded powers for the Ombudsman. Furthermore, special committees dedicated to women's rights and road safety are also expected to convene and produce reports during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741115_2_196.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741115.2.196,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,153658800
4009,27,11,1974,"Official Support For Homosexual Bill (Press, 27 November 1974)","On 27 November 1974, Mr G. S. Orr, the Secretary for Justice, presented a compelling case to a parliamentary select committee advocating for the legalisation of private homosexual acts between consenting adult males. His submission was part of a review of the Crimes Amendment Bill, which proposes to amend existing laws on homosexuality. Mr Orr argued that the case for legalisation was stronger than the justification for maintaining current prohibitions, emphasising that his conclusions were not a commentary on the moral character of homosexual behaviour. He highlighted that the existing law was ""inhumane"" and caused suffering for homosexuals, who lived under the threat of exposure and prosecution. He mentioned that the harm attributed to homosexual acts was not greater than that posed by other forms of conduct, including adultery, which is not considered a criminal offence. Additionally, Mr Orr pointed out that the law might encourage homosexuals to enter heterosexual marriages as a method of concealment, leading to unhappy unions. Mr Orr also addressed claims that men engaged in homosexual relationships are likely to become involved with children, stating that such assertions lacked substantiation. He acknowledged past cases but reaffirmed that penalties for offences against children needed to be stringent, as proposed in the bill. Furthermore, he argued against the application of criminal law to enforce societal morality, noting that many common disapproved activities, like excessive drinking, remain legal. He dismissed fears that legalising homosexual acts would suggest societal endorsement of immorality, cautioning against identifying legality with morality. The submission also discussed the significant prevalence of blackmail within the homosexual community, as individuals faced the risk of prosecution if they reported crimes against them. Mr Orr noted that this issue had contributed to tragic outcomes, including suicides. The New Zealand Psychological Society indicated that efforts to change sexual orientation via therapy have seen limited success. The society recommended reducing the age of consent, currently set at 21, to 18, in line with voting eligibility. Additionally, various organisations, including the National Council for Civil Liberties, supported lowering the age of consent to 16, aligning it with heterosexual acts, asserting that the state should not interfere in the private lives of citizens. Criticism arose regarding proposed harsher penalties for child molestation, which some believed inappropriately equated it with consensual homosexual acts. Father Felix Donnelly, a Roman Catholic priest, argued for the separation of homosexuality from child molestation, advocating for psychiatric treatment over increased penalties. Submissions from the New Zealand Sociological Association suggested a complete rewrite of sexual offence legislation to standardise terminology in relation to adults and children. The Deputy Police Commissioner reiterated the police's neutral stance, refraining from expressing opinions on the bill's principles. The committee received numerous submissions, with significant public interest anticipated in discussions with Gay Liberation groups and community standards advocates scheduled for subsequent sessions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741127_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741127.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,154695600
7013,27,11,1974,"Spectacular Study Of Under-sea Life (Press, 27 November 1974)","On 27 November 1974, a documentary titled “Islands of the Friendly Fishes” was showcased, revealing an in-depth exploration of marine life around the Poor Knights Islands. Produced by New Zealanders Jan and Wade Doak, alongside marine scientist Dr Walter Starck, the film provided a captivating account of the diverse and tame fish inhabiting these waters. It captured not only the variety of fish species but also their interactions with each other and with humans. Dr Starck effectively communicated his scientific insights, making the documentary both educational and engaging. The film featured simple yet revealing experiments, including placing a male parrotfish in a plastic bag within another male's territory to observe the subsequent reactions. The underwater cinematography was praised for its clarity, avoiding murky visuals, and it included remarkable elements such as a fish changing sex and stunning footage of black coral formations. The documentary concluded with a light-hearted scene, showcasing a jam session within one of the island's caves. Ultimately, the film advocated for the establishment of a marine park encompassing the Poor Knights and its surrounding waters. In another programme, ""Country Matters,"" the play “Crippled Bloom” by A. E. Coppard was staged, which examined themes of human emotion and jealousy. It featured an explicit love scene between the characters Potter and Nan, which, while integral to the narrative, was noted for its lengthy depiction due to camera constraints. Actress Pauline Collins made a welcomed return as the character Ruby, recalling her earlier acclaimed performance in “Upstairs, Downstairs.” The news segment also touched on the programme “Nationwide,” which first faced criticism due to an unproductive interview with a Cook Islander but later regained credibility through its thorough coverage of the Young Nationals’ conference at Curious Cove. The conference highlighted shifts in political thought within the party, featuring insights from Gavin Muldoon, the son of prominent politician Mr Rob Muldoon. He presented himself as a more liberal voice, advocating for better living conditions in prisons, contrasting with the traditional views of his father. The item offered a balanced perspective, including various opinions on the political direction of the party.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741127_2_30_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741127.2.30.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,154695600
4010,28,11,1974,"Rise In V.d. And Indiscipline Feared From... (Press, 28 November 1974)","On 28 November 1974, a report emerged from Wellington regarding the ongoing discussions in Parliament surrounding the proposed Crimes Amendment Bill, which sought to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males. The Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, led by Miss Patricia Bartlett, raised significant concerns about the implications of legalising homosexuality. They argued that such a change could lead to a rise in homosexual venereal diseases and a decline in discipline and societal order. The society claimed that homosexuals were incapable of maintaining stable relationships and would instead engage in promiscuity. Miss Bartlett warned that legalisation would create a permissive environment in institutions such as the Armed Forces, prisons, and educational facilities, potentially turning these places into hotspots for homosexual activities. She articulated fears that homosexual officers might exert influence over subordinates, leading to coercive situations detrimental to discipline within the military. In addition, the society challenged the bill’s intention to equalise the legal treatment of male and female homosexuals and suggested that offences connected to homosexuality should be treated uniformly across genders. They emphasised the need for stringent measures against child molestation and proposed establishing counselling clinics for homosexuals while advocating for the retention of current prison penalties related to homosexual acts. Further, Miss Bartlett called for limitations on the public visibility of homosexual advocacy, suggesting that groups promoting homosexual law reform should be banned from schools and educational institutions. The society advocated for prohibitions on homosexual literature and the promotion of homosexual rights, arguing that legalising such acts would erode the institution of marriage and threaten societal stability. Contrastingly, submissions from various Gay Liberation groups pointed to the welfare of homosexuals rather than merely the legalisation of their acts. Representatives from these groups sought to address social oppression and aimed to educate the public about homosexuality, countering the notion that it was a rare occurrence in New Zealand. They proposed that the age of consent for homosexual acts be lowered to 16 and argued that child molestation should not be conflated with homosexuality. Amidst these discussions, members of the Police Association echoed a need for a revised age of consent if changes were to occur, and they suggested that legal definitions regarding privacy and consent needed careful consideration. The dialogue in Parliament highlighted the sharp contrasts between conservative perspectives prioritising social order and protection of traditional family values, and progressive views advocating for the rights and acceptance of homosexual individuals. The debates revealed a society grappling with changing attitudes towards homosexuality, illustrating the polarized opinions on this contentious issue.","Society for Promotion of Community Standards; Patricia Bartlett",https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741128_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741128.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,154782000
4599,30,11,1974,"Familiar Ring About Thursday’s Fare (Press, 30 November 1974)","On 30 November 1974, a television review highlighted various programmes that seemed repetitive or familiar to viewers. Notably, the repeat screening of the All Blacks' match against a Welsh XV was one such example. Another show, ""Coronation Street,"" was critiqued for recycling familiar themes, specifically the storyline of stolen property with a typical suspect, Hilda Ogden. Despite Ogden flaunting a wad of cash, viewers were led to believe she could be dismissed as guilty, and the reviewer suggested it would be refreshing if the chief suspect was genuinely the culprit for a change. While the transition to colour improved the show's aesthetics, new characters did not generate excitement, and the old ones seemed drained from trying to breathe life into repetitious scripts. Similarly, ""The World at War"" presented yet another episode on Japan's journey during World War II, revisiting already discussed events with a focus on the country's attitudes toward war, including the extreme dedication of kamikaze pilots. Although it revisited familiar territory, the documentary still provided valuable insight. In the programme ""Nationwide,"" the focus on homosexuality reignited predictable discussions dominated by host Patricia Bartlett's rigid stance. Her lack of empathy towards the homosexual community was highlighted, where she insisted they practice celibacy, drawing criticism for her uncompromising attitude. Although co-host David Beatson attempted to challenge her on various points, she managed to evade truly confronting questions. Among the evening's broadcast highlights was Archie Bunker, a character known for his inflexible views, who provided comedic relief while trapped in a cellar with a bottle of vodka. As he navigated his predicament, Bunker’s humorous insights culminated in a memorable moment when he mistook a black passer-by for a divine encounter. This segment was noted as a standout amidst the otherwise monotonous evening of television. Overall, the review reflected on the repetitiveness of the evening's offerings, suggesting a need for more creativity and fresh narratives in television programming.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741130_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741130.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,154954800
4600,02,12,1974,"Full Frontal Prudery (Press, 2 December 1974)","On 2 December 1974, a series of letters to the editor appeared in ""The Press"" concerning an earlier article titled ""Full frontal prudery."" The article had sparked significant debate among readers, with some applauding its satirical approach, while others expressed strong disapproval. One letter, from a writer identified as G. S. O., praised John Collins for his satirical wit, suggesting that his contributions were among the finest seen in the newspaper for over a century. The writer referenced Sam Butler's historical warnings about societal decadence, implying that Collins' work was similarly critical of prevailing attitudes. Conversely, another correspondent, who signed off as ""ALSO CONCERNED,"" countered the first letter by suggesting that the original critic with the “quasi-satirical outburst” was reacting defensively, indicating a possible jolt to their conscience. This writer believed the article had done more to promote understanding for the homosexual community than many petitions could achieve, calling for a response that prioritised justice without condemning either side. Another letter writer, J. Naber, expressed discontent with the article, which he believed was directed at Patricia Bartlett following her television interview. Naber accused the newspaper of failing to support those protecting children from perceived corruption and stated their intention to cancel their subscription due to the article's content. John W. Peters also submitted a letter criticising the publication of the article. He felt it mocked those who strive to uphold and enhance moral and spiritual standards, thereby silencing the ""silent majority"" who disapprove of immoral behaviour. Peters stated that he would align himself with the ""prudes,"" emphasising his concern for the long-term effects of societal decadence. The editor concluded the correspondence by indicating that the discussion on the topic had reached its closure. This exchange reflects a significant divide in opinions on morality, humour, and social issues within the community at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741202_2_115_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741202.2.115.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,155127600
6869,07,12,1974,"Magistrate's Court Six Months Imprisonment On... (Press, 7 December 1974)","On 7 December 1974, the Magistrate's Court dealt with several significant cases involving burglary, assault, and other criminal offences. Kevin Edward Butson, a 20-year-old milk hand, was sentenced to six months' imprisonment for three burglary offences and unlawfully taking a car. The presiding magistrate, Mr K. H. J. Headifen, indicated a firm stance against Butson's continued offending, considering his prior criminal record, which included probation and Borstal training. Alistair Hemi Karaka, aged 18, faced Borstal training and a one-year driving disqualification due to his involvement in two burglary charges and unlawfully taking a vehicle. The magistrate noted Karaka's repeated opportunities to reform and his decision to continue offending. Another case involved Paul Ronald Tozer, 25, who pleaded guilty to making death threats against his wife. After a heated argument on 5 December, Tozer threatened to kill his wife during phone calls and physically assaulted her later that evening. He was remanded in custody until sentencing on 13 December. Four youths were remanded in custody without plea following charges of wilfully damaging property and weapons possession. Gary Reginald Baker, Warner Richard Scott, Norman Bruce Church, and Bryan Robert Darrell appeared in relation to an incident in Montreal Street. The magistrate denied bail due to their previous bail status. Robert Walker, 31, was remanded in custody without plea on a staggering 48 charges, primarily theft, involving stolen property valued over $3,000. In a separate case, Michael Robert David Mitchell, 43, received four months of periodic detention for physically abusing his three-year-old son over a telephone use incident. The child sustained visible injuries. Kevin Graham Archibald, 26, was fined $50 for assaulting his sister during a family dispute. The court heard that he had been involved in a physical altercation that resulted in her sustaining cuts and bruising. George Ronald Lynn, 21, faced multiple charges including possession of an unlicensed firearm and was remanded on bail until 13 December. Other cases included Rex Colvine, 19, who was fined for littering, Mary Jane Hammond, 19, who was remanded on a theft charge, and Phillip Vernon Bates, 17, who received a conviction regarding dishonestly obtained property. Alan Maher, 17, was convicted of assault and remanded on bail until sentencing. Brent Rory Coulston, 18, was remanded for unlawfully taking a vehicle. Paul Campbell George Fox, 19, was discharged without conviction for wilful damage but required to pay compensation. Lastly, Kevin Eric Robinson, 28, faced charges related to unlawfully taking a vehicle but was remanded on bail. This series of court cases highlighted ongoing issues with youth offending and domestic violence within the community, drawing attention to the criminal justice system's responses to such incidents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741207_2_185.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741207.2.185,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,155559600
4601,10,12,1974,"Sex Therapy Pioneer Hits At “quacks” (Press, 10 December 1974)","In December 1974, Charles Foley reported on the burgeoning sex therapy industry in the United States, which has seen a rapid increase in the number of clinics and treatment centres, now numbering around 5,000. This surge in availability marks a significant departure from just five years earlier, when discussing sexual issues was largely taboo, and individuals seeking help had limited options. Pioneering figures in the field, Dr William Masters and Virginia Johnson, expressed concern over the proliferation of these clinics, which they claim are predominantly staffed by incompetent individuals and outright frauds. According to Masters, the rise in sexual therapy has been driven primarily by profit motives, citing that many people seeking assistance are often exploited financially by these clinics, with rates starting at $25 an hour. Masters referred to a previous study he conducted, revealing that 70% of married couples experienced some level of sexual dysfunction. He had foreseen the potential for the field to devolve into a spectacle, laden with quack remedies and dubious practices, such as therapists encouraging sexual activities with clients under the guise of treatment. A disconcerting 85% of individuals seeking help at Masters and Johnson's clinic had reportedly previously sought help from other therapist entities, highlighting a growing dissatisfaction and danger in the industry. The article notes investigations by the New York Attorney General, which uncovered that many self-appointed therapists not only lacked credentials but could also pose a danger to their clients, leading to severe mental disturbances or, in some cases, suicide. Masters and Johnson feel frustrated that many clinics falsely claim to use their therapeutic methods, while in fact, they follow no formal protocol. Masters and Johnson began their work in human sexual dysfunction in 1959 after extensive research on sexual behaviour and malfunctions, which has helped numerous couples achieve sexual fulfilment over the years. Their two-week therapy program costs around $2,500, and while they once employed sex partners for treatment, they ceased that practice four years prior due to legal challenges. In the article, Dr Benjamin Graber, a physician from Los Angeles, echoed Masters's sentiments about the need for professional standards in the industry, especially in the face of numerous dubious clinics that exploit vulnerable patients. With no legal framework to regulate sex therapy or establish minimum professional standards, the duo called for increased awareness from the public and the media regarding qualifications of therapists. They also urged the American Medical Association to convene a seminar aimed at establishing clinical standards and licensing laws to prevent further discrediting of legitimate therapeutic practices in the field of sexual health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741210_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741210.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,155818800
6581,10,12,1974,"Women Out To Fight ‘bias’ In The Media (Press, 10 December 1974)","In December 1974, the United Nations officially announced that 1975 would be designated as the “Year of Women.” This decision sparked a variety of reactions among men and women alike, with some questioning the necessity of a dedicated year for women's issues, while others expressed scepticism about the UN's commitment, especially given the limited budget allocated for it – only $400,000 compared to more significant amounts for other years focused on population and human rights. In response to these concerns, an international women’s conference was convened in Frankfurt, West Germany, attended by approximately 500 women from 14 countries. The conference served as a platform for discussing the ongoing struggle for equal rights, allowing participants to engage in collaborative discussions on diverse topics including legal issues, healthcare for women, wages for housework, media representation, lesbian politics, and motherhood. During the conference, there was a division of opinion regarding the recognition of 1975 as “Women’s Year.” Ultimately, attendees decided to communicate their reservations to the UN Secretary-General, suggesting that the UN should not attempt to monopolise the women's movement while questioning what meaningful outcomes could be expected without addressing fundamental issues affecting women. Despite their scepticism about the effectiveness of a designated year for women, many conference participants regarded it as an opportunity for increased visibility and a rallying point for their campaigns. One key focus was the upcoming parliamentary consideration of abortion laws in Italy, where women leaders highlighted their belief that women, most impacted by childbearing, should have the right to decide on such matters. There was similar concern in England and Germany regarding the issue of remuneration for housework, with advocates arguing that domestic work is a vital contribution to society deserving of recognition and compensation. Moreover, the conference addressed the need for women’s representation in the media, emphasizing that events relevant to women should be covered by female journalists to counteract biased portrayals. This move anticipated a trend for 1975, where only women reporters would be allowed at press conferences concerning women's events, aiming to foster a more accurate depiction of women’s experiences and issues. Delegates also expressed solidarity with women striving for equal rights in the workplace and highlighted the added burdens faced by mothers in fulfilling their family responsibilities. A unanimous resolution was made in support of women rejecting the traditional subservient roles imposed on them and those who opt to embrace alternative lifestyles, including living with other women. Despite societal labels such as ""lesbian,"" which carry negative connotations, participants left the conference feeling empowered and unified in their quest for gender equality, buoyed by a newfound sense of collective strength that extended beyond their individual countries to the global community of women and, for 1975, the support from the United Nations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741210_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741210.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,155818800
7916,21,12,1974,"Petitions On Standards (Press, 21 December 1974)","On 21 December 1974, reports emerged that two petitions, each with approximately 25,000 signatures, were set to be presented to New Zealand's Prime Minister, Mr. Rowling. The petitions, led by Miss Patricia Bartlett, the president of the Society for the Protection of Community Standards, expressed opposition to significant social changes. The first petition aimed to maintain the current legal age for the sale of contraceptives, arguing against any proposals to lower this age. The second petition was focused on film censorship, seeking to prevent any liberalisation of the existing regulations governing film content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741221_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741221.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,156769200
7917,24,12,1974,"Protest To P.m. Against Nudity (Press, 24 December 1974)","On 23 December 1974, a deputation from the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards met with New Zealand Prime Minister Mr. Rowling to express their concerns regarding nude scenes in three local television productions. The group presented two petitions during the meeting; one petition containing 24,180 signatures opposed the liberalisation of film censorship laws, while another with 27,440 signatures opposed providing contraceptives to children under the age of 16. The national secretary of the Society, Miss Patricia Bartlett, highlighted specific issues with three television programmes: a drama titled “Derek,” the final “Inquiry” programme of the year, and “The Longest Winter.” She criticized the “full frontal nudity” featured in the “Inquiry,” asserting that it was ""quite unnecessary."" Furthermore, she described a scene in “The Longest Winter” involving a naked woman getting out of bed as “gratuitous sex thrown in for good measure.” In addition to television content, Miss Bartlett raised concerns about a book available in New Zealand that she claimed resembled hard-core pornography. She reported that the Minister of Justice, Dr Finlay, had refused to refer the book to the Indecent Publications Tribunal, which sparked further dissatisfaction within the group. Although she did not disclose the title of the book, she expressed that it was the most explicit she had encountered. During the meeting, Prime Minister Rowling listened attentively to the views of the deputation and acknowledged that they represented a significant segment of the community. He expressed a desire to understand their perspectives on these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741224_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741224.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,157028400
4602,26,12,1974,"Alienated, They Say (Press, 26 December 1974)","The first international Gay Rights Congress concluded a five-day session in Edinburgh, adopting a significant motion advocating for greater understanding of homosexuals within the global church community. The motion highlighted the feelings of alienation experienced by homosexual individuals within Christian circles and asserted that homosexuality should not be deemed intrinsically evil. It emphasised that homosexual people are capable of forming full and loving relationships, urging churches to acknowledge this reality and to support homosexual individuals in experiencing life fully and faithfully. The congress called upon all churches to explore and consider the pastoral approaches taken by Dutch churches regarding homosexuality. It also recommended the establishment of an Anglican Church working party to address issues related to homosexuality and proposed the formation of a scholarship by the World Council of Churches aimed at studying sexual minorities. Spokesman G. V. Williams reported that the congress attracted between 350 and 400 delegates from over 20 countries, marking a significant gathering for the movement. Looking ahead, the next congress is scheduled to take place in Puerto Rico in the spring of 1976.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19741226_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19741226.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,157201200
4603,15,01,1975,"Members Of House To Inspect Prisons (Press, 15 January 1975)","On 14 January 1975, it was reported that the Statutes Revision Committee of the New Zealand Parliament is set to visit several prisons in February 1975 as part of its review of the prison system. The committee is considering two significant pieces of legislation: the Penal Institutions Amendment Bill and the Criminal Justice Amendment (No. 2) Bill. These bills aim to initiate changes within the existing prison framework. The committee's visits are scheduled for Auckland on 12 February and Christchurch on 18 February, where it will also take submissions regarding these bills in addition to the Property Law Amendment Bill. The Property Law Amendment Bill seeks to establish clear codes of conduct for landlords and tenants. The committee plans to inspect various institutions, including Waikune, Hautu, Rangipo, and Wellington. Alongside this, other select committees will be convening to discuss various legislative matters. Notably, the committee reviewing Mr V. S. Young's Crimes Amendment Bill, which proposes the legalisation of private consensual homosexual acts between adult males, will resume hearings in Wellington on 11 February. On the same day, the Māori Affairs Committee will begin considering the Antiquities and Historic Places Amendment Bill. Additionally, the Labour Committee will review the Shipping and Seamen Amendment Bill. These committees are expected to meet regularly throughout the remainder of January. Further scheduled hearings include those by the Education Committee, which will discuss the Education Amendment Bills No. 4 and 5, and the Commerce and Mining Committee, which will address the Petroleum Amendment Bill No. 2 and the Dealers’ Amendment Bill. Additionally, a sub-committee under the Public Expenditure Committee, led by Mr M. R. Smith, will convene on 13 February to investigate issues related to wharf pillaging. This series of discussions and inspections signifies a proactive approach by Parliament to address various legislative concerns and improve governance and social issues in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750115_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750115.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,158929200
4604,18,01,1975,"Sex-dissuader Drug Being Tested In Chch (Press, 18 January 1975)","New Zealand doctors are currently conducting tests on a pill known to reduce sexual drive, specifically targeting individuals with a history of sexual offences. The drug, cyprosterone, commonly referred to by its trade name Androcur, has been used internationally to control the sexual urges of rapists and sex offenders. The hopes surrounding this drug are significant, with advocates suggesting it could potentially allow for the release of some sex offenders from prisons and mental health institutions without posing a risk to the community. In Christchurch, two leading specialists including a psychiatrist have been administering the drug in select cases involving sexual offences, with results expected to be published soon. The Medical Research Council in New Zealand has given the green light for these tests, which aim to support a future application for the drug’s approval from the Health Department for marketing within the country. Androcur is already accessible in Britain as part of the National Health Scheme. The drug has been developed by the West German pharmaceutical company Schering, which has expressed optimism for its initial use among hospital specialists prior to broader distribution. Recent voluntary tests conducted on inmates at Wormwood Scrubs prison in Britain indicated that the drug effectively helps prevent repeat offences in approximately 80 percent of cases. Its efficacy spans various forms of sexual misconduct, including indecent assault, exhibitionism, incest, child molestation, and homosexual assaults. Psychiatrists involved in the research suggest that if Androcur proves effective, the reliance on incarceration for those convicted of such offences may decrease. This could potentially allow for the conditional release of some patients currently held in institutions, leading to considerable taxpayer savings through reduced costs associated with long-term incarceration. Overall, the ongoing trials in New Zealand reflect a growing interest in utilising pharmacological interventions to manage recidivism among sexual offenders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750118_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750118.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,159188400
4605,22,01,1975,"Offences ’overdone' (Press, 22 January 1975)","On 20 January 1975, Dr J. L. Robson, the head of the school of criminology at Victoria University, made a significant recommendation at the 46th Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science (A.N.Z.A.A.S.) congress held at the Australian National University in Canberra. He suggested that various minor crimes should be removed from the legal system to enable police and justice authorities to focus their efforts on more serious criminal activities. Dr Robson identified specific offences that he believed should be abolished, including homosexual acts between consenting adults, drunkenness, and several statutory violations such as trading after hours. He argued that removing these minor offences would not lead to an increase in their occurrence, asserting that the existing legal framework often complicates the role of law enforcement and judicial systems. In his address, he emphasized that while laws must ensure that the public feels reasonably protected from wrongdoing, the current approach to criminalising a wide range of behaviours might be excessive. Dr Robson's insights prompt a discussion on the necessity of certain laws and the potential benefits of a legal system that prioritises serious crime over minor offences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750122_2_189.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750122.2.189,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,159534000
4606,25,01,1975,"Spy Tells Of Sex Hold By K.g.b. (Press, 25 January 1975)","John Vassal, a former British diplomat, has released an autobiography detailing his coerced involvement as a Communist spy for the Soviet Union. His book, “The Autobiography of a Spy,” published on 24 January 1975, reveals that he was manipulated into espionage after being threatened by Soviet agents with exposure as a homosexual. Vassal, whose father was a clergyman, was stationed at the British Embassy in Moscow where he was entangled in a situation at a homosexual party. There, he was secretly photographed and subsequently blackmailed by the K.G.B., the Soviet secret police, to cooperate with them. For seven years, Vassal provided intelligence, first by spying on his own embassy and later sharing naval secrets upon his return to London, where he worked at the Admiralty. His espionage activities ended with his arrest in 1962, leading to an 18-year prison sentence. Vassal managed to serve 10 years before his release, during which he has now planned to open an antique store using the proceeds from his autobiography. At 57 years old, Vassal describes his journey as that of a “perfect fall guy,” highlighting the degree to which the K.G.B. exploited his vulnerabilities. He noted that British security services had failed to uncover his sexual orientation, making him an easy target for manipulation. The K.G.B. used lavish dinners and friendly overtures to draw him in, ultimately subjecting him to threats of exposure that led him deeper into a web of espionage. Vassal recounted that he was drugged, leaving him confused and vulnerable to manipulation, marking the beginning of his forced cooperation with the K.G.B. Initially, his superiors sought general information, but demands gradually escalated to specific documents, particularly following his employment at the Admiralty. At one point, he contemplated suicide but was prevented from doing so by the K.G.B., indicating the extent of their control over him. Despite the trauma of his experiences, Vassal expressed some reluctance about his captors, referring to them as sophisticated and indicating they did not embarrass him during their interactions. When he was finally arrested, he initially thought he might simply be transferred elsewhere, but instead, he faced a lengthy prison sentence. During his incarceration, he found solace in growing strawberries, a small act of normality amid the extraordinary circumstances of his life as a spy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750125_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750125.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,159793200
4607,30,01,1975,"Homosexual M.p.s Still Active In U.k. Politics,... (Press, 30 January 1975)","In his recently published autobiography, John Vassall, a former Admiralty spy imprisoned for espionage in the 1960s, disclosed that two unnamed Members of Parliament (M.P.s), with whom he had close ties while working for the K.G.B., remain prominent figures in British politics today. Speaking in an interview with ""The Times,"" Vassall noted that both politicians, contrary to popular belief that they are affiliated with the Labour Party, are actually Conservative M.P.s. One has been appointed to the House of Lords, while the other continues to serve in the Commons. Vassall, now 50, described his relationships with the M.P.s, revealing that one had spent the night at his flat, and both had taken him out on separate occasions. He recounted that these politicians were curious about each other's sexuality and mentioned that one of them had developed a friendship with a Communist diplomat, who often invited him to social events. Vassall warned this M.P. about potential risks but claimed his advice was largely ignored. Vassall suggested that the nature of their activities put both M.P.s at risk of being susceptible to bribery from foreign intelligence agencies, a concern he expressed as he reflected on their connections. He explained that their friendship had begun after one of the M.P.s received his phone number from someone at a homosexual party held abroad, which Vassall did not attend. Following his arrest outside the Admiralty in 1962, Vassall underwent extensive interrogation by British intelligence over a six-month period. He alleged that there were vulnerable homosexuals in senior government roles, some of whom had access to sensitive information. During the interviews, which he described as surprisingly insightful, it became clear to him that his psychological profile, including his insecurities and sexuality, was better understood by his K.G.B. interrogators than by British security officials. Vassall now leads a quiet life in a West Sussex cottage under an assumed identity. After spending time in a Roman Catholic monastery and doing casual work, he currently works as a researcher for a London company, with only the managing director aware of his real identity. Despite the challenges of reintegration into civilian life after a decade in prison, he expressed a lingering affinity for Russian life, hinting at the allure of possibly returning to Russia. He reflected on the excitement he felt there, stating that he sensed something always happening, contrasting it with his current existence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750130_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750130.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,160225200
7057,10,02,1975,"Marilyn’s Mysterious Death In Dance (Press, 10 February 1975)","The world premiere of the ballet ""Marilyn,"" choreographed by Adam Darius, took place at London's Arts Theatre Club and has reignited speculation surrounding the death of actress Marilyn Monroe. The ballet features dancers impersonating Presidents John F. Kennedy and his brother Robert, portraying a flirtatious dance with Monroe before depicting a scene where Robert appears to administer a fatal injection to her. The performance, which lasts 1 hour and 40 minutes without an interval, opens with Monroe in a dramatic position near a telephone, evidently in the throes of death. The narrative unfolds through her reflections on pivotal moments from her life, including her troubled childhood marked by her mother's institutionalisation, her relationships with her three husbands, and the pressures of her fame as a sex symbol. These themes are expressed through a blend of choreography and recorded music, complemented occasionally by Monroe's voice. Tessa Bill-Yeald, a 22-year-old London dancer, received acclaim for her portrayal of Monroe, donning a simple white dress reminiscent of the actress's iconic film appearances while demonstrating remarkable charm and skill. Comic relief is provided by a drag queen impersonating Monroe, alongside various musical acts. However, the ballet also ventures into contentious territory with a scene featuring four hooded male dancers amidst a Gregorian chant, which may be perceived as provocative. The climax of the performance reveals Monroe amidst figures clad in black and white robes, culminating in a powerful display accompanying the hymn ""Glory, Glory, Alleluia."" Although Darius's choreography leans towards competence rather than innovation, both he and Bill-Yeald received a warm reception on opening night, attended by celebrated figures including Dame Alicia Markova. The programme includes a letter from film producer Robert Slatzer, who presents twenty reasons supporting the theory that Monroe was murdered, a theory that Darius also hints at in his introduction, drawing parallels with the cover-ups surrounding the Chappaquiddick incident and Watergate. Notably, ""Marilyn"" signifies Darius's return to choreography after previously establishing himself as a dancer and authoring an autobiography titled ""Dance Naked in the Sun"" in the previous year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750210_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750210.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,161175600
4608,11,02,1975,"Doctors Destroy Sex And Drug Details In Files (Press, 11 February 1975)","On 10 February 1975, it was reported that numerous government and private medical files, which contained sensitive information about sex and drug-related cases, had been destroyed by medical professionals in Hamilton. This action stemmed from concerns following a police raid on the Remuera abortion clinic. Medical sources revealed that fears about potential interventions by police or government investigators had prompted some doctors and researchers to adopt special coding systems to protect patient identities. The apprehension surrounding the security of confidential files has allegedly led to some patients being more hesitant to seek assistance for issues related to drugs or sexual problems. In the previous September, police had seized approximately 400 medical files from the Auckland Medical Aid Centre; however, these files were returned after a ruling by the Court of Appeal deemed the search warrant invalid. Despite this, detectives are continuing their investigations using photocopies of those files. Medical sources from Hamilton indicated that in one case, sensitive information from over 40 medical files kept in a government office had been destroyed due to fears that it might end up in the wrong hands. Some of this information was deemed to be particularly incriminating. A psychologist mentioned that they had burned numerous files to safeguard sensitive material, including details about patient issues like homosexuality, noting that some patients are well-known figures in the community. Dr William Temple, the chairman of the Advancement of Behaviour Therapy Association in Hamilton, highlighted ongoing concerns regarding the confidentiality of medical files. He noted that there is a prevailing sense of caution among association members, many of whom are now uncertain about the status of their records. As a result, he expressed a preference for destroying files once they have served their purpose rather than keeping them. Dr G. C. R. Hay, the national president of the Medical Association of New Zealand, underscored the importance of maintaining absolute confidentiality between doctors and patients. Prior to the police raid on the Remuera clinic, he had raised the issue of confidentiality with the government, emphasising that it is critical for effective communication. He stated that patients must trust that the information they share will remain confidential, as this trust is essential for medical professionals to obtain necessary information pertaining to their patients' health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750211_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750211.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,161262000
4610,12,02,1975,"""Gay Lib” Scores Civil Rights Victory In L.a. (Press, 12 February 1975)","On 12 February 1975, a notable development occurred in Los Angeles as it appointed its first openly homosexual official responsible for addressing gay community issues. This appointment, made by County Supervisor Edward Edelman, came amid a broader movement for gay civil rights and signifies a shift in the political landscape as candidates began to recognise the potential electoral power of the gay community. This trend has been supported by key electoral successes among candidates who campaigned on issues pertinent to gay rights, such as the Los Angeles City Attorney Burt Pines and Sheriff Richard Hongisto, who advocated for the treatment of homosexuals as equal citizens. Despite this progress, the appointment faced backlash from Los Angeles Police Chief Ed Davis, who has held a long-standing disdain for the homosexual community, describing them as “sick felons.” Nonetheless, the new appointee, Dave Glascock, is set to receive an annual salary of $12,000 as he takes on the responsibilities of liaising with the gay community. The recognition of the healthcare and social services provided by gay groups has also been acknowledged, with federal and state agencies granting over one million dollars to Los Angeles's Gay Community Services Centre. The report discusses the evolving dynamics within the gay liberation movement, which has seen some of its more radical factions express concern that leaders are compromising principles in pursuit of establishment acceptance. The Gay Activists Alliance now boasts 1,400 affiliated groups, representing diverse political opinions, and the movement has gained traction in numerous cities by enacting anti-discrimination laws regarding employment. Prominent figures within the movement, such as author Christopher Isherwood, highlighted the historical plight of homosexuals and the resilience of their existence, indicating that efforts towards equality will only continue to grow. Nevertheless, general public sentiment remains resistant, with significant portions of Middle America sharing Chief Davis's negative views on homosexuality. Current laws protecting gay rights have been implemented in various cities, but they impact only a fraction of the estimated ten to twenty million homosexuals in the United States, indicating that substantial barriers still exist. The National Gay Task Force's Ron Gold suggests that only through sustained advocacy can the perception of homosexuality shift, noting that “gayness will be the last barrier to fall.” Progress has been made, especially after the American Psychiatric Association declassified homosexuality as a mental disorder, resulting in increased visibility and acceptance among professionals in various fields.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750212_2_170.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750212.2.170,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,161348400
4609,12,02,1975,"Homosexual Bill Pleases Reform Group (Press, 12 February 1975)","On 11 February 1975, the Crimes Amendment Bill, proposed by Mr V. S. Young from the National Party, received support from the Homosexual Law Reform Society in Wellington. The bill aims to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private, although the society expressed concerns that the legislation might not fully reflect recent developments in the understanding of homosexuality. The society recommended that the age of consent should be aligned with the age of majority, suggesting it be set at 20 years. They referenced the Netherlands, where the common age of consent for both heterosexual and homosexual acts is 16. The Homosexual Law Reform Society highlighted that since their petition to Parliament six years earlier, there has been a growing acceptance of male homosexuals as individuals deserving of dignity and respect. They argued that this recognition stems from increased knowledge rather than a decline in moral standards. The society refuted fears that legal reform might lead to public displays of homosexuality or cause heterosexual individuals to change their sexual inclinations, deeming such concerns unscientific and politically unrealistic. They contended that the removal of legal barriers would diminish the perceived need for pressure groups advocating for homosexual rights. Addressing the apprehension that legalisation could lead to an increase in child molestation, the society clarified that this issue does not pertain specifically to homosexuals. Dr D. L. Matheson, a member of the society, remarked that while there may be a small subset of homosexuals with an interest in boys, the majority are not. Thus, he stressed that the homosexual community is diverse and cannot be categorised as a single entity. The New Zealand branch of the Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists also weighed in on the discussion, suggesting that the psychological adjustment and treatment of homosexuals have been adversely affected by societal attitudes. They noted a slow but positive increase in societal acceptance of homosexuals and advocated for reforms in the laws governing consensual homosexual acts, asserting that such changes would aid in normalising the lives of homosexual individuals. Collectively, these viewpoints reflect a growing recognition of the need for progress in the legal and social treatment of homosexuals in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750212_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750212.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,161348400
4611,13,02,1975,"Homosexual Law Reform Seen As Compassionate Move (Press, 13 February 1975)","On 12 February 1975, the Association of Probation Officers provided submissions to a Parliamentary Select Committee discussing Mr V. S. Young’s Crimes Amendment Bill, which aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting males over the age of 21 in private. The association, representing nearly 150 probation officers, voiced that the arrest, trial, and sentencing of a homosexual individual, who otherwise leads a law-abiding life, could have devastating consequences. They highlighted that such legal repercussions could obliterate career opportunities, undermine personal goals, and complicate social contributions. The proposal to reform the law also includes extending the maximum penalty for sexually molesting boys under 16 from 10 to 14 years. The probation officers argued that adult homosexuals who engage only with consenting adults pose little threat to society, adding that the suffering caused by maintaining criminal sanctions is disproportionate. They expressed concern about the ongoing harsh penalties for consensual sexual activity among minors, emphasising that it is unlikely that reform would lead to more instances of such molestation. They noted that society is ready to accept homosexuals with a compassionate understanding but does not necessarily encourage homosexuality. Among other submissions, the Rev. I. D. Borrie of the Student Christian Movement controversially suggested that Jesus Christ might have been a homosexual, asserting that His relationship dynamics were primarily with men. In contrast, the Most Rev. R. J. Delargey, the Roman Catholic Metropolitan of New Zealand, insisted that laws should reflect the standards of social morality. He warned against abolishing laws that govern social morality simply to assist individuals, stressing that such changes could lead to societal confusion. Opponents of the bill included the Anglican Evangelical Fellowship, which warned that legalising private homosexual acts could undermine the concept of Christian marriage and lead society into moral decline. The Assemblies of God stated that legal sanctioning of homosexuality would invite divine judgment upon New Zealand, promoting the view that compassion should focus on rehabilitation rather than legalising what they see as sinful behaviour. The Anglican Committee on Public and Social Affairs expressed support for the bill’s principle, acknowledging diverging Christian opinions on the issue, while the Presbyterian Church's committee remarked that existing laws are based on prejudice and maintain that homosexuals, although deemed abnormal, do not represent a societal threat. The Methodist Church also backed the legislation, articulating that it would help rectify an injustice faced by a misunderstood minority. They argued that morality should not be conflated with legality, as many acts deemed immoral, such as adultery, are not criminalised. The Student Christian Movement and the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) echoed this support for the bill, further highlighting the complex interplay of morality, legality, and societal acceptance regarding homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750213_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750213.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,161434800
4011,15,02,1975,"Gay Lib. Meeting (Press, 15 February 1975)","Gay Liberation is set to organise its fourth national conference at Victoria University during the Easter holidays. The primary objectives of the conference include raising awareness about the rights of homosexuals and formulating strategies to eliminate prejudice against the LGBTQ+ community. This initiative signifies a continuing effort to promote equality and affirm the rights of homosexual individuals in society. The conference is expected to draw attention to the challenges faced by the community and foster discussions on progressive solutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750215_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750215.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,161607600
4612,27,02,1975,"'A Step Nearer Equality' (Press, 27 February 1975)","On 26 February 1975, the University Students' Association expressed its views on the Crimes Amendment Bill before the Select Committee, highlighting significant inconsistencies within the legislation, particularly regarding homosexual behaviour. The association acknowledged that while the bill addressed some aspects of equality and social justice by making sanctions against male homosexual activities less severe, it still retained notable anomalies. One of the primary concerns raised was the disparity in ages of consent between male and female homosexual relations. The bill proposed that the age of consent for male homosexual activity be set at 21, contrasting with the existing law that allowed female homosexual relations at the age of 16. Moreover, it stipulated that a male committing an indecent act with a boy under the age of consent would face double the imprisonment term compared to a male who has sexual intercourse with a girl under the age of consent. Despite these concerns, the University Students' Association expressed qualified support for the bill, advocating for legal equality across all sexual orientations and calling for the elimination of legislation that discriminates based on sexual preference. The association emphasised the need for a unified approach to sexual behaviour that treats homosexual and heterosexual actions equally. Similarly, the Sisters for Homophile Equality from Christchurch opposed the discriminatory differences in penalties based on the gender of the child involved in sexual offences. They argued for consistency in legal repercussions regardless of the sex of the offender or victim. The Student Teachers' Association also underscored the necessity of repealing laws that discriminate against homosexual behaviour. In contrast, the Salvation Army provided a more conservative perspective. While it opposed homosexuality on moral grounds, it advocated for amendments to the law that would approach the issue with compassion rather than outright legalisation of homosexual acts. The organisation suggested a focus on rehabilitating offenders rather than punitive measures. Additionally, the Government announced plans to finance urban renewal in Wellington with a loan of $2,090,000 to the Wellington City Council. This initiative aims to provide housing for 211 individuals in 79 flats, including the construction of an eight-storey tower. The funding aligns with more than $1 million already approved for urban renewal projects within Wellington for the current financial year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750227_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750227.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,162648000
6582,28,02,1975,"Viewers’ Views (Press, 28 February 1975)","The letters published on 28 February 1975 express differing opinions on various television programmes and personalities, particularly focusing on Ray Columbus, Marlon Brando, British and American comedy, Kiri te Kanawa, and the series ""The Waltons."" One letter criticises another correspondent's harsh opinions on Ray Columbus, arguing that Columbus's softer singing style and his tribute to the late Al Jolson in a recent programme were enjoyable and reminiscent of past musical greatness. This writer suggests that the critique was unkind and demoralising. In a separate letter, the author defends Marlon Brando, specifically in relation to his narration of the programme ""Now That the Buffalo's Gone,"" which addresses the struggles of North American Indians. The correspondent takes issue with a critic who seemingly allows personal disdain for Brando to cloud his review, noting Brando's strong sympathy toward Indian issues. The letter argues that meaningful engagement with social problems, like those highlighted in Brando's narration, is more valuable than mere entertainment. Another writer reflects on the quality of British and American comedy on television, agreeing with a previous critic regarding its disappointing standard. They also express astonishment at the high praise given to the show ""Buck House,"" implying that it does not hold up to classics like ""Dad’s Army"" or ""M.A.S.H."" The writer characterises ""Buck House"" as poor entertainment. A letter regarding Kiri te Kanawa expresses frustration over a programme that featured the acclaimed singer but did not allow for her to perform. The writer felt that the presentation was inadequate, likening it to a grotesque portrayal that did not reflect Kanawa's true talent, and believes that she deserves a more authentic showcase. Lastly, one correspondent shares their appreciation for ""The Waltons,"" particularly in the context of family viewing. This writer criticises the negative portrayal of simple family narratives by a television critic, suggesting that the critic may as well push for more sensational or outlandish themes instead. The writer defends the wholesome nature of family stories presented in ""The Waltons,"" calling attention to the show's positive themes. Overall, the letters highlight a range of opinions on television content and personalities, touching on themes of artistic integrity, cultural representation, and the value of family-oriented programming.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750228_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750228.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,162734400
7380,01,03,1975,"Detention After Robbery (Press, 1 March 1975)","A 17-year-old armed robber has been sentenced to nine months of periodic detention, followed by a year of probation, after stealing $300 from a shopkeeper while leaving about $1,700 behind. The sentencing took place on 25 February 1975 in the Wellington Supreme Court, where Mr Justice White expressed that the bizarre circumstances of the case warranted psychiatric examination for the offender. Typically, individuals convicted of aggravated robbery using a firearm face imprisonment, but in this instance, leniency was deemed appropriate. The youth had entered the home of a married couple who operated a dairy shop in Porirua late the previous year. At the time, they were preparing their takings for banking. Despite being armed with a rifle, the youth claimed it was unloaded and expressed that he did not intend to cause harm. He insisted on receiving $300, specifying that he needed it for a friend, even as the couple tried to dissuade him from committing the robbery. Following his arrest, the boy confessed to the crime. Additionally, the Sisters for Homophile Equality (S.H.E.) are set to host a national conference in Christchurch over the same weekend, with nearly 100 women expected to attend from various regions of New Zealand. The conference will focus on discussions surrounding lesbianism and the challenges faced in a hostile environment. A play called ""Between the Eras,"" penned by New Zealander Alison Laurie, who currently resides in Denmark, will be performed by a group from Christchurch during the event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750301_2_214.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750301.2.214,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,162820800
7918,07,03,1975,"Miss Bartlett Tells Tale (Press, 7 March 1975)","On 7 March 1975, Miss Patricia Bartlett, a prominent moralist campaigner and secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, addressed a gathering of around 500 students at the University of Canterbury during their orientation week. The event took place in the Ngaio Marsh Theatre, where Bartlett aimed to share her views on controversial topics such as film censorship and abortion. Despite the potentially uncomfortable nature of her subjects, the students were largely receptive and tolerant, marking a departure from the usual atmosphere of mockery often encountered by speakers. The audience's mood shifted dramatically when an anonymous student interrupted Bartlett's speech by revealing a bare male bottom, which elicited laughter, showcasing the students' playful spirit. Bartlett attempted to articulate her criticisms of the Remuera Medical Aid Centre, commonly referred to as the Auckland Abortion Clinic. In her discourse, she lamented the disparity between how society addresses the homes needed for unwanted animals compared to unwanted humans, a point she made without recognising the inaccuracy in her comparison. During the session, she faced tough questions, such as her qualifications to speak on sexual behaviour. In her response, she drew a parallel between unexperienced opinions on social issues like apartheid and the differing experiences of men and women regarding abortion. Addressing changes in societal behaviour, Bartlett reflected on the difference between her experiences growing up and those of contemporary youth, asserting there was an alarming prevalence of teenage pregnancies compared to her time. She attributed this to a lack of proper guidance, suggesting that girls were not being taught to assert themselves effectively. Moreover, she claimed that New Zealand was producing a ""weak breed of woman"" and a ""selfish breed of man."" Despite facing criticism, Bartlett welcomed the opportunity to speak to the students, seeing it as an indication that they were open to hearing ""a moral side"" in their discussions. She also candidly shared details about her position within the Society, revealing that her role was now full-time and that she received a modest honorarium of $1000, which she found challenging to manage. Her society boasted a membership of 18,000, reflecting a significant base of support for her cause. Overall, the event illustrated the complexities of engaging with emotional and contentious topics in a university environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750307_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750307.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,163339200
4613,13,03,1975,"Victorian Scandal Out In Open (Press, 13 March 1975)","On 12 March 1975, it was reported that newly opened official documents revealed the extent to which the family of Queen Victoria and government officials concealed a significant sex scandal that shook Britain 75 years prior. The scandal revolved around a male homosexual brothel located in Cleveland Street, allegedly attended by prominent figures including Lord Arthur Somerset, equerry to the Prince of Wales, and potentially other notable men of the period. The release of these documents was particularly noteworthy as they had been kept under wraps for a century. They confirmed suspicions from 1900 that influential figures such as the Prince of Wales, who later became King Edward VII, and the then Prime Minister, Lord Salisbury, intervened to prevent the prosecution of Lord Somerset. The documents indicated that Lord Somerset’s lawyer had claimed that a ""very distinguished person"" would be implicated if Somerset were taken to court, which was a reference to Prince Albert Victor, Queen Victoria's son, who had already gained notoriety by being connected with the unsolved ""Jack the Ripper"" murders. The published papers illustrate that despite pressure from the Attorney-General, the Public Prosecutor, and the Police Commissioner who were in favour of prosecuting Somerset under strict laws against male homosexual activities, significant political opposition came from leaders such as Lord Halsbury and Lord Salisbury. Their resistance stemmed partly from Somerset's high societal status and the fear of implicating other distinguished individuals. The Assistant Director of Public Prosecutions, Mr H. Cuffee, noted that the Prince of Wales was alarmed by the scandal and made efforts to intervene on Somerset’s behalf. Cuffee highlighted that the prince was resolute in his disbelief regarding the allegations and sought a resolution that would protect Somerset's reputation. In the midst of the mounting scandal, Somerset fled the country just before an arrest warrant could be issued. Additionally, the documents revealed attempts by eminent clients of the Cleveland Street brothel to bribe male prostitutes to leave the country to prevent their testimony in the investigation. ""The Times"" described the newfound evidence as an enlightening example of how the Victorian elite collaborated to shield their own from public scrutiny and legal repercussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750313_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750313.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,163857600
4615,25,03,1975,"Gay Plays (Press, 25 March 1975)","A play titled ""Thinking Straight,"" written by Australian playwright Laurence Collinson, premiered last week as part of a series called ""Homosexual Acts... a season of gay plays"" at the Ambiance Theatre Club in London. The season aims to showcase plays that deal with authentic gay themes and delve into the origins of gay oppression. ""Thinking Straight"" focuses on the struggles of a homosexual poet-playwright who grapples with his authenticity and self-identity. Collinson, who is in London on a two-year fellowship from the Australian Council of Arts, is collaborating with the production group known as ""Gay Sweatshop."" The play is scheduled to run for three weeks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750325_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750325.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,164894400
4614,25,03,1975,"Magistrate's Court Man Sent To Prison For Part In... (Press, 25 March 1975)","On 25 March 1975, the Magistrate's Court addressed several cases, including that of Russell Vernon Hatcher, a 32-year-old plasterer who was sentenced to nine months in prison for his involvement in an assault and receiving stolen money. Hatcher admitted to assaulting John Hocking and knowingly receiving $40 that had been dishonestly obtained from Hocking. His counsel argued that past homosexual advances made to Hatcher as a child might have influenced his violent reaction to Hocking's advances in a bar. However, the Magistrate, Mr W. F. Brown, was sceptical about the justification for the assault, considering that Hatcher had willingly chosen to engage with Hocking earlier that evening. The sentences for the assault and the receipt of stolen money were ordered to be served consecutively. In another case, trainee seaman Steven John Smau, aged 18, received a one-year probation period for theft and interference with a car. He was also fined and disqualified from driving for six months. The Magistrate expressed that while Smau came close to detention, he would be given an opportunity to reform. Phillip Summerton, a 19-year-old restaurant employee, was put on probation for a year after admitting to stealing goods valued at $48.50. The stolen items included clothing that Summerton had seen on someone days after the theft. Wayne Trevathan, 24, had his sentence extended by one month after escaping from the Rolleston Detention Centre. Found guilty of stealing an overcoat, his new sentence was one month, served concurrently with his existing 18-month sentence. Nineteen-year-old David Hansen received a five-month periodic detention for driving while disqualified. Additionally, a 17-year-old youth, Rockford Hill, was remanded in custody on multiple charges, including escaping from custody and car theft. Peter Fleming, 20, was fined for littering and for throwing a beer bottle onto the road. Kieron Michael Arlow, 17, faced six charges, including stealing money and a wallet, and was remanded in custody. He had improperly used a friend's licence to rent a car. Three individuals, including two men and a young woman, were fined for obstructing police during an arrest at a hotel. They interfered when the police attempted to detain a girl for not providing her details. The Magistrate stated that such interference complicates police work. Gregory Dowling, a 17-year-old meat trimmer, was fined and placed on probation for stealing a driver's licence and driving while disqualified in Upper Hutt. Gilbert Crotty, 26, was fined for receiving stolen cigarettes, having initially been unaware of their origins. In a serious case, a 49-year-old man, whose name was suppressed, received a sentence for indecently assaulting an 11-year-old girl in New Brighton. The Magistrate ordered psychological evaluation and treatment rather than imprisonment, considering the man's remorse and service in the military. Linda Matau, a 23-year-old housewife, was put on probation for stealing from a store and a hire service. Lastly, Robert Mitchell, 43, received four months of periodic detention for assaulting his de facto wife, after pleading guilty to the charge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750325_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750325.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,164894400
7766,26,03,1975,"Upset Choice By Party (Press, 26 March 1975)","On 25 March 1975, in a surprising turn of events for New Zealand politics, the National Party selected 22-year-old Marilyn Waring as its candidate for the Raglan electorate in the upcoming General Election. This selection marks a historic moment, as Waring is believed to be the youngest woman ever chosen for such a rural seat in New Zealand political history. The announcement came after a lengthy electoral process in which Waring outpaced four male competitors during a two-hour ballot, ultimately emerging successful. D. J. Carter, the retiring Member of Parliament and former Minister of Agriculture, labelled Waring's selection as ""revolutionary,"" reflecting the significance of her candidacy in a traditionally male-dominated political landscape. Waring, who currently works as a parliamentary research unit officer in Wellington, was not initially viewed as a strong candidate for Raglan, primarily due to her young age and gender. However, the party's electorate secretary, L. Riddell, expressed both shock and delight at her selection, acknowledging the unexpected but positive nature of the decision. The Raglan electorate has a history of National Party dominance; under Mr Carter's leadership, it increased its majority in the 1972 elections following a favourable boundary change. With the National Party's stronghold in the region, Waring's selection significantly enhances her chances of securing a seat in Parliament. Waring holds an honours degree in political science from Victoria University and has furthered her studies in politics while in Britain and Europe. Her academic background, combined with her groundbreaking selection, positions her as a distinctive figure in the political landscape of New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750326_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750326.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,164980800
4012,05,04,1975,"‘Disgraceful Article’ (Press, 5 April 1975)","On 4 April 1975, during the Address-in-Reply debate in the New Zealand Parliament, Mr D. S. Thomson, a National Party member representing Stratford, expressed concerns about what he perceived as a decline into permissiveness within New Zealand society. He specifically cited a controversial article advocating for sodomy published by the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, which he denounced as disgraceful and scurrilous. Thomson announced his intention to refer the article to the Minister of Justice, Dr Finlay, requesting that it be submitted to the Indecent Publications Tribunal. He indicated that if the Minister failed to act, he would seek permission from the Speaker of the House to take the matter into his own hands. In his discourse, Thomson also addressed the situation in Indo-China, particularly highlighting the plight of South Vietnam's refugees. He asserted that New Zealand must demonstrate its concern for humanity by improving its response to the refugee crisis. He acknowledged that Prime Minister Mr Rowling had reported the availability of two Royal New Zealand Air Force Bristol Freighters to assist in moving refugees and transporting supplies, but stated that this effort was insufficient. Thomson urged that New Zealand's capabilities should be utilised more effectively, citing the nation’s five Hercules aircraft, which have a much larger cargo capacity compared to the Bristol Freighters. In response to Thomson's moral stance, Mr Isbey, the Under-Secretary for Transport, challenged the coherence of Thomson’s views, questioning how he could hold strong opinions on societal standards while seemingly disregarding the moral implications of war. Isbey argued that one’s outrage over societal indecency should be equal to, if not greater than, the outrage over the ""obscenity of war."" This exchange highlighted a broader tension in Parliament regarding the interplay of moral values and government actions, particularly concerning both societal issues and international humanitarian responsibilities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750405_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750405.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,165844800
4013,09,04,1975,"Gay Article Defended (Press, 9 April 1975)","On 9 April 1975, a member of the Christchurch Gay Liberation Front issued a statement clarifying that a controversial article featured in their newsletter did not reflect the group's collective views. The article, authored by Paul Mating, had been described as a ""disgraceful and scurrilous"" piece advocating sodomy, which prompted criticism from Mr D. S. Thomson, a National Party representative from Stratford, during a parliamentary debate. The Christchurch Gay Liberation Front explained that although the newsletter's content, including the article in question, was not considered libellous or overtly obscene, it elicited significant reaction among its members. The newsletter is published by a subset within the organisation that emphasises that its contents do not necessarily represent the official policies of Gay Liberation. The group values freedom of expression and allows for a range of opinions, with censorship imposed only in cases deemed legally objectionable. The statement further emphasised that the controversial article represented the views of only one individual and should not be interpreted as the stance of the broader group or indicative of what homosexuals desire regarding potential law reforms. It was noted that the newsletter was distributed exclusively to those on the group's mailing list and not made available for sale or general distribution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750409_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750409.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,166190400
6870,19,04,1975,"Ship’s Crew Questioned (Press, 19 April 1975)","On 19 April 1975, Christchurch detectives conducted interviews with 50 crew members of the motor vessel Laurentic, which had docked in Lyttelton the previous day. The investigation stemmed from the death of a guest, William Thomas Bradley, a cabaret entertainer who was performing as a female impersonator under the stage name Bella. Bradley was discovered deceased in Sydney Harbour on the morning of Monday, following a party aboard the ship before it departed Sydney on Sunday. The interview, led by Detective Senior-Sergeant A. G. I. Rogers and involving twelve detectives, found no evidence of suspicious circumstances surrounding Bradley's death. A subsequent report is expected to be submitted to the Sydney police for further review.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750419_2_137.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750419.2.137,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,167054400
6583,22,04,1975,"Subtle Pressures On Women In The Media (Press, 22 April 1975)","Bill Moyers discusses the persistent discrimination against women in the fields of journalism, particularly within American newspapers and television, in his article reprinted from ""McCall's"" on 22 April 1975. With a background as a press secretary under President Lyndon B. Johnson and former publisher of ""Newsday,"" Moyers shares his observations from his relatively new experience in television journalism, noting that women are often relegated to subordinate roles such as production assistants or secretaries. While some women hold significant positions, these are exceptions rather than the norm. Moyers criticises the male-dominated nature of both television and newspapers, stating that many media outlets continue to portray women as secondary figures, reinforcing outdated stereotypes. He argues that most newspapers, still operated mainly by men, perpetuate a narrow view of women's interests, focusing on topics deemed relevant only to traditional roles of wives and mothers. These portrayals, he insists, ignore the broader capabilities and interests of women, which include concerns about politics, religion, and economics. Drawing from his tenure at ""Newsday,"" Moyers recounts how the paper transformed its approach by phasing out a dedicated ""women's section"" that was confined to traditional subjects. Instead, they integrated content that reflected the diverse interests of women, proving that articles on broader topics were appealing to both male and female readers. Moyers points out that while there have been some shifts in other publications, they are still in the minority, and the disdainful attitude towards women's content continues to persist. He emphasises that the portrayal of women in the media has contributed to a growing anger among women, culminating in the Women's Liberation Movement. Moyers questions the press's gendered reporting habits, such as the differing ways they describe male and female public figures and the tendency to trivialise women's achievements while focusing on their appearances. By reflecting the societal structures of male dominance, journalism remains complicit in maintaining these barriers. Moyers cites statistics indicating the increasing presence of women in the workforce, noting that although women's wages and job participation have risen significantly, media coverage often fails to capture this evolution. This oversight is indicative of a broader systemic problem, where women's contributions and issues are sidelined. In conclusion, Moyers argues that both men and women have a stake in overcoming these ingrained biases within journalism. He reflects on the necessity for the media to embrace a more equitable portrayal of women, which challenges dominant stereotypes and recognises women as individuals with diverse experiences and concerns. Moyers advocates for a fundamental re-evaluation of how women are represented, highlighting the importance of acknowledging and addressing gender bias in the media landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750422_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750422.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,167313600
7014,23,04,1975,"An In-between Life (Press, 23 April 1975)","On April 22, 1975, in Auckland’s Supreme Court, a transgender woman referred to as “Miss X” experienced another setback in her quest for legal recognition as a female. Mr. Justice McMullin's written judgment described her as “Air X.” Since undergoing a sex change operation in 1969, Miss X has faced numerous challenges in gaining acceptance of her new identity. The lack of legal recognition has resulted in practical difficulties in her daily life, including the simple act of using public toilets, where she struggles to decide whether to use the men’s or women’s facilities. Miss X expressed frustration over her inability to marry a man, despite having lived in a de facto relationship with a partner for seven years. She explained that the ongoing legal battles have strained their relationship and stated, “It’s coming to an end now.” She emphasized that she won't feel secure in any future relationship until her legal status is resolved. In addition to her personal struggles, Miss X is seeking financial independence but has faced difficulties finding suitable employment. While she has successfully appealed decisions from the Social Welfare Department to remain on an emergency unemployment benefit, the terms of her latest appeal mean she may soon have to navigate the appeal process once again to retain this support. Preferring anonymity for fear of unwanted attention rather than being recognised as a transsexual, Miss X shared that she comes from a large family, having six sisters and two brothers. She recalled her childhood, stating she was a typical boy but always felt destined to marry a man. Acknowledging the physical challenges that make this difficult, she expressed her desire for the freedom to live as a normal woman without pity. Miss X, alongside her legal adviser Mr S. Lockhart, is actively seeking guidance from legal authorities, including the Minister of Justice Dr Finlay and the Ombudsman Sir Guy Powles. They intend to ask for assistance in advocating for legislation that would allow for a change in her birth certificate’s sex notation. This change would provide a crucial answer to a question she frequently contemplates: “What am I?”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750423_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750423.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,167400000
6502,23,04,1975,"Judge Rules On Sex Change (Press, 23 April 1975)","On 23 April 1975, a Supreme Court judge in Auckland ruled that a man who had undergone a successful sex change operation, referred to as ""Mr X,"" was not legally recognised as a woman. Mr X sought a court order to legally declare his sex as female, arguing that his birth certificate and official records still designated him as male despite his surgical transition and other medically related changes. In his detailed 10-page judgment, Justice McMullin noted that New Zealand law did not currently provide a procedure for such a declaration regarding sex change. He mentioned that while ten American states had established a process to alter the designation on birth certificates, no similar legislation existed in New Zealand. The judge asserted that only Parliament could enact a law to allow individuals like Mr X the opportunity to gain official recognition of their transitioned sex. Justice McMullin expressed his belief that if legislation were to be introduced, its usage would likely be rare. He emphasised that it was up to Parliament to decide if genuine transsexuals should be afforded the chance for legal acknowledgment of their psychological identity and the medical changes they have undergone. The judge prohibited the publication of Mr X’s name, age, address, and some portions of the judgement to ensure his anonymity. Expert medical testimonies in court indicated that Mr X could be considered female in many respects, except for genetic components and the absence of a uterus and ovaries. In the judgement, Justice McMullin provided a definition of transsexualism, distinguishing it from transvestism, the latter being described as an intermittent desire to dress and live as the opposite sex without the strong urge characteristic of transsexuals. Mr X's initial request to have his birth details amended to reflect his female identity was denied by the Registrar-General of Births in 1973, prompting his court action. The judge acknowledged various challenges faced by Mr X due to his transsexuality, including difficulties in social situations, employment issues, and potential legal impediments to marriage. The Marriage Act required an assurance of no lawful impediment for couples intending to marry, which could be complicated by the fact that Mr X was considered male under current law. Moreover, Justice McMullin highlighted potential legal complications, such as the risk of criminal charges under specific statutes and challenges related to inheritance and estate planning where gender designations might create confusion. The judge concluded that Mr X’s situation exemplified the pressing need for legal recognition and protection for individuals undergoing similar transitions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750423_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750423.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,167400000
4616,01,05,1975,"Another Moral Issue Faces M.p.s (Press, 1 May 1975)","A significant moral debate is on the horizon in the New Zealand Parliament as the committee investigating the Crimes Amendment Bill prepares to report back this week. This bill, introduced by Mr V. S. Young from the National Party, focuses on reforms regarding homosexual practices. Its introduction last year sparked intense discussions about the effectiveness of existing laws and the rights of those considered deviates. As the House is set to rise for a fortnight's recess, there is concern among some members about the potential for yet another contentious debate so soon. The Special Select Committee tasked with examining the bill has reportedly faced challenges and differences of opinion, which could become apparent during the brief debate on the report's tabling. Members are wary of the implications of another moral issue requiring a free vote, where they would need to ""stand up and be counted."" The air is thick with tension, especially following the heated discussions surrounding Dr Wall's Hospitals Amendment Bill. Many members prefer to focus on straightforward legislative matters before tackling complex moral issues. With the Budget debate approaching on May 22, it is likely that this week will culminate in heightened moral tension and a commitment to a substantive discussion about the rights and issues related to deviations in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750501_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750501.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,168091200
4617,03,05,1975,"Homosexual Law Committee Wants Age Of Consent... (Press, 3 May 1975)","On 2 May 1975, the Parliamentary Select Committee in New Zealand recommended lowering the age of consent for homosexual acts from 21 to 20 years. This move aligns with their support for a bill that aims to legalise homosexual acts in private between consenting adults. The committee, chaired by Dr M. E. R. Bassett of the Labour Party, reported back the Crimes Amendment Bill to Parliament, stating that its basic intent was long overdue. Despite a majority supporting the bill, there were several dissenting voices within the committee. Dr G. A. Wall, a Labour committee member, expressed firm opposition and introduced additional amendments that were ultimately rejected. Similarly, Mr D. Thomson from the National Party opposed the bill's liberalising efforts. Yet, the majority included votes from both Opposition and Government members, reflecting personal convictions on the moral issues involved. The committee considered around 150 submissions and encompassed a wide range of views on homosexuality. In addition to the age of consent amendment, the bill was modified to criminalise the keeping of brothels for both heterosexual and homosexual prostitution, maintaining illegal status for procuring for reward. While the committee opted not to change the clause that imposed a maximum imprisonment of 14 years for adult homosexual assault on a child, they did revise the references protecting the mentally ill. Mr V. S. Young, who initially introduced the bill, noted that despite substantial amendments, the fundamental objectives remained intact. Parliament voted 52-17 to allow the bill to be debated further, thus scheduling it for a second reading. Following the vote, Acting Prime Minister Mr Tizard stated that the Government would handle the Crimes Amendment Bill similarly to another politically sensitive issue, abortion. Provision would be made for Government funding if the bill achieved passage. Those opposing the reporting back of the bill included several National and Labour Party members, which highlighted the divided opinions on the proposed legal changes. Dr Wall indicated that he would propose further amendments during the committee stages, including a provision to criminalise leading anyone under 20 to perceive homosexual acts as normal. Dr Wall also critiqued the Homosexual Law Reform Society, suggesting that their backing of the current bill was part of a strategy to portray a sense of responsible acceptance, with intentions of eventually advocating for complete acceptance of homosexuality in the future. The developments within the committee and Parliament signify a significant moment in New Zealand's legal approach to homosexuality during a period of social change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750503_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750503.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,168264000
7647,10,05,1975,"Cable News Reported Briefly (Press, 10 May 1975)","On 10 May 1975, British actor Trevor Howard expressed concerns about his financial situation, revealing that he may be on the brink of bankruptcy and facing potential imprisonment. This situation arose after Howard lost a legal dispute with the Inland Revenue Department, although the specific financial details were not disclosed. He shared that he is uncertain whether he might have to sell his home in Britain due to the dire financial implications, stating that he had entrusted the matter to his accountant, who was currently unavailable. In other news, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat issued a decree to transform Port Said, the city that suffered economically after the Suez Canal was closed during the 1967 war, into a free-trade zone. The decree aims to attract foreign businesses and investments into the area by eliminating taxes and other barriers. In the United States, a Federal Judge has reduced the prison sentence of James McCord, convicted in the Watergate scandal, from one to five years down to just four months. This reduction could allow McCord to be released soon, considering good conduct and time already served. Meanwhile, in India, a parliamentary committee has proposed the immediate takeover of multinational drug companies following the presentation of a comprehensive report. The report suggested a ban on importing bulk drugs and reducing foreign ownership stakes in Indian subsidiaries. Czechoslovak and Soviet dissidents residing in the West requested an amnesty for four political prisoners in a letter addressed to President Svoboda of Czechoslovakia, marking the 30th anniversary of the country's liberation from Nazi occupation. In Argentina, the film ""Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia,"" directed by Sam Peckinpah, was banned, adding to the growing list of films prohibited by a censorship board under the Peronist government. This marked the 100th foreign film to be censored since the board was established. Additionally, the Shah of Iran announced in Caracas that oil prices should be raised in response to rising global inflation, citing that oil-producing countries had experienced significant income drops due to economic conditions. In Venice, over 2,000 protesters gathered in boats for a demonstration against the damage inflicted on the canals by motorboats, calling for the preservation of traditional oars and gondolas. In California, a bill legalising sodomy and oral sex between consenting adults, dubbed a ""bill of rights for homosexuals,"" passed the State Assembly and is expected to be signed by Governor Edmund Brown. This legislation is noted for repealing outdated laws while introducing stricter penalties for rape. Lastly, veteran American actor John Wayne was undergoing tests for viral pneumonia in California, while George Baker, creator of the beloved ""Sad Sack"" cartoon character from World War II, passed away at age 59 from cancer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750510_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750510.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,168868800
4618,10,05,1975,"How Private Is A Member? (Press, 10 May 1975)","The opinion piece, published on 10 May 1975, presents a satirical overview of the political climate in Wellington as New Zealand approaches an election year. The author, using a whimsical tone, likens the uncertain political conditions to changing weather patterns, describing the atmosphere as foggy with hints of stormy weather ahead. This metaphor is employed to depict the unease among politicians as they navigate impending legislative challenges, particularly in light of the upcoming elections. With a focus on how politicians grapple with their responsibilities, the piece refers to the shivering members of parliament who are facing ""Election 'Flu"", implying that they are struggling to maintain their composure while the electorate watches closely. The author suggests that a range of Private Members Bills, including sensitive topics such as abortion and homosexual law reform, are being rushed through the legislative process, ostensibly to demonstrate a commitment to public concerns while masking true party agendas. The piece highlights the notion of free voting, where politicians have the liberty to vote according to their personal consciences rather than strict party lines. This is portrayed as a strategic move to avoid backlash from the public on controversial issues. The concerns about social reform are juxtaposed with the politicians' fear of losing votes, symbolised by their cautious approach to debated legislation and their reluctance to take definitive stands on contentious matters. In a cheeky manner, the author implies that the true intentions of legislators are often veiled by false sincerity and public posturing, critiquing their lack of genuine commitment to progressive causes. The article also comments on how the political manoeuvring is calculated, suggesting that parties are more concerned about winning elections than enacting meaningful change. Overall, the piece serves as a sharp critique of the electoral system and the behaviour of politicians during a highly charged political period. It cleverly conveys the idea that while some laws may seek reform, the underlying motivations of politicians often reflect self-preservation over genuine advocacy, all while the looming threat of the ballot box determines their fate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750510_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750510.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,168868800
4620,12,05,1975,"Edwards Back On The Chopping Block (Press, 12 May 1975)","Brian Edwards made his much-anticipated return to television with the launch of ""Edwards on Saturday"" on 10 May 1975. His comeback has reignited discussions about his role as a host, drawing both supporters and detractors. Critics continue to view Edwards as a provocateur who enjoys creating discomfort for his guests, while others appreciate his capability to keep discussions alive and extract frank answers, especially in a live format that leaves little room for evasion. The inaugural episode featured a lively and potentially controversial discussion. Edwards opened with a pointed dialogue alongside his co-host Michael Dean, suggesting they aimed to engage viewers right from the start. The initial exchanges, including jabs at public figures such as M.P. John Kirk and the late Sir James Wattie, raised questions about the programme's tastefulness. Nonetheless, the subsequent segments, which tackled complex subjects like religion and homosexuality, were intended to spark robust conversation. Edwards, identifying as a ""Protestant atheist,"" rigorously examined the views of his guest, Father Leo Close, demonstrating a commitment to candid dialogue. The discussion on homosexuality arguably stole the show, with Edwards pushing boundaries by asking probing questions, showcasing the courage of his guests who were willing to engage on such a sensitive topic. Despite the controversial nature of the discussions, the show was noted for its quality production value and entertainment, likening its format to that of David Frost, incorporating audience participation to enhance its liveliness. The episode also featured musical acts, comedic performances, and poetry, contributing to an energetic atmosphere. On the same night, viewers were introduced to the American series ""The Six Million Dollar Man,"" which depicts a man converted through advanced surgical technology into a superhuman figure. While the programme may attract a younger audience with its sensational premise, there are doubts about its appeal to adults, who might find the narrative's realism lacking. Additionally, the Friday night show ""Beryl’s Lot"" received praise, proving to be a favourite among audiences, despite not being as strong as earlier episodes. The absence of a popular character in the latest episode, however, was noted as a drawback. A new weather presenter made her debut, receiving positive feedback for her clarity and professionalism. The classic film ""Mrs Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch,"" broadcast on the same night, demonstrated enduring qualities despite its age, sparking nostalgia for older cinematic styles and featuring a memorable appearance by W. C. Fields. Finally, there were critical remarks about TVI's promotional strategies concerning long-running series, indicating viewer fatigue with repetitive marketing for shows that have already gained popularity. Overall, the new television landscape promises both lively discussions and a mix of nostalgia for classic programming.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750512_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750512.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169041600
4619,12,05,1975,"Labour Nearer Top Gear (Press, 12 May 1975)","The Labour Party is gearing up for its upcoming General Election campaign with its fifty-ninth annual conference taking place in Wellington. Scheduled for five days, this conference will feature nearly 200 remits that will shape the party's election policies as they aim for a second term in government. This event marks Mr. Rowling's first conference as leader of the Labour Party and Prime Minister, following his rise to office eight months prior. Discussions at the conference are expected to delve into significant moral issues, including abortion and homosexual law reform, both of which are included in the remit paper. There will also be discussions regarding the legalisation of certain drugs. Historically, the conference has favoured maintaining the status quo on moral issues, particularly in an election year, when the party may be reluctant to make contentious decisions that could alienate voters. The position of party president currently held by Dr. Bennett is facing challenges from three contenders: J. G. O'Brien, the Member of Parliament for Island Bay, E. J. Keating of Wellington, and T. Thompson from Auckland. Although Keating and Thompson are anticipated to withdraw, the competition will primarily be between O'Brien and Bennett. O'Brien is likely to receive backing from the trade union faction, while Bennett, advocating for the status quo, is favoured to retain his office. In addition to the presidential contest, O'Brien is also vying for the newly established position of senior vice-president, where he will face primary opposition from J. L. Hunt, the MP for New Lynn. The trade union's support might give O'Brien an advantage in this race. The new junior vice-president position is expected to be filled by M. K. Moore, the MP for Eden, who currently appears to have a strong chance of winning. The conference has seen an influx in nominations for executive positions, with 56 candidates vying for five roles. This increase in interest is attributed to the reform allowing executive members to be based outside Wellington for the first time. There is also a competitive slate for positions representing women, youth, Māori, Polynesian, and different regions on the executive. The election of officers is anticipated to take a significant portion of the conference's proceedings, particularly on Tuesday morning. Overall, the conference represents a crucial step for the Labour Party as it prepares to outline its policies and strategies ahead of the General Election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750512_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750512.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169041600
4621,12,05,1975,"Priest Upset By Tv Show (Press, 12 May 1975)","On 11 May 1975, the Rev. F. C. Donnelly, a counsellor for homosexuals and senior lecturer in community health at the Auckland Medical School, publicly criticised the Edwards-Dean television show that aired the previous night. He described the programme as a “send-up” that perpetuated negative stereotypes and prejudices about homosexuals. Donnelly, who was a guest on the show, expressed disappointment, stating, “To me, it was a sad night.” He remarked that the show did not accurately represent the complexities of homosexual lives, instead choosing to depict them through the lens of common stereotypes. Donnelly pointed out specifically that the selection of guests failed to portray the psychological struggles and creative aspects of being homosexual, which could have fostered understanding among viewers who were not familiar with these realities. He believed that the programme instead reinforced long-held misconceptions and did nothing to advance the cause of law reform concerning homosexual rights. He also expressed regret about participating in the show, asserting that he had expected to deliver a more substantial contribution rather than merely being part of the audience. Overall, he felt the presentation and tone of the show undermined the serious issues faced by the homosexual community and would not contribute positively to societal attitudes or legislative changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750512_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750512.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169041600
6584,14,05,1975,"Women’s Lib. Theory (Press, 14 May 1975)","On 13 May 1975, at the first Pacific Congress of Psychiatry held in Melbourne, an American psychiatrist, Dr. Zira Defries from Columbia University, addressed the attendees about the increasing prevalence of lesbian experiences among American college students, attributing this trend to the women's liberation movement. Dr. Defries noted that many young women perceive lesbianism as an integral aspect of their empowerment and personal identity within the context of women's liberation. She reported a significant rise in the number of female students who have engaged in lesbian experiences, contrasting current statistics with those from a decade prior. Dr. Defries indicated that approximately one-third of female college students in the United States have had such experiences, a notable increase from the 21 per cent reported ten years earlier. Furthermore, she estimated that between 6 to 12 per cent of these young women may commit to a lesbian lifestyle. Dr. Defries' insights reflect broader societal changes regarding gender and sexual identity, suggesting that the women's liberation movement is influencing not just behaviours but also the perceptions and acceptance of lesbian relationships among younger generations of women in academia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750514_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750514.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169214400
4622,15,05,1975,"Objections To Homosexuality Outlined (Press, 15 May 1975)","On 15 May 1975, Miss Patricia Bartlett spoke at a luncheon meeting in Christchurch for the Canterbury-Westland branch of the New Zealand Society of Accountants. This meeting marked the introduction of a new approach to the society's events, allowing the wives of members to attend alongside the men. Miss Bartlett, who serves as the secretary for the Society for the Protection of Community Standards, voiced strong opposition to the proposed Crimes Amendment Bill that aimed to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults. She argued that if such acts were legalised, they could become commonplace, particularly among men in close living quarters such as prisons and the military. Miss Bartlett expressed concern that legalisation would normalise homosexual behaviour and remove societal restraints, potentially leading to efforts to further lower the age of consent for homosexual acts from 20 to 16, aligning it with the heterosexual age of consent. She accused homosexuals of being a significant risk factor for the transmission of venereal diseases due to the high number of partners they engage with compared to heterosexuals. According to her, a moderately active homosexual man may have contact with around 100 different partners in a year, which, she claimed, would exacerbate the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases if legal restrictions were lifted. Furthermore, Miss Bartlett mentioned that advocates for homosexual law reform were pushing for additional rights such as marriage, adoption, and a legal framework for wills in favour of same-sex partners. She raised alarm over social implications, stating that New Zealand’s women were being pressured to act as sexual objects, and highlighted the growing number of children born out of wedlock—9400 annually, with a significant portion of these children born to younger mothers. She addressed the issue of pre-marital sex, suggesting it contributed to distrust in relationships, leading to rising divorce rates, which currently saw one in eight marriages ending in divorce. Drawing on examples from Sweden, she warned that sex education devoid of moral guidance had led to increased rates of illegitimacy and venereal disease in that country. In her closing remarks, Miss Bartlett lamented the role of parents in discussing sexual matters, arguing against placing the responsibility on schools and teachers. She controversially suggested that the best method of contraception is the simple word ‘No’, highlighting her belief that societal attitudes in New Zealand encourage promiscuity rather than responsible choices regarding sexual conduct. Miss Bartlett's speech reflects a conservative perspective on sexual morals and the implications of changing laws surrounding homosexuality and sexual education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750515_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750515.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169300800
4624,16,05,1975,"Miss Bartlett Talks On Law (Press, 16 May 1975)","On 16 May 1975, Miss Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, addressed the annual conference of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Law Students. She spoke on the topic of ""morality and the law,"" emphasising the necessity of a return to Christian faith and values as a means to restore sanity and life in society. Miss Bartlett argued that respect for the sanctity of sex, marriage, and the absolute sanctity of life are critical to achieving this goal. She expressed concern over the negative impacts of pornography, stating that it contributes to the breakdown of families. Miss Bartlett urged the law students to comprehend the importance of laws that govern morality, asserting that a truly free society must protect the dignity of its members and maintain the quality of life. She warned against the dangers presented by a vocal minority that seeks to undermine these principles, claiming such movements threaten the ability of citizens to raise their children within a respectful and Christian community. During her address, Miss Bartlett claimed that New Zealand's legal system was rooted in principles that uphold the dignity of the individual, the sanctity of human life, and the family as a fundamental societal unit. She noted a troubling trend in the evolution of family law, asserting that recent changes have led to an increase in the divorce rate, with one in eight marriages in New Zealand ending in divorce. Her society's goals include promoting self-respect and dignity, as well as advocating for stricter enforcement and enhancement of laws surrounding obscenity, pornography, and violence in media. She pointed out a perceived correlation between legal standards and societal behaviour, arguing that society has both the right and duty to regulate harmful actions through legislation. Miss Bartlett identified several contentious legal issues in New Zealand, including abortion, the decriminalisation of male homosexual acts in private, easy divorce, drug offences, and regulations concerning minors' access to contraception. She critiqued ""so-called reformers"" who push for changes to laws concerning moral issues, arguing that their claims of ineffectiveness contradict the laws' ongoing relevance and significance in maintaining social order. She concluded that the current societal troubles, including rising crime rates, do not warrant the repeal of laws. Rather, such laws serve essential functions and should remain in place to counteract the push for greater permissiveness in society. Through her remarks, Miss Bartlett highlighted the protective role of law in fostering a moral framework within which families and communities can thrive.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750516_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750516.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169387200
4623,16,05,1975,"Viewers’ Views (Press, 16 May 1975)","On 16 May 1975, a discussion surrounding the New Zealand television series ""Close to Home"" sparked various viewer reactions and critiques. A viewer raised a question about a specific moment in the episode where a character was seen listening to a horse race on a transistor radio, noting that the horses mentioned—Marinots, Champagne Lady, and Prepak—ran at Trentham two days earlier. The viewer wondered if the sound had been added post-production to create authenticity or if it was a coincidence. Producer Murray Reece clarified that the audio had been deliberately omitted during filming and included after the actual race on Saturday. Another viewer, Brian Edwards, commented on the controversial nature of the programme, suggesting that those who found it unsuitable should simply switch it off, arguing that the complaints often come from viewers who are overly sensitive or unselective about their viewing habits. He expressed frustration with the complaints being made about television content, implying that people should take personal responsibility for their choices. In another critique, Varian J. Wilson defended Dr. Edwards against accusations of disrespecting certain figures and groups on the show, claiming that the discussions on the show often exploit viewers’ sensibilities. He argued that the portrayal of issues related to homosexuality and indecency on television should not be tolerated and suggested that while the law should respect privacy, the nature of broadcasting makes such topics public rather than private. In a separate observation about the show “Country Calendar,” a viewer expressed disappointment with the current direction under a new producer. They felt the programme had shifted focus from rural issues to urban interests, losing its essence by not adequately addressing the needs of the rural community. They noted that significant topics, such as technological advancements in farming, were being overlooked. The viewer also hoped for improvements with the anticipated launch of an additional television channel, wondering about the future of former host John Whitwell. Overall, the criticisms reflect a larger conversation about television’s role in society, the responsibility of producers and viewers, and the importance of representing diverse perspectives while respecting audience sensitivities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750516_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750516.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169387200
4625,17,05,1975,"Comments Called Speculation (Press, 17 May 1975)","On 17 May 1975, Mr R. N. Kennaway, the Christchurch representative of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, expressed his views in response to comments made by Miss Patricia Bartlett regarding homosexuals. During a meeting of the Canterbury-Westland branch of the Society of Accountants, Miss Bartlett had made assertions about the behaviour of homosexuals. Mr Kennaway argued that these remarks were unfounded and highlighted the lack of serious research on homosexuality in New Zealand. He stated that most homosexuals strive to lead normal lives despite facing considerable challenges. In his critique of Miss Bartlett's statements, he accused her of indulging in speculation rather than presenting evidence-based insights. Furthermore, Mr Kennaway suggested that her comments reflect a broader pattern of prejudice that has historically targeted minority groups, alluding to the harmful tactics employed by totalitarian regimes. He stressed the importance of understanding and supporting homosexual individuals rather than perpetuating unfounded stereotypes. This discourse emphasises the ongoing debate about homosexuality and the societal perceptions surrounding it in New Zealand during the 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750517_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750517.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169473600
7884,17,05,1975,"Edwards Show ""disgusting"" (Press, 17 May 1975)","Miss Patricia Bartlett expressed strong disapproval of Dr Brian Edward's television show during a law students’ conference on 17 May 1975. After delivering a talk on ""morality and the law,"" she openly criticized the programme, stating, “I was disgusted. I don’t think it should have been allowed on television.” Bartlett accused Dr Edwards of hypocrisy for questioning three homosexuals about their private lives on air, despite his earlier stance against an invasion of privacy through a central government computer file on Radio Windy. When challenged by a conference attendee who suggested the individuals were not compelled to answer, Bartlett maintained that it was inappropriate for any gentleman to pose such questions, leading to laughter from the audience. The discussion turned contentious when abortion was addressed, with Bartlett asserting the unborn child's right to life. She controversially claimed that the child had a greater right to life than the mother, stating that the mother had already lived half of her life. This statement incited disagreement among audience members, reflecting the sensitive nature of the topic. In a separate but related report, it was noted that twenty watersiders at Mount Maunganui were declared redundant, marking the first such redundancy in the country in five years. This decision resulted from a voluntary agreement between the Port Employers’ Association and the Mount Maunganui and Tauranga Waterside Workers’ Union.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750517_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750517.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169473600
4626,22,05,1975,"Mr Muldoon Argues About Privilege Charge (Press, 22 May 1975)","On 21 May 1975, it was announced that an alleged breach of Parliamentary privilege involving the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Muldoon, would be referred to Parliament’s Privileges Committee. This followed a ruling by the Speaker, Mr Whitehead, who stated that an article written by Mr Muldoon for the publication “Truth” constituted a prima facie breach of privilege. The announcement was made after an hour-long debate which allowed Mr Muldoon to present his explanation. In a notable decision, the hearings for the Privileges Committee will be open to media coverage, marking a significant departure from past practice. Additionally, another alleged breach of privilege involving a Wellington night-club owner, known as Carmen (Trevor Rupe), will also be investigated by the committee but in a private session. The Speaker, having initially dismissed the allegations against Carmen, reversed his earlier decision after considering the implications of a television interview in which insinuations were made about members of Parliament’s sexual orientation. During the proceedings, Mr Muldoon attempted to reference other articles and issues but was repeatedly called to order by the Speaker, who emphasised that the only matter to be determined was whether a prima facie case existed in relation to Mr Muldoon's article. Mr Muldoon contended that there was no such case and accused the Speaker of engaging in a political attack. The debate became contentious as Mr Muldoon argued that the Speaker had been biased, asserting that he had faced disproportionate rulings unfavourable to opposition speakers compared to the Government's. He insisted that this situation set a worrying precedent and was critical of the committee meeting in closed session, arguing that their decisions would be influenced by party affiliation. The Speaker maintained that, after hearing Mr Muldoon's explanation, his initial ruling had not been altered, and insisted that the case should be sent to the committee. Some members of the opposition expressed concern that the Privileges Committee would operate as a “kangaroo court” if hearings were conducted in private. However, Prime Minister Mr Rowling stated that the involvement of a party leader necessitated a different approach, allowing media access to the hearings without establishing a long-term precedent. Eventually, the House voted, and the matter was officially referred to the Privileges Committee with 44 votes in favour and 26 against. This incident highlighted tensions within Parliament regarding privilege laws, media transparency, and the balance of political power.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750522_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750522.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,169905600
4627,26,05,1975,"The Other Side Of Tv’s Jekyll And Hyde (Press, 26 May 1975)","In a review published on 26 May 1975, Brian Edwards's television performance was assessed with a mixture of criticism and praise. Although his initial programme included tasteless commentary regarding homosexuals, Edwards redeemed himself with a captivating and poignant episode aired on a Saturday night. This segment exposed the misleading practices of Filipino psychic surgeons, showcasing the extent of human gullibility among three guests who, despite witnessing a studio demonstration, remained firm in their beliefs about the surgeons' abilities. The review noted a lapse in the programme's pacing highlighted by Dr Paewai's convoluted manner of speaking, which could leave viewers confused. However, the interactions between Edwards and Dean were viewed more positively, with sketches that included political satire and humorous takes on popular television shows providing light-hearted moments. Yet, there was apprehension that Edwards might soon revert to controversial content, suggesting future topics might be equally provocative. The Friday night television landscape was described as lacking enchantment, except for a noteworthy episode of ""Coronation Street,"" which featured captivating performances from characters like Elsie Tanner. The review praised the successful hospital storyline involving Vai Barlow's child, noting that real-life medical issues can enhance viewer engagement. Also mentioned was ""Beryl's Lot,"" which offered ordinary yet relatable situations, embodying a high-quality soap opera aesthetic. The review briefly touched on a film aired as part of a series celebrating Hollywood that did not evoke much enthusiasm from the critic. ""The Six Million Dollar Man"" was presented as a modern adaptation of classic comic superheroes, engaging the audience with its entertainment value while also treading into contentious themes often avoided by more conventional programming. Finally, the review highlighted an important cultural shift in American television, noting the portrayal of a Black character as a villain in ""The Six Million Dollar Man."" This small change was seen as part of a greater trend toward diversity and equality in television, signifying advances in representation that echoed historical civil rights struggles. Overall, the review reflected the divided response to Edwards’s work and the evolving landscape of television in 1975, showcasing both the potential for high-quality programming and ongoing concerns regarding the treatment of sensitive subjects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750526_2_36_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750526.2.36.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,170251200
4628,27,05,1975,"Homosexuality Legalised In California (Press, 27 May 1975)","On 27 May 1975, California's Democratic Governor Edmund Brown Jr. signed into law a groundbreaking bill that decriminalises homosexuality and other consensual sex acts, effectively ending a decade of prohibition in the state. This legislation, referred to as the ""Gay Bill of Rights,"" marks the culmination of a six-year legislative battle characterised by intense debates and public demonstrations. The passage of the bill was marked by significant drama within the state legislature, including a situation where Senate members were locked in to ensure a quorum so that the Lieutenant Governor could return from Colorado to cast a tie-breaking vote. The final approval reflects a crucial shift in the legal status of homosexuals, with legal opinions indicating that mere homosexuality cannot constitute grounds for disqualification from medical or psychiatric services. Opponents of the bill express concerns that it will lead to ""unimaginable excesses"" and predict a detrimental impact on societal values. This sentiment is echoed by police officials who argue that allowing homosexuals to serve in law enforcement could undermine the moral integrity and trust within the police force. Police Chief Ed Davis, who has a history of adverse views on the matter, believes that hiring homosexual officers may create emotional difficulties and says that residents would be unwilling to trust their children with them. Despite these setbacks, activists note that there are already homosexual individuals within police ranks without any notable drop in morale. The community is increasingly vocal about their rights and is organising both politically and socially, with demands for the repeal of outdated sodomy laws and greater protections against discrimination. The acceptance of homosexuality is spreading across educational institutions, as laws fail to prevent gay individuals from serving as educators. Groups like the ""Gay Peoples Union"" at Stanford University receive state funding, illustrating a growing acknowledgement of homosexual rights within the broader society. The push for rights comes amid a varied political climate in California, encompassing a wide spectrum of attitudes, from conservative to liberal. Many gay activists are leveraging their growing political influence to encourage candidates to support gay issues in exchange for campaign assistance. While the passage of this bill is a historic victory for the gay rights movement in California, advocates acknowledge that there remains a long journey ahead to achieve comprehensive acceptance and protection at the national level.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750527_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750527.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,170337600
4629,28,05,1975,"Viewers’ Views (Press, 28 May 1975)","In a letter published on 28 May 1975, a writer expresses appreciation for Des Britten's cooking show, noting that he makes cooking appear enjoyable, which contrasts with the writer's own view. The writer admits to not enjoying cooking and has a humorous perspective on mishaps in the kitchen, declaring that a wet meat-and-vegetable mixture will be referred to as ""soup,"" while a dry version will be termed ""stew."" The writer jestingly wonders what Britten would think of this approach. In another part of the publication, a different correspondent expresses strong disapproval regarding the idea of self-identified homosexuals becoming school teachers. The writer is alarmed that this viewpoint is gaining acceptance and anticipates that it could become a requirement for teaching applicants to disclose any homosexual tendencies, especially with the possibility of mandatory sex education in schools. Additionally, this writer advocates for a requirement that educators should possess strong English skills, particularly correct pronunciation. The writer highlights a specific annoyance with the mix-up of ""woman"" for ""women"" when referring to the plural form. The correspondence reflects ongoing societal debates at the time about teaching ethics and language standards in education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750528_2_35_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750528.2.35.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,170424000
4014,03,06,1975,"Gay Lib. Opposes Dr Wall’s Move (Press, 3 June 1975)","Auckland is set to see the formation of a new committee aimed at opposing a controversial amendment to the Crimes Amendment Bill proposed by Dr G. A. Wall, the Member of Parliament for Porirua. This initiative comes from the Gay Liberation movement, following a recent national conference held at Auckland University. Dr Wall's amendment seeks to criminalise the act of leading individuals under the age of 20 to believe that homosexual behaviour is acceptable. The Gay Liberation movement, represented by spokesman D. R. Russell, expressed strong discontent during the conference over what they called a ""blatant violation of democratic rights."" The 100 delegates in attendance were both astonished and angered by the proposal. In response, they voted to establish a committee in Auckland, joining a similar group already formed in Wellington that is also dedicated to protesting the amendment. This amendment is scheduled to be reviewed by a Select Committee in approximately two weeks. While the delegates acknowledged that there are ""some minor progressive aspects"" within the broader Crimes Amendment Bill, they firmly rejected it, emphasising that it discriminates against homosexuals. The conference members advocated for the repeal of all antihomosexual laws and called for new legislation to prohibit discrimination against homosexual individuals. Russell pointed out specific discriminatory practices related to taxation, housing loans, and wills, which they argue should not be applicable solely to heterosexuals. The committee intends to augment the movement's efforts in education and publicity, aiming to reach out to homosexuals of various ages who may still be in denial about their sexual orientation. Their goal is to help individuals recognise their sexuality as a valid and normal preference, thereby fostering a more accepting environment within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750603_2_137.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750603.2.137,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,170942400
4630,04,06,1975,"Fears Of Homosexual Vote ‘from Ignorance’ (Press, 4 June 1975)","On 3 June 1975, Rev. F.C. Donnelly, a senior lecturer in community health at Auckland Medical School, expressed concerns regarding upcoming legislation affecting homosexuals, scheduled for discussion by Parliament in two weeks. The concerns were specifically directed at an amendment proposed by Dr. G.A. Wall, a Government MP for Porirua, as part of the Crimes Amendment Bill. Donnelly criticized the potential for MPs to vote ""from a position of ignorance,"" citing a lack of contemporary understanding and research regarding homosexuality among lawmakers. Donnelly pointed out that many members of Parliament were relying on outdated myths about homosexuality, which he deemed factually incorrect. He challenged arguments made by Dr. Wall regarding what constitutes normal versus abnormal sexuality, emphasising that modern science recognises a spectrum of sexual orientations. He noted that it is commonplace for adolescents to experience a phase of homosexual attraction, countering claims that such tendencies could be altered by external influences or propaganda. The discussion further highlighted statements from the Minister of Police, Mr. Connelly, who suggested that homosexual individuals required mental treatment rather than legal reform. Donnelly refuted this, stating that homosexuality is no longer classified as a psychiatric disorder. He also addressed comments from Opposition MP Mr. T.F. Gill, who, despite acknowledging the flaws in current law, opposed changes that could grant homosexuals ""an air of respectability."" Donnelly expressed concern that lawmakers might proceed without adequate education on the subject matter. Moreover, Donnelly stressed the importance of open conversations about sexuality, which, he argued, were crucial in coping with feelings of guilt and shame. He cautioned that restrictive measures, such as those proposed in Dr. Wall's amendment, might lead to a detrimental environment surrounding discussions of homosexuality, especially in educational settings. He noted that while Wall’s amendment permitted counselling from doctors and clergy, these professionals often lacked specialized training in sexual identity issues, which are best addressed by school counsellors and trained social workers. Donnelly concluded by asserting that the existing law on homosexuality was difficult to enforce, predicting that any new measures proposed by Dr. Wall would likely face similar enforcement challenges. He called for a more educated and thorough approach to discussions on sexuality, emphasising the relevance of these conversations in aiding young people as they navigate the complexities of sexual identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750604_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750604.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,171028800
7058,05,06,1975,"Something Of What The Children Saw (Press, 5 June 1975)","On 5 June 1975, a review was conducted of various children’s television programmes while the reviewer was confined to bed due to a cold, metaphorically comparing their illness to a conflict between Marxist guerilla viruses and Western medicine. The reviewer regretted missing ""Play School"" but managed to watch ""Spot On"", an educational programme for older children. During this show, they learned about the weaving of Māori flax skirts and were shown how to make a dessert from crushed biscuits, eggs, and coconut, noting that the hosts, Douglas and Erin, did not possess the same fluency as the renowned Des Britten. The review continued by criticising children's cartoons, briefly mentioning ""Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kids"" and ""Me and the Chimp"", the latter watched with the sound off. The reviewer found enjoyment in ""Grunt Machine"", where they admired a song by Tapestry, although they could only decipher the French lyrics. They also mentioned Vai Murphy’s pleasant rendition of “Jailhouse Blues” and the distracting flickering bulbs during a performance by the group Red Eye. A noteworthy segment of ""News at 6.30"" dealt with the Miss New Zealand Drag Queen contest, which seemed to garner respect for its winner, Miss Belinda Lee Borglase, who was praised for her potential to excel in the actual Miss New Zealand contest. Following this, the programme ""Justice"" presented an engaging story about an honest policeman facing bribery charges and a subplot involving competition for a woman's affection between two men, Sir John Gallaher and Dr Moody. The reviewer expressed a preference for Sir John, stating that modern women might appreciate being admired for their intellect rather than physicality, and suggested that Dr Moody could potentially find companionship with a secretary instead. This whimsical review reflected on cultural elements of the time, revealing sentiments on television programming, gender dynamics, and societal norms, while maintaining a light and humorous tone throughout the discussion of the shows watched.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750605_2_38_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750605.2.38.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,171115200
4631,06,06,1975,"Viewers’ Views (Press, 6 June 1975)","On 6 June 1975, controversy erupted over the airing of the “Miss New Zealand Drag Queen Contest” on the 6.30 p.m. television news, which drew criticism from viewers. Wendy Matthews expressed her discontent, describing the broadcast as crude and unnecessary. She argued that while private homosexual acts between consenting male adults might soon be legalised, showcasing such behaviour on prime-time television was unacceptable. Matthews regarded the new TV1 network as a significant misstep for New Zealand, suggesting that its content was a low point in societal standards, likening it to a disaster of historical significance. She lamented the apparent obsession with sexual topics deemed unnatural and expressed disappointment at the lack of coverage for significant events, such as the visit of Cardinal Wright, who attended a jubilee celebration at Holy Cross College in Mosgiel. Another correspondent, identified as Nauseated, echoed similar sentiments by condemning the public display of what they perceived as perversion. They bemoaned the state of television programming and called for content that aligned more closely with ""decent"" values, critiquing the network's tendency to shock audiences rather than provide uplifting or morally sound content. Additionally, a discussion arose in the letters section regarding the personal hygiene of television personalities. E.W. defended Des Britten against a critique about his on-screen habits, arguing that many professionals, such as shop assistants and chefs, often do not adhere to rigorous hygiene standards, suggesting that the public may be unaware of the realities in restaurant kitchens. E.W. argued that rather than judging Britten harshly for his actions, viewers should reflect on broader practices in the food industry and acknowledge that Britten is a capable presenter who has continued to develop his skills, including learning French. Overall, the reaction to the drag queen contest on television signifies a broader debate concerning societal values, public decency standards, and the responsibilities of media outlets in shaping public opinion and cultural norms during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750606_2_30_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750606.2.30.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,171201600
4632,12,06,1975,"Protest Against Bill (Press, 12 June 1975)","On 11 June 1975, a demonstration was held outside the Parliament Buildings in Wellington, where approximately 200 people gathered to protest against a proposed amendment to a bill seeking to legalise homosexual acts between consenting males. The amendment, put forward by Dr G. A. Wall, a Labour MP from Porirua, suggested imposing a maximum prison sentence of two years for anyone who claimed to a person under the age of 20 that homosexuality is normal. The demonstration, organised by a campaign against the Wall amendment, lasted for 80 minutes and featured a variety of speakers, including Dr Wall and other MPs from different political parties. Protesters carried banners with messages such as “Will he wipe our bottoms too ’cos we don’t want thought control.” Speakers at the event included Walter Scott from the Council for Civil Liberties and Jack Goodwin from the Homosexual Law Reform Society. When Dr Wall took to the stage amidst heckling, he argued that the amendment was not an infringement on free speech and claimed it was necessary to prevent the promotion of homosexuality as normal among young students. In response, Pauline Simmonds from the Sisters for Homophile Equality passionately declared her belief in her normalcy and rejected Wall’s views. The event drew attention to a range of conflicting opinions within Parliament itself. Two Labour MPs, Mr C. R. Marshall and Dr M. R. Bassett, publicly voiced their opposition to the amendment, along with National Party members W. F. Birch and D. A. Highet, who also delivered brief speeches against it. The controversial Crimes Amendment Bill, which includes Dr Wall’s amendment, had been delayed but was scheduled to be debated again in Parliament soon. Initially placed at thirtieth on the Order Paper with 33 items, it was reinstated to a more prominent second position after the Budget debate concluded. The second reading of the bill was anticipated to involve a “conscience vote,” allowing members of Parliament from both parties to express their individual opinions without party discipline.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750612_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750612.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,171720000
4015,13,06,1975,"‘Threat To Free Speech’ (Press, 13 June 1975)","A public meeting held at the University of Canterbury on 12 June 1975 condemned Dr G. A. Wall's proposed amendment to the Crimes Amendment Bill, arguing it infringed on free speech, a fundamental democratic right. Approximately 50 attendees voiced their concerns regarding the amendment, which makes it an offence to lead anyone under 20 to believe that homosexuality is normal, punishable by up to two years in prison. This would cover various forms of media, including books and films, although medical practitioners and clergy in a counselling capacity are exempt from these provisions. Critics described Dr Wall as someone who aligns with a discriminatory viewpoint that privileges heterosexuality over homosexuality. Trade unionist Mr P. Piesse voiced his opposition to the amendment, the bill, and existing legislation, echoing sentiments from Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau that the government should not interfere in the private lives of citizens. Mr K. Osborn, representing the Council of Civil Liberties, argued that the amendment threatened free speech and fell into the dangerous terrain of exacerbating prejudice against minorities. Clinical psychologist Mr R. Stanley highlighted that the amendment would violate ethical guidelines for his profession, stating it would compel professionals to choose between their duties to clients and adherence to the law. He described the amendment as poorly conceived, emphasising that homosexuality is just as normal for homosexuals as heterosexuality is for heterosexuals. The president of the University of Canterbury Students' Association, Mr P. Dunne, expressed concern over Dr Wall's presence in the Labour Party, suggesting that this was a point of embarrassment for the party, and mentioned that Dr Wall's focus should be on his constituents in Porirua rather than attacking the gay liberation movement. The Labour Youth Movement, represented by Miss Vicki Buck, also denounced the amendment, stressing that it contradicts the principles of democracy and egalitarianism foundational to the Labour Party, and recognised the attempt to restrict free speech as an unacceptable overreach.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750613_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750613.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,171806400
4633,14,06,1975,"Support For Reform (Press, 14 June 1975)","On 14 June 1975, a significant policy meeting of the Lincoln College Students' Association revealed strong support for the reform of New Zealand's laws concerning homosexuality. With over 150 students in attendance, the meeting endorsed, in principle, the recommendations made by the Crimes Amendment Committee, which aimed to liberalise existing laws related to homosexuality. The students supported a call for the New Zealand Government to lower the age of consent for homosexual relations to 16 years, aligning it with the age of consent for heterosexual relationships and female homosexuals. This stance was consistent with the broader policy of the New Zealand University Students' Association, which had previously encouraged its constituent associations to foster sexual liberation groups on university campuses. This meeting marked a pivotal moment in advocating for the reform of laws that had historically been restrictive towards homosexual individuals in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750614_2_150.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750614.2.150,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,171892800
4634,16,06,1975,"Parents’ Association Explains Its Stand (Press, 16 June 1975)","On 16 June 1975, the Concerned Parents' Association responded to an accusation made by Christchurch psychiatrist Dr J. R. E. Dobson, who described the group as “a pressure group trying to keep young people ignorant.” This statement came in light of the association's stance against the inclusion of topics such as abortion and contraception in school curriculums. The contention arose following remarks by Mr I. J. Melville, president of the Social Workers' Association, who advocated for school courses on human relationships, which would cover these subjects. The Concerned Parents' Association clarified that it does not oppose the teaching of the biological facts of human reproduction in high schools. However, they prefer that discussions on these topics for younger children occur on a voluntary basis, ideally outside of school hours, and preferably with parental involvement to accommodate varying maturity levels among children. The association expressed its aim to inform parents about sex education programmes, both locally and internationally, highlighting the importance of safeguarding children and parents in these educational matters. They encourage individual parents to educate themselves and take action regarding what their children are taught. In its statement, the association also critiqued the stance of the College of Psychiatrists, which appears to support changes in laws regarding contraception and abortion, as well as advocating for the inclusion of viewpoints aligned with these issues in school sex education programmes. The Concerned Parents’ Association firmly stated its position against the teaching and discussion of such subjects in primary and intermediate schools, maintaining that these issues should not be part of the school curriculum at those levels.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750616_2_172.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750616.2.172,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172065600
6585,16,06,1975,"Players Wrestle With Tough Script (Press, 16 June 1975)","The Riccarton Players presented a production of ""Female Transport,"" a play by Australian playwright Steve Gooch, directed by Doug Clarke. The play, which ran from 14 to 21 June 1975 at the Nelson Street Hall, focuses on the experiences of six female convicts on their journey to Botany Bay. Despite its limited plot, the play offers rich opportunities for character development and powerful performances. This performance marked what is believed to be the first production of ""Female Transport"" in New Zealand. The characters include a variety of personalities, such as a brash pickpocket, experienced prostitutes, a rebellious woman who has attacked the law, a lesbian con artist, and a reluctant matron. Five of these women reach Sydney, where the harsh realities of their existence profoundly impact them. While the Riccarton Players maintained a commendable overall standard, the review suggests they did not fully exploit the play's potential, particularly in displaying the complexity of the dialogue. The interactions among the prisoners, along with their encounters with Tommy the gaoler, his Sergeant, and the initially compassionate ship’s surgeon, provide the dramatics that are central to the piece. However, the production was affected by cuts that removed strong language, possibly diluting emotional depth, and by the inexperience of the cast, resulting in a somewhat superficial tone. Notable performances included Janet Jamieson, who delivered a powerful portrayal, and Pearl Carpenter, with Jean McKenzie, Linda Scott, Peggy Millar, and Barbara Ambrosius also showing commendable performances. Richard Parsons effectively depicted the character development of Tommy, while Ray Sangrouber faced challenges in conveying the sergeant’s authority. The review credits Geoff Cole and Doug Clarke for completing the cast. Despite its shortcomings, the review expresses optimism for the play, noting that with audience support, it has the potential to improve significantly. The production already exhibited more pace than many local efforts, making it a worthwhile endeavour overall.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750616_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750616.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172065600
4016,16,06,1975,"Underground Gay Lib.? (Press, 16 June 1975)","On 16 June 1975, the Gay Liberation Front expressed concerns regarding a proposed amendment to the Crimes Amendment Bill suggested by Dr G. A. Wall. Mr P. R. H. Maling, the organisation's publicity officer, stated that if this amendment were enacted, it would push the gay community back into secrecy, much like historically persecuted religious minorities. He argued that curtailing freedom of speech, as proposed by Dr Wall, would negatively impact not only the gay community but also those providing support, such as social workers and psychologists. Maling emphasised that individuals seeking guidance regarding their sexual orientation would be discouraged from approaching Gay Liberation for understanding and acceptance. He warned that the proposed legislation would significantly hinder the organisation's efforts to educate the public about homosexuality. Additionally, Maling pointed out that media outlets might become cautious about covering gay activities due to potential legal repercussions stemming from the amendment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750616_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750616.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172065600
4635,18,06,1975,"Debate On Private Bills Ruled Out (Press, 18 June 1975)","On 17 June 1975, the New Zealand Government, led by Deputy Prime Minister Mr Tizard, announced its decision to prioritise government business in Parliament starting from the following day. This move is expected to provoke a significant confrontation with the Opposition. The government indicated that this prioritisation would remain in effect for the remainder of the parliamentary session, effectively sidelining private members' bills unless exceptions were granted. Among the private member's bills that could be impacted is the Crimes Amendment Bill, proposed by National Party member Mr V. S. Young from Egmont, which aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private. The government currently has around 30 pieces of legislation on the Order Paper, with more under consideration by Select Committees, in addition to the anticipated introduction of major legislation such as the revised Commerce Bill before the session concludes. The decision to give precedence to government business so early in the session is viewed as controversial, and the Opposition is preparing to contest this move vigorously. The situation highlights ongoing tensions within the New Zealand Parliament regarding legislative priorities and the treatment of private members' initiatives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750618_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750618.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172238400
4638,19,06,1975,"‘Flagrant Denial Of Human Rights’ (Press, 19 June 1975)","On 19 June 1975, the Canterbury Council for Civil Liberties voiced strong opposition to an amendment to the Crimes Amendment Bill proposed by Dr G. A. Wall. The council characterised the amendment as a severe infringement on fundamental human rights, specifically the rights to free expression and association. Dr Wall's proposed amendment sought to make it an offence to invite individuals under the age of 20 to join organisations that advocate for the normalisation of homosexual behaviour. The council argued that this provision would undermine individuals' rights to form associations based on shared beliefs or ideologies. According to the council, the amendment would violate internationally recognised human rights, including those outlined in the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. They noted that the move appeared to reflect Dr Wall's personal beliefs on homosexuality, which were described as a minority viewpoint, and expressed concern that he was attempting to impose these views through public policy. The amendment was seen as posing a substantial threat not only to democratic rights overall but also to the freedoms of opinion leaders, such as educators and researchers. The council warned that the implications of the amendment could stifle academic thought and discourse, ultimately preventing the publication of research findings and hindering the development of open debate. Furthermore, the council highlighted that groups supporting homosexual individuals could face condemnation and operational challenges if the amendment were to be enacted. The overarching message from the Canterbury Council for Civil Liberties was a firm defense of the rights to express opinions and associate freely, stressing that Dr Wall’s proposals would hinder progress and the recognition of diverse perspectives in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750619_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750619.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172324800
4636,19,06,1975,"Chance For Bill On Homosexuality (Press, 19 June 1975)","On 19 June 1975, the Prime Minister of New Zealand, Mr. Rowling, indicated that the Crimes Amendment Bill, which aims to legalise homosexual acts in private between consenting adult males, would progress through Parliament if it received majority support. This statement was made in the context of a parliamentary debate regarding the prioritisation of government business over private members' legislation. Mr. Rowling noted that the bill would be treated as an issue of conscience, meaning that MPs could vote according to their beliefs rather than party lines, and time would be allocated for a second reading debate. If the bill received enough support at this stage, it could proceed through committee and third-reading stages toward becoming law. Conversely, if rejected during the second reading, the bill would stop progressing. The Prime Minister was responding specifically to remarks made by the Deputy Leader of the Opposition, Mr. Taiboys, who had expressed concern that the government caucus had already decided that the bill would not progress beyond the second reading. Mr. Rowling reassured Parliament that the bill would move forward for debate. However, Mr. Taiboys and Leader of the Opposition, Mr. Muldoon, contended that the government was attempting to sideline the bill due to the sensitive nature of the issue, particularly in an election year. Mr. Muldoon referred to the timing of the resolution to prioritise government business as unprecedented in his 15 years in Parliament and implied that the government's urgency to pass financial and electoral bills was pretextual. Mr. Rowling argued that timely passage of the Crimes Amendment Bill was crucial and that certain financial bills following the budget had deadlines for enactment, particularly those necessary for government departments' operations before the upcoming election. Mr. Faulkner, the Minister of Labour, critiqued Mr. Muldoon's focus on the Crimes Amendment Bill, arguing that other significant issues, such as redundancy measures and the Waterfront Industry Bill, needed attention since they had broader implications for the populace. In summary, the debate highlighted the tension between the government's desire to push through critical financial legislation and the necessity for a broader discussion about social issues such as homosexuality, which the Crimes Amendment Bill represents. The split within the Labour Party on this contentious issue also suggests deeper divisions on social reform within the government ranks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750619_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750619.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172324800
4637,19,06,1975,"Dr Wall: No Attack On Free Speech (Press, 19 June 1975)","On 19 June 1975, Dr G. A. Wall, a Labour MP from Porirua, defended his controversial amendment to the Crimes Amendment Bill, which aims to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males. The amendment, however, proposes to make it illegal to suggest to individuals under 20 that homosexuality is normal. Dr Wall's remarks follow criticism from various members of the Labour Party, including David Shand, Roger Debreceni, and Judith Aitken, who contend that the amendment undermines freedom of speech, lacks a clear definition of what is deemed 'natural', and disregards factual evidence suggesting otherwise. Dr Wall expressed disappointment that critics did not accurately engage with the content of his amendment. He emphasised that the term 'natural' is not included in it and that the criticisms stem from a misunderstanding of its implications. He stated that the amendment would not restrict adult free speech and pointed out that society has always accepted some limitations on discourse directed at children. He argued that codifying this principle in law represents a continuation of customary social norms rather than a significant shift. Dr Wall also addressed concerns about the amendment's enforceability and the potential political ramifications for the Labour Party. He dismissed claims made by Shand that the amendment could adversely impact electoral performance, stating that homosexuality is not an official party policy issue and thus should not influence the party's standing with voters. He drew parallels to the late Norman Kirk's previous stances on the issue, suggesting the amendment would have no more impact than Kirk's outspoken positions. Overall, the amendment and Dr Wall's defence of it highlight an ongoing debate regarding legalising homosexuality and the limits of free speech, especially in relation to discussions with younger individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750619_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750619.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172324800
4639,20,06,1975,"Dr Wall’s Amendment May Go No Further (Press, 20 June 1975)","On 19 June 1975, New Zealand Prime Minister Mr Rowling addressed the controversial amendment to the Crimes Amendment Bill during a statement that effectively undermined its prospects. The bill, originally proposed by Mr V. S. Young from the National Party, aimed to legalise homosexual acts in private between consenting adult males. However, Dr G. A. Wall from the Labour Party moved an amendment that sought to criminalise attempts to persuade individuals under the age of 20 that homosexuality was “normal.” Mr Rowling made it clear that he would not facilitate the required Governor-General’s “message” for the amendment, signalling significant opposition to its adoption. When pressed on what he might do if it appeared that Members of Parliament (M.P.s) were inclined to support the amendment, Mr Rowling expressed confidence in his understanding of the prevailing mood within Parliament. This statement pointed towards a broader resistance within the government to endorse the amendment, reflecting the contentious nature of the bill and the societal attitudes towards homosexuality at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750620_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750620.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172411200
4641,21,06,1975,"A Place For Children In A Homosexual Home? (Press, 21 June 1975)","In June 1975, Dianne, a lesbian mother living with her partner Wendy in Christchurch, shared her experiences of being a voting woman while navigating the challenges of motherhood and her sexual orientation. Dianne, who had previously been married at 16, had two children, a boy and a girl, aged seven and four. Her marriage was troubled, as her husband struggled with alcoholism and infidelity, leading to significant unhappiness for the family. After meeting Wendy, Dianne initially resisted acknowledging her feelings for her partner, desiring instead to conform to the image of an ordinary, married woman. However, she eventually accepted her love for Wendy and they embarked on a life together. They contemplated contesting custody of Dianne's children but were advised against it by their lawyer, who noted the lack of precedent for a lesbian mother winning custody while living with another woman. The couple chose to focus on providing support for the children rather than pursuing legal confrontation. Dianne maintains visiting rights and travels to Auckland during school holidays to see her children. Although her ex-husband has legal custody, Dianne believes that if he were to pass away, the children would revert to her care. Dianne finds it ironic that had she and Wendy not formed a household together, she might have been more likely to retain custody. Interestingly, her ex-husband has remarried and has developed a positive relationship with Dianne, with both families meeting amicably. Their children acknowledge Wendy as ""Aunty Wendy,"" integrating her into their lives despite the unconventional family structure. Dianne and Wendy reflect on the initial bitterness they faced but recognise that the situation has improved. Dianne, while only able to visit her children, finds comfort in knowing that they are thriving in a happy environment with their stepmother. Wendy expresses her guilt over the circumstances but acknowledges that Dianne's ex-husband and his wife have created a loving home for the children. Both women believe that despite their children's current living situation, they would have thrived in a dual-mother household as well and highlight that children do not simply become homosexual due to their upbringing. They argue that their relationship would not prevent children from growing up as well-adjusted individuals. Dianne and Wendy, both from conventional heterosexual backgrounds, are clear that sexual orientation is innate and cannot be altered by circumstance. Moreover, the couple expresses a desire to adopt children, sharing that many childless lesbian women at a recent convention echoed this wish. Wendy, a trained children’s nurse, asserts that they could provide a loving and supportive home, filled with love, money, and security.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750621_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750621.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172497600
4017,21,06,1975,"Gay Lib. ‘strategies’ (Press, 21 June 1975)","On 21 June 1975, the spokesperson for the Christchurch Gay Liberation Front, Mr M. Waghome, announced the organisation's intentions to implement election strategies that could significantly impact the Labour Party and Members of Parliament (M.P.s) who hold anti-homosexual views. During a Thursday evening statement, Mr Waghome refrained from detailing the specific strategies being developed but indicated that plans were progressing well, including discussions with the Prime Minister. Mr Waghome specifically challenged the Prime Minister's assertion that proposed homosexual legislation would not influence voting patterns. He argued that this viewpoint overlooked the presence and influence of the Values and Social Credit parties, which could play a pivotal role in the upcoming elections. He suggested that the strategies of the Liberation Front could sway voters in marginal electoral seats, indicating that these areas would be a focus for Front members working to support candidates from other parties. In response to comments made by former Prime Minister Harry Rowling regarding the parliamentary mood on homosexuality, Mr Waghome expressed frustration. He pointed out that the estimated 75,000 to 150,000 homosexual individuals in New Zealand were becoming increasingly intolerant of politicians who seem reluctant to engage with the issue, drawing a parallel to the repeated discussions on the abortion debate that unfold every three years. This statement underscores the urgency and significance of the homosexual rights movement in the context of New Zealand's political landscape during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750621_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750621.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172497600
4642,21,06,1975,"The Press Saturday, June 21, 1975. Law On... (Press, 21 June 1975)","On 21 June 1975, a discussion took place concerning an amendment to the Crimes Amendment Bill, which sought to address laws regarding homosexuality in New Zealand. The amendment, proposed by Dr G. A. Wall, the member of Parliament for Ponrua, aimed to make it illegal for anyone to lead individuals under the age of 20 to believe that homosexual behaviour was ""normal."" This proposal received little support, with critics asserting that it was repressive and infringed on the right to hold and express opinions. They argued that such a restriction would complicate valuable educational efforts that contribute to personal and social development. Despite the proposed amendment, it was widely expected that it would be rejected by Parliament if put to a vote. Meanwhile, the main aspect of the Crimes Amendment Bill intended to amend the Crimes Act and legalise consensual homosexual behaviour among adults remained a focal point. However, the current draft of the bill set the age of consent for male homosexuals higher than that for heterosexual and female homosexual behaviours, raising concerns about legal equality for male homosexuals. The Government had indicated that private members' legislation, including this bill, would take a back seat to government business, which is not unexpected given the political climate of the time. Nevertheless, the Prime Minister reassured that time would be allocated for the Crimes Amendment Bill to proceed to a second reading soon. Political parties, both major ones, appeared hesitant to take a strong stance on the issue of homosexuality, likely due to fears of potential backlash from voters at the polls. However, an abundance of expert evidence from medical, psychological, social, and legal perspectives overwhelmingly supported the liberalisation of existing laws to at least the extent proposed in the Amendment Bill. To mitigate the damage done to the Labour Party's reputation by Dr Wall’s controversial amendment, it was imperative for the Government to ensure that procedural obstacles would not delay the bill's progress once it was brought forward for further consideration. This situation reflected the broader societal tensions surrounding the legal status of homosexuality and underscored the complexities of political leadership on such socially sensitive issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750621_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750621.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172497600
4640,21,06,1975,"The Week In The House Sessional Watershed, And... (Press, 21 June 1975)","In the week leading up to 21 June 1975, significant developments transpired within the New Zealand Parliament, particularly concerning the motion for Government business to take precedence on Wednesdays. This contentious motion faced intense debate, with Opposition members expressing concerns that it was aimed at stifling discussions around Mr V. S. Young’s Crimes Amendment Bill. The fear was that allowing the bill to proceed could result in ""conscience"" voting, ultimately revealing the views of members to an electorate that is increasingly sensitive to the issues at stake. Mr Young's bill, which addresses the legal ramifications surrounding homosexual acts, particularly Dr G. A. Wall’s amendment that seeks to impose up to two years of imprisonment for informing younger individuals that such acts are normal, has sparked considerable backlash from educators and other groups. This outcry has made many members hesitant to openly declare their positions, especially if the bill were to go to a free vote, where the anticipated outcome would be close. Reports suggest that if the vote were held freely, the bill would likely fail by a narrow margin, indicative of a divided caucus and a tense political atmosphere. Additionally, the Prime Minister, Mr Rowling, has committed to holding a second-reading debate on this bill, but the timing of this debate remains uncertain, as it is under his discretion. Also noteworthy is that the decision to prioritise Government business has resulted in six other private measures, including some from Government members, being sidelined along with numerous pending motions—totaling around 50 on the Order Paper. This week also witnessed continued clashes between the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Muldoon, and the Speaker of the House, Mr Whitehead. Notably, the Speaker rejected Mr Muldoon’s calls to adjourn the House to discuss matters pertaining to an Auckland hospital. Despite these conflicts, a somewhat calmer atmosphere prevailed for parts of the week. However, the general climate of reasoned debate seen in other parliamentary systems was noticeably absent. Debate on three significant finance bills took up much of the parliamentary agenda, including the Land and Income Tax (Annual) Bill and its Amendment. Historically, these bills have been debated in conjunction, but this week, they were handled separately. The inefficiency of the ""oral"" questions process continued to be problematic, with 26 questions left unanswered by the time the House adjourned, resulting in 31 questions postponed for written responses. Notably, many of the questions raised sparked brief discussions, adding to the sense of time wastage. Nevertheless, some legislative progress was made, including the completion of the Sale of Liquor Amendment Bill and the second-reading debate on the Primary Products Marketing Regulations Validation and Confirmation Bill, which had been pending since April 22. Looking ahead to the following week, it is anticipated that more time will be allocated to addressing the growing legislative backlog.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750621_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750621.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172497600
6586,25,06,1975,"'Box' For Adults (Press, 25 June 1975)","On 21 June 1975, the New Zealand government announced that the Australian television series ""The Box"" would be screened in the country during adult viewing hours in the afternoon, but it would not be shown during school holidays. This information was delivered in Parliament by the Postmaster-General, Mr Colman, in response to questions from Opposition spokesman, Mr H. J. Walker. Mr Walker raised concerns about the series, citing a newspaper report that suggested it could ""shock some people"" due to its portrayal of homosexual and lesbian relationships, illicit love affairs, and provocative dialogue. He questioned whether it was the government's policy to allow television content that he believed could undermine moral values and recognised standards of decency. In his reply, Mr Colman stated that ""The Box"" had enjoyed a successful run during peak viewing times in Australia for the past 18 months. He noted that aside from some initial comments, there had been little significant reaction to the series. Mr Colman expressed his belief that the show would not lower standards in New Zealand television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750625_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750625.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172843200
4643,25,06,1975,"Carmen In Committee (Press, 25 June 1975)","On 25 June 1975, Parliament's Privileges Committee did not reach a conclusion on the evidence presented by Wellington night club owner, Trevor Rupe, who is known by his stage name Carmen. The committee will continue deliberations next week regarding allegations that Rupe breached parliamentary privilege by suggesting that certain members of Parliament might be homosexual or bisexual. Rupe attended the hearing dressed in a striking black dress adorned with sequins, complemented by black stockings and distinctive black-and-white shoes. Prior to his appearance, he expressed feelings of nervousness but reassured the media that he was not overly concerned, as he had not specifically named any members of Parliament in his remarks. Accompanied by his lawyer, Mr R. Stacey, Rupe entered the committee chamber at 10:08 a.m. and spent approximately one hour giving his evidence. The hearing also involved television reporter Spencer Jolly, who had previously interviewed Rupe for the ""News at Nine"" broadcast, and was summoned to provide his testimony as well. The committee's ongoing investigations into the matter reflect the sensitive nature of the allegations and the potential implications for the involved parties.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750625_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750625.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,172843200
4018,27,06,1975,"‘Destruction Of Sexism' (Press, 27 June 1975)","On 27 June 1975, a meeting was held to discuss the “destruction of sexism” in New Zealand, featuring representatives from various groups including University Feminists, Gay Liberation, and the Social Credit League. The gathering aimed to explore social and political policies needed to eliminate sexism and promote a non-sexist society, particularly in light of the upcoming elections. This event was part of “Gay Pride Week.” The discussions delved into several topics, covering the attitudes of Parliament towards women and the LGBTQ+ community, as well as the importance of non-sexist literature and the oppression faced by women within society. Lindsay Taylor, the “gay rights” officer for the Students’ Association, emphasised the necessity for political parties to be more mindful of their platforms in order to win the support of women and those in Gay Liberation. He indicated that these voters would prefer candidates who advocate for their rights. Mr A. Easterbrook, the Social Credit candidate for Christchurch Central, claimed that his party would present the largest number of female candidates in the upcoming elections, challenging other parties' track records. He argued that women are better suited to make decisions on issues affecting them, such as abortion, which he stated should be a matter for women to decide, as it directly impacts their lives. During the meeting, various accounts were shared regarding the societal roles of women. Some participants spoke of the struggles faced by women who were unable to leave their homes because their husbands refused to care for children. Others highlighted that women often hesitated to take on leadership roles in school and sporting committees or to engage in trade union activities due to societal expectations. Many women felt pressured to adhere to traditional roles as wives and mothers, and as a result, had limited opportunities to challenge this status quo. Overall, the meeting served as a platform for advocates of women’s and LGBTQ+ rights to articulate the need for systemic change and to rally support for a more inclusive and equitable society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750627_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750627.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173016000
4644,28,06,1975,"The “bumhug” Of Sociology (Press, 28 June 1975)","""Permissive Britain"" by Christie Davies explores the evolution of societal attitudes towards morality and law in the context of increasing permissiveness in Western society. The book, which is structured as a serious sociological study, delves into various contentious areas such as drug dependence, abortion, homosexuality, promiscuity, and censorship. Davies, a sociologist, challenges the reader’s expectations by offering alternative perspectives on these issues. For instance, he controversially links the decline of the British Empire to greater acceptance of homosexual behaviour, arguing that the needs of the Empire once dictated repressive attitudes towards homosexuals to maintain military discipline. According to Davies, a significant shift has occurred in the last two decades where the foundation of criminal law is transitioning from traditional moral codes to a framework based on ""causality."" This means laws are being evaluated not on moral grounds but on the perceived outcomes they produce, with the aim of reducing harm. The book explains how changes in law are increasingly driven by empirical analysis rather than ideological beliefs. Davies discusses various examples, such as capital punishment, where lawmakers debate whether its existence causes more harm than good versus the fear of losing a deterrent. He illustrates that while many laws have shifted towards more permissive attitudes, cases like the breathalyser demonstrate that certain regulations can be justified when less individual freedom is seen as in society's best interest. Through careful argumentation, Davies positions himself as a reform advocate, particularly against censorship, while expressing his discomfort with the broader implications of the permissive society. He underscores a societal paradox where individuals demand moral accountability from society despite living in an era where moral expectations on them are minimal. This paradox contributes to increased unhappiness, stemming from the ease with which superficial pleasures can be obtained, which often lack long-term satisfaction. Davies presents a case for reintroducing self-discipline, using the ""Synanon"" model from the United States as a successful framework for drug rehabilitation. He argues that rigorous self-control is essential for confronting self-destructive behaviours, suggesting that structured smaller societies may be necessary to instil a sense of purpose. His work critiques the rampant promotion of instant gratification which can render people miserable, advocating for a balance between immediate pleasures and delayed gratification. Additionally, he offers a cynical view on the sociology profession, questioning the sincerity and efficacy of sociologists who often discuss deviance without engaging with it substantively. Overall, ""Permissive Britain"" stands as a thought-provoking critique of societal changes, exploring the complexities of human behaviour, morality, and the implications of increasing permissiveness in British society during the 1970s. The text encourages reflection on how societal norms are evolving and challenges the reader to think critically about the nature of morality and its role within contemporary culture.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750628_2_82_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750628.2.82.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173102400
4019,30,06,1975,"""Gay Pride” March (Press, 30 June 1975)","On 30 June 1975, approximately 50 individuals participated in a march in Christchurch's central shopping district to commemorate ""Gay Pride"" week. Organised by the Gay Liberation Organisation, the event began in Victoria Square at around 7.15 p.m. The marchers proceeded down Colombo Street, passed through Cathedral Square, and continued along High Street and Cashel Street before retracing their steps back to Victoria Square. The event concluded without any reported incidents, highlighting a peaceful demonstration in support of gay rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750630_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750630.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173275200
4645,04,07,1975,"Homosexual Law Reform Most Speakers Oppose... (Press, 4 July 1975)","On 3 July 1975, a palpable consensus against the proposed Crimes Amendment Bill emerged during its second reading in the New Zealand Parliament. This bill aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults. Four principal viewpoints were presented: some believe the existing law is unfair and wrong, others find it unworkable but unjust, while a few feel it is right and fair, and others see it as right and just. Introduced by Mr V. S. Young, the bill allows members to vote based on personal convictions, rather than party alignment. Many speakers commended Young for enduring significant pressure since he first brought forth the bill a year prior. Although it received Select Committee support, that backing was not unanimous. Young noted that, whilst the bill would not render homosexual acts socially acceptable, it might enhance community understanding of the challenges faced by a small minority. He argued that repealing sections 141 and 142 of the Crimes Act would alleviate human suffering and highlighted the discriminatory nature of current laws which do not penalise women for similar acts. Young stated that criminal sanctions have often deterred homosexuals from seeking necessary medical or psychological assistance, thereby exacerbating their struggles. He suggested that passing the bill would bring New Zealand in line with other English-speaking nations, even though it wouldn’t position the country as a leader in social reform. Essentially, submissions from individuals who directly faced the issues associated with homosexuality were predominantly supportive of the bill. Opposition speakers had varied motivations and tactics, although they were generally respectful towards their opponents. However, MP J.N. Kirk expressed a more aggressive stance, labelling supporters as engaging in a “scramble for publicity.” He argued that legislation should not condone what he viewed as weakness and claimed that the bill would only encourage more extreme activism from gay liberationists. Interestingly, despite both main political parties affirming support for some degree of homosexual law reform at their annual conferences, most speakers in the initial stages opposed this particular bill. Many held the belief that homosexuality is unnatural. A proposed amendment by Dr G.A. Wall regarding publicity for homosexuality gained no backing beyond Wall himself. The assembly was notably sparsely attended, and the audience remained silent throughout, contrasting with more vocal crowds for other legislation such as the Hospitals' Amendment Act. Proponents of the bill distinguished between legality and morality, advocating for equal treatment of homosexual acts for women and men, arguing that the current laws forced individuals into a choice between self-denial or legal infractions. Leader of the Opposition, Mr Muldoon, backed the bill by referring to notable New Zealanders adversely affected by criminal laws. Nonetheless, opponents expressed concerns about potential moral implications, equating the bill to a license for immorality. Additionally, Mr K.R. Allen raised alarms over the bill’s perceived lack of defined terms and safeguards. The debate highlighted a significant divide in opinions, particularly among older male members of Parliament. Only one member, Mr F.D. O'Flynn, indicated he would abstain, citing apprehensions about the bill's safeguards. Dr Wall, supporting the bill but cautious, sought assurances against proselytising minors, revealing the moral complexities surrounding the topic and the division within societal and legislative perspectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750704_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750704.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173620800
4647,05,07,1975,"Homosexual Bill Voted Out (Press, 5 July 1975)","On 4 July 1975, Mr V. S. Young, a member of Parliament from Egmont, expressed disappointment after his Crimes Amendment Bill, aimed at legalising homosexual acts between consenting adult males in private, was denied a second reading by a vote of 34 to 29. The vote followed a lengthy debate lasting over five hours, during which various members of Parliament spoke their opinions on the bill. A noticeable increase in public attendance occurred right before the vote. The outcome of the vote was closely contested, reflecting the divisive nature of the issue among MPs. Of the 34 members who voted against the bill, 18 opposed it, while 15 expressed support. One MP, Mr F. D. O’Flynn, indicated that he would abstain from voting, acknowledging he saw some merit in changing the law but lacked confidence in the proposed safeguards. Mr Young commended the quality of debate in Parliament, noting that numerous MPs were willing to articulate their individual viewpoints. Among them was Sir Keith Holyoake, who revealed a shift in his perspective on the bill compared to previous years. He had once been opposed but now recognised the mental distress individuals faced due to the current laws and decided that the penalties were excessive and unjustifiable. Despite the defeat, Mr Young took some comfort in the support from key figures, including the Prime Minister, Mr Rowling, and other cabinet ministers who remained in the House for the vote. He noted the importance of having more widespread backing on such controversial issues, expressing that a tighter margin of victory would not have satisfied him. Looking ahead, Mr Young believed future legislation on homosexuality was likely, though he was unsure when this might occur. He speculated that significant change in parliamentary representation or public sentiment would be required for progress. His own work on the bill had consumed a year, attracting a mix of support, congratulations, and opposition through correspondence. While he welcomed logical arguments against his proposal, he condemned any expression of bigotry related to the topic. He reassured supporters that their efforts had not been in vain and remained optimistic that societal change regarding homosexuality would eventually materialise, asserting his belief that ""the change which must come, will come.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750705_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750705.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173707200
4646,05,07,1975,"M.p.s Called Cowards (Press, 5 July 1975)","On 4 July 1975, during a session of the House of Representatives, 23 members chose not to vote on the Crimes Amendment Bill, prompting criticism from Rev. F. C. Donnelly, a Roman Catholic priest and senior lecturer at the University of Auckland Medical School. Donnelly, who is a prominent advocate for homosexual law reform, described the absence of nearly a quarter of elected representatives as ""complete irresponsibility and moral cowardice."" He acknowledged that some members could have been absent due to illness or urgent matters but deemed it unacceptable for so many to miss a vote on legislation that significantly impacts their constituents. In his remarks, Donnelly expressed concern over the quality of debate among politicians, suggesting that many lawmakers were driven by ignorance or religious bias when casting their votes. He noted that despite references to compassion made by some politicians during the discussion, their attitudes and voting behaviour did not reflect any true sense of compassion towards the issues at hand. This commentary highlights the tension surrounding the bill and the differing perspectives among those in Parliament regarding topics related to homosexuality and reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750705_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750705.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173707200
4648,05,07,1975,"Mr Rowling “surprised” (Press, 5 July 1975)","On 4 July 1975, New Zealand Prime Minister Mr Rowling addressed the recent Parliamentary vote against homosexual law reform, interpreting it as a rejection of change in public moral standards. Mr Rowling expressed surprise that the bill introduced by Mr V. S. Young, a National Party member from Egmont, failed to receive a second reading in the House. He suggested that the amendments to the bill might have deterred some members from supporting it. Notably, Mr Rowling, who had previously backed the bill in earlier votes, indicated that reform in this area would need to be postponed while the community processes the issue. Despite the vote, he acknowledged that the topic of homosexual law reform would likely continue to arise in future discussions among proponents of change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750705_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750705.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173707200
4650,05,07,1975,"Reform Group To Press On (Press, 5 July 1975)","On 5 July 1975, Mr J. W. Goodwin, the secretary of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society, stated that opponents of homosexual law reform had inadvertently kept the issue in the public eye. His comments followed the defeat of the Crimes Amendment Bill, a private member’s bill introduced by MP Mr V. Young. Goodwin suggested that if those opposed to the topic had truly wanted it to fade from discussion, they should have supported the bill, as its defeat ensured continued debate. He noted that the parliamentary vote was particularly significant, occurring exactly eight years after the House of Commons had endorsed homosexual law reform in the UK after numerous unsuccessful attempts. Goodwin highlighted that the failure of the bill in New Zealand did not signify a definitive rejection of the cause, especially given that over 20 members of Parliament did not participate in the vote. He pointed out the absence of three key Cabinet Ministers who typically advocated for homosexual law reform: Prime Minister Mr Rowling, Minister of Justice Dr Finlay, and Minister of Tourism Mrs Tirikatene-Sullivan, all of whom were out of the country at the time. Goodwin expressed gratitude to Mr Young for his persistent efforts in advancing the private member's bill over the past year, framing the continued attention on the subject as a potential opportunity for future discussions and reforms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750705_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750705.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173707200
4649,05,07,1975,"The Week In The House Six Measures Passed (Press, 5 July 1975)","During the week leading up to 5 July 1975, New Zealand's Parliament experienced a busy session, marked by the passage of six significant legislative measures and the rejection of another. The week saw reduced antagonism between political parties compared to previous sessions, although there remained enough contention to keep members engaged into the early hours of the morning on Tuesday. With Prime Minister Mr Rowling attending the South Pacific Forum in Tonga, Deputy Prime Minister Mr Tizard expedited discussions on three financial measures. The Opposition contested the Land and Income Tax Amendment (No. 31-51), but after five votes and three hours of debate, the way was clear for subsequent standard Budget measures. The committee stages for the Land and Income Tax Amendment Bill and the annual bill concluded efficiently within 90 and 101 minutes, respectively, as they are typically debated together. The Opposition pressed on special issues, notably leading to a longer-than-expected afternoon adjournment debate regarding the Auckland Hospital Board's financial problems. Additionally, on Thursday, an urgent debate was prompted regarding the closure of Fletcher Bernard-Smith, with the Opposition demanding action against what they described as a “small but sorry canker” within the Boilermaker's Union. The Minister of Labour responded defensively, but the debate ultimately did not yield substantial results. A notable moment in the session was the surprising advance of the controversial Crimes Amendment Bill, which aimed to legalise homosexual acts between consenting males in private. Introduced by Mr V. S. Young in the previous year, the bill had been reviewed by a special Select Committee that received 150 submissions in support. The bill’s placement on the parliamentary agenda had fluctuated significantly prior to its second reading, and there was encouragement among members to allow a vote of conscience. However, the second-reading vote resulted in a defeat for the bill, with 29 members in favour and 34 against. This outcome was seen as a relief for many members who found the subject distasteful, and it effectively sidelined the proposed amendments, including one from Dr G. A. Wall. The rejection left Parliament members contemplating the future direction of the issue without the pressure of further moral debates ahead of the imminent election year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750705_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750705.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173707200
4653,07,07,1975,"Mr Connelly’s Vote (Press, 7 July 1975)","On 7 July 1975, Mr Connelly, the Minister of Police and member of Parliament for Wigram, actively opposed the Crimes Amendment Bill aimed at reforming laws related to homosexuality. Despite voting against the bill, his name was inadvertently excluded from a list published the following day that detailed how members of Parliament had voted on the proposed legislation. The bill was ultimately rejected by Parliament on Friday, signalling a setback for efforts towards homosexual law reform in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750707_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750707.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173880000
4020,07,07,1975,"Politicians Called Unfit To Govern (Press, 7 July 1975)","On 7 July 1975, Mr P. R. H. Maling, the publicity officer for the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, publicly criticised the New Zealand Parliament's handling of the Crimes Amendment Bill, which was intended to address homosexual law reform. He expressed his belief that politicians failed to confront the significant issue of individual rights, stating that their cowardice rendered them unfit to govern during a time that called for a stronger commitment to social justice. The national Gay Liberation conference had recently dismissed the Crimes Amendment Bill because it continued to uphold discrimination against homosexuals. However, Maling argued that the Parliament's rejection stemmed from a refusal to grant homosexuals their rights rather than a consensus reached by conscience among its members. He pointed out that it was contradictory for Parliament to vote in a way that maintained existing laws, thereby denying homosexuals the right to live peacefully according to their own beliefs. Maling cited comments made by Chief Justice Sir Richard Wild, who indicated that the harsh and unjust laws regarding homosexuality were still enforceable. He also noted the stance of the Minister of Police, Mr Connelly, and the Minister of Justice, Dr Finlay, who both affirmed their commitment to enforcing these laws against those who violate them. Maling emphasised the precarious situation in which homosexual men would find themselves over the next two years unless the Gay Liberation movement could persuade the Government to expedite the repeal of these discriminatory laws. In response to the ongoing discrimination and societal challenges faced by homosexuals, the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch resolved to mobilise support and devise election strategies aimed at raising public awareness about the struggles of homosexuals as social outcasts in a society that professes to be free and democratic. Maling’s closing message was a rallying call to all fair-minded individuals to assist the movement in achieving their goal of liberation, which he framed as a fundamental democratic right.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750707_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750707.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173880000
4652,07,07,1975,"The Press Monday, July 7, 1975. A Failure To Lead... (Press, 7 July 1975)","On 7 July 1975, an editorial in The Press expressed disappointment regarding Parliament's decision not to amend the law on homosexuality. The vote, which had a narrow margin, was further affected by the absence of 20 members during the polling, leading to frustration among reformers and traditionalists alike. The editorial noted that while public opinion might be divided on a range of issues, it is vital for lawmakers to sometimes step ahead of the prevailing sentiments in society, especially when it comes to matters of justice and reason. The piece argued that Parliament's role should not be to align strictly with fluctuating public attitudes but rather to provide stable and consistent legal frameworks. In the case of adult homosexual acts, the editorial posited that the legal restrictions were unjustified, asserting that these private behaviours among consenting adults should not be subject to legal interference. The lawmakers should have acknowledged that existing laws were not only misplaced but often detrimental to individuals' lives. Given the significance of the issue and the close vote, the editorial encouraged reformers to make another attempt at changing the law in the future. It suggested that this time, more members of Parliament might be persuaded to look beyond their personal views on homosexuality and apply a more equitable legal rationale. Furthermore, New Zealand lagged behind much of the Western world in its legal treatment of homosexual acts, indicating a need for progressive change. The editorial concluded that a clearer understanding of the boundary between public law and private morality should inform future legislative efforts. It critiqued the decision-makers for playing it safe with public opinion, which remains conflicted and often lacks clarity and compassion. Ultimately, it called for Parliament to take a leadership role in guiding public sentiment toward a just resolution on the issue of homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750707_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750707.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173880000
4651,07,07,1975,"What M.p.s Were Saying Why The Vote Was ‘no’ (Press, 7 July 1975)","On 6 July 1975, the New Zealand Parliament engaged in a crucial debate regarding the bill addressing the issue of homosexuality. Members of Parliament have faced considerable pressure as they navigate their conscience on this topic amidst varied public opinion. Mr P. Blanchfield from the Labour Party expressed his perspective by highlighting the extensive research that members had undertaken, asserting that the existing law regarding homosexuality failed to reflect the potential harm posed by the proposed amendment supporting homosexual acts in private. He noted that, to his knowledge, there had not been any prosecutions concerning adult males in private settings, emphasizing that criminal cases typically involved child molestation and public indecency. Mr Blanchfield refrained from voting but suggested that the bill would likely have been rejected by around 49 votes to 37 had all been recorded. Conversely, Mr R. L. G. Talbot from the National Party articulated a more cautious stance, arguing that altering laws related to homosexuality could lead to broader consequences across various societal issues. He raised concerns that the push for changes in homosexual law was part of a larger agenda advocated by permissive groups seeking reforms in religious education, abortion, censorship, divorce, soft drug laws, and euthanasia. He warned supporters of the proposed changes to consider whether they were comfortable with this broader 'package deal', suggesting that making private homosexual practices legal might also inadvertently endorse them as acceptable in society. The session also saw discussions on the military volunteer system, provoked by Labour MP Mr R. P. B. Drayton's question regarding the number of volunteers who had joined since the compulsory programme's abolition in December 1972. The Minister of Defence, Mr Fraser, reported a total of 6,240 volunteers up to the end of May 1975, asserting that these individuals were of sufficient calibre and that a return to compulsory service was not desired by the Army. He affirmed that of those who enlisted, 4,158 had completed six weeks of training and noted the transition in the quality of training personnel compared to the previous system, where many draftees joined with resentment. Further parliamentary discussions included matters of female representation in the justice system, where the Acting Minister of Justice revealed that 84 women had been appointed as justices of the peace under the current government, compared to 45 during the last three years of the previous National Government. Additionally, advancements in state land purchases for housing were outlined, with the Minister of Housing, Mr Douglas, reporting significantly improved acquisition numbers for unit sites in Christchurch from 1960 to 1975, signifying a commitment to meet housing needs. The current financial year aims to acquire 1,237 unit sites, showcasing continued improvement in the government's approach to housing in the area.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750707_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750707.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173880000
4654,08,07,1975,"Crimes Amendment Bill (Press, 8 July 1975)","The letters published in ""The Press"" on 7 July 1975 express concern about the legal status of homosexual relationships in New Zealand. John G. Jones responds to Mr Blanchfield's comments regarding the prosecution of adult males in private relationships, arguing that the stigma of criminality associated with homosexuality is unwarranted. He points out that homosexuals wish for the same freedoms and openness in their relationships that heterosexuals enjoy, highlighting a societal double standard. Jones questions the persistence of a legal distinction between homosexual and heterosexual relationships when psychological perspectives have evolved. Another letter, signed ""Men’s Lib or Justice?"", critiques the three women Members of Parliament who voted against the Crimes Amendment Bill, suggesting their decision prevented the bill from passing its second reading. The author sees this as an ironic denial of fundamental sexual freedoms for men, which women still possess. They question the motivation behind the women M.P.s' vote and challenge them to reconsider their stance, especially in light of the ongoing discourse during International Women's Year. The letters illuminate the tension between legal frameworks, societal attitudes towards sexuality, and the call for equality in sexual freedoms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750708_2_148_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750708.2.148.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173966400
7648,08,07,1975,"Screeners Of Uncut Film May Be Prosecuted (Press, 8 July 1975)","Legal actions regarding the uncut screening of the film ""The Night Porter"" are being considered, with decisions expected later in the week, as indicated by the assistant director of the Department of Internal Affairs, Mr D. A. Kerr. The uncut version of the film was shown in Wellington for two and a half weeks before officials identified the oversight that led to its uncensored presentation. The general manager of United Artists, Ltd, Mr R. I. McClure, confirmed the screening was an error. Chief Film Censor, Mr D. C. McIntosh, addressed complaints surrounding the film, clarifying that Miss Patricia Bartlett was not the source of the issues that resulted in the film being recut. He stated that his office had not received a direct letter from her, though they had logged several calls and around eight letters of complaint about the film. McIntosh noted that it wasn't until a complaint specifically detailing cut scenes was received that the situation came to light. He mentioned that Miss Bartlett's letter, which highlighted ten objectionable scenes and critiqued the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr May, for permitting such films, was sent to various Parliament members and Ministers on 3 July, the same day the film was pulled for editing. Approximately five minutes of content were removed, although McIntosh refrained from commenting on the specifics. In her letter, Bartlett expressed concern about the standards of film censorship in New Zealand, charging Mr May with ignorance about the inappropriate material being allowed on screen, and urged him to personally view ""The Night Porter."" She called on Ministers to push for tighter film censorship regulations. In a related event, at a film festival in Wellington, the Australian director Michael Thornhill intentionally screened his film ""Between Wars"" uncut, confronting censorship by removing tape on two words from a dialogue that had been previously censored. He expressed disdain for the New Zealand censorship laws, considering them absurd, and remarked that similar regulations in Australia were far less stringent. Thornhill’s actions were well-received by the audience, who appreciated his determination to present the film as intended.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750708_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750708.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,173966400
4655,09,07,1975,"'House Behind Society’ (Press, 9 July 1975)","On 9 July 1975, Vicki Buck, a spokesperson for the youth advisory committee of the Labour Party, expressed disappointment over Parliament's decision to reject the Crimes Amendment Bill, which aimed to reform laws pertinent to homosexual rights. Speaking in Christchurch, Buck stated that Parliament had abrogated its responsibility by turning down the bill, which she described as a significant step backward compared to public sentiment on the issue. She noted that public opinion had increasingly shifted in favour of homosexual law reform, leading to a greater majority supporting such changes. However, the parliamentary vote against the bill was seen as an indication that lawmakers had essentially turned their backs on the pressing issue of discrimination against homosexuals. Buck emphasised the committee's stance against discrimination based on sexual orientation and affirmed their commitment to advocating for legislative change that would alleviate the suffering imposed by existing laws. Despite acknowledging that some Labour MPs had shown a more progressive and liberal approach by voting in favour of the bill, Buck lamented the ongoing difficulties faced by thousands of homosexual individuals in New Zealand. Their personal sexual acts remain outlawed, subjecting them to constant fears of persecution. She urged Parliamentarians to reconsider their decisions, appealing to them to adopt a more progressive perspective in line with contemporary values and the realities of the late 20th century. Buck's statements reflected a broader struggle for rights and recognition in a time of evolving social attitudes toward homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750709_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750709.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174052800
4656,11,07,1975,"Crimes Amendment Bill (Press, 11 July 1975)","In a series of letters published in July 1975, New Zealanders expressed diverging views on Parliament's handling of the proposed Crimes Amendment Bill concerning homosexuality. One letter from A.C. McEwan, dated July 9, articulated a robust opposition to the amendment, arguing that it would mark a dangerous step towards societal decay, equating the proposed changes to the moral decline seen in the United Kingdom and Sweden. McEwan warned that legalising homosexuality would pave the way for a broader acceptance of deviant behaviour, which he deemed unacceptable. In contrast, another correspondent, writing under the pseudonym ""Men's Lib"" on July 10, critiqued the stance taken by McEwan and others who oppose the bill. This letter pointed out that complacency in Parliament's actions on the matter was indicative of deeper prejudices and a lack of informed debate among MPs. He asserted that there was significant support for reform within prominent political parties, including the National Party and the Labour Party, as well as among the Values Party and Social Credit. The letter urged hesitant members of Parliament to reflect on their principles and the changing attitudes of their constituents, suggesting that public support for reform stems from a recognition of fairness and equality. Ultimately, this exchange highlighted the growing tension in New Zealand's public discourse surrounding issues of sexual morality and the rights of individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750711_2_101_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750711.2.101.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174225600
4021,12,07,1975,"Crimes Amendment Bill (Press, 12 July 1975)","A letter published on 12 July 1975 discusses the importance of respecting minority rights within a democracy, countering the idea that ""majority rule"" is a valid justification for legal persecution. The author, P. R. H. Mating, who identifies as the Publicity Officer for the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, argues that unrestrained majority rule can devolve into tyranny, where one group oppresses another. He highlights the ethical issues surrounding the legal persecution of homosexual individuals, asserting that such laws lack Christian or moral justification and only serve to harm the nation. Mating underscores the damaging effects of anti-homosexual legislation, advocating for its repeal as a necessary step towards fostering a more inclusive society. He relates his experiences fighting in a war for New Zealand, stating that the nobler and more intelligent course is to promote peace and the ideals of brotherhood and sisterhood, rendering war an obsolete concept. He emphasizes that this ethos aligns with the core teachings of Christ. Referencing a 1973 Heylen poll which indicated a majority of New Zealanders supported homosexual law reform, Mating is optimistic that public support has grown since then. He criticizes Parliament for not keeping pace with the shifting societal attitudes toward homosexuality, implying that it is overdue for legislative change to reflect the will of the people.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750712_2_117_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750712.2.117.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174312000
4657,12,07,1975,"Magistrate's Court Vigilante Group Went To Jostle... (Press, 12 July 1975)","On 12 July 1975, in the Magistrate's Court, the case of a self-appointed vigilante group was highlighted after they assaulted a man they believed to be a homosexual in Beverley Park on Avonside Drive. The group’s behaviour was condemned by Mr P. L. Molineaux, S.M. Dale John Smith, a 17-year-old coal-yard foreman, was convicted of assault and theft of 52 cents from the victim. He had previously pleaded guilty and was remanded on bail until 25 July for sentencing. Smith also pleaded guilty to two burglary charges and was ordered to undergo a medical examination for possible detention centre training. The court heard that on 14 May, Smith and his accomplices held down the man before he assaulted him and took the money that fell from the victim's pocket. Smith was also implicated in a burglary of the New World Supermarket where he stole goods valued at $109, and attempted another burglary days later, which failed due to an alarm activation. Warren Stewart Robertson, 23, was fined $100 for stealing a vase valued at $295 from an antique shop after discovering it had been broken into. In another case, Thomas Tamehana, 20, pleaded guilty to stealing a watch valued at $20 after threatening a driver with an iron bar and broomstick when he was given a lift. Tamehana was remanded on bail until 18 July for sentencing. Two youths, Tahe Tahuaroa (alias Kevin Watson), 22, and Michael Robert Bourke, 18, faced multiple burglary charges and were remanded in custody until 18 July for a probation report. The burglaries, which took place between 13 and 19 June, resulted in damages and stolen goods amounting to $935. Tahuaroa attributed his offending to drug use, while Bourke offered no explanation; both were living in a car at the time of their arrest. John Douglas Comrie, 20, faced a bail remand until 18 July for possessing lysergide after police found the substance during a warrant execution. A soldier, James William David Munro, 19, pleaded guilty to taking a motorcycle valued at $800 from Burnham Military Camp and remanded on bail until 18 July. He travelled across New Zealand with the stolen bike. Lastly, Murray Edward Hart, 27, was sentenced to three months of periodic detention and ordered to pay compensation of $199.32 for charges of false pretence, relating to using stolen cheques for services, and Kevin James Hill, 25, was fined $75 for stealing a wheel trim valued at $13 observed by detectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750712_2_198.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750712.2.198,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174312000
6587,12,07,1975,"Many Faces Of Feminism Women Of Two Worlds Find... (Press, 12 July 1975)","The article discusses the complexities and contradictions that emerged during the International Women's Year conference held in Mexico City, which took place in July 1975. The event brought together 1,300 delegates from 133 nations, divided between the official United Nations conference and a more radical ""International Women's Year Tribune"" that met separately. The presence of both gatherings highlighted a significant divide between Western feminists and women from developing nations, who often viewed issues of gender equality through different lenses due to their lived experiences of poverty and survival. A prominent theme was the criticism aimed at the official conference, where many felt that it reflected patriarchal structures, showcasing male dominance even in its leadership—exemplified by the appointment of a male Attorney-General to oversee proceedings. Critics, including famed feminist Betty Friedan, argued that the gathering was largely symbolic and aimed at image enhancement rather than meaningful change. The Tribune, in contrast, was seen as a space for more genuine engagement, featuring discussions and protests that challenged the status quo and sought to address the varied struggles faced by women worldwide. As the conference unfolded, contentions arose over the representation of issues. While Western feminists focused on topics like equal pay and sexual liberation, delegates from poorer countries expressed that such discussions felt irrelevant in the face of dire social and economic challenges. The differing priorities led to tension between groups, including protests during Western-led discussions that accused those from developed nations of imperialist attitudes. Some influential figures, such as Germaine Greer and Gloria Steinem, participated in the Tribune, voicing their discontent over how mainstream feminism often overlooked the struggles of women of colour or those facing economic hardship. Greer specifically condemned the event as insincere and pointed out the contradictions in funding from nations that suppressed women's rights. The official conference's final resolution, which came to be known as the ""Declaration of Mexico,"" attempted to outline a ten-year plan for women's equality across various sectors, but was perceived as lacking substantial measures to achieve its lofty goals. The discussions often veered into broader political themes, reflecting global tensions rather than focusing solely on women's issues. In summary, the conference represented a microcosm of the broader feminist movement, with chasms between different ideologies and priorities laid bare. Despite the challenges and frustrations expressed by many delegates, some, like Nigerian delegate Dr Victoria Mojekwo, found value in the shared understanding of women's pain worldwide, suggesting that the meeting's most significant outcome may simply be the recognition of diverse experiences and struggles faced by women across the globe.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750712_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750712.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174312000
4658,12,07,1975,"Radio Review A Camp Divided (Press, 12 July 1975)","On 12 July 1975, journalist Marcia Russell expressed her views on radio regarding the role of members of Parliament in upholding national morals, particularly in relation to ongoing debates about a homosexual law reform. The discussions in Parliament attracted limited media coverage, likely due to being held on a Friday, a day when news outlets are often preoccupied. The political discourse was noted for its civil tone, yet it highlighted controversial perspectives. Several MPs spoke against the reform, with Sir John Marshall describing homosexuality as ""loathsome."" Interestingly, many opposed to the measure acknowledged the existence of homosexuals, describing this orientation as ""unnatural,"" while simultaneously advocating for these individuals to keep their identities private. During the debates, the rationale offered for opposing the bill included claims of minimal prosecution and harassment of homosexuals by police. This was contested by the Probation Officers’ Association, which pointed out that homosexuals were indeed facing legal consequences for their sexual orientation. An odd argument arose when an MP questioned why the police and military were exempted from the reform, subsequently praising these institutions as paragons of morality. While the proceedings were not broadcasted by one local station, listeners expressed concern over the quality of radio journalism. Specific critiques were aimed at announcers and local news-readers, with one popular figure, Jessica Weddell, being accused of lacking objectivity in presenting news. Despite previously being a respected figure in broadcasting, her current approach was questioned by listeners. In contrast, veteran newsreader Bill Toft was praised for his impartiality and professionalism. Listeners were also reacting positively to ""Serials, Soap Operas, and Ill Stars,"" a radio programme that reportedly garnered significant audience appreciation. It was claimed that radio stimulates imagination more than television, as evidenced in various broadcasts. The ""Broadcasts to Schools"" initiative was highlighted, revealing that a substantial percentage of educators utilised this educational service, which summarised current events in a comprehensible manner for students. Despite some elements of the programmes being critiqued, the overall contribution to education was acknowledged. A fictional serial titled ""Smith's Dream,"" aired on Tuesday afternoons, was reviewed unfavourably for its adaptation of a C. K. Stead novel. Set in a New Zealand governed by a fascist regime—a narrative which prompts reflection on society and individual roles—the serial struggled to impress critics. In a lighter moment, David Inglis of Radio New Zealand Parliamentary shared gossip suggesting that National MP Logan Sloane accused him and a colleague of being Labour supporters. He implied that another MP was the true source of this allegation, hinting at underlying political tensions and dynamics within Parliament. This incident provided insight into the often tumultuous relationships and rivalries within New Zealand's political landscape in 1975.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750712_2_207.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750712.2.207,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174312000
4022,14,07,1975,"Crimes Amendment Bill (Press, 14 July 1975)","A letter published on 14 July 1975 expresses a viewpoint regarding the current social issues in New Zealand, particularly focusing on women's rights and homosexuality. The writer counters criticisms from the ""Men’s Lib"" movement, asserting that New Zealand must rise above moral decline. They argue that if Parliament had engaged with ""informed persons"" on matters concerning the Crimes Amendment Bill, there would have been a display of better understanding and knowledge, contrasting the perceived ""prejudice and ignorance"" in the legislative voting. While the writer acknowledges some goals of the Women's Liberation movement, they express disapproval of its alignment with the Gay Liberation movement. They advocate for the elevation of women's status within various aspects of society, suggesting that the recent vote against legalising homosexuality should serve as a warning to women about the influence of pressure groups advocating for such changes. The letter concludes by supporting the Parliament's decision as reflective of the best interests of society as a whole, reinforcing the writer's belief in a traditional view of social values amidst the ongoing discussions around individual rights and freedoms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750714_2_95_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750714.2.95.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174484800
4659,17,07,1975,"Crimes Amendment Bill (Press, 17 July 1975)","In a correspondence published on 17 July 1975, a writer critiques the comments made by Mr. Blanchfield, a member of Parliament, regarding the lack of prosecutions for homosexual acts in private. Mr. Blanchfield had stated that there have been no prosecutions in recent years, implying that the law against such acts does not cause hardship due to its non-enforcement. The writer argues that this perspective is a flawed justification for retaining an unjust law. They express concern that the law is only deemed acceptable because it is not actively enforced, suggesting that the true nature of the law’s inhumanity would become apparent if it were enforced. They assert that it is typically only bad laws that are deliberately not enforced and conclude by advocating for a review of laws governing consenting adults in private.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750717_2_115_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750717.2.115.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174744000
7919,17,07,1975,"Indecent Film 'furore' (Press, 17 July 1975)","On 16 July 1975, Miss Patricia Bartlett, the secretary of the Society for the Protection of Community Standards, announced her decision to decline an invitation to appear on the television programme ""Edwards on Saturday"" to discuss the controversial film ""Night Porter."" In her statement, Bartlett cited ongoing considerations by the Internal Affairs Department regarding potential action against those who screened an uncut version of the film. She expressed concerns that the public uproar surrounding the film was not driven by genuine complaints but rather by individuals attempting to avoid legal repercussions. Bartlett voiced her belief that appearing on the television show could be seen as a form of prejudicial pre-trial publicity, which would not serve the interests of justice. She further noted that many viewers were tuning out from the Edwards show, suggesting that the viewpoint of her society would not be adequately represented or received. She also questioned the claim that 16,000 individuals had viewed the uncut version of ""Night Porter,"" recalling that only about 30 people were present during her own viewing of the film. This statement reflects Bartlett's caution and the contentious nature of discussions surrounding the film at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750717_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750717.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,174744000
7335,26,07,1975,"House In Wrangle After Carmen Case (Press, 26 July 1975)","In a heated session on 25 July 1975, the New Zealand Parliament accepted an unqualified apology from night-club owner Trevor Rupe, known as Carmen, over remarks regarding the sexual habits of Members of Parliament made during a television interview. The Privileges Committee, which reviewed the case, concluded that Carmen breached Parliamentary privilege by suggesting that some members of Parliament were homosexual, and they recommended no further action after Carmen expressed contrition. Despite Carmen's apology, the debate in Parliament escalated into a confrontation between Attorney-General Dr Finlay and the Opposition, led by Mr Muldoon. Dr Finlay was critical of the television interviewer, Spencer Jolly, whom he accused of asking misleading questions that influenced Carmen's comments. The Committee report suggested it would have been appropriate for Jolly to show some contrition as well. As the discussion progressed, Mr Muldoon took the opportunity to criticise Dr Finlay, calling him a ""petty party politician"" and expressing disdain for the manner in which Dr Finlay had handled previous privilege breaches, including a complaint against him. The session featured back-and-forth exchanges, with Opposition members prolonging the debate to reprimand the Attorney-General. In his remarks, Dr Finlay maintained that Carmen's statements diminished the respectability of Parliament. Carmen distanced himself from his earlier allegations, claiming ignorance and asserting that he would be more circumspect in future media interactions. He publicly regretted making the statements about homosexuality among MPs. The debate highlighted broader themes, including the standards of behaviour expected from Parliamentarians and the scrutiny under which they operate. Observations were made that the ensuing argument was a diversion from other significant issues facing the Parliament, with some legislators suggesting that the House's reputation was at stake. Further exchanges of personal attacks ensued, with accusations flying about political motivations and tactics used by both sides during the debate. These tensions underscored a sense of precariousness regarding the integrity and image of Parliament amidst seeming triviality surrounding Carmen's comments. In conclusion, the incident reflected not only on the individual actions of Carmen but also on the robust, often contentious nature of political discourse in New Zealand's Parliament, raising concerns about respect and privilege among its members.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750726_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750726.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,175521600
7059,01,08,1975,"Athleticism Was Show’s Highlight (Press, 1 August 1975)","The review discusses the late-night show “One of Nature’s Gentlemen,” which was performed by the Australian Performing Group at The Court Theatre from July 31 to August 2, 1975. Directed by Kerry Dwyer, the show attempts to blend vaudeville with a dramatized love comedy, resulting in a light-hearted and entertaining performance that runs from 10.45 p.m. to 11.45 p.m. The performance notably features Bob Thorneycroft as Mousey, a character who engages the audience with an impressive song, dance, and comedy routine. Mousey contrasts with Bull, portrayed by Bill Garner, leading to a humorous exchange between the characters that incorporates various comedic elements. The performance also includes Wilfred Last as a vampish songstress which adds another layer of entertainment and promotes a conflict reflective of differing values and allegiances among the characters. The review highlights the show’s appeal as an ideal late-night entertainment option, remarking on its comedic lavishness and simplicity in terms of deeper meaning. A significant highlight noted is the athleticism of the actors, which culminates in an unexpected and dramatic chair-smashing fight involving a drag queen, showcasing the physical skills and comedic timing of the performers. Additionally, the main performance is preceded by an athlete's boudoir sketch, also by Thorneycroft, along with excerpts from women's theatre. Both supporting acts are characterised as being appropriately rude and provocative, yet they maintain an underlying sense of humour. Overall, the review encourages attendance, indicating that the show is a must-see for audiences looking for a blend of comedy and light entertainment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750801_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750801.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,176040000
4660,05,08,1975,"Progressive Newspaper (Press, 5 August 1975)","The Progressive Kiwi Party has intensified its election campaign by launching a national newspaper dedicated to outlining its policies on financial and general law reform, according to a report from Wellington on 5 August 1975. Mr D. K. Mitchell, the party's founder and a candidate for Wellington Central, stated that while the party's main focus would be on Wellington, it aims to garner serious attention from the entire nation. The first edition of the newspaper is set to be available next month across the country, priced at 50 cents per copy. Mr Mitchell, who previously was a member of the National Party, the Social Credit League, and the New Democrats, did not provide specific details regarding the financial reform policies of the party. However, the Progressive Kiwi Party advocates for various reforms, including tax reductions, and changes to laws surrounding drugs, divorce, abortion, and homosexuality. Additionally, they propose the cancellation of the Wanganui computer project. Currently, the party has 300 members and has officially named two candidates for the upcoming election: Mr Mitchell himself and Mr D. M. Clarke in Porirua. The party's goal is to present candidates for all ten Wellington electorates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750805_2_166.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750805.2.166,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,176385600
7920,09,08,1975,"Judge’s Ruling Slated (Press, 9 August 1975)","On 8 August 1975, Miss Patricia Bartlett expressed her concerns regarding a recent ruling by an Auckland Supreme Court judge, Mr Justice Wilson, which deemed a nude swim at Little Palm Beach on Waiheke Island as not constituting offensive behaviour. This ruling resulted in the quashing of a conviction against a 29-year-old man who had been charged for the incident that occurred in February of the same year. Bartlett, who serves as the national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, interpreted the ruling as potentially leading to the acceptance of public nudity across New Zealand, including on beaches and possibly in public streets. She expressed disbelief that the judge did not foresee the repercussions of his decision, suggesting that it contradicted contemporary community standards which she believes do not favour public nudity. Bartlett articulated her view that most people do not wish to encounter nudity when visiting public beaches, asserting that many would be uncomfortable with nude individuals lying or walking nearby. She raised concerns about the implications for male beachgoers, wondering how a ""normal man"" could avoid feeling aroused when seeing nude young women in that context. In her commentary, she also suggested that the visibility of nudity at public beaches could negatively impact adult entertainment businesses, as individuals might choose to enjoy nudity for free at the beach rather than pay to enter strip clubs. Overall, Bartlett’s statements reflect a strong belief in preserving traditional community standards and a clear opposition to the increasing acceptance of public nudity as signified by the court's ruling.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750809_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750809.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,176731200
7767,09,08,1975,"National Avoiding Promises It Cannot Keep (Press, 9 August 1975)","On 8 August 1975, the National Party of New Zealand completed the selection of its 87 candidates for the upcoming General Election. In light of this, the party leadership issued a warning to its less experienced candidates, advising them not to engage in discussions on topics where party policy has yet to be officially declared. This directive emerged from closed briefing sessions held during the party's recent conference and rally, leading to discontent among some candidates. Miss Marilyn Waring, a candidate for the Raglan seat, publicly criticised the restriction, indicating that her participation in a forum in Te Awamutu might be one of the last opportunities she would have to speak freely on political issues. The forum had raised the housing situation, an area where the National Party has not released a formal policy. The rationale behind this restriction from the party is to avoid candidates making promises that aren’t backed by official party policy. Party leader Mr. R. D. Muldoon has been vocal about the pitfalls of the Labour Government's approach, citing their 1972 manifesto filled with unfulfilled promises. He asserted that the National Party would only make commitments it is ready to keep and emphasised that the next government will focus on repairing the economic damage while reviving the country’s stability. Muldoon has articulated that he does not anticipate a lengthy manifesto and has personally reviewed policies developed by a planning group or spokesperson. Eight significant announcements have been made under “A National Party policy statement,” with each linked to individual candidates or meetings of the party's policy committee. These statements vary in detail and breadth, covering a range of issues including land acquisition, tertiary education bursaries, industrial relations, superannuation, and controlled immigration. However, National Party candidates are not as comprehensively briefed as their Labour counterparts, who possess a detailed 68-page booklet containing current policy statements across various subjects. The National Party appears reluctant to compile a similar exhaustive manifesto. While Muldoon has effectively communicated financial and economic concerns, a complete policy outline of what a National government intends to achieve has yet to be disclosed—a situation that could provide significant insights to opposing parties ahead of the election. The areas still lacking specific policy statements from the National Party include education, housing, international relations, defence, law and order, local government, broadcasting, energy resources, transport, tourism, and sports. These are topics that experienced campaigners could address, drawing on their knowledge of the party's historical context and objectives. Nevertheless, Muldoon remarked on the evolution of the National Party, noting that it has changed considerably from its earlier iterations. He cautioned that candidates lacking comprehensive knowledge of party policy risk facing difficulties, particularly in dynamic settings like political forums. Advising candidates to refrain from such engagements until party policies are firmly established is seen as prudent; however, prolonged uncertainty may prove detrimental if a full policy statement is delayed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750809_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750809.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,176731200
4661,21,08,1975,"People Of The Night (Press, 21 August 1975)","In a critique of Liliana Cavani's film ""The Night Porter,"" filmmaker and critic Russell Jones shares insights gained from a screening at the Westend Theatre, where the film is presented in a censored version that is 10 minutes shorter than the original. A notable censorship cut involved a scene depicting female dominance, which Cavani describes as the most beautiful in the film. The scene features Lucia, played by Charlotte Rampling, above Max, portrayed by Dirk Bogarde, in a moment of intimacy that was deemed too explicit for the censor’s approval. Jones highlights that the laws governing censorship in New Zealand lead to such omissions, leaving the film to be judged in a less complete form. Set in 1957 Vienna, ""The Night Porter"" explores the unsettling love affair between an S.S. officer, Max, and one of his former concentration camp prisoners, Lucia. Max, who now works as a night porter at a hotel under an assumed name, frequently engages in disturbing reunions with former comrades who delve into their past guilt through mock trials. Lucia reenters his life in Vienna as the spouse of a conductor, leading to a rekindling of their complicated relationship. The film employs flashbacks to unravel their shared history during the war, hinting at themes of sadomasochism juxtaposed with existing emotional complexities. Jones praises Bogarde's performance as Max, who, despite his dark past, displays tender affection for Lucia, compounded by bouts of violence. Lucia remains ambiguous, often depicted in a passive light. The narrative unfolds dreamlike and slowly, capturing the eerie atmosphere of the hotel, which serves as a refuge from the outside world. The film is described as moving, filled with moments of subdued horror and tenderness, despite the heavy themes it grapples with. It aims to delve into the characters' tortured lives amid shared trauma, although Jones notes that the film's impact may be diminished due to the cuts enforced by censorship. Although the film operates within a framework of sadomasochism, Jones finds it both tragic and beautiful, leaving a lingering sadness upon its conclusion. He reflects on Cavani's perception that the last scene, which encapsulates their deliverance from torment, is notably absent in the version shown. Ultimately, Jones advocates for the uncensored release of ""The Night Porter,"" hoping that the passage of a censorship bill could allow for a complete presentation that gives ""mature adults"" the opportunity to engage with Cavani's entire work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750821_2_18_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750821.2.18.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,177768000
7340,25,08,1975,"'Most Fathers Failures’ (Press, 25 August 1975)","In a speech delivered at the northern rally of the Social Credit Political League in Auckland on 24 August 1975, Rev. Felix Donnelly, a senior lecturer in the community health department at the University of Auckland Medical School, voiced concerns about the failures of New Zealand men as fathers. He cited a disturbing statistic: less than 1 per cent of boys surveyed in secondary schools reported experiencing or expecting any form of physical affection from their fathers, in stark contrast to 50 per cent of girls who indicated they did receive such affection. Rev. Donnelly suggested that New Zealand men were conditioned to suppress their emotions, viewing emotional expression as a sign of weakness. This repression, he argued, often manifests in unhealthy behaviours, with emotional issues frequently arising from bottled-up feelings. He questioned whether New Zealand homes genuinely fostered open emotional communication and whether parents openly showed affection to one another in ways that could be observed by their children. Expanding on his analysis, Father Donnelly expressed concern about societal fears and attitudes towards law enforcement. He suggested that the community's heavy reliance on policing to address its issues is misguided. He highlighted that an increasing police presence might not necessarily solve societal problems but rather indicate a deeper issue within the community. He cautioned against relinquishing personal freedoms to the police in response to fear, arguing that this could jeopardise freedom while failing to address the root causes of societal anxieties. Donnelly also reflected on the notion of a permissive society, noting the paradox that, despite this perception, there has been a steady increase in legislation aimed at restricting personal freedoms. He urged the community to look beyond superficial symptoms of social discord and instead focus on understanding and addressing the underlying causes of these problems.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750825_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750825.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,178113600
4662,25,08,1975,"Children Go From Court (Press, 25 August 1975)","On 25 August 1975, it was reported that three children, estimated to be between eight and 12 years old, were asked to leave the Woolnough abortion trial taking place in the Supreme Court in Auckland. This occurred while a defence witness was providing evidence regarding the interviewing procedures at the Remuera Abortion Clinic. The children, who were accompanied by an adult, were about to take their seats when the Court Registrar intervened. The presiding judge exercised his discretion, deeming the case not suitable for young individuals. This incident follows a previous occurrence about four weeks prior, where a group of Form II pupils mistakenly attended a court session during which a confessed homosexual spoke about their experiences. Inquiries afterward indicated that the pupils' presence was a genuine mistake.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750825_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750825.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,178113600
7855,29,08,1975,"P.p.t.a. Votes For School Sex Education (Press, 29 August 1975)","The Post-Primary Teachers' Association (PPTA) held its annual conference in Wellington, where significant support was expressed for the introduction of courses on human development and relationships, including sex education, in State secondary schools. This decision builds on a prior agreement from the previous year's conference that schools must take on such educational responsibilities. Delegates concluded that these courses should be a mandatory part of the curriculum, while also ensuring parents have the option to withdraw their children from classes over specific content they might object to. A request was made for the Department of Education to appoint a dedicated curriculum-development officer focusing on human development and relationship courses in schools. Additionally, it was suggested that in-service training be made available for teachers to better understand the objectives of these new courses. The conference endorsed the department's publication ""Human Development and Relationships in the School Curriculum"" as a valuable guide for the sex education components. The implications of this decision are profound, marking a departure from the previous avoidance of sensitive topics in secondary education. The new curriculum aims to facilitate open discussions on issues once deemed taboo, advancing the notion that schools should develop their course methodologies in consultation with parents and local communities. The principal of Fairfield College, Mr J. R. Kelly, highlighted that courses on human development and relationships often get reduced to mere sex education. Instead, he argued, the focus should encompass broader aspects of human interaction, such as living and working together. Mr Kelly noted that society had been overlooking the essential educational needs of young individuals by assuming that home would cover what schools failed to teach. He described this neglect as leading to a societal 'harvest' of ignorance, suggesting that teachers have a professional responsibility to confront and address real-life issues faced by adolescents. He critiqued the existing educational model for cultivating students in a vacuum, predominantly focused on literacy and mathematics but lacking connections to the world that adolescents must navigate. He emphasised the need for education to foster a deeper understanding of oneself and one's relationships, warning that the current approach risks passing down societal prejudices and dogmas to the next generation. He argued for a comprehensive education that prepares students for life's complexities, suggesting that maturity comes from developing judgment through engaging with real-life issues, rather than simply waiting for them to mature into judgment. The conference's decisions signal a progressive shift towards a more inclusive and realistic educational framework that aims to equip students with the skills necessary to navigate their lives and relationships effectively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750829_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750829.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,178459200
4663,30,08,1975,"Mr Kirk—a Mixture Of Radical, Conservative (Press, 30 August 1975)","Norman Kirk served as Prime Minister of New Zealand for 21 months, during which he was known for strongly influencing his Cabinet while dealing with the inexperience of his team and upholding high public expectations. Following his death in August 1974, Professor Keith Jackson, head of the political science department at the University of Canterbury, provided insights on Kirk's leadership and the public's reaction to his passing. Jackson posited that the widespread public reaction to Kirk's death stemmed from a combination of factors, including Kirk's personal qualities, the position he held, and the general mood of the public at that time. He noted that Kirk had a unique ability to resonate with the New Zealand character, particularly following his election victory in 1972 when the Labour government took many by surprise. The slogan ""Time for a change"" reflected the desire for new leadership, especially in contrast to Sir Keith Holyoake, who represented continuity. The transformation from relative obscurity in the late 1960s to a prominent leader came after a critical televised debate with Holyoake, establishing Kirk as a credible leader. Jackson explained that Kirk’s appeal lay not only in his leadership style but also in his personal journey from humble beginnings to high office, leading to a perception of him as a champion of egalitarian values and social justice. However, Jackson pointed out that while Kirk's first year in office was marked by political euphoria and the introduction of significant policies, he faced challenges due to his government's inexperience and the constraints of economic circumstances. Kirk’s approach often involved ambitious goals that may have been overly optimistic given the lack of experience within his Cabinet. Kirk’s leadership style was described as both decisive and dominating, which led to a disconnect with some of his ministers as issues began to emerge in the second year of his term. Despite his assertiveness, there was a growing concern regarding the effectiveness of his management and his engagement with the Cabinet. Jackson indicated that Kirk's interest in international affairs often overshadowed economic management, contributing to difficulties in administration. Commenting on Kirk’s legacy, Jackson recognised that while Kirk did accomplish significant legislative developments and was a strong proponent of New Zealand's international presence, his overall reputation was mixed. The evolution of government under his leadership marked a departure from orthodox methods towards potentially more radical approaches, though these were often tempered by political prudence. Kirk's death was a considerable loss to the public, who saw him as a beacon of hope during uncertain times. The expectation that he could continue to lead the country toward meaningful change underscored much of the public's mourning. According to Jackson, this intense reaction reflected not only the hopes pinned on Kirk but also the sense of loss regarding the potential for radical reforms that might have been realised had he remained in power.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750830_2_147.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750830.2.147,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,178545600
4664,02,09,1975,"Homosexuals, Abortion, Jobs, Drinking Crucial... (Press, 2 September 1975)","The public meeting held on 1 September 1975 in the Sydenham electorate highlighted significant issues in the lead-up to the General Election, with a focus on homosexuality, abortion, unemployment, and the proposed lowering of the drinking age. The forum featured candidates from major political parties—Mr J. N. Kirk from Labour, Mr P. K. Mathieson from National, Mr J. Poundsford from Social Credit, and Mr A. Lea from the Values Party. Despite the candidates discussing party leadership and crime control, the audience of approximately 150 showed a keen interest in more contentious topics, leading to a lively exchange where the chairman had to intervene to maintain order. In addressing unemployment, Mr Kirk stated that the current figures had not matched the dire levels of 1967 under the National Government, asserting that the Labour Government had made significant efforts to keep unemployment in check. Mr Mathieson asserted that the National Party planned to restore productivity as a means to combat joblessness. Mr Poundsford attributed the unemployment crisis to the government's actions to rectify the balance of payments, which he claimed had inadvertently hurt manufacturing and job creation. Mr Lea proposed retaining significant construction contracts for local workers as a solution. Regarding the drinking age, Mr Mathieson indicated that the National Party supported lowering it to 18, a sentiment echoed by Mr Lea. However, Mr Kirk and Mr Poundsford noted their conditional support, positing that voting age and military service eligibility should correspond with drinking privileges, albeit with age verification. The candidates also discussed overseas borrowing, with Mr Kirk explaining Labour's strategy of utilising borrowing to ensure economic stability. Mr Mathieson acknowledged that the National Party may also need to borrow, though he suggested it would be to a lesser degree than Labour. Mr Poundsford pledged that a Social Credit Government would not pursue borrowing, while Mr Lea remained non-committal about his party’s prospects. All candidates expressed their support for establishing a nuclear-free zone in the Pacific and banning nuclear warships from visiting New Zealand. In his closing remarks, Mr Mathieson outlined two main policy aims of the National Party, including enhancing industrial relations and maintaining sporting ties without political interference, which garnered positive responses from the audience. Mr Kirk concluded by emphasising his commitment to addressing rising crime rates and the necessity of judicial awareness regarding public safety concerns. The meeting underscored the contentious nature of the upcoming election, with social issues taking prominence over traditional party lines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750902_2_159.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750902.2.159,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,178804800
4665,03,09,1975,"Magistrate’s Court Man Assaulted Person Who Stole... (Press, 3 September 1975)","In the Magistrate’s Court on 3 September 1975, several cases were adjudicated, highlighting various incidents of violence and criminal behaviour within the community. Robert Charles Rochford, 24, pleaded guilty to assaulting Richard John Emery Fry. The incident occurred on 23 August when Rochford confronted Fry at his home, seeking restitution for his stolen car, which Fry had wrecked. After Fry refused to pay, Rochford struck him in a fit of rage, causing minor injuries. The judge, Mr. F.G. Paterson, expressed disapproval of Rochford's actions, stating that the law must not be taken into one’s own hands, especially given Rochford's previous conviction for assault. Ultimately, Rochford was sentenced to 50 hours of community work and probation for a year, with an appeal against the sentence planned for the Supreme Court. Another case involved Stephen Patrick Longley, 25, who was convicted of assaulting a man in the Manchester Street car park toilets. Longley believed the complainant was making inappropriate advances towards him, leading to a violent confrontation where the complainant was punched in the face. The magistrate condemned Longley’s violent response, sentencing him to 12 months of probation along with 50 hours of community work. Wayne Albert Walker, 23, faced charges of threatening to kill a woman due to perceived deception. He confessed his intentions to the police, signaling a plea for help regarding his mental health. He was remanded on bail until 9 September for sentencing. Rex Kapita Martin, 23, was fined for causing a disturbance on the inter-island steamer Rangatira while drinking with friends. The magistrate addressed Martin’s antisocial behaviour during sentencing. Harry Simons, 19, was convicted of assaulting a young woman, inflicting serious injury. He received 12 months’ probation and 100 hours of community work, reflecting the court’s serious view of such assaults, especially against females. In a case of receiving stolen property, Wayne Barr, 18, was remanded for sentencing after admitting to possessing stolen gas-cutting equipment valued at $480. During the court proceedings, he acknowledged knowing the items were stolen but intended to use them for building beach buggies. William James Beech, 20, was also convicted for engaging in a public fight outside a hamburger bar, resulting in a 12-month probation and 24 hours of community work. Samuel Edgar Thomas Martin, 32, admitted to theft from his employer and received probation with a community service requirement. The magistrate noted his previous record contrasted with recent honest behaviour. Manuariki Kouka, 18, was convicted for stealing a jacket and receiving stolen property, while Joseph Michael Williams, 24, pleaded guilty to several burglary charges and was remanded for sentencing. Lastly, Arnold Leslie Burnett, 55, was discharged without conviction for taking a stolen trailer he claimed to have found, while Gary Douglas McQuilkan, 23, was placed on probation for possessing burglary implements without lawful excuse. These cases illustrate the court's ongoing struggle with issues of violence, theft, and community safety within a shared environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750903_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750903.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,178891200
4666,04,09,1975,"Magistrate’s Court ‘incorrigible Professional... (Press, 4 September 1975)","On 4 September 1975, Larry Hemi Matthews, a 25-year-old carpenter, was sentenced to three years in prison for burglary in the Christchurch Magistrate's Court. Described as an ""incorrigible professional burglar"" by Magistrate W. F. Brown, Matthews broke into the West Melton Tavern on 14 July, stealing $344.50 after forcing a window. He also received concurrent sentences: six months for possessing burglary tools and attempting to steal a car valued at $1,700, three months for dangerous driving, and he faced a five-year driving disqualification. Matthews' criminal history included a prior three-year prison term for burglary, having been released only two months before committing the tavern crime. The court heard that Matthews fled the scene in a van, leading police on a high-speed chase that reached 75 miles an hour, demonstrating reckless driving by swerving onto footpaths and nearly causing accidents. Magistrate Brown noted the extreme nature of Matthews' offences and the significance of imposing a severe sentence to serve as a deterrent to others. Other cases reported included a range of theft-related offences and traffic violations. Mervyn John Harkness, an unemployed barman, faced multiple charges for failing to pay motel bills totalling over $150 and stealing from his mother. He was remanded for a psychiatric evaluation. A 44-year-old woman, facing 45 charges of cheque forgery amounting to over $33,000, was also remanded without plea. In a separate incident, a youth was charged with stealing money intended for the Royal New Zealand Foundation for the Blind during Braille Week. Joseph Richard Fraser, 19, pleaded guilty to 24 burglary charges and was remanded for sentencing. Matters of public indecency and drug possession also came before the court, with varying consequences from probation to fines. Multiple individuals charged with driving offences, including excessive blood-alcohol levels, faced both fines and disqualifications from driving. The court proceedings highlighted the significant issue of burglary and theft in Christchurch, and Magistrate Brown and other officers expressed concern over the rising crime rates, particularly among young offenders. The handling of cases reflected both a desire for accountability and an awareness of the varied backgrounds of the defendants, with many cited for needing psychiatric help or support for alcohol abuse. Overall, the court's actions aimed to balance punitive measures with rehabilitative opportunities, reflecting the complexities of crime and punishment in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750904_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750904.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,178977600
4667,08,09,1975,"Cast Copes With Difficult Script (Press, 8 September 1975)","""Kennedy's Children,"" a play by Robert Patrick directed by Bryan Aitken, is currently being performed at the Court Theatre in Worcester Street, with shows running from 8:15 to 10:15 p.m. The production explores the intersection of cultural memory and personal history, sparked by the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. The play is noted for its “counter-culture” theme, where nostalgia among the characters deepens as they grapple with their pasts under the influence of alcohol. Set in a bar, the narrative revolves around six distinct characters who have collectively abandoned their search for meaning following the demise of their cultural icons, including Kennedy himself, Marilyn Monroe, Jimi Hendrix, and Janis Joplin. The cast delivers strong performances, with the male characters particularly resonating due to their emotional depth. Philip Holder portrays a Vietnam veteran struggling with addiction, while Paul Sonne plays a homosexual actor concealing a troubled history beneath a polished façade. The female characters, however, align more closely with stereotypes, such as Nancy Ross, who effectively embodies the role of a sex worker, and Elizabeth Moody, who brings humour to her role, providing the sole comedic relief in a mostly serious narrative. Julie Blumsky plays a former hippie, a challenging role due to its archetypical nature. Despite the quality of the performances and Aitken's direction, the script itself is critiqued for lacking dramatic structure. Patrick's characters do not engage in meaningful dialogue or develop relationships, leading to a disjointed experience devoid of narrative progression. This absence of traditional storytelling techniques and character interaction gives the piece an ""anti-play"" quality. While Patrick may have aimed to comment on themes of isolation, non-communication, and purposeless existence, the result is a work that, although compelling in its reading, struggles to translate effectively to the stage. Overall, ""Kennedy's Children"" is an exploration of disconnection in a post-Kennedy world, underscored by poignant performances but hindered by a fragmented script.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750908_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750908.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,179323200
6588,10,09,1975,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 10 September 1975)","Endurance horseback riding could soon be introduced in Christchurch, thanks to local enthusiast Miss Maria Kirkman. She has previously participated in an endurance ride at Burwood Station near Te Anau and is eager to establish the sport locally to gain more practice. Kirkman is seeking enough participants to conduct an initial ride of 25 miles, likely to take place near Darfield in December 1975. The endurance rides are regulated under strict veterinary supervision, ensuring that any sound horse can compete. In other news, renowned physicist Professor Paul Dirac is scheduled to arrive in Christchurch today to deliver a series of lectures at Canterbury University as this year’s Erskine Prestige Fellow. At 73 years old, Dirac won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1933 for his atomic work and is famously known for predicting the existence of the magnetic monopole using quantum mechanics. American scientists have claimed to detect a monopole this year. Dirac's wife, Margit, accompanies him on this visit; she is the sister of another Nobel laureate, Professor Eugene Wigner. Significant events are also happening in Christchurch’s cultural scene. The Royal Christchurch Musical Society's choir is celebrating its 500th concert on October 18, inviting past choristers from across the nation. Established over 115 years ago, the choir plans to perform Beethoven's ""Missa Solemnis,"" a piece that has historical significance as it was also performed for the choir's centenary in 1960. Former members attending will be treated to supper after the concert. Meanwhile, a Creative Leisure centre has opened in Christchurch today at Aldersgate, the premises of the Methodist Central Mission. This initiative is an expansion of a successful “Try Your Hand” scheme from the Arts Festival and aims to provide opportunities for locals to engage in various arts and crafts. The centre is open every Wednesday to Friday, featuring equipment and materials for activities such as pottery, weaving, and painting. Courses on both creative skills and personal development topics are also offered. Additionally, following a substantial fire on May 7, Ralph Gracie Ltd., a men’s wear shop on Cashel Street, is conducting a series of fire sales to clear stock and recover from the incident, with another auction planned for remaining men's wear. The Young Socialists are running an educational weekend at Canterbury University on September 13-14, focusing on topics such as homosexuality, International Women’s Year, and social change, featuring discussions with political candidates. Lastly, there has been confusion surrounding tourism costs. The Minister of Tourism, Mrs Tirikatene-Sullivan, mistakenly indicated that promoting New Zealand tourism abroad would see a 15 per cent increase in costs following the recent 15 per cent devaluation of the New Zealand dollar; in reality, these costs are expected to rise by 17.7 per cent, excluding further exchange rate changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750910_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750910.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,179496000
6589,15,09,1975,"Nationalisation Call (Press, 15 September 1975)","On 15 September 1975, the Campaign Against Foreign Control in New Zealand (C.A.F.C.I.N.Z.) faced criticism for alleged partisanship regarding its approach to capitalism. This discussion unfolded during a seminar organised by the Young Socialists movement in Christchurch, predominantly at the University of Canterbury. Attendees expressed concern that C.A.F.C.I.N.Z. seemed to overlook capitalist exploitation by New Zealand-owned businesses while focusing heavily on foreign investment. Bill Rosenberg, an activist associated with C.A.F.C.I.N.Z., defended the group's position, arguing that foreign firms posed a more significant threat compared to local capitalists. He highlighted the risk posed by overseas investors who could influence New Zealand management through financial incentives and the potential to intimidate if their demands were not met. Rosenberg asserted that C.A.F.C.I.N.Z. opposed monopoly capitalism irrespective of its origin and clarified that they did not support replacing foreign exploitation with domestic exploitation. The seminar participants discussed how foreign control often equates to monopoly control, suggesting that local capitalism is less harmful, being represented by small businesses like grocery stores that struggle against larger supermarket chains. Companies like J. Wattie Canneries and various breweries were cited as examples of New Zealand-owned monopolies generating profits for a limited number of capitalists, and attendees called for the nationalisation of these entities. Debates at the meeting also covered the subject of the Bluff aluminium smelter, raising questions about its potential nationalisation due to foreign control. Rosenberg remarked that Comalco, the foreign entity behind the smelter, only benefited from New Zealand's electricity resources without giving back to local workers, as the smelter consumed a significant portion of the national electricity allocation for industry. K. Locke, editor of “Socialist Action,” noted the irony that the only nationalised industries in New Zealand were those that did not yield profits, such as the Railways and the National Airways Corporation. He maintained that private enterprises typically pursued high-return industries, and public ownership of these sectors could ease the tax burdens on working people. The conversation proposed pooling resources from profitable private entities under public ownership, managed by worker-elected representatives. As part of the seminar's broader agenda, various topics were also addressed, including Gay Liberation, lesbian feminism, and the struggle for legal abortion. Speakers from different political entities, including the Values, Socialist Action, and Labour parties, highlighted issues relevant to the upcoming elections. Overall, the seminar exemplified a collective call for systemic change regarding both foreign and local capitalist practices in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750915_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750915.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,179928000
4668,17,09,1975,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 17 September 1975)","Political candidates in New Zealand are currently facing significant pressure from numerous advocacy groups as they are inundated with questionnaires. Labour candidate Don Johnson, running for Riccarton, has expressed his dissatisfaction with what he perceives as “veiled threats” included in these inquiries. He specifically pointed out a questionnaire from the Campaign for Homosexual Equality that suggested non-response could indicate a lack of concern for moral issues, as well as a similar sentiment from the Women’s Electoral Lobby. Johnson is willing to respond but finds the implications troubling. In a separate matter, the exclusive access that public servants have enjoyed to wines from the Government Viticultural Research Station at Te Kauwhata is coming to an end. The station has announced it will cease bottle sales, opting instead to sell in bulk to commercial winemakers, making the wines less accessible to government employees than before. Innovative energy generation methods are also being explored, particularly an experimental technique harnessing the Gulf Stream's temperature differences. The latest edition of “Search,” a publication from the Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science, highlights such technology. New Zealand researchers have already been working on similar projects in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, where temperature variations in the water enable power generation through carbon dioxide circulation in a suspended tube. In the New Hebrides, a motorbike donated by the Belfast Rotary Club is transforming transport for medical professionals, facilitating travel between government hospitals and isolated clinics. The vehicle is stationed on the island Espiritu Santo, a place familiar to many New Zealanders from World War II. In a concerning development, there are reports of scams targeting elderly pensioners. Mrs F. J. Lindon, a 75-year-old widow from Spreydon, was misled by a gardening advertisement which led to her being overcharged $10 for inadequate work. A second gardener had to be called in to properly complete the task, highlighting issues of exploitation against vulnerable groups. Culinary activities have also gained attention at St Barnabas Anglican Church in Fendalton, where church ladies have compiled a recipe book, “Heavenly Fare for Saints and Sinners,” to fundraise for their centenary celebrations. The book features lavish dishes, contrasting sharply with an unassuming recipe for mince pie credited to Canon Bob Lowe, which humorously stands out for its simplicity. In an unusual incident, Mr Hugh Fowler in England found himself unexpectedly on a train headed to London in his pyjamas after a farewell kiss with his wife at Doncaster station. A jammed door prevented his exit, and while he felt embarrassed and feared arrest for his appearance, he was treated kindly by British Rail, who provided him a complimentary breakfast and allowed him to travel home without charge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750917_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750917.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180100800
7921,19,09,1975,"""press' Staff Win Prizes (Press, 19 September 1975)","On 19 September 1975, it was announced that two journalists from ""The Press"" in Wellington, John Collins and R. T. Brittenden, received prestigious Dulux journalism awards. Collins, a sub-editor, won the first Dulux comment award for his article titled ""Full Frontal Prudery,"" which satirised Miss Patricia Bartlett's warnings regarding the perceived dangers of homosexuality, along with several other satirical pieces. Brittenden, the sports editor, shared the sports award with Brian Turner from Dunedin for his coverage of the Commonwealth Games held in Christchurch the previous year. The awards ceremony took place in Wellington the following evening. The results were declared by Mr R. C. Fox, president of the New Zealand Journalists’ Union, who also acknowledged other notable journalists for their work. In the news category, Gavin Ellis from the ""New Zealand Herald"" won for his reporting on the wreck of the yacht Sospan Fach, while Doug Ryan from the ""Christchurch Star"" and eight staff members from the ""Dominion"" received highly commended mentions for reporting on a four-hour firearm incident. For the feature category, Mrs Lesley Wyatt from the ""Waikato Times"" emerged as the winner for her series of articles addressing challenges faced by solo parents. Highly commended in this category were John Shattock from the ""Waikato Times"" and Warwick Roger from the ""Dominion."" In the comment category, John Collins took the top spot, with John Hawkins from the ""Northern Advocate"" receiving a highly commended mention. The sports category saw R. T. Brittenden and Brian Turner share the honours as joint winners, with R. O. Dew and John Drew from ""The Press,"" as well as Terry Maddaford from the ""New Zealand Herald,"" receiving highly commended acknowledgments. The awards highlight the significant contributions of New Zealand journalists, recognising excellence in various categories, including news, features, comments, and sports reporting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750919_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750919.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180273600
4669,22,09,1975,"Unwanted Characters Go Out With A Bang (Press, 22 September 1975)","On 22 September 1975, the Australian television series ""Number 96,"" set in a fictional apartment block in Paddington, Sydney, gained intense publicity following a dramatic plot twist that involved a bomb explosion. This explosive event was orchestrated by one of the show's more villainous characters, resulting in the deaths of four major characters. The show's writers claimed that they had exhausted their creative ideas for these characters, prompting the shocking turn of events. The unexpected twist garnered significant attention, pushing the show’s ratings back up after a decline. Fans who had been loyal viewers since its debut three and a half years prior were outraged, with many expressing their discontent through phone calls that overwhelmed the switchboard at Channel Ten, the network broadcasting the series. Viewers began sending wreaths to commemorate the dead characters and initiated petitions for their reinstatement. Nevertheless, the show quickly adjusted to the fallout by introducing new characters and storylines, maintaining its reputation for being unconventional and controversial. ""Number 96,"" often compared to American shows like ""Peyton Place"" and Britain’s ""Coronation Street,"" had previously climbed to the top of the Sydney ratings after its launch in 1972, despite moral outcries and negative reviews from some segments of the press. The show became known for its provocative content that included themes of violence, sexuality, and nudity, which resonated with its audience. Johnny Lockwood, a prominent cast member who portrayed Aldo Godolfus, highlighted that many viewers felt embarrassed to admit they enjoyed the show, often reserving their interest for their children. Despite the challenges of maintaining high ratings, the recent explosion plot led to a resurgence in viewership. Lockwood, who had experienced a successful career spanning over 40 years, noted that the series provided him with financial stability and allowed him to invest in a wedding reception venue. However, tragedy struck shortly after his character's demise when Lockwood's wife passed away in a fall from their penthouse, adding a layer of personal heartbreak to the public spectacle surrounding ""Number 96."" The show continued on with new narratives and characters, demonstrating its resilience in the evolving landscape of Australian television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750922_2_35_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750922.2.35.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180532800
4671,22,09,1975,"Vice Racket Trial Ends (Press, 22 September 1975)","On 21 September 1975, Charles Hornby, a well-known figure in London's social elite, faced serious criminal charges. The 33-year-old, educated at Eton and noted for his charm and good looks, was convicted after a three-month trial at the Old Bailey for conspiracy to procure acts of gross indecency involving males under 21, as well as committing acts of gross indecency and attempting to pervert justice. Alongside Hornby, four other men were also implicated in the case, and the sentencing was scheduled for later that week. Hornby, who worked as an underwriter at Lloyd's of London, was admired in high society and often hosted Prince Charles. He led a seemingly glamorous life, divided between his town house in London and a country estate near the Welsh border. He was married to Amanda Fitzwilliam Hyde, a former debutante, and they had three children together. However, beneath this façade of respectability lay a shocking criminal operation: Hornby was a key player in a ""call-boy"" vice racket that exploited vulnerable young boys. The trial revealed that Hornby frequented a place known as ""Playlands,"" which was a hub for attracting young runaways by offering them money, meals, and shelter, ultimately luring them into homosexual prostitution. Witnesses testified that the venue was particularly attractive to young males in desperate situations, making them easy targets for those with more means. Hornby, who stood at 6ft 4in and had previously served as an officer in the 9th Lancers, would arrive at Playlands in his car to select from the new recruits for the vice operation. He would entertain these youths at his flat, even photographing them in several compromising poses. Over 30 youths were among the 70 prosecution witnesses, painting a disturbing picture of Hornby’s double life. While on remand in Brixton Prison, Hornby inherited an entire estate, which included a manor house and extensive grounds, highlighting the stark contrast between his wealthy background and his criminal activities. His family connections were notable, as his father had been the chairman of W.H. Smith, a significant newsagent, and his brother held the position of managing director. Hornby shared his criminal enterprise with four partners, including a taxi driver and a photographer who specialised in male models. Following the conclusion of the trial, local authorities, including Westminster City Council, began to act, seeking legal advice on how to address the continuation of operations at Playlands, with one councillor expressing a desire to see the establishment closed down in light of the revelations that emerged during the proceedings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750922_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750922.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180532800
4670,22,09,1975,"Whicker Speaks To Gay California (Press, 22 September 1975)","On 22 September 1975, Alan Whicker presented a thought-provoking programme on TVI that explored the gay liberation movement in California. The documentary delved into various aspects of the lives of homosexuals, offering a multifaceted view of the challenges and victories faced by those within the community. Whicker examined a unique marriage ceremony held for two homosexuals, highlighting efforts to achieve social recognition and legal acceptance. The programme also featured a church-backed community centre that provided counselling services for individuals seeking support and assistance. Whicker's investigation included the activism of a group of lesbians, showcasing their courage and determination to fight for rights and visibility in a society that often discriminates against them. Through the lens of a homosexual couple’s daily life, viewers were given insight into the personal experiences and enduring love within the community. A significant part of the documentary was dedicated to a pastor, who openly identified as a homosexual and encountered physical violence in a hostile environment. Despite these challenges, he delivered powerful sermons that resonated emotionally with both his congregation and broader audiences. Whicker actively sought to uncover the underlying philosophy that motivated these gay activists, presenting their earnest quest for acceptance from the wider community. Throughout the programme, Whicker's interviewing style allowed the diverse voices of California's gay community—homosexuals, lesbians, transsexuals, and others—to emerge authentically. His approach facilitated candid discussions about their experiences, aspirations, and fears, fostering a deeper understanding of their struggle for recognition as ""normal"" individuals within society. Whicker maintained a stance of neutrality, refraining from imparting his personal views and instead providing a platform for his subjects to articulate their own narratives. The documentary also included lighter moments, such as a playful interaction where a gay woman challenged Whicker's perspectives, bringing a touch of humour to the serious subject matter. The coverage of various community centres and churches that offered counselling and support services further highlighted the resourcefulness and resilience of the gay community. Overall, Whicker's programme was regarded as one of his more serious and contemplative documentaries, offering audiences insights into the gay liberation movement and promoting greater understanding of the experiences of homosexuals in California during this transformative era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750922_2_35_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750922.2.35.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180532800
7922,23,09,1975,"Nudists Expect Visit From Miss Bartlett (Press, 23 September 1975)","Nudists from across New Zealand are set to gather at Ohope Beach in November for their annual meeting, despite anticipated opposition from the Society for the Protection of Community Standards. The society's spokesperson, Miss Patricia Bartlett, has reportedly instructed members to be present at the beach during the nudists' gathering, with plans to publicly complain about their presence. The Waikato Outdoor Society's public relations officer, Mrs Muriel Howell, stated that approximately 50 adult nudists and an equal number of children are expected to attend, representing 20 different clubs. They will occupy a motor camp owned by a fellow nudist, which will be closed to the public for the two-day event. This will mark the third consecutive year that the gathering has been held at Ohope Beach, and until now, there have been no complaints about the events. Authorities in the area are said to be supportive of the nudists' activities, with local police previously checking in to ensure there were no issues. The nudists learned of the potential protests during the New Zealand Sunbathing Association's annual meeting, where a letter from Miss Bartlett encouraging members to protest was shared. Mrs Howell expressed frustration over the intentions of those seeking to complain, emphasising that it is unreasonable for individuals to intentionally seek out nudists simply to lodge complaints. She stated that nudists typically choose secluded spots to avoid public embarrassment. However, she acknowledged that such locations can sometimes pose risks, mentioning past incidents where members required rescue due to a dangerous rip current. The nudists are advocating for new legislation that would allow local councils to designate specific open beaches for nudist activities, arguing that current laws make it possible for them to be prosecuted merely for being nude in public. Mrs Howell described the situation as ""ridiculous,"" reiterating their desire for peace and understanding from the public.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750923_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750923.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180619200
4672,24,09,1975,"A Touch Of Class From Whicker (Press, 24 September 1975)","On 24 September 1975, a commentary was published discussing a documentary by Alan Whicker that focused on the experiences and issues faced by American homosexuals. The piece highlighted the irony in the use of the term ""gay,"" which is traditionally associated with joy and cheerfulness. It noted that the individuals interviewed were not lighthearted but rather engaged in serious discussions about their lives and challenges as homosexuals. The commentary observed that those expecting to see flamboyant stereotypes of homosexuals would be disappointed, as the documentary featured ordinary people articulating their thoughts about their struggles. While some representatives of the gay movement exaggerated their claims, the overall tone of the discussions was presented as sober and intelligent. It praised Whicker for addressing the sensitive topic with sensitivity and respect, in contrast to some of his previous works which had a more sensationalist angle. The programme was deemed a significant contribution to the ongoing discussion around homosexual law reform, suggesting it painted the gay experience in a more positive and relatable light. The commentary also touched on the quality of television programming that night, noting that the finale of “Upstairs, Downstairs” was particularly moving due to its portrayal of the contrasting innocence of the pre-World War I era against the impending doom of war, evoking contemplation about individual struggles amidst larger historical events. In contrast, the reviewer expressed disappointment with a different show, “My Wife Next Door,” which was described as a lacklustre comedy starring John Aiderton and Hannah Gordon. The premise of the show, involving a couple living next to each other post-divorce yet still in love, was critiqued for being unfunny and poorly scripted. Overall, the commentary reflected a positive assessment of Whicker's documentary and the portrayal of homosexual issues while lamenting the existence of subpar entertainment within the television landscape. It concluded with an appreciation for the effectiveness of quality television drama, implying a desire for more programming of similar calibre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750924_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750924.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180705600
4023,25,09,1975,"Homosexuality ‘not Threat’ (Press, 25 September 1975)","On 25 September 1975, Mr P. R. Maling, a spokesman for Gay Liberation in Christchurch, expressed that the primary threat to family stability in New Zealand is an unhealthy attitude towards sex, rather than homosexuality itself. His comments were a response to statements made by Dr Claire Isbister, an Australian paediatrician visiting New Zealand on a lecture tour for the Roman Catholic Women's League. Dr Isbister noted that a boy requires a father figure to help identify his gender. Maling contested this assertion, stating that while some males might develop transsexual tendencies due to early gender confusion, such cases are quite rare. Maling argued that Dr Isbister's implication is that a boy’s potential homosexual attractions should be suppressed to maintain family stability, which he described as a ""mystical"" rather than scientific view. He cited cultural examples, such as the Siwans of Africa and ancient Greece, where male homosexual relations existed without undermining family stability. On the contrary, he suggested that New Zealand's rigid adherence to heterosexual norms and the societal rejection of male homosexuality serve to threaten family stability by imposing unrealistic expectations on relationships. Furthermore, Maling highlighted what he saw as a gender bias in discussions about homosexuality, noting that Dr Isbister focused solely on male homosexuality without mentioning female homosexuality. He pointed out the lack of legal repercussions for lesbian acts, contrasting that with the treatment of male homosexuality. Maling also noted that issues like adultery, which are significant threats to family integrity, are often overlooked by those who express concern about family stability while supporting laws against male homosexuality. He concluded by stating that the real danger to family security stems from New Zealand's unhealthy attitudes towards sex, as exemplified by the Parliament's reaffirmation of laws against male homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19750925_2_200.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19750925.2.200,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,180792000
4024,01,10,1975,"‘Aequus’ Charge Adjourned Again (Press, 1 October 1975)","The case against Paul Robert Harper Mating, a 60-year-old man, who has pleaded not guilty to charges under the Indecent Publications Act 1963 and the Crimes Act 1961, has been further adjourned to October 7, 1975, by Magistrate Mr E. S. J. Crutchley. The postponement allows both the defence and prosecution additional time to examine the details of the case. Mr Mating is accused of being involved in the printing of an indecent document, specifically the February 1975 edition of ""Aequus,"" volume 2, number 2, which was reportedly printed by Michael Stephen Waghorn. The prosecution's case posits that Mr Mating contributed an article to ""Aequus,"" which was then mailed to the complainant. Sergeant J. Palmer, representing the prosecution, contended that ""Aequus"" should be classified not as a book, but as a document. Under the current legal framework, if ""Aequus"" were categorised as a book, it would necessitate a ruling by the Indecent Publications Tribunal. The monthly publication ""Aequus"" operates like a newsletter, according to Sergeant Palmer, rather than a book or magazine in the traditional sense. Magistrate Crutchley expressed confusion over the jurisdiction in this matter, stating the need for the tribunal to make a determination if the case required it. He commented on the broad nature of what constitutes printed material, suggesting that if ""Aequus"" is to be considered a periodical, it would indeed qualify as a book under the relevant legislation. During the hearing, Mr Mating’s lawyer, Mr Maiing, challenged the legitimacy of the prosecution. He pointed out several discrepancies, including the fact that the informant, a police officer, had not been named and that his address was also undisclosed. Mr Maiing argued that the prosecution owed a duty to justice to provide complete particulars about the informant. He asserted that the case was improperly associated with the Crimes Act since it did not pertain to that statute. Instead, he suggested that the matter should have been under the Summary Proceedings Act. Moreover, Mr Maiing contended that there was no case to answer as the publication was not sold but rather distributed as part of a subscription for the Gay Liberation group. He stressed that it was inappropriate to cite two separate acts and sections in one piece of information, arguing for the dismissal of charges on these grounds. The Magistrate chose not to make any rulings until both the prosecution and defence had the opportunity to further analyse and discuss the case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751001_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751001.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,181310400
4675,04,10,1975,"Man Sues Seven Newspapers (Press, 4 October 1975)","On 4 October 1975, Oliver Sipple, a former marine who intervened during an assassination attempt on President Gerald Ford, initiated a $1 million invasion of privacy lawsuit against seven American newspapers. Sipple's action is based on the claim that these publications disclosed his sexual orientation as a homosexual, which he argues is an inappropriate violation of his privacy. His lawyer, John Wahl, emphasised that while Sipple's actions may have saved the President's life when he intervened to prevent Sara Jane Moore from firing a shot at Ford on 22 September 1975, this should not give the media the authority to intrude into his personal life. Sipple alleged that the public revelation of his homosexuality led to severe personal consequences, including estrangement from his family, as his parents and siblings ceased communication with him. He noted that the disclosure has subjected him to societal ridicule, contempt, and humiliation. The initial report revealing Sipple's sexual orientation appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle and subsequently spread through the Los Angeles Times and other media outlets. The additional defendants in Sipple's lawsuit include the Chicago Sun-Times, the Denver Post, the Des Moines Register, the Indianapolis Star, and the San Antonio Express. Following the attempted shooting, Sipple was acknowledged by the White House, receiving a letter of thanks from President Ford four days post-incident in recognition of his heroism. This legal action spotlights the tension between personal privacy and press freedom, particularly surrounding the lives of individuals thrust into the public eye due to their actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751004_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751004.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,181569600
4674,04,10,1975,"Once In A Lifetime Drive To Sell Americans Happy... (Press, 4 October 1975)",,,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751004_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751004.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,181569600
4673,04,10,1975,"Pathetic, Puzzling Traitor (Press, 4 October 1975)","John Vassall's autobiography, ""Vassal!: The Autobiography of a Spy,"" recounts his experiences and motivations surrounding his conviction for espionage for the Soviet Union in 1962. Despite the book's release following his parole after serving ten years of an eighteen-year sentence, Vassall's narrative does not depart from the impression of his weak character established during his trial and the subsequent Radcliffe Tribunal. The text serves more as an explanation than an earnest justification for his actions, leaving readers grappling with his questionable motivations. Vassall's downfall began during a homosexual encounter in Moscow, which led him to be blackmailed by Soviet agents. Initially working as a junior attache at the British Embassy, he was coerced into passing confidential information. Upon returning to London to serve as an intelligence officer at the Admiralty, he continued to illegally photograph documents and relay sensitive information to the Soviets, again under the threat of exposure regarding his sexual orientation. The narrative underscores that Vassall's motivations were neither political nor financially driven, as he had no deep-rooted political convictions or strong desire for the money offered by his handlers. His primary concern revolved around keeping the details of the embarrassing incident at the Moscow party from reaching the British Ambassador, thus revealing his personal anxieties about being outed at a time when society harshly judged homosexuality. This reflection is contextualised in the 1950s, a period when numerous prominent British figures faced severe repercussions due to their sexual orientation. Such societal pressures intensified Vassall's reluctance to confess initially and compounded his sense of betrayal as he continued his acts of treason. However, with changing societal norms and the subsequent legalisation of homosexual acts in private between consenting adults, the inherent stigma lessened considerably. In today’s society, Vassall would likely find it more challenging to yield to manipulation from sophisticated individuals due to reduced societal judgement. Despite his actions, there lingers an element of sympathy for Vassall. His predicament, though dire, stemmed from a mix of personal weakness and the formidable pressures he faced. In hindsight, he recognised the wrongness of his choices, and there was an odd sense of relief at the moment of his arrest, as it marked the end of his internal struggle and the revelation of his story to the world. The autobiography ultimately paints a picture of a tragic figure caught between personal fear and the manipulation of a hostile foreign power.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751004_2_80_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751004.2.80.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,181569600
7768,06,10,1975,"'errors In Roll’ (Press, 6 October 1975)","An investigation has been launched into significant discrepancies in the electoral roll for the Raglan electorate, as flagged by National Party officials. They have discovered numerous errors and duplications that could allow some individuals to cast multiple votes in the upcoming General Election. Mr P. M. Hamilton, the Raglan electorate chairman for the National Party, described the electoral roll as the worst he has ever encountered, with early reviews revealing about three apparent errors for every page. Miss Marilyn Waring, the National Party's candidate for Raglan, has urged the public to verify their enrolments to help rectify the duplicated voter numbers before the supplementary roll closes later in October 1975. She emphasised that without public intervention, many duplications could remain unaddressed, resulting in an inaccurate electoral roll. Miss Waring noted that there is no evidence suggesting the discrepancies, referred to as ""phantom voters,"" were intentionally created. However, initial audits uncovered cases where individuals' names appeared multiple times on the roll with minor variations in spelling or addresses. Some names were duplicated on the same page of the roll but listed in separate columns. There were instances where the same individual had one listing under an old address and another under a new one, as well as names of individuals no longer residing in the district. Through accidental checks on family listings, it was revealed that one family member was documented three times. Further checks indicated that 30 individuals were registered in both the Western Maori and Raglan electorates. Mr Hamilton stated that the discrepancies would be addressed with the Post Office electoral officers, who oversee the compilation of the electoral rolls. This scrutiny comes in the wake of the 1972 General Election, where former National candidate D. J. Carter secured a majority of 1231 votes over his Labour rival, A. J. Smith. Carter, however, is set to retire at the end of his current term.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751006_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751006.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,181742400
6590,08,10,1975,"'Ms Liz' Has Had Enough Whitlam’s Adviser On... (Press, 8 October 1975)","Elizabeth Reid, the adviser on women's affairs to Australian Prime Minister Gough Whitlam, has announced her resignation after two and a half years in a role that has proven to be exhausting and fraught with challenges. This decision comes after a series of health issues that led her to request a holiday. Reid, who was also the convener of the Australian National Advisory Committee for International Women’s Year (I.W.Y.), expressed frustration with the bureaucracy and the lack of clear support for her initiatives. In a recent interview at an I.W.Y. conference in Canberra, Reid revealed her feelings of bitterness and cynicism, noting that she felt isolated and unfairly targeted for criticism. She described the challenge of aligning the differing expectations of various groups regarding women's affairs, from militant feminists who believed she was not being assertive enough, to conservative factions who thought she was going too far. Her appointment had already generated controversy, with some viewing it as tokenism. Reid's tenure has been marked by a series of high-profile and contentious issues, including her public statements on topics such as marijuana use, child care, and support for non-working wives, which were met with mixed reactions. Following a problematic I.W.Y. conference, Reid faced backlash stemming from media scrutiny and public protests, which only intensified the perception that her role was more about appearances than substantive progress. Whitlam's dissatisfaction with Reid's perceived ineffectiveness in a politically charged atmosphere further complicated her position, culminating in the cancellation of an upcoming United Nations seminar that she was set to be involved in. As Reid contemplated a new position within Whitlam’s office, intended to provide her with more authority and a permanent role, negotiations faltered over the lack of guarantees regarding the reporting structure of that new unit. Reid’s resignation surprised many supporters, including members of the Women’s Electoral Lobby and even some feminists, who recognised her as caught between competing factions of the women's rights movement. Despite being loyal to her cause, Reid was often critiqued for either not aligning closely enough with feminism or for being too embracing of it. Her resignation, perceived as a calculated decision rather than an emotional one, marks a significant shift in her career. Reid, who previously left her academic position at the Australian National University to take on this role, is now on leave and considering various job offers, including a position with an American women’s magazine and a global lecture tour. The position that Reid vacated will soon be open for others to apply, leaving behind a complex legacy amid an evolving landscape for women's affairs in Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751008_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751008.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,181915200
4676,15,10,1975,"Los Angeles Controversy (Press, 15 October 1975)","On 15 October 1975, tensions escalated in Los Angeles regarding a recent decision by the Los Angeles Civil Service Commission that allows homosexuals to serve as police officers. The ruling has spurred controversy, leading to threats of resignation from police officers and strong criticism from Police Chief Edward Davis. He expressed dissatisfaction with the decision, questioning why the police department, which he described as among the best globally, should be the first to face this change. The commission's ruling stated that homosexuality cannot be used as a justification for denying candidates entry into the police academy or for dismissing current officers based on their sexual orientation. It also encouraged those previously dismissed due to their sexual orientation to seek reinstatement. This decision has not been well received by many within the police force. Officer Antonio Amador, who serves as president of the Police Protective League, disclosed that numerous officers across the city are considering resigning if the rule is not overturned. In reaction to the ruling, approximately 500 homosexual rights activists staged a ""Goodbye, Ed, Candlelight March"" in Hollywood, directing their protest towards Chief Davis. They concluded their march at a police station, where they displayed placards calling for Davis's resignation, underscoring the divisive nature of the ruling and highlighting the ongoing struggle for acceptance and equality within law enforcement. The events reflect the broader societal tensions surrounding LGBTQ+ rights during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751015_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751015.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,182520000
4677,16,10,1975,"There’s A Man In The Cake (Press, 16 October 1975)","In an article published on 16 October 1975, Charles Foley of the Observer Foreign News Service explores the emergence of male cake-poppers, a playful twist on a once-popular entertainment fad. The male cake-popper phenomenon has gained traction in line with the sexual equality movements and the broader context of International Women’s Year. Traditionally, this act involved a naked woman emerging from a cake at parties, typically to entertain male guests. However, now men are taking on this role, particularly at bachelorette parties and other female gatherings, especially in California. David Williams, a student from San Jose State University, has engaged in popping cakes at various parties over the past year. His experiences range from receiving playful reactions to awkward moments, including an incident where a woman bit his arm during a celebration. He has reportedly made up to $50 for his performances, using a plastic foam cake wrapped in decorative materials. Williams partners with Danny Zezzo, who operates an entertainment agency that provides both male and female models for events. Zezzo claims that male cake-popping adds ""surprise and spice"" to otherwise mundane gatherings, often catering to groups of older women at mixed business parties and conventions. The trend plays into a nostalgic, tongue-in-cheek humour surrounding the idea of women as ""edible"" objects, echoing themes prevalent in American culture. Even though cake-popping traditionally catered to female guests, agencies are experiencing an increasing demand for male cake-poppers. These performances often take place at events such as car firm gatherings, retirement parties, and informal get-togethers. While there is a light-hearted atmosphere surrounding cake-popping events, some critics within the women's movement dismiss the trend as trivial, viewing it as an extension of gender roles that demeans individuals regardless of gender. A spokesperson from a feminist group expressed concern that such events may promote the objectification of men, likening it to how the concept has historically treated women. Despite mixed reactions, the trend has been acknowledged by more mainstream media, with corporations noting steady interest in hiring cake-poppers for various events—including conventions for the Associated Retail Bakers of America. Some unconventional themes have even emerged, such as a paint company featuring a woman jumping from a paint can. Overall, this phenomenon illustrates an evolving discussion around gender roles and the interplay of humour, sexuality, and objectification, as both men and women navigate the new societal norms brought about by the sexual revolution and women’s liberation movements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751016_2_211.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751016.2.211,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,182606400
4678,21,10,1975,"Mr E. G. Crockett ‘more Drainage Money Needed’ (Press, 21 October 1975)","Mr E. G. Crockett, the Social Credit candidate contesting for the Lyttelton electorate in 1975, has outlined his priorities for the region, highlighting the need for improved drainage in the hill areas and a well-managed container port to avoid labour issues. This marks Mr Crockett's first candidacy; he is a former commercial pilot turned administration officer for a plumbing firm in Christchurch. At 31, he is married with two children. Mr Crockett has expressed concern about the current challenges faced by the Drainage Board, citing insufficient government funding as a significant obstacle. He argues that effective drainage solutions cannot be achieved without proper town planning in the hilly regions, suggesting that haphazard housing developments are exacerbating stormwater drainage problems. He believes a planned approach is crucial for addressing these issues. On the topic of the container port, Mr Crockett emphasises the importance of a methodical strategy that aligns with Social Credit policies. He endorses the port's development while warning that labour relations should be handled carefully to prevent conflicts. He proposes forming industrial councils that include all waterfront workers, granting them a voice in port operations and a stake in profits. In addition to these local concerns, Mr Crockett has laid out his broader policy proposals. He advocates for housing loans at a 3 per cent interest rate, determined by the borrower's repayment capacity, and seeks the abolition of the compulsory superannuation scheme, proposing instead a voluntary system with pension eligibility beginning at age 60 for men and 55 for women. He has voiced his opposition to the White Paper on health introduced by Mr McGuigan, arguing it could lead to a shortage of doctors and restrict patient choice regarding healthcare providers and facilities. In education, Mr Crockett supports the retention of both State and private schools, proposing financial assistance for parents who choose private education, amounting to half the cost of sending a child to a State school. This funding would also support the operational costs of private institutions. On social matters, Mr Crockett calls for clearer laws regarding abortion, stating he does not support abortion on demand but believes existing regulations could be more transparent. He expresses his intention to legalise consensual homosexual acts for adults over 18, although he insists on stringent penalties for any attempts to influence minors. Committed to eradicating discrimination against women, he endorses the initiatives put forth in the Parliamentary Select Committee’s report on women's societal roles. Finally, Mr Crockett references fiscal policies of Social Credit to fund his proposals. He presents an optimistic view, asserting that New Zealand's overseas deficit, as a percentage of gross national product, is the lowest since 1967. He suggests withdrawing from the International Monetary Fund to reduce reliance on loan repayments, advocating for a barter system for international trade to facilitate direct exchanges of goods between nations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751021_2_137_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751021.2.137.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,183038400
4680,23,10,1975,"Mr Q. D. J. Manson ‘drainage Most Important’ (Press, 23 October 1975)","Quinton Manson, the Social Credit League’s candidate for St Albans, is advocating for the accessibility of interest-free loans to support the Drainage Board's efforts to enhance drainage in the area. Manson, a 42-year-old draughtsman-estimator with two daughters, identifies poor drainage as the most pressing local issue and emphasises the need for sufficient financial resources to tackle it. As the 1975 election approaches, he expresses concern that voters are being distracted by personal rivalries rather than focusing on critical economic issues. Manson argues for the establishment of a social credit economy, believing it would lead to significant benefits, including lower taxation and a decrease in inflation rates. He contends that Parliament is not the appropriate venue for moral debates, suggesting that such topics should be addressed by the churches. He supports homosexual law reform but holds a personal stance against abortion on demand, advocating instead for better access to contraceptives and education to minimise the need for abortions. Manson predicts a closely contested election, as he believes disillusionment with major political parties is growing among the electorate. He highlights that the Social Credit League operates both as a political entity and a pressure group, noting that many of its policy ideas have been adopted by other parties. Despite this, he maintains that these policies will not be effectively implemented without a comprehensive social credit economic framework. He praises the National Party's superannuation scheme for its similarities to Social Credit's earlier policies and affirms his commitment to the League's humanitarian goals and monetary reform. Manson argues that the current financial system is outdated and incapable of sustaining or improving living standards. He condemns the negative campaigning commonly employed by major parties, asserting his dedication to an honest representation of the St Albans electorate in the House of Representatives and to the implementation of the Social Credit Policy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751023_2_50_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751023.2.50.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,183211200
4679,23,10,1975,"Mr R. P. R. Drayton ‘uncompromising Stand’ (Press, 23 October 1975)","Roger Drayton, the Labour candidate and Member of Parliament for St Albans, has made a strong stance on issues such as abortion law reform and homosexual law reform, stating that his views may be more rigid than those of the Roman Catholic Church despite not being a Catholic himself. Drayton, who has been representing St Albans since 1960, voted against the Crimes Amendment Bill relating to homosexual reform, insisting that his actions mirrored the sentiments of his constituents. At 50 years old, he has a long-standing history with the Labour Party, which he joined at age 16, and prior to his political career, he served in the Royal New Zealand Air Force, achieving the rank of Squadron Leader. Drayton emphasised that moral issues are significant in the upcoming election, noting substantial support for his ""uncompromising"" stance on both abortion and homosexual rights within his electorate. He also highlighted housing as a crucial topic, crediting the government for the completion of 34,000 houses in 1973 and 1974, and affirmed the necessity to sustain this success. A pressing concern for residents of St Albans has been a long-standing issue with open drains, dating back to 1946. Drayton expressed frustration with the drainage boards' financial limitations that have hindered necessary improvements. He noted that recent severe storms have adversely affected many commercial growers in his area and praised their advocacy for support, wishing more pressure groups would emulate their effective approach. Throughout his tenure, Drayton has maintained close contact with his constituents, sending out around 10,000 pieces of mail annually to address housing and social welfare concerns. He adheres to three core principles: responsibility to his electorate, service to Parliament, and service to the Labour Party, in that order. He found that his views usually aligned with those of his party, appreciating the egalitarian nature of caucus meetings where every member's argument carries weight. Drayton takes pride in being part of the third Labour Government of New Zealand, claiming substantial achievements over a short span of three years. He believes that New Zealand has gained international respect under the current government, successfully establishing the country's position in Asia and the Pacific. He asserts that the Labour Party is representative of New Zealand's populace, enriched with the people, policies, and purpose necessary for providing strong and progressive governance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751023_2_50_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751023.2.50.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,183211200
7015,29,10,1975,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 29 October 1975)","On 29 October 1975, a summary of correspondence published revealed various opinions on political issues, church involvement, broadcasting costs, teaching practices, public transport behaviour, and animal welfare in New Zealand. The editor outlined guidelines for letter submissions, stating they must not exceed 150 words and require legible signatures and full addresses. Letters discussing political parties and the upcoming General Election were to be accepted only with real names. Several correspondents debated themes related to the election, including a response from Sandi Hall representing the Women’s Electoral Lobby (W.E.L.), who defended its activities against claims of frustration expressed by political commentators. Hall stated that the results of their regional scoring would be published soon, encouraging transparency. G. C. Suggate critiqued R. J. Hobbs for lacking a deep understanding of Christianity's teachings, particularly in relation to current political entities, while D. T. Archbold expressed concern over church leaders supporting a specific campaign, questioning their alignment with Christian principles. Furthermore, H. E. Menrath lamented the Labour Party's tactics against Mr Muldoon, calling for stronger governance as a means to resolve New Zealand's economic troubles. R. V. Shaw campaigned for a Citizens’ Tax to replace local rates, arguing that current rates unfairly burden certain householders, particularly pensioners. In regard to broadcasting, Veritas, a concerned correspondent, raised questions about salaries within the sector. The Director-General clarified some of these queries, alleviating concerns about broadcasting financial disparities. In education, correspondence highlighted confusion among parents regarding school workload definitions. Labour expressed hope for improved teaching standards to better inform students. Public transport issues were articulated by Garibaldi, who critiqued the behaviour of Christchurch bus drivers, calling their approach dangerous to cyclists and other road users. The Christchurch Transport Board acknowledged the complaint, encouraging specific incident reports for better accountability. Finally, concerns over sheep slaughter methods were raised by a correspondent, with a call for humane practices in line with industry standards, emphasizing the moral implications and potential international reputation risks regarding New Zealand’s meat industry. Overall, the letters illustrated a society engaged in critical conversations around governance, ethics, and community welfare during a politically charged period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751029_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751029.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,183726000
4681,30,10,1975,"Viewers' Views (Press, 30 October 1975)","On 30 October 1975, a letter published in the newspaper expressed strong opinions about feminist views and societal changes related to women's rights. The writer reflected on the idea that women should have the freedom to engage in activities such as being picked up by strangers and going to their homes without the fear of being assaulted. They argued that it is common sense for women to avoid potentially dangerous situations, insinuating that feminist movements demand respect from men while simultaneously seeking unfettered freedom. The letter critiqued various aspects of feminism, suggesting that calls for gender equality and rights—such as the ability to use unisex toilets, coexistence of unmarried couples, legalised prostitution, and the potential weakening of marriage vows through the use of titles like ""Ms""—could lead to a breakdown of traditional family structures. The writer lamented that pressure from women's groups could devastate the family unit, ultimately harming children. Additionally, the letter discussed television content aimed at children. It touched on a specific programme, “Romper Room,” asserting that its simplistic and moralistic approach was inadequate for pre-schoolers, many of whom do not receive early education. The writer advocated for better content that could engage children's imaginations and inform parents, enabling a richer home experience for those unable to attend pre-schools. Overall, the sentiments expressed were critical of progressive shifts in gender equality and dissatisfaction with children's television programming, advocating for a return to traditional values and more engaging educational content for young viewers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751030_2_34_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751030.2.34.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,183812400
4025,03,11,1975,"Superannuation Deductions (Press, 3 November 1975)","On 3 November 1975, several letters to the editor were published, touching on various political and social issues relevant to New Zealand at the time. One letter, written by an individual identified as GEE THANKS, raised concerns about the deductions from their pay as a poll clerk under the New Zealand Superannuation Act. The writer questioned the necessity of contributing to a scheme from which they would not benefit, given their self-employed status. The general manager of the New Zealand Superannuation Corporation, Mr R. M. Muir, responded, explaining the contributions are cumulative and emphasising that many people have varied employment throughout their lives. He pointed out that self-employed individuals could also contribute to the scheme and noted that exceptions to standard procedures often lead to increased administrative costs. Another letter addressed comments made by Labour Party candidate Mr G. W. Lowrie regarding the economic conditions for farmers in the Rakaia electorate, asserting that farmers were better off under the Labour government compared to the National government. This viewpoint was challenged by G. W. Eastwick, who urged Lowrie to engage with local farmers to gain a more accurate perspective on their situation. The Social Credit League's candidate for St Albans, Quinton Manson, faced critique from P. R. H. Maltng of the Gay Liberation Front, who dismissed Manson’s comparison of homosexuality to alcoholism as misleading. Maltng affirmed the naturalness of homosexuality from a biological standpoint and cited authoritative sources that have declassified homosexuality as a psychiatric disorder, advocating for its acceptance. M. G. Clucas highlighted concerns over Lowrie’s personal attacks on National Party leader Mr Muldoon, suggesting that focusing on formulating effective economic policies would be more beneficial than resorting to personal insults. A letter from B. W. A. Johnson expressed discontent among young voters regarding the Labour government's economic management, lamenting the perceived burden of high taxation and government debt on future generations, which seemed to threaten their living standards compared to those of their parents. Finally, June Young called for political candidates to address issues related to animal welfare. She advocated for compulsory spaying and neutering of pets to manage the overpopulation of stray animals, arguing that pet ownership should come with the responsibility of controlling animal populations, in addition to the normal political concerns being addressed. These letters reflect the pressing social, economic, and political discussions of the time as New Zealand approached a general election, with constituents actively seeking change and accountability from their representatives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751103_2_100_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751103.2.100.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,184158000
7318,04,11,1975,"Mr R. Duff ‘more Facilities For Young’ (Press, 4 November 1975)","Robin Duff, the Values Party candidate for Christchurch Central, expressed significant concerns regarding the lack of child care and pre-school facilities in the area. He noted that during his six years living in Christchurch Central, he has identified this issue as the most pressing need, especially as more young people and families are moving into the central city. Duff remarked on the demographic shift, indicating that older residential areas are converting into flats, attracting young families who are saving for home ownership amid a housing and mortgage finance shortage. This trend, he asserts, has heightened the demand for child care services. In addition to advocating for more child care facilities, Duff is calling for tighter rent controls in response to the ongoing conversion of residential properties. He believes that the Government has made some progress but suggests further action is necessary, particularly in Christchurch Central, where a significant portion of the population consists of individuals on fixed incomes, including pensioners and student teachers and nurses. Duff also raised concerns about the fragmented development of the city centre, suggesting that the recent construction of high-rise buildings could lead to future congestion and associated problems. He emphasised the importance of preserving the character of the central city as high-density developments continue to emerge. On broader national issues, Duff expressed his commitment to women’s and minority rights, alongside a strong stance on delivering a political commitment to ""moral"" issues such as abortion and homosexuality. He voiced dissatisfaction with the current practice adopted by other political parties, which allows MPs to vote based on personal conscience on such issues. He contended that political parties should take a stance on moral issues just as they do on other policies, providing voters with a clearer understanding of what they are supporting. At 28 years old, Robin Duff is a bachelor and teaches at Burnside High School. His political journey began in 1972 when he first contested a parliamentary seat in Hastings for the Values Party.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751104_2_216_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751104.2.216.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,184244400
4682,04,11,1975,"Pasolini Dead (Press, 4 November 1975)","On 3 November 1975, renowned Italian film director Pier Paolo Pasolini was murdered near Rome. The police reported that a 17-year-old boy, Giuseppe Pelosi, confessed to the crime, claiming that Pasolini had made homosexual advances towards him. Pasolini's badly mutilated body was discovered at the beach resort of Ostia at dawn. Prior to the incident, Pelosi had been arrested on car theft charges after being caught driving Pasolini’s vehicle. Pasolini, aged 53, was celebrated as one of Italy's most significant yet contentious filmmakers. He had been actively working on “The 120 Days of Sodom” in the months leading up to his death. The project faced setbacks when about a third of the film, along with original negatives of two other films, was stolen the previous August. His literary career began with novels such as “The Ragazzi” (1957) and “A Violent Life” (1959), which depicted the harsh realities of life for hustlers, petty criminals, and prostitutes in Rome's slums. While these works faced censorship in Italy, they received acclaim internationally for their strong moral undertones presented without didacticism. Pasolini made his directorial debut in 1961 with “Accattone,” a grim tale about a pimp who loses his prostitute and turns to theft. His next film, “Mamma Roma,” which featured Anna Magnani, focused on a prostitute's unsuccessful attempt to change her life for the sake of her son and prompted a violent response from right-wing youths during its premiere in Rome. His complex relationship with the Roman Catholic Church began with “La Ricotta,” a satirical piece that depicted the absurdity of a commercial religious film's production. This film featured an extra who, while portraying one of the crucified thieves, suffers a fatal case of indigestion from overeating ricotta cheese. In 1964, Pasolini earned considerable acclaim for his adaptation of “The Gospel according to Matthew,” which was dedicated to Pope John XXIII. His more recent works included adaptations of classic literary texts, including Giovanni Boccaccio's “Decameron” and Geoffrey Chaucer's “The Canterbury Tales.” Pasolini's death marked a tragic end to a career that challenged societal norms and explored themes of sexuality, religion, and morality, leaving a lasting impact on the film industry and Italian culture.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751104_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751104.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,184244400
4684,06,11,1975,"Mr A. H. Kunowski ‘environment Is Big Issue’ (Press, 6 November 1975)","Tony Kunowski, the Values Party candidate for Papanui, aims to focus on environmental issues during the upcoming election. At 28 years old and working as a tutor in economics and statistics at the Christchurch Technical Institute, Kunowski emigrated from England to New Zealand in 1962. He believes that as urban populations and industries expand, they do so at the detriment of the environment. Kunowski advocates for devolving government functions to the regional level, positing that local concerns should be addressed locally. He argues that Members of Parliament (M.P.s) should primarily represent their electorates in national matters and keep their constituents informed about their activities. He identifies the economy, particularly inflation, unemployment, and national debt, as the top election issue, suggesting that New Zealanders may need to accept limitations on economic growth and consider selective import controls. Having joined the Values Party in 1972, Kunowski acknowledges that the party began as a pressure group but has since recognised its political potential and aims for power. He expresses pride in the party’s unity and commitment to its principles. He believes the current economic structure contributes to various social issues, indicating a need for courageous governmental leadership to foster social change. Kunowski summarises his campaign with three key concepts: liberty, ecology, and community. He champions individual freedoms as long as they do not harm the greater community. He cites issues like homosexuality and abortion as areas where public interference is unwarranted. He emphasises that the ecology movement is essential and not merely a trend, warning that human greed poses a serious threat to the planet's ecological balance. Additionally, he stresses the importance of fostering community spirit and encouraging public involvement in decision-making processes affecting their lives. If elected, Kunowski pledges to promote participatory democracy by actively seeking the opinions of his constituents on legislative matters. Overall, his campaign is framed around the importance of environmental sustainability, economic stability, and enhanced community engagement in governance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751106_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751106.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,184417200
4683,06,11,1975,"Your Candidates— Papanui Mr H. J. Walker ‘strong... (Press, 6 November 1975)","Bert Walker, the National Party candidate and current member of Parliament for Papanui, emphasised in his campaign that the cost of living and the need for strong leadership will be the key issues in the upcoming election. Having served as an MP for 15 years, he believes that under a National Party government, the economy would be better managed due to its composition of experienced business leaders. Walker indicated that superannuation and New Zealand's role in international sports would also be significant topics during the election discussions. He advocates for the freedom of New Zealanders to participate in sports without governmental interference. Born in Rangiora to pioneer ancestors, Walker has spent most of his life in the Papanui district. Prior to entering Parliament, he held several senior roles in various governmental agencies, including the Post and Telegraph Department and the Totalisator Agency Board. He was first elected as the representative for St Albans, later securing the new Papanui seat in 1969, the same year he joined the cabinet, taking on responsibilities as Postmaster-General, Minister of Broadcasting, and Minister of Tourism and Publicity. Walker expressed that moral issues would feature prominently in the election, identifying himself as an anti-abortionist. He supports allowing necessary therapeutic abortions to happen in public hospitals, prioritising the health of the mother over the doctor's fees. He also advocates for sex education to begin at home and extend to schools only with parental consent. He firmly opposes any changes to current homosexual law, stating he could not support any amendments. As the National Party's spokesperson on broadcasting, he critiqued the Labour Government's new broadcasting framework, calling it poorly planned and costly, implying it does not serve the public effectively due to unnecessary service duplications. Walker asserted the importance of having well-qualified and experienced representation in Parliament, particularly during challenging economic times both domestically and internationally. He highlighted his long-term residency in the district, stating that his thorough understanding of Papanui and its community, coupled with the support he receives from a diverse cross-section of residents, reflects a solid trust in his capabilities, irrespective of their political affiliations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751106_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751106.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,184417200
4685,11,11,1975,"An Advertising Phantasmagoria (Press, 11 November 1975)","In a recent screening held in Christchurch, a South African company showcased a commercial titled ""Big Fresh John,"" which addresses the needs of the character Big John from popular culture, known for his imposing physique. This screening marked the New Zealand premiere of the advertisement, which was previously awarded at the twenty-second International Advertising Film Festival in Venice in June 1975. Following this premiere, audiences in Dunedin, Wellington, and Auckland will have the opportunity to view the film. The review notes that the advertising industry is highly perceptive regarding cleanliness, particularly in restroom-related advertisements. Despite the impressive technical craftsmanship of ""Big Fresh John,"" it received only a Bronze Lion award, which perplexed the reviewers compared to other less impactful advertisements that gained higher accolades. Among these were humorous commercials featuring an English toilet cleaner and an American advertisement that downplayed the need for essential restroom items. British advertisements dominated the awards, illustrating the peculiar consumption habits of the average Briton, who indulges in various beverages and snacks throughout the day, only to find himself overwhelmed by a multitude of products, from kitchen supplies to cosmetics. The reviewer suggests that the British approach to advertising often leads to excessive consumption rather than practicality. In contrast, Australia’s advertising priorities are highlighted as being more sensible, with a focus on promoting beneficial products, such as suntan preparations. The depiction of Australian women valuing simplicity is seen as emblematic of their successful advertising. The article reflects on New Zealand's comparative advertising shortcomings, noting the absence of high-quality facilities and a lack of investment in public safety and health education. Despite this, a New Zealand advertisement recently won an award at the festival, representing a significant achievement in the local film production scene. The ad featured actor Ian Mune and played on his speech impediment to creatively share his desire for Bragatto, which signals a potential avenue for local advertising development. Although the competitive landscape is challenging, especially with overseas advertisements utilizing sex appeal effectively, the review posits that New Zealand is finding its footing. It concludes with a light-hearted observation that advertising promoting alcoholic beverages seems to resonate well, advocating that a society that indulges in liquor is likely to be a happy one, underpinned by effective advertising to reinforce that happiness. Howard McNaughton penned this insightful commentary, providing a humorous yet critical look into the world of advertising.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751111_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751111.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,184849200
4686,13,11,1975,"Many New Voters (Press, 13 November 1975)","On 13 November 1975, a news report discussed the shifting political landscape in the region north of Wellington, particularly highlighting the potential for significant electoral changes due to population growth in housing and industry. This growth is expected to generate a number of new voters, possibly more than any other region in New Zealand. Specifically, Porirua would require a swing of 4,500 votes to favour the National Party, while the Kapiti electorate, which includes affluent and rapidly developing suburbs, appears to be more unpredictable. The Kapiti seat, formerly part of the Otaki constituency, was represented by Labour's Mr. F. D. O’Flynn in 1972, who won with a narrow majority of only 706 votes. Nine towns in this coastal strip are experiencing rapid population growth, with the suburbs of Paremata, Plimmerton, Waikanae, and Pukerua Bay likely to increase their support for the National Party. Waikanae, in particular, is noted for its expensive holiday homes. Conversely, the growth of Waitangirua, located in the northern part of Porirua city, is expected to bolster Labour's stronghold, which saw it receive 1,231 votes compared to just 162 for National in the last election. The key to the upcoming elections lies with two fast-growing settlements, Paraparaumu and Raumati, which had previously voted narrowly for National. These suburbs are drawing in both new industries and residents, including retirees and commuters from Wellington. The performance of candidates in tapping into the uncommitted voter demographic will therefore be crucial. Mr. O'Flynn, a 56-year-old Queen’s Counsel, is contesting the seat again for Labour, while National is once again fielding Mr. B. E. Brill, a 35-year-old solicitor. Local issues are paramount, with residents concerned about rates, sewerage systems, and access to Wellington. Mr. O'Flynn gained favour for extending the commuter rail service from Paekakariki to Paraparaumu, as well as improvements to the highway connecting the suburbs. However, opposition concerning highway realignment and local sewage issues could hinder his campaign. A contentious debate is also ongoing regarding the future of Paraparaumu Airport. In Porirua, Labour's Dr. G. A. Wall, who won with a significant 4,399 vote majority in 1972, also faces potential losses due to a more competitive environment. The same National candidate, Mr. R. A. Doughty, is again running, but the rise of the Values Party candidate, Mrs. H. Smith, poses a significant threat. Mrs. Smith, now a respected Porirua city councillor, has gained strong recognition and support, particularly surrounding issues like abortion and homosexual law reform, which may appeal to disillusioned Labour voters. Despite these dynamics and discussions, Dr. Wall's large majority suggests he remains a favourite to retain his seat, bolstered by a strong base of conservative Labour supporters. The report underscores the significance of local issues and the evolving electoral sentiment that could result in notable shifts in voter behaviour in the forthcoming elections.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751113_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751113.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,185022000
4687,13,11,1975,"The General Election (Press, 13 November 1975)","The letters published on 13 November 1975 reflect diverse opinions on contemporary social and political issues, primarily surrounding the Labour government's welfare policies and the national political landscape. One correspondent, M. N. MacDonald, expressed disappointment about the newly announced motherhood allowance by Mr Rowling, arguing that increased taxes would burden single taxpayers like himself, hindering personal savings and home ownership. Another letter highlighted Jonathan Swift's perspectives on political deceit, drawing parallels with modern welfare proposals. Terence G. Cutler critiqued the political climate, suggesting that each party’s condemnation of one another's schemes only added to the confusion surrounding social welfare. M. E. Ritchie made a bold suggestion to alleviate the shortage of secondary teachers by lowering the school leaving age to 14 for those who pass certain examinations, arguing that many students would benefit more from entering the workforce or apprenticeships earlier. Penny Fenwick raised questions about the National Party’s manifesto, particularly regarding their proposal for free contraception, seeking clarification on the specific social and medical grounds that would warrant it. D. T. Archbold commented on the Labour Party’s optimistic manifesto, cautioning voters to be wary of their past unfulfilled promises, particularly in tackling inflation and supporting the agricultural sector, while N. Beck praised Rowling's government for attempting to maintain employment levels amidst a challenging economic backdrop. D. E. Chaston was sceptical of the Labour Party's new financial incentives for parenthood, arguing that this could exacerbate issues of overpopulation and suggesting that such policies ultimately disincentivise work and productivity. In contrast, another letter commended the government's focus on keeping people in work rather than resorting to welfare. Concerns about democratic integrity and manners were voiced by Helen Trew, who felt that the conduct at a National Party campaign event was unbecoming and detrimental to democracy. A. A. Leonard shared historical insights about the farming community's financial challenges, asserting that some issues predated Labour governance. Judith Nicholls questioned the concept of democracy in relation to the Women’s Electoral Lobby’s actions, while R. A. Smitham cynically remarked on election bribes, advocating for less frequent elections to temper disillusionment. M. Fields called for Members of Parliament to reside in their electorates, while P. R. H. Maling argued for the repeal of outdated anti-homosexual laws, criticising members of both main parties for their reluctance to embrace necessary changes that reflect evolving societal values. Overall, these letters encapsulate a vibrant public discourse reflecting the concerns, hopes, and criticisms of citizens grappling with the complexities of governance, welfare, education, and social justice in New Zealand during a politically charged era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751113_2_114_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751113.2.114.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,185022000
6871,20,11,1975,"The Off-beat Profession (Press, 20 November 1975)","On 19 November 1975, Paris hosted its first “national congress” for prostitutes, drawing between 1500 and 2000 participants, including notable figures such as a churchman, a family planning leader, and sociologists. The event took place at the Mutualite, a historic venue known for political gatherings, and was marked by a pronounced scent of perfume. The conference was symbolically titled with a banner reading, “Prostitutes yes, whores no.” Ulla, a well-known figure from Lyons, who gained prominence from a previous sit-in protest at the Church of St Nizier, presided over the proceedings. She was joined on stage by the Rev. Louis Blanc, the vicar of St Nizier's Church, and Mrs Simone Iff, the president of the French Family Planning Association. The atmosphere of the meeting was described as rowdy, predominantly featuring women, alongside some elegantly dressed transvestites. As the chairman, Ulla displayed her authority, overseeing a crowd eager to express their views. Many women voiced their frustrations regarding the ""pimping State,"" accusing it of taxing them heavily, imposing significant fines, and subjecting them to police violence. The congress marked a significant moment for the participants, providing a platform for them to articulate their grievances and demand recognition and rights within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751120_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751120.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,185626800
4688,25,11,1975,"Vote National—‘tablet’ (Press, 25 November 1975)","The Roman Catholic newspaper ""The Tablet"" has announced its endorsement of the National Party ahead of the upcoming election, a shift from its support for Labour in the 1972 General Election. In an editorial published on 24 November 1975, the publication argues that voters should take seriously the pro-life issues highlighted by bishops and other sources when making their choices. The editorial emphasises the importance of the pro-life stance within Parliament and asserts that, once the individuals with pro-abortion views are eliminated from both political parties, the National Party will emerge as the more trustworthy option. ""The Tablet"" criticises Labour for its shift to the left, especially following the death of former Prime Minister Norman Kirk, suggesting that the party is now largely controlled by a small group with liberal views. The editorial points to abortion as a significant example, noting that over 2,000 babies have been aborted in Auckland with government approval since May 1974. It criticises Prime Minister Bill Rowling for his inaction on the issue and for justifying financial payments to abortion clinics that are substantially higher than those provided to hospitals that support life. The publication expresses concern that Mr Muldoon's firm opposition to abortion does not go far enough, calling for a commitment to closing clinics rather than merely opposing the practice. Additionally, ""The Tablet"" refrains from addressing economic issues directly, suggesting that problems such as inflation are moral issues stemming from selfishness and greed. On broader social issues, the editorial warns against Labour's alignment with Australian Labour policies, which it claims have eroded the institution of marriage. It raises alarms about potential legalisations in Australia that include homosexual marriage and incest, querying whether New Zealand could take a similar permissive path. Overall, ""The Tablet” firmly positions the National Party as a preferable choice for voters who prioritise pro-life and family values, while voicing serious concerns about the direction of the Labour Party and its implications for New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751125_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751125.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,186058800
7769,26,11,1975,"Huge Increase In Number Of Women Candidates (Press, 26 November 1975)","In the lead-up to the General Election on 29 November 1975, a significant increase in the number of women candidates is noteworthy, with 47 women standing for election, more than double the 21 candidates from the previous election in 1972. The Values Party has the largest representation, fielding 23 women, supported by a strong emphasis on women’s issues. The Social Credit Political League has increased its female candidates from seven to 13, while the Labour Party maintains its six candidates and the National Party has five, up from four in 1972. The boost in candidates can be attributed to the heightened political awareness spurred by International Women’s Year and the ongoing growth of the women's movement, which has advocated for increased female participation in government for over a decade. Current Labour Party women MPs have consistently highlighted the necessity for more women in Parliament, indicating a changing political landscape. Candidates range in experience and background, with many being married, having careers, or part-time jobs alongside running for office. Among them are university graduates, teachers, nurses, welfare workers, and business professionals, many of whom are active in community service and local governance. The youngest candidate is 21-year-old Judy Charlton, while 59-year-old Pat Hamid is the oldest, reflecting a diverse age range. Labour’s standing women candidates include sitting MPs like T. W. M. Tirikatene-Sullivan, the lone female Cabinet Minister in Government, alongside Mary Batchelor and Dorothy Jelicich, who have previously served on women’s rights committees. The Labour Party saw a significant increase in candidates, with 21 women seeking selection compared to 12 in 1972, resulting in six successful nominations. National Party candidates include two women from Christchurch, Prudence Rothenberg and Colleen Dewe, along with Marilyn Waring, Lois Morris, and Juliann Cameron, demonstrating the party's commitment to increasing female representation. Social Credit's thirteen candidates include various South Island representatives, while the Values Party features a diverse array of professionals and community figures stepping forward. The election outcomes will be closely watched to assess how these newly nominated women fare and whether they can increase the representation of women in New Zealand's Parliament. With this election exhibiting a clear trend towards greater inclusion and the empowerment of women, expectations will be set high for the future composition of government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751126_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751126.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,186145200
4689,28,11,1975,"A Day With The Electors... “leadership” Is The... (Press, 28 November 1975)","The emphasis on leadership has emerged as a central theme in New Zealand's General Election campaign, but it may not be the decisive factor for many electors. A team from ""The Press"" interviewed 75 electors from Christchurch, revealing a varied set of priorities among voters, regardless of their party loyalty. While the leadership question led to passionate discussions and was the most prominent topic of interest, numerous voters expressed discontent over the focus on personality conflicts and media antics rather than substantive policy discussions. Many veterans of the electoral process were frustrated with what they perceived to be excessive ""bickering"" and ""mudslinging"" between party leaders. Of the individuals surveyed, only half of the uncommitted voters decided on their choice during the campaign, with a few making up their minds just prior to the election. The research indicated a divide between committed voters—who tended to engage more deeply with campaign materials such as pamphlets, radio broadcasts, and party advertisements—and uncommitted or new voters, who often did not. The traditional campaign method of flooding mailboxes with pamphlets seemed effective, as more than half of the entrenched voters reported having read the materials provided by multiple parties. Television also played a role in shaping opinions. Most committed voters stated that televised debates and programmes did not change their views, although a significant portion of uncommitted voters indicated that these broadcasts reinforced their existing beliefs. Interestingly, not many voters had seen an election manifesto, leading to a reliance on newspapers and discussions for understanding party policies. In terms of the voting decision process, committed voters generally found their choices straightforward, whereas confusion clouded the policy understanding for many, especially regarding pensions and superannuation. Various issues influenced the voters’ decisions, reflecting a spectrum of concerns—from economic stability and health policies to traditional family voting behaviours and candidate characteristics, including views on social issues such as abortion and homosexual law reform. Ultimately, while leadership debates captured substantial public conversation, the motivations behind the voting decisions were diverse and influenced by a broad array of topics. Electors, especially those who were uncommitted, exhibited a nuanced understanding of various issues, demonstrating that while leadership might be an interesting discussion point, it was not the only factor driving electoral choices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751128_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751128.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,186318000
4026,29,11,1975,"Kiwi Homo Politicus And His System (Press, 29 November 1975)","Published on 29 November 1975, a review of ""New Zealand Politics. A Reader,"" edited by Stephen Levine, highlights its significance in examining New Zealand's political landscape through a diverse range of perspectives. The volume, which spans 519 pages and is priced at NZ$13.40, features contributions from 50 individuals, including noted politicians like Sir John Marshall and Norman Kirk, as well as activists and academics. Levine's approach emphasizes the importance of multi-faceted examination of the political system, considering viewpoints from both inside and outside the political framework. Contributors also include representatives from various movements and groups, such as the Polynesian Panthers and Gay Liberation, revealing a blend of subjective and factual narratives. However, the varied quality of the chapters is noted, with some political activists delivering more subjective opinions than empirical analysis. The text serves multiple purposes: it can cater to specialists seeking detailed information, such as Nigel Roberts’ insights into electoral behaviour, or provide general readers with foundational understanding, such as W. Rosenberg's insights on foreign investment in New Zealand. Contributions from figures like Dave Shand and Ken Comber offer perspectives on the electoral campaigns of 1972, though contrasting narratives highlight an electoral battle where Comber was ultimately behind Shand. Despite some chapters appearing less relevant, the assemblage generally constitutes a valuable resource for understanding New Zealand politics, drawing on a wealth of personal experiences, policies, and insights. The book is described as not necessarily meant to be read in its entirety, as a reader might encounter contradictions and inconsistencies when engaging with the various pieces collectively. The objective of the compilation is to stimulate discussion, particularly in an educational context. The reviewer suggests that should a second edition be considered, a more stringent editorial approach by Levine could enhance its utility by distinguishing higher quality contributions from less enriching ones, thereby allowing students and readers to focus on the most relevant and insightful content without wading through unnecessary material. Overall, ""New Zealand Politics. A Reader"" is seen as an important addition to the discourse surrounding New Zealand's unique political environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751129_2_75_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751129.2.75.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,186404400
4690,13,12,1975,"New Ministers (Press, 13 December 1975)","On 13 December 1975, a significant reshuffling of the New Zealand government was announced, resulting in the appointment of several new Cabinet members, seven of whom are assumed to hold Ministerial rank for the first time. Among those appointed is Mr T. F. Gill from East Coast Bays, who has taken on the role of Minister of Health and Immigration at the age of 55. A Member of Parliament since 1969, Gill previously served as the Opposition spokesman for health and social welfare. He has a military background, having served with the Royal Air Force during World War II and the post-war period, and has also been a member of the New Zealand Air Board; he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and the Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his services. Mr C. C. A. McLachlan, aged 50 and representing Rakaia, was elected in 1966. Prior to his Cabinet appointment, he was the Opposition spokesperson on transport and had a background in farming. He is now in charge of multiple portfolios including Transport, Civil Aviation, Railways, and the Meteorological Service. Another newcomer with Ministerial rank is Mr W. L. Young (Miramar), who, at 61, has been appointed as Minister of Works and Development. He gained his parliamentary seat in 1966 by defeating Labour's W. A. Fox and served as the Opposition spokesman on works. The youngest member of this new Cabinet is Mr P. I. Wilkinson, the new Attorney-General for the Rodney district, who is just 40 years old. Elected in 1969, he has an impressive educational background that includes studying and working across Europe, obtaining a B.A. with honours from Durham University, and a law degree from the University of Auckland. Mr V. S. Young (Egmont), aged 46, takes the role of Minister of Lands, Forests, and the Environment. He entered Parliament in 1966 and has previously served as the Opposition spokesman for Māori affairs and environmental issues. Notably, he sponsored a bill last year aimed at legalising homosexual acts between consenting male adults, although it was unsuccessful. Mr H. R. Lapwood, now Minister of Tourism and Publicity, has been in politics since winning the Rotorua seat in 1960. Although he served as the Opposition spokesman on tourism last year, this is his first time in Cabinet. Finally, Mr H. C. Templeton from Karori, aged 46, was selected for the role of Minister of Broadcasting and Postmaster-General. He has had a career in diplomacy, entered Parliament in 1969, and returned to hold a position in government after an unsuccessful bid in 1972. The Cabinet also includes three Under-Secretaries: Mr K. R. Allen from Tauranga (43), Mr J. B. Bolger from King Country (40), and Mr K. M. Comber from Wellington Central (36), all of whom began their parliamentary careers in 1972, with respective roles focusing on municipalities, meat and wool, and sport and recreation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751213_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751213.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,187614000
4691,16,12,1975,"'Hoover Obsessed9 (Press, 16 December 1975)","According to a report by ""Time"" magazine set for its December 22 issue, J. Edgar Hoover, the former head of the FBI, had an intense preoccupation with illicit sexual behaviour, particularly concerning public figures. The article details an incident where Hoover expressed strong criticism of a student from Kent State University, who was one of the victims in the infamous National Guard shooting. During a Justice Department meeting aimed at addressing the killings, Hoover branded the woman as promiscuous. One participant recalled that after Hoover's lengthy tirade, the attendees felt embarrassed and left the room silently. The magazine further reveals that Hoover was particularly upset by reports of sexual liaisons involving Dr Martin Luther King Jr with white women. In addition, it is alleged that Hoover attempted to exert influence over a Congressman by using information regarding his homosexuality to encourage him to support the FBI’s initiatives. Despite persistent rumours about Hoover's own sexuality, suggesting he may have been homosexual, the magazine argues that he seemed to be fundamentally asexual and wholly consumed by his work at the FBI. This is contrasted with the presence of nude artworks in his home, including a famous photograph of Marilyn Monroe, which raises questions about the dichotomy between his personal interests and public persona. The report also touches on an attempt by President Nixon to remove Hoover from his position by appointing him as a special consultant on crime. However, Hoover reportedly received advance notice of this plan and monopolised a breakfast meeting with Nixon, which deterred the President from following through with the appointment. A former aide to Nixon commented that the President ultimately backed down from the proposal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751216_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751216.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,187873200
4692,22,12,1975,"Opportunity Taken (Press, 22 December 1975)","George Crothers, a prisoner serving time for theft in Sydney, claimed that he could overcome his prison-acquired homosexual tendencies with just a few hours spent in a motel room with his girlfriend. In response to his request, prison officials consulted a psychiatrist, who agreed that allowing Crothers this time with his girlfriend could potentially aid in his rehabilitation. As a result, the prison arranged for a motel room, scheduled an appointment with the girlfriend, and escorted Crothers to the location, promising to return in two hours. However, after leaving Crothers at the motel, prison officials did not see him again.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751222_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751222.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,188391600
4693,26,12,1975,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 26 December 1975)","On 26 December 1975, various unusual events were reported from Christchurch and beyond. A significant mix-up occurred in the Christchurch Magistrate's Court when an unidentified defendant inadvertently appeared before the wrong magistrate and answered to the name of another individual. This ""mystery"" defendant managed to have a case remanded to January 20 before the error was identified. The true defendant, who had been waiting in the same court, was brought in shortly after the mix-up was realised. The genuine defendant's identity was only confirmed later when his case was called in another courtroom, but the ""mystery"" defendant had already left by then, leading to the decision to let the remand date remain. In another story, an American alpine guide at Fox Glacier showcased tourists' gullibility. He once convinced a woman that a piece of quartz was ""petrified ice"" which would not melt, and another tourist was given a piece of quartz to suck on when he was thirsty. Moreover, the guide's creativity was rivalled by that of a New Zealand colleague who pretended that a stuffed opossum skin found frozen in a glacier was a preserved ancient animal, astonishing the next day’s tourists. A woman subscriber to ""The Press"" raised concerns regarding the newspaper’s practice of publishing the ages of accident victims, arguing that a woman’s age should remain a private matter. The reporter explained that age serves to identify individuals involved in accidents more accurately. However, the woman resolved to avoid carrying her driving licence to prevent revealing her age should an accident occur. In Italy, courts have taken a stand against the defamation of a deceased individual’s memory, leading to a Jesuit priest being sentenced to four months in jail for defacing posters in remembrance of filmmaker Pier Paolo Pasolini, whose last film was banned. Pasolini, recently murdered, had created a controversial film titled “The 120 Days of Sodom.” Reflecting on the aftermath of Cyclone Tracy, which devastated Darwin last Christmas, reports indicate that the city, now home to 37,000 residents, is thriving again, although housing remains tight. Newly designed ""cyclone-proof"" houses are in development, yet public servants seeking accommodation have faced offers of cramped caravan living situations shared with others. Lastly, a light-hearted note about Christmas gift costs mentioned that gold remained the most expensive festive gift this year at approximately NZ$137 an ounce, with frankincense and myrrh selling for NZ$5.50 and NZ$7.70 per pound, respectively. The report also highlighted a quirky American invention—a branding iron for toasting bread that imprints a “Good morning” message, catering to those wanting to add a humorous touch to breakfast during the holiday season.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19751226_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19751226.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,188737200
4694,10,01,1976,"'A Wink For Those In High Places’ (Press, 10 January 1976)","In a piece published on 10 January 1976, journalist Tim Weigel of the ""Chicago Daily News"" critiques the media's treatment of former President John F. Kennedy's alleged extramarital affairs. The article highlights how major publications like ""Time"" and ""Newsweek"" are indulging in sensationalist reporting about Kennedy's romantic liaisons, suggesting he was involved with various women, including stenographers, stewardesses, and even Hollywood figures. Weigel expresses concern over the public's indifference to these revelations compared to the outrage generated by a recent series on homosexuality in sports. He notes that while Kennedy's indiscretions seem to attract less public backlash, the discussion surrounding homosexuality among athletes has resulted in numerous complaints and societal discomfort. Weigel articulates his discomfort with the lack of journalistic integrity in covering Kennedy's personal life, arguing that such investigations seem more focused on boosting sales than providing meaningful insight. The piece further explores the historical context of male promiscuity in American politics, referencing Grover Cleveland's admission of fathering a child out of wedlock and contrasting this with the repercussions faced by athletes who reveal their sexual orientation, such as Dave Kopay. Weigel suggests there is a societal double standard regarding the treatment of male athletes versus politicians, noting that the public is more accepting of misconduct by powerful males in positions of authority. He acknowledges that the sensitivity around the topic of homosexuality in sports is indicative of broader societal attitudes. Many people struggle to reconcile their admiration for athletes with the possibility of them having non-traditional sexual identities, reflecting an ingrained resistance to confronting such issues. Weigel points out that the sports world, historically replete with sexual bravado, now finds itself under scrutiny. The article also mentions the marketing strategies used by sports stars to cultivate their public personas, using names like Joe Namath and Muhammad Ali as examples of athletes who leveraged their sex appeal for commercial gain. Weigel argues against exploiting personal lives for sales purposes, lamenting a cultural shift that has led to a breakdown in privacy, especially concerning intimate matters. He concludes with a quote from Professor Arthur Mann of the University of Chicago, who laments the loss of privacy and the public's increasing discomfort with the once-private nature of sex. Overall, Weigel disapproves of the media's focus on scandal as a means of selling stories, questioning the morality of prying into the personal lives of any individual, regardless of their public status.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760110_2_145.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760110.2.145,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190033200
7422,10,01,1976,"Sheikh Of Araby Rudolph Valentino Coming Back To... (Press, 10 January 1976)","Rudolph Valentino, the iconic silent film star known as the ""Sheikh of Araby,"" is experiencing a revival in Hollywood, coinciding with the 50th anniversary of his death in 1926 at the age of 31. The resurgence of interest follows the successful release of nostalgic films like ""That’s Entertainment,"" prompting filmmakers to explore Valentino's life with a range of projects. Among them, British director Ken Russell is set to lead a wide-screen production for United Artists, starring ballet dancer Rudolf Nureyev. Paramount is also working on a biopic, while an Italian-American project titled “The Story of Valentino” is preparing to start filming in Rome. Additionally, Elvis Presley has been offered a substantial sum to star in an Americanised version of the Italian musical “Ciao, Rudy.” Ken Russell's vision is expected to present a different take on Valentino's life, including a more in-depth exploration of his complicated sex life and rumours of his homosexuality. This approach might provoke mixed feelings among Valentino's dedicated fans, who have gathered annually every 23 August to commemorate his legacy at a Hollywood mausoleum since shortly after his passing. Born in 1895 in Castellaneta, Italy, Valentino began his career modestly after being sent to the United States at age 19. He initially struggled financially before entering show business by working as a ""professional host"" at New York tea dances. His breakthrough came with the film “The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse,” where he epitomised a new type of male lead—exotic, alluring, and distinctly different from the all-American hero archetype. His arrival marked a significant shift in on-screen masculinity and representation of foreign characters. Despite his meteoric rise, Valentino’s life was marred by personal struggles and scrutiny regarding his sexuality. His tumultuous relationships, particularly with his wives, raise questions about his emotional life, including accusations of effeminacy and the stress that ultimately led to his decline in health. Critics of a recent two-hour television film about Valentino expressed disappointment at its superficial examination of his life and legacy, lacking insight into the deeper complexities of his character. As Valentino's narrative is revisited in light of modern sensibilities and storytelling techniques, it raises the possibility that Kenneth Russell's film could provide a fresh perspective on both the man and the myth—exploring the intriguing duality that made Valentino a captivating figure for multiple generations. The energy surrounding this coming cinematic revival highlights Valentino’s enduring appeal and the curiosity that continues to surround his life and untimely death, which, perhaps, only solidifies his status as a symbol of romantic allure and rebellion against societal norms of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760110_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760110.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190033200
6591,10,01,1976,"The Bard Makes List Of Bawds (Press, 10 January 1976)","On 10 January 1976, Marsha Dubrow reported on a provocative new publication titled ""The Whole Sex Catalogie."" This directory serves as a comprehensive guide to various aspects of sexual expression, including bizarre recipes for adult-themed dishes, rules for sex advertisements, and a detailed chart outlining punishments for sexual offences. The book offers a literary dimension with recommendations for reading that features William Shakespeare, select works by the Marquis de Sade, Émile Zola’s novel ""Nana,"" and stories by the 19th-century author William Dugdale, which are promoted for their unique erotic narratives. The editor, Berthardt Hunwood, asserts that the Vatican possesses the finest collection of erotic literature globally. The catalogue contains a playful glossary defining terms related to sex, illustrating passion as a sophisticated term for lust and characterising abstinence whimsically as ""watching television."" A particularly eye-catching chapter discusses experiences related to placing humorous and absurd sex-related personal advertisements, highlighting the repercussions faced by one advertiser who sought ""an uninhibited woman or nylon fetishist lesbian dwarf truck-driving necrophiliac,"" which garnered both threatening letters and one response from the American Bible Society. Various sexual fetishes are listed within the catalogue, including a controversial slogan from a Californian society promoting sexual activity at an early age. This exploration of alternative lifestyles extends to a county-wide guide detailing venues for swingers, masked as innocuous activities such as botany talks in New York and chess reunions in Washington. Additionally, the text informs readers about destinations for ""lusty Europe,"" pinpointing locations for nudist ski slopes and various marriage bureaus. A hot-line is also provided, allowing callers to connect with others in their area interested in similar pursuits. To engage readers further, there is a quiz designed to help them assess their desire to depart from traditional sexual norms. Hunwood's editorial note poignantly reflects on the substantial financial cost incurred by the United States Government in prosecuting the obscenity case surrounding the film ""Deep Throat,"" which amounted to $250,000. Ultimately, the case ended unfavourably for the government, which could have only imposed a maximum fine of $500 had they won the case. ""The Whole Sex Catalogie"" emerges as a bold, humorous, and at times outrageous compilation that explores, critiques, and embraces the complexities of sexual expression in an era marked by shifting cultural norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760110_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760110.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190033200
4695,15,01,1976,"California Lawmakers Are Busy Again (Press, 15 January 1976)","In early 1976, California has seen a significant wave of social legislation as its lawmakers convene for another session. The state legislators are expected to produce a series of new laws, aiming to expand on the existing legal framework that has accumulated since California became a state in 1850. This influx of legislation includes 1,285 laws that became effective at the start of the year, many reflecting recent shifts in public attitudes and reinforcing civil rights. One noteworthy piece of legislation designates the California gray whale as the state marine mammal, joining other official state symbols. A major change involves the decriminalisation of small amounts of marijuana; possession of up to an ounce is now classified as a misdemeanor, punishable by a maximum fine of $100, while more significant quantities still carry serious penalties. Additionally, acts previously considered sexual perversion are no longer illegal if performed privately between consenting adults, regardless of sexual orientation. Other changes enhance the rights of individuals, including allowing arrested persons to make two phone calls from jail instead of one, the establishment of smoking areas for high school students, and mandatory equal opportunities for girls in school sports. Doctors are now permitted to prescribe contraceptives to teenagers without parental consent, and illegitimate children are granted the same legal standing as their legitimate counterparts. Furthermore, schools must obtain parental permission before inflicting corporal punishment. While many of the new laws are progressive, some are stricter, including mandatory prison sentences for the use of firearms in major crimes and for selling half an ounce or more of heroin. As California grapples with its substantial annual budget of approximately NZD 11,000 million, which would place it as the tenth largest economy globally if it were a nation, the state government faces ongoing financial challenges. Governor Jerry Brown, a Democrat, leads a legislature where both Democratic and Republican factions are prone to internal disputes over various issues. Notably, Governor Brown has displayed a willingness to veto legislation even from his party's majority, suggesting a potentially tumultuous year ahead in the legislative sessions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760115_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760115.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190465200
4027,16,01,1976,"Lords Debate Morals (Press, 16 January 1976)","On 15 January 1976, the House of Lords in London engaged in an extensive seven-hour debate on sex education, which expanded into discussions on family values, chastity, fidelity, and the influence of international socialism. The session revealed a deep divide in opinions, particularly regarding the role of the Family Planning Association (FPA), which faced considerable criticism. Lord Beaumont of Whitley, a former Anglican clergyman, expressed concern about society’s relationship with love, stating that society suffers not from excessive sexual activity but from a lack of genuine love. In contrast, Lord Clifford of Chudleigh made strong allegations against the influence of international socialist ideology, claiming that literature such as the ""Little Red Book"" promotes behaviours like masturbation and undermines the family structure, ultimately aiming to destabilise societal norms. He accused the FPA of endorsing homosexual education among youth, claiming this could lead to the decline of traditional values. Baroness Elies opened with pointed critiques of the FPA, particularly its promotion of brand-name contraceptives without adequate warnings regarding their failure rates, which she suggested could be as high as 40 per cent. She argued for similar labelling as is seen on cigarette packages to inform users of potential risks associated with contraceptives. Additionally, she lamented that medical contraceptives should not be distributed without a family doctor’s knowledge, a claim disputed by government health representatives. In a maiden speech, the Bishop of Norwich, Rt Rev. Maurice Mood, emphasised the necessity of establishing sexual morality standards to guide younger generations. Earl Ferrers also voiced disapproval of the FPA’s promotional tactics, labelling them as vulgar and trivialising serious issues. However, Baroness Gaitskell defended the organisation, asserting that, despite occasional poor propaganda, the FPA had significantly improved the lives of many women in Britain, making them happier and easier. The debate highlighted the clash of values surrounding sex education and family planning, ultimately reflecting broader societal anxieties regarding morality, youth education, and the changing attitudes towards sexuality in the 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760116_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760116.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190551600
4696,16,01,1976,"Rome Reasserts Sex Dogma (Press, 16 January 1976)","On 15 January 1976, the Vatican reaffirmed the Roman Catholic Church's strong opposition to sexual activity outside marriage, while addressing the complex issue of homosexuality. A comprehensive document issued by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, at the directive of Pope Paul VI, provided a detailed critique of contemporary attitudes towards sex, labelling masturbation as a seriously disordered act and calling for careful and prudent sex education for young people. The document expressed concern over the influence of mass media and entertainment in promoting what it described as licentious hedonism and acknowledged a growing departure from traditional sexual ethics among Catholics, particularly in Europe and North America. The statement specifically addressed homosexuals, introducing a nuanced perspective not previously seen in Vatican communications. It distinguished between various groups of homosexuals: some whose tendencies may be attributed to miseducation or lack of normal sexual development, and a second group whose homosexuality is deemed innate and thereby ""incurable."" The document urged that these latter individuals should be treated with compassion and understanding, with their culpability assessed carefully. In its doctrine, the Vatican reiterated the belief that sex outside marriage is invariably sinful and affirmed the Church's long-held position that the sexual function holds true meaning and morality only within the confines of marriage. Additionally, the document dismissed arguments advocating for the moral acceptability of premarital sex, which some believe could be justified as a reflection of a conjugal relationship in the psychology of individuals involved. The Church's reaffirmation of its sexual ethics comes against a backdrop where several theologians have faced censure for challenging established doctrines. The institution's disapproval was particularly directed at Father Stephan Pfuertner, a Swiss Dominican theologian who had previously lost his academic position over his views on sexual pleasure as a fundamental human right, advocating for its enjoyment aligned with personal conscience rather than stringent moral codes. Overall, this Vatican declaration reflects an urgent response to perceived moral crises, further solidifying the Church's traditional stance against sexual liberalisation while calling attention to the need for a more compassionate approach towards those identifying as homosexual.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760116_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760116.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190551600
4697,19,01,1976,"Group Rejects Vatican Sex Declaration (Press, 19 January 1976)","A group of Roman Catholics gathered in London for a conference on homosexuality and Catholicism has openly rejected a recent Vatican declaration regarding sexual ethics. Organised by the Catholic Renewal Movement, the conference featured strong critiques of the Vatican's stance. The Rev. John Ashton, a Jesuit theologian, was particularly vocal in his assessment, arguing that the declaration would only result in harm and would likely alienate three specific groups: disenchanted Catholics, those who had reconciled with their homosexuality, and liberal-minded priests unwilling to challenge the document. He stated, ""I cannot see that any good can come out of it at all."" The Rev. Giles Hibbert from Oxford echoed this sentiment, encouraging Catholics to consider that love should define their relationships, suggesting that love itself legitimises their actions. Alan Clarke, secretary of the Campaign for Homosexual Equality and a Roman Catholic, aimed to bridge a divide between the Church’s high authorities and grassroots supporters by advocating for the acceptance of homosexuals as individuals rather than ""intrinsically disordered creatures."" Criticism of the Vatican's declaration extended beyond the UK. In the United States, the Rev. Charles Larsen, a homosexual priest and director of the Council on Religion and the Homosexual in San Francisco, expressed his displeasure with the Vatican's viewpoint, particularly the assertion that homosexuality is an ""incurable"" condition. He believed that many homosexuals were well-adjusted and that their sexuality could be seen as a divine gift. The Rev. John Barbone, representing the Metropolitan Community Church which has a significant homosexual congregation, noted that the declaration contained some truthful elements but fell short in its scope and understanding of the issues at hand. He argued that the document did not sufficiently explore the positive aspects of sexuality and failed to reconcile the Church's teachings with contemporary understanding. Most Rev. Edward Murray from St Paul’s Church in Cambridge, Massachusetts, indicated that the Vatican felt compelled to reaffirm its traditional stance in response to evolving societal norms. He acknowledged the beauty of sex when approached in a dignified manner, countering the Church’s rigid perspective. The conversations at the London conference reflect a growing tension within the Catholic Church over issues of sexuality, as some modern-day theologians and activists seek a more inclusive approach. The discussions signify a desire for a re-examination of the Church’s traditional views in light of contemporary societal changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760119_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760119.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190810800
4698,20,01,1976,"Homosexuality’s Sin ‘in Its Practice’ (Press, 20 January 1976)","On 19 January 1976, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland, the Most Rev. John Mackey, publicly addressed the topic of homosexuality within the clergy, in a response to comments made by the Rev. Felix Donnelly, a senior community health lecturer at the Auckland Medical School. Donnelly had stated that some Roman Catholic priests in New Zealand were practising homosexuals, which prompted the Bishop's remarks. Bishop Mackey clarified that while he does not perceive homosexual tendencies as sinful in themselves, he believes that practising homosexuality is indeed sinful. He emphasised the need for virtue among those experiencing homosexual problems and noted that the priesthood consists of a diverse group of individuals, all of whom encounter various personal challenges. He stated, “We are all sinners, and we all have problems with sex, honesty, patience, kindness and meekness.” Regarding Donnelly's statements, Mackey stated that he did not intend to discipline the priest, although he planned to have further discussions about the issue. He expressed a lack of knowledge about any priests practising homosexuality and indicated that no one had approached him for help on such matters during his episcopate. Donnelly maintained that his assessment of the situation reflects the reality that some priests engage in homosexual activities and believe they can justify their conduct. He cited instances of individuals seeking counselling who had experienced affairs with priests. He acknowledged that the majority of priests are not homosexuals, but suggested that the percentage of homosexual priests may be slightly higher than the estimated 5 per cent of the general population who are practising homosexuals. In his comments, Donnelly referenced a recent Vatican document on sexual ethics, which condemned homosexual acts and labelled masturbation as a seriously disordered act. He perceived the document's contents as outdated, suggesting that it could have been penned at the start of the twentieth century. The document notably criticises Roman Catholics who have begun to view homosexual relations with leniency and advocate for acceptance of such behaviours among the clergy and laity alike. Overall, the dialogue highlighted the tensions within the Church regarding homosexuality, the challenges of navigating personal identity versus doctrine, and the complexities of sexual ethics among clergy members during that period in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760120_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760120.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190897200
4028,21,01,1976,"Vatican ‘out Of Touch’ (Press, 21 January 1976)","On 21 January 1976, Mr P. R. H. Mating, the publicity officer for the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, voiced strong criticism of the Roman Catholic Church's views on homosexual acts, specifically targeting the stance of the Vatican and the Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland, Most Rev. John Mackey. Mr Mating argued that these views were disconnected from reality and described them as ""maleducation"" and ""entirely depraved,"" citing the opinions of psychiatrist Dr Wainwright Churchill, who wrote about homosexual behaviour among males. He expressed concern that, although the majority of New Zealanders are not Roman Catholics, the Church's influence—coupled with alignment from certain government members—has the potential to perpetuate or even intensify legal penalties against homosexuals. Mr Mating's remarks highlighted the ongoing struggle for recognition and rights within the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand, particularly in the context of socio-political challenges posed by established institutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760121_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760121.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,190983600
4029,07,02,1976,"Letters (Press, 7 February 1976)","In a letter published on 7 February 1976, Patricia M. Campbell expressed her frustration with the poor reception of TV2 in the north-west area, despite having excellent reception for TV1. She noted that since the launch of TV2, viewers in her segment have experienced subpar picture quality, which has left them perplexed and disappointed. Campbell questioned the effectiveness of the engineering team, as there had been no updates indicating improvements to the transmission issues. Her letter also hinted at a concern that the broadcasting engineers may have adopted a dismissive attitude towards the complaints from affected viewers. M. E. J. Atkins, the regional engineer for the Broadcasting Council of New Zealand, responded to Campbell's concerns. He acknowledged that while some work remained to be done on the TV2 aerial at Sugarloaf, viewers in the north-west part of the city should already be receiving satisfactory signals similar to those for TV1. Atkins suggested that Campbell should consider having her installation checked, indicating that the problem may lie with her equipment rather than the broadcasting service itself. He reassured her that there was no lack of concern from the Broadcasting Council, which was simply facing resource constraints that had limited their progress in improving the situation as quickly as they would have liked. Additionally, the publication featured a response from P. R. H. Maling, the Publicity Officer of the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, who addressed a previous letter by G. A. Vavasour regarding laws pertaining to homosexuality. Maling clarified what he deemed a historical misunderstanding in Vavasour's argument regarding these laws, stating that Roman Catholicism had a history of persecuting harmless homosexuals. He referenced biblical texts to assert that many laws that have been used to condemn homosexuality are outdated, indicating that Christ's teachings had abolished Levitical law. Maling argued that if the booklet titled ""Human Development and Relationships"" succeeds in helping youth understand and accept differing sexual orientations without fear, it would signify a significant moral achievement in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760207_2_115_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760207.2.115.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,192452400
4699,11,02,1976,"Guard 'models’ Discharged (Press, 11 February 1976)","On 11 February 1976, the British Army announced that it would discharge 18 soldiers and request the resignation of an officer following an inquiry related to allegations that these guardsmen posed for photographs in a homosexual magazine named ""Him."" The issue first came to light through a report published in the ""Daily Mirror."" The Under-Secretary of State for the Army, Mr Robert Brown, addressed Parliament regarding the situation. Opposition Conservative MP Mr Neville Trotter condemned the newspaper's claims, stating they brought shame upon Britain's prestigious soldiers and demanded a thorough investigation into the matter. The editor of ""Him,"" Mr Alan Purnell, expressed his disapproval of the Army's decision to discharge the soldiers, calling it a horrifying and overly dramatic response. He argued that several of the men featured in the publication were not actually soldiers and indicated that guardsmen had often modelled for homosexual magazines without significant consequences. Mr Purnell, who had experience in the sector, refuted concerns about the potential for exploitation or blackmail, suggesting that the real dangers lay elsewhere, such as in encounters with seductive individuals. He defended the practices of the magazine and remarked on the absurdity of the situation surrounding the guardsmen's modelling. Overall, the incident highlighted tensions between media representations of sexuality and military expectations during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760211_2_195.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760211.2.195,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,192798000
4700,12,02,1976,"The Labour Party (Press, 12 February 1976)","In a letter to the editor published on 12 February 1976, J. F. Garvey expressed concerns regarding the Labour Party's recent appointments of spokespeople and committee roles following the election. Garvey argued that the changes represent only a minor shake-up and do not reflect a significant shift in policies. He highlighted the surprising decision to retain Mrs Tirikatene-Sullivan as the policy spokesman on tourism, suggesting continuity rather than change. Additionally, Garvey noted the unexpected appointment of Dr Wall as spokesman on broadcasting, despite previous speculation that he could be named Minister of Health. Instead, health responsibilities were assigned to Mr Hunt, a former schoolteacher. Garvey voiced particular unease about Mr Marshall's appointment as spokesman on Education, indicating that his leftist views on issues such as homosexual law reform and abortion might cause concern among parents regarding Labour's direction in this key area.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760212_2_91_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760212.2.91.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,192884400
4701,14,02,1976,"Kidnap-charge Pair Sent For Trial (Press, 14 February 1976)","On 13 February 1976, in Blenheim, two 18-year-olds—a youth and a girl—were committed to the Supreme Court for trial after appearing in the Blenheim Magistrate's Court on serious charges including attempted murder, kidnapping, and theft. The allegations stem from an incident on 9 January, during which they are accused of assaulting a Christchurch woman, Miss Doreen Anne Sykes, blindfolding her, and then transporting her in the boot of her car from Kaikoura to Picton. Both defendants pleaded not guilty. Their defence counsel, Mr P.J.C. Mac Nab, contended that the duo had been incorrectly charged, arguing that the Crown's approach was disproportionate. He asserted that there had been no intent to kill Miss Sykes, suggesting that the appropriate charge should have been one of injuring with intent, as they had initially faced. Regarding the kidnapping claims, he argued that Miss Sykes had willingly accompanied the defendants to some degree. Justices of the Peace O. A. Webb and J. H. Perano remanded the defendants to appear in the Supreme Court in Blenheim on 23 February. Detective B.G. Mickell provided testimony revealing that he had spoken with the defendants. The male defendant, who had altered his appearance significantly—wearing a blouse, slacks, a long blonde wig, and heavy makeup—identified his “camp” name as ""Susan."" The female defendant indicated that she travelled from Auckland to Christchurch and frequented Wamers Hotel, a locale known for attracting people from the LGBTQ community. According to Detective Mickell, the male defendant stopped the car near Kaikoura and stated that this is where Miss Sykes was going to receive a severe beating. He allegedly struck her with a crowbar and later with a stone, while the female defendant admitted to also hitting Miss Sykes with the stone. The male defendant suggested they would dispose of Miss Sykes’ body by burying her in the sand if she died. The detective noted that there were credible claims about tensions between the male defendant and Miss Sykes, stating the male defendant was not pleased with how well Miss Sykes and the female defendant interacted. Miss Sykes later testified that she and the female defendant had been lovers. During the investigation, exhibits were collected at the scene near Kaikoura, which included a blood-stained rag, a blood-soaked piece of earth, a stone, and a blood-stained sleeping bag, all presented in court as evidence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760214_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760214.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,193057200
4702,16,02,1976,"Cabled Briefs (Press, 16 February 1976)","Fairport Convention, a pioneering British folk rock band, has reportedly disbanded. The musicians from the last lineup plan to form two new groups, while the lead singer, Sandy Denny, intends to work on a solo album in London. In other news, a tragic incident occurred in the northern Portuguese town of Miranda do Douro on 14 February 1976, where a 10-year-old boy was killed and eight others injured following four explosions that devastated a printing shop. The shop had recently seen an eviction of Leftist workers, and authorities are investigating the nature of the blasts to determine if they were caused by bombs. The Soviet Union has released the third and final part of a lunar atlas dedicated to the far side of the moon. This publication, produced by the Shternberg Astronomical Institute, is described as the first of its kind to provide a detailed account of the side of the moon not visible from Earth, featuring around 200 photographs captured by the last three unmanned lunar probes. In Detroit, a 27-year-old man named Carmen Leo has been awarded USD 200,000 by a jury following a rear-end car collision which he claims transformed his sexual orientation. Leo stated that while the physical injury sustained was to his back, the psychological impact of the accident resulted in significant changes to his personality and sexual identity, leading him to separate from his wife and change his social habits. Additionally, five young French tourists, including the children of a French diplomat, were killed last month in an ambush perpetrated by guerrillas of the Polisario independence movement in the Spanish Sahara, as reported by Algerian authorities. Furthermore, a gathering of weapons experts, jurists, and military specialists from over 40 countries has come together to advocate for a ban on booby-traps in warfare. The International Red Cross Committee is pushing for limitations or complete abolition of booby-traps among various weapons. In recognition of the concerns surrounding teenage pregnancy, the family-planning organisation Zero Population Growth has labelled Valentine’s Day as “Love Carefully Day”. This initiative aims to raise awareness regarding responsible family planning. Lastly, the United States conducted an underground nuclear test, with a yield estimated between 200,000 and 500,000 tons of TNT. The U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration confirmed the test occurred at a Nevada site, noting that there were no radiation leaks and that the shockwave was perceptible about 100 miles away in Las Vegas. This was the second nuclear test conducted that week and the fifth announced in the year to date.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760216_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760216.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,193230000
4703,28,02,1976,"Prison Term For Wounding Girl (Press, 28 February 1976)","On 27 February 1976, Peter John Martin, aged 18, was sentenced to three and a half years in prison after being found guilty of wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm. He had been previously acquitted of more serious charges, including kidnapping and attempted murder, alongside 19-year-old Rosalie Georgina Tito, who was sentenced to a period in a borstal for a lesser charge of assault with intent to injure. The incident occurred in early January 1976 during a journey between Christchurch and Picton, using a vehicle owned by the complainant, Doreen Anne Sykes. Following the incident, Martin and Tito were apprehended at the Picton ferry terminal after Sykes emerged from the boot of the car, visibly bruised and stained with blood. During the trial, evidence was presented regarding a complicated and unusual sexual relationship between the involved parties, with Martin admitting to his homosexuality. In his remarks during sentencing, Mr Justice Beattie pointed out the difficult circumstances surrounding Martin’s life, noting that he had been seduced by an older homosexual when he was around 12 or 13. The judge highlighted that those advocating for homosexual law reform should reflect on the challenges faced by individuals like Martin, who had experienced a decline in his life trajectory since that early age. In describing the nature of Martin's involvement in the incident, the judge recounted that Martin had taken a leading role, wielding a spade and pinch bar against Sykes. Mr Justice Beattie suggested that prison authorities consider keeping Martin segregated from adult prisoners to protect him. Regarding Tito, the judge noted her troubling past, which included claims of being raped at the age of 12 and a history of drug use, including hard drugs, starting at 15. With five previous convictions, Tito had not initiated the physical assault on Sykes but had applied some pressure during the incident. The sentences reflected both the severity of the actions taken against Sykes and the personal histories of Martin and Tito.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760228_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760228.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,194266800
4704,01,03,1976,"Ordinary Lesbian Drama (Press, 1 March 1976)","On 1 March 1976, the review of ""The Killing of Sister George,"" a play by Frank Marcus directed by Doug Clarke, was published. The production was staged at the Riccarton Theatre, running from February 28 to March 6, with performances scheduled from 8 to 10:10 p.m. The play is notable for its exploration of lesbian relationships during a time when such themes were relatively unaccepted, reflecting the social changes starting to emerge in theatre. The review suggests that while the play was a significant sensation in the 1960s, it has since settled into a category of ordinary naturalism, focusing on the challenges of character relationships within a confined setting. The reviewer notes that the character of Sister George, who embodies a certain stereotype, is symbolic and remains a part of societal fabric, despite the play’s dramatic premise. The cast's performance received mixed assessments, with initial criticism aimed at their stage presence and vocal strength in the first act. However, as the performance progressed, their confidence visibly improved, leading to more engaging portrayals. Christine Lookamp, playing Alice, started to effectively inhabit her role, while Peggy Millar, as Sister George, became more vibrant. Eleanor Clark’s role as Mrs Croft and Alison Jacobs’ performance as a clairvoyant character were also highlighted as entertaining and authoritative. The review acknowledges the potential for the production to be a successful evening of drama if the cast maintains their improved performance levels throughout the season. Additionally, it raises concerns about the challenges of staging naturalistic works due to the limited availability of skilled actors in New Zealand and discusses the economic pressures of television productions compared to stage performances. The conclusion encourages audiences to support this play while also prompting directors to reconsider how large casts can be effectively managed in naturalistic settings, stating that a creative approach might be necessary to engage the audience continuously. Overall, the review has a reflective tone, considering the significance of the play within its time while recognising the evolution of audience expectations and theatrical norms. It hints at the enduring relevance of characters like Sister George, suggesting that although the explicit portrayal may shift, the essence of these themes continues to resonate in contemporary society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760301_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760301.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,194439600
4706,02,03,1976,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 2 March 1976)","In a letter published on 2 March 1976 in “The Press,” John G. Jones critiques comments made by Mr Justice Beattie during the sentencing of a youth. The judge indicated that the youth's recent crime may have been influenced by a past experience of being seduced at a young age by an older homosexual. Beattie suggested that those advocating for homosexual law reform should consider the situation of this individual. Jones argues that the same logic should apply to a young girl who might have similar experiences involving an older man. He posits that if a girl were in a comparable situation and was being sentenced for a similar crime, it would be equally valid for the judge to suggest that proponents of the legality of sexual relations between adult men and younger women should reflect on the plight of that girl. His letter raises questions about the consistency in the application of justice and perspectives on age and consent in sexual relations, regardless of the genders involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760302_2_95_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760302.2.95.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,194526000
4705,02,03,1976,"Nominations For Oscars (Press, 2 March 1976)","On 2 March 1976, the nominees for the 48th annual Academy Awards were announced, featuring a diverse selection of films. Leading the nominations were ""One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest,"" a story focused on a rebellious patient in a mental institution; ""Barry Lyndon,"" a costume drama depicting an Irish fortune hunter; and ""Dog Day Afternoon,"" which follows a homosexual bank robber. These three films were nominated for ""Best Picture of the Year"" alongside ""Jaws,"" a thriller about a shark terrorising a summer resort, and ""Nashville,"" which provides a glimpse into the country music industry's inner workings. The Academy Awards ceremony is scheduled for 29 March 1976, as the motion picture Academy of Arts and Sciences prepares to honour the year's cinematic achievements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760302_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760302.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,194526000
4707,12,03,1976,"Focus On Liberals In U.k. By-elections (Press, 12 March 1976)","On 12 March 1976, Britain’s Liberal Party faced a crisis as it entered two parliamentary byelections, with allegations surfacing that South African interests were attempting to undermine the party. The leader, Jeremy Thorpe, who had held his position for nine years, continued to be entangled in controversy following allegations of a homosexual relationship, which he has vehemently denied. Prime Minister Harold Wilson informed Parliament that South African business agents might be behind these damaging claims. Former Young Liberals' leader, Peter Hain, who is currently facing trial for a bank theft charge, accused these South African interests of seeking to sabotage the Liberal Party due to its strong stance against apartheid. This situation arose as the Conservatives appeared poised to retain their usual seats in the Carshalton and Wirral byelections, leaving the focus squarely on the disarray within the Liberal Party. The party had emerged as a significant political force after gaining considerable public support in the early 1970s, yet in recent times, its standing had drastically declined. Media outlets, such as the Daily Mail, reflected on the party's struggles, questioning how a small group of politicians could claim to address national issues when they could not resolve their own internal dilemmas. Despite being a minor player compared to Labour and Conservative parties, the Liberals attracted nearly 5 million votes in the last general election, indicating their potential importance, especially amidst growing disillusionment with the two major parties. Hain’s allegations began to gain traction as he characterised the threat from South African interests as a severe risk to democratic political processes in Britain. The Prime Minister, while making statements in Parliament, stressed that he possessed no direct evidence linking the South African government to the allegations against Thorpe, but referenced the involvement of private agents funded by South African business. Throughout this turmoil, the Liberals have struggled with policy direction and leadership challenges, although Thorpe's leadership had not previously been overtly contested. The situation escalated when Norman Scott, a male model, publicly claimed to have had a homosexual relationship with Thorpe, which he reiterated in a court hearing. This incident kept the Liberal leader in the headlines and prompted further scrutiny following revelations about a payment made by a former party treasurer to Scott for documents that could harm Thorpe's reputation. Additionally, Cyril Smith, a prominent Liberal member, expressed frustration about the situation, indicating a potential resignation and hinting that other party members may hold more information on the matter. Despite supporting Thorpe's innocence, Smith acknowledged the damage to the party's reputation. As the Liberal candidates campaigned for the byelections in Carshalton and Wirral, expectations were low, with anticipations that they might perform even worse than in the previous election, amidst the backdrop of a leadership crisis and serious allegations threatening the party's future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760312_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760312.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,195393600
4708,15,03,1976,"M.i.5 File Points To Smear Tactics (Press, 15 March 1976)","A report by the ""Sunday Telegraph"" has revealed a dossier from British intelligence agency M.I.5, accusing South African business interests of efforts to undermine the British Liberal Party through a smear campaign against its leader, Mr Jeremy Thorpe. The controversy erupted following allegations of a homosexual relationship involving Thorpe dating back 15 years. Thorpe, a prominent critic of South Africa's apartheid policies, has categorically denied the claims, which have caused a leadership crisis within the Liberal Party. Although party members have expressed their support for Thorpe, divisions are emerging regarding his continued leadership. The report indicates that the allegations originated from Norman Scott, a former male model, during a court case where Scott was the defendant. The dossier claims that these allegations, known to the Liberal Party since 1971, were strategically revived by South African agents using financial resources, to damage Thorpe's reputation. It suggests that the agents employed tactics including obtaining and manipulating a film featuring the daughter of a Liberal MP, falsely labelled as pornographic. Furthermore, South African agents are reported to have monitored Mr Peter Ham, the president of the Young Liberals, who has actively opposed apartheid and led successful campaigns against South African sports tours in Britain. There were also anonymous false claims made against Cyril Smith, the Liberal Party’s business manager in the House of Commons, and indications that smear attempts were aimed at several other senior Liberal figures. The claims stem from information provided by Fouad Abu Kamil, a former security officer with Anglo-American Corporation of South Africa, and now an artist based in Barcelona. The dossier's findings played a pivotal role in a statement made by Labour Prime Minister Harold Wilson in the House of Commons, where he acknowledged the significant involvement of South African interests in the recent allegations against Thorpe, while clarifying that the South African government itself was not implicated. As the situation unfolds, the future of Jeremy Thorpe as the leader of the Liberal Party hangs in the balance, amidst mounting tensions and the resurfacing of past allegations aimed at destabilising his position.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760315_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760315.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,195652800
4709,16,03,1976,"Thorpe Allegation Repeated (Press, 16 March 1976)","On 15 March 1976, Norman Scott, the man at the centre of a scandal involving Jeremy Thorpe, the leader of Britain's Liberal Party, reiterated his claims of a past homosexual relationship with Thorpe. Scott accused Thorpe of engaging in defamatory behaviour towards him, stating he would consult a lawyer regarding Thorpe's recent remarks published in the ""Sunday Times."" In his statement, Thorpe dismissed Scott's claims as false and labelled him as ""an incorrigible liar."" Scott's comments came after Thorpe listed various allegations he attributed to Scott, including that Thorpe had stolen Scott's National Health Insurance card, made payments to silence him, hired a gunman with government assistance to kill Scott's dog, and purchased letters from Scott for £2,500. Scott, however, denied making the specific claims mentioned by Thorpe, insisting it was the media that suggested these ideas. He noted that he had previously alleged the existence of a homosexual relationship during a court appearance in Barnstaple at the end of January 1976 and pointed out that it was now over 40 days since he made those allegations. In reference to the £2,500 linked to the acquisition of letters between himself and former Liberal MP Peter Bessell, Scott expressed uncertainty regarding who made that payment, mentioning a businessman named David Holmes, who claimed responsibility but whose involvement was unclear to Scott. As the discussions about Thorpe's leadership continued, a meeting of the Parliamentary Liberal Party was scheduled to take place in the House of Commons on Wednesday. This meeting would gauge Thorpe's support among MPs as they prepared to navigate the party's leadership crisis. The new election rules stipulated that constituency parties could vote, but only MPs could nominate candidates, placing Thorpe's ability to remain in his role at risk. Reports indicated that he might face considerable opposition within the party, with predictions suggesting a narrow margin of support. While the overall party sentiment seemed to be in favour of Thorpe continuing as leader, many parliamentary colleagues believed it was time for a change, with names such as Emlyn Hodson and John Pardoe emerging as potential challengers for leadership. The Liberal Candidates’ Association supported Thorpe but favoured a prompt resolution through a special conference to address the leadership issue. Meanwhile, the Young Liberals argued for Thorpe's temporary withdrawal from leadership until his personal matters were fully resolved, aligning with the sentiments expressed by Hodson, who hinted at the wisdom of stepping back until the situation clarified.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760316_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760316.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,195739200
7423,18,03,1976,"Big Year Ahead For Bowie (Press, 18 March 1976)","David Bowie is set to have a landmark year in 1976, according to Peter Jones' report from London. This year will not only see the release of his film ""The Man Who Fell to Earth,"" but Bowie will also embark on a world tour, despite having previously declared that he would never perform publicly again. Bowie, born David Jones and the son of a publicity specialist, has been a polarising figure in the music industry, captivating fans with his eclectic career. His journey has seen him transition from modern jazz as a saxophonist to prominence in the beat music scene. Over the years, he has explored various spiritual paths, including Buddhism, and even established a monastery in Scotland. Bowie's first major hit, ""Space Oddity,"" reached the top of the charts in 1970, after which he took a break from the limelight to invest in an arts laboratory in Kent. His marriage to Angie, an American woman, was primarily to prevent her deportation, and the couple had a son named Zowie. Notably, Bowie publicly acknowledged his bisexuality during a television appearance. In 1973, when he announced his retirement, many believed his hiatus would be short-lived, given his immense talent. This speculation proved correct, as he returned to the scene in 1975, filming his lead role in ""The Man Who Fell to Earth"" in New Mexico. Director Nicolas Roeg described Bowie as a unique individual perfectly suited for the complex role of Thomas Jerome Jefferson, a powerful tycoon with a private space programme. Bowie himself highlighted the difference between stage performances and acting, stating that film requires him to evoke a deeper spirit within. His journey to New Mexico was notable as Bowie opted for a train journey, taking along a substantial personal library and art materials. He utilised this time to create a book of short stories titled ""The Return of the Thin White Duke,"" which he characterised as a blend of autobiography and fiction with magical elements. His visit to a Tibetan monastery in Taos further reflects his unconventionality. Bowie has even discovered that his hit ""Young Americans,"" when played backwards, resembles a Tibetan chant. Despite many theatrics, Bowie is fundamentally a serious musician with all nine of his albums achieving gold status globally. His upcoming tour promises to include numerous surprises, reflecting his roots in mime and theatre. Bowie has prepared music for the film and is releasing a new album titled ""Station to Station"" alongside the tour scheduled from early February through May 1976. He has assembled a new band featuring lead guitarist Earl Slick, rhythm guitarist Carlos Alomar, drummer Dennis Davis, and bassist George Murray. To ensure continuous visibility, a soundtrack album for the film is also in the works. Bowie candidly described himself as emotionally detached, acknowledging a strong lyrical drive in his music but feeling largely numb. He remarked, ""I'm really an iceman,"" highlighting the complexity of his character as both an emotional artist and a person who often feels disconnected.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760318_2_77_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760318.2.77.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,195912000
4710,18,03,1976,"Thorpe Claims Repeated (Press, 18 March 1976)","On 17 March 1976, a court in Exeter, England, heard testimony from former male model Norman Scott about his allegations of a homosexual relationship with Jeremy Thorpe, the leader of the Liberal Party. Scott's claims have been reportedly denied by Thorpe. Scott served as the key witness in the trial of airline pilot Andrew Newton, who faced charges under the Firearms Act after a violent incident involving Scott. Scott accused Newton of attempting to kill him after the pilot fatally shot his great dane, Rinka, last October. Newton, 29, admitted to illegally possessing a pistol and to shooting the dog, but he pleaded not guilty to charges of having the weapon with the intent to endanger Scott's life. The prosecution alleged that Newton shot the dog and attempted further shots because Scott had been blackmailing him for over a year, concerning a photograph of Newton in a vulnerable state. During his testimony, Scott recounted that Newton had threatened him in the street, suggesting that he was in danger due to documents Scott supposedly possessed, which allegedly proved Scott’s sexual involvement with notable individuals. Furthermore, it was claimed that Newton had been instructed by Thorpe’s wife, Marion, to safeguard Scott’s life. When questioned regarding whether he believed the documents contained information that could harm the Liberal Party, Scott responded, “Absolutely not.” He explained that he had been sharing the documents to illustrate the pressures he had faced over the past 15 years due to his relationship with Thorpe. Scott had tried to retrieve a lost suitcase several times, expressing concern about its contents, which he suggested were linked to the past legal stigma surrounding homosexuality. Scott highlighted that he feared for Thorpe’s safety due to the implications of their history together. The trial for Newton is anticipated to continue for several days as more evidence and testimonies are reviewed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760318_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760318.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,195912000
4711,19,03,1976,"Liberals Rally To Thorpe (Press, 19 March 1976)","On 18 March 1976, the British Liberal Party leader, Jeremy Thorpe, successfully navigated a leadership crisis, securing his position at the helm of the party for the time being. A meeting attended by Liberal Parliamentarians concluded with a unanimous decision that Thorpe would remain in charge until at least September, when a leadership election is scheduled. Despite ongoing pressures for his resignation spurred by personal controversies and the Liberal Party's disappointing performances in recent by-elections, Thorpe's fate was temporarily bolstered by a report indicating strong support for him among the party's rank-and-file members. Thorpe has faced increasing scrutiny related to allegations made by former male model Norman Scott, who claimed to have had a homosexual relationship with the politician, a claim that Thorpe vehemently denies. Prior to this meeting, it seemed that some party members were inclined to push for an earlier leadership election due to their discontent with Thorpe’s leadership. However, the reported backing from grassroots members changed the outlook for the party leader. This upcoming leadership election is notable as it will introduce a new voting process that emphasises the opinions of the rank-and-file members over those of the Parliamentarians. If Thorpe can maintain his support base among these members, he stands a good chance of continuing his leadership role beyond the September election. The Liberal Party currently holds twelve seats in the House of Commons, out of a total of 635.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760319_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760319.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,195998400
4030,20,03,1976,"Education And Values (Press, 20 March 1976)","On 20 March 1976, Mr M. R. Tunnicliff, the Acting District Senior Inspector of Secondary Schools, addressed concerns raised by Mr N. W. Harris, vice-chairman of the Concerned Parents' Association, regarding the Department of Education's stance on human development and relationship programmes in schools. In a letter published in ""The Press,"" Harris requested assurance that these programmes would promote heterosexuality as the preferable lifestyle and questioned whether individuals associated with homosexual groups would be qualified to teach such courses. Mr Tunnicliff responded by stating that human development and relationship programmes are inherently value-laden and that perspectives on these topics may differ widely depending on one's values. For example, individuals representing both gay rights organisations and concerned parent groups could interpret the programmes in contrasting ways, identifying potential opportunities and threats based on their beliefs. In his remarks, Tunnicliff highlighted the Department of Education’s guidelines for these programmes, which stem from a booklet titled ""Human development and relationships in the School Curriculum."" The three key principles outlined include the careful selection and thorough training of teachers, the organisation of various in-service courses for professional development, and ensuring that parents are informed and engaged in discussions about course proposals in their schools. Most programmes are developed following extensive consultation with both parents and educators, promoting a collaborative approach between schools and communities. Furthermore, the programmes are intended to align with the needs of pupils. This discourse reflects broader societal debates over educational values and the inclusion of different perspectives within school curricula, emphasizing the importance of thoughtful dialogue among educators, parents, and the community at large.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760320_2_131.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760320.2.131,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,196084800
6872,25,03,1976,"Rocky But Not Horror (Press, 25 March 1976)","The news story discusses the arrival of ""The Rocky Horror Picture Show"" to a local cinema, marking its debut in the town where it had recently premiered. The film features Dr Frank ’n’ Furter, a captivating transvestite character portrayed with panache by Tim Curry, who wears flamboyant attire including black stockings, panties, and a sequined bodice. The character is described as both humorous and larger-than-life, reminiscent of rock icon Freddie Mercury. The narrative centers around a couple, Brad and Janet, who encounter the bizarre and extravagant world of Frank ’n’ Furter after their car breaks down on a deserted highway. Their unexpected visit leads them to a house filled with eccentric characters, including Riff Raff, played by New Zealander Richard O’Brien, who also wrote the original stage show, screenplay, and songs. O’Brien delivers a notable performance as the hunchbacked servant, adding to the film's comic and horror elements. The review notes that while the dialogue and plot may lack depth, the film's charm lies in its straightforward and silly approach, making it particularly entertaining. Musical numbers, especially the driving rock song ""Time Warp,"" contribute to the offbeat fun, alongside vivid costumes and striking colours that enhance the visual experience. Even though the music itself may not be remarkably strong outside of specific numbers, its integration with the visuals captivates the audience. Overall, the article presents ""The Rocky Horror Picture Show"" as a humorous science fiction/horror farce, showcasing its campy aesthetic, over-the-top characters, and engaging performances, all of which play into its cult status.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760325_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760325.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,196516800
4712,29,03,1976,"Explosive New Book On Nixon (Press, 29 March 1976)","On 29 March 1976, a new book titled ""The Final Days,"" by renowned reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, reveals a deeply troubling portrait of former American President Richard Nixon during the final months of his presidency. The book is based on interviews with 394 individuals closely associated with Nixon, including his advisers and family, and paints him as a man increasingly unravelling, exhibiting signs of severe alcoholism and mental instability. The narrative suggests that Nixon was often inebriated, with his erratic behaviour noted by key figures such as Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. Kissinger reportedly referred to Nixon as ""our meatball President,"" labelling him ""irrational, insecure, and maniacal,"" while publicly praising him. Additionally, the book reveals tension within Nixon’s marriage, indicating that after his loss in the 1962 gubernatorial race, his wife, Pat Nixon, grew emotionally distressed and turned to alcohol herself. The dynamics within the White House were equally concerning, with speculation from General Alexander Haig about a potential homosexual relationship between Nixon and his friend Bebe Rebozo. Reports within the book suggest that Nixon's drinking habits were apparent from the outset of his presidency, with aides reflecting on conversations that showcased his inebriation. Significant moments highlighted in the book illustrate the depths of Nixon's despair. At a gathering on the presidential yacht, when Barry Goldwater questioned Nixon's mental state, an aide remarked that Nixon was simply drunk. His reliance on sleeping pills and tranquillizers in his last months as president led Haig to intervene to prevent impulsive decisions. Nixon's family members became increasingly alarmed by his behaviour, with his sons-in-law expressing concern that he might attempt suicide. Quotes from their accounts depict Nixon as despondent and detached, with reports of him speaking to portraits of past Presidents, indicating a profound mental breakdown. At one point, he candidly discussed suicidal thoughts with Haig, hinting at the depths of his despair. The book also addresses Nixon's controversial views, as Kissinger believed he exhibited anti-Semitic tendencies and racist sentiments, particularly in his dismissive comments regarding the intelligence of African Americans. Furthermore, his indifference to the Vietnam War casualties was stark, with a particularly shocking response captured when he told Kissinger, ""Oh, screw ’em!"" upon learning of significant losses. This book, which serves as a follow-up to ""All the President’s Men,"" is poised to be discussed further in an upcoming edition of “Newsweek,” adding depth to the already complex narrative surrounding Nixon's presidency and the Watergate scandal's aftermath.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760329_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760329.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,196862400
4713,03,04,1976,"Culture Shock (Press, 3 April 1976)","In a letter published on 3 April 1976, a Japanese woman reflects on her experiences living in New Zealand after reading Mark Murray's article about the challenges faced by Westerners in Japan. She initially came to New Zealand hoping to escape her cultural background and believed that falling in love with a local man would help her integrate. However, despite her attempts to express her feelings, she found herself feeling isolated and lonely. The woman observes that many New Zealand men engage in social activities such as going to the pub and playing rugby, which led her to conclude that they might predominantly have homosexual interests. This realisation contributed to her sense of alienation. Ultimately, she acknowledges that the cultural divide between people from different backgrounds is significant and feels resigned to the fact that she will always be perceived as an outsider outside of Japan. She expresses her decision to return to Japan, recognising the limitations of her experience in New Zealand and her acceptance of the cultural boundaries that exist. The letter ends with her feeling disillusioned but wiser about the complexities of intercultural relationships and the challenges of adapting to a new environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760403_2_94_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760403.2.94.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,197294400
4714,08,04,1976,"Prayers For Pope (Press, 8 April 1976)","On 8 April 1976, it was reported that Rome police have requested magistrates to file charges against the director of a weekly magazine for publishing an article that suggests Pope Paul is a homosexual. The controversial piece, written by French author Roger Peyrefitte, was featured in the latest issue of “Il Tempo.” In response to the publication, Italy's bishops have called for a special day of prayer to support the Pope and provide him with comfort amid the allegations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760408_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760408.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,197726400
4031,09,04,1976,"‘Homosexuals Have A Right To Be Heard’ (Press, 9 April 1976)","On 9 April 1976, Mr P. R. H. Maling, the Christchurch publicity officer of the Gay Liberation Front, spoke out against the exclusion of homosexuals from teaching human development and relationship programmes in schools. He made these comments in response to a letter written by Mr N. W. Harris, the vice-chairman of the Concerned Parents’ Association, which appeared in ""The Press."" In his letter, Mr Harris expressed concerns about whether the Department of Education could guarantee that these programmes would promote heterosexuality as the preferred way of life, urging that practising homosexuals, regardless of their qualifications, should be barred from participating. Mr Maling argued that removing homosexual voices from education would hinder the teaching of human relationships and development. He emphasised that children should receive comprehensive information about both homosexuality and heterosexuality, allowing them the freedom to explore and determine their own sexual identities without fear or societal pressure. He stated that such openness could help alleviate the distress faced by many individuals who identify as homosexual and feel marginalized by society. He pointed out that practising homosexuals are uniquely qualified to address the complexities and challenges of living as a homosexual within the current societal framework, suggesting that their inclusion in educational settings would lead to better understanding and acceptance of different sexual orientations. Mr Maling clarified that the Gay Liberation Front did not aim to promote one sexual orientation over the other; rather, it believed in allowing individuals the autonomy to choose their sexual identity free from external influences. Furthermore, he expressed the view that an individual's sexual orientation is either inherent or established early in life and cannot be altered. He articulated concern over the harm caused to individuals when societal and legal pressures lead to a division between their true selves and societal expectations. Emphasising the need for genuine recognition of human rights, Mr Maling concluded that education is crucial in fostering lasting changes in societal attitudes towards homosexuality and in supporting the acceptance of diverse sexual identities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760409_2_157.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760409.2.157,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,197812800
4715,13,04,1976,"Male ‘slaves’ Auctioned (Press, 13 April 1976)","On 12 April 1976, undercover police agents conducted a raid on a male-slave auction taking place at the Mark IV health club in Los Angeles, resulting in the arrest of 40 individuals on charges of involuntary servitude. Captain Jack Wilson of the Los Angeles Vice Squad reported that the operation involved 65 officers who acted on a tip about the auction. During the raid, police found a setting equipped with dungeons and cell-blocks, designed to accommodate the bizarre auction activities. Captain Wilson elaborated that the auction had a stage on the club's patio, where ""slaves"" were presented to potential buyers by an auctioneer. Despite the terminology used, the individuals sold as ""slaves"" were reportedly willing participants. They were paraded for inspection, and after the auction, these individuals typically remained under the control of their buyers for a period of 24 hours. The gathering was organised by a group identifying themselves as the Leather Fraternity, who operated the Mark IV as a private club catering to homosexuals and those involved in sado-masochistic practices. The investigation into the auction began weeks prior when literature promoting the event began circulating. At the time of the raid, over 200 individuals were present in the club. The 40 arrests included charges under a slavery statute, while two additional arrests were made based on outstanding traffic warrants. Bail for those charged with involuntary servitude was set at NZ$5,000, a law traditionally utilised in cases involving male pimps selling female prostitutes. Conviction under such statutes could impose a prison sentence that varies from one to ten years.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760413_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760413.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,198158400
4716,17,04,1976,"Magistrate’s Court Retarded Youth Committed To... (Press, 17 April 1976)","On 17 April 1976, the Magistrate’s Court dealt with a range of cases involving youth and adult offenders, showcasing issues such as mental health, domestic violence, theft, and drug-related offences. A significant case involved a 19-year-old youth, whose name was suppressed, who pleaded guilty to three charges of arson. The youth, described by his counsel as severely retarded, had set fire to a store and a toilet block, resulting in substantial damage. He was sentenced to two years' probation, which included commitment to Templeton Hospital and a requirement to contribute towards a $200 compensation claim. In another matter, 22-year-old Jennifer Lydia Watson faced sentencing for six charges of false pretence while being more than eight months pregnant. She received a two-year probation sentence and was ordered to complete 80 hours of community work after childbirth, alongside making restitution of $91.57. Wayne Richard Cuthers, a 17-year-old labourer, was convicted for vandalising headstones at Bromley Cemetery. His defence indicated that he was feeling anxious about his actions and needed guidance rather than punishment. He was sentenced to training at a detention centre. A hit-and-run driver, 17-year-old Donald Christopher Lilley, received a year’s probation and was fined a total of $100 for leaving the scene of an accident that injured an eight-year-old boy. The Magistrate noted Lilley’s panic during the incident but emphasised the seriousness of hit-and-run offences. Edwin Kuru Apirana, a 22-year-old unemployed musician, was sentenced to six months' imprisonment for burgling a store near Blenheim. He had been part of a group that attempted to open a safe after stealing it from a Spring Creek store. The court highlighted his integration in the crime and his previous history with Borstal. Other cases included a 22-year-old man imprisoned for failing to complete community work, a 19-year-old fined for cannabis possession, and a young woman sentenced for theft from a motor camp. Several youths received fines for attempted theft and a man was remanded following a violent incident in public toilets, with some charges suppressed. Court outcomes reflected concerns about mental health, the need for rehabilitation over punishment, and the incidence of false pretences and property offences in the community. Multiple offenders with recognised personal difficulties were given second chances, including probation sentences and community service, rather than immediate imprisonment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760417_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760417.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,198504000
6592,19,04,1976,"Italy's Election May Mark Europe's Turning Point (Press, 19 April 1976)","Italy is gearing up for an early General Election, likely to take place in mid-June 1976, following a period of political turmoil and uncertainty. This election is regarded as potentially transformative for Europe, as it raises the question of whether the Italian electorate will vote the Communists into power, potentially instigating a shift in political dynamics across Western Europe. The implications of a Communist-led government in Italy could inspire similar outcomes in countries like France, where a Socialist-Communist government may be elected in 1978, fostering a ripple effect across the continent. Recent opinion polls indicate a significant decline in support for the ruling Christian Democrats, suggesting they could finish third behind the Communists and Socialists in the upcoming elections. However, the increasingly violent and extremist climate is a source of concern, with political violence having marred previous electoral processes since 1972. Groups such as the ""Red Brigades"" and the ""Proletarian Action Squad"" have contributed to the atmosphere of dread, engaging in violent acts such as arson against factories. The situation is further complicated by the tension between the Right and Left factions in Italy. Political violence is widespread, with theories suggesting both right- and left-wing members may be fomenting unrest to provoke backlash or blame. Veteran Christian Democrat leader Amintore Fanfani has been brought back to steer the party through the upcoming elections amid fears of a red scare campaign, fundamentally aimed at galvanising Right-wing support. The crux of the issue lies in the possibility of collaboration post-election. The Christian Democrats and Communists have historically been at odds, and with the Left growing in strength—often seen as a threat by the Christian Democrats—cooperation may prove elusive. The Left, fearing being coerced into forming a popular-front government with the Socialists, is likely to resist any overtures that may dilute their power. Despite their rising popularity, the Italian Communist Party, led by Enrico Berlinguer, expresses concerns about being perceived negatively on the international stage, particularly by the United States. Their official stance advocates for a broad consensus government, or ""historic compromise,"" with the Christian Democrats. This strategy is seen as essential not only for national stability but also as a calculated move to avoid alienating foreign allies. Berlinguer appears aware that aligning too closely with more radical factions could jeopardise the Communists' positions and future prospects. As the date of the election approaches, it remains unclear whether any actual collaboration will be possible between the parties, or whether a centrist coalition can be formed. The political landscape is fraught with uncertainty, as the potential for significant change in Italy and beyond hangs in the balance due to the unfolding electoral drama.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760419_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760419.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,198676800
4717,26,04,1976,"Portuguese Elections (Press, 26 April 1976)","On 25 April 1976, the Portuguese people participated in their first freely chosen Legislative Assembly election in 50 years, marking a significant step toward civilian governance following two years of military-led revolution. This revolution resulted in Portugal's withdrawal from its African colonial empire and the nationalisation of 60 percent of its industry. In a televised address, President Gomes urged voters to attend the polls in large numbers, arguing that high turnout would demonstrate Portugal's commitment to democracy and counter any scepticism surrounding the transition. Despite extensive security measures, the election campaign experienced sporadic outbreaks of violence, resulting in three fatalities and approximately 60 injuries. However, early reports indicated a calm atmosphere across main towns and cities, with Lisbon's centre bustling with celebratory crowds and honking vehicles. The election coincided with the second anniversary of the military coup that terminated nearly 50 years of right-wing dictatorship. Around 6.5 million eligible voters were tasked with selecting members for a 263-seat Legislative Assembly, which is set to convene after the election of a new President at the end of June. A total of 14 political parties, ranging from Monarchists to extreme Left factions, presented candidates. However, only four parties were expected to make a notable impact: the Socialists, expected to win the most seats; the Centrist Popular Democrats; the Conservative Centre Democrats; and the Communists, projected to secure about one-eighth of the votes. The Socialists stated their intention to avoid coalition agreements with other major parties, which could lead to a deadlocked Assembly for the upcoming President to navigate. The President will hold the responsibility of appointing the Prime Minister. The elections unfolded amid an escalating economic crisis marked by high inflation and unemployment, aggravated by an influx of half a million refugees from Portugal's former colonies. Additionally, a new Constitution came into force on the same day, which marked a reduction in the military's powers, transitioning them to a role as constitutional overseers for a transitional four-year period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760426_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760426.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,199281600
7923,28,04,1976,"Miss Bartlett Condemns Contraceptive Instruction (Press, 28 April 1976)","On 27 April 1976, Patricia Bartlett from the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards presented submissions to the Royal Commission on contraception, sterilisation, and abortion, advocating for stricter regulations on contraceptive instruction for children under the age of 16. Bartlett argued that existing prohibitions under Section 2 of the Police Offences Amendment Act were insufficient, specifically citing a previous case in 1972 where no action was taken against a seminar that provided contraceptive education to both adults and children. This seminar had featured detailed lectures and materials on contraception, which Bartlett claimed could lead to negative societal impacts. Bartlett proposed that the law should not only clarify the prohibition of instructing children in contraceptive methods but also increase the penalties associated with such violations to make them a more effective deterrent. To support her claims, she referenced statistics from countries including Sweden, Denmark, and Britain, suggesting that teaching contraceptive methods to teenagers had resulted in increased rates of illegitimacy, venereal disease, and abortions. Additionally, Bartlett called for amendments to the Crimes Act to define the unborn child as a human being from conception, asserting that the penalties for abortion should be significantly heightened. She expressed strong disapproval of the Hospital Amendment Act of 1975, labelling it a “national disaster,” and warned against any modifications to the existing legal framework surrounding abortion. Bartlett’s submission further addressed sterilisation, opposing the idea of publicly funding sterilisation procedures, which she argued should only be allowed in the case of serious medical conditions. She highlighted the ethical implications of sterilising individuals with disabilities, characterising such actions as dehumanising and comparing it to the treatment of animals. In summary, Bartlett's submissions sought to strengthen legal limitations on contraceptive education for minors, redefine the status of the unborn child, and oppose public funding for sterilisation, emphasising a protectionist view towards child welfare and the sanctity of life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760428_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760428.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,199454400
4718,30,04,1976,"Magistrates Court Police Assaulter Imprisoned (Press, 30 April 1976)","George Ngaranoa Raharaha, a 24-year-old labourer, was sentenced to two months imprisonment by the Magistrate's Court on 30 April 1976 for assaulting a constable and failing to report for periodic detention. This incident marked the third time Raharaha had assaulted a policeman. He was also convicted and discharged on charges of disorderly behaviour and resisting arrest, having pleaded guilty to four charges overall. The court heard that Raharaha failed to report to a detention centre on 2 November after being sentenced to three months periodic detention on 9 October. On 9 April, when a constable found him behind a shop acting suspiciously, Raharaha responded by punching the constable in the eye and resisting arrest. In a separate case, 17-year-old Philip Alan Duxbury was sentenced to four months of periodic detention for assaulting another man in a car park toilet, prompted by a perceived homosexual advance. Duxbury pleaded guilty, and his counsel noted there had been confusion over the situation and that Duxbury had been unjustified in his violent response. William Robert Aitken, 35 years old and unemployed, was remanded to 5 May for a medical report and sentence after knocking his wife unconscious with a glass of beer and threatening police officers with a carving knife. He had pleaded guilty to two charges of assault, and his counsel stated that Aitken, who battled alcoholism, had voluntarily sought treatment at Sunnyside Hospital. Jeremy Mattave Livisone, a 20-year-old labourer, was convicted of burglary and unlawfully entering premises. Livisone and three associates stole property worth $1,090 and were scheduled to be sentenced on 6 May. The police recovered some stolen clothing but sought restitution for the remaining property. Steven Johnson, 27, was remanded to 6 May after pleading guilty to possessing and supplying cannabis. The drugs were discovered during a police search of his residence, and Johnson claimed he received the cannabis as payment for a tattoo. In another incident, 19-year-old John Frederick Pragneil was convicted of having an offensive weapon after waving a piece of wood while fleeing from a constable. He was remanded on bail for sentencing on 6 May. Michael Maurice Bailey, aged 21, was found driving a $9,000 car while intoxicated and was also charged with failing to report to a periodic detention centre and using obscene language. He pleaded not guilty and was remanded for sentence but was ordered to undergo an assessment for alcoholism. Albert Gordon Robert Millin, 22, faced charges of stealing two tyres valued at $68.32. During testimony, witnesses recounted seeing the tyres fall from a truck, and a man had attempted to extort a reward for their return. Millin denied the charges initially but later admitted to taking the tyres and offered to return them. The Magistrate found the charges proved due to the nature of his actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760430_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760430.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,199627200
4719,12,05,1976,"Thorpe Resignation Rocks British Liberal Party (Press, 12 May 1976)","On 11 May 1976, the British Liberal Party faced a significant crisis marked by the resignation of its leader, Jeremy Thorpe, following allegations of a homosexual affair. The controversy, which began in January, stemmed from claims made by former male model Norman Scott, who alleged that he had sexual relations with Thorpe. This situation was further complicated by revelations from former party deputy treasurer David Holmes and ex-MP Peter Bessell, both of whom admitted to financially supporting Scott. Holmes paid £2,500 for letters he believed might damage the party. Thorpe, aged 47, consistently denied Scott's allegations, stating their relationship was limited and that they had not been in contact for over a decade. In his resignation letter, he expressed that he could not effectively lead the party while continuously countering accusations and media scrutiny. It was noted that the Liberal Party, historically significant with leaders like Gladstone and Lloyd George, had not been in power for 60 years and was currently languishing in support due to an inadequate electoral system, holding only 13 out of 635 House of Commons seats despite garnering nearly 20% of the vote in the 1974 General Election. Following his resignation, senior party members convened to initiate the process of selecting a new leader. David Steel, the party’s Scottish Chief Whip, emerged as a frontrunner, while John Pardoe, the economics spokesman, and Emlyn Hooson, a lawyer and farmer from Wales, were also candidates. This leadership change coincided with a broader political shift in Britain, which saw three new party leaders preparing for the upcoming General Election, expected to occur later in 1976 or 1977. Additionally, Thorpe would retain his House of Commons seat despite stepping down as leader. The ramifications of the Scott affair extended beyond personal allegations; they dealt a blow to the party's historical legacy and showcased the precarious position of the Liberals in British politics during that period. Meanwhile, Scott had initiated legal proceedings against Thorpe for libel and slander, adding another layer to this unfolding political drama.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760512_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760512.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,200664000
4720,13,05,1976,"Not Always A Woman Hater (Press, 13 May 1976)","In a revealing article published in the ""Sunday Times"" on 13 May 1976, journalist Phillip Knightly explored new insights into the personal life of T. E. Lawrence, famously known as Lawrence of Arabia. Despite prevalent claims by biographers that Lawrence was asexual and harboured a dislike for women, recent revelations shed light on a significant yet unrequited romantic experience he had at the age of 21 with a girl named Janet Laurie. This relationship is discussed in John Mack's book ""A Prince of Our Disorder."" Mack, an American psychiatrist, brought to light that Lawrence proposed to Janet, who was two years older than him, but was met with laughter and a refusal as she chose instead to marry his elder brother, Will. The nature of Lawrence's feelings for Janet might explain aspects of his complex personality and subsequent life choices. Previously, acquaintances, including Richard Aldington, suggested Lawrence was homosexual, but the new narrative emphasizes his genuine attempt at establishing a romantic connection with Janet. Lawrence and Janet met around 1894 when their families were neighbours. As undergraduate students at Oxford, they formed a bond, with Janet commenting on their playful interactions. However, as Lawrence's feelings grew serious, Janet remained oblivious to his affections and perceived him more like a brother. She chastised him for his reluctance to meet her gaze, to which he confessed that looking into her eyes caused him pain. The awkwardness culminated in a dinner invitation at the Lawrence household, where he proposed. The proposal was devoid of romantic gestures, leaving Janet embarrassed, leading to a moment of laughter rather than acceptance. Following this incident, Lawrence never revisited the topic, and Janet eventually pursued a relationship with Will, who did not survive the First World War. After the war, Janet married another man, Guthrie Hallsmith, and asked Lawrence to give her away. Although he initially consented, he withdrew at the last moment, indicating that the emotional hurt from his earlier rejection lingered. Following this experience, Lawrence never sought to form a serious romantic relationship with a woman again, opting instead to immerse himself in male-dominated circles, which allowed him to evade the complexities of female relationships. Mack notes that Lawrence remained a virgin until his untimely death in a motorcycle accident in 1935. This account challenges long-held perceptions of Lawrence, suggesting that a singular, significant unreciprocated love profoundly influenced his life and choices, revealing a more nuanced view of the man behind the legend.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760513_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760513.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,200750400
4721,14,05,1976,"Labour Youth Deride Party For Timidity (Press, 14 May 1976)","During the New Zealand Labour Party conference on 13 May 1976, a report from the youth advisory council broke a long-standing silence regarding the party's performance over the last three years. The report, presented by youth council chairman Phil Goff, chastised the third Labour Government for lacking initiative and being too reliant on incremental changes. This critique injected energy into an otherwise subdued atmosphere at the conference. Goff firmly rejected the notion, held by some parliamentarians, that the party had gone ""too far too soon"" with its policies. He asserted that the real issue was the party's tolerance of vested interests that had stalled its programmes, leading to a perception of indecision and lack of clear direction. The youth representatives insisted that parliamentary seats should not be taken for granted and suggested that some MPs were unqualified to serve in Cabinet positions. The report highlighted a failure to engage effectively with youth, stating that Labour's stance over the previous three years was not seen as too radical by the electorate. Instead, it pointed out that voters lacked understanding of the significant changes made by Labour during that time. The youth council indicated that, compared to Labour’s efforts, the industrial relations policies of other parties like Values and Social Credit were more innovative and appealing to younger voters. Moreover, the report outlined that a future Labour Government would need to implement stricter taxation on higher incomes, introduce a capital-gains tax, impose tighter profit controls, and significantly enhance the minimum wage to regain its appeal. It also lamented a lack of oversight over parliamentary representatives, questioning the disregard for conference decisions, particularly on issues like homosexual law reform, and criticizing the development of election policies without proper consultation. Outgoing party president Sir Charles Bennett, in his final address, reinforced a united front within the party, indicating that leaders had been given a mandate to integrate the industrial and political aspects of the party to effectively challenge the current government. He expressed optimism about the party's resilience and readiness to confront upcoming challenges, stating, ""We are poised and capable and ready to tackle and solve the problems ahead.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760514_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760514.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,200836800
6503,21,05,1976,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 21 May 1976)","The Imperial Hotel in Christchurch has recently faced challenges due to burglar alarms being triggered by the morning paper being thrown too forcefully. This has occurred three times in a week, prompting hotel management to request that ""The Press"" inform their delivery personnel to be more gentle to avoid setting off the alarms, which responds to pressure on the plate-glass windows. In a separate transport-related update, three buses operated by the Christchurch Transport Board have been equipped with an electronic device designed to manage bus stop bells more effectively. Similar to measures in Wellington and Auckland, these buses now have a system that silences the bell after the initial ring, activating a sign indicating ""Bus Stopping."" This provides a visual cue to the driver who might not hear the bell but can see an amber light alerting them that a passenger wishes to disembark. Issues surrounding the rights of transsexuals have also come to light, with one individual reporting that they were barred from using the women’s lavatories at a Christchurch hotel. This person expressed frustration over being prohibited not only from the bathrooms but also from the entire establishment. They argue that they, along with fellow transsexuals, should have the right to use the facilities that align with their gender identity, as current options are limited. A psychiatrist has commented, suggesting that the individual may need to better conform to societal expectations of transsexuality to avoid such issues. In a lighter story, a Labrador dog delivering mail in the Cashmere Hills demonstrated patience with a King Charles Spaniel that persistently barked at him. After being annoyed for long enough, the Labrador retaliated by placing a paw on the little dog’s head to assert dominance, causing the spaniel to retreat yelping while the Labrador continued its delivery round. Miss Colleen Dew, a member of Parliament for Lyttelton, candidly acknowledged at a National Travel Association seminar that her qualifications to speak on tourism are questionable, paralleling her political credentials. She humorously referenced Robert Louis Stevenson’s notion that politics is a profession requiring no formal preparation. In comments from Mr W. H. Hillehdahl of the Bank of Hawaii, he noted that capital punishment can manifest in the form of taxation imposed by the government on citizens, suggesting that the financial burden can be as severe as traditional forms of punishment. Lastly, the Antarctic region has its own unique issue with illegal immigrants, having detected four undesirable insects at Palmer Station. These pests, which include three house flies and one carpet beetle, violated the Antarctic Treaty given the strict prohibition on such species. The insects were promptly dealt with through summary execution, reflecting the serious measures taken to protect the pristine environment of Antarctica.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760521_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760521.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,201441600
6593,10,06,1976,"Blue Films And Gambling Before Police Crashed In (Press, 10 June 1976)","On 9 June 1976, Phillip Ronald Henley Brown, a 30-year-old man, was convicted in the Magistrate’s Court for operating an illegal gaming house and for liquor offences following a police raid at a hall on Marshland Road. The hall had been hosting events attended by 150 to 200 men, which featured indecent films and was set to include a live lesbian act. Brown, having pleaded not guilty, was found guilty on both counts by Mr B. A. Palmer, S.M., and was remanded on bail, with sentencing scheduled for 16 June. Detective Sergeant J. G. Doyle testified regarding the police raid that took place after officers had bought tickets to the event. Upon entering the semi-dark hall, the officers noted a makeshift bar serving various alcoholic beverages. Shortly after their arrival, Brown announced a break for showing films, which were described as pornographic and included explicit sexual acts. Following this, he organised a gambling game known as ""unders and overs,"" where he accepted bets with a minimum of $1 and a potential pot of up to $150 during play. The gambling portion of the event involved Brown exclusively using the dice, collecting payments, and distributing winnings. As the festivities progressed, Brown indicated that there would be further films and a live lesbian performance, even preparing a mattress in the hall for the act. However, the atmosphere quickly changed when the police raid prompted Brown to instruct attendees not to panic. He was reported to have made a loud declaration for everyone in the hall to remain silent and blended into the crowd when officers arrived. Police evidence revealed the seizure of over $250 in a gambling bag belonging to Brown and the finding of gambling equipment in a car linked to him. Upon questioning, Brown admitted to using his projector for the films but claimed he did not actively participate in their showing or in renting the hall and buying liquor. He did acknowledge receiving a share of the gambling profits. Witnesses corroborated that despite Brown's claims, he was actively involved in the events and displayed a controlling presence throughout the night. Detective Sergeant Doyle confirmed that Brown exercised managerial authority over the night's proceedings, arranging the screenings and managing the gambling activities. Other officers noted his role as instigator and facilitator of the events. The Magistrate remarked that while Brown might not have been the principal responsible, he played a significant managerial role and was engaged in the unlawful activities taking place at the hall. The prosecution underscored the need to discourage such activities in the community. The case highlights the serious legal repercussions of organising illicit gambling and entertainment, as well as the efforts by law enforcement to curb such operations. Brown's upcoming sentencing will determine the consequences based on these findings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760610_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760610.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,203169600
4722,15,06,1976,"Fresh Allegations In Washington Sex Scandal (Press, 15 June 1976)","On 15 June 1976, Colleen Gardner, a former Congressional staff member, disclosed troubling information about a sex scandal involving members of the United States Congress. Gardner shared that several male staffers were coerced into homosexual activities by their Congressional employers, though she did not reveal specific names or the number of individuals involved. Just a week prior, she had alleged that her former employer had paid her a substantial salary without assigning her meaningful work, suggesting that the arrangement was fundamentally exploitative. Gardner, speaking from her lawyer's apartment, expressed her belief that both men and women were victims of a system that oppressed them sexually and in other ways, noting that men often worked in servile positions. Nonetheless, she observed that female staff members experienced a higher frequency of sexual encounters than their male counterparts. The scandal had gained traction following allegations made by Elizabeth Ray, who first exposed the controversial sexual practices within Congress. Ray has indicated her willingness to undergo a lie detector test and provide access to her private diaries to support her claims. The allegations have implicated several Democrats, including Senator Mike Gravel from Alaska, and two members of the House of Representatives, Wayne Hays from Ohio and John Young from Texas, all of whom have denied any criminal conduct. Another House member, Alan Howe from Utah, was arrested for allegedly soliciting sex from undercover police officers disguised as prostitutes. Howe asserted his innocence, claiming he was the victim of entrapment. In conjunction with the investigation, Ray has agreed to cooperate with federal prosecutors in exchange for avoidance of charges as long as her testimony is truthful. Reports have emerged that she possesses incriminating documents stored in a bank safe-deposit box, which authorities plan to inspect with FBI agents present. Ray also stated that she had sexual relations with Senator Gravel on the houseboat owned by her former supervisor, Kenneth Gray, who had purportedly encouraged her to engage with the senator for political backing. Both Gravel and Gray have denied these allegations, while Gardner has corroborated Ray's presence on the houseboat during the incident. Meanwhile, a source within the investigation, possibly connected to Congress, has been aiding the FBI by providing information on another woman who allegedly had sexual relations with Hays in exchange for a position on the Congressional payroll. The investigation has also extended to Hays’s use of government funds during overseas trips, with allegations of misusing expenses to purchase valuable items. Hays has been reported in hospital recovering from an overdose of sleeping pills, and his office has countered the accusations by stating he can prove his personal payments for the contested items.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760615_2_68_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760615.2.68.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,203601600
7924,16,06,1976,"Miss Bartlett Gives Lecture On Porn. (Press, 16 June 1976)","Miss Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, addressed a forum on pornography at the University of Canterbury on 15 June 1976, where she faced a lively and noisy crowd of students. Despite the raucous reception, which included cat-calls and comments on her marital status, Bartlett expressed her opinions on the impact of pornography on society. She confidently asserted that while the students may disagree with her views now, they would understand them in ten years as ""proud parents."" Throughout her address, she relied heavily on expert opinions, prompting students to challenge her when she shared her own thoughts. Bartlett’s main argument was that pornography depersonalises sex, replacing genuine feelings of love with a ""brutal disregard for the person."" This assertion was met with interruptions and jibes from the audience, leading to a combative atmosphere. Nevertheless, she continued to argue that the rise of pornography was linked to negative social values such as lust, greed, and violence while eroding concepts like kindness and modesty. Bartlett described the enjoyment derived from pornography as ""infantile and autoerotic,"" suggesting that it fosters self-reinforcing neuroses that threaten civilisation. She claimed that portraying sexual perversions as normal behaviour is a regression to primitive instincts. She defended the notion that a healthy democracy requires a public life grounded in high moral standards and pointed out that past democratic societies had censored pornography instead of allowing it to proliferate. She highlighted the failure of societies to outgrow pornography, noting that its accessibility commonly leads to widespread acceptance of associated values among viewers, regardless of their intent. Bartlett specifically mentioned ""Playboy"" magazine, critiquing it for capitalising on fears surrounding masculine involvement with women and for promoting a lifestyle of non-involvement. She claimed that its readership declines significantly after age 30, indicating that men are ultimately compelled to engage with real relationships instead of fantasy-driven content. Despite the challenges from students during her speech, Bartlett maintained her stance on the dangers of pornography and its implications for societal values and individual relationships, illustrating a divide between her perspectives and those of the younger generation present at the forum.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760616_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760616.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,203688000
6594,17,06,1976,"Liquor, Gaming Charge (Press, 17 June 1976)","On 17 June 1976, Phillip Ronald Henley Brown, a 30-year-old man, was convicted of gambling and liquor charges related to a police raid at a hall on Marshland Road. During the raid, it was discovered that indecent films were being shown and a simulated sexual act was planned. Brown was fined a total of $100 in the Magistrate’s Court. He faced charges of conducting a common gaming house and managing premises for liquor consumption, to which he pleaded not guilty. Brown, although unemployed, claimed he was able to pay the fine. He informed the court that another individual facing similar charges had been fined earlier that day. The presiding Magistrate, Mr B.A. Palmer, decided to impose a fine of $75 for the gaming offence and $25 for the liquor offence. Additionally, an order was made for the confiscation of funds seized during the police raid; specifically, $250 found in a gambling bag. The police initiated the raid following information about gaming meetings held bi-weekly at the hall. On 14 May, three plain-clothes officers attended the function, where about 150 to 200 men were present. The venue was dimly lit and had a bar accessible to all attendees. Brown had promoted the event by announcing the screening of films, which one officer described as clearly pornographic. After the film, he announced that gambling would take place in a separate area of the hall. The illicit game involved the betting on 'unders and overs.' Following the gambling event, Brown indicated that more films would be shown alongside a live lesbian act, which prompted the police raid. Another man, Anthony Lynn Smith, aged 30, was also charged in relation to the incident and appeared before Mr F. Paterson, S.M. Smith, who was self-employed and served as the doorman at the event, pleaded guilty to helping run the gaming hall and supplying liquor. He was fined $75 for the gaming charge and $25 for the liquor charge. Police had found him taking tickets at the entrance and directing patrons to the hall, which contained significant amounts of liquor, particularly kegs of beer. Under questioning, Smith denied involvement in the hall's activities, attributing the management to another person. However, it was noted that he had $500 in his possession at the time. Defending Smith, his representative indicated that Smith sold tickets at $10 each and had no role in selling liquor. Smith was known for taking on doorman duties due to his strong physique and was a teammate of Brown in football but claimed he had not been paid for his work at the event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760617_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760617.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,203774400
4723,18,06,1976,"Man For Trial On Indecency Charge (Press, 18 June 1976)","A 35-year-old man has been committed to the Supreme Court for trial following allegations of an indecent act with another man in public lavatories on Manchester Street, Christchurch. This decision was made on 17 June 1976, with the man represented by Mr R. F. B. Perry and prosecuted by Detective Sergeant J. C. Crookston. The depositions were heard before Justices of the Peace I. C. Fulford and M. G. Smith. The incident occurred on 22 January 1976, at approximately 1:20 a.m., when Constable Glen Morris Gordon conducted a routine check of the lavatories, which were known to be frequented by homosexuals. During his inspection, he noticed a pile of clothing on the floor of a cubicle that raised his suspicions. Upon tapping on the cubicle door, he heard two male voices respond, further heightening his concerns. Constable Gordon proceeded to the adjacent cubicle, where he looked over the partition and observed the defendant apparently naked while sitting on the toilet. Another man, who was fully dressed but had his fly undone, was standing next to him, with his exposed penis appearing wet. Upon noticing the constable, both men reacted; the standing man attempted to fasten his trousers and subsequently fled after a brief struggle. The defendant was instructed to get dressed and was taken to the Central Police Station. Detective James Louis Marshall interviewed the defendant on 23 March. The defendant claimed not to remember the incident, attributing his memory loss to having been intoxicated that night. He denied removing his clothes and stated he did not recall any other man being in the cubicle with him, asserting that he was not homosexual. The Justices determined that sufficient evidence existed to establish a prima facie case against the defendant. Consequently, he was committed for trial, with a bail set at $200. In connection with this incident, another man was also committed for trial on 19 May 1976.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760618_2_108_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760618.2.108.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,203860800
4724,24,06,1976,"Jury Acquits Man Of Indecency (Press, 24 June 1976)","On 23 June 1976, a jury in the Supreme Court reached a verdict of not guilty for a man on alternative charges involving indecent acts with another male and escaping from lawful custody. Mr Justice Somers presided over the case, with Mr G. K. Panckhurst representing the Crown and Mesrs Lloyd Brown, Q.C., and M. J. Urquhart defending the accused, who maintained his innocence. The incident in question occurred on the night of 22 January 1976, when a constable on patrol entered the men's lavatory at the Christchurch City Council’s parking building. As the constable approached the first cubicle, he noted clothing on the floor and heard muffled voices. When he looked over into the adjacent cubicle, he observed the defendant, who was exposed and attempting to cover himself from the waist down while standing with his back to the door. After confronting the men, the constable instructed them to exit the cubicle, but the accused gave a false name and attempted to flee, leading to a struggle during his arrest. During this altercation, the defendant managed to break free and escaped through a door, leaving the constable unable to pursue him effectively. The trial featured testimonies from the defendant, his wife, and four character witnesses who presented him as a respectable individual. The Crown's case claimed the constable interrupted an act of oral masturbation between the two men, asserting that the nature of the conduct remained an offence despite calls for legal reform regarding consensual acts in private. Constable Glen Morris Gordon provided evidence, detailing the struggle he had with the defendant, who allegedly bit him multiple times during the confrontation. In his written statement to police, the defendant explained that he entered the lavatory and encountered another man leaning unconscious over the seat. Concerned for the man's wellbeing, the defendant claimed he examined the man for injuries, ultimately concluding that he was intoxicated. Upon being confronted by the constable, the defendant feared being misinterpreted due to the circumstances and decided to leave rather than risk being implicated in any wrongdoing. During closing arguments, Mr Brown emphasised the importance of the trial for his client, contending that the constable's observations were misinterpreted and that his limited experience influenced his conclusions. He highlighted the nature of the location as known to be frequented by homosexuals, suggesting that the constable's expectations led to a misunderstanding of the situation. In conclusion, after an extensive deliberation of two and a half hours, the jury decided in favour of the defendant, resulting in his discharge from court.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760624_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760624.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,204379200
6595,26,06,1976,"Women’s Video Show (Press, 26 June 1976)","On 26 June 1976, Christchurch feminists hosted a women's video show at the Student’s Union Building of the University of Canterbury, featuring a range of video tapes focused on women's issues and concerns from around the world. The event started at 10 am and showcased a selection of programmes highlighting various aspects of women's experiences and struggles. Among the featured items was ""Women's Current Affair,"" a half-hour segment produced by feminists from Sydney, which took over a well-known Australian television current events programme, “A Current Affair.” This programme included interviews with politicians and public figures, as well as an in-depth examination of the challenges faced by Elizabeth Reid, who had served as the women's adviser to the Australian Prime Minister. Another notable item in the programme was titled ""Lesbian Separatism,"" presented by Charlotte Bunch, the editor of ""Quest"" magazine, and Bertha Harris, a director of women's studies at a New York university. This segment focused on the objectives and ideals of the lesbian community. The video show was organised by the Christchurch Women’s House Collective, which aims to establish a dedicated women's house that would eventually house a women's reference library, separate from existing women’s refuge facilities. Proceeds from the event were intended to support ""Spiral Magazine,"" a new quarterly publication focused on the arts, created in Christchurch with the aim of serving women through female-centric content. In sports news, golfer Mark Foster from England led the Uniroyal international golf tournament near London after the second round. New Zealand's Bob Charles was positioned eight strokes behind Foster in the competition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760626_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760626.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,204552000
4725,29,06,1976,"New Zealanders For Sex (Press, 29 June 1976)","At a conference for doctors in Auckland on 29 June 1976, Father Felix Donnelly, a senior lecturer in community health at Auckland Medical School, presented alarming insights into the attitudes of New Zealand men towards emotional expression and sexual behaviour. He argued that many New Zealand men have been socialised to repress their emotions, resulting in a concerning detachment from understanding the sexual needs of women. Father Donnelly highlighted that this emotional inadequacy often leads to reliance on alcohol as a coping mechanism. He further stated that New Zealand society exhibits a pervasive fear of sexual matters, contributing to widespread sexual maladjustment. Drawing from his extensive experience in counselling, working with youth, and his involvement in various social and cultural settings, he noted that emotional suppression is particularly pronounced among New Zealand males. Father Donnelly suggested that the impact of religious upbringing on sexual morality is minimal and indicated that those raised in strict religious environments might even display higher levels of promiscuity and difficulty in handling their sexuality. The statistics he presented reflect significant trends: around 90% of young people engage in premarital sexual activity, with a notable number of marriages under the age of 21 occurring due to unplanned pregnancies. He pointed out that marital sexual fidelity has become rare and that marriages are breaking down at an increasing rate, frequently exacerbated by alcohol abuse and extramarital affairs. Father Donnelly also observed that homosexual experiences are becoming a more accepted aspect of young people's sexual development, with sexual activity starting at increasingly younger ages. He suggested that most couples facing sexual issues avoid seeking professional help, instead escaping their problems through unhealthy means. He called for a shift in the handling of sexual education, urging for a more transparent approach that empowers families rather than relying solely on state control. He recommended that universities in New Zealand establish dedicated departments for human relationships, incorporating sexology, to address the growing emotional crisis reflected in societal issues. Lastly, he expressed disappointment over Auckland University's prioritisation, believing that human relationships are in a state of crisis that leads to significant human suffering. He argued that the current landscape allowed unqualified practitioners to address sensitive sexual and personal issues without adequate oversight. In another story, yachting news highlighted that Graham Deegan finished second to Britain's Chris Law in the Finn dinghy class at the Kiel regatta in West Germany, with sailing on the final day cancelled due to insufficient wind.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760629_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760629.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,204811200
4726,06,07,1976,"Gays Liven Tone For Shareholders (Press, 6 July 1976)","On 6 July 1976, a demonstration by Gay Liberation activists created an unusual atmosphere at the annual shareholders’ meeting of British Home Stores, Ltd (B.H.S.) in London. Traditionally a sombre event, the meeting was greeted by protestors holding banners with messages such as “B.H.S. is anti-Gay,” “British Homophobe Stores,” and “Gays demand the right to work.” This protest highlighted ongoing tensions surrounding LGBTQ+ rights, particularly in the workplace. At the meeting, Sir Mark Turner, the 70-year-old chairman of B.H.S., faced questions regarding the resignation of a trainee manager who had appeared in a television documentary about homosexuality. Sir Mark asserted that the young man had not been forced to resign but rather was offered a different job following the documentary's airing. The documentary included a scene where the trainee kissed his boyfriend on the cheek upon meeting him at the train station. This raised concerns among some shareholders and led to criticism from the Campaign for Homosexual Equality, which claimed the trainee had been pressured into resigning. Despite the gravity of the issues being raised, some older female shareholders appeared supportive of the demonstrators, suggesting a disconnect between generations regarding the significance of the protest. Sir Mark defended the company's actions by stating that the matter brought to light was personal, and it had caused distress among some shareholders. He reiterated that it was in the young man's best interests to be offered alternative employment rather than continue in a role that had become contentious due to the public nature of the documentary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760706_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760706.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,205416000
7770,09,07,1976,"Youngest M.p. Studied (Press, 9 July 1976)","Television Two's programme ""Encounter"" is set to return on 11 July 1976, featuring Marilyn Waring, the 23-year-old Member of Parliament for Raglan, who is notable for being the youngest woman ever elected to New Zealand's House of Representatives. The episode, produced and written by George Andrews, delves into Waring's emotions and experiences as she prepares to deliver her maiden speech in Parliament. Viewers will witness a two-week journey leading up to this significant occasion, showcasing Waring in her electorate and navigating the halls of Parliament. The programme aims to provide an intimate look at the ceremonial proceedings that inaugurate the new Parliamentary session, including the swearing-in of MPs and the traditional State opening, which is marked by a noisy demonstration outside the Parliament buildings. For the first time, television cameras have been granted access to the Prime Minister’s private reception following the State opening, allowing audiences to observe Waring interact with some of the most influential figures in New Zealand politics. The programme features Waring discussing her thoughts on being a young woman in a predominantly male environment, as well as her perspectives on the protest occurring outside Parliament. The producer describes Waring as a candid and straightforward individual who is not intimidated by the political landscape or those in positions of authority. She openly shares her initial impressions of Parliament and reflects on her experiences as an MP to date.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760709_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760709.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,205675200
4727,15,07,1976,"Film Cleared (Press, 15 July 1976)","A jury at the Old Bailey in London reached a verdict in just 17 minutes, deciding that the film ""Language of Love,"" which features oral sex and homosexual acts, was not grossly indecent. The case was brought forward by Mr Raymond Blackburn, an antipornography campaigner and former member of Parliament, against a London cinema that had screened the Swedish film. The swift ruling underscores the evolving perceptions of decency and censorship in the realm of film and media.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760715_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760715.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,206193600
4032,20,07,1976,"Publication Of 'indecent' Document (Press, 20 July 1976)","The case against Paul Robert Harper Maling, a 60-year-old defendant charged with being party to printing an indecent document, has been adjourned to August 2, 1976. Maling, who has pleaded not guilty, is accused of collaborating with Michael Stephen Waghorn in the publication of the February 1975 edition of “Aequus,” which is the monthly journal of the Gay Liberation Front movement. During the proceedings, Maling stated that he was unrepresented by counsel and needed more time to prepare, citing that he was awaiting a response from the registrar of the Court of Appeal regarding his appeal. Police representative Mr J. J. Brandts-Giesen opposed the request for further postponement, arguing that the appeal process could not move forward as Maling had not yet paid the required fee to the Court of Appeal. The court also addressed a similar charge against 33-year-old Waghorn, who is alleged to have printed the same indecent document. This case was likewise adjourned to the same date, August 2, 1976.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760720_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760720.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,206625600
7341,27,07,1976,"Spiritual Side Of Marriage (Press, 27 July 1976)","On 27 July 1976, Rev. Felix Donnelly, a senior lecturer in community health at the Auckland Medical School, responded to concerns raised by a reader, Anna Holmes, regarding his earlier address at the biennial conference of the College of General Practitioners. Holmes had expressed her dismay over an article titled ""New Zealanders for sex,"" which suggested that mere physical sexual expertise could enhance personal relationships and marriages. In her letter published in ""The Press,"" Holmes argued that society's overfocus on materialism and physical needs has led to a disintegration of meaningful human connections. She posited that this disintegration stemmed from neglecting the spiritual aspect of human existence, which should be addressed through love, an essential teaching of Christ. Holmes cautioned that reliance on sexology experts might diminish personal responsibility and potentially enslave individuals to the expectations of such specialists, rather than empowering them. In his reply, Father Donnelly affirmed Holmes's comments on the importance of the spiritual dimensions of life. He explained that throughout his discussions on sexuality, he has consistently underscored that the capacity to love and be loved is crucial to human happiness. His lecture aimed to enlighten doctors about the barriers that individuals face in expressing love and forming intimate relationships, particularly in cases of sexual dysfunction. Donnelly clarified that his focus during the conference was to aid clinicians in understanding how best to support those struggling with sexual issues. He pointed out the vital risk associated with taking full responsibility for a patient’s well-being, a theme he repeatedly emphasized in his teachings at the Auckland Medical School. He reiterated that physical sexual prowess, without accompanying emotional and spiritual engagement, does not guarantee strong marriages or fulfilling human relationships. Overall, Father Donnelly’s response highlighted the necessity of addressing the whole person—body, mind, and spirit—in discussions about sexuality and relationships, advocating for a more integrated approach in healthcare and personal interactions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760727_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760727.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,207230400
4728,04,08,1976,"Privileges Cases (Press, 4 August 1976)","On 4 August 1976, the Wellington Parliament's Privileges Committee was scheduled to meet to discuss procedures related to three cases of alleged breaches of privileges involving Members of Parliament. The Under-Secretary for Trade and Industry, Mr K. R. Allen, the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Rowling, and Labour front bencher Mr C. J. Moyle from Mangere were under scrutiny after the Speaker, Sir Roy Jack, determined there were prima facie grounds for these allegations. Additionally, the Speaker had previously ruled against two other claims of privilege breaches. The Privileges Committee, which had a history of addressing such matters, was tasked with deciding whether to summon the three members to provide verbal evidence, invite written submissions, or base their conclusions solely on the Speaker's findings. The committee wielded significant authority, theoretically able to impose severe penalties including imprisonment for those found guilty of privilege violations. Past cases included the then Leader of the Opposition, Mr Muldoon, and a nightclub owner named Carmen, both of whom appeared before the committee in previous sessions. Carmen had been reprimanded after making controversial claims about the sexual orientations of certain MPs, while Mr Muldoon faced ""appropriate censure"" after criticising the former Speaker. During the meeting, the committee, which comprised Mr Muldoon, the Minister of Agriculture Mr MacIntyre (filling in for the Deputy Prime Minister), the Minister of Justice Mr Thomson, the Leader of the Opposition Mr Rowling, and his deputy Mr Tizard, was expected to elect a chairman. Tradition dictated that the Minister of Justice would hold this position. If individual members were called to appear, Mr Rowling would temporarily step down for the duration of his case, allowing for another Opposition member to take his place on the committee. The outcome of this meeting would set the direction for addressing the privilege breaches and determining the accountability of the involved parliamentarians.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760804_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760804.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,207921600
4033,05,08,1976,"'Liberation,' Not 6lib.’ (Press, 5 August 1976)","On 5 August 1976, the Gay Liberation movement in New Zealand issued a statement requesting that its name not be abbreviated to ""Gay Lib."" The movement's secretary, Ms Rae Gilmour, emphasized the importance of using the full term ""liberation"" to ensure that the motivations and goals of the movement are clearly communicated. Ms Gilmour expressed concern that the abbreviation ""Lib."" diminishes the significance of the movement, suggesting it trivialises the serious nature of their struggle. She highlighted that the movement aims to liberate gay individuals from societal oppression, thereby underscoring the seriousness and urgency behind their cause.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760805_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760805.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,208008000
6596,07,08,1976,"A Women’s Art Magazine In Christchurch (Press, 7 August 1976)","On 7 August 1976, a new magazine titled ""Spiral"" was launched in Christchurch, dedicated to showcasing women’s art and literature. This quarterly publication is produced entirely by women in Christchurch, for a female audience. To support its establishment, local feminists organised a fund-raising dinner alongside a poetry reading. The inaugural issue, comprising 52 pages, features a variety of content including poetry, art prints, literary criticism, and commentary on the role of women in the art world. Notable contributions come from established New Zealand women artists and writers, such as Patricia Godsiff, a well-known poet on the international stage, and Canterbury artist Stephanie Sheehan, whose artwork gained critical acclaim at the previous year's women’s art exhibition at the Robert McDougall Art Gallery. Additionally, Joanna Harris, an artist from Banks Peninsula, provides a review of Elizabeth Tufts’s book, ""Our Hidden Heritage: Five Centuries of Women Artists."" The women’s art movement in Christchurch is further supported by the Christchurch Women’s Artists Group. This group recently held its first meeting of the year, aiming to foster understanding and a supportive environment among female artists, enabling individual artistic expression. ""Spiral"" is available for $1.50 per issue, while an annual subscription costs $6. Subscriptions can be arranged by contacting P. O. Box 21069, Edgeware. The subscription information also includes details about the upcoming National Radical Feminist Caucus planned to take place in Christchurch early next year. In addition to ""Spiral,"" a new magazine called ""Circle"" is set to be produced by lesbian feminists on a rotational basis in Wellington, Christchurch, and Auckland. The spring issue of ""Circle"" is expected to be released in Christchurch in late September. Preparations for the National Radical Feminist Caucus, scheduled to start on 28 January next year at Glen Tui, are also in progress. Discussions about the arrangements will continue at the next meeting of the Womenshouse Collective on 16 August.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760807_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760807.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,208180800
7771,09,08,1976,"What The M.p. S Were Saying Too Few Appointments... (Press, 9 August 1976)","In a debate on private members' notices of motion, Mrs M. D. Batchelor, a Labour MP from Avon, accused the Government of not fulfilling its commitment to appoint more women to boards, commissions, and tribunals. Citing remarks from the retiring woman vice-president of the National Party, Mrs Helen Sinclair, Batchelor highlighted that the National Party's record was ""dismal"" when it came to women's appointments. She pointed out that significant numbers of former National women supporters had shifted to activist groups due to the feeling of being ignored. She underscored the frustration among women's organisations and individuals regarding the lack of action on the Government's promise, as outlined in its 1975 manifesto, to give priority to women's appointments. Batchelor noted that in the eight months since the National Party took office, no women had been appointed to the board of the new Broadcasting Corporation, whereas the previous Labour Government had appointed three women. Miss C. E. Dewe, a National MP from Lyttelton, defended the Government's record, asserting that 78 women had been appointed to various boards in that time. She argued that qualified women must be found for these positions, suggesting that appointing a ""token woman"" does not serve the purpose if the qualifications aren’t met. Meanwhile, Mr M. G. Courtney from Labour expressed sympathy with Mrs Sinclair’s concerns and criticised the National Party for failing to honour its commitments to women. Batchelor also acknowledged the Government's initiative to provide equal rights for women as jurors but expressed concern about the daunting experience many might face when called for jury service. She suggested that better information and instruction could ease this process, and she indicated plans to challenge Prime Minister Muldoon’s remarks about the domestic purposes benefit, which she felt unfairly targeted vulnerable women. In a related political discourse, Mr R. L. G. Talbot from the National Party argued against the Opposition's stance on the Nuclear-free Zone Bill, claiming it contradicted New Zealand’s security commitments, especially under the ANZUS pact. He warned that passing the bill would undermine essential security agreements, while Labour MP Mr R. W. Prebble dismissed Talbot's concerns as exaggerated. Additionally, Mr B. T. Barclay, a Labour MP and former Under-Secretary for Agriculture, ridiculed National Party plans to increase sheep and cattle numbers. He highlighted past missteps, including a significant loss of sheep numbers after a government incentivisation scheme, accusing the National Party of neglecting practical agricultural realities by focusing solely on statistics. This debate reflects broader tensions in New Zealand politics in 1976 surrounding women's rights, nuclear policy, and agricultural management.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760809_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760809.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,208353600
7772,19,08,1976,"Bill On Rape Victims (Press, 19 August 1976)","On 19 August 1976, a significant legislative proposal aimed at reforming the treatment of rape victims in court was set to be examined by New Zealand's Parliament's Statutes Revision Committee. The Evidence Amendment Bill, introduced by Mr J. K. McLay, a Government backbencher from Birkenhead, seeks to protect victims of rape from being subjected to cross-examination about their sexual history with individuals other than the accused. Additionally, it aims to limit inquiries into the victim's character unless permitted by the presiding judge under special circumstances. In his introduction of the bill, Mr McLay emphasised that many instances of rape go unreported, largely due to the stigma victims face, which often shifts the focus from the accused to the victim. He argued that society's perceptions of women's sexual history do not necessarily correlate with their consent to sexual activity. Promoting a cultural shift, Mr McLay contended that women should not be compelled to defend their sexual reputations during legal proceedings. He pointed out that current legal frameworks tend to favour the accused by allowing the admission of a victim's past sexual conduct, thus perpetuating the stereotype of promiscuity. Dr A. M. Finlay, the former Attorney-General, acknowledged the bill's significance while advocating for a more thorough review by an expert criminal-law committee. He recognised that while reporting rates for rape are low, there are instances where allegations lack substance. He called for a balance between encouraging victims to come forward and ensuring protection for the innocent against false claims. Dr Finlay suggested that Parliament might consider reclassifying the crime of rape, placing it alongside other serious assaults to streamline legal responses. Miss Marilyn Waring, from the National Party and representing Raglan, contributed to the discussion by stressing the need for a female perspective on rape definitions. She asserted that if a woman declines to engage in sexual intercourse and it occurs against her will, that should categorically be recognised as rape. Waring pointed to the troubling reality for many women, particularly those in marital relationships, and insisted that the proposed bill would be a welcome advance for victims seeking justice. The proposal illustrated a growing recognition of the complexities surrounding sexual assault cases and the need for legislative change to better protect victims while balancing the rights of the accused. The discussions reflect broader societal tensions regarding sexual conduct, consent, and how the legal system addresses these sensitive issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760819_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760819.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,209217600
6597,20,08,1976,"Magistrate’s Court Reserved Decision On Gaming... (Press, 20 August 1976)","On 20 August 1976, the Magistrate's Court reserved its decision regarding charges against three men accused of running an illegal gaming house and selling liquor. The defendants, Robert Stanley Tuck (29), Trevor Malcolm Rosewarne (31), and Kevin James Wright (27), all pleaded not guilty to the allegations. Detective T. A. Lewis testified about attending an event on 14 May, where he purchased a ticket for a ""social evening"" at a hall on Marshaland Road. Upon entering, Tuck collected his ticket. Inside, Detective Lewis observed around 150 people gathered and went to the bar, where Rosewarne served him whisky. Later, he returned and was served by Wright. At approximately 10 p.m., he received a raffle ticket linked to a planned lesbian act, as well as witnessing indecent films and games of ""unders and overs"" being played at the back of the hall. He indicated that Wright assisted in running these games. As the evening progressed toward midnight, the police executed a raid on the hall. Detective R. W. Thurston explained that he had cautiously observed the scene through a broken side window before police entered to gather evidence. He noted a bar setup with a brown bag containing tickets labelled for the social event, with Tuck's address on the reverse. Thurston identified Rosewarne as the bartender serving alcohol during this time. Detective R. Bruce also testified, stating that he found items in Wright's car, including cash, a plastic container with dice, and an ""unders and overs"" mat. Wright defended his presence by claiming he arrived at 9.15 p.m. and subsequently volunteered to help at the bar. However, part of Detective Bruce's testimony was dismissed as Wright had not been cautioned during questioning. Mr. S. G. Erber, representing Rosewarne and Tuck, contended that the prosecution had not demonstrated sufficient evidence to sustain the charges against his clients. He argued that no witnesses testified that Rosewarne had engaged in conducting illegal games. Erber stated he would defer calling his clients to testify until there was clarity regarding the charges they faced. Similarly, Mr. G. Lascelles, representing Wright, voiced that he believed the prosecutorial evidence fell short of establishing a prima facie case against his client. Magistrate W. F. Brown adjourned the case, indicating that he would issue his decision at a later date.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760820_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760820.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,209304000
6504,23,08,1976,"Transsexual Has Easy Win (Press, 23 August 1976)","Renee Richards, a transsexual athlete, made headlines on 22 August 1976 by winning her first match in the women’s division of the “Tennis Week” Open in South Orange, New Jersey. She defeated Cathy Beene from Houston with a score of 6-0, 6-2 in just 50 minutes. Richards, who stands 6 feet 2 inches tall and previously competed as Richard Raskind, emphasised her determination to show that she is ""not a two-headed monster"" and asserted her identity as a woman following her sex-change operation the previous year. In the match, Richards demonstrated her considerable strength and skill, leveraging her height advantage and athletic experience. She expressed confidence about her place in women's tennis, stating, “I don’t think the top women pros like Chris Evert should be afraid of a 41-year-old has-been man,” and insisted that she must compete as a woman. Despite the controversy surrounding her participation, Richards felt optimistic about her chances to compete in the upcoming United States Open at Forest Hills. Richards also raised concerns about the United States Tennis Association’s requirement for a chromosome sex test for female competitors, arguing that it is inaccurate and ineffective. Having already passed a gynaecological examination, she maintained her legal status as a woman and did not see a need for such tests. She anticipated competing in the Australian Open in December and affirmed that she would be allowed to participate in women’s tournaments in Southern California. The atmosphere surrounding her participation was tense, as the Women’s Tennis Association pressured its members to boycott matches featuring Richards. Consequently, 25 out of the original 32 female competitors withdrew from the tournament, leading to a significant reduction in the field. Many of the withdrawing players opted to join a hastily arranged tournament in Harrison, New York. In men's qualifying matches, Anand Amritraj of India, a former semi-finalist in South Orange, was eliminated in the second round. The controversy stemming from Richards' entry into women’s tennis has drawn substantial media attention, marking a significant moment in the ongoing discussion of gender and athletic competition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760823_2_177.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760823.2.177,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,209563200
6598,25,08,1976,"‘Truth’ Article Condemned (Press, 25 August 1976)","On 25 August 1976, Mr Trevor Barber, the secretary of the National Party’s Waikato division, publicly condemned the ""Truth"" newspaper following its report that suggested Raglan Member of Parliament, Miss Marilyn Waring, is a lesbian. The front page of ""Truth"" featured a headline proclaiming an ""M.P.'s odd love affair,"" accompanied by a picture of Miss Waring. The report had sparked controversy, particularly after solicitors representing another woman attempted to halt its publication by seeking an interim injunction against ""Truth"" from Mr Justice Beattie on the preceding Saturday night. However, the injunction was lifted by Mr Justice Beattie on the following Monday due to subsequent legal action taken by ""Truth's"" lawyers. Despite the media uproar, Miss Waring attended Parliament where she posed an oral question regarding transfer expenses for women teachers. Although it was anticipated that she might issue a public statement or address the House directly about the allegations, she refrained from making any comments on the matter that day. Mr Barber expressed his disbelief regarding the allegations reported by ""Truth,"" indicating that there had been no feedback from the Raglan electorate about the claims, which he deemed surprising. He emphasised that he does not purchase the ""Truth"" newspaper because its style of journalism does not align with his values. Barber questioned the fairness of condemning an individual based on unverified hearsay, asserting that the allegations lacked substantiation and no admission had been made by Miss Waring. This incident highlighted issues surrounding media ethics, privacy, and the impact of unfounded claims on public figures, as well as the broader implications for women in politics during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760825_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760825.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,209736000
6505,25,08,1976,"Games Postponement Thought Unlikely (Press, 25 August 1976)","Mr A. W. Barrett, the executive director of the New Zealand Games Organising Committee, expressed strong opposition to the idea of postponing the 1977 New Zealand Games, scheduled for late January, in light of the Montreal Olympics boycott. His comments followed remarks by Mr H. C. Blazey, a senior committee member, suggesting a delay might be wise until the boycott's long-term effects are clearer. Barrett stated that delaying the Games would not provide any advantages and could potentially harm the event. He highlighted that no countries had, as yet, expressed intentions to boycott or withdraw from the Games due to concerns over sporting ties with New Zealand. Barrett voiced worry about the logistical difficulties the committee would face if they were to halt their preparations and then try to regain momentum after a year. He noted that deferring the Games could push them too close to other significant athletic events, like the Edmonton Commonwealth Games and the world swimming championships in Berlin, which might diminish international interest in the Christchurch Games. Barrett further emphasised the importance of capitalising on the heightened public attention surrounding New Zealand athletes such as Walker, Dixon, and Quax, who were performing well at the time. He remarked that financial concerns presented a more pressing challenge than the fallout from the Montreal boycott, drawing attention to the committee's pending request for the government to increase its financial backing, which currently stood at $50,000. Despite the uncertainties, the committee's meeting was set to occur soon, where a decision would be made regarding the Games. The committee’s chairman, Mr M. F. Hunter, indicated he saw no justification for postponement, suggesting that unless Blazey could present convincing arguments to change that viewpoint, plans would proceed as scheduled. A major publicity campaign was about to launch, with tickets set to go on sale the following month. Ongoing speculation regarding the Games' status could negatively impact ticket sales, which are crucial for the event’s funding. In a related sporting context, notable tennis player Margaret Court indicated her willingness to compete against transsexual player Dr Renee Richards, provided Richards passed a sex verification test. Court specified she would only participate in a tournament against Richards if her gender was formally validated and recognised by the tournament authorities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760825_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760825.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,209736000
7016,27,08,1976,"3000 Have Had Sex Change (Press, 27 August 1976)","According to Dr Roberto Granato, over 3000 individuals in the United States have undergone sex change surgeries in the past decade. Dr Granato, who performed the operation on tennis player Renee Richards, highlighted that prejudice remains the primary challenge faced by those who have transitioned. Richards, who was originally named Dr Richard Raskind prior to her surgery, has consistently stated that her pursuit of official permission to compete in women's tennis is aimed at advocating for the rights of transgender individuals. Dr Granato, a urologist and professor at Columbia University, noted that the acceptance of sex-change procedures among surgeons is growing, as the medical community increasingly recognises the validity of such operations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760827_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760827.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,209908800
6506,30,08,1976,"Renee Richards In Tears (Press, 30 August 1976)","On 30 August 1976, Dr Renee Richards, a notable figure in the world of tennis and a transsexual woman, experienced her first defeat since gaining public attention following her sex reassignment surgery. The loss occurred during a women's semi-final match at the Tennis Week Open, where she faced 17-year-old Lea Antonoplis from California. Antonoplis triumphed with a score of 6-7, 6-3, 6-0, marking a significant moment in the tournament. Following the match, Dr Richards was visibly distressed and broke down in tears, an emotional reaction that drew attention to her vulnerabilities as an athlete. Despite her previous composure throughout the week, she allowed herself to express her feelings more openly during this match, admitting that she threw her racket in frustration and dropped it at times. This contrast to her typically reserved demeanor highlighted the emotional toll of competition. In reflecting on her performance, Dr Richards commented on her exhaustion in the second set, stating that she had numerous opportunities to break Antonoplis's serve but failed to capitalise on them. She indicated a need to adapt her training regime, suggesting she would need to engage in more physical conditioning, such as running several miles daily and quitting smoking, to improve her performance in future matches. Despite her disappointment at the defeat, Dr Richards received a warm standing ovation from the audience, acknowledging their support while also expressing her letdown over the loss. After the match concluded, she took a moment to sit quietly by the court where she shed tears, revealing the depth of her emotional investment in the game. The match and its aftermath served to highlight Dr Richards' struggle not only with athletic competition but also with societal expectations and personal identity, further igniting discussions around the challenges faced by transgender athletes within the sporting world.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760830_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760830.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,210168000
6507,01,09,1976,"Nastase Beats Tanner (Press, 1 September 1976)","Nastase of Romania triumphed over Roscoe Tanner from the United States with a score of 6-4, 6-2 to secure the US$60,000 ""Tennis Week"" open tournament this week. Both players viewed the match as a valuable opportunity to prepare for the upcoming United States Open. Nastase expressed his desire to win and get into shape for the event at Forest Hills, adding that his victory earned him US$10,000. This win marks Nastase's third victory at South Orange, having previously won in 1972 and 1975. This year's tournament had a different atmosphere due to the presence of the contentious figure, transsexual athlete Renee Richards. In the women’s final, top-seeded Marise Kruger from South Africa easily defeated 17-year-old Lea Antonoplis, who had previously eliminated Richards, with a score of 6-3, 6-2. In the men’s doubles, the American duo of Marty Riessen and Fred McNair overcame Nastase and his partner Vitas Gerulaitis with scores of 7-5, 4-6, 6-2.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760901_2_171_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760901.2.171.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,210340800
4729,04,09,1976,"I’ve Learnt A Lot,’ Mr O’brien Says (Press, 4 September 1976)","On 4 September 1976, J. G. O'Brien, the Labour Member of Parliament for Island Bay, spoke candidly during a television interview on TV1's ""Tonight"" programme. This was his first interview since he had been charged with indecent assault on a male in Christchurch, a charge from which a magistrate determined there was no case to answer. O'Brien stated that he had not contemplated resigning from Parliament, emphasising that the incident could have happened to anyone in his position. He mentioned that he was awaiting medical clearance before he could return to Parliament the following week and reflected on how the experience in Christchurch had significantly impacted him. O'Brien expressed that it had served to humble him and provided insights into some of the darker aspects of life, including vindictiveness and violence, which he noted were largely unknown to politicians who often operate in a sheltered environment. Throughout the interview, O'Brien highlighted that he had received support from many friends during this tumultuous period, although he was hesitant to delve deeply into the details of the court case or his health status. Under persistent questioning, he revealed that he had spent time in four hospitals due to the after-effects of the assault. However, he stressed the need for privacy regarding his health situation, maintaining that it was a private matter among himself, his doctors, and his wife. When asked about the amount of alcohol he reportedly consumed on the night of the incident, O'Brien stated that the amounts were exaggerated and did not match the reality of the situation. He refuted speculation about his sexual orientation, firmly stating that he was not homosexual. Despite the challenges he faced, O'Brien reaffirmed his commitment to fulfil his responsibilities towards the Island Bay electorate, signalling his intention to focus on his duties as a public representative.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760904_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760904.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,210600000
4730,06,09,1976,"Torture For Minority (Press, 6 September 1976)","The Court Theatre in Christchurch recently staged ""Butley,"" written by Simon Gray and directed by Bryan Aitken. The play explores the life of an English teacher, Butley, as he navigates his professional inadequacies and the complexities of his personal life on the first day back after school vacation. This day is often spent dealing with the aftermath of unmarked essays, something that resonates deeply with the educational community. Butley stands out from his peers due to several unique characteristics: he possesses a taste for fine Scottish whisky, faces a constant influx of jealous homosexuals in his office, and has the means to purchase quality New Zealand lamb kidneys. This backdrop creates a distinct comedic tension that appeals differently based on the audience's perspective, whether they relate more to the experiences of a teacher or to the narrative of a homosexual butcher's son. Promoted as a rich source of entertainment, “Butley” leverages humor not only from Gray's writing but also from Aitken’s directorial finesse and the outstanding performances of the lead actors. Peter Tulloch takes on the title role, delivering a remarkable display of stage energy and expertly timing his lines for maximum comedic and dramatic effect. His performance adds a significant layer of intelligence and emotional depth, leaving the audience in a prolonged silence at the conclusion of the play. Philip Holder is praised for his versatility, portraying a character with a demeanor reminiscent of a character from Beatrix Potter. His performance provides a humorous contrast to the more serious themes unfolding in the play. Supporting roles are also noteworthy, with Robert Shannon impressing as the butcher's son, despite an unsuccessful attempt at dialect. Elizabeth Moody’s role as a senior staff member battling with an eccentric professor garners appreciation for her comedic timing and presence. Overall, ""Butley"" illustrates the comedic struggles within the New Zealand educational system, and Howard McNaughton’s review highlights the play’s successful blend of humour and poignant character development. The establishment of a resident company this year at the theatre has been deemed beneficial, and the emphasis on male roles has resulted in commendable performances. The production encapsulates a unique perspective on the challenges faced by educators, showcased through expertly crafted theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760906_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760906.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,210772800
4731,08,09,1976,"Books 'for Research’ (Press, 8 September 1976)","On 8 September 1976, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington reserved its decision regarding two controversial books imported by a Christchurch man, P. H. Maling, a retired scientist. Maling stated that he had imported the books, titled ""Black In White In"" by K. Kevork and ""Massage Boy"" by Rick Cummings, for research purposes related to his studies on violence and its association with the suppression of homosexual expression. The Customs Department, represented by Mr P. Leloir, argued that both publications contained explicit sexual content between males and lacked any literary or artistic merit, thereby justifying their classification as indecent. Leloir referenced a previous tribunal decision concerning another publication, ""Aequus,"" which had been ruled unconditionally indecent due to its promotion of deviant sexual behaviour, suggesting similar reasoning should apply to Maling's books. Maling defended his position by explaining that he sought just one copy of each book, asserting that his intention was not to profit but to conduct legitimate research. He related his investigation to a documentary previously aired by the BBC, which discussed studies on rhesus monkeys and indicated that these animals' communities experienced less violence due to regular homosexual activity. Maling posited that instinctual desires could not be suppressed; instead, they could be diverted, resulting in potentially harmful behaviours if not expressed through homosexual means. He elaborated that every man possesses dominant and submissive desires, and when the expression of these impulses through homosexuality is stifled, it could lead to harm to human personalities, mental suffering, and even violence. Maling specifically highlighted instances in ""Black In White In,"" where sexual encounters between male characters often resulted in hostility, potentially reflecting racial tensions or other conflicts. Despite acknowledging that ""Massage Boy"" did not meet his primary research needs, Maling indicated that he had no means of assessing its content prior to its importation. The tribunal's decision on the matter remains pending, pending further deliberation on the nature of the books and their potential classification under New Zealand's indecency laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760908_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760908.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,210945600
4732,09,09,1976,"Decoy Prostitutes In U.s. Causing More Political... (Press, 9 September 1976)","The use of decoy prostitutes in the United States has led to a surge in political scandals and has sparked considerable controversy, particularly after court rulings in California that prevent the arrest of women unless their male clients are also prosecuted. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has raised concerns, arguing that it is unethical for the government to tempt individuals into committing what they term ""victimless crimes"" only to subsequently punish them. This practice, which originated in California, has spread to major cities nationwide, resulting in thousands of arrests over the past year. In Salt Lake City, for instance, the police have employed girls at a rate of $5 an hour for their decoy operations, boasting a 91 per cent conviction rate from several hundred arrests. Among those apprehended was Congressman Allan Howe, a 48-year-old Democrat whose political career came to an abrupt end following his arrest. He received a 30-day suspended sentence after being caught soliciting two decoy officers, challenging the notion that he was lured into the encounter unintentionally. Howe's situation has drawn attention to concerns about political motivations behind these undercover operations. Many of his supporters believe that Howe's progressive views had made him a target for conservative factions within Utah, especially as he faced re-election in November. Coincidentally, on the day of Howe's sentencing, his campaign manager was also arrested for alleged marijuana offences, leading to claims that police were under orders to focus on Howe. The drive against ""Johns"" has been seen as a backlash from law enforcement against judicial decisions that increasingly dismiss charges against women involved in prostitution without the prosecution of their clients. Judge Olive Marie-Victoire in San Francisco has been a prominent figure in this movement, having dismissed charges against numerous women, many of whom were single mothers struggling financially. The police's use of decoy officers in these cases is partly a response to the growing frustrations with the courts. However, the role of decoy agents carries inherent risks. Reports have emerged of women being attacked while conducting undercover operations, and strict guidelines dictate their appearance to prevent overt signals of entrapment. Various prominent figures have been caught up in similar scandals that highlight a pattern of public figures being ensnared in such police operations, including former Supreme Court nominee G. Harrold Carswell and Los Angeles Deputy Mayor Maurice Weiner, who both faced charges related to soliciting undercover officers in sexual contexts. As police employ these tactics in various cities from New York to Los Angeles, there is clear frustration among the ranks of those subject to such operations. The narrative surrounding sex solicitation, entrapment, and political ramifications continues to evolve, reflecting broader societal tensions regarding morality, law enforcement, and personal freedom in America.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760909_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760909.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,211032000
6508,15,09,1976,"U.s. Transsexual Might Play In N.z. (Press, 15 September 1976)","On 15 September 1976, it was reported that controversial transsexual athlete Janice Richards (formerly Dr Richard Raskin) was not accepted to compete in the women’s section of the United States Open tennis tournament at Forest Hills. However, there remains a possibility that she may appear at the 1977 Benson and Hedges Open in Auckland, depending on whether she is accepted for the Australian Open. B. W. Ryder, chairman of the Auckland Lawn Tennis Association's promotion committee, indicated that they would not be the first to admit Richards into a women’s open championship. Despite the uncertainty surrounding Richards' participation, Ryder expressed optimism that many overseas tennis stars participating in the Australian Open would make their way to Auckland for the Benson and Hedges Open, which is expected to start immediately following the Australian tournament. The timing of these events will create a busy period for the Auckland Lawn Tennis Association (A.L.T.A.), as they prepare for the Davis Cup semi-final between New Zealand and Indonesia, scheduled for 19 to 21 January 1977, just three days after the open. This scheduling is aimed at avoiding a clash with the New Zealand Games, which are set for 22 to 26 January. Should New Zealand succeed against Indonesia, and if Australia wins against India in the other semi-final, the two countries will face each other in the Eastern Zone final for the second time in three years. Ryder anticipates that public interest in this potential final will surpass the excitement generated during the 1975 final between Ken Rosewall and John Newcombe. Notably, both Newcombe and Rosewall may not participate this time; Newcombe has been dealing with injuries, while Rosewall has found the physical demands of Davis Cup tennis increasingly challenging as he approaches his forties. With expectations of increased public attendance, A.L.T.A. plans to invest in adequate seating arrangements for the matches. They are keen to avoid a scenario similar to what Hobart experienced earlier in the year when New Zealand defeated India and the final venue was unexpectedly moved to Auckland, resulting in significant financial losses.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760915_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760915.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,211550400
7773,28,09,1976,"Raglan M.p. Disillusioned (Press, 28 September 1976)","On 28 September 1976, there were speculations surrounding New Zealand Member of Parliament Marilyn Waring, the youngest woman to be elected to Parliament at just 23 years old. Reports indicated that she might be considering resigning from her position as the MP for Raglan. Waring denied any immediate plans to resign but stated that she was keeping her career options open. In a recent address, Waring expressed her growing disillusionment and frustration with the political system, advocating for reforms in both Parliament and its policy-making procedures. She shared her feelings of cynicism and hopelessness regarding the political landscape, indicating that she sometimes felt more fulfilled in her previous role as a political researcher than as an MP. The chairman of the Raglan electorate, Peter Hamilton, asserted that Waring faced no pressure to resign from her party and that her attitude towards her work had not changed. Despite Waring's struggles, internal sources within the party noted that she was likely to face challengers for her seat in the upcoming 1978 General Election. These challenges were attributed to a mix of her recent personal controversies and her opposition to the Health Amendment Bill, which sought to impose restrictions on abortion. While Waring was also working part-time as a lecturer at Victoria University, party sources speculated that her current feelings of depression were likely to be temporary. They expressed confidence that she would continue to fight diligently for her position. Waring underscored her commitment to her role by stating that MPs have a finite term, indicating that the outcome of her tenure ultimately relied on the electorate's decision. In her address to the Taumarunui Women’s Club, Waring raised critical questions about the effectiveness of a politically partisan government and its impact on long-term decision-making for New Zealand. She articulated a strong belief that reform in Parliament and its decision-making processes was essential for the future wellbeing of the nation. Waring's remarks highlighted her concerns about the focus on short-term political expediency rather than long-term stability and common sense in governance. With her strong convictions and commitment to improving women's representation in Parliament, Waring affirmed her intent to remain within the political arena, advocating for significant reforms and expressing a desire to contribute to change from her position as an MP.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760928_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760928.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,212673600
7774,29,09,1976,"M.p. Does Not Intend To Quit (Press, 29 September 1976)","Miss Marilyn Waring, the National Member of Parliament for Raglan, announced on 29 September 1976 that she has no intention of resigning her parliamentary seat and plans to stand for re-election in 1978. Recently, there has been speculation regarding her political future, particularly after she was reported to be feeling gloomy and depressed. However, Waring clarified that her recent speech at Taumarunui was not a reflection of personal despair but rather an expression of frustration with the pressures inherent in the parliamentary system, pressures that affect all who participate in it. Additionally, she denied reports suggesting that she had been a part-time lecturer at Victoria University this year, addressing speculation about a potential shift to an academic career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19760929_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19760929.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,212760000
4733,02,10,1976,"U.s. Judge Fined (Press, 2 October 1976)","Former Judge Harrold Carswell, who faced rejection for a nomination to the United States Supreme Court, has been fined $100 after pleading no contest to a battery charge stemming from an incident involving alleged homosexual advances to a police officer. Carswell had been nominated to the Supreme Court by former President Richard Nixon in 1970, but his nomination was rejected by the Senate. His plea was filed in court on Thursday, and a county judge found him guilty, according to Florida State Attorney Harry Morrison. The charge that was dropped involved an attempted lewd and lascivious act with Tallahassee police officer George Greene, which was considered a lesser offence with a maximum penalty of 60 days in jail. The battery charge, for which Carswell was fined, carries a more significant potential penalty of up to one year in prison and a fine of $500. Carswell's arrest occurred on June 24, 1976, when he was accused of making advances to Greene after meeting him in a shopping mall men's room. Following the rejection of his Supreme Court nomination, Carswell had resigned from the United States Circuit Court of Appeals in 1971.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761002_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761002.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,213019200
7775,04,10,1976,"Rebel Plot ‘a Sick Joke’ (Press, 4 October 1976)","On 4 October 1976, a report alleging a conspiracy among rebel members of the National Party to displace Prime Minister Robert Muldoon and elevate North Shore MP and Minister of Housing, Mr George Gair, was publicly dismissed by Gair as a mere ""sick joke."" This report had emerged from a weekend newspaper, igniting much speculation within political circles. Gair firmly refuted the claims, labelling them as ""speculative nonsense"" devoid of any supporting evidence. He expressed dismay at being named in what he considered a baseless story and issued a strong denial of any involvement in such a plot, stating, “I have played no part in such a plot; I know of no such plot and I do not believe such a plot exists outside the imagination of the weekend newspaper reporter.” The report also mentioned Marilyn Waring, the MP for Raglan, as being involved in the supposed conspiracy, further fueling the controversy. When questioned about his aspirations for the Prime Ministership, Gair remained non-committal, indicating he would allow the future to unfold naturally. However, he reaffirmed his loyalty to Muldoon and the National Party, stating, “I have been, I am, and I will continue to be loyal to Mr Muldoon and the National Party.” Gair's responses reflect a desire to maintain party unity despite the unsubstantiated claims circulating in the media.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761004_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761004.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,213192000
7776,04,10,1976,"Values Support For M.p.s (Press, 4 October 1976)","On 4 October 1976, Tony Kunowski, leader of the Values Party, expressed strong support for recent statements made by two Government back-benchers, Marilyn Waring and Michael Minogue. He commended them for highlighting the dangers of increasing political power concentrated in the Cabinet and among senior departmental officials. Kunowski remarked that their actions were essential in preserving democratic freedoms in New Zealand and deserved public backing, particularly as they risked their political careers by speaking out on such significant issues. Kunowski lamented the lack of responsiveness and courage among recent Members of Parliament, noting that it was unfortunate it had taken so long for anyone to raise concerns about vital matters concerning democracy. He argued that when politicians candidly address the shortcomings of the current government structure, they should receive robust support from the public, aiding their roles as guardians of democratic rights. He pointed out that the issues raised by Waring and Minogue were part of the foundation upon which the Values Party was established, highlighting the need for genuine government reform. However, while Minogue advocated for a Freedom of Information Act that would replace the Official Secrets Act, Kunowski believed that this alone would not suffice to bring about comprehensive reform in the parliamentary system. He insisted that there was a need to re-evaluate how Parliamentary representation functioned to better reflect the populace's views. Kunowski cited the nuclear ships controversy and the ""Gill bill"" regarding abortion as recent examples of how disconnected Parliament and Cabinet Ministers were from public sentiment. Polls indicated that 68 per cent of New Zealanders opposed the admission of nuclear warships, while 65 per cent supported more liberal abortion laws. He suggested that such significant issues should warrant the use of national referenda to engage the public directly in decision-making processes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761004_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761004.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,213192000
4734,06,10,1976,"Theme Common To British Comedies (Press, 6 October 1976)","On 6 October 1976, Kevin McMenamin reviewed three British comedies aired on a Monday night, reflecting on their reliance on sexual innuendo and the effectiveness of their humour. He noted that ""It Ain't Half Hot Mum"" stood out as the best of the trio, managing to deliver suggestive content in a humorous manner without descending into vulgarity. The show included moments that were almost too subtle, indicated by the audience’s laughter, which served to confirm the jokes. McMenamin pointed out a specific scene involving a sergeant-major and a painted Indian that called upon an old saying about soldiers, highlighting a difference in how British and American humour engages with the audience’s intelligence. In contrast, he critiqued the other two comedies, “Not On Your Nellie” and “And Mother Makes Five,” for failing to resonate well with viewers. He described the former as featuring a homosexual character, Gilbert, who is portrayed as somewhat ineffectual compared to the more vibrant lead, Nellie, played by Hylda Baker. McMenamin likened Nellie to a Chaplin-like figure and noted her tendency to deliver humorous malapropisms. The latter show, dominated by Wendy Craig, was thought to contain themes that aimed more at adults, yet it came across as lacking freshness and was too simplistic for adult viewers while still being appealing to younger audiences. Additionally, he offered a negative assessment of the sole American entry, “Mister Roberts,” deeming it unworthy of further discussion due to its poor quality. McMenamin concluded that while British comedies have faced criticism for their themes, there is still an audience for these shows, especially as they continue to explore everyday situations, albeit sometimes in a manner that feels outdated or clichéd.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761006_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761006.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,213364800
7777,13,10,1976,"Outspoken M.p.s 'are Valuable’ (Press, 13 October 1976)","In Dunedin, Mr G. A. Chapman, the Dominion president of the National Party, spoke positively about the contributions of backbench MPs, noting that their individual views are beneficial for democracy. He acknowledged differing opinions within the party, specifically mentioning Mr M. J. Minogue (Hamilton West) and Miss Marilyn Waring (Raglan), who have voiced concerns regarding the increasing power of the executive branch at the cost of parliamentary authority. Mr Chapman highlighted the significance of questioning established procedures and the necessity for dialogue about such issues. He acknowledged Mr Minogue's perspective, stating that while he has yet to substantiate his arguments, it is crucial for party members to bring attention to important topics. Mr Chapman asserted that the ability to express diverse opinions is vital for the functioning of a democratic system, and he drew a parallel between National Party backbenchers and anti-nuclear protestors in terms of freedom of expression. He pointed out that approximately one-third of Parliament comprises new National Party backbenchers, who he believes represent the strongest cohort ever seen in New Zealand's Parliament. Mr Chapman expressed confidence that the range of public statements emerging from these MPs reflects the quality of this new group, contributing to what he considers to be the most robust parliamentary framework in the nation's history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761013_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761013.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,213969600
7342,16,10,1976,"Brickbats For Sacred Cows (Press, 16 October 1976)","In ""The Passionless People: New Zealanders in the 1970s,"" author Gordon McLauchlan provides a critical examination of New Zealand society, divided into two primary groups. The majority hold a deep-seated belief that New Zealand, or ""Godzone,"" is an exceptional country, favouring a nostalgic vision of its past from the late 19th to early 20th centuries. This group is often sceptical of progressive ideas introduced by those labelled as ""trendy lefties,"" who advocate for change or reform. In contrast, a smaller faction voices concern over this complacency and argues for necessary individual and collective progress to align with contemporary values. McLauchlan, aligned with this minority perspective, challenges the status quo and aims to provoke discomfort regarding the nation’s issues. He suggests that New Zealand is a puritanical, closed society reminiscent of earlier Victorian or Edwardian times. Through his writing, he criticises the authoritarian tendencies he perceives in New Zealand's current political landscape, particularly under Prime Minister Robert Muldoon, whom he describes as an ad-hoc leader lacking idealism. McLauchlan contends that New Zealanders are inherently authoritarian and, more concerningly, ""passionless,"" leading to a lack of direction and engagement in meaningful activities. The book features a collection of chapters with provocative titles, such as ""The Smiling Zombie,"" ""The Sterile Society,"" and ""Passionless Pissups,"" through which McLauchlan scrutinises various societal institutions, including the medical profession. He raises pressing questions about the power dynamics at play within self-regulating bodies in the country. While he presents humour and insight in his critique, he sometimes relies on social science experts to bolster his arguments, which may dilute some of his more instinctive reflections. McLauchlan draws comparisons between New Zealand and other societies, asserting parallels in racism and the manner in which cultural identity is constructed. He believes New Zealanders face an identity crisis, attempting to reassure themselves through certain myths. His analysis also touches on the realm of sexuality, suggesting the prevalence of unrealistic sexual fantasies among New Zealand men, which explains their consumption of certain media. While the book comes with some criticisms regarding minor inaccuracies and broad generalisations, it resonates with authenticity and offers a thought-provoking exploration of New Zealand’s societal landscape in the 1970s. The work encourages readers to confront the uncomfortable truths about their own culture and identity. McLauchlan's perspective echoes the sentiments of Oliver Wendell Holmes, highlighting the importance of engaging passionately with the issues of one’s time. The overall tone combines humour with an urgent call for self-reflection and societal change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761016_2_103_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761016.2.103.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,214228800
6509,16,10,1976,"Home Opts Out Of Title (Press, 16 October 1976)","On 16 October 1976, the Cholmondeley Children's Home announced its disassociation from a ""transsexual beauty contest"" and stated it would not accept any funds raised from the event. This decision was detailed in a statement released by the home's governing board, which outlined a series of events leading to this resolution. In May 1976, the home received a call from university students who expressed interest in providing Christmas gifts for the children. However, it was not until 5 October, when a reporter from a weekly newspaper contacted the executive secretary, that the board learned of the event labelled the “United Sexualities Ball.” The secretary was surprised, confirming that the board had not approved the use of the home’s name for such an event. The reporter subsequently inquired about the organisation behind the ball. Upon investigation, it became clear that the event was not a ball but rather a private wine and cheese gathering intended for select members. During this conversation, it was revealed that the ball's organisers had previously discussed potential Christmas gifts with the matron and had not indicated any fundraising intentions or specified the nature of the organisation. Despite this, the president of the Cholmondeley board, Mr C. L. Paterson, provided a statement to the newspaper affirming that the board had no knowledge of the event and had not granted any permission for the use of the home’s name. Mr Paterson indicated he initially felt that the home could not refuse funds if they were offered, but he later clarified the issue stemmed from the unauthorised use of the home’s name for promotional purposes. The situation escalated when the board received a formal invitation dated 6 October, addressed to the matron, which unveiled that the ""private wine and cheese evening"" was set to be a large-scale two-day transsexual beauty contest. This revelation came after the board had already made comments to the press. Given the new information, the board resolved to publicly dissociate itself from the contest and informed the organisers that the home would not accept any benefits arising from the event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761016_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761016.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,214228800
6510,19,10,1976,"Contest Money Still On Offer (Press, 19 October 1976)","Organisers of a transsexual beauty contest scheduled for Sunday in Christchurch have confirmed their intention to donate the proceeds to the Cholmondeley Children’s Home, despite the home's board announcing that it would not accept funds raised by the event. A spokesperson for United Sexualities, the group organising the contest, stated that the proceeds would still be offered to the children’s home. However, if the offer was declined again, they would redirect the funds to another charity. On Friday, the board of Cholmondeley Children’s Home released a statement explaining their position regarding the contest. They publicly dissociated themselves from the event and informed the organisers that they could not accept any benefits stemming from it. The board’s president, Mr C. L. Paterson, expressed discontent over the organisers' use of the home’s name without proper authority in the promotion of the contest. He clarified that the board was not passing a moral judgment on the group but rather addressing a specific grievance. In response to claims made by a spokesperson from United Sexualities that the board had previously accepted donations from the group, Mr Paterson indicated that while such contributions might have been made, none were accepted under that name. United Sexualities is described as an informal collective of transsexuals, transvestites, and lesbians that has been active in Christchurch for approximately four years. According to the spokesperson, there are around 15 transsexual individuals and roughly ten times that number of transvestites in the city. The Cholmondeley board noted that the group's initial approach to them was presented as being ""on behalf of university students,"" a claim that the spokesperson from United Sexualities denied, referring to it as a “silly ploy.” This ongoing dispute highlights the tensions surrounding the intersection of charitable fundraising and LGBTQ+ representation in the community, especially amid the social attitudes of the time in 1976.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761019_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761019.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,214488000
7649,21,10,1976,"Be Average, Tribunal Told (Press, 21 October 1976)","On 21 October 1976, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington was engaged in hearings regarding the New Zealand edition of “Forum,” published by Seven Seas Publishing Pty, Ltd. The hearings were initiated by the Secretary for Justice, who sought a ruling on four specific issues from the magazine. The tribunal comprised several members, including Mr E. Gregg as chairman, alongside Mr D. M. Wylie, Mr I. A. Cross, Mrs L. Edmond, and Miss W. M. Rolleston, though Miss Rolleston was absent in the morning session. During the proceedings, Mr D. P. Neazor, representing the Justice Department, stated that the tribunal needed to gauge the contemporary standards of the entire community rather than merely reflecting the perspectives of its most liberal or conservative factions. He argued that ""Forum"" was indecent as per the Indecent Publications Act, suggesting the magazine contained content that could be seen as harmful to public good. Neazor highlighted that “Forum” facilitated an extensive discussion of sexual matters, including personal experiences, and presented material that delved into unusual sexual behaviours and crimes such as sodomy and incest. He contended that the magazine aimed to condition its readers to accept the views of the publishers and questioned any claims of medical or psychological benefits, citing a lack of substantial evidence supporting such assertions within the community. Neazor recommended that three of the submitted issues be deemed indecent and that the fourth issue should be considered indecent for anyone under the age of 18. Representing Seven Seas, Mr P. Downey argued against the process undertaken by the Justice Department, suggesting that it aimed to impose a serial restriction on the magazine by submitting the four issues collectively. He cautioned that if the tribunal found even three issues to be indecent, it could effectively lead to the end of the magazine's publication, without allowing room for changes or adjustments to its content. Downey defended the magazine's role, asserting that “Forum” raised significant questions regarding sex and human relationships in a socially responsible manner. He claimed that its content could help readers reassess their values and attitudes while providing a platform for them to share their concerns and experiences regarding sexual fantasies. The tribunal ultimately reserved its decision on the matter, which included a separate case concerning two issues of the United States edition of “Penthouse” magazine. Mr P. E. Leloir, representing the Comptroller of Customs, expressed that “Penthouse” had shifted towards an increasing emphasis on sexual content over its previously claimed serious journalistic features.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761021_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761021.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,214660800
4735,26,10,1976,"Balclutha Beauty Takes S.i. Transexual Title (Press, 26 October 1976)","On 26 October 1976, Rachelle Hurring, a former resident of Balclutha, won the inaugural ""Ms Southern Transexual '76"" contest held in Christchurch, marking a significant moment for the South Island's transgender community. Following her crowning, Rachelle expressed her delight, despite having faced challenges in her life, including discrimination and a lack of support from her family. She shared a personal experience of being spat on in the street during a visit to Balclutha and noted that her family did not accept her lifestyle. However, she found solace in her engagement to a partner who treats her with respect, revealing that they plan to marry next year. Rachelle competed in a stunning full-length pink satin ball gown, while the second and third places were awarded to Samantha, an entertainer from Dunedin in a white gown, and Frances from Ashburton, who donned a blue chiffon gown with a white boa. The contest took place in a nightclub setting, creating a vibrant atmosphere where contestants were excited yet somewhat nervous. Rachelle maintained her dignity by avoiding overly revealing outfits, stating, ""I don't want to appear like a hussy,"" while the overall sentiment amongst contestants was one of camaraderie rather than competition. The event sought to recognise the diverse experiences of transexual individuals, characterising them as people with physical traits of one sex but psychological traits of the other. Some entrants had undergone hormone therapy or sex-change surgery. Rachelle, who began her hormone treatment six years prior, highlighted that she does not identify as homosexual because she sees herself as a female, although she still displays some masculine characteristics, such as her husky voice. The judging panel comprised an artist, a journalist, and a university lecturer, who assessed the contestants based on criteria including dress sense, knowledge of transexual issues, personality, and suitability. Proceeds from the contest were intended to support a charity, although details were unclear at the time following a rejection from the Cholmondeley Children’s Home regarding the funds. The event symbolised a step towards visibility and acceptance for transexual individuals in New Zealand, reflecting both the challenges and joys of living authentically.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761026_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761026.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,215092800
4034,26,10,1976,"Gay Lib. ‘90% Bluff’ (Press, 26 October 1976)","The fifth annual Gay Liberation Conference commenced over the weekend in Wellington, featuring a critical address from Mr. Lindsay Taylor of Christchurch. Speaking to an audience of about 100 attendees, Taylor urged the organisation to reflect critically on its effectiveness. He expressed concern that potential leaders within the movement were still operating in a social closet, implying a lack of visibility and commitment to the cause. Taylor described the gay liberation movement as being comprised largely of ""90 per cent bluff,"" suggesting that the public perception of strength and unity may not be as solid as it appears. He warned that this bluff could soon be challenged. Furthermore, Taylor characterised the movement as a ""chaotic bundle of autonomous groups,"" indicating a lack of coordination and focus among various factions within the gay community. He called for a more concerted effort in advocating for the rights of gay individuals, emphasising the need for honesty and openness about the movement's activities. Taylor's comments reflect a desire for greater accountability and effectiveness within the movement as it seeks to establish more concrete progress in the fight for gay rights. The sentiments shared at this conference highlight the ongoing challenges faced by the gay liberation movement in the 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761026_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761026.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,215092800
4035,27,10,1976,"Gays To Stick Together More (Press, 27 October 1976)","During a Gay Liberation conference held in Wellington over the Labour Weekend in 1976, attendees decided to establish a national Gays Rights Commission aimed at raising awareness and changing public perceptions of gay individuals. Organisers of the conference believe that the commission will foster greater unity among the various Gay Liberation groups across New Zealand, which have struggled to collaborate effectively in the past. Despite the importance of the event, many invited guests chose not to attend, including representatives from significant organisations such as the Labour Party, the National Party, the Samaritans, Young Nats, Social Credit, the Justice Department, and the Council for Civil Liberties. However, a variety of other organisations did contribute representatives to the closing public forum of the conference. A speaker from the Values Party predicted that their first member in Parliament would propose a private member's bill aimed at repealing discriminatory laws against homosexuals. The party advocates for the belief that the State should not legislate personal behaviour among consenting adults in private settings. During the discussions, representatives from the homosexual community articulated the pressing need for the repeal of existing laws rather than mere reforms. They shared personal testimonies about the anguish, guilt, self-hatred, and fear that many in the gay community experience due to societal stigma and legal oppression.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761027_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761027.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,215179200
6599,29,10,1976,"Conviction For Gaming (Press, 29 October 1976)","On 29 October 1976, a magistrate, Mr W. F. Brown, delivered a decision regarding three men involved in unlawful activities at a hall on Marshland Road. The men, Robert Stanley Tuck (aged 29), Trevor Malcolm Rosewarne (aged 31), and Kevin James Wright (aged 27), faced charges of conducting a gaming house and selling liquor without a licence. All three pleaded not guilty to the charges during the proceedings, which began in May that year. The case arose from a ""social evening"" held at the hall, which featured the sale of alcohol, gambling activities including a game known as ""unders and overs,"" and the screening of indecent films. Additionally, there was a raffle that promised prizes involving two women participating in a lesbian act later in the evening. This alarming nature of the event was highlighted during testimony from a detective who attended the gathering. In the verdict, Mr Brown decisively stated that all three men were fully aware of the illegal activities taking place at the event. Tuck was described as the doorkeeper and someone who helped organise part of the evening's programme. Rosewarne was found to have been involved in dispensing alcohol, and the evidence against him was found to be compelling. Meanwhile, Wright's role was assessed differently. His counsel, Mr G. Lascelles, argued that Wright had distanced himself from his previous conduct and was not an organiser of the event but merely assisted the organisers when asked. Despite this argument, Wright was still convicted, receiving fines of $75 for the gaming charge and $20 for the liquor charge. Ultimately, Tuck and Rosewarne were convicted and remanded for sentencing on 4 November 1976. Wright's lesser involvement resulted in a monetary penalty rather than a harsher sentence. The magistrate's comments underscored the nature of the activities at the hall, emphasising the clear breach of law and the need for accountability among those who had participated.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761029_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761029.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,215352000
4736,29,10,1976,"Norman Lear Success Story (Press, 29 October 1976)","The article discusses the ongoing success of Norman Lear's television production house, particularly highlighting the programme ""All in the Family,"" which is entering its sixth season on CBS. The show remains popular, demonstrating Lear's ability to maintain audience interest through strategic adjustments. The latest addition to Lear's lineup is ""The Nancy Walker Show,"" featuring Nancy Walker as a Hollywood actors’ agent. Walker, who originally gained fame from her role in ""Rhoda,"" portrays a character that represents a comedic take on the entertainment industry, complete with a diverse range of clients, including a male homosexual. However, her character's daughter lacks charisma, reminiscent of Julie Kavner’s portrayal in ""Rhoda."" The article attributes Lear's success to his keen ability to adapt his shows before their ratings hit, particularly through innovative character development and situational changes. For example, the character Maude has been portrayed as undergoing analysis, surrounded by increasingly eccentric characters. This level of adaptability is likened to the precision of a surgeon, suggesting that Lear's team possesses a unique skill set. Talent accumulation is another key aspect of Lear's success, as top creative professionals are attracted to the production house. Casting director Jane Murray is noted for her exceptional ability to find talent, contributing significantly to the company’s prominence in producing successful sitcoms. Mel Tolkin, a frequent scriptwriter for the production, is praised for his rare capability to blend humour with emotional depth, as seen in his work on the new season of ""All in the Family."" Critics point out that in the latest episodes, characters such as Archie Bunker, portrayed by Carroll O’Connor, are facing the challenge of keeping their storylines fresh and unpredictable. In the season opener, for instance, a plot twist involving Jean Stapleton's character leaving O’Connor over infidelity adds excitement, which is crucial for retaining viewers at the start of a season. The unpredictability of the narrative plays a significant role in keeping audiences engaged, particularly when there is competition from new shows seeking attention. The article underlines that Lear's ability to innovate and adapt in response to audience preferences is central to his enduring television success.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761029_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761029.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,215352000
4737,05,11,1976,"Opposition Walks Out In Outrage (Press, 5 November 1976)","On 5 November 1976, a significant and dramatic incident occurred in the New Zealand Parliament, resulting in the Opposition walking out during a session. The event unfolded when Prime Minister Robert Muldoon accused Labour MP C. J. Moyle, the member for Mangere, of being apprehended by police for homosexual activities. This accusation came during Muldoon's reply to the second reading of the Appropriation (No. 2) Bill, prompting outrage from the Opposition. Before this explosive moment, Labour MP C. R. Marshall from Wanganui had delivered a strong critique of Muldoon, which led to the Prime Minister labelling him as the ""Red reverend"" and likening him to a representative of the Communist Party. Under pressure from Speaker Sir Roy Jack to withdraw this comment, Muldoon complied but noted that he assumed Marshall, a minister of the Methodist Church, had a conscience. Following this, Muldoon directed his remarks toward Moyle, who was laughing, saying he would overlook Moyle's ""effeminate giggles"" given his knowledge of Moyle's background. In response to Muldoon's accusations, Moyle requested a point of order, questioning whether it was appropriate to accuse the Prime Minister of being affiliated with an accountancy firm engaged in illegal practices. Muldoon countered by repeating his accusation against Moyle, which prompted a heated exchange. Moyle vehemently denied the allegation, stating, ""That’s an absolute lie."" The tension escalated to the point where members of the Opposition chose to leave the House in protest. As they exited, government members taunted them, suggesting that they were 'running away' and mocking the effectiveness of the Opposition. In a further display of the contentious atmosphere, National MP N. P. Jones joined the Opposition seats, which Muldoon remarked upon, indicating a fractious environment within the House. After the walkout, Leader of the Opposition, Bill Rowling, articulately expressed the Opposition’s disdain for Muldoon's conduct, characterising it as an expression of ""absolute and utter contempt."" Rowling emphasised the impact of Muldoon's statements on Moyle, indicating that such accusations shook him significantly. He questioned how a decent person could reasonably respond to such disrespectful comments, and characterised Muldoon's behaviour as vicious. The debate on the Appropriation (No. 2) Bill concluded shortly after the walkout, with committee stages passing in just two minutes. The House adjourned at 11.10 p.m., and the Labour MPs were left to deliberate whether to attend the following day’s session, scheduled for 9 a.m. Rowling indicated that future protests against the Prime Minister were under consideration, suggesting that the Labour caucus needed to discuss their response to the situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761105_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761105.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,215953200
4739,06,11,1976,"Labour Repeats Walkout (Press, 6 November 1976)","On 6 November 1976, a significant political confrontation occurred in New Zealand's Parliament, culminating in a walkout by the Opposition. This was a reaction to Prime Minister Mr. Muldoon's comments during the committee debate on the Electoral Amendment Act. All Opposition members, except Mr. M. Rata and Mrs. T. W. Tirikatenei Sullivan, left the chamber when Mr. Muldoon began to speak, signalling their dissatisfaction. Leader of the Opposition Mr. Rowling expressed that the walkout was a way to avoid listening to the Prime Minister. The tension escalated after Mr. Muldoon alleged that Labour frontbencher Mr. C. J. Moyle had been arrested for alleged homosexual activities. In Parliament, Mr. Moyle strongly denied these accusations, describing them as unfounded and malicious. He stated that such rumors had circulated for several months before the previous year's general election, and alluded to a deliberate smear campaign initiated by elements connected to the National Party. Mr. Muldoon, in a contentious move, sought to challenge Mr. Moyle's narrative, asserting that the customs of the House forbade controversial remarks during personal statements. He asked Mr. Moyle to retract the term “malicious,” which Mr. Moyle ultimately did to continue with his explanation. During his rebuttal, Mr. Moyle clarified that the only relevant incident involved a minor occurrence where he observed a suspicious individual who turned out to be a police officer in disguise, reassuring everyone that no wrongdoing had taken place and that the police had found no crime involved. The escalating conflict prompted further verbal exchanges, with Mr. Muldoon hinting at significant discrepancies between Mr. Moyle's account and the police report he intended to present in Parliament. Mr. Rowling, commenting post-session, condemned the Prime Minister for using police documents for political leverage, wondering about the implications of such actions. He called out the shameful conduct unfolding in the Parliament, accusing the National Party's leadership and Mr. Muldoon of degrading political discourse to a gutter-level. Later, Mr. Muldoon reiterated his commitment to submit the police report to clarify the matter, while Mr. Rowling sought assurances from the Commissioner of Police regarding the confidential police file accessed during this controversy. The events underscored a significant moment in New Zealand's political landscape, reflecting the intense partisanship and personal attacks that were characterising the period. This incident illustrates the rising tension and division within the political climate of New Zealand in late 1976.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761106_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761106.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,216039600
4738,06,11,1976,"Mr Moyle: ‘only In Court’ (Press, 6 November 1976)","On 6 November 1976, a significant controversy unfolded involving C.J. Moyle, a Labour MP for Mangere, stemming from allegations of his homosexual activities, first expressed by Prime Minister Robert Muldoon in Parliament. Moyle has firmly denied any such engagements, stating he has been happily married for two decades, has three children and a grandchild, with another on the way. He remarked, ""I have never been unfaithful to my wife,"" defending his personal life against the claims made. Moyle expressed his strong desire for the details surrounding the allegations to be made public, but only within a court of law, where he could contest any inaccuracies in the police report regarding his meeting with an undercover officer. He rejected Muldoon's proposal to table the police report in Parliament, deeming Parliament unsuitable for a fair examination of the report's contents. He insisted, ""I do not regard Parliament as a court of law,"" emphasizing his concerns that Parliament would not provide him the opportunity to adequately challenge the report. The Labour MP revealed he had not seen the full report but noted assurances from Assistant Commissioner of Police, Mr Walton, that no crime had been committed. Moyle warned Muldoon against repeating his statements outside the privileges granted within the House, warning of potential defamation action, while asserting, ""I don’t want his money."" Throughout the day, the Moyle family received numerous supportive phone calls, including from some government MPs expressing sympathy over the incident. Moyle also highlighted the embarrassment felt by some members of the National Party in light of the situation. Moyle's wife articulated her distress and anger at the allegations, labelling them ""ridiculous"" and voicing concern about their impact on their children. She added that while their children seemed to be coping on the surface, there were underlying psychological effects that were difficult to evaluate. Moyle acknowledged, ""no one can measure the depth of the psychological wound,"" underscoring the personal toll the public allegations were taking on his family. The incident highlights the tensions and challenges in the political landscape of New Zealand at the time, as personal reputations and public allegations collided within the realm of parliamentary privilege.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761106_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761106.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,216039600
4741,06,11,1976,"Mr Muldoon And Parliament (Press, 6 November 1976)","On 5 November 1976, W. Foot expressed strong disapproval regarding comments made by Mr Muldoon about Mr Moyle's alleged homosexual activities. In a letter, Foot argued that Muldoon's remarks had brought Parliament into ""utter disrepute"" and implied that Muldoon, being a key figure, should have handled the situation with more propriety. Foot suggested that the Opposition should consider stepping back, implying that the responsibility for the state of affairs lay solely with Muldoon.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761106_2_109_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761106.2.109.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,216039600
4740,06,11,1976,"The If Eek In The House The Malady Lingersbad... (Press, 6 November 1976)","The proceedings in the New Zealand Parliament during the week leading up to 6 November 1976 were marked by contentious behaviour and trivial debates, which contributed to perceptions of the session as particularly unpleasant. The week began with an adjournment motion regarding a $3 surcharge on oil, wherein Prime Minister Robert Muldoon rebutted claims made by oil companies that the government's actions were unilateral. Muldoon accused Labour MP W. W. Freer of being beholden to international oil cartels, referencing “secret” figures that were humorously revealed to have been retrieved from a parliamentary toilet by Sir Basil Arthur. The Parliament engaged in a second-reading debate on the Sale of Liquor Amendment (No. 2) Bill, which progressed quietly until the committee stage began. During this stage, a free vote was taken on drinking ages; however, confusion arose over an amendment that permitted 18-year-olds to drink in licensed venues when accompanied by a guardian or spouse over 20. Despite the urgency of the debate, the bill was still pending a third reading, indicating ongoing discussions about liquor laws. The atmosphere turned notably hostile during the Supplementary Estimates debate, where Muldoon was drawn into personal attacks. When Labour MP C. R. Marshall confronted him, Muldoon retaliated with a derogatory comment towards M. C. J. Moyle, who responded with laughter. This exchange escalated further when Muldoon suggested Moyle had a dubious past related to police involvement in homosexual activities, leading to an Opposition walk-out in protest. The government proceeded to pass the Appropriation (No. 2) Bill shortly after. The following day, the debate continued uneasily with a personal explanation from Moyle being met with further attacks from Muldoon. Calls for the release of police documents regarding the charges made by Muldoon were made by opposition figures, illustrating the ongoing tensions. Nonetheless, key legislative processes continued with seven significant measures nearing the third-reading stage, suggesting a somewhat productive backdrop amid the discord. Looking ahead, it was noted that Muldoon intended to prioritise tax bills in the upcoming agenda, while indications from sources cited the possibility that the controversial Industrial Relations Amendment (No. 3) Bill would reappear, potentially reigniting the same level of conflict observed that week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761106_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761106.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,216039600
4742,08,11,1976,"P.m. — No Regrets (Press, 8 November 1976)","On 8 November 1976, Prime Minister Mr. Muldoon expressed no remorse regarding his controversial comments aimed at MP Mr. Moyle, emphasising that he considered the matter closed unless Mr. Moyle requested the Police file to be tabled in Parliament. Speaking in Hokitika, Muldoon dismissed editorial criticism from the metropolitan press, claiming he did not read editorials and remained unfazed by their opinions, asserting, “They can say what they like.” He implied that Mr. Moyle had made a prudent decision in not seeking to table the file, characterising the exchanges as “counter-punching” and defending his position by stating that his professional associates had been unjustly attacked. In response to questions about how he knew the details of a police file concerning an incident involving Mr. Moyle and an undercover policeman 18 months prior, Muldoon clarified that he had never seen the file in question. He did not, however, disclose the source of the information that led him to allege that the member for Mangere had been involved in homosexual activities with the police. Muldoon further questioned the adequacy of Mr. Moyle’s retraction of his earlier comments, which had insinuated illegal practices associated with Muldoon's accounting firm. Mr. Moyle later stated he believed he had made his retraction clear and felt there was little further to add on the subject, asserting he had said all he needed to say. Additionally, in the wake of the disagreement, National MP Mr. R. Fenton declared his intention to advocate for reform within Parliament. He described the need for a “humble” initiative to enhance standards during debates, sharing that he was developing a proposal aimed at facilitating informal discussions among members of Parliament on the issues raised during the altercation. Fenton expressed optimism that genuine dialogue between factions could pave the way for meaningful change in parliamentary decorum.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761108_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761108.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,216212400
4743,11,11,1976,"Queer Laugh Singles A Man Out (Press, 11 November 1976)","In an article published on 11 November 1976 by A. K. Grant, the author reflects on the implications of the Muldoon-Moyle affair, specifically concerning the term ""effeminate giggling."" The controversy arose after Mr Moyle's giggles led to accusations against Prime Minister Muldoon regarding Moyle's background in homosexual activities. Grant expresses concern over the societal interpretation of giggles and the inconclusive nature of their meanings, suggesting that effeminate giggles could unfairly stigmatise individuals, including himself. Grant amusingly contemplates the challenges of being identified as heterosexual while possessing a tendency to giggle in a manner he describes as effeminate. He questions why such laughter should lead to presumptions about one's sexual orientation and discusses the societal expectations around masculinity. Recognising that many heterosexual men may exhibit similar giggling, he notes that his marital status and family do not shield one from suspicion of being homosexual, as the societal stereotype encompasses married men who lead double lives. To navigate this delicate situation, Grant considers replacing effeminate giggles with a more traditionally masculine ""Ho-Ho-Ho,"" which he believes may protect male gigglers from scrutiny. Drawing on the persona of Father Christmas, Grant humorously examines how even a jolly figure can raise eyebrows regarding his lifestyle, highlighting irony in societal judgement. Recalling an incident from ten years prior while in Germany, where he was approached by police and questioned about his identity while idly watching the river, Grant fears that this past encounter might have been recorded suspiciously in police files, linking him to unintended misconduct. He wittily speculates about the absurdity of having a record for an innocent misinterpretation of his actions. Concluding on a light-hearted note, Grant reassures the Prime Minister of his admiration for Muldoon’s accounting skills, showing appreciation despite the serious tone of the ongoing political accusations. The piece encapsulates a mix of humour and social commentary on the absurdity of stereotyping and the fear of judgment regarding personal conduct, highlighting the potential for gossip to spiral beyond reason.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761111_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761111.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,216471600
4744,15,11,1976,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 15 November 1976)","On 15 November 1976, a collection of letters to the editor highlighted various concerns and opinions from New Zealand citizens. One letter addressed the pressing need to increase the family benefit, particularly for one-income families facing significant financial pressures due to rising prices and equal wage provisions. The writer, P. M. Cook, argued that these families were being neglected and urged for increased benefits or a re-establishment of tax rebates for children to alleviate their financial strain. Another letter from I. G. B. Wilson, Chairman of the Civic Trust, discussed the trust's stance on new town proposals, asserting that they were currently not in favour of any particular development. The trust was awaiting an indicative plan from the Regional Planning Authority set for release in December and believed that the public comment period should be extended to three months for better public engagement. M. O’Neill expressed frustration with what he described as the ""non-controversy"" around homosexuality discussed in Parliament. He contended that issues of national significance should take precedence over such personal matters, criticising the politicians for their focus on less important topics rather than addressing pressing policy issues. Lastly, R. Harman responded to critiques of Labour's superannuation scheme, which had been labelled by some as an attempt to nationalise the economy. Harman argued that, despite its flaws, the scheme was part of a broader economic strategy that could have benefited essential services and prevented the dominance of large corporations in the economy. The letter suggested that the Labour scheme might have been a crucial element in fostering long-term sustainability for New Zealand’s infrastructure and services.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761115_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761115.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,216817200
6873,18,11,1976,"Random Reminder (Press, 18 November 1976)","The article discusses the fashion industry's tendency for brands to attempt comebacks, focusing in particular on the lesser-known label Maggy Rouff, which is trying to regain its former popularity. The author expresses discomfort with this trend, suggesting that labels often overestimate their significance in the broader context of fashion. They liken labels to a parcel label that, once sent away, should remain detached rather than returning to the sender. The writer critiques the notion that dress labels assume a higher importance than the garments themselves, arguing that many labels behave as if the clothing is merely a backdrop to their presence. They point out that labels are traditionally hidden away within garments, rather than showcased prominently on the exterior. This leads to a humorous suggestion that perhaps a dress could be designed completely out of labels, a concept that could appeal to a character, such as a transvestite sailor, who might embrace the playful term ""label-bodied seaman."" Overall, the piece employs a whimsical tone to reflect on the sometimes inflated ego of fashion labels and their desire for recognition, illustrating the notion that their significance should not overshadow the garments they represent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761118_2_159.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761118.2.159,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,217076400
7168,25,11,1976,"A Quick Burst Of Dagg (Press, 25 November 1976)","On 25 November 1976, a unique promotional event for Qantas was held in Christchurch, featuring the airline's unofficial public relations representative, Fred Dagg. Around 150 attendees from the travel industry were invited to a special screening where Dagg presented a series of humorous slides from his recent trip to Australia. True to his comedic style, Dagg began the presentation with a light-hearted comment about a photograph of a Qantas 747 jumbo jet, jokingly referring to it as merely an “antas” aeroplane due to a catering van obstructing the ‘Q’. Dagg's slide show included images of iconic locations in Sydney, such as Bondi Beach, where he playfully noted the scantily clad beachgoers. His presentation included amusing scenes of him interacting with the Sydney Opera House, where he pretended to clean it with a feather duster, and engaging with local statues. He also recounted his experience at a cinema in King's Cross, making clear that the film was not ""The Sound of Music,"" which added to the comedy of the evening. Dagg's enjoyment of Australian culture was evident as he shared photos of himself surrounded by empty tubes of Fosters beer and joking about trying a drink he referred to as a “Poofter,” labelling it simply as “a glass of milk with a flag in it.” One particularly memorable shot featured a beach inspector at Surfer’s Paradise, which Dagg used to deliver another punchline, teasing that if any issues were found, they would simply be returned to the ""manufacturer."" As the presentation concluded, it was clear that Dagg's engaging and entertaining approach had solidified his status as a valuable asset for Qantas, making him the airline's best acquisition since its introduction of the jumbo jet.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761125_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761125.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,217681200
4745,26,11,1976,"Terms Set For Moyle Inquiry (Press, 26 November 1976)","On 26 November 1976, New Zealand's Minister of Justice, Mr Thomson, announced the establishment of a one-man commission of inquiry led by retired Court of Appeal president, Sir Alfred North. This inquiry is aimed at investigating an alleged breach of confidentiality concerning a police file on Labour MP Mr C. J. Moyle. The inquiry will not be public, and its report, including any associated information, may remain confidential. The inquiry is expected to be completed by 20 December 1976. The terms set for the inquiry are largely aligned with those suggested by Prime Minister Mr Muldoon in a prior communication with the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Rowling. This controversy arose after Mr Muldoon publicly stated on 3 November that Mr Moyle had been apprehended by the police for homosexual activities and alluded to possessing police files that could substantiate his claims. The inquiry will explore several critical aspects, including the current legal frameworks and practices regarding access to police files by Ministers of the Crown, the investigation of any breaches related to Mr Moyle's file, and whether information was improperly disclosed to Mr Muldoon or other politicians, including Mr McCready and Mr Connelly. It will also examine the alignment between public statements made by these officials and the content of the police file, as well as the sources from which they may have gathered information outside of police channels. Lastly, the inquiry will consider any necessary changes to existing laws or practices regarding police file access by Ministers. Criticism of the inquiry has emerged from the Opposition, with Mr Rowling accusing Mr Muldoon of sidestepping the real issues and turning it into a witch hunt against Mr Moyle. Mr Rowling claimed that Mr Muldoon and senior colleagues had improperly set the inquiry's terms, suggesting it should focus on the Prime Minister's purported misconduct in Parliament. Despite his criticisms, Mr Rowling expressed confidence in Sir Alfred North's ability to conduct the inquiry effectively, albeit within the confines of the terms established by the government. Mr Rowling also indicated a preference against making the inquiry's findings public, expressing concern that individuals not directly involved could be inappropriately implicated in the matter. He, along with Mr Moyle, expressed dissatisfaction over the focus of the inquiry, believing that it might not adequately address the more significant underlying issues regarding Mr Muldoon's conduct. Overall, the inquiry has sparked significant political debate and controversy, particularly surrounding issues of confidentiality and the proper use of police information by government officials.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761126_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761126.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,217767600
4036,30,11,1976,"‘Aequus’ Earns Fine (Press, 30 November 1976)","Paul Robert Harper Mating, a 60-year-old publicity officer for the Christchurch Gay Liberation Front, was fined $200 after being convicted for his involvement in the printing of an indecent document in February 1975. The case was heard at the Magistrate’s Court by Mr F. G. Paterson S.M. During the proceedings, Mating expressed that he did not acknowledge the court's jurisdiction over the matter. The document in question was an eight-page article titled ""An Introduction to Homosexual Anal Intercourse,"" which appeared in the February 1975 edition of ""Aequus,"" a monthly journal associated with the Gay Liberation Front. The article was deemed indecent by the Indecent Publications Tribunal, which led to Mating's conviction. When interviewed by Detective Sergeant R. Powell, Mating confirmed that he authored the article, however, he claimed that he did not write it with any immoral or mischievous intent. The Magistrate, in his ruling, referenced the tribunal’s findings that influenced their decision to categorise the article as indecent. Two key reasons highlighted were that the content addressed a behaviour that was illegal in New Zealand and that copies of the article had been accessed by individuals outside of the Gay Liberation Front community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761130_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761130.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,218113200
7778,04,12,1976,"Women’s Role In Politics (Press, 4 December 1976)","On 4 December 1976, Mrs Mary Batchelor, Member of Parliament for Avon, urged women to engage in politics not merely as representatives of their gender but as individuals contributing to society. Speaking at a meeting of the Wellington branch of the Women’s Electoral Lobby, she addressed the question of whether women M.P.s have a significant role in New Zealand politics. Mrs Batchelor asserted that while some women excel in political roles, others might not contribute as much, reflecting the diversity of abilities across genders. She emphasised the importance of allowing women to make their own choices, whether that meant prioritising family or pursuing a career, and highlighted that they should be afforded the necessary opportunities to do so. The discussion included input from fellow politicians, such as Miss Marilyn Waring, who reflected on the ongoing challenges women face in various societal domains, noting recent advancements aimed at improving their conditions. Of the National Party’s 39 election policies focused on women's issues, 15 had been put into practice, with others expected to follow suit by early 1977. These policies included significant legislative changes such as the Equal Pay Amendment Bill and the Matrimonial Property Bill, which were aimed at enhancing women's rights. Miss Waring expressed her enthusiasm for women holding positions of power, such as M.P.s, judges, and magistrates, while simultaneously expressing her opposition to proportional representation. She believed it was crucial for women to establish their capabilities based on individual merits rather than quotas. Conversely, Mrs Whetu Tirikatene Sullivan shared her perspective that proportional representation had served the Maori community well and argued it could also be beneficial for women. However, she remarked that achieving proportional representation for women seemed unlikely, signalling the need for alternative approaches to address their concerns within the political sphere. Overall, the meeting underscored the diverse views among women in politics regarding their role and contribution in New Zealand, as they navigated the complexities of gender, societal expectations, and legislative progress.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761204_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761204.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,218458800
4037,07,12,1976,"Restricted Laws (Press, 7 December 1976)","On 7 December 1976, a letter to the editor from P. R. H. Maling, News Media Officer for the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, addressed comments made by Mr Cosmo Jeffrey regarding the Police Offences Amendment Bill, which targets gangs. Maling disputed Jeffrey's assertion that this was the first instance in New Zealand or English law of legislation aimed at a particular societal class. Jeffrey had drawn a parallel between contemporary laws and historical discriminatory laws under Hitler, which targeted Jews and homosexuals. Maling challenged Jeffrey's claim by pointing out that laws have historically been enacted in England and New Zealand that specifically affect homosexuals, tracing back to the reign of Henry VIII. Maling highlighted that the legal treatment of homosexuals in these jurisdictions has a long-standing history, and suggested that the penalties they face, such as the confiscation of motor vehicles stipulated in the Criminal Justice Amendment (No. 2) Bill, are part of a continued trend of targeted legislation that contradicts the principles of equality before the law. Maling's letter emphasised the importance of recognising this history in the discussion about contemporary laws and their implications on specific groups within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761207_2_139_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761207.2.139.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,218718000
4746,07,12,1976,"Spy’s Wife Breaks Her Silence (Press, 7 December 1976)","Melinda Mac Lean, who was formerly married to Donald Mac Lean, one of the most infamous British spies, has broken her silence after 23 years, as reported by the ""Daily Express"" on 7 December 1976. Donald Mac Lean, a former member of the British Foreign Office, defected to the Soviet Union in 1951 alongside Guy Burgess, revealing critical Western military secrets during the height of the Cold War. Melinda, who is American-born and now 60 years old, left her husband due to his struggles with alcoholism and his known homosexuality. From 1967 to 1970, she lived in Moscow with another notorious figure, double agent Kim Philby. The interview took place in New York, where Melinda was reportedly hiding with a family member, marking her first time outside the Soviet Union since she moved there to join her husband in 1953. During her discussion with Paul Dacre of the ""Express,"" she expressed a belief that numerous falsehoods have been written about her. When asked about her choices throughout her tumultuous relationship with Donald, Melinda stated that she never considered divorce and felt a strong commitment to the decision she made in 1953 to be with him and their children. Melinda commented on her current relationship with Donald, stating they still see him frequently and that he is as content as he can be. Although she acknowledged having regrets, she did not specify what they were. In the early 1960s, there were speculations about Melinda divorcing Donald to marry a K.G.B. officer, which transitioned later into her cohabitation with Philby, who had previously alerted the Mac Leans that they were at risk of being uncovered as spies. Currently, Melinda is in the United States on an extended tourist visa that is valid until February, with no immediate plans to return to the Soviet Union. Her revelations provide a rare insight into the life of someone intertwined with notorious espionage figures during a critical and dangerous period of history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761207_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761207.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,218718000
4747,13,12,1976,"Jury Rejects Heir’s Claim Of Kidnapping (Press, 13 December 1976)","On 13 December 1976, Patrick Lynch and Dominic Byrne were acquitted of kidnapping Samuel Bronfman, heir to the Seagram liquor fortune, while Lynch was convicted of grand larceny. The case revolved around the allegations that Bronfman had staged his own kidnapping in August 1975 for personal reasons, possibly to cover up a homosexual relationship with Lynch, a 38-year-old fireman. During a press conference, Bronfman expressed his shock at the verdict, stating, ""It’s a pretty sad system when a guy gets kidnapped, the kidnappers are caught red-handed and they get off."" Following the verdict, two jurors shared their belief that Bronfman had masterminded his abduction, but they refrained from confirming whether they accepted Lynch’s claim of a prior relationship with Bronfman. The defence contended that Lynch was coerced into participating in the extortion plot due to the threat of being outed as a homosexual within the Fire Department. Lynch's lawyer indicated plans to appeal the grand larceny conviction, while Byrne’s lawyer remained undecided pending sentencing. The jurors noted several factors influencing their decision. They found it compelling that Bronfman's voice on the tapes he sent to his father during his supposed captivity did not indicate he was under duress. Additionally, the materials used to bind Bronfman—a piece of venetian-blind cord and drapery rope—were deemed insufficiently sturdy, having come apart in the jury room. The bottom part of the blindfold was described as a “flap” that could easily be lifted. Although a .38 caliber revolver was found with the ransom money, a juror remarked on the unusual appearance of the weapon, stating that it initially seemed more like a .45. The jury's deliberations reflected doubts about the authenticity of Bronfman’s reported experience during the kidnapping. The case raised questions about both the legal proceedings and the details surrounding the alleged crime, ultimately leading to a verdict that left all parties reflecting on the complexities of the situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761213_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761213.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,219236400
4748,21,12,1976,"Moyle Report Today (Press, 21 December 1976)","On 21 December 1976, Prime Minister Robert Muldoon announced that the report by Mr Justice North regarding the “Moyle affair” might be released to the public later that day. The report had been received the previous afternoon and discussed by the Cabinet. A copy was also sent to the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Rowling, who was out of Wellington at the time, prompting the government to delay the report’s publication. The document included a facsimile of the police file related to former Cabinet Minister C. J. Moyle, which Muldoon indicated would not be made public. He refrained from commenting extensively on the content of the report, stating that he could not disagree with its findings. The investigation into Moyle was initiated after Muldoon made allegations in Parliament that Moyle had been arrested by police for homosexual activities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761221_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761221.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,219927600
4749,22,12,1976,"Moyle Report Hits Party (Press, 22 December 1976)","On 22 December 1976, a significant development emerged from a Commission of Inquiry led by Sir Alfred North concerning Mr C. J. Moyle, a senior Labour Party member and former Minister of Agriculture. The inquiry investigated Mr Moyle's statements made to Parliament regarding his conduct during an incident on 17 June 1975 in Wellington, where he interacted with a plain clothes police officer in a manner that raised questions about improper behaviour. The report revealed that Mr Moyle had approached the officer while he was on patrol in an area known for undesirable activities. He asked the officer to get into his car and expressed a desire to go to his home at Oriental Parade. Sir Alfred's findings contradicted Mr Moyle's assertions to Parliament that the police were completely satisfied with his actions, asserting that such a claim could not be justified. The inquiry was prompted by the Prime Minister, Mr Muldoon, who had claimed discrepancies existed between the information found in the police file and Mr Moyle's parliamentary statements. Sir Alfred detailed the officer's account of the late-night encounter, which involved Mr Moyle's request for the officer to join him in his car. The constable, after identifying himself, warned Mr Moyle about the area's reputation and subsequently reported the incident to his superiors. Mr Moyle then sought a meeting with the head of the Wellington police, where he initially gave an explanation related to discussing homosexuality in preparation for a parliamentary debate. However, upon further questioning by the then Minister of Police, Mr M. A. Connelly, Mr Moyle was asked to clarify whether he wanted the police to investigate his claims regarding meetings with homosexuals. He opted to let the matter rest, admitting his inability to provide substantiating evidence for his initial claims. In his report, Sir Alfred condemned Mr Moyle's statements in Parliament, stating it was impossible for him to label the incident as ""a small but wholly innocent incident"" or to assert that there had been no criminal intent involved. Mr Moyle's later attempts to distance himself from the initial explanations were perceived as a reaction to the potential implications of being accused of fabricating details to Parliament. The findings deepened the challenges facing the Labour Party, which was still grappling with the aftermath of its electoral defeat in November 1975. Sir Alfred concluded that the incident had become widely known within Parliament, suggesting that Mr Moyle's situation was exacerbated by overlapping testimonies and the nature of confidentiality among police. The report indicated that the only individual with prior knowledge of the police file was Mr Connelly from the previous government, with no improper disclosures to the current administration. Sir Alfred further stated that there was no evidence that Mr Muldoon or other key figures received information from sources other than the police. He acknowledged that the situation had developed due to Mr Moyle's questionable decisions, ultimately discrediting his parliamentary conduct and the rationale behind his statements. The inquiry highlighted the potential for significant political repercussions for Mr Moyle and the Labour Party in the climate of enhanced scrutiny following the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761222_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761222.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220014000
4750,22,12,1976,"Sources Of The Information (Press, 22 December 1976)","In a statement delivered on 22 December 1976, Sir Alfred reflected on the recent controversies surrounding events involving Mr Connelly, Mr Muldoon, Mr Moyle, and Prime Minister Mr Rowling. He suggested that while Mr Connelly may have thought the issue was satisfactorily resolved, such incidents often resurface unless comprehensively discussed and addressed by key individuals, such as Mr Rowling and other Cabinet members. Sir Alfred pointed out that the clarity of information received by these officials may vary based on the sources. He recounted a significant moment from November 5, where discrepancies were reported by Mr Muldoon regarding Mr Moyle's statements in Parliament compared to the police file details. In response, Mr Rowling made a statement that did not mention that Mr Connelly had been given access to a copy of the police report. Sir Alfred speculated that Mr Rowling perhaps was not fully aware of the specifics regarding Mr Connelly's access to this report or had simply forgotten about it. Sir Alfred examined the legal framework surrounding police file access for Ministers and found no formal rules governing this. He noted that the Commissioner of Police, Mr Bumside, had discretion in deciding what information to share with Ministers concerning matters of public importance, particularly those involving ministerial conduct. In this case, Mr Bumside acted appropriately by informing the Minister as deemed necessary. He deemed Mr Bumside and Mr Walton's actions as demonstrating significant restraint during a challenging situation. Sir Alfred also indicated that the inquiry ought to enhance public understanding of the benefits derived from having a police force that operates under officers of integrity. He commented on the seriousness of the allegations made by Mr Moyle against the Prime Minister, equating them to severe accusations regarding homosexual interests made against another senior Parliament member. Sir Alfred stated that both allegations were serious and, while he refrains from adjudicating which is more damaging, he noted the significant emotional reactions it provoked. Notably, Sir Alfred expressed approval for Mr Moyle's decision to apologise to the accountancy firm implicated in his accusations after the initial remarks were made under provocation. Still, he criticised Mr Moyle's later attempt to provide a different rationale for his conduct during the incident as unwise and unlikely to succeed. These reflections highlight the complexities and sensitivities surrounding political accountability and the management of information within government structures during that period in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761222_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761222.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220014000
4751,23,12,1976,"’bad Error Of Judgment’ (Press, 23 December 1976)","On 23 December 1976, Mr Moyle, a member of the Labour Party, announced his intention to resign following consultations with his supporters. His decision came after returning from Wellington, where he spoke with the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Rowling. Mr Moyle indicated that he would submit his resignation to allow his electorate in Mangere to decide his future, acknowledging that his actions had put both himself and Mr Rowling in an uncomfortable position. Mr Moyle faced allegations related to an incident in a Wellington street where he was accused of making homosexual advances towards an undercover policeman. While he maintained his perspective on the situation, he recognized that his lack of prior communication had led to unnecessary embarrassment for his leader. He expressed regret over this misjudgment and believed resignation was the appropriate course of action. Though he had previously stated he would not resign, he clarified that he intended to continue fighting against the negative perceptions thrust upon him by the government. He conveyed a desire to remain as the representative of his constituents, contingent on their support through the selection process. He planned to meet with the Mangere Labour Representation Committee soon to discuss the resignation and its implications. Mr Moyle also shared his hope for a restful holiday after addressing his political situation. His wife, Mrs Moyle, expressed her unwavering support for her husband and acknowledged the challenges of their public life. The couple received support from friends and colleagues, including Mr P. Amos, the former MP for Manurewa, and Mr Tizard, the Deputy Leader of the Opposition. Despite feeling under pressure and ""battered"" by the circumstances, Mr Moyle reported feeling strong and healthy internally, assuring that he had no concerns regarding his well-being.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761223_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761223.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220100400
4752,23,12,1976,"Reaction (Press, 23 December 1976)","On 23 December 1976, Mr Rowling expressed his deep concern regarding recent events affecting the Labour Party, particularly in light of the North inquiry and its implications. He stated that he was upset about the consequences that had emerged from the inquiry's terms of reference and confirmed his belief that Sir Alfred North had operated within those limits. However, he remarked that Sir Alfred was not present during a crucial period in June and might not have fully understood the pressures involved. Mr Rowling raised questions about the origins of the information that had reached Mr Muldoon regarding a separate incident. He questioned the credibility of the source and Mr Muldoon's authority to make statements based on hearsay, highlighting the importance of disclosing the author of such information within parliamentary privilege discussions. He did not believe police procedures had failed, but he maintained that the source of the information warranted further investigation. Addressing a specific mention in the North report about the Moyle incident gaining traction within Parliament, Mr Rowling asserted that it was not common knowledge to him. He indicated he had only heard vague rumours floating around in Nelson, which Mr Moyle later acknowledged. He noted that he had been informed quickly by Mr Connelly after the Wellington street incident, and believed the situation had been satisfactorily explained to him at the time. While he could not recall Mr Moyle's whereabouts during the incident, he noted their long-standing professional relationship, stating that no suggestions of homosexual behaviour had been communicated to him and that everything had seemed normal. Regarding Mr Moyle's decision to contest the Mangere by-election, Mr Rowling indicated that this was the only major issue he had experienced with Mr Moyle, whom he regarded as a capable Cabinet Minister. He acknowledged that Mr Moyle had his reasons for standing up for his actions, which Rowling could partially understand, asserting that Mr Moyle, from a personal standpoint, believed he had to take this stance based on his convictions. The Mangere by-election is noteworthy as it will mark the first such election since the Muldoon Administration took office following the General Election in 1975. Mr Moyle holds the seat by a margin of 1,604 votes, making the upcoming election a significant event in the political landscape at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761223_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761223.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220100400
4753,23,12,1976,"The Press Thursday, December 23, 1976. Mr Moyle’s... (Press, 23 December 1976)","The Commission of Inquiry into the ""Moyle affair"" has concluded that there was no unauthorised access to the police report regarding an incident involving former Minister of Agriculture Mr Moyle and a police constable in Wellington in June 1975. The inquiry, led by Sir Alfred North, found no evidence of improper conduct by any police officers. Sir Alfred emphasised the significance of having a police force that operates with integrity, suggesting that the public can have confidence in its officers. However, the inquiry unveiled contradictions in Mr Moyle's account of the events, noting that he provided four different explanations. Despite Mr Moyle's assertion that these accounts do not conflict, they do appear inconsistent. The inquiry's findings imply that he may have been acting on gossip and sought to investigate alleged connections between the police and the National Party independently. When confronted by a policeman, he reportedly fabricated excuses to conceal his true intentions, and he continued this deception even while assuring Parliament of his honesty. Following the inquiry's findings, Mr Moyle's resignation was deemed inevitable, as announced by Opposition Leader Mr Rowling. If Mr Moyle stands for re-election in a by-election next year, it will offer the Labour Party's selection committee and voters in Mangere an opportunity to evaluate his conduct. Mr Moyle's claim that the affair was a tactic used by the Prime Minister to oust him from Parliament was dismissed as implausible. The inquiry highlighted a particularly contentious exchange in Parliament on November 4, where Mr Moyle and Prime Minister Mr Muldoon engaged in heated and bitter remarks. Notably, Mr Muldoon mentioned Mr Moyle's ""effeminate giggles,"" which led to a series of accusations regarding Mr Moyle's character. The inquiry also addressed the overall standard of parliamentary debate, stating that the level of discourse had deteriorated significantly. Sir Alfred specifically noted the appalling nature of the exchanges, finding Mr Muldoon often to be a particularly poor example of taste and decorum. He suggested that members of Parliament must take responsibility for restoring civility in their discussions. Furthermore, the inquiry recommended a need for better clarity regarding the responsibilities of the Minister of Police when incidents involving Parliament members are reported. It noted that Minster Mr Connelly acted appropriately by informing the Prime Minister about the incident but fell short in ensuring comprehensive communication about its developments. In summary, while the inquiry cleared the police of wrongdoing, it exacerbated public distrust in Mr Moyle due to his inconsistent accounts, leading to his resignation and calls for improved parliamentary conduct and clearer protocols for ministerial responsibilities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761223_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761223.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220100400
4755,24,12,1976,"The Moyle Affair (Press, 24 December 1976)","In a letter to the editor published on 24 December 1976, J. G. Jones expresses deep concern regarding the implications of the recently released Moyle Report, which focuses on allegations of homosexual activities involving Colin Moyle, a former senior Cabinet minister, and other members of the Labour Party. Jones reflects on the broader social issues tied to such allegations, suggesting that the government, which includes Moyle and another minister, Mr O’Brien, has failed to reform laws concerning homosexuality despite ongoing controversies. Notably, both Moyle and O’Brien have denied being homosexual. Jones critiques the disparity between the perception of New Zealand as “farsighted, intelligent, liberal” and its actual treatment and understanding of sexual orientation. He urges for a societal shift in recognising the complexity of human sexuality, positing that the rigid classifications of individuals into 'homosexual' and 'heterosexual' categories may not represent the truth of human experiences. Instead, Jones proposes that the suppression of same-sex relationships and the societal stigma attached to them could be regarded as a significant social tragedy. He calls for a re-evaluation of these issues in order to foster greater acceptance and understanding of sexual diversity within New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761224_2_105_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761224.2.105.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220186800
4754,24,12,1976,"What Was That Policeman Up To? (Press, 24 December 1976)","The report concerning the ""Moyle incident"" indicates that the police are not primarily at fault for leaking information; however, it raises serious concerns about police practices, particularly regarding the potential entrapment of homosexuals in Wellington. The incident dates back to June 1975 and involves allegations of undercover police actions that led to incriminating situations for individuals engaging in homosexual behaviour. Entrapment occurs when law enforcement officers, disguised as potential offenders, lure individuals into committing crimes without prior intent. This issue gained attention in the United States earlier in 1976, highlighted by a case involving Representative Allan Howe who was accused of soliciting after encountering undercover police officers posing as prostitutes. The case sparked debate over whether such individuals are “unwary innocents” or “unwary criminals” influenced by the presence of decoys. While courts in the U.S. have largely accepted the use of undercover agents for drug offences, civil liberties advocates question the morality of the state orchestrating criminal acts only to prosecute those who engage in them. In New Zealand, undercover policing has become a norm, particularly in drug-related crimes, brothels, and sexual offences. However, cases like the recent Auckland decision by Justice Mahon, where a defendant was discharged because the undercover officer actively encouraged drug sales, reveal the controversial nature of such policing tactics. This ruling echoes a 1932 U.S. Supreme Court decision that suggested a government instigating a crime to enforce laws was fundamentally flawed. The article strongly critiques the application of entrapment in cases involving victimless crimes like homosexuality, arguing that employing undercover operations for such offences lacks justification and can add unnecessary pressure on individuals who are already socially marginalized. Instead of engaging in deceptive practices to secure arrests, police could adopt more straightforward methods to alleviate public nuisances related to prostitution and homosexual activity. The commentary suggests a need for the New Zealand police to clarify the objectives and operations of their teams, particularly in light of public scrutiny following the Moyle affair. Should the police unit be found to engage in the entrapment of homosexuals, it could face significant criticism, raising ethical concerns about the policing of private, consensual behaviour that does not harm the public. Additionally, the article touches upon other news, reporting that the arrest of the leader of the Spanish Communist Party has garnered international attention amid Spain's potential reformations. It also notes that legislation aimed at reducing sex discrimination in Britain will soon mark its first anniversary, though its impacts remain a matter of concern for women. Lastly, in agricultural news, New Zealand may approach self-sufficiency in wheat production next year, despite recent unseasonable weather affecting harvest times.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761224_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761224.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220186800
7017,28,12,1976,"Acne Reigns Supreme (Press, 28 December 1976)","Basil Acne has been crowned the new Canterbury swingles champion following his victory in the grand final held at the Chunder Brewery. In this match, he faced off against a formidable opponent, Harry Halfcut, who is notable for his previous performance in the one-legged hurdles at the Fendalton Flower Show in 1922, where he finished eighth. Swingles is a relatively new sport that combines elements of tennis with a social drinking aspect, attracting considerable interest, which resulted in the completion of the 1975 championships only this month due to a high number of entries. The competition saw various breweries across the city host elimination rounds, supported by sponsorship from a popular venue, the Moon and Brassiere. However, the championships were marred by the negative reactions of some eliminated players, who displayed unruly behaviour that included incidents of burning, pillaging, and sexual violence as they moved towards the square after their defeats. Basil Acne, described as a bronzed hairdresser from Bexley, owns a Rolls-Royce and has interests that include water skiing on Lake Victoria and operating a call girl ring in his spare time. His opponent, Harry Halfcut, is an eminent surgeon from Annat Infirmary and is reportedly considering a sex change. During the match, Acne held a narrow lead of 7-5 after the racket exchanges. However, as cocktails were introduced into the contest, he began to pull ahead, while Halfcut struggled and was often sick in a corner. The prizegiving ceremony was overseen by Colonel Puilthrough, the club's patron, and was attended by a significant crowd, including the notable Martin Borman. In his address, which was met with enthusiastic applause, Colonel Puilthrough acknowledged the high level of play during the tournament and made humorous remarks regarding the colour of the balls used in the games. During the event, Basil Acne also entertained the audience with a display of vegetarianism. The festivities included a parade of floats themed around swingles, which received a warm reception from spectators, and local produce stalls raised a modest amount of 43 cents. In a positive note, police reported only one arrest during the entire event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761228_2_85_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761228.2.85.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220532400
4756,28,12,1976,"San Francisco’s Golden Days Slip Away (Press, 28 December 1976)","In a reflection on the changing landscape of San Francisco, T.D. Allman, writing for the Guardian on 28 December 1976, describes the city as one in the grip of discontent and decline. Once celebrated for its vibrancy and innovation, San Francisco is portrayed as having lost its way, transitioning from a cultural beacon to a provincial backwater over the past decade. The city, known for its beauty and progressive spirit, has succumbed to a sense of stagnation and a rise in violent crime, surpassing rates in cities like New York and Los Angeles. Notable incidents such as the Zebra killings and violent actions from the Symbionese Liberation Army highlight the city's turbulent atmosphere. Allman notes the city's dissatisfaction with its political culture, illustrated by a bitter transport strike and the impeachment of a pro-labour official. The pride that once characterised San Francisco seems overshadowed by self-absorbed narcissism, where the revival of historic sites and social spaces such as Ghirardelli Square is viewed with superficial appreciation. Despite the presence of alternative lifestyles, these seem to have run their course, leading to a sense of cultural despair among the locals. The article indicates that the city's once-thriving artistic community has dwindled, replaced by individuals who merely adopt an 'artistic lifestyle' without contributing genuine creativity. Allman argues that this decline is evident in the gay community, which, while celebrated for its visibility, has largely been reduced to stereotypes, preventing true integration into the city’s fabric. Elections have further highlighted the disarray, with debates centring around Proposition T, which sought to change the electoral processes of the Board of Supervisors. This proposal became a referendum on the city’s identity, reflecting a growing division among its inhabitants. A surprising majority approved Proposition T, raising concerns about future power dynamics in city governance and the evolving identity of San Francisco. Allman laments the departure of “Rolling Stone” magazine's editor Jann Wenner to New York, perceiving it as a stark indicator of the city's fading cultural relevance. San Francisco, once touted as the “Athens of the Sunbelt,” now faces an identity crisis that threatens its artistic and cultural legacy. The piece concludes with a sense of melancholy, portraying San Francisco as a once-golden city now struggling to reclaim its former glory amidst clichés and entrenched divisions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761228_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761228.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220532400
4038,29,12,1976,"Gay Anger At Comparison (Press, 29 December 1976)","On 29 December 1976, P. R. H. Maling, co-ordinator of the Gay Liberation Front in New Zealand, spoke out against the comparison of homosexual interests to dishonest practices, which he claimed reflects a lack of maturity and intelligence among many New Zealanders. His comments were prompted by two reports published in the previous week's edition of ""The Press."" One report by Professor G. D. Willson from the London Institute of Psychiatry praised New Zealand for its intelligent and progressive perspective on life, noting that the country had adopted the best practices from Britain and the United States. Conversely, Sir Alfred North, in his analysis of the Moyle affair, remarked on the gravity of accusing a senior member of Parliament of homosexual interests and alleging involvement in dishonest business practices. He indicated that given the contemporary climate, he saw no reason to determine which allegation could be deemed more harmful. Maling responded by pointing out that despite the passage of 19 years since the Wolfenden report, which recommended the decriminalisation of consensual homosexual acts between adults, such acts remained illegal in New Zealand. He highlighted that Parliament had rejected a law reform bill the previous year, a decision that the Indecent Publications Tribunal subsequently cited to classify books containing homosexual themes as indecent. He argued that contrary to Professor Willson's claims, New Zealand had not adequately embraced the advancements made in other countries. Maling noted that the UK had reformed its anti-homosexual laws nine years prior, and many states in the United States were also making significant progress in reforming their laws. He pointed out that Australia had advanced further than New Zealand in these areas. Maling concluded that New Zealand was lagging behind other Western nations, emphasizing that its current stance on homosexual rights was regressive and a significant setback for personal liberty.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761229_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761229.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220618800
6600,31,12,1976,"'Penthouse’ Gets Clearance (Press, 31 December 1976)","The Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand recently reviewed two editions of the American magazine ""Penthouse"" from February and July 1976, deeming them ""at the limit of acceptance."" This decision was announced on 31 December 1976. The tribunal observed that the magazines featured a heightened focus on photographs that highlighted female genitalia, which marked a notable change from previous editions. Additionally, one issue contained a series of images depicting a ""fantastically"" sadistic and lesbian scenario. Despite these changes, the tribunal concluded that the magazines should not have their distribution restricted, affirming that they are considered indecent only for individuals under the age of 18. The Customs Department had submitted these particular issues for the tribunal's consideration, and the hearing took place in Wellington in October. This was the sixth time ""Penthouse"" issues had been brought before the tribunal. The tribunal remarked on the difference in standards between the English and American versions of the magazine, noting that the English editions typically fell into the category of indecency, while the American editions were viewed as suitable for those over 18 years old. The tribunal's ruling reflects a continued engagement with the complex issues surrounding publication standards and societal norms regarding adult content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19761231_2_149.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19761231.2.149,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,220791600
4757,03,01,1977,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 3 January 1977)","On 3 January 1977, several letters published in a New Zealand newspaper addressed various societal issues, demonstrating diverse opinions on topics such as energy consumption, television programming, political accountability, and South African apartheid. In a letter addressing the impending energy crisis, Ted Hicks discussed the need for the public to adapt to reduced mobility as oil and coal supplies dwindle. He suggested that people should embrace static living to prepare for a future without easy access to fuel. R. I. Gale expressed discontent with the quality of television programming offered by TVI, advocating for licence rebates for areas lacking access to the second channel. The controversial resignation of Colin Moyle from Parliament sparked a debate about the treatment of allegations related to homosexuality versus heterosexual misconduct among politicians. Various correspondents, including B. Roberts and M. Moore, highlighted perceived inequalities in how political figures were held accountable for misleading statements. They argued that if Moyle's resignation was warranted, then many other politicians should also resign for similar reasons. Turning to international politics, several letters discussed the situation in South Africa, particularly concerning the policy of separate development. C. G. Marshall and A. C. R. Elderton defended the stance of some religious leaders who did not support criticisms of apartheid, suggesting that living conditions for blacks in South Africa were superior compared to those in war-torn African nations. G. H. Bradshaw praised Major Bridge, a figure who worked closely with disadvantaged communities in South Africa, arguing that his experiences should guide opinions on the country's political situation. Harvey Foss applauded the Heathcote County Council's efforts against a beverage company’s decision regarding non-returnable bottles, condemning the company for its perceived irresponsibility. Lastly, Varian J. Wilson asserted that discussions around drink-driving were skewed, suggesting that statistics used by authorities could be misleading and calling for a focus on improving overall driving standards rather than solely targeting alcohol consumption. These letters reflect a range of grievances and suggestions from the public, highlighting concerns about energy management, political ethics, media quality, and social justice both within New Zealand and abroad.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770103_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770103.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,221050800
6874,11,01,1977,"Magistrate’s Court Gang Member Admits Picton... (Press, 11 January 1977)","Three members of the Hampshire Street Gang appeared in the Magistrate’s Court on 10 January 1977 due to charges arising from a disturbance in Picton during the Christmas holiday period. Terry Wayne Te Koeti was charged with using obscene language and assaulting a police constable, and he was remanded until 18 January. John David Shaw faced charges of disorderly behaviour and resisting a constable, also remanded to the same date. Meanwhile, Steven Edwin Herbert, 19, was convicted and fined $75 for obstructing a constable during the incident, where he interfered as police attempted to arrest gang members on 27 December. Sergeant A. R. Bleakley noted that Herbert disrupted the police's ability to call for backup and protested against police actions. Herbert denied grabbing the officer's radio microphone but was told by the magistrate, Mr H. J. Evans, that a fine was warranted. In a separate case, a navy Chief Petty Officer, whose name was withheld, was discharged without conviction after being charged with assaulting a taxi driver during a disagreement over fares. The officer had been drinking before the altercation which involved an attempt to remove the driver from the vehicle. His legal representative argued that the incident was not typical of “taxi-driver bashing,” and given the officer’s clean record and impending retirement, the charges could have been avoided with better judgement from the driver. Glenn Raymond Larson, 24, admitted involvement in 13 burglaries valued at over $7,000, including a Kawasaki 500 motorcycle worth $1,800. He was convicted and remanded to 18 January for sentencing and is required to pay compensation of $3,755. Larson had broken into various sites between October and November 1976, stealing numerous items including car parts and watches, and was apprehended by police at a hotel. Kevin Graham Archibold, a 28-year-old man described as a transvestite, was fined $25 for stealing $87 in cash. Archibold had met a complainant at a hotel and later, after spending the night together, the complainant found money missing from his wallet which had been hidden under a mattress. Archibold denied the theft, and circumstances around the incident were addressed in court. Additionally, 18-year-old Ross James Cook was sentenced after assaulting a traffic officer and damaging his patrol vehicle. Cook received a year's probation, was ordered to pay $97 in restitution, and complete 50 hours of community service. Rex William Richard Davey, 21, was remanded to 17 February on two charges of selling heroin to a police officer in early December and possessing cannabis for sale. Lastly, 17-year-old Brian John Wealleans, who had escaped from Addington Prison in November, was remanded to 18 January for sentencing on charges of escaping lawful custody and unlawful assembly, alongside other pending charges related to these actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770111_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770111.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,221742000
6601,14,01,1977,"Murdoch’s Power In American Journalism (Press, 14 January 1977)","On 14 January 1977, reports emerged about Rupert Murdoch's aggressive takeover of significant New York publications, marking a pivotal moment in the city's journalism landscape. Murdoch, an Australian media magnate, had previously established himself as a formidable figure in journalism and had recently acquired the ""New York Magazine"" group shortly after becoming publisher of the “Post,” New York’s sole afternoon newspaper. He announced ambitious plans to rejuvenate the ""Post,"" aiming to boost its circulation to one million. As part of his acquisitions, Murdoch gained control of ""New York Magazine"" and its affiliated publication, the ""Village Voice."" The existing publisher, Clay Felker, ended a tumultuous battle with Murdoch by selling his 10 per cent stake in the magazine group, a share valued at approximately NZD 1.3 million. Having founded ""New York Magazine,"" Felker indicated he would launch new publications but would not directly compete with Murdoch’s media empire. The takeover was fiercely contested, with critics relying on public opposition rather than financial power to fight back. Some employees at ""New York Magazine"" and its California counterpart ""New West"" even staged strikes against Murdoch's takeover, but ultimately, his financial resources prevailed. Critics expressed concerns that Murdoch might lower the quality of editorial content, fearing a decline in journalistic standards reminiscent of some of his existing publications, like London's “Sun.” Though ""New York Magazine,"" the ""Village Voice,"" and ""New West"" had previously taken bold stances on issues including sexuality, some writers were apprehensive about the potential changes under Murdoch's leadership. Despite such concerns, Murdoch’s acquisition of these publications positioned him as a major influence in American journalism almost overnight. At just 45 years old, Rupert Murdoch had already established a notable publishing empire, having moved from his beginnings in Australia to successful ventures in Britain, including the purchase of the ""News of the World"" and the transformation of the ""Sun."" After achieving success in the UK, he turned his sights to the United States, where he launched the “Star” and acquired two newspapers in San Antonio, Texas, implementing a successful formula focused on sensationalism. The dynamics of the New York journalism scene were about to change significantly with Murdoch's influence looming large. His ambition and approach invoked strong reactions among journalistic professionals, igniting debates over the future of quality journalism in the face of commercial pressures. The landscape had been altered, but with Murdoch’s track record, it remained to be seen how his editorial vision would reshape the publications under his control.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770114_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770114.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,222001200
4758,14,01,1977,"Protest Against Lesbian Priest (Press, 14 January 1977)","On 14 January 1977, Reverend Mathew Calder, a vicar from Wellington and the eighth generation of his family in the Anglican Church, expressed his concerns regarding the ordination of an openly lesbian priest in the Episcopal Church of the United States through an open letter addressed to the Bishop of New York. In his letter, Calder articulated that his motivation for writing was not anger but sorrow and shame, aimed at bringing attention to what he perceives as a growing madness infecting the Church. Calder highlighted the difficulty of being a priest in a changing world, suggesting that the ordination of a lesbian priest compromises the integrity of the Church. He questioned how such an act could advance the mission of Christ and argued that it risks alienating reasonable individuals from the Church, as well as those who are in need of its ministry. He raised concerns that future female candidates for the priesthood may also be scrutinised due to this precedent. While the Rev. Calder refrained from passing personal judgement on the individual being ordained, he posed a challenging question about the implications of confessing sins regarding homosexual behaviour in the context of a priest’s authority and moral standing. He acknowledged Church doctrine that the unworthiness of a minister does not affect the validity of the sacrament; however, he questioned who would choose to receive Holy Communion from a priest whose lifestyle he regarded as contrary to Church teachings. In concluding his letter, Calder expressed that the heartache brought to the community by the bishop's decision was far greater than the issues related to the new priestess, noting a distinction between the challenges faced by the priestess and the choice the bishop had in accepting her as a candidate. He called for discernment in the selection of candidates for the priesthood, ultimately urging the bishop to reflect on where the line might be drawn in accepting candidates for such a sacred vocation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770114_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770114.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,222001200
7779,18,01,1977,"Redrawing Of Boundaries Called Radical (Press, 18 January 1977)","On 18 January 1977, the Representation Commission announced significant boundary changes for New Zealand's general electorates, leading to a political landscape that has been described by party leaders as ""radical,"" ""staggering,"" and ""unprecedented."" As a result, more than a third of the new electorates have been classified as marginal. The changes include the creation of five new electorates in the North Island and the disappearance of several traditional electorates, leaving a total of 30 electorates, many of which have new names. Wellington, despite not gaining new electorates, has experienced a shift in its political nomenclature, with well-known electorates like Karori, Hutt, and Petone being replaced by Ohariu, Taita, and Pencarrow. The Labour MP for Hutt, T. J. Young, expressed concern about the loss of his electorate, particularly since Hutt had been historically held by Sir Walter Nash. However, he feels confident about competing in the new Taita electorate, which is expected to lean Labour. In contrast, the president of the National Party, G. A. Chapman, sees room for improvement in how the changes were enacted but has no immediate plans to appeal the decision. He emphasised the need for thorough restructuring of the party's organisational approach to align with the new boundaries. Chapman noted that the selection of national candidates would follow a similar timeline as in previous elections, spanning from September 1977 to June 1978, with a strategic focus on campaigning throughout 1977 and 1978. The alterations in the South Island have also raised concerns, even though the total number of electorates remains at 25. Chapman pointed out the challenge presented by the increasing size of rural electorates, especially in the South Island, which could pose difficulties in service delivery. Specifically, he highlighted the new Otago electorate as the largest in the country, advocating for a more balanced mix of urban and rural representation. The political dynamics are expected to shift significantly as many local identities are lost, with the potential for 30 or more marginal seats resulting from the altered voting patterns. The new boundaries are set to apply for the upcoming 1978 and 1981 General Elections, before another change occurs before the 1984 elections. Miss Marilyn Waring, New Zealand's youngest MP, has found herself in a challenging position due to the boundary adjustments. Her rural Raglan seat has been eliminated, leaving her to compete for the new Waipa seat, which incorporates areas from her previous electorate. Compounding her difficulties, Waring is losing crucial support from her former Raglan electorate executive, with only one member remaining within the new Waipa boundaries. Overall, the revelation of these changes has resulted in a sense of confusion and concern among political members and communities across New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770118_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770118.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,222346800
4759,22,01,1977,"Sex Problems Loom For Party Managers (Press, 22 January 1977)","A political controversy is brewing ahead of the upcoming General Election, which is less than two years away, potentially affecting the future of various sitting members of Parliament in New Zealand. In recent months, allegations of irregular sexual behaviour have surfaced against three MPs. While no formal charges have been substantiated through court action, these allegations raise concerns for many potential voters regarding the integrity of the members involved. Both political parties have shown support for the accused members, yet the looming election intensifies the scrutiny of their private lives. The Labour Party is currently navigating this delicate situation, particularly in light of the resignation of former Minister of Agriculture, C. J. Moyle, who intends to seek the Labour candidacy for the Mangere electorate in the upcoming by-election. Moyle made headlines after being accused of engaging in homosexual activities, which he denied in a personal statement to Parliament. An investigation led by distinguished jurist Sir Alfred North revealed that Moyle had provided three inconsistent explanations regarding an incident from June 1975, prompting criticism from various political figures, including then-Prime Minister and current Leader of the Opposition, Mr Rowling. As Moyle prepares to contest the Mangere seat, concerns linger within the Labour Party about the implications of his candidacy. While he possesses considerable support from local party members, Labour officials at the national headquarters are apprehensive about the potential fallout from the allegations just months before the nominations deadline, set for 10 February 1977. There is speculation that Moyle may have been discreetly urged to reconsider his nomination, and many within the party are anxiously awaiting guidance on how to proceed. In this charged environment, Mr Rowling has recently been reaffirmed as Labour’s leader, marking a pivotal moment for the party as it seeks to resolve the Mangere situation quickly. His leadership is seen as critical to navigating the political landscape and addressing the broader implications of the allegations against Moyle and other party members. With the next General Election approaching, the Labour Party faces a significant test of its values and principles, determining whether it can support candidates whose private lives are under question. The resolution of Moyle’s candidacy and how the party chooses to move forward may influence not only the Mangere by-election but also the overall public perception and electoral success of the Labour Party in 1978.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770122_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770122.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,222692400
4760,31,01,1977,"Strong Programmes In Line For Television One (Press, 31 January 1977)","On 31 January 1977, the television programme “The Naked Civil Servant” is set to premiere on TV1. This acclaimed British production is a biographical portrayal of Quentin Crisp, a self-identified homosexual, and stars actor John Hurt, whose performance garnered him the Actor of the Year Award. The film, based on Crisp's autobiography, highlights his decision to embrace an open lifestyle in his early twenties without concealing his sexual identity. The production has received critical acclaim, winning both the Prix Italia and an Emmy Award. Des Monaghan, the programme controller for TV1, described the production as ""quite the funniest yet, one of the saddest productions I have seen.” Viewer surveys in Britain showed that the audience largely responded with sympathy and appreciation rather than shock. Additionally, TV1 will feature other popular programs, including the BBC comedy series “Fawlty Towers,” starring John Cleese, which revolves around Basil Fawlty, a remarkably incompetent hotel manager. The show will air six episodes over six weeks on Thursday evenings. Another new political drama series from Thames, “Bill Brand,” will also debut soon, depicting a young man navigating motivational pressures as he vies for the Labour candidacy in a competitive Manchester constituency. Furthermore, TV1 will begin screening the American series “Charlie’s Angels,” which focuses on the crime-fighting escapades of three female protagonists. The successful series “Moynihan” is returning with a second season, emphasising character development, and features local actress Judi Douglass. A new Western titled “The Quest” is scheduled to start, which is described as “very gutsy” and began airing in the United States in September 1976. As it stands, the programming landscape includes a variety of genres, highlighting TV1's commitment to diverse and adult-oriented content in its afternoon schedule, with fewer children's shows. A new soap opera, “Rooms,” set in a West London boarding house, is set to air twice a week, alongside the revival of the iconic series “Peyton Place” in a special treatment with a backdrop in sepia tones. Other future programming includes repeats of shows like “Family at War,” and “War and Peace,” as well as a new BBC series “When the Boat Comes In,” slated for Sunday evenings. Guests of the previously airing Max Cryer Show will be replaced by a new Auckland-based show hosted by Vai Lamond and Ray Woolf, though an exact starting date has yet to be determined. Local producers have been invited to pitch quiz show pilots, and “The Bag” will continue with Selwyn Toogood. Future plans include the revival of “The Entertainers” and the introduction of “Ready to Roll” on Fridays.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770131_2_120.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770131.2.120,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,223470000
4761,03,02,1977,"Normal Sex Life Urged For Prisoners (Press, 3 February 1977)","On 3 February 1977, Professor L. Carmichael, a visiting academic from the University of Miami Medical School, delivered a compelling message in Christchurch regarding the importance of allowing individuals in institutions, including prisons and care facilities, to engage in normal sexual activity. Professor Carmichael, who holds a chair in family medicine, argued that denying people a healthy sexual outlet could lead to significant psychological issues and societal hypocrisy surrounding sexual matters. During his visit, he was invited to conduct a series of seminars on human sexuality in major New Zealand cities, including Wellington, Dunedin, and Auckland, under the auspices of the Federation of Post-graduate Medicine. Professor Carmichael emphasised that everyone has the right to participate in responsible sexual activity, defined as consensual sex between adults. He suggested that the legal age of consent could be harmonised with the age at which individuals are deemed responsible enough to drive, underscoring the importance of responsible behaviour in both contexts. In particular, he highlighted the plight of individuals in prisons, asserting that while they should lose their freedom as a form of punishment, they should not be deprived of legitimate sexual expression. This deprivation can lead to severe behavioural issues, including increased incidence of violence and extremely concerning phenomena such as homosexual rape within the prison system in the United States. Moreover, Professor Carmichael pointed out that the physically disabled individuals living in institutions also require provisions for a normal sex life. He considered it vital for caregivers and those involved in the rehabilitation of disabled people to recognise their right to sexual expression. He insisted that sexual rehabilitation should be a critical component of the overall rehabilitation process, as health encompasses sexual competence. When individuals are stripped of this right, it interferes with their overall health and well-being, potentially leading to problems like depression and aggression. Through his statements, Professor Carmichael underscored the essential role that healthy sexual relationships play in personal dignity and mental health, advocating for societal changes to ensure that these rights are recognised and upheld for all individuals, regardless of their circumstances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770203_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770203.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,223729200
4762,03,02,1977,"Television Manages An Adult Study (Press, 3 February 1977)","On 3 February 1977, D. McKenzie provided a review of Thames Television's broadcast of ""The Naked Civil Servant,"" a portrayal of the homosexual life that was noted for its matter-of-fact and unemotional presentation. The programme, which aired on TVI, straddled the line between being suitable for children and providing a documentary feel akin to cinema, suggesting it might not require young viewers to be sent to bed early. McKenzie compared the content to traditional children's entertainment, indicating that the themes explored were more mature, yet still accessible. The reviewer highlighted the rarity of seeing same-sex affection on screen, referencing past films that touched on similar themes. While the programme was deemed fascinating, it was not described as enthralling. It was a story of courage and determination centred around the life of Quentin Crisp, whose challenges were vividly portrayed. McKenzie noted a humorous moment in the programme, where Crisp's attempt to enlist in the army during World War II resulted in disbelief at the recruitment centre that was so absurd it could fit into a ""Monty Python"" sketch. In contrast, McKenzie also reflected on another series, ""Close to Home,"" which had undergone significant changes, noting improvements in direction and camera work. However, it still faced issues with storytelling, leading to a lack of memorable narratives. The review pointed out that the actors seemed hesitant to fully express themselves, likening the series to a training ground for performers. The episode reviewed involved a hostage situation, which was not new for television, having been addressed multiple times in the previous year. Lastly, McKenzie touched on the series ""Moynihan,"" suggesting that while it faced fewer challenges regarding originality, it did not captivate its audience either. The reviewer concluded with a note on viewer prejudice, questioning the impact on audiences who might refuse to watch a particular actor due to personal biases. This sentiment highlighted a broader issue concerning audience reception and acceptance of diverse representations in media at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770203_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770203.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,223729200
4763,10,02,1977,"The Press Thursday, February 10, 1977. Prisons: A... (Press, 10 February 1977)","On 10 February 1977, a discussion emerged in The Press regarding the role of sexual relationships within the prison system, highlighting an alternative perspective on incarceration. Traditionally, imprisonment has entailed the exclusion of sexual relationships, a practice presumed to serve the penal system’s goals. However, some experts argue that depriving prisoners of normal sexual relationships may lead to negative psychological effects, contributing to unstable and irrational behaviour upon their return to society. The commentary notes that while society expects prisons to rehabilitate offenders, the current practices may fall short. The reinstatement of those with a background of sexual frustration into civilian life can lead to further problems. The prevalence of illicit homosexual relationships in some institutions complicates the rehabilitation process and does not serve the interests of all inmates. Internationally, there have been more progressive approaches, particularly in Scandinavian countries, where certain correctional facilities allow inmates to spend brief periods with their families, especially before release. This starkly contrasts with the reports from local MPs, such as Mr N. P. H. Jones, who recounted witnessing inappropriate behaviour during prison inspections. Jones’s observations raise concerns about prison regulations and the need for the authorities to maintain order and decency in interactions between inmates and visitors. The article suggests that instead of merely reacting to isolated incidents, a broader reconsideration of the role of sexual relationships in prisons might be warranted. Proposals include creating designated areas for consensual sexual activity under proper conditions, which could help address the natural human needs of inmates while integrating rehabilitation goals. The commentary questions who would have access to such facilities, addressing the needs of different sexual orientations and the implications of encouraging adulterous relationships. It also raises concerns about fairness and potential sources of conflict among prisoners, as some may have partners who are willing to visit while others do not. There's a recognition that the prison system cannot facilitate relationships for inmates inappropriately. The piece suggests that while considering these changes, it is crucial to involve professionals within the Justice Department and experienced prison psychologists to evaluate potential consequences carefully. The emphasis remains on ensuring that any adaptations serve the broader interest of the community rather than simply improving the comforts of prison life. The ultimate aim should be the successful rehabilitation of offenders, moving beyond mere comforts to foster reintegration into society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770210_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770210.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,224334000
6875,12,02,1977,"Life This Side Of Darkness (Press, 12 February 1977)","The review discusses ""The Poisoned Kiss and Other Stories from the Portuguese,"" a collection of tales by Joyce Carol Oates published by Golancz in 1977. Oates introduces an intriguing concept in her ""Afterword,"" explaining that she felt possessed by a foreign literary presence, which she refers to as ""Fernandes."" This alter ego inspired her to create a series of narratives markedly different from her previous work, set in what she describes as “Portugal.” This narrative origin may be perceived as a fictional device, echoing literary figures like Borges and Nabokov, and it helps to frame the distinctive tone of the stories. The stories evoke a dark, medieval atmosphere filled with themes of violence, mystery, and the supernatural, diverging sharply from Oates's usual American setting. They explore the irrational aspects of human existence, incorporating elements of miracles and superstitions that blend with dreams and obsessions. Many tales are concise, creating vivid imagery that captures the inexplicable nature of life. For instance, ""Two Young Men"" serves as a parable about loneliness, while “The Enchanted Piano” presents an enigmatic presence behind a piano player, blurring the line between reality and projection. The review highlights the characters’ struggles with their psyche, often manifesting through dual identities, as seen in ""The Seduction."" In ""The Cruel Master,"" the dreamlike quality of a nightmarish experience challenges the boundaries of reality. Oates employs a satirical tone in stories like “Plagiarised Material,” where a writer who has drawn from others’ works becomes an unwitting victim of his own actions. The narratives primarily unfold from the perspectives of the central characters, showcasing Oates’s exceptional ability to depict disturbed and obsessed states of mind. Her sharp and economical language builds tension quickly, painting intense emotional landscapes without melodrama, as exemplified in tales like “The Secret Mirror” and “The Maimed.” The reviewer acknowledges Oates’s considerable literary talents and sophistication, though she notes that her intense self-consciousness may not appeal to all readers. While the collection is an interesting literary exercise, Caffin warns against taking the accompanying presentation too seriously. Overall, the review positions Oates's work as thought-provoking and artistically significant, even if her signature style may lack a broader charm and humour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770212_2_119_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770212.2.119.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,224506800
7780,14,02,1977,"'all Men Would Be Tyrants If They Could’ (Press, 14 February 1977)","An article published on 14 February 1977 highlights the ongoing challenges regarding the representation of women in New Zealand politics despite women gaining suffrage many years prior. It references Abigail Adams' early warning about the dangers of unrestrained male power and underscores the need for women's representation in governance. In New Zealand, only four women, representing less than 5 percent of parliament members, hold seats in the legislature, which contrasts sharply with the 51 percent of women in the adult population. The article notes that only 15 women have served in Parliament since suffrage was achieved, with three reaching Cabinet positions. However, no women have held significant roles in Government departments nor in the judiciary, reflecting a deep-seated gender imbalance in political representation. The barriers to women's representation are attributed mainly to party structures and the reluctance of male party officials to endorse female candidates. Women, conversely, often doubt their competence or qualifications for public office, feeling they must significantly overperform to be considered adequate in comparison to their male counterparts. The article critiques this dynamic and highlights the societal norms that discourage women from pursuing political roles, suggesting that entrenched prejudices and family responsibilities play a significant role in maintaining this imbalance. Drawing comparisons with Canadian findings on women's political status, the article concludes that progress has stagnated since women gained the vote, citing a lack of meaningful female participation in decision-making. It points out that essential discussions, such as those concerning abortion law, are predominantly male-led, which reinforces the perception of politics as a male-dominated arena. The piece echoes sentiments voiced by historical figures and feminist leaders, noting that women like Mary Anne Colclough fought for equal rights over a century ago, advocating for improved working conditions and greater autonomy in society. Yet, the article laments that many of these objectives remain unfulfilled today. It reflects on the broader implications of this inequality, asserting that genuine representation is fundamental for a government that reflects the needs and perspectives of all its citizens. Marilyn Waring, a sitting member of Parliament, is mentioned as someone who believes women provide essential and differing viewpoints that are crucial for political discourse. The upcoming United Women's Convention in Christchurch, highlighted as a pivotal opportunity for women to address their roles in politics, seeks to confront these longstanding issues and encourage greater participation from women in the public sphere.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770214_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770214.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,224679600
7781,17,02,1977,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 17 February 1977)","On 17 February 1977, a series of letters to the editor were published addressing various issues concerning taxation, sports, women's participation in politics, prescription charges, language, healthcare, and milk pricing in New Zealand. One correspondent, R. V. Shaw, expressed dissatisfaction with the tax relief system that favoured landlords while excluding owner-occupiers from claiming deductions on property maintenance expenses. Shaw argued that both categories should receive equal treatment concerning tax relief, especially considering that pensioners often struggle to maintain their properties. In a letter regarding Woodford Glen, G. R. Pawsey voiced disappointment over the inclusion of motorcycle racing at the venue, asserting that it detracted from the car racing experience. Mr R. S. Rutherford, a director of Auto Promotions, responded by highlighting the growing popularity of motorcycle racing and its integration into the event programming. The issue of women's representation in politics was debated, with S. M. Wells questioning Marilyn Waring's assertions about the male-dominated political hierarchy. Wells suggested that while women struggle to present themselves as strong candidates, capable men are plentiful. Rodney Lingard from the Labour Party Young Socialists rebutted this perspective by criticising Waring’s arguments as superficial and insisting that genuine emancipation for women requires a more profound challenge to societal structures rather than simply increasing female representation. On health-related matters, Harvey Foss reacted to a letter concerning prescription charges. He reasoned that a reconsideration of traditional home remedies could reduce the costs associated with prescriptions and health care. Meanwhile, Marlene Smith shared her positive experiences with her family doctor, emphasising the accessibility and compassion provided during a challenging time with her son’s illness. Additionally, Lorna Anker sought clarification on the crossword clue that involved the word ""dout,"" which she found to be obscure. The editor clarified that ""dout"" means to extinguish and is a legitimate term in the English language. Lastly, R. S. Clyne highlighted a discrepancy in reported milk prices, stating that the Waiau district had recently increased its price of milk to 13 cents, contrary to a claim that Kaikoura had the highest price at 11 cents. The local Milk Board manager confirmed the increase and attributed it to government cost adjustments and transport expenses. These letters reflect a range of community concerns in 1977 New Zealand, from financial and health issues to cultural and societal observations, showcasing the active engagement of citizens in public discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770217_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770217.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,224938800
4764,21,02,1977,"Homosexual Law Remit Favoured (Press, 21 February 1977)","At the first Canterbury regional conference of the Labour Party in Christchurch over the weekend, discussions surrounding homosexuality emerged as a significant and contentious topic. Delegates faced pressure from a group of young demonstrators who presented pamphlets symbolising a call for change in the Labour leadership's stance towards homosexuality. Following intense discussions and a card vote, the conference passed a remit from the Burnside branch to support legalising homosexual acts between consenting adults over the age of 20 by a margin of 66 to 36. An attempt to amend the remit to lower the age to 16, including the word ""consenting,"" was defeated by 61 votes to 39 after over an hour of debate that featured 16 speakers. The debate revealed a spectrum of opinions within the party, highlighting deep personal and religious convictions among delegates. Some argued strongly against the idea, citing morality and health concerns. Others, including Sir Terence McCombs, emphasised the need for the Labour Party to win voter support, suggesting that passing such a remit would not enhance the party’s chances of becoming the governing body. Debate participants like Mr N. Anderson argued for equality, while others like Mr D. Rowlands insisted on staying true to moral convictions regardless of political expedience. The need for change was emphasised by Dr D. Gunby, who urged the party to take bold leadership on the issue. In addition to the homosexual law reform debate, the conference also deliberated on other key issues. Delegates voted in favour of upgrading all rail passenger services and reinstating high-standard services in areas where they had been withdrawn. They discussed the urgent need for the Labour Government to consider granting corporation status to the Railways and advocated for the complete electrification of the railway system. The conference also sought the reintroduction of a maximum retail price scheme and demanded greater transparency regarding price increase applications. Delegates supported repealing laws that restrict workers' rights to withdraw labour and called for a re-evaluation of the arbitration system, stating that company books should be open for scrutiny by workers and the public. On energy policy, there was a call for a comprehensive approach, with a particular focus on domestic solar heating, while expressing opposition to current methods of nuclear power generation. The results of this conference and the remits passed will be reviewed at the national conference scheduled for May 1977. The outcome regarding immigration suggested changes to the economic criteria for Pacific Islanders entering New Zealand, with a focus on assisting agriculture and industry in the islands and providing support for family planning when requested by island governments. Overall, the discussions indicated a complex interplay of social issues and party policy that reflected the evolving landscape of New Zealand's political environment in the 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770221_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770221.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,225284400
7782,22,02,1977,"An Era Of ‘token’ Women In N.z. Politics (Press, 22 February 1977)","In an article published on 22 February 1977, Marilyn Waring, a member of Parliament for Raglan, discusses the important but often overlooked role of women in New Zealand politics. Waring begins by asserting that politics is a collective responsibility, not just the domain of those who dedicate all their time to it, encouraging everyone to engage in the political process at various levels, from voting to seeking public office. The piece highlights the historical presence of women in political activities, noting that since the establishment of the National Council of Women in Christchurch in 1896, women have sought to assert their voices in societal decision-making. Despite their involvement, women remain significantly underrepresented in official capacities. Waring cites research indicating that out of 102 statutory boards, only 210 members are women compared to 827 men, and that just 18 boards have equal female representation. Discrepancies are visible in educational institutions and legal roles, where female participation rates are disproportionately low. Waring points out that the underrepresentation of women is not always a result of explicit exclusion but often stems from ingrained societal norms that overlook women’s qualifications for important political roles. She notes the substantial disparity in success rates for women in local government elections, with only 11.9 percent of borough positions and a mere 1.7 percent in counties occupied by women following the 1974 elections. This situation is contrasted with historic instances, such as Mrs Elizabeth Yeates, who became New Zealand's first woman mayor in the 1890s. Despite the low numbers, Waring mentions an increase in female candidates and their success, particularly in certain local body elections, suggesting a potentially positive trend. However, the broader societal attitudes towards women in leadership roles reveal underlying biases; women face a significant burden when balancing public office with traditional expectations of motherhood, leading to societal scrutiny that their male counterparts do not experience. Waring calls for a necessary shift in these social attitudes, advocating for increased representation of women in political roles and encouraging them to embrace ambitions for public office. She suggests that change will come through education and greater participation in political processes. The article concludes with an appeal for governments to fully utilise the skills of all citizens, regardless of gender, stating that true equality in politics will require commitment and sacrifice from women. Waring signifies that only through proactive engagement and the encouragement of women to pursue leadership can the political landscape in New Zealand reflect a more balanced and inclusive society. The topic of women's roles in decision-making is set to be discussed further at the upcoming United Women's Convention in Christchurch in June.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770222_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770222.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,225370800
4039,22,02,1977,"Indecency Charge Defended (Press, 22 February 1977)","On 22 February 1977, a hearing was held regarding indecent publication charges against Michael Stephen Waghorne, a former editor of the Gay Liberation Front newsletter ""Aequus."" Waghorne, 33 years old and an assistant management services officer for the Department of Health, faced a charge for printing an article he purportedly had reasonable cause to think was indecent in February 1975. The case garnered attention due to the nature of the content and the implications for freedom of expression within the LGBTQ+ community. During the hearing, a ""Playboy"" article was cited as one of the exhibits. In evidence, Waghorne defended the article titled ""An Introduction to Anal Intercourse,"" arguing that it was not indecent as similar materials were widely available in shops. He pointed out that such content was accessible and socially accepted, noting that an article written by Germaine Greer in ""Playboy"" was an example of this. Waghorne's involvement with the Gay Liberation Front began while he was pursuing a master's degree at the University of Canterbury. After completing his studies, he took on the role of editor for the newsletter. He asserted that the article by Paul Harper-Maling reflected the views of a homosexual and that publishing such material was a legitimate expression, particularly as it was distributed solely to the 130 members of the Gay Liberation Front, most of whom were homosexuals. Detective Sergeant R. Powell testified that the police had received multiple complaints regarding the February edition of ""Aequus."" Crown Prosecutor Mr D. J. L. Saunders mentioned that the Indecent Publications Tribunal had previously deemed the article indecent. Thus, the responsibility rested on the defence to demonstrate that there was no immoral or mischievous intent behind its publication. Waghorne's counsel, Mr P. H. B. Hall, sought to have the charge dismissed, arguing that there were inconsistencies (duplicity) in the sections of the Indecent Publications Act listed in the charge. He also highlighted that Waghorne's name had been misspelled in a statement from the Attorney-General related to the prosecution. The Magistrate, however, ruled that both arguments were without merit, stating that the spelling of Waghorne's name was inconsequential to the case. As the hearing unfolded, it raised important questions about censorship, artistic expression, and the rights of individuals to share and access diverse viewpoints, especially in the context of the gay rights movement during the 1970s. The Magistrate reserved his decision, leaving the outcome of the case pending.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770222_2_37_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770222.2.37.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,225370800
7319,23,02,1977,"“Under The Plum Trees” ‘valuable’ Or... (Press, 23 February 1977)","The recent hearing of the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington addressed the controversial book ""Down Under! : the Plum Trees,"" characterised as an explicit sex-instruction manual. Mr H. R. Sorensen, representing the Secretary for Justice, argued that the book violated commonly accepted standards of decency and sought to have it declared indecent or inappropriate for those under 18 years old. Expert testimony was given in support of the book by a range of professionals, including a schoolteacher, a priest, a doctor, and a psychologist. The tribunal reserved its decision following an opening dominated by legal arguments regarding party status for Mr George Joseph, who was representing the parents of a boy whose photograph was included in the publication without their consent. Mr Joseph contended that the use of the photograph could lead to ridicule for the now 12-year-old boy who was only five when it was taken. While Mr Joseph and the boy's mother described the book as ""disgusting"" and expressed concerns over the potential psychological harm it could cause, Mr Alister Taylor, the book's publisher, maintained that permission was obtained from the photographer who took the photo. The tribunal chairman, Mr L. W. Greig, allowed Mr Joseph to gain full party status for the case. Mr Sorensen detailed some of the book’s content, claiming it promoted sodomy, masturbation, and homosexuality using ""disgusting language"" and even advocated illegal contraception for minors. He characterised the book as lacking any real merit—medical, legal, or scientific—and expressed worries over its availability in the general public, particularly given its price of $5.95. During the hearing, the first expert witness, Father Felix Donnelly, defended the book, asserting that its frank discussion of sexual matters was necessary for youth education despite its unorthodox approach. He acknowledged, however, that it fell short in discussing the emotional implications of sexual activity. Another witness, secondary schoolteacher Mr Robin Duff, praised the book as an impressive resource that reflects the reality of students’ conversations about sex, despite potential sensitivities around its content. Mr J. J. Shallcrass, an educator from Victoria University, suggested that the book could help bridge communication between parents and children regarding sexual health topics. He argued for the importance of providing comprehensive information to all young people, countering Mr Joseph’s claim that such discussions should only be limited to selected groups. Clinical psychologist Dr Margaret Sparrow and Dr Michael Hull also supported the book, highlighting its capacity to offer reliable information in a relatable manner for youth. They emphasized the need for education on sexual matters to be presented factually, advocating against moralistic views that may hinder understanding. The tribunal faced the complex decision of whether the book could corrupt youths, balancing its potential benefits against the expressed concerns from concerned parents and representatives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770223_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770223.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,225457200
4765,24,02,1977,"Clothes, And A Point Of View (Press, 24 February 1977)","On 24 February 1977, A.K. Grant shared reflections on the Queen's recent public appearance in Auckland, where she wore a sleeveless dress made of crepe de chine. Grant noted the fascination some may have with the Queen's attire, questioning why such detailed descriptions are often reserved for her alone. He inquired why similar attention is not given to Prime Minister Muldoon or the subjects of his controversial statements regarding police actions against homosexual activities. Grant pondered the significance of the Queen's clothing choices, suggesting that her sleeveless dress could symbolise Britain's stance on the inclusion of New Zealand dairy products in the European Economic Community. In a lighter vein, Grant discussed the debut of South Pacific Television's new series, “The New Original Wonder Woman.” He characterised the show as reminiscent of the “Batman” series, aimed at humour through the clichés of comic book storytelling. Although he acknowledged that comic strips had their appeal, he expressed doubt about their effective adaptation to television, arguing that such a transition ends up lacking the necessary sincerity. He likened the effort of creating a television series from a comic strip to building a skyscraper on a trampoline, suggesting it is an unstable foundation that undermines the narrative's integrity. Grant reflected on his fondness for comics, recalling elements of Captain Marvel and critiquing the approach of parodying these stories as fundamentally flawed. He contended that comics effectively resonate when treated with seriousness; a dismissive attitude leads to a loss of engaging content, instead fostering tedious performances. Additionally, Grant praised the television show “Van der Valk,” despite acknowledging a recurring plot device that he found tiresome. He cited the frequent scenario where the main character, Van der Valk, is interrupted during personal moments by work-related calls, leaving his partner, Arlette, feeling neglected. Grant argued that the audience has already grasped this narrative element, suggesting it applies to many professions and lives, not just those in law enforcement. He remarked that many can relate to the disruptions in personal time due to work commitments, likening it to his own experiences in his marriage. Through this commentary, Grant combined observations on royal sartorial choices, critiques of media adaptations, and reflections on personal experiences, all wrapped in a humorous and observational narrative style.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770224_2_91_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770224.2.91.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,225543600
7320,26,02,1977,"Concern About Book (Press, 26 February 1977)","A letter to the editor from J. E. Viney, the Secretary of the Concerned Parents' Association, has expressed strong opposition to the inclusion of the book “Down Under the Plum Trees” in high school curricula. Viney specifically criticises Mr Robin Duff, a teacher from Burnside High School, who was quoted as believing that the book could serve as a valuable resource for classroom teaching. The letter underscores a prevailing sentiment among many New Zealanders who advocate for the promotion of stable marriages and sound family life, in stark contrast to what Viney describes as ""filthy gutter language"" and ""pornographic pictures"" that purportedly encourage perversion and promiscuity. Viney argues that endorsing such material for educational purposes signals a troubling lack of suitability for educators to address sexual topics. The letter calls upon the Department of Education to be alarmed at Duff’s stance and urges parents to take action by advocating for regulations that would limit the availability of ""sex instruction"" materials in schools. The matter is positioned as one of urgent importance for the community, reflecting broader concerns about the influence of sexually explicit content in educational settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770226_2_97_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770226.2.97.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,225716400
7321,01,03,1977,"Concern About Book (Press, 1 March 1977)","In a response to J. E. Viney's comments published on 26 February 1977 regarding the book ""Down Under the Plum Trees,"" Robin Duff criticises the misrepresentation of his views and the implications made about the book being ""filthy"" and ""pornographic."" He stresses that there is a distinct difference between a ""teacher reference and resource"" and a ""classroom text,"" making it clear that the book is not suitable for use in classrooms as it currently stands. However, Duff defends the book by advocating for the right of readers, particularly young adults, to access information on sexuality and relationships. He argues that the book could serve as an important tool for fostering discussions between parents and their children, thus justifying its value in discussions surrounding these subjects. Additionally, M. S. Waghorn, also responding to Viney's critique, asserts that he has thoroughly read ""Down Under the Plum Trees"" rather than superficially reviewing it. He expresses concern regarding the potential harm that could arise from exaggerated accounts provided by the Concerned Parents’ Association, suggesting that their secretary formed opinions based solely on sensationalised excerpts. Waghorn questions the Association's stance on the portrayal of pregnancy, asking whether they view it as a perversion or merely a natural occurrence, thereby challenging their criteria for labeling the book negatively. Both correspondents are advocating for a more nuanced understanding of the book's content and its place in discussions on sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770301_2_128_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770301.2.128.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,225975600
7325,02,03,1977,"Concern About Book (Press, 2 March 1977)","In a series of letters published in response to the controversial book “Down Under the Plum Trees” on 2 March 1977, various viewpoints emerged regarding its appropriateness and the state of youth in New Zealand. O. R. Knowles expressed concern for young people's behaviour, arguing that if they were more innocent and sensible, New Zealand could be a paradise. Knowles noted that young people engage in premarital sex, produce illegitimate offspring, explore homosexuality, and are involved in the spread of venereal diseases. He advocated for parents to face the realities of their children's lives and communicate openly with them, without moral judgement. He praised the authors and publishers of the book for their straightforward approach and suggested that it could be beneficial for parents and teachers who are aware of its significance. In contrast, A. J. and A. A. O'Sullivan condemned the book, labelling it “foul and filthy.” They argued that it is a grave reflection of societal decline that such material was even considered for educational use. They took issue with the book's perceived endorsement of behaviour such as sodomy, masturbation, and homosexuality, suggesting that it promotes criminal conduct and questioning the capabilities of educators to teach sexuality effectively. They also called out parents for their apparent apathy towards the current state of education regarding these issues. Additionally, P. Clements, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Concerned Parents' Association, expressed discontent over the book's availability to students. Clements argued that parents should be the ones to educate their children about sex and morality, rather than allowing external influences like schools or the authors of the book to impose their values. He emphasised the importance of regulations that govern educational material regarding family life and moral education, asserting that these should protect parental rights to uphold their teachings. Clements noted that, to date, the Department of Education had not established such regulations, which has been a point of concern for parents. Overall, the letters reflected a deep divide in public opinion regarding sexual education and the appropriateness of certain materials in the classroom, highlighting tensions between traditional values and the recognition of contemporary youth issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770302_2_153_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770302.2.153.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,226062000
4040,03,03,1977,"Concern About Book (Press, 3 March 1977)","In a letter to the editor published on 3 March 1977, Pamela McClelland expresses her concerns about the book ""Down Under the Plum Trees."" She argues that it should not be used as a teaching resource in schools, suggesting that most parents would share her opposition. McClelland questions the rights of educationists and psychologists to impose their social experiments on children, highlighting a divide between those who genuinely seek solutions for social issues and those who may have vested interests, such as promoting Gay Liberation. She critiques the book for presenting homosexuality as a normal and desirable relationship, claiming that it encourages promiscuity and undermines the sanctity of sexual intercourse. McClelland warns that such influences, combined with coarse language, could adversely affect teenagers and exacerbate existing social problems. She notes the urgent need for teenagers, particularly those whose parents neglect their educational responsibilities regarding relationships, to receive solid guidance. McClelland concludes by advocating for a more responsible approach to educating young people about relationships, urging society to learn from the mistakes made in other countries to avoid repeating them.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770303_2_150_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770303.2.150.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,226148400
7169,03,03,1977,"Jury Told To Stay Calm (Press, 3 March 1977)","On 3 March 1977, the Supreme Court heard a troubling case involving an unlawful assembly and violent behaviour that occurred during an end-of-term party for sixth and seventh form students from Xavier and Sacred Heart Colleges. Ross Geoffrey Hodson, a 22-year-old unemployed man, pleaded not guilty to several charges, including being part of an unlawful assembly and assaulting Brian O'Donoghue. However, he admitted to assaulting another individual, Mark Richard Foley, on the same day. The events unfolded on 20 August 1976 when Mr and Mrs O'Donoghue hosted a party at their home on Flockton Street, St Albans, for their 16-year-old son and his friends. The parents left for a prayer meeting, returning at about 10.30 p.m. to check on their children and the situation at home. Shortly after, a group of around 25 individuals arrived at the O'Donoghue household and attempted to force entry. After being denied access, they smashed a glass panel in the front door and attempted to break down the door. Mr O'Donoghue confronted the gatecrashers, telling them they were trespassing and had not been invited. Most of the group dispersed, but a smaller group, including Hodson, remained and grew increasingly aggressive. It was claimed that Hodson, seen as the leader, instigated violence by waving a bottle and chanting a threatening phrase. During the confrontation, Mr O'Donoghue was struck on the head and knocked to the ground, where he was further assaulted. His wife, attempting to help him, was also seriously injured after being hit with an axe handle. A neighbour who came to assist was injured by a bottle thrown during the chaos. Throughout the evening, Mr O'Donoghue experienced significant injuries, requiring seven stitches in his head. In a statement made the following day, Hodson admitted to verbally abusing Mr O'Donoghue and using derogatory terms against him. Witness testimonies portrayed Hodson as being at the forefront of the group's aggression, highlighting his threatening language and behaviour. Crown prosecutor Mr S. G. Erber urged the jury to focus on the facts of the case, rather than be swayed by emotions related to the actions taken against a family within their community. Mr D. C. Fitzgibbon represented Hodson, who continued to maintain his innocence regarding the more severe charges related to the assault on Mr O'Donoghue. The jury was presented with overwhelming evidence indicating Hodson's central role in the violent gatecrashing incident, setting the stage for a scrutiny of community safety and youth behaviour in such scenarios. The case shed light on the impact of mob mentality and the serious consequences that result from group violence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770303_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770303.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,226148400
4041,07,03,1977,"Concern About Book (Press, 7 March 1977)","In a letter to the editor published on 1 March 1977, N. L. Bare expressed concern over the activities of the Gay Liberation Front, particularly in relation to Mrs J. E. Viney, Secretary of the Concerned Parents’ Association. Bare's letter highlighted that Mr Waghorne, Secretary of the Gay Liberation Front, is involved in promoting homosexuality and stated that the organisation aims to counteract any attempts to present sex education with a Christian bias in schools. He warned that parents might be disillusioned if they expect homosexuality to be portrayed as abnormal within school programmes, noting the group's initiatives to present their views in educational settings. Bare mentioned that the Gay Liberation Front had already visited Mr Duff's school. Mr Waghorne subsequently responded to Bare's letter, clarifying his roles within both the Gay Liberation Front and the Campaign for Homosexual Equality. He expressed that Bare's interpretation of his previous correspondence indicated a dangerous level of censorship and disrespect in discourse. Waghorne pointed out that the quote cited by Bare was not from the organisation's aims but from an article critiquing the group for its lack of action, not a reflection on public attitudes. He challenged Bare’s motivations for reading the Gay Lib magazine ""Aequus"" since May 1976, questioning the implications for Bare's own morality. Waghorne also corrected Bare's claim regarding the extent of the Gay Liberation Front's presence in schools, stating that the organisation had only visited three schools in the past two years, and all visits were by invitation. The exchange underscores the tensions surrounding sexuality education and the differing perspectives on how homosexuality is to be treated within škol programs at the time. It reflects broader societal debates about sexual orientation, education, and the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals in New Zealand during the late 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770307_2_89_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770307.2.89.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,226497600
4766,11,03,1977,"Concern About Book (Press, 11 March 1977)","In a letter published in ""The Press"" on 2 March 1977, M. S. Waghorne, Secretary-Treasurer of the Campaign for Homosexual Equality, engaged in a debate with the Concerned Parents Association (C.P.A.) regarding the portrayal of homosexuality in the education system. Waghorne cited various reputable medical and psychiatric authorities, including the American Medical Association and the Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, to argue that certain behaviours, including those associated with homosexuality, should be considered normal. He questioned whether members of the C.P.A. viewed themselves as corrupt or unfit parents after reading materials they deemed controversial. While he recognised the necessity of guidelines from the Education Department, he advocated for a balanced educational approach that encompasses a wide array of human experiences. Waghorne asserted that education should empower children to make informed choices rather than impose a singular ideological perspective. He accused the C.P.A. of aiming for indoctrination into a narrow interpretation of values, which he described as an approach aligned with totalitarian Christianity. In response, P. C. Clements, the chairman of the Concerned Parents Association, defended the group's position, asserting that they did not wish to impose their beliefs on others' children. Clements emphasised that parents send their children to school for knowledge and skills and should not have their children's moral and social attitudes manipulated in the classroom. He argued that there are aspects of human experience that are unsuitable for educational contexts and highlighted the legal responsibilities parents bear towards their children. He insisted that parents have the right to oversee what their children are taught at school, particularly concerning topics like homosexuality that could conflict with their personal beliefs and values. Clements expressed that parents should expect schools to uphold societal laws and support the values they are instilling in their children. The correspondence represented a clash between differing ideologies on education and morality, with each side firm in their beliefs about the influence of educational content on children. The discussion ultimately highlighted the ongoing tensions regarding how to approach sensitive subjects in schools and the rights of parents in shaping their children's learning experiences. The exchange was noted to be closed by the editor, signifying the end of this particular discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770311_2_99_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770311.2.99.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,226843200
4042,12,03,1977,"Concern About Book (Press, 12 March 1977)","In a recent letter to the editor published in ""The Press,"" P. R. H. Maling, Co-ordinator and news media officer of the Gay Liberation Front, responded to comments made by Pamela McClelland on 3 March 1977. Maling expressed that the Gay Liberation movement genuinely aims to address social injustices and believes that advocating for their rights ultimately benefits all individuals. They argue that the quest for freedom is interconnected, citing the parallels between the struggles of different oppressed groups, such as black men seeking recognition of their human dignity and rights, and homosexuals fighting for their own. Maling emphasised the importance of fostering acceptance among homosexual individuals regarding their sexual orientation, which they contend is a natural aspect of human identity. In contrast to McClelland’s views, Maling rejected notions that depict sexual intercourse in a negative light, reinforcing a positive perspective on sexuality. The letter suggested that McClelland should further engage with literature that addresses these issues, including referencing works by D. H. Lawrence. Maling’s letter underscores the commitment to liberation and opposes societal oppression, advocating for broader awareness and understanding of these fundamental rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770312_2_92_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770312.2.92.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,226929600
6876,15,03,1977,"Ship Girl Cost '$80 A Night’ (Press, 15 March 1977)","A 19-year-old woman, Winifred Hoeta, appeared in court after being discovered semi-clad on a ship in Lyttelton. The court was informed that she had been charging up to $80 for sexual services. Senior Sergeant R. Cook revealed that the police had been monitoring the ships for a few months and had observed Hoeta boarding them multiple times. She was found in a cabin with three sailors and expressed to the police that she enjoyed life on fishing boats. Hoeta pleaded guilty to the charge of being idle and disorderly at the Magistrate's Court presided over by Mr H. J. Evans, S.M. Another girl was also facing a similar charge in the Children and Young Persons Court related to the same incident. Hoeta explained to police that she had limited finances, as taxi fares into Christchurch consumed most of her money. Occasionally, she admitted to borrowing money from some of her transvestite friends. She had been evicted from a residence in Lyttelton and was homeless, which contributed to her situation. Senior Sergeant Cook indicated that Hoeta had been travelling around New Zealand's coastline on and off ships for several months prior to her arrival in Christchurch. In terms of her services, Hoeta reportedly charged $30 for a quick sexual encounter and $80 for an overnight stay. Following her conviction, she was remanded in custody until 21 March 1977 for a probation report and sentencing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770315_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770315.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,227188800
4767,24,03,1977,"N.z. Men — Education For Loneliness (Press, 24 March 1977)","On 24 March 1977, sociologist Mrs Peggy Coopman-Boyden delivered a talk at a Christchurch Rotary Club about the societal expectations placed on New Zealand men, encapsulated in the ""John Wayne image,"" which epitomises toughness, competitiveness, and emotional suppression. She argued that gatherings of men, such as service clubs, reflect an expectation of emotional restraint, which can lead to unhealthy outcomes, including violence. Mrs Coopman-Boyden highlighted that men's interactions are predominantly achievement-based, offering limited opportunities for emotional sharing or empathy. She advocated for ""men's liberation,"" asserting that men should not feel pressured to repress their emotions, as expressing themselves could reduce the likelihood of violent behaviour. She contended that men should not have to adopt a dominant role over women and suggested their relationships would benefit from viewing women as equals rather than objects. Additionally, she pointed out that societal norms push boys into competitive sports that emphasise violence and aggression, when they could instead be encouraged to explore interests such as music or literature without fear of being labelled effeminate. This narrow focus on masculinity creates challenges later in life, particularly for elderly men in rest homes who often feel aimless compared to women who engage in activities such as knitting. Mrs Coopman-Boyden noted the emergence of men's liberation groups, including Men Against Sexism in Christchurch, while acknowledging that the struggles of the men's and women's liberation movements differ significantly. While women are tasked with demanding more rights, men must learn to relinquish some of their power—a more challenging and uncomfortable transition given the societal conditioning surrounding gender roles. She posited that both men and women would benefit from dismantling rigid gender roles and that true freedom cannot coexist with dominance or submission. The reinforcement of stereotypes, such as the John Wayne ideal, results in men repressing their gentler traits for fear of being viewed as weak. This stereotype contributes to feelings of inadequacy in those who do not conform to expected norms of masculinity, which are often linked to being the primary breadwinner and displaying competitiveness. Moreover, she highlighted systemic discrimination against men, particularly in the legal arena, where they face harsher prosecutions and sentences compared to women. The talk concluded by pointing out that societal conditioning shapes perceptions of gender, leading to consequences for both men and women, thus underscoring the need for a re-evaluation of traditional gender expectations for the benefit of all.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770324_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770324.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,227966400
7343,30,03,1977,"Priest Questioned On Support For Book (Press, 30 March 1977)","An attempt has been made to remove the Rev. Felix Donnelly from the priesthood due to his support for the explicit sex manual for young people titled ""Down Under the Plum Trees."" Father Donnelly, a senior lecturer in community health at Auckland Medical School, expressed his concerns from Auckland after appearing in support of the book during an Indecent Publications Tribunal hearing in Wellington on 22 February 1977. Following his appearance, he received two letters of protest sent to the Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland, the Most Rev. John Mackey. The letters prompted Bishop Mackey to reach out to Father Donnelly, expressing great concern and asking for an explanation. Father Donnelly stated that the evidence presented to the Bishop by the complainants was distorted, which negatively affected his reputation. They questioned his integrity as a priest and suggested he should be expelled from the Church, thus applying pressure on the Bishop. He suspected that similar materials were sent to the weekly Roman Catholic newspaper, ""Tablet,"" where an editorial critiquing him had been published. To clarify the situation, Father Donnelly provided the Bishop with a copy of his submission to the tribunal. He reported that the Bishop accepted his explanation, and he believed the matter was resolved. Frustrated by the incident, Father Donnelly highlighted the ""rigidity of thinking"" among some Catholics concerning sex education, arguing that they were not willing to consider alternative viewpoints. He had defended the book due to what he saw as an inadequacy of sex education materials available for young people. The tribunal had declared the book indecent for individuals under 18 unless they were under the guidance of parents or professional advisors. Although Father Donnelly felt the book had limited value for those over 18, he acknowledged the tribunal likely made the decision it had to under the circumstances. Appeals related to the tribunal's decision are already underway, with two appeals lodged in the Supreme Court and a third being contemplated. Wellington solicitor George Joseph is appealing the tribunal's ruling, arguing that the book is indecent and that the tribunal erred by allowing it to be sold. He expressed concern that the book could easily end up in the hands of minors. In response, Mr. George Rosenberg, representing Alister Taylor, the publisher from Martinborough, confirmed an appeal against the tribunal's decision to admit Mr. Joseph's client as a party in the original case. The tribunal’s actions stemmed from an application by the Secretary for Justice seeking a ruling on the book's status, with the Justice Department currently deliberating on whether to pursue an appeal. A final decision on that is expected later in the week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770330_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770330.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,228484800
4043,01,04,1977,"Article Held To Be Indecent (Press, 1 April 1977)","On 1 April 1977, the Christchurch Magistrate's Court fined Michael Stephen Waghome NZ$50, with NZ$20 costs, for printing an indecent document. The court found Waghome, aged 33, guilty of a charge related to producing an article titled ""An Introduction to Anal Intercourse,"" which was featured in the Gay Liberation Front newsletter titled ""Aequus"" in February 1975. In his reserved decision, Magistrate H. J. Evans stated that he perceived the article as indecent, asserting that the sexual acts described within it could not be viewed as anything but criminal. His reasoning was based on the prevailing laws that deemed such acts illegal at the time. The magistrate concluded that the document in question indeed carried an immoral or mischievous tendency due to its discussion of these criminalised sexual acts. However, in determining the penalty, Magistrate Evans acknowledged several mitigating factors in Waghome's favour. He noted that the defendant presented himself as a sincere and intelligent individual and pointed out that Waghome was only responsible for printing a document with a limited audience. Ultimately, the magistrate expressed the belief that, given the evolving standards of social and moral behaviour, there should be a degree of tolerance for individuals advocating for societal change, alongside those who opposed or resisted such discussions. This ruling highlighted the tensions surrounding issues of sexuality and morality in New Zealand society during that period, reflecting both the challenges faced by the LGBTQ+ community and the slowly shifting attitudes towards sexual expression and rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770401_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770401.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,228657600
6511,05,04,1977,"Renee Loses (Press, 5 April 1977)","On 5 April 1977, American amateur tennis player Ann Smith triumphed over transsexual player Renee Richards in the final of the Lionel Cup tournament held in North Little Rock, Arkansas. Smith secured victory in straight sets with a score of 6-3, 6-4, demonstrating her skill and determination on the court. The match drew attention not only for its competitive nature but also for the participation of Richards, who had previously been a prominent figure in discussions about gender and sports. Smith's win marked a significant achievement in her tennis career at the amateur level.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770405_2_266.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770405.2.266,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,229003200
6512,14,04,1977,"First-round Win To Dr Richards (Press, 14 April 1977)","On 14 April 1977, Dr. Renee Richards, a 42-year-old transsexual, achieved victory in her first-round match at a $20,000 tournament, which is the final event on the satellite women's tennis circuit. She won decisively against Roylee Bailey with a score of 6-2, 6-2. However, the tournament commenced under somber circumstances due to the recent passing of Karen Krantzcke, an Australian tennis player who tragically died in Tallahassee, Florida, following her victory in a tournament. Reports indicate that she collapsed after the match, with her death attributed to an enlarged heart. As a result of these unfortunate events, last-minute adjustments were made to the tournament draw. Jan Wilton stepped in to replace Krantzcke, while Betty Newfield took Helen Gourlay's place. Gourlay, a close friend of Krantzcke, chose to remain in Tallahassee following the incident. In other matches, Donna Rubin emerged victorious against Judy Conner from New Zealand with a score of 7-6, 6-3. Additionally, Glynis Coles from Britain defeated Nerida Gregory from Australia with a convincing score of 6-0, 6-4.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770414_2_148.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770414.2.148,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,229780800
6513,15,04,1977,"Another Test For Renee? (Press, 15 April 1977)","On 15 April 1977, the Women's Tennis Association announced its endorsement of the United States Tennis Association's decision requiring Dr. Renee Richards to undergo an additional sex chromosome test in order to qualify for the national open championships. Dr. Richards, a 42-year-old transsexual, expressed significant disappointment regarding this announcement. Although a previous Barr body test had confirmed her female classification, the validity of the results has been challenged by several prominent medical professionals. In other sports news, the Auckland women's golf team has been announced to defend the Russell Grace trophy in Palmerston North. The team comprises Sue Bunt from Titirangi, Alison Father from Huapai, Jorelyn Glanfield from North Shore, Cherry Kingham from Grange, and Kay Maxwell from Grange, with Margaret Fyfe from Manukau listed as the travelling reserve.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770415_2_189.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770415.2.189,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,229867200
4044,16,04,1977,"Emancipation Or Liberation? (Press, 16 April 1977)","In a letter to the editor published on 16 April 1977, P. R. H. Maling, a news media officer for the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch, responded to Briar Cambourn’s criticisms of the Women’s Liberation movement, particularly her condemnation of the Sisters of Homophile Equality. Maling argued that Cambourn's comments conveyed an implicit opposition to both female and male homosexual equality. He described Cambourn's portrayal of the “vanguard” of women’s liberation as “destructive and vacuous,” suggesting that this criticism more accurately reflected her own prejudiced views. Maling contended that while women’s liberation might warrant critique, Cambourn's attack on the homosexual liberation movement, affecting both genders, was unwarranted. He posited that maintaining frustration and oppression of individuals does not support families; rather, it exacerbates tensions. Maling emphasised that liberation for hemophilic and homosexual individuals is an essential aspect of the broader struggle for sexual freedom and the challenge against irrational fears that underpin societal taboos against diverse expressions of sexuality. He concluded by asserting that embracing sexual liberation, particularly for homosexual individuals, would alleviate social tensions that often manifest in violence and substance abuse. Maling's letter argued for recognition and acceptance of various sexual identities as a means to foster healthier family dynamics and reduce societal strife.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770416_2_90_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770416.2.90.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,229953600
4045,07,05,1977,"Feminism, Sexism, And Male Identity (Press, 7 May 1977)","On 7 May 1977, a seminar aimed at men titled ""Feminism, Sex-ism, and the Male Identity"" was announced to run in conjunction with the United Women's Convention in Christchurch on 6 June. The concept behind the seminar, organised by Neil Anderson, is to raise awareness among New Zealand men about the women's movement and to encourage a re-evaluation of their roles in light of evolving societal views. Anderson stated that men's attitudes are often outdated and that this seminar represents a step towards addressing these issues. The seminar will feature prominent feminist speakers, including Ruthie Beaglehole, a staff member at Victoria University, who has extensive experience in women's studies and is involved in Kid-sarus, a collective focused on liberating children from sexual stereotypes. Marijke Robinson, another panelist and founder of the Women's Electoral Lobby in New Zealand, will also contribute. The male perspective will be represented by Mike Waghorne, a sociologist from Christchurch, who has been active with various gender equality initiatives. The seminar will include a panel discussion chaired by Nedra Johnson, one of the convention's conveners, followed by a choice of workshops. One workshop, ""Towards Men’s Liberation,"" will focus on defining and critiquing the male role and its implications, while another will provide insights from women active in the feminist movement regarding feminism and sexism. Alongside the seminars and discussions, attendees will enjoy a buffet dinner at the Canterbury Building Centre. The event aims for around 150 participants and requires an enrolment fee of $8, which includes the dinner. Any excess funds raised will contribute to the United Women’s Convention Award Fund. In a related news item, the American government is taking measures to reduce the use of harmful gases in aerosol products. Effective from 31 October, a new regulation from the Food and Drug Administration mandates that aerosol containers using chlorofluorocarbons, which are deemed harmful to the ozone layer, must carry a warning label. This initiative seeks to mitigate the impact of these gases on the environment and public health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770507_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770507.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,231768000
6602,11,05,1977,"Human Rights Submissions (Press, 11 May 1977)","On 11 May 1977, a parliamentary select committee in Christchurch heard public submissions on a proposed Human Rights Commission Bill aimed at prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation and other grounds. Dr K. Clement, chairman of the Canterbury Council for Civil Liberties, advocated for the definition of marital status to be broadened to encompass any permanent relationship, including same-sex partnerships. He argued that long-term lesbian relationships should be explicitly recognised under the bill. Penny Fenwick, an assistant lecturer in sociology at the University of Canterbury, expressed that the bill failed to adequately address discrimination against individuals. She suggested that discrimination should also be regarded as unlawful based on factors like age, family responsibilities, personal appearance, political affiliation, physical disabilities, financial status, and location of residence or business. There was widespread dissent regarding the current discrimination faced by individuals in de facto relationships. Additionally, there was a consensus on the need for the proposed Human Rights Commission to include at least one female member. Sociologist Peggy Koopman-Boyden emphasised that age should be regarded as an immutable characteristic, deserving protection against discrimination, particularly in employment contexts for older persons. Mrs A. Shoebridge, assistant co-ordinator of the Homemakers’ Union, recommended that the bill’s definition of marital status include a sexual preference description, which would protect New Zealand's estimated five per cent homosexual population from discrimination issues related to employment, housing, and social standing. Jacqueline Steincamp from the Abortion Law Reform Association highlighted the unique problems faced by women due to family responsibilities, suggesting the commission require a specialist in women's rights to address these issues adequately. Steincamp also critiqued the bill for inadequately upholding fundamental civil liberties, freedom of information, and privacy rights. The Canterbury-Westland branch of the Young Nationals echoed the value of human rights protection but cautioned against the commission evolving into an overarching body that might impose restrictive anti-discrimination measures. Policy officer Mr W. J. Barclay argued that a law aimed at eliminating sex discrimination in job advertisements could be unnecessary, asserting that the notion of complete gender equality is unrealistic, given the complexities of defining discrimination legally and the variances in individual circumstances. In a separate note, it was reported that Mr A. Hilton from Wellington was re-elected as president of the Music Federation of New Zealand, with R. F. Cullen and J. F. Collins from Christchurch joining the executive committee.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770511_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770511.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,232113600
7925,11,05,1977,"Oral Sex Link Seen (Press, 11 May 1977)","A report from 11 May 1977 highlights concerns over the increasing incidence of throat gonorrhoea, with some attributing the rise in cases to the popularity of oral sex and the influence of magazines that depict such acts. At the Christchurch V.D. Clinic, statistics indicate approximately one new case of throat gonorrhoea is reported each month, representing about one in every 83 patients treated there. Dr W. M. Platts, a consultant on venereology at the Health Department, expressed that there is a clear increase in throat gonorrhoea cases, particularly within the last two to three years as oral sex has become more common. Dr Platts noted that many patients at the clinic admitted to having engaged in oral sex, including school-age children, indicating a worrying trend among the youth. He suggested that the proliferation of pornographic literature has played a role in this shift. The national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, Miss Patricia Bartlett, echoed these concerns in a letter to ""The Press,"" highlighting a connection between the rise in throat gonorrhoea cases and magazines that promote oral sex. She commended the findings of the Royal Commission on contraception, sterilisation, and abortion, which pointed out the difficulty of establishing a causal relationship but acknowledged the influence of such publications in normalising oral sex. Miss Bartlett expressed disappointment that the Royal Commission did not recommend that the Indecent Publications Tribunal consider the health risks associated with oral sex more seriously when reviewing publications. She critiqued the current standard of what magazines are allowed to be circulated, urging for stricter guidelines concerning the potential medical consequences of the content they endorse. Conversely, Dr R. Campbell-Begg, the Health Department's Deputy Director of Public Health, disagreed with the notion that pornographic magazines were solely to blame for the rise in venereal diseases. He attributed the increase in throat gonorrhoea cases to broader issues of promiscuity and a decline in community standards. It was noted that throat gonorrhoea predominantly affects females and is also occasionally found in homosexuals. This particular condition has only recently gained attention as a medical issue, with American statistics showing it present in 5 per cent of cases at V.D. treatment clinics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770511_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770511.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,232113600
6877,14,05,1977,"Anticipation Greater Than Realisation (Press, 14 May 1977)","On 14 May 1977, D. McKenzie reviewed the ""Thursday Star Movie"" which featured ""The Three Musketeers,"" originally released in 1948. The segment opening featured an animated kiwi bird interacting with movie stars, creating an exciting atmosphere that enhanced viewers' anticipation despite the somewhat mundane setting of a typical evening at home. While appreciating the vibrancy of the introductory graphics, McKenzie noted that the film, although over two decades old, felt even older, with the cast appearing youthful yet engaging in performances reminiscent of their earlier capabilities, leading to a sense of nostalgia. Gene Kelly, who starred in the film, was acknowledged for some daring stunts, including acrobatics on horseback. However, the film's overall impression was overshadowed by McKenzie's observation that the build-up and presentation were significantly more entertaining than the film itself. The article also reviewed ""Fair Go,"" a programme aired on TV One which McKenzie found to be worthy of admiration for its style, if not its depth. The show, hosted by Brian Edwards, briskly covered various subjects, giving it a light-hearted tone while maintaining the importance of the topics. A unique aspect of the show involved Spencer Jolly dramatizing off-screen quotes, which contributed effectively to the communication of ideas as long as they accurately represented the quoted individuals' styles. The episode of ""All in the Family,"" featuring the character Archie Bunker, was highlighted for its humor. The storyline revolved around Bunker's unsettling encounter with a transvestite he previously mistook for a woman. McKenzie remarked on the slow, dawning realisation of the characters, adding to the comedic effect. Noting the show's reliance on audience engagement through staged applause, he concluded that it delivered consistent entertainment, allowing viewers to feel a sense of superiority over the flawed yet relatable character of Archie Bunker.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770514_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770514.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,232372800
6603,21,05,1977,"Growing Up In America (Press, 21 May 1977)","The review published on 21 May 1977 focuses on two novels—""Kinflicks"" by Lisa Alther and ""Sometimes a Great Notion"" by Ken Kesey, providing insights into their themes and narratives. ""Kinflicks,"" spanning 503 pages and priced at $2.95, follows the life of Ginny, a young woman navigating modern America. The narrative, structured through a series of flashbacks, occurs while Ginny observes her mother dying, prompting her to reflect on her own life experiences. Throughout the story, Ginny struggles to find meaning between love and sex while trying to fulfil societal roles associated with being a lover, wife, and mother. Her journey is marked by a series of failed attempts to integrate into these roles, as she battles her perception of self amidst societal expectations. Notably, she immerses herself in a lesbian relationship, which ends with her partner’s death, leading her to join a commune. Eventually, she returns to society and marries a seemingly conventional man, only to discover his unconventional preferences in the bedroom. The book is infused with a subtle, situational humour that contributes to its poignant exploration of identity and relationships. In contrast, Ken Kesey's ""Sometimes a Great Notion,"" published in paperback by Methuen for $3.20 and consisting of 637 pages, continues the author's exploration of complex family dynamics, following his earlier work ""One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest."" Set against the backdrop of Oregon, the novel centres around the Stamper family, whose logging business faces significant challenges due to union activities. The narrative delves into the diverse reactions of the family members as they confront this crisis, illustrating a sprawling storyline that mirrors the winding Wakonda River, which is integral to the setting. The review highlights the depth of the family’s struggles, capturing the intricate interplay of personal and collective challenges faced by the characters. Overall, the review provides a comparative analysis of the two novels, underscoring their thematic explorations of identity, societal roles, and family dynamics against the rich tapestry of modern American life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770521_2_114_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770521.2.114.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,232977600
7170,28,05,1977,"Dr No-comment’s Clutches (Press, 28 May 1977)","On 28 May 1977, an adventurous tale unfolded in New Zealand, highlighting the potential interference of foreign spies in the country's domestic affairs. The narrative begins with the protagonist, John Collins, who suspects that these spies have infiltrated local politics. The story takes an action-packed turn as Bond, a character reminiscent of the famous spy, finds himself in a precarious situation. The scene opens with Bond reacting swiftly after exiting a Bentley, where he is unexpectedly ambushed. Amidst a chaotic encounter with various characters, he deftly avoids confrontation and manages to navigate through a series of distractions. However, he soon realises that his drink has been tampered with, indicating that hostile forces are at play. After losing consciousness from the effects of the drugged beer, Bond awakens to find himself in a perilous setting, bound in a heating duct with aggressive adversaries around him. He discovers a figure attempting to rescue him — Bert Stroller, who has been mistaken for a double agent working for the infamous criminal organisation led by Dr No-comment. Their exchange reveals past connections and ongoing threats, as they discuss a character known as Ernst Stavro Blowhard, a dubious figure with a history of questionable political manoeuvres. Bond learns of Blowhard's new guise as Dr Mildoon Brick, who is allegedly concocting schemes that threaten the stability of New Zealand, particularly concerning broken marriages. As the action escalates with the arrival of diverse adversaries, including karate killers and a giant electronic creature, Bond remains focused on thwarting the plans of his enemies. The storyline is a mix of espionage, humour, and high-paced danger, featuring Bond's trademark wit and resourcefulness. Through exaggerated scenarios and outlandish characters, it portrays a landscape where foreign influence looms large, compelling Bond to engage in a relentless struggle to protect New Zealand's domestic integrity. The interplay between spy antics and political satire offers not only entertainment but also a commentary on the seriousness of external interference in local governance. Ultimately, the adventure culminates in uncertainty as characters confront bizarre threats, pushing the boundaries of what espionage can entail.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770528_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770528.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,233582400
4768,02,06,1977,"Women’s Movement Seen As Revolutionary (Press, 2 June 1977)","Helen Marieskind, a prominent figure in the women’s movement, expresses contrasting feelings about society's state. At times she is disheartened, while at others she feels hopeful about the potential for social change driven by women. Marieskind views the women’s movement as a powerful tool for revolution, noting that it can provoke fear in both men and some women accustomed to dependency. Drawing from her own experiences, she believes the movement has been a lifeline for her. Marieskind, originally Helen Free from Christchurch, New Zealand, had a privileged upbringing. She married an American and enjoyed a glamorous life in Portugal and the United States before her marriage ended. This prompted her to pursue her identity further through education. She attended the University of California, Los Angeles, where she earned a Bachelor of Arts in anthropology and subsequently a Master of Arts in public health, focusing on maternal and child health and family planning. In 1976, she completed her doctorate, with research on gynaecological services linked to the women's movement. Her academic journey paralleled her activism, which included work with Planned Parenthood and feminist women's health clinics. Before relocating to Seattle, she served as an assistant professor of health sciences at the State University of New York. Currently, she is working on a book about women’s health service delivery in America. Marieskind emphasises that despite her expertise, she doesn’t have all the answers. She encourages New Zealand women to learn from the divisions present in the American feminist movement, which is fragmented along lines of sexual orientation and social class. She insists on the importance of unity among women and believes that discussions on subjects such as abortion should serve as opportunities for solidarity, even among those who may disagree on such issues. She acknowledges the influence of religious beliefs but advocates for a broader perspective that includes compassion for women facing difficult choices, such as unintended pregnancies. In her view, while men ideally should have a role in decisions around abortion, practical realities often leave women alone to manage such situations. Marieskind addresses the ideological divides in the women’s movement, particularly between heterosexual and homosexual women, urging that one's sexual preference should not define their entire identity. She criticises the media for perpetuating divides by focusing on extreme views, which reinforces public antagonism towards the feminist movement. She believes that the media’s portrayal of activism often trivialises women’s issues and creates unnecessary conflict. As an upcoming guest speaker at the 1977 United Women’s Convention in Christchurch, Marieskind is conscious of the nuances in media representation and the discussions around the event, including calls for women-only media coverage, which some perceive as controversial. Despite acknowledging the risks of adopting male roles within the movement, she maintains a focus on challenging the existing hierarchical and patriarchal systems.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770602_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770602.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,234014400
6514,06,06,1977,"Test For Renee? (Press, 6 June 1977)","On 6 June 1977, it was reported that Di Renee Richards, a transsexual tennis player, will be required to undergo a chromosome test prior to competing in women's tennis events within the league. This statement was made by Mr Butch Buchholz, the World Team Tennis Commissioner. Di Richards, now 42 years old, has recently signed a two-year contract with the Cleveland-Pittsburgh Nets. The requirement for a chromosome test highlights the ongoing discussions and complexities surrounding gender identity and competition in sports.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770606_2_138.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770606.2.138,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,234360000
6605,06,06,1977,"Tv Reporting Blamed (Press, 6 June 1977)","In a recent convention in Wellington, significant tensions emerged regarding the participation of male reporters at women's rights events. Mrs J. Steincamp, president of the Christchurch branch of the Abortion Law Reform Association, noted that animosity towards male reporters stems from a controversial recommendation made during the previous year's convention, suggesting that males be excluded from future events, particularly influenced by a lesbian group. This recommendation sparked widespread outrage, although it was reported without the accompanying dissent on television, which further aggravated feelings among attendees. Steincamp expressed concern over how media coverage has treated the women’s movement, describing it as divisive and diminishing the movement's strength. Former Mayoress of Christchurch, Mrs Alexia Pickering, expressed her disappointment regarding the actions of the minority group advocating for the exclusion of men. She emphasised that women cannot progress without collaboration with men and lamented the intolerance exhibited by some group members. Pickering articulated that the goal should be the acceptance of women as individuals contributing meaningfully to society rather than being reduced to mere sex symbols. Another participant, Mrs Natalie Carlisle, voiced her outrage at efforts to exclude male reporters, recalling a previous meeting where such a proposal was overwhelmingly rejected. Carlisle argued that the message to both women and men should be one of collaboration and mutual respect, not exclusion. Furthermore, Mrs Ginny Talbot from South Canterbury highlighted the necessity of having male reporters present to ensure balanced representation of the convention's proceedings, provided their reporting doesn't amplify negativity. Despite the protests against male media presence, attempts to engage key coordinators of the convention were thwarted, as they showed reluctance for interviews with male reporters. During the event, one male reporter experienced hostility, including an interaction with a woman who questioned his presence and asked him to leave. However, he also encountered some sympathetic women who opposed the exclusion based on gender. The situation culminated in an ironic recommendation from a workshop group called ""Women in the Media,"" stating that no discrimination based on sex should occur at the 1979 United Women’s Convention but only women should be allowed to participate. This highlights an ongoing struggle within the women’s movement regarding inclusion, representation, and the right balance between asserting women's rights while also working alongside men to achieve broader societal acceptance. The division within the movement, particularly the contrasting opinions on male involvement, reflects larger societal debates about gender roles and the direction of feminist advocacy in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770606_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770606.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,234360000
6604,06,06,1977,"Women Toss Out Media; Convention United No Longer (Press, 6 June 1977)","On 6 June 1977, the United Women’s Convention took place without media coverage, following a decision by the coordinating committee to declare the Monday morning programme closed to journalists. This announcement was made during a press conference held the previous afternoon, indicating that the decision was made in the interest of the convention. The publicity committee, however, expressed regret over this exclusion and thanked the media for their support and generous coverage over the past year. It was also revealed that the publicity committee would disband immediately, a move that was met with applause from the female journalists present. Sandi Hall, one of the coordinators, declined to provide further details about the rationale behind the controversial decision, stating that it was a difficult situation. Earlier, female journalists had shown solidarity by boycotting convention workshops that were closed to male reporters. This action followed a public statement from the publicity committee, which had previously assured the media that while female reporters would be preferred, men would not be discriminated against. During the opening session of the convention, three male reporters faced hostility from attendees, notably a group of lesbian activists who booed them. One of the convention's organisers requested that a Radio New Zealand reporter, Mr J. Bishop, leave the venue to prevent the situation from escalating. Overall, the exclusion of the media from the United Women’s Convention proceedings sparked a complex interplay of solidarity among female journalists, tensions among attendees, and controversies surrounding access and representation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770606_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770606.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,234360000
6606,07,06,1977,"Media Ban ‘will Hurt Movement’ (Press, 7 June 1977)","Reporting from the United Women’s Convention in Christchurch reveals widespread discontent among North Island journalists, particularly regarding the complete ban on media coverage, including female reporters. Approximately ten women journalists attended the convention at their own expense, initially believing that only male reporters would be barred from certain seminars. However, they were unprepared for the absolute exclusion of all media coverage announced just before the event. Cathy Strong, an industrial reporter for Radio New Zealand, described the confusion her head office experienced regarding the ban prior to the convention. After initially being assured that the reports of a ban on male reporters were unfounded, a few weeks later they discovered that male journalists would indeed be restricted from attending several seminars. Despite attempts to clarify their concerns, they were told by the organisers that everything would be fine. The situation escalated when, during a Saturday morning session, female journalists were informed that while they were preferred, male reporters were still prohibited from accessing the convention. Following an incident involving a male journalist being asked to leave, female reporters decided to boycott workshops that their male colleagues could not cover. This exclusion culminated in a press conference where all journalists were informed that they would be banned from covering any proceedings on the following day. In a seminar that had previously welcomed both male and female reporters, a vote was held to formally exclude male journalists, which passed. Strong expressed her frustration, believing that the decision harmed the women’s movement by diminishing the responsible coverage that could have raised awareness of the issues discussed. Other journalists echoed this sentiment, lamenting the lack of coverage for the convention’s events and expressing regret that their planned articles would now focus on the negative circumstances surrounding the exclusion rather than the substantive issues at play. Helen Paske, a columnist, indicated that the media's relationship with the women’s movement could be seriously damaged due to the exclusion. The conference voted to support the exclusion of the media in a later motion, with results showing 1,020 in favour, 643 against, and 78 abstentions. Mrs M. K. Shields, chairwoman of the Labour Women’s Council, noted that the vote did not reflect a genuine opinion on the media but rather a reluctance to oppose the committee that had organised the convention. She expressed concern that the decision to exclude the media resulted from a reaction to how the media reported events, ultimately depriving many women of a full picture of the discussions and proceedings of the convention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770607_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770607.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,234446400
6607,08,06,1977,"Lesbians ’intended To Disrupt' Convention If Men... (Press, 8 June 1977)","On 8 June 1977, a significant controversy unfolded at the United Women’s Convention regarding the inclusion of media, particularly male journalists, at the event’s final session. Mollie I Clark, a member of the co-ordinating committee, reported that a lesbian group had made implicit threats to disrupt the convention if men were allowed in. This pressure ultimately led to the decision to exclude all media from the session. During the weekend meetings leading up to this decision, Clark identified herself as a dissenting voice among the organisers. She described her concerns about a small faction of radical feminists exerting undue influence, which she felt undermined the majority’s views. Despite the lack of backlash following her public protest, she expressed disappointment over the majority's inability to voice their opinions or have their preferences acknowledged. Clark praised the overall organisation of the conference, acknowledging the hard work put in by the organisers and the enriching experiences offered by the workshops. However, she viewed the radical feminists’ tactics as deceptive, stating that while she supported the rights of lesbians to live authentically, she was alarmed that a few individuals were able to dominate the proceedings through intimidation. The controversy intensified around the lesbian group’s demands: the exclusion of male journalists and a designated speaking time at the conference. The co-ordinators had initially reduced their speaking time from ten minutes to five, following negotiations with the group. Despite the courteous interactions, the situation escalated when Clark asked the group to leave temporarily for a private discussion, which was met with resistance. A report from the ""Christchurch Star"" on the conference's opening session was cited as a reason for the demand to exclude the media, which Clark believed was manipulated to garner support for such exclusion. She suspected that the incident involving a male journalist at the opening session was orchestrated, rather than spontaneous, reflecting the underlying tensions. On Sunday afternoon, after the decision to exclude the media was disseminated, Clark noted that many convenors expressed outrage over the lack of collective decision-making on such a significant matter. Even some radical feminists deemed the exclusion repressive. Before the convention's conclusion, the chairperson, Jean Herbison, called for a co-ordinators’ meeting. The co-ordinators threatened to walk out if a proposed motion to allow media was put to a vote and resulted against their wishes. Clark attempted to reason with them, stressing that a vote against the committee should not equate to a lack of confidence. However, the co-ordinators remained resolute in their stance, indicating a deep division over the convention’s governance and the balance of power within the feminist movement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770608_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770608.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,234532800
6608,11,06,1977,"United Women's Convention (Press, 11 June 1977)","The letters published in response to the United Women’s Convention highlight a range of perspectives on the event, which took place in June 1977 and attracted over 2,600 women. Joan Lewis expressed her shock at the perceived negativity towards men during the convention, suggesting that the atmosphere was filled with bitterness and rebellion, which she found alarming. She noted a lack of constructive dialogue, indicating that many attendees, like herself, left feeling disillusioned. In contrast, Rosemary Reid asserted that the true significance of the convention lay in the open communication among women, which she believed was essential for the growth of the women's movement. Reid expressed concern about media coverage sensationalising the issues discussed, suggesting that future conventions should operate without media attendance to encourage genuine dialogue and understanding among participants. Diane E. Roberts defended the convention's passionate discussions, arguing that heated debates were a sign of a vibrant movement. She disagreed with the notion that such dissent was unhealthy and emphasised the importance of addressing issues of oppression rather than maintaining the status quo. May Carrell voiced her disappointment in the perception that the convention was overly focused on animosity towards men. She believed many attendees had good relationships with men and found fulfilment in traditional roles such as home and family. Carrell warned against replacing one form of dominance with another, urging for recognition of oppressive behaviours regardless of gender. Robin Taylor, identifying as a male feminist, defended the presence of lesbian groups at the convention, comparing them to the suffragettes, who also faced criticism for not conforming to societal norms. He suggested that the exclusion of male reporters served as a lesson about the everyday experiences faced by women. Lastly, Elizabeth Martin praised the convention's organisation and described it as a rewarding experience. She acknowledged attempts to disrupt proceedings by younger activists but felt that the overall tone remained dignified, thanks to the leadership of the chairwoman and the emphasis on tolerance and understanding among women. Overall, the letters reveal a complex landscape of thoughts and criticisms surrounding the United Women’s Convention, reflecting both support for women's rights and concerns over how these issues are presented and addressed, particularly in relation to men and within the feminist movement itself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770611_2_120_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770611.2.120.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,234792000
4046,18,06,1977,"Massed Night Rally (Press, 18 June 1977)","A rally in Christchurch, scheduled for 6.30 p.m. on Friday, will demand various rights supported by over 40 local organisations. The event is marked by an informal concert and eight speakers, with Mr Dave Welch, an organiser, highlighting the widespread discontent among citizens towards government and employer actions affecting New Zealand. The coalition comprises diverse groups including branches of the Values Party, Labour Party, Canterbury Trades Council, Christchurch Women's Union, Housewives' Boycott Movement, Beneficiaries' Association, Peoples' Union, and several others, including the Campaign Against Foreign Control in New Zealand and the Gay Liberation Front. Mr Welch noted that the coalition has identified four primary demands: the right to a living wage for a 40-hour work week, access to decent social services for all ages, the right to live free from repression and discrimination, and the right for individuals to control their environment. In alignment with the rally, the Campaign Against Foreign Control in New Zealand plans to picket Woolworths (N.Z.), Ltd. Member John Christie articulated concerns that Woolworths epitomises how foreign companies undermine local living standards, emphasising that their push for extended operating hours negatively impacts small New Zealand businesses and workers. The rally reflects a broader dissatisfaction with economic and social policies, aimed at advocating for the rights and welfare of ordinary New Zealanders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770618_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770618.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,235396800
4769,18,06,1977,"The Shame Men Suffer (Press, 18 June 1977)","On 18 June 1977, Christopher Reed, writing for the ""Guardian,"" highlighted a groundbreaking study by a progressive women's group in California called the Queen's Bench, which is composed of female lawyers and judges. This group has been investigating a largely overlooked aspect of the male rape crisis—specifically, the violation of men by men. Based in San Francisco, a city known for its significant homosexual population, the Queen's Bench has challenged the common belief that male rape is primarily a homosexual act or that such crimes do not exist at all. The group's comprehensive report on male rape is expected to be released by the end of 1977, but preliminary findings have emerged from one of their male researchers, Gary Collins. His survey reveals two prevailing public attitudes about male rape: one that suggests gay men invite such attacks through their dress and behaviour, and another that denies the existence of male rape altogether. Collins' interviews and questionnaires showed that while many male victims often appear frail or effeminate, they are not definitively homosexual, particularly among younger victims. In 1976, it was estimated that around 300 men were raped in San Francisco, excluding cases in prisons where such incidents are more rampant. Of these victims, it is believed that over two-thirds did not disclose their experiences to friends, family, or romantic partners. The types of assaults reported included sodomy (14%), oral copulation (11%), both acts (5%), attempted sodomy (6%), and a rare case of ""postillioning"" (1%). Collins found that the majority of victims were young men, with 26% aged 15-19, 54% aged 20-29, and 17% aged 30-39, and an average age of 24. The oldest reported victim was 52. A significant barrier to reporting these crimes, according to Collins, is the profound shame that male victims experience, which can lead them to question their masculinity and wonder what traits may have attracted the assailant. In contrast, women typically do not doubt their femininity following a rape. The study supports Susan Brownmiller’s theories in her influential book on women's rape experiences, indicating that rape is more about inflicting humiliation and exerting power than about uncontrolled lust. A specific case highlighted involved a bus driver who was raped at gunpoint but who refrained from pursuing legal action due to feelings of humiliation and an unwillingness to disclose his experience to other men. In California, male victims face additional challenges in the legal process, notably that their sexual orientation can be questioned in court—something that female victims are not subjected to. This has prompted the Queen's Bench to advocate for legislative changes to ensure that all references to gender in rape law are removed, acknowledging that men can also be victims of rape. As of now, only Massachusetts officially recognises this crime involving male-on-male assault. The ongoing study indicates that male rape can lead to severe psychological repercussions, including feelings of insecurity and potential breakdowns. Many victims find themselves celibate for extended periods following the assault, and some may feel compelled to relocate entirely from their neighbourhoods after their traumatic experiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770618_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770618.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,235396800
4770,20,06,1977,"Tax-relief Call For National Conference (Press, 20 June 1977)","The National Party of New Zealand is set to hold its annual conference in Dunedin from 22 to 25 July 1977, where various significant social issues will be on the agenda. The party president, Mr G. A. Chapman, indicated that the remits scheduled for discussion reflect current community debates, highlighting a mix of controversial topics. Among the key remits to be discussed, there are proposals advocating for tax relief for single-income families, which would involve increasing rebates for dependent spouses and children. Additionally, a remit from the Marlborough electorate suggests offering the second television channel to private enterprise. There are also calls for a referendum on abortion and homosexual law reform to be held during the next General Election from a remit sponsored by Nelson. The conference will examine remits related to enhancing mortgage finance options for first-time home buyers and exploring the concept of including de facto relationships within the Matrimonial Property Act. Discussions will also cover the establishment of mobile pre-school centres for areas with special needs, as well as proposals aimed at imposing stricter penalties for drug offences. Further, there are invitations to review the structure of personal taxation, with calls to increase personal allowances and modify the ratio of direct to indirect taxes to boost living standards and work incentives. A remit from Wellington's Young Nationals will urge the government to ensure greater public access to information while maintaining necessary confidentiality measures. Several electorates will propose various other issues, including better transport solutions for the South Island, the necessity of a defensive driving course for new drivers, and increasing efforts to combat violence through police efficiency and criminal law improvements. Moreover, the Waikato women's section is pushing for a comprehensive review of the current maintenance collection system, while Wanganui delegates wish to maintain the secrecy surrounding adoptive relationships. Porirua seeks to allow widows to earn more before their benefits are affected. Overall, the conference will bring together about 500 delegates and observers to address a wide range of social remits that resonate with ongoing national discussions, reflecting the party's engagement with pressing societal concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770620_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770620.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,235569600
6878,22,06,1977,"Mr Walding Angry About ‘truth’ Transvestite... (Press, 22 June 1977)","On 22 June 1977, former Palmerston North MP J.A. Walding expressed his anger over a story published in the newspaper ""Truth,"" which suggested he had associated with transvestites. Walding, who was in Moscow on a business trip, stated that he would be “damned annoyed” if his family or friends were embarrassed by any implications made by the publication. The controversy began after an article in ""Truth"" claimed that a senior Auckland detective was under investigation for allegedly encouraging a transvestite to sit with Walding in a nightclub called the Crypt. According to the report, a transvestite claimed to have been “set up” by that detective, and a photographer attempted to capture an image of Walding at the club, but his film was reportedly confiscated. Walding defended himself, describing the incident as ridiculous. He recounted that he had entered the nightclub on a whim, intending to grab a meal and a drink. While there, two women he had never met approached him to sit at his table. He agreed, thinking it was a normal social interaction. Later, a man took a photograph of Walding with the two women, which sparked some discontent among nearby patrons. Walding commented that he had no objection to being photographed unexpectedly, dismissing any sinister implications associated with the encounter. He noted that one of the women later informed him that the film had been confiscated, which he remarked was of no concern to him. The woman claimed he had been set up, but Walding took this lightly and left the club to return to his daughter’s home, where he faced a bit of a reprimand for being late. Walding firmly challenged anyone to provide evidence that he had ever knowingly associated with transvestites, insisting he would take legal action if any insinuations continued. Additionally, he received support from his close friend and Palmerston North lawyer, I. de Cleene, who deemed any suggestions of Walding associating with transvestites or homosexuals as ""ludicrous."" De Cleene further stated that Walding’s late arrival for a meal was not surprising given his spontaneous nature and unfamiliarity with the club. Overall, Walding’s response highlighted his indignation regarding the publication's insinuations and underscored his commitment to maintaining his reputation against unfounded allegations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770622_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770622.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,235742400
6609,23,06,1977,"""They Compel Us To Be Honest” (Press, 23 June 1977)","On 23 June 1977, a reflective discourse emerged concerning divisions within the feminist movement in New Zealand, particularly between radical and moderate factions. Ann Hercus, a key figure, expressed that while she remains sympathetic to radical feminists, she is wary of their tactics, which she described as unexpected and unprecedented. Hercus acknowledged a growing disillusionment with the radical segment, citing a traumatic experience that has left her hesitant to collaborate with them again. She lamented that the unity among feminists has been significantly compromised. Margaret Wilson, a lecturer in law at the University of Auckland, also weighed in on the ongoing debate. She highlighted that while radical and lesbian perspectives received attention, it was the radical feminists themselves who often rejected alternative views, leading to divisions within the broader feminist agenda. Wilson has been supportive of radical initiatives in the past, yet she indicated her readiness to distance herself from its current iterations, stating that the radicals have caused a rift and declaring her intent to focus on her projects with the Legal Research Foundation. The discord seems to arise from contrasting principles about the direction and strategy of the feminist movement. Some radical feminists perceive the shift towards moderateness as a dilution of their original goals, fearing that compliance with mainstream values could render the movement ineffective. Conversely, members like Anne Hargraves advocate for a more articulate and direct approach, warning against an overemphasis on 'respectability' that may stifle radical voices. Furthermore, the discourse referenced the first United Women’s Convention in 1973, which radicals claimed was strongly driven by their agenda, suggesting that subsequent gatherings have taken a more conservative turn. Wilson countered this claim, defending the convention as not dominated by radical voices. The discussions surrounding the Christchurch convention that followed revealed both the challenges and the contrasting visions for the future of the feminist movement in New Zealand. Overall, the sentiments expressed by Hercus, Wilson, and other participants indicate a significant ideological schism that is impacting the cohesiveness of the women's movement. Such divisions underscore the complexities of feminist advocacy where varying strategies and beliefs exist, ultimately influencing the movement's effectiveness and unity. The dialogue serves as a testament to the ongoing struggle for balance between radical change and moderate reform within the feminist landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770623_2_158.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770623.2.158,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,235828800
7018,23,06,1977,"Hayes Upset In Squash (Press, 23 June 1977)","In a surprising upset during the A grade squash season, Rod Hayes from Christchurch Ai was defeated by 14-year-old Stuart Davenport, a pupil at Christchurch Boys’ High School and a player for Burnside B. Davenport won the match in four games with scores of 9-7, 5-9, 9-1, and 10-8. Hayes, the Canterbury No. 1 and preparing for a match against renowned amateur player Bruce Brownlee, struggled to assert himself, often playing defensively and allowing Davenport to capitalise on his mistakes. The defeat was notable as just a week prior, Davenport had only managed to score six points against Hayes. Hayes lost the third game with a significant margin and faced teasing from his teammates regarding his performance. Despite having game balls at crucial moments in the fourth game, he ultimately lost after Davenport secured the final point, which involved a lucky nick. For his impressive performance, Davenport was awarded the ""player of the week"" by Fendalton Wine Centre. The results had implications for the competition, allowing High School Old Boys A to take the lead in the standings after their overwhelming defeat of their B team. Other players from Christchurch, including Paul McFadzien, Barrie Matthews, and Bruce Trangmar, enjoyed victories, further demonstrating the team's strength. In the women’s fixtures, Saskia O’Brien from Burnside B faced an unexpected loss to Wendy Dann from Christchurch C in a closely contested five-set match. Meanwhile, Phillipa Lush, the top player from Christchurch, redeemed herself by overcoming Bette King, winning in three games. High School Old Boys A maintained their dominance in the league with a clean sweep against Christchurch B. The current standings showed High School Old Boys A leading the men's competition with 20 points, tied with Christchurch A, followed by Linwood and Christchurch B with 12 points. In the women’s section, High School Old Boys A was ahead with 64 points, with Sumner-Linwood trailing at 52 points. The overall results featured wins and noteworthy performances that highlighted the competitive nature of the squash league in Christchurch, setting the stage for exciting match-ups in the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770623_2_189.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770623.2.189,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,235828800
6610,24,06,1977,"United Women—was It Just A Dream? (Press, 24 June 1977)","The United Women's Convention held in Christchurch has highlighted significant divisions and tensions within the women’s movement in New Zealand. Leone Stewart's report, dated 24 June 1977, emphasises a pivotal moment for the movement, suggesting it is at risk without strong, unified leadership focused on practical social changes. The exclusion of the media from the convention was a striking tactic that raised questions about the movement's cohesion. Many participants, including Ann Hercus and Margaret Wilson, expressed concern that the convention's unity was merely superficial. They believed that while it is vital to acknowledge diversity, the apparent consensus undermined the collective efforts established over the previous 18 months. Delegates felt their energy had been squandered due to tensions among factions, with some leaders wanting to deviate from previously established goals. Critics pointed out that such behaviour mirrored the negative traits associated with traditional male-led hierarchies, suggesting an irony in using methods contrary to the movement’s values. Concerns arose that the current leadership style might alienate ordinary women from the movement, which Helen Marieskind addressed by forecasting a bleak future for any organisation that abandoned grassroots support. The convention showcased vocal radical feminists but left moderate feminists feeling sidelined. There was a call to action for these moderates, as they recognise the need to assert their views and not cede the leadership to more extreme factions. Participants like Anne Hargreaves and Betty Loughead articulated a commitment to focus on specific aspects of feminism, reflecting a desire for a more grounded approach amidst the uncertainties. Many women also reflected on the necessary skills to ascertain effective communication of their perspectives and the need to build coalitions rather than retreat into silos. The role of the media was discussed, with opinions split on whether it was an ally or adversary of the movement. Ann Hercus argued the need for the movement to engage more proactively with the media to broaden awareness around women’s issues. The convention also sought to bridge differences between moderate and radical factions, with positive receptions towards diverse representations, including those from lesbian groups, suggesting an openness that could lead to better solidarity. However, the women's movement must now confront fundamental questions about its identity and purpose. With many women feeling disillusioned and questioning the leadership approaches, there is a pressing need for clarity on policies that address the root causes of discrimination. Overall, the convention's events prompted women to consider how best to navigate their future, underscoring a shared acknowledgment that unity, while challenging, is essential to moving forward effectively in the quest for women's rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770624_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770624.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,235915200
4047,30,06,1977,"Matters Of Concern (Press, 30 June 1977)","The Women's Division of Federated Farmers expressed significant concern regarding the increasing violence and the distortion of sexual themes in contemporary society during their annual conference held in Christchurch on 30 June 1977. A key area of focus was the literature used in sex education, particularly a controversial booklet titled ""Down Under the Plum Trees."" Mrs Grace L. Godsail, a Dominion councillor from North Otago and the convener of the education committee, highlighted that insidious influences seem to be permeating society. Godsail articulated the view that sex is being overly emphasised and misrepresented. She argued that there should be a concerted effort to promote healthy attitudes concerning sexual education instead. The booklet in question, she stated, is unnecessary and poses a danger because it treats sex as a novelty or form of entertainment, rather than representing it as a natural expression of deep affection. According to Godsail, sex should be framed as an essential component of pair bonding in stable, lasting relationships. Additionally, there was concern among members about the presence of organisations such as Gay Liberation in schools. A delegate from Marlborough voiced this apprehension in support of the recommendation put forth at the conference, suggesting that such influences could further complicate the discourse around sexual education for young people. Overall, the discussions at the conference reflected a strong desire among the Women's Division to safeguard traditional values and promote a more positive and realistic understanding of sexuality within education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770630_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770630.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,236433600
6611,30,06,1977,"News (Press, 30 June 1977)","Suzy Quatro is set to perform at the Christchurch Town Hall on July 9, 1977, contributing to a lineup of notable artists visiting New Zealand. Melanie Safka will also be making a return to the country with a concert scheduled for July 31. Additionally, Uri Geller, known for his spoon-bending acts, is expected to perform in August. John Martyn is also on the roster, with his performance planned for either late August or early November. In the music charts, Pink Floyd's iconic album ""Dark Side of the Moon"" has reached a significant milestone, having spent its 100th week on the New Zealand top 40 albums chart. In local music news, Auckland has welcomed a new punk rock band called The Scavengers, who have made a name for themselves at Moody Richard’s Club. Emulating the trends of their international peers, the band members have adopted punk-style personas, with names such as Mike Lesbian for lead vocals, Johnny Volume on lead guitar, Malicious on bass, and Destruction on drums. Their approach has included incorporating obscenities into their performances, further aligning with the punk rock ethos.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770630_2_91_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770630.2.91.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,236433600
4048,01,07,1977,"Gay Liberation And W.d.f.f. (Press, 1 July 1977)","In a letter to the editor published on 1 July 1977, Mike Waghorne, the Editor of the Gay Liberation Front Newsletter, criticises members of the Women's Division of Federated Farmers for their disconnectedness from the realities faced by those living in less privileged conditions. He argues that individuals who are accustomed to comfort and luxury often blame societal issues on those who struggle, specifically targeting the trend of blaming working mothers and misleading narratives about homosexuals. Waghorne defends the Gay Liberation movement, stating that it does not adhere to restrictive sexual stereotypes and supports a view of sexuality that acknowledges it as a natural expression of affection and an important aspect of partnership. He points out the exclusion faced by the Gay Liberation Front, noting that in the past 15 months, they have only been invited to one school in Christchurch and none in Marlborough, highlighting the ongoing discrimination and lack of understanding surrounding gay rights and relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770701_2_118_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770701.2.118.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,236520000
4049,02,07,1977,"Gay Liberation And The W.d.f.f. (Press, 2 July 1977)","A series of letters addressing local issues and concerns appeared in the press, with the first from Mike Waghorne, the editor of the Gay Liberation Front newsletter, which responded to a previous critique published on July 1, 1977. Waghorne clarified that his criticisms were not intended for all members of the Women's Division of Federated Farmers, but rather specifically aimed at some members. He expressed dissatisfaction that the word ""some"" had been deleted during editing, which altered the intent of his message. Another prominent topic in the letters was the construction of a tavern in Christchurch. L. Selby voiced alarm regarding the Paparua County Council planning committee’s decision to build a tavern in a developing low-cost housing area on Buchanan’s Road. Selby highlighted that there are already seven hotels within a 4 km radius of the proposed site, and noted the proximity of Gilberthorpes School, which is less than 100 metres away. Concerns were raised about the potential negative impact on the community and criticism of town planners, who Selby believes have failed to learn from past mistakes. In a related letter, J. Waghorn raised questions about the Licensing Control Commission's requirement for a tavern licence near Stourbridge and Lyttelton Streets. Waghorn wondered whether there was a connection between the tavern site and the recently approved construction of a sports stadium at Centennial Park, located approximately half a mile from the proposed tavern location. These letters reflect the ongoing discourse in Christchurch regarding urban planning and the implications of new developments on community well-being.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770702_2_98_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770702.2.98.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,236606400
4050,04,07,1977,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 4 July 1977)","In a series of letters published on 4 July 1977, various topics from education to women's rights and environmental concerns were discussed. One correspondent, Andrew Peach, critiqued the University of Canterbury's special admission policy, arguing that the reliance on paper qualifications instead of academic potential hindered capable students. The university’s Registrar defended the policy, stating that they have a committee in place to assess applicants' readiness for university study. Further letters addressed the recent United Women’s Convention, highlighting differing perspectives on women’s rights and media representation. Correspondent B. Roberts felt that certain important events were omitted in coverage of the convention, specifically regarding media's engagement with the issues presented by women. Other letters praised Leone Stewart's reporting as a sign of progress in the women’s movement. On another issue, issues regarding class sizes in schools were debated, with one letter criticising the impracticality of unstreamed classes, while another called for a focus on community needs rather than individual needs in education policies. Correspondents also raised concerns about environmental issues, such as the state of West Coast forests, urging a reconsideration of myths regarding forest maturity. Additionally, discussions about legal aid for families affected by crime underscored disparities in receiving assistance based on perceived financial status. A letter about electoral fairness questioned the seating distribution versus voting percentages, while another suggested improvements to cycling infrastructure in Christchurch for safety and environmental benefits. The debates showcased a vibrant public discourse on social, educational, and environmental matters reflective of the era's pressing concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770704_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770704.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,236779200
4771,05,07,1977,"Hunt For Bodies In California (Press, 5 July 1977)","On 5 July 1977, California police initiated a search for the bodies of up to 35 victims linked to a series of homosexual murders, prompted by the surrender of two suspected sex killers. The suspects, Patrick Kearney, 37, and David Hill, 34, went to the Riverside County sheriff’s office, located 95 kilometres east of Los Angeles, where they identified themselves on a wanted poster. They have been detained on suspicion of two murders but are also under investigation for involvement in six additional killings. A police spokesperson noted that robbery was not a motive in these crimes, which primarily revolved around sexual violence. The authorities reported that eight victims had already been found, all stripped of their clothes, shot in the back of the head, and disposed of in plastic bags along highways in Los Angeles. Following interviews with Kearney and Hill, a deputy indicated that the investigation might uncover as many as 30 to 35 more victims. Consequently, searches commenced across southern California to identify potential burial sites based on the suspects' statements. In addition to the ongoing investigation linked to Kearney and Hill, the police are looking into a separate series of similar homosexual murders that occurred in Long Beach in 1975, which have been referred to as “the jigsaw murders” due to the mutilation of the victims.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770705_2_68_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770705.2.68.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,236865600
7019,07,07,1977,"A Slight Case Of Name-dropping (Press, 7 July 1977)","The announcement that W. K. Bush, a prominent prop for the All Blacks, wishes to be called by his given name, Kingi, has created a stir in rugby circles. The story, reported by Ray Calms in ""The Press"" on 7 July 1977, highlights the confusion this name change has generated among players and officials who have referred to him as Bill for many years. Mr. S. F. Hill, the joint selector-coach of Canterbury, noted that the 100 kg (16st) footballer is known by various names, including Bill and Bushy, among teammates. Hill expressed sympathy for Bush's situation, mentioning that he, too, has a variety of names linked to different contexts—“Tiny” among rugby players, “Stan” in Canterbury, and “Frank” in Taranaki. Despite the desire for a change, Bush himself acknowledged the mixed reactions surrounding his name preference. While he indicated a preference for Kingi, he expressed willingness to continue answering to Bill, given that it is a name he has carried for a long time. The precedent for using a first name in lieu of a nickname had previously been set by former Prime Minister Wallace Rowling, showcasing a cultural acceptance of such shifts. Overall, the announcement reflects a deeper conversation about identity in the world of sport, emphasizing how names and personal identification can evolve within public settings. As far as ""The Press"" is concerned, W. K. Bush will be referred to as Bill Bush going forward.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770707_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770707.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,237038400
4051,13,07,1977,"Gay Coalition Formed (Press, 13 July 1977)","The National Gay Rights Coalition has been established in New Zealand, claiming to represent over 1,000 members and advocate for the rights of approximately 150,000 individuals. The coalition's formation stems from an initiative by Robin Duff, a teacher at Burnside High School, who proposed the idea in 1976. Duff has a history of involvement in gay rights activism, having joined a group called Gay Liberation in 1972, running for the Values Party in Hastings, and being president of the University of Canterbury Students' Association in 1973. He also established the Campaign for Homosexual Equality. Several Christchurch groups have joined the coalition, including the Gay Liberation Front, Campaign for Homosexual Equality, Gay Teachers' Union, and Gay University Students' Society. The coalition's announcement coincides with the anniversary of the defeat of the Crimes Amendment Bill in 1975, which aimed to decriminalise homosexual behaviour between consenting males aged 20 and over, as well as the upcoming ""Gay Pride Week"" from 24 to 30 July. One of the coalition's primary goals is to advocate for the inclusion of ""sexual orientation"" in the Human Rights Commission Bill, which would offer legal protections against discrimination for gay individuals. The coalition highlights the daily injustices faced by gay people, including ridicule and physical violence, and urges parliamentarians to act to safeguard their civil rights. The coalition criticises the media for what it describes as systematic anti-gay bias, mentioning four newspapers that refused to accept advertisements promoting gay organisations over the past year, including the Taranaki Herald and the Daily Telegraph (Napier). Furthermore, the coalition points out that the lack of adequate legislation leaves homosexuals vulnerable to discrimination in employment and housing, leading to a lack of recourse in cases of unfair treatment. The coalition aims to raise awareness and address these issues to ensure that gay individuals in New Zealand receive the legal protections they need.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770713_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770713.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,237556800
4773,16,07,1977,"28 Believed Killed By ‘gay’ Murderer (Press, 16 July 1977)","On 16 July 1977, a grand jury in Riverside, California, handed down three murder indictments against Patrick Kearney, while simultaneously dropping charges against his housemate, David Hill, in connection with the so-called ""trash-bag murders."" This case has been linked to the deaths of 28 young men, with many of the victims’ dismembered bodies discovered dumped in plastic trash bags along roadsides. Should all 28 murders be confirmed as connected, this would become the largest mass homicide in United States history. Patrick Kearney, a 37-year-old aircraft designer, alongside his 34-year-old housemate David Hill, voluntarily surrendered to police on 1 July 1977. Following their surrender, Kearney reportedly made extensive confessions, which assisted law enforcement in locating at least one dismembered body associated with the case. The grand jury's decision to indict Kearney on three murder charges was announced, while they decided not to indict Hill, with prosecutor Byron Morton noting that the evidence against Hill was insufficient. The formal charges against Hill were dismissed during a Riverside municipal court session on this day. This case has drawn comparisons to a previous mass killing incident in 1973, where 27 murders linked to a homosexual ring in Texas had been recorded as the largest prior mass homicide in the United States.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770716_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770716.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,237816000
4772,16,07,1977,"The Courts Man Who Intended To Take Cannabis To... (Press, 16 July 1977)","On 16 July 1977, Robert Malcolm Haines, a 19-year-old man, was convicted on four drug-related charges in the Magistrate's Court. The case was presided over by Mr. N. L. Bradford, S.M., with Haines remanded in custody until 22 July for a probation report and sentencing. Sergeant B. G. Saunders provided details about the police search conducted at Haines' residence on 28 June, during which officers discovered 180 sticks of cannabis, totalling 103.8 grams, wrapped in tinfoil. Testimonies from other residents revealed that Haines had sold cannabis to them, with one individual stating he paid $10 and another more than $100 for the drug. Haines admitted to selling cannabis for about four months, starting small but progressing to larger quantities. He claimed his supply came from various sources and stated he was selling the drug to settle a car payment and had exchanged cannabis for stolen property. Another case involved 26-year-old Myrna Wallace, who also faced drug charges for possessing cannabis with intent to sell. She was found to have 45.6 grams of cannabis at her address, which she had purchased for $260, intending to sell it in $10 portions. Wallace pleaded guilty and was similarly remanded until 22 July for sentencing. In a separate incident, Christopher Joseph Tuanui, an unemployed machine operator, was sentenced to four months of periodic detention for assaulting a police constable and was discharged on an obscene language charge. Tuanui had caused a disturbance on a bus on 14 July and assaulted Constable C. H. Edwards while being questioned by the police. Yvor Allan Lahete, 26, was convicted and fined $150 for being a rogue and vagabond after he followed undercover policemen from a public toilet, inquiring about potential sexual encounters. The court took a strong stance against his behaviour. Alan Lawrence Shakes received a month in jail for driving under the influence and reckless driving, after being found asleep in his car. His driver’s licence was suspended for three years, and he was placed on probation for 12 months upon release. The Magistrate highlighted the dangerous nature of his driving behaviour. Wayne Derek Kirkness faced 24 charges of burglary and attempted burglary, with the Magistrate imposing a one-year jail sentence, noting the sustained nature of his offending across different Christchurch properties between April and June. Peter Raponi, aged 22, was sentenced to a year in jail for burglary-related offences, with the court noting his chronic drug dependency as a significant factor in his criminal behaviour. Lastly, two young women, Olive Epps and Terri Derbyshire, both in their twenties, were sentenced to 18 months' probation and required to complete 100 hours of community work for stealing a cassette player worth $270 from an unlocked car. The Magistrate deemed their actions as impulsive.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770716_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770716.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,237816000
6612,20,07,1977,"Katherine Mansfield ‘a Tragic Woman’ (Press, 20 July 1977)","A new analysis of Katherine Mansfield's tumultuous life and marriage has emerged in the book ""Married to Genius,"" written by Jeffrey Meyers. The book examines how the marital dynamics of several prominent twentieth-century writers—including Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, D. H. Lawrence, Virginia Woolf, and George Bernard Shaw—affected their artistic output, with a specific focus on Mansfield's relationship with her husband, John Middleton Murry, and her father. Meyers contends that Mansfield's complicated feelings towards her father, a self-made tycoon whom she regarded as both the richest and meanest man in New Zealand, shaped her views on men. He suggests that her father's provision of financial support instead of emotional nurturing contributed to her deep-seated insecurity. As a result, Mansfield sought emotional solace that her husband was unable to provide. Murry often distanced himself from her emotional needs, leading to an increasingly strained relationship. Throughout their challenging marriage, particularly during the winters that Mansfield spent outside England due to health issues, Murry's refusal to accompany her highlighted the cracks in their union. Mansfield's realisation that ""all was not well"" in their relationship was exacerbated by feelings of abandonment, which she expressed in her 1919 poem ""The New Husband,"" framing herself as a helpless child abandoned by Murry, with death framing her as a potential escape. Meyers illustrates how Murry's frugality added to Mansfield's hardships, suggesting that his acceptance of her deteriorating health and his romanticised vision of her illness hastened her demise. Influenced by Murry's perception of her as a ""doomed genius,"" Mansfield began to view herself as part of the legacy of artists who had succumbed to tuberculosis. Despite medical advice in 1918 suggesting that a year of discipline in a sanatorium could save her, Murry's reluctance to push her towards recovery is implicated in her tragic fate. Mansfield is depicted as a figure of female liberation for her time, engaging in behaviours such as smoking, sporting bobbed hair, and having lesbian experiences, alongside an abortion. Nonetheless, she experienced frustration over her childlessness, yearning for a conventional and secure marriage—a partnership akin to that of George Eliot and George Henry Lewes, which emphasised equality. Although Murry possessed charm and attractiveness, Meyers characterises him as insensitive and lacking in intelligence, unable to fulfil Mansfield's desire for an egalitarian relationship. In her final reflections on their life together, Mansfield poignantly acknowledged the strain of their marriage: ""Life together, with me ill, is simply torture with happy moments. But it is not life."" This insight captures the essence of her struggle for both artistic expression and personal fulfilment amidst a tumultuous marital landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770720_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770720.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238161600
4052,20,07,1977,"Wear A Badge For Us, Says Gay Liberation (Press, 20 July 1977)","On 20 July 1977, supporters of homosexual rights were set to gather at the Citizens’ War Memorial in Cathedral Square to commence Gay Pride Week. The event was organized by the Gay Liberation Front, which advocates that homosexuals represent an oppressed minority in society. A key theme of the gathering was to remember the historical persecution of homosexuals, particularly during the Nazi regime in World War II. The Gay Liberation Front spokesman, Mr M. Waghorne, articulated that over 100,000 homosexuals were exterminated by the Nazis in dedicated concentration camps. He drew parallels between the yellow star enforced on Jews and the pink triangle imposed on homosexuals, both used to identify and segregate these groups. Furthermore, Mr Waghorne referenced the solidarity demonstrated by Christian Danes who wore yellow stars as a stance against Nazi discrimination. In a similar spirit, participants in Christchurch were encouraged to wear pink triangles as a symbol of their opposition to discrimination against homosexuals. The gathering would also include a wreath-laying ceremony, with a religious minister invited to participate. Gay Pride Week was packed with various events aimed at promoting awareness and discussion around homosexual rights. On the following Tuesday, a public forum was scheduled to be held at the Horticultural Hall at 7.30 p.m., where representatives from multiple political parties and trade unions would join the conversation. Two additional forums were slated to take place later in the week—one at the University of Canterbury's Student Union Building at 1 p.m. on Wednesday, and another in collaboration with the Socialist Action League on August 5. Additionally, a talk-back show discussing homosexuality was planned on local radio station 3ZB for Monday night from 10.30 p.m. to 11 p.m. Social activities throughout the week included a ball and a film screening, all designed to foster community engagement and support for homosexual rights. The events aimed to encourage open dialogue and challenge societal discrimination, marking an important moment in the ongoing struggle for homosexual freedom and equality in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770720_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770720.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238161600
4774,21,07,1977,"Homosexuals Face Hard Fight To Win Tolerance (Press, 21 July 1977)","In 1977, the sentiment surrounding homosexual rights in New Zealand reflected a landscape of mixed progress and setbacks. In the late 1960s, there was a sense of optimism among homosexuals as societal norms appeared to be loosening, leading many to believe that tolerance and legal recognition of their rights were achievable. However, by the mid-1970s, this optimism had diminished, especially after significant legislative defeats, such as the July 1975 parliamentary vote against amending laws to legalise consensual homosexual acts, which occurred with a close margin of 34 to 29. Despite the presence of a considerable homosexual population in New Zealand, estimated conservatively at over 100,000, public sentiment remained largely unfavourable. The influence of Prime Minister Robert Muldoon, who was known for reflecting the conservative “gut feelings” of the average New Zealander, suggested that many New Zealanders were resistant to change regarding the legal and social status of homosexuals. This was further evidenced by reactions within the Labour Party, where some members expressed doubts that advocating for the legalisation of homosexual acts would benefit the party's political standing. Moreover, some party figures suggested that rather than legislative reform, improvements in medical care were necessary, which frustrated many activists. On the church front, some denominations began to reassess their views on homosexuality, while others maintained traditional stances that contributed to societal repression. For instance, a Catholic bishop distinguished between having homosexual tendencies and acting on them, reflecting a conflicted perspective within religious institutions. In response to ongoing discrimination, the National Gay Rights Coalition in New Zealand was poised to launch a new campaign aimed at calling attention to their plight and urging Parliament to reconsider its previous decisions. This came in a context where similar resistance was being faced by homosexuals internationally, as evidenced by a recent election in Miami that rejected anti-discrimination laws for homosexuals. Despite challenges, ongoing activism remained robust both in New Zealand and abroad. In the United States, for instance, there was a push for federal legislation to outlaw discrimination based on sexual preference, mirroring the aims of New Zealand's activists who sought to include ""sexual orientation"" in anti-discrimination protections under an upcoming Human Rights Commission Bill. However, resistance from government officials, like the Minister of Justice, underscored the entrenched attitudes that impeded progress. The political and social atmosphere in 1977 suggested that while there was an active movement for change, the struggle for civil rights for homosexuals in New Zealand faced significant hurdles, exacerbated by both societal attitudes and legislative resistance. The path toward equality appeared daunting, but the determination of activists indicated that they would continue to fight for their rights amidst a climate of discrimination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770721_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770721.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238248000
4775,22,07,1977,"'July Front’ To Greet National Party Delegates (Press, 22 July 1977)","On 22 July 1977, National Party members gathered in Dunedin for a significant four-day conference, characterised as an election-year meeting. The timing coincided with a high consumers price index, which has raised concerns among economic commentators about the nation's economic health. The conference was scheduled to commence at 2 p.m., after attendees had absorbed the recent Budget's implications. The Mayor of Dunedin, Sir James Barnes, was set to open the session. Simultaneously, a group named the “July Front” planned to demonstrate outside the venue, intending to picket the Octagon and the Town Hall later in the afternoon, followed by a rally in the evening. Despite the protest, demonstrators and police agreed to avoid any physical disruptions. A spokesperson for the group indicated that their slogan would focus on conveying the views of ordinary people. Among the topics anticipated to incite considerable debate during the conference was a proposal from the Nelson branch advocating for a national referendum on abortion and homosexual law reform. Additionally, a remit from Dunedin North sought tax relief for single-income families. A total of 61 remits were slated for discussion, with only 13 being presented to the full party membership, while the remainder would be handled by special committees from the following day. The conference also planned to allocate extra time during the preliminary session on the following Monday to discuss remits submitted throughout the event, a departure from previous practices. Other contentious subjects expected to be discussed included matters related to poaching, rape, fishing zones, and the Armed Services. More than 1,000 delegates and observers from the 92 electorates were anticipated to attend the conference. In the lead-up to the meeting, there were reports of potential changes to the conference agenda due to delays faced by Mr Talboys in London, who was remaining ""on call"" while European Ministers in Brussels deliberated over a price increase for New Zealand dairy produce. The outcomes of this conference and its discussions on various social and economic issues were set to have implications for the National Party and the political landscape in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770722_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770722.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238334400
4778,23,07,1977,"Danish Sex Claim 'pure Bluff' (Press, 23 July 1977)","The president of a Danish anti-pornography organisation, S. A. Laursen, has vehemently rejected claims that sex crimes have decreased in Denmark since the abolition of censorship. Laursen leads L.I.B.E.R. (an acronym that stands for an organisation opposed to the indoctrination of children) and is currently on a speaking tour in New Zealand, sponsored by the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards. He addressed a public meeting in Christchurch, chaired by the city's mayor, H. G. Hay. Denmark abolished censorship of written materials in 1967, followed by pictorial materials in 1969. According to Laursen, since this removal, the quality of pornographic literature has deteriorated, focusing now on ""perverted"" themes such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sadism, and buggery, a stark contrast to the previous emphasis on “normal sexual intercourse” between men and women. He presented statistics claiming that while sex crimes appeared to have decreased, this trend actually began prior to the abolition of censorship, stabilising as various sections of the criminal code were modified. Laursen sarcastically suggested that if Denmark could eliminate all crime simply by repealing existing laws, it would be the first nation to achieve such a feat. One of Laursen's main objectives is to oppose mandatory sex education for schoolchildren, arguing that the promised freedom following censorship removal has now been imposed upon 14 to 16-year-olds. He noted that parents can no longer exempt their children from sex education in schools. Citing a Danish school text titled “Boy, Girl, Man, Woman,” he highlighted its explicit claims about teenage male behaviour, questioning whether such content should be presented to children. Furthermore, Laursen criticised the Danish State Church for its inaction, highlighting the potential for blasphemous teaching materials that unsettle traditional Christian values, such as a book depicting controversial relationships involving Jesus Christ. The meeting also featured contributions from Miss Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for the Protection of Community Standards. Resolutions were passed advocating for amendments to the Education Act to allow parents to preview educational materials and to require parental consent for children's participation in sex education classes. Additionally, the assembly sought governmental reviews aimed at ensuring social studies, physical education, and health courses are not used manipulatively. A notable proposal called for the prohibition of contraception education and banned any individual with commercial ties to sex education or contraceptives from teaching in schools.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770723_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770723.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238420800
4776,23,07,1977,"Defence Of A Harsh Judge (Press, 23 July 1977)","The biography ""Goddard: A Biography"" by Fenton Bresler, with a foreword by Lord Denning, focuses on the life and career of Rayner Goddard, a prominent figure in British law. Although Goddard, a lawyer and judge, had a long and successful career, he largely remained unnoticed outside his professional realm until becoming the Lord Chief Justice of England in 1946. His tenure in this role lasted twelve years and significantly shaped public perception of him, making him a controversial figure, which takes up a substantial portion of Bresler’s book. Goddard was educated at Marlborough and Oxford and was admitted to the bar around the turn of the 20th century. He built a successful legal practice before ascending to the Bench and eventually reaching the House of Lords in 1944. During his time as Lord Chief Justice, Goddard became known for his old-fashioned and stern views. He openly supported flogging, capital punishment, and strict consequences for homosexual conduct. His advocacy in Parliamentary debates played a pivotal role in maintaining capital punishment in England until 1965. Throughout his judicial career, Goddard presided over several notable and sensational cases, including the libel action involving Laski, the sentencing of Klaus Fuchs, and the highly publicised trial of Craig and Bentley. The latter case, where Bentley was sentenced to death while Craig received a lesser sentence due to his age, raised significant questions regarding Goddard’s judicial approach and tactics. Bresler’s account benefits from the cooperation of Goddard's family but is scrutinised for potential bias; despite claims of impartiality, the biography reflects substantial flattery and a defensive tone regarding Goddard's legacy, especially in light of Bernard Levin's critical assessment published shortly after Goddard's death. Levin accused Goddard of obstructing penal reform and highlighted his harshness and ignorance in understanding human behaviour. While Bresler does acknowledge some of Levin’s criticisms, he defends Goddard by emphasizing his dedication, work ethic, and a few constructive proposals during his career. However, he does not shy away from noting Goddard's reactionary stances and impatience, particularly during trials, where his emotional language and apparent bias could raise eyebrows today. For instance, in the contentious Craig and Bentley case, Goddard’s comments to the jury about the defendants relied on emotional conjecture rather than solid evidence. Though Bresler crafts an engaging narrative about Goddard’s life, the portrayal remains complex, revealing a figure who, while proficient in his legal duties, occasionally lacked the decorum and impartiality expected at his judicial level. The biography ultimately underscores a man whose contributions to the legal field were substantial but marred by controversies surrounding his methods and ideologies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770723_2_101_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770723.2.101.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238420800
4777,23,07,1977,"Voices Of Our Country (Press, 23 July 1977)","The review, published on 23 July 1977, discusses ""Ten Modern New Zealand Story Writers,"" an anthology curated by Phoebe Meikle. This is Meikle's fourth anthology, featuring a total of 16 stories—six long and five groups of shorter pieces—from notable writers including Maurice Duggan, Maurice Gee, Patricia Grace, Rowley Habib, Witi Ihimaera, Fiona Kidman, O. E. Middleton, Phillip Mincher, C. K. Stead, and Margaret Sutherland. Most of the included stories are previously published, with 11 having been written after 1970. The anthology is notable for its approach, where each longer story is often accompanied by shorter works by the same author. This structure allows readers to delve deeper into the thematic explorations of each writer and to experience character perspectives from various angles. The diversity of themes and styles is highlighted, ranging from Duggan's witty take on betrayal in “Along Rideout Road that Summer” to Ihimaera's straightforward narratives on Maori kinship. The anthology strikes a balance between Maori and Pakeha narratives and presents an equal representation of male and female perspectives. The reviewer particularly praises Fiona Kidman's contributions, ""A Woman of Property"" and ""The Stung Ones,"" which tackle the complex subjects of cross-generational love and homosexual love, respectively. The review argues that the skilled handling of these challenging themes showcases the maturity and sophistication of New Zealand's short story writers. In summary, the anthology is well-received, reflecting that New Zealand short story authors have arrived as significant voices in literature, effectively managing the intricacies of modern storytelling.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770723_2_101_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770723.2.101.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238420800
4779,25,07,1977,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 25 July 1977)","A recent story recounted an unexpected encounter with cheetah cubs during World War II by soldiers from the Long Range Desert Group (L.R.D.G.) in North Africa. While seeking refuge in a cave, the soldiers discovered four cheetah cubs, likely orphans. They quickly departed to avoid confrontation with the mother cheetah. The cubs were taken to the L.R.D.G. headquarters at an oasis and initially fed army milk powder, but only one survived. Upon switching their diet to fresh gazelle meat shot by the soldiers, the remaining cub thrived. When the soldiers returned for re-equipment after their six-month tour, the surviving cheetah was taken to the Cairo Zoo. In another notable event, Hector, a long-serving parrot and mascot of Farmers’ store in Auckland, passed away in his sleep at the age of 131. He had been a fixture in the store for 44 years and famously greeted children with the word ""Hello."" Hector often toured New Zealand, delighting thousands, and significant birthday celebrations occurred when he turned 100. Following his death, the store planned a memorial sale in his honour, aligning with what the community believed he would have wanted. Additionally, on Friday evening, a new programme titled “The Adventure World of Sir Edmund Hillary” aired on TV1, which stirred memories for a former R.N.Z.A.F. officer in Christchurch. The officer had previously taught navigation to Hillary during World War II. Although he had discarded the assessment card he received during the course, he later regretted it, especially after Hillary became renowned for climbing Mount Everest in May 1953, while his card had described him as “simply a plodder.” In political news, G. A. Chapman, president of the National Party, addressed the party’s conference in Dunedin, critiquing the Labour Party’s embrace of socialism. He stated that regardless of its specific label—be it democratic, national, or socialist unity—such socialism implies control over critical economic sectors. He chose the labels intentionally, pointing out the historical connotations associated with them. The Christchurch International Film Festival chose “A Bigger Splash,” a documentary about the British painter David Hockney, for its opening during “Gay Pride Week.” The film, noted for its colourful imagery and frank exploration of homosexuality, received acclaim and has won multiple festival awards. Finally, a notable incident involving Chief Kaiser Matanzima, leader of the Transkei, highlighted the colour-bar laws in South Africa. Matanzima and his bodyguards entered a ""whites-only"" restaurant and demanded service, ultimately being served after a brief confrontation. The situation attracted a crowd of onlookers, reflecting the tensions surrounding apartheid-era restrictions. In a lighter note, a court appearance was marked by an amusing case where a witness misidentified a reporter as the assailant in an assault case, underscoring the sometimes chaotic nature of courtroom testimonies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770725_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770725.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238593600
4780,26,07,1977,"Nats Knock Poll Remit (Press, 26 July 1977)","At the National Party conference held in Dunedin on 25 July 1977, a proposal calling for a referendum on abortion and homosexual law reform during the 1978 General Election was defeated. The proposal, brought forth by the Nelson electorate, faced a significant rejection, with the vote approximately two to one against. National Party president Mr G. A. Chapman informed delegates that discussions would revolve solely around the referendum process rather than the substantive issues of abortion and homosexuality. The proposal was further challenged when an amendment suggested by the party's retiring women's vice-president, Mrs Julie Cameron, which aimed to make the referendum's outcome binding on Parliament, was also refused. Proponents of the remit argued that it would allow New Zealanders to participate meaningfully in significant moral debates through a conscience vote. Mr Dim Cable from Nelson highlighted that New Zealanders have a history of voting on various issues, including compulsory military training and prohibition, asserting their capability to decide on these contentious matters. Mr Cable expressed that the report from the Royal Commission on abortion had only served to complicate an already convoluted issue, and he argued Parliament should take the public's views into consideration through a referendum. He claimed that this would help alleviate the pressure surrounding the sensitive topics. In contrast, Mr D. J. More from Dunedin North suggested that a simple yes-or-no answer in a referendum would not suffice to address the complexities of the issues at hand. He emphasised the role of MPs in gauging constituents' opinions directly rather than relying on a public vote. Mrs J. Tait-Jamieson from the dominion council raised concerns about the level of public awareness regarding the Royal Commission’s report, stating that among a group of 20 women at the conference, only four had read it. She warned that this limited exposure would lead to an uninformed public vote should a referendum occur. Similarly, other speakers noted apprehensions about the potential outcome of a referendum based on a possibly uninformed electorate. Mr T. Hunt from Pakuranga argued against fears surrounding the referendum, pointing out that uninformed individuals had been allowed to vote on prohibitive measures without requiring knowledge of the liquor industry's Royal Commission report. Mr Michael Watson from Tamaki expressed his disbelief at the arguments against the referendum, highlighting the potential positive engagement it could foster within the community. Overall, the conference revealed deep divisions within the party regarding the handling of these contentious social issues, culminating in the decision to reject the call for a referendum.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770726_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770726.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238680000
6613,27,07,1977,"The Spy Russians Do Not Want To Love (Press, 27 July 1977)","On 27 July 1977, a report by Dennis Barker for the Guardian highlighted the ongoing challenge faced by United Artists in screening James Bond films in Eastern bloc countries, especially Russia. The firm has seen significant financial success from the Bond series, grossing $600 million, but efforts to introduce these films to Russian and other Eastern cinemas have consistently faced resistance. Pawsey, a spokesperson for United Artists, noted that the obstacles to screening Bond films in these regions are quite severe, likening the difficulty of negotiating distribution rights to ""having teeth drawn."" The underlying issue appears to be related to cultural and political sensitivities. For instance, while Bond films such as ""Diamonds Are Forever"" do not seem inherently political, their portrayal of characters and narratives is problematic for Russian film buyers. The portrayal of defectors and villains who stray from traditional Russian representations has been particularly problematic, with Pawsey pointing out that the presence of defectors in the plot is unacceptable to Russian audiences. To explore the sentiments from the Eastern bloc, Barker consulted representatives from different embassies. Valery Zemskov from the Russian Embassy expressed hesitance to debate the topic but indicated that the films did not meet their standards for ""film art."" In contrast, Edit Abri from the Hungarian Embassy was more candid, describing the Bond films as ""silly"" and lacking in quality, suggesting that some socialist countries reject them due to their perceived absence of cultural value. She acknowledged the interest and adventure inherent in the films but maintained that they do not represent worthwhile artistic merit. The financial aspect also plays a role in the rejection of Bond films. The Russian market might be more receptive if they could engage in a reciprocal exchange, offering some of their films in return. However, United Artists operates on a strict commercial basis and asserts that their measures for evaluating Russian films often lead to disappointment, given that they struggle to find financially viable options among them. With Bond movies being costly to produce, a successful deal seems unlikely if Russian distributors are unable to offer fair compensation. As things stand, despite Bond's growing popularity elsewhere, the likelihood of the famous British agent appearing in Eastern cinemas remains low.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770727_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770727.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238766400
4781,28,07,1977,"Gay Life ‘not Very Visible’ (Press, 28 July 1977)","During a recent public forum held as part of Gay Pride Week, Dr J. L. Moffat, a lecturer from Christchurch Postprimary Teachers’ College, drew a noteworthy comparison between homosexuality and an iceberg. He explained that while only a small part of an iceberg is visible above water, a significant portion remains hidden beneath the surface, much like the societal understanding of homosexuality. Dr Moffat pointed out that most people only perceive a ""dirty little rock,"" which symbolizes the ignorance surrounding the topic. He expressed concern about general misconceptions, stating that even individuals with traditional family structures may not recognise their own homosexual inclinations. Dr Moffat highlighted that it has been ten years since homosexuality was decriminalised in Britain, yet New Zealand remains stagnant in its progress regarding gay rights and recognition. He stated that this reflects poorly on New Zealand as an old-fashioned country steeped in ignorance, an observation that he found shameful. The forum also featured contributions from other speakers, including Mr P. Piesse, the secretary of the Storemen and Packers’ Union, who noted that unions in New Zealand do not have formal policies addressing homosexuality and largely ignore its existence. Labour Party candidate Mr N. Anderson emphasised that the struggle for homosexual recognition is akin to the rights movements faced by women and Māori communities. The meeting included representatives from various political groups, including the Values Party and the Socialist Action League, alongside a member of the Canterbury University law faculty, all of whom advocated for homosexual equality. The chairperson, Mr M. Waghome, remarked that while the perspectives shared at the forum might seem biased, the absence of counterarguments was not due to a lack of invitations extended to local members of Parliament and representatives from major religions, as they had all declined to participate. Overall, the forum aimed to address the pressing issues regarding homosexual rights in New Zealand, seeking to educate the public and challenge the prevailing attitudes that contribute to the marginalisation of the LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770728_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770728.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,238852800
4783,04,08,1977,"Dud Cheques Buy Thousands Of Dollars Of Comfort (Press, 4 August 1977)","On 4 August 1977, a series of cases were addressed in the local Magistrate's Court. A 21-year-old woman was remanded to 17 August after facing 14 charges of false pretence amounting to over $3470. She reportedly acquired electrical equipment, cassette players, groceries, air travel, and clothing from Christchurch stores using false cheques. The magistrate, Mr B. A. Palmer, S.M., highlighted the seriousness of the charges and granted bail set at $750, alongside a surety of the same amount and a requirement for daily reporting. The woman's name was suppressed due to medical evidence presented by her counsel. In another case, Euan Douglas Lyall, a 27-year-old opossum hunter, was convicted and fined $440 for possessing six detonators and cannabis. Lyall pleaded guilty to both charges after being stopped by police on 11 July. During the stop, evidence of cannabis possession emerged, leading to a subsequent search of his home that uncovered the detonators. Although his defence maintained that the detonators were used for work purposes and that he possessed cannabis for personal use, the magistrate expressed concern over the dangerous nature of detonators and the need for strict regulation. Additionally, Kevin Warren Tapley-Bell, a 21-year-old head waiter, was fined $200 for frequenting a public toilet with felonious intent. He admitted to being homosexual and sought a connection there. The magistrate concluded that the observed behaviours indicated frequenting, despite the defence's argument that only one visit occurred. Kim Christine Prangnell was released on probation for 12 months after pleading guilty to being idle and disorderly. Found with only 12 cents while in a flat with others, her counsel argued she was merely a visitor. The magistrate remarked on her prior unemployment but noted improvements in her circumstances, suggesting the charge was more a cry for help than an indication of serious criminal activity. Lastly, Peter George Hoffman, a 19-year-old insurance representative, was sentenced to five months of periodic detention and 17 months of probation after pleading guilty to 52 charges of credit fraud and false pretence. These offences, committed between April 12 and June 12, saw Hoffman issue cheques without sufficient funds, obtaining a total of $1120. His sister offered to lend him the amount required for restitution, prompting the magistrate to acknowledge the unusual nature of Hoffman's “burst of offending.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770804_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770804.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,239457600
4782,04,08,1977,"Warning To Parents Causes Confusion (Press, 4 August 1977)","In August 1977, concerns arose regarding an advertisement in ""Health"" magazine from Dr. S. L. Pugmire, the medical superintendent of Lake Alice Psychiatric Hospital. The ad, which urged parents to seek medical advice for their teenage children exhibiting any of 14 specified ""disorders,"" led to alarm among parents and bemusement among teachers. The behaviours listed included truancy, declining academic performance, running away from home, disciplinary issues, increased religious fervour, personality changes, and even homosexual activity, which were subsequently labelled by Dr. Pugmire as potential symptoms of schizophrenia or other psychiatric disorders. Dr. Pugmire defended his position, stating that while he acknowledged the normality of certain adolescent behaviours, he believed that the symptoms still warranted attention. He explained that the advertisement had been altered by the Department of Health, initially intended for medical students and teachers, rather than for parents. Though he maintained that these symptoms could indicate severe issues, critics, including school heads, argued that many of the behaviours were typical in teenagers and suggested that schools would be more appropriate first points of contact for concerned parents. Mr. A. Gilchrist, headmaster of Aranui High School, pointed out that the symptoms covered a wide range of behaviours, with many being common during adolescence. He suggested that parents should seek guidance from schools for issues related to academic performance and personality shifts rather than overburdening medical practitioners. Similarly, Mr. Leggatt from Christchurch Boys’ High School expressed confusion regarding the advertisement's intent, emphasizing the need for guidance but questioning its usefulness for parents. Ann Ballin, a counsellor at the University of Canterbury, echoed the sentiment that reaching out to teachers or student counsellors would be more beneficial than approaching a doctor first for these adolescent behaviours. She noted that many symptoms described in the ad pointed to standard teenage struggles, particularly against authority, and stated that consulting local clergy during religious phases might be preferable. Dr. S. W. Mirams, the Director of Mental Health, mentioned that he received inquiries about the advertisement from people who misunderstood its purpose, suggesting it wasn't alarming. Echoing others, he stated that while these signs could indicate emotional distress, they did not necessarily warrant immediate medical intervention. He highlighted the importance of providing reassurance to parents, allowing them to cope more confidently with typical teenage behaviour. Overall, the debate revolving around the advertisement illustrated a conflict between understanding typical adolescent behaviour and recognising when professional help is necessary. While Dr. Pugmire advocated for early detection of possible mental health issues, educators and mental health professionals encouraged a more measured response, focusing on the normalcy of many adolescent behaviours and the role of schools in addressing such concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770804_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770804.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,239457600
6614,12,08,1977,"Fathered Anonymously: Questions Raised By A.i.d. (Press, 12 August 1977)","Artificial Insemination by Donor (A.I.D.) has been around for over 30 years but is now facing new challenges and calls for legal reform. As traditional routes to parenthood, such as adoption, have diminished due to factors like widespread contraception, sterilisation, and the legalisation of abortion, there is a growing demand for regulation regarding the legitimacy and status of children born through A.I.D. A private member's bill has been introduced to allow for the legitimacy of a child born through A.I.D., provided the mother has the consent of her husband. Current law treats such children as illegitimate, which many find problematic. However, this bill may not pass in the current session but could pave the way for broader legislation addressing various concerns related to A.I.D. One prevalent worry is the potential for children conceived by the same donor to unknowingly marry each other, although medical professionals affirm that the risk is minimal and comparable to those conceived naturally. Existing sperm banks are limited, creating ""centres"" in certain regions where a single donor’s contributions could increase this risk. Another key issue involves the responsibility of donors and the medical professionals administering A.I.D. While physical characteristics are carefully matched to the husband’s, there are concerns about hereditary conditions that may not be adequately communicated. If significant health issues arise in a child conceived through A.I.D., there is potential for litigation against the doctor or the donor, raising questions about accountability. Donors typically consist of medical students, but many decline due to worries about their potential offspring. Legislators are becoming aware that adopted children now have rights to know their biological parents, leading to questions about whether A.I.D. children should have similar rights. Maintaining donor anonymity while keeping comprehensive records presents a challenge; potential legal repercussions could deter donors from participating altogether. Ethical and theological questions also abound regarding A.I.D. For instance, issues arise when a childless woman seeks A.I.D. without her husband’s knowledge, potentially resulting in claims of adultery. In historical precedents, courts have varied in their decisions on this matter. The potential psychological impact on children conceived through A.I.D. is underscored by cases such as a child born to a mother after the father’s death. This raises the significant question of the child’s understanding of his origin and the emotional implications surrounding it. Moreover, situations involving same-sex couples seeking children through A.I.D. highlight the need to consider the upbringing environment and its suitability for child development. In summary, while A.I.D. offers hope for many couples desiring children, the accompanying legal, ethical, and social complexities must be navigated thoughtfully to ensure the welfare of future generations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770812_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770812.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,240148800
4784,23,08,1977,"A Link, Says Young Nat. (Press, 23 August 1977)","On 23 August 1977, Mr M. Gummer, the newly elected Dominion chairman of the Young Nationals, expressed the group's significant role in representing young people's views to Parliament. He described the Young Nationals as a crucial link that communicates vital ideas and issues concerning the youth of New Zealand. According to Mr Gummer, many innovative and thought-provoking ideas emerge from university groups, highlighting their importance within the organisation. Currently pursuing a law and commerce degree at Auckland University, Mr Gummer has been actively involved in the National Party since joining in 1974. He previously served as the Auckland divisional chairman for two years before being elected unopposed as Dominion chairman at the conference held in Dunedin the previous month. Following his election, he has been visiting Christchurch to connect with fellow Young Nationals members. One of Mr Gummer's primary goals is to implement a membership drive to combat a slight decline in membership numbers in certain areas. He acknowledged that electoral cycles tend to generate interest but also result in a turnover of members who move on to other pursuits. Despite these challenges, he noted that new branches have been established, and some existing ones have strengthened, allowing the organisation to maintain its overall membership levels. Additionally, Mr Gummer has emphasised the importance of discussing policy within the Young Nationals, with plans for a winter conference in Hamilton scheduled for June. He believes that the Young Nationals can significantly influence government policy, pointing to recent developments such as the National Party's housing policy and the ongoing debate regarding homosexual law reform as examples of their impact. The topic of marijuana legalisation has also garnered considerable attention for the Young Nationals. Mr Gummer expressed support for US President Jimmy Carter's stance that criminal penalties should not be the solution to the issue. Despite his rapid rise within the party, he affirmed that he does not have immediate aspirations for a political career. However, he conveyed a long-term interest in politics, elections, and current affairs, stating that the concept of politics intrigues him.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770823_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770823.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,241099200
7651,23,08,1977,"Complaint To P.m. About 'last Tango’ (Press, 23 August 1977)","On 23 August 1977, Miss Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, expressed her concerns to Prime Minister Mr Muldoon regarding the decision made by censors to allow the screening of the film ""Last Tango in Paris"" in New Zealand. The Prime Minister responded that no action could be taken until the film was shown and a complaint was made. If a complaint arose and the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr Highet, deemed the film harmful to the public, he could seek another review by the Chief Film Censor. ""Last Tango in Paris,"" directed by Bernardo Bertolucci in 1973, had previously been rejected by the former Chief Film Censor, Mr D. C. McIntosh. The decision to screen the film was made by acting Chief Film Censor Mr B. C. Tunnicliffe and two others under the new Cinematograph Films Act, which shifted its focus from censoring specific scenes to considering the film's overall impact. Miss Bartlett noted that she had been invited to view the film two years earlier but had declined, reiterating her lack of interest this time. She voiced her belief that the lenient approach by Mr Highet indicated a permissive stance towards film censorship, comparing it unfavorably to stricter regulations in other countries. She raised concerns about the implications of allowing a film with explicit content to be shown uncut and questioned the ability to prevent minors from attending screenings. Mr Muldoon, who had seen the film overseas, remarked that it did not impress him. In contrast, Mr Tunnicliffe believed the decision might set a precedent for future interpretations of the law. He stated that once the film was screened, should significant public concern arise, the situation could warrant a reassessment by the Films Censorship Board of Review. The decision was met with mixed reactions. Mr D. Gascoigne, the chairman of the Federation of Film Societies, welcomed the ruling, though he lamented the media coverage that could create undue interest in the film as a spectacle rather than as a serious piece of cinema. He suggested that if illegal actions, such as sodomy, could not be depicted in films, similarly, acts of murder should also not feature on screen. He held that while not every film would be allowed, the new framework required a holistic evaluation rather than judging films based on isolated incidents. The situation reflected a broader debate regarding film censorship, public standards, and the liberties of artistic expression within New Zealand's changing legislative landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770823_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770823.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,241099200
4785,27,08,1977,"Police Probe Tv ‘smear’ (Press, 27 August 1977)","On 27 August 1977, the ongoing tensions between the New Zealand police and television programming came to the forefront as top-level discussions were initiated to address allegations of unfair treatment portrayed on TV. The Commissioner of Police, Mr K. B. Burnside, began discussions with TVI's Director-General, Mr Allen Morris, which the Minister of Police, Mr McCready, hoped would yield constructive outcomes. These talks were prompted by concerns raised in Parliament after Opposition back-bencher Mr D. R. Lange called for clarification regarding Mr McCready's assertion of a perceived ""smear campaign"" against the police. In his response to Lange, Mr McCready indicated that upon reviewing recent television broadcasts, particularly from the ‘Dateline’ programme on TVI, it was reasonable to conclude there was an ongoing smear campaign. He specifically referred to three episodes. The first was aired on 4 July and focused on unverified claims regarding the methods employed by Auckland detectives to collect evidence. The second episode, broadcast on 1 August, insinuated that law enforcement had unlawfully exposed a computer employee suspected of leaking information. Following this episode, Mr McCready noted that 'Dateline' had issued a correction. In addition, Mr McCready mentioned inaccuracies in the same programme that were apparent to anyone familiar with The Chief Ombudsman’s report. The final instance cited by Mr McCready occurred the previous Monday, when 'Dateline' drew connections between prominent figures, Gerald O’Brien and Colin Moyle, while discussing comments made by David Exel, the Labour Party’s communications director. Mr Exel suggested that the concurrent disrepute of two senior vice-presidents due to allegations of homosexual activities was not coincidental. Overall, the situation underscores the ongoing scrutiny faced by the New Zealand police and the impact of media representations on public perception as the authorities seek to rectify potentially damaging narratives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770827_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770827.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,241444800
4786,03,09,1977,"Carrying A Cross Of Guilt And Shame (Press, 3 September 1977)","The Naked Civil Servant by Quentin Crisp, published by Duckworth in 1977, presents the life and inner struggles of its author, described on the book's jacket as a ""happy homosexual."" However, the text offers a complex depiction that suggests he wrestled with his identity rather than embracing it fully. Born in 1908, Crisp’s eccentricity was a deliberate choice meant to challenge societal norms and openly proclaim his homosexuality. He dressed in flamboyant clothing, dyed his hair, and adorned himself with makeup, seeking to unapologetically present himself as a “truly appalling woman” rather than conforming to traditional gender expectations. Despite his bold exterior, Crisp grappled with a deep sense of inadequacy and self-loathing. He held a strong belief that homosexuality was a sin—alternately viewing it as a sin or an illness—and felt that all heterosexuals were inherently superior. This self-appraisal led him to internalize societal rejection and humiliation, which he recounts throughout the book. His narrative reflects a life marked by misfortune and shame, compounded by experiences from his childhood to his fleeting sexual encounters in the shadows of London. Crisp’s jobs in commercial art, albeit sporadic and often unfavourable, were undertaken with a sense of bewilderment and resignation. He found some solace as an art school model, a role that required little beyond physical presence. His living conditions, often described as squalid, are used to illustrate his rejection of societal norms and personal care, as he downplayed the importance of cleanliness in his cramped and neglected living spaces. While Crisp's self-portrayal is tinged with despair and hopelessness—reflected in thoughts of suicide—he nonetheless possesses a sharp wit and an undeniable intellect that belies his claims of stupidity. His hostility toward the arts contrasts with his substantial knowledge of literature, suggesting that he has not given up as completely as he asserts. Crisp portrays a life heavy with guilt and shame, fearing that beneath his façade lies a deeply flawed individual, one whose pleas for forgiveness reflect his internal struggle for acceptance. Ultimately, the review implies that what Crisp truly needs is to find a way to forgive himself for the very things he perceives as shortcomings. The narrative invites the reader to reflect on the broader themes of identity, acceptance, and the quest for self-forgiveness amidst a world rife with judgement. Although the book serves as a reflection of Quentin Crisp’s tumultuous journey, it raises significant questions about love, self-worth, and the inherent struggles faced by those who exist on the margins of societal norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770903_2_130_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770903.2.130.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242049600
7424,06,09,1977,"Of Birds And Bees—and Lions And Hamsters (Press, 6 September 1977)","In an insightful exploration of animal mating behaviours, zoologist John Sparks outlines the vast diversity and complexity found in the ways different species reproduce in his upcoming book, ""The Sexual Connection."" Set to be released in the UK, the book offers a detailed look at the myriad of strategies animals employ to mate, many of which evoke parallels to human practices. Sparks highlights how some male creatures engage in unusual mating rituals. For example, a male bee may need to dig out his female counterpart from the ground to mate, while the North American grouse presents a peculiar situation where only 10% of males get to breed, and even then, they may have significantly more opportunities compared to the other males. In fascinating comparisons, Sparks cites historical human practices, like chastity belts, which echo the behaviour of male butterflies. These males use a plug-like secretion called a “sphragis” to prevent females from mating with other males after copulation, reflecting a form of control over female fidelity. Similarly, the male Aedes mosquito, known for spreading yellow fever, passes a sedative to the female during mating to curb her sexual desire, thereby ensuring that she does not mate again soon after. Celestial events influence mating rituals too; some species time their reproductive activities based on lunar cycles. The European ragworm swarms in sync with the moon’s phases, while the female nightjar mates during the last quarter of the moon cycle. Sparks also delves into instances of fatal attraction in the animal kingdom, where female creatures may fatally harm their male partners during mating. The female midge, for instance, possesses deadly jaws that can stab a male during the act, often leading to his demise. Similarly, male Saiga antelopes and salmon may also perish as a consequence of overexertion during the breeding season. The concept of virgin births emerges as another fascinating survival strategy, observed in species such as the Indian gecko and the Texas molly, indicating that some females can reproduce without male assistance. Furthermore, bisexuality in certain animals, including barnacles and tapeworms, illustrates another way species ensure their survival and reproduction. Sparks notes specific animal behaviours which highlight their reproductive proficiency. For instance, a ram can mate with around 30 ewes within four days, and a pair of lions in captivity demonstrated extreme vigour by mating 360 times over eight days. On the other hand, butterflies may remain monogamous for an entire week, countering the stereotype of their fleeting courtships. Lastly, the common hamster is portrayed as particularly prolific, with couples engaging in frequent copulation, potentially surpassing one encounter per minute during their initial rendezvous. Through these rich and sometimes bizarre examples from the animal kingdom, Sparks' work illustrates the surprising interconnections between human and animal reproductive behaviours, emphasising that the rules governing love and mating are as varied as they are complex.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770906_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770906.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242308800
7171,07,09,1977,"Random Reminder (Press, 7 September 1977)","In a satirical commentary published on 7 September 1977, the author discusses the essential motor skills that New Zealand males are expected to master to avoid being perceived as inept or overly effeminate. Among these skills, the ability to competently back a trailer stands out as particularly significant. The text highlights that failing to do so can lead to intense embarrassment and long-lasting emotional distress, often comparing the experience to psychological trauma. The author vividly illustrates the common scenario of taking a trailer full of rubbish to a dump, explaining that this can become a tormenting ordeal for those lacking the necessary skills. He notes that while every New Zealander will eventually find themselves at a dump, for the inadequately trained, the lack of proficiency in backing a trailer transforms a simple task into a nightmarish spectacle. This situation leads to feelings of humiliation as they attempt to navigate the trailer into a restricted space, often attracting judgmental stares from onlookers. The narrative describes the specifics of the struggle, portraying a hapless individual who requires an impractically large area to back his trailer, which contrasts sharply with the limited space usually available at a busy dump. Consequently, the frustrated driver may find himself inadvertently jackknifing his trailer into his vehicle or others nearby, creating a scene of chaos and panic. The author captures the essence of this experience with humour and an air of camaraderie, making light of how every man can relate to the potentially mortifying challenge of backing a trailer. With a touch of poetic imagery, the author invokes Rudyard Kipling, suggesting that failing to master this skill diminishes one’s masculinity. The overall message is that the ability to back a trailer is not just a practical skill, but a vital component of New Zealand male identity, where prowess in such tasks is celebrated, and failure is associated with a loss of male stature.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770907_2_190.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770907.2.190,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242395200
4787,09,09,1977,"Gay Picket On “press” (Press, 9 September 1977)","On 9 September 1977, the National Gay Rights Coalition urged supporters of homosexual law reform to protest outside “The Press” newspaper due to the publication's handling of an advertisement that was meant to feature the names of approximately 40 sponsors advocating for the cause. The advertisement, initially intended for the previous Saturday’s issue, was not published, leading to frustrations among the supporters. B. F. Hastings, the advertising manager of “The Press,” explained that the advertisement was not outright refused but rather held back pending verification of the signatures of the sponsors listed. This procedure is a standard practice for the newspaper when it comes to controversial advertisements. Hastings expressed regret that the advertisement’s sponsors were not informed sooner about the signature verification process, which also involved ensuring that sponsors who had previously consented to a similar advertisement in July were aware their names would be included again. He reassured that “The Press” was ready to publish the advertisement in its current form as soon as the necessary verifications were completed, indicating the newspaper's willingness to proceed once the details had been confirmed. The planned picket by the National Gay Rights Coalition reflects the growing tension surrounding such issues and the need for dialogue between the groups involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770909_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770909.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242568000
4788,10,09,1977,"""The Press"" Picketed (Press, 10 September 1977)","On 10 September 1977, more than 20 supporters of homosexual law reform gathered for a demonstration outside ""The Press"" in Christchurch. This protest, lasting an hour, was aimed at expressing dissatisfaction with the newspaper's alleged refusal to print an advertisement promoting social equality for homosexuals. The advertisement had accumulated over 1,200 signatures from various groups, including the Values Party, the Association of Social Workers, health professionals, and university students. The National Gay Rights Coalition claimed that just 12 hours before the advertisement was due to be published, ""The Press"" informed them that it would not appear unless half of the names were withdrawn. The newspaper suggested that the signatories had initially agreed to sponsor the advertisement in July but did not intend for it to be used in ""The Press."" Furthermore, ""The Press"" raised concerns regarding the legitimacy of consent for the use of names from certain prominent groups. The coalition insisted that the advertisement be published in its entirety or cancelled altogether, but ultimately, it did not run. A spokesperson for the demonstrators, M. Waghome, suggested that ""The Press"" was implying distrust towards the coalition by questioning the validity of the signatures, particularly those from well-known figures. He expressed concern that the newspaper might have been hesitant to acknowledge the advocacy for gay rights by responsible individuals in New Zealand, rather than viewing it as solely a movement of the general public. Waghome clarified that the demonstration was not an official protest by the coalition. He mentioned that the coalition's national executive would be meeting in Christchurch that weekend to further discuss issues related to media discrimination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770910_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770910.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242654400
4789,12,09,1977,"Gay Call For Apology (Press, 12 September 1977)","The National Gay Rights Coalition has demanded an apology from ""The Press"" for alleged discrimination after the newspaper declined to run an advertisement that called for social equality for homosexuals and advocated for homosexual law reform. The coalition, which convened in Christchurch for a seminar focused on ""public education in homosexuality,"" claimed that ""The Press"" only provided 12 hours' notice of its refusal to publish the ad. Miss Judith Emms, the national co-ordinator of the coalition, stated that the advertisement was meant to introduce the weekend's seminar. Emms expressed that the coalition believes an apology is warranted, as the management of ""The Press"" has challenged the coalition's credibility as a national organisation. She highlighted the inconsistency and inconsiderate attitude of ""The Press"" and other newspapers, which create obstacles for the coalition and its sponsors that other advertisers do not encounter. The incident is viewed as part of a broader pattern of discriminatory practices faced by the coalition and its member groups, despite the fact that ""The Press"" and various New Zealand newspapers have provided strong editorial coverage of the coalition's activities. In response to the situation, coalition members and supporters staged a picket outside ""The Press"" for an hour on the Friday preceding the seminar to voice their complaints regarding the treatment they received. Emms noted that the coalition would have limited options if ""The Press"" did not issue an apology, but emphasised that the newspaper should not expect to receive further advertising from the coalition if it continues to refuse their requests. The seminar discussions indicated a strategic shift in the movement's approach, emphasising a need to focus more on public interaction rather than solely political engagement. Emms remarked on the irony of a major opportunity for public education being obstructed by media practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770912_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770912.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242827200
7298,13,09,1977,"“Gay” Rights Advertisement (Press, 13 September 1977)","A letter to the editor from Hugh Wilson, dated 11 September 1977, expresses his disappointment with the handling of an advertisement by the National Gay Rights Coalition (N.G.R.C.) that was scheduled to appear in ""The Press"" on 10 September. Wilson suggests that the cancellation of the advertisement was perhaps due to mismanagement rather than a deliberate attempt to avoid a controversial topic. He criticises ""The Press"" for not adequately representing the N.G.R.C. in their front-page story on 9 September, noting that the advertising department had received the material well in advance and had confirmed details with the N.G.R.C. a week prior to the intended publication. Despite not participating in the picket against the newspaper, Wilson states his support for raising the issue with the Press Council, pointing to a need for reasoned discussion around the matter and expressing a wish for better treatment of minority groups in the media.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770913_2_121_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770913.2.121.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242913600
7722,13,09,1977,"Demonstrators Panic As Police Fire On March (Press, 13 September 1977)","On 13 September 1977, Barcelona witnessed a massive demonstration by over a million Catalan nationalists advocating for home rule. The event escalated into chaos as riot police attempted to disperse the tail-end of the march, resorting to the use of tear gas and rubber bullets. Despite initial restraint shown by security forces, tensions flared as extremist youths provoked them with insults. As night fell, violence erupted, with radical groups hurling stones at the police, prompting a charge from mounted officers. Fleeing from the gunfire and chaos, men, women, and children created scenes of panic, resulting in the Spanish Red Cross reporting that 12 individuals were injured by rubber bullets. The demonstration, one of the largest expressions of public support for regional autonomy since the death of General Franco in 1975, showcased a strong repudiation of the former dictatorship alongside a firm request for Catalan independence. The march started with a festive atmosphere, as thousands of cars crowded Barcelona's city centre, honking their horns in solidarity. Organisers and nationalist marshals maintained order without police presence during most of the event, allowing for a largely peaceful gathering. However, the day concluded with violence instigated by a faction of anarchists and radicals, who reportedly threw petrol bombs, hijacked buses for barricades, and shouted slogans against King Juan Carlos. The central government, led by Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez, had previously indicated a willingness to grant the Catalans a provisional and limited form of autonomy. However, this agreement remained unofficial, as left-wing political parties, which had recently won parliamentary elections, demanded more representation in any forthcoming Catalan institutions. Overall, the march not only highlighted Catalonia’s demands for greater self-governance but also marked a significant moment in Spain's ongoing struggle to redefine its political landscape following decades of oppressive rule under Franco.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770913_2_64_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770913.2.64.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242913600
6879,13,09,1977,"Transvestite Up For Mayoralty (Press, 13 September 1977)","On 13 September 1977, it was reported that Carmen, the owner of a transvestite nightclub, along with five other candidates, would contest the mayoralty of Wellington in the upcoming local body elections scheduled for 8 October. Carmen is entering the race as an Independent candidate and has received backing from property developer Robert Jones. Among the competition is Labour's Sir Francis Kitts, who previously served as Wellington's Mayor from 1956 to 1974. The election is poised to present a diverse range of candidates, reflecting different political perspectives within the city.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770913_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770913.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,242913600
6880,14,09,1977,"Detective Accused (Press, 14 September 1977)","A police tribunal has commenced hearings regarding disciplinary charges against a senior detective in Auckland linked to the Walding affair. The proceedings are being conducted in private by Mr J. A. Wicks, New Zealand's senior magistrate. These charges stem from the alleged ""setting-up"" of former Minister of Overseas Trade, Mr Walding, who was reportedly photographed at the Crypt night club alongside a transvestite. Australian photographer Peter Harrison is expected to testify as a witness in the case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770914_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770914.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,243000000
6615,14,09,1977,"Three Who Made Crime Pay (Press, 14 September 1977)","A report published on 14 September 1977 highlights the prevalence and impact of white-collar crime in the United States, particularly focusing on computer-related theft, which is estimated to cost American businesses billions annually. Experts suggest that for every crime that is reported, many more go unaddressed, often to protect a company’s reputation. The story provides examples of notorious cases of individuals who have committed such crimes and how they navigated their illicit activities. One prominent figure is Richard Rees, a 26-year-old Brink's guard who, a year earlier, absconded with over $500,000. Rees embarked on a lavish, ten-month escapade that left him with only $390 from the stolen loot. He recounted his experience in a letter to a newspaper columnist, outlining his extravagant lifestyle filled with parties and gifts for a woman he met during his travels. His downfall came when he began to attract unwanted attention from hired gunmen sent by the woman, leading him to ultimately court capture. Rees was apprehended by the FBI in New Mexico and is now facing a lengthy prison sentence, although interest in his story has led to potential movie deals. Another case mentioned is that of D. B. Cooper, who infamously hijacked a plane in 1971, demanded a ransom of $200,000, and then parachuted into the night. Despite extensive searches, Cooper was never found, and the statute of limitations has since expired, leaving him considered a free man. However, the Internal Revenue Service pursues him for tax evasion, as the stolen cash would have accumulated significant tax liabilities. Eldon Royce represents a different category of criminal ingenuity. He excelled in computer theft by manipulating company finances to embezzle more than $1 million over six years via fraudulent entries in cost items and reducing income items. He remained undetected until the complexities of his scheme overwhelmed him, leading to his exposure. Royce received a ten-year prison sentence after admitting he spent all the money. The article concludes with a warning that as society moves towards cashless transactions and increased use of credit cards, opportunities for fraudulent activities may expand further. The misuse of false identification is noted to be a significant issue, with losses exceeding $10 billion annually attributed to this form of white-collar crime. The observations in the report paint a picture of a criminal landscape where crime does indeed appear to pay, at least for a time, reflecting a concerning trend in American society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770914_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770914.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,243000000
6881,21,09,1977,"Closed Hearing For Detective (Press, 21 September 1977)","On 21 September 1977, a one-man tribunal was convened in Auckland to investigate a misconduct charge against a local detective. The hearing, led by Senior Magistrate Mr J. A. Wicks, is taking place at the Auckland central police station. Upon concluding the hearing, Mr Wicks will report his findings to the Commissioner of Police, Mr K. B. Burnside, who will then provide a statement regarding the investigation outcome. The case stems from an incident involving a former Minister of Overseas Trade, Mr J. A. Walding, who gave evidence concerning an alleged entrapment at an Auckland night club where he was purportedly photographed with a transvestite. The detective in question, whose identity has not been disclosed by the police, has been charged with conduct inappropriate for a police officer, which could tarnish the reputation of the police force. The prosecution is being handled by Mr D. S. Morris, the Crown solicitor in Auckland, and several witnesses have been subpoenaed to give their accounts, including an Australian photographer named Mr Peter Harrison. Access to the hearing has been restricted, as the Minister of Police, Mr McCready, opted not to permit media attendance. Under existing police regulations, the minister has the authority to decide whether reporters can cover disciplinary inquiries, but in this case, he chose to exclude them.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770921_2_231.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770921.2.231,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,243604800
4790,21,09,1977,"Writer Has Tax Plan To Lure Artists Here (Press, 21 September 1977)","John Bruce is a strong believer in New Zealand's potential to become a hub for renowned authors, artists, inventors, and performers from around the world. The author of the book ""Airscream,"" which he claims is receiving significant acclaim in the United States and Britain, praises New Zealand's talent and beauty. Having left a successful legal career in London two years prior, Bruce settled in Wellington to focus on writing. He describes ""Airscream"" as a notable work, drawing comparisons to other popular novels such as Alastair McLean’s ""H.M.S. Ulysses,"" and asserts that it is being hailed by an international publisher as ""the most exciting property I have ever read."" Expressing confidence in his work, Bruce mentions that substantial advances for publishing rights have been secured, indicating strong commercial interest, particularly with an initial release of 12,000 copies in New Zealand—far exceeding the typical 1,500. The narrative of ""Airscream"" features a determined female protagonist navigating the challenges posed by large businesses and a government that prioritises its vested interests. Bruce delves into themes of political motivations and morality, hinting at contempt for certain politicians, with a fictional Prime Minister characterised in a way some interpret as a reflection of New Zealand’s Prime Minister, Robert Muldoon. Bruce aims to explore deeper questions about political ambition and judicial integrity. Furthermore, he is advocating for a proposed tax incentive scheme that would exempt authors, artists, and other creatives from taxes on overseas earnings, which could attract talents to New Zealand. Bruce believes this scheme has garnered interest from government officials, including Muldoon. He cites the success of similar exemptions in the Republic of Ireland, where many artists relocated for better financial conditions. He suggests that if enacted, the tax breaks could nurture local talent and draw high-profile figures to New Zealand. Bruce also proposes a temporary tax exemption for local artists on earnings up to NZ$5,000, aimed at fostering their development before transitioning to taxing only overseas royalties. His vision is that such policies will create an attractive environment for creativity, ultimately establishing New Zealand as a leading destination for international talent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770921_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770921.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,243604800
6515,30,09,1977,"Evonne On Form (Press, 30 September 1977)","On 30 September 1977, Evonne Goolagong Cawley made a notable return to competitive tennis after giving birth to her daughter just four months prior. Competing in the women's semi-finals of the World Invitational Tennis Classic held in Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, Goolagong Cawley faced fellow Australian Kerry Melville-Reid and won the match with a score of 7-6, 6-3. This victory marked her impressive comeback, showcasing her strong court movement and net play. In the other semi-final match, British player Virginia Wade, the reigning Wimbledon champion, defeated Dianne Fromholu from Australia, securing her place in the final against Goolagong Cawley. The stakes were high in this event, which featured a prize pool of $522,000. In a separate tennis event taking place in Palm Harbour, Florida, the first round of a $35,000 women's tournament saw a surprising outcome when controversial transsexual athlete Renee Richards triumphed over the top seed, Rosie Casals, with a score of 6-4, 6-2. Additionally, famed player Billie Jean King, who was the second seed, overcame Helen Cawley from Australia after a challenging match that ended with scores of 1-6, 6-3, 6-3. These matches highlighted significant developments in the women's tennis scene, including Goolagong Cawley's successful return to the sport and the contentious presence of Richards, illustrating the evolving dynamics and narratives within the game in the late 1970s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19770930_2_196.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770930.2.196,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,244382400
6616,05,10,1977,"‘Women’ For The Last Time (Press, 5 October 1977)","On 5 October 1977, Nancy Cawley reported on the final episode of Diedre McCartin's impactful six-part documentary series about New Zealand women, titled ""The Woman in Your Life is You."" The programme candidly addressed the sexual attitudes and experiences of women, highlighting their feelings of being ""used"" in relationships and tracing the lingering effects of Victorian ideals, which dictate that ""nice women don’t enjoy sex."" The episode featured a range of women who shared their personal struggles, including issues around masturbation and lesbianism, and concluded with some cautious optimism about the potential for satisfying sexual relationships based on mutual care and comfort. For Ira Herangi, who had spent six years in an unfulfilling marriage, this notion was profoundly enlightening. Raised in an environment that shunned open discussion about bodies, she initially believed her primary role was to please her husband. The revelation of finding compatible partners who could foster joy was transformative for her. Tilly Hunter, a Wellington office worker in her second marriage, reflected on her past experiences. In her first marriage, she faced constant criticism and felt diminished, likening her situation to that of a ""second-class citizen."" She noted that if her current husband ever started to dominate her as her first did, she risked reverting to these previous feelings of inadequacy. A young psychologist from Auckland contributed a professional perspective, pointing out that many women often internalise the blame for their sexual issues. She explained that because women are accustomed to deferring to men, they struggle with equality in intimate relationships. The documentary presented a balanced view of women's experiences; however, some critiques arose regarding the portrayals, suggesting that the focus was overly sympathetic regardless of the context. One woman's complaint about feeling fatigued, followed by her husband's massage prompting her to engage in sex, exemplified the blurred lines of consent in certain narratives. Despite these concerns, Cawley praised ""The Woman in Your Life is You"" as one of the standout films in the series, appreciating the sensitive handling of a challenging subject. The portrayal of a lesbian couple’s quiet affection, while brief, also resonated with viewers. The series was notable for emphasising a guiding principle discussed by the psychologist: ""Whatever gives you pleasure and doesn’t hurt anyone else,"" promoting a therapeutic approach to understanding sexuality. Diedre McCartin's documentary series marks a significant moment in New Zealand television, being the first comprehensive exploration of women's issues and needs. At the United Women’s Convention in Christchurch, McCartin acknowledged that these films were created in response to women seeking to address the damaging societal situations many faced. The series, which included topics such as marital depression, domestic violence, media representations of women, the experiences of Māori women, and childcare concerns, collectively opened conversations about women's roles and rights in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771005_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771005.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,244814400
6882,07,10,1977,"‘Soap’ A Clean Sweep (Press, 7 October 1977)","The television show ""Soap"" made a significant impact on the American entertainment landscape upon its premiere, capturing the attention of 20 million viewers with its provocative themes. Described as a ""sophisticated adult farce,"" the show was met with both acclaim and criticism, with detractors labelling it as “one long salacious joke.” Its rise to prominence was largely bolstered by extensive media coverage and controversy, particularly opposition from major religious groups who were concerned about its explicit content, which they deemed more offensive than the violence they had previously campaigned against. Despite the backlash, ""Soap"" achieved remarkable ratings, even outpacing several other networks in Los Angeles. This success reignited interest among advertisers who had initially shied away due to the controversy surrounding the show. Industry insiders predicted that its popularity would lead to a wave of similar, even more daring productions, suggesting a shift in television content from themes of violence to those centred on sexual scenarios, signalling a new era for US television. The content of ""Soap"" itself revolves around the intricate sexual escapades of two intertwined families. The show explores varied themes, including infidelity, impotence, and identity, with a mix of outlandish storylines, such as a son wrestling with gender identity and an affair between a tennis instructor and a daughter. A particularly controversial subplot involving a modern Jesuit priest living with one of the female characters led to intense outrage, culminating in calls for boycotts from a coalition of religious organisations, including the United States Catholic Conference and the Southern Baptists. In response to the growing outcry and pressure from these religious factions, at least 15 ABC affiliates opted to cancel airing the show, and several sponsors retracted their advertising. In light of the backlash, ABC executives were compelled to amend some content, axing certain storylines and double-entendres to appease critics. As a result of this tumultuous debut, the influence of ""Soap"" on television content and culture was deemed profound, indicating a possible transformation of how sexual themes might be approached in US television going forward, even amidst mounting tensions and censorship concerns. The dialogue around censorship versus creative expression became increasingly central as the show continued to stir up controversy within the American public and among various religious groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771007_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771007.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,244987200
6516,10,10,1977,"No Aust. Play For Transsexual (Press, 10 October 1977)","On 10 October 1977, Renee Richards, a transsexual tennis player from the United States, faced significant setbacks in her aspirations to compete in Australia. Despite receiving clearance from the Lawn Tennis Association of Australia (L.T.A.A.) to participate, her hopes were dashed by the International Lawn Tennis Federation (I.L.T.F.). Shortly after the L.T.A.A.'s decision, Mr David Gray, the I.L.T.F. secretary, recommended that sex tests be imposed on female competitors, raising concerns about fairness in the sport. Renee Richards, who underwent gender reassignment surgery two years prior, had previously failed sex tests earlier in the season, which contributed to the controversy surrounding her participation. The situation intensified when she encountered Australian player Dianne Fromholtz during a match in Atlanta, where Richards suffered a defeat with a score of 6-1, 6-3. Following the match, Fromholtz candidly expressed her views on Richards, referring to her as a ""sideshow"" and asserting that her presence detracted from the women's tour, impacting its image with the public.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771010_2_143.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771010.2.143,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,245246400
6883,13,10,1977,"Bogus Doctor Jailed (Press, 13 October 1977)","Donald James Thompson, an Australian ambulance officer, was sentenced to two months in jail for practising medicine without a qualification at Paraparaumu, New Zealand. During sentencing on 13 October 1977, his counsel, Mr G. F. Ellis, described Thompson's actions as stemming from a delusion, comparing his behaviour to a transvestite donning women's clothing. Thompson pleaded guilty to falsely presenting himself as a doctor in Wellington between 1 and 27 September, despite lacking any medical degree or registration. Additionally, he admitted to possessing morphine and pethidine on 26 September. The court heard that Thompson had performed various medical acts, including a breast cancer examination, improperly setting a broken leg, and prescribing medication to patients. In his ruling, Mr D. J. Sullivan, S.M., suggested that Thompson be deported following his sentence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771013_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771013.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,245505600
7783,13,10,1977,"Muldoon Veto To Waring Bid (Press, 13 October 1977)","On 13 October 1977, Prime Minister Mr Muldoon blocked Miss Marilyn Waring's attempt to present six documents in Parliament that supported the proposed Gair amendment to the abortion bill. This occurred during the second-reading debate on the bill, which extended into the early hours, with Miss Waring seeking permission to table the documents at approximately 1.45 a.m. When the Acting Speaker, Mr J. R. Harrison, inquired if there were any objections to her request, Mr Muldoon was the only parliamentary member to object. Miss Waring aimed to table a document from Dr D. F. Minnitt, the chairman of the General Practitioners’ Society, which represented 500 general practitioners and expressed support for Mr Gate’s amendment. Additionally, she referred to a telegram from Dr Minnitt that described a proposed amendment by Mr W. F. Birch, which allowed for abortion decisions to be made by two certifying consultants, viewing it as a poorly disguised rendition of the panel system. Furthermore, she mentioned a telegram from the national executive of the Women’s Medical Association, which opposed the Birch amendment while endorsing the Gair amendment. Miss Waring also attempted to submit three statutory declarations from 60 obstetricians and gynaecologists, 41 of whom felt unable or unwilling to act as certifying consultants. During the debate, various members expressed their viewpoints on the abortion bill. Mr R. F. Walls, a National member from Dunedin North, conveyed his belief in the integrity of the medical profession and the average New Zealander, stating that he would support the Gair amendment. Conversely, Mr M. A. Connelly, a Labour member from Wigram, voiced his strong belief in the right to life of the unborn child and stated his intention to vote for the Birch amendment. The Minister of Social Welfare, Mr Walker, also aligned with the Birch amendment and indicated his agreement with the bill in its current form. On the other hand, Mr M. Rata, a Labour member representing Northern Maori, spoke against the Gair amendment and the panel system, asserting that abortion should be viewed as a last resort under defined circumstances within the law. Mr M. J. Minogue, a National member from Hamilton West, was the final speaker before the session concluded after 2 a.m. He criticized the bill as a confusing collection of topics, including abortion and sex education, warning that passing it in its current form would signify a failure of Parliament to fulfil its democratic responsibilities. He expressed concern that democracy was deteriorating, highlighting a sentiment that the panel system would not function effectively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771013_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771013.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,245505600
6517,17,10,1977,"Game, Set And Towel (Press, 17 October 1977)","On 17 October 1977, unseeded Renee Richards from the United States advanced to the semi-finals of a $75,000 women’s tennis tournament in Phoenix, Arizona, following an unexpected turn of events during her match against number five seed Kerry Reid. Richards was leading 7-6, 4-1 when Reid controversially walked off the court, much to the surprise of Richards, who expressed her disbelief over the sudden decision. She remarked, “Frankly, I’m floored she did that,” indicating her confusion over why Reid would quit while being close to winning. Reid's husband, Raz, made a dramatic statement by throwing a towel onto the court, which narrowly missed Richards. He later asserted that Reid would never compete against Richards again. Although Reid is originally from Australia, she currently resides in the United States with her husband, who is a professional player on the international men’s tennis tour. During the match, Reid displayed strong performance skills, making solid forehands for winners, while Richards felt her own game was not at its best due to nervousness and tension. The first set saw both players trading service breaks, but Richards eventually secured the tiebreaker decisively before breaking Reid’s serve to take an early lead in the second set. The abrupt end to the match sparked discussions in the tennis community regarding the dynamics of competition and the implications of Richards being a transsexual athlete in the sport. Richards' journey continued, as she later faced Wendy Turnbull from Australia in the semi-final, where she ultimately lost with a score of 2-6, 2-6. Turnbull then advanced to meet the renowned Billie-Jean King in the final.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771017_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771017.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,245851200
4791,19,10,1977,"Course On Human Development (Press, 19 October 1977)","E. J. Thomas has written a letter expressing strong opposition to the recent amendments that allow the sale or distribution of contraceptives to children under the age of 16. Published on 19 October 1977, the letter outlines Thomas's concerns about the potential consequences of these amendments, including the erosion of the legal age of sexual consent. He warns that this could lead to calls for legalising sexual consent between adults and minors, similar to trends observed overseas. Thomas criticises the Education Department, claiming it is already engaging in what he describes as ""brainwashing"" children through educational films that promote sexual and homosexual activities under the guise of human development programmes. He cites a significant financial commitment of nearly $500,000 for these programmes this year. Furthermore, he expresses apprehension that schools will become primary facilitators for administering contraceptive drugs to children, potentially without appropriate medical oversight. He attributes the rushed passage of the bill to a lack of understanding among some Members of Parliament, arguing that it serves the interests of drug companies at the expense of societal morals and the substance of national integrity. His letter reflects a broader concern about perceived moral decay and the influence of commercial interests in public health policies, particularly regarding children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771019_2_139_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771019.2.139.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246024000
7344,20,10,1977,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 20 October 1977)","On 20 October 1977, a unique dog breed, the Bichon Frise, was spotlighted through the experiences of Mr Allan Crooks from Burnside, who claims to have the only one of its kind in New Zealand. This eight-month-old dog is expected to grow to about 25cm in length and is part of an ancient breed native to the Mediterranean. Historical interest in the breed includes associations with notable figures such as Cleopatra and François 1er of France, who prominently favoured these dogs. Mr Crooks showcased his pet, named ""Beaupres Casanova,"" at the Ellesmere Show, where it earned accolades including the reserve best in show. Mr Crooks plans to import a female puppy to establish a breeding line of these distinguished ""powder puff"" dogs. In another anecdote, a blackbird intruded into the McNeil residence by falling down their chimney while trying to mimic a flamingo. After being helped outside, its feathers were quickly collected by nesting starlings, exemplifying the minimal waste in nature. Russell Glendinning, the senior engine-driver of the Kingston ""Flyer,"" demonstrated commitment beyond his role by planning a trip to Christchurch at his own expense. His visit intends to promote the tourist train among local hoteliers, and reflects his multifaceted responsibilities, which include public relations and educational outreach with various groups. He operates under the auspices of Trans Tours, which clarifies that such promotional activities are voluntary for the personnel. Other local news included a clarification around a recent civil court case that was initially thought to be the first in Christchurch to employ a four-man jury. Mr F. G. Pickering of St Albans recounted his own service on a similar jury back in the 1950s during a civil lawsuit involving a North Canterbury landowner. Lastly, the television debate featuring Miss Patricia Bartlett and Father Felix Donnelly raised concerns regarding the rising rate of extranuptial births. This reminded viewers of similar historical instances in Scotland where the illegitimacy rates sparked disbelief and accusations of errors within the Registrar’s office. These stories collectively underscore a blend of local pride, nature's circularity, civic engagement, historical reminiscences, and social issues reflective of the 1970s New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771020_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771020.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246110400
7299,22,10,1977,"Gay Rights Against S.i.s. Bill (Press, 22 October 1977)","On 22 October 1977, the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, Ms J. Emms, publicly criticised the Security Intelligence Service Amendment Bill, highlighting serious concerns regarding privacy violations. Ms Emms revealed that leaders and members of Gay Rights organisations had experienced telephone tapping and unexplained loss of mail, which raised alarms about ongoing surveillance and targeting of the community. The coalition, which comprises 25 Gay Rights and associated organisations, urged its members to oppose the amendment bill, emphasising that its implications posed a threat not only to gay individuals but also to broader civil liberties. Ms Emms underscored the belief among coalition members that the bill could be weaponised against any group deemed vulnerable, thus calling for vigilance against what they perceived as an invasion of privacy and a potential infringement on human rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771022_2_179.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771022.2.179,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246283200
4792,22,10,1977,"International Hijacker Releases Hostages Unharmed,... (Press, 22 October 1977)","In a dramatic incident on 21 October 1977, Thomas Michael Hannan, a 29-year-old bank-robbery suspect, hijacked a Frontier Airlines Boeing 737 in Nebraska, aiming to facilitate the release of his alleged homosexual partner, George David Stewart, from jail in Atlanta. Stewart was incarcerated following a robbery charge related to a bank heist they had committed together. Fulfilling his surrender demands, Hannan requested the delivery of S3M and two parachutes, indicating a desire for an in-flight escape. During the incident, Hannan initially held 30 passengers and a crew of four aboard the aircraft. He opted to release all women and children, as well as two male passengers, including one who was a heart patient, when the plane made a refuelling stop in Kansas City. Upon arriving in Atlanta, where he had been holding the remaining hostages for approximately six hours, Hannan released two flight attendants after communication with Stewart, who had been flown in by helicopter to persuade him to surrender. Despite the efforts of his lawyer, Roger Thompson, who boarded the plane to negotiate Hannan's surrender, the situation escalated tragically. Hannan, sitting in the back of the plane, ultimately took his own life by shooting himself in the chest, ignoring Thompson's pleas to lay down his weapon. This occurred shortly after the last hostages were released unharmed. Emergency medical personnel rushed Hannan to Grady Hospital, where he was pronounced dead on arrival. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) officials confirmed that Hannan exhibited no signs of struggle prior to his suicide, and law enforcement had been focused on ensuring the safety of the hostages during the tense stand-off. Hannan had reportedly armed himself with a sawn-off shotgun during a security check at the airport and initiated the hijacking shortly thereafter. The overall tension surrounding the hijacking extended to Kansas City as families of the remaining hostages awaited news. The atmosphere shifted from anxiety to relief when it was announced that all hostages were released safely. Hannan's actions had drawn national attention, highlighting the risks and complex motivations behind hijackings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771022_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771022.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246283200
6884,25,10,1977,"Police Assn Denies Plot Over Walding Affair (Press, 25 October 1977)","A detective, Detective Senior-Sergeant Ian Hastings, has been fined for his involvement in an incident at the Crypt nightclub, which included a photograph of former Labour Cabinet Minister Joe Walding with a transvestite. This case has raised questions about whether there was any political conspiracy or intent to embarrass Mr Walding. Dr I.R.A. Moodie, the national secretary for the Police Association, stated on 23 October 1977 that Hastings was not involved in any scheme against Walding and described the incident as a series of coincidences. He referred to parts of a police tribunal's report that had not yet been made public, which he requested to be released. Hastings was charged with conduct that could bring discredit to the police after the nightclub encounter, which took place in June. He was found guilty and fined NZ$40 by Senior Magistrate J.A. Wicks. However, Hastings has appealed against this conviction and fine, raising concerns that news coverage had connected the Magistrate's ruling with an alleged attempt to “set up” Walding. Magistrate Wicks clarified in his remarks that the case lacked severe penalties and did not involve political implications. Dr Moodie highlighted that there was no evidence linking Hastings with any conspiracy. The report indicated that employed photographer and Hastings had not known each other prior to the tribunal hearing. He asserted that Hastings was merely attempting to deter the transvestite from pursuing Walding, who was a public figure, during legitimate police inquiries, which was misinterpreted in the media narrative. The transvestite reportedly claimed familiarity with Walding in an effort to distract police attention. In a different story, the Peacesat communication system played an important role during the cholera outbreak in Tarawa, Gilbert Islands. Established in 1971, Peacesat enables groups in widely separated locations within the Pacific to conduct direct communications. In a case of successful cooperation, medical experts and Air Force representatives in Wellington connected with personnel in Tarawa, Rarotonga, and even Atlanta, Georgia, via the satellite link during the emergency. Additionally, there was commentary on Australian comedian Barry Humphries’ show, which the New York Times critiqued unfavourably, pointing out that his performance relied on weak jokes and stereotypes, leading to confusion over its popularity in London. In local events, the Canterbury Children’s Theatre sought auditions for a production of “Mary Poppins”, encouraging performances in the style of Dick Van Dyke’s character Bert. Actresses for the title role would be auditioned soon, with a focus on acting skill, singing ability, and charm rather than prior flying experience. Lastly, Sir John Marshall, addressing a reunion for the Third Division Association in Timaru, reflected on his military service and transition to political engagement, drawing applause from the audience for his remarks about the changes in ‘war’.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771025_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771025.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246542400
6885,28,10,1977,"Apology In Crypt Case Sought As Report Freed (Press, 28 October 1977)","In a press statement on 27 October 1977, Mr J. A. Walding expressed his disappointment at the lack of an apology from either the police or Detective Senior-Sergeant I. F. Hastings regarding the incidents surrounding the ""Crypt affair,"" which had caused significant embarrassment to him and his family. Walding's remarks followed the release of a report from senior magistrate Mr J. A. Wicks, who had conducted an inquiry into allegations against Hastings, finding him guilty of conduct that brought discredit to the police. Hastings, aged 33, was fined $40, although he has appealed the decision. Walding noted that evidence presented at the inquiry demonstrated that Hastings had facilitated a meeting between Walding and two transvestites by using a police car to transport them to the Crypt cabaret. This action led to embarrassment, as Walding was unaware that police were involved and worried that a police report about his presence at the cabaret could tarnish his reputation. Walding's explanation revealed he had entered the Crypt after drinking at a local tavern, believing it to be a respectable establishment, and was approached by a person he initially took to be a woman, later revealed to be a transvestite. Mr Wicks' report clarified that the incident was an accumulation of coincidences rather than premeditated actions. Walding was not engaged in any misconduct during his time at the Crypt, and his presence there was deemed not discreditable, considering the lack of clear indications of the cabaret's reputation. Wicks also mentioned that Hastings had previously encountered one of the transvestites in a police context, which influenced his decision to investigate further. Hastings, accompanied by two trainee detectives, had sought to ascertain the identity of Walding after learning about a potential connection to the transvestites. Although Hastings did orchestrate the meeting, he believed it was necessary to confirm the transvestite's claims and maintain the integrity of Walding’s reputation. However, this resulted in an unfortunate public scandal for Walding. The inquiry further revealed complications involving a freelance photographer, Kenneth Charles McNally, who had taken a photograph of Walding at the Crypt. The incident escalated when transvestites believed McNally was harassing them, leading to a scuffle that resulted in the loss of the film he had on him. Wicks concluded that Hastings’ intentions to discredit the transvestite were misguided and ultimately led to a scandal that reflected poorly on the police. In summary, the investigation highlighted procedural failings within the police and raised significant concerns about misconduct that led to public embarrassment for a former politician, while also revealing tensions within the interactions between police and the local LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771028_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771028.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246801600
4793,28,10,1977,"Key Man Held In Thorpe Affair (Press, 28 October 1977)","On 28 October 1977, British police arrested Mr Andrew Newton, an airline pilot, in connection with a growing scandal involving former Liberal Party leader Mr Jeremy Thorpe. Mr Newton is a pivotal figure in this controversy as he has claimed he was offered £9,000 by a supporter of Mr Thorpe’s to assassinate a male model named Mr Norman Scott. Mr Scott, who has alleged that he and Mr Thorpe had a homosexual affair, remains alive. Mr Newton was detained upon landing at London’s Heathrow Airport after he returned from a supposed visit to friends in South Africa. Following his arrest, he was transported to Bristol for further questioning. The police had been seeking Mr Newton since he made his explosive claim regarding the assassination plot, which was reported by the ""Evening News"" in London the previous week. At the time of the developments, Mr Thorpe, aged 48, had previously resigned from his position as leader of the Liberal Party in May 1976. His resignation was attributed to what he described as a ""campaign of denigration"" against him, heavily influenced by Mr Scott’s various allegations. Mr Thorpe has consistently denied any homosexual relationship with Mr Scott and is anticipated to make a statement regarding the situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771028_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771028.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246801600
4794,29,10,1977,"I Know Nothing About Murder Plot—thorpe (Press, 29 October 1977)","On 29 October 1977, Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, publicly denied any involvement in an alleged plot to murder Norman Scott, a former friend with whom he had a controversial past. The situation gained renewed attention when Andrew Newton, a former airline pilot, claimed he was paid £5,000 by a prominent member of the Liberal Party to kill Scott. This series of allegations has further complicated the public image of the Liberal Party, which was attempting to regain political ground following Thorpe’s resignation from the leadership 18 months prior. The controversy traces back to Scott's court assertions that he and Thorpe had once engaged in a homosexual relationship. This month’s developments escalated when Newton made his statements to the media about being compensated for the alleged murder plot after serving time for shooting Scott’s dog. Thorpe insisted during a press conference that he had no prior knowledge of any such scheme and affirmed his intention to retain his parliamentary seat. The political drama was further complicated by previous comments from Sir Harold Wilson, the Labour Prime Minister at the time, who had suggested that Scott was possibly being manipulated by South African interests to tarnish Thorpe's reputation. While Thorpe acknowledged that Wilson had expressed skepticism regarding the South African theory, he stopped short of completely dismissing it. Thorpe recounted his first encounter with Scott in 1961 when he sought Scott's assistance. He described their relationship as close and affectionate but asserted that there was never any sexual involvement. Eventually, he distanced himself from Scott due to what he perceived as Scott's excessive demands. Meanwhile, Newton was detained by police upon arriving at London Airport, and he was in questioning at the Bristol police headquarters. The police had not provided specific details on the duration of his questioning or the status of his legal representative. The affair has not only affected Thorpe personally but also posed significant challenges for the Liberal Party’s public image as they navigate the fallout from these allegations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771029_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771029.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,246888000
7300,02,11,1977,"No Rights, Say ‘gay’ Groups (Press, 2 November 1977)","Delegates representing 15 New Zealand organisations advocating for gay rights raised concerns about proposed legislation affecting the rights of homosexual individuals. This statement was made at the conclusion of the inaugural conference of the National Gay Rights Coalition, chaired by Ms Judith Emms. Ms Emms expressed disappointment over the Human Rights Commission Bill, highlighting significant omissions regarding the protection of basic human rights for thousands of New Zealanders. She emphasised that essential needs such as employment, accommodation, and access to services should be safeguarded against discrimination and prejudice, a principle the government acknowledges. Genuine human rights legislation, according to Ms Emms, should promote equality for all individuals, including those from heavily discriminated communities such as homosexuals and de facto couples. She criticized politicians for what she viewed as superficial justifications for excluding these groups from legal protection, asserting that Parliament has a responsibility to safeguard the rights of all societal members. The current bill, by excluding certain groups, implies that they are unworthy of protection, which she condemned as a form of legalised discrimination. Ms Emms posed a philosophical question on equality, suggesting that either all individuals are equal, or not, and argued that the bill in question unjustly categorises some individuals as more equal than others. She lamented what she perceives as a decline in New Zealand's commitment to equality and welfare, highlighting that fundamental rights—such as the right to work, find a home, and access public services—are being reserved for a privileged few rather than being extended to all citizens.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771102_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771102.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,247230000
6518,12,11,1977,"Bridges To Cope With Shocks (Press, 12 November 1977)","On 12 November 1977, it was reported that earthquake-resistant shock absorbers, designed to withstand quakes of at least magnitude 7 on the Richter scale, are being installed for the first time in New Zealand on two bridges in Wellington. These shock absorbers, known as lead extrusion dampers, represent a groundbreaking technology developed by Dr Bill Robinson, the head of the physics division at the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research's Physics and Engineering Laboratory. After two years of development, the dampers are now being installed in the Aurora Terrace overbridge and the Bolton Street overbridge. The functioning of these dampers is analogous to that of vehicle shock absorbers. However, instead of using oil, they utilise high purity lead. The dampers are composed of pistons connected by a tie rod, and the lead is extruded through a restricted section of the cylinder when forces act on the bridges. Additionally, the bridges are equipped with glide bearings to allow for horizontal movement, while the dampers also prevent excessive movement during the braking of heavy traffic. Dr Robinson stated that the dampers had undergone rigorous testing—20 trials were conducted to confirm their reliability for earthquake magnitude 7 and beyond. The New Zealand Government has secured patents for the technology in key international markets, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Japan. The dampers are being manufactured commercially by a firm in Auckland, and ongoing research is being conducted into similar shock absorbers for potential use in buildings. In other news, American transsexual tennis player Renee Richards advanced to the finals of the River Plate women’s international tennis championships in Buenos Aires after defeating Argentinian player Viviana Gonzalez Loccicero with a score of 6-0, 7-6. Richards is set to compete against Ivana Madruga from Argentina in the final match.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771112_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771112.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,248094000
4795,17,11,1977,"K.g.b. Watches Italian’s Moscow Gay Lib Protest (Press, 17 November 1977)","On 17 November 1977, a significant event took place in Moscow when Angelo Pezzana, an official from the Italian Radical Party, held a news conference at the National Hotel near the Kremlin to advocate for homosexual rights in the Soviet Union. The conference drew immediate attention from Western journalists as it represented one of the first public appeals regarding homosexual rights in a country where such matters were heavily suppressed and rarely discussed openly. During the event, which was closely monitored by approximately 20 K.G.B. security officers, Pezzana unfurled a banner that proclaimed “Freedom for homosexuals in the U.S.S.R.” He argued that the laws prohibiting homosexuality under Article 121 of the Soviet criminal code, which could lead to a prison sentence of up to five years, violated fundamental human rights. This stance highlighted the broader implications of repression faced by homosexuals in the Soviet Union, where many lived secretive lives to avoid persecution. Pezzana's motivation for bringing attention to this issue stemmed in part from the case of Sergei Paradzhanov, a prominent Soviet film director who had been sentenced to a labour camp in 1974 due to charges related to homosexuality. Pezzana noted that the Venice Biennale festival was set to dedicate a day to showcasing films by Paradzhanov on 25 November, which he hoped would shed light on the injustices faced by homosexuals and raise awareness of their plight. The K.G.B. officials eventually instructed Pezzana to move the gathering into a more private setting, indicating the sensitive nature of the topic and the government's desire to control the narrative surrounding it. Pezzana, who was also part of the Italian homosexual liberation movement and had travelled to Moscow with a tourist group, expressed a commitment to advocating for the rights of homosexuals and acknowledged the many untold stories of repression and fear that existed within the Soviet Union's homosexual community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771117_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771117.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,248526000
6617,22,11,1977,"Women Back Abortion, Lesbians (Press, 22 November 1977)","The national women’s conference in Houston, Texas, held in 1977, saw a significant endorsement of abortion rights, sex education, and lesbian rights, amidst lively debates and emotional appeals. The conference attracted about 2,000 delegates and marked a historic moment, notably more divisive than even discussions around the Equal Rights Amendment. Tensions ran high as participants engaged in passionate arguments, with instances of pushing and shoving at the microphones as women sought to voice their opinions. A notable highlight was the presence of lesbian activists, symbolised by balloons showcasing the slogan “We are everywhere,” who celebrated what they viewed as a triumph for their cause. In contrast, anti-abortion groups mounted counter-demonstrations, expressing their dissent through chants and placards proclaiming “No lesbian bill.” This divide was particularly evident as conservative attendees from various states, including Mississippi and Hawaii, turned their backs to the podium in protest against the support for lesbian rights, fearing it would undermine traditional family structures. Some voices within the feminist movement also raised concerns about the endorsement of lesbian rights, arguing that it could detract from the broader campaign for equal rights. However, Betty Friedan, a pivotal figure in the American women's movement and author of “The Feminine Mystique,” shifted the narrative by publically supporting lesbian rights. In her address, Friedan candidly shared her struggles with the issue but ultimately advocated for the protection of lesbian civil rights, stating that division on this subject had persisted for too long. The resolution supporting lesbian rights called for the elimination of discrimination based on sexual preference across various sectors, including employment, housing, public accommodations, credit, the military, and child custody. This development underscored a significant moment in the intersection of feminism and LGBTQ+ rights, positioning the fight for lesbian rights as an integral part of the women's movement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771122_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771122.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,248958000
6618,01,12,1977,"News (Press, 1 December 1977)","On 1 December 1977, three magistrates in Nottingham made a landmark ruling regarding the album cover of the Sex Pistols’ album ""Never Mind the Bollocks, Here’s the Sex Pistols."" Despite the album's title, which features the word “Bollocks,” the magistrates determined that the record sleeve was not indecent. This came in the context of advertisements for the album being banned by British radio and television companies, even though the album had reached No. 1 in the charts and sold over 200,000 copies. In a related test case, Christopher Seale, a record-shop manager, was acquitted on four counts under the 88-year-old Indecent Advertisements Act. Separately, rock musician Alice Cooper, known for his wild lifestyle and heavy drinking, has voluntarily checked himself into a hospital in the eastern United States to seek treatment for alcoholism. The 33-year-old Cooper, who is the son of a preacher, had previously attempted to address his drinking problem through private therapy with psychiatrist Dr Eugene Landy, but was unsuccessful according to a statement from his publicist. Dr Landy is well-known for his aggressive treatment methods, notably with Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys. In legal matters, an inquest into the death of rock star Marc Bolan revealed that police are recommending the prosecution of Gloria Jones, the singer driving the car when the accident occurred. Inspector William Wilson stated that she could be charged with driving while unfit due to alcohol and possibly having an excess blood alcohol level. The inquest jury concluded that Bolan's death at the age of 29 was accidental, noting that the car had a wobbly front wheel prior to the crash. In the world of music, following a visit to the White House, jazz musician Chick Corea dismissed the notion of being awed by President Jimmy Carter, saying the last person to inspire such feelings was Miles Davis. Olivia Records, an all-women record label, has made headlines by releasing ""Lesbian Concentrate: A Lesbianthology of Songs and Poems."" This album features titles such as “For Straight Folks Who Don’t Mind Gays But Wish They Weren’t So Blatant” and “Ode To A Gym Teacher,” which includes the poignant line about a teacher being a “player on the ballfield of my heart.” Finally, the comedic duo Derek and Clive, consisting of Peter Cook and Dudley Moore, are set to release a new album titled ""Come Again"" under Virgin Records. Their first album stirred up considerable controversy, and their upcoming effort is said to surpass it in terms of lacking social value, focusing on themes of cancer and risqué topics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771201_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771201.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,249735600
4796,06,12,1977,"Fury At Police Chief Who Went To Prostitutes’... (Press, 6 December 1977)","On 6 December 1977, San Francisco Police Chief Charles Gain faced significant backlash for his attendance at a “hookers’ ball”, a fundraiser aimed at legalising prostitution in the United States. The event, boasting a ticket price of $25 per person, attracted a crowd of thousands and featured performances from prominent musicians, including members of the Grateful Dead. Among the attendees were topless dancers, provocative characters, and the event’s organiser, Margo St James, who is the founder of Coyote, the first union for sex workers. The ball reportedly raised $90,000 for the cause. The San Francisco charm and liberal attitudes were on full display during this striking event, which included a university marching band and eccentric performers. Criticism arose when local politicians, particularly conservative Supervisor Quentin Kopp, condemned Gain's attendance, suggesting it demeaned the police force. Kopp specifically pointed to a photograph depicting Gain alongside St James and a transvestite, labelled “Wonder Whore”, which became a focal point for objections against his behaviour. Mayor George Moscone defended Gain, insisting that his presence at the event did not equate to an endorsement of prostitution. Nevertheless, tensions escalated as the Police Officers’ Association claimed that further documentation regarding Gain's activities at the ball had been suppressed to shield the Mayor from criticism. The controversy highlighted a cultural divide in San Francisco, which has been labelled as one of America’s most liberal cities. Recent elections had ushered in a new wave of progressive leaders, including the city’s first openly homosexual supervisor and a black female civil rights activist. San Francisco's reputation as a free-spirited haven for diverse groups was juxtaposed against rising crime rates, with reports indicating a significant increase in murders and robberies, alongside a flourishing underground sex industry. Seth Stewart, who runs a hospitality house for runaway children, remarked on the complexities of the city’s allure, where tourism has been the chief economic driver and many visitors seek to indulge in “adult fantasies”. However, this playful reputation has led to social issues, such as young teenagers engaging in prostitution, highlighting the need for better community support for vulnerable youth. Furthermore, San Francisco’s history of open celebrations, exemplified by a recent Halloween event attended by over 100,000 people, has also raised concerns about public safety. Incidents at this event included chaos following a tear-gas grenade that injured several attendees, with police facing criticism for their lack of control during the festivities. As the debate around Gain’s attendance and the broader implications of legalising prostitution continued, the city found itself at a crossroads—navigating its identity as a progressive cultural hub while grappling with the socioeconomic challenges that accompany such a multifaceted reputation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771206_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771206.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,250167600
6619,06,12,1977,"Lesbian Seagulls (Press, 6 December 1977)","A university research team from the University of California has reported a discovery that approximately 14 per cent of female seagulls on Santa Barbara Island, located off the California coast, are in same-sex relationships. This finding is noted to be the first substantial evidence of widespread homosexual behaviour among wild birds. The research, led by Dr George Hunt and his wife Molly, involved the observation of 1,200 pairs of western seagulls over a three-year period. The study revealed that some female gulls adopt male roles and form stable unions similar to heterosexual pairs, engaging in mating behaviours, laying sterile eggs, and defending their nests. Interestingly, no evidence of homosexuality among male seagulls was identified during the research. Dr Hunt expressed astonishment at this unexpected discovery, stating that it was not something they anticipated before the study. The findings were published in the journal “Science,"" which is associated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science. The Hunts are keen to explore any potential environmental factors that could be influencing this behaviour. In parallel, another research team from the University of Washington, led by Dr Donald Farner, is examining the gull population on the same island, where a shortage of male birds may correlate with the prevalence of female same-sex pairings. Dr Farner's team is also analysing blood samples from the female gulls to assess hormone levels and determine if they fall within normal ranges. The research investigation evolved from an initial study focusing on parental qualities among gulls, during which the Hunts noticed that nests contained an unusually high number of eggs—exceeding the typical three laid by a female. Initially suspecting that some females might have been laying eggs in other birds' nests, they ultimately discovered that most instead originated from pairs of female gulls. To support their ongoing research, the National Science Foundation has awarded the Hunts and the Farner team a grant of $55,000. This funding will facilitate further studies to understand the implications of the findings and explore the dynamics of these same-sex relationships among seagulls.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771206_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771206.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,250167600
4797,14,12,1977,"The Bishops And The Sexual Revolution (Press, 14 December 1977)","On 14 December 1977, Roman Catholic bishops in the United States reaffirmed their belief that sexual intercourse is morally acceptable only within marriage and always wrong outside it. This reaffirmation occurred during a meeting of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops, where they endorsed a section of a new national teaching guide that condemned contraception and sterilisation. The bishops emphasised that, according to their doctrine, pre-marital sex, extramarital sex, adultery, homosexual behaviour, and other acts considered impure are prohibited for Christians. In a parallel action, the bishops’ doctrinal committee publicly denounced a Catholic theological study that advocated for more flexible moral standards regarding sexual ethics. This study, titled ""Human Sexuality: New Directions in American Catholic Thought,"" had been conducted by a five-member committee of the Catholic Theological Society of America. It suggested that the morality of sexual acts should be evaluated based on the circumstances rather than adhering to absolute rules, which the bishops argued was contrary to Church teaching. The bishops expressed their concern that the theological study's approach eliminated objective criteria for assessing sexual morality, thereby potentially permitting or even affirming sexual activities outside of marriage. Bishop Walter W. Curtis from Bridgeport, Connecticut, described the norms put forth in the study as dangerous and wrong. The bishops argued that the study's conclusions, which endorsed a more situational ethics perspective, undermined sound morality and the established guidelines of the Church. The study urged that sex acts should be judged by their contribution to personal growth and interpersonal integrity, as well as their honesty, loyalty, and social responsibility. It suggested that moral sexual behaviour should foster joy and life-affirming values, framed within the complexities of individual experiences. However, the bishops remained resolute in their stance against such interpretations, reinforcing the traditional Catholic view on sexual behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771214_2_119_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771214.2.119.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,250858800
7788,14,12,1977,"The Voting (Press, 14 December 1977)","On 14 December 1977, the New Zealand Parliament conducted a vote on the Birch amendment during the committee stages of the Contraception Sterilisation and Abortion Bill. The voting results indicated a significant division among the members regarding this crucial piece of legislation. Those in favour of the Birch amendment represented a mix of National and Labour party members, with notable proponents including L. R. Adams-Schneider from Waikato, Sir Basil Arthur from Timaru, and H. R. Lapwood from Rotorua. The tally included a range of constituencies, such as the Nat. seat holders from Frankton, Hobson, and Kapiti, alongside Labour representatives from areas such as Wigram and Heretaunga. The affirmative votes spanned across numerous electorates reflecting a broad coalition in support of the amendment. In contrast, the opposition to the Birch amendment was also diverse, comprising mainly members from the Labour party, alongside several National party members. Key voices against included G. Christie from Napier and Dr. A. M. Finlay from Henderson. The dissenting votes were drawn from various locations, which highlighted a split in perspectives on the issue. One member, Mr R. W. Prebble from Auckland Central, abstained from voting altogether, indicating a desire to remain neutral on the amendment rather than aligning with either the supporters or the opponents. This vote was a critical component of the ongoing debate surrounding reproductive rights and the legislative framework governing contraception and abortion in New Zealand. The Birch amendment's passage or rejection had implications for how the bill would evolve and be enacted in the future, showcasing the differing views and political dynamics at play within the Parliament at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771214_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771214.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,250858800
7301,15,12,1977,"Complaint Over Advertisement Not Upheld (Press, 15 December 1977)","On 15 December 1977, the New Zealand Press Council ruled against a complaint filed by the National Gay Rights Coalition against ""The Press"" newspaper. The coalition claimed discrimination after the newspaper allegedly refused to publish a three-column advertisement submitted for the 3 September edition. They sought an apology, arguing that this refusal had undermined their credibility. In response, management from ""The Press"" clarified that the advertisement was not refused but held over to verify the sponsors' signatures, adhering to standard practices for controversial ads. They expressed regret that the necessity for signature verification was not communicated to the advertisers sooner. ""The Press"" maintained that it was willing to publish the advertisement once it confirmed the authenticity of the signatures and received consent from senior officials of the organisations featured in the ad. The management pointed to a past situation in which ""The Press"" had to issue a disclaimer for an anti-abortion advertisement that included a doctor's name, underlining the need for caution in handling sensitive advertisements. The newspaper’s policy allowed it to reserve the right to decline publication of advertisements, even after they had been submitted and paid for. The Press Council concluded that the situation did not constitute a refusal of publication but rather demonstrated that ""The Press"" had acted reasonably and prudently. The council emphasised that the extra precautions taken were necessary and appropriately exercised in the context. Therefore, they dismissed the complaint by the National Gay Rights Coalition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771215_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771215.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,250945200
7784,23,12,1977,"Waring Call For Eight Abortion Answers (Press, 23 December 1977)","On 23 December 1977, Miss Marilyn Waring, a Government backbencher, called on the Minister of Justice, Mr Thomson, for a comprehensive explanation regarding the new abortion law under the Crimes Amendment Act. She expressed concerns about the uncertainty surrounding the law, particularly amongst medical professionals. Waring noted that she had received numerous inquiries from doctors who were unclear about the implications of the legislation. The Prime Minister had also indicated an interest in seeking advice concerning specific aspects of the new law. Waring posed a series of questions to Mr Thomson, highlighting the urgency and gravity of the situation. First, she asked how women expecting to obtain abortions through certifying consultants would be able to do so before the consultants became operative in April 1978. She queried where doctors should seek clear legal interpretations of the new law without risking their professional standing. Waring sought reassurance that doctors performing abortions would not face prosecution under the new law, especially since the certifying consultants were not yet available for operational duties. Additionally, she inquired if doctors would be held responsible for decisions regarding abortion until the supervisory committee and consultants took over in April. Waring requested clarification on whether certain actions, such as the insertion of an IUD after rape to procure an abortion, would be deemed illegal under the new legal definitions of abortion and miscarriage. She also questioned the legality of using prostaglandins on pregnant women and the legal status of women seeking menstrual extraction based on their belief of potential pregnancy. Waring emphasised the necessity for counselling services for women undergoing all stages of the abortion process before the law's full implementation in April. She planned to seek opinions from legal experts and academics regarding these questions and aimed to release her queries to the press, asserting the urgent need for prompt responses. In the context of the new law, Mr R. Jones, president of the Auckland Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ Society, supported Mr Thomson’s position regarding the emotional distress faced by women carrying abnormal fetuses, advocating for abortion in such circumstances. However, he noted that while the new law prohibits abortion solely due to an abnormal fetus, it still allows for procedures based on threats to the mother’s health. Contrarily, Mr R. Clough, a trustee of the Auckland Medical Aid Centre, argued against Thomson’s interpretation of the law concerning the provision stating that abortion would be illegal if the danger to the mother could be mitigated by other means. Clough claimed that such language in the law was inherently restrictive, questioning the expectation that doctors would not be unduly burdened by potential legal consequences. He underscored the need for legal assurances and highlighted the risks faced by medical practitioners under the new legal framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771223_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771223.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,251636400
4798,24,12,1977,"Cable Briefs (Press, 24 December 1977)","On 24 December 1977, significant developments were reported across various fronts. The Common Market has initiated plans to negotiate an agreement for purchasing uranium from Australia to support peaceful uses within Europe. This move also accompanies expectations of renewed uranium shipments from Canada in the upcoming New Year. The European Commission, the executive body of the Common Market, has sought guidance from its nine member countries on this initiative. In another development, the Soviet Union issued a warning to the Carter Administration regarding its stance on imprisoned dissident, Anatoly Shcharansky. The Soviet officials cautioned that the U.S. support for Shcharansky, who has been detained for over nine months, could negatively impact Soviet-American relations. The Soviet news agency Tass reiterated claims that Shcharansky had allegedly relayed state secrets to the West, an act classified as treason under Soviet law, which could potentially lead to the death penalty. Meanwhile, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced Ann Whitaker, a 38-year-old physicist and mother, as one of six American finalists for a joint U.S.-European spacelab mission set to launch in 1980. Earlier, the European Space Agency had announced four male finalists from Europe. In diplomatic news, Christophe Oberg, the Swedish Ambassador to Thailand, was reported to have crossed into Cambodia, seemingly on a mediation mission amidst ongoing border tensions between Thailand and Cambodia. Although Oberg's visit was officially described as a ""tourist trip"" with his wife, sources indicated that he aimed to facilitate dialogue amid recent border clashes. On a more alarming note, Patrick Kearney, a 38-year-old homosexual man from Riverside, California, confessed to being responsible for the murders of 32 individuals, the highest number attributed to a single person in recent history. Kearney, who has been sentenced to life imprisonment, gained notoriety for the killings known as the “trashbag murders,” in which many victims were dismembered and their remains disposed of in plastic garbage bags. In West Germany, the Christian Democratic Opposition party has called for the resignation of Defence Minister Georg Leber amid a burgeoning espionage scandal involving the Defence Ministry. Following revelations that a secretary had transmitted hundreds of confidential documents to East Germany, the parliamentary Defence Committee expressed dissatisfaction with Leber's explanations regarding the matter. Lastly, in Montgomery, Alabama, Cornelia Wallace sought an immediate court hearing for her estranged husband, Governor George Wallace, to provide temporary alimony and support during their divorce proceedings. In her petition, she claimed to be “penniless” and lacking financial means for the Christmas holiday, stating that Governor Wallace had failed to contribute any financial support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771224_2_81_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771224.2.81.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,251722800
6519,27,12,1977,"Big Demand For Pills And Potions (Press, 27 December 1977)","During the Christmas weekend of 1977, the Urgent Dispensary located on New Regent Street in Christchurch experienced one of its busiest holiday periods, expecting to process over 2000 prescriptions by the end of the day. Mr H. W. Gibson, the manager of the dispensary, noted that extra staff had been employed due to the high demand witnessed in the previous year. This decision was validated by the unprecedented volume of requests for prescriptions this year. On Saturday alone, more than 500 prescriptions were filled, followed by 300 on Christmas Day, and again over 500 the following day. Mr Gibson expressed confidence that they would surpass the 2000 mark by Tuesday evening, attributing the significant demand to the public's growing awareness of the dispensary's extended holiday hours, which ran from 9.30 a.m. to 11 p.m. In the realm of tennis, the United States Tennis Association announced the 1977 women's rankings, confirming that Chris Evert was ranked No. 1 for the fourth consecutive year. Billie Jean King ranked second, with Rosemary Casals in third place. Other notable players included Tracy Austin and Joanne Russell. The rankings also featured Renee Richards, a transsexual athlete, who secured the 12th position.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771227_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771227.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,251982000
6620,29,12,1977,"Book Says Florence Nightingale Lesbian (Press, 29 December 1977)","On 29 December 1977, it was reported that a new novel by English author Dr Richard Gordon portrays Florence Nightingale, the famed founder of modern nursing, as a lesbian. The book, titled ""The Private Life of Florence Nightingale,"" presents a fictional narrative in which Nightingale engages in a passionate romance with another woman. Dr Gordon, who is well-known for his ""Doctor in the House"" series, asserts that his portrayal draws from real letters that Nightingale wrote to her friends, suggesting a basis in factual accounts. In defending his work, Dr Gordon pointed to specific letters where Nightingale alludes to her intimate relationships, claiming she mentioned “having shared the beds of English countesses and German cowgirls” and noted her unique experiences with women of varying religious backgrounds. Despite these claims, the Royal College of Nursing expressed strong opposition to the book's interpretation of Nightingale's life. A spokesman for the college defended Nightingale's reputation, emphasising her status as a “great Victorian lady” and critiquing Dr Gordon’s focus on her sexual history. The spokesman argued that Dr Gordon's interpretation is overly reliant on letters, which may not present a comprehensive view of Nightingale's character, highlighting that it reflects only one man's perspective. Dr Gordon maintained his position, contending that his work is rooted in facts rather than an intention to tarnish Nightingale's legacy. His novel is positioned not only as a fictional account but also as an exploration of the lesser-known aspects of Nightingale's life, despite the backlash from institutions aimed at preserving her historical significance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19771229_2_57_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19771229.2.57.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,252154800
6621,07,01,1978,"Doctor Helps Lesbian Couples Have Children (Press, 7 January 1978)","A gynaecologist in London has aided eight lesbian couples in becoming parents through artificial insemination, as reported by the ""Evening News"" on 7 January 1978. The couples connected with the doctor via Sappho, an organisation that facilitates women-only social evenings for lesbians. The eldest child resulting from the procedures is now two years old and resides in Australia with her mother and partner. The mother had a second child through the same method prior to her departure from London. The sperm donors were men known to the doctor, but the couples did not know them. Jackie Forster, a Sappho organiser, mentioned a desire to keep this initiative confidential and hoped that it would be more widely available before the scheme was publicised. She envisioned a future where many lesbian women would have children, with the oldest expected to be healthy teenagers by then. The report indicated that six of the couples assigned to the doctor had successfully given birth, with Ms Forster asserting that support for such arrangements should be available nationwide through the National Health Service. The British Medical Association (B.M.A.) stated that there are no strict ethical guidelines concerning homosexuality and that doctors must evaluate each situation on a case-by-case basis. They acknowledged that some lesbians aspire to motherhood and typically do not face special issues during pregnancy. The B.M.A. emphasised that a doctor's primary concern must be the welfare of the mother wanting to conceive, while also considering the implications of the child's upbringing in an unconventional family environment. A report by ""Evening News"" journalist Joanna Patyna revealed that she and a colleague conducted a two-month investigation, posing as a lesbian couple to meet with the doctor. Although the report identified the physician and claimed he has assisted in the birth of ten babies, the doctor was unavailable for comment as he was on holiday, and his clinic receptionist indicated he had been advised not to make any statements. Ms Forster affirmed that the couples referred to the doctor by Sappho had all given birth to wonderful children. She recounted that the doctor had first attended a Sappho meeting at the end of 1971, during which the topic of lesbian couples having children through artificial insemination arose organically. The doctor expressed his willingness to assist, and the offer was subsequently detailed in the Sappho publication, which boasts a readership of 900.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780107_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780107.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,252932400
6622,09,01,1978,"Lesbians Attack Paper After... (Press, 9 January 1978)","On 9 January 1978, a significant backlash emerged from the lesbian community in response to a front-page article published by London's ""Evening News."" The piece reported that ten children had been born in Britain through artificial insemination (A.I.D.) to lesbian couples, inciting concern regarding the rights and home life of these children. In protest, approximately two dozen demonstrators, both men and women, staged a sit-in at the newspaper's offices, even setting off stink bombs. Their chants included statements such as, “Every woman has the right to have a child,” emphasising their belief in reproductive rights. The reports identified Dr David Moses Sopher, a gynaecologist operating in London's affluent Belgravia district, as the physician involved in helping these lesbian couples conceive. Jackie Forster, a founder of the lesbian organisation Sappho, indicated that she could confirm at least six lesbian couples who had undergone the A.I.D. process through Dr Sopher. Despite the serious implications of the story, Dr Sopher reportedly could not be reached for comments as his clinic stated he had ""gone away."" In the political sphere, several Conservative Members of Parliament responded swiftly, voicing their disapproval of the practice of A.I.D. for lesbian couples. MP Sir George Young described the act as unnatural and immoral. He expressed intentions to petition Health Minister Dr David Ennals to establish guidelines with the British Medical Association, suggesting that A.I.D. services should only be available to heterosexual couples in stable, traditional family units. He noted, “There are no guidelines or legislation on this matter because no one envisaged this happening.” Another vocal opponent, Dr Rhodes Boyson, also a Conservative MP, categorically condemned the practice, labelling it evil and selfish. He argued for a cessation of such methods undertaken without a natural father, asserting that society already grapples with numerous challenges that should not be exacerbated by such developments. The incident encapsulates a broader societal debate regarding the rights of lesbian couples and their families, highlighting the tensions between emerging reproductive technologies and traditional views on family structure. The protests at the newspaper office underscored a determination among members of the lesbian community to assert their rights in the face of public and political scrutiny.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780109_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780109.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,253105200
4799,25,01,1978,"N.z. Isolated Land Of Mediocrity—author (Press, 25 January 1978)","On 25 January 1978, John Bruce, a New Zealand author currently residing in Ireland, expressed strong criticism of his home country, describing it as an isolated and mediocre society on the brink of bankruptcy. Bruce, who is known for his thriller “Airscream,” urged the New Zealand Cabinet to consider his draft legislation aimed at reforming the country’s tax structure to attract writers, artists, and sportsmen by making it a tax haven. He suggested that publicly funded ballet and opera companies could also drive significant revenue by drawing wealthy tourists, particularly from Japan. Having moved to Wellington in 1975 to escape perceived threats from Eurocommunism, Bruce now plans to purchase a home in Ireland within weeks, following a promotional tour in Britain and the United States. He articulated a love for New Zealand despite his critiques, stating that the nation possesses immense potential. However, he believes that its citizens have mistaken egalitarianism for mediocrity and have failed to recognise that wealth can exist alongside a lack of poverty. Bruce warned that if New Zealand's economic challenges persist, it could lead to international moneylenders taking control, jeopardising the country’s self-determination and democracy. Bruce’s decision to leave New Zealand was partly motivated by financial considerations; he claimed he would pay approximately 60 per cent tax on his earnings there, which have already exceeded $320,000. In contrast, Ireland offers tax advantages for writers, allowing them to keep more of their income. His latest work, “Airscream,” has gained positive attention, compared to publications by Arthur Hailey, and has been described as a gripping story about the aftermath of an air collision. Despite the buzz surrounding his novel, Bruce noted some critical feedback from New Zealand's literary scene, highlighting that reviews have questioned the credibility of certain characters in his narrative. Although some criticism has pointed out flaws in his writing, Bruce remains optimistic about his future as a prolific novelist and plans to continue his writing career with more themed novels in the pipeline. As Bruce reflects on his aspirations to reshape New Zealand into a more artistically and intellectually vibrant environment, he also contemplates the challenges he faces in achieving this vision while living abroad. His next project is set to explore the themes of morality and the quality of political leadership in New Zealand, focusing on a fictional narrative about a doctor accused of rape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780125_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780125.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,254487600
4800,25,01,1978,"The Clinic Over The Sea (Press, 25 January 1978)","ANNE McHARDY, writing for the “Guardian” on 25 January 1978, highlights the pressing situation in Northern Ireland regarding reproductive rights, drawing parallels with New Zealand. The introduction of divorce and homosexual law reform is imminent, as Roy Mason plans to implement legislation through Orders in Council to align Northern Ireland with the rest of the United Kingdom. However, Mason will not extend the 1967 Abortion Act to Northern Ireland, meaning that women seeking abortions will continue to be compelled to travel to England. Mrs. Joan Wilson, the director of the Ulster Pregnancy Advisory Association (UPAA), operates a charity dedicated to assisting women with unplanned pregnancies who are forced to travel across the water for abortions. Established six years earlier, the UPAA provides counselling, clinic bookings, and travel assistance but operates under the stringent Northern Irish law that only permits legal abortions in cases where a woman's mental or physical health is at risk, or if the unborn child has a physical abnormality. Despite these regulations, an estimated 250 to 500 women still pursue abortions annually. Last year, a confirmed 1,118 women from Northern Ireland travelled to England for the procedure, with the actual number likely being double. Many women navigate this process by using the address of relatives or friends in Britain to access National Health Service abortions, which are not available to Northern Irish residents. The UPAA discreetly advertises its services and receives referrals from health professionals. In practice, Mrs. Wilson and her team facilitate the process for women seeking abortions by offering supportive advice. If a pregnancy test yields positive results, women are sent to one of six interviewers for further assistance. Depending on how far along the pregnancy is, arrangements are made for the women to visit various clinics across England, with logistical support from UPAA. However, financial constraints significantly hinder many women’s abilities to obtain the procedure, especially those from lower-income backgrounds. The cost of travel, combined with clinic fees, often makes the process more expensive for Northern Irish women compared to their English counterparts. The UPAA charges £7.50, of which only a portion aids the interviewers, and some travel grants are available for those in desperate need, though financial support is limited. The entire experience is imbued with isolation and precaution, as interviewers guide women on how to safely navigate their trips. They encourage night travel and schedule appointments that limit the time women spend exploring unfamiliar cities. Additionally, follow-up medical checks are arranged to ensure ongoing care. Mrs. Wilson expresses concern about the social attitudes towards reproductive health in Northern Ireland, noting that they lag significantly behind those in Britain. She identifies particular challenges in Catholic communities where seeking assistance is fraught with stigma. Although contraceptives are accessible through various channels, there is often a lack of initiative among women to seek them out, reflecting broader societal attitudes towards sexuality and reproductive rights in the region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780125_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780125.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,254487600
7075,10,02,1978,"‘Gays’ Plan Festival (Press, 10 February 1978)","Christchurch's homosexual community is set to host its inaugural summer festival from February 20 to February 26, 1978. This festival will serve as a precursor to the Gay Pride Week scheduled for June. Throughout the week, various activities have been organised, including a sauna night, a consciousness-raising discussion, and a film evening featuring the screening of ""The Killing of Sister George."" Additionally, there will be a cultural evening and a dance. The festival will culminate in a camping event in Oxford over the weekend. In other news, a Christchurch solicitor has been sentenced to two and a half years in prison for theft by misappropriation. Prime Minister Rob Muldoon has expressed his anger in response to a radio report suggesting a dispute between him and his Australian counterpart, Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser. Internationally, Somali forces are reportedly struggling against a significant Ethiopian counter-offensive, which is being supported by Soviet and Cuban troops, as tensions escalate in the Horn of Africa.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780210_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780210.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,255870000
4801,10,02,1978,"Down Fall Of Wilde (Press, 10 February 1978)","On 10 February 1978, a film featuring Robert Morley as Oscar Wilde was scheduled to air on TVI. The film also starred notable actors such as Sir Ralph Richardson, Dennis Price, and Phyllis Calvert. It focused on the life of the renowned author and playwright Oscar Wilde, set against the backdrop of Queen Victoria’s strong opposition to homosexual conduct, a stance that overlooked lesbianism due to her disbelief in its existence. The film explores the harsh consequences of the laws enacted during her reign, which led to widespread persecution and witch hunts targeting homosexuals throughout Britain. Among the many affected was Oscar Wilde, whose life and career became a focal point of public attention, though not necessarily sympathy. Wilde is celebrated for his significant contributions to literature, with beloved works including “Lady Windermere’s Fan,” “The Importance of Being Earnest,” and “The Ballad of Reading Gaol.” A pivotal scene depicted Wilde's encounter with Lord Alfred Douglas, portrayed by John Neville. This meeting marked the beginning of a scandal that ultimately contributed to the downfall of Wilde’s illustrious career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780210_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780210.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,255870000
4802,13,02,1978,"Cable Briefs (Press, 13 February 1978)","On 13 February 1978, a significant protest took place in central London, where around 4,000 demonstrators gathered to oppose criticism directed at the gay newspaper ""Gay News."" This march was organised by more than 100 homosexual organisations and culminated in Trafalgar Square. During the event, the editor of ""Gay News,"" Dennis Lemon, delivered a speech in which he addressed the growing harassment faced by the gay community over the past year, highlighting concerns about civil rights and societal acceptance. In a separate news item, Thai government forces engaged in a skirmish involving aerial support against a coalition of Cambodian troops and Thai insurgents at the tense border between Thailand and Cambodia. The conflict took place in Ubon Ratchathani province, approximately 510 kilometres north-east of Bangkok. Reports indicated that two Thai soldiers lost their lives, while estimated communist casualties reached up to 40, predominantly due to Thai air strikes. Meanwhile, in West Berlin, a tragic incident unfolded involving two followers of the Indian sect Ananda Marga. On Thursday, the pair committed suicide by self-immolation in front of the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church. They distributed leaflets prior to their act, claiming their deaths were motivated by love for the poor and suffering. The leaflets also called for the release of Prabhat Ranjan Sarka, the sect's Indian leader, who is serving a life sentence for the murder of six defectors from the sect. Notably, Ananda Marga has been linked to various violent incidents, including the stabbing of an Indian military attaché in Australia and assaults on Indian property in Britain. Additionally, reports emerged from Paris regarding the ongoing kidnapping case of Baron Edouard Jean Empain, head of a major industrial empire. The kidnappers have been demanding a ransom that not only includes monetary compensation but also a percentage of the assets belonging to the Empain-Schneider group, which comprises 150 companies. As per the Parisian daily ""France-Soir,"" the kidnappers believe that they can secure funds quicker through a levy on these companies than through the Empain family. The baron was abducted outside his home in Paris 18 days prior to the report.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780213_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780213.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,256129200
4053,14,02,1978,"Assault Charge Dismissed (Press, 14 February 1978)","On 14 February 1978, a charge against Mark David Morgan for assault at a Gay Liberation Front social was dismissed. Despite allegations against him involving a threatening gesture with a knife, the magistrate ruled there was insufficient evidence regarding the timing of events. Morgan was, however, convicted of wilful damage for having caused $20 worth of damage to a motorcycle, resulting in a $50 fine.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780214_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780214.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,256215600
7060,16,02,1978,"Elvis — Costello? (Press, 16 February 1978)","In a surprising turn of events for Greymouth, a small town not typically known for hosting lively New Zealand rock bands, Tom Sharplin and the Rockets, a group from Auckland, have captivated local audiences. Following a memorable performance in Greymouth in November 1977, the band returned to Christchurch's Aranui Motor Lodge for another show last week, which further showcased their vibrant and entertaining style. The band's performance in Greymouth was described as stunning, likely due to the rarity of professional musicianship in the area. Known for their engaging antics, the group incorporates humour into their shows to connect with audiences. For instance, during one humorous segment, two members leapt into the audience squawking like seagulls while wearing costumes during a rendition of Neil Diamond's ""Jonathan Livingstone Seagull."" Another highlight included a playful take on Tchaikovsky's ""Nutcracker Suite,"" with keyboardist Malcolm Smith donned in a bow tie and using a music stand. Their performances are marked by a rock 'n' roll finale featuring classic hits from the 1950s, with songs made famous by legends like Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, and Jerry Lee Lewis, ensuring that their shows grab the audience's attention. The group has been touring New Zealand for 18 months and it is their third nationwide tour. Lead guitarist Glenn White noted their popularity is on the rise, having sold out shows in various cities, including Palmerston North and Invercargill. White also commented on the tendency of New Zealand bands to infuse humour into their acts, suggesting it is an effective way to engage with the often reserved local audiences. He referenced other groups, such as Split Enz, who use elements of insanity, and Mother Goose's play on pure slapstick comedy as part of the broader strategy to win over tough crowds. Aside from their comedic sketches, Tom Sharplin and the Rockets are equally capable of delivering strong musical performances, often featuring songs by Santana. Their dynamic and cohesive play style showcases the camaraderie among the band members, who constantly seek fresh ideas to integrate into their act. For example, during their time in Dunedin, they staged a “Miss Drag Queen” contest, which was well received. Tom Sharplin and the Rockets are set to return to Greymouth for performances next Friday and Saturday, and following their Greymouth shows, they will head to Nelson for a week. The group plans to return to Christchurch in July, continuing to build on their growing popularity across New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780216_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780216.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,256388400
4803,17,02,1978,"‘Trash Bag’ Killer Charged Again (Press, 17 February 1978)","On 17 February 1978, Patrick Kearney, a convicted murderer already serving a life sentence for the killings of three young men in Riverside County, California, faced 17 additional murder charges brought by the Los Angeles County District Attorney. Kearney, a 38-year-old former aerospace worker, had already confessed to murdering 32 young men and disposing of their remains in plastic rubbish bags across various southern California counties. With the new charges, Kearney now faces a total of 20 murder counts. The latest complaints detail the murders of 17 individuals, including boys aged 5 to 28, whose bodies were discovered in multiple counties, including Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, Riverside, and Imperial. The murders reportedly occurred between September 1968 and April 1977, with discoveries of the bodies taking place from February 1973 until July 7, 1977. Kearney had previously pleaded guilty to three murders in Riverside County on 21 December 1977, which resulted in his life imprisonment. He is currently incarcerated at Chino Prison. During court proceedings, Kearney mentioned that his killings were partly inspired by a notorious record of murders by a homosexual group in Houston, Texas, in 1973, and he had kept a scrapbook of related news articles. The victims, often described as teenage drifters and young men, were primarily shot in the head, and dismembered body parts were discovered in plastic bags placed along highways throughout southern California. Kearney is expected to be arraigned on the new charges in the upcoming week. Although he expressed remorse for his actions, stating, “It is nothing to be proud of,” he acknowledged the need to take responsibility for his crimes. His sentence allows for the possibility of parole in seven years, although Superior Court Judge John Hews indicated that it is highly likely he will spend the remainder of his life in prison. Kearney, along with his partner David Douglas Hill, aged 35, surrendered to authorities in Riverside County when they were identified as suspects. However, a grand jury declined to indict Hill due to insufficient evidence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780217_2_55_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780217.2.55.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,256474800
4804,27,02,1978,"Cable Briefs (Press, 27 February 1978)","On 27 February 1978, a variety of news stories were reported, highlighting significant events in the United States and Germany. First, an auction in New York showcased antiques formerly owned by Henry Ford II and his ex-wife, Anne. The event attracted considerable attention and fetched a total of $2.1 million, with nearly half the items sold exceeding the auctioneer's top estimates. The assortment mainly featured exquisite 18th-century French furniture, clocks, gold boxes, and porcelain. In a darker story, Patrick Wayne Kearney, infamous for being the ""trash bag murderer,"" narrowly evaded execution in California's gas chamber. Kearney confessed to the brutal killings of 32 young men and boys between 1975 and 1977. However, he escaped the death penalty due to a hiatus in the state's capital punishment laws; California abolished the death penalty in 1972 and reinstated it only in August 1977 for mass murderers such as Kearney. In West Germany, the exhumation of the body of Anneliese Michel drew public interest. Anneliese had passed away 19 months earlier at the age of 23 following exorcism rituals, believed by her parents to have been caused by demonic possession rather than a severe illness. Following the exhumation, it was confirmed that her body had decomposed at a normal rate, contrary to the parents' assumptions that signs of no decomposition would indicate a demonic influence. In Sydney, a tragic incident unfolded involving an 18-year-old girl who suffered severe injuries from a brutal gang rape. After leaving a group of friends at a hotel in Caringbah, she was attacked by a group of six or seven men. The young woman tragically lost her left eye as a result of the assault and was hospitalized with additional injuries but was reported to be in satisfactory condition. Lastly, a West German parliamentary inquiry into the deaths of three Baader-Meinhof guerrilla leaders—Andreas Baader, Jan-Carl Raspe, and Gudrun Ensslin—failed to reach a consensus on political accountability regarding the circumstances surrounding their demise. Officially deemed suicides, the inquiry raised questions regarding the claims that lawyers smuggled in firearms used by Baader and Raspe, while also concluding that Irmgard Moeller, a convicted guerrilla found stabbed in her cell on the same day, had inflicted her injuries upon herself, despite her allegations of being attacked by an unknown assailant. These reports indicate a range of societal issues and events, reflecting the complexities of human behaviour and the legal system during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780227_2_75_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780227.2.75.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,257338800
7326,03,03,1978,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 3 March 1978)","On 3 March 1978, a notice was published regarding the submission guidelines for letters intended for print in a specific column. The guidelines emphasised that submissions must be limited to 150 words and should preferably be typed. It was specified that letters should be written on one side of the paper, leaving enough space in the margins and between lines for editing purposes. Additionally, letters must include a clear signature and a full postal address, excluding P.O. Box numbers. It was also noted that letters written under pen names or initials would generally not be accepted for publication. Correspondents were required to disclose whether their submissions had been sent elsewhere. The Editor stated that there would be no acknowledgment or return of letters not selected for publication. In a related note, a correspondent named Mike Waghorn commented on the issue of decay prevention, stating that it should not be considered merely as suppressing a symptom, highlighting his views on the matter with a call for pro-woman approaches which, while possibly expensive, would involve fewer risky delays. Waghorn's letter was dated 2 March 1978.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780303_2_126.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780303.2.126,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,257684400
7172,03,03,1978,"Michael Dean Cuts N.z. Ties, Goes ‘home’ To... (Press, 3 March 1978)","Michael Dean, a New Zealand-born broadcaster, has returned to the UK after spending two and a half years in Australia and New Zealand. He is currently living in a Victorian house in London that he feels is haunted by its female builder. Dean began working as a reporter for the BBC's “Man Alive” television programme and is also writing for magazines like the ""Spectator"" and ""New Statesman."" Through his recent broadcasts on BBC Radio Four, titled ""Home and Away,"" and a critical article about Australia, he is gaining a reputation in Britain as an anti-Antipodean. In his broadcasts, Dean reflects on his experiences since returning to England. He reminisces about his first day back in London, where he observed a diverse and tolerant atmosphere in a park, contrasting this with his experiences in New Zealand and Australia. He felt out of place in New Zealand, describing a sense of alienation when he engaged with its countryside. Dean expressed his affection for England, which he associates with his upbringing, citing the humanised beauty of the English countryside and the embracing of individual differences. Dean has noted changes in New Zealand during his absence, acknowledging its cultural evolution. He praised local theatre productions and suggested that New Zealand television has surpassed Australian television. However, he expressed that New Zealand culture still struggles with conformity and lacks the diversity seen in England. He remarked on the pressure for conformity in New Zealand society, linking it to what he termed ""great New Zealand modesty."" Despite his critical views, Dean admitted that his approach to New Zealand audiences might have been miscalculated in his previous television work. He is now engaged in a project examining the class system in Britain, using the hierarchy among British doctors as a case study. Dean, who experiences recurring nightmares about his childhood in Palmerston North, has fully committed to his life in the UK. He lives in Highgate with his wife, actress Christine Collins, and their two daughters. With his affinity for England and newfound career in broadcasting, Dean has decisively left behind any ties to New Zealand and is prepared to spend the rest of his life in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780303_2_56_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780303.2.56.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,257684400
4805,07,03,1978,"Cable Briefs (Press, 7 March 1978)","On 7 March 1978, a book authored by David Rorvik, which claims that a human being has been successfully created in a laboratory, is eliciting both intrigue and skepticism. The book is published by J. P. Lippincott as a non-fiction piece, citing Rorvik's reputable background as a former medical writer for ""Time"" magazine. Although the publisher acknowledged his credentials, they stated they could not confirm the authenticity of his claims. Rorvik is noted for being the first winner of the Pulitzer travelling fellowship and a 1967 honours graduate from the Columbia School of Journalism. Since 1970, he has worked as a freelance writer and was recognised for his extensive reporting in science and medicine. In Australia, the Waterside Workers’ Federation announced that workers at all ports will now load uranium. This decision follows a series of meetings and comes after the federation's federal secretary, Mr Charlie Fitzgibbon, stated that they had endorsed the Australian Council of Trade Unions' stance on uranium mining and export, thereby lifting previously imposed bans from the last year. In a recent vote during a special meeting of unions affiliated with the A.C.T.U. in Sydney, it was decided that while existing contracts would be honoured, there would be a withholding of labour on new projects until discussions about safety procedures and Indigenous land rights could take place. In Beirut, clashes between rightist and leftist gunmen have erupted once again, prompting threats from the Arab peacekeeping force to use artillery to quell the violence. Reports indicate that a woman has been killed and four others wounded during the fighting, which involved heavy weaponry such as mortars, rockets, and machine-guns. This surge in conflict is described as the most severe since the Lebanese civil war ended in November 1976. Lastly, in the UK, the House of Lords engaged in intense debate over a bill that sought to abolish the offence of blasphemy. The discussion was sparked by a legal case last year in which ""Gay News,"" a magazine, was fined £1,000 for blasphemous libel. This prosecution, led by anti-pornography campaigner Mary Whitehouse, stemmed from a poem describing a centurion’s homosexual feelings towards Jesus Christ during the Crucifixion. This was the first blasphemous libel prosecution since 1921, and the bill would have prevented future cases of this nature, but ultimately it was rejected by the packed House.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780307_2_71_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780307.2.71.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,258033600
7786,07,03,1978,"Candidate For Waipa (Press, 7 March 1978)","On 7 March 1978, Miss Marilyn Waring was chosen as the National Party’s candidate for the newly established Waipa electorate. During a secret ballot held in Te Awamutu the previous evening, she received significant support, defeating three other nominees. The event attracted around 700 attendees to the Te Awamutu College hall, where Miss Waring, who serves as the Member of Parliament for Raglan, was met with a standing ovation upon her nomination announcement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780307_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780307.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,258033600
4806,08,03,1978,"Killer Of 8 Nurses ‘confesses’ (Press, 8 March 1978)","On 8 March 1978, Richard Speck, who is currently serving a life sentence for murdering eight nurses in Chicago in 1966, confessed to his involvement in the brutal killings. According to a report by the ""Chicago Sun-Times"" columnist Bob Greene, Speck, now 34 years old and imprisoned at Stateville penitentiary, admitted to the heinous acts during an interview. Speck recounted the events of the night of 13-14 July 1966, when he had attacked the nurses in their townhouse on the far south side of Chicago. He remarkably expressed remorse for his actions while attributing his violent behaviour to being under the influence of heroin and whisky. Notably, he stated that if one of the victims had not “spit in [his] face,” they would still be alive. During the interview, Speck detailed his actions, saying, ""Yeh, I killed them. I stabbed them and choked them."" He also mentioned that an alleged accomplice, whom he referred to as “an effeminate homosexual,” assisted in the killings. Speck claimed to have killed seven of the eight nurses, while the accomplice was responsible for one murder. He went on to assert that he subsequently shot this accomplice six times, suggesting that he is aware of the man's death. Despite previously maintaining his innocence, Speck’s recent admissions raise questions about the circumstances surrounding the horrific crime that shocked the nation and left a lasting impact on public sentiment regarding safety and crime in Chicago. The confession could potentially shed new light on the 1966 case, which had led to Speck's life imprisonment but had not previously implicated anyone else in the killings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780308_2_81_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780308.2.81.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,258120000
7790,08,03,1978,"Landslide Success For Miss Waring (Press, 8 March 1978)","On 8 March 1978, Marilyn Waring, representing the National Party, expressed her relief after winning a landslide nomination for the new Waipa seat in Te Awamutu. She achieved this victory in the first ballot with substantial support from the 174 voting delegates, outpacing her three male competitors. Her nomination was met with enthusiasm, as over 700 attendees at Te Awamutu College Hall gave her a standing ovation. At just 25 years old, Waring is the youngest member of the New Zealand House of Representatives. She entered Parliament for the first time in 1975, securing the Raglan seat with a notable majority of 3,756 votes. Waring possesses an honours degree in political science from Waikato University and has experience as an information officer for the National Party in Wellington. Following a boundary reshuffle, the previous Raglan electorate ceased to exist. The newly established Waipa electorate retains part of the old Raglan area while also incorporating sections of King Country. It encompasses the urban regions of Te Awamutu, Cambridge, and Otorohanga. Given its strong agricultural presence, the Waipa seat is deemed secure for the National Party. During the nomination process, Waring and her opponents each had the opportunity to speak for ten minutes and respond to questions posed by Prime Minister Muldoon and party president G. A. Chapman. The voting results were kept confidential, known only to the regional secretary T. Barber and four appointed scrutineers. Waring’s ability to win in the first ballot suggests that she garnered more than half of the delegates' votes. Upon the announcement of her selection, Waring conveyed feelings of relief, admitting she had held confidence throughout the process but felt anxious about the outcome until the results were revealed. Surrounded by congratulatory floral arrangements and moved to tears by the support, she expressed optimism regarding her prospects in the upcoming general election in November. Waring urged for unity within the electorate as she prepares for the campaign ahead.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780308_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780308.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,258120000
4807,15,03,1978,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 15 March 1978)","On 15 March 1978, several notable events and discussions were reported in New Zealand. A striking piece of advice from an air safety adviser has emerged for female flight attendants, specifically British Airways stewardesses. It warns women caught in a fire to ""whip off your tights,"" as research has indicated that nylon worn next to the skin can result in severe disfigurement during such incidents. Meanwhile, the Vintage Country Fair prompted some nostalgic reflections on sanitation. The Waimairi Lions Club erected primitive pit toilets which evoked curiosity among the younger attendees, familiar only with modern plumbing. A young boy questioned the lack of familiar features such as a white seat and windows, leading to a dialogue with his grandfather about the past, including references to the ""Auckland Weekly"" that used to adorn toilet walls—a further indication of changing cultural norms. In a literary context, poet Vincent O’Sullivan spoke at the Novelists’ Symposium in Christchurch, proposing an imaginative outline for an ""impossible New Zealand novel."" His concept included a diverse cast: a successful capitalist hero, a Māori villain, a bland homosexual, a retarded character lacking profound insights, and a football player quoting Allan Curnow. He also suggested local settings and characters, such as a prefect from Christ’s College winning a debating prize for discourse on union representation, and a canon who gains recognition in the Queen’s Birthday Honours for his humility. The report also touched on agriculture, highlighting Mrs Yuilleen White from Oxford, who cultivated a sizeable pineapple from the leftover top of a store-bought fruit. She has nurtured it over four years, with neighbours suggesting she should attempt growing coconuts next, attributing her success to the unusually hot summer. In the realm of entertainment, Christchurch audiences are known for their stoic nature, but dissatisfaction arose during a performance of ""Steptoe and Son,"" leading to complaints that outnumbered the available forms at the Town Hall. The Arts Festival programme faced its challenges as well. The craft exhibition at the Robert McDougall Gallery faced disappointment when potter Dennis Hadfield failed to show for a raku firing demonstration. A crowd of eager potters gathered early only to leave disappointed after waiting without any sign of Hadfield, who later cited urgent personal matters for his absence. Additionally, those seeking to visit a pottery exhibition found the gallery locked and unattended, emphasizing the frustrations of the eager attendees. Overall, the day captured a blend of humorous insights into cultural shifts, agricultural triumphs, artistic aspirations, and the occasionally rocky intersection of entertainment and audience expectations in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780315_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780315.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,258724800
7785,27,03,1978,"M.p. Lobbies For N.z. Exports (Press, 27 March 1978)","Miss Marilyn Waring, New Zealand's youngest member of Parliament at 24, has taken the initiative to advocate for her country while in London. Representing Raglan, she has launched her own ""Safeguard New Zealand"" campaign by engaging with British members of Parliament. Waring arrived in London on 17 March 1978 and has already met with 12 British MPs by Thursday evening, with plans to meet more before embarking on a European tour. This tour, which starts on 2 April 1978, will include visits to cities like Dublin, The Hague, Copenhagen, Brussels, Luxembourg, and Paris. Waring is part of a delegation that includes four other New Zealand MPs: Mr K. M. Comber, Mr H. N. Austin, Dr A. M. Finlay, and Mr B. P. MacDonell. Waring noted that many British MPs were surprised to learn that New Zealand is actively fighting for its survival, as they still hold a dated perception of the country from the 1960s. Dr Finlay, another member of the delegation, expressed concern over the the New Zealand Government's decision to send Deputy Prime Minister Mr Taihape to Europe for discussions regarding sheepmeat regulations, suggesting it may have been a panicked response. He cautioned against repeatedly reminding others of issues they are already aware of, implying that such actions could dilute their effectiveness. Overall, Waring’s proactive approach and the parliamentary visits aim to reshape perceptions about New Zealand and bolster its international standing during a time of economic challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780327_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780327.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,259761600
7302,27,03,1978,"Values Pick For Central (Press, 27 March 1978)","The Christchurch Central branch of the Values Party has officially nominated Mr Robin Duff as its candidate for the upcoming General Elections. Mr Duff, a secondary school teacher, is recognised for his extensive experience in public affairs and voluntary social work. Notably, he served on the national executive of the Race Relations Council in 1973 and held the position of president of the Universities Student Association. Mr Duff is known for his commitment to various social issues, particularly women's rights, and has actively supported both male and female prisoners, as well as homosexual individuals and diverse ethnic groups. Furthermore, he is currently serving as the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, demonstrating his dedication to advancing equal rights for all. His candidacy reflects the Values Party's focus on inclusive social policies and community engagement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780327_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780327.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,259761600
4808,28,03,1978,"Ulster Homosexuals To Take U.k. Govt To Court Of... (Press, 28 March 1978)","A Belfast man, known only as ""Mr X,"" is set to take the British Government to the European Court of Human Rights, claiming discrimination against homosexuals in Northern Ireland. This case has emerged after a year-long deliberation, with the European court deciding that there is a legitimate matter to address, leading to a hearing scheduled for later in 1978 in Strasbourg. Mr X, associated with the Northern Ireland Gay Rights Association, argues that while homosexual acts are legal in the rest of the United Kingdom, consenting adults in Northern Ireland can face life imprisonment for the same acts. The gay rights group believes the situation is so unjust that it anticipates the British Government will quickly enact legislation to align Northern Ireland's laws on homosexuality with those of the rest of Britain. However, this move faces strong opposition from both Roman Catholic and Protestant leaders in Northern Ireland. Notably, the Rev. Ian Paisley, a prominent Protestant figure, has spearheaded a petition titled “save Ulster from sodomy,” which has garnered over 20,000 signatures and is intended for the British Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Mr Roy Mason. The Northern Ireland Gay Rights Association is optimistic that a ruling in their favour from the European court could compel the British Government to establish a charter that protects the rights of homosexuals, akin to similar legislation in the United States, which prohibits discrimination against them in employment and housing. Beyond the issues of homosexuality, Northern Ireland’s laws are reportedly out of sync with those in the rest of the United Kingdom in several domains. While facing resistance from the Roman Catholic Church, the British authorities are concurrently looking to expedite divorce processes and are contemplating legalising abortion. They have already amended rape laws to be consistent with those in Britain. The British Government has also demonstrated a willingness to trial new legislation in Northern Ireland, which may eventually be implemented across the United Kingdom. Current laws permit the government to recover public debts, such as unpaid rents and utility bills, through deductions from social service benefits and wages. Additionally, commencing July 1978, motorists will be required to wear seat belts in Northern Ireland, facing penalties for non-compliance, as part of a government experiment aimed at assessing road safety measures. The case initiated by Mr X has been acknowledged by the Northern Ireland Gay Rights Association, who received notification of the hearing acceptance from the Human Rights Commission in Strasbourg, further underscoring the significance of this legal challenge and its implications for the future of gay rights in the region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780328_2_66_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780328.2.66.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,259848000
7303,29,03,1978,"Gay Rights To Wage Campaign (Press, 29 March 1978)","On 29 March 1978, the National Gay Rights Coalition held its annual meeting in Wellington, where they outlined the focus of their campaign for the year: promoting the importance of human rights as a cost-free issue. The coalition's coordinator, Mr R. Duff, emphasised that while political parties might highlight the state of the economy during the election, the coalition's goal was to raise awareness about the fundamental lack of human rights for homosexuals in New Zealand. Mr Duff argued that the implementation of gay rights legislation would not only be morally beneficial but could also result in financial savings for the country. He cited examples of costs incurred due to anti-gay prejudice, including hospital expenses for victims of violence, referred to as “queer bashing,” and unemployment benefits for those who lost their jobs due to their sexual orientation. The coalition's agenda includes raising public consciousness about the dire situation of homosexuals who lack basic human rights in society. They noted that past legislation concerning the Security Intelligence Service and abortion had been passed without regard for public sentiment or logical reasoning, indicating a lack of genuine political engagement with these issues. With membership growth from 1,200 in 1977 to 76,000, the coalition expressed their commitment to supporting other disadvantaged groups such as women, workers, and racial minorities, while also standing against organisations that maintain anti-gay policies. The coalition's efforts underscore the interrelation of various human rights struggles, framing their fight as part of a larger movement for equality and justice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780329_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780329.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,259934400
6623,04,04,1978,"Drugs, Sex At Doctor’s Home, Court Told (Press, 4 April 1978)","On 4 April 1978, a Christchurch Magistrate's Court heard shocking testimonies related to a 38-year-old doctor facing multiple charges, including drug offences and indecent assault. A 29-year-old woman, whose name was withheld, described the doctor's home as resembling a ""junkie’s dream,"" highlighting a chaotic environment rife with sex and drugs during her stay in January. The woman, identifying as a ""butch lesbian,"" stated that the doctor provided her and her female friend with free drugs in exchange for participating in sexual activities. The accused doctor has pleaded not guilty to 12 charges, which encompass various drug-related offences and an alleged indecent assault involving a woman under the influence of drugs. He admitted guilt to two charges of procuring controlled drugs. The charges include administering drugs to three women, possessing controlled substances such as Diazepam and Pentazocine, and allowing his home to be used for drug-related activities. The woman’s testimony detailed her initial introduction to the doctor through a friend during Christmas, after which he invited her and three other women to his home. Following a series of drug injections, she and her friend were offered a place to stay and further drugs, leading to a prolonged stay filled with drug use and sexual propositions. Witness accounts suggested a precarious situation where drugs were readily available, and the women became increasingly dependent on them, incapacitated by their intoxication. Another witness, a 22-year-old masseuse, recounted her involvement with the doctor, describing how he introduced her to drug usage and administered several injections, which left her disoriented. She further noted her lack of consent regarding her undressed state when she awoke the next morning, indicating a troubling pattern of behaviour from the doctor. The court proceedings featured suppressed details surrounding the alleged indecent assault, specifically relating to a woman who suspected she was pregnant. It is claimed that during a purported pregnancy test at his home, the doctor engaged in inappropriate physical conduct while the woman was under the influence of drugs he had provided. Defence counsel questioned the credibility of the testimonies, suggesting the possibility of confusion regarding the events due to intoxication. The testimonies of two ambulance drivers revealed their prior knowledge of the doctor, describing him as caring and compassionate, despite the troubling evidence presented. The court adjourned with expectations for the hearing to extend beyond two days, with over 30 prosecution witnesses to be heard, continuing to keep the doctor in custody as the case progresses.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780404_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780404.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,260452800
4809,04,04,1978,"Home and People (Press, 4 April 1978)","An article by Polly Toynbee from the “Guardian” published on 4 April 1978 raises significant questions about societal perceptions of lesbian mothers and their suitability as parents. Toynbee critiques the discrimination faced by lesbian mothers in custody battles, highlighting the arbitrary and often absurd conditions set by judges, such as prohibiting signs of affection between a couple while children are around, which reflect deep-seated prejudice rather than legitimate concerns for child welfare. The article discusses the harmful stereotypes that associate lesbians with hypersexuality and child molestation, which have no basis in reality, as there are no documented cases of lesbian child molestation. Toynbee points out that while male homosexuals can achieve mainstream acceptance, lesbians remain stigmatized and viewed through a lens of suspicion and negativity. Through the testimonies of several lesbian mothers, the piece illustrates the struggles they face in gaining custody or access to their children. One mother, Laura, describes how her lesbianism was used against her in court, resulting in a lengthy custody battle and fear of losing access to her children. Another mother, Wendy, shares her perspective on raising her son with the practical involvement of a male friend, stating that their family structure is functionally equivalent to other family types. Others, like Mary, have faced complete denial of access to their children, with judges expressing overt bias. The article highlights the inconsistency in court rulings and the lack of understanding from authority figures regarding lesbian parenting. Toynbee argues for a reevaluation of societal assumptions regarding parenthood, questioning what qualifies someone to be deemed a responsible parent and highlighting the arbitrary nature of such judgments. She challenges the notion that lesbians are any less qualified than heterosexual parents who may be ignorant or abusive. The ongoing prejudice faced by lesbian mothers persists even in legal contexts, as noted by barrister Judith Walker, who reports that victories in custody cases are rare due to entrenched biases in magistrates' courts and even amongst High Court judges. The article concludes with mentions of ongoing research into lesbian parenting being conducted at the Institute of Psychiatry, suggesting that the early findings indicate no harmful effects on children raised in lesbian households. This research aims to provide empirical evidence against the biases that penetrate custody decisions, reinforcing the idea that a loving, supportive environment is paramount in child-rearing, regardless of the parents' sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780404_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780404.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,260452800
6624,04,04,1978,"Polly Toynbee (Press, 4 April 1978)","An article from the London “Evening News” has sparked significant backlash regarding the issue of lesbian parenthood. The piece, written by reporters Joanna Patyna and Jane Butterworth, involved them infiltrating a lesbian group under the guise of a couple seeking to conceive through artificial insemination. They disclosed that a doctor in London had helped ten lesbian couples have children through this method. This revelation has instigated concern among the wider community and particularly among lesbian mothers, as it raises fears about the potential for their children to be taken away by the courts. The reaction has been particularly acute from certain Members of Parliament, including Rhodes Bovson and Jill Knight, who have been vocal in their opposition. Their comments and the sensational nature of the article have exacerbated the already challenging climate for lesbian parents, who face societal stigma and legal difficulties. The organisation Sappho, which represents lesbian interests, pointed out that the number of couples using artificial insemination is limited to just ten. Nonetheless, the heightened public scrutiny and sensationalist reporting pose a greater risk for other lesbian mothers, who now fear increased legal challenges to their custody. Attempts at legal recourse for lesbian mothers have had mixed results. The group Action for Lesbian Parents reported involvement in only two successful custody cases following the breakdown of marriages, both of which were exceptional circumstances. In one instance, the child strongly desired to remain with the mother, while in the other, the father lacked sufficient accommodation for the children. The prevailing trend, however, is that being a lesbian can severely jeopardise a woman’s chances of retaining custody of her children, with many losing all rights to access. This situation reflects the profound societal challenges that continue to confront lesbian parents, exacerbated by sensational media reporting and political rhetoric. The article's repercussions may deepen the isolation and fear felt by an already vulnerable segment of the population.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780404_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780404.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,260452800
4810,12,04,1978,"The Promotion Of Standards (Press, 12 April 1978)","On 9 April 1978, Hugh K. Gaw expressed his objection to H. G. Oram's assertion that those who do not adhere to the moral standards set by the Society for the Promotion of Christian Standards (S.P.C.S.) are deemed immoral. Gaw, identifying as both a Buddhist and a homosexual, contended that the belief in a unchangeable moral law is not universally accepted. He highlighted that throughout history, both Christian and non-Christian social laws have evolved, drawing a parallel with the shift in Sweden's driving rules from right-hand to left-hand traffic. Gaw further questioned the notion of a loving God who promotes discrimination and oppression, asserting that Christian morality represents only one of many ethical systems in existence today.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780412_2_138_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780412.2.138.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261144000
4811,14,04,1978,"The Moyle Report: What More Can There Be? (Press, 14 April 1978)","The Moyle report, released in April 1978, appears to echo the conclusions drawn by Sir Alfred North in his earlier summary of events surrounding a controversial incident involving Mr Moyle from December 1976. The report describes two distinct incidents: one occurring on June 17, 1975, in Harris Street, Wellington, and the statements made in the House of Representatives on November 4 and 5, 1976. The first incident involved Mr Moyle's encounter with a plain-clothes police officer, during which he allegedly invited the officer into his car and suggested they go to his home. The constable reported his concerns about Mr Moyle's location, recognising it as an area frequented by undesirable individuals. Sir Alfred ruled on several points, starting with the access to police files by government ministers. He concluded that the Police Act of 1958 and its amendments allowed the Police Commissioner to disclose matters of public importance, particularly when they pertain to the behaviour of government ministers. Sir Alfred confirmed that the Commissioner acted appropriately, stating that the rules were not breached regarding Mr Moyle. The police file was disclosed to the then Minister of Police, Mr Connelly, and Sir Alfred deemed this action proper as it was passed to the current Prime Minister, Mr Muldoon. Sir Alfred clarified that Mr Connelly was the only person to have seen the police file, and he accepted assurances from Mr W. E. Rowling that Mr Connelly did not share the file or correspondence about the incident with Mr Rowling. He also addressed statements made in Parliament about the police report concerning ""questions of homosexuality"", asserting that Mr Rowling was likely unaware of the report given to Mr Connelly. Mr Moyle had initially justified his behaviour by stating he was meeting men involved in homosexuality to prepare for a parliamentary debate. However, his later explanation diverged significantly from this, alleging ""security leaks"" and suggesting that his actions were unrelated to investigating homosexuality. Sir Alfred expressed that Mr Moyle's latter attempt to clarify his actions was likely motivated by a desire to defend himself against accusations of lying to Parliament. Furthermore, Sir Alfred noted that Mr Rowling suffered from an error of judgment by Mr Connelly, who mistakenly assumed the incident was resolved. He warned that situations like this could resurface unexpectedly. In concluding his report, Sir Alfred stated he would not adjudicate between the conflicting narratives regarding the incident but believed Mr Moyle's late alternative explanation for his conduct was imprudent and destined to fail. Despite the findings, he concluded that no legislative changes were necessary concerning the disclosure of such information.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780414_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780414.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261316800
4812,17,04,1978,"Some Light Shed, But Little New In Full Report (Press, 17 April 1978)","The article discusses the findings of Sir Alfred North regarding the Moyle affair, which culminated in the resignation of former Minister of Agriculture, Mr C. J. Moyle, from Parliament. It highlights the significance of publishing the full North report, which sheds light on how Sir Alfred reached his conclusions and the interactions of those involved. Key questions raised include whether there was a breach of confidentiality regarding the police file, inconsistencies in Mr Moyle's accounts, the ignorance of his colleagues, and the adequacy of Sir Alfred's investigation. Sir Alfred's investigation concluded that there was no breach of confidentiality concerning the police file on Mr Moyle. However, it became apparent that Mr Moyle had provided inconsistent statements regarding his actions to both police and Parliament. Sir Alfred examined the relationships among prominent figures involved, noting that Mr M. A. Connelly, the then Minister of Police, failed to inform Prime Minister Mr Rowling about critical details relating to an incident on 17 June 1975. During his questioning of Mr Connelly, Sir Alfred found that Connelly's responses became unhelpful, as he repeatedly denied having seen documents that could be classified as the police file. Senior police officials were exonerated from claims of breaching confidentiality; in contrast, Sir Alfred dismissed Mr Moyle's allegations against Deputy Commissioner of Police Mr R. J. Walton, which suggested a ""dirty tricks"" campaign aimed at undermining the Labour Government. While Mr Muldoon, the Prime Minister, denied having seen the police file, he acknowledged receiving details about the incident from a journalist shortly after it occurred. Sir Alfred's investigation did not continue to pursue the source of public rumours about Mr Moyle, despite substantial evidence confirming their truth. Throughout the report, Mr Moyle’s anxiety was evident, leading to further scrutiny of his inconsistent explanations for the discrepancies between his statements to the police and Parliament. Ultimately, Sir Alfred judged Mr Moyle based on these inconsistencies rather than his attempts to clarify his actions, concluding that the anxiety driving Moyle's response seemed primarily motivated by a fear of lying to his parliamentary colleagues. The article also briefly mentions allegations of a pro-National ""dirty tricks"" group prior to the 1975 General Election, though it notes that the initial incident leading to the Moyle affair was relatively trivial compared to its eventual notoriety. Overall, the Moyle affair serves as an illustration of communication failures within the Labour Government and the complexities surrounding accountability among public officials.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780417_2_2_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780417.2.2.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261576000
4813,17,04,1978,"The Moyle Report (Press, 17 April 1978)","A police meeting involving Mr Burnside, Mr Walton, and Mr Moyle revealed tensions surrounding a statement made by Mr Moyle in Parliament regarding his past interactions with police. The meeting commenced with Mr Burnside expressing astonishment at the developments following statements made by Mr Moyle and Prime Minister Mr Muldoon. The police informed Mr Moyle that they could not confirm his assertion of never having been ""picked up"" by the police, given the ambiguity surrounding the term and the potential for misinterpretation. Mr Moyle sought clarity on the confidentiality of the discussions and stated he intended to explain a discrepancy in his prior statement to Parliament, noting that he consulted with Mr Rowling on how to address the issue. This related to an alleged incident involving security leaks from the Labour Party’s strategy committee, which had heightened concerns following the 'Jayes affair'. Mr Moyle admitted to being naïve regarding the situation, revealing he was supposed to meet an unknown individual outside a library to receive information about these leaks. Throughout the meeting, Mr Burnside reiterated that his narrative differed from that documented by police, emphasising that there were many interpretations of the term ""picked up."" He highlighted that if police corroborated Mr Moyle's statement, it could create a misleading narrative. Mr Moyle contended that he was not truly ""picked up"" by the police as suggested, and he insisted that his previous accounts fit with the facts of the situation. As the conversation progressed, the Commissioner pointed out that Mr Moyle had provided inconsistent explanations over time, raising questions regarding the integrity of his statements. The Commissioner subsequently noted the importance of only a select few having access to the complete police file on the matter. Mr Burnside and Mr Moyle debated the implications of Mr Moyle’s earlier claims in the House versus the records held by the police. Mr Moyle expressed concern over the Prime Minister’s comments related to the incident and confirmed he had never seen the police file in question. He emphasised the importance of maintaining the integrity of police information, while also acknowledging the foolishness of his actions in trying to gather sensitive information. The discussion turned to various interpretations of Mr Moyle's actions, with Mr Burnside affirming the complexities involved in the terminology utilised. Mr Moyle ultimately reiterated his stance that he had not been ""picked up,"" and there was no further discussion about potential leaks involving other officers beyond the previously mentioned individuals. The meeting underscored the intricate relationship between political narratives, police practices, and the implications for those involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780417_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780417.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261576000
4814,17,04,1978,"The Moyle Report (Press, 17 April 1978)","On 17 April 1978, a political inquiry involving Mr Moyle and Deputy-Commissioner Mr Walton raised significant concerns regarding the circulation of sensitive information related to a past incident involving Mr Moyle. Mr Burnside stated that he preferred to stay out of the political realm and had never disclosed information to anyone, emphasizing the importance of public confidence. He noted regret over the current trends in political discourse. Mr Moyle expressed his regrets also, particularly regarding the impact of his statements in Parliament and his unawareness of whether Mr Walton was present during discussions. Mr Walton, in his testimony, affirmed that he had no ties with a certain officers' group and had never leaked information. He insisted his conversations with Mr Moyle were confidential. Mr Moyle's apprehension stemmed from remarks made by the Prime Minister, suggesting that he possessed a file related to Moyle’s incident. In response, Mr Burnside clarified that the Prime Minister had never held such a file and would seek legal advice on any intentions to table the information. Mr Burnside expressed astonishment at the charges made by Mr Moyle in relation to Mr Walton, stating that they seemed exaggerated and seemed intended to rationalise inaccuracies in Moyle's statements. He believed that the Prime Minister’s earlier comment concerning Moyle’s arrest for homosexual activities might have been the only public knowledge surrounding the incident. He described a situation where the details of the incident, which initially only a few police members were privy to, seemed to be circulating widely, contributing to a climate of gossip. This gossip potentially could have stemmed from several sources, including ministers discussing the matter among themselves, once they were briefed, and Mr Moyle himself possibly sharing his fears with colleagues. While responding to inquiries, Mr Rowling and Mr Connelly were also involved in questioning; Mr Rowling indicated that he had not discussed the intricacies of the police file with Mr Moyle, reflecting on the oddity of the lack of alarm over the situation despite knowing him for many years. Mr Connelly's recollection of a communication from the police suggested he was vague but later confirmed receiving a letter along with some attached documents regarding Mr Moyle's incident. However, he hesitated to classify this as a full ""police file."" Overall, the inquiry raised questions about the integrity of communications between government officials and the handling of sensitive information, suggesting that a lack of proper dialogue about the incident contributed to public speculation and concerns about how such information became known.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780417_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780417.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261576000
4816,17,04,1978,"The Moyle Report (Press, 17 April 1978)","On 17 April 1978, Mr Moyle faced scrutiny in Parliament regarding inconsistencies in his statements related to an encounter with a police constable. Sir Alfred questioned Mr Moyle about his previous claims of being involved in research into homosexual activities and the circumstances surrounding his meeting with a constable. Mr Moyle acknowledged that his earlier statement to Chief Superintendent Kelly was incorrect, stating that his parliamentary statement was meant to reflect the chronology of events during the encounter but did not mention any investigations into homosexuality. During this inquiry, Mr Moyle attempted to clarify his narrative, noting that he had initially spotted the constable while in a different area and had parked his car in a way that allowed him to observe the individual. Sir Alfred continued to press Mr Moyle on whether he invited the constable into his vehicle, to which Mr Moyle responded by indicating he assumed the constable was someone he was supposed to meet to discuss political matters. Mr Moyle confirmed that he had previously stated he was researching homosexual activities to Chief Superintendent Kelly; however, he expressed that he did not wish to divulge the true nature of his meeting at that time because it involved sensitive political implications. Sir Alfred seemed incredulous about Mr Moyle's reasoning, suggesting that Mr Moyle's explanation for being in the location ran counter to his later assertions. Throughout the questioning, Mr Moyle reiterated that he was under oath in Parliament and made it clear that he felt compelled to maintain a façade to avoid disclosing his investigation into political matters that he felt could jeopardise his party's interests. He reflected on the dilemma he faced in not revealing the full truth to the police, particularly given that a senior police officer was involved in the matter. Sir Alfred wrapped up this line of questioning by noting the extensive nature of the evidence and transcripts provided, which totalled over 90 pages. The interrogation showcased a complex and delicate situation involving political accountability, police conduct, and personal privacy, laying bare the tensions between Mr Moyle's public statements and private intentions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780417_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780417.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261576000
4054,17,04,1978,"The Moyle Report. (Press, 17 April 1978)","On 17 April 1978, the inquiry led by Sir Alfred North into the ""Moyle incident"" reviewed significant evidence regarding an event on the night of 17 June 1975, involving then-Cabinet Minister Colin Moyle. The investigation stemmed from an encounter between Mr Moyle and police constable Comer in a Wellington street, reported to feature suspicious interactions. Constable Comer, on plain-clothes duty, saw a car with its park lights on and approached it. Inside was Mr Moyle, who invited the constable into his vehicle. Initially, Mr Moyle claimed he was waiting for a friend, but when confronted with the constable's identity, he identified himself as a Member of Parliament. The constable documented the encounter, noting that the vehicle belonged to the New Zealand Post Office. The next day, Chief Superintendent B. Kelly recounted a conversation with Mr Moyle, revealing that the Minister was involved in research regarding a proposed homosexual bill and intended to meet an unidentified individual about this topic. This exchange raised concerns within the police about the implications of the meeting. It was noted that inviting an unknown individual into a vehicle at such an hour could be deemed indiscreet and could lead to misinterpretations. The inquiry report summarised various police testimonies, and particularly addressed Deputy-Commissioner R. J. Walton's meetings with Mr Moyle. Walton explained that an official investigation revealed no criminal activity but acknowledged that the incident's circumstances could cast suspicion. Although no offence was apparent, he counselled Mr Moyle on the potential public perception of the event. During his discussion with the Deputy-Commissioner, Mr Moyle provided information about his motivations for the meeting, which were related to his work on the forthcoming legislation. He expressed concerns over the confidentiality of his interactions with homosexuals, admitting he had arranged the meeting without knowing the participant’s identity. The file detailing the incident was retained privately, ensuring no information was entered into official records due to the lack of any established offence. Although Mr Moyle's actions were not criminal, there were considerable reservations about the appropriateness of a Cabinet Minister engaging in such behaviour, especially given the public’s views of similar situations. Following the inquiry, Mr Moyle sought confirmation from the police regarding his lack of any previous legal troubles, which prompted further discussions with police officials about the incident. The inquiry revealed how police and governmental procedures interacted with sensitive issues, particularly around homosexuality and public officials, and highlighted the complexities of discretion in matters involving public figures. The situation, while resolved without any charges or formal actions, underscored the potential ramifications for Mr Moyle's political career and the perceptions surrounding government officials' conduct.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780417_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780417.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261576000
4815,17,04,1978,"The Moyle Report. (Press, 17 April 1978)","In a recent interview, Mr Connelly reiterated his shock regarding not having received the police file related to a significant incident, stating he had not thought of it in such terms. Sir Alfred subsequently asked Mr Rowling if he had anything to add, to which Mr Rowling responded that he never saw the letter or its attachments and did not concern himself with the incident at hand due to his long acquaintance with Mr Moyle. Reflection on the matter led him to conclude that perhaps had he been informed more promptly, history might have unfolded differently. After a day’s break, Sir Alfred continued to question other key figures: Mr Muldoon and Mr McCready, both of whom confirmed they had not seen the police file at any stage. Sir Alfred informed them that Mr Connelly had indeed accessed the file, although he could not divulge its details. Mr Muldoon explained that he had received the information from a press gallery source familiar with police matters shortly after the event occurred. The information implied that a policeman had been invited by Mr Moyle for questionable activities, and it circulated widely among the press and within Parliament, albeit with varying details. Mr Muldoon indicated that while he often received informal tips that blended fact with speculation, he believed this particular detail was credible enough to have reached the attention of the Minister of Police and the Prime Minister. He clarified that his only official information regarding the incident was a follow-up on the statement made by Mr Moyle in the House, which was ultimately deemed inaccurate. Sir Alfred then sought to establish whether any official knowledge regarding Mr Moyle's conduct had reached Mr Muldoon at any point, to which Mr Muldoon affirmed he had received no such information. He maintained that the only formal communication he had regarding the incident was to clarify the accuracy of Mr Moyle’s statements. In the latter part of the inquiry, Sir Alfred also solicited Mr Moyle’s testimony, asserting that he had reviewed all relevant police files and spoken to the officers involved. He pressed Mr Moyle on whether he still maintained that he had not altered his statement in Parliament. Mr Moyle insisted that his statement, viewed as made under oath, was consistent and that he had only issued a small confirmatory update, asserting that it aligned with the police files. This inquiry reveals the complex dynamics involving information dissemination, official statements, and the impact of personal histories in the realm of politics, as illustrated through the testimonies of various key figures surrounding the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780417_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780417.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261576000
4817,17,04,1978,"The Press Monday, April 17, 1978. Last Chapter In... (Press, 17 April 1978)","The news article published on 17 April 1978 discusses the final developments in what has been termed the ""Moyle Affair,"" centring around Sir Alfred North's inquiry into the conduct of police regarding a confidential file related to Colin Moyle, at the time the Minister of Agriculture. Sir Alfred North expressed discontent over perceived challenges to his competency in managing this inquiry, which aimed to examine the circumstances surrounding gossip about an incident involving Moyle and a police constable. The press published excerpts from Sir Alfred’s findings to allow readers to independently assess the adequacy of the inquiry. Although the specific conclusions from the inquiry were not reprinted, it was suggested that any reasonable reader would find the conclusions closely tied to the questions posed to Sir Alfred. The inquiry was primarily concerned with the police's handling of the confidential file, the access to it by politicians, and discrepancies between Moyle's statements and the information recorded in the file. The article highlights that very early after the incident, information began circulating, supposedly originating from police circles. However, Sir Alfred concluded that only senior officers had access to the file's contents. He did not find sufficient evidence linking the proliferation of gossip directly back to the file. Instead, many rumours appeared disconnected from the file itself. There were questions raised as to why Sir Alfred did not further investigate potential connections to politically sensitive figures, such as Mr Muldoon, the Leader of the Opposition at the time, who had been implicated in the gossip. Critics questioned whether pursuing such leads would have yielded valuable insights, especially given the passage of time since the incident. Sir Alfred opted to focus strictly on the terms of reference given to him, which many believe was a prudent course of action. The article also notes that Mr Moyle's actions to provoke the release of the report were seen as ill-advised, especially after he had managed to secure a new candidacy in Parliament. In the context of the affair, it was noted that Moyle was not found to have engaged in any criminal activity, and no charges were filed against him, thereby clearing his name. The speculation surrounding the implications of the incident lingered, despite the inquiry's findings not substantiating any accusations regarding Moyle's private life. Ultimately, the publication of the report served to address questions about Sir Alfred’s competence and the legitimacy of the inquiry's focus, aiming to clarify the situation and remove some of the political ""stench"" surrounding the affair. While the article acknowledged that some aspects of the political landscape could benefit from greater discretion, it stressed the importance of maintaining integrity within politics to prevent similar situations from recurring.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780417_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780417.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261576000
4055,18,04,1978,"Gays Sad About Glad Song Ban (Press, 18 April 1978)","The Wellington Gay Liberation Movement has expressed outrage over Radio New Zealand's decision to ban the British record ""Sing if You're Glad to be Gay,"" labelling it as “blatant and unjustifiable discrimination” against homosexuals. A spokesperson for the movement, known only as Mr Hunt, pointed out that the song, which is currently featured in the British “Top Twenty” charts, offers significant political and social commentary regarding the oppression of homosexuals in Britain. Mr Hunt highlighted that homosexuals in New Zealand also endure similar forms of discrimination and harassment, drawing attention to what he described as the “unenlightened attitude of legislators” concerning the fundamental human rights of all New Zealanders. Mr Hunt further reported that Beverley Wakem, who heads the programmes for Radio New Zealand, informed the Gay Liberation Movement that the ban was due to the song's violation of the Broadcasting Corporation’s programme rules and existing radio regulations. This decision from the broadcasting authority has sparked a conversation about the rights of homosexuals and the extent of censorship within New Zealand’s media landscape. The controversy surrounding the ban underscores the ongoing struggles faced by the LGBTQ+ community in the country, particularly in light of the broader societal attitudes and legal frameworks pertaining to sexual orientation and rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780418_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780418.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261662400
4818,18,04,1978,"Sir Alfred Might Give More Details Of Moyle... (Press, 18 April 1978)","The ongoing discussion regarding the release of the full transcript from the Moyle inquiry, led by Sir Alfred North, is a focus of attention as Attorney-General Mr Wilkinson is set to have further talks with Sir Alfred. This comes after Prime Minister Mr Muldoon was questioned by journalists at a news conference on 17 April 1978, where he stated that the decision lies with the Solicitor-General Mr R. C. Savage, Q.C. At a subsequent press conference, Mr Muldoon reiterated that the matter of transcript release is not his purview, but rather Sir Alfred's. Sir Alfred's report, which is 43 pages long, notes that a competent Hansard reporter attended the hearings and provided a 92-page transcript of the testimony. Additionally, written evidence was submitted by the Commissioner of Police Mr K. B. Burnside and Deputy Commissioner Mr R. J. Walton that outlined events related to the former Labour Minister, Mr C. J. Moyle. However, crucial pieces of evidence, including Mr Muldoon's responses and the questions posed to him, were not included in the published report, raising concerns among the press about whether Sir Alfred sufficiently probed Mr Muldoon and others regarding the source of information related to Mr Moyle. Mr Muldoon had informed Sir Alfred during the inquiry that he learned about a specific incident involving Mr Moyle from a long-time friend in the press gallery, who had acquired details from a police contact. Despite the significance of identifying this informant, Sir Alfred's report does not confirm whether he sought the name of the journalist. When pressed for the name at a news conference, Mr Muldoon declined, citing obvious reasons for his refusal. The inquiry has not only left questions about the release of the full testimony but also about Mr Muldoon's statements in Parliament concerning accusations against Mr Moyle regarding alleged homosexual activities. After Mr Moyle denied the allegations and deemed them “absolutely untrue,” Mr Muldoon claimed he was prepared to present evidence supporting his statement, which he asserted was in police custody. When questioned about his evidence's documentation, Mr Muldoon maintained that the valid evidence existed, yet he did not provide further clarification on obtaining it for public release. Finally, despite suggestions for transparency, Mr Muldoon indicated that decisions regarding the publication of Sir Alfred's report were his own and not discussed with his Cabinet. He suggested that Sir Alfred advised publication to dispel any doubts regarding his mental fitness during the inquiry. The political milieu surrounding the inquiry remains fraught with tension as journalists and politicians continue to grapple with the implications of the findings. Mr Muldoon eventually curtailed questions on the matter, signalling a desire to move past the controversy surrounding the Moyle affair.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780418_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780418.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261662400
7076,20,04,1978,"Here Comes Summer (Press, 20 April 1978)","On 20 April 1978, a review was published highlighting several notable music albums of the time, showcasing the evolution of disco and the emergence of distinctive artists. The spotlight shone on Donna Summer's double-album ""Once Upon A Time,"" which is framed as a modern retelling of the Cinderella fairy tale. The album, produced by Giorgio Moroder and Pete Bellote in Munich, West Germany, defies expectations by blending disco, soul, and elements of space rock, creating a unique soundscape. The review praises Summer’s artistic identity, noting the inclusion of non-disco tracks like ""A Man Like You"" and ""Sweet Romance,"" which display her versatility. The album captures a grown-up fairy tale essence while maintaining a strong sexual element, marking it as a technical peak in disco. Kate Bush's debut album ""The Kick Inside"" garnered attention for its originality, exemplified by the hit single ""Wuthering Heights."" The 19-year-old artist's high-pitched vocals present a challenge for categorisation, as the album encapsulates various musical styles. Bush’s concern for her music as an artistic expression shines through, particularly in tracks like ""The Saxophone Man"" and ""The Man With The Child In His Eyes,"" which were recorded with Pink Floyd’s Dave Gilmour. The album features distinctive lyrical content, and while Bush's romanticism dominates, she occasionally touches on erotic themes. Grace Jones made waves in the New York disco scene with her album ""Portfolio."" Originally a model, she gained fame as a singer following the release of ""I Need A Man,"" which became a staple in chic beach resorts and within the gay disco community. Her extravagant persona is described in detail, highlighting her dynamic stage presence. The album contains notable tracks including a disco rendition of Edith Piaf's ""La Vie En Rose"" and ""Send In The Clowns."" The review commends the album as one of the better disco records of the time, praising the collaboration with the Sweethearts of Sigma, which adds depth to the music. Overall, the review reflects the diverse and evolving landscape of music in 1978, showcasing artists who push the boundaries of genres and establish their unique narratives within their work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780420_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780420.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,261835200
4819,24,04,1978,"Political Message “to Be Heard"" (Press, 24 April 1978)","A letter to the editor published on 24 April 1978 expresses a strong critique of what the writer perceives as the promotion of homosexual propaganda in New Zealand media, particularly referencing a song titled ""glad to be gay."" The author, Varian J. Wilson, argues that Radio New Zealand and television should take measures to limit the exposure of such content, which he believes is predominantly supported by a vocal minority. In his letter, Wilson shares his personal experiences during years of working night shifts on the railways, as well as his time spent in cheap hotels and interactions with military police while serving in the R.A.F. in South Africa. He notes that during this time, homosexuality was legal, and he observed homosexuals soliciting openly on the streets. These experiences, combined with his background as a psychologist working in mental hospitals in New Zealand, have led him to the conclusion that individuals who identify as homosexual are either ""criminal or sick."" Wilson dismisses the notion of a benign, happy homosexual relationship as nothing more than a “mythological creature,” asserting that it does not reflect reality. He cites the documentary ""Johnny Go Home,"" which exposed the exploitation of young boys in Britain, as an example of how these issues are often minimised or ignored in media discussions. He expresses frustration that follow-up conversations surrounding such serious matters are often stifled. Overall, the letter reflects a strong opposition to the acceptance and visibility of homosexuality in the media, based on the author's personal observations and societal beliefs from his experiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780424_2_90_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780424.2.90.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262180800
4820,26,04,1978,"Radio Ban Seen As Govt Control (Press, 26 April 1978)","On 26 April 1978, concerns regarding government influence over public broadcasting were underscored by comments from Mr R. S. Duff, the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition in Christchurch. His remarks came in response to Radio New Zealand's decision to refrain from broadcasting the song ""Glad to be Gay"" by the Tom Robinson Band. Mr Duff expressed that the public's fears about governmental control were justified, highlighting the implications of the decision on freedom of expression. Mr Duff pointed out that while it was not illegal to be gay in New Zealand, the laws still criminalised male homosexual acts, indicating a need for greater acceptance and sensitivity towards homosexual rights. He characterised the song as a protest against ""antihomosexuality,"" rather than an endorsement of homosexuality itself. This distinction was essential, as it underscored the need for media outlets to represent and acknowledge the struggles faced by the gay community in New Zealand. Additionally, Mr Duff noted that while Radio New Zealand had supported President Carter's human rights initiatives, it seemed to overlook his sentiments regarding the treatment of homosexuals. President Carter had previously asserted that society should not use its laws to oppress or harass individuals based on their sexual orientation. In light of the controversy, gay advocacy groups across New Zealand appealed to the National Gay Rights Coalition to persuade Radio New Zealand to revisit its decision. The coalition represented a significant number of individuals, with 76,000 affiliated members, indicating strong public support for the cause. Mr Duff's comments spotlighted the ongoing struggle for gay rights and the importance of media representation in shaping societal attitudes toward homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780426_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780426.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262353600
7787,27,04,1978,"Hard Work For N.z. – M.p. (Press, 27 April 1978)","Marilyn Waring, New Zealand's youngest member of Parliament, has recently returned from a two-week tour of Europe and shared her insights regarding the country's export prospects. She believes that New Zealand can maintain its current levels of lamb exports to Europe, but emphasises the need for diligent efforts. However, Waring expresses concerns regarding the future of New Zealand's dairy products, specifically highlighting uncertainties surrounding butter and cheese markets. As part of a New Zealand Parliamentary delegation, Waring visited several cities, including Dublin, The Hague, Copenhagen, Brussels, Luxemburg, and Paris, engaging in discussions with various Parliamentarians and officials. In her reflections, she noted a notable rise in consumer advocacy, particularly in countries like Britain, Denmark, and Ireland. Waring pointed out that there is now an organised consumer lobby in Brussels, which has begun to make its voice heard within the European Parliament. She specifically mentioned the impact of consumer protests in Ireland, where New Zealand lamb exports to France have resulted in increased prices, illustrating the growing influence of consumer sentiment on the market. Waring believes that these consumer movements could benefit New Zealand’s trade efforts. She noted that one of the most effective strategies employed by New Zealand has been to invite European politicians and journalists to visit the country. Through these visits, Waring observed an improvement in the understanding of New Zealand and its agricultural position, with returning visitors expressing their previously held misconceptions about the country had been changed upon experiencing it firsthand. Furthermore, Waring commended the involvement of New Zealand's embassies in Europe, stating they are actively working to keep key figures informed about New Zealand's trade issues. Overall, she returned from her travels with a sense that while challenges remain, especially for dairy products, there are significant opportunities to strengthen lamb export relations if concerted efforts continue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780427_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780427.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262440000
4056,27,04,1978,"Liquor Sold On Unlicensed Premises (Press, 27 April 1978)","On 27 April 1978, Laurella Carolyn Stevenson, a 26-year-old housewife, and Gavin Edgar William Kinsman, a 49-year-old labourer, were each fined $100 after being found guilty of unlawfully using the Windsor Club for liquor consumption while being involved in its management. They were also convicted and discharged on charges of keeping liquor for sale without proper authorisation. Both defendants had initially pleaded not guilty to the charges. The case arose after Constable A. F. Newman entered the Windsor Club, located at 362 Barbadoes Street, at 1 a.m. on 10 December 1977, while in plain clothes. Upon arrival, Stevenson welcomed her and pointed her to the bar, offering assistance on the purchasing system in place. Stevenson explained that patrons could buy a blue card for $4 that entitled them to nine nips of spirits. During this conversation, other police officers arrived, and Sergeant R. S. Brickman later testified that he seized a significant amount of liquor from the premises, valued at $400. The club had allegedly been formed to cater to a specific group of people in an effort to keep them ""off the streets."" According to testimony from Sergeant K. T. Boyle, who had been monitoring the establishment since the previous November, there were frequent visitors between late morning and early morning hours, particularly on weekends. Stevenson claimed that no monetary exchanges occurred in relation to liquor purchases, as members signed a visitors’ book and used card segments to obtain drinks. During the trial, the defence counsel contended that the prosecution failed to prove that the defendants were not authorised to sell liquor or that the premises were unlicensed. However, Senior-Sergeant R. A. Cook argued that the burden of proof lay with the defendants, who needed to disprove the charges against them. Magistrate K. W. Frampton expressed his satisfaction that the club was indeed being operated for liquor consumption and that both Stevenson and Kinsman played a significant role in its management. He noted that if the defendants had been authorised to sell liquor and the Windsor Club had been licensed, Stevenson would have likely informed Sergeant Boyle of this during his visit. Ultimately, the Magistrate found both defendants guilty on all counts but took into account their personal circumstances and the fact that the club had since closed. They were each fined $100 and ordered to forfeit the confiscated liquor.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780427_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780427.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262440000
4821,27,04,1978,"Voters Reject Law On Homosexual Rights (Press, 27 April 1978)","On 27 April 1978, voters in St Paul, Minnesota, decisively repealed a homosexual-rights law, marking a significant moment in the ongoing national debate over such legislation. The repeal follows the precedent set by Dade County, Florida, which had also discarded its homosexual-rights ordinance the previous June. According to unofficial returns from 130 out of 161 precincts, the vote resulted in 43,160 in favour of repealing the law, while 21,837 voted to keep it. The repeal campaign was led by individuals like the Rev. Richard Angwin, pastor of the Temple Baptist Church, who expressed gratitude for the outcome, stating, ""For this we thank God."" In contrast, Jean O’Leary and Bruce Voeller, co-executive directors of the National Gay Task Force, responded with outrage, condemning the decision as a denial of civil rights to American citizens and attributing the result to a ""majority of misinformed voters."" The outcome in St Paul reflects a broader societal divide regarding gay rights and the ongoing struggle for equality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780427_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780427.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262440000
4822,28,04,1978,"Political Message “to Be Heard” (Press, 28 April 1978)","A letter to the editor, written by Ken McAllister on 24 April 1978, addresses comments made by Varian J. Wilson regarding homosexuality. McAllister, who possesses some psychiatric nursing training, expresses concern over the language used by Wilson, which includes phrases like ""propaganda,"" ""noisy minority,"" and ""gentle homosexual a mythological creature."" McAllister finds these terms familiar yet troubling and believes that they do not contribute to a clear understanding of homosexuality. He wishes well for the Gay Liberation Front (G.L.F.) and suggests that those not informed about current medical, legal, and social perspectives on sexual orientation should expand their reading. Through his letter, he highlights the need for more informed and compassionate discussions surrounding the topic of homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780428_2_104_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780428.2.104.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262526400
4057,01,05,1978,"Political Message “to Be Heard” (Press, 1 May 1978)","On 1 May 1978, a series of letters to the editor highlighted the ongoing societal debates regarding homosexuality and civil rights, particularly in relation to music media and legislative changes. Martin Oelderink from the Gay Liberation Front in Christchurch responded to Varian J. Wilson's objections to the Tom Robinson Band’s song “Sing if you’re glad to be gay.” Oelderink argued that the song represents the struggles and oppression faced by gay individuals, contesting Wilson's characterisation of it as ""homosexual propaganda."" He suggested that listeners should have the freedom to choose their music and switch stations rather than have Radio New Zealand dictate taste. In another letter, L.E. Reid noted the repeal of a homosexual-rights law in St. Paul, Minnesota, which had been in effect for four years. The vote saw a significant majority in favour of repeal, with over 43,000 votes against the law compared to just under 22,000 in support. Reid reported that the Pastor of the Temple Baptist, a key figure in the repeal movement, expressed gratitude for the result, while leaders from the National Gay Task Force condemned the vote as a denial of civil rights for homosexuals. Wilson later wrote another letter conceding that he does not oppose consensual homosexual acts conducted in private but expressed concerns over the broader implications of gay liberation movements. He questioned the validity of statistical claims regarding the prevalence of homosexual activity in society, suggesting that such figures stem from biased surveys. Wilson maintained that public discourse on sexuality should not lead to legal or societal acceptance of what he deemed harmful practices, emphasising a distinction between consensual acts and more controversial issues such as child molestation. The exchange reflects the contentious nature of discussions surrounding gay rights in the late 1970s, highlighting significant social divisions and differing opinions on personal freedoms and societal norms. The correspondence concluded without further letters being accepted by the editor, indicating a desire to close the discussion on this heated topic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780501_2_132_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780501.2.132.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262785600
4823,02,05,1978,"Tens Of Thousands In London Rally Against Fascism,... (Press, 2 May 1978)","On 2 May 1978, more than 50,000 young people participated in a significant protest in London against Fascism and racism, marking it as one of the largest political demonstrations in Britain in two decades. Organised by the Anti-Nazi League, the event, dubbed the “Fun against Fascism” carnival march and pop festival, combined a political protest with live music to engage a younger audience. The gathering focused primarily on opposing the National Front, a right-wing political party known for its racist agenda and intent to expel the country’s two million-strong coloured community. While the National Front claimed to acknowledge their racist views, they denied accusations of being fascist and had managed to secure around five per cent of votes in local elections without ever winning a seat in the House of Commons. Miriam Karlin, a Jewish television star and leader of the Anti-Nazi League, delivered a powerful message to the crowd in Trafalgar Square, calling for unity and resilience against Nazi ideologies. She emphasised the importance of demonstrating courage to fight back against racism, invoking the haunting memories of the Holocaust to underline the stakes involved in their advocacy. The march featured an array of entertainment, including performances from punk bands like the Clash and the Tom Robinson Band, the latter being fronted by a homosexual artist who used his platform for liberal causes. The visual aspect of the protest was marked by many participants sporting “punk” attire, reflecting a culture characterised by its anti-authoritarian stance and roots in disenfranchised urban youth. The police estimated the crowd size at around 20,000 in Trafalgar Square alone, with many more arriving late; however, the Anti-Nazi League claimed a total turnout of approximately 60,000 when accounting for those attending the music festival. Multiple special trains and hired coaches facilitated the transportation of supporters, showcasing the movement's broad appeal and significance. The event not only highlighted the opposition to the National Front’s agenda but also aimed to foster a collective identity against racism and promote social cohesion among diverse communities. Through music and protest, the Anti-Nazi League strived for a united stand against extremist ideologies in British society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780502_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780502.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,262872000
4824,05,05,1978,"National Front Marches (Press, 5 May 1978)","A letter to the editor published on 5 May 1978, from B. B. Thompson, the Deputy chairman of the New Zealand National Front, addresses the contrasting treatment of political demonstrations in the United Kingdom. Thompson points out that while marches organised by the National Front have been prohibited by the Labour Government, the anti-Nazi League's recent march against the National Front was permitted. He characterises the anti-Nazi League's demonstration as a chaotic gathering, featuring a diverse group that included punk rockers, members of the West Indian community, and various left-wing individuals expressing their opposition to the National Front. Thompson notes that the lack of incidents during the anti-Nazi League's march indicates that the National Front does not engage in physical confrontations with its opponents. In contrast, he claims that the extreme Left has openly advocated for violence as a means to dismantle the National Front. He references his personal experiences during a past march in Lewisham, London, to underscore the perceived threats posed by the extreme Left. Thompson concludes by asserting that the true danger to democracy resides not with the National Front, but with the political Left's inclination towards violence. The letter reflects Thompson's perspective on the landscape of political protests and the dynamics between opposing factions within New Zealand and the UK during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780505_2_132_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780505.2.132.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,263131200
4825,26,05,1978,"Youth Had ‘disease’ For Taking Cars, Court... (Press, 26 May 1978)","In the Magistrate's Court on 25 May 1978, Hano Parakau Blake Green, a 17-year-old unemployed youth, pleaded guilty to stealing three cars and unlawfully taking three others in February at Titahi Bay and Porirua. The magistrate, Mr F. G. Paterson, remarked that Green appeared to have a “disease” regarding the act of taking vehicles. Detective Sergeant J. J. Chadderton reported that the stolen vehicles were subjected to attempts to siphon petrol and had items removed from them before being pushed over a cliff, resulting in all three cars being deemed write-offs. Green and an associate sold the stolen items, and compensation of $336 was sought in the case. His counsel, Mr M. J. Glue, informed the court that Green was currently undergoing detention centre training following a previous sentencing on 14 April for several vehicle-related charges. Green, who was due for release on 26 June, received a suspended sentence of 12 months on each new charge, with the magistrate stating, “an eye will be kept on you.” Another case involved a 22-year-old housewife, whose name was suppressed, facing 14 charges of theft for stealing clothing valued at $1,376. She was remanded on bail until 1 June for a probation report and sentencing. According to Detective Sergeant Chadderton, she had been seen acting suspiciously in a shop and later confessed to stealing items mainly for her family over two years due to her husband’s prolonged unemployment. In Christchurch, a 26-year-old unemployed man, James Paul Collins, was remanded until 22 June for depositions related to the alleged theft of 60 records worth $120 on 12 May. Phillip Michael Charles, another 17-year-old, admitted to six charges of false pretence, one of theft, and one of attempted burglary, for which he was sentenced to Borstal. He had presented stolen cheques in various shops, fraudulently obtaining cash and groceries worth $483. Though he had a record of dishonesty, the magistrate highlighted the alarming frequency of Charles' reoffending after a prior detention. A charge of frequenting a park with felonious intent was dismissed by Mr N. L. Bradford, S.M. The case involved a man who approached an undercover policeman in Beverley Park. The magistrate ruled that the prosecution failed to demonstrate the defendant was a suspect and that there was insufficient evidence to establish that he had visited the park repeatedly with felonious intent. The policeman admitted to having concerns about public behaviour but noted that others had not been charged after agreeing not to return. Lastly, David Wayne Marshall, a 21-year-old who stole $60 from co-workers at the N.Z.E.D. camp at Hanmer Springs, was convicted and fined $100, in addition to repaying $39 in witness expenses and contributing $60 to a workers' social fund. The magistrate opted for a financial punishment rather than imprisonment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780526_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780526.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,264945600
4826,09,06,1978,"Reporters Diary (Press, 9 June 1978)","In the Magistrate's Court, counsel Mrs D. Orchard urged for leniency in the case of a man convicted of driving under the influence, citing concerns that he may struggle with another driving test under the new metric system. The presiding magistrate, Mr F. G. Paterson, decided on a fine of $200 and disqualified the man from driving for 11 months, emphasising that had the disqualification extended beyond 12 months, the man would have needed to take the driving test again. In political news, Prime Minister Robert Muldoon will be among the few New Zealanders facing a tax increase due to the new budget. His salary of $36,204 will result in an additional tax burden of approximately $200 annually. Both he and his deputy, Mr Taiboys, whose salary is $27,976, will experience this increase while other members of Parliament, earning $14,810, will see tax cuts between $6 and $7 weekly. On a more light-hearted note, the Lyttelton Road Tunnel Authority unveiled a blue “no pedestrians” sign, which vanished shortly after installation. In an amusing moment, a police officer speaking to primary school children was quizzed by a five-year-old who commented on a seat-belt issue he observed with an officer. The policeman responded that he would have acted against the officer for such behaviour. Reverend David Steedman, former minister of St Andrew’s Presbyterian Church, had a unique method of answering phone calls by linking numbers to hymn titles, showcasing the playful side of clergy. Carrie Fisher, known for her role as Princess Leia in “Star Wars,” is also remembered for her earlier performance as a baby in “Bundle of Joy,” starring her famous parents Debbie Reynolds and Eddie Fisher. In contrast to “Star Wars,” which has been successful for weeks, “Bundle of Joy” lasted only four weeks. The eccentric Quentin Crisp plans a tour of Australia with his one-man show “A Wine and Crisp Evening,” expressing some concern over how his performance might be received there, and revealing his reluctance to travel. John Hurt, who portrayed Crisp in “The Naked Civil Servant,” recently faced a setback when his work permit for South Africa was refused without explanation, leading to a substantial financial loss due to his inability to take part in the film “Zulu Dawn.” Hurt expressed confusion over the refusal, stating he has no criminal record or any association with leftist politics. Lastly, a fifteen-year-old girl trying to pass for older to see “Saturday Night Fever” made a blunder by asking for a half-price ticket, exposing her actual age.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780609_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780609.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,266155200
4827,20,06,1978,"Man Confesses: Ripper Story Was A Hoax (Press, 20 June 1978)","Joseph Sickert, whose claims formed the basis of the theory presented in Stephen Knight's book ""Jack the Ripper — the Final Solution,"" has confessed that his narrative regarding the infamous Ripper murders of 1888 was fabricated. Sickert, speaking to the ""Sunday Times,"" declared, “It was a hoax. I made it all up,” contradicting the theory that suggested the murders were orchestrated by high-ranking government officials to conceal a royal scandal. Knight spent two years investigating Sickert’s assertions, believing them to be credible. His book achieved considerable commercial success, selling thousands of copies in hardback and recently being released in paperback. Sickert's newfound admission poses a challenge for Knight and his publisher, Harrap. Initially, Sickert had communicated to Knight that his father, the painter Walter Sickert, had ties to royalty, alleging that Prime Minister Lord Salisbury was anxious about reports concerning aristocrats visiting a notorious homosexual brothel in Cleveland Street, London. Sickert claimed that prostitutes in the East End devised a misguided blackmail scheme upon learning this, leading Lord Salisbury to assign Sir William Gull, the Queen's surgeon, to silence them. Now, Sickert wishes to disassociate his father from the fabricated story, stating, “I want to clear the name of my father,” and expressing regret for the possible repercussions of his claims. He had initially not anticipated that his story would be published beyond a local outlet, and now feels that the discussion around the Ripper should return to its origins in criminology rather than the fictional narrative he created. Knight was unavailable for comment regarding Sickert's revelation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780620_2_64_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780620.2.64.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,267105600
4828,21,06,1978,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 21 June 1978)","An Ashburton man recently sustained a back injury, prompting his workmates to transport him to a doctor using a forklift when he was unable to stand. They carefully rolled him onto a pallet and drove him to the surgery. Complaints regarding the new computerised electoral rolls continue to emerge, particularly from voters in the Sydenham electorate. Many residents, including one voter who has consistently participated in elections, found discrepancies in their enrolment cards, which were mistakenly sent to Auckland instead of Christchurch. Despite having a different middle name from her mother, the voter has been erroneously removed from the electoral roll by the computer system on two occasions, leading her to feel overlooked and unrecognised. Auckland residents are experiencing similar issues with the new Parliamentary rolls. Charlie and Joyce Parker of Otara received multiple cards indicating they were enrolled in five different electorates. Since moving from Wanganui to various locations, they have sent the incorrect electoral cards back to the Chief Electoral Officer, but have yet to receive a response. The Post Office has suggested that individuals receive incorrect electoral cards visit any post office to fill out a new enrolment form. Next week, the National Gay Rights Coalition will launch its annual Gay Pride Week, a celebration of homosexual rights and identities throughout New Zealand. Events include disco dances, forums, and a memorial service in Christchurch honouring homosexual soldiers who died in World War II. A highlight of the week will be “national Blue Jeans Day,” inspired by similar events in the United States, encouraging participants to wear blue jeans, a fun way for homosexual individuals to express their identity. In a fortunate turn of events, Cyril Welds, a Midlands man aged 62, discovered his garden was filled with four-leaf clovers, leading to a series of winnings in the British National Savings “Premium Bonds” lottery, amounting to over $3600. In response to his newfound luck, he began selling the clovers for $1.80 each. Several people reported winning significant amounts in bingo on the same day they received his clovers. However, the Inland Revenue Department is now investigating Mr Welds's earnings from clover sales to ensure compliance with income tax regulations. Finally, a notice from the Avon Theatre highlighted an incident where patrons had to leave a film early to retrieve their vehicles from the nearby Noah’s parking building, which would close for the night. In response, the car park quickly put up a sign to inform theatre-goers that it would remain open until the theatres closed, ensuring clearer communication in the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780621_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780621.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,267192000
4829,26,06,1978,"Gay Pride Ceremony (Press, 26 June 1978)","On 26 June 1978, a small gathering of homosexuals and their supporters took place in Cathedral Square to mark the commencement of Gay Pride Week. The event aimed to promote acceptance of homosexuality within society. During the ceremony, the group laid a wreath at the Citizens’ War Memorial in homage to persecuted homosexuals. The ceremony drew the attention of around nine “new life” Christians, who staged a counter-demonstration with banners. However, the confrontation between the two groups remained peaceful, with the presence of a similar number of police ensuring order. In total, there were approximately 18 participants from the homosexual group, alongside the small contingent from the Christian group and law enforcement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780626_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780626.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,267624000
4058,27,06,1978,"‘Gay’ Rights An Election Issue? (Press, 27 June 1978)","The Gay Liberation movement, which began in the United States, has been a source of inspiration for homosexuals globally, including in New Zealand. However, recent months have seen setbacks for American homosexuals, with local laws protecting their rights being overturned in cities such as Miami, Wichita, and St Paul, among others. While California voters will soon decide on the hiring of homosexual teachers in schools, it appears that only San Francisco’s local ordinance supporting homosexual rights is secure amidst a generally hostile environment. This situation may discourage New Zealand homosexuals, where political figures also show limited support for equal rights. In 1975, an amendment to decriminalise consensual homosexual acts was rejected in New Zealand’s Parliament, and since then, the issue of homosexual rights has largely been sidelined in national politics. Although there were attempts to include “sexual orientation” in the grounds for discrimination under the Human Rights Commission last year, these were unsuccessful as well. Nevertheless, homosexuals in New Zealand have been organising for both social and political activism, resulting in the emergence of approximately 20 affiliated groups and around 40 to 50 homosexual organisations nationwide. This year marks a significant push to raise awareness about discrimination through ""Gay Pride Week,"" held from June 25 to July 7, which commemorates the 1969 riots catalysed by police action against homosexuals in New York. The week began with a march and wreath-laying event in Christchurch to honour oppressed homosexuals, particularly those persecuted during the Nazi regime. Accompanying the public events, a forum titled “Gay Rights are Human Rights” is scheduled, demonstrating the growing visibility of the movement. The National Gay Rights Coalition, formed in 1977 to unite various organisations, is spearheading the campaign for political recognition of homosexual rights. The coalition has hosted seminars and conferences while producing materials to educate political candidates and the public on the challenges faced by homosexuals in New Zealand. A booklet outlining the current status of homosexuals will be circulated to candidates, along with a follow-up questionnaire aimed at determining their positions on gay rights. The coalition plans to share the results of these questionnaires to inform voters who prioritise the issue. As part of their efforts, the coalition will employ “zap packs” detailing significant issues for the homosexual community, encouraging discussions during campaign meetings, and distributing stickers to indicate candidates who oppose human rights. Additionally, pamphlets will be made available to further raise public awareness during the upcoming elections. Through these initiatives, the coalition is striving to reintroduce the topic of homosexual rights into the political discourse, signalling an assertive push against discrimination in New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780627_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780627.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,267710400
4830,27,06,1978,"Cable Briefs (Press, 27 June 1978)","On 27 June 1978, a significant protest occurred in Sydney, where heavy police reinforcements were deployed and seven arrests were made during a raucous demonstration supporting 53 individuals facing charges in connection with their arrest during a homosexual rights march in Kings Cross the preceding Saturday evening. The protest involved demonstrators throwing eggs as a form of dissent, reflecting anger towards law enforcement's handling of the situation. Activists called for a Royal Commission to investigate allegations of police violence and brutality during the march, with reports indicating that at least two of those arrested had required hospital treatment. In other news, Christina Onassis, the 27-year-old daughter of Aristotle Onassis, reportedly arrived in Moscow to marry Nikolai Kaozov, the head of the tanker division at the Soviet freight organisation Sovfracht. According to the ""Daily Express,"" she is willing to live with the 40-year-old Soviet official in Moscow and manage her shipping empire from within the Soviet Union, although the specifics of how she plans to conduct business amidst the complexities of the Communist system were not detailed. Furthermore, in Brussels, seven police officers from the suburb of Ixelles were arrested on burglary charges. These officers, six men and one woman, had allegedly targeted jewellery stores during nighttime patrols over the past three years, using their truncheons to smash windows. While the exact value of the stolen goods remained undetermined, authorities suggested it could be worth tens of thousands of dollars. In response to this scandal, town officials announced immediate changes to police patrol units to prevent potential collusion among officers working closely together for extended periods. Lastly, Zaire's President Mobutu Sese Seko delivered an impassioned speech defending his 15-year regime against Western accusations of corruption. He responded to criticisms by drawing parallels with high-profile American scandals, such as Watergate and the Lockheed affair. His remarks appeared to be a direct counter to growing Western demands for him to address corruption in return for foreign aid. Following a recent meeting in Brussels, Western nations reached a consensus to provide Mr Mobutu with aid, contingent on oversight by officials from the International Monetary Fund to ensure the proper allocation of funds within Zaire's economy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780627_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780627.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,267710400
4831,29,06,1978,"Coalition Condemns Aust. Police Action (Press, 29 June 1978)","The New Zealand Gay Rights Coalition has condemned police actions taken against homosexual demonstrators in Sydney last weekend. R. S. Duff, the national co-ordinator of the coalition based in Christchurch, stated that Australia has already earned an international reputation as the world's leading country for ""queer-bashing."" Duff's comments were made in reference to the violence that erupted against a peaceful group of protesters who were advocating for their human rights within an alleged democracy. He emphasized that the actions of the police have reinforced this negative image in the eyes of the coalition's 76,000 members, which stem from 14 affiliated organizations. In response to the events, the coalition has sent a telegram to New South Wales Premier Mr Wran, calling for an inquiry into the police's actions as a crucial step towards enhancing the human rights of gay individuals in Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780629_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780629.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,267883200
4832,30,06,1978,"’gay' Marriage (Press, 30 June 1978)","The Rev. Peter Alexander-Smith, a 49-year-old Anglican priest from Auckland, has openly embraced his identity as a homosexual. He describes his sexual orientation as ""an inevitable fact of life,"" emphasising the importance of acceptance and striving to make the best of one's circumstances. Peter has been in a relationship with his 26-year-old partner, Damian, for over a year, during which Damian legally changed his name to Alexander-Smith. Peter highlights the existence of many homosexual priests and the significant contributions that gay individuals make to their communities, advocating for equal acceptance in society. He joined the ministry at the age of 21 and initially served as a lay preacher for the Mission to Seamen. His priestly journey took him through various locations, including Queensland, Adelaide, and Alice Springs. While serving in Adelaide, Peter faced a personal and professional crisis as he grappled with the hypocrisy of concealing his homosexuality. He ultimately decided to come out and stepped back from his role as a priest, despite facing disapproval from the Established Church. Although he was not defrocked, his revelation led to social consequences, including rejection from the local Ministers’ Fraternal. In a significant milestone in his personal life, Peter and Damian were married in a ceremony at the Auckland Metropolitan Community Church. Peter has also officiated at ten similar same-sex union ceremonies, underscoring his commitment to supporting stable relationships within the gay community. He articulates that homosexuals seek the same enduring companionship as heterosexuals, aspiring to have someone with whom they can grow old.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780630_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780630.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,267969600
4833,01,07,1978,"Homosexual ""marriages"" (Press, 1 July 1978)","In a letter published on 1 July 1978, Varian J. Wilson criticises media coverage of homosexual ""marriages"" and related activities, arguing that such relationships are illegal and suggesting that reporting on them only serves to undermine societal norms. Wilson expresses concern that even if the law were to change to allow same-sex relationships in private, media coverage would negate that privacy. He views the reporting of ""gay pride"" events as harmful, equating it to condoning what he perceives as moral depravity and pornographic displays, which he believes should be addressed by the authorities. Wilson urges Prime Minister Muldoon to tackle what he sees as double standards in the government's handling of social issues, particularly contrasting the swift action taken against medically controlled abortions with the inaction on homosexual law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780701_2_84_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780701.2.84.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,268056000
4834,03,07,1978,"“Homosexual” Or “gay” (Press, 3 July 1978)","A reader has expressed concern to ""The Press"" regarding the use of quotation marks around the term ""gay"" in recent articles about homosexuals. The reader suggests that this cautious approach indicates a reluctance to embrace the term as standard usage, despite the growing acceptance of ""gay"" as a descriptor for homosexual individuals. They argue that the term ""gay"" carries positive, friendly connotations, in contrast to the word ""homosexual,"" which is often associated with negative biases and discrimination. The reader advocates for the preference of using ""gay"" in discussions about the LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780703_2_105_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780703.2.105.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,268228800
4835,03,07,1978,"Untitled (Press, 3 July 1978)","On 3 July 1978, a discussion emerged around the use of the term ""gay"" as a descriptor for homosexuals, highlighting the complexities and potential ambiguities associated with the word. The editorial commentary suggested that while ""gay"" has become established, its interpretation can vary in different contexts. The piece argued that the effectiveness of any campaign aimed at improving the image of homosexuals could be assessed by how comfortably the term ""homosexual"" can be used in conversation without invoking negative associations. The editor pointed out that simply accepting an alternative term might not address the underlying issues faced by the homosexual community, and that a deeper understanding of the language and its implications is necessary for genuine acceptance and support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780703_2_105_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780703.2.105.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,268228800
4836,04,07,1978,"“Homosexual” Or “gay” (Press, 4 July 1978)","In a letter published on 4 July 1978, Kevin Fitzgerald critiques a viewpoint regarding the terminology used to describe homosexuality, specifically addressing the preference for the term “homosexual” over “gay.” He argues that the term “homosexual” reduces individuals to their sexual identity, implying a lack of multidimensionality. In contrast, Fitzgerald asserts that the term “gay” embodies a choice for sympathy and tolerance, reflecting a more nuanced self-identification for members of the LGBTQ+ community. Fitzgerald draws a parallel between the words “gay” and “homosexual” to the terms “black” and “negro,” emphasising that the latter was originally imposed by oppressors and is now largely rejected by the community it describes. He suggests that using the term “homosexual” disregards the preferences of the New Zealand gay community, who favour the term “gay.” He concludes by advocating for respect towards the terminology that the community prefers to identify with. In a response to Fitzgerald’s letter, the editor clarifies that the original comment regarding the terms did not express a preference but merely observed the different reactions to the words.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780704_2_106_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780704.2.106.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,268315200
4837,15,07,1978,"The Sapphic Singer (Press, 15 July 1978)","The biography ""The Food of Love: Princesse Edmond de Polignac (1865-1943) and her Salon,"" written by Michael de Cossart and reviewed by Stephen Erber, explores the life of Winnaretta Singer, a notable figure in the arts who was also a princess and a millionaire. Born in 1865 to sewing machine magnate Isaac Singer, she was part of a large family, with her father having numerous children both in and out of wedlock. Following her father's death, all his surviving children, including Winnaretta, became wealthy. Winnaretta had a tumultuous youth, escaping an unhappy home life through a hastily arranged marriage that was annulled due to her persistent homosexuality. She later found a genuine partnership with Prince de Polignac, who shared her intellectual and artistic interests and was also an open homosexual. Their marriage was marked by love and respect, but tragically, the Prince passed away after seven years, leaving Winnaretta heartbroken. Throughout her life, Winnaretta established a prestigious salon in Paris, attracting an impressive array of artists, musicians, and writers, including giants such as Ravel, Debussy, Diaghilev, Stravinsky, Picasso, and Proust. She used her wealth to support these artists, driven by her passion for their work rather than a desire for social stature. Despite facing criticism and competition from others in society, she confidently asserted her own value and the significance of her contributions. While the biography is engaging, Erber critiques de Cossart for the overwhelming number of names included without sufficient context, which may be confusing for readers unfamiliar with that era's intellectual landscape. He also notes the lack of deep personal insight into Winnaretta's character, due in part to the destruction of her personal records posthumously. As a result, the portrayal feels somewhat limited, leaving readers with a narrow view of her life and the wider significance of her salon. Despite these shortcomings, the review acknowledges that the biography offers a unique and captivating account of a remarkable woman who played a critical role in the cultural milieu of her time, demonstrating the complexity and richness of her contributions to the arts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780715_2_103_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780715.2.103.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,269265600
7789,19,07,1978,"Masseuse Age-limit Amendment Fails (Press, 19 July 1978)","On 19 July 1978, the New Zealand Parliament debated the Massage Parlours Bill, focusing on measures regarding the employment of minors in such establishments. A Labour-led proposal to raise the minimum age for massage parlour employees from 18 to 20 was defeated during this session. The proposal was put forth by D. R. Lange, Labour MP for Mangere, who expressed concerns over the nature of some massage parlours, which he claimed catered to sexual gratification and attracted young employees who could earn in one night what their parents earned in an extended period. Lange questioned the ethics of permitting young people to work in these environments, suggesting it sent a troubling message. The Minister of Justice, Mr Thomson, opposed the amendment, arguing that individuals aged 18, who have the legal right to vote, should not be barred from employment in massage parlours. In the parliamentary debate, Dr G. A. Wall, Labour MP for Porirua, supported the age increase but faced sceptical inquiries from National MP Marilyn Waring about his understanding of the massage parlour environment since he had never frequented one. Dr Wall countered that he had treated employees of massage parlours who had experienced deep psychological impacts from their work. Another amendment proposed by Dr Wall sought to grant the Minister the authority to impose conditions that would protect the privacy of customers and staff in massage parlours, specifically suggesting the use of ""free hanging curtains."" However, this amendment was also dismissed by parliamentary voices. The Chairman of the Statutes Revision Committee, J. K. McLay from the National party, noted that the Labour members had previously agreed to the 18-year minimum age during committee discussions. Miss Waring and Mrs Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan also engaged in a heated exchange regarding the backgrounds of those working in massage parlours, with Waring asserting that a variety of individuals, including highly educated professionals, were employed there, contrary to Tirikatene-Sullivan's claims that workers often came from deprived backgrounds. Ultimately, both amendments proposed during the debate were unsuccessful, and only a third reading remains before the Massage Parlours Bill can become law. The discussion highlighted differing views on the implications of employment in massage parlours, the protection of young workers, and the social responsibilities of the state in regulating this industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780719_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780719.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,269611200
4838,02,08,1978,"Hello Striker (Press, 2 August 1978)","On 2 August 1978, it was reported that the ""Gaystars XI,"" the first football team composed entirely of homosexual players, has received official registration from the Sussex Football Federation. The team is set to compete in the upcoming season. It was formed under the guidance of Norman Redman, a homosexual referee, who is based in Littlehampton on the English south coast. The recruitment of players was facilitated through the use of a membership card for the Campaign for Homosexual Equality. As a notable feature, the Gaystars XI will don a royal blue striped kit, with their hair also styled in the same hue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780802_2_242.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780802.2.242,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,270820800
7791,03,08,1978,"M.p. Attacks Labour Policy On Women (Press, 3 August 1978)","On 2 August 1978, the Labour Party announced its new policy on women, which has since faced criticism from National Party MP Ms Marilyn Waring. Waring expressed her concerns, stating that much of Labour's proposal merely reiterated initiatives that were already being implemented by the National Government. She described the phrasing of Labour's remaining proposals as vague and lacking substance. A key aspect of the Labour policy is the proposed establishment of a children's commission aimed at addressing early childhood care and education. This initiative was presented by the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Rowling, during a Women’s Electoral Lobby meeting in Wellington. He assured attendees that Labour would enhance the Committee on Women, equipping it with necessary resources. Rowling outlined Labour's vision for the committee, which includes protecting women's rights, coordinating information on the status of women in the workforce and the community, and advising the government, employers, and trade unions. He argued that a strong and equitable economy is essential for achieving true equality, warning that without this foundation, equality would remain an empty phrase. In her critique, Ms Waring pointed out that Labour's focus on women in the workforce overlooks significant issues such as the drastic increase in female workforce participation, which grew from 293,178 to 303,402 between April 1975 and the time of the announcement. She questioned the absence of discussions regarding critical social issues such as domestic violence, child abuse, discrimination in sickness benefits, and necessary legislative reform concerning marital issues like property rights and custody. Waring emphasised the importance of recognising the equal partnership between men and women, advocating for interchangeable roles, rights, and responsibilities. Overall, the debate highlights differing perspectives on how to address women's issues within New Zealand, with Labour proposing new initiatives while the National Party criticises their effectiveness and relevance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780803_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780803.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,270907200
7723,04,08,1978,"Youth And War (Press, 4 August 1978)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 4 August 1978, contributors expressed strong opinions regarding comments made by Mr G. Ferguson, the National Party candidate for the West Coast, about the implications of abortion on New Zealand's youth and national defence. Ferguson claimed that the 15,000 children born to the Aotea Clinic represented 15,000 fewer youths capable of defending the country in the event of war. In response, T. Kerr challenged Ferguson's assertions, highlighting that approximately 51 per cent of the population is female and would not be eligible for combat under current laws. Kerr further argued that a significant portion of the remaining boys were either unemployed or not suited for military service, suggesting that Ferguson's argument was misguided. Kerr proposed that the National Party should consider alternative sources for military personnel, such as boy scout alumni or Vietnamese refugees, while implying that current party members do not represent suitable leadership. Rosie Witty also contributed to the discussion, expressing her viewpoint that the opposition to abortion among some individuals may stem from a desire to possess a future pool of youth for wartime sacrifices, instead of a genuine concern for the sanctity of life. Together, these letters encapsulate a broader debate on abortion and its perceived impact on society, particularly regarding the implications for national security and youth welfare.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780804_2_104_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780804.2.104.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,270993600
4839,05,08,1978,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 5 August 1978)","Doris May, widow of the historian Phil May, expressed her displeasure with the Heathcote County Council after receiving a letter addressed to her deceased husband. The council had previously acknowledged his passing by sending an electricity bill to the “Estate of P. R. May.” In the latest correspondence, the council informed her that Phil May's name would be removed from the county electoral roll unless they received a prompt objection. In a separate matter, the Waimairi County Council has defined specific nighttime hours to reduce noise. Their town planning committee ruled that night will occur from 10 p.m. to 7 a.m. on weekdays and between noon and 11.59 p.m. on weekends and public holidays. A letter from Mrs Lily Halpin in Lancashire, England, reached residents at 32 Durham Street, seeking to reconnect with former acquaintances. She reminisced about a visit to the Durham Street address approximately 50 years ago, where she stayed with Mr and Mrs Bambey and played with their children, Colin and Alex. The current occupants, unfamiliar with the earlier residents, brought the letter to “The Press” in hopes of assistance in reconnecting. In market news, research conducted in San Francisco highlighted a segment of affluent male homosexuals who tend to spend extensively on various consumer goods, including dining, clothing, and home furnishings. This demographic, which has been recognised as significant in the consumer market, has influenced local politicians, as estimates suggest around 28 per cent of the voting population identify as ""gay."" In response to a recent outcry for more child-appropriate films in Christchurch, Kerridge Odeon is launching a “Fanta Cinema Saturday Club” starting on 12 August 1978. This initiative will showcase “G” rated films each Saturday at the Avon Theatre, featuring titles suitable for youngsters alongside special appearances, such as quiz shows led by the theatre manager, Mr Trevor King. In a curious development in the toy industry, a novelty male doll called “Gay Bob” has been introduced to the market. Designed by Harvey Rosenberg, this 33cm doll, which comes in a closet, is noted as the first homosexual doll, priced at $15 in stores across the United States. Rosenberg aims for the doll to symbolise male liberation, encouraging both straight and gay individuals to embrace openness. Lastly, a light-hearted incident at a Christchurch bus stop showcased a conversation between two young men discussing reckless behaviour. One boasted about his traffic violations, while the other downplayed them, leading to an amusing exchange observed by a nearby passerby. Several students at the University of Canterbury experienced a practical joke when they arrived to hear an expected speech by Prime Minister Muldoon, only to find out it was a hoax and he was never scheduled to speak.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780805_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780805.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,271080000
4840,07,08,1978,"Murder Case Splits Liberals (Press, 7 August 1978)","On 7 August 1978, the British Liberal Party faced significant internal strife following the decision of its former leader, Jeremy Thorpe, to remain a Member of Parliament despite being charged with conspiracy to murder. Thorpe, aged 49, along with three other individuals, was accused of plotting to kill Norman Scott, a former male model. This marked a serious charge against a sitting member of Parliament, and the political ramifications were considerable. In the wake of these charges, a local party executive meeting expressed support for Thorpe, urging him to stand again as a candidate in the upcoming General Election set for October. However, not all party members shared this sentiment. Influential Liberal MP Cyril Smith indicated that he and other parliamentarians wished to withhold judgment on Thorpe's continuation in the party. Smith noted that discussions had already occurred among various Liberal MPs who expressed their dissatisfaction with the situation, highlighting the potential division within the party. Thorpe, who led the Liberal Party from 1967 until 1976 and was once seen as a promising political figure, was granted bail of £5,000 (approximately $9,000) along with his co-accused, pending their next court appearance on 12 September. Observers have warned that these developments could severely undermine the Liberal Party's prospects in the forthcoming election, especially as the party has a mere 13 members in a 635-seat House of Commons. Pollsters suggested that a decrease in support for the Liberals might benefit the Conservative Party, negatively impacting the ruling Labour Party. The case gained further complexity due to the nature of the allegations against Thorpe. Norman Scott, who claimed to have had a homosexual relationship with Thorpe in the early 1960s, had lived in seclusion in western England. Thorpe has categorically denied these claims, which previously contributed to his stepping down as party leader. The origins of the investigation can be traced back to claims made by Andrew Newton, a British airline pilot, who alleged a murder contract had been put out on Scott. Newton had been convicted earlier for shooting Scott’s dog in 1975, though he initially denied any attempt on Scott's life. After his release from prison, Newton retracted his earlier statements and claimed he had been hired to kill Scott, alleging that Liberal Party backers funded the plot and that he had received £5,000 for his participation. This unfolding story not only poses a crisis for the Liberal Party but also raises broader concerns within British politics, as the outcome of the charges could shift the electoral landscape significantly in the upcoming General Election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780807_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780807.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,271252800
7792,10,08,1978,"Privilege Not Abused -p.m. (Press, 10 August 1978)","On 10 August 1978, Prime Minister Robert Muldoon responded to allegations made by Social Credit supporter J. I. Kilbride regarding Miss Marilyn Waring, a National Party member for Raglan. Kilbride claimed that Waring had misused Parliamentary postal privileges to distribute a ten-page bulletin promoting her political activities, as well as an appeal for campaign support, to every National Party member in the new Waipa electorate. He characterised this as an abuse of the postal service reserved for parliamentary correspondence. In his reply, Muldoon defended Waring, stating that the Clerk of the House of Representatives, C. P. Littlejohn, had confirmed that Waring's actions were entirely within the established rules governing parliamentary privileges. The Prime Minister condemned Kilbride's allegations as ""totally unwarranted"" and suggested they were made without a proper investigation of the facts. He remarked that such unfounded accusations did not reflect well on Kilbride or the Social Credit Party, which had previously claimed to maintain a higher standard of political morality than other parties. Muldoon also pointed out that Kilbride's leader, Mr Beetham, had similarly benefitted from parliamentary privileges, despite having previously made critical comments about them before his election. He remarked that it's common practice for members of Parliament on both sides of the House to utilise their privileges, indicating that Waring's actions were not an exception but rather part of standard parliamentary operations. The exchange highlighted tensions between different political parties and the ongoing scrutiny of how parliamentary privileges are used by elected officials.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780810_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780810.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,271512000
7793,11,08,1978,"Sexual Crimes Drop During Driving Blitz (Press, 11 August 1978)","The number of crimes associated with anti-social behaviour saw a significant decline of 70.4 per cent during a two-week campaign aimed at tackling drunk driving, as reported by police data released on 10 August 1978 by Marilyn Waring, the National MP for Raglan. The campaign, which took place from 15 July to 31 July, coincided with a noticeable reduction in various types of offences. The most substantial decline was noted in cases of immoral behaviour, while sexual offences dropped by 78.5 per cent and serious assaults decreased by 75.3 per cent. Additionally, incidents of domestic, drug-related, or anti-social offences also fell by almost 70 per cent. The police compared the reported offences during the campaign with figures from the first two weeks of July. However, preliminary observations from police district commanders indicated that there were generally no significant changes in violent crime rates in their areas, with some citing a ""quiet period"" unrelated to the Ministry of Transport's campaign. Despite this, the report acknowledged that there was a marked impact from the anti-drinking initiative on the reduction of reported offences. Waring expressed concerns about the lack of available statistics to definitively link alcohol consumption with incidents of violence. However, she pointed out that police workloads tended to peak immediately after closing time for bars, serving as an indicator of the correlation between alcohol and disorderly behaviour. Moving forward, a more thorough examination of crime statistics during the anti-drinking campaign is scheduled, which will include all areas of police activity beyond just violent and anti-social crimes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780811_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780811.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,271598400
4841,11,08,1978,"Thorpe Wins Morale Boost (Press, 11 August 1978)","Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, is facing a charge of conspiracy to murder relating to Norman Scott, a former male model who claims they had a homosexual relationship. Despite the seriousness of the allegations, Thorpe has received a vote of confidence from his supporters in his North Devon constituency. This comes five days after his court appearance, during which he has remained notably silent regarding his political future. Thorpe, who is 49 and has served as a Member of Parliament for North Devon for 19 years, is being encouraged by local Liberal Party members to run for re-election in the next General Election, anticipated in October 1979. The local party executive publicly reaffirmed their support for him, citing that he had ""indicated"" his intent to seek re-election. In a bid to quell the ongoing speculation surrounding his situation, the chairman of the North Devon Liberals, Charles Vaggars, stated that both the constituency association and Thorpe believe that no further comments are necessary at this time. However, the Liberal Party is anxious about the potential impact of the scandal on its electoral prospects. The allegations against Thorpe have stirred significant concern, as they represent one of the most significant political scandals in Britain in recent memory, with many believing that it could hinder the party's performance in upcoming elections.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780811_2_52_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780811.2.52.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,271598400
4059,15,08,1978,"N.z. At Gay Conference (Press, 15 August 1978)","In August 1978, four representatives from New Zealand's gay liberation groups are set to attend a conference in Sydney. Among them, two will travel from Christchurch: Robin Duff, the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, and a representative from Gayline. The other two attendees will represent groups based in Auckland. The conference will focus on establishing connections between Australian and New Zealand gay organisations. In addition to collaboration, the representatives will address other key topics, such as the level of political engagement among Australian gay groups and the various welfare and counselling services accessible to gay individuals in Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780815_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780815.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,271944000
6886,19,08,1978,"The Blood-sucking Vampire Of Croglin Grange (Press, 19 August 1978)","A wave of horror-themed entertainment has emerged in 1978, highlighted by the release of “Werewolves of London” on the radio, “The Incredible Melting Man” in cinemas, and the theatrical performance of “The Rocky Horror Show” in New Zealand. On Broadway, an updated revival of Bram Stoker’s iconic 1897 novel ""Dracula"" is drawing full houses, accompanied by a planned film remake directed by John Badham, known for “Saturday Night Fever.” This resurgence of vampire-themed horror is evidenced by a proliferation of related merchandise, such as Dracula dolls and Count Chocula cereal, which reflect a growing fascination with the genre among consumers. The article references the true tale of the Croglin Grange, a case predating Stoker’s work. The Fisher family's ancestral home in England, Croglin Grange, became the site of unsettling events in 1875 when Amelia Cranswell, who was renting the property with her brothers, experienced a terrifying encounter. On a balmy summer night, Amelia saw two blinking lights that approached her window, accompanied by a dark figure. The sinister entity appeared at her window, causing her to scream in terror. Her brothers rushed to her aid but discovered her unconscious, with bite wounds on her neck and shoulders. Reports indicated similar attacks in the surrounding area, indicating a pattern of horrifying encounters with an unknown attacker. After briefly recovering, Amelia and her brothers returned to the Grange in September 1875. However, in March 1876, the figure returned, prompting the brothers to pursue it after Amelia screamed, and Edward fired a shot. The mysterious figure fled towards a nearby cemetery, where the brothers led a group to investigate the subsequent morning. They discovered a mausoleum that was seemingly the figure's hideout, with barred gates suggesting it had been securely locked away. Upon entering the crypt, they were met with a gruesome sight: dismembered coffins, scattered remains, and a mummified body. The terrifying scene suggested that the entity was indeed a vampire. The men decided to eliminate the monster the following day, using traditional methods of vampire destruction, which included driving a stake through its heart and cremating the body. The body bore a bullet wound, leading to speculation that the creature had been injured by Edward's shot. Various theories have emerged about the true nature of what transpired; some believe the “vampire” might have been an escaped lunatic. An anonymous police inspector suggested that the creature was a sexual deviant who created the vampire ruse to elude capture. Overall, the Croglin Grange case combines folklore and chilling events, contributing to the evolving landscape of horror in popular culture during 1978, as represented by both contemporary adaptations of vampire lore and the enduring fascination with the macabre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780819_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780819.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,272289600
4842,04,09,1978,"Second Charge Against Thorpe Revealed (Press, 4 September 1978)","On 4 September 1978, it was reported that Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, is facing additional legal troubles in a major political scandal. Thorpe, who was previously charged with conspiracy to murder Norman Scott, a former male model who alleged they had a homosexual relationship, has now been accused of incitement to murder. This new charge specifically pertains to his alleged encouragement of David Holmes, the former joint deputy treasurer of the Liberal Party, to carry out the murder of Scott. Thorpe appeared in court in Minehead, Somerset, on 4 August alongside three other men, all facing conspiracy charges related to the murder plot. They are currently out on bail and will remain on remand until their next court date on 9 October. It has not been clarified why the additional charge of incitement was not disclosed during his initial court appearance. At 49 years old, Thorpe has been a prominent figure in British politics, having led the Liberal Party for 19 years before resigning in 1976. He has consistently denied Scott's allegations of a homosexual affair, which reportedly took place in the early 1960s, and has expressed his intention to continue his political career. The chairman of the North Devon Liberal Association, Charles Vaggers, stated that Thorpe had always been aware of the charges against him and indicated that any claims of a new charge were misleading. As the situation unfolds, it represents one of the most significant and controversial political scandals in Britain in recent times, spotlighting Thorpe's legal predicaments and the broader implications for the Liberal Party.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780904_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780904.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,273672000
4843,06,09,1978,"Values Calls For Rights (Press, 6 September 1978)","On 6 September 1978, Mr Ross Holmes, the Values Party candidate and spokesman on law reform, urged the New Zealand government to repeal laws that criminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. Holmes articulated that there is no justifiable basis for the existing legal, medical, social, or moral discrimination against homosexuals. He highlighted a significant gap in the Human Rights Act, noting that it does not prohibit discrimination based on sexual preference. Holmes's comments reflect a growing push for greater rights and recognition for the LGBTQ+ community during a time when societal attitudes were beginning to shift.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780906_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780906.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,273844800
4844,08,09,1978,"Cable Briefs (Press, 8 September 1978)","A senior figure from a Protestant guerrilla group has been sentenced to 16 life terms for his role in a bombing in Belfast that resulted in the deaths of 15 individuals. Robert Campbell, 43, a self-proclaimed commander in the banned Ulster Volunteer Force, pleaded guilty to 15 counts of murder related to the bombing of McGurk's Bar, along with an additional life sentence for a sectarian murder committed in 1976. The judge suggested Campbell should serve at least 20 years, and his total sentence adds up to 85 years across six other charges, which include attempted mass murder and being a member of the outlawed group. In a separate international development, South African Foreign Minister Pik Botha has abruptly shortened his United Nations visit to return home for Cabinet consultations. Botha expressed South Africa's inability to accept the deployment of 7,500 UN troops in Namibia, deeming the number excessive, while also rejecting a proposal for an additional 360 UN civilian police. In Moscow, a businessman, Ame Crawford, accused of violating Soviet currency regulations has pledged to leave the Soviet Union in ten days if a court grants him a suspended sentence. Crawford, contesting the charges, insisted that the evidence against him was contradictory and that he had been treated unfairly by the judicial process. In health news, three individuals have died, and six others are suspected of having contracted Legionnaires' disease in New York. Health officials linked the illness to an earlier outbreak in 1976, when 29 people passed away exhibiting flu-like symptoms after attending an American Legion convention in Philadelphia. In a criminal case in New York, two women in a lesbian relationship have been given sentences of at least 30 years in prison for orchestrating a murder-for-hire plot to eliminate one of the women’s husbands for his life insurance policy of $100,000, which they intended to use to further their relationship. During the trial, one of the women, Carol Taylor, claimed she was subjected to a biased trial, while the presiding judge labelled her ""completely evil"" for her role in the crime, which occurred in 1976. Lastly, the UK is set to welcome a new national daily newspaper, provisionally named the ""Daily Star,"" launching next month from Manchester. Derek Jameson, editor of the ""Daily Express,"" revealed details about the new tabloid, which is positioned as a competitor to the ""Daily Mirror.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780908_2_73_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780908.2.73.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,274017600
4845,09,09,1978,"Cable Briefs (Press, 9 September 1978)","On 9 September 1978, several significant news stories emerged from around the globe. In Tokyo, the United States dollar experienced a notable rise on the foreign exchange market, following the rejection by the United States House of Representatives of a Senate amendment aimed at banning special oil import fees. The dollar increased in early trading, reaching 192.60 yen compared to the previous day's closing price of 190.95 yen. In Johannesburg, the South African government imposed a banning order on Dr Nthato Motlana, a prominent black spokesman and advocate, just before the ceremonies commemorating the death of anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko. The order was signed by Police and Justice Minister James Kruger, who claimed that Dr Motlana was involved in activities that posed a threat to public order. Meanwhile, in Vatican City, Archbishop Nikodim, a key proponent of Christian unity and one of the six presidents of the World Council of Churches, passed away from a heart attack during an audience with Pope John Paul II. The 49-year-old Metropolitan of Leningrad had been suffering from a heart ailment since 1971, and the Pope extended absolution and a final blessing to him. Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda issued a stark warning regarding South Africa's racial policies, claiming that should the situation not change, a revolt by the black population could occur. He stated that such an uprising would render the French Revolution akin to ""a very early morning picnic."" Kaunda’s comments were featured in a CBS television documentary that suggested armed conflict in South Africa, similar to the situation in Rhodesia, could be imminent. In London, former British Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe announced his intention to seek re-election to Parliament despite facing two murder conspiracy charges related to an individual who alleged a past homosexual affair with him. Thorpe's national party has chosen not to support him during this campaign. Furthermore, Scotland Yard is investigating claims of homosexual activities as part of a broader inquiry into allegations of mismanagement affecting the financial standing of the National Liberal Club. These accusations highlight deeper issues within the club, including concerns over the conduct of some staff members.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780909_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780909.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,274104000
4846,16,09,1978,"‘Poofter’ Now A Trifle Muddied (Press, 16 September 1978)","On 16 September 1978, a debate took place in the New Zealand Parliament regarding the use of the term ""pooftah,"" which has been part of the New Zealand vernacular for over 50 years. The term, which may also be spelled as ""poofter"" depending on the regional dialect, reportedly originated among Wellington primary schoolboys in the 1920s and initially meant ""sissy,"" referring to someone perceived as effeminate. During a lengthy parliamentary debate lasting 21 hours concerning Supplementary Estimates, Mr F. L. Rogers, a member of the Labour Party representing Onehunga, used the term to describe Mr A. G. Malcolm, a National Party member representing Eden. Although Mr Malcolm did not express any offence at the comment, the Chairman of Committees, Mr J. F. Luxton from the National Party in Piako, deemed the term as unparliamentary language. Consequently, he ordered that the term be withdrawn. The ruling reflected the evolving nature of language and societal perceptions, particularly regarding words with homosexual connotations. The traditional understanding of ""pooftah"" as a mere synonym for ""sissy"" is now viewed through a different lens, whereby it carries implications associated with homosexuality. This shift in the interpretation of language has led to stricter guidelines against its usage in formal parliamentary settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780916_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780916.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,274708800
4847,16,09,1978,"Liberals Give Thorpe A Muted Welcome (Press, 16 September 1978)","On 16 September 1978, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, Jeremy Thorpe, attended the party's annual conference in Southport, near Liverpool, amidst a backdrop of serious legal troubles. Thorpe is currently facing charges of incitement and conspiracy to murder a former male model, who has claimed that they had a homosexual relationship. Thorpe has vehemently denied these allegations. Despite the controversy surrounding his presence, Thorpe attended the conference with his wife, Marion. His arrival elicited a mixed, somewhat strained reaction from the delegates. Party leaders had previously urged Thorpe not to attend due to the sensitive nature of his legal situation. During his time at the conference, Thorpe sat on the platform for 25 minutes but did not deliver a speech. The atmosphere was described as emotional and awkward for many attendees. Approximately half of the 1000 delegates applauded as Thorpe made his way to the platform, with one delegate holding up a banner that read, “Welcome home Jeremy.” As Thorpe attempted to leave, he was forced to navigate through a throng of journalists and photographers, exiting through a back entrance. With a general election anticipated early in 1979, the Liberal Party is grappling with disappointing opinion poll ratings and is considered the third party in Britain, trailing behind the Labour Party and the Conservative Party. Thorpe’s controversial return to the party's fold has highlighted the challenges the Liberals face as they seek to regain support in the political landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780916_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780916.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,274708800
6625,20,09,1978,"Problems With Maintenance (Press, 20 September 1978)","In response to an editorial titled ""Problems with maintenance"" published on 16 September 1978, letters to the editor raised concerns regarding the perceived inequities in maintenance payment laws. The first letter, written by P. S. Bright, argues that the majority of maintenance orders are unjustly placed against men, with statistical evidence showing that over 99.4 per cent of the 2,134 new maintenance orders from the previous year targeted men. Bright posits that this situation fosters contempt within society and creates an atmosphere where men may feel justified in refusing to respect court orders. He claims that ordinary husbands are being turned into criminals due to what he perceives as a bias from the judiciary, suggesting that courts fail to uphold fair treatment, and calls for society as a whole to bear the financial burden rather than struggling husbands alone. The second letter, authored by W. J. Mentink on 17 September 1978, expresses similar frustrations regarding the maintenance system. Mentink shares anecdotes of three husbands who, after being forced out of their homes, are still required to pay maintenance even though their ex-wives are in new relationships. He questions the justice of these arrangements, arguing that men should not be penalised for circumstances beyond their control, such as being victims of what he describes as ""sick women."" Mentink suggests that the underlying issues stem from a broader societal sickness, which in turn leads to flawed laws that perpetuate the issues faced by maintenance payers. Both letters illustrate a deep dissatisfaction with the current maintenance payment system, emphasising the perceived unfairness faced by men and calling for a reevaluation of how maintenance orders are enacted and enforced.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780920_2_123_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780920.2.123.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,275054400
4848,20,09,1978,"Thorpe Cash Inquiry (Press, 20 September 1978)","The British Liberal Party has initiated an inquiry regarding the handling of election funds amounting to £49,000 ($89,000) that were provided by millionaire Jack Hayward to former party leader Jeremy Thorpe. The inquiry was announced on 20 September 1978. Philip Watkins, the former treasurer of the party, revealed that Thorpe, who led the party between 1967 and 1976, received the money in 1974 and 1975. It appears that Thorpe spent this money without informing other Liberal Party officials. The Liberal Party members were not aware of these financial dealings, which only came to light in July 1978 when Hayward questioned how the funds had been allocated. He mentioned that the contribution was made at Thorpe's personal request to support election-related expenses. This revelation has sparked concerns within the party, leading to the decision to investigate the matter further. In addition to the inquiry over the funds, Jeremy Thorpe is facing serious legal issues. He has been charged with conspiracy to murder and incitement to murder related to allegations involving former male model, Norman Scott. Scott has claimed that he had a homosexual relationship with Thorpe, adding another layer of controversy to Thorpe's already tumultuous political career. Thorpe made a brief appearance at the Liberal Party's annual conference held in north-west England just days before the inquiry was announced, during which his presence stirred significant attention and debate. The developments surrounding both the financial inquiry and the criminal charges highlight a period of upheaval for the Liberal Party and for Thorpe, who is at the centre of numerous serious allegations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19780920_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19780920.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,275054400
6626,10,10,1978,"What Biggies Might Have Said On Australian Visit (Press, 10 October 1978)","On 10 October 1978, the children's literary character Biggles, created by Captain W. E. Johns, faced censorship in South Australia due to accusations of racism and reactionary themes. Biggles, known for his adventures as a pilot and having survived numerous perilous encounters, has made a significant impact on young readers for almost five decades. However, South Australia’s State Library has removed him from children’s reading lists, relegating his books to a specialised collection that would only be available for scholars and students. This decision was influenced by a paper presented at the 20th annual conference of the Australian Politics Studies Association in Adelaide by two Sydney academics. They argued that authors like Johns instilled politically significant attitudes within adolescent readers through their limited but consistent narratives, which they claim may have shaped readers' views on gender and societal roles. In particular, they pointed out that Biggles and his companions predominantly share emotional bonds with each other, implying subtle lessons about gender dynamics that suggest women require men while men can thrive independently. In response to the banning, a senior librarian explained the library's policy to avoid literature with violence or racist ideas, instead focusing on books that convey positive values. This stance garnered varied reactions, with some arguing that deeming Biggles as “racist” represents an excessive overreaction. Critics have also drawn attention to the content of contemporary literature recommended for young adults, citing topics such as sexual assault and drug use, which they argue can be far more disturbing for younger readers than the adventures of Biggles. Despite the ban, other states, such as New South Wales, have no immediate plans to follow South Australia's approach. Prominent literary figures like Ruth Park voiced concerns about the current selections for children, suggesting that while there should be room for books reflecting various realities, there should also be an emphasis on stories that inspire and motivate young readers. Writer Elisabeth Macintyre echoed this sentiment, advocating for a wide variety of literature for children, covering fun and adventurous themes alongside more serious subjects. Ultimately, while Biggles may no longer be available in South Australian libraries, the debate surrounding his legacy ignites discussions about children’s literature, censorship, and the values imparted through reading, illustrating the ongoing tension between traditional storytelling and modern societal expectations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781010_2_105_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781010.2.105.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,276782400
7304,11,10,1978,"‘Public Tolerance’ To Homosexuality (Press, 11 October 1978)","On 11 October 1978, a sociological survey conducted by R. Bowman from Victoria University revealed positive community attitudes towards homosexuality in two electorates in Wellington. The survey indicated that residents were willing to accept homosexuals as full members of society, suggesting a level of acceptance that many may find surprising. Mr Robin Duff, the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, commented on the findings by highlighting a disconnect between the public’s acceptance and the actions of Parliament, which he claimed was prepared to overlook the desires of the majority of New Zealanders on this issue. Duff articulated that the survey results bolstered the Gay Rights Coalition's view that the society was largely supportive and tolerant of homosexuality, contrasting this with perceptions of parliamentarians and police as ""basically intolerant people."" The survey results pointed to a potential shift in societal attitudes, indicating increased liberalism and openness towards LGBTQ+ individuals within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781011_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781011.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,276868800
4849,12,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 12 October 1978)","In a letter to the editor published on 12 October 1978, Varian J. Wilson expressed concern about the New Zealand Parliament's willingness to potentially override the presumed wishes of the majority of citizens regarding the acceptance of homosexual behaviour. He defended the democratic approach of elected representatives over plebiscites, which can be manipulated to support specific viewpoints through biased questioning. Wilson attributed the growing acceptance of homosexuality in Wellington constituencies to the influence of various societal figures, including clergy, educators, and psychologists, whom he believed had been swayed by misleading propaganda. He stated that while he would not oppose a law permitting homosexual conduct between consenting adults in private, he questioned the validity of the notion that same-sex couples could live happily together, suggesting that such a perspective was a myth. Ultimately, Wilson portrayed ""gay"" individuals as not only unhappy but also a potential threat to children, indicating a broader societal fear around homosexuality at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781012_2_42_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781012.2.42.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,276955200
4850,16,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 16 October 1978)","In October 1978, a series of letters published in a New Zealand newspaper highlighted the contentious debate surrounding gay rights and societal attitudes towards homosexuality. Varian J. Wilson initiated the discussion with a letter expressing concern over the influence of ""gay"" propaganda, suggesting that those who identify as homosexual are unhappy and pose a threat to children. Wilson argued that the expression of human rights should not infringe upon others' freedoms and expressed disbelief that a majority of Wellington voters would support public displays of homosexual affection or a universal age of consent at 16 for such interactions. In response, Paul Maling countered Wilson's claims, asserting that many gay individuals lead fulfilling lives and are not inherently harmful. Maling noted that there are instances of married homosexuals and suggested that Wilson’s views stem from an intolerance towards different sexual orientations. He pointed out the paradox of Wilson's concern about children, highlighting that often heterosexuals are the ones desiring relationships with the offspring of homosexuals. Further contributions to the debate included letters from Hugh Gaw and Mike Waghorn, with Waghorn chastising Wilson for his intolerance and defending the integrity and happiness of gay individuals. He asserted that the majority of New Zealanders recognise and support homosexual rights, calling for the recognition of truth in discussions around these issues instead of perpetuating prejudice. Finally, J. M. Murphy questioned how Wilson differentiates between propaganda and facts, providing a perspective that many gay people live openly and happily without seeking to impose on others or threaten children. The exchange encapsulated the broader societal divisions regarding gay rights, with supporters advocating for understanding and acceptance, while opponents clung to traditional beliefs about sexuality and family structures. This exchange showcases the shifting attitudes of the time and reflects the ongoing struggle for equality and recognition faced by the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781016_2_49_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781016.2.49.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277300800
4852,17,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance"" Of Homosexuality (Press, 17 October 1978)","In a series of letters published on 17 October 1978, diverse opinions regarding homosexuality and societal attitudes towards it were voiced. The letters were triggered by previous remarks from Varian J. Wilson, who expressed critical views on homosexuality, suggesting that it results in unhappiness and raises concerns about the intentions of homosexuals towards children. B. McCallum quoted William Barclay to highlight the historical perspective on homosexuality in ancient Greece, describing it as a significant cultural aspect that should not lead to legalisation. McCallum implied that while society today does not mirror the Greek experience, it appears to be developing detrimental attitudes toward homosexuality. Brandon Hutchison countered Wilson’s assertions, arguing that the unhappiness of homosexuals stems from societal oppression rather than their sexual orientation. He emphasised that homosexuals are not inherently interested in children, drawing a parallel to heterosexuals in their affections and behaviours. Hutchison suggested that Wilson's views are misinformed and exacerbate the stigma around homosexuality. J. Chetwynd also defended homosexual relationships, stating that they can be stable and long-lasting, with some couples thriving for decades. He challenged the stereotype that homosexuals pose a danger to children and asserted that sexual orientation is innate, dispelling the notion that individuals can be swayed into homosexuality. Chetwynd argued against the idea of homosexuals wanting to corrupt youth, stating that they merely seek companionship with others of the same orientation. Lastly, Roy Wilson addressed Wilson directly, expressing disappointment at his inability to accept the reality of gay couples living happily together and contributing positively to society. He reassured Wilson that an evolving society strives to be inclusive, implying that Wilson would not be excluded from future progress despite his current views. Overall, the letters reflect a broader discussion on the need for acceptance and understanding regarding homosexuality during a time when such debates were particularly contentious. The writers stressed the importance of challenging misinformation and advocating for the dignity and rights of homosexual individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781017_2_22_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781017.2.22.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277387200
4851,17,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 17 October 1978)","On 17 October 1978, a discussion on homosexuality and societal acceptance appeared in correspondence to a newspaper. A letter from Varian J. Wilson expressed opposition to the notion that society fully accepts homosexuals, suggesting that this perception is largely influenced by pressure groups. Wilson described himself as tolerant of gay individuals but likened the promotion of homosexuality to a ""perverse philosophy,"" drawing parallels with alcoholism and drug addiction due to the distress they can cause within families and social circles. He asserted that those who promote gay rights often respond with accusations of intolerance or ignorance towards those who critique the movement, insinuating that the movement seeks more than simple societal acceptance. In response, Hugh K. Gaw acknowledged Wilson's perspective, agreeing that human rights should have boundaries—particularly when one person's exercise of rights may infringe upon another's freedom. Gaw questioned how the expression of homosexuality could deter Wilson's rights, highlighting that Wilson's professional background in a mental hospital could lead to harmful consequences when sharing his views. He noted that he has never received any communication from Wilson, suggesting there are likely many who disagree with Wilson's stance. Furthermore, Gaw argued in favor of the age of consent being 16 for boys, aligning it with that for girls, and upheld the notion that public courtship between individuals of any sexual orientation should not interfere with Wilson's rights. This exchange underscored the ongoing debate around homosexuality, individual rights, and societal perceptions during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781017_2_22_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781017.2.22.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277387200
4060,19,10,1978,"""Public Tolerance"" Of Homosexuality (Press, 19 October 1978)","In a series of letters published on 19 October 1978, various individuals responded to previous comments regarding homosexuality and mental health, following a letter by V. J. Wilson which suggested a connection between homosexuality and mental institutions. J. Stewart argued that many individuals in mental institutions would be there regardless of their sexual orientation, attributing their struggles to societal pressures, fear of discrimination, and the stigma associated with being homosexual. Stewart highlighted the positive role of gay organisations, like Gay Liberation, in providing support and respect that individuals often lack in wider society. In contrast, Mrs N. R. Raine expressed scepticism about the level of support for homosexuality among New Zealanders, questioning Mike Waghorne's assertion that most New Zealanders are informed and accepting. She voiced her discomfort with changing language and labels, expressing concern over how these labels impact her identity. Raine also protested the allocation of funds from the Mental Health Foundation’s telethon to support services related to homosexuality, implying that contributors may not be aware of this use of their donations. Jackie Johnstone, drawing from her extensive experience within the gay community over 27 years, rebutted Wilson's views, claiming they were biased and unfounded. She noted the rarity of homosexual child molesters compared to heterosexual ones and questioned Wilson's experiences in mental hospitals, asserting that the few gay individuals she encountered there were often victims of societal attitudes like those expressed by Wilson. Johnstone asserted that gay individuals deserve human rights and dignity, emphasising the harmful impact of negative commentary on the community. The exchange of letters reflects the polarised views surrounding homosexuality in New Zealand during this period, illustrating the tension between societal acceptance and stigma, as well as the ongoing struggle for recognition and respect within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781019_2_43_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781019.2.43.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277560000
7305,20,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 20 October 1978)","In a letter published in ""The Press"" on 19 October 1978, Mike Waghorne, Secretary of the National Gay Rights Coalition, responded to a query from Mrs N. R. Raine regarding his claims about public support for homosexuality in New Zealand. Waghorne cited various sources to substantiate his assertion that a majority of New Zealanders support homosexuality and possess a good understanding of the subject. These sources included opinion polls from Heylen conducted over several years and recent polls from specific electorates such as Hamilton, Island Bay, Wellington Central, and Papanui. He expressed frustration at the negative labels often applied to gay individuals by a small minority, which he noted comprises less than 6 per cent of the population. Terms like ""sick,"" ""queer,"" ""deviant,"" and ""immoral"" were highlighted as stigmatising labels that contribute to the marginalisation of gay people. Waghorne also voiced his concerns about the role of organisations like the Mental Health Foundation and Gayline, which provide assistance to gay individuals suffering from ignorance and hostility from society. He emphasised the importance of addressing these issues and supporting gay people in the face of discrimination and misunderstanding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781020_2_15_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781020.2.15.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277646400
7652,20,10,1978,"“public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 20 October 1978)","In a series of letters published in a newspaper in October 1978, the topic of language and the rights of homosexuals was debated. Robert Holmes expressed his disagreement with the way the term ""gay"" is often misused. He pointed out that the original meaning of ""gay,"" which implies being ""happy and carefree,"" is being overshadowed by its association with sodomy. Holmes suggested that there are individuals who seek freedoms without considering the impact on others. In response to Holmes, Hugh K. Gaw agreed with much of what H. A. Chant stated in a previous letter but took issue with the concept of charity regarding homosexual rights. Gaw asserted that homosexuals do not need charity, whether from Christians or anyone else, as the notion of charity implies a power imbalance where rights are given rather than acknowledged as inherent. He argued that human rights must be recognised as inherent to all individuals rather than being a privilege bestowed by others. Gaw called for a fight for recognition as equals, holding that human rights come with the responsibilities of being a member of society. Gaw likewise expressed a desire for clarification regarding a quotation attributed to Plato through William Barclay, questioning its authenticity and seeking the proper context. This exchange highlights the broader concerns of societal recognition and the correct use of language in relation to issues of identity and rights in 1978. Overall, the correspondence illustrates a growing awareness and articulation of the need for rights and recognition among homosexuals during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781020_2_15_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781020.2.15.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277646400
4853,21,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 21 October 1978)","In a letter published on 21 October 1978, J. Chetwynd responds to Robert Holmes's comments regarding ""sodomy,"" highlighting the misuse of the term to describe homosexual behaviour. Chetwynd points out that the Biblical account of Sodom emphasizes sins of greed and laziness rather than homosexuality. He criticises Holmes for promoting a narrative that targets the love between individuals rather than addressing more pressing societal issues such as greed, violence, and prejudice, which he identifies as real perversions affecting society. Chetwynd advocates for the recognition of individual rights to love freely and calls for a focus on combating the true moral failings that harm society instead of condemning love.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781021_2_17_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781021.2.17.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277732800
4061,23,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 23 October 1978)","Two letters published in a New Zealand newspaper highlight differing views on homosexuality and society's attitudes towards it in October 1978. The first letter from E. Webster expresses a strong aversion to the use of the term ""gay"" in relation to homosexuality and critiques any relaxation of laws associated with Gay Liberation. Webster argues that if homosexuals are truly ""gay,"" there is no need for increased freedom, suggesting that such freedom would only reinforce what he describes as ""dubious practices."" He asserts that homosexuality is unlikely to be accepted by the majority of society and believes that the term ""gay"" is inappropriate. In contrast, the second letter by B. McCallum discusses the historical perspective on homosexuality, particularly drawing references from Plato's works. McCallum defends the value of understanding Greek philosophical texts, regardless of one's ability to read Greek. He cites Plato's writings that banish homosexuality from an ideal state and points out that homosexuality was never legal in ancient Greece, despite its cultural influence. McCallum expresses a belief that the ideals of ancient Greece—its gods and cultural achievements—are no longer relevant or sustainable in contemporary society. Both letters contribute to a broader debate about societal norms and the acceptance of homosexuality, reflecting the tensions and contrasting opinions that existed in New Zealand during that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781023_2_59_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781023.2.59.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277905600
4855,23,10,1978,"“Public Tolerance” Of Homosexuality (Press, 23 October 1978)","In a series of letters published in response to a letter from J. Chetwynd, the topic of homosexuality and its moral implications were debated in a New Zealand publication. The first letter, penned by H. and J. Nihoniho, reiterated a Christian perspective on the term ""sodomy,"" which they defined using the Oxford Dictionary and linked it to Biblical references, particularly the story of Sodom in Genesis 19. They argued that the men of Sodom displayed a profound homosexual lust, rejecting Lot’s offer of his daughters in favour of his male guests, implying that such behaviour is an abomination in the eyes of God, as cited in Leviticus 18:22. They concluded that true love comes from God and cannot be related to what they view as sinful acts. In another letter, Varian J. Wilson expressed his concerns regarding homosexual behaviour, suggesting it harms both society and individuals involved. He emphasised that while he does not judge individuals for their private actions, he is troubled by public expressions of homosexuality. He referred to a commentary from a social psychology textbook that associates the personality of male homosexuals with Oscar Wilde, noting that Wilde's downfall resulted from his litigation against those who challenged his views. Wilson lamented a perceived decline in social standards and noted that the media seems to favour modern acceptance of homosexuality while silencing opposing opinions, which he believes leads to aggression against those who express dissent. The publication then concluded the correspondence, indicating that the discussion on this topic was now closed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781023_2_59_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781023.2.59.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277905600
4854,23,10,1978,"San Quentin’s Gas Chamber May Soon Be Used Again (Press, 23 October 1978)","On 23 October 1978, Californians are set to vote on November 7 regarding Proposition 7, a referendum that seeks to establish one of the most stringent death penalty laws in the United States. This initiative comes amid a growing trend to reinstate capital punishment across the nation, following the California legislature's past decision to restore the death penalty for certain types of murder despite Governor Jerry Brown’s veto. Since the enactment of this law, six men have been sentenced to death row at San Quentin prison. Proposition 7, championed by State Senator John Briggs, proposes to strengthen the existing death penalty framework significantly. Briggs argues that current laws are inadequate, citing concerns that notorious criminals could evade the death penalty under existing regulations. He highlights the case of Charles Manson, asserting that under current legislation, Manson’s followers could commit murders without facing capital punishment. The proposition aims to cover a comprehensive list of first-degree murder categories, including murder for hire, police killings, torture murders, and several others. Moreover, it would allow for mandatory death sentences if aggravating circumstances outweigh mitigating ones. The push for Proposition 7 reflects a notable public desire for tougher laws regarding the death penalty, with opinion polls suggesting majority support among Californians. The proposal also introduces life sentences without parole for an expanded array of crimes and includes provisions for sentencing accomplices in murder cases. The context of this debate is informed by the broader national landscape, where over 30 states have adopted death penalty laws following the U.S. Supreme Court’s reinstatement of capital punishment laws in 1976 after a period of suspension due to concerns over their application. Critics of Proposition 7, including civil rights advocates, argue that capital punishment perpetuates discrimination, particularly against the poor and racial minorities. Statistics demonstrate that a disproportionate number of death row inmates are minorities, with a significant majority being convicted for killing white victims. Opposition to Proposition 7 also raises issues regarding the reliability of the criminal justice system, citing wrongful convictions as a significant concern. This was illustrated by a local case where five gang members were initially convicted of murder based on flawed eyewitness testimony, only for another inmate to later confess to the crime. As the election approaches, Governor Brown, a long-standing opponent of the death penalty, faces pressure to reconcile his beliefs with potential public sentiment favouring tougher laws. The outcome of Proposition 7 could present a notable challenge for his administration, particularly given the controversial appointment of Chief Justice Rose Bird, known for her opposition to capital punishment. If approved, Proposition 7 could lead to executions resuming in California, countering decades of the state's historical resistance to the death penalty.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781023_2_52_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781023.2.52.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,277905600
6497,25,10,1978,"The Courts Spitting At Driver Was Assault, Court... (Press, 25 October 1978)","On 25 October 1978, the Magistrate’s Court addressed several incidents, including a case of assault involving a 22-year-old man, Carl Arthur Sparrow. He had verbally abused and spat in the face of 55-year-old Frederick Pick during a road altercation on 8 April. Pick reported that he attempted to overtake Sparrow's slow-moving vehicle, but Sparrow accelerated each time, eventually forcing Pick to stop suddenly behind him. After getting out of his car to confront Sparrow, Pick was met with the aggressive response of being told he was ""scum,"" followed by the assault of being spat upon. Sparrow, who denied any dangerous driving and claimed he was simply trying to communicate, was ultimately convicted of assault, sentenced to 12 months probation, assigned 100 hours of community work, and disqualified from driving for a year. In another case, 17-year-old Kay Ann Mitchell was fined $30 for stealing a policewoman's hat during a pub disturbance on 5 October. After witnessing an arrest outside the Tavern Rachel, Mitchell picked up the hat that had been knocked off a police officer's head and was arrested shortly after when the constable noticed the theft. This incident highlighted a dispute over the actual events surrounding the hat, but the magistrate found Mitchell's account unconvincing. The court also withdrew charges against the Dorian Society in Christchurch for breaching the Sale of Liquor Act due to unavailability of important evidence six months after the alleged incidents. In a separate case, Helen Diane Eden pleaded guilty to stealing a car worth $2,300 on 16 October. After borrowing the vehicle from its owner, she sold it and used the money to clear debts left by her de facto partner, who had abandoned her. Eden was convicted and remanded on bail for a probation report. Rodney Alistair Tinker, aged 22, was convicted for receiving stolen stereo equipment valued at $496, which had been taken during a burglary of the Wholesale Stereo store. He was remanded in custody for a probation report. Brynly Trevor Greer, also 22, faced sentencing after pleading guilty to multiple theft charges related to stealing Social Welfare payment orders from letterboxes in Kaiapoi and Shirley on 6 and 12 October. He was apprehended by the police after discarding the stolen orders during a pursuit. Lastly, Robert Charles Purdy, a 43-year-old barman, admitted to acting as a bookmaker and received significant sums from bets placed during September. His activities were uncovered when police executed a search warrant at his workplace, leading to convictions and a remand for sentencing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781025_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781025.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,278078400
4856,31,10,1978,"Ad. Campaign For Gay Rights (Press, 31 October 1978)","The National Gay Rights Coalition in New Zealand is set to launch an advertising campaign aimed at increasing public awareness of the homosexual movement. This initiative comes on the heels of a two-day annual planning conference held at Victoria University, which saw participation from delegates and observers from the coalition's 30 member groups. Mr M. Waghorne, the coalition's secretary, announced that the campaign will be advertised through private radio stations and newspapers over the next few weeks. This move indicates a proactive approach by the coalition to engage the public on issues affecting the homosexual community. Additionally, the coalition has been processing results from a national questionnaire that sought the opinions of the public and members of Parliament regarding potential legislative changes related to homosexual rights. Preliminary findings suggest that many sitting members of Parliament have been reluctant to respond to the questionnaire. Notably, Mr Waghorne pointed out that Prime Minister Mr Muldoon had not provided any comments, which he noted is unusual and unprecedented. There was, however, a somewhat ambiguous response from former Prime Minister Mr Rowling. The campaign reflects the coalition's ongoing efforts to advocate for homosexual rights and to foster dialogue within the broader community about the challenges faced by individuals in the homosexual movement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781031_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781031.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,278593200
4062,31,10,1978,"Credibility Crucial Issue—p.m. (Press, 31 October 1978)","In the opening of the National Party's 1978 election campaign, Prime Minister Rob Muldoon asserted that the forthcoming General Election would hinge on credibility rather than party philosophy, criticising the Labour Party for its inconsistent principles. Speaking at a National gathering in Hamilton, Muldoon received warm applause from the predominantly National crowd. Notably, during his speech, Mayor R. Jansen interrupted to inform of a bomb threat, which had been deemed unfounded by police. Despite the warning, no attendees chose to leave. Muldoon’s address touched on the party's campaign slogan ""We’re Keeping Our Word,"" presenting it as a comprehensive policy plan essential for New Zealand's progress into the 1980s. He described the current election manifesto as a long-term vision, evolving from the salvage operations undertaken in recent years. The Prime Minister framed the election around the question, “Who can you believe?” amidst some discordant interjections, including one that dismissed him as untrustworthy. Throughout his 45-minute speech, Muldoon avoided naming the Leader of the Opposition, Bill Rowling, but characterised the Labour Party as “totally leaderless” and in disarray. He depicted Labour's policies as being excessively accommodating to pressure groups without regard for the repercussions. He claimed that the National Cabinet after the election would reflect a diverse cross-section of New Zealand society. Laughter erupted when Muldoon candidly employed Māori language, and he faced criticism, labeled as a hypocrite for his stance on Māori issues. He questioned why Māori voters should support a Labour Party that, according to him, had historically failed to promote Māori candidates in winnable seats and had exploited Māori people's political allegiance for decades. He highlighted former Labour Minister Matiu Rata’s role in the contentious development of Bastion Point as a significant instance of betrayal towards Māori interests. Outside the venue, a substantial police presence was necessary due to various protests from groups such as the Women’s Electoral Lobby, Gay Liberation, and the Civil Rights Action Group, although the atmosphere within the event remained largely controlled and free from major incident. Political observers noted that Muldoon’s speech was more subdued compared to previous election campaigns, reflecting possibly changing dynamics in New Zealand politics at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781031_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781031.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,278593200
6887,03,11,1978,"Sid Vicious: The Making Of A Punk And A Drugged... (Press, 3 November 1978)","The tragic story of Sid Vicious, a key figure in punk rock, reached a grim climax with the murder of his girlfriend, Nancy Spungen, in October 1978. The rise of the Sex Pistols, the punk band that Vicious was part of, was characterised by controversy and the exploitation of a lucrative entertainment industry. On 12 October 1978, Vicious was allegedly found by police in the Chelsea Hotel with Spungen's lifeless body, a hunting knife embedded in her stomach. He was arrested, reportedly in a drugged state, and faced a murder charge that could lead to a 25-year prison sentence. The narrative surrounding Vicious begins with his seemingly mundane existence as a 19-year-old from London, who was transformed into a punk icon through the machinations of Malcolm McLaren, the band's manager. McLaren had a flair for promoting the raw energy of punk music and selected Vicious as the bassist, despite his lack of musical skills. Vicious's aggressive persona, combined with a troubled background, made him an archetype of the self-destructive punk lifestyle. The Sex Pistols burst onto the music scene in the mid-1970s, attracting attention for their abrasive sound and shocking public behaviour, which was strategically orchestrated by McLaren. Their first single, ""Anarchy in the UK,"" released in 1976, showcased their confrontational style and was met with both fascination and outrage. Early performances and chaotic interviews pushed the group into the media spotlight, leading to record deals despite their technical shortcomings. Initially signed by EMI Records, the Pistols became embroiled in controversy after a televised interview that showcased their foul-mouthed antics. This led to the termination of their EMI contract, but McLaren quickly secured a deal with A&M Records. However, that contract was similarly short-lived due to further outrageous behaviour, and the band ultimately signed with Virgin Records, where they saw some commercial success. As their notoriety grew, so did internal strife, particularly concerning Vicious's and Spungen's drug use. Spungen, who was known for her tumultuous life and addiction issues, became a destabilising influence on Vicious. Their relationship was marked by excess, and both fell further into drugs and violence, leading to their infamous lifestyle in New York City. Following Spungen's death, the influential nature of their story continued, with Vicious initially being granted bail by Virgin Records for recordings prior to his trial. Despite the chaos surrounding the band, McLaren continued to promote them and planned to document Vicious's life for a film. The whole saga highlights the darker side of fame in the punk culture, driven by a thirst for notoriety and the destructive impact of drugs. Ultimately, Vicious’s life and that of the Sex Pistols serve as a cautionary tale about the cost of celebrity, addiction, and the harsh realities underpinning the punk movement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781103_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781103.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,278852400
4857,06,11,1978,"Many Choices In U.s. Polls (Press, 6 November 1978)","In the lead-up to the national and state elections set for 7 November 1978, numerous referendums on significant issues are expected to shape voting patterns across the United States. Voters in 16 states will decide on measures related to homosexual rights, gambling taxes, and regulations around smoking in public. This comes in the wake of California’s successful Proposition 13, which cut property taxes by $700 million and ignited a nationwide ""Great American Tax Revolt."" Florida is among three states where residents will vote on legalising gambling, specifically in the Miami Beach area, also known as the ""Gold Coast."" The move is seen as a response to a decline in tourism revenue, exacerbated by the popularity of Disney World located 300 km away. Additionally, California, Miami, and Seattle will confront measures affecting the rights of homosexual individuals. Notably, California's Proposition 6, initiated by right-wing Senator John Briggs, proposes to allow school boards to dismiss or deny employment to individuals based on their sexual conduct. Briggs argues that this measure is vital for establishing a moral standard for children, while opponents decry it as a witch-hunt against homosexual teachers. The debate surrounding Proposition 6 has ignited considerable controversy, drawing disapproval from various church groups, including the Roman Catholic Archbishop of San Francisco. San Francisco's Archbishop John Quinn contends that the proposition unjustly infringes upon the civil rights of homosexuals. Similarly, Governor Jerry Brown has denounced the proposal as a mere gimmick designed to foster division in the state. Another crucial proposition in California seeks to limit smoking in public spaces. If passed, this measure would restrict smoking in restaurants and many public areas, prompting opposition from the tobacco industry, which is actively working against the measure. The proposal would create specific zones where smoking is permitted, generating various rules regarding where cigarettes can be lit without obscuring public view, such as at operas and amateur wrestling matches. While these propositions are significant, countless others will surface on ballots across all 50 states, primarily addressing local bond issues and park developments. However, some local measures could have broad implications, similar to California’s air quality initiative. In addition to these social and environmental issues, numerous states will consider tax-limiting measures influenced by California's Proposition 13. States including Alabama, Arizona, and Texas are among those weighing similar tax limitations despite some not enjoying the same budgetary surplus that California did when it approved its measure. Meanwhile, gambling legislation continues to be a contentious topic in Virginia, New Jersey, and Florida, with propositions ranging from legal betting on horse racing to casino gambling in Miami. Public opinion remains divided on these proposals, especially in Florida where concerns about organised crime and the need for increased tourism have made the discussion highly charged. With complex social issues coupled with economic pressures, the results of these referendums could mark a pivotal moment in American policy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781106_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781106.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279111600
4858,07,11,1978,"“I Claudius” (Press, 7 November 1978)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 7 November 1978, readers express their concerns regarding the television series ""I, Claudius"" and the broader implications of television entertainment on society. Mrs A. J. Flanagan responds to an article by Mrs Hazel Kenny, defending ""I, Claudius"" as historically accurate and relevant to contemporary issues, drawing parallels between the decline of ancient civilisations and modern New Zealand. Flanagan highlights alarming societal statistics, such as the number of abortions, incidents of intoxicated driving, reported incest cases, the prevalence of homosexuality, and drug-related issues, suggesting that current challenges in New Zealand reflect the moral decay observed in historical empires. Conversely, J. W. Knowles and Pat Phillips express their strong objection to the violence depicted in ""I, Claudius."" Knowles fully supports Mrs Kenny's protests against the episode aired on 2 November, criticising the show's content. Similarly, Phillips reiterates the concerns raised by Kenny, questioning the standards of the Broadcasting Corporation of New Zealand (BCNZ) and lamenting the impact of such violent content on family life. Phillips recounts her distress over a particularly disturbing scene, whereupon she turned off the sound to shield her children from what she deemed inappropriate viewing. Both Knowles and Phillips encourage others to voice their opposition to violent programming, advocating for higher standards in television content. Overall, the letters reflect a division of opinion about the role of historical dramas in society and the responsibility of broadcasters to uphold moral standards in their offerings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781107_2_117_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781107.2.117.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279198000
4859,08,11,1978,"Survey Of Gay Rights (Press, 8 November 1978)","In August 1978, a survey conducted in the Papanui electorate revealed significant public support for extending the Human Rights Commission Act of 1977 to protect homosexuals from discrimination in several areas, including employment, housing, and the provision of services. The survey found that over 60 per cent of respondents endorsed this extension. Additionally, 24 per cent of participants were in favour of the extension, albeit with certain exceptions, while only 5 per cent supported the act without any consideration for discrimination against homosexuals. A segment of respondents were unsure about their stance. The survey, which included nearly 300 residents of Papanui, was coordinated by Mr R. Duff from the National Gay Rights Coalition and supervised by Ms Penny Fenwick from the sociology department at the University of Canterbury. The data indicated a clear majority—around three-quarters—were in favour of some form of reform concerning homosexual rights. In terms of specific legalisation of homosexual acts between males, opinions varied: 27 per cent believed these acts should be legal for those over 20 years old, 12 per cent for those over 18, while 21 per cent thought the age should be lowered to 16. Conversely, 25 per cent of respondents felt such acts should remain illegal in any circumstance, and 15 per cent were undecided. Mr Duff noted that the findings echoed a similar survey conducted in Wellington, suggesting a growing support for homosexual law reform within New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781108_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781108.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279284400
7327,09,11,1978,"Claim Beyond Ombudsman? (Press, 9 November 1978)","On 9 November 1978, the Public Service Association (P.S.A.) faced challenges in its efforts to refer allegations of intimidation against two public servants to the Ombudsman. The Canterbury regional secretary of the P.S.A., Mr J. M. McKenzie, indicated that while the association wished to pursue these allegations against the Minister of Social Welfare, Mr Walker, the possibility of doing so was undermined by legal limitations. According to McKenzie, although Mr M. S. Waghorne, one of the affected public servants, was willing to proceed, the Ombudsman lacked the authority to investigate the conduct of a member of Parliament unless it directly affected the operations of his own department. The P.S.A. alleged that Mr Walker attempted to pressure the two public servants who disagreed with his views. Mr Waghorne had previously written to Walker expressing his concerns over the Minister’s comments regarding an abortion survey conducted in Papanui. In response to Waghorne’s letter, Mr Walker sent copies to both the Minister of Health, Mr Gill, and the Health Department in Christchurch, where Waghorne was employed. Following this, Waghorne faced censure from his employer, leading him to feel ""very angry"" about the situation and seek an apology from Walker. Waghorne critiqued the Minister’s actions, questioning why private correspondence was forwarded to his employer and if Walker routinely shared such letters with employers. Waghorne contemplated legal action against Walker, pending the input of the Canterbury section committee of the P.S.A. regarding the matter. In the dispute, Walker accused Waghorne of misusing departmental letterhead and of assuming a senior role within the department. Waghorne defended himself, asserting he did not use departmental letterhead and that his letter did not imply any senior position. Additionally, a related issue was raised involving a former chairman of the P.S.A.'s broadcasting group, who had written to Walker in 1976 protesting a statement made by the Minister about proposed government broadcasting legislation. McKenzie noted that this matter might also lie outside the Ombudsman’s jurisdiction. Mr Walker did not provide any comments on the allegations when contacted. The P.S.A.'s attempts to address these intimidation claims faced legal barriers, prompting concerns about the implications for public service employees expressing dissenting opinions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781109_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781109.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279370800
7078,09,11,1978,"Random Reminder (Press, 9 November 1978)","Arlo Sailor, a prominent figure within the gay liberation movement, visited Christchurch to promote a new initiative from his group, Morose Power. Unlike traditional gay activism, Morose Power was created as a response to the Gay Power movement, aiming to highlight the challenges faced by the minority group Mr Sailor represents. During his visit, Sailor unveiled an innovative art form called Morose Dancing, which draws inspiration from the historical practice of morris dancing. He explained that morris dancing typically involves performers wearing elaborate costumes adorned with bells and ribbons, moving energetically to ancient tunes. Sailor and his followers have adopted this concept but added their own unique twist. In Morose Dancing, participants don extravagant costumes with bells attached to their knees and cymbals tucked under their armpits. They perform with a combination of spirited yet dignified movements, while their faces are made up to reflect a state of moroseness. As the performance progresses and the rhythms slow down, the dancers allow themselves to express their emotions, resulting in tears streaming down their faces. This emotional catharsis is intended to resonate with the audience, creating a powerful connection that signifies the effectiveness of their message. Despite the compelling nature of Morose Dancing, Sailor noted a peculiar occurrence: after about fifteen minutes of performance, rain tends to start falling. He interpreted this phenomenon as a sign that they are aligned with the ancient spirits of Rain and Wind. However, it poses a challenge, as it is difficult to convey the group's goals and raise awareness when the audience is left drenched. Through this unconventional approach to performance art, Sailor and Morose Power seek to elevate awareness of their movement's mission and the serious issues facing their community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781109_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781109.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279370800
4860,10,11,1978,"U.s. Taxpayers Revolt Wins Support At Polls (Press, 10 November 1978)","On 10 November 1978, reports from the United States indicated that taxpayers appeared to be the winners in a series of election-day referendums, while gamblers faced significant losses. Various states addressed issues such as discrimination against homosexuals and smoking regulations during the elections. In California, a measure intended to restrict smoking in public places was defeated, leading to a victory for smokers. Conversely, a proposal to allow casino gambling along Miami Beach in Florida was overwhelmingly rejected, disappointing the gambling community. Tax limitation measures were on the ballot in 16 states, reflecting the influence of California's recently passed Proposition 13 tax-cut proposal. As votes continued to be counted, it seemed that most of these tax limitation measures would succeed. Homosexual rights experienced a mixed outcome. In California, a measure that called for the dismissal of openly homosexual teachers faced a heavy defeat, celebrated by homosexuals and their allies at a Los Angeles hotel. In Washington State, voters declined to repeal a law that ensured equal rights for homosexuals. However, in Dade County, Florida—the political stronghold of anti-homosexual activist Anita Bryant—a proposal to prevent discrimination against homosexuals in jobs and housing did not pass. Voters in South Dakota rejected a referendum that sought to introduce stringent anti-obscenity laws, including prison sentences for selling pornographic materials. Additionally, Mississippi voters decided against a proposal to overturn a law that prevents individuals convicted of duelling from voting or holding public office. In Oregon, there was strong support for restoring the death penalty for certain crimes, with voters approving this measure by a two-to-one ratio. Similarly, Californians approved the expansion of the list of crimes punishable by death with a three-to-one margin. A noteworthy outcome from Oregon was the approval of a plan allowing denture makers to fit false teeth, which garnered support from 78 per cent of voters despite significant campaigning by the American Dental Association. Overall, the midterm elections revealed trends that could influence the future political landscape. Although the Democratic Party maintained control of Congress, it lost some ground by losing three Senate seats and about a dozen House seats, while also giving up five governorships. Despite these losses, the overall results were seen as signalling stability in the political balance as both parties began to prepare for the upcoming Presidential and Congressional contests in 1980.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781110_2_60_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781110.2.60.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279457200
7328,11,11,1978,"Minister Denies P.s.a. Charge (Press, 11 November 1978)","On 11 November 1978, the Minister of Social Welfare, Mr Walker, addressed allegations of intimidating public servants after complaints were raised by the Public Service Association (PSA) in Christchurch. The PSA's regional secretary, Mr J. M. McKenzie, claimed that Mr Walker had attempted to exert pressure on public servants who disagreed with him, particularly regarding comments he made on an abortion survey connected to the Papanui electorate. Mr Walker responded to these accusations by describing the referral of letters from private citizens to relevant Ministers as a ""normal enough"" procedure, indicating that such actions were routine within governmental operations. He particularly highlighted a situation involving a Health Department sociologist, Mr M. S. Waghorne, who was reportedly reprimanded by the Deputy Director-General of Health after he expressed concerns about Mr Walker’s remarks on the abortion survey through a letter. In his remarks, Mr Walker suggested that the criticism from the PSA was an inappropriate use of the association’s role, arguing that Mr McKenzie was exploiting his position to promote a specific agenda regarding the controversial issue of abortion. He asserted that public servants, like the rest of the community, had a range of views on the topic, and it was inappropriate for McKenzie to present a unified position on such a divisive issue. Mr Walker emphasised that those public servants who held differing views were being compelled to align with McKenzie and Waghorne's perspectives, which they fundamentally opposed. Furthermore, he pointed out that Mr Waghorne’s official links to the Health Department did not justify his attempts to influence policy based on personal beliefs, framing it as an inappropriate leveraging of his professional role for personal aims. The discourse highlighted the ongoing tensions within the public service over sensitive societal matters, such as abortion rights, and reflected broader societal divisions on the issue at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781111_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781111.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279543600
4861,11,11,1978,"N.z. Style Of Leadership ’based On Fear’ (Press, 11 November 1978)","On 11 November 1978, Rev. Felix Donnelly, an Auckland Roman Catholic priest and lecturer in community health, expressed deep concerns about the social climate in New Zealand during his visit to Christchurch to promote his book, ""Big Boys Don’t Cry."" He painted a bleak picture of the nation's handling of social issues, asserting that fear and frustration were inhibiting New Zealanders from addressing their problems directly. Donnelly critiqued the country’s leadership, suggesting that it relied on fear and intolerance which, in turn, fostered more fear among the populace. He observed that New Zealand had become a breeding ground for groups that exploited public anxiety over change. According to Donnelly, the nation needs compassionate leadership that could unify citizens and approach social problems with a humane perspective. He lamented the current societal trend of rewarding aggression and competitiveness, which he believed led to increasing violence in communities. Donnelly dismissed the idea that merely increasing the police presence would solve the issues of law and order, instead advocating for more focus on community-building initiatives and educational programmes that promote healthy relationships. Donnelly also touched on the contentious topic of homosexuality in New Zealand, highlighting his role as a pioneer for a humane approach to this issue. He remarked on the challenges faced by homosexuals in a society that remained largely intolerant and influenced by conservative Christian groups wielding significant financial power. He argued that these groups perpetuated fear and intolerance towards homosexuality, hindering potential reforms in law. Furthermore, he noted that many homosexuals in New Zealand needed to assert their presence and responsibilities in society, which was difficult under the prevailing social stressors. He concluded by suggesting that before any significant change regarding homosexual law reform could occur, New Zealanders would need to develop a healthier understanding of both heterosexuality and their interactions with the LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781111_2_137.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781111.2.137,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279543600
7329,13,11,1978,"P.s.a. Making A ‘political Issue’ (Press, 13 November 1978)","On 13 November 1978, the New Zealand Minister of Social Welfare, Mr Walker, defended his stance regarding the allegations made by the Public Service Association concerning the intimidation of two public servants. Mr Walker questioned the timing of these allegations, pointing out that the association had waited two years to raise the issue, doing so only two weeks before a General Election. The context of the dispute involved a statement from one of the public servants, Mr M.S. Waghorne, who challenged Mr Walker's assertions and demanded clarification on various points. Mr Waghorne accused Mr Walker of consistently altering the facts in his responses. He expressed confusion over Mr Walker's claim that it was a normal procedure for letters from private citizens to be directed to relevant ministers, questioning why Mr Walker was the sole minister consulted in the matter. Furthermore, Mr Waghorne questioned why Mr Walker took over two weeks to forward a crucial letter to Mr Gill and only did so after receiving a follow-up letter from him. In response, Mr Walker insisted that Mr Waghorne could expect a personal reply if he framed his communications with common courtesy, citing a previous interaction from August 1977 as an example. Mr Walker reiterated his inquiry regarding the lengthy delay in the association's response to the letter. Additionally, Mr Waghorne clarified that his letter was focused on social research rather than the topic of abortion, which he claimed was irrelevant to the questions directed at Mr Walker. He stressed that his professional background as a sociologist underscored the validity of his concerns, asserting that he was not merely a layperson communicating haphazardly. The exchange illustrates the tensions between public servants and government ministers ahead of the elections, reflecting the political climate of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781113_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781113.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279716400
4862,16,11,1978,"Man Jailed For Offence On Deaf-mute Boy (Press, 16 November 1978)","Roger Andrew Philpott, a 30-year-old restaurant proprietor, was sentenced to 18 months in prison by Mr Justice Roper in the Supreme Court on 16 November 1978 for committing sodomy against a 14-year-old intellectually handicapped deaf-mute boy. Philpott pleaded guilty to the charge in the Magistrate’s Court and was committed for sentencing in the Supreme Court. Defence counsel, Mr E. Bedo, presented mitigating factors regarding Philpott’s troubled background, noting that he had been adopted at birth and had not experienced the love and affection that his adoptive parents bestowed on his younger sisters. This perceived rejection persisted through his formative years, contributing to his social difficulties. Philpott was described as a physically weak and unappealing adolescent who often faced bullying and social exclusion. As a result, he gravitated towards casual homosexual relationships for several years, culminating in a five-year relationship with a peer, which ended six months prior to the offence. His loneliness and feelings of dejection led to his harmful association with the victim, whom he did not recognise as mentally impaired due to the boy’s deafness. The court acknowledged Philpott as an otherwise normal, hardworking individual who had only recently come to understand the gravity of his offence. Mr Justice Roper highlighted that despite the solitary charge against Philpott, evidence suggested a pattern of continuous association with the victim rather than a singular incident. Reports from probation officers and psychiatrists indicated Philpott had a difficult early life, exacerbated by parental rejection. While conveying sympathy for Philpott, Justice Roper emphasised the serious nature of his crime, given that the victim was a 14-year-old boy with significant intellectual disabilities, functioning at the level of a nine-year-old. The judge expressed scepticism about the notion that Philpott was unaware of the boy's handicap, especially since they had known each other for an extended period. Justice Roper noted that the sexual orientation of the act was less relevant in this context, suggesting that a similar sentence would have been warranted had a heterosexual man committed the same offence against a disabled girl. Ultimately, the sentence reflected the need for accountability, acknowledging the difficulties Philpott would face during his imprisonment while affirming that no alternative to incarceration was appropriate in this case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781116_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781116.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,279975600
7794,18,11,1978,"Cliches, Jargon Sicken M.p. (Press, 18 November 1978)","On 18 November 1978, Marilyn Waring, the National Member of Parliament for Raglan, addressed around 150 people in Titirangi, sharing her candid thoughts about the challenges and emotions associated with an election campaign. Expressing relief as the election approached its conclusion, Waring remarked, “Thank God, there is only a week to go,” indicating a desire for the campaign's end and a return to substantive work for her constituents and the country. Waring voiced her frustration with the repetitive nature of political discourse, highlighting that voters are tired of clichés and simplistic ideas. She noticed that many questions posed during political meetings are driven by self-interest, focusing on what one group could gain over another. This sentiment reinforced her belief in the notion that people ultimately receive the politicians they deserve, suggesting a disillusionment with the political process. Echoing her sentiments, W. R. M. Haresnape, the National candidate for Waitakere, also spoke at the meeting. He demonstrated a strong sense of national pride and optimism for New Zealand's future. Haresnape emphasised his commitment to his principles and declared that he would not hesitate to cross the floor if necessary. He also asserted his belief in upholding civil liberties and opposed government conduct based on personal abuse. In his address, Haresnape outlined four critical areas he believed the government must focus on to enhance the nation’s prospects: reducing bureaucratic obstacles (red tape), lowering taxes, investing in research to boost export earnings, and adopting a comprehensive approach to nationwide development rather than a fragmented, regional one. Both Waring and Haresnape provided a frank and realistic view of political life, acknowledging the weariness of the electoral grind while urging for a focus on substantial governance and the future of New Zealand. Their speeches conveyed a clear desire for meaningful work post-election and an emphasis on civil rights and responsible governance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781118_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781118.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280148400
4863,18,11,1978,"Thorpe Bid Fails (Press, 18 November 1978)","Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, has had his attempt to withdraw prosecution immunity granted to a key witness, Peter Bessell, rejected by the High Court. This ruling was made on 18 November 1978, amid serious charges against Thorpe, including conspiracy and incitement to murder. Bessell, who is 57 years old and has had a long-standing relationship with Thorpe for over two decades, arrived from California to testify in the case. Thorpe's lawyer argued that the immunity provided by the director of prosecutions amounted to a ""charter to commit perjury."" In contrast, a representative from the Prosecutor's Office contended that the immunity did not protect Bessell against potential perjury charges. Lord Chief Justice Widgery presided over the proceedings and ultimately refused Thorpe's application to remove the immunity. Thorpe, who is 49 years old, did not attend the court session. The charges against him include inciting Norman Scott, a former male model who alleges that he and Thorpe once had a homosexual affair, to commit murder. Additionally, Thorpe faces conspiracy to murder charges alongside a former Liberal Party treasurer and two other individuals. The court has scheduled a hearing to commence on the following Monday in Minehead, western England, to determine whether the case will advance to trial. This hearing is expected to take two to three weeks to resolve.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781118_2_56_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781118.2.56.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280148400
4864,21,11,1978,"Election Letters (Press, 21 November 1978)","On 21 November 1978, various letters to the editor were published addressing political concerns during the lead-up to New Zealand's general election. The correspondence highlighted public sentiments regarding the Labour and National parties, as well as broader governance issues. One letter referenced a Labour Party meeting where a Māori radio announcer emphasized the need for daily work—a call for empowerment rather than dependency. Another writer expressed dismay at the government’s alleged plans to relinquish parts of Okarito and Waikukupa State Forests to sustain the Ruatapu mill, arguing that instead, the government should invest in regional development without compromising natural resources. In a critique of political engagement, one correspondent pointed out that local representatives, including Mr Kirk, were seemingly neglecting their constituencies, prompting calls for voters to consider alternatives to the major parties. The sentiment was echoed in another letter advocating for a significant third party to temper the dominance of Labour and National, which the writer viewed as detrimental to the country's future. Concerns were also raised about government prioritization of buildings over patient care in mental health services, reflecting deeper worries over social welfare amidst budget cuts. The discussion shifted to election credibility, with references to past statements from politicians that appeared contradictory when considering their current platforms. Some letters took issue with the media’s portrayal of political events, suggesting bias in how news coverage favoured the Labour Party over others. Voters expressed confusion over taxation policies and their effects on specific demographics, signalling distrust in the promised financial relief. Further discussions included apprehensions about military involvement in domestic disputes, urging for clarity on the Army's role in civil matters. Controversial topics like religion's impact on politics and criticisms of party propaganda also emerged, showcasing the electorate's diverse perspectives. Overall, the letters encapsulated a climate of disillusionment with traditional political parties and a desire for change, as New Zealanders expressed their hopes for the upcoming election and the future direction of governance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781121_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781121.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280407600
4865,21,11,1978,"Thorpe Murder-plot Trial Starts (Press, 21 November 1978)","A court in Minehead, Somerset is set to hear allegations this week regarding Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, who is accused of being involved in a conspiracy to murder Norman Scott, a former male model. Thorpe, aged 49 and the Member of Parliament for North Devon, faces charges alongside three businessmen: David Holmes, George Deakin, and John le Mesurier. The committal proceedings are expected to attract significant media attention, with 31 press representatives issued special passes to attend, amidst 140 applications received for access to the courtroom. The proceedings will be limited in terms of reporting, as evidence presented in the lower court will not be available for publication unless the defendants request the lifting of reporting restrictions. The prosecuting counsel, Mr Peter Taylor, Q.C., will seek to have the defendants committed to a Crown court for trial before a judge and jury. The court will hear from at least ten witnesses for the prosecution, and the magistrates will determine whether there is sufficient evidence for a case to answer. The hearing is anticipated to last between two to three weeks. Thorpe and his co-defendants face serious charges including conspiracy to murder and unlawful incitement to kill Scott. It is likely they will reserve their rights to defend themselves, although the prosecution witnesses will be subject to cross-examination by their legal representatives. The case has its roots in a 1975 incident when Andrew Newton, a former airline pilot, shot Scott's dog. Allegations emerged that Newton was allegedly paid by a senior Liberal Party supporter to carry out the act as a means to silence Scott, who had claimed to have had a homosexual relationship with Thorpe during the early 1960s—claims that Thorpe has consistently denied. Newton was convicted in March 1976 for shooting the dog and for gun possession with intent to endanger life. The legal proceedings against Thorpe and the others commenced on 4 August 1978 when Detective-Chief Superintendent Michael Chalies charged them. They were remanded on bail of £5,000 each until these committal proceedings began. Conspiracy to murder can lead to a maximum prison sentence of 10 years, while incitement to murder carries a similar penalty. Thorpe, who served as leader of the Liberal Party from 1967 until 1976, is a Privy Councillor and led the party to its largest post-war electoral success in the February 1974 General Election, securing 14 parliamentary seats. The unfolding events are central to both legal and media scrutiny in the UK.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781121_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781121.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280407600
4866,22,11,1978,"Court Told Ex-liberal Leader Plotted Murder (Press, 22 November 1978)","The court hearing regarding former British Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe's alleged involvement in a murder plot commenced in Minehead, England, on 22 November 1978, shifting attention to the United States where pivotal testimony is expected to unfold. Thorpe, now 49, is accused of conspiring to kill Norman Scott, a man who claimed to have had a homosexual relationship with him in the early 1960s. The allegations came to light during an intense court session that has captivated the public's interest. The prosecution outlined the background of the relationship, which began in 1961 when Thorpe met Scott, then a young horse trainer. Following a nervous breakdown, Scott sought assistance from Thorpe, who offered him support and was said to have initiated sexual relations. The alleged sexual encounters continued intermittently until 1963. According to the prosecutor, Thorpe perceived Scott as a potential threat to his political career due to the risk of public exposure of their affair and had made attempts to incentivise Scott to relocate to the United States. The plot purportedly escalated into a murder conspiracy, with the prosecution claiming that Thorpe incited David Holmes, a close associate, to orchestrate Scott's killing. Holmes allegedly reached out to a nightclub owner and a carpet dealer to facilitate the plan, eventually hiring an airline pilot, Andrew Newton, to execute the murder. In October 1975, Newton attempted to lure Scott to a remote location, but the alleged murder was thwarted when either the gun jammed or Newton hesitated, resulting in the failure of the plot. Testimonies revealed that funds used to pay Newton came from millionaire Jack Hayward, misattributed as election support for the Liberal Party. Thorpe is charged alongside Holmes, businessman John le Mesurier, and nightclub owner George Deakin with conspiracy to murder, but none are required to plead at this stage. The prosecution introduced key witness Peter Bessell, a former Liberal MP and close friend of Thorpe. Bessell alleged that during a meeting in 1968, Thorpe openly discussed the necessity of eliminating Scott, referring to it in graphic terms, equating killing him to putting down a sick dog. This conversation was reportedly confirmation of Thorpe's intent to get rid of Scott due to his fears surrounding the revelation of their relationship. Bessell detailed further discussions about the plot in subsequent years, including potential ways to dispose of Scott's body and plans to travel to the United States that would facilitate Scott's murder. Scott's eventual marriage initially raised hopes of resolution, but subsequent developments led to renewed concerns for Thorpe regarding Scott's potential public disclosures. The sensational nature of the case, involving allegations of political corruption, sexual scandal, and attempted murder, has drawn significant media attention and public curiosity, marking it as one of the most sensational trials in Britain during the 20th century. The court proceedings are ongoing, with further revelations anticipated in the coming days.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781122_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781122.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280494000
6627,22,11,1978,"Five Themes To Highlight Next Women’s Convention (Press, 22 November 1978)","The upcoming United Women’s Convention (U.W.C.) in Hamilton is set to be a significant event, taking place over the Easter weekend from April 13 to 16, 1979. It will mark a landmark occasion for women in New Zealand, with an expected attendance of 3,000 participants. The convention's symbol will be a white camellia, reminiscent of the flowers worn by Members of Parliament in 1893 to signify support for the Women’s Suffrage Bill, along with the British Suffragette colours of purple and green. Unlike previous conventions that followed a workshop model, the Hamilton U.W.C. will be organised around five thematic areas: Women and Health, Women as Chattels, Institutions of Power, the Women’s Movement, and Communication. These themes will be spread throughout the university’s facilities, creating a comprehensive involvement for all attendees. Entertainment will also feature prominently, with a continuous programme that includes drama, music, dance, film, poetry, and art exhibitions, all contributed by professional women artists. An international dimension is planned, with participation from every foreign diplomatic mission in New Zealand. They will showcase films, literature, and exhibitions that reflect the status of women in their respective countries. The official opening on April 14 will feature two prominent guest speakers: Madame Martine Levy from France and Charlotte Bunch, a significant figure in feminist theory from the United States. The convention has been organised by a diverse coordinating committee consisting of fifteen Hamilton women and around thirty others from across New Zealand, reflecting a wide range of ages, occupations, and cultural backgrounds. This committee was formed following the decision to host the U.W.C. and has worked collaboratively to agree on all aspects of the convention. Their efforts aim to avoid the media-related issues that marred the previous event in 1977, opting instead for controlled publicity through press releases and conferences away from the main event. The structure of the convention will allow participants to engage more broadly than in past events, where attendees focused on only a few workshops. Arrivals are encouraged on the Friday before the event for registration and preliminary activities, including an opportunity to view art exhibits. Following the guest speakers' addresses on Saturday morning, attendees will break into smaller group discussions, and the themes will focus on real action, including practical workshops like self-defence. On the final day, participants will gather to discuss establishing local consciousness-raising groups and other initiatives, marking a shift towards ongoing engagement beyond the convention itself. This year's Hamilton U.W.C. promises to be the largest gathering of its kind in New Zealand's history, building on the success of previous conventions, like the 1977 Christchurch event that attracted 2,600 women. With registrations already exceeding expectations, this convention is anticipated to bring about a significant movement for women's rights and community engagement in New Zealand. Registration fees range from $10 to $15, depending on the timing of the application.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781122_2_147.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781122.2.147,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280494000
4867,22,11,1978,"Gay Rights Survey Sent To Candidates (Press, 22 November 1978)","On 22 November 1978, candidates in New Zealand's upcoming elections were being influenced by public sentiment regarding homosexual law reform and the potential expansion of the Human Rights Commission Act to encompass sexual orientation. Mr R. Duff, the co-ordinator for the National Gay Rights Coalition, made these observations in Christchurch. Survey results from Hamilton, Wellington, and Christchurch indicated a notable level of support among voters for legal changes aimed at recognising homosexual rights. Specifically, a survey distributed to all election candidates revealed that 65 per cent were in favour of amending the Crimes Act to reflect these changes. Conversely, only 6 per cent opposed any reforms, while 29 per cent chose not to express a definitive opinion. The survey received substantial responses from Labour Party candidates, with 45 electorates contributing, and 29 responses from National Party candidates. Notably, the Values Party had the highest engagement, with 71 candidates replying to the survey. Mr Duff expressed disappointment over the lack of responses from a significant number of National Party candidates, particularly sitting Members of Parliament. He stated that it was disheartening for a party that claims a strong human rights record to ignore such an important issue. The response rate from candidates in marginal electorates was notably low, with most candidates appearing non-committal or evasive regarding their stance. Furthermore, the leaders of the major parties also exhibited a reluctance to engage with the topic. Labour leader Mr Rowling declined to participate in the survey, while National leader Mr Muldoon did not respond at all. Mr Beetham, affiliated with the Social Credit League, opted not to commit to a position, instead directing attention to his party's policies. Mr Duff remarked that the Prime Minister's silence on these important issues was unprecedented, reflecting a lack of clarity on the government's stance towards homosexual law reform. This lack of engagement from candidates and party leaders suggests a crucial moment in New Zealand's political landscape regarding LGBTQ+ rights, with the upcoming elections poised to reveal the prevailing attitudes and potential shifts in law for the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781122_2_195.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781122.2.195,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280494000
4868,23,11,1978,"Thorpe ‘panicked’ (Press, 23 November 1978)","On 23 November 1978, significant proceedings were taking place at Minehead Magistrate’s Court regarding former British Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe, who was facing serious allegations related to a homosexual affair and an alleged murder conspiracy. The case hinged on the testimony of Peter Bessell, a former Liberal MP, who claimed that Thorpe had been in a state of panic after a male model, Norman Scott, publicly revealed their past relationship. The court was deliberating whether Thorpe and three other men should stand trial for conspiring to murder Scott. Thorpe, 49, faced accusations that a hitman had been hired to kill Scott in 1975. This plot was reportedly thwarted when the gunman, either due to a malfunction or hesitation, shot only Scott's dog, named Rinka. Bessell testified that he had learned of Thorpe discussing the murder of Scott as early as 1969 during a secret meeting in the House of Commons. The allegations escalated when Bessell recounted a visit from David Holmes, Thorpe's co-defendant and former Liberal Party deputy treasurer, who had revealed details about the attempted murder and blackmail concerning Scott. Bessell asserted that Holmes had initially indicated that Scott was blackmailing airline pilot Andrew Newton who had been involved in the shooting of the dog. However, Bessell contended he was never blackmailed by Scott himself. The narrative took a critical turn when Scott, during court proceedings for a minor Social Security offence, publicly declared his relationship with Thorpe, prompting Thorpe to reach out to Bessell for guidance on handling the situation. During this correspondence, Thorpe expressed desperation, seeking to control the repercussions of Scott's disclosure. Bessell recounted urging Thorpe to publicly deny any claims of blackmail from Scott, to which Thorpe reacted with evident anxiety. Bessell indicated that Thorpe was aware of the potential fallout from such a scandal, referencing the historical case of playwright Oscar Wilde, who faced severe consequences after suing over allegations of homosexuality. Bessell claimed that the gravity of the situation took a toll on Thorpe, who appeared depressed and fearful of the implications of the affair becoming public knowledge. The court hearings were anticipated to reveal further complexities surrounding the accusations against Thorpe and the potential ramifications for a political figure amidst the raging scandal. The proceedings also underscored the challenges and dangers of political life intersecting with personal matters, especially in the context of the prevailing attitudes towards homosexuality during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781123_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781123.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280580400
4869,24,11,1978,"Thorpe ‘party To $½m Fraud Scheme’ (Press, 24 November 1978)","On 24 November 1978, the ongoing legal troubles of British politician Jeremy Thorpe escalated as he faced new allegations in court. Thorpe, a former leader of the Liberal Party, had already been charged with conspiring to murder his alleged homosexual lover, Norman Scott. The latest accusation, presented in the Minehead Magistrate's Court by former Liberal MP Peter Bessell, stated that Thorpe was involved in a $480,000 fraud scheme as well. Bessell, who once described Thorpe as a dear friend, testified against him as a star Crown witness after being granted immunity from prosecution. Throughout his testimony, Bessell revealed that he had heard Thorpe discuss the need to murder Scott due to the latter speaking about a homosexual affair they had in the early 1960s. Bessell disclosed that a hitman had previously attempted to kill Scott in 1975, only to fail due to a malfunctioning pistol. In his cross-examination of Bessell, Thorpe's lawyer, Sir David Napley, probed the basis of the fraud allegations, suggesting that Thorpe had plotted with Bessell to deceive businessman Jack Hayward—an influential donor to the Liberal Party—by fabricating a necessity for a bribe in a property deal. Bessell acknowledged that their plan was to convince Hayward that $480,000 was essential to expedite the transaction. When confronted about his own credibility, Bessell admitted the difficulty in ascertaining when he was being truthful or deceitful. This courtroom drama was marked by Bessell's testimony concerning his personal financial ruin and prior dealings with Hayward, which had left him in significant debt. As the trial progressed, anticipation grew regarding the magistrates’ decision on whether the case should advance to a judge and jury. In a separate report, it was noted that a log kept by Captain Robert Lewis, the co-pilot of the Enola Gay—the aircraft that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in 1945—had been sold at auction for $US85,000. This sale marked a record price for an American autographed document, with Forbes magazine acquiring the log. Captain Lewis had written the log upon the request of William Laurence, a science editor for the New York Times, who had missed the opportunity to accompany the mission. Overall, the unfolding events surrounding Thorpe's legal challenges not only drew significant public attention but also highlighted issues of credibility, deception, and political scandal, while the auction of the historic log added an intriguing parallel narrative involving a pivotal moment in history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781124_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781124.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280666800
4870,25,11,1978,"Drama At Thorpe Hearing (Press, 25 November 1978)","British politician Jeremy Thorpe, aged 49, is at the centre of a serious legal case involving allegations of conspiracy to murder his former homosexual lover, Norman Scott. Thorpe, who led the Liberal Party from 1967 to 1976, along with three co-defendants, denies all charges, including an additional count of incitement to murder. The Crown's case highlights a homosexual affair that Thorpe allegedly had with Scott in the early 1960s, after which Thorpe purportedly feared the potential for a scandal. In 1975, a gunman was allegedly hired to kill Scott, but the attempt failed, with the gunman instead shooting Scott's dog. Scott, now 38 and a former male model, publicly revealed the details of their relationship in 1976, unleashing a series of legal proceedings and media scrutiny. During the court hearings, it was revealed that influential figures in the British establishment, including two former Home Secretaries and the current Speaker of the House of Commons, had knowledge of the allegations against Thorpe in the early 1970s. Peter Bessell, a former Liberal MP, provided significant testimony, indicating that Thorpe referred to the necessity of killing Scott during a secretive 1969 meeting, downplaying the act by comparing it to ""shooting a sick dog."" Bessell faced intense questioning about his actions and motivations during the cross-examination, which lasted seven hours. He acknowledged it was irresponsible not to take action against Thorpe at that time but claimed he wanted to protect Thorpe from scandal. A letter reading by the court revealed Bessell's conflicted feelings, where he expressed his shock at Thorpe's attack on Scott and wished to address what he described as ""diabolical conduct."" The questioning revealed Bessell’s intentions to write a book on the matter, which led the defence to suggest that he was motivated by personal gain rather than a sense of duty to the Liberal Party. Bessell, when pressed for details about a memorandum he promised to send Scott, struggled to recall specifics, leading to accusations from the defence that he was being evasive. The case, while unfolding in the courtroom, is marred by dramatic revelations and complex interpersonal relationships among high-profile political figures, highlighting the intersection of personal lives and public responsibility in a politically charged atmosphere. The magistrates will ultimately decide if the case warrants a trial by judge and jury, amidst the intense media scrutiny surrounding the political scandal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781125_2_51_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781125.2.51.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280753200
7345,25,11,1978,"Social Ills In N.z. (Press, 25 November 1978)","In his book ""Big Boys Don’t Cry,"" Father Felix Donnelly examines the significant social issues facing New Zealand in 1978. Through a detailed exploration that includes statistical evidence and case studies, Donnelly highlights various societal problems such as the detrimental impact of television, substance abuse, sexual inadequacy, alcohol addiction, and the failings of both parents and religious figures. While the book effectively outlines these pressing concerns, it falls short of offering concrete solutions, instead relying on a general appeal for tolerance, understanding, and love among New Zealanders. Donnelly’s work reflects his extensive personal experience as a parish priest, lecturer in community health at the Auckland Medical School, founder of Youthline, and committed supporter of at-risk youth in Auckland. His approach leans more towards practical support for individuals affected by societal issues than theoretical discourse about remedies. He portrays himself as a shy and non-radical individual, whose focus has primarily been on aiding those in need rather than advocating for sweeping reforms. While Donnelly’s compassion and dedication to addressing social ills resonate throughout his writing, the review notes that he has not been well served by his publishers, particularly critiquing the marketing language used in the book's presentation. Overall, while ""Big Boys Don’t Cry"" compellingly outlines the struggles within New Zealand society, it ultimately may leave readers seeking more actionable insights for improvement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781125_2_86_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781125.2.86.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280753200
4063,25,11,1978,"The Homosexual Stereotyping (Press, 25 November 1978)","The article, written by John Wilson and published on 25 November 1978, discusses the damaging stereotypes surrounding homosexuals in New Zealand. It highlights that homosexuals are often depicted in a negative light as driven by sexual impulses, promiscuous, and psychologically troubled. This common portrayal suggests they are incapable of forming stable relationships and are more likely to involve children in sexual situations. Wilson points out that these stereotypes were recently reaffirmed in letters to ""The Press"", but they were contested by homosexuals and those familiar with them. A pivotal reference in the article is the book ""Homosexualities"" by Alan Bell and Martin Weinberg, recognised as a significant contribution to homosexual studies, analogous to Alfred Kinsey’s earlier work. This book, based on extensive interviews conducted in 1970 in San Francisco, aims to debunk existing stereotypes by illustrating the diversity of homosexual experiences. The research involved hundreds of homosexual individuals from various backgrounds, who answered 528 questions regarding their sexual behaviours, lifestyles, and the impact of their homosexuality on various aspects of their lives. The findings indicate that there are multiple types of homosexuals — including close coupled, open coupled, and functional homosexuals — which challenges the simplified negative categorizations. Overall, the study shows that most homosexuals are comparable to their heterosexual counterparts in non-sexual aspects of life. While some homosexuals face challenges, these difficulties are not significantly different from those encountered by dysfunctional heterosexuals. The article concludes by emphasising that once distinctions among homosexuals are made, the often negative comparisons with heterosexuals become invalid. Importantly, it notes that the portrayal of homosexuals as universally troubled is no longer defensible. Wilson highlights the relevance of this research in the context of the gay liberation movement in the United States facing setbacks, and in New Zealand, where legal reforms regarding homosexual rights are being resisted. Although no similar study has been conducted within New Zealand, Wilson believes the findings from the San Francisco study would likely resonate with New Zealand's homosexual community as well.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781125_2_54_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781125.2.54.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280753200
7795,27,11,1978,"Five Women M.p.s (Press, 27 November 1978)","Five women will serve in the new 92-seat House of Representatives, an increase from four in the previous 87-seat chamber. Returning members include Mrs Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan from the Labour Party, representing Southern Maori, Mrs Mary Batchelor of Labour for Avon, and Miss Marilyn Waring from the National Party for Waipa. The new Labour members, Mrs Ann Hercus (Lyttelton) and Mrs Margaret Shields (Kapiti), successfully defeated incumbent National Party representatives. In a notable contest in Lyttelton, Mrs Hercus defeated Miss Colleen Dewe, while Mrs Shields won her seat by a narrow margin of just nine votes over Mr B. E. Brill. Prime Minister Mr Muldoon expressed disappointment over Miss Dewe's loss, stating she had much to contribute to Parliament. Consequently, Miss Waring, at 26 years old, will now be the sole female representative in the 49-member National caucus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781127_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781127.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280926000
4871,27,11,1978,"Millionaire Tells Hearing Of Special Fund For... (Press, 27 November 1978)","On 27 November 1978, a bomb scare disrupted the high-profile court hearing against former Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe, who is accused of conspiring to murder Norman Scott, a man with whom he allegedly had a homosexual relationship. The hearing was underway when a police note prompted Chief Magistrate Edward Donati to clear the court while authorities conducted a search. Following a brief interruption during which Thorpe inspected his car, the court was confirmed bomb-free, but the proceedings were adjourned until the following Monday. The case involves allegations that Thorpe and three others plotted to kill Scott to prevent him from revealing details about their past relationship, which could jeopardise Thorpe’s political career. The prosecution has claimed that in 1975, a gunman was hired to kill Scott but instead shot his dog. The individual accused of being the gunman, Andrew Newton, was reportedly paid £10,000 from Liberal Party contributions facilitated by Jack Hayward, a wealthy supporter of the party. In court, Hayward was questioned about sizeable payments he made, amounting to nearly £20,000, to an account specified by Thorpe in Jersey, rather than to the party's central funds. He clarified that he was unaware of the specifics regarding how the money would be used and held Thorpe in high regard. During cross-examination, Hayward recounted a conversation with Thorpe, who claimed the funds were intended for election expenses, connected to the party's revival efforts in the 1970s. As detailed in the court proceedings, Thorpe is charged not only with conspiracy to murder but also with inciting David Holmes, the former Liberal Party deputy treasurer, to commit the act. Other businessmen involved in the case include John Le Mesurier and George Deakin. The case has drawn significant media attention and is viewed as a pivotal moment in British political history, as it explores the intersection of personal relationships and public life. The next court session will continue to examine the evidence and testimonies against Thorpe and his co-defendants.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781127_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781127.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,280926000
4872,28,11,1978,"Thorpe-case ‘hired Killer’ To Give Evidence This... (Press, 28 November 1978)","The trial of former British Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe continues in Minehead, where he faces serious charges of incitement and conspiracy to murder. The prosecution's key witness this week is an unemployed airline pilot named Andrew Newton. Newton asserts that he was hired to kill Norman Scott, a homosexual male model, to protect Thorpe from the potential fallout of their alleged affair, which Thorpe has vehemently denied. Thorpe, now 49, was the leader of the Liberal Party from 1967 to 1976, and claims that no such affair or conspiracy ever took place. The prosecution argues that Thorpe feared Scott's assertions about their relationship would jeopardise his political career. The trial has drawn significant media attention, with extensive reports and witness testimonies from various international locations. Newton, who has a criminal history, had already served time for an incident involving Scott where he drove him to the remote Exmoor hills in October 1975 and shot dead Scott's Great Dane, Rinka, using a borrowed Mauser gun. Prosecutors now suggest that Newton was actually contracted for £10,000 to assassinate Scott but failed in the attempt, possibly due to a malfunctioning gun or because he hesitated. Expected to take the stand soon is Scott himself, who has also been at the centre of this highly publicised case. The trial has already experienced disruptions, including a bomb hoax that led to an early adjournment. This incident occurred while testimony was being given by Jack Hayward, a millionaire from the Bahamas who has financially supported the Liberal Party. The prosecution alleges that Hayward was unwittingly involved, believing that the funds he provided were being used for legitimate party expenses, while part of it was allegedly diverted to pay Newton. Thorpe is not alone in facing these grave charges; he is joined by three other individuals: David Holmes, John le Mesurier, and George Deakin, all of whom have denied the accusations. Meanwhile, Thorpe remains free on bail and has been spending his weekends at his country home in Cobbaton, North Devon, where he has been enjoying time with his wife and son. The local press has been covering the trial extensively, even documenting lighter moments such as an interview with a relative of the deceased dog, Rinka, who offered a dismissive comment about the incident. The case continues to capture public interest, with the court's proceedings viewed as one of the most significant legal events in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781128_2_80_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781128.2.80.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281012400
4873,29,11,1978,"‘Hit Man’ Tells Of Death Plot (Press, 29 November 1978)","A former airline pilot, Andrew Gino Newton, testified in a court in Minehead, alleging that he was hired for £10,000 (approximately $20,000) to kill a male model named Norman Scott. This plot is said to have been orchestrated by ex-Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe, who is facing charges of incitement to murder Scott and conspiracy with three other men. The background to the case involves a past homosexual relationship between Thorpe and Scott, with Thorpe reportedly fearing that Scott might expose their affair, thereby jeopardising his political career. In his testimony, Newton claimed that in early 1975, he was introduced to George Deakin, one of the accused, at a nightclub. During a subsequent meeting in a car, they allegedly fixed the fee for the assassination and discussed the logistics. Newton came away with photographs of Scott and contact information, although he later realised he had mistyped the town where Scott could be found. After some failed attempts to locate Scott, Newton met David Holmes, the former deputy treasurer of the Liberal Party and another co-defendant, in a London hotel. Holmes expressed a desire for Scott to ""vanish off the face of the Earth."" With the pretense of representing an Italian modelling agency, Newton arranged a meeting with Scott at the Royal Gardens Hotel, but Scott never showed up, which led Newton to feel relieved. Eventually, Newton met Scott in Barnstaple, where Scott disclosed their past relationship and expressed his animosity towards the Liberal Party. Newton, while expressing his intentions to carry out the murder, became concerned for his own safety due to the conspiracy. During cross-examination, Newton admitted to having difficulty distinguishing between reality and fabrication and also stated he had received immunity from prosecution for his testimony, which raised questions about his credibility. The court, which was often filled with laughter during his testimony, saw Thorpe present in a green tweed suit, often chuckling at Newton's assertions. In a separate report from Johannesburg, six African and Indian anti-apartheid leaders were released from over a year of detention but were subsequently banned from political activity for five years following their arrest during government crackdowns against ""black consciousness"" movements. The individuals named included Aubrey Mokoena, Sedupe Ramsey Ramokgopa, Thandisizwe Mazibuko, Sadik Varavia, Vuyisile Mdleleni, and the Rev. Drake Tshenkeng.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781129_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781129.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281098800
4874,29,11,1978,"Ex-city Leader Held In Killing Of Mayor, Aide (Press, 29 November 1978)","On 29 November 1978, San Francisco was shaken by the shocking murders of Mayor George Moscone, aged 49, and Harvey Milk, a prominent gay rights advocate aged 47. The killings occurred in the City Hall, where both men were shot by a lone gunman. The police later took into custody Dan White, a 32-year-old former member of the Board of Supervisors, who surrendered shortly after the shootings. Although White was a prime suspect, no formal charges had been filed against him at the time of his arrest. The murders occurred against the backdrop of the recent mass suicide and killings of the Peoples Temple cult led by Rev. Jim Jones in Guyana, which had left the city in distress. Both Moscone and Milk were well-known figures in the city, and their violent deaths further deepened the city's turmoil. Moscone, who had previously appointed Jones to a city position, was reportedly not directly connected to the earlier tragedy despite some shared associations. Witnesses indicated that White, upset over his political status, was motivated by Moscone's decision not to reappoint him to the Board of Supervisors. White had resigned earlier in November, citing the need to focus on his restaurant, the ""Hot Potato."" When he attempted to seek his position back, he was informed that he lacked the necessary political support. The Mayor was scheduled to announce White's successor later the same day of the shootings. Upon discovering the scene, aides found Mayor Moscone fatally wounded, having been shot twice in the head and once in the arm. Milk was later found dead in his office. City officials reported no known animosity between Milk and White, although it was noted that White had previously opposed gay rights legislation. Following the murders, Dianne Feinstein, the president of the Board of Supervisors and now the Acting Mayor, conveyed the tragic news to city employees gathered outside City Hall. Her announcement was met with profound shock and sorrow, with crowd members expressing their disbelief and grief. As flags flew at half-mast throughout San Francisco, the city mourned the loss of its leaders, while the investigation into the murders began to unfold.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781129_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781129.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281098800
7306,30,11,1978,"‘’unhappy Retirement’ (Press, 30 November 1978)","On 30 November 1978, a telegram was sent to H. J. Walker, the recently defeated Minister of Social Welfare and former member of Parliament for Papanui, expressing a rather unorthodox sentiment. The message, sent by Mike Waghorne, an officer from the Christchurch Health Department, wished Walker “the most reviled and unhappy retirement ever experienced by a New Zealand ex-politician.” This unusual communication highlights the contentious nature of the relationship between the two men, as Waghorne is known to have been involved in a public dispute with Walker, particularly regarding attempts made by Walker to have Waghorne dismissed from his position within the Health Department. In response to the telegram, Walker made the contents public, which brought further attention to the animosity that characterized their interactions. Waghorne expressed satisfaction with Walker's exit from office, indicating that the former minister's actions had motivated his message. At the time, Waghorne was working as an assistant management services officer with a focus on planning geriatric services and was also serving as the secretary of the National Gay Rights Coalition, indicating his active involvement in social issues during a time of evolving public discourse surrounding gay rights in New Zealand. This incident underscores the often turbulent environment of politics and public service, illustrating how personal conflicts can spill into public view, particularly when they involve elected officials and their administrative counterparts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781130_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781130.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281185200
7601,30,11,1978,"Police Alert For Revenge Attacks After Murders (Press, 30 November 1978)","On 30 November 1978, San Francisco held a large open-air memorial ceremony to honour Mayor George Moscone and civic leader Harvey Milk, who were both tragically murdered. This event occurred on the same day that Dan White, the man accused of their killings, was set to appear in court for arraignment. The city was on high alert due to fears of potential violence, following a wave of grief and sympathy for the victims. The murders of Moscone and Milk came in the wake of a national tragedy, where 900 followers of the People’s Temple religious cult, led by Jim Jones, died in a mass suicide in Guyana 12 days earlier. Many of the deceased were from the San Francisco area, contributing to the city's sense of shock and mourning. Although Jones had previously been politically aligned with Moscone, police indicated that there was no direct link between the mass killing and the murders of Moscone and Milk. The memorial service was expected to gather thousands of citizens in a public square to pay their respects. Dan White, who was 32 years old, faced serious charges for the murders. If convicted, he could potentially be sentenced to death, as recent legislation extending the death penalty to crimes against elected officials was just approved by voters three weeks prior. The specifics of the violence were stark; Moscone was shot four times, while Milk was shot five times. Prior to the shootings, White had demanded his position back on the Board of Supervisors, having resigned from his post only two weeks earlier. Mayor Moscone was scheduled to announce White’s successor shortly after his murder, illustrating the tense and unstable situation surrounding the local government. Amidst this turmoil, it was reported that White was to receive an award from the Fire Department for his bravery in rescuing a mother and child from a burning building. Despite the tragic circumstances leading to the memorial, fire officials announced that the award would still be officially recognised, albeit with a postponed presentation ceremony. The events of that day marked a dark chapter in San Francisco's history, highlighting the intense emotional impact of the losses of both Moscone and Milk on the community, alongside the unsettling realities of political violence and civic responsibility.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781130_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781130.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281185200
4875,30,11,1978,"Thorpe’s ‘ex-lover’ To Tell Court Of Homosexual... (Press, 30 November 1978)","On 30 November 1978, Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, was formally accused in the Magistrate’s Court at Minehead of conspiring to murder Norman Scott, a man who claims to have had a homosexual affair with Thorpe in the early 1960s. Scott, who is now 38 and lives as a semi-recluse caring for horses in a remote cottage, was expected to testify about their past relationship. Thorpe, who denies both the affair and the murder conspiracy, stated that he has not seen Scott for approximately 15 years. The prosecution has presented evidence that supports Scott's allegations of an affair and claims that Thorpe, along with three accomplices—David Holmes, John le Mesurier, and George Deakin—hired airline pilot Andrew Newton for £10,000 to eliminate Scott. Newton has testified that instead of carrying out the murder, he shot and killed Scott's Great Dane on a foggy night in October 1975 on a road near Minehead. During the proceedings, Scott was present but did not take the stand to testify. The case has garnered significant media interest, which has reportedly been a financial opportunity for Newton; he has claimed to have received over £10,000 from various media outlets for his story. Additionally, he spoke of attempts on his life and expressed concerns that these incidents were orchestrated to prevent sensitive information from being disclosed during his trial relating to the dog shooting. The courtroom atmosphere has been tense, with Newton acknowledging that the attention surrounding the case has made it a ""little pot of gold"" for him, highlighting the financial gains from selling his story. Despite facing accusations, all four men involved in the conspiracy to murder have denied the charges. In addition, Thorpe faces a further charge of incitement to murder against Holmes. This high-profile case shines a light on issues of sexuality, politics, and the lengths individuals may go to conceal relationships and past indiscretions. The proceedings are set against the backdrop of emerging social attitudes towards homosexuality during that era, making the trial not only a pivotal moment for Thorpe’s political career but also a significant cultural event in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781130_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781130.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281185200
4876,01,12,1978,"Ex-male Model: My Nights With Jeremy (Press, 1 December 1978)","On 1 December 1978, in Minehead, England, Norman Scott, a 38-year-old former male model, testified in court, alleging he was seduced by former Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe, who led the party from 1967 to 1976. Scott provided detailed evidence as a prosecution witness in a case determining whether Thorpe and three others should face trial for allegedly plotting to murder him to silence him about their past relationship. Scott, dressed sharply, recounted a tumultuous homosexual affair that began in 1960 after they met at a riding stable. Initially seeking Thorpe’s help after personal struggles, including a nervous breakdown, Scott described how their relationship developed. He recalled a night in November 1961 at Thorpe's mother’s home in Oxted, where they engaged in sexual activities after an intimate encounter in which Thorpe reassured him. Scott detailed multiple sexual encounters with Thorpe, including activities at his flat in Chelsea and a hotel bathroom, despite homosexuality being illegal in Britain at that time. Frequently, Thorpe would visit Scott under the pretense of companionship, but it would often lead to sexual relations. During their relationship, Scott recalled Thorpe affectionately calling him ""Bunny"". Scott revealed his emotional turmoil during their time together, describing moments of happiness mixed with distress. He recounted a specific incident when a policeman visited Thorpe's home while they were together, emphasising the secrecy surrounding their encounters. Scott expressed disdain for the sexual nature of their relationship, which he felt overshadowed their friendship. In a dramatic testimony, Scott recounted a tragic event in 1975, when a man, Andrew Newton, allegedly hired to kill him, shot his beloved dog. This event heightened his anguish, as he expressed feelings of despair and desperation linked to Thorpe. He described his tumultuous life and interactions, which led him to seek police intervention due to threats related to his relationship with Thorpe. Scott’s detailed account painted a picture not only of a controversial relationship with a high-profile politician but also of the emotional pain that ensued. His testimony played a crucial role in the court proceedings, as the magistrates considered the implications of the relationships and the serious accusations of a murder plot against him. Throughout this ordeal, Scott remained at the centre of a sensational case that intertwined themes of sexuality, power, and personal tragedy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781201_2_66_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781201.2.66.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281271600
4877,01,12,1978,"Presses Of ‘the Times’ Have Fallen Silent (Press, 1 December 1978)","On 1 December 1978, it was reported that the London newspapers ""The Times"" and the ""Sunday Times"" would suspend publication indefinitely due to ongoing disruptions caused by militant printers. The decision, made by the owners, was influenced by the need to secure a new agreement with trade unions to ensure uninterrupted production. Both newspapers have been deeply integrated into British culture, with ""The Times"" being one of the oldest daily publications, first established in 1785. The situation had reached a critical point, leading to significant losses, as the papers had lost 13 million copies over the previous year due to unofficial disputes. The management, led by Lord Thomson of Fleet, expressed intentions to resume publication, but only after securing the cooperation of all unions to adapt to new printing technologies and to reduce overmanning, which management viewed as essential for a sustainable future. Concerns were raised in Parliament regarding the potential long-term suspension, and emergency debates were planned to address the matter. However, the National Graphical Association, representing about 700 printers, refused to negotiate unless the suspension was lifted, fearing job losses from the introduction of computerised printing methods. The mood among the staff at ""The Times"" was grave as they prepared what could be their final edition for an extended period. They marked the occasion with plans to dine together, signifying both sadness and a sense of hope for the future. Their last edition featured reports on their own operational crisis, alongside coverage of political matters, including a court case involving former U.S. President Richard Nixon and Jeremy Thorpe, a former Liberal Party leader. The absence of ""The Times"" was anticipated to significantly impact British society, as it served not just as a news source but as a cultural staple for many. Readers expressed sentiments about the newspaper’s importance, with some indicating they would wear symbolic items or grow beards until its return. Lord Thomson, who invested substantially in revitalising ""The Times,"" characterised the suspension as a drastic measure to prevent the slow demise of the newspapers. He reassured the public that there was no intention for permanent closure or sale of the newspapers, underscoring the urgent need for a resolution to the ongoing disputes that threatened their future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781201_2_66_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781201.2.66.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281271600
4878,02,12,1978,"Thorpe Witness Under Fierce Fire (Press, 2 December 1978)","On 2 December 1978, the court proceedings involving former Liberal politician Jeremy Thorpe and Norman Scott, a former male model, took a dramatic turn as Scott alleged a homosexual affair with Thorpe that dates back to 1961. The courtroom was marked by intense cross-examination led by Thorpe’s lawyer, Sir David Napley, who probed Scott about his past experiences and emotional state. Scott, who is 38 years old, voiced his frustration during the questioning, passionately declaring, “You are trying to rile me. I am not here on trial, you know. I am here because of that man who has tried to destroy me over a period of years.” He insisted he would not be destroyed by the allegations levied against him. The cross-examination revealed layers of Scott's troubled childhood and illness, leading to moments of pathos as he described his feelings of frustration and self-pity. However, it also became farcical when discussions shifted to Thorpe’s physical attributes, including questions about whether he had warts under his arms. In a surprising turn during the proceedings, Scott suggested a personal examination of Thorpe to prove their relationship, claiming he had intimate knowledge that could not be known without having slept with him. Scott specifically mentioned, “It is just that Mr Thorpe without his clothes on has warts or nodules under his arm,” and noted that “his spinal column curves,” prompting laughter from one of Thorpe’s co-defendants, businessman John le Mesurier. Thorpe himself remained composed, even smiling, while his wife, Marion, observed from the public gallery. Thorpe, now 49, is facing serious accusations along with three co-defendants, as they are charged with plotting to kill Scott in an effort to silence him regarding his claims of the alleged affair. These charges stem from a conspiracy to murder, with Thorpe also facing an additional charge of incitement to murder. The Minehead Magistrates are currently responsible for deciding whether the four men should face trial for these grave charges. The atmosphere of the courtroom captured a blend of drama, emotional intensity, and absurdity, encapsulating the bizarre nature of the events unfolding due to Scott's allegations against a prominent political figure in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781202_2_56_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781202.2.56.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281358000
4879,06,12,1978,"Ex-male Model Says Minister In Cover-up (Press, 6 December 1978)","On 6 December 1978, former male model Norman Scott testified in court against British politician Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the Liberal Party, alleging they were once homosexual lovers. Scott, aged 38, accused Thorpe and three other men of conspiracy to murder him, a charge they all deny. Thorpe has specifically denied any homosexual relationship with Scott. During his testimony at the Minehead Magistrates' Court, Scott claimed there was a government cover-up involving a minister in connection to his relationship with Thorpe. He mentioned that Thorpe had a prior lover and pointed out letters from 1962 that indicated this. The court heard about Scott's struggles in securing national insurance benefits, which he attributed to Thorpe's failure to assist him in obtaining stamped contributions. This failure, Scott argued, severely impacted his life and led him to disclose his alleged seduction by Thorpe from 1961 onwards. Scott raised concerns about corruption in the House of Commons, referencing a woman with whom he had an affair who later committed suicide after seeking help from prominent Liberal politicians regarding the situation with Thorpe. He suggested that her death weighed heavily on his conscience and stated, ""If he had paid the bloody cards, none of this would have happened."" During cross-examination, Scott acknowledged his history of mental health issues, including nervous troubles and suicide attempts. He firmly stated that he was not on trial due to his homosexuality but rather because he believed someone had attempted to kill him. He argued that the financial instability resulting from not receiving welfare benefits contributed to the breakdown of his marriage in 1969, which he labelled a tragedy. Scott admitted to receiving payment for interviews with the media, including a significant amount from the ""Daily Mirror,"" and mentioned he was also working on a book during the trial. He expressed frustration, questioning why he should not share his story, asserting that the public should know about the affair. Scott further revealed that Thorpe and a former Liberal Party member, Peter Bessell, had attempted to arrange for him to go to the United States, but they abandoned the plan due to concerns about security risks associated with Scott's potential disclosures about Thorpe. As the day concluded, the court proceeded to review a transcript of Scott's evidence, which marked a significant step in the ongoing legal proceedings against Thorpe and his co-defendants. The case highlights the intersection of politics, personal relationships, and issues of corruption within the context of late 20th-century British society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781206_2_62_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781206.2.62.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281703600
7346,07,12,1978,"Gift Books (Press, 7 December 1978)","On 7 December 1978, Gordon Tait’s bookshop in Cashel Street features a selection of books ideal for Christmas gifting. Among the highlighted titles is ""Overseizure"" (An O.E. Overdose) by Tom Scott, which delivers a humorous take on the experiences of New Zealanders abroad through letters to family. The illustrations accompanying the text are done by a well-known artist, and the book is published by Whitcoulls. Tait also commends “The Cement Garden” by Ian McEwan, describing it as the best novel he has read in a decade. This novel is a nuanced exploration of adolescence that delicately balances between the realms of fantasy and reality. Another notable book is “Big Boys Don’t Cry” written by Felix Donnelly, a New Zealand priest and social worker. This work, published by Cassell, addresses various societal issues facing the community and proposes potential solutions, indicating a strong resonance with contemporary social themes. Sheila Natusch’s “The Cruise of the Acheron” provides an engaging account of an early voyage around New Zealand, accentuating historical narratives from colonial times. This book, also published by Whitcoulls, is recognized for its diligent research and depiction of the people and places from that era. Lastly, Tait highlights “Antarctica” by Eliot Porter, a visually stunning publication featuring 80 colour photographs and evocative text that portrays the enigmatic qualities of the continent. This deluxe edition, published by Hutchinson, is noted for its outstanding presentation and personal insight from the author. In the realm of yachting literature, “Cape Horn To Port” by Erroll Bruce offers the official record of the 1977-78 Whitbread Round-the-World Race. Tait admires the book's comprehensive account, including failures and their reasons, providing a balanced perspective on the competitive event that saw 15 yachts from various nations. As a fellow sailing enthusiast, he appreciates the depth and detail provided by the yachting veteran and committee member involved in the organisation of the race. This publication is by the Nautical Publishing Company. Overall, Tait’s collection showcases a diverse range of noteworthy literary works perfectly suited for the festive season.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781207_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781207.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281790000
4880,07,12,1978,"Thorpe Case: Pakistani Tells Of Cash Payments (Press, 7 December 1978)","In a case unfolding at the Minehead Magistrate's Court in England, a wealthy Parsee from Pakistan, Mr Nadir Dinshau, provided testimony relating to allegations against former Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe and three associates, who are accused of conspiracy to commit murder. The case centres on a plot to kill Mr Norman Scott, a former male model who claims to have had a homosexual relationship with Thorpe, leading to fears of a scandal that Thorpe allegedly sought to suppress. Dinshau testified about transferring significant sums of money, reportedly intended as payments to a hitman hired to execute Scott. These payments, totalling £20,000, were purportedly sourced from Mr Jack Hayward, a millionaire benefactor, who had instructed Thorpe in 1974 to transfer the funds to a Jersey bank account controlled by Dinshau. The Crown presented evidence suggesting that Thorpe had claimed the funds were for election expenses but were actually part of a scheme to eliminate Scott, whom Thorpe allegedly feared could reveal damaging information. The alleged hired assassin, an airline pilot named Andrew Newton, was reportedly paid £5,000 to fulfil the contract on Scott but instead shot and killed Scott's dog, Rinka, in October 1975. During the proceedings, it was disclosed that Newton had previously been jailed in 1976 for the animal's death but did not confess to being involved in a murder conspiracy at that time. Dinshau, a long-time friend of Thorpe, recounted how he became anxious following media scrutiny and police inquiries into Thorpe's activities. He detailed a conversation with Thorpe in 1977 where the politician insisted everything was ""above board"" but later expressed concern for his political future amid the growing scandal. He recounted a drive around St James's Park during which Thorpe spoke about the fear of his career being jeopardised by revelations regarding party finances. Further evidence was provided by David Miller, a printer who linked Newton to another conspirator, George Deakin. Miller testified to having observed the exchange of cash and involved parties in a Welsh brickyard and admitted to recording conversations for his protection. He faced scrutiny regarding his motivations, especially after receiving substantial payment from media outlets for his stories detailing the incidents. All accused, including Thorpe, have vehemently denied the charges. The court must determine if there is enough evidence for the case to proceed to trial by judge and jury, as the legal intricacies surrounding the case and the implications on political reputations continue to unfold. The proceedings have drawn attention due to the high-profile nature of those involved and the sensational allegations concerning political scandal, conspiracy, and murder.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781207_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781207.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281790000
4881,08,12,1978,"Repairmen Found Thorpe, Scott Papers In Hidden... (Press, 8 December 1978)","On 8 December 1978, during a court hearing in Minehead, it was revealed that builders refurbishing an office in London had uncovered a hidden cupboard containing documents connecting former Liberal leader Jeremy Thorpe to Norman Scott, a former male model who claims they were once lovers. Thorpe, 49, along with three co-defendants, faces conspiracy charges for allegedly plotting to murder Scott. The prosecution, led by Mr Peter Taylor, indicated that Thorpe feared damage to his political career due to Scott's claims about their relationship, which allegedly began in 1961. The court heard that a close friend of Thorpe, Peter Bessell, had been asked to manage the situation concerning Scott. Bessell had previously paid Scott a retainer amidst claims that Scott had been contacting Thorpe's elderly mother, Ursula Thorpe, with allegations regarding Thorpe’s sexuality. Following Bessell's relocation to the United States in 1974 after a business failure, the builders discovered a black document case in the office during renovations, leading to the current trial's proceedings. Among the materials in the hidden case were letters, account books, and cheque stubs, some of which were directly related to Thorpe. Notably, one letter from Scott to Mrs Ursula Thorpe was included. The builders, who found the case, later sold the letters to the ""Sunday Mirror” for £200. The publication stated its legal department retains copies of these documents which were sent to Thorpe. The charges against Thorpe and the co-defendants arise from an alleged attempt to have Scott killed. An airline pilot, identified as Andrew Newton, was purportedly hired to carry out the act but failed to do so, instead accidentally shooting Scott's Great Dane in October 1975. Transcripts of taped conversations involving some of the accused were presented in court, displaying interactions that raised further questions about the plot. One conversation was reportedly between Newton and David Holmes, a banker and one of the co-defendants. They discussed media inquiries and potential police interviews, with Holmes expressing concern over the implications of their conversations. Another recording implicated John le Mesurier, a carpet dealer, in the payment of £5,000 to Newton, indicating a conspiracy to silence Scott. A witness, Colin Lambert, a former soldier, testified that le Mesurier had confessed to him about the pay-off for the attempted murder, further complicating the case against Thorpe and his associates. Lambert denounced any involvement in violence, asserting his innocence and distancing himself from the actions of others involved in the conspiracy. The court continued to deliberate on whether Thorpe and his co-defendants should stand trial for the conspiracy charges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781208_2_49_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781208.2.49.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281876400
4882,09,12,1978,"Thorpe Told Policeman: I Am Totally Innocent (Press, 9 December 1978)","On 9 December 1978, court proceedings continued concerning Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, who faced serious accusations related to an alleged plot to murder his former lover, Norman Scott. Chief Superintendent Mike Chapes testified that he arrested Thorpe on 4 August 1978, and Thorpe energetically proclaimed his innocence, asserting, ""I am totally innocent."" He indicated intentions to defend himself vigorously against the allegations, which included accusations of a homosexual affair with Scott in the early 1960s. Chapes read a comprehensive statement from Thorpe, which had been made two months prior to his arrest. In this statement, Thorpe denied any homosexual relationship with Scott, acknowledging only that he had met him in 1961 when Scott, in a suicidal and unbalanced state, sought help. Thorpe characterised his actions as compassionate, claiming that his kindness was reciprocated with resentment from Scott. Thorpe’s statement also tackled previous testimonies from Scott, who had accused Thorpe of seducing him, leaving him emotionally distressed. The statement detailed Thorpe's concerns about Scott becoming overly dependent, leading him to facilitate a stay with a family that ultimately asked Scott to leave due to disruptive behaviour. Thorpe mentioned attempts to assist Scott in securing compensation for a supposed plane crash that had supposedly killed his father, later discovering that Scott had lied about his father's status. The court was reviewing whether Thorpe, along with co-defendants, would proceed to trial on conspiracy to murder charges. The prosecution alleged that Andrew Newton, an airline pilot, had been hired to kill Scott but failed, accidentally shooting Scott's dog instead. During the previous year, Thorpe had successfully retained his parliamentary seat with an increased majority, despite the knowledge of the Scott allegations circulating in the press. Thorpe’s statement addressed various financial transactions involving Jack Hayward, a Liberal Party benefactor. The prosecution suggested that Hayward's funds were used to pay off the alleged hitman. However, Thorpe rejected any claims of knowledge or approval regarding any payments to Newton and insisted that Hayward's financial contributions were earmarked as a reserve for future election expenses. Thorpe expressed concerns over being the target of a conspiracy and indicated a belief that individuals had manipulated their narratives in light of emerging facts. The court learned that the weapon used in the attempted shooting was nearly a century old, a detail that brought additional intrigue to the case. As the Crown concluded its evidence, the court adjourned, with the defence expected to present its case on Monday, potentially arguing that there was insufficient evidence to proceed to trial. Throughout the proceedings, Thorpe exhibited a calm demeanor in court, wherein he faced significant public scrutiny and media attention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781209_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781209.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,281962800
4883,12,12,1978,"Committee Cool To ‘pornography’ Call (Press, 12 December 1978)","On 12 December 1978, a group of moral advocates from the Christchurch Integrity Centre approached the Waimairi County Council's finance and by-laws committee to express their concerns over the sale of what they deemed “pornographic” literature within the county. The group, consisting of ten members, sought the committee's support in taking action against the availability of such materials, including a request to restrict or vet the sale of indecent literature and to deploy health inspectors to ensure compliance with laws regarding the sale of ""girlie"" magazines. The reception from the committee was largely non-committal. They were informed that the council lacked the financial resources and statutory authority to enforce such measures, emphasising that it was ultimately a police matter. While the committee did show a willingness to support initiatives for promoting family recreation on Sundays, most members, with the exception of Councillor W. H. Rice, refrained from engaging with the other issues raised by the deputation. Councillor Rice suggested that local bodies across Canterbury could gather to discuss establishing some form of control over pornography, yet the County Chairman, Mr D. B. Rich, maintained that this issue fell outside the purview of local government responsibilities. During the discussion, members of the deputation shared personal accounts of how exposure to pornography had negatively impacted their lives. One speaker went as far as to describe how it led him into infidelity and made him confront serious questions about his sexuality. In addition to the discussion on pornography, the committee also examined reports related to Visa cards issued by the Bank of New Zealand. Councillor Rice proposed a public inquiry into the situation, indicating concerns that the introduction of these cards could exacerbate New Zealand's balance-of-payments deficit by up to NZ$2 million. He raised issues about what he deemed unethical distribution practices by the bank and cautioned that retailers would face significant costs associated with the use of Visa cards. Unlike Rice, the County Clerk, Mr J. Reid, recommended a ""wait-and-see"" approach, suggesting that the council defer any inquiry until the Commerce Commission potentially initiated its investigation. The meeting demonstrates a clash of priorities, where moral advocacy around pornography encounters the practical limitations and jurisdictional boundaries of local governance. The responses highlight the challenges faced by community groups seeking to influence policy on sensitive issues while navigating bureaucratic processes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781212_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781212.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282222000
4064,12,12,1978,"Homosexuals Seek Rights (Press, 12 December 1978)","On 12 December 1978, Mr Gavin Young, a spokesperson for Wellington Gay Liberation, expressed concern over the lack of recognition for the rights of homosexuals in New Zealand, especially in light of Human Rights Day being observed on December 10. He highlighted the irony of celebrating human rights while the rights of approximately 150,000 homosexual individuals in the country were largely ignored. Young emphasised that Gay Liberation is dedicated to advocating for the human rights of all gay individuals in New Zealand, aiming for a society where sexual orientation, gender, or ethnicity would not matter, and where the need for such advocacy would eventually become obsolete. Young's organisation urged Parliament and the Human Rights Commission to eliminate existing anti-homosexual laws to safeguard the rights of gay individuals. Their goal was to foster a greater understanding that homosexuals are human beings deserving of the same rights as everyone else. He insisted that gay rights should not be viewed as excessive demands but rather as fundamental human rights that should be recognised and protected within New Zealand’s legal framework. This call to action highlights the ongoing struggle for equality and recognition within the LGBTQ+ community during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781212_2_181.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781212.2.181,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282222000
4884,13,12,1978,"Case Against Thorpe Rests On Word Of Liars —... (Press, 13 December 1978)","The legal proceedings against British politician Jeremy Thorpe, former leader of the Liberal Party, are centring around allegations that he plotted to murder Norman Scott, a man with whom he allegedly had a homosexual relationship. Thorpe, aged 49, denies the charges of conspiracy to murder and incitement to murder, which are largely based on the testimonies of two key witnesses: Andrew Newton and Peter Bessell. During a court hearing in Minehead, Thorpe’s lawyer, Sir David Napley, argued that the case should be dismissed, labelling the evidence as unreliable and questionable. Sir David referred to Newton, an airline pilot who admits to having shot Scott's dog in 1975, as a ""tainted and polluted"" source, accusing him of being a self-confessed liar motivated by greed. Newton claims he was hired for £10,000 to kill Scott but argues he botched the assignment. Sir David dismissed Scott as mentally unstable, comparing him to individuals in mental institutions who might make improbable claims. He claimed Scott has a history of making accusations against various people, implying his lack of credibility in this case. Bessell, a former member of Parliament who flew from California to testify, was also strongly criticised by Sir David, who described him as dishonest and motivated by financial gain from potential media deals. The lawyer asserted that this type of ""chequebook journalism"" undermines the integrity of the judicial process and creates an unfair trial environment. He raised concerns that both Bessell and Newton had substantial financial incentives to provide testimony against Thorpe, with the potential for large sums from book deals or payments from media outlets. Sir David highlighted the significant issue of the magistrates’ ability to fairly judge such a complicated case, questioning whether lay magistrates, untrained in law, could adequately assess the evidence's weight and complexity. He objected to the additional charge Thorpe faced, suggesting it indicated a lack of evidence for the main conspiracy charge and furthered the notion that the Crown was desperate for a conviction. Another defence lawyer, Gareth Williams, representing one of the other defendants, sought to downplay the conspiracy charge as well, arguing there was only an intent to intimidate rather than commit murder. He suggested that the evidence relied heavily on the unreliable testimony of Newton, whose motivations were questionable. The magistrates are tasked with deciding if the case should proceed to trial. As these legal arguments were presented, Thorpe appeared calm and attentive while his wife and mother watched closely from the gallery. The case, being described as “the court case of the century” in Britain, has drawn significant public interest and scrutiny, highlighting the potential conflicts between media sensationalism and the fair administration of justice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781213_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781213.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282308400
7307,13,12,1978,"Public Servant Risks Dismissal (Press, 13 December 1978)","A Christchurch public servant, Mr Michael Waghorne, faces potential dismissal following the public release of his private correspondence with former Minister of Social Welfare, Mr H. J. Walker. Waghorne, who works as an assistant management services officer with the Health Department, has been asked to respond to charges laid under the State Services Act of 1962 by a deadline of Saturday. The department claims that Waghorne expressed personal views in an interview with the Wellington ""Evening Post,"" which included comments suggesting that the Minister of Health, Mr Gill, was his employer. The controversy stems from a telegram Waghorne sent to Walker after the latter lost his Papanui seat in the General Election. The telegram, made public by Walker, contained the message: “May I sincerely wish you the most reviled and unhappy retirement ever experienced by a New Zealand politician.” Walker justified releasing the telegram to illustrate why he referred an earlier letter from Waghorne to Mr Gill. He indicated that Waghorne faced reprimand for this behaviour and remarked that Waghorne's political leanings were well known in Christchurch. In the same interview with the ""Evening Post,"" Waghorne expressed satisfaction at Walker's departure from office, branding him as “a danger to democracy.” He added that any politician using their powers to silence opponents should be removed from the political scene. The roots of the conflict appear to date back to August 1977 when Waghorne, alongside two others, conducted an abortion survey in Papanui and other electorates. The results were dismissed as “rubbish” by Walker when questioned by Radio Avon, prompting Waghorne to confront Walker over the suggestion that they had ""cooked"" the results or were being dishonest. After receiving no response to initial inquiries, Waghorne sent a follow-up letter, to which Walker replied only after receiving a more courteously phrased request and subsequently forwarded Waghorne’s concerns to Mr Gill. Waghorne also identified himself as the secretary of the National Gay Rights Coalition of New Zealand, implying that this may have contributed to the perception of his political stance. The charges against him could lead to various outcomes, including dismissal, caution, reprimand, a fine, a salary cut, or transfer, depending on the findings of an inquiry potentially set up by the State Services Commission. Neither Waghorne nor the Public Service Association has provided comments regarding the ongoing situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781213_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781213.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282308400
4885,14,12,1978,"Thorpe For Trial (Press, 14 December 1978)","On 14 December 1978, the Minehead Magistrate's Court in England committed Jeremy Thorpe, a prominent Liberal politician and former leader of the Liberal Party, for trial on serious charges related to an alleged conspiracy to murder his former homosexual lover, Norman Scott. Thorpe, who is 49 years old, along with three co-accused, is facing charges that date back to a timeframe between 1 October 1968 and 1 November 1977, during which the alleged conspiracy took place in Devon and other locations. The co-defendants include David Holmes, a 48-year-old merchant banker and former deputy treasurer of the Liberal Party, along with two businessmen from South Wales, John Le Mesurier, aged 45, and George Deakin, aged 45. All four men have pleaded not guilty to the charges laid against them. In addition to the conspiracy charges, Thorpe has also been charged with inciting Holmes to murder Scott. Jeremy Thorpe has publicly denied having a homosexual relationship with Norman Scott, who is identified as a former male model. The legal proceedings are set to move forward as the court prepares for a trial by judge and jury. These developments mark a significant step in a case that has drawn considerable media attention due to the high-profile nature of Thorpe's political career and the serious nature of the allegations against him and his co-accused.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781214_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781214.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282394800
4886,16,12,1978,"""Pornographic"" Literature (Press, 16 December 1978)","On 16 December 1978, a letter to the editor from Paul Maling responded to a report published on 12 December about the impact of pornography on individuals' sexual behaviour. Maling referenced a man's statement claiming that pornography had led him to adultery and had put him “on the brink of homosexuality.” He expressed disdain for adultery, highlighting a personal experience of a supposedly “pious” and “religious” man who chose to commit adultery and break up a family instead of accepting a homosexual outlet for his sexual desires. Maling suggested that suitable pornography might have offered a more prudent alternative for this individual. He quoted Max Beerbohm, stating that while one can physically manipulate a sheep, transforming someone into a genuine human being is not possible through coercion. He warned against using religious, social, or political pressures to force individuals into accepting external definitions of their identity, suggesting this could lead to a loss of personal integrity. Maling concluded by asserting that such brainwashing results in a person who may appear to conform but lacks true individuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781216_2_120_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781216.2.120.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282567600
6888,18,12,1978,"The Pink Sunshine Of Comic Delights (Press, 18 December 1978)","On 18 December 1978, a review highlighted two notable comedies currently making waves in cinema: ""Revenge of the Pink Panther"" featuring Peter Sellers and George Burns in ""The Sunshine Boys."" The review begins by recognizing the extravagant humour and performances delivered by both films, marking them as delightful comedies. ""Revenge of the Pink Panther"" sees the return of the beloved Inspector Clouseau character, played by Sellers, who has been a staple since 1963. The review notes that despite the longevity of the character, the fresh take on comedy keeps audiences engaged and laughing. This resurgence is attributed to the audacity and creativity of director Blake Edwards, who expertly employs sight gags and slapstick humour to maintain momentum in the film. It is remarked that the Clouseau character has become so familiar that viewers find themselves laughing even before any antics take place. The film features Clouseau's comical misadventures, including surviving multiple assassination attempts and interacting with quirky characters like his loyal manservant Cato. The plot is energetic, characterised by relentless comedic sequences that keep the audience entertained throughout. In contrast, ""The Sunshine Boys,"" directed by Herbert Ross, follows the story of two ageing vaudeville stars, portrayed by Burns and Walter Matthau. The review depicts Matthau's character as struggling with his long-time partner Burns, highlighting the tension between the two. Matthau's performance oscillates between comedy and the audible frustrations of an aging performer, adding depth to the humour. The screenplay by Neil Simon is praised for its quality, enhancing the film's comedic effect through its clever dialogue and relatable scenarios. The dynamic between Burns and Matthau drives the comedy forward, showcasing their contrasting personalities and their shared history. The review points out the captivating sight of the two old men attempting to arrange furniture to recall an old sketch, underscoring the film's clever direction and character depth. In summary, both films are recognised as standout comedies that showcase exceptional performances from their leading actors. With ""Revenge of the Pink Panther"" providing a mix of slapstick humour and enduring character appeal, and ""The Sunshine Boys"" delivering a more poignant comedy grounded in character relationships, audiences are treated to a delightful cinematic experience. Both films are celebrated for their ability to engage and entertain, reaffirming the significance of comedy in cinema.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781218_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781218.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282740400
4888,19,12,1978,"Anti-plastic Reaction Prompts New Art Shop — ‘a... (Press, 19 December 1978)","Simon Morley has opened a new art shop called the Lekker Gallery on New Regent Street in Christchurch, following his experience in the Fujnaut gallery in Amsterdam. The name ""Lekker"" means ""delicious"" or ""pleasant"" in Dutch, reflecting Morley's aesthetic focus. Previously a theatre performer with a bet-driven stage career, Morley returned to Christchurch after studying law and English at university and travelling in Europe. He aims to feature local artists and offer a variety of ornamental and functional art until it can pay its bills. Morley believes there is a limited audience for art in Christchurch, but hopes to create a stylish shopping space. Despite the conservative attitudes towards space utilisation in the city, Morley envisions a potential for pedestrian-friendly environments, suggesting that areas should be closed off from traffic to enhance shopping experiences. Amidst his efforts, he acknowledges that the gallery might not become financially profitable and assures that the shop is more about expressing his vision than making money. He interacts playfully with customers, some of whom seem puzzled or critical, especially concerning certain artworks that depict male nudity. Morley reflects on the cautious approach many New Zealanders take towards art, viewing it as an isolated investment rather than a part of day-to-day life. Many customers express concern about the pricing of art pieces, often focusing heavily on their size and resale value, rather than their intrinsic value or emotional connection. This trend frustrates Morley, who prefers a more casual integration of art into personal spaces. Morley also experiences a few controversial moments, such as a complaint from a woman about the nudity in the figures displayed, which led to police involvement. It was suggested that her claim involved a misunderstanding, due to her being slightly short-sighted. Overall, while Morley aims to create a welcoming artistic environment, he encounters mixed reactions from the public, highlighting the ongoing challenges of changing perceptions about art and its place within everyday life in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781219_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781219.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282826800
4887,19,12,1978,"Fined For Loitering (Press, 19 December 1978)","On 19 December 1978, Neville Robert Tilsley, a 27-year-old part-time student, was found guilty of loitering in the toilets of Sydenham Park with felonious intent. The offence occurred on 5 September of the same year. During the court proceedings, presided over by Mr A. Palmer, S.M., Tilsley was fined $240 and ordered to pay court costs of $10. Initially, Tilsley had pleaded guilty to the charge based on his counsel's advice, but he changed his plea to not guilty on the day of the trial. The evidence presented included testimony from Detective W. M. Haussmann, who had stopped at the park to relieve himself when he discovered Tilsley in the toilets. The detective observed Tilsley emerge from the toilets twice within a thirty-minute timeframe, prompting him to investigate further. When he approached Tilsley during the second visit, Tilsley allegedly remarked, ""I think you know, it’s what you think,"" suggesting an awareness of the situation's implications. Following the incident, Tilsley was taken to Central Police Station for questioning. Constable B. G. Burrows testified that Tilsley identified himself as a homosexual during the interview. However, this admission was later denied by Tilsley in court. He contended that he had extended his stay in the toilets out of curiosity after noticing someone peering over the partition of one toilet cubicle into another. Tilsley's counsel, Mr M. J. Glue, argued that his client had refused to sign the police statement concerning the events, claiming it misrepresented the situation. The prosecution posed questions regarding Tilsley's past sexual encounters with men, to which Tilsley admitted that he had engaged in sexual acts. In defence of his client, Mr Glue highlighted Tilsley’s employment history with the Justice Department in Auckland and Timaru, asserting that his client would not pose a similar offence in the future. Despite Tilsley's request for suppression of his name, Magistrate Palmer ruled against it, stating that the public had the right to be informed about individuals like Tilsley. The case reflected the social attitudes towards homosexuality and public conduct during the late 1970s in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781219_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781219.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282826800
7322,21,12,1978,"Man ‘told Fibs’ About Camera (Press, 21 December 1978)","In a case heard at the Magistrate’s Court on 20 December 1978, Robin Duff, a 31-year-old post-primary teacher and Values Party candidate for Christchurch Central, was convicted of defrauding the Customs Department by failing to declare a camera purchased duty-free. Duff was fined $200 and forfeited the camera, worth $554, which would have incurred a duty and sales tax of $13 if declared. The incident occurred when Duff returned to Christchurch on 5 September 1978 after a 17-day trip to Australia. Upon arrival, Customs officer Steven Collier warned him that all duty-free goods must be declared. During a baggage search, Customs officer Patrick John Barber discovered a sealed pamphlet regarding a camera. Initially, Duff claimed the camera was bought retail from a Christchurch shop two months prior. However, when Barber indicated the camera would be detained for proof, Duff admitted to having ""told fibs"" and revealed that he had indeed purchased the camera duty-free for $220 before his departure. Barber noted that Duff was friendly and calm but appeared confused about Customs regulations. In further testimony, Gary Wood, a senior Customs officer, recounted discussing the camera with Duff, who mistakenly considered it part of his personal effects and thought it did not need to be declared. Duff stated that previous experiences with Customs had left him feeling ""done over"" and that he did not intend to deceive. Duff elaborated that he felt pressured and upset upon re-entry and had ""fibbed"" about the camera details under stress. He maintained that he could not plead guilty to smuggling, as that would imply intent to deceive, which he denied. In a related case, a 22-year-old farmer, Thomas Ian Groundwater, faced similar charges. He was fined $150 and forfeited his camera as well.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781221_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781221.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,282999600
7730,26,12,1978,"Broadcast Of Human Rights Contest (Press, 26 December 1978)","On 26 December 1978, a letter to the editor from H. Nihoniho raised concerns about a recent broadcast by Radio New Zealand that featured prize-winning entries from a human rights competition for secondary school students. The letter questioned a range of issues including whether the programmes were developed during school hours, if they had received approval from the Education Department, and the appropriateness of fourth formers using the media to advocate for gay rights in light of discussions surrounding the Johnson Report. Nihoniho also sought clarity on the source of the prize money, who authorised the distribution of the broadcast cassettes to schools, and the extent of Radio New Zealand’s involvement with the education system, insisting the public had a right to know the answers. In response, Mr G. Whitehead, the Director General of Radio New Zealand, clarified the role of the organisation in the human rights award initiative. He explained that for two consecutive years, secondary school students have been invited to create radio programmes as part of an observance for Human Rights Day, with the prize-winning entries produced in collaboration with Radio New Zealand. The students receive a cash prize, and the initiative aims to allow them to produce radio content with minimal professional assistance, illustrating the concept of 'access' radio. Whitehead emphasised that the participation of schools in this competition is determined by individual principals and teachers, indicating that it is up to them how to engage with the themes chosen by students. He noted a vital principle of access broadcasting is that material presented is altered as little as possible. Furthermore, he explained that Radio New Zealand has an arrangement with the National Film Library to archive educational broadcasts with ongoing relevance, although the library retains the right to refuse specific programmes. The response also highlighted the quality of the winning programme, commending the thorough research, mature handling of topics, and sincerity shown by the young producers. However, Whitehead pointed out that some of the concerns raised by Nihoniho related more appropriately to the Department of Education rather than Radio New Zealand, suggesting that the broader questions about educational policy and approval must be directed elsewhere.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781226_2_106_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781226.2.106.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,283431600
7653,28,12,1978,"Mass Sex-murders Toll Rises Horrifically (Press, 28 December 1978)","On 27 December 1978, Chicago police reported an alarming discovery beneath the house of a former convict, John Wayne Gacy, prompting fears of one of the largest mass sex murder cases in American history. So far, authorities have unearthed nine bodies, with Gacy, a 36-year-old building contractor, facing charges for at least one murder. During investigations, Gacy claimed he had sexually assaulted and strangled 32 young men over a three-year period. Dr Robert Stein, the Cook County Medical Examiner, remarked that the case could signify one of the most dreadful crimes of the century, as he oversaw the exhumation of remains from Gacy's home in a suburban area of Chicago. Gacy, who has a history that includes two divorces and a past conviction for sodomy, confessed to burying 26 victims under his residence located in north-western Norridge, just outside the city limits of Chicago. He also indicated that he had disposed of some bodies in nearby rivers and lakes. The initial search resulted in the discovery of five bodies the previous week, and a further four were located the following day. In response to this shocking revelation, the police have begun to review files of missing individuals and have received an overwhelming number of inquiries—ranging from the United States to as far away as Britain and Australia—concerned parents hoping to locate sons who had vanished. One police official noted that they received numerous calls, estimating around 50 to 60 within just the first few hours of the investigation. Following his confession and the escalating concern over his wellbeing, Gacy was moved to a prison hospital for medical examination after his attorney reported that he was experiencing heart problems. As investigations progressed, the authorities continued to gather evidence and contacted families of young men who had been reported missing, intensifying the search for potential victims linked to Gacy's admissions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781228_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781228.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,283604400
4889,30,12,1978,"Murder Toll Up To 21 (Press, 30 December 1978)","On 30 December 1978, the death toll related to a suspected sex murderer in Chicago rose to 21 after six more bodies were discovered, intensifying a harrowing investigation. The alleged perpetrator, John Gacy, a 36-year-old building contractor and admitted homosexual, was scheduled to appear in court to face formal murder charges. Gacy had confessed to sexually molesting and strangling 32 young men and had buried 26 of them under his suburban Chicago home. The grim discovery of the bodies left police officers visibly distressed, contending with the unpleasant conditions and the shocking nature of the crime scene. This marked the fifth day of a search that began when Gacy was arrested the previous week. To assist in locating the bodies, investigators were utilising a rough map drawn by Gacy that outlined burial sites. There were also reports regarding Gacy's mental state while in custody. Following an incident in which he allegedly tried to commit suicide in his isolation cell—by crawling under his bed and attempting to strangle himself with a towel—prison officials confirmed that he was instead acting out rather than genuinely attempting to end his life. Gacy was moved to the psychiatric section of the hospital afterward and was restrained to his bed with leather straps for safety. Gacy's behaviour in prison raised concerns that he might fear for his safety among other inmates, as child molestation is often condemned within the prison environment. Jail officials acknowledged that Gacy had been reporting various ailments, seemingly in an effort to remain in the hospital instead of being transferred to a general cell block, where he might be at greater risk. Overall, the case exposed a disturbing pattern of violence against young victims and highlighted issues surrounding prison dynamics, particularly regarding the treatment of inmates charged with sex crimes. As the investigation unfolded, it was expected that more bodies could still be uncovered, adding to the already horrifying count associated with Gacy's alleged activities. The tragic findings and the details emerging about Gacy's past only deepened the shock and horror felt by the community and law enforcement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19781230_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19781230.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,283777200
4890,03,01,1979,"Police Hunt For Accomplice In Mass Murder (Press, 3 January 1979)","The Chicago police are intensifying their investigation into John Gacy, a suspect in one of the most shocking mass murder cases in US history. Gacy, a 36-year-old twice-divorced man and self-proclaimed homosexual, has confessed to strangling 32 boys and young men over the past four years after sexually assaulting them. The authorities have uncovered 27 bodies buried in Gacy's suburban home in Norridge, Illinois, and two additional corpses found in the Des Plaines River during the past three months. Concerns arise among investigators about Gacy being able to carry out these murders alone. They suspect the involvement of possible accomplices—likely individuals from the homosexual community—or reluctant witnesses who may have seen the crimes. Consequently, police are focusing their inquiries around Chicago's north-side bars, where Gacy previously frequented to meet young men. They have already interrogated several male prostitutes and are particularly eager to speak with a former employee of Gacy's construction business. In a disturbing testimony, a survivor named Jeff Rignall recounted his horrific experience with Gacy. Rignall claimed that Gacy had abducted him under the pretext of smoking marijuana, then chloroformed him and took him to his home. There, he was subjected to sexual violence while constrained on a rack. Rignall noted that he observed lights in other rooms during his ordeal, leading him to believe that someone else may have been present. He has successfully pursued an out-of-court settlement from Gacy for the trauma he suffered. The police have broadened their investigation to neighbouring states—Indiana, Iowa, and Wisconsin—where they are examining potential additional victims. They are looking into a murder case from December 1977 involving a 13-year-old boy who was sexually assaulted and murdered near Twin Lakes, Wisconsin, a location where Gacy was reportedly active at that time. One of the first bodies unearthed at Gacy's residence has been positively identified as that of John Butkovich, an 18-year-old who disappeared in 1975 after visiting Gacy about money he was owed. Authorities anticipate charging Gacy with Butkovich's murder in the near future. Currently, Gacy faces only one formal murder charge related to the disappearance of 15-year-old Robert Piest, who vanished on 15 December 1978 after telling others he was going to meet Gacy regarding a summer job. As of now, Piest's body has yet to be discovered, with Gacy alleging he disposed of it in a river. Gacy was scheduled to appear in court for an initial murder charge on the previous Friday, but authorities opted against moving him from his isolated cell in a prison hospital due to concerns for his safety. The investigation continues, aiming to bring clarity to the multiple unexplained disappearances linked to Gacy's unsettling history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790103_2_58_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790103.2.58.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,284122800
7654,06,01,1979,"Police Have All Bodies—gacy (Press, 6 January 1979)","John Gacy, a 36-year-old contractor from suburban Chicago, is at the center of a chilling murder investigation that could be the largest mass murder case in the United States this century. According to reports from the ""Chicago Tribune"" on 6 January 1979, Gacy confessed to sexually molesting and murdering 32 young men and boys. His confessions came on December 21, 1978, when he stated that 27 of the victims were buried at his home, while the remaining five bodies were disposed of in the Des Plaines River. Authorities are currently working to identify the skeletal remains uncovered from Gacy's property and the river. As of the latest reports, four of the 27 bodies have been identified, and Gacy has been cooperative in assisting with these identifications. An investigator quoted in the ""Tribune"" indicated that this meeting aimed to gather more information on the victims' identities. In addition to his admissions, Gacy reportedly expressed that fear of retaliation and potential extortion were his motivations for the alleged crimes. The “Chicago Sun-Times” highlighted that Gacy claimed all of his victims were consensual sexual partners. The investigation has led police to receive numerous reports from young men who have alleged that they were abducted and raped by Gacy but managed to survive. Further investigations revealed that all 32 alleged victims were believed to have been killed at Gacy's home. The bodies disposed of in the river were said to have been moved there due to overcrowding in the crawl space beneath his house. Most of Gacy's victims were in their upper teens. John Wayne Gacy, previously convicted of sodomy in 1968, now faces murder charges, including the killing of 15-year-old Robert Piest, whose body remains missing. Gacy reportedly told investigators that he had thrown Piest's body into the river. The unfolding case continues to draw public attention as investigators unravel the extent of Gacy's alleged crimes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790106_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790106.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,284382000
7330,09,01,1979,"State Withdraws Charges (Press, 9 January 1979)","On 9 January 1979, the State Services Commission announced it had withdrawn charges against Mr Michael Waghorne, a public servant from Christchurch, under the State Services Act. The charges stemmed from comments attributed to Mr Waghorne in an interview published in the ""Evening Post"" concerning the former Minister of Social Welfare, Mr Walker. Had the charges been proved, Mr Waghorne faced potential disciplinary measures, including dismissal. The case was then referred to the Public Service Association for oversight. However, the withdrawal of the charges was prompted by Mr Waghorne's notice of resignation, which he stated he had submitted prior to the charges being brought forth. He clarified that his resignation was not related to the controversy from the interview or a telegram he sent to Mr Walker, in which he wished the former minister a ""reviled and unhappy"" retirement. Mr Waghorne is set to leave the Health Department on 2 February 1979, planning to relocate to Wellington for personal reasons.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790109_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790109.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,284641200
7655,23,01,1979,"Secret Service Under Fire (Press, 23 January 1979)","The United States Secret Service has faced criticism following a report by the ""Chicago Sun-Times"" indicating that First Lady Rosalynn Carter met with John Gacy at a private reception in 1978. Gacy, who has been charged with the murders of seven young males and is alleged to have confessed to 32 killings, was photographed shaking hands with Mrs Carter at the event. The meeting occurred during a Polish Constitution Day celebration, a context within which Mrs Carter was engaging with local Democrats as part of an initiative to strengthen relations during her husband President Jimmy Carter’s administration. The article, authored by columnists Art Petacque and Hugh Hough, featured a photograph of Mrs Carter alongside Gacy, who was also identified as a precinct-level political worker. Notably, Gacy's jacket bore an emblem suggesting Secret Service clearance, prompting concerns about the agency's procedures. Mary Finch Hoyt, Mrs Carter’s news secretary, described the encounter as an ""unusual coincidence"" and insisted that Mrs Carter had no prior knowledge of Gacy's criminal background, emphasizing that it was common for her to meet event organisers afterwards and have photos taken. In response to the fallout from the article, Jack Warner, assistant director of the Secret Service, confirmed the agency was investigating the incident, although the Chicago office declined to comment further. A signed photograph from Mrs Carter to Gacy, dated May 6, is referenced in the report, raising questions about the security protocols during the reception. The incident has heightened scrutiny of the Secret Service's operational oversight in the wake of Gacy's notoriety as a serial killer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790123_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790123.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,285850800
7347,25,01,1979,"Move To Preventive Work (Press, 25 January 1979)","On 25 January 1979, the triennial conference of the Australian and New Zealand Student Services Association is underway, with a strong focus on preventive health measures for students. Dr Bryan Furnass, the association’s president and director of the health centre at the Australian National University, outlines the two primary themes being discussed. The first theme centres on enhancing preventive strategies rather than simply addressing health issues after they arise. Dr Furnass highlights that major health concerns, such as lung cancer, heart disease, and road accidents, are closely linked to lifestyle choices. The second theme revolves around the impact of family life on students' well-being. Dr Furnass explains that issues such as bereavements and broken marriages can severely affect students' performance academically. A significant part of the discussions at the conference will focus on how counsellors and health professionals can better support students dealing with personal crises. Additionally, the rise in student unemployment and its associated stresses is a key topic at the gathering. Dr Furnass describes the ""unemployment syndrome,"" which results from the repeated disappointments of job hunting. He warns that this can have detrimental effects on mental health, potentially leading to substance abuse and social withdrawal. The conference has attracted over 150 attendees, including delegates from the United States, Britain, and Japan. Among the highlights is a speech from the controversial Auckland priest, Rev. Felix Donnelly, who will address the topic of ""the disease of self-rejection."" The conference aims to explore these pressing issues related to student health and to develop more effective support systems for students facing various challenges. The event commenced on Monday and will conclude on Friday.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790125_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790125.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,286023600
7656,27,01,1979,"Ice Statue Too Hot To Handle (Press, 27 January 1979)","In January 1979, controversy erupted at the winter carnival in Stowe, Vermont, over a provocative ice sculpture titled ""Moonlight In Vermont."" Designed by employees of the local Yodel Motel, the sculpture features a naked young man shown from behind, which drew significant backlash from the community. Carnival president Vincent Buananno announced that the sculpture would not be included in the snow sculpture contest due to the complaints raised by town residents, prompting officials to drape the statue and label it with a “censored” sign. The reaction was notably voiced by the Rev. Marcus Hall, an Episcopal minister, who condemned the sculpture as immoral, suggesting it reflected poorly on Stowe by implying it was a hub for immoral behaviour, describing it as proclaiming the town to be the ""sodomy capital of the East."" The motel owner, Paige Kier, expressed her shock at the scale of the community's disdain, asserting that the original purpose of the sculpture was to generate smiles rather than offence. To appease the townsfolk, Kier attempted to amend the situation by adding an ice dog to the sculpture, mimicking a popular suntan lotion advertisement featuring a young girl and a dog. Despite these efforts, the response from the community did not improve, leading to the decision to drape the sculpture entirely. The incident highlighted the tension between artistic expression and local sensibilities within the typically festive environment of the winter carnival.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790127_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790127.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,286196400
6520,08,02,1979,"N.z. Lags In Work On Xyy Men (Press, 8 February 1979)","On 8 February 1979, a report highlighted that New Zealand may have up to 4,000 men with an extra Y chromosome, akin to the character portrayed in the television series ""XYY Man."" Dr P. P. E. Savage, the medical superintendent at Oakley Hospital, indicated that while international studies suggest many XYY individuals are found in prisons or mental institutions, New Zealand lacks the necessary specialised testing equipment to identify these individuals. Research has shown that classic XYY men tend to exhibit characteristics such as being tall, muscular, balding, and ill-tempered, along with a narrow pelvis, low intellect, and acne issues. According to Dr Savage, these traits, coupled with an unstable environment, increase the likelihood of criminal behaviour, as the presence of the extra Y chromosome affects masculinity levels. The syndrome gained widespread attention when ""XYY Man"" was aired in Britain and later in New Zealand, portraying a burglar whose genetic anomaly predisposed him to crime. The condition was first recognised in 1961, and researchers noted a connection between the extra chromosome and antisocial behaviour within five years. Studies from British, American, and Canadian researchers indicated that approximately two to three in every 1,000 men are born with this genetic variation. Notably, certain maximum-security mental hospitals in England reported that nearly 25 per cent of their male patients were XYYs, while similar investigations in the USA and Britain noted that one in twenty male patients in maximum-security settings also exhibited this chromosome. In New Zealand, however, the identification of XYY individuals has been rare, primarily due to the time-consuming nature of genetic testing processes, which can take up to three days to yield results. Most testing in New Zealand focuses on abnormal births or legal determinations of sex in specific cases, such as those involving transsexuals. Dr Savage has called for the New Zealand government to acquire laser scanning technology used overseas to expedite the detection of XYY men. He believes investing in this research could enhance the understanding of criminal behaviour associated with this chromosome variant, potentially enabling predictions of future behaviour that psychiatrist and medical researchers have long sought to achieve. This area of study, he argues, is crucial for ongoing investigation and could lead to significant advancements in criminology and psychology within New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790208_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790208.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,287233200
4891,10,02,1979,"Youths Say Minister 'made Advances’ (Press, 10 February 1979)","On 10 February 1979, a case involving a 16-year-old accused of assaulting and robbing Austrian Foreign Minister Dr Willibald Pahr came to light in Strasbourg, France. The youth’s mother has claimed that Dr Pahr engaged in inappropriate behaviour by making homosexual advances towards her son, which she argues violated public morals and incited her son to debauchery. This complaint was directed to a senior investigating judge, although the mother’s identity has not been disclosed due to the minor status of her son. The incident reportedly occurred on the early morning of 2 February 1979 when Dr Pahr was in Strasbourg for a meeting of the Council of Europe. The accused, Ali Mezaach, aged 18, alongside another youth, was charged with assaulting Dr Pahr, robbing him of his wallet, watch, and personal documents, and leaving him unconscious on the street. The foreign minister sustained significant injuries during the assault, including damaged ribs and head injuries, and he lost four teeth. During a court hearing, Dr Pahr categorically denied the allegations put forth by the co-defendant of the accused. The court proceedings have since been adjourned until the following Tuesday, with the defendants released on bail. A decision regarding the initiation of an investigation into the mother’s allegations is pending from the investigating judge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790210_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790210.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,287406000
7348,21,02,1979,"School Threat To Self-worth, Says Priest (Press, 21 February 1979)","On 21 February 1979, Father Felix Donnelly, a social worker and senior lecturer in community health at Auckland Medical School, addressed students at Wellington Teachers’ College, discussing the failures of the education system and its potential role in contributing to juvenile delinquency. He asserted that the current education system often predisposes individuals to failure, undermining their sense of worth and success. According to Father Donnelly, failure in educational settings is a significant factor leading to delinquency, as the experience of repeated failure can have a detrimental effect on self-image and motivation. He emphasized the crucial role that teachers play in shaping children's perceptions of themselves, indicating that the influence of educators is nearly as important as that of parents. Father Donnelly pointed out a concerning trend where teachers tend to be more critical than encouraging, risking a negative impact on their students’ self-esteem. He urged future educators to provide individual attention and praise to their pupils, reinforcing the importance of recognising achievements however small. Additionally, he called for a re-evaluation of the curriculum in secondary schools. Father Donnelly noted that many first-year medical students he encountered had struggled due to the restrictive nature of their secondary education, which had overly narrowed their academic focus in anticipation of university demands. He observed that there exists a group of older teachers in secondary school who foster a pessimistic view of youth, which he found troubling. In a striking statement, Father Donnelly suggested that these teachers be retired early to prevent further negative influence on students. Overall, Father Donnelly's remarks highlighted significant concerns regarding the education system's approach to student engagement, the criticism faced by educators, and the broader implications of educational failure on youth behaviour and self-esteem.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790221_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790221.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,288356400
4893,23,02,1979,"Blasphemy Conviction Upheld By Lords (Press, 23 February 1979)","On 23 February 1979, the British House of Lords confirmed the blasphemous libel convictions against the homosexual magazine ""Gay News"" and its editor, Denis Lemon, due to the publication of a poem that depicted a Roman centurion's homosexual love for Christ. The controversial case originated in July 1977 when a jury found both Lemon and the magazine guilty of blasphemy for the poem and an accompanying illustration. This marked the first instance of blasphemous libel prosecuted in Britain in 56 years. Following the initial ruling, an Appeal Court upheld the convictions in March 1978 but decided to set aside Lemon's suspended nine-month jail sentence. Instead, Lemon was fined £500 (equivalent to $946), while ""Gay News"" was imposed with a fine of £1,000 (approximately $1,893). The House of Lords, being the highest court in the land, ultimately upheld the appeals court's decision, reaffirming the earlier convictions and penalties.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790223_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790223.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,288529200
4892,23,02,1979,"Costume Talking (Press, 23 February 1979)","In a commentary published on 23 February 1979, Russell Baker reflects on the changing way Americans communicate, noting a shift from verbal exchanges to nonverbal cues expressed through clothing, jewellery, and personal style. He recounts a specific encounter with a divorced woman whose divorce ring, a unique piece of jewellery designed to signal her marital status, epitomises this trend. The ring, resembling a wedding band but cracked, serves as an expensive symbol, with prices ranging from $300 to $350, illustrating how some individuals opt for such items to convey personal narratives without engaging in conversation. Baker contrasts contemporary social interactions with those of the past, suggesting that earlier generations, such as in the time of Henry James, engaged in more nuanced conversations that revealed personal stories. He argues that today's ""talking costumes"" facilitate a different type of communication, where clothing and accessories communicate social status, wealth, and personal history. For instance, his own Brooks Brothers suit and lack of a wedding ring conveyed to the woman that he was married yet not adventurous, highlighting the assumptions made based on attire. He explores broader social circles, including specific subcultures such as homosexual sadomasochists, who communicate their identities through distinctive styles involving leather and metal. He notes that, in New York City, wealthy men often express their affluence through their choice of footwear, with high-end brands like Gucci making a clear statement about their wealth, despite casual dress that suggests indifference to material possessions. Baker points out that clothing often serves as a shorthand for identities that are sometimes misleading or inauthentic. He laments the lack of self-awareness that many individuals feel, suggesting that the various identities people adopt can be merely façades constructed from fashion and accessories. He reflects on the hegemony of 1960s rebel fashion, which became a uniform that both defined and confused personal identities among youth during that era. The author delves into a personal struggle with identity as he finds himself drawn to expensive branded neckties without fully understanding why. He expresses a reluctance to wear clothing that communicates a desired persona, fearing that it reflects an unconscious need to assert an identity through consumerism. Baker concludes that this peculiar phenomenon may indicate a broader social trend, where individuals unwittingly become ""billboards"" for commercial brands, thus embodying what he bleakly terms ""A Great American.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790223_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790223.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,288529200
7796,27,02,1979,"Marilyn Waring Has A Mind Of Her Own — And Intends... (Press, 27 February 1979)","Marilyn Waring, the National Party Member of Parliament for Waipa, is known for her strong-willed and independent approach to her role in Parliament. In an interview, she expressed her ambivalence about her position, indicating that while she has the freedom to leave, she feels a responsibility to stay, particularly in light of the support she received from her electorate in the previous election. Waring is also acutely aware of the under-representation of women in Parliament and the need to advocate for their interests. Waring recently received unexpected news of her appointment as chair of the Public Expenditure Committee, a role she views as an opportunity to represent individual rights rather than the interests of the political system or her party. Despite acknowledging that all politicians must compromise, she holds firm on certain issues, particularly concerning the representation of women and youth in political discourse. She is critical of excessive spending in areas such as legal abortion procedures and sees her role as a chance to bring attention to issues that matter to the public. Waring is often seen as a representative for both genders on Parliamentary committees due to her youth and gender, and she fosters a strong collaborative atmosphere with other MPs. She indicates that women in Parliament often unite across party lines to support one another, contrasting this with the attitudes of some male colleagues who may dismiss their contributions. Additionally, Waring's candid remarks highlight her frustration with the male-dominated nature of Parliament, suggesting that it limits the quality of representation. She notes that the recruitment practices in Parliament do not guarantee quality candidates and raises concerns about women's reluctance to engage in politics due to its overwhelming male influence. In discussing her position, Waring expresses doubts about whether the under-representation of women can be resolved naturally over time. She compares contemporary feminist movements to historical suffragette efforts, indicating that progress has been slow since those early days. Waring argues that for real change to occur, more women must assert themselves and take active roles within the political framework, rather than simply maintaining the status quo. Looking forward, Waring is enthusiastic about the upcoming Waikato Women’s Convention, for which she is one of the co-coordinators. Her active involvement in organising this event reflects her commitment to empowering women and advocating for their increased participation in decision-making processes. As she navigates her parliamentary role, her perseverance to represent and amplify women's voices remains a significant focus of her political agenda.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790227_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790227.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,288874800
4894,21,03,1979,"Massage Law ‘too Harsh’ (Press, 21 March 1979)","Massage parlour owners and workers in New Zealand have expressed their dissatisfaction with new stringent regulations set to take effect on 1 April 1979. The regulations were established under the Massage Parlours Act, 1978, and require that all massage parlours be licensed. One owner complained that it would be nearly impossible for proprietors, regardless of whether they employed managers, to supervise their staff adequately and ensure compliance with the law. She argued that the measures appear to be a tactic aimed at eliminating massage parlours, predicting that many businesses will close due to the new regulations. A masseuse echoed these sentiments, declaring that the law is overly punitive. She highlighted the issue of disqualification based on past minor convictions, such as cannabis use, describing it as discriminatory. She questioned the fairness of losing one's job for being caught with cannabis, asserting that massage parlours serve a societal purpose by keeping certain individuals away from public parks and children. In Christchurch, there are approximately 16 to 25 massage parlours, contributing to a total of about 100 across New Zealand. Under the new regulations, individuals with any convictions for brothelkeeping, drug misuse, or prostitution in the last decade cannot obtain a licence to operate a massage parlour. Non-compliance with the licensing requirements could result in significant penalties for the proprietors, including fines up to $10,000 or three months' imprisonment. The cost of securing a massage parlour licence is $100, which includes a $20 application fee and an $80 licence fee, with additional costs for more than one premises. Moreover, the regulations stipulate that no person under the age of 18 can be employed as a massage worker and that workers with relevant convictions in the past decade are also ineligible for employment. Violating these rules can result in fines for both employees and employers. The regulatory process also necessitates that applications be submitted to the local police, who may object and trigger a court hearing. Complaints against licence holders can be lodged by anyone, with provisions for the court to dismiss cases deemed frivolous. If a complaint is upheld, the court has the authority to cancel or suspend licences, impose fines, or mandate the dismissal of workers or managers involved. There is an option for appeals to the Supreme Court regarding these decisions. The new regulatory environment has raised concerns among those in the industry about job security and the future viability of massage parlours in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790321_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790321.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,290779200
7308,31,03,1979,"P.m. Asked To Protest To Iran (Press, 31 March 1979)","In March 1979, the National Gay Rights Coalition urged New Zealand's Prime Minister, Mr Muldoon, to take a stand against the persecution of homosexuals in Iran, highlighting it as a significant international crisis for the LGBTQ+ community. The coalition's national co-ordinator, Mr R. Duff, pointed out that since the rise of Ayatollah Khomeiny's regime, 26 homosexuals had been executed, signalling an alarming trend of violence against this community. The coalition also reached out to leaders of the Labour, Social Credit, and Values parties, seeking their support for the rights of homosexuals in Iran.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790331_2_186.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790331.2.186,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,291643200
4895,02,04,1979,"Was Cook Mentally Disordered? (Press, 2 April 1979)","An English author, Richard Hough, has sparked controversy in historical circles with his latest publication, “The Murder of Captain James Cook,” where he proposes that Captain James Cook may have been suffering from brain damage during his last expedition, which ended in 1779. Hough, who previously gained attention for suggesting a homosexual relationship between Captain William Bligh and his second-in-command Fletcher Christian in his book ""Captain Bligh and Mr Christian,"" now turns his attention to Cook's navigational errors in what was his final journey. In his new work, published in March 1979, Hough examines the mistakes Cook made during the third voyage of the Resolution and the Discovery, which included routes around the Cape of Good Hope, Tasmania, New Zealand, Tonga, Tahiti, and ultimately, the Hawaiian Islands. He argues that these blunders—including lapses in seamanship that nearly crippled his ship, as well as wasting time in Tasmania and not discovering the Fiji Islands—could be attributed to a cognitive decline caused by a brain disorder. Hough highlights that Cook's death on February 14, 1779, at 50, was not just tragic but perplexing, since Cook had shown resilience and capability earlier in his career. He contrasts Cook’s prowess with that of Horatio Nelson, who achieved significant feats at similar ages despite health issues. Hough notes that Cook exhibited uncharacteristic behaviours, including periods of irritability and carelessness, suggesting these might stem from a serious degeneration of his mental faculties rather than mere fatigue or psychological issues. He emphasizes that rather than merely historical speculation, we may need to consider profound medical explanations, including potential brain diseases which could have affected Cook’s mental state and navigational skills. Hough believes that previous biographers, including New Zealander John Beaglehole, have not sufficiently addressed the possibility of a serious mental decline during Cook's last journey. Cook, prior to beginning this voyage, left Plymouth in a period of tiredness less than a year after the end of his previous expedition. Hough reflects that it is essential to delve deeper into the physical condition influencing Cook during these critical navigational decisions, asserting that understanding the pathology behind his actions might yield more insight than focusing on psychological interpretations alone.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790402_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790402.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,291816000
6889,05,04,1979,"The Courts Seaman Remanded Again On Heroin Charges (Press, 5 April 1979)","On 5 April 1979, a Magistrate's Court hearing revealed several criminal cases involving different individuals. An unemployed seaman, whose identity was temporarily suppressed, was charged with importing heroin into New Zealand, allegedly bringing the drug into the country around 9 March near Karamea. He also faced charges of using heroin on 28 November 1978 and smoking cannabis on 4 March. The police, led by Detective Sergeant R. Hardie, indicated that investigations into these matters were ongoing. The seaman was remanded in custody until 11 April, with his counsel, Mr J. Cadenhead, noting that it was premature to enter pleas regarding the charges. In a separate case, Andrew Ngawhika, a 28-year-old beneficiary, was charged with sodomy and was remanded until 1 May for deposition taking. He was granted bail set at $1,500. Ngawhika admitted to committing an indecent act involving a 15-year-old boy on 24 March, stating that a liaison had developed over the preceding two weeks. Despite the admission, Ngawhika had claimed the act was consensual and engaged in over a short period. Sergeant Hardie described Ngawhika as a transvestite. Following the admission of his guilt, he was remanded until 18 April for a probation report and sentencing. Furthermore, David Joseph Kiesanowski, a 21-year-old mechanic, faced four charges of burglary and was remanded in custody without entering pleas until 18 April. His alleged offences included breaking into various businesses: New Brighton Contractors, Ltd, between 21 December 1978 and 4 January 1979; W. L. King, Ltd, around 14 February; the McLean’s Island Golf Club on 25 February; and Merivale Hardware Ltd on 1 April. The police opposed bail in Kiesanowski's case, further emphasising the serious nature of his alleged crimes. Overall, the court proceedings highlighted ongoing criminal investigations and legal challenges faced by the defendants, including drug-related charges and serious sexual offences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790405_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790405.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,292075200
6890,07,04,1979,"Age Did Not Weary Baxter (Press, 7 April 1979)","television special featuring the ""Stanley Baxter Moving Picture Show"" broadcast by South Pacific Television on the evening of Thursday, 5 April 1979. Although the network did not disclose the age of the programme, clues were provided by Baxter himself during a sketch where he referred to a television award from 1974, indicating that the show was not recent. Regardless of its age, the performance was praised for its exceptional quality. Stanley Baxter, known for his impressive mimicry skills, once again showcased his talent. His ability to precisely mimic the voices of personalities like Maurice Chevalier and Ralph Richardson was so remarkable that listeners would struggle to distinguish between Baxter's renditions and the original performers. Furthermore, Baxter's skill extended beyond prominent figures to include less obvious targets, such as American servicemen from World War II-era Hollywood productions. However, there was a concern that some parodies were so close to the original that they diminished their comedic impact. For instance, his portrayals of ""Hudson"" and ""Mrs Bridges"" were almost indistinguishable from the performances by Gordon Jackson and Angela Baddeley, but at times, Baxter's versions surpassed the originals. The performance was not without its flaws, as certain sketches, like the one featuring Reg Varney, were criticized for being overly long. Nevertheless, these minor shortcomings were overshadowed by standout segments, such as Baxter's rendition of Chevalier's song ""I'm Glad I'm Not Alive Any More,"" and a humorous Hollywood Canteen sequence that whimsically depicted stars coaxing bewildered servicemen into an optimistic belief about imminent victories through patriotic songs—all played by Baxter himself. The special served not only as a testament to Baxter's brilliance in transvestite mimicry but also as a reminder of the unique comedic talent that Scotland contributes to the entertainment landscape. Overall, the programme was deemed memorable and reinforced the notion that when it comes to comedic talents like Baxter, his prowess surpasses that of his contemporaries, including Danny La Rue. The night was thus celebrated for its quality comedy, marking a successful episode of light-hearted entertainment on television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790407_2_88_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790407.2.88.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,292248000
4896,16,04,1979,"Officials Sink Plan For Gay Evening Of Dance (Press, 16 April 1979)","A 17-year-old boy, Paul Guilbert, faced a hostile environment at Cumberland High School in Rhode Island after he made a request to take another boy to a junior dance on 4 May. His request was met with jeers from fellow students and a refusal from school officials who stated that they would not grant him a hearing on the matter. The school maintained that the opposition was not based on homoerotic issues, but rather on the objections raised by the other boy’s father. After the public attention surrounding his request, Guilbert returned to school nervous about the potential reactions from other students. He reported that he was met with a barrage of criticism, as many students shouted at him and sought his autograph, creating an uncomfortable atmosphere for him throughout the day. Despite this backlash, Guilbert, who identifies as homosexual, expressed his determination to continue his fight for the right to attend the dance with his male companion, receiving backing from the state chapter of the National Gay Rights Task Force. The school superintendent, Robert Condon, explained that the decision to deny Guilbert a hearing was made upon the advice of the school’s attorney, James Santaniello. Condon noted that there was significant opposition to Guilbert’s request from both the student council and the overall student body, raising concerns for his safety at the event. The father of the other boy involved had formally requested that the school committee cancel the hearing related to Guilbert's request, which the school administration complied with.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790416_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790416.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,293025600
6891,19,04,1979,"The Courts 15 Months Jail For Transvestite (Press, 19 April 1979)","On 19 April 1979, Andrew Ngawhika, a 28-year-old transvestite known as “Angel”, was sentenced in the Magistrate’s Court for committing an indecent act and sodomy against a 15-year-old boy. Magistrate N. L. Bradford expressed that such offences are regarded seriously and with disgust by the community. Ngawhika received a 12-month jail sentence for indecent assault and 15 months for sodomy, with the sentences to be served concurrently. During the trial, it was revealed that Ngawhika and the boy had been living together, and the act had occurred during this time. Ngawhika claimed that the boy had wanted him to engage in the act. The defence noted that attempts had been made to discourage the boy, and that a stabbing incident involving Ngawhika and an acquaintance had precipitated the police complaint. In unrelated cases, a handbag theft incident resulted in 22-year-old Ruth Graham being convicted after snatching a handbag from a 67-year-old woman. Graham admitted to the theft, which led to further complications as her accomplice, Kenneth Geffrey Sanderman Crichton, also faced charges for aiding her in escaping arrest. The stolen handbag contained $112, which was eventually recovered. The pair were remanded on bail to 26 April for sentencing. Merryll Joy Amst, a 17-year-old, was remanded for fraud after admitting to using duplicate social welfare payment orders to gain financial advantage, claiming she had not received the original. She was granted bail of $500. In another case, 20-year-old Peter Arthur Bourke was fined $175 for stealing petrol from a parked vehicle. Bourke was found in possession of siphoned petrol when apprehended by police. His justification involved being low on petrol after drinking, along with a plea of not having siphoned it himself. A 43-year-old woman, whose identity was suppressed, received a deferred sentence for assaulting a social worker, prompted by personal stress. She was ordered to undergo psychiatric treatment. Nineteen-year-old David John Nevitt was remanded in custody after pleading guilty to burglary, involving theft of stereo equipment and cash worth $2,000, with only a canary being recovered from the crime. The Magistrate ordered him to cover compensation for the unrecovered items. Additionally, two American servicemen, Ronald Owen Carr and Andrew Richard Lust, faced drug-related charges and were remanded without plea to 26 April. Carr is accused of cultivating and possessing cannabis, while Lust faces charges for possession and distribution of cannabis. Both were granted bail ahead of their subsequent appearances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790419_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790419.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,293284800
7797,21,04,1979,"A Male Ear For Feminists (Press, 21 April 1979)","On 21 April 1979, the New Zealand Government appointed Mr McLay, the Minister of Justice, as the Cabinet spokesman on women’s affairs, raising concerns because he is not a woman. This appointment suggests that Mr McLay will primarily communicate Government policy related to women's interests, leading to the perception that he may hold significant influence over women’s affairs within the Cabinet. Despite the contention that a dedicated female voice might have been more appropriate, this move appears to acknowledge the need for specific attention to be given to issues traditionally affecting women and other disadvantaged groups. Critics argue that the requirement for a spokesman on women’s affairs itself may be unnecessary, but the appointment indicates that the Government recognises the importance of addressing these issues. It raises a critical question about the effectiveness of the appointment: which individuals should those advocating for women’s interests direct their efforts towards? The article posits that it is paramount for these advocates to engage with someone who has the ability to effect real change, rather than merely providing a platform for conversation without influence. To achieve meaningful progress, women’s advocates are encouraged to seek engagement with male members of the House and Government, as their persuasion is vital for enacting policies that will actively support women’s rights. While they have a sympathetic ear in Miss Marilyn Waring, a female member of Parliament, the article contends that this is insufficient. The real challenge is to persuade the predominantly male Cabinet to adopt a more active role in advancing women’s causes. Through Mr McLay’s position as a spokesman, there is now a renewed opportunity for advocates to communicate directly with the Cabinet and influence policy decisions that can lead to the drafting of supportive legislation, the repeal of discriminatory laws, and improvements in administrative practices for women’s affairs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790421_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790421.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,293457600
4065,21,04,1979,"Feminist Hoping Convention Effects Will Last (Press, 21 April 1979)","During Easter in 1979, the United Women’s Convention held in Hamilton served as a significant gathering for women to form groups sharing common interests and goals. An estimated 2,500 to 3,000 women attended the convention, where American feminist speaker Ms. Charlotte Bunch noted a “very high level of energy” among the participants. She expressed hope that the momentum generated at the convention would continue to flourish across New Zealand. Ms. Bunch, whose activism began with the civil rights and anti-Vietnam War movements, is the editor of the feminist quarterly “Quest.” She has extensively written and spoken on feminist theory and the lesbian feminist movement while remaining connected to the university Christian movement. Having travelled widely and edited several books on feminism, she views the women’s movement as a global political force aimed at social change. However, she realistically acknowledges that not all women will identify as feminists. Bunch highlighted the evolving nature of the feminist movement in the United States, which increasingly engages working women and homemakers. She noted that while progress has been made in shifting women’s self-perceptions and opening up alternatives, legislative advancements lag due to resistance from entrenched systems and the necessity of male cooperation. The backlash against the U.S. Supreme Court’s recent ruling on abortion shocked and united many within the movement, demonstrating the opposition faced in achieving freedom of choice, an issue Bunch regarded as fundamental. She emphasised that control over women's own bodies is essential for the movement, which includes the aspirations of the lesbian feminist community for complete self-determination. Bunch believes that this concept extends beyond reproductive rights to encompass broader autonomy over one’s mind and life choices. While Bunch once identified as a separatist, she now collaborates with other women and engages men in supportive capacities, recognising the value in these collaborations. Regarding the debate within the New Zealand women’s movement on whether to work within established systems or separately, Bunch affirmed that American women have navigated this division and found merit in both approaches. She advocates for women who are committed to feminist principles to drive change within the existing system while acknowledging the importance of alternative groups in challenging the status quo. Bunch addressed concerns about the potential corruption of women who attain power, asserting that feminists possess a broader commitment beyond personal ambition. She believes the election of more women into positions of power would lead to better governance, citing the reputation for honesty of women in Congress. Bunch’s vision involves advocating for systemic change through a balanced approach that incorporates both feminist activism and collaboration within the political landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790421_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790421.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,293457600
4897,24,04,1979,"Homosexuality ‘learned’ (Press, 24 April 1979)","William Masters and Virginia Johnson, renowned sex researchers, claim in their new book ""Homosexuality in Perspective,"" released on 24 April 1979, that homosexuality is learned rather than genetically predetermined. The couple, who have spent 25 years studying sexual behaviour, shared their findings during an interview on N.B.C.'s ""Meet the Press."" Dr Masters stated, ""People are not genetically determined to be homosexual or heterosexual,"" asserting that sexual preferences are learned and can change over time. In their book, Masters and Johnson discuss their therapy work at the St Louis research centre, where they reported a 12 per cent failure rate in attempts to ""convert"" homosexuals to heterosexuality. They clarified that the individuals they worked with were highly motivated and that change should only occur by request from the individual wishing to alter their sexual orientation. The researchers maintained that conversion should not be pursued unless there is a genuine desire for change. Their findings suggested no physiological differences between homosexuals and heterosexuals regarding responses to sexual stimulation, a conclusion expected to spark significant debate, similar to the response to their previous landmark work, ""Human Sexual Response,"" published in 1966. For this latest study, Masters and Johnson conducted interviews with over 300 homosexual men and women over their extensive research career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790424_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790424.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,293716800
7798,26,04,1979,"Being Male ‘not A Disadvantage,’ Says Mr Mclay (Press, 26 April 1979)","On 26 April 1979, New Zealand's Minister of Justice, Mr McLay, expressed his views regarding his recent appointment as the Government’s spokesman on women. He asserted that he did not believe a woman would necessarily perform the role better than he could, stating that his gender did not disadvantage him. Mr McLay mentioned his continued interest in issues affecting women and discussed his involvement in legislative matters such as the Matrimonial Property Act and a private member's bill that helped protect women during cross-examination in rape cases, which was made law in 1977. His main focus as a spokesman would involve ensuring the Government's policies on women's issues were actively addressed, though he clarified that it was not his role to implement policies but rather to advocate for them. He acknowledged the need to keep women's issues salient within the Government's agenda, suggesting that he would take on a proactive approach in discussions related to women's rights. One specific concern Mr McLay highlighted was the International Labour Organisation’s convention that prohibits women from working night hours. He indicated a desire to see changes regarding this law but noted the complexities involved since New Zealand is a signatory to the convention, making any repeal of such laws impractical without parliamentary action. Furthermore, he expected to collaborate with the Minister of Education, Mr Wellington, and the caucus committee chairman, Mr J. Elliott, on educational issues that pertain to women. While acknowledging that some groups may have preferred Ms Marilyn Waring, the MP for Waipa, as the spokesman, he noted positive feedback on his appointment and expressed his intent to seek Ms Waring’s assistance due to her active engagement in women's issues. Overall, Mr McLay was optimistic about the potential to advocate for women's concerns in his capacity, aiming to bring relevant matters into the governmental conversation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790426_2_21_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790426.2.21.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,293889600
7079,27,04,1979,"Supertramp’s Last Supper (Press, 27 April 1979)","The article published on 27 April 1979 presents critiques of several music albums, detailing both their strengths and weaknesses. First on the list is Supertramp's ""Breakfast In America,"" which failed to impress the reviewer despite repeated listenings. The album seems to echo the group's earlier work, particularly in the last track ""Child Of Vision,"" yet it does not achieve the desired impact as a concept album. The reviewer notes a sense of homesickness as observed in the band’s choice of reading material on the back cover, showing mostly British newspapers. Next is Roxy Music's ""Manifesto,"" which indicates the band's attempt to revive its past magic after being dormant since 1975. The opening track sets an unexpected tone with Bryan Ferry's vocals introducing a sense of surprise at the band's return. The album is divided into two parts, with the East Side reflecting a European influence and the West Side focusing on breaking into the American market. Although some tracks incorporate disco and new wave elements, the album's accessibility seems uneven and not easily grasped by listeners. Phil Manzanera's album “'K'-Scope” includes inputs from New Zealand musicians Tim and Neil Finn, alongside other notable contributors. The review suggests that despite the appeal of local talent, the album lacks a distinct identity, and the lead vocals do not resonate well, leaving a more engaging performance from the bass guitarist. Overall, the album is regarded as uninspiring save for a couple of standout moments, including an impressive guitar solo. Lastly, the article assesses Tom Robinson Band's ""TRB Two."" The review criticises the album’s political overtones for overshadowing the music, suggesting that Robinson's messages feel preachy rather than allowing for audience interpretation. The composition is deemed heavy and devoid of atmosphere, described as not living up to the quality of the group’s debut. The reviewer reflects on Robinson's conflicting decisions regarding political activism, highlighting the struggle between music and his political message. Ultimately, “TRB Two” is viewed as unsuccessful in its attempt to blend these elements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790427_2_168.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790427.2.168,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,293976000
7799,30,04,1979,"Miss Waring Issues Challenge To Police On Abortion... (Press, 30 April 1979)","On 30 April 1979, Miss Marilyn Waring, a member of Parliament for Raglan, made headlines by challenging police to arrest her after she advised women on how to perform self-induced abortions. Speaking at a women's workshop in Nelson, Waring encouraged attendees to learn menstrual extraction techniques, claiming that many women desperate for abortions faced significant barriers within the legal system. Her comments received applause from the audience of over 200 people. The Minister of Police, Mr Gill, responded to Waring's remarks by stating that he would direct police to investigate whether her advice violated any laws. Waring, however, unapologetically defended her stance, asserting that while she could not encourage women to seek abortions from others, advising women to learn self-abortion methods was not criminal. She acknowledged the potential medical dangers of self-induced abortion but believed that these risks were less severe compared to the alternatives many women were facing, which she described as dire. She cited the breakdown of abortion services as a significant reason for her controversial advice. Responses from the medical community were largely critical. Mr Keith Drayton, a senior obstetrician and gynaecologist at Christchurch Women's Hospital, accused Waring of instigating trouble to change the law and stressed that she had provided no evidence indicating that women were being denied legal abortions in large numbers. He highlighted that there were sufficient certifying consultants in Christchurch and pointed out that many women were still being advised to travel to Australia for abortions. The Abortion Law Reform Association's Christchurch branch noted that the variance in doctors' approval rates for abortions contributed to some women choosing to see particular providers for convenience and humane treatment. The group supported early abortions and described menstrual extraction as a viable option, provided it was conducted in a supportive environment. In contrast, opposition to Waring's position was evident from members of her own party. The president of a National Party branch in her electorate expressed disgust at her statements about self-induced abortion and indicated that an emergency meeting would be convened to discuss her remarks. It was reported that the local party members overwhelmingly disagreed with her views. Calls for accountability also emerged, with Professor R. A. M. Gregson from Canterbury University demanding the resignation of the chair of the Supervisory Committee, highlighting the expected trend of women seeking abortions abroad as consistent with international experiences. In summary, Miss Waring's advocacy for self-induced abortions sparked significant debate, highlighting concerns about legal and medical frameworks governing abortion services in New Zealand, and reflecting broader societal attitudes towards women's reproductive rights at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790430_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790430.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,294235200
6628,04,05,1979,"Film Warning (Press, 4 May 1979)","In a letter published on 4 May 1979, Bona Beattie and Michael Howard express concern about the discrimination faced by lesbians in New Zealand. They highlight a specific incident that occurred on Television One, where an announcer cautioned parents about the film ""The Killing Of Sister George,"" which revolves around a lesbian relationship. The warning suggested that it might not be suitable for children, signalling a clear bias against representations of lesbian relationships. The authors argue that such a warning would likely not be deemed necessary for films depicting heterosexual relationships, indicating a double standard in societal reactions to differing sexual orientations. This situation reflects broader issues of discrimination and the anger felt by the lesbian community in New Zealand, prompting readers to consider the implications of these biased portrayals in media.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790504_2_79_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790504.2.79.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,294580800
4898,07,05,1979,"Labour Move For New Price Rules (Press, 7 May 1979)","On 7 May 1979, it was reported that a new price-setting procedure is to be proposed at the Labour Party's annual conference scheduled to begin on 14 May in Wellington. This proposal, stemming from the Auckland regional conference, suggests establishing a tribunal that would set prices for all items classified by Parliament as essential. The tribunal would consist of representatives from manufacturers, employers, workers, and the Consumers’ Institute. A total of twenty remits are set to be discussed at the conference. Among the other key remits, one from the Auckland and Wanganui regional conferences calls for members of Parliament to declare their financial interests at the start of each Parliamentary session. An educational remit, supported by the Otago-Southland, Auckland, and Waikato regional conferences, urges a review of the student bursary system to ensure it meets at least the basic living wage. Additionally, there is a push for electoral reform, with a remit endorsed by all regional conferences seeking the introduction of electoral laws that combine the best features of various voting systems. An energy-focused remit advocates for the expansion of underground coal mining, along with an intensive coal drilling programme under a Labour government. This also includes establishing a coal board with equal representation from management and workers for mine management. A proposed taxation remit calls for the Labour government to tax the cash value of fringe benefits for individual taxpayers, as well as to revoke tax deductions available to companies for expenses related to pleasure crafts and high-cost meals. This remit aligns with Labour's 1978 election manifesto which includes tax deductions for house mortgage interest and reduced taxes for national superannuitants with limited income. Another remit from Auckland and Wanganui advocates for the repeal of the Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion Act. There is also a proposal for a referendum on legalising homosexual relations between consenting adults. The potential next Labour government is urged to review the law regarding restitution in criminal cases, focusing on holding offenders accountable for the costs of their crimes. Additionally, it has been suggested that individuals should be able to apply to have their convictions quashed five years after their penalty, provided they can prove good conduct during that period. In terms of justice reform, one remit proposes that the Security Intelligence Service should operate under judicial oversight rather than under the Prime Minister's authority. Furthermore, a comprehensive review of local-body rating is called for, along with an investigation into the feasibility of establishing an airship industry in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790507_2_148.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790507.2.148,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,294840000
7800,09,05,1979,"Censure Motion Defeated (Press, 9 May 1979)","A motion of censure against Miss Marilyn Waring, the member of Parliament for Waipa, was rejected during an electorate executive meeting held on 7 May 1979. The Otorohanga branch of the National Party proposed the censure in response to Waring's recent supportive statements regarding women's access to menstrual extraction techniques. However, the motion failed to garner backing from the other 14 branches that were represented at the meeting. Miss Waring, who attended the gathering, received a strong vote of confidence from the electorate, as articulated by the chairman, Mr A. Myers. He noted that despite the Otorohanga branch presenting arguments against her, the overall sentiment from other delegates was one of support. Myers emphasised that one issue should not define a member's work, highlighting Waring's diligence as a Parliamentarian and confirming her strong backing from the electorate. The meeting underscored a general agreement among attendees against restricting freedom of speech. Following the unsuccessful motion, Mr T. Polstra, the chairman of the Otorohanga branch, chose not to provide comments, referencing a resolution passed at the meeting that prohibited public commentary. Meanwhile, Miss Waring indicated plans to engage with constituents in Otorohanga who were vocal against her position advocating for menstrual extraction education for women.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790509_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790509.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,295012800
4899,11,05,1979,"‘Lover Was Threat, So Thorpe Plotted Murder' (Press, 11 May 1979)","In a sensational trial in London, Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party, is accused of conspiring to murder Norman Scott, a man with whom he had a homosexual relationship in the early 1960s. Prosecutor Peter Taylor informed the jury that Thorpe's political ambitions were threatened by Scott's ongoing presence and claims about their affair, resulting in Thorpe's increasing desperation and obsession with silencing Scott. Thorpe, aged 50 and once considered one of Britain’s most popular politicians, denied having any homosexual relations with Scott. However, the prosecution presented letters from Thorpe that are claimed to corroborate Scott’s account of their relationship. Scott, who has not attended the court proceedings due to British law prohibiting witnesses from being present before testifying, previously suffered from a nervous breakdown and sought help from Thorpe. The affair reportedly took place over several years, after which Scott began to pressure Thorpe for assistance and spoke about their relationship to others. In 1967, after being elected leader of the Liberal Party, the threat Scott posed to Thorpe became increasingly significant. Amid this turmoil, Thorpe allegedly urged fellow defendant David Holmes, a former deputy treasurer of the Liberal Party, to eliminate Scott. Holmes and another defendant, Peter Bessell, attempted to dissuade Thorpe from this course of action. However, frustrated by Scott's public disclosures, Holmes ultimately became convinced that murder was the only solution to protect Thorpe and the party. The conspiracy involved the recruitment of an airline pilot named Andrew Newton, who was paid to confront Scott. Newton attempted to carry out the plan by luring Scott to a remote area, where he shot and injured Scott's dog but failed to harm Scott himself. Following this incident, Newton was briefly imprisoned for possessing a firearm with intent to endanger life. Later, he received £5,000 from John le Mesurier, another accused party member, for his role in the plot. All four defendants, including Thorpe, have pleaded not guilty to the charges of conspiracy to murder, with Thorpe facing an additional charge of incitement to murder. The trial, described as the most sensational in Britain for decades, has the potential to last for up to three months. If convicted, Thorpe could serve up to ten years in prison, marking a dramatic and troubling chapter in both his personal life and political career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790511_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790511.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,295185600
4900,12,05,1979,"Thorpe’s ‘black Cloud’ (Press, 12 May 1979)","Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of Britain's Liberal Party, is currently on trial at the Old Bailey in London facing charges of incitement and conspiracy to murder. The case centres around allegations that Thorpe and three accomplices conspired in 1975 to murder Norman Scott, a male model with whom Thorpe had an alleged relationship. The prosecutor noted that instead of successfully killing Scott, a hitman mistakenly shot his pet Great Dane, Rinka. During the trial, a statement from Thorpe emerged, in which he once remarked that killing his alleged homosexual companion would be ""no worse than shooting a sick dog."" The prosecutor claimed this remark was made ironically. Thorpe, now aged 50 and previously regarded as Britain's most popular politician, along with the other defendants, has pleaded not guilty to charges that could result in a ten-year prison sentence. The jury was presented with a letter written by Scott ten years prior to the shooting, in which he expressed feelings about his relationship with Thorpe, saying, ""Through meeting Jeremy; I gave birth to this vice! which is latent in every man."" This letter was shown to Peter Bessell, a former Liberal MP and friend of Thorpe, who has been summoned to testify from his home in California. The prosecutor claimed that during a meeting, Thorpe acknowledged the letter's assertions as largely true, despite his denials of a romantic involvement with Scott. The court was informed that Bessell financially supported Scott with a weekly retainer from 1967 to 1968. The prosecutor further argued that Thorpe considered the situation involving Scott as a “black cloud” threatening to damage his political career due to its potential exposure to the public. The prosecution alleges that this concern led Thorpe to suggest that action needed to be taken against Scott.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790512_2_54_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790512.2.54.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,295272000
4902,14,05,1979,"Gay Evening Of Dance Allowed (Press, 14 May 1979)","On 14 May 1979, it was reported that officials at Lincoln High School in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, approved a request from a high-school student to take his boyfriend to the upcoming school dance. Principal Fred Stephens commented on the situation, acknowledging that he had no reason to deny the request and emphasizing the need to protect the rights of homosexuals. He noted that the school rules only stipulated that at least one attendee must be a senior, allowing for flexible interpretations regarding who can be invited. Mr Stephens refrained from disclosing the identity of the student but indicated that he was known for his openness about his sexuality. He expressed a commitment to ensuring the safety of all students, particularly those who may face discrimination or violence due to their sexual orientation. ""My concern is to guarantee their safety, if we can handle it without blowing it,"" he said. School Superintendent John Harris echoed Mr Stephens' sentiments, affirming the student's right to bring a boyfriend to the dance. He dismissed concerns about potential negative reactions from other students, indicating a belief that the atmosphere at the school would be accepting. Harris pointed out that there were no legal grounds to exclude the student other than safety concerns, adding that they had consulted legal counsel regarding the matter. This decision stood in stark contrast to a recent incident in Cumberland, Rhode Island, where a 17-year-old student had been denied permission to take a male date to his junior dance, based on objections from his parents. That student chose not to attend the dance, highlighting ongoing challenges faced by LGBTQ+ students in accessing social events. Overall, the approval of the request in Sioux Falls was seen as a progressive move toward inclusivity, reflecting a growing recognition of the rights of homosexual students in school environments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790514_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790514.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,295444800
4901,14,05,1979,"Thorpe ‘tried To Fix Witnesses’ (Press, 14 May 1979)","On 14 May 1979, the Old Bailey in London heard allegations against Jeremy Thorpe, a former leader of the British Liberal Party, who was accused of conspiring to murder his former homosexual lover, Norman Scott. The prosecution, led by Mr Peter Taylor Q.C., outlined a detailed scenario where Thorpe was claimed to be the instigator of the plot. Taylor asserted that Thorpe's close associate, David Holmes, acted as the manager of the conspiracy, with two businessmen, John le Mesurier and George Deakin, assisting in hiring an airline pilot, Andrew Newton, to carry out the murder. During the trial, which marked its fourth day, Thorpe, alongside three co-defendants, pleaded not guilty to the charges. Taylor described how the conspirators exhibited signs of anxiety when police inquiries intensified in April 1977. He pointedly commented on Thorpe's public denial of the accusations, suggesting that beneath his bravado was a man deeply troubled about his involvement in the alleged conspiracy. Furthermore, Taylor accused Thorpe of attempting to tamper with witnesses as the criminal investigation closed in on him. It was claimed that Thorpe sought to convince Nadir Dinshaw, a businessman who acted as a guardian figure to Thorpe’s son, to provide false testimony regarding the financial connections between a benefactor, Jack Hayward, and the Liberal Party. The prosecution argued that money from Hayward was funneled to Holmes for the purpose of the murder plot rather than being set aside for election expenses as Thorpe had claimed. The prosecution contended that Thorpe was fully aware and involved in the conspiracy, while Holmes managed the operations, allowing Thorpe to maintain a level of detachment from the illicit activities. As the prosecution opened its case, they brought forth Mr Peter Bessell, identified as the Crown’s key witness. Bessell previously had a close relationship with Thorpe and was expected to provide critical testimony during the trial. In his testimony, Bessell recounted Thorpe confessing to his homosexuality and expressing concern over the issue of Scott, which he referred to as a ""black cloud"" over him. Bessell indicated that Thorpe had even suggested murdering Scott and disposing of the body in a mine shaft. The trial was adjourned, with the expectation that Bessell would continue to testify in the following session, potentially shedding more light on the intricate details of the alleged conspiracy. Throughout the proceedings, Thorpe remained composed, gazing straight ahead as the evidence unfolded before the jury, marking a significant moment in British legal history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790514_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790514.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,295444800
4903,17,05,1979,"Allegation Of Second Thorpe Murder Plot Startles... (Press, 17 May 1979)","On 17 May 1979, the Old Bailey court in London was taken aback by a significant allegation regarding former Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe, who is currently on trial for allegedly plotting the murder of a male model named Norman Scott. Scott claims he and Thorpe were once homosexual lovers, and the prosecution argues that Thorpe sought to silence him. During the trial, Thorpe's lawyer, Mr George Carman, Q.C., startled the court by revealing a claim that Thorpe may have proposed a second murder as well, specifically a man named Hetherington, to Peter Bessell, a key prosecution witness and former Liberal MP. While cross-examining Bessell, Carman managed to extract an admission that he had indeed made such a statement before, capturing the attention of the court and drawing laughter from those present, including Thorpe himself. The judge, Sir Joseph Cantley, queried the identity of the individual involved in this second plot. The defence hinted that further details would be revealed later in the trial. The prosecution claims that an airline pilot was hired to carry out the murder of Scott, while Carman further suggested that Bessell had been proposed by Thorpe himself as an assassin for the supposed second plot. Drawing on literary references, Carman quoted Oscar Wilde to underline the absurdity of two murder schemes, indicating that having two such plots might suggest carelessness. The proceedings also turned dramatic as Carman recalled Bessell's testimony concerning a bizarre fake murder scheme reportedly staged by Bessell and Thorpe's co-defendant, David Holmes. This plan was allegedly designed to dissuade Thorpe from attempting to kill Scott by creating the illusion of a failed murder attempt. Bessell was accused of providing inconsistent accounts of this incident to various journalists and while testifying in court. Although he acknowledged some confusion, he denied intentionally lying. Bessell stated he had tried to validate claims about Thorpe's supposed ties to a South African conspiracy to undermine the Liberal Party. He denied any intention to make money from the case, as well as allegations regarding his aspirations to access the estate of the murdered Romanov family. Despite his controversial background, involving his past as a conscientious objector and subsequent ventures in various occupations, Bessell maintains his decision to testify is rooted in honesty rather than financial motivations. Thorpe has pleaded not guilty to charges of incitement and conspiracy to murder, which could result in a sentence of up to ten years. His co-defendants, including Holmes, John Le Mesurier, and George Deakin, have similarly denied the conspiracy charges related to the murder plot. The trial continues to unfold with further revelations expected as the defence presents its case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790517_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790517.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,295704000
4904,18,05,1979,"Thorpe, Witness ‘joked About Nurder’ (Press, 18 May 1979)","On 18 May 1979, the Old Bailey heard sensational testimonies regarding a high-profile legal case involving former Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe. Peter Bessell, a former British parliamentarian and the crown's principal witness, alleged that Thorpe had jokingly admitted to murdering a blackmailer and disposing of the body down a mineshaft. This revelation was reportedly met with laughter from Thorpe, who suggested that if Bessell focused more on political campaigning instead of fictional murders, his successor in the Liberal Party might have retained his parliamentary seat. Bessell's claims revolved around a supposed plot to kill a man named Mr Hetherington, who was allegedly threatening to expose Thorpe’s purported homosexual relationship with male model Norman Scott. Thorpe, now aged 50, has pleaded not guilty to serious charges of incitement and conspiracy to murder Scott, which could lead to a sentence of up to ten years in prison. Alongside Thorpe, the co-defendants include David Holmes, Thorpe's former best man and deputy treasurer; John le Mesurier, a carpet dealer; and George Deakin, a nightclub owner involved in fruit machine dealings. All co-defendants have also denied the conspiracy charges. During the proceedings, Thorpe’s barrister, George Carman, highlighted what he described as Bessell's compellingly unusual sense of humour, as he disclosed that Thorpe had previously provided a statement to the Director of Public Prosecutions in December 1977—even before any formal charges were laid against him. Carman challenged Bessell's credibility, questioning his tendency to fabricate lies. Despite maintaining that he had paid Hetherington $340 to silence him with blackmail letters, Bessell acknowledged that Thorpe had never met Hetherington nor had any knowledge of the letters, which Bessell admitted to burning. However, he contested the suggestion that his narrative was fictitious or that he had deliberately created misleading evidence at Thorpe's expense. This case has drawn public attention due to its implications for the political landscape, and the courtroom exchanges are revealing a striking intersection of politics, personal scandals, and allegations of crime. The trial continues to unfold with significant interest from the media and the public alike.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790518_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790518.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,295790400
4905,21,05,1979,"Noel Coward Play Polished, Enjoyable (Press, 21 May 1979)","The Elmwood Players are presenting Noel Coward's play ""A Song at Twilight,"" directed by Alison Alston, at the Fulton Avenue Playhouse from May 19 to 26, 1979. The production runs from 8 p.m. to 10:23 p.m. This play, which explores themes of homosexual betrayal, has generated mixed reviews concerning its relevance. Critics have argued that Coward was simply leveraging societal shifts from the permissive 1960s, potentially contradicting his earlier values. However, the reviewer argues that ""A Song at Twilight"" is a well-constructed work that remains true to traditional playwriting, focusing on various types of love without descending into obscenity. The play features only four characters and relies heavily on dialogue rather than action. It includes a lead role for a satirical writer, characterised as ""complex and brilliant,"" whose cynical outlook is challenged by the resurfacing of past love letters. The character, portrayed with ""indestructible elegance,"" was notably played by Coward himself in the 1966 world premiere. The New Zealand premiere features Mervyn Glue in the lead role, where his performance is highlighted for a commanding stage presence, despite not fully embodying the character's sexual ambiguities. James Jorgensen plays a minor yet significant role as a waiter, bringing subtlety to interactions between the two male characters. The two female roles are crucial in disrupting the writer's composure. Pauline Huggins portrays a visitor engaging in blackmail, blending conversational savvy with a humorous, crude charm. Beryl MacLeod plays the writer's German wife, capturing a transformation from a strict character to a more nuanced figure across the acts, showcasing her ability to develop character depth. The production also benefits from Brian Brodie's impressive set design, Alison Alston's costumes, and Helen Wilson's careful management of props, culminating in a polished and enjoyable theatre experience. Overall, the reviewer praises the performance as a commendable interpretation of Coward's work, capturing its essence and complexity while addressing contemporary themes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790521_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790521.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296049600
4906,23,05,1979,"Homosexuals Protest Over Shooting Verdict (Press, 23 May 1979)","On 21 May 1979, an estimated 5000 people, many of whom were homosexuals, protested outside San Francisco City Hall in response to the voluntary manslaughter conviction of Dan White for the murders of Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk. The protests turned violent as demonstrators smashed windows with iron bars and set fires, expressing their outrage that White was not convicted of murder, particularly in light of Milk's prominent position in the gay community as an openly homosexual supervisor. Following the jury's verdict, which was reached by a panel of seven women and five men, the crowd began to march from the Castro Street area, a district known for its significant LGBTQ+ population, chanting slogans such as ""Dump Dianne,"" a reference to Mayor Dianne Feinstein, who had succeeded Moscone. As tensions escalated at City Hall, riot-equipped police began countering the demonstrators shortly after 10 p.m., pushing them into nearby streets and plazas. The protests resulted in a chaotic scene, with tear gas being deployed and fires breaking out. The violence included vandalism of police cars, damage to private vehicles, and injuries among protesters. Some protesters sustained visible injuries, while others sat in the street in defiance. An incident was reported in which Supervisor Carol Ruth Silver was struck by a rock. Additionally, incendiary devices were thrown into the City Hall, prompting the police to take defensive measures, including using overturned tables for protection. Mayor Feinstein remarked on the jury's decision, stating it was ""very hard to handle."" The citizens' outrage, fueled by the emotional aftermath of the killings of Milk and Moscone, highlighted mounting tensions related to issues of violence and justice within the LGBTQ+ community. The protest showcased the deep-seated frustrations and anger of that community, as they believed the legal outcome did not reflect the severity of the crimes committed against two of their leaders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790523_2_51_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790523.2.51.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296222400
4907,23,05,1979,"Scott Tells Of Thorpe’s Beds (Press, 23 May 1979)","A former male model, Norman Scott, has testified in court about a homosexual affair he had with Jeremy Thorpe, the ex-leader of the Liberal Party, which has led to accusations of murder plot against Thorpe. Appearing in the Old Bailey Central Criminal Court in London, Scott, now 39 years old, recounted how he was seduced by Thorpe in 1961 and described intimate moments shared between them. He revealed that he would sleep in a single bed at Thorpe's flat, and after sexual encounters, he was instructed to use a camp bed stored in the wardrobe. During his emotional testimony, Scott expressed feelings of desperation, stating he contemplated suicide and even considered taking Thorpe's life. He articulated his struggles, mentioning, ""I was unhappy. I really wanted to finish the whole thing. I just wanted to kill myself."" When questioned by Crown counsel Mr Peter Taylor, Scott admitted he had thoughts of killing Thorpe as well. Thorpe, now 50, has consistently denied having any sexual relationship with Scott and is facing charges of incitement and conspiracy to murder, which if convicted could lead to a prison sentence of up to 10 years. The prosecution argues that Thorpe wished to silence Scott out of fear for his political career, leading him to allegedly instruct others to kill Scott. The trial has also delved into the importance of a national insurance card, which Scott claims is vital for accessing welfare benefits in Britain. He testified that during their relationship, Thorpe took control of his insurance card and failed to maintain it, causing Scott difficulties during a time when he was married with a young child. Scott suggested that his inability to access welfare due to the missing card was a primary reason he eventually disclosed his relationship with Thorpe to Liberal Party leaders and others. The trial continues as the jury deliberates on the tense allegations and the implications of these personal testimonies in the larger context of the charges against Thorpe.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790523_2_51_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790523.2.51.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296222400
7323,24,05,1979,"Death Threat A ‘slanderous Lie’ (Press, 24 May 1979)","On 24 May 1979, a Christchurch man named Robin Duff expressed his astonishment at being accused of threatening the life of Iran's Ayatollah Khomeiny, calling the accusation a ""slanderous lie."" Duff was informed of the alleged death threat through a phone call from Radio Pacific in Auckland, which was citing a report from the French press agency Agence France-Presse. The controversy stems from a letter that Duff sent to the Ayatollah on 26 March 1979. This letter was part of an international Gay Rights protest, in which Duff, who is the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, requested that Khomeiny cease the persecution and execution of homosexuals in Iran. In the letter, Duff stated that the coalition was committed to publicising these ""atrocities"" and seeking condemnation from the international community. He maintained that this statement was the closest thing to a threat contained in the letter. Duff clarified that copies of this letter had also been sent to various prominent figures, including New Zealand's Prime Minister Robert Muldoon, the leader of the Opposition Bill Rowling, the leader of the Social Credit League Robert Beetham, former Federation of Labour president Sir Thomas Skinner, and Amnesty International. According to Duff, this was the only communication sent to the Ayatollah on behalf of the New Zealand Gay Rights Coalition, and he expressed confusion as to why it had garnered such publicity. In response to the situation, Duff stated that the coalition's secretary, M. Waghorne, would approach New Zealand's Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Taiboys, to ""sort the matter out.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790524_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790524.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296308800
4908,24,05,1979,"Lawyer Admits Thorpe’s ‘homosexual... (Press, 24 May 1979)","Norman Scott, a former male model, testified in the trial of Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the Liberal Party, claiming that Thorpe instigated a bungled murder attempt against him. Scott recounted an incident in 1975 when a gunman shot and killed his dog in what he described as an attempt on his own life. The dramatic claims made by Scott, who alleged that Thorpe seduced him in 1961, have stirred considerable controversy in Britain, marking one of the country's most significant scandals in recent years. During his testimony at the Old Bailey, Scott had an emotional outburst, directing anger towards the judge. Thorpe's attorney, George Carman, while denying any sexual relationship between Scott and Thorpe, appeared to acknowledge Thorpe's past homosexual tendencies. Carman suggested to Scott that he was aware of this aspect of Thorpe when they first met, to which Scott agreed. Thorpe, now 50 and once celebrated as Britain's most popular politician, is pleading not guilty to charges of incitement and conspiracy to murder, which could lead to a 10-year prison sentence. The defence's strategy involved questioning Scott's credibility, focusing on his admitted history of mental illness and instances of deceit, including fabricating stories about his parents. The prosecutor argued that Scott's allegations on the failed sexual encounter prompted Thorpe to fear for his political career, leading to the alleged murder plot. Scott detailed the traumatic experience of encountering the gunman, Andrew “Gino” Newton, a supposed hired assassin, who shot his Great Dane, Rinka, on a desolate moor while threatening Scott. However, Newton's gun either jammed or he lost his nerve, allowing Scott to escape unharmed. Following the incident, Scott, who was visibly shaken, attempted to revive his dog. The case involves co-defendants David Holmes, who was Thorpe’s best man at his 1968 wedding, and others including nightclub owner George Deakin, who is accused of hiring the shooter, and carpet dealer John le Mesurier, who allegedly paid half of the £5,000 contract fee to execute the plan. All co-defendants have pleaded not guilty. The trial continues to unfold as the scandal continues to capture public attention in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790524_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790524.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296308800
4909,26,05,1979,"‘Assassin’ Tells Of Pistol Jamming On Lonely... (Press, 26 May 1979)","On 26 May 1979, the trial of former Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe continued in London, where he faces serious charges including conspiracy to murder. The allegations stem from a supposed plot in 1975 to kill Norman Scott, a male model who claims to have had a homosexual affair with Thorpe. During the proceedings, a key witness, Andrew Gino Newton, an airline pilot, testified that he was hired to carry out the assassination. Newton recounted his experience, stating that he lost his nerve during the attempt on Scott's life. He indicated that he had been offered $20,000 for the job and had even purchased a heavy masonry chisel with the intention of killing Scott. However, when the time came to execute the plan, Scott did not arrive at their predetermined meeting place on a remote moor in the west of England. At the rendezvous, Newton admitted to killing Scott's Great Dane, Binka, and had then turned the gun on Scott, allegedly saying ""It's your turn now."" However, he claimed that his borrowed Mauser pistol jammed, resulting in him abandoning the murder plot and fleeing the scene. Newton described feeling conflicted about the assignment, realising he lacked the capacity to go through with it and deciding instead to pretend he had tried and failed. Thorpe has pleaded not guilty to the charges against him. Alongside him in the dock at the Old Bailey are three co-defendants, all of whom also plead not guilty to conspiracy charges. Among them is David Holmes, who was Thorpe's best man at his wedding in 1968 and is alleged to have played a managerial role in the murder plot. Another defendant, George Deakin, a nightclub owner, is accused of being responsible for recruiting Newton, while John le Mesurier, a carpet dealer, is alleged to have paid Newton a portion of the contract money after being released from jail for an unrelated firearms conviction. The outcome of this shocking case continues to unfold before the jury, as it examines the complicated ties between politics, personal relationships, and alleged crimes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790526_2_66_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790526.2.66.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296481600
4911,28,05,1979,"Apology To Iran (Press, 28 May 1979)","On 28 May 1979, a spokesman for the National Gay Rights Commission in New Zealand shared with ""The Press"" a letter addressed to Iran's Prime Minister and Minister of Justice. This correspondence from the National Gay Rights Coalition, which comprises 32 member groups and over 70,000 affiliated members, expressed strong condemnation of the Iranian government's actions against individuals who oppose the regime or violate Islamic law. The coalition's letter characterised the situation in Iran as a significant infringement on human rights and civil liberties, particularly highlighting the recent execution of 26 Iranians accused of ""sexual deviation."" Such news was met with horror by the coalition, which is committed to advocating for the rights of homosexual individuals both domestically and internationally. In their letter, the National Gay Rights Coalition made a set of demands to the Iranian leadership. They called for an end to the persecution and execution of homosexuals, the halting of all prosecutions and court actions until clear legal standards are implemented, and the release of individuals currently detained due to their sexual orientation. The coalition expressed its dedication to raising awareness about these human rights violations and seeking international condemnation of Iran’s actions. They urged that responding positively to their requests could help Iran demonstrate its ability to uphold its revolutionary values without compromising the rights and freedoms of its citizens. The coalition framed their stance as a call for fairness and justice in Iran's struggle for national self-determination and independence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790528_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790528.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296654400
4912,28,05,1979,"Iranians Blame U.s. For Death Bid (Press, 28 May 1979)","On 28 May 1979, it was reported that Iran's ruling clerics accused the United States and Iranian Leftists of orchestrating the attempted assassination of Hojatolleslam Hashemi Rafsanjani, a significant religious and political figure in Iran. Rafsanjani, aged 45, who is associated with the secretive Revolutionary Council and is known for his strong anti-Communist stance, was seriously injured during an attack at his home in Teheran. The assailants, two gunmen, gained access under false pretences and struck while Rafsanjani's bodyguard was occupied with prayers. The attack, which occurred on the night of Friday, 25 May 1979, could have marked the third assassination of a prominent individual in Iran's new regime that month. A shadowy guerrilla group claiming responsibility for these attacks has positioned itself as ultra-Islamic, yet Iran's religious authorities contend that the attackers are disguising their Leftist and foreign-inspired agendas. One of the most notable victims of the recent violence was Ayatollah Morteza Motahari, who chaired the influential Revolutionary Council and shared educational ties with Rafsanjani, having studied under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeiny—the revolutionary figure who is now regarded as Iran's de facto leader. Following the assassination attempt, a campaign against perceived moral corruption continued with the execution of three individuals for sexual crimes. This included the execution of Khan Muhammad Mokhtar, aged 35, convicted of raping his nine-year-old niece in the Caspian Sea town of Shahsavar. Additionally, Musa Ashrafi and Esmail Neisari were executed in Teheran for engaging in homosexual relations. These executions were part of a broader initiative aimed at cleansing the nation of what the authorities deemed corrupt elements, bringing the total number of executions for sexual crimes to at least 19 since the revolution in February.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790528_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790528.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296654400
4910,28,05,1979,"N.z. ‘deplores’ Death Threat (Press, 28 May 1979)","On 28 May 1979, the New Zealand Ambassador to Iran, Mr C. Beeby, addressed a reported death threat against Iranian Minister of Justice, Mr Assadollah Mobasheri, allegedly made by a group of New Zealand homosexuals. At a meeting with Mr Mobasheri, Mr Beeby expressed regret over the incident, emphasising that the New Zealand government condemned the threats and that an investigation by New Zealand authorities was underway. This development followed Mr Mobasheri's statement in a newspaper interview in which he claimed to have received a letter from a New Zealand homosexual group that included a death threat in response to the execution of several individuals for sodomy shortly after Iran's revolution in February 1979. In Wellington, Mr R. Duff, co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, led an executive meeting condemning the New Zealand government for not adequately protecting its citizens from what they termed as ""malicious Iranian Government accusations"" regarding the death threats. The Coalition has reached out to the International Gay Association, urging them to challenge the claim that New Zealand homosexuals had issued threats against the Minister's life. Mr Duff expressed concerns that the New Zealand government appeared more focused on trade matters rather than addressing significant human rights violations, specifically the executions of homosexuals in Iran. He stressed the importance of contesting the ""malicious lies,"" advocating for stronger actions against the Iranian government’s treatment of LGBTQ+ individuals and a firmer stance from New Zealand against such violations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790528_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790528.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296654400
7309,30,05,1979,"No Threat In Letter —minister (Press, 30 May 1979)","On 30 May 1979, the New Zealand Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Talboys, addressed concerns regarding a letter sent to the Iranian Prime Minister by the New Zealand National Gay Rights Coalition. The letter, dated 26 March, was suggested by the Iranian government to contain a threat; however, Mr Taiboys firmly stated that it did not contain any such threat. He elaborated that the New Zealand Ambassador in Teheran, Mr C. E. Beeby, had communicated with the Iranian Minister of Justice, Mr Assadollah Mobasheri, to express the New Zealand Government's disapproval of any threats received by the Iranian officials that were supposedly linked to New Zealand. Mr Taiboys emphasised that neither he nor the Ambassador had any knowledge of the origin of the alleged threat within New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790530_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790530.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,296827200
4913,01,06,1979,"Thorpe Case Pay-off Was Nearly Bungled (Press, 1 June 1979)","On 1 June 1979, the trial of Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the Liberal Party, continued in London as he faced charges related to a murder plot. The case centres on allegations that Thorpe intended to kill Norman Scott, a male model who claimed they shared a homosexual relationship in the past. Prosecutors allege that Thorpe was motivated to silence Scott to protect his own career from potential scandal. During the proceedings, the jury was informed about a questionable £5,000 pay-off that took place after Andrew Gino Newton, who allegedly acted as a “hit man,” was released from prison in 1977. Newton, who had shot Scott’s dog and served time for possessing a firearm with intent to endanger life, claims he was hired by Thorpe to execute a more severe plan against Scott. David Miller, a friend of Newton and a printer from Wales, testified on the sixteenth day of the trial. He recounted how he facilitated a meeting where the money was exchanged. At the time, the ""Dabs"" private detective agency had surveilled this pay-off to ensure Mr Newton's safety. Miller described the scene where he transported Newton to a roadside rendezvous where John le Mesurier, another defendant and associate of Thorpe, was waiting with the cash. Concerned about the transaction's visibility, le Mesurier became anxious when a car with a photographer drove by. Miller noted that the event wasn't what he had envisioned, ultimately leading to a transfer of the money at a more secluded location, a deserted brickworks. Thorpe, alongside le Mesurier and two other co-defendants — George Deakin, a fruit-machine dealer, and David Holmes, a tax consultant — pleaded not guilty to conspiracy to murder. Thorpe also denied an additional charge of incitement to murder, maintaining that he did not engage in any romantic involvement with Scott. The trial's ongoing revelations have painted a picture of a convoluted legal battle laced with scandal, conspiracy, and the complexities of personal relationships in the public eye.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790601_2_61_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790601.2.61.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,297000000
4914,02,06,1979,"Thorpe Urged Police To Investigate, Jury Told (Press, 2 June 1979)","On 2 June 1979, the ongoing trial of former Liberal leader Jeremy Thorpe continued in London, where serious allegations against him were being examined. During cross-examination, Mr George Carman, representing Thorpe, brought to light that in 1971, Thorpe had requested an investigation into accusations made by Norman Scott, who claimed a homosexual relationship with the politician. The requests were directed to the Home Secretary and the London Metropolitan Police Commissioner, which raised questions about the investigative actions taken at that time. Carman questioned Detective Chief Superintendent Proven Sharpe, head of the Devon and Cornwall Criminal Investigation Department, regarding whether the police had followed up on Thorpe's requests to probe the claims. Sharpe admitted he was unaware of any such requests and acknowledged that he had not taken steps to verify them. Carman asserted that Thorpe had also asked then Home Secretary Reginald Maudling to investigate the allegations; however, Sharpe confirmed he had no knowledge of that either. The trial, now in its seventeenth day, is centred around Thorpe, his close friend David Holmes, and two businessmen, John le Mesurier and George Deakin, all of whom have pleaded not guilty to conspiracy to murder Scott. Thorpe has additionally denied charges of attempting to persuade Holmes to kill Scott, whom the Crown alleges posed a threat to Thorpe's political career due to his accusations. The court heard details from Thorpe’s statement made during a police interview on 8 February 1976. In this statement, Thorpe indicated he was aware of the serious allegations from Scott and that previous investigations had already been conducted by senior colleagues, Scotland Yard, and the Home Secretary in 1971. He claimed there was nothing new in Scott's allegations. Thorpe refuted any knowledge regarding an alleged £2500 payment for letters and denied ever having met Andrew Newton, who had already testified to being hired to kill Scott. Sharpe testified that he and Chief Inspector Brian McCreery had interviewed Thorpe as part of the inquiry that followed the shooting of Scott's dog on 24 October 1975. During this interview, Thorpe provided a statement, which was heavily amended, and was ultimately also regarded as a draft before submission. The ongoing trial brings significant public and media attention to the allegations and the political implications for Thorpe, capturing a moment in British legal history where the intersection of politics and personal life is under scrutiny.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790602_2_66_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790602.2.66.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,297086400
4915,05,06,1979,"U.s. Church Support For Homosexual Priests (Press, 5 June 1979)","On 5 June 1979, a commission from the American Episcopal Church recommended that homosexuals should be permitted to be ordained as priests, provided they are “able and willing to conform their behaviour to that which the Church affirms as wholesome.” This recommendation is part of a broader discussion to be presented at the Church’s triennial convention in September 1979 in Denver, following a directive from the Church’s 1976 convention in Minneapolis. The commission, which consists of 12 members, suggested that decisions regarding specific cases of ordination should be left to the discretion of bishops and ministry commissions rather than being legislated in a formal manner. The report, spanning 17 pages, acknowledged the challenges faced by homosexual individuals due to societal pressures, particularly highlighting those who are reluctant to reveal their sexuality. It advocated for the ordination of individuals who have felt the burden of their sexual orientation for an extended period and wish to openly identify as homosexual. However, the commission also expressed concerns about certain activists within the LGBTQ community who they felt displayed an ""abnormal obsession with homosexuality,"" particularly those who were demanding rights and seeking recognition for same-sex marriages. While the commission acknowledged their perspectives, it concluded that such individuals were not suitable for ordination or to be viewed as authentic alternative sexual models. The commission made it clear that the criteria used to assess the suitability for ordination should be consistent between heterosexuals and homosexuals. They articulated a focus on whether behaviours hinder or enhance the quality of life for families, the Church, and society at large. Additionally, the commission expressed its approach to the interpretation of the Bible, stating, “We do not take the Bible literally, we take it seriously.” Notably, in January 1977, Bishop Paul Moore Jr. from the New York diocese had already ordained a known lesbian, Ellen Marie Barrett, as a priest, indicating a progressive stance within parts of the Church towards LGBTQ+ individuals. The upcoming discussions at the convention are anticipated to further explore these recommendations, balancing the traditional views of the Church with the evolving perspectives on sexual orientation and inclusion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790605_2_60_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790605.2.60.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,297345600
4916,09,06,1979,"Thorpe Decides To Call No Evidence In His Defence (Press, 9 June 1979)","The trial of former Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe at the Old Bailey in London was adjourned until Monday, 11 June 1979, after Thorpe's legal team unexpectedly decided not to present any evidence in his defence. This decision means that Thorpe, 50, will not take the witness stand, a move that denies what could have been a pivotal moment in the trial where he could have faced cross-examination regarding the serious allegations against him. Thorpe, along with three co-defendants—David Holmes, John Le Mesurier, and George Deakin—has pleaded not guilty to charges of conspiring to murder Norman Scott, a former male model. Thorpe is also accused of inciting Holmes to commit the murder. The remaining defendants are similarly contesting the charges. Closing arguments from the defence counsel for the four defendants are scheduled to begin on Monday, following 20 days of prosecution evidence. Central to the prosecution's case is testimony from Andrew Newton, a former airline pilot who was presented as a key witness. He claims he was hired with a payment of $10,000 to kill Scott but ultimately backed out of the plan, claiming his weapon jammed when he attempted to carry out the act. However, the prosecution contends that the intent behind the conspiracy was created due to Scott posing a perceived risk to Thorpe's political career. George Deakin, during his testimony, stated he was approached to find someone who could intimidate Scott, rather than hire a hitman. He recounted a conversation where he was informed of a “blackmailer” situation involving Scott which led him to provide a connection to Newton. Deakin, lacking knowledge of the full circumstances, professed his unwillingness to inquire further about their intentions. Deakin also noted that he had no prior acquaintance with Thorpe and had only met him in court, mentioning that he had voted for the Conservative Party, showing a lack of ties to the Liberal Party. Meanwhile, Thorpe denies having had any personal relationship with Scott, asserting that their interactions were purely a matter of the allegations and political implications surrounding him. The absence of Thorpe's testimony was seen as a significant decision, removing the opportunity for Thorpe to personally address the jury regarding the accusations and potentially sway their judgment. The implications of the trial are profound, particularly regarding Thorpe's political future and the reputations of those involved. The case continues to capture public interest as it unfolds, highlighting the complex interplay of personal history, public figures, and the legal system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790609_2_67_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790609.2.67.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,297691200
4917,13,06,1979,"‘Tragedy Of Thorpe’ (Press, 13 June 1979)","On 13 June 1979, the Old Bailey, London's Central Criminal Court, heard the closing arguments in the high-profile murder-conspiracy trial of Jeremy Thorpe, the former leader of the British Liberal Party. The prosecution, led by Crown counsel Mr Peter Taylor, presented a narrative depicting Thorpe’s life as one marked by tragic contradictions, akin to themes found in Greek or Shakespearian tragedies. Mr Taylor asserted that the essence of Thorpe's downfall was rooted in his status as a bachelor with homosexual tendencies, juxtaposed with his ambition to rise to the top of British politics. This internal conflict, he argued, catalysed the events surrounding the infamous Norman Scott affair, which ultimately blighted Thorpe’s political career. Taylor noted that the case illustrated the destructive nature of Thorpe's alleged attempts to conceal his homosexuality, exacerbated by the pressures of political life. The trial focused on the alleged conspiracy to murder Norman Scott, a former male model whose claims of a homosexual relationship with Thorpe threatened to expose the politician's private life and jeopardise his career. Thorpe, along with his close friend David Holmes and two businessmen, John le Mesurier and George Deakin, has pleaded not guilty to conspiring to murder Scott. Additionally, Thorpe has denied attempting to persuade Holmes to kill Scott. Throughout his five-hour closing speech, Mr Taylor argued that the evidence demonstrated a clear involvement of all accused parties in hiring an alleged hit-man, Andrew Newton, in an effort to silence Scott. The motive for this purported conspiracy, according to the prosecution, stemmed from the gay relationship claims and Thorpe’s desperation to eliminate the threat posed by Scott. Taylor highlighted the irony and tragic nature of the situation, suggesting it was the ""slow but inevitable destruction"" of a man gripped by a singular defect. Furthermore, the prosecution challenged Thorpe's denials, pointing to contradictions in his account. They presented evidence, including Thorpe's act of gifting Scott a book about a homosexual relationship, questioning why such a gesture would be made unless there was a genuine interest. Taylor characterised Thorpe as ""devious,"" stating that the former politician had been scheming to manipulate his public narrative. He said the evidence showed a consistent pattern of Thorpe attempting to fix records regarding his interactions with press and police. As the jury listened to Mr Taylor's exhaustive closing arguments, it became clear that the trial had transcended legal matters, entering the realm of personal and political tragedy, woven with themes of love, ambition, and downfall, resonating with profound implications for Thorpe’s legacy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790613_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790613.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298036800
7801,14,06,1979,"Miss Waring Not Granted A ‘pair’ In House (Press, 14 June 1979)","On 14 June 1979, A. P. D. Friedlander, the senior Government Whip, expressed his reluctance to request a ""pair"" for Miss Marilyn Waring, the member for Waipa, who was absent due to illness after attending a seminar in Auckland. Friedlander stated that it would be unfair to the Opposition Whips to grant a pair under these circumstances. Miss Waring had not been well since her last appearance in Parliament on 29 May but briefly returned to the House on Tuesday, where the junior Government Whip, D. M. J. Jones, presented a report on behalf of her as she was also the chairman of the Public Expenditure Committee. Generally, ""pairs"" are granted to account for members who are ill or engaged in public duties, reducing the voting strength of the Government or Opposition accordingly. Friedlander noted that while such pairs are typically approved for health-related issues, he felt it unreasonable to request one for Waring given her participation in the Auckland meeting. He clarified that the refusal to grant leave was not a critique of Waring's commitment to public engagements. Waring herself indicated that she was recovering from Russian flu and had recently undergone dental surgery for a wisdom tooth extraction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790614_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790614.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298123200
4918,16,06,1979,"‘Thorpe Ruined By Unholy Trio’ (Press, 16 June 1979)","On 16 June 1979, the Old Bailey was the setting for the closing speech in the trial of former Liberal leader Jeremy Thorpe, who faced accusations related to his complex and tumultuous relationship with Norman Scott. During this session, Thorpe's counsel, George Carman, Q.C., described his client's situation as one of ""private grief and agony,"" stemming largely from a misfortune that began with his encounters with Scott, particularly at a time when Thorpe was grappling with his own homosexual tendencies. Carman expressed that Thorpe's political future had been irrevocably damaged, with his personal weaknesses laid bare before the public. He referred to the Crown's three main witnesses as the ""unholy trio,"" disparaging Norman Scott as a liar and scrounger, Peter Bessell as the ""Judas Iscariot"" of British politics, and Andrew Newton, labelling him as a self-proclaimed ""hit man"" whose truthfulness was often in question. Throughout his argument, Carman highlighted Thorpe’s significant contributions to British politics, marking him as a figure whose ability and dedication were invaluable. He noted that the political landscape would be diminished without individuals like Thorpe, who had endured personal tragedies, including the death of his first wife and the public scrutiny of unfounded allegations during the trial. The pressures faced by Thorpe were portrayed as overwhelming, leaving lasting scars, especially considering the distress of the situation for his family. Carman defended Thorpe's decision not to testify, arguing that such a choice did not equate to guilt. He pointed out that the motivations behind some individuals’ testimonies were questionable, suggesting that those with potential financial gain from the case may have been inclined to provide false testimony. The counsel also challenged the credibility of the Crown's evidence, suggesting that they had inadvertently discredited their own witness, Newton. He accused the prosecution of inviting the jury into a convoluted guessing game regarding the truthfulness of each witness’s statements. Furthermore, Carman condemned the unprincipled behaviour of the media, asserting that it had clouded the pursuit of justice in the case. Overall, the closing remarks painted a picture of a man besieged by both personal and political turmoil, undermined by former associates and misrepresented by the media, as he awaited the verdict of the jury.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790616_2_74_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790616.2.74.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298296000
4919,20,06,1979,"Scott ‘fraud, Crook, But Could Be Telling... (Press, 20 June 1979)","In a high-profile trial in London regarding former Liberal leader Jeremy Thorpe, Mr Justice Cantley has scrutinised the credibility of key prosecution witness Norman Scott, branding him a ""crook"" and a ""fraud."" During his closing remarks on the 27th day of the trial, the judge acknowledged Scott's negative attributes, describing him as an accomplished sponger and an expert at evoking sympathy. However, he cautioned that despite these observations, the jury should still consider the possibility that Scott might be telling the truth. The trial revolves around allegations against Thorpe and three others, concerning a conspiracy related to Scott. Cantley highlighted that while Scott's testimony may point to a homosexual relationship between him and Thorpe, it does not necessarily prove the allegations of more serious crimes, such as the claim of buggery. He indicated that Scott's credibility was compromised, noting that Scott had a history of deceit to enhance his public image and survival. This included a nervous breakdown, after which Scott made allegations of a homosexual relationship with Thorpe that lack substantial foundation. The judge differentiated between witnesses, stating that Andrew Newton, a former airline pilot, appeared to be an accomplice and a dangerous basis for conviction without corroboration. He portrayed Peter Bessell, another witness, as intelligent but also capable of hypocrisy, complicating the jury's ability to assess the case. The judge reminded the jury of the esteemed reputation of the accused, questioning whether individuals of such standing would engage in the alleged misconduct. Justice Cantley also addressed the significance of the defendants choosing not to testify, explaining that this should not be interpreted as evidence of guilt. The prosecution bears the burden of proof, and if the jury remains unsure, they are obligated to acquit. Additionally, he pointed out that the pursuit of profit by certain witnesses had compromised evidence quality in the trial. He cautioned against the media's role in sensationalising the case, asserting that journalism should uphold ethical standards to protect the integrity of justice. Overall, the judge's summary called on the jury to weigh the evidence carefully, taking into account the negative portrayal of Scott while remaining open to the possibility of his truthfulness. He concluded that despite the bizarre nature of the case, the jury's duty was to convict only if they were convinced beyond a reasonable doubt that the alleged crimes had been committed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790620_2_78_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790620.2.78.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298641600
4066,21,06,1979,"Gay Garb On Display (Press, 21 June 1979)","On 21 June 1979, it was announced that members of the gay community in Wellington will wear pink carnations next Thursday in observance of International Gay Solidarity Day. Following that, the next day has been designated as Blue Jeans Day. This initiative is part of the “We Are Everywhere” campaign, which aims to promote equal rights for homosexuals. In support of this cause, a range of special T-shirts and badges has been introduced for those who advocate for gay rights. On Blue Jeans Day, gay individuals and their supporters are encouraged to wear blue jeans to visually reflect the number and diversity of homosexuals in New Zealand. Mr Gavin Young, a spokesman for Gay Liberation, expressed hope that this year would see an even greater turnout than the inaugural Blue Jeans Day held the previous year. He highlighted the success of last year's event and expressed optimism for increased participation. Additionally, Gay Pride Week is set to commence on Saturday, further showcasing the efforts and visibility of the gay community in pursuing equal rights and fostering understanding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790621_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790621.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298728000
4920,21,06,1979,"Jury Out In Thorpe Case After Judge Slates... (Press, 21 June 1979)","The trial of Jeremy Thorpe, a former leader of the Liberal Party, has now progressed to the jury deliberation stage after nearly a month of intense legal proceedings. Thorpe, aged 50, along with three co-defendants, faces charges related to a conspiracy to murder Norman Scott, a former male model who alleges they had a homosexual relationship in the early 1960s. The trial, which began on 18 May 1979, has captured significant media attention in what has been termed ""the trial of the century."" During the trial, the defendants have maintained their innocence. The judge, Sir Joseph Cantley, undertook a comprehensive summation of the case, which he described as ""bizarre and surprising."" He spent 12 hours, spread over two days, addressing the jury before they retreated to consider their verdict. The judge highlighted the gravity of the situation for the jury, stating they were about to cast votes that could determine the fate of Thorpe's life. Thope's political career has taken a downturn; he had remained a prominent figure for a decade before resigning from his leadership role in 1976 and subsequently losing his parliamentary seat in the 1979 General Election. His co-defendants include his associate David Holmes and businessmen John le Mesurier and George Deakin. In court, Norman Scott, aged 38, has made allegations of an affair with Thorpe, which the politician has denied. The prosecution asserts that the accused conspired against Scott, who had been candid about the supposed relationship. A key prosecution witness, Andrew Newton, claimed he was hired to kill Scott but ended up shooting only Scott's dog in 1975. The judge had critical remarks about Scott, labelling him a ""liar"" and ""parasite,"" while acknowledging that he could still be truthful in his testimony. He cautioned the jury to scrutinise Newton’s evidence carefully, suggesting that it was motivated by his potential self-interest as an accomplice. Sir Joseph Cantley encouraged the jury to consider if there was a conspiracy intended to intimidate Scott, as it wasn't disputed that a conspiracy involving Newton existed. He remarked that the actions taken to threaten or potentially harm Scott were carelessly executed, implying that real conspirators would have acted with more caution to avoid detection. The judge also remarked on the circumstantial nature of the evidence against Thorpe, suggesting the jury take into account the implications of motive while stating it was not definitive. He painted Scott as a resentful individual with a long-standing grievance against Thorpe, proposing that his ongoing narrative had the potential to jeopardise Thorpe's political career, leading to speculation about an interest in silencing Scott. As the jury reflects on the complicated tapestry of testimony and accusations, the outcome remains heavily weighted on the inferences drawn from this peculiar and high-profile case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790621_2_74_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790621.2.74.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298728000
4921,22,06,1979,"Thorpe Jury: Second Day Of Deliberation (Press, 22 June 1979)","On 22 June 1979, the jury in the high-profile trial of British politician Jeremy Thorpe continued deliberating whether he plotted to kill his former homosexual lover, Norman Scott. The jury, comprised of nine men and three women, had begun considering their verdicts on Wednesday, after a lengthy trial that had lasted 29 days. Despite spending six hours on their deliberations, they did not reach a verdict and returned to the Old Bailey court without any sign that a decision was near. Judge Sir Joseph Cantley had instructed the jury to take their time, indicating there was no rush. Thorpe, the 50-year-old former leader of the Liberal Party, is accused alongside three other men of conspiring to murder Scott, who has claimed they had a homosexual relationship in the early 1960s. Thorpe faces an additional charge of incitement to murder. Scott, a key prosecution witness, has alleged that a hired hitman attempted to kill him in 1975 but mistakenly shot dead his dog instead. All four defendants have denied the charges. In his summation, Judge Cantley expressed strong criticism of the prosecution's key witnesses, labelling Scott a ""crook, parasite, and spineless neurotic."" He also stated that the evidence against Thorpe was largely circumstantial. Until the jury's deliberation began, Thorpe and his co-defendants had been free on bail, but standard British legal practice led to their bail being cancelled at that stage of the trial. Consequently, instead of exiting the courtroom as he typically had, Thorpe was taken down to the cells of the Old Bailey. The judge took precautions to keep the jury insulated from external influences, ordering that no media could report on Thorpe's incarceration, which might affect the jurors' deliberations. Although newspapers had sought to report this development during the trial, their requests were denied to maintain the integrity of the jury's process. As the jury's deliberation continues, the legal proceedings surrounding this notable case remain a subject of significant public and media attention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790622_2_25_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790622.2.25.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298814400
7657,23,06,1979,"Tribunal Reserves Decision On Hook (Press, 23 June 1979)","On 23 June 1979, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington, New Zealand, reserved its decision regarding a controversial book titled “Make It Happy — What Sex Is All About.” This book, described as a sex manual aimed at primary school children, elicited significant concern from the Secretary of Justice, represented by Mr G. E. Tanner, who requested that access to the book be restricted to those over 18 years of age, unless under instruction. Mr Tanner articulated that while certain sections of the book—especially those discussing reproduction, contraception, diseases, health matters, and rape—might not be seen as objectionable, the overall content was not suitable for its intended readership. He pointed out that the book tended to normalise sexual activity among adolescents, including young children, reducing it to a mechanical act devoid of emotional or moral considerations. The text was accused of portraying sexual activity as something purely for physical pleasure, with undesirable outcomes merely framed as unwanted pregnancies or diseases. Additionally, Mr Tanner raised concerns about how the book approached sensitive topics such as homosexuality, sodomy, bestiality, and incest. He argued that the way these subjects were presented could suggest to children that they were natural and acceptable behaviours. The discussion surrounding legal implications was also problematic, as the laws referenced in the book were not reflective of New Zealand's legal context, but rather an Australian state's laws. This could mislead young readers into believing that any legislative restrictions were simply unjust laws. With a retail price of $2.95, Mr Tanner expressed concern regarding the book's accessibility to children, emphasising that its wide readership potential represented significant risks. The tribunal's decision remains pending as they consider the various arguments presented regarding the book's content, significance, and impact on young readers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790623_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790623.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,298900800
7077,25,06,1979,"'Gavline' Extends Service (Press, 25 June 1979)","The local telephone counselling service known as ""Gayline"" is extending its operating hours in celebration of Gay Pride Week, which has commenced. This service offers support, advice, and what one organiser, Mr Barry Mitchell, describes as ""warm acceptance"" to individuals with sexual orientations that differ from societal norms. Typically, on a Saturday night, the service receives an average of 15 calls from various individuals, including openly homosexual individuals, transexuals, transvestites, and those who are not yet open about their sexuality. To accommodate the increased demand during Gay Pride Week, Gayline will be available from today until next Saturday, operating evenings from 7.30 p.m. to 9.30 p.m. and also offering morning sessions from 9.30 a.m. to 11.30 a.m. on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. The contact number for the service is 794-796, allowing those in need of support to reach out during this significant week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790625_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790625.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299073600
4923,25,06,1979,"Champagne For Thorpe (Press, 25 June 1979)","On 25 June 1979, British politician Jeremy Thorpe was acquitted of conspiracy to murder after a high-profile 31-day trial at London’s Old Bailey. Thorpe, who is 50 years old, was once a prominent leader of the Liberal Party and had celebrated his acquittal with champagne over the weekend. This trial was significantly marked by the drama surrounding allegations made by a former lover, 38-year-old Norman Scott, who claimed a homosexual relationship with Thorpe in the early 1960s. The trial also led to Thorpe's electoral defeat just days before its commencement, ending a 20-year parliamentary career. During the trial, the jury deliberated for 52 hours to determine whether Thorpe and three other defendants — David Holmes, John le Mesurier, and George Deakin — had conspired to murder Scott. The prosecution argued that a hired hit-man, Andrew Newton, had attempted to kill Scott in 1975 but mistakenly shot his Great Dane instead. Thorpe consistently denied any involvement with Scott, including allegations of incitement to murder. After his acquittal, Thorpe described the outcome for himself and the three others as a ""total vindication."" However, he did not indicate plans for a political comeback and opted for a time away from public scrutiny with his family. Thorpe's political future remains uncertain, as he may need to wait for up to five years for a potential opportunity to reclaim his former parliamentary seat under the new Conservative government. Throughout the trial, Thorpe refrained from taking the witness stand, opting instead to maintain his silence aside from denying the charges against him. With his reputation once seen as among the most popular politicians in Britain, the conclusion of this lengthy legal battle leaves his career at a crossroads.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790625_2_76_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790625.2.76.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299073600
4922,25,06,1979,"Homosexuals Barred (Press, 25 June 1979)","On 25 June 1979, new regulations were announced regarding homosexuality in the Armed Forces of New Zealand. The Defence Council deemed these regulations necessary to maintain discipline within the military. The Secretary of Defence, Mr D. B. McLean, stated that personnel suspected of being homosexual could be discharged. He explained that the introduction of these regulations was intended to ""tidy matters up,"" despite acknowledging that claims of significant issues with homosexuality in the Services were unfounded. Mr McLean articulated the belief that homosexuality was harmful to the good order and discipline essential in military life. He emphasised the need to preserve command relationships and noted the potential erosion of respect among personnel who might suspect that their superiors or peers were engaging in homosexual acts. The close quarters of military life make such perceptions particularly damaging, according to Mr McLean. In response, Mr M. Waghorne, the secretary of the Gay Rights Coalition, argued that the new regulations merely formalised practices that had been in place for some time, as homosexuals had previously faced discharge from the Services if suspected of their sexual orientation. This statement highlighted the ongoing tensions between military policy and the rights of homosexual individuals within the Armed Forces.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790625_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790625.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299073600
4924,26,06,1979,"Huge Parades (Press, 26 June 1979)","On 26 June 1979, tens of thousands of homosexuals participated in a significant march along Fifth Avenue in New York City, commemorating the 10th anniversary of the Stonewall riots, which are widely regarded as the catalyst for the national homosexual rights movement. The event featured a ten-block long procession that included festive elements such as floats, as well as a diverse array of participants, including a female impersonator dressed as Superman and a man in a wedding gown. Many marchers were accompanied by children, signalling family involvement in the celebration. One of the main organisers of the event stated that the march aimed to support efforts to pass a new bill in the New York City Council, which sought to prohibit discrimination against homosexuals in areas such as housing, employment, and public accommodation. This legislative push indicates the ongoing struggle for equal rights and protection for the LGBTQ+ community. The demonstrations were a reflection on the tumultuous events that transpired a decade earlier at the Stonewall Inn, a popular bar for homosexuals. During a police raid on the establishment, patrons reacted with anger, leading to a violent confrontation that saw a small fire being set and objects, including a parking meter, hurled at law enforcement. This riot resulted in the arrest of ten individuals and injuries to seven officers and highlighted the systemic harassment faced by the homosexual community at the time. The anniversary march not only served as a celebration of progress made over the past ten years but also as a reminder of the ongoing struggles and a rallying point for those advocating for equal rights and protections for homosexuals in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790626_2_60_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790626.2.60.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299160000
4925,27,06,1979,"Homosexuals In Forces (Press, 27 June 1979)","On 27 June 1979, letters to the editor in a New Zealand publication expressed strong criticism regarding the Ministry of Defence's decision to purge homosexuals from the armed forces. Sandra M. Legge articulated concern that this initiative demonstrates a broader societal issue, suggesting that New Zealand is constrained by traditional moral values dictated by older politicians. She argued that New Zealanders typically show a low tolerance for diverse lifestyles and are resistant to change, describing the repression faced by homosexuals as a troubling reflection of societal attitudes. Legge warned that such governmental actions signify the beginning of a moral witch-hunt against these individuals. Similarly, Paul Maling responded to the Secretary of Defence, Mr D. B. McLean, who claimed that ""erosion of command relationships"" results from personnel believing that their superiors or comrades engage in homosexual acts. Maling countered that the appropriate response would be to discharge those unable to respect others' sexual orientations, rather than targeting suspected homosexuals for discharge. He noted that many men can be identified as potentially facultative homosexuals and suggested that the collapse of respect arises solely from a conservative minority within the military. Maling expressed concern that codifying such prejudices would allow unfounded suspicion to be used as a tool to eliminate those seen as competition for promotions, drawing historical parallels to such tactics used by the Nazi regime against certain individuals. He questioned the genuineness of maintaining ""good order and discipline"" under these new regulations. The letters reflect a growing public discourse around sexual orientation, rights, and the implications of policy decisions in the context of New Zealand society during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790627_2_153_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790627.2.153.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299246400
7425,29,06,1979,"Homosexuals In Forces (Press, 29 June 1979)","In a collection of letters to the editor published on 29 June 1979, various authors expressed their views on the presence of homosexuals in the Armed Forces, particularly referencing a previous letter that highlighted experiences within the R.A.F. College at Cranwell. The initial correspondent, Varian J. Wilson, described a tolerant environment where homosexuals lived alongside heterosexuals during his four years at the college. While he noted a lack of direct persecution, he mentioned that the homosexuals often caused disturbances among their peers, leading to conflicts and jealousy, which disturbed the peace in the quarters. Despite some tensions related to their behaviour, Wilson emphasised the need for additional disciplinary measures in military settings due to the unique dynamics at play. Gloria Adams responded by expressing sadness towards the idea of excluding homosexuals from the Armed Forces, labelling it an indication of insecurity and intolerance from those advocating for such exclusions. She suggested that those who feel the need to attack others based on sexuality should reflect on their own issues with sexuality instead. In a provocative stance, she proposed that perhaps society should instead consider removing those engaging in heterosexual behaviours from military service to ensure absolute respect. J.G. Jones offered a different perspective. He acknowledged his opposition to job discrimination based on sexual preference but leaned toward the view that the Armed Forces might be better off without homosexuals. Jones argued that engaging in homosexual acts might detract from one's effectiveness in combat roles, although he affirmed the complexity of human sexuality, referencing Freudian theory to suggest that bisexuality is a fundamental aspect of people. He expressed skepticism that military leaders would adjust their views on this matter in a timely manner, predicting a disconnect that could persist for another fifty years. These letters collectively reflect the tension and varying opinions on sexual orientation within military service during that time, illustrating a broader societal dialogue on the subject.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790629_2_94_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790629.2.94.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299419200
4926,02,07,1979,"Boss “set Up Fake Robbery To Frame Anti-apartheid... (Press, 2 July 1979)","In a surprising revelation, South African journalist Gordon Winter has claimed that the country's Bureau for State Security, known as Boss, orchestrated attempts to tarnish the reputations of prominent political figures, including British politician Jeremy Thorpe and anti-apartheid activist Peter Hain. In an interview broadcasted on London Weekend Television, Winter, who asserts he was a high-level spy for Boss for 16 years, detailed his allegations. His claims were widely reported in the ""Rand Daily Mail,"" a liberal newspaper known for exposing corruption within South Africa's defunct Information Department. Winter explained that he was recruited by General Hendrik van den Bergh, the former head of Boss, in 1963, and that General Koos Kemp served as his handler. Winter's allegations include Boss's involvement in the controversy surrounding Jeremy Thorpe, who was recently acquitted of conspiracy to murder Norman Scott, a man who claimed to have had a homosexual relationship with Thorpe. Winter alleged that Boss had tried to influence the 1974 British elections by exploiting the allegations against Thorpe to favour the Conservative Party, which was preferred by the South African government. Additionally, Winter contended that Boss staged the robbery of a London bank in 1975 and that Hain was wrongfully prosecuted for the crime. He claimed that a ""double"" of Hain was used to conduct the robbery. Furthermore, Winter implicated Boss in the murder of Keith Wallace, a journalist who had moved from Johannesburg to London, on the grounds that Wallace had gathered too much sensitive information. Throughout the interview, Winter, who has reportedly fled South Africa with his family due to fears for their safety following the torture of a black nanny's daughter, expressed remorse over his previous actions. He claimed to have retained various documents and audio recordings related to Boss operations, and he alleged that the agency was actively seeking him out. In response to Winter's explosive claims, General van den Bergh dismissed his statements as ""absolute nonsense,"" acknowledging only that Winter was a security-police informer but not the high-level operative he claimed to be. He categorically rejected the assertions regarding the involvement of South Africa in the Thorpe case, the bank robbery, and the murder of Wallace. These startling allegations have stirred significant controversy, hinting at deeper connections between South African intelligence operations and foreign political matters during a tumultuous period marked by apartheid and political strife. Winter's interview and the subsequent backlash could have lasting implications for all parties involved, revealing not only the extent of Boss's clandestine activities but also the intricate interplay between politics and espionage during the era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790702_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790702.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299678400
4067,03,07,1979,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 3 July 1979)","On 3 July 1979, a series of letters to the editor were published in ""The Press,"" showcasing a variety of community concerns and opinions from Christchurch, New Zealand. Guidelines for letter submissions emphasized brevity, clarity, and authenticity, specifying that letters must include the writer's full name and address, and restricted the use of pen names. The editor noted the reasons for rejecting some letters, including length and suitability. Several correspondents addressed contemporary social issues. A writer responded to a previous letter concerning trout fishing, clarifying the existence of a sanctuary in the Avon River where young anglers can fish. In another letter, a group criticized remarks made by the Queen during a visit to a nuclear weapons research centre, arguing that her endorsement of nuclear deterrence was morally outdated. Political discourse featured prominently, with one correspondent questioning the impartiality of election boundary commissioners, while another engaged in a critical discussion regarding the neutrality of political representation. A traffic officer provided clarification on the regulations regarding agricultural trailers, responding to concerns about unregistered elevated vehicles seen on the roads. Letters also highlighted ongoing debates about public health policies, specifically fluoridation in Christchurch, with one writer opposing mandatory fluoridation and others expressing gratitude to councillors who voted against it based on individual choice. There were also discussions about sports and priorities during economic challenges. Concerns were raised about societal attitudes towards public speaking events, particularly referencing the invitation of a South African representative, with calls for more diverse viewpoints. Letters included various other local issues, from transportation and tourism to inquiries about proposed rail services to Westport. Additional topics covered included a critical evaluation of smoking statistics from a 1976 census, calls for exploration of alternative fuels in light of energy crises, and perspectives on homosexual conduct within military forces. The discourse reflected evolving societal attitudes and stresses the impact of global and local politics upon communities. Overall, the letters reflect a vibrant engagement from citizens concerned about governance, health, environmental integrity, social justice, and community values, forming a vital dialogue about the concurrent sociopolitical landscape of New Zealand in 1979.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790703_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790703.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299764800
4927,04,07,1979,"Homosexuals And Forces (Press, 4 July 1979)","On 4 July 1979, New Zealand's Minister of Defence, Mr Gill, addressed the Armed Services' stance on homosexuality, clarifying the conditions under which servicemen and women could be dismissed. He stated that individuals would not be discharged solely on the basis of being suspected of homosexuality, nor for being homosexual per se. Dismissals would only occur if it could be proven that they were practising homosexuals, meaning they engaged in homosexual acts while serving. Mr Gill's statements came in response to questions about a recent Defence Council order regarding homosexual conduct. The order specified that servicemen and servicewomen would be discharged if found guilty of an offence related to homosexual conduct or if they were established as practising homosexuals. This clarified that mere suspicion would not result in any disciplinary action. During his comments in Parliament, Mr Gill responded to a query from Miss Marilyn Waring regarding historical regulations barring suspected homosexuals from service. He confirmed that no past or current regulations allowed for the discharge of individuals based on such suspicion and noted that there were no historical records of anyone avoiding compulsory military service by claiming to be homosexual. According to reports, no servicemen in the New Zealand Armed Forces had faced charges based on mere suspicion of homosexuality. In the past five years, however, two servicemen were dismissed for engaging in homosexual acts, and a third faced disciplinary action leading to discharge. Administrative discharges were also granted to several servicemen who admitted to being practising homosexuals. Miss Waring also inquired about the reporting of incidents of intimidation, molestation, or rape by female personnel. Mr Gill stated that obtaining accurate statistics on such reports was challenging, but he noted that there had been no court-martial convictions for such offences against female servicemen. However, two servicemen were fined for using obscene language towards servicewomen, and one faced penalties for indecent assault. Overall, Mr Gill affirmed that thorough investigations would occur whenever allegations of homosexual offences were raised, with great care taken due to the sensitivity of such allegations. He emphasised that only with sufficient evidence would an investigation lead to prosecution, highlighting the potential harm false accusations could have on individuals in the services.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790704_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790704.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299851200
4928,04,07,1979,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 4 July 1979)","On 4 July 1979, several letters were published in ""The Press"" addressing various contemporary issues, showcasing the thoughts and opinions of the public. A significant focus was on the contentious topic of water fluoridation in Christchurch. A correspondent named A. H. Bennett expressed concerns over fluoride's alleged health effects, arguing that promoting healthier dietary habits would be a more responsible approach than fluoridation. Mark D. Sadler congratulated the council subcommittee for rejecting the fluoridation proposal, suggesting that alternative measures, such as fluoridised salt, are worthy of consideration. In contrast, L. A. Glass reported on a U.S. court case which ultimately supported the continuation of fluoridation, citing that claims linking it to cancer were not substantiated. The annual Telethon event also drew letters, with R. V. Shaw praising the initiative for fostering community spirit, contrasting with Adam Burchall who critiqued it as a superficial approach to charity, suggesting more direct methods of helping those in need. Discussions surrounding the effectiveness of superannuation policies were highlighted by T. E. Turner, who accused the government of breaking election promises regarding superannuation calculations. This sparked further commentary about workers' rights and industrial disputes, with D. J. Chapman lamenting the influence of unions on industry and transport. On the matter of homosexuality in the armed forces, Paul Maling questioned the motives behind new regulations for discharging suspected homosexuals, arguing the existence of homosexuals within the military has always been a reality. Jim Upston voiced discontent with the budgetary decisions impacting the arable farming sector, highlighting rising costs without adequate public benefits in return. Similarly, criticism arose regarding the role of public servants in a letter by John Bateman, who argued for the need for greater private enterprise involvement in the economy. Environmental concerns also featured, particularly about air pollution, with Patrick Neary emphasising the potential dangers overshadowing economic issues. A call for humane alternatives to gin traps in animal trapping practices came from E. Dunlop, highlighting shifting attitudes towards animal rights. Overall, the letters illustrated diverse public sentiment on pressing social, political, and environmental topics in New Zealand during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790704_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790704.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,299851200
4929,06,07,1979,"‘Homosexual’ Order (Press, 6 July 1979)","On 6 July 1979, questions were raised in the New Zealand Parliament concerning a Defence Council Order related to homosexual acts among members of the Armed Services. The order underscored the importance of effective command structures in maintaining discipline and mutual respect within the military. It highlighted that the armed forces have unique standards of conduct, which make certain actions, such as theft and assaults, more significant in military life than in civilian contexts. The order specified that behaviours deemed prejudicial to service discipline, including homosexual acts, disrupt the hierarchical relationships essential for an effective military. The Defence Council noted that the perception of respect within military ranks could deteriorate if personnel believed their superiors or peers engaged in homosexual acts. Additionally, the conditions under which military personnel operate necessitated a zero-tolerance approach to such conduct in the interest of the service community. The order acknowledged inconsistencies in how homosexual activities had been managed across the services, especially regarding how male and female homosexual acts were addressed. The Defence Council asserted that the impact of homosexual acts was equivalent, regardless of the gender involved. To clarify expectations, the Defence Council stated that homosexual acts by service members could discredit the military and undermine discipline. As a result, any serviceman or servicewoman found guilty of homosexual conduct would face discharge unless their case resulted in a different form of disciplinary action. Furthermore, it was mandated that all military personnel be regularly informed of the provisions outlined in this order by their Chiefs of Staff. This approach aimed to ensure a consistent and clear understanding of appropriate behaviour within the military.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790706_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790706.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,300024000
4930,06,07,1979,"Homosexuals In Forces (Press, 6 July 1979)","In a letter published on 6 July 1979, Varian J. Wilson addressed the issue of the treatment of homosexuals within the military. He expressed his belief that claims of persecution against homosexuals in the armed forces were not supported by facts, a point that he felt disappointed ""gay propagandists."" Wilson contrasted his own military experience, which involved working alongside cookhouse staff and military police, with that of Paul Maling, who had served in a combat division. This led him to reflect on the potential correlation between certain military roles and the prevalence of homosexual behaviour among personnel. He mentioned a conversation with a military psychiatrist, who suggested that personnel administrators often assigned “notorious troublemakers” to serve with others deemed similar, implying that such assignments were strategic, possibly to mitigate issues within the ranks. Wilson noted two servicemen who were perceived to be disruptive and believed to be homosexual but had left with clean reports, highlighting the ambiguity surrounding the identification of homosexuals in the military. He pointed out that there are no psychological tests specifically for homosexuality, and even direct admissions can be regarded with suspicion. Additionally, Wilson acknowledged the historical figures of Kitchener and Gordon, clarifying that he did not take a contemporary psychoanalytic approach to label them as perverts, despite having studied their careers during a visit to Khartoum. His letter articulated a critical view of the assumptions about homosexuality in the military, suggesting that bias and misinterpretation play significant roles in the discourse surrounding the subject.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790706_2_119_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790706.2.119.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,300024000
4931,09,07,1979,"Homosexuals In Forces (Press, 9 July 1979)","In a letter published on 9 July 1979, Paul Maling expresses concern over a statement made by Mr Gill regarding military policy on homosexuality. Mr Gill indicated that while suspicion of homosexuality had not previously warranted discharge or disciplinary action, new measures would allow for discharges based on ""an offence connected with homosexual conduct"" or ""for homosexual acts."" Maling argues that this broad definition could have dire implications. He suggests that almost any interaction between same-sex individuals could be classified as homosexual conduct, claiming that even mundane activities, such as passing tools or food, could fall under this category. Furthermore, he critiques the ambiguity of military regulations that could enable commanders to charge soldiers with offences based on practically any behaviour they choose to define, citing the King's Regulations which allow for expansive interpretations of behaviour deemed detrimental to military discipline. Maling warns that this shift could lead to arbitrary punishments, enabling authorities to suspect and expel anyone based on mere suspicion of homosexuality. The letter raises significant issues regarding the definitions and interpretations of conduct within the military, highlighting the potential for misuse of power and the detrimental impact on service members' rights and dignity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790709_2_119_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790709.2.119.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,300283200
6629,09,07,1979,"Simon Play Highlights American Sterility (Press, 9 July 1979)","The play ""Last of the Red Hot Lovers,"" written by Neil Simon and directed by Bryan Aitken, is currently showing at The Court Theatre in Christchurch as of 9 July 1979. The production runs from 8 p.m. to 10.12 p.m. The reviewer, Howard McNaughton, offers a critical perspective on the play, noting its superficiality compared to the more profound works of Samuel Beckett, with whom Simon is being contrasted. While Simon's work is portrayed as a criticism of the sterility of the American dream through the character of Barney, a middle-aged fishmonger who explores infidelity, Beckett’s writing is described as questioning morbid themes rather than endorsing them. The review indicates that the first act effectively establishes a light comedic tone with Barney trying to break free from his 23-year marriage through various escapades. As the acts progress, Barney's experiences culminate in a more serious tone, particularly in the final act where failed attempts to connect with his wife highlight the disappointments of his character and life choices. The play transforms from comedy into a cautionary tale that carries a pessimistic view of relationships and self-worth. McNaughton notes that while the play’s comedic moments are plentiful, particularly in the first two acts, the transition to seriousness may vary for different audience members. He suggests that the majority might perceive it as a series of comedic episodes with a brief moment of seriousness at the end. The review praises the quality of acting, particularly the performances of Charles Hambling as Barney, Elizabeth Moody as his customer, and Judie Douglass in a challenging role as a melancholic character. However, he also mentions that the credibility of Douglass’s character is somewhat undermined by her costuming, which did not fit with her portrayal. In closing, the reviewer acknowledges that ""Last of the Red Hot Lovers"" is likely to appeal to those who enjoy Neil Simon's style, akin to previous successful productions by The Court Theatre like ""Middle Age Spread"" and ""Absurd Person Singular."" Overall, the review combines an appreciation for the performances while offering a critical lens on the themes and depth of the script itself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790709_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790709.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,300283200
4068,12,07,1979,"Kids Love Freddie, Gays Don’t (Press, 12 July 1979)","In July 1979, the Hutt Valley Milk Corporation faced criticism from members of the gay community over their marketing campaign featuring a new line of flavoured yoghurt. The campaign introduced a set of 16 characters, with Freddie Fruit Salad being a focal point. Freddie's depiction, which includes a limp wrist and a handbag, was seen by some as reinforcing negative stereotypes about homosexuals. Carol McPhail, a member of Gay Liberation, voiced her concerns, stating that characters like Freddie contribute to public misconceptions and hinder the acceptance of gay individuals as ordinary people. Despite the controversy, the marketing initiative has resonated with children, with Mr P. Smith, the corporation’s marketing manager, reporting significant interest. Approximately 5,000 New Zealanders had reached out for more information regarding Freddie and his companions, and the ""Crazy Yogit"" club boasted around 550 members based in Wellington. Mr Smith highlighted that while Freddie is portrayed as having quirky characteristics and walking ""a little funny,"" he is not overtly presented as gay. The situation raises questions about the sensitivity involved in marketing strategies and the impact of character representations on societal perceptions, particularly regarding the LGBTQ+ community. The juxtaposition of the enthusiasm from young audiences against the discontent from gay rights advocates underscores the complexities within advertising narratives during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790712_2_189.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790712.2.189,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,300542400
7802,12,07,1979,"Women ‘lying’ To Beat The Abortion System — Miss... (Press, 12 July 1979)","Miss Marilyn Waring, Member of Parliament for Waipa, has revealed that a conservative estimate indicates 3,857 New Zealand women sought abortions in Australia during the year ending March 31, 1979. This figure was presented at an hour-long meeting with the Abortion Supervisory Committee, which acknowledged that the country's abortion legislation was ineffective. Waring cited data from the Sisters Overseas Service (SOS), medical practitioners, and Australian abortion clinics to support her claims. She highlighted that both women and doctors have resorted to deception to bypass restrictive laws, pointing out that women in Invercargill were able to obtain abortions by using false addresses in Christchurch. Similarly, Wellington residents were using addresses in Hutt to secure abortions. Waring expressed doubt that the committee would recommend any significant legal changes, despite their recognition of systemic failures. Waring was asked to address the committee after previously citing problems within the abortion system. She presented materials, including a survey of doctors' attitudes towards abortion criteria and case histories of women seeking abortions. However, the committee deemed her contributions largely irrelevant to its jurisdiction. According to Waring, the number of women travelling to Australia for abortions starkly contrasts with the 2,466 abortions performed in New Zealand between March 1, 1976, and April 1, 1979. She noted that these figures may be understated, as they were based solely on known referrals. She further suggested that many women travelled without medical referral, asserting that the Australian clinics reported that New Zealand women frequently arrived unassisted. The current abortion system has caused significant distress for many women, with Waring estimating that around $2 million annually is lost as a result of this situation. She also provided evidence that over 100 women had to travel 200 miles or more to access abortion services in New Zealand. Alarmingly, 56 per cent of abortion facilities did not offer any counselling services, and there was a considerable discrepancy in doctors' opinions on appropriate criteria for abortions. Waring stated her intention to distribute her findings to fellow parliamentarians, emphasising the need for legislative action. However, she noted that the committee was more focused on political implications rather than on the legal aspects of the issue. While the committee acknowledged her material as ""interesting"", they suggested that a future report to Parliament on the abortion legislation was unlikely to happen soon. Waring encouraged the committee to reach out to Australian clinics for further information on the number of women travelling for abortions, although the committee declined to do so.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790712_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790712.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,300542400
7658,18,07,1979,"Split At Top In Iran Forces Yawns Wider (Press, 18 July 1979)","On 18 July 1979, Brigadier-General Taqi Riahi, Iran's Defence Minister, announced his resignation amid growing tensions within the military and criticism from his chief adversary, General Siaf Amir Rahimi, the military police commander. General Rahimi accused the Iranian government of inadequately addressing the violence erupting in the country's ethnic regions, particularly among Iranians of Arab and Kurdish descent. In a telephone interview, Riahi confirmed his resignation but held back further comments until a formal government declaration. Shortly before this announcement, a government spokesman claimed that Riahi had not resigned, creating confusion surrounding the situation. Riahi's resignation followed his unsuccessful attempt to dismiss Rahimi from his position last week. Rahimi, a staunch military figure, alleged that some senior army officials were conspiring against him, aiming to undermine the revolution. Riahi's efforts to remove Rahimi were thwarted by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeiny, the de facto leader of Iran, who countermanded the dismissal. General Rahimi demanded that the Revolutionary Council and the Cabinet appoint him as the commander of military forces at the trouble-prone western borders, which had recently witnessed an alarming spike in violence. The violence was notably acute in places like Khorramshahr, where a tragic grenade attack on a packed mosque resulted in seven fatalities and over sixty injuries. In response, Iranian authorities arrested and executed five individuals alleged to be members of the Black Wednesday Arab guerrilla group, believed to be involved in the deadly attack. Additionally, Revolutionary Guards raided the residence of Sheih Taher Shobeir Khaghani, an Arab religious leader, reportedly discovering weapons there. The violence and unrest extended to other cities, where multiple executions took place. In Dezful, three men were executed for murdering anti-Shah demonstrators, and a teacher faced a firing squad for the rape of female students. Other individuals were executed in Sezful for charges of adultery and sodomy, along with a man put to death in Orumiyeh for killing anti-Shah demonstrators. The trend of executions continued with a woman executed in Kermanshah for operating brothels and a heroin trafficker executed in Isfahan. These events illustrate the increasingly volatile atmosphere in post-revolutionary Iran, marked by internal power struggles, ethnic conflicts, and a harsh approach to dissent and crime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790718_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790718.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,301060800
7803,20,07,1979,"Tom, Dick, And Harry (Press, 20 July 1979)","On 20 July 1979, Miss Marilyn Waring, the member for Waipa, addressed Parliament during the Budget debate, highlighting the challenges faced by domestic purposes beneficiaries. She critiqued societal attitudes towards personal relationships, suggesting that it was perceived as acceptable for individuals to have a variety of short-term partners, but not to engage in stable relationships with the same person throughout the week. Waring's statements pointed to a broader issue concerning the expectations and judgments placed upon beneficiaries, specifically relating to their personal lives, which often drew scrutiny and stigma. Her comments aimed to shed light on the complexities and issues that domestic purposes beneficiaries encounter within societal frameworks and legislative discussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790720_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790720.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,301233600
6630,28,07,1979,"Poems From Unborn Part Of Her Mind (Press, 28 July 1979)","Jan Kemp, a 30-year-old poet from New Zealand, recently concluded a tour across the country alongside fellow poets Sam Hunt, Alistair Campbell, and Hone Tuwhare. Over four weeks, they visited schools, colleges, and universities, receiving overwhelming responses from audiences of various backgrounds. Kemp expressed her views on poetry, stating it is a blend of gift and hard work, often a solitary process. She likened writing poetry to sculpting, where the poet must chisel away at initial ideas to uncover deeper meanings. During her tour, Kemp experienced a burst of creativity, writing five new pieces that she attributes to the pre-tour tension and the need to present her public self. She believes poetry can resonate with people from all walks of life, serving as a form of artistic expression. Reflecting on her journey as a poet, she noted that self-discovery often follows the publication of one’s first book, continually questioning her identity as a poet. Kemp grew up in Morrinsville and later moved to Auckland, where she was inspired by a supportive English teacher who encouraged her passion for writing. After completing her studies, she spent a year teaching primary school children, which she eventually left to pursue more writing-focused opportunities, including taking an MA in English and travelling abroad for four years. Through her travels, she gained insight into global issues and the struggles of many people, which influenced her writing. Her latest collection of poetry, ""Diamonds and Gravel,"" features poems written during her time overseas. Post-tour, Kemp intends to work part-time in a bookshop while continuing to share her poetry through readings and discussions in schools. She expressed a desire to engage further with educational institutions, hoping to promote poetry among students. When addressing discrimination as a woman poet, Kemp stated she focuses primarily on her work rather than her gender and does not embrace a radical feminist stance. Instead, her feminism is rooted in her commitment to producing quality poetry that reflects her experiences as a woman. She believes that art should unify rather than create division, encouraging understanding among people. Kemp aims to maintain a certain mystery in her poetic works, striving to ensure her narratives remain both personal and impactful. She highlighted the importance of being truthful in writing and how the creative process often involves deep introspection where the poet listens to their inner self. Her poetic journey began in earnest with her early works, and she continues to evaluate her style and approach as she matures as a writer. A notable work from her early career is the poem ""Against the Softness of Woman,"" written at 20, which reflects on personal relationships and independence. Through her poetry, she seeks to explore themes of self-discovery and resilience, conveying complex thoughts and emotions in her distinct voice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790728_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790728.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,301924800
4932,30,07,1979,"Young Nats Critical (Press, 30 July 1979)","At the Young Nationals' conference held in Christchurch on 29 July 1979, the National Party's policy-making process faced significant criticism. The chairman, Mr M. Gummer from Auckland, emphasised the need for a more vigorous approach to policy formulation, urging party members to engage with the community to gather insights from experts. In his annual report, he noted a decline in support among young voters, which became evident during the 1978 General Election, stating that young individuals were in search of direction that the party failed to provide. Gummer stressed the importance of clearly articulating the party's policies. Mr S. Upton, a secondary school teacher from Hamilton and newly elected deputy chairman of the Young Nationals, echoed these sentiments. He expressed concern that the current policies were inadequate for the challenges ahead, describing the remits presented at the conference as overly vague. As a result, the Young Nationals passed a unanimous resolution calling for a more proactive approach to policy development within the party. They advocated for enhanced discussions on pivotal issues that impact the nation’s future, a more active role for the policy advisory committee, and improved collaboration between the party organisation and the Parliamentary party regarding policy discussions. In addition to addressing policy-making, the conference also considered specific resolutions. The Young Nationals opposed any attempts to modify direct taxation through regulation. They also garnered significant support for a resolution advocating for the repeal of sections in the Crimes Act that criminalise consensual homosexual acts between adult males in private. Furthermore, they demanded a timeline for the Danks Committee on Government Information to report back to Parliament. Overall, the conference underscored a desire among Young Nationals for more substantive engagement in policy-making and a shift towards more progressive stances on social issues, reflecting a broader concern for the representation and interests of younger voters within the National Party.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790730_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790730.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,302097600
7804,04,08,1979,"Doctors Criticise M.p. (Press, 4 August 1979)","The New Zealand Medical Association has publicly condemned the practice of self-induced menstrual extraction as a means to terminate pregnancies. This decision was made during a council meeting held in Wellington, where a remit introduced by the Southland division opposed the practice. The council expressed concern over Member of Parliament Miss Marilyn Waring's public encouragement of such actions, deeming her advice problematic. They highlighted that her stance contradicted existing laws regarding pregnancy termination. Furthermore, the remit emphasised that menstrual extraction performed by untrained individuals poses significant medical risks, warranting opposition from the medical community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790804_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790804.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,302529600
4933,11,08,1979,"Govt To Pay $1.7m For Doping Soldier With Lsd (Press, 11 August 1979)","On 11 August 1979, it was reported that the United States Government has decided to pay $1.7 million to a former soldier, James Thornwell, rather than facing a trial over the administration of the hallucinogenic drug LSD during a covert Army experiment nearly two decades earlier in France. The agreement follows a judge's earlier description of Thornwell, now 41, as a social and economic cripple. The resolution involves a special bill that will secure Thornwell the funds, which was supported by both the Army and the Justice Department. The decision to settle with Thornwell comes in the wake of extraordinary claims against the Government, which are frequently resolved through private bills in Congress instead of lengthy court cases. Thornwell’s ordeal began in 1961 during an Army operation named Operation Third Chance, aimed at evaluating LSD as a potential truth serum for interrogating Army intelligence sources. He was administered the drug without his consent at an Army message centre in Orleans, France. At that time, he had been suspected of stealing classified documents. Thornwell was subjected to extreme confinement, facing solitary treatment in a small chamber with covered windows. He was deprived of basic needs such as food, water, sleep, and bathroom access. During his interrogation, he experienced a barrage of abuse, threats of physical harm, and was subjected to psychological distress. An Army report indicated that he was blindfolded, handcuffed, and coerced at gunpoint, with his interrogators employing tactics intended to worsen his mental state. After receiving the LSD, Thornwell exhibited severe paranoia and suffered enduring debilitating effects. The Army's account acknowledged the psychological strife inflicted upon him, including threats suggesting that he could remain in a drug-induced state permanently or even become insane. For many years, Thornwell grappled with various physical ailments without understanding their root causes, only discovering he had been used as a human test subject after accessing the military report during legal proceedings two years prior to the settlement. He initially filed a lawsuit for $10 million against the Government. However, a judge, Charles Richey, determined in May that Thornwell could not seek damages for injuries sustained while on active military duty, but he did have the right to pursue a claim for injuries incurred following his discharge from the service. Judge Richey’s ruling highlighted Thornwell’s drastic transformation from a healthy, productive individual to someone who has been isolated from society due to the severe impact of the Army’s actions on his life. The settlement, while significant, represents an acknowledgment of the lengthy and traumatic experience Thornwell endured as a result of government experimentation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790811_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790811.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,303134400
4934,22,08,1979,"Liberal Club Cleared (Press, 22 August 1979)","The chairman of the National Liberal Club in London, Mr Leonard Smith, expressed his satisfaction regarding the decision by the Director of Public Prosecutions not to file charges against the club. This followed an investigation by Scotland Yard into allegations of homosexual assaults and financial irregularities at the club located in Whitehall Place, Westminster. Mr Smith stated that the thorough investigation, in which club officials fully cooperated, revealed that the allegations made in the previous autumn were unfounded in relation to the current structure of the club. He noted that, in response to the allegations, the club has implemented a new structure with a separate management company and commenced necessary renovations of the clubhouse. The previous allegations had posed additional difficulties for the British Liberal Party, which was already dealing with the fallout from the preliminary hearings in the trial of its former leader, Jeremy Thorpe.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790822_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790822.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,304084800
4935,23,08,1979,"Homosexual Reform Bill Dropped (Press, 23 August 1979)","On 22 August 1979, the Labour Member of Parliament for Mount Albert, Mr W. W. Freer, announced his decision to abandon a proposed private member’s bill that aimed to legalise homosexual acts between consenting males aged 20 and over. Mr Freer indicated that the move to amend the law was met with resistance because some members of both the homosexual and heterosexual communities saw it as an opportunity to push for broader changes than what Parliament or New Zealand society would accept. He expressed that although he believed the existing law regarding homosexual acts was absurd, the emergence of demands to lower the age of consent to 16 had caused a notable shift against reform among his parliamentary colleagues. Mr Freer stated, ""There is little justification for proceeding with legislation when the people I hoped Parliament would assist are so divided in their personal approach to this problem."" He lamented that the vocal opposition from certain groups had hindered progress that could have provided some legal protection for men who lived under the fear of blackmail or police actions due to their sexual orientation. The debate surrounding the issue involved contention about what the appropriate age for legal homosexual acts should be. The Gay Rights Coalition advocated for the age to be set at 16, aligning it with the age of consent for other sexual activities, while other groups like the Homosexual Law Reform Society seemed more receptive to an age range of either 18 or 20. Previously, a similar bill introduced by the current Minister of Lands, Mr V. S. Young, had been voted down in 1975, with Freer supporting the proposal at that time. The developments in 1979 reflect ongoing societal and legislative challenges surrounding homosexual law reform in New Zealand, indicating a complexity of opinions, concerns, and the changing dynamics within Parliament regarding issues of sexual orientation and legal rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790823_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790823.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,304171200
4936,24,08,1979,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 24 August 1979)","In a letter published on 24 August 1979, Hugh K. Gaw, the co-editor of ""Pink Triangle,"" responded to Mr Freer's bill aimed at reforming laws regarding homosexual acts for men over 20. Gaw highlighted significant opposition from the National Gay Rights Coalition, which comprises 35 homosexual groups and associated organisations, totalling around 70,000 members. He noted that only two of these groups were willing to consider any bill that did not guarantee equal rights with heterosexuals. Gaw expressed concern that merely reforming the law would not adequately address the ongoing discrimination faced by the gay community, particularly against lesbians. He argued that without true equality, law reform would fail to offer genuine protection for gay individuals against threats like blackmail. While Freer considered the current legal framework to be absurd and suggested that minor changes would lead to additional absurdities, Gaw countered that both major political parties had recently passed resolutions advocating for equality for homosexuals. He questioned why the community should settle for anything less than complete equality with heterosexuals, reaffirming the call for substantial reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790824_2_131_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790824.2.131.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,304257600
4937,27,08,1979,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 27 August 1979)","In a letter to the editor published on 27 August 1979, Martin Oelderink, the regional representative of the National Gay Rights Coalition, commended Mr Freer for his decision to withdraw his homosexual law reform bill. However, Oelderink expressed strong disapproval of Freer's portrayal of the opposition from gay rights groups regarding the bill. He highlighted the group's frustration at being asked to accept an age of consent set at 20, which, in their view, compromised the rights of younger male homosexuals. Oelderink questioned whether Freer genuinely expected the community to accept a bill that could impose criminal penalties of up to five years for those under the age of 20 engaged in consensual relationships. Furthermore, Oelderink argued that the proposed legislation did not address the ongoing discrimination faced by lesbian women and gay men, contrary to the Labour Party's own principles that advocate for the full respect of rights for all individuals, regardless of sexual orientation. He articulated a deep resentment towards what he termed an attempt to impose moral legislation on a minority group and called for Parliament to repeal all laws that discriminated against homosexuality. Through this letter, Oelderink underscored the necessity for more inclusive legislation that respects the rights and dignity of all individuals in the LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790827_2_93_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790827.2.93.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,304516800
7805,29,08,1979,"Miss Waring In Surprise Move (Press, 29 August 1979)","On 29 August 1979, Miss Marilyn Waring, a Government member for Waipa, made headlines in Parliament by proposing a reduction in the Justice Department's budget. Her motion aimed to decrease the funding by $218,328, the amount allocated to maintain the Abortion Supervisory Committee. This proposal was notably supported by Mr W. W. Freer, the longest-serving member of Parliament, who remarked that such an action by a Government member was unprecedented. Waring articulated her concerns regarding the financial burden imposed by the committee, highlighting that the funds covered fees for committee members, consultancy, travel, and direct charges. She argued that with the current shortage of magistrates, the committee should not require a magistrate in the chair, declaring that the expenditure represented a poor use of public funds. Waring accused the committee of duplicating the responsibilities that should fall under Parliament and the Health Department, including reviewing abortion laws and overseeing licences for abortion facilities. She maintained that these functions were already funded and fulfilled by the Health Department. Waring also pointed out that the committee's responsibilities included ensuring adequate counselling facilities across New Zealand, a task she claimed they had failed to accomplish, as even the Mental Health Foundation had not acknowledged their efforts. By emphasising that the Health Department already managed information dissemination related to abortion, she insisted that there was no need for a separate watchdog committee that was costing taxpayers nearly $250,000 a year. While she expressed her regard for the Minister of Justice, Mr McLay, and acknowledged the statutory mandates that bound him to the existing budgetary allocations, she felt the need to highlight what she perceived as an misappropriation of funds. This motion came up during discussions around the Justice Department estimates, typically a domain for opposition challenges. In response, McLay clarified that, as a Minister, he was obliged to support his department's financial provisions, regardless of his personal stance against the legislation that had established the committee. The Government member for Hamilton West, Mr M. J. Minogue, interjected that amending the related legislation would have been a more appropriate route than cutting off the committee's financial support. Adding to the debate, Mr D. R. Lange from the Labour Party proposed a further amendment to increase the funding cut to $350,000, citing failures in other areas managed by the department, such as legal aid and electoral reform. However, Lange's amendment was ultimately rejected by a vote of 44-30, while Waring's proposal faced a similar fate and was dismissed through a voice vote. The proceedings concluded with the debate being adjourned at 10.30 PM.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790829_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790829.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,304689600
4938,08,09,1979,"Vive La Difference (or Lack Of It) (Press, 8 September 1979)","""Homosexuality in Perspective,"" authored by William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson and published by Little, Brown and Co. in 1979, is a comprehensive examination of homosexual behaviour grounded in extensive research. Ken Strongman, in his review published on 8 September 1979, outlines the book's structure, content, and its broader implications on the understanding of sexuality. The book is divided into two main sections. The first section consists of 11 chapters dedicated to observing the sexual behaviours of 94 male and 82 female homosexuals, categorised into ""normal"" and problematic behaviours. The latter section contains seven chapters focused on case studies involving 161 individuals who faced clinical difficulties related to their sexuality. Strongman highlights the meticulous selection process for the volunteers, noting the inherent bias in self-selected samples, particularly given the nature of the behaviours observed which may not appeal to everyone. Strongman points out that through their research, Masters and Johnson have uncovered surprising similarities between homosexual and heterosexual behaviour. Both groups demonstrated equal responsiveness to sexual stimuli and similar sexual difficulties, such as impotence in males and anorgasmia in females. Furthermore, he notes that contrary to common beliefs, men, regardless of their sexual orientation, do not exhibit multiorgasmic capabilities, a trait found more often among women. An intriguing observation is that homosexual men exhibit higher communication levels, which may stem from their experiences in a society that can be unfriendly or hostile toward them. The book's second section, which includes clinical accounts and case studies, engages the reader more easily because of its narrative style and the human stories it presents. Strongman remarks that these clinical observations reveal that the difficulties homosexuals face in therapy are often akin to those experienced by heterosexuals. However, therapy tends to be less successful for homosexuals. Strongman also discusses the presence of ambisexual individuals in the research, characterised by a genuine interest in both genders without preference. He claims that their sexual behaviours align with those of heterosexuals and homosexuals, reinforcing the overarching conclusions about the similarities across sexual orientations. Despite the wealth of information contained within ""Homosexuality in Perspective,"" Strongman critiques its accessibility. He describes the publication as dry and potentially tedious for the average reader, suggesting it is better suited as a reference work for academics and professionals in psychology and sexual health. He argues that while the book serves the important purpose of dispelling myths about homosexuality, it lacks formatting that would engage a broader audience. In conclusion, Strongman endorses the value of the book in contributing to the conversation surrounding homosexuality, especially its findings which could have significant social and legal implications if further substantiated. He encourages the authors to consider adapting their findings into a more engaging format for the general public, thus enhancing its reach and impact.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790908_2_123_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790908.2.123.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,305553600
7020,22,09,1979,"Dean Martin Special (Press, 22 September 1979)","Dean Martin is featuring in a two-hour special on SPTV tonight, showcasing a star-studded lineup of guests that includes Bob Newhart, Gene Kelly, Don Rickies, James Stewart, Orson Welles, and Dom De Luise. The programme promises a variety of entertaining segments. One notable highlight is an Old West showdown that will see Martin play a gunslinger, with Roy Rogers as the sheriff and Don Rickies portraying an insulting bartender. Additionally, the episode will feature a suggestive sketch involving two travelling salesmen and a farmer's daughter, with Martin appearing alongside David Hanssen and Elke Somer. Comedic talent Victor Borge will present a musical segment centred on ""verbal punctuation."" The special will also include a competitive songfest that showcases one-upmanship between Martin and Jack Benny, as well as a humorous skit involving Johnny Carson in a situation where a character mistakenly undergoes a sex change. Martin will engage in square dancing with Dale Evans, and will perform polkas with Juliet Prowse. The musical highlights continue as Martin teams up for performances with iconic artists such as the Andrews Sisters, Ella Fitzgerald, Gordon MacRae, Louis Armstrong, Lena Horne, Petula Clark, and Frank Sinatra, promising an enjoyable evening filled with laughter and music.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790922_2_86_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790922.2.86.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,306763200
7806,25,09,1979,"Marilyn — Aspiring Musician To Practising... (Press, 25 September 1979)","Marilyn Waring, an aspiring musician turned practising politician, is the focus of an interview published on 25 September 1979. At 27 years old, Waring is a Member of Parliament representing the National Party for Waipa and has a background in music and education. Despite her mother's apprehensions about the interview due to Waring’s pro-abortion and feminist views, the conversation reveals her outspoken nature and refusal to engage with certain personal inquiries typically posed to male politicians. Born in 1952 in Taupiri, New Zealand, Waring's upbringing included a butcher father and a mother employed at a retail store. She excelled academically, eventually earning a BA with Honours in Politics from Victoria University after initially studying law and languages. Waring was also trained in singing and aspired to be a lyric soprano, studying in London before returning to New Zealand with limited finances. After a brief career in music, including professional engagements, Waring transitioned into parliamentary work, initially as a research assistant for the National Party. She became deeply involved in feminist political movements and decided to run for election in 1975. Although she had not grown up with a particular political allegiance, Waring found that Labour Party's structure and its requirement for loyalty to party decisions did not suit her independence, leading her to favour the National Party’s approach. Throughout the interview, Waring articulates her political beliefs, distinguishing between socialism, which she associates with public ownership and control, and state capitalism, which she criticises for its potential to concentrate power in government hands. She expresses concern that New Zealand is becoming over-regulated economically and socially and argues for more freedom for individuals and market forces. Waring discusses her observations regarding the increasing class structure in New Zealand, suggesting that many politicians lack an understanding of poverty. Her reflections on the political landscape highlight her experiences in Parliament over the past four years and her day-to-day approach to the role. Waring enjoys her work but acknowledges the challenges, often facing difficult situations and interactions, particularly with male colleagues. Looking ahead, Waring expresses a ""one day at a time"" approach to her political career, indicating that she might depart from her role if faced with fundamental disagreements on specific issues, notably voicing concerns about arming the police. As the article concludes, Waring acknowledges her appreciation for some National Party figures and mentions her respect for Labour politician Ann Hercus, noting the challenges faced by women in political spaces dominated by men. The anticipation for a follow-up discussion on topics such as abortion and feminism indicates that her journey in politics is both complex and evolving.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790925_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790925.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307022400
6892,25,09,1979,"Woody Allen A Brilliant Personality Programme (Press, 25 September 1979)","On 25 September 1979, John Collins provided a critique of the television show ""Survivors,"" hosted by Brian Edwards, which was originally scheduled to air on Sunday night on Television One but was replaced by a program featuring Woody Allen. Collins likened Allen to a blend of notable New Zealand personalities and praised him as a fitting substitute that starkly highlighted the shortcomings of ""Survivors."" He noted that Allen's introspective and articulate nature contrasted sharply with the inarticulateness displayed by the participants in Edwards' series. Collins suggested that the guests on ""Survivors"" often struggled to engage meaningfully in conversation, which he considered a reflection of a broader societal issue concerning communication. He expressed doubt that this issue would improve, emphasizing the cultural inclination towards valuing ordinariness, a trait he found unexciting for television viewing. While he appreciated Edwards' intentions with the show, Collins critiqued its execution, implying that the interviews were aired out of necessity rather than genuine interest. He acknowledged the ordinariness of the featured survivors, asserting that such mediocrity lacked the compelling nature necessary for engaging television. In contrast, the Woody Allen program drew the author's admiration. Collins recognised that Allen's unique comedic perspective and willingness to explore new ideas made the show riveting. He noted that while some viewers might struggle to understand Allen's humour, those who appreciate his creative process would find significant value in the dialogue about artistic risks and the drive beyond mere commercial success. Overall, Collins concluded that while ""Survivors"" may have fallen short, the substitution by Allen proved captivating, underscoring both the challenges of engaging an audience and the brilliance that comes with artistic exploration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790925_2_86_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790925.2.86.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307022400
7807,26,09,1979,"Marilyn—‘it’s Everything, Being Female’ (Press, 26 September 1979)","Marilyn Waring expressed optimism regarding the National Party's chances in the next election, a sentiment she revised following the recent Budget, which she found largely positive. She noted significant changes in economic policies, such as the devaluation of the floating exchange rate and a shift towards tariff controls rather than licensing, viewing these steps as overdue progress. She highlighted two critical areas that might influence the election outcome: advancements in energy policy and free trade negotiations with Australia. In her role as chairwoman of the Parliament's public expenditure committee, Waring admitted to feeling ""terrified"" due to the complexities involved in managing public funds. She acknowledged the challenges of tackling questions about public expenditure and aimed to enhance the effectiveness of her committee, emphasising that it was the first time a woman had served on it from both sides of the House. Waring deemed the Abortion Supervisory Committee unnecessary, citing duplication of functions within government and the significant costs associated with it. She expressed surprise at her appointment to chair the committee and anticipated little change to the existing abortion law in New Zealand, attributing this to parliamentary hesitance. Waring acknowledged the existence of three clinics but felt the legislative environment surrounding abortion remained tight, creating a scenario where both sides of the issue were being appeased without true resolution. On the topic of abortion access, Waring advocated for safe environments for women seeking terminations and believed there should be better access to effective contraception to reduce the need for abortions. She viewed the state’s responsibility as protecting citizens after the first 12 weeks of pregnancy but maintained that women’s desire for terminations would persist, legally or illegally. Waring also defended her views against criticism from the New Zealand Medical Association regarding suggestions for self-administered menstrual extractions, arguing that with proper support and environment, it could be safer than some existing practices. Reflecting on her personal life, Waring shared that her passion for music had diminished since her entry into politics, a loss she felt deeply. She mentioned moments of emotional vulnerability in Parliament during significant debates, highlighting a connection to broader issues impacting women's lives. As a committed feminist, Waring articulated her commitment to representing women's experiences in government and the importance of alternative media to challenge male-dominated narratives. She stressed that feminism transcends various societal divides and serves as a unifying movement. Despite acknowledging that not all women agree with her views, she maintained that her role was to reflect diverse female experiences. Waring critiqued radical separatisms that shunned collaboration with men, asserting the importance of engaging with established systems for societal change, while also recognising the complexities and multifaceted nature of her political identity. She concluded by mentioning the significance of being interviewed by a woman, underlining the value of gender representation in media.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790926_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790926.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307108800
7808,29,09,1979,"Untitled (Press, 29 September 1979)","A cartoon featured in July's newsletter of the Police Association has sparked controversy, particularly from Marilyn Waring, the National MP for Waipa. Waring labelled the cartoon, which focuses on policewomen's trousers and was created by Peter Winnington, as degrading and sexist. She has taken her complaint to the Human Rights Commission, which ultimately concluded that the cartoon did not violate the anti-discrimination provisions of the Human Rights Commission Act. In her submission to the commission, Waring asserted that the cartoon reinforced harmful stereotypes that imply women are responsible for sexual assault due to their attire, referencing the notion that wearing a mini skirt or not wearing a bra causes men to act inappropriately. The illustration depicted men seemingly unable to control their desires, with the policewoman portrayed as the source of chaos due to her appearance. Waring also expressed discontent with the cartoon's representation of the policewoman, criticising the depiction of her in a ""helpless"" posture with a limp, pathetic arm. In response to the uproar, the commission recommended implementing an educational programme aimed at combating sexism and sex stereotyping. Meanwhile, the editor of the newsletter offered a dismissive retort to Waring's objections, stating in the latest issue, “Marilyn, don't be bloody ridiculous.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19790929_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19790929.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307368000
7809,01,10,1979,"Feminism (Press, 1 October 1979)","In a letter to the editor dated 26 September 1979, Rosie Witty expresses her views on feminism as articulated by Marilyn Waring. Waring describes feminism as ""classless"" and capable of transcending geographical, ideological, and racial boundaries. According to Witty, the essence of this feminism lies in the shared experience of being a woman. She hopes that Waring will show her commitment to this principle by ""crossing the floor"" in Parliament during votes, despite the potential backlash from her party. Witty emphasises the importance of acknowledging the struggles of women living in poverty, many of whom do not support the National Party for valid reasons. The letter underscores a desire for more solidarity and advocacy for all women, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791001_2_97_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791001.2.97.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307540800
6893,01,10,1979,"Television And Radio Sipping And Sussing 'out' (Press, 1 October 1979)","On 1 October 1979, news published highlighted the complexities of the television series ""Out"" on Television One. The reviewer, B. John Collins, expressed his initial enthusiasm for the series, particularly praising its superb production, writing, and acting. However, he found the narrative's rapid pace and the multitude of characters somewhat overwhelming, noting that the Scots-accented character McGrath made it difficult to grasp certain plot points. Collins pointed out that the show's unique style of jumping between characters contributed to its realism yet posed a challenge for viewers, as the unfamiliar slang and a dense cast of characters made comprehension difficult. He specifically remarked that a glossary would have been helpful to understand the various terms and character developments, indicating that the series might benefit from clearer exposition for the audience. In his review, he mentioned that while the first episode set high expectations, the subsequent episodes did not maintain that initial momentum. Watching the latter episodes in a less formal setting—after a dinner meeting with media analysts—diluted the experience. He noted that these conditions, representative of how many New Zealanders watch television, highlighted the show’s shortcomings in viewer engagement. Despite the difficulties he encountered, Collins clarified that ""Out"" is still worth viewing. He acknowledged the challenges some overseas productions face in appealing to local audiences, suggesting that nuances may not translate well. Collins also reflected on a personal shift in his feelings towards rugby commentator Keith Quinn, indicating that he was less irritable during Quinn's commentary compared to prior experiences. He concluded with praise for Quinn’s interview with Jackie Gleason, the former All Blacks coach, acknowledging the sensitivity with which Quinn handled the subject of Gleason's cancer diagnosis and his legacy in New Zealand rugby.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791001_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791001.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307540800
4939,04,10,1979,"Homosexual Rights (Press, 4 October 1979)","On 4 October 1979, the former Labour Minister of Justice, Dr A M Finlay, spoke in Wellington about the pressing issue of law reform for homosexual rights. He cautioned that calls for immediate and comprehensive reform could jeopardise the chances for any legislative changes. Instead, he advocated for a more gradual approach, suggesting that step-by-step reforms would likely yield better outcomes and provoke less backlash compared to a more aggressive push for full legalisation. During the annual meeting of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, Dr Finlay expressed disappointment over a division within homosexual groups that had led to the withdrawal of a proposed amendment to the Crimes Act by Mr W. W. Freer, a former Member of Parliament for Mount Albert. This amendment sought to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults over the age of 20. Dr Finlay believed that this bill would have been favourably received by Parliament, especially given the Prime Minister, Mr Muldoon’s supportive remarks. Although Parliament would not address the issue in 1979, Dr Finlay urged that the matter should return for consideration in the following year. He and Professor James Robb, a former president of the Homosexual Law Reform Society, recommended that advocates for homosexual equality focus on reforming the Crimes Act first, followed by efforts to amend the Human Rights Commission Act to include protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation. Professor Robb acknowledged that while law reform, whether partial or complete, was vital, it would not resolve all issues facing the homosexual community. Mr Robin Duff, co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, echoed that legal reform was only one aspect of a larger struggle for homosexual rights. He highlighted that in the 1980s, there would be a significant need to advocate for protections regarding job security and personal safety for homosexuals. The discussions underscored a crucial juncture in the efforts for homosexual law reform in New Zealand, with an emphasis on careful, calculated progress rather than abrupt changes that might lead to further division and opposition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791004_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791004.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307800000
7659,06,10,1979,"Dark Deeds From Past And Present (Press, 6 October 1979)","On 6 October 1979, several new novels were reviewed, each presenting a unique storyline but varying in execution. ""Proteus"" by Morris West centres on John Spada, a wealthy and idealistic industrialist who leads a clandestine organisation aimed at liberating prisoners of conscience globally. The narrative unfolds as Spada's daughter and son-in-law, a newspaper editor fighting against the Argentine Government's oppression, are captured and tortured. Ultimately, Spada orchestrates their release and embarks on a quest for revenge, culminating in a dramatic confrontation at the United Nations, where he poses a dire challenge to humanity. Despite West's storytelling ability, the plot is deemed tired and the characters forgettable, leading to the feeling that the narrative might be overly familiar. ""Requiem at Rogano"" by Stephen Knight is set in Edwardian England and northern Italy, revolving around a series of murders echoing events from 450 years prior. The story delves into themes of reincarnation and the supernatural, with characters facing a winding path of murder mysteries linked to a profound Christian secret. While the novel starts with promise, its progression into melodrama and coincidental plotlines detracts from its credibility, making it more of an escapist text rather than a cohesive thriller. Jere Cunningham's ""The Visitor"" introduces a psychiatrist and his wife who experience unsettling occurrences in a private psychiatric hospital. The novel intertwines themes of astral projection and demonic possession, leading to horrific outcomes for innocent bystanders. The narrative captivates with its tension and atmosphere, appealing to both believers and sceptics of the supernatural, ultimately reaffirming the triumph of good over evil. William Watson's ""Beltran in Exile"" explores the final years of the Knights Templar as they face decline and corruption. The story follows Beltran, one of the last knights, tasked with protecting the order's wealth and beliefs amidst the fall of Christian strongholds to Muslims. Watson's tale of adventure and faith is engaging, despite questions about its historical accuracy. The novel effectively conveys the struggles faced by Templars during this turbulent period. Lastly, ""The Glendower Legacy"" by Thomas Gifford is a convoluted narrative involving a document suggesting George Washington's collusion with the British during the American War of Independence. As characters are pursued by bumbling Russian agents and C.I.A. operatives, the intricacies of their quest to secure the document unfolds amid a backdrop of violence and humour. While Gifford's storytelling maintains interest, the plot's increasing improbability and excessive use of casual obscenities may irritate readers. Overall, these novels showcase varying degrees of originality, character development, and thematic depth, contributing to a diverse literary landscape in 1979.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791006_2_129_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791006.2.129.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,307972800
4940,11,10,1979,"Synod To Consider Homosexuality Report (Press, 11 October 1979)","A report on attitudes toward homosexuality titled “The Church, the Law and Society” is set to be presented to the Christchurch Diocesan Synod during its annual meeting. This report, prepared by the Christchurch diocesan committee on homosexuality, follows two years of investigations and consultations. It advocates for fostering open, honest discussions about homosexuality and recommends that the Synod establish a commission to explore the ethical issues surrounding sexual behaviour. The report calls for opposing discrimination against individuals based on their homosexuality and urges legal reform to decriminalise consensual homosexual acts between adult males in private, while ensuring safeguards to protect minors. Led by the Rev. C. G. Brown, the committee has produced a 20-page document that covers various topics, including definitions of homosexuality, the origins and common misconceptions about it, therapeutic approaches for homosexuals, and an examination of biblical perspectives and Christian traditions concerning homosexuality. Various theories regarding the origins of homosexual behaviour are analysed, with the report concluding that a singular cause is unrealistic. The prevailing view among some is that these behaviours arise from factors beyond individual control. Furthermore, some commentators argue that seeking explanations for homosexuality is unnecessary, as such behaviour can be viewed simply as a variation of human experience, no different from heterosexual behaviour. The report also addresses prevalent misconceptions about homosexuals, which characterize them as effeminate, contributors to societal decay, threats to family life, and unstable in relationships. It also counters the notion that they are psychologically abnormal or more likely to commit offenses against children. As for the biblical stance on homosexuality, the report indicates that interpretations should consider the original context before being applied. It suggests that biblical texts differentiate between homosexual acts and homosexuality as a condition. The necessity for legal reform is emphasized, as the current laws inadvertently encourage male homosexuals to engage in illegal activity if they seek to form lasting relationships. The findings and recommendations of the report will be disseminated to church committees throughout Canterbury, the Minister of Justice, and the Church of England's Board of Social Responsibility. The Synod is also expected to enlist the support of the Diocesan Public and Social Affairs Committee and the Diocesan Board of Christian Education for these resolutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791011_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791011.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,308404800
4941,15,10,1979,"Synod Receives Report On Homosexuality (Press, 15 October 1979)","On 15 October 1979, a significant report addressing homosexual relationships was presented to the Anglican Diocese of Christchurch. The report, developed by a synod committee over a two-year period, commended homosexual relationships as a ""viable Christian option."" After two hours of debate, the Christchurch Diocesan Synod received the report, which is intended for further study within the Anglican Church. Copies of the report will also be distributed to key political figures, including local MPs and the Minister of Justice. Debate surrounding the report coincided with a more contentious motion proposing the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults, which was temporarily postponed. During discussions on the report, synod members shared a range of opinions on homosexuality, including the Church's stance and the underlying causes of such orientations. The committee, led by the Rev. C. G. Brown, cited a survey of Anglicans that demonstrated a lack of understanding regarding the laws governing homosexual behaviour. The committee faced criticism from some members who argued that the conclusions of the report contradicted biblical authority. In response, Rev. Brown asserted that the core issue was not the recognition of biblical authority but rather the interpretation of it in light of contemporary scientific evidence. He emphasised that the synod was not asked to endorse the report but to receive it for educational purposes, aiming to bridge a significant knowledge gap regarding homosexuality. Various synod members expressed differing viewpoints during the debate. Mr D E. J. Veal contended that several recommendations in the report were in direct opposition to scriptural teachings, stressing the importance of adhering to biblical laws. Conversely, the Rev. B. R. Carrell remarked that the report extended beyond Christian compassion and compromised core Christian truths. The Rev. M. D. S. Cocks advocated for a modern understanding of sexuality, arguing against being bound by historical prejudices and promoting a thorough examination of the report. Additionally, the Rev. E. A. Johnston pointed out that the challenges posed by homosexuality were insignificant compared to the broader issues faced in heterosexual relationships, suggesting a need for a more comprehensive approach to the subject of sexuality within the Church. The discussions reflect a broader dialogue within the Anglican community regarding the acceptance and understanding of homosexual relationships in a religious context, as well as the balance between scriptural interpretation and contemporary societal values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791015_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791015.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,308750400
4942,16,10,1979,"Synod Accepts Report On Homosexuality (Press, 16 October 1979)","On 15 October 1979, a significant discussion took place at the Christchurch Synod regarding a report on homosexuality presented by the Anglican Diocesan Committee. Following over two hours of debate, the Synod members largely supported the committee's resolution, which called for the removal of legal penalties for homosexual acts between consenting males. The committee's chairman, the Rev. C. G. Brown, led this initiative. In the course of discussions, a motion was proposed stating that the Synod opposed discrimination against individuals based solely on their homosexuality. However, the Synod agreed to pass this motion with an amendment that omitted the phrase ""or homosexual behaviour."" Additionally, the Synod reviewed a report on unemployment prepared by the diocesan world development committee, chaired by the Rev. M. D. S. I. Cocks. The report highlighted the challenges posed by reduced demand for labour due to increasing technological advancements. The committee pointed out that new technologies could result in long-time employees losing their jobs and being unfairly labelled as bludgers. To address unemployment, the report suggested several solutions, including overseas borrowing, lowering living standards, and enhancing productivity. It recommended that government aid focus on pairing relevant New Zealand skills and resources with people-centred projects that would provide the most benefit. To further tackle the issue of unemployment, the diocesan development committee established two sub-committees. One sub-committee was tasked with compiling a list of speakers who could address unemployment in New Zealand, while the other was to prepare a diocesan seminar that would ultimately generate a discussion booklet on the topic. Mr Cocks detailed these initiatives, indicating a proactive approach to both addressing unemployment and fostering dialogue within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791016_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791016.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,308836800
4943,19,10,1979,"The Courts Assaults Admitted On Prison Officer (Press, 19 October 1979)","On 19 October 1979, several legal proceedings were reported following appearances in the Magistrate's Court. Larry Mathew Collier, 24, was remanded in custody until 25 October for a probation report and sentencing after admitting to assaulting a prison officer on two occasions on 23 September. Collier, a painter, returned to Rolleston Prison from a weekend parole and was confronted by officer James Simpson Solotti, who suspected him of having been drinking, a violation of his parole conditions. Collier refused a breath test and assaulted the officer, causing abrasions to his eye, and later struck him again with a plastic beaker while being escorted to his cell. Additionally, two men, Desmond Dennis Carrington, 48, and Lewis Robert Chalmers, 20, faced charges for allegedly selling three cannabis plants to an undercover officer on 6 October. They denied the charges and were remanded to 14 December for a defended hearing. Carrington was granted bail of $2,250 under the condition that he report daily to the police, while Chalmers was granted bail of $1,500. Carrington also faced an additional charge of possessing an imitation firearm at the time of the cannabis sale. Pou Sauaga, 25, was charged with intent to defraud for presenting a false cheque for $5,400 as a deposit on a $9,000 car. He was remanded in custody without plea until 25 October. In another case, Sonny Tangi, 18, was accused of forging a bank signature card with a bond of $3,000 set and also remanded until 25 October. The court declined his request for suppression of name. A 47-year-old businessman from Christchurch was fined $300 for committing an indecent act on another man, which he attributed to a drunken indiscretion. The court had previously allowed suppression of his name, and the Magistrate labelled the act grossly indecent. Raymond Vincent Croxon, 20, was sentenced to six months of periodic detention for fraud and making a false statement after he falsely claimed his motorcycle was stolen to obtain $775 from an insurance company. The Magistrate noted Croxon had already repaid the money and warned him about the seriousness of his actions. Lastly, the Linfield College Students' Association was charged with publishing an indecent document, “Ram” magazine, for sale or distribution on or about 16 March. The case was adjourned to 13 December for a defended hearing, where the police must prove a prima facie case under the Indecent Publications Act. The defence argued that the matter should be referred to the Indecent Publications Tribunal for proper consideration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791019_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791019.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,309096000
4944,20,10,1979,"A Philosophy Of Useless Information (Press, 20 October 1979)","In the review published on 20 October 1979 by A. K. Grant, the book ""Gestures,"" authored by Desmond Morris and others, is examined in detail. The review highlights the intriguing nature of human behaviour, particularly the propensity to collect and disseminate what the reviewer describes as ""useless information."" This perspective aligns with a philosophical take on existence inspired by Descartes, where the assertion “I amass and propagate useless information, therefore I am” is proposed. Desmond Morris, known for his previous works such as ""The Naked Ape"" and ""The Human Zoo,"" leads the Gesture Maps investigation, which is supported by the Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation. The book serves as a culmination of their findings, focusing on the nuances and variations of physical gestures across different cultures. The review outlines examples of gestures, such as the ""palmback V-sign,"" which can denote different meanings depending on the location—from a sexual insult in Glasgow to a symbol of victory in Granada, and being largely unrecognised in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia. The ""nose-thumb gesture,"" which involves placing a thumb to the nose while waggling fingers, is presented as a form of mockery universally, although the review introduces a psychoanalytical interpretation by Otto Fenichel, who sees it as relating to penis symbolism. This analysis presents an amusing yet unsettling idea about the implications of body symbolism, particularly the thought of one's nose being an indicator of sexual potency. In addition to these insights, the review also delves into the concept of the ""ring gesture,"" which can convey a range of meanings tied to sexual innuendo or insult, depending on context. This crucial section illustrates how gestures can be loaded with significant interpretations and how they vary culturally, notably including a local New Zealand context that relates to social and political sentiments. Overall, Grant's review of ""Gestures"" underscores the complexity of human communication beyond words while questioning the inherent value of the information propounded through the study of gestures. The juxtaposition of scholarly research with often common and crude interpretations of gestures serves to provide a multifaceted understanding of communication. The entertaining and sometimes shocking findings presented in this book reflect Morris's ability to blend academic inquiry with engaging discourse on intercultural expressions of human emotion and social interactions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791020_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791020.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,309182400
4945,23,10,1979,"Cast Puts Ginger In Fairly Slight Play (Press, 23 October 1979)","The Canterbury Repertory Theatre Society is currently staging Neil Simon's play ""The Gingerbread Lady,"" which is directed by Brian Deavoll. The production runs from 20 to 27 October 1979, with performances scheduled from 8 PM to 10:15 PM. The story revolves around the character of a 43-year-old alcoholic nymphomaniac, who is trying to rebuild her life after spending time in a rest home for alcoholics known as Happy Valley. The protagonist grapples with the decision of either falling back into her old habits or remaining stagnant in the company of a homosexual actor. Throughout her journey, she briefly confronts her maternal responsibilities but ultimately concludes that she is not as different from others as she thought. Simon’s work typically intertwines comedy with more serious themes, yet in this instance, the play seems to sidestep a deeper exploration by relying on a series of contemporary proverbs. Characters engage in light banter, making references to literary works like David Lean's adaptation of ""Great Expectations."" However, many audience members may feel that this approach merely glosses over the significant issues at hand. The play features a considerable amount of strong language, yet its treatment of sensitive themes feels somewhat cautious. Despite this, the production is bolstered by commendable performances from the cast, which mitigates the impact of Simon's sentimental tendencies. Pauline Huggins delivers a strong performance in the title role, showcasing a dynamic presence that brings energy to her character, especially in her scenes as an extroverted singer. Huggins effectively communicates the character's struggle with alcohol, embodying both the melodramatic and realistic aspects of her predicament. Guus De Koster portrays the homosexual character with a commendable balance of comedy and pathos. Jenni Papprill comes into her own after a less controlled first act, ultimately giving an outstanding depiction of her character's significant monologue. Don Graham captures the volatile yet alluring nature of the guitarist lover, highlighting the unhealthy dynamics inherent in their relationship. Joanna Briant, despite some uncertainty in her accent, successfully reflects her character’s blend of innocence and experience. Jonathan Watson rounds out the ensemble. Overall, while the script itself may not be regarded highly, the performances by the cast and the direction by Deavoll succeed in creating an engaging evening for theatre-goers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791023_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791023.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,309441600
7810,01,11,1979,"M.p.’s Strip-search Allegation Denied (Press, 1 November 1979)","On 1 November 1979, Deputy Commissioner of Police Mr K. O. Thompson refuted allegations made by Miss Marilyn Waring, a National member for Waipa, regarding male police officers strip-searching women. The allegations surfaced during a session of the Parliamentary Statutes Revision Committee, which was reviewing submissions related to the Police Amendment Bill and the Crimes Amendment (No. 2) Bill. During the committee meeting, a spokesman for the Council for Civil Liberties highlighted that a strip search conducted by a male officer on a female would provoke significant public outcry, suggesting that immediate actions would be taken to address such incidents. In response, Miss Waring asserted that these strip searches were occurring frequently, advocating that no woman would dare to lodge a complaint due to the potential victimisation she would face for ""taking on"" a policeman. Thompson countered these claims, stating he was unaware of any incidents involving male officers conducting strip searches on women, emphasising that such actions would violate police policy, which mandates that searches be conducted by officers of the same sex.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791101_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791101.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,310215600
7811,05,11,1979,"M.p. Insists She Has Evidence (Press, 5 November 1979)","On 5 November 1979, Marilyn Waring, a member of Parliament for Waipa, presented evidence suggesting that male police officers in New Zealand have misused their authority to strip-search women. Waring indicated that she had conducted surveys within at least one correctional institution that houses women, bolstering her claims. Her statements come in response to denials from the secretary of the Police Association, Dr. R. A. Moodie, who called her allegations ""revolting and grotesque."" Dr. Moodie challenged Waring to present concrete evidence of such incidents, threatening that the association would urge for a full government inquiry if she fails to do so. He expressed his concern regarding Waring’s comments, questioning why she did not report any specific cases to authorities if she truly possessed evidence of these practices. Moodie stated that such allegations were damaging to the reputation of police officers and emphasized that the practice of stripping women for searches was entirely prohibited. In her response, Waring asserted that she would publicly address Moodie's remarks and outline her evidence within the week. This confrontation reflects broader concerns about police conduct and the treatment of women within the justice system, highlighting the ongoing debate over accountability and the safeguarding of rights in law enforcement practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791105_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791105.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,310561200
7812,12,11,1979,"Anti-waring Protest (Press, 12 November 1979)","On 12 November 1979, it was reported that fourteen out of sixteen members of the Otorohanga branch executive of the Waipa National Party electorate in New Zealand had resigned in protest against their Member of Parliament, Miss Marilyn Waring. This resignation came after the Waikato division of the party extended its support to Miss Waring, despite ongoing public criticism from the Otorohanga branch regarding her position on menstrual extraction. Miss Waring responded to the situation by announcing that a special meeting for the Otorohanga branch would be convened on 20 November. Despite the resignations, she expressed confidence in her support among the general membership of the branch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791112_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791112.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,311166000
7813,12,11,1979,"Resignations ‘relief’ To Miss Waring (Press, 12 November 1979)","On 12 November 1979, nearly the entire committee of the National Party's Otorohanga branch resigned, signalling significant tensions within the party. Fourteen out of the 16 committee members stepped down, citing concerns that the Waipa electorate had become dominated by Miss Marilyn Waring, the local Member of Parliament, and that her views were being imposed on the executive. Despite their resignations from the committee, the members chose to remain part of the National Party. The resignations were formally announced by branch chairman Mr T. Polstra during an executive meeting that was attended by Miss Waring. In response to the resignations, Miss Waring expressed relief, suggesting that the move would benefit the party and its operations. She maintained that she had the backing of the broader branch membership, which numbers around 360. When questioned about her approach to constituency opinions following the resignations, she asserted that she regularly sought input from the electorate. Electorate chairman Mr A. Myers expressed his belief that the resignations were a positive step, stating that the Otorohanga committee had been in opposition to Miss Waring for some time, making collaboration difficult. He indicated that the electorate remained supportive of Miss Waring, countering the claim that she had been dictating to the committee. Mr Myers welcomed the possibility of a new committee being elected in a meeting scheduled for 20 November and forecasted a potential increase in National Party membership following the committee's reshuffling. The dissent against Miss Waring appears to have intensified since April, when she publicly supported menstrual extraction for women seeking abortions, a stance that had drawn criticism from the branch. Mr Polstra had previously contended that Miss Waring was unfit for her role due to her views. Notably, Mr. J. Bolger, brother of the Minister of Labour, was among those who resigned, emphasising that the departing members were concerned party affiliates rather than dissenters acting impulsively. The situation reflects ongoing tensions within the National Party and highlights the challenges faced by Miss Waring, who has previously encountered opposition from party members. Since her candidacy victory in March 1978, there have been indications of friction, including the resignation of former electorate chairman Mr V. Collison and secretary Mr E. L. Riddell at that time. The upcoming committee election presents an opportunity for the party to address internal conflicts and strengthen its alignment within the electorate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791112_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791112.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,311166000
7660,16,11,1979,"Sour And Sweet America... (Press, 16 November 1979)","On 16 November 1979, the stark reality of the American death penalty was depicted through the experience of a journalist visiting a gas chamber located within a prison. The gas chamber, described as cold and devoid of any humane qualities, featured hard metal seats that offered no comfort. In stark terms, a guard recounted a gruesome incident where a woman died in just 36 seconds after being gassed, while her husband struggled to cope with the situation, highlighting the brutal nature of the execution process. The guard expressed a clear desire for the return of the death penalty, particularly for those guilty of heinous crimes, indicating a belief that some individuals are beyond redemption. A group of students listened intently, leaving the journalist uncertain about their thoughts on capital punishment. As the journalist explored the prison, he noted the contrasting environment of the yard, filled with attempts at decor such as trees and painted balls, while prisoners were observed engaging in a variety of illicit activities, suggesting an organised and complicated prison subculture. The journalist articulated his perspective on the absence of the death penalty in countries like New Zealand and Britain, pondering the moral implications of capital punishment and whether it serves as a deterrent. He questioned the appropriateness of executing individuals in a facility that lacked human decency. The visit stirred mixed feelings, particularly when reflecting on the disparity between the dire conditions of the gas chamber and the jovial atmosphere of college life. In a shift from the grim to the celebratory, the journalist described a Homecoming event, illustrating a scene filled with alumni and students engaged in festivities, parades, and displays, all centred around college football. The excitement of the event was juxtaposed with thoughts on societal issues, including the significance people placed on football as an escape from reality. While the journalist acknowledged the community involvement of students, they remained sceptical about the triviality surrounding campus life in light of global suffering. The football game, although initially anticipated, fell short of expectations, further prompting the journalist to critique the values placed on such events. Reflecting on the profound injustices observed in the prison tour, the commentary posed critical questions about the nature of American society, college culture, and the moral responsibilities of individuals. The piece concluded with the realisation that understanding the complexities of American life would take more than a fleeting visit, hinting at the intricate relationship between societal norms and individual behaviours in the context of broader global issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791116_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791116.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,311511600
6894,19,11,1979,"Not Exactly Outrageous (Press, 19 November 1979)","The film ""Outrageous,"" released in 1979, offers a surprising depth that belies its seemingly provocative title. The Canadian production centres on Robin (played by Craig Russell), a young man grappling with his identity as a transvestite while residing in Toronto with a schizophrenic flatmate named Hollis (Hollis McLain). Hollis navigates her own struggles, often relying on medication to manage her condition, and expresses pride in her reliance on pills for functionality. Robin's journey reflects his internal conflict, particularly after he gives in to his impulse to dress as a woman, showcasing his impersonation of the iconic actress Talulah Bankhead. Throughout the film, Robin faces the harsh realities of his situation, poignantly articulating his distress when he worries about being perceived solely as a ""drag queen"" rather than as a man. Despite the challenges, he discovers an array of personas within himself and excels as a female impersonator, showcasing a level of skill that impresses and confounds. The film takes Robin from Toronto to New York, where he finds a vibrant community that mirrors his experiences. During this journey, he encounters a taxi driver jovially asserting that his father in Montana is the only straight person he knows, encapsulating the film's exploration of sexual identity within a broader societal context. A highlight of Robin's New York experience is his performance at a gay nightclub, where he engages the audience with a series of captivating impersonations of famous divas, including Barbra Streisand and Judy Garland, set to musical numbers like ""Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend."" These moments blend humour with celebration, showcasing Robin's talent and the diversity of the LGBTQ+ experience. Meanwhile, Hollis's storyline takes a tragic turn as she becomes pregnant, defying the warnings of her doctors. The stillbirth of her baby serves as a catalyst for Robin's return to Toronto, where he offers her comfort and encouragement. His advice, suggesting that being ""special"" rather than ""normal"" is valuable, highlights the film's empathetic approach to personal struggle and identity. ""Outrageous"" is a film that navigates complex themes of gender identity, mental health, and the interplay between joy and sorrow. While it has its dramatic moments, it is also infused with humour and wit, making for an engaging viewing experience that speaks to the challenges and triumphs of its characters. The film stands out for its sophisticated handling of sensitive topics, ultimately demonstrating a rich tapestry of human experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791119_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791119.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,311770800
4946,21,11,1979,"Scandals Of Jerry’s Judges’ Could Ruin White House... (Press, 21 November 1979)","In November 1979, Governor Jerry Brown's bid for the presidency is marred by a series of scandals involving his judicial appointments, which have drawn criticism from both Californians and political opponents. As Brown campaigns in Washington, he presents himself as a source of ""new leadership,"" yet the controversies surrounding his judges raise significant doubts about his judgment at a critical time for his presidential ambitions. Californians have been taken aback by the misconduct of several judges appointed by Brown. One judge, Paul Halvonik, is under investigation for growing 323 marijuana plants, while another, Robert Stevens, faces allegations of making obscene phone calls to female state employees. A third judge has been linked to the Mexican mafia, and a fourth has been accused of writing bad cheques. The political fallout has led to an unprecedented ten of Brown's nominees being rejected by voters, and the State Supreme Court is rife with internal conflict, particularly concerning Chief Justice Rose Bird. Criticism of Brown's appointments has been harsh. Republican State Senator remarked, “Boy, can Jerry pick ’em,” highlighting how the controversies have jeopardised the reputation of California's court system and resulted in a costly $510,000 inquiry. The inquiry, however, found no grounds for charges against Bird and her associates, which has prompted further criticism for lack of transparency. Brown’s supporters, including his legal affairs chief Anthony Kline, assert that the governor’s promotion of women and minorities to the bench is a historic achievement, claiming he has diversified the judiciary more than any predecessor. However, this push has sparked controversy, notably following his appointment of openly gay judge Steven Sachs, marking a significant but contentious shift in California's judicial landscape. The Halvonik case draws particular attention, not only for its legal implications but for personal dynamics, as Halvonik's wife, Deborah, refuses a plea deal when it includes marriage counselling, citing ""blatant sexism."" Both face potential disbarment and imprisonment if convicted. With tensions rising and infighting among the judges exacerbating the situation, conservative judges express their frustration, leading to the California Supreme Court being the subject of ridicule. Brown's political opponents point to these issues as evidence that he has endangered his political future by prioritising minority representation over seasoned judicial appointments. As Brown gears up for the upcoming Democratic convention in January, observers predict a challenging path. There are indications that he may fall behind Senator Edward Kennedy and could struggle even to secure a second-place finish against President Carter. The controversies surrounding ""Jerry's Judges"" are seen as a significant setback as he attempts to garner support in a highly competitive presidential race. Despite the challenges, one assemblyman humorously noted, ""Jerry’s sewn up the dopers’ vote,"" highlighting the mixture of serious political implications and public perception plaguing Brown's campaign.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791121_2_126_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791121.2.126.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,311943600
4947,27,11,1979,"Meeting On Homosexuality (Press, 27 November 1979)","On 27 November 1979, a meeting held by the Christchurch Anglican Diocese revealed a prevailing disapproval of homosexual activity among the attendees. The majority consensus was that sexual relationships should be strictly heterosexual, as this was seen as the natural standard according to scriptural teachings. Despite the critical stance on overt homosexual behaviour, the meeting took a more compassionate approach towards individuals with homosexual orientations, recognising them as creations of God deserving of love and understanding. This resolution reflected a complex mixture of traditional Christian values and a growing awareness of the need for acceptance and empathy within the Church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791127_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791127.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,312462000
4948,04,12,1979,"The Cost Of Treason: Death, Jail Or Lunch? (Press, 4 December 1979)","In an article published in the London Observer on 4 December 1979, Conor Cruise O’Brien examines the differing responses of Britain to traitors over the past 60 years, focusing on the cases of Sir Roger Casement, Professor Anthony Blunt, and Alan Nunn May. O’Brien highlights public outrage towards these figures, particularly regarding Blunt's perceived leniency compared to the harsh fate of Casement, who was hanged for his betrayal during World War I. Casement's sexual orientation became a factor in his execution, with societal attitudes towards homosexuality influencing public sentiment and actions at the time. In contrast, Blunt, despite admitting to his treasonous activities on behalf of the Soviet Union during a period when Britain was allied with Russia, faced minimal consequences. This disparity raises questions about justice and the rule of law in cases of treason. O’Brien notes that Nunn May, who provided atomic secrets to the Soviets and did not receive any guarantees of immunity, served a prison term but experienced social ostracism upon release, underscoring a lack of solidarity from both the Communist community and the general public due to his admission of guilt. O’Brien points out that while Nunn May confessed to being a spy motivated by his Communist beliefs, Blunt's case reveals a troubling precedent where detected traitors might benefit from confessions in exchange for immunity. This situation could embolden undetected traitors who may now feel they can confess without facing significant repercussions, undermining the seriousness associated with treason. Moreover, O’Brien critiques the establishment's handling of the Blunt affair, suggesting it reflects a broader lack of seriousness regarding institutions of state. He argues that the casual attitude observed among those involved in Blunt's case, marked by an ""old boy"" network and a sense of cleverness, trivialises the gravity of treason. He reflects on how, in Britain and Ireland, the concept of treason can vary greatly, with figures like Casement being idolised as martyrs rather than traitors. In closing, O’Brien warns that the establishment's failure to address the Blunt situation appropriately provides ammunition for demagogues and undermines public trust. He argues that Ministerial inaction, predicated on the advice of secret services, is insufficient justification for allowing a known traitor to remain in a position of influence, as it risks perpetuating a ""whited sepulchre"" scenario that ill-serves the public interest. He expresses disappointment that no minister had the courage to openly challenge this dangerous precedent, advocating instead for accountability and integrity within the political realm.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791204_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791204.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,313066800
4949,05,12,1979,"School Films Shock Miss Bartlett (Press, 5 December 1979)","In December 1979, Miss Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for Promotion of Community Standards, expressed her outrage regarding the National Film Library's decision to purchase a series of controversial films dealing with sexual perversions for schools across New Zealand. The films, all rated GY and labelled as discussion films, included titles such as ""Brad,"" focusing on teenage homosexuality; ""Jenny,"" highlighting teenage lesbianism; ""Wendy,"" which dealt with teenage abortion; ""Kerry,"" about an unmarried teenage mother; along with ""Weekend"" and ""Disco,"" addressing adolescents' attitudes towards various issues. Bartlett voiced her concern that the acquisition of six copies of each film in this series, titled ""The Growing Up Series,"" was shocking, particularly because the National Film Library is entirely government-funded. She referred to a 1977 New South Wales educational booklet, ""Contact 18,"" which indicated that the depicted behaviours in these films may not reflect the views of the majority of teenagers and suggested that the films could be seen as promoting certain attitudes and behaviours without making moral judgments. The film ""Brad"" portrays a happy homosexual teenager who finds acceptance in a homosexual group, while ""Jenny"" offers an intimate view of the relationship between two young lesbians. ""Wendy"" tells the story of a schoolgirl who, after discussions with her mother and boyfriend, decides to have an abortion. Bartlett raised questions regarding the recommendations behind the purchase of these films, asking who had advised the library on their selection and whether the films were previewed before purchase. She queried if the Education Department was responsible for the acquisitions, the involvement of an advisory panel appointed by the Director-General of Education to evaluate materials for human development and relationship programmes, and the overall cost to taxpayers for the films. In conclusion, Bartlett pointed out that the public submissions on the Johnson Report, which aimed to assess New Zealand parents' desires for human development and relationship programmes in schools, had not yet been analysed. She stated that it seemed inappropriate for the National Film Library to make such purchases prior to any conclusions being drawn from this analysis, especially given the controversial nature of the subject matter and the potential implications of endorsing varying perspectives on morality and ethics in education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791205_2_111_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791205.2.111.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,313153200
4950,07,12,1979,"Campaigner Honoured (Press, 7 December 1979)","Mr W. J. Scott, the president of the New Zealand Council for Civil Liberties, has received an honorary doctorate of literature from Victoria University of Wellington. At 77 years old, Mr Scott was born in Temuka and attended Timaru Boys' High School. He graduated with honours from the University of Otago, holding a master's degree in English and Latin. His commitment to education is notable, as he served on the council of Victoria University for 20 years and was pro-chancellor from 1975 until June 1979. Mr Scott's dedication to the field of education has earned him life membership on the Wellington board of the New Zealand Educational Institute, along with an honorary fellowship from the institute. Additionally, he serves as the vice-president of the New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Society. Professor J. Tomlinson, the Acting Vice-Chancellor of Victoria University, praised Mr Scott's contributions, noting his steadfast commitment to the values associated with university life and teaching. He highlighted Mr Scott's relentless pursuit of truth, his strong advocacy for freedom of speech, efforts to foster tolerance, and wholehearted support for the arts, all of which reflect his considerable energy and dedication.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791207_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791207.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,313326000
6895,12,12,1979,"Andy Warhol: Master Painter Of Trivia (Press, 12 December 1979)","Andy Warhol, the most famous living artist in America as of December 1979, has sparked frustration among serious art critics for his commercialised art that some view as lacking depth. His latest exhibition, ""Portrait of the Seventies,"" at the Whitney Museum showcases embellished photographic blow-ups of notable figures like Liza Minnelli, Truman Capote, and Chairman Mao. Critics find Warhol’s work to be less about painting history and more tied to the realm of publicity, with art critic Hilton Kramer asserting that his pieces reflect the legacy of 1960s pop art rather than genuine creativity. Warhol, who became renowned in the 1960s with his depictions of everyday consumer products, has established a mini-industry around himself. This includes acting, publishing a gossip magazine, and creating films. Despite originating as a commercial artist, his move into fine art has resulted in prices skyrocketing for his works, which sell for between $20,000 and $40,000. His first foray into painting dollar bills epitomises his connection between art and commerce, which has propelled him into high society. Notably, Warhol does not engage in traditional artistic creation; he epitomises the role of the celebrity artist, often seemingly passive in his creative process. He has maintained a consistent aesthetic over the years, with some attributing his success to shrewd opportunism. His latest book, “Andy Warhol’s Exposures,” features snapshots of his famous acquaintances, reflecting the 1970s shift in art where celebrity became the focal point, rather than the medium itself. Warhol's social circles have evolved from the eccentric denizens of the 1960s to affluent fashion personalities and art dealers. The glamourous events surrounding him, such as a recent lunch celebrating his exhibition, are attended by prominent figures of contemporary culture. This shift highlights how his art mirrors the changing landscape of social values, moving from the avant-garde to the mainstream. The article reflects on Warhol's career and the dichotomy within art, as his creations are seen variously as serious artwork or as a commentary on consumerism and fame. The debate surrounding his relevance continues, but for now, Warhol remains a pivotal figure in the art world, embodying the intersection of celebrity culture and artistic expression.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791212_2_131.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791212.2.131,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,313758000
4951,14,12,1979,"Gays Behind New Mayor (Press, 14 December 1979)","In a historic election, San Francisco has appointed its first female Mayor, Dianne Feinstein, marking a significant moment in the city's political landscape. Feinstein, a Democratic Party candidate aged 46, garnered support from the city's prominent homosexual community, which comprises approximately 175,000 individuals, or 25% of the city’s population. This demographic has emerged as a crucial voting bloc in California, with major politicians increasingly acknowledging their influence; notably, Governor Jerry Brown recently endorsed a gay rights platform. However, the political climate has been tense, particularly since the tragic assassinations of Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk, a leading gay rights advocate, in November 1978. Both were killed by Dan White, a disgruntled colleague whose defense was based on an alleged diminished mental capacity attributed to junk food consumption. The court's lenient verdict, returning a manslaughter conclusion, sparked outrage among the LGBTQ community, culminating in a violent protest where 50,000 demonstrators clashed with police, resulting in numerous injuries and widespread property damage. The aftermath of the killings has seen a surge in violence against homosexuals in San Francisco, with reports of increased “queer-bashing” and aggressive police tactics against the gay community. Many in the city have expressed anger towards the visibility of gay life, with accusations of disruption from middle-class residents and claims from minority groups that wealthy gay individuals are gentrifying their neighbourhoods. This backlash, compounded by negative media portrayals, has created a divisive atmosphere in the city. In light of these tensions, Acting Mayor Feinstein has attempted to navigate the crisis by addressing concerns from both the gay community and police forces. She controversially dismissed Police Chief Charles Gain, who faced backlash himself, while also assuring gay leaders of her commitment to inclusion within the police department, pledging to appoint an openly gay police commissioner. The election campaign leading to her victory has become a pivotal battleground for gay rights, especially as her closest competitor, Quentin Kopp, positioned himself against her. With pressing issues such as school strikes, a projected $100 million budget deficit, and rising crime rates in the city, gay rights have emerged as a central theme of political discourse. This situation reflects broader national debates on LGBTQ rights, with conservative commentators warning of potential societal decline and liberal leaders rallying in support of the movement. Governor Brown, who is preparing for a presidential run, is aligning himself with the LGBTQ community, recognising their substantial fundraising capabilities. As the gay community seeks to assert its political influence, activists plan to elect gay delegates to both the Democratic and Republican national conventions. Their agenda includes advocating for anti-discrimination policies within government and military employment. This new assertiveness follows the mobilising effect of Anita Bryant's anti-gay rights campaign, which galvanized previously divided gay groups into action and highlighted the urgency of their cause. The current year appears to be a critical point in the struggle for LGBTQ acceptance and political representation in the United States.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791214_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791214.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,313930800
7349,15,12,1979,"Study Of Adult Education (Press, 15 December 1979)","A working party has been established in Christchurch to tackle the challenge of fostering cooperation among various stakeholders in community education. This initiative emerged from a forum entitled ""continuing and community education"" that was organised by a local group with backing from the National Council of Adult Education. The forum aimed to facilitate an exchange of ideas, assess existing educational programmes in Canterbury, and promote collaboration within the community. The event featured a keynote address by the Rev. Felix Donnelly, a senior lecturer in community health at the University of Auckland, who discussed the current and future state of New Zealand society. Additionally, participants were divided into smaller groups to explore important topics including second-chance education, the issues of employment and unemployment, and aspects of recreation and leisure. During the discussions, a key concern was highlighted regarding the plight of unemployed individuals who wish to resume full-time secondary education. Attendees noted that such individuals lose their unemployment benefits and cease to qualify for any state assistance, which poses significant barriers to their educational pursuits. The working party has been tasked with reviewing the suggestions and recommendations that came forth from the forum discussions. It is expected to report its findings at a meeting scheduled for the New Year, with the hope of addressing the outlined issues and enhancing support for community education initiatives in Christchurch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791215_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791215.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,314017200
7727,17,12,1979,"Assistant Bishop (Press, 17 December 1979)","The Rev Godfrey Wilson, a former broadcasting producer and talks organiser from Christchurch, has been appointed as Auckland's new Anglican Assistant Bishop. Before this new role, Wilson had worked in broadcasting in the Christchurch region from 1940 to 1951. He later trained in Britain for his ordination. For many years, he served as the vicar of St Peter’s in Wellington and was actively involved with the city’s team of ministers and community workers. His appointment has been confirmed by the Right Rev. P. E. Sutton, the Bishop of Nelson, who holds the position of senior Anglican Bishop while the Primate is away.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791217_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791217.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,314190000
4952,28,12,1979,"Homosexual Ban Must Be Applied, Lawyers Rule (Press, 28 December 1979)","On 28 December 1979, the United States Justice Department confirmed that the Immigration and Naturalisation Service (I.N.S.) is required to enforce a ban on the admission of homosexual foreigners, despite recent changes in the perception of homosexuality by public health authorities. Mr John Harmon, the Assistant Attorney-General for the Office of Legal Counsel, acknowledged that while there may be practical challenges in enforcing this ban, particularly since the Public Health Service no longer conducts examinations for ""indications of homosexuality,"" the I.N.S. is still bound by the statutory requirement set by Congress. Mr Charles Brydon, co-executive director of the National Gay Task Force from New York, expressed disappointment over the Justice Department's stance. He hoped that officials would delay enforcement of the ban until discussions could be held with homosexual-rights advocates, although the department did not confirm any plans for such meetings. The ruling was outlined in a confidential memorandum sent to Mr David Crosland, the acting commissioner of the Immigration Service, who sought legal advice from Harmon’s office. This office, typically functioning as counsel for the Attorney-General, offers insights that are usually binding on the Executive branch unless overturned by court action. While immigration officials did not keep track of the number of individuals denied entry due to their sexual orientation, it was noted that the number appeared to be small, with only 31 individuals excluded for medical and psychiatric reasons from 1971 to 1978. However, there have been several high-profile cases that have drawn public attention over recent years. The shift in the clinical understanding of homosexuality occurred in December 1973 when the American Psychiatric Association officially stated that homosexuality was not a mental disorder. Furthermore, Dr Julius Richmond, the Surgeon-General of the United States, proclaimed earlier in the summer of 1979 that homosexuality would no longer be classified as a ""mental disease or defect"" by government physicians. Following this declaration, immigration officials were to be instructed not to refer individuals to the Public Health Service solely based on suspicions of homosexuality. The change in policy from the Public Health Service stemmed from a legal challenge by Mr Carl Hill, an antique restorer from London, who was denied entry at San Francisco Airport while wearing a ""Gay Pride"" button and disclosed his sexual orientation to an immigration officer. The Justice Department eventually discontinued action against Mr Hill after the new policy was announced on August 2, 1979. This legal context underscores the ongoing challenges and complexities surrounding immigration policies related to sexual orientation at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791228_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791228.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315140400
7350,28,12,1979,"Rap Over Knuckles For Priest (Press, 28 December 1979)","The Most Rev. John Mackey, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland, has publicly addressed concerns regarding one of his diocesan priests, the Rev. Felix Donnelly. This discussion is set to appear in the upcoming issue of ""New Zealandia."" Bishop Mackey described Father Donnelly as a diligent yet somewhat stubborn priest, displaying a ""quixotic temperament"" and a firm belief in Catholic teachings. The controversy revolves around Father Donnelly's book, ""Candies in the Wind,"" which tackles the issues faced by youth in New Zealand today. Bishop Mackey highlighted a significant disagreement between Father Donnelly's views and official Church doctrine, stating that the Church's stance supports sexual expression solely within the bounds of marriage. In contrast, Bishop Mackey perceives that Father Donnelly advocates for a broader acceptance of sexual expression outside of this framework. Despite identifying these discrepancies in Father Donnelly's work, Bishop Mackey has urged a compassionate approach in addressing his misconceptions. He acknowledged that Father Donnelly primarily focuses on helping troubled young individuals, many of whom may not adhere to any faith. Mackey praised Donnelly's expertise in counselling and psychological support, underscoring the importance of practical results in contemporary behavioural science. However, he also noted that this approach often separates itself from the faith-based and mystical elements that are integral to the Catholic Church's teachings on human experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791228_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791228.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315140400
6631,28,12,1979,"Sexologists Meet For Some Serious Talk (Press, 28 December 1979)","In December 1979, Mexico City hosted the fourth world congress of sexology, drawing over 600 attendees, including notable figures such as sex researchers Masters and Johnson, Kinsey's co-reporter Wardell B. Pomeroy, and the sex columnist Xaviera Hollander. Despite the high-profile gathering, the congress was marred by disorganisation, leading to frustrations among delegates. Many found that invitations to speak went unconfirmed, workshops were cancelled, and there were technical issues with film presentations. Additionally, a power struggle emerged regarding the organisation of the next congress set for Jerusalem. The congress attracted a mix of professionals, with a significant number of participants from the medical field seeking a midwinter getaway in a temperate location. However, expectations of a lively experience were diminished due to the serious tone of lectures and a lack of social events. The attendees attempted to emphasise the ethical foundation of their discipline, asserting that sexology is a rigorous science compatible with major religions and ideologies, although this stance somewhat conflicted with Pope John Paul’s recent controversial statements on issues like masturbation and family planning. Participants learned various insights about sexology, including the establishment of the world’s oldest sexology institute in Prague in 1925, and the existence of a term for ""homosexual"" in Māori. Discussions covered a range of topics, such as the social dynamics of group sex, the use of hypnosis for frigidity, and feminist perspectives within lesbian contexts. Notably, the congress highlighted ongoing issues in North America regarding sexual attitudes, illustrated by a complaint about a misleading report on a traffic incident that avoided a ""dirty"" headline. Ultimately, the congress revealed that while sex therapy had gained traction across developed and developing nations, it still faced challenges in achieving universal acceptance and was often limited by censorship restrictions, affecting access to instructional materials. Despite the setbacks experienced during the congress, many delegates left with a renewed commitment to help individuals overcome irrational sexual fears and societal taboos, indicating a hopeful direction for the field of sexology.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791228_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791228.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315140400
4954,31,12,1979,"Church At ‘five Minutes Past Midnight’ (Press, 31 December 1979)","In an article published on 31 December 1979, Graham Leonard, the Bishop of Truro, expressed concern over the state of faith within the Church of England (C. of E.). He highlighted that many senior bishops felt compelled to declare their belief in the Gospel, indicating a troubling disconnection within the church's leadership. Despite surveys suggesting a satisfying profession, morale among clergy appeared low, with many priests exhibiting a lack of clear purpose in their roles. Some priests feared retirement, suggesting a broader identity crisis within the clergy. Rev. David Watson, an active evangelist, remarked on the spiritual stagnation in the church, where many felt they were leading a comfortable but inert institution. Discussions among bishops revealed a common sentiment of declining confidence in the Gospel’s transformative power, with many questioning what they truly believed. The article also reflected on the pressures faced by bishops in the face of increasing bureaucracy, citing a lack of resilience in their faith. The controversies surrounding the church's position on issues such as homosexuality further exacerbated these concerns. Leonard pointed out instances where church leaders seemed to compromise on biblical principles for the sake of compassion, questioning their foundational beliefs. This sentiment resonated with several bishops who expressed nostalgia for traditional values such as holiness and faithfulness in the Gospel. The internal critiques of the C. of E. pointed to a broader trend of secularisation, suggesting the church was being influenced more by societal norms than spiritual doctrines. The Bishop of Reading noted this infiltration, which was evident in church governance resembling parliamentary democracy rather than divine guidance. Disappointment with the recent Lambeth Conference was expressed by Edward Norman, who felt the discussions lacked a spiritual focus. Although church leaders acknowledged the church's need to reflect society, they recognised the inherent conflicts between the demands of their spiritual calling and societal expectations. Amidst the challenges, some members of the clergy offered a more optimistic perspective. Peter, Bishop of Lewes, shared a hopeful outlook for the church’s renewal, particularly among the youth, who expressed disillusionment with materialism and a rekindling of interest in spirituality. He suggested that if the church could effectively communicate its vision, it would attract individuals willing to embrace a more profound faith. Michael Green of St Aldates echoed this optimism, noting that when the Gospel is authentically proclaimed, lives are transformed, despite the opposing views from certain theological circles. However, leaders acknowledged the need for the church to embody a substantive and challenging faith rather than offering a diluted, safe version of Christianity. The article concluded with a call for reflection and renewal within the C. of E., as it faced the reality of its struggles while also recognising the potential for significant spiritual revival amidst the faithful.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791231_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791231.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315399600
4953,31,12,1979,"Governor Brown Seems Far Off Presidency (Press, 31 December 1979)","In a news piece dated 31 December 1979, John Hitchison reports from San Francisco on the evolving dynamics of the American presidential race, particularly focusing on Governor Jerry Brown's candidacy. Brown appears to be struggling to gain traction in a field dominated by President Jimmy Carter and Senator Edward Kennedy. He often seems overshadowed, akin to a schoolboy trying to play with the university team. However, recent developments in California, where Kennedy has performed poorly, have prompted Brown to assert that he may be surpassing Kennedy for second place. Brown is increasingly encouraged by Kennedy's missteps, particularly during his recent California visits. Kennedy's inappropriate comments regarding the Shah of Iran and his perceived lacklustre speaking abilities have drawn criticism, contributing to a decline in his poll standings against Carter. Despite this, many observers regard Brown as an underdog with little serious backing from the political establishment. When a midwestern newspaper set up a debate that included Carter and Kennedy but initially excluded Brown, he was forced to repeatedly request an invitation, highlighting his relative invisibility in the race. Hitchison outlines several challenges Brown faces, notably his inconsistent image, which has made it difficult for political professionals to take him seriously. Although he has an ability to resonate with specific public sectors, this has not translated into broad support from traditional political factions. Even in California, where he enjoys local support, he is perceived as an outsider within his own party, and he has not garnered favour from influential state Democrats. Criticism from fellow Democrats and Republican allegiance to Ronald Reagan further complicate his candidacy. Local politicians like Leo McCarthy and trade union leaders like John Henning have been openly scathing, and Brown has become a target for ridicule in the media. Polls consistently show him lagging behind Carter and Kennedy, and the charisma that seemed to accompany his earlier campaign efforts appears to have faded. Despite a more focused approach to his current campaign, he has made controversial political moves that have not endeared him to potential allies. His support of Proposition 13, which he initially opposed, and the appointment of individuals ideologically at odds with their constituencies have drawn negative attention. Furthermore, his recent tour of Africa with a pop star girlfriend was seen as frivolous, further alienating him from traditional political circles. While Brown's dedicated campaign team points out parallels with Carter's initial, improbable rise to prominence, they acknowledge that his ideological platform—centred on protecting the earth, serving the people, and exploring the universe—might not resonate with voters concerned about pressing issues like inflation, energy crises, and international tensions, particularly with Iran. As the 1980 primary elections approach, Brown's prospects remain uncertain, marked by both challenges and the faint hope of surprising the electorate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19791231_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19791231.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315399600
4069,02,01,1980,"The 1970 S – 1. Life Style (Press, 2 January 1980)","On 2 January 1980, ""The Press"" began a retrospective series on the 1970s, leading with an article on lifestyle written by Leone Stewart. The decade is described as marked by notable social changes, particularly in family structures, gender roles, and attitudes toward sex. It reflects a shift towards hedonism and increased acceptance of divorce, cohabitation without marriage, and the rise of single-parent families. The women's movement emerged as a significant force for social change, empowering women through economic opportunities, particularly with reforms in domestic benefit laws that supported single mothers and made divorce more accessible. The article portrays the 1970s as a time when public attitudes towards sex became more open, leading to discussions on topics like abortion, gay rights, and contraception, often ahead of changes in legislation. With women's workforce participation on the rise, the dynamics of household roles began to change, leading to new expectations in marriages and family lives. Despite an economic downturn that necessitated two incomes for material comfort, New Zealand developed a rich diversity in lifestyle. Social spaces like pubs became more inclusive, and consumer culture evolved, with people embracing good local wines, dining out, and exploring new culinary trends. The impact of technology began to gain traction, evident in the introduction of home computers and the shifting landscape of employment. The onset of inflation transformed attitudes towards spending and saving, as economic challenges led to a growing divide between regions within New Zealand, particularly between the North and South Islands. Social attitudes also evolved alongside fashion trends, with a nod towards unisex styles, and increasing interest in home comforts such as spa pools becoming commonplace. The article also notes a shift towards a more commercially driven society with a burgeoning class system based on wealth visibility, which fostered a culture of dissatisfaction and mistrust. As the decade drew to a close, New Zealanders expressed feelings of anxiety and concern over their societal trajectory, with rising crime and political polarisation becoming prevalent themes. In summary, the 1970s were characterised by radical social changes affecting families, gender norms, consumer habits, and political sentiments in New Zealand, setting the stage for significant shifts as the country moved into the next decade.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800102_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800102.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315572400
7351,03,01,1980,"Felix Donnelly’s Book (Press, 3 January 1980)","On 3 January 1980, a letter to the editor was published, highlighting the criticism directed at Felix Donnelly by the Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland regarding Donnelly's book ""Candles in the Wind."" The book explores the theme of the generation gap in New Zealand, particularly focusing on the disconnect between adolescents and their parents. One of the key issues raised in the book is the detrimental impact of punitive religious attitudes, especially in relation to sexual matters. The author of the letter, Alan Wilkinson, notes that earlier discussions among various correspondents had dismissed the idea that religious teachings contribute to feelings of destructive guilt. However, Donnelly presents case histories in his book that may challenge even the most authoritative defenders of the faith. Wilkinson points out that the Church's criticism seems to target Donnelly personally rather than addressing the substantive evidence he provides. Wilkinson expresses hope that this personal attack on Donnelly will not deter readers from engaging with his important message, even if it might provoke discomfort. He draws a parallel between the Church's historical denial of physical truths three hundred and fifty years ago and its current reluctance to accept new emotional insights. The letter concludes with Wilkinson's signature and the date of December 31, 1979, signaling a call for open-mindedness in the face of challenging ideas.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800103_2_111_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800103.2.111.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315658800
4955,04,01,1980,"Sex Not Only Subject Of Book – Priest (Press, 4 January 1980)","The Rev. Felix Donnelly, a Roman Catholic priest from Auckland, has expressed concern that critics of his recent book, ""Candles in the Wind,"" are primarily focused on its sexual content, neglecting the broader moral issues he addresses. He pointed out that his concerns extend to education, work opportunities, the struggles of children from broken homes, and the neglect and manipulation of youth. Donnelly emphasised that these topics deserve attention rather than just the controversies related to sexuality, which he believes are overshadowing important discussions. His remarks came after the Most Rev. J. Mackey, the Bishop of Auckland, publicly critiqued his book in the Catholic newspaper ""Zealandia."" Bishop Mackey indicated that Donnelly's book deviates from Church doctrine, particularly in its perceived endorsement of various sexual behaviours. The Bishop receives numerous complaints asserting that Donnelly's statements—such as those regarding masturbation and homosexual acts—contradict accepted Catholic teachings, which argue that sexual acts must occur within the context of true love. Bishop Mackey acknowledged Father Donnelly's good intentions but labelled him as being in error regarding Church teachings. He described Donnelly as a well-meaning yet stubborn individual who strives for justice and kindness. In response, Father Donnelly expressed appreciation for the Bishop's consultation but lamented the immaturity of some Church members who rely on authoritative opinions instead of forming their own judgments. He admitted that his views may not always align with traditional Catholic teaching but explained that they stem from a desire to alleviate the guilt and negativity surrounding sexuality that many Catholics experience. Donnelly expressed sadness over the current papacy, which he feels is steering the Church back toward a more repressive atmosphere reminiscent of past eras. He advocates for open discussions about sexual behaviour within religious contexts, suggesting that a lack of dialogue restricts personal growth in this significant aspect of human life. He voiced concern about certain religious perspectives that deem masturbation and sexual experiences outside of marriage as inherently wrong and regard homosexual love as sinful. Ultimately, Father Donnelly stands by the message of love and compassion in his book, hoping that it will be recognised and embraced despite the labels often attached to discussions about sexuality within the Church. He desires for the Church to demonstrate a genuine concern for the brokenness that many experience due to its teachings on sexual morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800104_2_64_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800104.2.64.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315745200
7352,05,01,1980,"Felix Donnelly’s Book (Press, 5 January 1980)","Peter Brett responds to Alan Wilkinson's claim that the Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland has launched a personal attack on Father Felix Donnelly regarding Donnelly's book ""Candles in the Wind."" Brett argues that, after reading Bishop Mackey’s critique in the December 30 issue of ""Zealandia,"" it is evident that while the Bishop expresses concern over Father Donnelly's perceived divergence from Church teachings on sexual morality, he does so with a gentle and compassionate tone. Brett suggests that Bishop Mackey acknowledges the complexities involved in applying general moral principles to real-life situations and urges readers to reconsider Wilkinson's interpretation. He believes that a thoughtful examination of the Bishop's statement could help mitigate Wilkinson’s immediate and emotional response to the situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800105_2_88_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800105.2.88.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,315831600
4956,09,01,1980,"Felix Donnelly’s Book (Press, 9 January 1980)","Barry Mitchell responds to V. F. Wilkinson's assertion regarding sexuality in a letter published on 9 January 1980. Mitchell argues against Wilkinson's claim that homosexuality is inherently wrong. He emphasises that sexuality is a developmental process that begins at birth and cannot be altered once established. Mitchell champions the idea that good homosexuality stems from individuals acknowledging and accepting their sexual orientation, allowing them to live authentically and honestly. He distinguishes between what he deems ""good"" and ""bad"" homosexuality. Good homosexuality is characterised by self-acceptance and honesty, while bad homosexuality arises from societal repression and ignorance, leading to guilt and emotional distress. Mitchell suggests that although emotional struggles can potentially be addressed, the essence of homosexuality itself is unchangeable. When acknowledged and properly expressed, he believes homosexuality can lead to a fulfilling life for gay individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800109_2_114_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800109.2.114.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,316177200
7353,11,01,1980,"Felix Donnelly’s Book (Press, 11 January 1980)","In a letter to the editor published on 11 January 1980, V. F. Wilkinson reflects on the evolving societal attitudes towards homosexuality over the past four decades, noting a transition from rejection to acceptance and now to encouragement. He humorously suggests that societal acceptance of homosexuality might eventually lead to it being compulsory. Furthermore, he raises a provocative question about whether the same argument regarding personal experience should apply to the morality of suicide. In another letter, Varian J. Wilson expresses agreement with Felix Donnelly's views while critiquing the political opposition to questioning private enterprise, particularly in relation to youthful problems. Wilson argues against the acceptance of permissiveness and perversion as components of liberal ideology, stating that social workers should assist confused young individuals but refrain from promoting any philosophies concerning these issues as universal truths. He emphasises that homosexuals deserve help and protection but warns against endorsing what he describes as an ""exhibitionist itch"" linked to a societal illness. Wilson identifies a significant concern regarding the sexual abuse of children, highlighting how its secretive nature, coupled with societal reluctance to confront these issues publicly, contributes to the distortion of statistics surrounding homosexuality. He asserts that this environment complicates the already difficult situation for the youth and advocates for a more critical understanding of these societal issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800111_2_84_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800111.2.84.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,316350000
6521,11,01,1980,"New Clue To Transsexuality (Press, 11 January 1980)","In a significant revelation presented at the Fourth World Congress of Sexology in Mexico City, researchers have identified a potential biological factor that differentiates transsexuals from cisgender individuals. Dr Wolf Eicher from Munich led the presentation, highlighting findings that suggest the absence of a specific element known as H-Y antigen in the skin and serum tissue of males who wish to transition to female. The study indicates that while transsexual women possess the H-Y antigen, it is markedly absent in men seeking to change their sex. This discovery implies that the H-Y antigen may play a crucial role in determining the biological sex of embryos and possibly influences the feelings of discontent some individuals experience regarding their assigned sex at birth. The research challenges previous notions that transsexuals do not exhibit genetic or hormonal differences compared to the general population. However, the findings come at a time of controversy, particularly for the Johns Hopkins Medical School in America, which ceased performing sex-change surgeries in the previous year. This decision was based on research by Dr Jon Myer, who argued that transsexuals do not report greater happiness following surgery and suggested that their issues are predominantly psychological. The university's actions have drawn criticism, especially from leading sex researcher Professor John Money, and could potentially result in malpractice lawsuits from transsexual individuals who were denied surgical options based on the findings presented by Dr Myer. Overall, Dr Eicher's research holds significant implications for the understanding of gender identity and the biological underpinnings of transsexualism, which may prompt a reevaluation of the approaches and attitudes of some medical institutions toward sex reassignment procedures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800111_2_88_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800111.2.88.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,316350000
4957,14,01,1980,"The 'gay Life' (Press, 14 January 1980)","A new British television series titled ""Gay Life"" is set to debut next month, making history as the first programme produced by a major television network to focus exclusively on the lives and issues faced by homosexuals. Developed by London Weekend Television, the show will air late on Sunday nights and will explore a range of controversial topics, including experiences within gay clubs, instances of police harassment, and the challenges encountered by individuals when disclosing their sexual orientation in the workplace. The series aims to address the significant ignorance and prejudice directed towards the gay community, which numbers approximately four per cent of the population, according to the show's producer, Michael Atwell. Atwell expresses hope that ""Gay Life"" will provide a more informed perspective on the community, helping to dispel prevailing misconceptions and fostering greater understanding among viewers. Although primarily targeted towards gay audiences, the programme is also intended to attract the interest of straight viewers out of curiosity about the subject matter. ""Gay Life"" is the inaugural production from London Weekend Television's new minorities unit, which plans to develop additional series that highlight the experiences of various underrepresented groups. Upcoming projects include ""Skin,"" focusing on the lives of black and Asian communities in London, and ""Twentieth Century Fox,"" which will cater to a younger demographic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800114_2_101_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800114.2.101.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,316609200
4958,15,01,1980,"Blunt ‘was Burgess’s Lover’ (Press, 15 January 1980)","The spy scandal in Britain resurfaced on 15 January 1980, following allegations connecting Anthony Blunt, the Queen's art adviser and a former Soviet agent, to a homosexual relationship with fellow spy Guy Burgess. The claims were made in the London ""Observer"" by Goronwy Rees, an Oxford academic and a close associate of Burgess, just before his death from cancer at the age of 70. Rees revealed these details of their relationship during a conversation with author Andrew Boyle while hospitalised in Charing Cross, London. Rees, who was the estates bursar at All Souls College, Oxford, had known Burgess during a period when he, Burgess, and another agent, Donald Maclean, were all spying for the Soviet Union prior to their flight to Moscow in 1951. This incident marked one of Britain's most significant espionage scandals; Burgess and Maclean had been tipped off by Kim Philby, a third British spy, prompting their escape. According to ""Observer,"" Rees described Blunt’s denial of the homosexual relationship as a “convenient falsehood,” asserting that Burgess often boasted about his sexual exploits and that Blunt was among those he had seduced. The publication also touched upon Rees' medical condition prior to his death, indicating concerns from his doctors about potential external intrusions after a drop in his blood sugar levels which suggested he might have received a considerable dose of insulin from an outsider. The scandal had gained momentum following the publication of Boyle's book, ""The Climate of Treason,"" which ultimately led to the public exposure of Blunt as the ""fourth man"" in the notorious spy ring. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher confirmed Blunt's involvement in Parliament on 15 November 1979, revealing that Blunt had been a part of the British Security Service during World War II. He had confessed in 1964 to providing information to the Soviets and had subsequently retained his position at Buckingham Palace while being assured immunity from prosecution in exchange for his disclosures. This admission rattled the British public and reignited intense interest in the scandal surrounding espionage within the UK government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800115_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800115.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,316695600
7310,16,01,1980,"Censorship Denied (Press, 16 January 1980)","On 16 January 1980, the Minister of Education, Mr Wellington, publicly addressed concerns regarding his recent decision to pause the purchase of health and social education films, slides, and tapes for New Zealand schools. He dismissed claims that he was acting as a censor for sex education materials. This decision is linked to the forthcoming government response to the Johnson report, with a clarification expected within the year. Mr Wellington indicated that prior to making this decision, he had viewed a selection of films with Education Department officials that focused on sensitive topics such as population control, contraception, and human relationships. He expressed concern not primarily about the subjects themselves but about the manner in which they were presented. Many of the films, he noted, were outdated and handled crucial issues poorly. Given these observations, he deemed it prudent to halt any new acquisitions until the government's stance on the Johnson report is established. He clarified that this decision would not impact existing sex-education films or slides currently held in the National Film Library. Notably, some of the titles in the library cover topics like lesbianism and homosexuality. In response to Mr Wellington's actions, the National Gay Rights Coalition accused him of yielding to pressure from conservative groups, including the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards and Concerned Parents. This situation reflects the ongoing tensions surrounding the education curriculum in the context of sensitive social issues during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800116_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800116.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,316782000
4959,19,01,1980,"Lascelles Article Leads To Amended Writs (Press, 19 January 1980)","On 19 January 1980, it was reported that Mr Gerald Lascelles, a recently retired lawyer from Christchurch, is taking legal action against the publication ""Truth"" and Radio Avon following claims made in the magazine's 15 January issue. The article alleged that homosexual magazines had been seized from Lascelles's residence in Sumner by Customs officers. Mr J. B. Stringer, Lascelles's solicitor, stated that these claims were ""false in material particulars and without foundation in fact."" Lascelles was a shareholder in Action Travel, Ltd, which had placed an advertisement in ""Advocate,"" a well-circulated American publication. Stringer explained that a copy of this magazine was sent to New Zealand and underwent a routine customs check. He mentioned that Lascelles had accepted the proceedings of the Customs Department, which had indicated that the magazine would be reviewed at their head office in Wellington. Stringer firmly denied any claims of a raid or seizure of material from Lascelles's home. The Christchurch Collector of Customs, Mr G. H. Thomson, confirmed that no raid had occurred at Lascelles's house, nor had there ever been plans to do so. He clarified that the magazine addressed to Lascelles was detained as Customs suspected it might breach the Indecent Publications Act of 1963. This determination would be made by referring the magazine to the Indecent Publications Tribunal based on prior similar rulings. According to Mr J. A. Keane, the Comptroller of Customs, if the publication were found to be indecent, a formal notice of seizure would be issued; if deemed marginally acceptable, it would be forwarded to the Tribunal for a decision. At the time of these events, Lascelles was on holiday in the United States. His retirement from the law firm Weston, Ward, and Lascelles took effect on 30 December 1979. He, along with Simon Reid Morley and Peter John Mazey, co-founded Action Travel, Ltd in late 1978, which focuses on promoting tours to New Zealand for international travellers. Mazey explained that they inserted the advertisement in ""Advocate"" based on recommendations that most of its readers were travellers. He also noted that Lascelles intended to explore advertising opportunities in the United States while on holiday. Lascelles is expected to return to New Zealand in early March to advance the travel business, as stated by his solicitor, Mr Stringer. This news highlights the legal challenges facing Lascelles while also emphasizing the nature of advertising efforts undertaken by Action Travel, Ltd during its early stages as a travel agency.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800119_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800119.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,317041200
4960,22,01,1980,"Daddy's Boy (Press, 22 January 1980)","On 22 January 1980, a 21-year-old man was permitted to adopt his 23-year-old homosexual partner's two-year-old child, in a case that raised questions about the implications of such an arrangement. The petition was unusual, but Reserve Circuit Judge Elliot Walstead noted that there was no evidence to suggest the men intended to act on their sexual orientation in the context of the adoption. The judge remarked on the lack of business for the court in determining the nature of their relationship. The two men expressed that the adoption would provide a practical solution to their needs, allowing them to designate each other as heirs without the complexities of drafting a will. Additionally, they sought to share the same surname, which they felt could be done more simply through adoption than by hiring legal services. Remarkably, they appeared in court without a lawyer to represent them during the adoption proceedings. The decision opened discussions about the implications of familial relationships and adoption rights within the context of homosexual partnerships in the legal system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800122_2_119_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800122.2.119.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,317300400
7354,02,02,1980,"R.c. Head Wants Meeting (Press, 2 February 1980)","On 2 February 1980, in Auckland, the Roman Catholic Bishop, the Rt. Rev. J. Mackey, reached out to the Rev. Felix Donnelly to request a meeting. Bishop Mackey explained that he had sent a letter to Father Donnelly earlier that week as part of his regular duties. However, in light of recent media attention surrounding Father Donnelly's stance on teaching sexuality, the Bishop felt it was necessary to address these views during their discussion. He noted that his initial intention was simply to catch up with Father Donnelly and learn about his plans for the year, as their meetings are infrequent. The discussion was prompted by an editorial in the national Roman Catholic weekly magazine, the ""Tablet,"" which suggested that Father Donnelly might consider resignation due to his views on sexuality. In response to the editorial, Father Donnelly firmly dismissed the suggestion, stating that he had no intentions of leaving the Church. This situation highlights ongoing conversations within the Church regarding the teachings on sexuality and the different perspectives held by clergy members.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800202_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800202.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,318250800
4961,08,02,1980,"Gacy Trial Starts (Press, 8 February 1980)","John Gacy, a 37-year-old building contractor from Chicago, is on trial for the alleged murder of more than 30 young men and boys. Prosecutor Robert Egan described Gacy’s actions in court, stating that the accused killed his victims with a chilling indifference, comparing his method to “swatting flies.” Each of the 33 alleged murders involved Gacy using a rope to strangle the victims, demonstrating a calculated and brutal approach to the crimes. Gacy was known in the community for entertaining children by dressing up as a clown, which adds a disturbing layer to his persona. The prosecution has laid a strong case against Gacy, characterising him as potentially the worst murderer in American history, and seeks the death penalty, specifically the electric chair, for his heinous acts. Gacy's trial began on 7 February 1980, with jurors consisting of seven men and five women hearing the details of the allegations. The case has garnered significant public attention due to its shocking nature and the scale of the accusations against Gacy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800208_2_65_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800208.2.65.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,318769200
4962,09,02,1980,"Scenes Of Anguish At Mass-murder Trial (Press, 9 February 1980)","On 9 February 1980, the trial of John Gacy, a notorious accused sex killer, continued in Chicago, revealing the heart-wrenching testimonies of grieving mothers. Gacy is alleged to have sexually abused and murdered 33 young males, making him the individual with the highest murder charges in United States history. The courtroom atmosphere was filled with anguish as the prosecution summoned nine mothers to share the horrifying experiences surrounding the disappearance of their sons. During the proceedings, one mother collapsed in the witness box after identifying a chain bracelet belonging to her 14-year-old son, which was discovered with his body in a mass grave beneath Gacy’s home. The emotional weight of the testimonies took a toll on several mothers, who broke down while identifying photographs and personal items belonging to their children. Some of the women jurors were visibly affected, struggling to contain their tears in the charged atmosphere of the courtroom. At the time of the trial, Gacy, a 37-year-old homosexual building contractor, displayed a stoic demeanour and showed no visible emotion as the mothers recounted their harrowing stories. The courtroom had to be temporarily adjourned for half an hour when one mother, Bessie Stapleton, fainted after recognising her son Sam's bracelet, exclaiming ""That’s his bracelet!"" The bracelet had been retrieved from a grave at Gacy’s residence, which had become infamously known as the ""house of horror"" after authorities discovered 29 corpses there. Prosecutors argued Gacy murdered his victims because they sought more money for sexual activities or threatened to expose his homosexuality. In contrast, the defence claimed he was suffering from chronic mental illness, suggesting he should be committed to a mental institution for life instead of facing imprisonment. The trial is expected to last between six to eight weeks, as the court continues to hear poignant testimonies that outline the tragic fates of Gacy’s victims, haunting the mothers and the jurors alike.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800209_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800209.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,318855600
7080,12,02,1980,"Gays Back Priest (Press, 12 February 1980)","On 12 February 1980, the National Gay Rights Coalition (N.G.R.C.) expressed its support for Rev. Felix Donnelly in the face of criticism from the Roman Catholic Church. Mr. G. Young, a representative of the coalition, highlighted years of attacks against gay individuals and their lifestyles from church leaders, contrasting this with the backlash faced by Donnelly for his progressive views on sexuality. The N.G.R.C. reached out to the Bishop of Auckland, the Most Rev. J. Mackay, suggesting that the Bishop should reflect on his theological stance rather than penalising Donnelly for his beliefs. The coalition's statement emphasised a call for a more enlightened understanding of sexuality within the church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800212_2_80_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800212.2.80.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,319114800
4963,16,02,1980,"Gay Mag. Raided (Press, 16 February 1980)","On 16 February 1980, Auckland police conducted a raid on the offices of the magazine ""Out,"" which is known for supporting homosexual law reform. Assistant Commissioner E. J. Trappitt confirmed that the police executed a search warrant related to an alleged offence, although he did not provide further details on the investigation. The raid reportedly stemmed from a letter that had circulated widely, which made allegations against specific police officers regarding their sexual orientation and associations with prostitution. This letter was directed to the Commissioner of Police, Mr R. J. Walton, and is believed to have included accusations about additional unnamed individuals. The National Gay Rights Coalition responded to the situation by denying any involvement with the letter or knowledge of its contents. Mr R. Finnemore, the coalition’s northern regional representative, expressed opposition to efforts aimed at exposing homosexuals and exerting social pressure on them. He emphasised that the gay rights movement did not support such tactics of insinuation intended to discredit opponents, stressing a commitment to opposing discrimination and protecting the rights of individuals in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800216_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800216.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,319460400
6896,21,02,1980,"Doctor: Father Breast-fed Baby (Press, 21 February 1980)","On 21 February 1980, a unique case was reported in New York involving a 40-year-old married man who breast-fed his infant daughter with the assistance of female sex hormones. This unusual situation was disclosed by Dr Leo Wollman, a psychiatrist, endocrinologist, and gynaecologist based in Brooklyn, who treated the individual. The event took place six years prior, making it a notable instance in medical history as it marked the only known case of a man successfully breast-feeding a child. The man, a transvestite residing in the New York metropolitan area and not publicly identified, had been prescribed female sex hormones 18 years earlier to induce breast development. He and his wife, who was aware of his sexual orientation, later decided to have a child. Dr Wollman explained that the method used to achieve lactation in the man was based on laboratory research that successfully induced lactation in male animals. According to Dr Wollman, the infant thrived under this unconventional arrangement, showing good physical health and a well-adjusted nature. The father continued to receive hormone therapy, which allowed for breast milk production sufficient to nurse his daughter for three months. The doctor described the milk produced as slightly different in taste compared to that of a typical female lactating individual, and he asserted that it was nutritionally adequate. Dr Wollman refrained from sharing further details about the patient's personal life, claiming confidentiality and the need for discretion while also recognising the broader implications of this case in scientific research. He maintained that the man held a responsible job, reflecting on the complexities surrounding gender identity, parenthood, and biological factors in nursing. Despite the unusual circumstances surrounding this case, it contributed to discussions on the possibilities of lactation in males, and the medical field's understanding of gender and parenting roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800221_2_52_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800221.2.52.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,319892400
6632,28,02,1980,"At The Cinema... With Hans Petrovic A Good Year... (Press, 28 February 1980)","The Canterbury Film Society is set to launch its 1980 season starting on 3 March, with screenings at Lincoln, the Museum Theatre, and the University of Canterbury. This year's programme promises an enticing mix of classic old Hollywood films, new international cinema, and several titles making their New Zealand debuts, including ""Padre Padrone."" Membership in the Film Society is available to anyone over 18, allowing eager film enthusiasts to enjoy films not typically shown on commercial circuits in New Zealand. Some screenings are restricted due to censorship, but most will allow guests unless age limits apply. The screening times are set for 7.30 p.m. at Lincoln and the Museum Theatre, and 8 p.m. at the University. Attendees are requested to be seated promptly, as not all short films will precede main features. The society's goals focus on promoting film as an art form and fostering social awareness, functioning as a non-profit organisation that collaborates closely with the University of Canterbury. An annual general meeting is scheduled for 26 March, featuring the screening of the popular short ""Hardware Wars,"" followed by ""Padre Padrone,"" anticipated as the highlight of the season. The upcoming film schedule includes various international works, ranging from classic cinema to contemporary films. Highlights include ""Oedipus Rex,"" directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini, and Henri Chapier’s ""Amore."" Other notable titles include ""Harlan County, U.S.A.,"" a documentary on a Kentucky miners' strike, and Don Siegel's classic 1956 thriller, ""Invasion of the Body Snatchers."" The society also plans to run several double bills, such as a tribute to Roger Corman alongside a New Zealand short film. Other international screenings will feature prominent directors like Jean Cocteau and Satyajit Ray, bringing a diverse array of narratives and styles to local audiences. The Film Society aims to enrich the cultural landscape of Canterbury by showcasing films that challenge and entertain. This 1980 programme looks set to fulfil its mission by offering viewers unique cinematic experiences throughout the season, encouraging appreciation for films from around the world and presenting discussions on significant themes including societal struggles, complex relationships, and artistry in filmmaking.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800228_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800228.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,320497200
4964,14,03,1980,"Man Jailed For Attack On Seaman (Press, 14 March 1980)","On 14 March 1980, a 20-year-old man named Hira Bill Pereto was sentenced to one year in prison for causing grievous bodily harm to a Polish seaman named Marian Storczewski in an unprovoked attack that took place the previous August. The sentencing occurred in the Supreme Court at Wellington, presided over by Mr Justice Ongley. During the proceedings, the judge noted that while there were claims that the seaman had made a homosexual advance towards Pereto, this was deemed an unacceptable justification for the attack. Evidence presented indicated that Storczewski had been intoxicated at the time of the incident, contributing to his injuries, which included a skull injury that may have been exacerbated by the fall. Pereto was given the benefit of the doubt regarding this matter, resulting in a lesser sentence than would have otherwise been imposed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800314_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800314.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,321796800
6633,18,03,1980,"Benny Hits The Jackpot (Press, 18 March 1980)","On 18 March 1980, it was reported that a two-man team from Thames Television achieved significant success in the United States, securing sales agreements worth over three and a half million dollars for 100 half-hour comedy shows. This deal, attributed largely to the iconic Benny Hill, marked the biggest British comedic invasion of American television, surpassing past efforts from notable figures like Tony Hancock and Morecambe and Wise. Thames Television expected total sales to reach five million dollars as more American stations signed up. Benny Hill became a cult figure in the U.S. after his show, comprised of reedited material from a decade of his work on British television, aired twice-daily across the country. The Americans, less familiar with Hill's distinctive brand of bawdy humour, were captivated by his curiously risqué routines, leading to soaring ratings and a shift in critical opinion. Critics, who previously dismissed Hill’s style, began to embrace him, with some acknowledging the humour in his controversial content. Realising the commercial potential of Hill’s newfound fame, Thames Television promptly capitalised on his success. Hill, now in his early fifties, had spent 40 years honing his craft as a performer, yet remained modest about his American acclaim, which he described as ""nice"" but cumbersome, especially when it came to managing fan mail. Hill underscored his lack of interest in wealth, proudly describing a practical lifestyle devoid of luxury. The article further explored Hill's personal life, noting his cluttered flat, a stark contrast to his celebrity status. Despite his marketing success, Hill limited his performance commitments to four shows annually for Thames and was developing a film set in the South of France. He also toyed with the idea of a new comedy show featuring attractive women, whimsically naming it ""Hill's Angels."" While Hill occasionally faced criticism for his cheeky humour, he maintained that his style adhered to certain boundaries, often reflecting on the nature of his jokes and the audience's role in interpreting them. He was keenly aware of the need for well-structured comedic sketches, spending considerable time rehearsing to ensure effectiveness. The scope of his work extended beyond television, as Hill engaged in international touring and remained passionate about hobbies like boxing. Although enjoying fame, he cherished his privacy and often donned disguises when needed. Benny Hill's comedy, described as ""greedy, vulnerable, vulgar, and invigorating,"" had garnered a significant following not only in the UK but also across various countries, including France and Australia. With enough financial stability, Hill expressed reluctance to settle into a long-term series in America, valuing freedom over a potentially restrictive situation. In summary, Benny Hill’s unconventional brand of humour, coupled with Thames Television’s strategic marketing, not only catapulted him to cult status in the United States but also paved the way for unprecedented financial success in British comedic exports.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800318_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800318.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,322142400
4965,29,03,1980,"Gay In A Catholic World (Press, 29 March 1980)","A group in Christchurch called “Ascent,” formed about six months prior to a news article published on 29 March 1980, is designed for homosexual Roman Catholic men to meet, share their experiences, and worship together. The name “Ascent” reflects the struggles these individuals face in balancing their sexual orientation with their faith. This group has around 25 members, with a core of 17 attending weekly meetings. Many members have a Catholic upbringing, some have left the church due to disappointment over its views on homosexuality, while others have converted to Catholicism. The official mission of “Ascent” is to harmonise the teachings of Christ and the church with the personal and spiritual wellbeing of homosexual Catholics. Despite the church’s official position, which sees homosexual activity as morally wrong, the members of “Ascent” report that many clergy adopt a significantly more accepting attitude on a personal level. They note that while official doctrines may sound rigid, the practical experiences of homosexuals in the church can differ vastly depending on the individual priest. This sentiment highlights the complexity and variability within the church's approach to homosexual relationships, especially concerning sacramental confessions and moral accountability. One member stated he does not confess his sexual activities because he does not regard them as sinful and is accountable to God. Other members touched on the understanding shown by some priests, contrasting it with more punitive experiences reported elsewhere, such as in a Chicago parish. Members of “Ascent” drew parallels with the attitudes towards contraception among Catholic couples, noting that many practicing Catholics disregard official teachings. They expressed a desire for the church to reassess its positions on homosexuality, arguing that research since the 1950s shows that homosexuality is not a choice. They emphasise that changes in the church's stance on other moral issues, like usury and its previous condemnation of Galileo, demonstrate that interpretations are subject to evolution. They contend that traditional biblical interpretations condemning homosexual acts often misrepresent the nature of sexual orientation. They argue that many scriptural references may pertain to specific acts rather than a blanket condemnation of homosexuality itself. Still, they acknowledge that many practicing Catholics will likely hold tighter to conservative interpretations of Scripture. Ultimately, the members of “Ascent” affirm that individual conscience plays a pivotal role in navigating their faith and sexuality. They point out that the church teaches each person is accountable to their own conscience, reflecting a broader shift within the church toward more compassionate engagement with such sensitive issues. A notable perspective from Brian McNaught of a similar American group, “Dignity,” encapsulates the gamble of living authentically as both gay and Catholic, suggesting that the interpretation of God’s Will remains a matter of personal belief and understanding in the face of traditional doctrines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800329_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800329.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,323092800
4966,01,04,1980,"Human Rights Commission (Press, 1 April 1980)","In a series of letters published in ""The Press"" in March 1980, readers express diverse opinions regarding employment practices and the interaction of religion, sexuality, and hiring decisions. The initial letter criticises the notion that an employer should be restricted in choosing the sex of potential hires, arguing that as long as the gender of applicants is not explicitly stated as the reason for rejection, no wrongdoing occurs. The writer, identified as G. K. Friend, highlights the perceived inconsistency of societal norms where it is considered unacceptable to advertise for a Christian but acceptable to look for a homosexual flatmate. Following Friend's letter, Geraldine Mercer voices her support for the employer’s right to select staff based on personal preferences, suggesting that skills and competencies are vital for productivity in a workplace. She argues that it is logical for an employer to seek personnel who align with certain values or characteristics, such as religion, further implying that these choices are a matter of personal discretion rather than human rights infringement. E. Read contributes to the debate by reflecting on the implications of a ruling that states filling petrol tanks lacks religious significance. The letter posits that many cultural and religious practices imbue daily activities with deeper meaning, countering the assertion that such duties are devoid of significance. Read contends that for devout individuals, including Christians, religious beliefs inform all aspects of life, including how one performs seemingly mundane tasks. The writer warns against disregarding religious frameworks, suggesting that doing so diminishes the overall meaning of life's activities. Overall, the exchange illustrates a broader societal dialogue on the balance between employer rights and discrimination, the role of religion in personal and professional choices, and the complexities of defining significance in everyday actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800401_2_93_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800401.2.93.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,323352000
7355,02,04,1980,"‘Mainland Touch' Has Good Start (Press, 2 April 1980)","On 2 April 1980, a new television programme titled ""The Mainland Touch"" premiered on TVI, bringing much-anticipated coverage of Christchurch to the television screen. The debut was welcomed in light of the often minimal coverage the city received on national news, which predominantly focused on the North Island. Set to air every weeknight at 7:30 p.m., the programme aims to provide a comprehensive regional news bulletin for the top portion of the South Island. The show began with host Rodney Bryant, who introduced himself and handed over to Bob Sutton, who presented a selection of five news items, one sports item, and the weather. The lead story focused on a rise in passenger numbers for the Christchurch Transport Board buses, clearly communicated with the help of graphics and captions. Following this, a light-hearted segment featured a controversial window cleaner, providing a humorous touch to the evening. The second half of ""The Mainland Touch"" was particularly engaging, tackling significant local issues. It featured a discussion prompted by a series of events in Christchurch, including controversies over morality tied to local incidents like ""Statements,"" ""Confessions of a Window Cleaner,"" and the banning of a student magazine. Rodney Bryant moderated a debate between guests: Father Felix Donnelly, Councillor Newton Dodge, and a representative from the New Life Centre, who explored the question of whether Christchurch was on the verge of a religious revolution. The debate was charged with opinions on the moral landscape of the community, with Father Donnelly remarking on the South Island's perceived desire to detach itself not only from the North Island but also from modernity. The guests presented their perspectives on safeguarding community morals through Christian values, while Bryant had to intervene as the discussion heated up and the programme approached its time limit. He concluded by encouraging viewers at home to continue the conversation that had been sparked by the evening's discussions. Overall, ""The Mainland Touch"" received positive feedback for its informative and locally relevant content, which resonated with the Christchurch audience. The successful launch suggested that the programme could play an essential role in regional news coverage.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800402_2_132_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800402.2.132.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,323438400
7356,03,04,1980,"“Mainland Touch” (Press, 3 April 1980)","In a letter published on 3 April 1980, Joyce Evenden expresses gratitude towards Rodney Bryant for bringing Father Felix Donnelly to television screens. She references a programme titled ""Mainland Touch"" which featured three Christians discussing their perspectives. Within this group, two participants adhered to a strict ""Thou shall not"" viewpoint, while one adopted a more understanding approach. Evenden highlights the importance of tolerance as a significant Christian virtue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800403_2_92_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800403.2.92.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,323524800
4967,03,04,1980,"Human Rights Commission (Press, 3 April 1980)","On 3 April 1980, a series of letters to the editor were published, discussing issues related to law, human rights, and bureaucratic processes in New Zealand. One correspondent, S. D. Pepperle, commented on an ongoing legal case involving Mr Downey and Mr Sides, suggesting that if Downey aims to illustrate that the law is flawed, he is welcome to do so. However, Pepperle advised that it would be wiser for Downey to employ common sense rather than a strict interpretation of legal principles. L. J. Stevens expressed concern over the bureaucracy surrounding the Human Rights Commission and the Equal Opportunities Tribunal. Stevens noted the costs associated with the tribunal, particularly highlighting that its chairman, Mr J. H. Wallace, Q.C., earns $170 a day, while the other members earn $60 each, in addition to the expenses for secretarial services, travel, and accommodation. Stevens used a quote inspired by Sir Winston Churchill to emphasise what they perceived as excessive governmental expenses and the seemingly endless bureaucratic procedures that taxpayers must shoulder. In another letter, Paul Maling responded to G. K. Friend's commentary regarding discrimination laws, specifically addressing the legality of advertising for flatmates based on sexual orientation versus religious beliefs. Maling argued that the comparison made by Friend was flawed, as individuals are at liberty to choose their flatmates without restriction, but those in certain professions, like petrol retailing, require licenses which inherently come with regulations that could limit employee selection based on various criteria, including religion. Maling contended that any licensing authority must ensure that the employment practices align with community representation before granting a licence, thus suggesting that after such a license is issued, operators can only follow the predetermined guidelines without arbitrary changes. Overall, the letters encapsulate a lively debate around issues of discrimination, government bureaucracy, and the legal interpretation of human rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800403_2_94_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800403.2.94.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,323524800
7021,07,04,1980,"Cable Briefe (Press, 7 April 1980)","A Federal judge has dismissed the primary charge of conspiracy against Bert Lance, the former United States Budget Director, after a trial that began 12 weeks prior involving Federal bank fraud accusations. Lance, along with three co-defendants, were cleared of this central charge, although they still face 32 remaining counts related to bank fraud. In Belfast, allegations of police mistreatment have surfaced regarding Edward Brophy, who was recently acquitted of 12 murders, including the La Mon Restaurant bombing that occurred two years earlier. The presiding Judge, Mr Justice Kelly, expressed concerns that Brophy’s confessions may have been obtained through torture or inhumane treatment. In Tahiti, three individuals have been arrested in connection with the kidnapping and murder of Olivier Breaud, a 26-year-old son of a wealthy businessman. Breaud was taken a week earlier by two men and a woman who demanded a ransom of $3.2 million. Ecuadorian authorities have concluded their investigation into Pedro Alsoriso Lopez, a Colombian fugitive who confessed to raping and strangling over 100 young girls. Police reported that Lopez, aged 32, led them to the remains of 55 victims buried in secret graves throughout Ecuador. All the victims were said to be 13 years old or younger. Lopez is set to face criminal charges from state prosecutors. In the UK, a poisoning case involving world-travelling yachtswoman Rosie Swale and Tracey Stamp, formerly known as Bernard Stamp, has seen charges dismissed related to allegedly administering poison. The pair faced accusations of intentionally endangering the life of Swale's ex-boyfriend Keith Vincent. However, other related charges will be addressed in court on 14 April 1980. Lastly, in Los Angeles, a theft charge against Deborah Williams in connection with the alleged assault on television star James Garner has been dismissed. Williams's brother, Aubrey, was mandated to stand trial for assault with a deadly weapon—his shoes—and grand theft. Garner, who starred in “The Rockford Files,” claimed he was attacked after his car was involved in a minor collision with Williams's vehicle, an assertion Williams disputes, claiming Garner instigated the altercation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800407_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800407.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,323870400
6634,07,04,1980,"Woody Works Wonders, Again (Press, 7 April 1980)","On 7 April 1980, a review of Woody Allen's film ""Manhattan,"" showcased at the Westend cinema, highlighted the film's unique use of black and white cinematography, a deliberate choice by Allen during an era dominated by colour films. This stylistic decision, reminiscent of his earlier work in “What’s Up, Tiger Lily?”, was noted as a courageous move that ultimately succeeded, with the film featuring beautifully captured scenes of New York City supported by George Gershwin's memorable music, including pieces like “Rhapsody in Blue.” The review described ""Manhattan"" as a progression in Allen's film-making style, following his previous films “Interiors” and the successful “Annie Hall.” Unlike the more sterile tone of “Interiors,” “Manhattan” retained the blend of eccentricity and seriousness that defined Allen's character and narrative voice. The film stars Allen as Isaac Davis, who, in contrast to his typically loveable portrayals, encounters a more complex character journey. He navigates relationships with a 17-year-old high school student, played by Mariel Hemingway, and Diane Keaton’s character, despite the latter being less youthful. As the plot develops, Isaac’s age gap with the teen becomes a point of reflection. Allen’s character laments, ""I'm older than her father,"" leading to a comedic yet uncomfortable realisation. After transitioning from his relationship with the younger character to Diane, he finds himself heartbroken and attempts to reconcile with Hemingway’s character. The review commended Hemingway's performance, particularly a poignant scene at a soda fountain that showcased her emotional depth. Additionally, Meryl Streep makes a brief appearance as Allen's character's ex-wife, which was noted with interest due to her upcoming role in ""Kramer vs. Kramer,"" a film that delves into custody battles following separation. The review pointed out the irony in her dual performances, highlighting the interconnectedness of themes in contemporary cinema. The critique concluded by recognising Woody Allen's emergence as a significant director within the film industry, placing him alongside celebrated European filmmakers such as Renoir, Truffaut, Fellini, and Bergman. However, it also cautioned against prematurely bestowing such accolades, suggesting a wait-and-see approach regarding his future projects. Overall, anticipation was expressed for Allen's next film, implying a good expectation based on the quality of “Manhattan.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800407_2_78_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800407.2.78.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,323870400
4968,09,04,1980,"R.c. Survey Causes Some Consternation (Press, 9 April 1980)","A survey conducted by the University of Surrey has revealed that 13 years after the Second Vatican Council, only half of Catholics in England and Wales are aware of it. The survey, which focuses on various perspectives regarding changes in the Church, highlights a significant gap in knowledge, particularly among younger individuals aged 15 to 24, where two-thirds reported being unaware of the council. Additionally, one-quarter of regular Mass attendees and one-tenth of parish organisation members also lacked awareness of the council’s implications. The findings indicate that many Roman Catholics assess changes based on personal experience rather than ideological understanding. Key changes perceived by those surveyed include the Church's stance on birth control, where 16 per cent expressed a desire for reform, but a fifth either did not respond or sought no change. Over two-thirds believed that a married couple who feel they have had an adequate number of children are not wrong in utilising artificial birth control. Additionally, more than a quarter disagreed with the statement that abortion is wrong except when the mother's life is at risk. Views on premarital sex have notably evolved, with more adherents disagreeing with the Church's condemnation. The most surprising result revealed a majority support for allowing euthanasia for individuals suffering from incurable pain, indicating a shift in attitudes. Regarding tax morality, over a third of respondents justified minor tax cheating due to governmental financial mismanagement. While there was broad consensus against political violence, many Catholics believed trade union powers should be regulated by law. The researchers noted differences in responses based on age and the level of faith practice. There remains a general acceptance of divorce among Catholics, though the belief that the Church should disapprove of homosexual acts is still prevalent. Despite strong orthodox beliefs about God and Christ’s divinity, about one in seven do not believe in Heaven, the afterlife, or the Devil. The survey, carried out in spring 1978, also indicated a desire among younger Catholics for the Church to engage more deeply with issues such as housing, poverty, and race relations, albeit with a slight majority opposed to political involvement. Overall, Catholics tended to prefer what was described as a ""domesticated Gospel"" over ""political Christianity."" The survey assessed clergy performance positively, although younger and newly married Catholics displayed greater criticism. Regarding the ordination of married priests, opinion was divided, with a two-to-one preference for married over female priests. The issue of using part-time priests and the ordination of former married priests produced equal division in opinion. These findings are set to be discussed at the national pastoral congress of the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales, scheduled for May 1980.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800409_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800409.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,324043200
4969,09,04,1980,"Risks For Writers (Press, 9 April 1980)","In a letter to the editor published on 9 April 1980, L. A. H. Bogren expressed concerns regarding Prime Minister Robert Muldoon’s responses to public criticism, particularly towards media figures such as the editor of the ""Dominion"" and Mr. Frost. Bogren noted that Muldoon’s attacks reflect an obsession with controlling public discourse, suggesting that other leaders like Margaret Thatcher and Malcolm Fraser focus more on governance rather than retaliating against their critics. He warned of potential consequences for press freedom, alluding to authoritarian regimes that have suppressed dissenting voices, raising the alarm about the future of journalism in New Zealand. Another correspondent, Varian J. Wilson, shared his own experiences of backlash for expressing opinions on controversial topics such as homosexual law reform, religion, and Antarctic conservation. He described personal victimisation, including threats to his safety and efforts to silence him. Wilson lamented that while he faced hostility for his views, articulate voices from the gay community received more protection, preventing a balanced discourse. He expressed frustration over the rising climate of censorship and control, feeling that the atmosphere was reminiscent of Orwell’s ""1984,"" highlighting concerns about freedom of expression and the growing influence of Big Brother-like authority. Both letters reflect a sense of unease over the political climate in New Zealand during this period, with an emphasis on the importance of safeguarding media and personal freedoms amidst criticism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800409_2_91_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800409.2.91.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,324043200
4970,10,04,1980,"Sex Education Veto Praised (Press, 10 April 1980)","On 10 April 1980, the Society for Promotion of Community Standards expressed its approval of New Zealand's Minister of Education, Mr Wellington, for rejecting the recommendations of the Johnson report. This report had suggested that sex education be incorporated into a curriculum focused on human development and relationships for schoolchildren. Mr Wellington's decision, made the previous week, was deemed appropriate by the society, which conveyed its sentiments in a letter from its national secretary, Miss Patricia Bartlett. Miss Bartlett articulated the society's view that children should be allowed to enjoy their childhood without exposure to discussions about adult sexual behaviour. She emphasised the importance of parental involvement in the creation of any syllabus on human relationships that might be implemented and advocated for such a course to be optional for students. Additionally, she opposed the inclusion of sensitive topics like homosexual acts, abortion, and contraception in any proposed educational programme. The society also called for schools to have the autonomy to determine whether to offer these courses, alongside a requirement that parents should be able to review all educational materials, including books and films, before their children were permitted to access them. Overall, their stance reflected a desire to shield children from adult themes and ensure parental authority in educational decisions regarding sensitive subjects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800410_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800410.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,324129600
4971,19,04,1980,"Where Does Sex Education Go Now? (Press, 19 April 1980)","On 19 April 1980, J.W. Taylor, the principal of Chisnallwood Intermediate School, shared his views on the recently announced decision by the Minister of Education regarding sex education in schools, in response to recommendations from the Johnson Report. Taylor noted that the Minister's decision was politically advantageous, likely to cause minimal controversy in the short term, and pointed out a prevailing reluctance among primary teachers to incorporate sex education into the school curriculum. He emphasised that the consensus among teachers seemed to be that sex education is primarily a parental responsibility. Despite this reluctance, Taylor acknowledged that there were pressing issues that warranted attention, particularly concerning children whose parents might not fulfil their educational roles in this area. He highlighted that sexual activity is prevalent among children at the upper primary and secondary school levels, and he emphasised the need for schools to address the misconceptions and misinformation that some children acquire through peer interactions rather than through informed education. Taylor expressed concern over the implications of inadequate sex education, where children may adopt harmful practices or develop misunderstandings about sexual health. He referenced the existence of misguided beliefs about conception, contraceptive methods, and other sexual behaviour, indicating a broader lack of adequate information both among young people and some adults. While acknowledging that some pressure groups have suggested that sex education should be taught by visiting specialists from the medical or nursing fields, Taylor questioned the feasibility of this approach. He cited issues related to current staffing levels, the economic climate, and the qualifications of nurses versus well-trained teachers. Furthermore, he mentioned that health professionals are already stretched in their resources, suggesting that having them take on sex education responsibilities could detract from other important health initiatives. Taylor also recognised the anxieties many parents face regarding teachers' value judgments, noting that these can significantly differ across socio-economic lines. He pointed out the complexities that characterise societal views on family and sexual values, which can complicate the acceptance of sex education within schools. Ultimately, he articulated a sense of relief that teachers would not be responsible for sex education but expressed a willingness to comply if required. He concluded by challenging opponents of school-based sex education to propose viable solutions to the issues presented, especially concerning children who may lack proper guidance in this area. Taylor's commentary reflects a nuanced understanding of the dilemma facing educators and parents concerning the education of children about sensitive topics like sex, underscoring the broader societal responsibilities in addressing these critical issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800419_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800419.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,324907200
4972,22,04,1980,"‘Penthouse’ Publisher Wins Libel Award (Press, 22 April 1980)","On 22 April 1980, a significant ruling was made regarding a libel case involving two American sex magazine publishers. A judge in Columbus, Ohio, reduced a jury's initial damages award from a record US$39 million to US$4 million. This case involved Bob Guccione, the publisher of ""Penthouse,"" who was awarded the original amount after a jury found that ""Hustler,"" published by Larry Flynt, had committed ""absolutely revolting"" libel against him. The libel stemmed from a controversial photograph published in ""Hustler,"" which depicted two men engaged in homosexual activity. The image featured a superimposed head photograph of Guccione on one of the models, which led to the claims of defamation. In court, Guccione expressed that there had been a sustained campaign of vilification against him, his partner Kathy Keeton, and the ""Penthouse"" brand by Flynt and ""Hustler"" over a period of four years. Judge Craig Wright, presiding in the Common Pleas Court, described the libel as ""the grossest sort."" However, he deemed the punitive damages initially awarded by the jury to be excessive, leading to the significant reduction. The punitive damages were reduced from US$26 million to US$2 million against Flynt and from US$11 million against ""Hustler"" to US$850,000. The compensatory damages awarded to Guccione, which totalled US$1.15 million, were upheld. Guccione has a window of 20 days to either accept the revised damages or seek to restore the original verdict, which would result in a new trial. Similarly, Flynt retains the option to appeal the decision. Guccione's lawyer, Jeff Deitchman, noted that despite the reduction, the damages still represent the largest libel settlement in United States history at the time. This case exemplifies the contentious relationship and rivalry between the two magazine publishers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800422_2_77_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800422.2.77.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,325166400
6635,26,04,1980,"Today’s Battleground (Press, 26 April 1980)","On 26 April 1980, approximately 3000 people gathered in Auckland for the dawn parade at the Cenotaph, where the Very Rev. Dr A. A. Brash delivered the Anzac Day address. He drew attention to the modern battles faced by society, arguing that the true conflict had shifted from historical battlefields like Anzac Cove to the pursuit of a higher standard of living. Dr Brash contended that it was the collective responsibility of the people, not just governments, to advocate for peace, highlighting that the conflict surrounding Middle Eastern oil stemmed from everyday demands such as the desire for individual car use. Dr Brash also criticised the excessive global spending on arms, suggesting that peace was attainable if society exhibited the courage and skill to pursue it. The dedication of the ceremony was provided by Brigadier R. D. Park, a former commander of New Zealand forces in Korea. However, the service faced disruption from a lesbian group that made loud remarks, though they eventually left of their own accord. In Wellington, the Governor-General Sir Keith Holyoake addressed a smaller gathering of around 400 at the Anzac Day service. Despite this increase in spectators compared to previous years, the number of marchers decreased. A poignant remark from a former New Zealand rifleman, Mr Walter Crowther, encapsulated the sentiment of the day with his comment about the dwindling number of veterans: “I can’t find anyone, they’re all dead.” As the solemn notes of the Last Post reverberated, a women’s protest group was heard chanting lines expressing their anger and solidarity: “Women died. We care. Women were raped. We are angry.” This juxtaposition of remembrance and social protest dominated the commemorative atmosphere, reflecting the evolving nature of Anzac Day in New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800426_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800426.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,325512000
4973,02,05,1980,"Controversial ‘growing Up’ Sex Films Aimed To Help... (Press, 2 May 1980)","In May 1980, the controversy surrounding the educational use of a series of films titled 'Growing Up' aimed at teenagers gained significant attention in New Zealand. The debate was reignited by Miss Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, who expressed outrage that the National Film Library had acquired films exploring sexual perversions for potential school use. Despite these claims, the Department of Education confirmed that the films, which carried a ""T.S.P."" (tertiary and special) rating, would only be shown to tertiary students or specially designated groups like social welfare officers, and not to schoolchildren. The 'Growing Up' series, produced by Film Australia, consists of six films designed to provoke discussion about adolescent sexual behaviour and societal expectations, rather than serve as direct educational tools. The films focus on personal experiences of young people and include titles such as 'Brad', 'Jenny', 'Wendy', 'Kerry', 'Weekend', and 'Disco'. These films each last around ten minutes and tackle topics like teenage homosexuality, abortion, unmarried motherhood, and the dynamics of teenage social interactions. For example, 'Brad' addresses the struggles of a teenage homosexual, including his feelings of isolation and the journey towards acceptance from his family and society. 'Disco' illustrates the expectations of teenage courtship, while 'Kerry' tells the story of a teenage girl facing an unexpected pregnancy and the implications of her decisions. 'Wendy' discusses the decision-making process surrounding abortion, emphasising the influence of family support. 'Weekend' explores how teenagers spend their free time while navigating peer relationships and pressures. The films aim for neutrality, steering clear of moral judgments about the behaviours depicted. This approach, however, has led to criticism from Miss Bartlett, who argues that by not taking a moral stance, the films could inadvertently normalise the behaviours they portray. Although the Government's tentative stance against implementing comprehensive sex education as suggested in the Johnson Report may prevent these films from being shown to teenagers, they are available for adults to view, allowing them to facilitate discussions with youth. In summary, while the 'Growing Up' films intend to provide guidance rather than education on sensitive topics related to teenage life, the debate around their appropriateness and the boundaries of sex education in schools continues to provoke strong opinions from various stakeholders in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800502_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800502.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,326030400
6636,05,05,1980,"'Bedroom Farce' Lacks Good, Clean Filth (Press, 5 May 1980)","In a review published on 5 May 1980, Howard McNaughton comments on the Christchurch production of “Bedroom Farce” by Alan Ayckbourn, directed by Bryan Aitken at The Court Theatre. The play has faced a significant delay in its premiere due to a global rights dispute, which reflects the complexities surrounding its title and content. McNaughton critiques the play's inability to innovate, noting that Ayckbourn has taken a cliché and presented it without disguise. He argues that while Ayckbourn typically avoids overtly crude content, he instead relies on suggestiveness, calling the play less a true farce and more a mild exploration of adult relationships without explicit material. The review discusses the performances of the cast, noting that while the script is lacking, the acting itself is of variable quality. Judie Douglass and John Curry are recognised for their portrayal of the older couple, showing depth that surprisingly echoes the style of playwright Harold Pinter. Other cast members, including Paul Sonne, are seen as underutilised, with Sonne suffering from a back injury that limits his involvement in the first act. Despite the weaknesses in the script, the production manages to effectively convey its three settings, particularly highlighting the older couple's environment. McNaughton mentions that, in spite of his personal dissatisfaction with the comedic quality of the second act, the audience appears to enjoy the performance overall, suggesting that it will likely achieve box office success. He expresses disappointment that the weak ending does not detract from the generally positive reception among viewers. The review ultimately suggests that “Bedroom Farce” will be popular with the audience, following The Court's recent trend of showing more serious scripts, even if it doesn't live up to the expectations of more discerning theatre-goers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800505_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800505.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,326289600
4974,06,05,1980,"Risking The Cupcakes With Beefy Stu (Press, 6 May 1980)","On 6 May 1980, John Collins reported on a light-hearted episode of the television show ""How’s That?"" featuring All Black full-back Stu Wilson. Collins described Wilson as a larger-than-life character who successfully navigated the studio without falling victim to any mishaps, contrasting him with the show's smaller host, also named Stu. The show involved various activities reminiscent of children's games, offering energetic entertainment rather than serious competition, which Collins noted was appealing to a youthful audience. During the programme, the smaller Stu asked Wilson about the experience of wearing the All Black jersey, to which Wilson expressed that it gave him an immediate sense of stature and strength, likening it to an instant boost of confidence in facing formidable opponents. The smaller Stu seemed inspired and contemplated getting his own jersey. The following day, Wilson appeared again on television during the All Black trials on ""Sport on One,"" looking fit and healthy, contrary to any deceptive impressions from the earlier cupcake segment. In a different segment, Keith Quinn provided commentary during the All Black trials, joined by Graham Thorne, who was noted for his serious and measured approach. Thorne offered insightful analyses with the help of slow-motion replays, helping to elucidate the game for viewers. For example, he described an impressive play by Waikato player Geoff Hines, who bulldozed through eight defenders, with Thorne simply noting, “Firm running by Hines, there.” The report also touched on a separate segment broadcasted by Paul Ransley on ""Close-Up,"" where he covered the Wellington landmark, Carmen, which featured interviews with transvestites and strippers. The piece explored the lives of those working in the area, revealing that some could earn considerable amounts of money, like $300 a night. Ransley managed to present the content candidly, though Collins humorously critiqued the microphone positioning during the interviews that may have been somewhat intrusive in the visuals. Overall, the report captured the blend of sports and entertainment that characterised New Zealand television at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800506_2_114_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800506.2.114.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,326376000
7357,13,05,1980,"Church Forbids Father Donnelly To Preach (Press, 13 May 1980)","On 13 May 1980, the Rev. Felix Donnelly, a prominent Auckland Roman Catholic priest known for his outspoken views on human sexuality, was prohibited by the church from preaching or hearing confessions. This decision, announced by the Bishop of Auckland, the Most Rev. J. Mackey, follows controversial statements made by Father Donnelly during a recent visit to Australia where he publicly expressed his inability to accept Catholic teachings on various moral issues, including homosexuality and masturbation. The revocation of Father Donnelly's teaching ministry culminates years of tension between him and the church regarding his views on these topics. Although Bishop Mackey had previously tolerated Father Donnelly's criticisms of church doctrine, he stated that the priest's recent outright rejection of established teachings necessitated the withdrawal of his teaching authority. This action restricts Father Donnelly's official duties to celebrating Mass and administering certain sacraments, as Bishop Mackey aimed to clarify that Father Donnelly's opinions do not reflect the teachings of the Catholic Church. Bishop Mackey acknowledged the complexities of human behaviour and the potential for even well-meaning individuals to err. He urged the congregation to pray for Father Donnelly, hoping for a return to alignment with church teachings. Despite the church’s sanctions, Father Donnelly has expressed his intention to maintain his beliefs, describing the church's decision as painful but not determining his work, which he believes continues to hold value outside formal church recognition. Father Donnelly attributed the church's decision largely to the content of his recently published book, ""Candles in the Wind"", which he claimed challenges the church's stance on sexual morality. This book has gained popularity in Australia, drawing attention to his views and placing pressure on the church to respond. Bishop Mackey had previously condemned the book for its implications regarding sexuality. While Father Donnelly is currently not considering resigning from the priesthood, he acknowledged that he has not been able to engage meaningfully with the church for many years. Since 1971, he has had no financial support from the church and has been largely excluded from its educational and public activities. In response to the situation, the Roman Catholic weekly ""Zealandia"" expressed sadness over the inevitability of the church's actions against Father Donnelly, noting that his pastoral concerns for individuals and understanding of their struggles remain significant, despite the censure. Earlier in the year, another publication, the New Zealand ""Tablet,"" suggested Father Donnelly's resignation should be contemplated, or alternatively, recommended retreating to a contemplative life at a monastic setting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800513_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800513.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,326980800
7358,14,05,1980,"Father Donnelly’s Position (Press, 14 May 1980)","In a letter published on 14 May 1980, a writer named John Brown expressed support for Father Felix Donnelly, who has come under censure by the Catholic Church in New Zealand. Brown praised Donnelly for his courage and wisdom, noting that he articulates views that resonate with many fellow priests, even if they do not voice them publicly. The letter suggests that Donnelly's experiences highlight a broader movement within the Church towards honesty and compassion, reflecting the sentiments of many priests in the field. Brown conveys a sense of hope that the Catholic hierarchy will be unable to suppress this new wave of openness among Catholics, which he believes is gaining momentum.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800514_2_129_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800514.2.129.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327067200
7359,15,05,1980,"Father Donnelly’s Position (Press, 15 May 1980)","In May 1980, a situation regarding Father Felix Donnelly has raised significant concerns about the evolving limits of toleration within the Catholic Church. Father Donnelly has been officially prohibited from teaching due to his controversial approach to the topic of sexual morality, which has drawn parallels to earlier instances where prominent theologians such as Edward Schillebeeckx and Hans Kung faced similar repression for their views. The Rev. P. A. Drury, a chaplain at the University of Canterbury, expressed solidarity with Donnelly, stating that he is a respected and compassionate priest who attempts to connect Church teachings with contemporary social realities. Drury lamented the Church's inability to accept Donnelly's perspectives, signalling a potential return to a culture of condemnation and silencing that many had hoped was in the past. In contrast, V. H. Anderson, writing in response, argued that while empathy for those facing various misfortunes is essential, Donnelly's proposed solutions are misguided. Anderson contended that had Donnelly limited his advice to private conversations rather than publicly opposing the statements made by the Pope, he may not have encountered such repercussions. Anderson also expressed frustration towards Bishop Mackey for not intervening earlier and noted that Donnelly's public statements over the past decade have caused considerable scandal within the Church. Although Donnelly remains free to express his views, he can no longer do so as an official representative of the Catholic Church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800515_2_92_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800515.2.92.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327153600
6637,16,05,1980,"Sir Keith Shows A Leg (Press, 16 May 1980)","On 16 May 1980, the opening of Parliament in New Zealand was briefly disrupted by an incident involving the Governor-General, Sir Keith Holyoake. As he prepared to open Parliament for the final time, he proudly lifted his trouser leg to reveal where he would wear his Garter after being installed as Knight of the Garter by the Queen at Windsor Castle the following month. This light-hearted moment occurred in response to a bystander's request, and he maintained a jovial attitude throughout the proceedings, even responding to another group's request for a smile. Despite the celebratory atmosphere, the event was marked by the presence of protesters outside Parliament, advocating for the repeal of laws concerning abortion and lesbian rights. Their chants and interjections were a persistent background feature during the formal proceedings. Upon arrival, the Governor-General was welcomed with a naval guard of honour and the Royal New Zealand Army Band, which played the National Anthem. After a 21-gun salute, Sir Keith inspected the guard and proceeded into Parliament with Lady Holyoake and official attendants. Inside the House of Representatives, Cabinet Ministers awaited the summons of Black Rod to enter the Legislative Chamber for the Speech from the Throne. Following this speech, which was addressed to members of Parliament, dignitaries, and invited guests, representatives returned to the House to table petitions and notices of motion. Among the significant petitions presented was one from 3,802 residents and fishermen from Waihi Beach, calling for a ban on commercial trawling in their area. Various notices of motion were tabled by members, including calls for Prime Minister Rob Muldoon to disclose his proposals regarding inflation control, a condemnation of national strike actions proposed by the Federation of Labour and the Labour Party's support for such actions, and a statement on the Labour Party's relationship with the Socialist Unity Party. Other motions included demands for the resignation of Minister of Education Mr Wellington due to alleged failures in engaging with educational groups, censure regarding land sales to foreign investors, approval of land being returned to New Zealand ownership, and a request for a moratorium on establishing FM radio in New Zealand due to financial concerns. The opening day thus encapsulated both a ceremonial send-off for Sir Keith Holyoake and the contentious political climate surrounding key social issues of the time, demonstrating a vibrant democracy engaged in dialogue and debate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800516_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800516.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327240000
7360,17,05,1980,"Father Donnelly’s Position (Press, 17 May 1980)","On 17 May 1980, a letter to the editor expressed the opinion of Mike Gillooly regarding the potential dismissal of Felix Donnelly from his position within the institutional Catholic Church. Gillooly viewed Donnelly's situation as a ""blessing in disguise,"" suggesting that it may ultimately benefit him. He also remarked that this development would serve as another example of the church's declining relevance in contemporary society, hinting at a broader critique of the institution. The letter reflects Gillooly's disillusionment with the church's direction and actions, emphasizing his desire for it to reveal its true nature to the public.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800517_2_103_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800517.2.103.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327326400
4975,17,05,1980,"Support For Priest (Press, 17 May 1980)","On 17 May 1980, the Campaign for Homosexual Equality expressed its support for the views of Rev. Felix Donnelly regarding human rights. The campaign's coordinator, Mr N. Wright, acknowledged Father Donnelly's efforts in prompting the Church to reflect on and confront contemporary realities, while noting that he had faced backlash for his beliefs. Mr Wright highlighted the struggles of homosexuals who also seek recognition of their basic human rights. He questioned the duration in which the Roman Catholic Church would be permitted to impose its outdated views as the sole interpretation of truth.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800517_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800517.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327326400
7311,19,05,1980,"Censure Of Priest Criticised (Press, 19 May 1980)","In Auckland, the Rev. Felix Donnelly is facing significant censure from the Roman Catholic Church, which his associates believe highlights broader issues within the Church itself. Those who have collaborated with Father Donnelly, particularly in organisations like Youthline, asserted that the actions taken against him reflect more on the Church's current state rather than on the priest himself. T. J. Locke, a university lecturer, commented that hard-line Catholics have sought to silence Father Donnelly, but noted that he would continue to express his views externally since he would no longer have an official platform within the Church. The Most Rev. John Mackey, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland, announced that Father Donnelly's ministry of teaching has been revoked due to ongoing disagreements on morality, homosexuality, and masturbation. This revocation prohibits Father Donnelly from hearing confessions or preaching within the Church. Locke highlighted that Father Donnelly had dedicated his life to aiding young people grappling with personal crises, particularly regarding identity and sexuality, claiming that many felt the Church was failing to address their needs. The National Gay Rights Coalition expressed disappointment, stating that the Church prioritised maintaining outdated and rigid doctrines over empathy for marginalized groups. Mr R. Finnemore, the coalition's northern representative, remarked that Father Donnelly’s insights into human relationships stemmed from thorough study and a genuine concern for the oppressed, which he felt the Church did not reflect. Professor D. S. Cole, the Dean of the Auckland Medical School, praised Father Donnelly’s contributions to medical education, stating his lectures on human relationships formed a valuable part of the curriculum and that his counselling work was well-regarded among students. Additionally, Father Donnelly's book, ""Candles in the Wind,"" has been well-received despite causing discord within the Church, and it is set to launch in Britain, indicating its perceived value by publishers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800519_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800519.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327499200
4976,19,05,1980,"Father Donnelly’s Position (Press, 19 May 1980)","In a series of letters published in response to Rev. P. A. Drury's comments regarding the Catholic Church's treatment of Father Felix Donnelly, various correspondents express their views on the matter, particularly concerning issues of homosexuality and the Church's moral authority. J. V. Pierson argues that the Church is not intolerant and clarifies that Father Donnelly has not been silenced; instead, he is no longer allowed to speak on behalf of the Church and now speaks as an individual. Pierson suggests that while criticism is acceptable, promoting standards that diverge from those of the Church is not. In a more critical tone, Varian J. Wilson expresses concern over Father Donnelly's liberal views, which he believes undermine humanism by allegedly promoting homosexual practices. Wilson contends that, regardless of individual circumstances, those who engage in homosexual behaviour often have a compulsion that can be harmful. He advocates for compassion towards those suffering from these issues but insists that this does not equate to condoning behaviour he views as wrongful. Joyce Sumpter reacts to a letter from A. H. O’Neill by supporting Bishop Mackey's opposition to homosexuality. She opines that many Catholics appreciate his stance and highlights a distinction between compassion and tolerance. Sumpter references biblical teachings, suggesting that, while compassion is virtuous, it does not mean acceptance of ongoing sin. Lastly, G. K. Murrow questions the validity of Father Donnelly's views, asserting that if Christian ethics have remained unchanged for nearly 2000 years, it is improbable that Donnelly's liberal stance is correct. He argues that moral concepts have historical roots and remain relevant for maintaining societal order and community strength. Overall, the letters reflect a range of perspectives on morality, compassion, and the authority of the Church, with many contributors expressing a desire to uphold traditional Catholic teachings in the face of modern interpretations. The discussions mirror broader societal debates of the time regarding sexuality, ethics, and religious leadership.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800519_2_112_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800519.2.112.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327499200
4977,20,05,1980,"Chalk And Cheese (Press, 20 May 1980)","On 20 May 1980, television critic John Collins discussed the intriguing programming choices available to viewers on a Sunday afternoon, focusing on the episode of “Newsmakers” aired on TV2. The episode featured an interview with Father Felix Donnelly and Auckland’s Bishop Mackey, addressing sensitive topics such as homosexuality, masturbation, contraception, and abortion. Collins highlighted the peculiar timing of the broadcast, traditionally meant for family-friendly content like “The Wonderful World of Disney,” which led to concerns about appropriateness given that children were the main audience during that time. Collins expressed his views on the show’s placement, suggesting that it was out of sync with its serious subject matter and the adult interests of viewers. He noted that many adults might be preoccupied with recovering from the weekend, making the airing time ill-suited for such a weighty discussion. Despite acknowledging “Newsmakers” as a top current-affairs interview programme and lan Fraser as a skilled interviewer, Collins lamented that Fraser had been relegated to a less prominent time slot following a television schedule reshuffle, restricting him to lighter subjects and animal-themed segments. The interview itself, while insightful, was described as lacking confrontation, with Bishop Mackey and Father Donnelly displaying familiarity and concern for one another. During their discussion, Bishop Mackey reiterated the Church’s aim for excellence while acknowledging Father Donnelly’s struggles with controversial issues. Collins detailed the emotional nuances of the conversation, particularly a moment when Father Donnelly appeared near tears, which was accentuated by the directing choices made during the broadcast. Collins juxtaposed this serious dialogue with the subsequent programming that followed, indicating a shift in tone towards more uplifting entertainment. He described the transition from a heavy topic to a light-hearted musical segment, highlighting the contrast and the expectation for viewers to find solace in cheerful performances right after a serious discussion about faith and contentious moral issues. In his critique, Collins conveyed a sense of frustration regarding the scheduling and thematic dissonance within the television programming, suggesting that serious conversations deserve appropriate placements in the viewing schedule to engage viewers fully. The piece ultimately reflects on the challenges of balancing sensitive topics with audience expectations in television broadcasting during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800520_2_95_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800520.2.95.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327585600
7661,20,05,1980,"Police Urge Commission To Ignore ‘trivia' (Press, 20 May 1980)","On 20 May 1980, the Police Association in New Zealand urged the Human Rights Commission to focus on significant social challenges faced by single women and homosexuals, rather than trivial matters. Dr R. A. Moodie, the secretary of the Association, expressed concern over the enforcement of current laws regarding indecent acts between consenting males. He noted that in Auckland, tensions had escalated due to police obligations to enforce these homosexuality laws, which often led to perceptions of persecution. Dr Moodie proposed that the Human Rights Commissioner, Mr P. J. Downey, consider modifying the laws regarding indecent acts between consenting adults and introducing a clear age of consent. However, he argued that sodomy laws should remain unchanged. This change, he suggested, would alleviate law enforcement issues in relation to harmless private consensual activities and reduce prosecutions of homosexuals, except in cases where acts occurred in public. Assistant Commissioner B. W. Gibson from Police National Headquarters stated that there had been no complaints from police officers regarding homosexuality laws. He emphasised that if officers felt dissatisfied with any law, they could bring their concerns to the attention of police leadership. Should these issues be deemed significant, submissions could then be made to the Minister of Police, Mr Gill. Furthermore, Dr Moodie highlighted the lack of action from the Human Rights Commission regarding discrimination against single individuals, particularly women. He pointed out that a year earlier, the Commission had been asked to investigate the case of a single female police officer on transfer, who faced difficulties securing a Housing Corporation loan and first mortgage finance due to her status as a single woman. Dr Moodie lamented that being a single woman placed one at a considerable disadvantage when seeking mortgage finance. In response, Mr Downey stated that he preferred not to engage in public controversy with Dr Moodie and encouraged him to discuss the matter directly with him. Prime Minister Mr Muldoon also weighed in, expressing his dissatisfaction with some of the absurd issues the Commission was tasked with addressing and indicated that legislative amendments would be necessary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800520_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800520.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327585600
7361,22,05,1980,"Father Donnelly’s Position (Press, 22 May 1980)","In a series of letters published in response to Father Donnelly's views on sexuality and Catholic doctrine, various contributors expressed their opinions on the evolving attitudes within the Catholic Church in 1980. One letter from R.W. and C. Glue advocated for Father Donnelly to be recognised for his bravery in voicing his humanistic beliefs regarding homosexuality and encouraged other Catholics to openly reveal their true moral values, especially those who engage in practices seen as contrary to traditional teachings, such as using contraception or seeking abortions. They argued that discussions should be grounded in common sense rather than outdated doctrines imposed by church authorities in Rome. Another contributor, A. I. Ryan, critiqued Father Donnelly's interpretation of Catholic morality, stating that the focus should remain on the absolute laws set by God and the necessity of a moral conscience. He expressed concern that contemporary views might lead to societal acceptance of sinful behaviours, noting that feeling good about personal choices does not absolve one of sin. He referenced the Bible to emphasise that widespread behaviour should not be used as a justification for wrongdoing. Anne Barnao added to the discourse by highlighting a sense of confusion and fear among Catholics regarding modern interpretations of faith. She lamented that the once clear-cut authoritarian structure of the church has shifted to a more subjective form, where individual clergy members may impose their interpretations of church teachings. This new dynamic, she argued, creates uncertainty for the faithful as they navigate the varied liturgies and ideas set forth by different bishops or priests. Through these letters, a clear divide among Catholics emerged, with some embracing a more modern, liberal interpretation of the faith, while others clung to traditional teachings and expressed concern over the potential erosion of moral standards within the church. The ongoing conversation reflected a broader societal struggle with issues of authority, morality, and individual conscience in the context of religious belief during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800522_2_125_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800522.2.125.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327758400
4978,23,05,1980,"Police Association Proposal (Press, 23 May 1980)","In a response to a suggestion made by Dr R. A. Moodie, secretary of the Police Association, Paul Maling criticises the idea of modifying laws around indecent acts between consenting adults while leaving sodomy laws unchanged. Maling argues that such a proposal would create a distinction between two classes of homosexual individuals based solely on their sexual activities, which he deems both absurd and unjust. He emphasises that the diversity of sexual preferences within the homosexual community is as broad as that found in heterosexual relationships, and thus, maintaining a ban on certain forms of sexual expression could effectively limit the rights of some homosexual individuals. He expresses confidence that the gay community will resist any attempts to impose such classifications or divisions within it. Maling’s letter was published on 21 May 1980 in response to an article in “The Press” dated 20 May 1980.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800523_2_106_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800523.2.106.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,327844800
7081,26,05,1980,"Kennedy Support For Gays (Press, 26 May 1980)","On 26 May 1980, Senator Edward Kennedy announced his strong commitment to supporting homosexual rights as part of his campaign for the presidency. Speaking to around 200 members of the LGBTQ+ community in Los Angeles, he emphasized his dedication to advocating for the rights of gay men and lesbians. Kennedy stated that he aimed to secure robust support for gay rights in the Democratic Party's presidential convention policy statement and pledged to uphold these rights if he were elected president. Throughout his seven months of campaigning, Kennedy noted that his understanding of the concerns facing the gay community had deepened. He recognised the community's significant political organisation, particularly in cities like San Francisco and Los Angeles, where they wield considerable influence. As he sought support for the upcoming Democratic primary election in California, scheduled for 3 June 1980, Kennedy pointed out that the race for the Democratic presidential nomination remained undecided, as he was trailing behind President Jimmy Carter in terms of delegates. This announcement reflects Kennedy's strategy to build alliances within the LGBTQ+ community during a pivotal election period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800526_2_66_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800526.2.66.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328104000
4979,26,05,1980,"Police Association Proposal (Press, 26 May 1980)","In a letter to the editor, Varian J. Wilson expressed strong opinions regarding the issue of homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. He acknowledged that, in principle, such acts should not be criminalised. However, Wilson criticised the idea of the secretary of the Police Association consulting with a homosexual group on reviewing current laws, comparing it to a hypothetical consultation with a burglars’ union about amending penalties for dishonesty. He noted the diversity of homosexual interests and raised concerns about advocacy efforts that suggest lowering the age of consent to 14. Wilson implied that some of the literature on this subject far exceeds the proposals made in the Wolfenden Report, which addressed the legalisation of homosexual acts. He lamented the potential denial of certain expressions of sexuality, specifically referencing sadomasochism. Finally, he contrasted the situation in New Zealand with that of European homosexuals, who have access to legalised homosexual relations with minors in places such as Turkish Cyprus, highlighting a perceived disparity in the freedoms available to homosexuals in different regions. Wilson's letter was dated 23 May 1980.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800526_2_102_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800526.2.102.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328104000
4980,29,05,1980,"Police Association Proposal (Press, 29 May 1980)","In a letter to the editor, Paul Maling responds to Varian J. Wilson's views on homosexuality, directly addressing Wilson's comparison of a gay group to a ""burglars' union."" Maling critiques Wilson for misrepresenting homosexuality as a ""perversion"" and ""sickness."" He cites Sigmund Freud's 1935 assertion that homosexuality is not an illness, but rather a natural variation of sexual function. Maling supports his argument by referencing subsequent studies in animal and human behaviour that demonstrate the normalcy of homosexual expression. He argues that outdated beliefs regarding homosexuality as ""against nature"" originated from specific cultural perspectives, namely those of the Hebrews and Zoroastrians, and not from a universal understanding of human behaviour. Maling's letter seeks to challenge misconceptions surrounding homosexuality and advocate for its acceptance as a natural part of human diversity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800529_2_90_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800529.2.90.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328363200
7082,31,05,1980,"Radio Rhema Listener (Press, 31 May 1980)","Annette Lang is a devoted listener of Radio Rhema, tuning in each morning and taking her radio with her wherever she goes. She expresses her enjoyment of the station, particularly appreciating the music it broadcasts. Radio Rhema, based in Christchurch, has expanded its programming schedule and is now on air from 6 a.m. to midnight every Saturday and Sunday, as well as from 6 a.m. to noon during weekdays. The station can be accessed at 1575 kHz, and listeners are encouraged to refer to the programme details provided in the publication.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800531_2_100_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800531.2.100.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328536000
4981,02,06,1980,"Cable Briefs (Press, 2 June 1980)","On 2 June 1980, a federal court jury in the United States ruled that a six-year-old girl who survived the tragic Saigon crash of an Air Force plane would receive $1 million in civil damages. The crash occurred on 4 April 1975 while the aircraft was transporting Vietnamese orphans to new homes. The girl, who has American adoptive parents, is the second young survivor to be awarded damages, while another survivor's case was dismissed without compensation. The incident claimed the lives of 135 individuals, including 76 orphans, following the failure of a cargo door mid-flight, leading to the crash of the world's largest aircraft. In Connecticut, three individuals were injured, two critically, when a passenger opened fire with a rifle on a passenger train in New London. Among the victims were a conductor, a female passenger, and a railway policeman who responded to the situation. A suspect was apprehended, although the motive behind the shootings remains unclear. Meanwhile, a special conference of the British Labour Party adopted a document proposing radical left-wing policies aimed at future governance. The paper suggested extensive government control over industry, nationalisation of North Sea oil resources, and reductions in defence expenditure. While the document does not obligate a future Labour government, members on the left hope it will steer the party towards more socialist principles. In Massachusetts, Aaron Fricke, a homosexual high school student, made headlines by attending a school dance with his male partner, supported by enhanced security measures. The Cumberland High School in Sutton hired additional police to ensure their safety against potential threats from other students. Fricke had previously won a Federal court case that granted him this right, and the school's principal warned that strict consequences would follow any disruptive behaviour. Lastly, tension appeared to be brewing between Europe and the United States over Middle East policy. After a meeting between French Foreign Minister Jean François Poncet and American Secretary of State Edmund Muskie, Poncet asserted that Europe must engage in efforts to achieve peace in the Middle East and address Palestinian autonomy. However, a senior State Department official indicated that the U.S. was not prepared to abandon the Camp David accords. In response, nations within the European Economic Community expressed a desire to resolve the stalemate in Palestinian discussions potentially by inviting the United Nations to mediate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800602_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800602.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328708800
6897,02,06,1980,"Inferior Work Finds Useful Function (Press, 2 June 1980)","The University of Canterbury Drama Society is presenting the South Island premiere of ""State of the Play,"" Roger Hall's third stage play from 1978, at the Ngaio Marsh Theatre. The production runs from 31 May to 7 June 1980. Directed by Elizabeth Moody, the performance includes the controversial ""transvestite scene"" towards the end, making it noteworthy in the context of local theatre. Though Hall's play has received less acclaim compared to his other works and was largely ignored by professional theatres, the production serves as an engaging opportunity for student actors. The narrative unfolds around six individuals attending a playwriting course at a rural school, where an erstwhile famous playwright instructs them on the principles of crafting a ""well-made play."" The adult students ultimately collaborate to create a poorly structured play that fails to resonate deeply due to its clichéd situations and stereotypical characters. Critics have found moments of truth in the finale, though these are easily overlooked amid the banalities of the script. The production leans heavily on Hall's acclaimed one-liners, with moments designed to elicit laughter from the audience. However, this reliance on formulaic humour becomes apparent and might not be well-received by everyone. Critics noted that the structure of the play suffers from repetition, as two out of three scenes conclude with similar patterns, evoking comparisons to Hall's earlier work, ""Glide Time."" The self-referential nature of a lecture on dramaturgy magnifies these weaknesses. Despite its flaws, many audience members found the performance enjoyable and comedic. The credit for these successes lies with the cast and director, who adeptly trimmed some problematic aspects of the play. Though there were occasional tendencies towards overacting, particularly in pursuit of effective projection, these are largely forgivable, as the actors are still honing their craft. Craig Hood stands out as the playwright, embodying a sense of tired cynicism, while John Caldwell impressively captures the essence of the teacher in the group. In supporting roles, Liz Grant and Jennifer Compton excel in their significant scenes, but the more vibrant performances of Paul Wimsett as the dentist and Paul Bushnell as the transvestite dominate the stage. The portrayal of the transvestite was entrenched in controversy, yet the execution was such that it prompted neither outrage nor scandal. Overall, the production is recognised as a commendable interpretation of a play that, while flawed, shares comedic characteristics with Hall's previous works. As Hall noted, ""the rest … is silence.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800602_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800602.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328708800
6638,02,06,1980,"Lesbian Books Inquiry (Press, 2 June 1980)","On 2 June 1980, the Minister of Justice, Mr McLay, responded to inquiries about the classification of several lesbian-themed publications by the Indecent Publications Tribunal. In a written question, Mr D. M. J. Jones, a member of the National Party representing Helensville, sought to have a series of 15 lesbian books, including titles like ""Lesbian Body,"" ""The Joy of Lesbian Sex,"" and ""Lesbian Nation,"" referred to the tribunal for classification. Mr Jones is also advocating for the banning of ""Penthouse"" magazine. In his reply, Mr McLay clarified that the tribunal does not review every publication or even all those that might be considered questionable. Its main function is to set standards and address difficult or disputed cases. Mr McLay noted that the specific books mentioned by Mr Jones had not been previously sent to the tribunal, and neither the Comptroller of Customs nor the Secretary of Justice was aware of these titles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800602_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800602.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328708800
7662,03,06,1980,"Cable Briefs (Press, 3 June 1980)","Japanese Prime Minister Masayoshi Ohira, aged 70, has been admitted to hospital due to heart trouble exacerbated by fatigue. Doctors reported that he is suffering from angina pectoris and will require hospital treatment for at least another week, although they anticipate no deterioration in his condition. In Iran, a woman previously spared execution for drug smuggling has been executed after an Islamic judge determined she was maintaining contact with other smugglers while in prison. She was the only defendant among 21 in a drug trial last month to receive a life sentence over the firing squad, alongside another smuggler who was executed for multiple charges, including sodomy. Tehran's primary racecourse, which had been temporarily used as a facility for 3,000 drug addicts, is set to revert back to horse racing activities. Ayatollah Sadeq Khalkhali ordered the shift during a visit, stating that drug addicts would be moved to prisons, and that the racecourse must uphold Islamic values. A tragic incident near Bombay resulted in the recovery of 41 bodies from the ruins of a collapsed four-storey building in Mumbra, with fears that many more individuals may still be trapped beneath the debris. In Zimbabwe, an increasing number of white residents are contemplating leaving the newly independent nation despite government reassurances regarding their safety and future. The political climate has led to a backlog of furniture in warehouses as individuals await permission to relocate to South Africa, contributing to a shortage of storage space. In Nigeria, the External Affairs Minister, Abubakar Usman, was reported dead along with 16 others after a Nigerian Air Force plane crashed into the sea shortly after take-off from Lagos. Initial investigations indicate that bad weather was a likely cause of the accident, which involved a twin-engine Fokker 27 aircraft. In London, British police are probing a recent bombing at the Kuwait Oil Company office, suspecting a possible connection to a foiled bomb attack at the Kuwait tourist office in Paris. While the London explosion caused significant damage, no injuries were reported. A bomb found in Paris was successfully defused. Authorities are currently unaware of who might be responsible for either incident. Lastly, Dr Kenneth Heaton, a gallstone specialist from Bristol Royal Infirmary, has reported a concerning link between the contraceptive pill and an increased risk of developing gallstones. Women who take the pill are said to have double the risk compared to the average woman, with female sex hormones contributing to this heightened vulnerability.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800603_2_60_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800603.2.60.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328795200
7814,03,06,1980,"Mr Jones Is Not Impressed (Press, 3 June 1980)","On 3 June 1980, a controversy arose within the New Zealand National Party involving Mr Dail Jones, the Helensville Member of Parliament, and the magazine ""Penthouse."" Mr Jones, known for his vocal opposition to the magazine, expressed his disdain for it by declaring that he would promptly discard any subscription given to him. In a light-hearted response, a group of young National Party members decided to gift him an annual subscription, claiming it would allow him to “maintain his intimate and continuing scrutiny” of the publication. Mr Jones reacted to the gesture by stating that the magazine did not merit his attention and reaffirmed his stance against it, suggesting the young members were squandering their financial resources. He further proposed that their funds would be better allocated to assist those suffering from poverty in Asia. The situation escalated following remarks made by another National MP, Miss Marilyn Waring, during a speech to the Young Nationals on Saturday. In her address, Miss Waring highlighted the contrast between the frivolous fixation some New Zealanders had on the centrefold of ""Penthouse"" and the dire circumstances faced by people in impoverished countries, which she noted were focused on basic survival and needs. Her comments were seen as a subtle critique of Mr Jones's attempts to have the magazine banned, prompting Mr Jones to express his dissatisfaction regarding her statements. This incident reflects the ongoing cultural debates within New Zealand at the time, particularly around issues of media consumption, morality, and the priorities of society in addressing global poverty.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800603_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800603.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328795200
4982,05,06,1980,"Views On Homosexuality (Press, 5 June 1980)","On 5 June 1980, Dr R. A. Moodie, the secretary of the New Zealand Police Association, clarified that his recommendations to the Human Rights Commission regarding changes to laws on homosexuality did not originate from the Police Association itself. In response to a letter by Varian J. Wilson published in ""The Press,"" Dr Moodie asserted that his suggestions were made in his personal capacity and did not reflect a formal position of the association, which had no official stance on the question of homosexual law reform. Dr Moodie described Wilson's letter as containing ""some rather irrational and emotive statements"" about the topic. He expressed concern about the enforcement of current laws, stating that the existing legal framework was fostering increased tension within the gay community. Many individuals identified law enforcement actions, even when justified, as instances of harassment and oppression against gay people. His recommendations to Human Rights Commissioner Mr P. J. Downey included the proposal that laws concerning indecent acts between consenting adults be revised, alongside the introduction of an age of consent. However, he specified that there should be no alterations made to the sodomy laws. Dr Moodie argued that the current legal framework discriminates against males, highlighting the disparity where indecent acts between consenting males are illegal while similar acts between females are legal. He suggested that to eliminate this discrimination, the laws could either be liberalised or the prohibitions against males could be extended to cover females, though he noted that the latter choice would be contrary to prevailing international opinions. Dr Moodie concluded that the appropriate course for New Zealand, if it opted to make changes, would be to legalise consensual indecent acts between adult males, while firmly excluding any reforms of sodomy laws from his recommendations. He indicated that this provided context to many of the statements made in Wilson’s correspondence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800605_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800605.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,328968000
4983,06,06,1980,"Police Association Proposal (Press, 6 June 1980)","In a letter published on 6 June 1980 in response to an article by Dr Moodie regarding recommendations to the Human Rights Commissioner, Hugh Gaw, co-editor of Pink Triangle, expresses his concerns about the proposed legal reforms. Gaw appreciates Dr Moodie’s suggestion to lower the age of consent for male homosexual acts to 16, aligning it with the heterosexual age of consent. However, he criticises the exclusion of any changes to the laws relating to sodomy, arguing that this maintains a contradiction in an already flawed legal framework. Gaw points out that both homosexual and heterosexual individuals engage in sodomy, and questions the enforcement of this law if it remains unchanged. He raises concerns about the practicality of policing the law concerning sodomy, particularly how authorities are currently applying it equally to both homosexuals and heterosexuals. Gaw's letter highlights the complexities and inconsistencies within the legal system concerning sexual acts, urging for a more comprehensive reform that addresses these issues rather than partial measures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800606_2_77_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800606.2.77.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,329054400
7426,09,06,1980,"Concentration Is Needed (Press, 9 June 1980)","On 9 June 1980, a review of Bernardo Bertolucci's film ""La Luna"" was published, shedding light on its complex themes and cinematic qualities. The film, which features a screenplay by Giuseppe Bertolucci, Clère Peploe, and Bernardo Bertolucci, explores emotionally charged relationships within a backdrop of Italy's picturesque landscapes and a classical setting. The narrative centres on a widow, played by Jill Clayburgh, who embarks on a singing tour of Italy with her 15-year-old son, portrayed by Matthew Barry. However, their journey is marred by a tumultuous emotional state following the sudden death of the family patriarch. The review warns that the film, despite its sensational publicity surrounding themes such as incest, may not satisfy those seeking purely erotic content, akin to Bertolucci’s earlier film, ""Last Tango in Paris."" Instead, ""La Luna"" presents a richly layered story, beckoning viewers to engage thoughtfully with its content. Set against a vibrant Italian setting with coastal vistas and ancient ruins, the film contrasts sharply with the claustrophobic environment of ""Last Tango in Paris."" The celestial presence of the moon acts as a silent observer throughout the film, lending a Freudian undertone to the unfolding drama. A notable scene involves the son drawing a peculiar moon, suggesting an exploration of complex familial love mirrored in other narratives, such as ""Kramer vs. Kramer."" As the plot unfolds, it becomes apparent that both mother and son are navigating a path marked by emotional disturbance and sexual frustration. The son's emotional struggles manifest in an Oedipal quest, culminating in tense interactions with peers, including a confrontation with a girl who introduces him to heroin. This revelation leads him into darker escapades involving drugs and bisexuality, which shock his mother into action. The mother's desperate attempts to reconnect with her son reveal the magnitude of their relationship's dysfunction. In a poignant scene, she grapples with her role in his downward spiral, questioning, ""What have I done to you?"" The film's exploration of drug use, sexual exploration, and the complexities of mother-son dynamics produces some of its most harrowing moments, starkly juxtaposed by the film’s overall aesthetic beauty, thanks to cinematographer Vittorio Storaro's work. Despite availing itself of controversial subject matter, ""La Luna"" is described as powerful and beautifully executed, challenging audiences to reflect on its deeper meanings. The review ultimately presents ""La Luna"" as one of the year's standout films, particularly for those willing to delve into its thematic richness beyond the sensationalised aspects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800609_2_94_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800609.2.94.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,329313600
7663,10,06,1980,"Police Association Proposal (Press, 10 June 1980)","In a recent development in New Zealand, police actions in Auckland have sparked significant demonstrations from the gay community, reflecting a growing sense of solidarity among gay individuals. This wave of protest highlights rising tensions surrounding the enforcement of existing laws, a concern noted by Dr R. A. Moodie, secretary of the Police Association. For the first time, the organised response from the gay community is seen as a substantial force that the police cannot ignore. Dr Moodie's recommendations appear to suggest a strategy of ""divide and rule,"" as he has proposed to classify various sexual acts in a way that notably excludes sodomy from what he deems a ""harmless"" category. This differentiation has met with resistance, as critics reference the Wolfenden Report, which essentially argues that such classifications are unfounded and unjust. The report notably challenged the moral, physical, and emotional distinctions made between different sexual activities, calling into question the credibility of Dr Moodie’s selective stance on sodomy. Critics, such as Paul Maling, have emphasised that the burden of proof now lies with Dr Moodie to either justify his position against sodomy or acknowledge that his recommendations may serve more as a protective measure for police interests rather than genuine concern for the well-being of harassed homosexuals. This situation underscores the evolving landscape of gay rights and the tensions arising from the enforcement of laws perceived as discriminatory.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800610_2_101_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800610.2.101.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,329400000
4984,13,06,1980,"Strange Case Of Policeman Who Shot Himself Five... (Press, 13 June 1980)","On 13 June 1980, a troubling situation regarding the death of Inspector John MacLennan, a Scottish expatriate policeman in Hong Kong, has raised significant public unease and highlighted potential flaws in the colony’s judicial processes. The case emerged after the colony's Attorney-General, John Griffiths, declared that MacLennan had committed suicide, despite a jury’s recent “open” verdict during the inquest, which failed to determine whether his death resulted from suicide or murder. MacLennan was found dead in his Kowloon flat on 15 January 1980, with five bullet wounds in his body. Evidence presented at the inquest suggested that while it was theoretically possible for an individual to inflict multiple wounds upon themselves, the locked door to his apartment and further investigations into the accessibility of the flat raised doubts about this conclusion. Notably, a journalist was able to enter through a window later, contradicting the assertion that entry by an outsider was impossible. Prior to his death, MacLennan had been subjected to internal police investigation over allegations related to homosexual activities, and he was reportedly set to be interviewed again by colleagues shortly before his untimely demise. However, many relevant pieces of evidence regarding these investigations were deemed irrelevant by the coroner and excluded from the inquest. The Attorney-General’s claims that he possessed undisclosed evidence, which led to his assertion of suicide, ignited fierce backlash. The jury foreman called for public disclosure of this evidence, and many in the liberal segments of Hong Kong society condemned Griffiths’ actions, claiming it was inappropriate for him to make such a declaration without presenting all evidence to the jury. The Attorney-General’s subsequent silence only intensified the criticisms, as many believed his stance indicated a cover-up involving higher government officials. This situation has led to broader discussions about the integrity of the judicial system in Hong Kong, with newspapers and public commentators calling for a renewed examination of the case. Many expressed scepticism that the Legislative Council, which is considered heavily influenced by the Governor's appointees, would initiate any meaningful review of the case. The impression of a potential cover-up, especially given the past allegations involving senior police officers and homosexual activities, only serves to deepen public distrust. Critics are increasingly concerned about the reliability of a justice system that claims to combat corruption while possibly demanding a re-evaluation of its functioning. The death of Inspector MacLennan remains a contentious issue, shedding light on larger concerns about judicial processes and the rule of law in Hong Kong.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800613_2_62_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800613.2.62.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,329659200
4070,19,06,1980,"Gay Pride Week (Press, 19 June 1980)","From June 21 to June 28, 1980, Wellington will observe Gay Pride Week as announced by the National Gay Rights Coalition. The week will include “Blue Jeans Day” on June 27, where members of the LGBTQ+ community and their allies are encouraged to wear blue jeans in solidarity. Additionally, June 28 marks International Gay Solidarity Day, which commemorates the eleventh anniversary of the Stonewall riots in New York, events considered pivotal in the emergence of the modern gay liberation movement. In Christchurch, Gay Pride Week will feature a range of activities such as talkback radio shows, poetry and play readings, and a dance. A ceremony on Sunday, June 22, will involve laying a wreath at the Citizens’ War Memorial to honour LGBTQ+ individuals who died while fighting, and a public forum titled “Gays and the Church” is scheduled for June 26.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800619_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800619.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,330177600
7312,19,06,1980,"Labour Chairman Quits In Protest (Press, 19 June 1980)","On 19 June 1980, tensions within the Labour Party surfaced as Jack Hughes, chairman of the Balmoral branch in the Eden electorate, announced his resignation. His decision was prompted by the selection of Dr Ian Scott, a gay rights activist and medical school lecturer, as the Labour candidate for the upcoming General Election. Dr Scott, who is noted for his previous involvement as an executive member of the National Gay Rights Coalition, was chosen as the party's representative last month. Hughes expressed concerns that Dr Scott’s nomination could alienate some of the party's traditional supporters. He stated that he did not believe Dr Scott was ""electable,"" a sentiment he indicated was shared by other members within the party. Despite expressing respect for Dr Scott, whom he described as ""open and honest"" and possessing significant courage, Hughes maintained his stance on the potential risks associated with the candidate's sexual orientation. Although resigning from his leadership position, Hughes clarified that he would remain a member of the party and planned to attend next year’s annual conference. He aimed to advocate for changes in the party’s candidate selection procedures to prevent similar issues in the future. In a related development, another resignation occurred within the party. George Madden, the former chairman of the Onehunga Labour electorate committee, resigned last week. His resignation was in protest against what he termed the undue influence of party head office in the candidacy of F. M. Gerbic for the Onehunga by-election. During a committee meeting, Madden's resignation letter was initially met with a motion to accept it ""with regret,"" but an amendment was successful in removing the expression, indicating a lack of sympathy from the committee towards Madden's protest. These events highlight a growing discord within the Labour Party regarding candidate selections and the impact of social issues on electoral viability.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800619_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800619.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,330177600
4985,21,06,1980,"Mr Freer May Press Charge On Forgery In Homosexual... (Press, 21 June 1980)","On 21 June 1980, Mr W. W. Freer, the Labour member of Parliament for Mount Albert, announced that he may pursue charges related to forgery concerning a draft bill he was developing on homosexual law reform. Freer informed Prime Minister Mr Muldoon of his suspicions regarding the identity of the individual responsible for the forgeries, which he believed were sent from a single location. While initially indicating he would not pursue charges of breach of privilege, the Prime Minister advised him to reconsider if he could obtain definitive evidence. The controversy arose after a forged version of Freer's draft bill was circulated among Parliament members and others, which contained significant alterations aimed at stirring confusion and dissent. Freer's original intent for the bill was to lower the age of consent for sexual acts between consenting males from 20 to 18. The forged document, however, changed this age to 10, significantly altering the fundamental aims of the legislation and likely inciting outrage. Freer detailed how he had previously explored the introduction of similar legislation in 1979 but had postponed his efforts due to backlash from various groups who felt his original proposal was inadequate. His bill, influenced by discussions with the Homosexual Law Reform Society and other responsible parties, aimed to align New Zealand's laws more closely with those in England, which had established more progressive principles over a decade earlier. Freer was encouraged by anticipated support for his measures within Parliament, although he acknowledged that some members' consciences might lead them to oppose the bill. Despite facing opposition from radical groups advocating for more sweeping changes in sexual conduct laws, Freer had decided to revisit the issue in 1980, circulating a revised draft of his bill seeking feedback and further discussion among his colleagues in Parliament. This renewed effort was intended to address previous criticisms and facilitate a more informed and supportive dialogue surrounding homosexual law reform in New Zealand. The situation surrounding the forged bill not only complicated his efforts but also highlighted the contentious nature of discussions surrounding sexual orientation and legislative reform during that period. Freer's allegations of forgery reveal serious concerns within the political arena about the integrity of legislative processes and underline the challenges faced by advocates of reform in the face of political and social opposition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800621_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800621.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,330350400
4986,23,06,1980,"M.P. Denies Report (Press, 23 June 1980)","On 23 June 1980, the Labour MP for Mount Albert, Mr W. W. Freer, dismissed a report claiming he revealed the name of the individual he suspected of forging a draft bill on homosexual law reform under his name. Prime Minister Mr Muldoon also rejected this report. Mr Freer stated that during a meeting with Mr Muldoon at Parliament on the previous Friday, he expressed his belief that certain individuals or groups were behind the forgery. Mr Muldoon encouraged Mr Freer to consider pursuing breach-of-privilege charges against the forgers, which Mr Freer plans to do if he can obtain definitive proof. The National Gay Rights Coalition has accused Mr Freer of suggesting that it was implicated in the forgery and has challenged him to either provide evidence for this claim or clarify that the coalition was not involved. Mr G. Young, the coalition’s national co-ordinator, asserted that Mr Freer was disconnected from the coalition, which had opposed both his 1979 draft bill and the current year’s proposal. Young pointed out that Mr Freer was consulting primarily with the Homosexual Law Reform Society, indicating a lack of engagement with the broader perspectives and concerns of lesbians and gay men impacted by the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800623_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800623.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,330523200
7313,27,06,1980,"Jeans Not For Mayor (Press, 27 June 1980)","On 27 June 1980, the Mayor of Christchurch, Mr Hamish Hay, declined an invitation to participate in ""Blue Jeans Day"" organised by the local branch of the National Gay Rights Coalition. The event aimed to draw attention to the human rights of the estimated 25,000 individuals within the gay community in Christchurch. Mr Hay stated that he does not wear jeans as they are not his style and also mentioned that he does not own a pair of jeans. While expressing that he supports the rights of the group, he indicated that he had not been approached to endorse the initiative specifically. J. Wooles, a spokesperson for the National Gay Rights Coalition, revealed that letters were sent to several political figures, including Mr Hay, Labour mayoral candidate Mrs Molly Clark, and former Values candidate Mr Peter Heal, inviting them to don blue jeans in solidarity with the gay community. Wooles noted that none of the three had responded to the invitation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800627_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800627.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,330868800
7815,28,06,1980,"Conference On Women (Press, 28 June 1980)","On 28 June 1980, it was announced that Miss Colleen Dewe, the former Government member of Parliament for Lyttelton, would lead a delegation from New Zealand to the United Nations Decade for Women world conference in Copenhagen, scheduled from 14 to 30 July. Miss Dewe serves as New Zealand’s representative on the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women. The delegation was revealed by the Government spokesman on women, Mr McLay, and will include notable figures such as Mrs Vivienne Boyd, president of the National Council of Women; Miss Marilyn Waring, M.P.; and Mrs Violet Pou, president of the New Zealand Maori Women’s Welfare League. Additionally, Ms Helen Fawthorpe will represent the New Zealand permanent mission to the United Nations in New York. Mr McLay also mentioned that Dame Miriam Dell, chairperson of the Committee on Women, would join the delegation for part of the conference, leading an International Council of Women’s delegation in her role as I.C.W. president. The New Zealand Government plans to provide financial assistance to help up to five additional advisers and non-governmental representatives attend a non-governmental forum associated with the conference. This financial support will contribute significantly towards their fares and accommodation, enabling New Zealand to send 11 delegates and representatives, potentially making it the largest delegation of its kind to such meetings. The conference's primary objective is to review the progress made in the first half of the decade regarding UN goals for women, focusing on ""equality, development and peace."" Additionally, the conference aims to establish a programme of action for the latter half of the decade. This will encompass creating national targets and strategies to improve women's integration and participation in economic and social development, with specific attention on employment, health, and education. The conference will also address regional and international targets and strategies along these lines, as highlighted by Mr McLay.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800628_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800628.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,330955200
4987,30,06,1980,"‘Gay Rights’ Abhorred (Press, 30 June 1980)","On 30 June 1980, Commissioner Dean Goffin, the territorial commander of the Salvation Army, expressed strong opposition to the term ""gay rights"" during a press conference following the organisation's annual staff conference in Wellington. Goffin characterised the phrase as a ""prostitution of good English"" and referred to the situation surrounding homosexuality as a ""sad bandage."" He emphasised that while the Salvation Army has compassion for individuals with homosexual tendencies, it advocates that those who cannot marry should embrace celibacy as a Christian alternative. Furthermore, Goffin addressed the Army's stance on abortion, stating that there was no need for extensive debate on the subject. He reaffirmed the Salvation Army's commitment to the pro-life movement, viewing abortion as a last resort primarily for medical reasons and not a solution to underlying issues. Goffin noted that, based on years of experience, women who carry their pregnancies to term tend to experience greater long-term happiness. He also highlighted the demand for adoptable babies in New Zealand, suggesting a supportive environment for women faced with unplanned pregnancies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800630_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800630.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,331128000
7816,01,07,1980,"N.z. News Media ‘male-dominated’ (Press, 1 July 1980)","On 1 July 1980, Ms. Marilyn Waring, the member of Parliament for Waipa, addressed a meeting of women from service organisations in Christchurch, highlighting the male dominance within the New Zealand news media. She referenced her participation in the Commission on the Status of Women held in Vienna earlier that year and discussed the upcoming United Nations Decade for Women conference in Copenhagen. Ms. Waring pointed out the media's role in perpetuating stereotypes that portray women primarily as housewives, sex objects, and consumers. Despite the increasing number of women reporters, she noted that men held all the decision-making positions in television, broadcasting, and newspapers, emphasising that all 36 daily newspaper editors in New Zealand were men. She urged attendees to consider this imbalance when questioning biases present in the news media. Supporting her claims, Mrs. G. Hollander, the past president of the National Council of Women, remarked on the delayed coverage of the delegation attending the Copenhagen conference, stating that the announcement appeared in ""The Press"" two days later and was absent from the evening paper entirely. Ms. Waring expressed her satisfaction with the New Zealand Government's decision to send a delegation of 12 women to the Copenhagen conference, marking it as the largest delegation from New Zealand to any United Nations forum, and noted the diverse interests represented within the group.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800701_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800701.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,331214400
4988,02,07,1980,"Cable Briefs (Press, 2 July 1980)","On 2 July 1980, several significant news events were reported. In the occupied West Bank, Israeli forces demolished the home of Bassam Mohammed Habash in the Balata refugee camp near Nablus. Habash was killed in a gunfight with Israeli forces the previous week after being accused of being involved in the murder of an Israeli secret-service agent two days prior. The demolitions extended to two additional buildings, and occupants were ordered to evacuate with their furniture before the destruction took place. In the United States, the Supreme Court denied the State of Georgia's request to carry out the execution of convicted murderer Jack Potts, who was sentenced to death for the 1975 murder of Michael Priest. The court's decision followed a stay of execution previously granted to permit a hearing for Potts, who had attempted to appeal his sentence but had changed his mind on two occasions. Internationally, South Africa informed the United Nations Security Council that it had withdrawn all troops from Angola, although Angolan representatives disputed this claim, alleging the continued presence of South African soldiers in the country. In Thailand, a series of bomb explosions in Bangkok injured at least 41 people. Police attributed the blasts to a sabotage plot by a Thai Muslim secessionist group, with a fourth bomb discovered and defused at a cinema just before it was scheduled to detonate. Back in Australia, General Motors-Holden announced the closure of its assembly plant in Pagewood, New South Wales, set for 29 August, resulting in the loss of 1,200 jobs. The managing director stated that the company would focus on expanding and modernising other plants located in Queensland, South Australia, and Victoria. In the United States, a judge barred mass murderer John Gacy from profiting from sales of his life story rights through books or films. Gacy, convicted in March for the brutal murder of 33 young men and boys, is currently awaiting the resolution of an appeal, and the judge has frozen any potential earnings due to a $10 million lawsuit filed by the parents of one of his victims. Lastly, Colonel Harlan Sanders, the 89-year-old founder of Kentucky Fried Chicken, was reported to be in serious condition in a Louisville hospital due to pneumonia. Sanders was diagnosed with leukemia in June while being treated for the pneumonia affecting his left lung.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800702_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800702.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,331300800
6639,05,07,1980,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 5 July 1980)","A sign warning of falling trees opposite the Linwood Rugby Club pavilion on Kearneys Road remains in place despite the absence of any danger, as confirmed by Peter Hunt, deputy chief engineer of the Christchurch Drainage Board. The sign was erected after the severe gale in August 1975 caused tree falls, but the trees have since been removed. Currently, the sign serves as an unusual curiosity for those passing by, though it will eventually be taken down. This weekend, Four Avenues School will host a health event exclusively for women, organised by the Women’s Resource Centre Work Group. The event will feature a variety of workshops covering numerous health-related topics including diet, natural family planning, and mental health. More unconventional subjects will include workshops on lesbian health, meditation, palmistry, and self-help. On a lighter note, a young girl from Southbridge expressed her disappointment upon learning about the price rises announced in Prime Minister Robert Muldoon's Budget. While her mother explained that mail costs increased to 20 cents from 14 cents, and other items like beer and cigarettes would also see a jump in prices, the girl was primarily concerned about the potential rise in the cost of lollies. In Britain, an ongoing campaign against pornography has gained attention with the release of a book titled ""Pornography — A Christian Critique,"" authored by John Court from Flinders University in Australia. The book, which resonates with the views of British campaigner Mary Whitehouse and New Zealand’s Patricia Bartlett, has faced delays in customs due to a mislabeling issue with the shipment. Lastly, a book titled ""The Unauthorised Version,"" by Ian F. Grant, has been selected as New Zealand’s Book of the Month for August. The book compiles historical cartoons reflecting key events from 1840 to 1980 and is set to launch on August 4 at a promotional price before increasing in September. In Auckland, a tribute is to be paid to Albert Francis Whitford, affectionately known as ""Boncer,"" who dedicated three decades to the Mount Wellington community. Following his passing at the age of 82 in April, he expressed a desire for his ashes to be scattered on Mount Wellington. The local borough council has approved his request and plans to erect a plaque in his memory on the mountain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800705_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800705.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,331560000
4989,09,07,1980,"Gay Rights (Press, 9 July 1980)","In a letter published on 9 July 1980, Paul Maling critiques recent comments made by B. L. Dallard and Commissioner Dean Goffin of the Salvation Army regarding homosexuality and gay rights. Maling argues that Goffin's remarks, which dismiss gay rights as a ""prostitution of good English,"" are misguided and fail to acknowledge that gay rights represent fundamental human rights, including the right to individuality. He emphasises that historical religious figures, particularly Christ, condemned rigid societal norms that suppress personal identity, implying that such regimentation leads to hypocrisy within religious communities. Maling asserts that true compassion should prioritise individual rights over societal judgment and urges a reevaluation of the church's stance towards homosexuality. He expresses disappointment that rather than fostering acceptance, Goffin's statements appear to endorse ongoing police actions against homosexuals. Maling's letter articulates a broader call for understanding and respect for individual rights, challenging the traditional views held by institutions like the Salvation Army. He portrays the notion of pharisaism—a strict adherence to laws that overlook the essence of humanity—as a misinterpretation of Christian teachings. In conclusion, Maling's message is one of advocacy for the dignity and acceptance of all individuals, regardless of sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800709_2_124_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800709.2.124.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,331905600
6898,09,07,1980,"Play For Adventurous (Press, 9 July 1980)","The Court Theatre in Christchurch staged Michel Tremblay's play ""Damnee Manon, Sacree Sandra,"" directed by John Curry, on 9 July 1980. Tremblay, a prominent Quebec playwright noted for his work in both North America and Europe, is particularly well-known for his play ""Hosannah."" ""Damnee Manon, Sacree Sandra"" is part of a trilogy that explores the lives of two girls after a family tragedy involving a car crash, although it does not relate to Tremblay's previous play ""Sur les bords de la rivière."" The play features a telepathic connection between Manon, the surviving sister, and Sandra, a transvestite living next door, who was previously Manon's childhood playmate. The characters are distinctively designed by Simon Allison, with Manon (played by Wickham Pack) in black sitting on a white stage, while Sandra (portrayed by Bryan Aitken) is in white and seated on a black stage. At first, their monologues appear seemingly disconnected; Manon, characterised by her religious background, speaks of her new rosary, whereas Sandra is preparing for a hedonistic event. As the play progresses, their narratives intertwine. Manon’s prayers grow increasingly assertive as she reflects on a dream involving Sandra, and Sandra, in turn, urges Manon to climb closer to God and take him along. Although the storytelling can be complex and challenging to follow, clarity emerges in the climactic moments, culminating in an explosive conclusion where the stage empties except for a rocking chair. This final image suggests that the characters have transcended their current states, leaving the audience questioning the irony of the play’s title. The performance received praise for maintaining a high level of engagement and attentiveness. Aitken's portrayal of Sandra offered a consistent linguistic delivery, while Pack effectively captured Manon's emotional turmoil, enhancing the credibility of her character's anguish. Overall, ""Damnee Manon, Sacree Sandra"" is identified as a provocative piece of theatre, appealing to more adventurous audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800709_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800709.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,331905600
7362,22,07,1980,"Priest Resigns Post (Press, 22 July 1980)","The Rev. John Palmer, an Anglican priest from Dunedin, has resigned from his position in Caversham. His resignation comes after he publicly supported Father Felix Donnelly, a Roman Catholic priest from Auckland, regarding issues related to homosexuality earlier in 1980. Notably, Father Palmer had made headlines by painting the phrase “Father Felix; Freedom Fighter” on his fence, indicating his endorsement of Father Donnelly's stance. The announcement of Father Palmer's resignation was made by the Bishop of Dunedin, the Rt Rev. P. W. Mann, during his presidential address at the first day of the Synod of the diocese of Dunedin. Bishop Mann noted that Father Palmer had opted for months of unpaid leave following what were described as “personal difficulties with questions of ethics and authority.” Rev. John Palmer was ordained just in November 1979, making his tenure in the Caversham post relatively short. His departure highlights the tensions surrounding discussions of ethics and authority, particularly in relation to the church's stance on contemporary moral issues such as homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800722_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800722.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333028800
4990,23,07,1980,"Arafat’s Presence At Games Shocks Envoys (Press, 23 July 1980)","On 23 July 1980, during the Moscow Olympic Games, the presence of Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) leader Yasser Arafat was met with shock among Western diplomats. This reaction stemmed from memories of the Munich Olympics eight years prior, when a PLO splinter group, Black September, killed eleven Israeli athletes after a raid on the Olympic Village. Arafat was noted to have toured the Olympic Village a day before the official opening and publicly condemned the Western boycott of the Games. He is believed to have been invited by the Soviet Government and later watched the opening ceremony from a reserved area for senior Soviet and diplomatic officials. When questioned about the invitation, Vladimir Popov, the first deputy chairman of the Soviet Olympic Organising Committee, initially refrained from discussing who invited Arafat and dismissed the notion that the invitation was linked to the Munich tragedy, stating he did not believe the PLO was associated with those events despite Black September's origins. Western diplomats described the invitation as ""incredibly insensitive,"" interpreting it as the Soviet Union's attempt to enhance its influence in the Third World via the Olympics. Meanwhile, the atmosphere surrounding the Games was tense, particularly after an Italian gay rights activist, Vincenzo Francone, attempted to protest against the treatment of homosexuals in the Soviet Union by chaining himself to a railing in Red Square. Francone's protest led to a confrontation with police, who reportedly assaulted several journalists covering the incident. Francone was arrested and subsequently expelled from the country. In a separate incident, the Afghan Olympic team leader, Gholam Hassan, refuted claims that members of his team wished to defect to the United States or British embassies in Moscow, despite reports that at least two athletes had approached Western journalists expressing a desire to seek asylum. During an impromptu press conference, Hassan asserted that none of his athletes had spoken of defection, suggesting that they were content to remain in Afghanistan. However, other journalists reported that at least one Afghan athlete had communicated a wish to defect, leading to their removal by individuals in suits. These incidents highlighted the complex political undercurrents evident during the Games, where international tensions and individual desires for freedom intersected dramatically against the backdrop of a high-profile global event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800723_2_71_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800723.2.71.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333115200
4992,24,07,1980,"Age Restriction For 'penthouse’ Urged (Press, 24 July 1980)","On 24 July 1980, the Australian edition of ""Penthouse"" magazine came before the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand, following a campaign initiated by Helensville MP Mr D. M. J. Jones earlier in the year. The Tribunal did not make an immediate decision and reserved its judgement regarding the magazine's content. The representative of the Customs Department, Mr P. Leloir, argued that the magazine should be limited to sale to individuals over the age of 18, similar to its American counterpart. He acknowledged that while the Australian edition is sexually oriented, it also contains significant non-sexual and informative material. Mr Leloir stated that the Australian edition has a less explicit sexual tenor compared to its American equivalent and described it as being more aligned with the style and format of ""Playboy"" rather than the more aggressive nature of ""Penthouse"" from the United States. In addition to the discussion on ""Penthouse,"" the Tribunal also reviewed four issues of an American underground comic titled ""Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers."" The Customs Department had seized these comics from a private importer due to their depictions of violence, crude language, and representations of drug use. Mr Leloir indicated that these comics promoted drug taking as something normal and acceptable. In response, tribunal member Mr J. McLinden remarked that similar arguments could be made against other media that portray questionable behaviours. The tribunal members raised concerns about the appropriateness of the comics for children, with Judge M. Willis noting that children would struggle to read and comprehend them due to poor printing and small images. There was also a discussion concerning five seized publications with homosexual themes. Mr McLinden pointed out that societal attitudes toward homosexuality have started to liberalise, although legal restrictions still exist. Ultimately, the tribunal reserved all decisions relating to the materials presented before it. The case highlights ongoing debates regarding censorship, sexual content, and evolving societal norms during that period in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800724_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800724.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333201600
4991,24,07,1980,"N.Z. Film News (Press, 24 July 1980)","The New Zealand film ""Pictures,"" directed by Michael Black, is currently undergoing editing at Pacific Films in Wellington. The film narrates the story of two pioneer photographers from the 19th century, featuring Peter VereJones and Kevin Wilson in the lead roles as the brothers. Elizabeth Coulter and Helen Moulder portray their wives. Filming took place across various locations in the South Island and along the Wanganui River, with Rory O’Shea as the cinematographer. At this stage, no release date has been announced for the film. Additionally, another film called ""Squeeze,"" which explores homosexual life in Auckland, has recently had its first public screening. Directed by Richard Turner, ""Squeeze"" features actors Richard Shannon, Donna Akersten, and Paul Eady. The plot revolves around a young businessman faced with the dilemma of choosing between his fiancée and his male lover. This film is set to be screened in London and Los Angeles later in 1980.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800724_2_85_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800724.2.85.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333201600
4993,25,07,1980,"Cable Briefs (Press, 25 July 1980)","A tragic incident occurred in Bilbao, Spain, where a time-bomb explosion claimed the lives of a nine-month pregnant gypsy teenager and her 12-year-old brother. The 2kg bomb detonated outside a nursery that belonged to a radical Basque nationalist town councillor, leading to serious injuries for a rubbish collector in the vicinity. This bombing followed a warning from callers claiming to represent Basque nationalists who indicated that a campaign of bombings would be launched in Spanish holiday resorts. In Italy, the Parliament commenced a joint debate regarding allegations against Prime Minister Francesco Cossiga, accused of aiding a friend’s son in evading arrest on urban guerrilla charges. Marco Donat Cattin, the alleged guerrilla and son of a notable Christian Democratic politician, is wanted for murder. This situation marked the first time since World War II that an Italian Prime Minister’s actions were under scrutiny by a united Senate and Chamber of Deputies, with expected discussions to continue into the weekend. Mr Cossiga has emphatically denied any wrongdoing, and it is anticipated he will endure this inquiry. In a separate case in London, a man named Germano Grotti has been sentenced to life imprisonment for arson after he set fire to the Italian Consulate, causing damages estimated at $4.8 million. The judge at the Old Bailey declined to pause proceedings for psychiatric evaluations despite Grotti's assertions relating to his mental health, stemming from frustrations with the Italian authorities regarding the loss of his wallet years earlier. Alongside the life sentence, Grotti received an additional three-year sentence for threatening the Italian Consul directly. Meanwhile, in Hong Kong, an investigation has been launched after the mysterious death of Inspector John MacLennan, a police officer found dead in his flat with five bullet wounds. His body was discovered on January 15 and the circumstances surrounding his death have raised considerable questions. Fellow officers reported they sought to arrest him on charges related to homosexuality, which is illegal in Hong Kong. A colleague later suggested he had been instructed to frame Inspector MacLennan, who had previously claimed to be persecuted due to his knowledge about senior officers’ homosexual activities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800725_2_68_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800725.2.68.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333288000
4995,28,07,1980,"Homosexual Leading? (Press, 28 July 1980)","In a recent article published in the Police Association's July 1980 newsletter, the Rev. Felix Donnelly, a Roman Catholic priest, expressed his concerns regarding the treatment of homosexuals by police. He suggested that some officers might persecute homosexuals as a means to suppress their own hidden homosexual tendencies. Father Donnelly noted that society suffers from ""homophobia,"" which he defined as an obsession with punishing and discrediting homosexuals and their needs. He highlighted a growing discontent within the homosexual community due to what they perceive as targeted discrimination and unfair arrests. Father Donnelly, who has previously clashed with the Catholic Church over matters related to human sexuality, asserted that police, who are predominantly male and often have limited experiences with homosexuals, bring their own biases to their understanding of homosexuality. He emphasized that not all homosexuals engage in criminal or unacceptable behaviour, and the general population of homosexuals should not be conflated with offenders. He posited that homophobia may arise from various factors, including individuals' reluctance to confront their own sexual identities. He warned that this denial can lead to hostile attitudes towards homosexuals. Furthermore, Father Donnelly suggested that some police officers, struggling with their own homosexual inclinations, may adopt anti-homosexual stances to conform and maintain societal respectability. The priest acknowledged the challenging position of the police in enforcing existing laws, which may not align with evolving social attitudes. He remarked on the tensions that can arise when public opinion is divided on issues relating to homosexuality. While he appreciated that police are required to enforce laws rather than create them, he also recognised that they possess discretion in their enforcement, which he believed many officers utilise wisely. Father Donnelly concluded by pointing out the community's apprehension regarding the prosecution of male homosexuals for behaviours that do not harm others. He called for a more nuanced understanding of homosexuality and urged for a reconsideration of how the law interacts with personal conduct that does not threaten the safety or wellbeing of individuals in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800728_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800728.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333547200
6899,28,07,1980,"Police Station Deaths (Press, 28 July 1980)","Following a series of recent fatalities, Auckland police are contemplating the inclusion of trained medical personnel during late shifts at Auckland Central Police Station. This decision is under consideration after the most recent incident on the evening of Tuesday, where a 27-year-old transvestite, who had been taken into custody for drunkenness, was found dead on the floor of the station's charge room. The police aim to address the concerning circumstances surrounding these deaths, reflecting a need for improved care and oversight at the station during late-night operations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800728_2_110_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800728.2.110.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333547200
4994,28,07,1980,"Remit On Age Lost (Press, 28 July 1980)","At the Young Nationals' conference held in Auckland on 27 July 1980, a remit expressing concern over the limited number of retiring senior National Ministers and members of Parliament was overwhelmingly defeated. Senior councillors from Auckland, Wellington, and Canterbury-Westland plan to address this issue at the main conference, fearing a repeat of the National Party's ""tired image"" from the 1972 elections. Mr. Roy Johnston, the chairman of the Wellington electorate, mentioned that they were considering members of Parliament over the age of 65 for potential replacement, specifically targeting individuals such as Mr Highet, the Minister of Internal Affairs, who will be 68 by the next General Election, along with 67-year-old Minister of Works Mr W. L. Young and Minister of State Mr Thomson, who will be 66. While the Young Nationals' remit, originating from the Auckland division, called for a rejuvenation of the National caucus and Cabinet, Miss Belinda Vernon of Remuera argued against using age as a criterion for candidacy, advocating instead for prioritising ability and experience. Following the rejection of the age-related remit, the delegates adopted another from Auckland promoting the inclusion of more younger candidates, particularly women. The conference also supported several other remits, including those for Saturday and Sunday trading in tourist areas and a review of the tertiary assistance scheme, which faced administrative concerns from bursary officers. A notable remit urging the Government to discourage the New Zealand Rugby Football Union from inviting the Springbok rugby team to tour in 1981 was decisively rejected, with attendees affirming that the rugby union should govern itself without interference. Additionally, the conference agreed on lowering the drinking age to 18 and seeking legislation to permit the establishment of small cafes and the introduction of government-controlled casinos in New Zealand. Finally, the retiring chairman, Mr Martin Gummer, launched a policy booklet outlining the Young Nationals' ideas for change, which proposed reforms on unemployment benefits, advocating for payments to be disbursed for an initial four to six weeks of registration and reduced benefits for those refusing job offers. The booklet also promoted individual freedoms by calling for the repeal of the Official Secrets Act, the Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion Act, and the sections of the Crimes Act that criminalise homosexual acts between consenting men.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800728_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800728.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333547200
4996,31,07,1980,"Atmosphere Lacking (Press, 31 July 1980)","The 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow are notably missing a significant American presence due to the boycott led by the United States in protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. This absence has cast a shadow over the Games, with some observers lamenting the lack of energy and excitement typically associated with the Olympics. A veteran of several Olympic events noted that the heart and folklore of the Games are lacking, not just in the stadiums where records are often broken but in the streets where the atmosphere usually thrives. Moscow is experiencing an unusual calm during the Olympics, as many locals are away on vacation or at pioneer camps, and the number of provincial visitors who usually flock to the city has been drastically reduced due to restrictions. The usual hustle and bustle are replaced by a quieter city, with many cars parked at home since they lack the necessary Olympic passes. Tourist buses filled with the 150,000 Western visitors who have not boycotted the Games traverse the city, offering uncommon experiences of Moscow. However, increased security and limited interactions with locals have turned this visit into a somewhat sterile affair. Souvenirs for tourists are not abundant, primarily consisting of keyrings and T-shirts featuring the Olympic bear mascot, often sold at inflated prices. While contact with the local population is theoretically allowed, it is challenging due to restrictions that mandate passes for entering hotels and the Olympic village, which is heavily guarded. The Olympic village itself is tightly controlled, with various religious spaces for athletes to pray before competing, yet the environment is devoid of spontaneity and freedom of expression. Incidents highlighting the restrictions on expression occurred, such as when a demonstration by an Italian homosexual in Red Square was swiftly quelled by police. This serves as a reminder of the Soviet stance on the intersection of sports and politics, leading to quick and forceful reactions against any dissent. Even eccentric visitors, such as an American with a rainbow hairstyle, were promptly removed from the premises. Despite the absence of American athletes, television broadcasts proclaim the success of the Games, maintaining a façade of excitement. The impressive organisational efficiency, modern stadiums, and cultural allure of Moscow's museums and attractions are being highlighted, leaving the impression that everything is functioning well. This apparent success even seemingly allows Soviet President Leonid Brezhnev to enjoy his summer holiday at a Black Sea resort, while the Olympics continue under a cloud of mixed emotions and international tension.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800731_2_118_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800731.2.118.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333806400
7427,31,07,1980,"Mozart In New Form Of Film Opera (Press, 31 July 1980)","Joseph Losey, the director of a new film adaptation of Mozart's ""Don Giovanni,"" expressed that the production marks a significant shift in how opera is portrayed in cinema. Set to premiere at the Savoy Cinema Centre on 1 August 1980, Losey claims this is the first opera to be filmed entirely in real locations and features live recordings of specific musical segments, thus distinguishing it from traditional stage performances and operas adapted for television. Losey detailed his ambitious vision for the film in a memorandum to the cast and crew, outlining the extensive considerations necessary for the project. His remarks covered a wide range of topics, including the traditions of opera, the use of media, linguistic and stylistic nuances, and the discipline required to faithfully portray the music and libretto of Mozart and librettist Lorenzo Da Ponte. He emphasised that the acting must align closely with the music, steering away from conventional gestures to maintain authenticity in storytelling. The narrative of ""Don Giovanni"" integrates classical theatrical elements such as mistaken identity and suspense, while the music of Mozart provides an overarching charm. Losey characterised the title character, Don Giovanni, as a complex figure—cynical and cruel yet occasionally showing vulnerability. He suggested that Don Giovanni's sexual pursuits reflect deeper fears and a quest for connection, characterising him not strictly as homosexual, but as a bisexual man evading personal truths and relationships. Losey described the character's frantic sexual escapades as akin to using sex as a drug, portraying him as a tragic yet intriguing figure, emblematic of a broader sexual dilemma. The film seeks to capture Don Giovanni's essential allure, noting that despite his numerous conquests, he remains a ""privileged lost soul"" incapable of truly enjoying life. Despite his flaws, Don Giovanni is portrayed as charismatic and energetic, qualities that make him attractive to women, driven by an insatiable desire for life. Losey's insights aim to communicate the multifaceted nature of the character and provide a fresh interpretation of the classic opera through this filmic lens.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800731_2_99_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800731.2.99.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333806400
6640,01,08,1980,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 1 August 1980)","In early July 1980, the South Pacific Forum held talks in Kiribati, and an article in Australia's ""National Times"" pointed out an intriguing observation regarding the arrival of various prime ministers. Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser arrived in a Range Rover, New Zealand Prime Minister Robert Muldoon in a Jeep, while the Prime Minister of Tonga, Prince Tu’ipelehake, chose a London taxi. A cautionary tale emerged from Christchurch concerning a woman's shopping experience in Australia. She purchased a pair of gold and ivory earrings for NZ$68 but discovered upon wearing them that part of the gold had come off. The shop offered to repair them and send them to her in Brisbane, but after a delay, Customs in New Zealand informed her she needed to collect the earrings, which incurred a duty of NZ$44.95. Unfortunately, after wearing them once more, the clip broke, highlighting the challenges of duty-free shopping. In Christchurch, a businessman encountered a mishap while trying to deliver a cheque to a colleague. He left the cheque in the colleague's letterbox, only to find the envelope ripped open the next morning, and the cheque missing. It turned out that the milkman mistakenly believed the cheque was payment for milk tokens he had delivered, leading to the cheque's disappearance. Reports of unusual animal relationships also surfaced, including a touching story of Billy, a 25-year-old farm horse, who adopted a lamb named Barbara. Despite being a sheep now, Barbara followed Billy everywhere and sought shelter under him for warmth during bad weather, showcasing a remarkable bond. In Christchurch, the Gay Information Collective was preparing to open a Gay Information Centre in the Arts Centre complex, intended to serve as a public meeting place during lunchtime and early evenings. The centre would provide a supportive environment for gay men and lesbians, operated by volunteers, and aim to disseminate pertinent information on LGBTQ+ issues. On the international front, the Polish government faced challenges suppressing news about escalating industrial unrest. Reports indicated that more than 30 strikes had been recorded in the first two weeks of July 1980, yet the government's control over the media prevented any mention of strikes, opting instead for euphemisms like ""heated discussions."" The authorities reportedly employed tactics to obfuscate the unrest, with one noteworthy phrase emerging from management describing the situation as a ""temporary weakening of production dynamics."" With news carefully curated, the true scale of unrest in Poland was largely obscured from public view.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800801_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800801.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,333892800
6641,04,08,1980,"Condescending Commercials (Press, 4 August 1980)","On 4 August 1980, the discussion surrounding the depiction of women in advertising took centre stage, highlighting the traditional gender roles often portrayed in media. This conversation was sparked by an experiment conducted by Sam Rothenstein, a female director at the advertising firm D’Arcy MacManus and Masius, who tested two contrasting commercials with a group of women. One advert depicted a classic image of a happy mother in a flowery apron, dutifully preparing breakfast for her family, while the other showed a more contemporary scene where the same mother, dressed in a fur coat, was involved in a shared breakfast experience with her children and husband before they all left together. The response from the participants was overwhelmingly emotional, revealing deep-seated frustrations over being relegated to roles as supportive figures solely catering to men, rather than being portrayed in a more empowering light. Many women expressed their resentment at the consistent portrayal of women as either sweet housewives or alluring figures, solely existing to please others. Alongside the experimental films, a meeting was held in London to commemorate a decade of Britain’s Women in Media group, dedicated to combating the sexism prevalent in advertisements and media representations of women. Notable speakers included actress Jane Lapotaire, news announcer Anna Ford, and journalist Bel Mooney, who shared their experiences and advocated for change. The meeting yielded a spirited debate over the kind of images that should replace old stereotypes. While some participants proposed a more realistic portrayal of women's lives and occupations, highlighting their roles in various service industries, others argued that media often sells dreams rather than reality. The discussion acknowledged the challenge of marketing products effectively; showing unglamorous representations could hinder sales. Ford advocated for utilising humour to challenge stereotypes, referencing a successful American poster promoting a bank clerk with the catchphrase, ""Hire him, he’s got great legs."" This approach suggests that clever marketing could reshape public perceptions without relying on existing clichés. More broadly, the conversation underscored the tension between realism and the aspirational nature of advertising. While the ideal might be to represent women authentically, the nature of advertising often leans towards enhancing fantasies rather than relaying the everyday experiences of women. As the meeting drew to a close, it became evident that while the women’s perspectives on advertising were varied, a collective yearning for more nuanced, realistic portrayals remained central to their discussions. They sought representations that reflect the diverse realities of women's lives, ambitions, and contributions, rather than confining them to outdated stereotypes that no longer resonate with a significant portion of the female population. The overarching sentiment was a call for change, to move beyond simply selling dreams to portraying the rich tapestries of women’s true experiences, even as the complexities of marketing continued to challenge this goal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800804_2_88_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800804.2.88.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,334152000
4997,06,08,1980,"Debate With Oxford Union (Press, 6 August 1980)","In letters published in response to a recent debate, two correspondents express their views on the performance of the T.V.N.Z. team and the Oxford team during the event. D. L. Ayers critiques those who have targeted the T.V.N.Z. team for what he perceives as vulgarity, suggesting that these critics may not have fully grasped the series of homosexual jokes and puns delivered by the third speaker from the Oxford team. Ayers seems to defend the T.V.N.Z. team while pointing out the nuances of the humour presented. In another letter, Rosie Witty takes a more critical stance on the New Zealand team's performance, implying that the Oxford team's polished and sophisticated manner overwhelmed the local team's loyalty to their country. Witty expresses disappointment with New Zealanders Cecelia Bullock, Dorothy Nicoll, and D. G. Heard, labelling them as ""impeccably dressed smooth talkers"" who struggled to match the wittiness and satirical humour of their British counterparts. Both letters reflect the ongoing discourse about national identity and performance in the realm of competitive debating, highlighting the tension between local talent and international prowess.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800806_2_108_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800806.2.108.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,334324800
6900,14,08,1980,"Worthy Judas Priest Album (Press, 14 August 1980)","In a review dated 14 August 1980, music critic David Swift discusses several rock albums, with a specific focus on Judas Priest's latest release, ""British Steel,"" alongside works from The Vapors, Sylvain Sylvain, and The Angels. Swift commends Judas Priest, describing them as a leading British heavy metal band. He notes that despite challenges associated with the genre, such as repetitive riffs and clichéd lyrics, Judas Priest's approach on their seventh album is refreshing. The record kicks off with the energetic track ""Rapid Fire,"" followed by the standout ""Metal Gods,"" which showcases a robotic chorus and engaging drumming from newcomer Dave Holland. Vocalist Rob Halford is portrayed as competent rather than a typical heavy metal screamer, with lyrics that are serviceable but secondary to the music’s appeal. Among the tracks, ""United"" stands out as a crowd-pleaser for its singalong quality, and the British hit single ""Living After Midnight"" is highlighted. Swift concludes that Judas Priest offers a solid album, worthy of its perceived ransom value. He then shifts focus to The Vapors' album ""New Clear Days,"" influenced by British icons The Jam. Produced by Vic Coppersmith-Heaven, the album aims to escape the one-hit wonder status associated with their prior single ""Turning Japanese."" Swift notes the crisp drumming of Howard Smith, resembling Rick Buckler's style. The Vapors' lyrics touch on themes of frustration and concern in a modern context, with songs reflecting a sense of apprehension, contrasting with their catchy sound. Next, Swift reviews ""Sylvain Sylvain,"" the debut solo album by Sylvain Sylvain, a former member of the influential punk band New York Dolls. While the Dolls were known for their provocative lifestyle and music, Sylvain's solo effort adopts a more subdued yet competent rock'n'roll style. The album features a mix of rockers and ballads, displaying strong melodies and production, and is expected to gain traction on the charts. Lastly, he covers The Angels' album ""Dark Room,"" noting their burgeoning appeal, similar to that of their Australian counterparts like AC/DC. With a sound that blends punk and heavy metal, The Angels deliver powerful guitar riffs and solid vocals from singer Doc Neeson. Although each song captures attention at the start, Swift mentions that their length can detract from listener engagement. The band, known in the UK and US as Angel City, is anticipated to make a significant impact at the upcoming Reading Rock festival. Overall, Swift's reviews reflect a vibrant rock music scene in 1980, characterised by its diverse offerings and emerging talents across different bands.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800814_2_68_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800814.2.68.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,335016000
4071,16,08,1980,"A Social History From The Personal Column (Press, 16 August 1980)","In a reflective piece published on 16 August 1980, Robyn Jenkin shares her long-standing fascination with newspaper Personal Columns. She recounts how her interest began out of curiosity during leisurely Saturday mornings spent with coffee and the newspaper. Over the years, Jenkin observes that Personal Columns have evolved into a compelling social history, mirroring societal changes and the emotional landscape of the community. Historically, Personal Columns did not exist in their current form until this century, and their early iterations were quite different. Jenkin recalls the 1880s version from the “Illustrated London News” which lacked personal advertisements but was filled with goods and services of the time. The first Personal Columns provided a platform for lonely individuals—those too shy to join clubs—to connect anonymously. Advertisements were initially quite formal, mainly from men seeking women, reflecting the gender dynamics of earlier generations. With time, Personal Columns became more relaxed, humorous, and reflective of a broader cross-section of life. Unlike earlier days where men dominated the narrative, the columns now showcase diverse voices and experiences. The tone has shifted dramatically, from serious and formal to light-hearted and fun, revealing societal progress in attitudes towards dating and relationships. Jenkin notes the quirky nature of some advertisements that demonstrate both vulnerability and a unique sense of humour among those seeking companionship. Women’s roles have notably changed, with their advertisements expressing more conviction and specificity compared to earlier, more vague statements. This shift illustrates an increased confidence and empowerment among women today, showcasing desires for companionship that are more assertive in nature. Jenkin highlights some humorous examples from advertisements, such as those portraying self-deprecating humour about appearances or situational circumstances. Moreover, wider societal issues such as loneliness, domestic violence, and changing sexual values have found space in Personal Columns, reflecting contemporary concerns. Advertisements addressing support for battered women and groups for homosexuals denote a shift in societal attitudes towards inclusivity and the acknowledgment of various social issues. Jenkin's piece shines a light on the ongoing human search for connection, encapsulated in the various appeals for companionship—both serious and comedic. She showcases how Personal Columns have maintained their essence—people longing for relationships—while encapsulating a richer tapestry of social changes and the complexities of modern life. In conclusion, Robyn Jenkin's exploration of Personal Columns not only illustrates their evolution but also broader changes in societal norms and individual aspirations. This segment of the newspaper serves as a cultural mirror, signalling both the enduring desire for human connection and the comedic, yet poignant, realities of modern relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800816_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800816.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,335188800
7022,18,08,1980,"Sex Change Poses Passport ‘flurry’ (Press, 18 August 1980)","In a report tabled in Parliament on 18 August 1980, the Chief Ombudsman, Mr G. R. Laking, highlighted issues faced by passport officers in the Department of Internal Affairs regarding a complainant seeking a new passport after undergoing a sex change operation. The individual requested a passport reflecting her new gender as female but encountered significant delays, with the department taking eight months to make a decision. The Secretary of Internal Affairs acknowledged the lack of understanding and swiftness displayed by his officers in handling the request. The Ombudsman noted that similar cases had been dealt with before and that the application should have been processed easily upon the submission of a medical certificate confirming the sex change operation. The situation underscored the need for improved protocols and sensitivity within government departments when dealing with such personal and unique circumstances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800818_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800818.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,335361600
4998,23,08,1980,"Protection Of Journalists (Press, 23 August 1980)","In August 1980, the ongoing dangers faced by journalists around the world were highlighted in a piece published by the Economist. The article noted that journalists frequently find themselves in peril due to their reporting and the reactions it provokes from various factions. A recent incident involved an American journalist detained in Bolivia, whose release was facilitated by both the Economist and Financial Times. The piece also discussed the plight of 400 journalists in South Korea who lost their jobs, as well as the expulsion of representatives from the BBC and Reuters due to threats from Syrian authorities in Beirut. The struggles faced by American and British reporters in Iran were also mentioned, as they abruptly left the country after the government claimed it could no longer ensure their safety. The dangerous environment for journalists was further underscored by the assassination of a columnist in Milan earlier that year. In light of these threats, the article proposed the consideration of providing journalists with international protection, similar to that of the Red Cross. This proposal was expected to be put forward at an upcoming UNESCO meeting in Belgrade, driven by director-general Amadou M’Bow and influenced by Sean MacBride, a former Irish foreign minister. However, the article expressed skepticism about the feasibility and effectiveness of such protection, questioning who would issue ""safe-conduct cards"" to journalists and the criteria for determining which journalists warranted protection. It suggested that the plan might create more complications than solutions, having previously met resistance since the Vietnam War era. An addendum to the Geneva Conventions, stating that journalists are to be treated as civilians during dangerous missions, had been made, yet actual consequences of the proposed safe-conduct cards were likely to be minimal. The article illuminated the greater threats journalists face from terrorism, authoritarian governments, and violent law enforcement, as compared to traditional warfare. There was concern that the introduction of official accreditation could provide oppressive regimes with justification to expel journalists, potentially crippling their ability to report on human rights abuses and other sensitive issues. The National Union of Journalists (NUJ) in Britain was noted as one of the few supporters of MacBride’s proposition, willing to evaluate British journalists for international endorsement on behalf of the British government. Nevertheless, there was apprehension regarding this move, hinting that it might restrict journalists further both domestically and internationally. The British Ministry of Overseas Development, responsible for representing Britain at the UNESCO meeting, was depicted as hesitant and uncertain about how to approach the issue if it arises. The article concluded by acknowledging the lack of enthusiasm from civil servants to champion for press freedom, as they often regard journalists as less respectable than diplomats, perceiving them as adversaries due to their role in unearthing truths that officials would rather keep concealed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800823_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800823.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,335793600
7083,25,08,1980,"Vincent Price Superb In Wilde Role (Press, 25 August 1980)","Vincent Price performed in “Diversions and Delights,” a one-man show directed by Joseph Hardy, at the James Hay Theatre on 23 August 1980. The performance featured Price embodying Oscar Wilde, creating a profound connection with the audience while delivering a series of reflective aphorisms. Price’s portrayal of Wilde was masterful, managing to consolidate audience engagement within the first quarter-hour without veering into the egotism that can mar solo performances. The premise of the play placed an older Wilde addressing a Paris audience in 1899, creating an interesting dialogue with his younger self. Price skilfully challenged the audience's perceptions, taking jabs at critics with sardonic remarks while presenting a poignant image of an artist confronting his past. One particularly notable comment from Wilde, ""I have been told that all drama critics may be bought; well, judging from their appearance, they can’t be very expensive,"" showcased both humour and self-awareness. Throughout the performance, Price embodied Wilde while distancing himself from his own identity, allowing the character to dominate the stage. This clever separation added depth to the characterisation, as Wilde, now a critic of his own life, reflects on the limitations of his earlier creativity. Price recounted the emotional highs and lows of Wilde’s career, with particular note given to a recitation of “The Harlot’s House,"" which provided a glimpse into contrasting aspects of Wilde’s life and work. In one of the evening's most powerful moments, Wilde symbolically discards ""The Ballad of Reading Gaol,"" illustrating his struggle to reconcile his past with his present situation. Price’s performance captivated the audience, leading to a standing ovation, but he encapsulated the essence of Wilde's complex character by leaving the stage without finality, thereby tantalising his audience. Overall, Price's interpretation of Wilde was not only a display of technical skill but an emotional exploration of the consequences of fame, creativity, and self-criticism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800825_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800825.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,335966400
7084,26,08,1980,"‘Penthouse’ Magazine (Press, 26 August 1980)","A correspondence published on 26 August 1980 highlights a debate concerning democracy, human rights, and the impact of pornography in New Zealand. J.H. Wilson criticises M.P. D. Jones and Neville Rush for their apparent indifference to the rights of the LGBTQ+ community, accusing them of failing to support a significant portion of the electorate. Wilson points out the contradiction in Jones's association with a government that promotes freedom while neglecting the rights of roughly 10 per cent of the populace. He stresses that the real issues facing the country include high unemployment, which surpasses 60,000, and environmental degradation caused by multinational corporations, with the government allegedly obstructing the ratification of international human rights covenants. In response, Gavin Cowley and James McShane defend Rush against accusations made by another correspondent, H. Williams. They clarify that Rush did not imply that Williams is an ""alcoholic sex criminal,"" but rather highlighted the negative influence that certain pornographic materials, such as ""Penthouse,"" can have on society. They acknowledge the prevalence of sexual violence and insist on taking action against it, suggesting that pornographic content contributes to a culture that perpetuates such behaviours. Furthermore, they point out that ""Penthouse"" is not exclusively focused on heterosexual content, supporting Rush's assertion that it can be considered perverted. The exchange encapsulates the tensions surrounding social issues, individual rights, and the encroachment of sexual culture in New Zealand during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800826_2_96_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800826.2.96.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,336052800
7664,28,08,1980,"‘penthouse’ Campaigner And ‘positive... (Press, 28 August 1980)","Dail Jones, the National Member of Parliament for Helensville, has emerged as a prominent figure in the campaign to ban ""Penthouse"" magazine in New Zealand. His motivations for this crusade stem from a variety of personal and professional experiences, including his upbringing as a child of a solo mother, his career as a lawyer, and his education in church schools. Jones acknowledges that these factors have shaped his understanding of family values, respect for the law, and societal responsibilities. Having grown up witnessing the impact of a broken marriage, Jones emphasises the significance of a united home. In his legal practice, he noted that marital breakdowns were often the quickest path to financial trouble, reinforcing his belief in the need for stable family structures. His education in church schools imparted a Biblical perspective on morality, further influencing his views on social conduct and responsibility. Jones criticises ""Penthouse"" for promoting negative values that he believes undermine societal norms and family life. He identifies the magazine as a ""negative factor"" that degrades women and detracts from positive virtues necessary for a prosperous community. His campaign gained traction after he was encouraged to substantiate his advocacy for family values during a Parliamentary speech, which led him to explore the harmful effects of pornography more deeply. Despite the political implications of his campaign, Jones insists it transcends party lines, garnering support from various political affiliations including National, Labour, and Social Credit. He is aware of potential criticism regarding the lack of hard data connecting pornography to societal issues like sexual violence and crime. Nonetheless, he points to research from the Psychology Department of Flinders University in Australia suggesting a correlation between the availability of hard pornography and higher rates of rape in those societies. In response to critics, Jones argues that while direct causal connections may not be readily available, the overall trends illustrate a concerning relationship between pornographic material and social disintegration. His outreach has received a substantial amount of correspondence, with approximately 80% of the 800 letters sent to him applauding his stance, while the remaining 20% represent a mix of supporters of personal freedom and ""Penthouse"" subscribers. As he contemplates the political ramifications of his activism, Jones indicates a willingness to prioritise essential voter concerns closer to the 1981 election, although he remains resolute in his mission against the magazine. His campaign is positioned as an effort to advocate for positive social standards and family integrity in New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800828_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800828.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,336225600
4999,28,08,1980,"Disco Scene Lives On — On Film (Press, 28 August 1980)","The article by Nevin Topp reviews the film ""Can’t Stop The Music,"" highlighting its portrayal of the disco scene in New York during a time when it seemed to be losing its allure. Topp compares the film to an American television comedy called ""Car 54, Where Are You?"" which similarly presents a skewed version of reality. The film, featuring the disco group Village People, is noted for offering a dated representation of the music scene, as the trends it tries to capture are already a year behind the current climate in 1980. Topp critiques the film, describing it as lacking substance and more focused on creating a hype rather than delivering genuine content. He points out that the film attempts to address themes of sexuality, with characters suggesting past sexual experiences but ultimately shying away from meaningful discussions about them. The characters include Samantha Simpson, played by Valerie Perrine, and Ron White, portrayed by Bruce Jenner, alongside Jack Morell, played by Steve Guttenberg, whose ambition is to achieve fame. However, the film does little to explore their personal narratives deeply. The review also mentions the use of erotic dance sequences, particularly a notable routine titled “The Milk Shake,” which crosses into overt suggestiveness, hinting that the content hardly relates to its purported theme. The dance for the song ""Y.M.C.A."" is highlighted for its impressive athleticism, yet Topp remarks that it misses the underlying commentary about the association of the song with homosexual activity linked to the Y.M.C.A., showcasing a disconnect between the visuals and the intended message. Overall, Topp's assessment of ""Can’t Stop The Music"" is critical, pointing out its lack of a solid plot, evident confusion in its thematic content, and weak character portrayals. He contrasts the film’s leading actress, Perrine, suggesting that even her character, deemed the most sought-after model, does not come across convincingly as a star, with the supporting actress Tammv Grimes appearing more model-like. Topp concludes by noting that the disco genre as a whole seems to be on the decline, along with its famed venue, Studio 54, encapsulating the film’s disconnect with contemporary trends in music and culture in 1980.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800828_2_89_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800828.2.89.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,336225600
5000,30,08,1980,"Cornucopia Of Maugham (Press, 30 August 1980)","The biography ""Somerset Maugham"" by Ted Morgan, published by Jonathan Cape in 1980, presents an in-depth examination of the life and works of the celebrated writer Somerset Maugham. Reviewer Stephen Erber highlights the complexities of Maugham’s character and his tumultuous relationship with fame and literary recognition. Maugham, once a respected but not revered figure in the literary realm, experienced a shift in perception as he aged, ultimately becoming a significant presence in English literature by the time he turned 70. Despite his commercial success, Maugham harboured resentment towards critics who failed to place him alongside his literary peers, which influenced his disposition in later years. This dichotomy extended to his personal life, which, unlike his writing, was far from exemplary. Maugham was not only a writer but also a medical student and a British secret agent, exploring the world extensively. His literary legacy revolves around his depictions of diverse cultures and experiences, particularly inspired by his travels in Malaya, which became known as “Maugham Country.” However, his knack for storytelling led to estrangement from local acquaintances who felt betrayed by his portrayals of their lives. Maugham's personal relationships were marred by controversy. His only marriage was disastrous and marked by disdain for his wife, compounded by his homosexual relationship with his secretary, Gerald Haxton. His treatment of friends and family, including his daughter Liza, was often discreditable, influenced by his enduring bitterness and vindictiveness. Maugham sought respectability and recognition, yet he never fully aligned himself with the intellectual elite, often asserting that he was merely a storyteller rather than a commentator on societal and political issues. Erber notes that Maugham's contribution to literature is complicated. Although he was successful, he was seldom regarded with the same admiration as authors like Kipling, Joyce, or Lawrence. Maugham himself attributed his literary standing to his straightforward storytelling approach and a genuine reflection on personal experiences, rather than the more abstract or moralistic tendencies displayed by his contemporaries. Critics like Cyril Connelly have encapsulated Maugham's impact by acknowledging the distinct narrative universe he created, which remains influential across various cultures. The biography aims to paint a complete picture of Maugham, encompassing both his achievements and shortcomings. With a wealth of newly discovered information, Ted Morgan has crafted a comprehensive and nuanced portrayal of one of the 20th century's notable literary figures, making it a valuable resource for readers interested in literature and Maugham's legacy. This work, according to Erber, stands out as an excellent contribution to literary biography.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800830_2_99_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800830.2.99.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,336398400
6642,01,09,1980,"'Street’ Star Named In Row (Press, 1 September 1980)","On 1 September 1980, a London court heard details of a tumultuous love life involving a sex-change woman, Edwina White, and former ""Coronation Street"" actress Jennifer Moss. White, 25, had boasted in court about her lesbian relationship with Moss, who is known to millions as Lucille Hewitt. This revelation came during the sentencing of Moss's 26-year-old husband, John Neil, who was jailed for nine months after admitting to wounding White. The incident escalated when Neil sought out White at her home in Preston after his wife had left him. It was during this visit that tensions flared; Neil, reportedly shocked by White's claims about her relationship with Moss, confronted White. In an attempt to intimidate her, Neil produced a penknife, but the situation turned violent when White grabbed the blade, resulting in a cut to her right hand that required four stitches. Prosecution counsel William Morris elaborated on the background, explaining that Neil and White had met at a nightclub's ""gay night,"" where Jennifer Moss had allegedly expressed interest in a lesbian relationship. Neil's defence lawyer, Simon Newall, indicated that his client had been provoked by the shocking revelations. Despite the circumstances, Judge Mary Holt acknowledged the severe provocation but proceeded to sentence Neil to nine months in jail. Additionally, Moss was not present in court during the sentencing but is expected to face magistrates in Wigan for her recent conviction on a burglary charge. Interestingly, both she and her husband were dealing with similar legal issues, as Neil is serving time for a comparable offence. The court proceedings highlighted the complex interrelations and tensions surrounding their lives and relationships, particularly against the backdrop of societal attitudes towards gender identity and sexuality in the 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800901_2_93_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800901.2.93.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,336571200
5001,01,09,1980,"Gay Books For ‘smith’ (Press, 1 September 1980)","On 1 September 1980, Patricia Bartlett, a known campaigner for moral issues in Wellington, found herself in a complex situation regarding the importation of five homosexual-themed books. The titles, which included ""Split the Sky,"" ""Getting the Shaft,"" ""Men of the Bluegrass,"" ""A Camp in the Woods,"" and ""A Shot in the Corral,"" were advertised in a local homosexual magazine, prompting Bartlett to investigate their content. To discreetly obtain the books without being added to mailing lists for explicit materials, she used the pseudonym ""J. Smith."" Upon receiving the books, Bartlett quickly deemed them ""absolute filth,"" leading her to turn them over to the police. However, she encountered a legal quandary: to prevent the books from being destroyed without a proper hearing, she had to dispute their forfeiture, despite having been the one to surrender them. This procedural necessity required her to fill out a non-forfeiture form. The hearing was scheduled for 22 July, while Bartlett was in Canada, which prevented her from being present to present her case. In her absence, the Indecent Publications Tribunal evaluated the books and unanimously deemed them “explicit,” “coarse,” “obscene,” and “lurid,” thus categorising them as unquestionably indecent. Bartlett expressed satisfaction with the tribunal's ruling, recognising that the magazine would have to cease its three-year advertisement for these books, potentially protecting the public from what she considered harmful literature. Despite her victory, Bartlett was displeased with the tribunal’s decision to publish her name in its findings. She argued that this could lead to misunderstandings about her motives, as those who import similar materials for profit typically do not have their names disclosed by the government. This situation drew her ire, as she viewed her actions as a community service aimed at safeguarding public morals, while commercial entities involved in the same kinds of materials received government protection. In her view, this disparity highlighted an inconsistency in how individuals opposing indecency are treated compared to those profiting from it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800901_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800901.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,336571200
6643,08,09,1980,"Another First Tor Court Theatre (Press, 8 September 1980)","The Court Theatre's upcoming national tour of ""Blood of the Lamb"" by Bruce Mason marks a significant milestone as it is the first time a New Zealand theatre company has undertaken a national tour. The production will be staged at the Court's Studio Theatre in Christchurch from September 15 to 27, 1980, before moving on to various venues including the Fortune Theatre in Dunedin, Circa Theatre in Wellington, Theatre Corporate in Auckland, and Centrepoint Theatre in Palmerston North. ""Blood of the Lamb"" premiered in the Studio Theatre on March 22, 1980, and the play was specifically commissioned to celebrate the opening of the new 70-seat studio, dubbed the “chocolate box,” which was intended for experimental and minority taste productions. This expansion made the Court Theatre the first New Zealand theatre to feature a second auditorium. Director Elric Hooper imposed some restrictions when commissioning the play: it had to involve three actresses as the theatre's male actors were engaged in the main production, and it could not be set in a room. Mason described being flattered but challenged by these conditions, stating that initial creative attempts were hindered by mental block. Ultimately, inspiration came from a real-life incident involving his wife’s medical practice, which led to the delivery of a child to a lesbian couple, providing the core idea for the play. Mason regards ""Blood of the Lamb"" as one of his best works and has characterised it as a “divertissement for three ladies in the style of W. A. Mozart.” The cast for the national tour will retain the original performers, featuring Elizabeth Moody, Judie Douglass, and Susan Curnow, and under the direction of Elric Hooper. This national tour not only showcases the play but also signifies the Court Theatre's commitment to expanding theatrical horizons in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800908_2_151.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800908.2.151,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,337176000
5002,10,09,1980,"Bible Fanatics Sway Polls (Press, 10 September 1980)","On 10 September 1980, a report from NZPA in Washington highlighted the growing influence of evangelical groups in the United States amid the presidential election campaign. These well-organised activists, known for their Bible-toting and quoting, are striving to ""return America to God"" and are seen as a significant force that could impact the election's outcome. Political analysts noted that an estimated 21 million American voters identify as ""born-again Christians,"" a demographic that the leading presidential candidates—Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and Independent John Anderson—are keen to connect with, despite disassociating from the more extreme elements of the movement. The evangelicals have already demonstrated their political power by successfully defeating several congressional candidates in primary elections who they deemed too liberal, including former US Ambassador to New Zealand Armistead Selden. The ""new Christian Right"" is firmly against issues such as abortion, gay rights, sex education, drugs, pornography, détente, and defence cuts, aiming to reinstate traditional Christian values in American governance. Critics of the movement likened it to the John Birch Society, a far-right group cloaked in religious rhetoric. According to a Gallup poll, roughly one in five American adults identifies as an evangelical Christian, with a notable concentration in the South, often referred to as the Bible Belt. The evangelical movement played a crucial role in electing Jimmy Carter, a Baptist, in 1976. However, tensions have arisen as many among the evangelical community believe Carter has betrayed their values, accusing him of being lenient on social issues like abortion and rights for women and homosexuals. They also criticise him for not opposing a Supreme Court decision that banned compulsory school prayers. Prominent figures leading the evangelical political movement include television evangelists such as Reverend Jerry Falwell, James Robison, and Pat Robertson, whose shows attract an audience of around 50 million weekly. Although they claim to remain non-partisan, their ideologies align more closely with those of Ronald Reagan. Organisations like Christians for Reagan have emerged, with Moral Majority and Christian Voice engaging in voter registration and supporting evangelical candidates across various political levels. The campaigns spearheaded by these evangelical groups are extensive, employing large numbers of volunteers to reach out to voters directly, often outpacing traditional political party efforts. However, some critics have accused these groups of using un-Christian tactics, including distortion and falsification, to achieve their goals. Despite concerns about a potential takeover of American politics, Jerry Falwell has dismissed such claims, asserting that they aim to influence rather than control, stating, “We’re not religious fanatics who have mounted a Khomeiny-type religious crusade to take over the government.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800910_2_61_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800910.2.61.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,337348800
7363,12,09,1980,"New Job For Priest (Press, 12 September 1980)","The Rev. John Palmer, an Anglican priest from Caversham in Dunedin, has been appointed to the staff of St John’s parish in Invercargill, as confirmed by the Bishop of Dunedin, the Rt Rev. P. W. Mann. This appointment was announced on 12 September 1980. Earlier this year, Father Palmer had publicly supported Father Felix Donnelly, a priest from Auckland, in his controversial stance on homosexuality. In a show of solidarity, he painted the phrase “Father Felix, freedom fighter” on his fence. Following this act of support, Father Palmer faced personal challenges related to ethics and authority, which led to his resignation from the Caversham position. He subsequently requested a leave of absence without pay for three months. Bishop Mann attributed Palmer's resignation to these personal difficulties, indicating a complicated situation surrounding the issues of ethics within the church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800912_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800912.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,337521600
7023,13,09,1980,"Paradise In Old China (Press, 13 September 1980)","The book ""Ways to Paradise: the Chinese Quest for Immortality"" by Michael Loewe, published in 1979, presents a comprehensive examination of Chinese beliefs surrounding immortality during the Han dynasty (202 B.C. to 220 A.D.). This review highlights the book's scholarly depth, noting that it includes extensive academic apparatus that may challenge the general reader, though Loewe's engaging writing style makes the main content accessible to those with a basic understanding of Chinese history. The work features 28 high-quality plates, mainly of TLV mirrors, and numerous figure illustrations that contribute to its aesthetic value. Loewe's exploration begins with a discussion of significant intellectual and cultural changes during the Han era, particularly the desire to ensure the safe passage of one's spirit to paradise through elaborate burial practices. A notable focus of the book is the excavation of a tomb at Ma-wang-tui, where the remarkably preserved body of the first countess of Tai was found. This rare find provides insight into the burial customs of the time. One of the most captivating discoveries is a silk painting located atop the innermost coffin. This artwork, quite rare for early China, portrays the countess's soul ascending to heaven, with her former attendants transformed into birds. The review explains the role of the TLV mirror, a common burial item designed to optimally position the deceased in relation to celestial forces. Such mirrors are lauded for their aesthetic beauty and their connection to divination practices. Particularly noteworthy is the chapter on the Queen Mother of the West, which draws attention to the influence of a maternal archetype in Chinese culture. This figure's popularity foreshadowed the later rise of the Pure Land of the West sect in Buddhism. Loewe discusses possible cultural exchanges, including the transformation of the male bodhisattva Avalokitesvara into the more compassionate, feminine figure of Kuanyin. The review concludes with praise for Loewe's work, particularly its compelling symbolism, as exemplified in a short chapter on the imagery of the bird in the sun and the hare in the moon, adding an enriching layer to the narrative of Chinese spiritual beliefs. Overall, ""Ways to Paradise"" stands out as an important and visually captivating exploration of the quest for immortality in ancient China.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800913_2_94_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800913.2.94.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,337608000
5003,13,09,1980,"U.S. Bar To ‘gays' (Press, 13 September 1980)","On 13 September 1980, the United States announced a new immigration policy aimed at preventing homosexuals from entering the country. The Justice Department stated that this policy was intended to align immigration regulations with existing US law that prohibited the admission of homosexual individuals. Previously, US immigration officials had allowed suspected homosexuals entry into the country while they underwent psychiatric evaluations conducted by the Public Health Service. However, the Public Health Service has since declared that it no longer recognises homosexuality as a mental illness, leading to the withdrawal of its involvement in the evaluation process. In response to this policy shift, there is currently legislation pending in Congress, which has the backing of the Carter Administration and various homosexual rights organisations. This proposed legislation seeks to eliminate the classification of homosexuality as a basis for excluding foreigners from entering the United States.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800913_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800913.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,337608000
5004,17,09,1980,"Man Not Guilty Of Murder Because Of Insanity (Press, 17 September 1980)","Arthur Ball, a 42-year-old unemployed chef, was found not guilty of the murder of university student Miles Ian Lars-MacFarlane due to insanity in the Wellington High Court on 16 September 1980. Ball had stabbed MacFarlane while he was walking with friends in Willis Street on 14 April 1980. Following the jury's verdict, Mr Justice O’Regan ordered that Ball be treated as a special patient in a mental hospital in accordance with the Mental Health Act. The jury spent an hour and a half deliberating, after hearing the case that commenced on the preceding Monday. Ball's defence, presented by Mr P. F. Boshier, argued that he was legally insane at the time of the act under section 23 of the Crimes Act, which protects individuals who are unable to understand the nature and morality of their actions due to mental illness. Three psychiatrists testified regarding Ball's mental state. Dr Gerald William Kershaw Bridge, who evaluated Ball at the Central Police Station, described him as suffering from severe anxiety since childhood, leading to issues in forming relationships. He indicated that Ball experienced delusions, believing that he was being tormented by others. This led to violent outbursts, such as lunging at an imaginary tormentor with a knife. On the day of the incident, Dr Bridge stated that Ball perceived MacFarlane's presence as the culmination of all his past tormentors, leading him to attack without recalling the stabbing itself. Dr Anthony Brian Marks, another psychiatrist, elaborated on Ball's condition, diagnosing him with paranoid schizophrenia. Ball experienced a constant sense of persecution, resulting in frequent relocations throughout New Zealand and Australia in attempts to escape his imagined tormentors. He often carried objects like newspapers or kitchen knives to feel a semblance of power against those he believed threatened him. Dr John Hall, the medical superintendent at Porirua Hospital, concurred with his colleagues, stating that Ball had minimal ability to form moral judgments regarding his actions. Witnesses recounted the event, describing Ball as a dishevelled figure who stabbed MacFarlane unprovoked, exclaiming, “I'll show you. That’ll show, all of you.” Following the attack, Ball expressed agitation and shock upon learning that MacFarlane had died, claiming he did not intend to harm anyone. Ball's troubled past began with his mother's death when he was ten and his father's passing five years later, which sowed the seeds of his mental health issues. Following a period of Army training, he struggled with increasing withdrawal and obsession over his perceived tormentors, ultimately becoming unemployed for the last two and a half years leading up to the incident. On the day of the stabbing, Ball had taken a knife from his home, intending to confront the groups he felt were persecuting him. Throughout his police interviews, he displayed agitation and incoherence, later expressing remorse for his actions, clearly indicating that he did not view MacFarlane as an individual, but rather a manifestation of all his past harassments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800917_2_28_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800917.2.28.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,337953600
6644,20,09,1980,"Pornography Case Not Proved, Says Counsel (Press, 20 September 1980)","On 20 September 1980, in the District Court, Judge Frampton heard the case of David Terrence O’Connell, a 24-year-old commission agent charged with possession for sale of obscene materials. O’Connell pleaded not guilty to five counts concerning the possession of 182 picture books, 13 packs of playing cards, and 118 mm films identified as indecent. Dr. W. G. G. A. Young represented O’Connell and presented legal arguments aimed at demonstrating that it had not been proven O’Connell possessed the materials with intent to sell. The hearing was adjourned until 23 September, allowing time for the police prosecutor, Senior-Sergeant R. A. Cook, to respond to the legal points raised by Dr. Young. Across the prosecution's case, six police witnesses provided testimonies. Constable Graeme John Kennedy testified about an incident on 14 January where he discovered O’Connell's car parked at Ibis House. Upon investigation, officers found a box containing books and films, some of which were explicit in nature. When confronted, O’Connell claimed the items were for personal use despite having multiple copies of certain books, leading Sergeant Thompson to doubt his assertion. Titles included overtly explicit content, casting suspicion on O’Connell's intentions. During the search, items confiscated included books depicting various sexual behaviours and 13 packs of cards labelled as hard pornography. The films, believed to be Danish, contained similar content. Defence attorney Dr. Young contended that the police did not have sufficient justification for the delegation of authority to file these charges and argued that playing cards were not covered under the relevant legislation concerning indecent publications. Additional police evidence revealed further details about O’Connell's activities, including the operation of two establishments described as ""rap parlours"" where discussions with naked women occurred. Detective Sergeant Quenin Max Doig detailed a subsequent search warrant executed at O’Connell's home, where more pornographic materials were discovered, alongside a list of book titles and prices, indicating potential sales involvement. Accusations against O’Connell escalated as it was noted that the contents found had been deemed devoid of literary or artistic merit by the Indecent Publications Tribunal, who concluded these materials were likely to corrupt. Detective Raymond Homan testified that he had warned O’Connell about the nature of the materials. Overall, the courtroom exchanges revealed a complex case hinged on legal definitions and evidentiary gaps, with O’Connell’s defence questioning the lawful basis of the police’s actions and the integrity of the evidence presented. The proceedings highlighted broader societal concerns about the circulation of hard-core pornography, particularly involving sensitive categories like child pornography and sexual violence, while also showcasing the legal frameworks at play in adjudicating such matters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800920_2_41_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800920.2.41.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,338212800
5006,24,09,1980,"Magazine Of Science (Press, 24 September 1980)","A new treatment for open leg ulcers, particularly affecting elderly patients, is currently undergoing trials in England. This innovative approach utilises the amniotic membrane, which is the tissue that surrounds the foetus in the womb. Researchers believe that since the membrane is not rejected by the mother, it may serve as an effective surgical dressing for non-healing wounds, overcoming the typical rejection issues seen in grafting. The 24 September 1980 broadcast of “8.8. C. Science Magazine” also covered other scientific topics, including studies on bacterial photosynthesis for potential solar power applications, research by astronomers on solar phenomena occurring at the sun's poles, and the discovery of a virus in parts of Africa that could correlate with a form of cancer. In entertainment, the National programme at 7.30 p.m will feature country and western music, showcasing both classic artists and contemporary chart-toppers, presented by Jim Heal. Following that, at 8 p.m., the programme will air the gay-themed play “You Could Even Drive to China,” penned by Wellington actor Bruce Phillips. The narrative revolves around the complexities of a love affair between two homosexual men, one of whom navigates a life both inside and outside the closet. Professor Michael Hill will present the second talk in a series titled “British Ladies, Colonial Larrikins and Middle-Class Ideas,” exploring the demographic challenges faced in nineteenth-century Britain and its colonies, with a lecture entitled “Heartaches and Hangovers.” Expatriate New Zealand pianist Mike Nock, who has found success in the United States, will share two special radio programmes featuring his original acoustic piano compositions. The second of these programmes will be introduced by jazz commentator Ray Harris. The New Zealand Symphony Orchestra will perform John Rimmer’s Symphony (1968) in the final instalment of a series featuring symphonic works by New Zealand composers. This concert is scheduled for 7 p.m. the following day. Additionally, Helen Holmes will present a regional survey of the visual and performing arts in New Zealand during the Concert programme at 7.30 p.m. tomorrow. Roger Hall’s comedy series “Gliding On” returns with an episode titled “Slogan’s Run,” focusing on the struggles of the salaries department within a government agency. This episode will air at 8 p.m. on the National programme tomorrow, alongside a newly-released recording of Richard Strauss's Symphonic Poem, A Hero’s Life, performed by the Cleveland Orchestra. Wellington poet Lauris Edmond will present her latest work, “A Wellington Letter,” which consists of 18 short poems. This recording for Radio New Zealand will include music composed by Dorothy Freed and will feature readings by her daughter, Frances Edmond, marking Frances's debut on radio. Finally, the Concert programme will feature a “Composer of the Week” segment highlighting Czech composer Martinu, commencing with his Symphony No. 1. The Czech Philharmonic Orchestra will be conducted by Vaclav Neumann, and the segment will also include Martinu's Duo for violin and cello, performed by renowned musicians Jascha Heifetz and Gregor Piatigorsky.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800924_2_109_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800924.2.109.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,338558400
7314,29,09,1980,"Gay Rights Complaint (Press, 29 September 1980)","The National Gay Rights Coalition has announced its intention to take legal action against Wellington's Mayor, Mr. Michael Fowler, and the city council's transport committee for their decision to refuse advertising from homosexuals on public buses. In a statement issued on 29 September 1980, the coalition indicated that they had previously posed questions to Mr. Fowler regarding the reasoning behind this decision. The mayor's response suggested that the refusal was based on a desire ""to not encourage deviations from the norm."" In light of this statement, the coalition has opted to file a discrimination complaint with the Human Rights Commission, citing ""sexual orientation"" as the basis for their claim.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19800929_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19800929.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,338990400
5007,03,10,1980,"Police Seize Copies Of Student Paper (Press, 3 October 1980)","On 3 October 1980, Wellington police seized over 200 copies of the Victoria University student newspaper ""Salient,"" which featured a full-page homosexual cartoon deemed explicit. The removal of the copies occurred shortly before a meeting of approximately 60 students who convened to discuss a motion of no-confidence regarding the paper's editor, Stephen A'Court. This proposed motion was narrowly defeated, with the vote standing at 294 to 295. The dissatisfaction among students has reportedly been growing since A'Court took on the editorial role at the beginning of the year. In addition to the discussion on A'Court's editorship, the meeting also addressed financial support for the legal expenses of New Zealand University Students' Association president Simon Wilson and fellow student Caroline Massof. The pair, who pleaded not guilty to charges of wilfully damaging a Wellington wall on 18 September 1980, were accused of inscribing anti-Truxtun graffiti on the building. They are currently out on bail and are set to appear in District Court, although personal appearances have been waived. Wilson's appeal for support was rejected when he sent a letter indicating that he did not seek, nor required, the monetary assistance, which contributed to the defeat of the funding motion. In a related development, students from Lincoln College took note of the situation surrounding their national president, with Canterbury students calling for his resignation should he be convicted of any offence. Following this, Lincoln College students convened a special meeting to discuss their response, which would hinge on the proceedings of Wilson and Massof's court case. Overall, the events highlight tensions amongst students and leadership within the university context, as well as broader societal issues regarding censorship and freedom of expression.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801003_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801003.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,339336000
5008,04,10,1980,"Seeking 'human Nature' (Press, 4 October 1980)","In the book ""Human Nature: The Whisperings Within,"" David Barash, a zoologist, probes into the evolution and origin of what is termed “human nature.” The work is a comprehensive analysis, rich with examples of behaviours from both advanced and primitive animals and plants, and their comparisons to that of humans. Barash warns against the pitfalls of anthropomorphism, which involves interpreting animal behaviour through a human lens, and zoomorphism, where human actions are seen in the context of animal behaviour. Throughout the text, Barash illustrates various behaviours such as prostitution in hummingbirds and homosexual rape in bisexual parasitic worms. He meticulously explains each behaviour's adaptive significance and the associated evolutionary mechanisms. One of the central themes of the book is polygamy, which is portrayed as a biologically “natural” state for humans. Barash supports this assertion with anatomical and physiological evidence, along with cultural examples from various societies throughout history. The author posits that the fundamental driving force behind human behaviour is the maximisation of fitness—the idea that our behaviours are influenced by the need to propagate successful genes through natural selection. This notion extends to aspects of parenting, where actions such as protecting close family members and even spontaneous abortions in cases deemed bad evolutionary investments are seen as strategies to improve genetic fitness. Moreover, Barash discusses mate selection based on dominance and prowess in aggression or hunting as further examples of natural selection in action. However, Barash acknowledges that human behaviour is not solely dictated by genetics; it is a product of both genetic inheritance and learning shaped by specific ecological contexts. He suggests that while genetics play a significant role in behaviour development, the influences of social learning and environmental factors also shape how expressions of traits, such as aggression, manifest. These expressions, including war and other aggressive behaviours, are thus viewed as components of our evolutionary biology. Overall, Barash's work offers a thought-provoking examination of human behaviour through the lens of evolutionary biology, highlighting the complex interplay between our genetic predispositions and learned behaviours in understanding the essence of human nature. The dialogue addresses the multifaceted elements that contribute to human behaviour while invoking conversations about the implications of viewing ourselves through the evolutionary frameworks typically associated with other species.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801004_2_93_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801004.2.93.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,339422400
6901,11,10,1980,"Pop, Pot And Heaven (Press, 11 October 1980)","The Australian election in 1980 has brought forward a variety of fringe parties and candidates, highlighting unique perspectives in the political landscape. One notable candidate is Joylene Thornbird Hairmouth, a 24-year-old transvestite punk rocker from New South Wales, who is standing for the Senate. As a member of the group Jimmy and the Boys, she advocates for the youth, stating that ""kids need help"" and calling for greater recognition of the rock and roll industry. Joylene defends her candidacy by asserting it is not merely a publicity stunt, comparing her intentions to those of Jimmy Carter, who she claims did not seek the presidency for the sake of promoting his peanut farm. In contrast to Joylene's progressive stance, there is the Rev. Fred Nile, leader of the conservative Call to Australia Party, which is inspired by the Festival of Light. Nile, along with his small team of three candidates, promotes traditional family values and aims to provide a responsible alternative to both major political parties, as well as to more permissive groups like Don Chipp's Party. His campaign encourages Christian citizens in New South Wales to elect a representative that would champion Christian views on significant legislation and societal issues. Additionally, the election features the Marijuana Party, which contests the decriminalisation of marijuana and has two candidates running for Senate in Victoria. They claim that over 500,000 Australians support their platform, arguing that decriminalisation would alleviate the burden on the black market and enable the government to regulate and tax the industry effectively. One candidate, Jim Billington, expressed that decriminalisation could allow approximately 50,000 individuals involved in illegal marijuana sales to contribute to the economy through taxation and oversight. Overall, the 1980 Australian election reflects a diverse array of candidates and parties, with varying ideologies that reflect both progressive youth culture and conservative family values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801011_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801011.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,340027200
5009,11,10,1980,"Synod Rejects Report (Press, 11 October 1980)","At the opening of the Christchurch Anglican Synod's annual meeting on 11 October 1980, an attempt to have a report on homosexuality rewritten was unsuccessful. A petition signed by 306 individuals from 17 parishes advocating for the complete abolition of the report did not progress to the discussion stage. The Synod, by a narrow voice vote, decided not to accept the petition for further consideration. The Rev. D. T. Manning, who chaired the action group that circulated the petition, argued that the report presented a one-sided view that promoted an anti-traditional Christian perspective, suggesting that homosexuality should be seen as an acceptable Christian stance. Manning criticised the report for inadequately addressing the subject, claiming it overlooked the potential for divine healing and transformation in people's lives. He further claimed the report was imbalanced in its scriptural references, bibliography, and pastoral guidance. While copies of the petition were distributed to all parishes in Christchurch, many congregations reportedly informed their members that the petition was not being circulated. Some parishes even returned the petition instead of supporting it. Those wishing to sign had to seek out other parishes to do so. Manning acknowledged that he did not anticipate the Synod would accept the petition; however, the primary goal was to ensure that alternative viewpoints were officially recognised within the diocese. Some Synod delegates expressed surprise that the Bishop of Christchurch, Rt Rev. W. A. Pyatt, did not call for a vote division regarding the petition's acceptance. In response to the petition's rejection, two members of the action committee planned to present motions that would address the report. These motions aimed to propose four articles that articulated opposing viewpoints to those contained in the diocesan committee's report. The Synod is also expected to acknowledge that a notable number of practising Anglican communicants were denied the chance to engage in open discussion and express opinions that contradicted the committee’s conclusions on homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801011_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801011.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,340027200
5010,14,10,1980,"Church Condemns Tour (Press, 14 October 1980)","On 14 October 1980, the Christchurch Anglican Diocesan Synod unanimously passed a motion condemning the proposed Springbok tour of New Zealand in the following year. The motion was amended to reflect a desire for non-violent pressure on the New Zealand Rugby Union to halt the tour. The Rev. B. R. Carrell highlighted concerns that inviting the Springboks would violate human dignity and cause division within New Zealand society. While the Synod aimed to communicate its stance to the rugby union, it also acknowledged the positive contributions the union had made for youth in the community. The Synod was also involved in discussions surrounding a controversial report on homosexuality from the previous year. This report advocated for legalising homosexual acts between consenting adults and opposed discrimination based on sexual orientation. The Rev. E. Coulthard sought to clarify that the Synod's previous resolutions on homosexuality were affirmations of its views but did not encompass the entirety of the report. The Synod reaffirmed the need to enhance understanding of homosexual individuals while still maintaining the view that heterosexual marriage is the Christian norm. Additionally, a comprehensive financial report concerning diocesan finances was presented to the Synod. This report followed the establishment of an inquiry commission, which was created after the drawing of $55,000 from income reserves over the past eleven years. The commission concluded that financial decision-making had often occurred without due respect for financial sustainability. Recommendations included reducing funding for the Ecumenical Hospital Chaplaincy Board, which funds hospital chaplains, and improving the church's accounting systems. A proposal was made for the development of a five-year budget that would be reviewed annually. The report emphasised the need for the church to operate within its financial means, advocating for measures that would make overspending more challenging, such as implementing instalment payments for allocations. Additional strategies to improve financial management included changing the church's financial year to begin on 1 January and encouraging individual churches to implement structured giving programmes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801014_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801014.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,340286400
5012,15,10,1980,"Church To Study More Papers On Homosexuality (Press, 15 October 1980)","On 15 October 1980, the Synod of the Diocese of Christchurch announced it would provide two additional reports for parishes to study regarding attitudes toward homosexuality. One report was prepared by a committee from the Diocese of Sydney, while the other came from Rt. Rev. Emmett Sims, the Bishop of Atlanta, Georgia. These documents are intended to supplement a report produced by the Synod’s own committee, which had already been circulated for discussion following its acceptance by the Synod in 1979. During the 1980 Synod, a petition seeking to overturn the resolutions and report from 1979 was rejected. The key resolutions from 1979 expressed support for changes to laws that would decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting males in private, provided adequate protections for minors were established. Additionally, the Synod opposed any form of discrimination against individuals based solely on their homosexuality, including in employment. The Bishop of Christchurch, Rt Rev. W. A. Pyatt, remarked that the earlier report had recognised homosexual relationships as a ""viable Christian option,"" under certain conditions. However, he indicated that this view was likely to be unacceptable to a majority of Synod members. The 1980 Synod confirmed that while the resolutions reflected the majority view, they did not encapsulate all sentiments expressed in the prior report. Bishop Pyatt emphasised the importance of understanding and respect towards homosexual individuals, while reaffirming that heterosexual marriage is considered the standard for Christians and that family life is essential for a healthy society. He noted the continued relevance of the 1979 report, and that the two new documents would provide further insight into the Synod's ongoing discussions regarding homosexuality and related societal issues. The resolutions from 1979 remained in place, reinforcing a commitment to Christian marriage and family values amid evolving conversations about sexuality within the church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801015_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801015.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,340372800
5013,15,10,1980,"False Criminal Charges Vyacheslav Chornovil (Press, 15 October 1980)","On 15 October 1980, a report highlighted the misuse of criminal charges by governments against political dissenters as part of Amnesty International’s “Prisoner of Conscience” week, focused on the various forms of imprisonment faced by political opponents. The article emphasised that regimes, particularly in the Soviet Union, employed false charges to not only imprison dissenters but to strip them of their political status, making it challenging for international advocacy. Within the Soviet Union, there had been a noted rise in imprisonments related to purported ""criminal offences"" that were often unrelated to an individual’s dissent. Charges commonly utilised included ""hooliganism,"" defined under the criminal code as actions that violate public order and express disrespect towards society. A specific case discussed involved Mikhail Solovov, a 30-year-old engineer, who received a three-year sentence for allegedly making disparaging remarks about President Leonid Brezhnev on public transport. Another prevalent charge was ""parasitism,"" used to target individuals who were accused of living off unearned income without engaging in socially beneficial work. This law could be wielded against any adult who employed nonconformist behavior, amplifying the intimidation factor for dissenters who faced job loss, thereby rendering them vulnerable to charges. The article spotlighted Vyacheslav Chornovil, a former journalist and activist, who was initially sentenced to six years in prison for “anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda.” Following his release and subsequent rearrest on false charges of “attempted rape,” Chornovil faced an additional five-year sentence. Additionally, the report addressed the situation in Mexico, where land disputes in Cuernavaca led to arrests of individuals involved in community movements. Alfredo Nava Meza, a bricklayer, was arrested in September 1979 and attributed his detention to his role in his neighbourhood association, highlighting the political activism that arose within poor urban settlements. In Romania, a number of dissenters had been convicted under legal provisions that were not explicitly tied to their political activities. Charges for “leading a parasitical, anarchic life” or “disturbing public order” were prevalent, with some individuals also facing conviction for ""homosexual offences."" The case of Gheorghe Rusu served as an example of politically motivated harassment, where he was arrested under allegations of ""homosexual acts"" after attempting to emigrate. Although acquitted, he faced a subsequent imprisonment sentence. The article illustrated the extensive and varied tactics employed by governments to silence dissent, revealing the troubling intersections of law, politics, and personal freedoms, as captured during Amnesty International's week dedicated to raising awareness of prisoners of conscience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801015_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801015.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,340372800
5011,15,10,1980,"Head In Oven Case (Press, 15 October 1980)","On 15 October 1980, the City Court in Sydney heard evidence regarding the brutal murder of Lawrie Jean Callagher, a 32-year-old New Zealand woman. Her decapitated body was discovered on 6 August 1980 in her kitchen at a residence in Wentworthville, alongside her severed head found stuffed in a gas oven. The accused, 32-year-old James Leighton Ferguson, a carpenter from Wentworthville and originally from near Pukekohe, has been charged with her murder and was committed for trial. The details presented in court revealed a gruesome crime scene, with Constable A. Leary testifying about finding Callagher's body and Ferguson's subsequent behaviour. G. Joseph Lydtard, who was a carpenter and Callagher's de facto partner, told the court that he had left the home shortly before the murder, returning to find his wife dead on the floor. He described Ferguson, who had been living with them, as a manic depressive on medication. The investigation took a startling turn when police found Ferguson walking with a child, who reportedly exclaimed, ""He cut my mummy's head off."" Upon apprehension, Ferguson exhibited unstable behaviour, claiming he had been undergoing medical treatment in South Australia. During police interviews, Ferguson allegedly admitted to the murder, stating, “I cut her head off.” He described a physical struggle with Callagher, asserting that it was a life-or-death situation for him. In a series of disturbing statements, he mentioned feeling a sense of strength during the attack and claimed that he had to confront her physically. Ferguson’s statements included an unsettling revelation about his feelings towards Callagher, equating her to a figure he referred to as Morag, the leader of a “coven of witches.” He indicated that his actions were borne out of a perceived necessity for survival. According to a government medical officer, Dr. G. Malouf, Callagher had been alive, though perhaps not conscious, at the time of her decapitation, which was officially determined to be the cause of death. Overall, the court proceedings painted a harrowing picture of a violent crime, with Ferguson’s mental state and disturbed perspectives being central to the narrative of the events leading to Callagher’s tragic death. The trial proceedings are expected to explore further into Ferguson's mental health issues and the disturbing circumstances surrounding the murder.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801015_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801015.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,340372800
5014,21,10,1980,"Born-again Christians A Political Force (Press, 21 October 1980)","In the article from the Economist published on 21 October 1980, the debate surrounding the integration of religion and politics in the United States is explored. The discussion emphasizes that both fields are fundamentally concerned with human behaviour in this world before transitioning to the next, prompting the question of why they should be kept separate. Recent trends indicate a rising tension regarding the role of religion in American politics, particularly as those on the East Coast begin to acknowledge the deeply religious nature of the American population. A staggering 90% of Americans profess belief in God, with approximately 30% identifying as born-again Christians, including major presidential candidates. The current wave of religious activism is largely characterised by Southern Baptists, Mormons, and fundamentalist groups, as opposed to traditional denominations like Methodists and Catholics. A significant proportion of this religious fervour is fuelled by televised evangelical programmes, such as the ""Old-Time Gospel Hour"" hosted by Rev. Jerry Falwell, which reaches around 20 million viewers weekly. This scenario has led to a newfound recognition that these fundamentalists represent a formidable political force, countering initial dismissals of their beliefs as merely eccentric or harmless. Moral Majority, Inc., founded by Falwell, operates with a substantial budget and membership, actively working to promote its political agenda and oust undesirable politicians. The movement has successfully unseated certain politicians and influenced the Republican Party’s platform—shifting it away from commitments to women's equal rights and towards an anti-abortion stance, which resonates with a significant segment of the electorate. Furthermore, the burgeoning collaboration between evangelical organisations and political causes reflects a broader ideological shift. While previous clergy focused on left-wing issues, the current wave champions right-wing causes, highlighting a stark transformation in the role of religious leaders in political discourse. President Carter, a Democrat, is noted for his openness about incorporating his faith into his politics, contrasting with the traditionally Democratic support among many fundamentalists. The article posits that the objection to the new Christian Right stems not from their religious views but from the certainty and assertiveness with which their political beliefs are held. Critics of the integration of religion into politics often invoke the First Amendment's separation of church and state, originally designed to protect against the imposition of a particular religious faith. However, the article argues that this view is paradoxical, as it curtails the political expression of religious groups. In conclusion, the dialogue about religion's role in American politics is evolving and becoming increasingly relevant, with evangelical leaders gaining traction in shaping political narratives and policies. As the 1980 election approaches, the challenge remains for both sides to engage in this debate on its own terms rather than relying solely on historical precedents regarding the relationship between religion and politics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801021_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801021.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,340891200
5015,27,10,1980,"Mrs Whitehouse Calls For Action Against Play (Press, 27 October 1980)","On 27 October 1980, a prominent British barrister, John Smyth, Q.C., claimed that the play ""Romans in Britain"" by Howard Brenton, currently showing at the National Theatre, breaches criminal law due to its explicit content. Smyth attended the performance on behalf of the National Viewers and Listeners' Association and reported his findings to the association's president, Mary Whitehouse, who opted not to watch the play herself. After the performance, Smyth recommended that the Attorney-General's consent be sought to initiate legal proceedings under the 1965 Theatres Act, asserting that a jury should determine if an offence had been committed. Whitehouse indicated her intent to approach Attorney-General Sir Michael Havers with Smyth's findings. The play, which attracted a full house of approximately 1,100 attendees, was noted to have included vulgar language and scenes, including an attempted homosexual rape and full frontal male nudity. The audience, which possibly included lawyers from the Department of Public Prosecutions, was reported to have reacted with criticism, as some described the performance as ""boring."" In contrast to Whitehouse's viewpoint, theatre critic Sir Harold Hobson, who is also a member of the National Theatre's board, defended the play. He described it as one of the National Theatre's most significant productions and argued against prosecution, stating that if the play is considered depraved and corrupt, then he too should be labelled as such. Hobson downplayed the graphic nature of the attempted rape scene, stating it represented a minor aspect of the overall work. He compared the language used in ""Romans in Britain"" to that of classic texts, stating that it was less offensive than what could be found in works such as ""King Lear."" The development highlights the ongoing debate regarding artistic expression and censorship in theatre, particularly in the context of contemporary societal norms and legal boundaries in 1980s Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801027_2_67_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801027.2.67.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,341406000
5016,29,10,1980,"Millionaire’s Guide To Good Manners (Press, 29 October 1980)","Charlotte Ford, heiress and daughter of Henry Ford II, recently released a manual titled “Charlotte Ford’s Book of Modern Manners,” emphasising the enduring value of good manners in today’s society. Published on 29 October 1980, the book aims to guide readers through contemporary social dilemmas that traditional etiquette experts like Emily Post and Amy Vanderbilt would have never addressed, especially in the context of modern relationships and family dynamics. Ford argues that while the situations we encounter may have changed, the principles of good manners remain constant. She offers practical advice on navigating complex scenarios such as how to accommodate cohabiting couples or handle unexpected social encounters without causing a scene. With an emphasis on discretion and common-sense, Ford insists that good manners can help resolve any social dilemma. For example, she suggests that if a person spends the night at someone’s home, they should leave before the children wake up to maintain an air of discretion. Raised in a well-to-do environment in Grosse Point, Michigan, where manners were highly valued, Ford admits that her life experiences inspired her to write the book. Following her marriage to Greek shipping magnate Stavros Niarchos, which ended in divorce after just 14 months, Ford reflects on her life’s ups and downs and the necessity of etiquette in navigating her personal and professional worlds. Now living in Manhattan, Ford runs a fashion business while balancing her responsibilities as a mother to her 13-year-old daughter, Elena. Although her wealth and background set her apart, she approaches the fashion industry with a straightforward and pragmatic mindset. Throughout her experiences, Ford has become more resilient, acknowledging the necessity of adapting to the business landscape and showing toughness in a competitive field. Despite her high-profile marriages and the challenges that came with them, including her relationship with Niarchos and Anthony Forstmann, she considers herself fortunate and maintains amicable relationships with her ex-husbands. She believes that manners, even in the professional realm, could significantly improve conditions for many individuals. Ford’s narrative illustrates that while her life may be far removed from the average person’s experience, the core values of kindness and respect are universal and vital for navigating modern complexities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801029_2_102_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801029.2.102.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,341578800
6902,06,11,1980,"Court In The Act (Press, 6 November 1980)","The film ""And Justice For All"" is portrayed as a dark comedy that critiques the American legal system through the stories of its main characters. Central to the narrative is Arthur Kirkland, played by Al Pacino, a passionate and idealistic criminal lawyer who holds a firm belief in the concepts of guilt and innocence, despite the morally ambiguous landscape of his profession. The film reveals a world where lawyers often prioritise their reputations over their clients' well-being and where prosecutors are more concerned with statistical successes than justice. The storyline introduces several absurd and troubling scenarios within the legal framework. One of Kirkland's clients has endured two years in jail due to a wrongful conviction stemming from a traffic violation and a case of mistaken identity. This situation underscores the flawed nature of the legal system, with even the presiding judge acknowledging the client's innocence, yet refusing to release him. Another incident involves a transvestite client who, despite being deserving of probation, is improperly represented due to a co-counsel's negligence in not reviewing vital case notes during a hearing. The film also explores Kirkland's personal life, notably his relationship with a lawyer who is part of the ethics committee investigating his courtroom conduct. This relationship adds another layer of complexity as it intersects with his professional challenges. Kirkland develops a conflict with a tyrannical judge who, after citing him for contempt, seeks Kirkland's defence in a case that involves serious allegations of rape and assault. In essence, ""And Justice For All"" paints a grim picture of a legal system inhabited by eccentric characters grappling with ethical dilemmas, personal conflicts, and the overarching theme of justice, or the lack thereof. The film offers a satirical lens through which audiences can examine the often-chaotic dynamics of the courtroom and the individuals who operate within it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801106_2_96_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801106.2.96.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,342270000
7428,06,11,1980,"Pacino Appears In Three Totally Different Roles (Press, 6 November 1980)","Al Pacino, a prominent American actor known for his versatile roles, is set to appear in three different films in Christchurch over the next two weeks. The films showcase Pacino in varied characterizations, from a Mafia boss in “The Godfather Part II” to a trial lawyer in “... And Justice for All,” and an undercover policeman delving into New York's homosexual underworld, with the latter film set to screen at the Cinerama the following week. While Pacino has made a name for himself portraying complex anti-heroes, his role in “... And Justice for All” presents him as a dedicated hero, highlighted by his struggle to uphold the spirit of the law amidst his peers' varying morals. Originally from New York, Pacino was born to Sicilian immigrant parents who divorced early on. He was raised by his mother and grandmother in a strict household that limited his freedom until he was seven, which led him to develop a vivid imagination and a passion for performance. Despite his conventional upbringing, he cultivated a bohemian persona, capturing the interest of friends with his unique tales. With aspirations of becoming an actor, Pacino attended the High School of Performing Arts in Manhattan but dropped out at 17, working multiple odd jobs before committing to acting at the Herbert Berghof Studio. Under the guidance of his drama coach, Charles Laughton, he learned the importance of dedication to his craft. His formative years included performances in avant-garde off-Broadway theatres, showcasing his ability to fully embody his characters. Pacino’s career gained momentum after he was accepted into the Actors Studio in 1966, where he honed his craft under the tutelage of renowned drama teacher Lee Strasberg. His early accolades included winning the Obie Award for his role in ""The Indian Wants the Bronx” in 1965 and multiple theatre awards for his Broadway debut in “Does the Tiger Wear a Necktie?” in 1969. Over the years, he maintained a strong connection to theatre, earning acclaim for his performances in productions like “Richard III” and several others, reflecting his enduring passion for the stage. His filmography is extensive, with notable works including his ground-breaking appearances in both “Godfather” films, alongside titles such as “Serpico,” “Dog Day Afternoon,” and “Bobby Deerfield.” Pacino’s ability to portray a range of complex characters has solidified his status as one of the leading talents in contemporary cinema. The upcoming screenings in Christchurch promise to highlight his remarkable ability to traverse different roles within the film industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801106_2_96_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801106.2.96.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,342270000
5017,10,11,1980,"Fireworks Halt ‘romans’ Play (Press, 10 November 1980)","On 10 November 1980, a demonstration disrupted a performance of ""The Romans in Britain"" at London’s National Theatre. This play has been described as one of the most controversial productions staged in the city in years, as it draws parallels between the Roman conquest of Britain and contemporary actions of the British Army in Northern Ireland. The incident began 25 minutes into the second act when five demonstrators launched an attack using firecrackers, stink-bombs, eggs, and flour, which filled the stage with smoke and alarmed the audience of 1,200 people. Despite the chaos, no actors were injured, and the small fire caused by a bale of straw used in the play was quickly extinguished. However, two audience members sustained minor injuries from the thrown eggs and flour. The theatre's manager, Tim Flood, reported the disturbance and confirmed that the police arrived too late to apprehend the demonstrators, who managed to escape through the same emergency exit they had used to enter. In connection with the protest, a man reportedly contacted the British Press Association stating that the demonstrators were a part of a newly formed group called the South London Action Group, asserting that their actions were in defence of moral standards. Prior to the incident inside the theatre, around 20 members of the ultra-right National Front Party had assembled outside to protest against the play, which is known for its volatilities in demonstrating against racial issues in Britain. The interplay of political activism and art in this incident showcases the deep societal tensions of the time, reflecting broader debates on morality, representation, and colonial history. After a brief pause, the performance of ""The Romans in Britain"" resumed following the chaotic disruption.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801110_2_75_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801110.2.75.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,342615600
5018,17,11,1980,"Cable Briefs (Press, 17 November 1980)","On 17 November 1980, Mohammad Reza Saadati, a prominent leader of the Iranian Mujahedin People’s Party, received a ten-year prison sentence from an Islamic court in Iran. He was found guilty of spying for the Soviet Union after being arrested in April 1980 for allegedly contacting a Soviet journalist. This case highlights ongoing tensions and the crackdown on dissent in post-revolutionary Iran. In Thailand, a devastating series of explosions occurred at a factory warehouse of the Thai Army’s ordnance department, resulting in 18 deaths and over 200 injuries. The explosions took place when workers were reportedly producing 73mm rockets within a facility where a substantial quantity of explosives was stored. The chain reaction was ignited by a fire from the first blast, which subsequently detonated many of the stored rockets, levelled four blocks, and caused widespread devastation in the area. In the entertainment industry, Cary Grant, the legendary actor, has initiated a $10 million slander lawsuit against American comedian Chevy Chase. The lawsuit stems from comments made by Chase during a television appearance, in which he suggested that Grant was homosexual, leading Grant to publicly deny such allegations. At 76 years old, Grant's legal action marks a rare instance of a prominent figure taking a stand against slanderous remarks. In geopolitical news, a senior Chinese official indicated that China might consider using force to ""liberate"" Taiwan, as reported by a Hong Kong newspaper. Zhao Guangqi, from the State Council’s Bureau of Government Offices Administration, described the current status of Taiwan as a ""negative factor"" and stated that force could be an option if Taiwan persists in ignoring China's calls for unification. Lastly, in Los Angeles, five Mafia members were found guilty of racketeering conspiracy, with additional convictions on other charges. Notably, they were acquitted of the murder of an informer, Frank “Bomp” Bojnpensiero. The convictions followed an extensive trial and marked a significant step in federal efforts to address organised crime, as it was the first instance where the government formally alleged their connection to the Los Angeles LCN family. The trial exposed the Mafia’s operations, including extortion schemes linked to a Federal Bureau of Investigation sting targeting the pornography industry in Los Angeles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801117_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801117.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,343220400
5019,17,11,1980,"Intriguing Thriller, But... (Press, 17 November 1980)","On 17 November 1980, Hans Petrovic reviewed the film ""Cruising,"" directed and written by William Friedkin, known for his earlier works such as ""The French Connection"" and ""The Exorcist."" The review highlights the film's controversial nature, emphasising its disclaimer that it is not meant to portray the entire homosexual community negatively, but instead focuses on the sadomasochistic subculture that constitutes a small percentage of that community. The film has sparked significant reactions, with theatre-goers in Christchurch expressing their shock and disgust, even leading some to request refunds after viewing it. Friedkin's intention appears to be to push audience boundaries in the realm of entertainment, delving into the gritty and provocative atmosphere of Manhattan’s all-male pick-up bars and the S-M scene. Al Pacino stars as a young New York police officer who goes undercover by adopting a fictitious homosexual identity to aid in a murder investigation targeting gay men. This character choice stems from his resemblance to the victims, whose dismembered bodies have been discovered in the Hudson River. The urgency to resolve these crimes relates to the impending Democratic convention in New York, prompting the detectives to act quickly. As Pacino’s character assimilates into this unfamiliar world, he grapples with his grasp on reality and questions his own sexual orientation, complicating his relationship with his girlfriend. The film portrays a tangled narrative where nothing is quite what it seems, featuring elements of deception with gay men masquerading as policemen and other layers of identity that complicate the investigation. Ultimately, the film is described as a psycho-sexual thriller fraught with red herrings and unexpected twists, leaving audiences uncertain about the identity of the murderer even upon a second viewing. Petrovic suggests that Friedkin may have been pressured into creating a morally acceptable conclusion for a story that is inherently sordid and complex, akin to the struggles faced by Francis Ford Coppola with ""Apocalypse Now."" Despite its discomforting content, ""Cruising"" is framed as an engaging but unsettling experience, positioning Friedkin as a provocateur challenging viewers to confront challenging themes of identity and morality within a troubling subculture.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801117_2_98_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801117.2.98.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,343220400
6903,17,11,1980,"Poorer But Wiser (Press, 17 November 1980)","On 17 November 1980, a report emerged from Auckland highlighting a worrying trend regarding late-night encounters in the Upper Queen Street area. A lonely man became the victim of a robbery after being propositioned by a transvestite. This incident took place on Thursday night, and by Friday, the man was left poorer but wiser, having escaped from the transvestite’s house with his trousers but without his wallet. Authorities expressed concern over a series of similar incidents occurring recently, wherein men were being targeted by individuals posing as attractive young women. The police warned that Upper Queen Street had become a hotspot for transvestites, who often worked in pairs or groups to rob clients they lured from the street. In the specific case on Thursday night, the victim was taken to a residence where another transvestite awaited. The man was robbed of his wallet before being thrown out of the house, with his trousers thrown out after him. Following this robbery, a suspect was apprehended and was set to appear in the District Court in Auckland on charges of theft. Earlier that same Thursday evening, another man experienced a similar fate after being picked up by a different transvestite in the same location. He was later assaulted by a group of transvestites at a house in Mount Eden, resulting in the loss of his wallet, which contained $139. Police responded promptly and arrested a suspect related to this incident, who was also scheduled to appear in the District Court for robbery charges. The police investigation continues as they aim to address the rising number of such late-night crimes and ensure the safety of individuals in the area.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801117_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801117.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,343220400
5020,29,11,1980,"To Be Read At A Sitting (Press, 29 November 1980)","""End of the Circle"" is a compelling New Zealand novel written by Ross A. Doughty and published by Invictus Press in Feilding in 1980. The narrative captures the struggles of Gary Hunter, a self-made contractor in the small mill town of Porowhita, as he faces both industrial strife and the machinations of local power players. The story unfolds in a fast-paced manner that grips readers from beginning to end. Gary is an ambitious entrepreneur who, despite not being academically inclined, shows a knack for business and construction from a young age. His early investment in a bulldozer propels his contracting business to remarkable success, eventually leading him to amass a fleet of over 100 vehicles. His relationship with Anne Hamblyn, the self-centred daughter of the local millionaire mill-owner, provides him financial backing but lacks emotional fulfilment. Conflict arises when Gary dismisses Charles, the incompetent and openly homosexual son of Anne’s father, leading to escalating tensions. Charles’s resulting bitterness is leveraged by Simon Lindsay, a homosexual school-teacher and aspiring socialist revolutionary, who acts against Gary’s success. Adding to the unrest is Leamy, the Communist head of the local drivers’ union, who is seen as a contentious figure failing at most endeavours except inciting trouble. As Gary grapples with these challenges, he is also entwined in the local Maori community’s resurgence, as they seek to reclaim their identity and history with the support of certain European bigots, complicating the social landscape. Concurrently, Gary faces a pressing deadline to complete a timber contract with the mill while fending off threats from Hamblyn, who threatens to foreclose on his business if he fails. Additionally, a significant natural disaster—a slip that disrupts vital road access to Porowhita—presents another challenge for Gary. Despite the scepticism of local authorities and opposition from the Hamblyn-influenced press, he decides to undertake repair efforts on the road, opting for a challenging new route that could restore connectivity to the town. Overall, ""End of the Circle"" is highlighted as a gripping indigenous thriller by A.J. Petre, who notes Doughty’s skill in creating a narrative that is both engaging and reflective of local issues. The novel, Doughty’s debut, is praised for its depth and potential as a cinematic adaptation, revealing the intricacies of personal, political, and community conflict amidst New Zealand's unique social fabric of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801129_2_93_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801129.2.93.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,344257200
5021,03,12,1980,"‘Summer Offensive’ For Gay Rightists (Press, 3 December 1980)","The National Gay Rights Coalition has launched a summer programme in Wellington under the theme “Gay rights are human rights.” Gavin Young, the co-ordinator of the coalition, characterised the initiative as an educational campaign aimed at raising public awareness about the connection between gay rights and human rights in New Zealand. This campaign, termed the ""Summer Offensive,"" will include the distribution of pamphlets, stickers, and various activities across the country, strategically focusing on International Human Rights Day on December 10, 1980. The coalition's effort seeks to spotlight the reality that despite New Zealand’s commitment to human rights, over 150,000 lesbians and homosexuals in the country remain without legally recognised sexual rights. Young has called upon the International Gay Association to support a letter-writing campaign directed at the Human Rights Commission. This campaign aims to underscore international backing for homosexual rights. The Human Rights Commission is expected to announce its decision regarding the coalition's submissions, which were put forth last year, on December 31. These submissions requested that the Commission advocate for the inclusion of sexual offences as grounds for complaint under the Human Rights Commission Act and called for a revision of the sexual offences section in the Crimes Act. Through the Summer Offensive programme, the coalition intends to provide the public with the same information that was presented to the Human Rights Commission, enabling individuals to form their own opinions on the matter. Young emphasised the importance of educating the public on these issues to build awareness and support for the rights of the lesbian and gay community in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801203_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801203.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,344602800
5022,06,12,1980,"Katherine Mansfield’s Life (Press, 6 December 1980)","Antony Alpers' biography ""The Life of Katherine Mansfield,"" published in 1980, offers a comprehensive examination of the life of the acclaimed New Zealand author. Richard Corballis reviews this work and highlights its richness in detail and depth. Alpers' biography, which draws on an extensive array of primary sources including Mansfield's notebooks, letters, and testimonies from acquaintances, unveils significant aspects of her life that were previously unknown, particularly her tumultuous activities from 1908 to 1911. Alpers documents Mansfield's numerous relationships, both lesbian and heterosexual, including a short-lived marriage and encounters that led to blackmail. He uncovers details of a life filled with turmoil, including suspected abortions and a long undiagnosed case of gonorrhoea. Corballis notes that Mansfield's life was marked by constant relocation, with nearly 30 different postal addresses, highlighting her desire for change and reinvention. After meeting John Middleton Murry in 1911, Mansfield's life began to stabilise, though she maintained relationships with various individuals. Marriage in 1918 and Murry's influence situated Mansfield within literary circles like the Bloomsbury Group, broadening her literary reach. Alpers argues that the death of her brother Leslie during the war catalysed a significant shift in her creative output, allowing for more profound expression in her work. The relationship with D. H. Lawrence is portrayed as particularly intense and colourful but also detrimental to her creativity, resulting in a fallout after a brief period living as neighbours. Conversely, her engagement with Virginia Woolf, while less dramatic, proved significant in shaping their respective literary styles. Professor Alpers suggests that Katherine Mansfield significantly impacted Woolf's development as a writer, transitioning her narrative style to reflect the post-war experience. Despite her prolific contributions, Mansfield’s life cut short by tuberculosis at a young age left her final works incomplete, while Woolf continued to produce a body of mature literature. Alpers' biography not only aims to depict Mansfield's life but also offers insight into the evolution of literary movements of the time. His writing style is described as approachable and engaging, marked by a sense of warmth and understanding for his subjects' complexities. Corballis mentions that the biography features one unflattering reference to Christchurch, where Mansfield's dismal memory of the city reflects a broader narrative of her life spent seeking inspiration and connection across different locales. Overall, Alpers' work is positioned as a definitive source for understanding Katherine Mansfield and her impact on literary history, described by Corballis as profound and rewarding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801206_2_106_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801206.2.106.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,344862000
7315,09,12,1980,"Homosexuals To Press Demands (Press, 9 December 1980)","On 9 December 1980, Christchurch’s lesbian and gay male community planned to hold a demonstration in Cathedral Square in observance of International Human Rights Day. This event aimed to highlight their demands for legal equality and raise public awareness about the issues they face. The initiative was spearheaded by Mr. John Wools, the regional representative of the National Gay Rights Coalition, following a meeting of local gay rights groups that took place the previous Sunday. During the demonstration, pamphlets would be distributed, and some of the estimated 25,000 homosexuals residing in Christchurch expressed their willingness to engage in discussions regarding the legal discrimination they endure. The meeting that prompted the demonstration was primarily focused on the perceived inaction of the Human Rights Commission, which had taken 21 months to respond to submissions made by the coalition advocating for the inclusion of ""sexual orientation"" in the Human Rights Commission Act. This update would allow discrimination complaints to encompass sexual orientation, which has been a longstanding demand among the community. Mr. Wools articulated the irony of celebrating a day dedicated to human rights in New Zealand, where an estimated 150,000 homosexuals and lesbians still lacked equality under the law. He pointed out that the legal discrimination faced by this group affected various aspects of daily life, areas where other New Zealanders would be appalled to find themselves unprotected by the law. The call for the review of the sexual offences section of the Crimes Act was also a significant part of the coalition's agenda, emphasising the need for reforms that would safeguard the rights of homosexual individuals in New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801209_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801209.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,345121200
6645,10,12,1980,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 10 December 1980)","On 10 December 1980, a story discussed the small village settlement of Roimata in Christchurch, which has largely faded from public awareness but is experiencing a slight revival due to real estate interest and a map published by “The Press.” Roimata is located between Linwood and Woolston, south of Ferry Road. Its existence is not officially recognised on Lands and Survey Department maps because it is considered a settlement rather than a suburb. The department's spokesperson noted that settlements often gain suburb status after establishing a post office with the new suburb name, yet officials from the Post Office indicated they had no awareness of Roimata, despite occasional references to the name on incoming letters. The Christchurch City Council also stated that local bodies manage street naming but not suburb naming. Surveyor Kit Iverson pointed out the role of land agents and developers in determining suburb names, suggesting that calling a house for sale in Roimata sounds more appealing than labeling it in Woolston or Linwood. Iverson recalled how Merivale's boundaries have gradually expanded over time. The article also recounted a humorous incident involving two English cricket professionals coaching young players in Ashburton. After driving for over an hour without finding their destination, they stopped to ask a farmer for directions, who revealed they were heading up Porters Pass instead of towards Ashburton. On another note, the article acknowledged Human Rights Day, which is largely uncelebrated. The day drew attention this year with two press releases: one from the New Zealand Baha’is advocating for recognition of their community's plight in Iran and another from the Christchurch Lesbian Support Group seeking acknowledgment of their rights under the Human Rights Commission. Lastly, the story highlighted the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) battling for an increase in its television licence fee. The BBC has been more vocal in its plea compared to New Zealand’s television body, setting up a Licence Campaign Unit to promote its cause. Currently, the yearly charge for a British colour television licence is around $75, with the unit pushing for it to rise to at least $110, while New Zealand colour television owners pay $45 annually.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801210_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801210.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,345207600
6646,13,12,1980,"Govt Support Denied (Press, 13 December 1980)","On 13 December 1980, New Zealand's Minister of Justice, Mr McLay, denied government support for the lesbian magazine ""Circle"" while responding to a parliamentary question from Helensville member Mr D. M. J. Jones. Jones had inquired whether the Committee on Women had received $25,000 from the government and if a portion of these funds had been allocated to assist in publishing ""Circle"". He also questioned the government’s policy on promoting lesbian groups. Mr McLay clarified that the Committee on Women received a request from the publishers of ""Circle"" to purchase a typewriter. After careful consideration, the committee decided to buy a second-hand electric typewriter to be owned by the committee and made accessible to various women’s groups, including the publishers of ""Circle"". He emphasised that this decision does not indicate government support for lesbian groups, stating, “This decision cannot be construed as support by the committee, or for that matter the Government, of lesbian groups.” The Minister further explained that the committee had consistently made it clear that receiving a grant does not imply endorsement of a project or its alignment with the committee’s views. The government allocated an annual amount of $25,000 to the committee for special projects and research since the 1978-79 financial year, and over 110 grants had been made since 1979.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801213_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801213.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,345466800
5023,16,12,1980,"Reagan Jun. Plans Snub (Press, 16 December 1980)","On 16 December 1980, Ron Reagan, the 22-year-old son of President-elect Ronald Reagan, made headlines with his controversial remarks about outgoing President Jimmy Carter. In an interview with ""New York"" magazine, Reagan expressed strong disapproval of Carter, stating that he would not shake hands with him on Inauguration Day. He criticized Carter's behaviour and statements, particularly his repeated accusations against his father, calling Reagan a ""racist"" and a ""warmonger."" Ron Reagan did not hold back, accusing Carter of having ""the morals of a snake"" and claiming he would ""have sold his mother to get re-elected."" In addition to his statements about political matters, Ron shared personal insights into his life. He mentioned that he had married a 29-year-old woman the previous month in a quiet ceremony, which his parents did not attend. He explained that he chose to marry to avoid any potential embarrassment for his father during the transition period, saying it would make engagements and public appearances more manageable. Reagan also addressed speculation about his sexual orientation, dismissing any claims that he is homosexual as ""laughable"" and critiquing the level of ignorance among journalists who made such claims. He highlighted the athleticism of dance, contrasting it with sports like baseball and defending his career with the Joffrey Ballet Company. Ultimately, Ron Reagan voiced a strong respect for his father, calling him ""the most honourable man who has ever been elected President,"" and expressed his belief that his father could potentially be the greatest President in history, even rivaling iconic figures like Abraham Lincoln.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801216_2_73_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801216.2.73.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,345726000
7085,26,12,1980,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 26 December 1980)","On 26 December 1980, a unique initiative was announced by Te Whanau Trust, the organisation overseeing Piko Wholefoods and a neighbouring dairy in Kilmore Street, Christchurch. Although the trust had decided some time back to sell cigarettes, this conflicted with the values of its members, who are proponents of organic food and anti-smoking. To reconcile their involvement with tobacco sales, they have committed to donating 1 cent from each packet of cigarettes sold starting January 1 to cancer research. Additionally, they will allocate an extra cent from every packet of Rothmans cigarettes to support Hart, an anti-apartheid movement, in protest against Rothmans' interests in South Africa. In another light-hearted story, a Christchurch family faced a near-miss situation during Christmas celebrations. One of their members was arriving from Australia, yet they were unaware of which flight he would take. His mother and sister inadvertently met the wrong flight, leading them to wander the airport in search of him without success. Meanwhile, the family member had arrived on the earlier flight, searched for them, and ended up taking a taxi home to find the house dark and empty. Disheartened, he chose to spend the night at a nearby motel. Fortunately, the family reunited the following morning. In more travel-related news, passport applicants have been surprised to find inserts from the Travel Agents’ Association of New Zealand within their passports. The insert encourages travellers to promote New Zealand to potential tourists by highlighting its clean environment, friendly people, stunning landscapes, and general hospitality. In the realm of British politics, Enoch Powell's speeches continue to draw significant attention, including his recent commentary on the relationship between press and politicians. He suggested the need for a press that could hold representatives accountable by critiquing their motives and actions, ultimately serving the public faithfully. A lighter, humorous moment occurred in a local chemist's shop when a little girl, wanting to check her weight, took off her shoes. When questioned by the chemist about this act and why she still held her shoes, both father and daughter were left embarrassed as they had not realised she was still gripping her shoes while weighing herself. Finally, a satirical classified advertisement exemplified an extreme rental listing in an American newspaper. The ad featured a long list of exclusions for potential tenants, ranging from ""no children, pets, or smokers"" to ""no communists or free thinkers,"" concluding with the owner stating they might just sell the property and relocate somewhere entirely different.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801226_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801226.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,346590000
5024,27,12,1980,"'Punch' Keeps Laughing (Press, 27 December 1980)","The review of ""The Pick or Punch"" edited by Alan Coren highlights the anthology's blend of humour and social commentary, which emanates from the legacy of the magazine ""Punch."" Founded in 1841 during a tumultuous time in Europe, with wars and strikes dominating the headlines, a group in a London pub concluded that nothing could be done about the world’s problems, leading to the creation of ""Punch"" instead. Even after 139 years and 7000 weekly issues, the magazine remains relevant, addressing topics like racism, homosexual rights, and various contemporary issues with wit and levity. The anthology features a range of articles with a literary flair. E. S. Turner humorously critiques Paul Theroux's railway journey narratives through a satirical account of a London commuter train plagued by incessant stops and multicultural announcements. Alan Coren's piece reflects on the life of Wystan Hugh Foskett, a lesser-known but intriguing literary figure, noting the peculiarities of his life and the surprising attendance of weeping women at his funeral, highlighting his unconventional priorities. The anthology also includes a quirky historical commentary that captures the essence of British society with amusing timelines. Additionally, Keith Waterhouse shares an amusing narrative of a man’s quest to join the C.I.A., showcasing a blend of intrigue and absurdity. A comedic contribution from a fictional dog advocacy group criticises those who oppose the less sanitary aspects of urban life, underscoring the humour found in everyday situations. In a festive nod, ""Red Star Over Bethlehem"" presents humorous adaptations of Christmas songs and poems, encapsulating a cheeky attitude towards traditional customs, which ultimately conveys a message about the absurdity of societal concerns. This anthology, while humorous, reflects and critiques societal norms and issues, making it an engaging read for those who appreciate clever parody and insightful commentary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801227_2_93_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801227.2.93.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,346676400
7086,27,12,1980,"Her Hitch-hiking Days Now Book Bound Memories (Press, 27 December 1980)","Delph Gay from Springston, New Zealand, has successfully published her travel memoir, ""Beyond the Bus-stop,"" five years after embarking on her round-the-world journey. The book, which spans 90,000 words, recounts her adventures in the Australian outback and New Zealand's high country. The publication was made possible through a $6,000 investment from her father, Wally Sandaver, as Delph and her husband Bevan struggled to find a publisher. The couple had set the goal of seeing the book in print as their Christmas present for the following year, a dream that has now been realised. ""Beyond the Bus-stop"" is described as a humorous and poignant narrative showcasing Delph's impulsive nature and various experiences during her travels. The book captures her unconventional methods of survival, including living with little money, cooking in unusual ways, and engaging in lively pursuits such as playing the violin in outback pubs for food. Delph's journey began when she left England at 21, driven by an adventurous spirit ignited by her school studies and her time in the Women’s Royal Air Force. Her arrival in Australia in 1970 with only six dollars in her pocket was daunting, but she found a trusting environment where people readily offered help. Embracing independence, she often travelled alone, believing it allowed her to meet more individuals. To enhance her safety during her hitchhiking adventures, she adhered to a personal code, focusing on practical clothing and avoiding rides after dark. Delph recounts a particularly harrowing experience hitching between Adelaide and Sydney, where she faced an aggressive driver but managed to escape. Remarkably, despite the challenges of her travels, she returned to England three and a half years later unharmed yet unsettled. Eventually, she returned to New Zealand, where she found stability and happiness, marrying after her extensive travels. Delph enjoyed the process of writing her book, taking advantage of a cabin by the Waimakariri River where she could focus on her work. Although she has travelled to over 20 countries and kayaked down the Mississippi River, she chose to concentrate on her experiences in Australia and New Zealand, which she believed would resonate more with local readers. Despite losing her first manuscript in a fire, Delph persevered and rewrote her memoir from memory while renting a bach in Akaroa. ""Beyond the Bus-stop,"" published by The Caxton Press, is available for $11.95 in major bookstores. Delph's journey from a determined traveller to a published author showcases her resilience and the evolution of her adventurous life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19801227_2_71_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19801227.2.71.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,346676400
5025,03,01,1981,"Auden, Light And Dark (Press, 3 January 1981)","The biography ""W.H. Auden: The Life of a Poet"" by Charles Osborne, published in 1980, presents a blend of gossip and insight into the life of the renowned poet, who passed away in 1973 at the age of 66. While the author incorporates shrewd observations about Auden's work, the narrative often drifts into less critical, gossipy territory, which may be seen as a delight to the poet's posthumous reputation. Osborne diligently verifies facts, even against Auden's own recollections, but sometimes indulges in excessive detail, such as recounting a railway timetable. The biography extends beyond Auden's death, with final chapters titled “Ave atque vale” and “Obiter dicta”, where the narrative can lose momentum. Illustrations, including a cover drawing by David Hockney and photographs by Cecil Beaton, accompany the text but ultimately add little to the understanding of Auden's character. Osborne presents Auden as a complex individual—a promiscuous homosexual who mixed with notable figures, struggle with personal demons, and a man whose public persona often masked deeper truths. His return to Anglicanism at 33 is depicted as an attempt to regain control over his life, yet it did not significantly alter his behavior. The biography touches on the duality of Auden's existence, suggesting that the tension between his public life and private reality is a source of poetic inspiration. Critically, the author reflects on the intimate nature of Auden's poetry, including the revelation that the beautiful lyric ""Lay your sleeping head, my love"" was addressed to a male partner, which may challenge conventional interpretations of his work. The tension between Auden's aspirations and the reality of his life creates a narrative that resonates with both his struggles and triumphs as a poet. Summers concludes that while poetry is a spiritual pursuit, the life of its creator can often overshadow the work. There remains a desire to create a mythos around great artists, which can sometimes lead to oversimplification of their complexities. Osborne's portrayal captures a ""truthful"" representation of Auden that acknowledges both his inspirations and frailties, urging readers to appreciate the totality of the man behind the poetry. The review outlines a belief that understanding the artist’s multifaceted nature leads to a richer recognition of their literary contributions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810103_2_101_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810103.2.101.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,347281200
7598,12,01,1981,"N.z. Attitudes (Press, 12 January 1981)","In a letter published on 12 January 1981, authors Garry A. Moore, Sandra Pegg, and Ralph Knowles express concern over the state of freedom of speech and information in New Zealand. They reflect on recent events highlighting these issues, particularly criticising Gideon Tait, a former police officer, for advocating violence against those with differing opinions. They also address remarks made by Ben Couch, the Minister of Maori Affairs, who expressed frustration over the release of unemployment statistics for Maori people. The letter suggests that the suppression of dissent and the erosion of the freedom of information observed in the Soviet Union are mirrored in New Zealand. The authors argue that such developments should prompt New Zealanders to reconsider the state of their own society and the principles of free expression and transparency that are supposedly upheld.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810112_2_92_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810112.2.92.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,348058800
5026,14,01,1981,"Campaigner Dies (Press, 14 January 1981)","Mrs Mabel Rose Wilson, a notable campaigner for racial equality and a founding member of the Citizens’ Association for Racial Equality (CARE), has passed away in Epsom at the age of 83. Mrs Wilson played a significant role in the establishment of CARE in 1964, serving as its treasurer for nine years and contributing to the selection of the name CARE for the organisation. She was also involved with the Homosexual Law Reform Society, further highlighting her commitment to social justice and equality. Her dedication to these causes has left a lasting impact on the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810114_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810114.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,348231600
5027,14,01,1981,"Report On Gays 'a Farce’ (Press, 14 January 1981)","On 14 January 1981, Kevin Green, the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition, harshly criticized a recent Human Rights Commission report regarding the rights of gay individuals, calling it a 'farce.' Following a meeting of the coalition's executive, Green expressed the group's desire to engage with Justice Minister Mr McLay to ensure that their submissions received serious attention. The report released a week earlier had opposed including sexual orientation as a basis for discrimination under the Human Rights Act, while suggesting amendments to the legal inconsistencies that impose harsher penalties on male sexual acts compared to female ones. However, the commission did not clarify whether penalties for males should be reduced or those for females increased. Green contended that the commission's definition of status in this context was simplistic, naive, and ineffective. He asserted that a thorough examination would have revealed that the European Commission on Human Rights had deemed the British Government's treatment of homosexuals in Northern Ireland as a violation of their rights, thereby recognising homosexuality as a legitimate status. Green insisted that the coalition would actively pursue the decriminalisation of male homosexual acts as a means to eliminate gender-based legal discrimination. Linda Evans from the Lesbian Centre voiced her concerns regarding the report potentially exacerbating the oppression faced by lesbians. She demanded a clear commitment from Mr McLay that the Crimes Act would not include further restrictions against lesbians. Evans argued that while not all issues faced by lesbians could be resolved by formally incorporating sexual orientation into the Human Rights Act, doing so would provide essential protections against discrimination in employment, housing, public services, and child custody. Both Green and Evans accused the commission of fostering a climate of discrimination by not taking a strong stance against it. In response to the report, Green announced plans for a nationwide civil disobedience campaign aimed at protesting the commission's findings. He encouraged gay individuals to respond to official treatment in kind, signalling a shift towards more direct action in the fight for their rights. The ongoing dialogue around the rights of the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand underscored a critical moment in the struggle against discrimination in the early 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810114_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810114.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,348231600
6647,16,01,1981,"Chch Gays To Plan Action (Press, 16 January 1981)","A meeting is scheduled for tomorrow in Christchurch for lesbians and homosexuals to formulate their response to a recently released Human Rights Commission report. This report addressed representations made by the National Gay Rights Coalition, and it has sparked considerable anger among its members. Mr D. Bisman, the coalition’s regional representative, expressed feelings of being insulted by the report, describing it as ""2 J pages of vacillation and unseemly buck-passing."" He emphasised the coalition's frustration with the report's lack of decisive action. Additionally, Mr K. Green, the national coalition’s co-ordinator, suggested that the only option left for those feeling strongly about their lack of rights may involve civil disobedience. This suggestion will be one of the key topics discussed at the upcoming meeting, as coalition members seek to address their concerns and determine a course of action.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810116_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810116.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,348404400
7429,17,01,1981,"A Tasmanian Bisexual (Press, 17 January 1981)","The book ""Errol Flynn: The Untold Story,"" authored by Charles Higham and released in 1980, is a biography that delves into the tumultuous life of the iconic actor Errol Flynn. While Flynn is celebrated for his on-screen portrayal of masculinity and charm, the biography uncovers a darker side to his persona. Higham paints Flynn as a complex individual marked by his vices, including alcoholism, drug addiction, and bisexuality. The book suggests that Flynn had a notorious reputation for his sexual exploits, including encounters with underage girls, and he faced multiple accusations of rape. Higham's narrative largely relies on anecdotes from Flynn's friends, acquaintances, and adversaries, giving the biography a gossipy tone that occasionally borders on sensationalism, not unlike the embellishments found in Flynn's own autobiography, ""My Wicked Wicked Ways."" Furthermore, the biography touches on Flynn's antisemitism, a trait that was particularly unsuitable in the Hollywood environment of his era. It also mentions his connection to a character named Dr H. F. Erben, alleged to have been involved with Nazi activities during World War II, which raises questions about Flynn's own political affiliations, although the evidence of him being a spy is tenuous at best. Overall, Higham's portrayal of Flynn reveals a man who, despite his heroic on-screen image, was plagued by inner turmoil and questionable morality. The biography serves as an exploration of Flynn’s life as a macho figure, ultimately presenting a rather unpleasant view of a celebrity whose bravado concealed a more unsettling reality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810117_2_101_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810117.2.101.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,348490800
7024,22,01,1981,"Marriage Annulled (Press, 22 January 1981)","Two men, one of whom has undergone a sex change, have had their marriage annulled by the Registrar-General in New Zealand. The couple was legally married in Hamilton in the previous year after initially being denied a marriage licence in Whakatane. It was only after the marriage licence was issued and the ceremony completed that the celebrant in Hamilton learned the true circumstances surrounding the couple's identities. A spokesman for the District Court in Whakatane stated that while the individual who underwent surgery is medically classified as a woman, they are not legally recognised as such. Consequently, the Registrar-General has declared the marriage null and void, although no further action has been taken against the couple.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810122_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810122.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,348922800
5028,23,01,1981,"Mass Killer To Be Held In Hospital (Press, 23 January 1981)","Bruce Lee, a 20-year-old man, has confessed to being responsible for a series of arson attacks that resulted in the deaths of 26 people over the past seven years. During proceedings at Leeds Crown Court, prosecutor Gerald Coles provided a harrowing account of Lee's actions, indicating that he would roam the streets carrying kerosene and matches, igniting fires impulsively when he felt a tingling sensation in his fingers. Lee's troubled background included being born the son of a prostitute, suffering from epilepsy, and enduring a loveless upbringing. These factors contributed to a tumultuous life in which Lee frequently faced difficulties, including partial paralysis and a deformed right hand. His feelings of anger and rejection appeared to manifest in a gruesome vendetta against society, as he sought revenge by committing acts that led to horrific loss of life. As a result of his plea, Lee was found guilty of manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility, attributable to his mental health issues. He faced 10 separate charges of arson linked to his brutal crimes, all committed in or around the city of Hull, where he resided. Judge Tudor Evans, recognising Lee's serious mental condition, ordered that he be detained indefinitely at Park Lane Psychiatric Hospital for the criminally insane, marking a grim conclusion to one of Britain's most tragic and violent criminal cases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810123_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810123.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,349009200
7316,23,01,1981,"Objections To Report On Gay Rights (Press, 23 January 1981)","On 23 January 1981, approximately a dozen members of the gay community in Christchurch gathered at the office of the Human Rights Commission to submit written objections to a recent report regarding gay rights. This meeting followed an informal discussion held two days earlier with the Human Rights Officer, Mr R. L. Caird, during which the community was encouraged to articulate their concerns in writing. The regional representative of the National Gay Rights Coalition, Mr D. R. Bisman, led the group and presented five letters that detailed their objections and raised questions concerning the commission's stance. The report in question had been released in December 1980 and responded to submissions made by the coalition 18 months prior. Notably, the commission opposed the inclusion of discrimination based on sexual orientation in its legislation. While the report suggested some amendments aimed at rectifying legal anomalies that imposed heavier penalties on men than women for indecent acts, it refrained from advocating for either a reduction in penalties for men or an increase for women. Mr Bisman expressed dissatisfaction with the lack of clarity and specific recommendations from the commission regarding the legal status of discrimination based on sexual orientation. He emphasised the community's desire for clearer guidance on why the commission chose not to recommend making such discrimination illegal and noted the absence of any positive action in their report. The deputation conveyed the sentiments of a significant portion of the gay community, expressing anger over the report's implication that certain forms of discrimination could be seen as lawful. They were also frustrated by what they perceived as the commission's disregard for international precedents concerning gay rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810123_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810123.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,349009200
5029,24,01,1981,"Group Seeks End To Discrimination (Press, 24 January 1981)","An Auckland-based group called the Equality Bill Campaign (E.B.C.) is working to introduce a bill to Parliament in 1981 aimed at eliminating legal discrimination against homosexuals. This initiative follows recent legislation in Victoria that legalised consensual sexual acts between adults, regardless of their sex. The chairman of the E.B.C., Mr P. Wall, expressed disappointment with the Human Rights Commission's recent report on homosexual law reform, characterising it as lacking the necessary courage and compassion to recommend impactful changes. He noted that while the commission acknowledged the need for legislative change, it failed to truly consider public opinion. Mr Wall referenced a recent poll conducted by the group, which indicated that a majority of the public supports less restrictive laws regarding homosexuality. He emphasised the ease of finding a member of Parliament willing to sponsor the bill, although he did not disclose any specific names or party affiliations. The E.B.C. plans to actively lobby for the bill leading up to the upcoming General Election but distanced itself from the more confrontational approach of the Gay Rights Coalition, which threatened civil disobedience, arguing that such actions would be ineffective. Established in early 1980 by a task force of professionals and businesspeople, the E.B.C. seeks to amend the Crimes Act to eliminate all legal discrimination against homosexual individuals. They commissioned a member of Auckland University Law School to draft the bill, which had already been shared with several members of Parliament. Initially intended for presentation in 1982, the group has opted to introduce it sooner in light of the Human Rights Commission's findings and ongoing public support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810124_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810124.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,349095600
6904,04,02,1981,"Gadaffi’s Scramble Alarms Cairo (Press, 4 February 1981)","On 4 February 1981, concerns over Colonel Muammar Gadaffi’s expanding influence in Africa are highlighted, particularly in Cairo, where President Anwar Sadat expresses alarm over the potential instability this could create for neighbouring Sudan. Sadat's worries stem from Gadaffi's recent decision to merge Libya and Chad, which is further exacerbated by their longstanding personal animosity since their failed union attempt in 1976. This animosity has roots in a brief war between their armies, with Gadaffi blaming Sadat for betraying the ideals of former Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser, who advocated for socialism and Arab unity. Sadat characterises Gadaffi as a dangerous, unpredictable figure whose ambitions greatly exceed his ideological claims. Egyptian media reflects these sentiments, with the “Egyptian Gazette” deriding Gadaffi in derogatory terms. Besides personal tensions, there are significant strategic conflicts between Egypt and Libya. Cairo perceives Gadaffi, potentially supported by the Soviet Union, as seeking to establish a dominantly Libyan Saharan or sub-Saharan confederation. Egyptian officials point to Gadaffi's backing of the Polisario Front in Western Sahara, an ill-fated invasion of Tunisia in 1979, and a coup attempt in Gambia as further evidence of his ambitions. The Egyptian government fears that a Libyan-led Saharan empire could disrupt the delicate stability of Sudan, which Cairo views as its vulnerable flank in Africa. This concern is compounded by Egyptian suspicions that Gadaffi acts as a pawn for the Soviet Union, which Sadat believes is orchestrating a broader plan to encircle Egypt. In response to the situation in Chad, where Gadaffi has achieved notable successes, Sadat seeks to galvanise African nations against the Libyan leader. Countries such as Senegal, Cameroon, and Nigeria have shown disapproval of Gadaffi's involvement in Chad. To further counter Gadaffi’s influence, President Sadat has pledged Egyptian military support to Sudan should it become necessary and intends to supply arms to Mr Hissene Habre, the former defence minister of Chad, who is presently assembling an opposition force in Cameroon. Cairo is reportedly considering establishing a Chad Government-in-exile and is deliberating on an appropriate location for its capital, indicating a strategic move to counter Gadaffi’s advances. Overall, the dynamics between Egypt and Libya reflect deep-seated personal and strategic rivalries that threaten regional stability in Africa.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810204_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810204.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,350046000
6648,07,02,1981,"Burning Up In Bed (Press, 7 February 1981)","The review discusses ""The Dieter's Guide to Weight Loss After Sex"" by Richard Smith, published by Souvenir Press in 1980. The book employs a humorous, mock-scientific approach to exploring the calories burned during different sexual activities. It categorises experiences based on various scenarios, such as ""The Wedding Night,"" providing amusing calorie counts for activities ranging from first-time intercourse to getting caught in compromising situations. For example, it suggests that the first sexual encounter could burn between 78 to 657 calories, highlighting how surprise can significantly increase calorie expenditure, with figures like 1158 calories for being discovered by a spouse. The reviewer, A.K. Grant, appreciates the book for bringing humour to a topic that can often be viewed through serious or dogmatic lenses, as seen in various societal perspectives, including those from certain religious groups and the radical lesbian movement. Grant argues that Smith's work serves a valuable purpose by challenging taboos surrounding sex, suggesting that if individuals from varied backgrounds can find joy in the book's humour, it could foster a healthier, more playful view of sex. Ultimately, the reviewer encourages the idea that recognising the humour in sex is a step towards understanding it as a natural and necessary part of life, rather than something burdened by societal pressures or guilt.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810207_2_111_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810207.2.111.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,350305200
7317,12,02,1981,"‘Gay’ Rights Group Unhappy With Commission (Press, 12 February 1981)","Members of the Christchurch Gay community expressed their dissatisfaction with the response they received from the Human Rights Commission regarding inquiries they submitted in January 1981 about gay rights. D. R. Bisman, the regional representative of the National Gay Rights Coalition, labelled the commission's replies as “a cop-out.” The Chief Human Rights Commissioner, P. J. Downey, had responded to approximately eight individuals who posed written questions, noting that the commission acknowledged their concerns. However, he stated that the matter would not be revisited as it was now in the Government's hands. Bisman argued that the response failed to address specific inquiries made by the group, which did not require reopening the case. The inquiries included whether Downey's religious beliefs influenced the decisions made in the commission's report and whether there was a consensus on those decisions. Additionally, the group sought clarification on a recommendation advocating for the removal of disparities in penalties for indecent acts between homosexuals and lesbians. Bisman expressed that the response was provocative, given the commission's awareness of the sentiments within the Gay community. He stated that the community had attempted to pursue their concerns through appropriate channels, but this had not yielded satisfactory results, leaving them with no choice but to consider direct action. While he mentioned the possibility of further approaches to the commission, he indicated that the response suggested a dead end. Consequently, the group was contemplating a civil disobedience campaign, though the specifics of the actions would depend on what individuals and groups chose to do. Bisman acknowledged the uncertainty regarding whether all of these actions would align with the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810212_2_122_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810212.2.122.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,350737200
5031,14,02,1981,"Thick Drizzle Hampers Cycling Meeting (Press, 14 February 1981)","On 14 February 1981, a cycling meeting at Denton Park faced challenging weather conditions with thick drizzle and cold temperatures that discouraged many spectators and participants. Despite these setbacks leading to smaller fields in both the amateur and professional races, the event continued with a series of competitions. The professional 8000-metre race was won by Terry Gyde, making it his third victory of the evening, as he had previously secured wins in the 400-metre and the “Devil take the hindmost” race. Gyde faced little competition after early withdrawals of rivals Steve Doherty and Russell Nant. Meanwhile, Tony Duder triumphed convincingly in the amateur 800-metre race as well. The evening's results were as follows: In the amateur A-grade 800-metre, C. R. Adair took first place with a time of 58.8 seconds, followed by A. J. Duder and K. W. Reid. In the B-grade 1000-metre, K. R. Steele emerged victorious with a time of 1:19.2 and in C-grade, H. G. Walton won with a slightly slower time of 1:19.7. Additional races included a 3200-metre A-grade where Adair again topped the field, and a senior team pursuit that saw the team of Reid, Lewis, Strang, and Flattery defeating the junior team. In professional races, Gyde also excelled in the A-grade 400-metre race with a time of 32 seconds. Other notable professional results included performances in various races, such as the open 3000-metre where Gyde also secured first place. The report also included details on a novice handicap race where S. R. Hendren won with a time of 1:32.2. In a separate story, British research worker Philip Judson announced plans to lead the first all-gay mountaineering expedition to the Himalayas. Judson, a member of a homosexual sports club in Cambridge, aims to establish a base camp at 5,400 metres in November for the four-week expedition to Nepal. He expressed the intent to challenge stereotypes about gay individuals, asserting they are more than just cultural clichés. However, he anticipated potential difficulties regarding the hiring of Sherpa guides and porters and sought advice on managing negotiations while maintaining a respectful and serious approach.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810214_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810214.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,350910000
5030,14,02,1981,"Waiter Admits Arson (Press, 14 February 1981)","An apprentice waiter named Philip Bruce Cline, aged 23, has been charged with causing a fatal fire at the Las Vegas Hilton Hotel, which resulted in the deaths of eight people. Cline informed police that the blaze was accidentally ignited when his marijuana cigarette set fire to the curtains in a lift lobby while he was engaged in a homosexual act with an acquaintance known only as ""Joe."" As a result, he faces eight counts of murder and one count of first-degree arson, with the possibility of capital punishment due to the severity of his actions in Nevada. Cline was denied bail by Justice of the Peace Earle White, with arrangements made for a probable cause hearing via closed-circuit television connecting Cline in jail and White at the court. Initially, Cline was the first to report the fire; however, authorities began to suspect him when they found inconsistencies in his account. Lieutenant John Connor explained that Cline underwent a lie-detector test, which he failed, prompting him to confess to starting the fire. The incident has raised alarms in the state, particularly after the recent major fire at the M.G.M. Grand Hotel in November 1980, which claimed 84 lives and injured nearly 700 people. In response, State Fire Marshal Tom Huddleston has called for a stricter fire safety code, advocating for mandatory sprinkler and alarm systems in public buildings exceeding two stories. His recommendations were discussed in a meeting of the Fire Safety Commission, established by Governor Bob List following the M.G.M. Grand tragedy. The ongoing concerns about fire safety in Las Vegas have intensified after this latest incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810214_2_59_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810214.2.59.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,350910000
5033,18,02,1981,"How To Go A Long Way On A Little Knowledge (Press, 18 February 1981)","William P. Clark's recent appointment as Deputy Secretary of State under President Ronald Reagan is underscored by a deep loyalty stemming from their past together, particularly during a scandal in 1967 that threatened Reagan's emerging political career. Clark had been instrumental in managing a crisis when allegations of homosexual activity amongst members of Reagan's executive staff surfaced, forcing their resignations. This incident was a significant test for Reagan, who was less than a year into his governorship in California, amidst whispers that could have derailed his ambition for higher office. Despite the ensuing media frenzy that hinted at a ""homosexual ring"" in his office, Reagan maintained his composure, refusing to disclose names to protect innocent families connected to the staff members. Ultimately, Reagan's standing remained intact, a fact largely attributed to Clark's adept handling of the situation, restoring order to a chaos-stricken office. Clark's contributions extended beyond crisis management; he developed the efficient ""mini-memo"" system that helped Reagan focus on critical issues quickly and return home to his wife by 5.30 PM. Clark's career trajectory took a notable turn following his pivotal role in stabilising Reagan's governance. He was appointed as a Superior Court judge, later ascending to a justice on the California Supreme Court. However, his ascent was marred by controversy due to his lack of formal legal education, having dropped out of both Stanford University and Loyola Law School. This background led to significant criticism, as many in the legal community questioned his qualifications. Despite this, he was championed by conservatives for his stances on legal issues and his willingness to confront the court's liberal majority. Over his eight years on the Supreme Court, Clark was often at odds with his colleagues, which resulted in noted discord, including a reprimand from Chief Justice Rose Elizabeth Bird after one particularly heated exchange. Legal professionals have characterised his time on the court as lacking distinction, citing a disparity in his judicial opinions that suggested he could not have authored certain decisions independently. Critics referred to his contributions as ""particularly undistinguished,"" reflecting skepticism about his legal prowess despite his affiliation with Reagan. Now, as Clark transitions into the realm of foreign policy, questions arise about his readiness for the role traditionally seen as central to U.S. diplomatic strategy. While his past relationship with Reagan signifies a loyalty that has been favoured over qualifications, the outlook on his effectiveness in managing international relations remains uncertain. As his confirmation progresses, there is keen interest in how both domestic and international stakeholders will respond to this appointment, alongside the consideration of Clark’s historical reliance on personal allegiance in lieu of demonstrable experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810218_2_105_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810218.2.105.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,351255600
5032,18,02,1981,"Law On Homosexuals Will Be Unchanged (Press, 18 February 1981)","On 18 February 1981, New Zealand's Minister of Justice, Mr McLay, announced that the Government would not amend the law to make discrimination against homosexuals illegal. This decision came after a recommendation from the Human Rights Commission which suggested that ""sexual orientation"" should not be included in the Human Rights Commission Act as a ground for discrimination. The commission had issued a report to Prime Minister Mr Muldoon following appeals from the National Gay Rights Coalition, which sought the inclusion of sexual orientation in the act. In addition to seeking legal recognition to prevent discrimination, the coalition had also proposed that the commission recommend reviewing sections of the Crimes Act related to sexual crimes, so that the laws would no longer differentiate between males and females. However, the Government rejected this recommendation as well. Mr McLay stated that the issue of homosexual law reform is a contentious one and primarily a matter of social policy, asserting that the Government does not view it simply as a technical legal issue. He pointed out that the Criminal Law Reform Committee is not tasked with advising on controversial social policy issues, which makes the current matter inappropriate for such a body. He emphasised that this subject is better suited for parliamentary discussion rather than being confined to the technical focus of law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810218_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810218.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,351255600
5034,21,02,1981,"Cable Briefs (Press, 21 February 1981)","Two deep-sea fishermen, Futoshi Taguchi (55) and Yasuhiro Takashima (35), have been rescued after being trapped for three days in an air pocket inside their small capsized boat, along with the bodies of four friends. The incident occurred while they were aboard the vessel Eifuxul iMarti, which capsized in rough seas. After one man was saved from a liferaft shortly after the accident, eight bodies were subsequently recovered from the water. Taguchi and Takashima were discovered when divers inspecting the upturned boat, which had been towed to a port near Nagasaki, heard faint cries for help. Taguchi was reported to be suffering from pneumonia, while Takashima was in a state of complete exhaustion. In other news, Paul McCartney announced that he is relocating to the eastern Caribbean island of Montserrat to seek a new life following the death of his former bandmate John Lennon. McCartney expressed concern about the dangers of fame after Lennon was shot and killed outside his New York apartment on 8 December 1980. He arrived in Montserrat a week prior with his wife, Linda, and their three children for a recording session at a studio owned by former Beatles producer George Martin. McCartney stated his desire to maintain a low profile for the sake of his family, contrasting it with the high profile that ultimately led to Lennon’s tragic fate. Additionally, a 23-year-old man, Philip Bruce Cline, has been formally charged with first-degree arson and eight counts of murder in connection with a devastating fire at the Las Vegas Hilton Hotel. The incident, which occurred the previous week, resulted in the deaths of eight individuals, seven from asphyxiation and one from injuries sustained when he jumped from a hotel window. The District Attorney's office dismissed Cline's claim that the fire was accidental, allegedly sparked during a homosexual act near an eighth-floor elevator. Furthermore, the Soviet Navy has positioned ships outside Mozambique’s two main ports in response to a South African commando raid near the capital, Maputo, which took place on 30 January 1981. This naval presence is seen as a demonstration of support for Mozambique, as stated by Portuguese State radio, and is linked to a 1977 cooperation and friendship treaty between the Soviet Union and Mozambique, suggesting that the nation can rely on Soviet assistance in the event of further South African incursions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810221_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810221.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,351514800
6649,24,02,1981,"Lesbian Group Says Report Badly Flawed (Press, 24 February 1981)","On 24 February 1981, the Lesbian Legal Advisory Committee in Wellington submitted a petition to the Governor-General, requesting the dismissal of the current human rights commissioners and the invalidation of a recent report concerning gay rights. The committee contended that the report was inadequately reasoned, flawed, and grounded in a misunderstanding of the Human Rights Commission Act. In their legal case, the committee argued that the commission mishandled the issues presented to it. They specifically claimed that the commission failed to sufficiently define ""status"" in asserting that homosexuality could not be classified as such according to the Shorter Oxford Dictionary. Furthermore, the committee highlighted a lack of transparency from the commission regarding any research conducted on homosexuality that might support its conclusions. In addition to addressing the Governor-General, the committee also appealed to the Minister of Justice, Mr McLay, asking him to consult his department on the arguments they presented in their petition and to express his agreement or disagreement with their analysis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810224_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810224.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,351774000
5035,25,02,1981,"Youth Imprisoned For Extortion (Press, 25 February 1981)","A 19-year-old from Blenheim was sentenced to 18 months in jail for extortion in the High Court at Blenheim. Murray John Wilson pleaded guilty to charges of extorting $500 and $200 from a local businessman by threatening to expose a past homosexual relationship between them. The extortion allegations surfaced after the businessman reached out to the police, revealing that he had been blackmailed by Wilson over a period of three years. Justice O'Regan noted that such offences are rare in New Zealand, stating that while they may occur, they seldom come to public attention. He referred to the behaviour as blackmail, highlighting its serious implications. The court denied a suppression order for Wilson's name but granted one for the name of the complainant.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810225_2_34_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810225.2.34.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,351860400
5036,26,02,1981,"Ah, California!—marches To Its Own Tempo (Press, 26 February 1981)","In an article published on 26 February 1981, John Hutchison describes the multifaceted and dynamic nature of California, portraying it as a state that embodies contradictions such as violence and tolerance, progressivism and reactionism, while being both lavish and hardworking. Hutchison suggests that California stands apart from the rest of the United States, often seen as a trendsetter that shapes American culture, from fashion and food to key social movements. The piece highlights California's impact on various national issues, including the fight against nuclear power, the successful unionisation of farm workers, and its history concerning Japanese-American internment during World War II. Hutchison notes that a significant portion of the American population resides in California, with projections suggesting that by the 21st century, potentially half of the U.S. population could live there. This population growth is attributed to a steady influx of newcomers, ranging from domestic migrants to various immigrants and refugees. Hutchison also mentions the historical and cultural implications of California’s development, likening it to an insular entity that may one day separate from the mainland, echoing past cartographic myths. The state's diversity is highlighted as a source of pride, with a variety of ethnicities and backgrounds represented in prominent political positions, contrasting with the more traditional American narrative. Geographically, California boasts extensive natural resources, including forests and beaches, and is marked by a vibrant economy stemming from industries based in both northern and southern regions of the state. The state has a cultural landscape that includes Hollywood as a leading force in media and entertainment, as well as notable academic institutions like the University of California, which has produced many Nobel laureates. Additionally, the piece discusses how California’s pioneering social legislation often leads the way for national reforms, showcasing its progressive stance on environmental issues and individual rights. However, it also acknowledges the darker elements of California's history, including cultural upheavals and racial tensions. Hutchison notes the political landscape of California has resulted in a unique representation at the national level, highlighting former Governor Earl Warren as a significant figure in American jurisprudence. The emergence of Ronald Reagan as President also signifies a shift in the representation of California, presenting a more conservative image compared to the liberalism often associated with the state. Ultimately, Hutchison concludes that while Reagan's presidency may influence national governance, California will likely continue to maintain its own distinct rhythm and character, indifferent to whether the rest of the country follows its lead. California, he suggests, embodies a unique spirit, always marching to its own tempo.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810226_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810226.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,351946800
7087,02,03,1981,"Information Sought (Press, 2 March 1981)","On 2 March 1981, Mr White, representing The New Zealand Shareholders Co-operative, addressed the secretary of New Zealand Land Securities regarding a proposed takeover of the company by a private entity. He urged for the disclosure of additional information, reiterating details already published in the company’s annual reports. Mr White emphasised the need to ensure shareholders have adequate information to assess the fairness of the takeover offer. In his letter, Mr White outlined several key points. First, he noted that shareholders' funds as of 30 June 1980 were reported at $824,491, equating to 2 cents per share. However, a note in the 1980 accounts indicated a market value of the company’s land and operations at approximately $752,380,000, significantly higher than the balance sheet value. He argued that if this surplus were allocated to all shareholders, the estimated value of shares would increase to 41 cents. Furthermore, acknowledging 45 percent of the $375,000 in agreed tax losses with the Inland Revenue would add another $170,000 to the overall funds, raising the share value to around 47 cents. Mr White expressed concern over the poor treatment of shareholders, exemplified by the substantial reduction in face value of shares from 50 cents to 25 cents due to considerable losses from property sales. He highlighted that during the last annual general meeting, it was mentioned that a profit of approximately $20,000 might be expected for the first half of the current fiscal year, which could signal a shift to consistent profitability. He urged that this potential for future profit should be factored into any evaluation of the company's true value. He also expressed dissatisfaction regarding the complexity of the financial statements, remarking that the numerous reserves and provisions made understanding the accounts quite difficult. Responses to shareholder inquiries during the previous meeting were not satisfactory, leaving a sense of confusion about the company’s operations. Mr White described the financial situation as resembling a ""dense jungle,"" implying a lack of clarity. While he acknowledged the valuation of shareholder funds at 47 cents per share could only be an approximation, he insisted that the underlying factors were concrete. He strongly recommended that shareholders demand an independent, current valuation of all company properties to accurately compare this against any takeover proposal, a process he suggested should involve professional appraisers. In summary, Mr White’s letter highlighted the concerns of shareholders regarding the proposed takeover, urging for transparency and comprehensive valuation of the company's assets to ensure an informed decision-making process for all stakeholders involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810302_2_101_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810302.2.101.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,352296000
7088,03,03,1981,"California (Press, 3 March 1981)","In a letter to the editor published on 3 March 1981, W.H. Carls from San Diego, California, responds to an article by John Hutchison titled ""Ah, California."" Carls highlights a significant omission in the article: President Ronald Reagan is only the second U.S. President to have been elected from California, following Richard Nixon, who was the first. Carls points out that Nixon's connections to California include his birth in Anaheim, his role as a Congressman from the state, and his tenure as Vice President under Dwight D. Eisenhower. He also notes that Nixon's unsuccessful campaign for the Governorship of California against John F. Kennedy is a part of his political history. Through his letter, Carls argues that the Reagan Administration is reflective of ""establishment"" California, contrasting it with the more flamboyant aspects of the state, such as the hippie culture, the LGBTQ+ community, and other groups that attract media attention. He acknowledges California as an imperfect place but expresses a sense of belonging and anticipation for returning there, emphasising his fondness for the state despite its complexities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810303_2_114_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810303.2.114.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,352382400
5037,04,03,1981,"“Policemen Worry About Me,” But Bob Moodie Dresses... (Press, 4 March 1981)","On 4 March 1981, an article by Helen Brown featured Bob Moodie, secretary of the New Zealand Police Association, who is noted for his unconventional choice of clothing—specifically, his vibrant caftans. Moodie asserted that, while walking through Wellington, he attracted significant attention, sometimes leading to derisive comments similar to those he might encounter in Sydney. He relayed that wearing a caftan is not just about fashion but serves as his trademark, and he has chosen to embrace this attire for about four years after initially starting with a nightshirt. Moodie described the challenges of dressing differently, often considering public perception when shopping for fabrics. He enjoys wearing skirts and dresses, preferring colours like yellow and green over the dull shades dominating the current men's fashion scene. He emphasised that dressing boldly is a form of self-expression, offering a counter to traditional masculine portrayals, stating that ""men build their lives around images of self-importance"" and asserting that the societal expectations of masculinity can be detrimental. He emphasised that he largely ignores negative comments, seeing them as reflections of the speakers rather than himself. Raised on a farm near Oamaru, Moodie feels a connection with the community despite its size, and he is recognised in New Zealand and Australia, where he saves his most vibrant caftans for public outings. Moodie expressed a desire for underwear options that incorporate more feminine elements, highlighting the restrictive nature of traditional men’s fashion. He claims that wearers of caftans, including himself, often find it liberating, despite potential backlash from peers. While he notes that not all policemen support his choice of attire, he feels a strong sense of acceptance from others within the police force. Regarding his views on sexual orientation, Moodie stated that while he supports rights for homosexual relationships, he opposes them being granted legal protection as this could exacerbate existing tensions between different sexual orientations. He believes that clothing should be an expression of individuality and that past societal norms permitted more variation in men's fashion, which should be embraced again. The article highlighted a contrasting encounter when a photographer sought to capture him among the public, resulting in discomfort for some onlookers, as evidenced by a man's hostile reaction towards being photographed with Moodie. This incident underscored the ongoing challenges faced by individuals who dare to express themselves differently in society. Overall, Moodie’s story encapsulates themes of personal freedom, societal expectations, and the courage to defy conventional norms through one’s appearance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810304_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810304.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,352468800
5038,10,03,1981,"Census Extends To Gays (Press, 10 March 1981)","On 10 March 1981, it was reported that New Zealand's Statistics Department informed the National Gay Rights Coalition that individuals could identify their homosexual or lesbian relationships in the upcoming census on 24 March 1981. The department advised that gay male and lesbian couples should denote their status as ""lesbian/gay couple relationship"" in response to the marital status question on the census form. This announcement sparked a significant dialogue within the gay rights community, particularly highlighted by the coalition's convener, Mr Kevin Green. Green expressed that despite the sizable lesbian and gay male population being comparable to that of the Māori population, the Statistics Department had not previously acknowledged their existence in official demographics. The announcement was seen as a step forward, with Green emphasising the importance of visibility for the LGBTQ+ community in national statistics. He noted that if a substantial number of respondents used the new designation for marital status, it could prompt the inclusion of this option in future forms for the 1986 census. This development marked a pivotal moment for recognition and representation of gay and lesbian relationships in New Zealand's official records.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810310_2_150_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810310.2.150.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,352987200
6905,10,03,1981,"Court Actor Goes Solo (Press, 10 March 1981)","Bryan Aitken, an actor and associate director at The Court Theatre in Christchurch, has taken a significant step in his career by transitioning to freelance acting and directing after four years with the theatre company. Aitken, known for his memorable role as a transvestite in ""Damnee Manon, Sacree Sandra"", is now looking for diverse opportunities in the performing arts, including directing and performing in various productions. In early 1981, he left his position to pursue freelancing, a bold move considering the limited television and advertising work available in Christchurch and his responsibilities as a family man. To support himself during this transitional period, he has secured a retaining grant from the Southern Regional Arts Council, which will help fund his work with local amateur theatre groups. This year, Aitken has already landed a role as an aggressive photographer in the film ""Bad Blood"" and is set to star in the Christchurch Operatic Society’s production of ""Half a Sixpence."" He expressed his eagerness for this role despite not having sung or danced in a decade, stating he began running in November 1980 to prepare for the demands of the performance. Aitken's career in theatre began in the 1960s with amateur societies in Christchurch. After spending 18 months in Britain, he returned to New Zealand, joining the Southern Theatre Trust in Dunedin and later working in the Broadcasting Corporation's radiodrama department as an actor, script reader, and director. In 1974, he returned to Christchurch to help establish The Court Theatre, where he became the associate director in 1976, taking on various administrative responsibilities and contributing to the theatre’s development. During his tenure, he witnessed The Court Theatre grow from a small company with five full-time actors to one employing 30 people with an annual turnover approaching $500,000. He credited this growth to the rising standards and opportunities within New Zealand theatre. The decision for him to leave his associate director position stemmed from a restructuring by The Court Theatre Trust Board aimed at infusing new ideas and talents into the organisation. Aitken hopes to eventually return to The Court Theatre after a year of freelancing, with the possibility of gaining further experience at different theatre companies in the interim. His journey reflects the evolving landscape of theatre in New Zealand and the personal ambitions of artists seeking to carve their own paths in the performing arts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810310_2_150_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810310.2.150.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,352987200
5039,13,03,1981,"The Moral Majority Takes Aim At U.S. ‘gay’... (Press, 13 March 1981)","A significant ideological battle is brewing in the United States, spearheaded by the Moral Majority, a prominent faction of the Christian right. Founded by Virginia television preacher Jerry Falwell, this political action committee has aggressively campaigned against liberal congress members and seeks to roll back social changes established since the 1960s. The group proposes a range of initiatives aimed at restricting abortion rights, banning homosexuality, enforcing biblical teachings in education, and regulating media content that it deems sinful. The Moral Majority is particularly focused on San Francisco, a city identified by its leaders as the nation's ""gay capital,"" where over 100,000 residents are believed to be homosexual. Falwell’s movement has labelled the city as “Sodom and Gomorrah,” initiating a $3 million campaign to galvanise heterosexual opposition against the LGBTQ+ community. This initiative has raised concerns among gay leaders, who acknowledge their political strength but fear the potential for increased anti-gay sentiment and violence, already exacerbated by recent incidents. Notably, the Moral Majority has gained political traction, believed to have influenced Ronald Reagan's ascent to the presidency. Such influence is reflected in proposed legislation like the Family Protection Act, which would legalise discrimination against homosexuals, require parental notification for minors seeking contraceptives or abortions, and prevent federal oversight in corporal punishment cases. Despite the group's growing power, their actions often provoke counter-narratives. For example, antics by groups such as the ""Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence,"" a group of gay activists in San Francisco, reflects a growing cultural clash. Recent events included a provocative protest against the exclusion of a gay student organisation, culminating in a humorous yet contentious encounter with real nuns. On a broader scale, within states like Indiana and Maryland, the Moral Majority is pushing for laws allowing physical discipline of children and regulating what they consider inappropriate baked goods, reflecting their intentions to intertwine personal morality with government policy. In California, a recent child abuse law mandates that doctors report the sexual activity of unmarried patients under 18, prompting resistance from medical professionals who deem it impractical. The Moral Majority's crusade has alarmed many mainstream religious leaders, who fear a slide into a form of Christian authoritarianism, reminiscent of more radical groups. Concerns are also shared by Jewish communities, with leaders noting a troubling uptick in antisemitism concurrent with the rising influence of Christian fundamentalism. This sentiment is echoed by black leaders, who observe a resurgence of intolerance linked to the growing membership of racist organizations. Overall, the Moral Majority's influence is reshaping political landscapes, mobilising extensive financial and grassroots resources to challenge prevailing liberal ideologies and push for a America rooted in traditional, conservative Christian values. The group's decisive actions during the November elections have cemented their status as a formidable force in American politics, pledging to counter any opposition to their agenda.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810313_2_87_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810313.2.87.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,353246400
5040,14,03,1981,"And Now ... Strip-a-gram (Press, 14 March 1981)","In a quirky development in New York, a new service called Strip-a-Grams is gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional singing telegrams. The company, which has been in operation for just four months, offers a unique way to send greetings by dispatching performers dressed as various characters, including office workers and party guests. Owners Gregory Fibble and Gary Blumsack have announced plans to expand the business, with franchises set to open soon in cities like Boston, Los Angeles, Chicago, and even London. The service, which delivers between 35 to 60 Strip-a-Grams weekly, provides entertainment primarily for parties and offices. When delivering greetings, the performers, who are a mix of men and women, do not fully undress and do not offer sexual services, maintaining a focus on burlesque that is described as fun, classy, and clean. The performers are primarily actors and dancers looking to earn some extra money. Noteworthy incidents have already occurred since the service began. One performer, equipped with a fake resume stating she studied at Harvard, was even offered a job during her interview before she began her performance. Another delivery was made during a stock exchange session, causing trading to halt for 15 minutes. Strip-a-Grams have also reached hospitals and homes, bringing joy to patients recovering from illnesses. Precautions are taken to ensure the comfort and safety of all involved; for instance, if a performer is sent to a hospital room with a patient who might be at risk, they carefully investigate the surrounding environment to avoid any liability issues. The business also caters to different audiences by offering GayGrams for homosexual customers, in addition to combinations of male and female strippers or same-sex pairs. For those wanting more extensive entertainment, a full burlesque routine featuring three to five strippers is available for an undisclosed price. Overall, Strip-a-Grams depict a creative twist on delivering birthday wishes or other greetings, exemplifying a light-hearted approach to entertainment that is beginning to capture the attention of New Yorkers and beyond.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810314_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810314.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,353332800
5041,14,03,1981,"Creating And Recording (Press, 14 March 1981)","The review focuses on two short story collections published by Victor Gollancz in 1980: ""Poona Company"" by Farrukh Dhondy and ""Birds of Prey"" by Terence de Vere White. ""Poona Company"" consists of nine stories set in a bazaar in Poona, India, capturing the diverse life observed through the eyes of boyhood. Central characters include Kolmi, a bookmaker, and Samson, a Parsee who carries corpses to be eaten by vultures, reflecting on the enduring British influence in India. The narratives explore nostalgic feelings towards the British Raj, showcasing an eagerness for government positions and the necessity of passing examinations, emphasising a blend of tradition and change. In contrast, ""Birds of Prey,"" White's third collection, features twelve stories that delve into human vulnerabilities through sophisticated and elegant prose. One notable story, ""Talking in a Train,"" portrays a homosexual man grappling with loss as he meets another man who shows him kindness during a train journey. Another story, ""Lily Coe,"" narrates the struggles of an Irish servant vying for her young master's affection, illustrating the intensity of personal relationships. The collection is marked by its satirical approach, particularly in examining the pretensions of a couple who unknowingly undermine themselves. While both Dhondy and White focus on character-driven narratives, their methods differ significantly. Dhondy presents character reactions to various situations, while White explores thoughts and emotions through nuanced dialogue, providing a deeper development of characters. This results in a rich atmospheric texture in White's stories, contrasting with Dhondy's more straightforward approach to storytelling. Ultimately, both collections are hailed as fine works, each showcasing distinct styles and thematic explorations of human experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810314_2_106_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810314.2.106.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,353332800
6906,16,03,1981,"‘Dressed To Kill’ — Stylised Terror (Press, 16 March 1981)","On 16 March 1981, the film ""Dressed to Kill,"" directed and written by Brian De Palma, was reviewed, highlighting its blend of eroticism and terror. The movie begins with a strikingly sensual shower scene featuring Angie Dickinson, portraying a neurotic woman seeking sexual fulfilment. This introduction leads the audience to expect a conventional sleazy narrative; however, it quickly transforms into a sophisticated thriller, richly textured and stylised. De Palma, known for his homage to Alfred Hitchcock, particularly nods to ""Psycho"" with elements such as a chilling shower scene and the presence of a transvestite killer. The film shifts from the traditional Gothic horror setting to a modern, open New York, proving that fear can lurk in vibrant, urban environments just as much as in isolated places. The film’s early sequences, set in the art museum, are particularly noteworthy, as they communicate tension without dialogue, instead relying on ambient sounds and the unnerving gaze of framed eyes that seem to follow Dickinson’s character. Accompanied by Pino Donaggio's hauntingly effective score, the audience becomes engrossed, only realising that thirty minutes have passed before significant action commences. When terror does strike, De Palma executes it masterfully, crafting at least three sequences that keep viewers on edge while balancing these moments with calmer, often humorous interludes. Although Dickinson’s character is not present throughout the entire film, she leaves a lingering impact, while Michael Caine delivers a strong performance as her composed psychiatrist. Dickinson, at 44, is depicted as stunning and voluptuous, and Caine, at 47, retains a unique charisma reminiscent of his role in ""Alfie."" Nancy Allen, De Palma’s wife, plays a streetwise hooker embroiled in the film's central mystery, exhibiting both vulnerability and resilience. Keith Gordon rounds out the cast as Dickinson’s son, providing a charming portrayal of a boy fascinated with technology. Dennis Franz appears as a detective attempting to navigate his way through the case, reflecting the comedic undertones present throughout the film. Despite any perceived plot inconsistencies, ""Dressed to Kill"" is described as an enjoyable journey. It marks the seventh film by De Palma, who has made a name for himself in the horror genre with previous works such as ""Sisters,"" ""Carrie,"" and ""The Fury."" While comparisons are drawn to another contemporary horror film, ""The Shining,"" the review concludes that while ""The Shining"" is a stronger overall film, ""Dressed to Kill"" promises a thrilling experience specifically within the horror category. The anticipation for De Palma's future projects is evident, indicating the director’s growing influence in the genre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810316_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810316.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,353505600
5042,17,03,1981,"Kirk Book This Week (Press, 17 March 1981)","""Diary of the Kirk Years,"" authored by Ms Margaret Hayward, the former private secretary and neighbour of Mr Norman Kirk, recounts the last 34 months of his life. Set to be published by A. H. and A. W. Reed and officially launched on 19 March 1981, the book is designed to be a condensed version of Mr Kirk's experiences and viewpoints from late 1971 until his passing in August 1974. The publisher noted that New Zealand’s defamation law significantly limited the content that could be included, resulting in the publication being a non-controversial account devoid of much historically relevant material. Originally, the manuscript exceeded 250,000 words, but the final version spans 319 pages. The book is expected to provide insights into Mr Kirk's role as Prime Minister, particularly regarding the Labour Government’s stance against French nuclear testing in the Pacific, the ban on the Springbok rugby tour in 1973, and his refusal to reform legislation related to homosexuality and abortion. Additionally, it may shed light on his rigid approach to militant unions and provide context for his concerns about the Security Intelligence Service's activities, along with his scepticism towards the Communist Party and his efforts to distance the Labour Party from the Socialist Action League. The diaries are anticipated to include evaluations of political figures, including those within his own Cabinet and leaders from the National Party. Notably, the late Dr W. B. Sutch, who was implicated in a spying scandal shortly after Mr Kirk’s death, is mentioned, and the book is expected to feature discussions between Mr Kirk and Dr Sutch. Hayward, who meticulously documented various events and Mr Kirk’s reactions, reveals that Mr Kirk had always intended to write his memoirs and had enlisted her assistance in doing so. Alongside political insights, the book is expected to explore Mr Kirk’s personality, highlighting his charisma, insecurities, health struggles, strong commitment to social justice, and views regarding religion and family. This blend of personal and political narratives aims to give the book a biographical essence, providing readers with a comprehensive look at a significant figure in New Zealand's political history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810317_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810317.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,353592000
7665,18,03,1981,"Iran Having Second Thoughts About’ Revolution (Press, 18 March 1981)","The American embassy compound in Tehran, previously intended to serve as a hostel for victims of the Iranian revolution and ensuing war, remains deserted, signalling a shift towards pragmatism among Iran’s rulers. This change, previously obscured by the focus on the American hostages and British Anglican prisoners, is partly marked by Ayatollah Khomeiny's decision to prohibit the Martyrs Organisation from moving into the embassy. Khomeiny continues to advocate for the revolution's purported aim of aiding the poor, which is reflected in ongoing efforts by youth volunteers, reminiscent of the US Peace Corps, who are actively engaged in building essential infrastructure in impoverished areas. The political landscape in Iran is evolving, with a noticeable decrease in purges of ""unIslamic"" officials and the establishment of new judicial rules that require capital sentences to receive review by the Supreme Court, effectively curtailing the previous culture of summary executions. However, executions for moral offences persist, although at a reduced frequency. As the initial coalition of revolutionary forces begins to fragment, internal strife among clerical factions is observed. The Islamic Republic Party (IRP), which dominates state institutions, does not enjoy unanimous support among the clergy, with divisions evident, particularly between those advocating for a more pastoral role for religious leadership, led by Ayatollah Shariatmadari, and the IRP's demands for political influence. Underlying this power struggle is President Bani-Sadr’s faction, which seeks to advance a moderate agenda, though it faces opposition from the IRP and groups who resort to violence against progressive elements. The emergence of political pluralism, characterised by public discourse and distribution of political pamphlets, signifies a notable shift from the previous regime’s oppressive atmosphere. While Bani-Sadr lacks a formal party, the Iranian Liberation Movement offers embryonic opposition to the IRP's grip on power. The Majlis is exploring the facilitation of political parties that align with Islamic tenets, with potential inclusion of the Tudeh (Communist) Party amongst others, despite some leftist factions remaining outlawed. A significant factor looming over Iran’s political future is Ayatollah Khomeiny's health. His potential demise raises concerns regarding succession and the ambiguity surrounding the selection of a new leader, which could instigate a period of turmoil. Ayatollah Mohammad Montazeri is being proposed by the IRP, although questions remain about his suitability to lead. In contrast, Ayatollah Seyyed Beheshti, currently a pivotal figure due to his dual role as Chief Justice and IRP secretary, is recognised for his potential leadership qualities. The resistance from Bani-Sadr's supporters may lead to a deadlock in leadership succession, amplifying fears of chaos, which could either invite a military intervention or benefit exiled groups, although support for the latter is notably lacking after their prior stance during the Iran-Iraq War.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810318_2_108_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810318.2.108.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,353678400
5044,26,03,1981,"Charter Promotes Family Life (Press, 26 March 1981)","On 26 March 1981, the Family Rights Association announced its plan to present a charter to the New Zealand Parliament that advocates for principles aimed at promoting a ""sound family life."" The charter, developed by the 500-member organisation, seeks to counteract what they perceive as the detrimental effects of the Working Women’s Charter by advocating traditional family values and marriage standards. The charter consists of 15 clauses and defines a family as a legally married husband and wife with children. It explicitly states that no official recognition should be afforded to de facto or homosexual relationships, although it acknowledges the need for support for dependent wives and children from such unions. One of its more controversial assertions is that any deviation from traditional sexual norms is considered a deviation from divine design. In line with this belief, the charter stipulates that proponents of homosexuality and similar non-traditional identities should be barred from teaching in schools. The association's president, Mr G. J. Hart, firmly stated that parents should maintain the right to exclude homosexual educators from schools, emphasising a parental prerogative to reject such influences on their children. Additionally, the charter calls for a ban on abortion and advocates for addressing the root causes that may lead to it, namely fear, poverty, and ignorance. The members argue against the use of public funds to support free contraceptive, sterilisation, and abortion services. They strongly criticise legislation that permits services for children under the age of 16 without parental consent, labelling it a ""subversion of parental authority."" The charter also touches on economic policies, proposing that health services should be made more affordable, along with calls for lower taxation and tax deductions for various family-related expenses such as medical, dental, educational, and home mortgage costs. It suggests the introduction of a maternity allowance and an inflation-indexed family benefit to support families economically. Mr D. M. J. Jones, the member of Parliament for Helensville, supported the association's efforts, stating the importance of family life in an era where social responsibilities could be easily neglected in favour of ""soft options."" He affirmed that the family charter serves as a vital framework for outlining principles that would uphold and promote a respectable family life in New Zealand. Overall, the Family Rights Association's charter is a significant assertion of traditional family values, advocating against contemporary social norms and legislation that they believe undermine the traditional family structure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810326_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810326.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,354369600
5043,26,03,1981,"Labour M.P. ‘was A Soviet Spy’ (Press, 26 March 1981)","On 26 March 1981, the London ""Daily Mail"" published allegations concerning Tom Driberg, a former chairman of the Labour Party and a long-serving Member of Parliament, claiming he was a double agent for both British intelligence (MIS) and the Soviet K.G.B. The report, authored by veteran defence correspondent Chapman Pincher, asserted that Driberg supplied information about his acquaintances in Parliament to both agencies throughout his political life. Driberg, who was a member of Parliament from 1942 until 1974 and became a life peer just before his death in 1976, chaired the Labour Party from 1957 to 1958 and was part of its national executive for 23 years. The allegations were part of a broader scrutiny of Britain's intelligence community, with Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher intending to address them in the House of Commons amidst a series of post-war scandals involving intelligence agencies. Pincher's claims also included a prior allegation that Sir Roger Hollis, who served as Director-General of MIS from 1956 to 1965, was a top-level Soviet agent. These new revelations were drawn from Pincher’s upcoming book, ""Their Trade is Treachery"", which was set to be published soon, with extracts already being featured in the ""Daily Mail."" According to the report, Driberg received financial compensation for his intelligence contributions and was often shielded from legal repercussions concerning his homosexuality, which had been legalised in 1969. He faced an indecent assault charge in 1935 but was acquitted. Moreover, it was claimed that he was repeatedly caught engaging in homosexual acts but avoided prosecution by invoking MIS protection. While Pincher indicated that Driberg was not privy to state secrets like Hollis, he noted that Driberg used his flat for sexual liaisons with other Parliament members, collecting information that could be potential blackmail material for the K.G.B. This surveillance formed part of MIS's file on Parliament members of concern. Driberg, who was openly homosexual and authored a frank autobiography titled ""Ruling Passions,"" reflected on his early pursuits of homosexual experiences as well as his life choices, including a marriage in 1951 which did not indicate any heterosexual relations. He passed away at 71 years old before finalising his manuscript. Driberg's career also included notable journalism work for the ""Daily Express,"" where he created the gossip column under the name William Hickey.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810326_2_67_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810326.2.67.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,354369600
7089,07,04,1981,"India (Press, 7 April 1981)","A letter to the editor from Gloria Neale, published on 7 April 1981, addresses an article by Glenn Haszard titled ""The City of Dreadful Night."" Neale criticises Haszard for mistakenly identifying Calcutta as the city referenced by Rudyard Kipling, arguing instead that it is Lahore that is the correct subject. She suggests that readers look to Louis Cornell's book, ""Kipling in India,"" for clarification on the origins of this phrase, noting its availability at the Canterbury Public Library. Neale's letter aims to rectify what she perceives as a misunderstanding in Haszard's interpretation of Kipling's work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810407_2_90_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810407.2.90.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,355406400
5045,21,04,1981,"Courts ‘anti-homosexual’ (Press, 21 April 1981)","At a Gay Rights national conference held at Victoria University in April 1981, Diane Wilson, spokeswoman for the Lesbian Advisory Committee, highlighted the significant discrimination faced by lesbians and gay men in child custody cases. Wilson noted that courts often expected homosexuals to regard their orientation as detrimental to their children's welfare. She pointed out that some judges rationalised denying custody or imposing discriminatory conditions by suggesting that it was in the best interest of the child to avoid any potential influence from a homosexual environment. This reasoning effectively used children as pawns in a broader social and legal disapproval of homosexuality. Wilson further explained that judges displayed anti-homosexual biases by assuming that gay individuals were incapable of providing a nurturing environment suitable for children. She expressed concern that such attitudes reinforced societal prejudices and undermined the rights of lesbian and gay parents. Alison Laurie, also addressing the conference, echoed Wilson's sentiments, stressing that New Zealand lagged behind many other countries regarding the rights afforded to homosexuals. She advocated for ongoing civil disobedience by the gay community while encouraging them to demonstrate their commitment to civic and national responsibilities. Laurie suggested that gay individuals could engage in community-focused initiatives, such as organising entertainment for vulnerable groups, establishing a national blood donation scheme, and enhancing public spaces through tree planting. She argued that these actions would illustrate the community’s concern for the well-being of all New Zealanders, rather than solely for their own rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810421_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810421.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,356616000
5046,21,04,1981,"Gays Take Tour Stand (Press, 21 April 1981)","The National Gay Rights Conference, held in Wellington over the weekend, has called for the cancellation of the Springbok tour. This decision reflects widespread support among lesbians and homosexual men for other oppressed minority groups globally. Wayne Cartledge, the conference spokesman, articulated that the conference's stance aligns with the notion of solidarity against oppression. Additionally, the conference endorsed a resolution motivating lesbian and homosexual men to participate in the May mobilisation against the tour, indicating a unified front against perceived injustices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810421_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810421.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,356616000
5047,23,04,1981,"Gay Rights Group To Pressure N.Z.? (Press, 23 April 1981)","On 23 April 1981, Kevin Green, the co-ordinator of the National Gay Rights Coalition of New Zealand, revealed that an international group of lesbian and homosexual activists is planning to exert pressure on New Zealand legislators through the nation's trading partners. This move comes as part of a broader effort from the International Association of Lesbians and Gay Men, which is exploring ways to influence the New Zealand Government by engaging less repressive governments involved in trade negotiations. During the coalition’s annual meeting held in Wellington, Green reported that New Zealand's lesbian and gay community is gaining global support in their struggle against the denial of fundamental human rights. A telegram outlining this support was received from the association during its annual conference in Rome, highlighting the international solidarity for New Zealand's activists. Green also referred to comments made by the Minister of Justice, Mr McLay, who, two months prior, suggested that lesbians and gay men should launch a unified political campaign to effectively advocate for their rights in Parliament. This context of growing international awareness and local pressure reflects an increasing momentum for the movement seeking to address issues of discrimination and human rights for the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810423_2_102_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810423.2.102.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,356788800
5048,24,04,1981,"Captain Denies Murder (Press, 24 April 1981)","An Army captain named Anthony Elliott Cremer is currently on trial for the murder of his New Zealand friend, Anthony James Burke, in Brisbane. Cremer, aged 31, has pleaded not guilty to the charges. Burke, aged 53 at the time of his death, was found deceased at the base of Mount Cordeaux, about 120 km west of Brisbane, on 26 July 1979. During the trial on 24 April 1981, Cremer testified that he was aware of Burke's threats to expose him as a homosexual but believed Burke would not follow through with them. Cremer stated that he had known Burke well enough to understand that these threats were not serious. He speculated that Burke might have felt jealousy over Cremer's boarding arrangements with another man, but discussions between the two had since become amicable. Despite some differences typical in friendships, Cremer expressed that his affection for Burke remained strong and that their relationship did not deteriorate prior to Burke's death. Cremer dismissed the suggestion that fear of exposure led him to murder Burke as ""ludicrous"". He further revealed that he only learned after Burke's death that he was the primary beneficiary in Burke's will. The trial is presided over by Justice Matthews, and proceedings are expected to continue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810424_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810424.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,356875200
7731,28,04,1981,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 28 April 1981)","A school is a collective entity that extends beyond its current students, encompassing a wealth of historical items associated with its past. This notion is particularly relevant as Christchurch Boys’ High School prepares to celebrate its centennial. Organisers are actively seeking memorabilia, including old straw boater hats, sports equipment, cups, medals, photographs, and school magazines, which will be loaned for the occasion. This initiative aims to help reminisce with over 3000 former pupils who will gather next week, rekindling memories from their time at the school. One notable contribution comes from a former pupil, Mr William Deans, who, at 90 years old, has lent a Bible he received from his house master in 1907. Mr Deans carried the Bible with him throughout the First World War, including during his injury at Gallipoli, thus adding a significant historical context to the collection. In a lighter tale, a gnome named Cedric disappeared from the front lawn of a Christchurch flat belonging to members of a local football club. After his absence, he was found in photographs taken across Australia, showcasing him at iconic locations such as the Sydney Opera House and Bondi Beach. Upon his return, Cedric was discovered with a brown face and sunglasses, a testament to his sun-soaked adventure down under. Meanwhile, a Wellington radio station, 2YD, has made strides in inclusivity by providing Cambodian language broadcasts through its “Access Radio” programme. This effort aims to serve the small Cambodian refugee community in New Zealand, and discussions are underway for a potential service dedicated to the Vietnamese community, which has grown to over 500 individuals in the South Island, indicating a significant demand for such programming. In Melbourne, police are controversially proposing to prune some of the city’s historic ornamental trees to enhance security for Commonwealth ministers and officials travelling to the Commonwealth Conference in September. This plan, which involves the installation of $750,000 worth of police television security monitors, has met with discontent from city planners, who argue that the 80-year-old elm trees might not survive the pruning. One planner suggested that if the police are so concerned for the safety of VIPs, they should consider providing armoured transport instead. Lastly, a Victorian photograph album acquired by a resident in Riccarton has revealed family pictures taken around 1887 and 1888. Sadly, only two subjects are identified: Ethel May Vivian as a baby and a young boy named Lionel George James Slade. The resident is inviting potential descendants of those captured in the photographs to contact them to reclaim these historical images.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810428_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810428.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,357220800
6650,01,05,1981,"Lesbian Court Action (Press, 1 May 1981)","On 1 May 1981, a notable legal case emerged in Los Angeles involving tennis star Billie Jean King and her former partner, Marilyn Barnett. Barnett, aged 33, filed a lawsuit in Los Angeles County Superior Court claiming she had been the long-term lover of King, who is a six-time Wimbledon champion and one of the most recognised athletes in America. The suit alleges that their romantic relationship began in 1972 and lasted until 1979, during which time they cohabited in Malibu and New York. In her 13-page complaint, Barnett claimed that King had promised to provide her with lifetime financial support, paralleling the rights given to married couples under a 1977 California Supreme Court ruling concerning ""palimony."" She asserted that the couple’s relationship included sexual intimacy, which began approximately six months after their initial meetings. Barnett, who is now confined to a wheelchair due to an accident, sought financial support and rights to King’s Malibu home, stating that she continued to reside there. King, aged 37 at the time and on a tennis tour in Florida when the news broke, issued a denial of the claims through a press statement. She expressed her shock and disappointment over Barnett's actions, asserting that the allegations were unfounded. The suit also mentioned King’s husband, Larry, who had been married to her for 16 years. Barnett claimed she sacrificed her career as a hairdresser to function as King’s secretary and caretaker, allowing King to focus entirely on her tennis career. According to Barnett, there was a verbal agreement in which King would provide her a home and support for the rest of her life. This high-profile case drew attention not only because of King’s celebrity status but also due to the implications it held for relationships outside traditional marriage in terms of financial and property rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810501_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810501.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,357480000
5049,02,05,1981,"Cable Briefs (Press, 2 May 1981)","On 2 May 1981, South Korean authorities lifted the partial house arrest of Mrs Kim, the wife of political dissident Kim Dae Jung. She had been under restrictions since the imposition of full martial law in South Korea. Kim Dae Jung had been arrested early in the martial law enforcement and is currently serving a life sentence after being convicted of sedition in January 1981. Mrs Kim was informed by the police that she would now have freedom of movement, though no reasons for the change were provided. Additionally, Kim Young Sam, the president of the former major opposition New Democratic Party, was also released from house arrest. In San Salvador, the capital of El Salvador, a disfigured body was discovered, which may belong to the missing American priest, Rev. Roy Bourgeois, of the Roman Catholic Maryknoll order. The body, found after Bourgeois disappeared four days earlier, was unrecognisable due to disfigurement, but clothing and footwear suggested it could be him. This incident follows the recent high-profile murder of three American nuns from the same order, which sparked significant outrage in the United States. Bourgeois had arrived in El Salvador on 23 April to provide translation services for a television crew. In the United States, a 19-year-old boy scout, Timothy Curran, has filed a lawsuit against the Boy Scouts of America for expelling him on the grounds of being a militant homosexual. The suit, supported by the American Civil Liberties Union, claims damages of $580,000, accusing the organisation of civil rights violations and illegal discrimination. This case marks the first known instance of such a legal challenge against the Boy Scout movement, which has around 13 million members globally. A government panel in Japan reported that a recent radioactive leak from the Tsuruga nuclear power station, operated by the Japan Atomic Power Company in Fukui, was caused by a mix of design flaws, operational and security weaknesses, as well as human errors. However, the panel confirmed that the radiation levels within the plant never exceeded safety standards and that radioactive wastewater was not disposed of in a manner that posed a public health risk. In China, Communist Party chairman Hua Guofeng made an unexpected public appearance, leading a group of leaders at a gala concert in celebration of May Day, despite speculation about his impending demotion. Notably absent was Deng Xiaoping, a major figure in the party, interpreted by many observers as a significant potential factor in Hua's expected relegation. However, the absence of Deng did not draw substantial interpretations as several other leaders were also not present at the concert.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810502_2_61_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810502.2.61.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,357566400
5050,02,05,1981,"King To Countersuit (Press, 2 May 1981)","On 2 May 1981, a news report from Los Angeles highlighted the legal conflict between tennis star Billie Jean King and Marilyn Barnett, a wheelchair-bound hairdresser. Barnett has initiated a lawsuit against King, claiming “palimony” based on a purported homosexual relationship the two had during the early 1970s. The allegations suggest that Barnett lived with King at that time. King, who was the top-ranked female tennis player in the world during the late 1960s and early 1970s, responded to the allegations, stating they were “untrue and unfounded.” She expressed her shock and disappointment regarding Barnett’s legal actions. King's attorney indicated that she intends to file a counter-suit seeking to evict Barnett from a property that is jointly owned by King and her husband, Larry. This property was allegedly purchased by King in 1974 for Barnett, which forms the basis of Barnett’s claim relating to her interest in the house. The situation has garnered attention due to King's prominence in the sports world and the nature of the allegations, which touch on matters of personal relationships and financial obligations. The case presents a complex intersection of personal life and legal interpretation of relationships outside of traditional marriage frameworks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810502_2_170_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810502.2.170.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,357566400
5051,04,05,1981,"Star Admits Love Affair (Press, 4 May 1981)","A legal dispute has emerged involving tennis star Billie Jean King and her former lover, Marilyn Barnett. Barnett, now 33 and a paraplegic, has filed a lawsuit claiming that King owes her lifetime financial support and the title to a Malibu Beach house. This legal action follows King's public admission of a past homosexual affair with Barnett during a news conference where she was accompanied by her husband, Larry King. King openly acknowledged the affair, stating, “I did have an affair with Marilyn Barnett. It has been over for quite some time.” Barnett's lawsuit marks the first palimony case concerning a homosexual relationship, drawing on the precedent set by the Marvin v. Marvin case which held that actors must provide property settlements to former partners after an unmarried relationship. Barnett's lawyer, Joel Ladin, indicated that his client plans to respond to King's disclosures in the coming days. He noted that Barnett felt ""pleased and relieved"" by King's admission. However, King expressed disappointment over Barnett's decision to bring the lawsuit. She described the actions as “self-destructive” and conveyed concern for others affected by Barnett's choice to pursue legal action. Initially, when Barnett's lawsuit was filed, King's attorney refuted the allegations, characterising them as “untrue and unfounded.” King labeled Barnett as “unstable” and characterised the affair as a mistake for which she is willing to take responsibility. The relationship, according to King, ended several years prior, although she refrained from disclosing specific details regarding the timeline. This case and the surrounding revelations have drawn public attention not only for the personal implications but also for its significance in the legal landscape regarding same-sex relationships and financial support obligations. As developments unfold, both parties are expected to provide further statements, reflecting the continuing complexities of this high-profile legal battle.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810504_2_136.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810504.2.136,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,357739200
6651,05,05,1981,"Mrs King Offers To Resign (Press, 5 May 1981)","Billie Jean King, the renowned tennis player and president of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), has made headlines following her admission of a lesbian relationship with her former secretary. In a recent interview with the New York Times, the 37-year-old King expressed her willingness to step down from her leadership position with the WTA, stating her desire not to hurt the players in the organisation. She also offered to withdraw as the doubles partner to 15-year-old aspiring tennis star Andrea Jaeger for an upcoming tournament in Tokyo, which has a prize purse of $150,000. King explained that she informed Jaeger and her family that they were not obligated to compete together if they felt uncomfortable due to the situation. However, the Jaegers expressed their strong commitment to have Andrea participate, prompting King to prepare for the event. This revelation comes amidst ongoing discussions about love, commitment, and the complexities of King’s marriage to sports promoter Larry King. At a press conference held in Los Angeles, Larry acknowledged that their relationship has often been marked by long separations and described it as ""very unusual"" by conventional standards. He stated his perspective on love as an ability to share and support rather than possess. The admission by King has sparked considerable attention and conversation within and beyond the world of tennis, as it touches on issues of sexuality and the personal lives of public figures in sports. King, known for her advocacy for gender equality in sports and her trailblazing career, finds herself at a significant crossroads, weighing her personal life against her professional responsibilities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810505_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810505.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,357825600
5052,06,05,1981,"Mrs King Dropped (Press, 6 May 1981)","Tennis star Billie Jean King has been terminated as an advertising representative for the E. R. Squibb Company, as reported by the New Zealand Press Association on 6 May 1981. The New York Daily News revealed that King's contract had been active for approximately a year, during which she advertised Thera-gran-M vitamins. While the company stated that King's involvement in a palimony suit was unrelated to their decision, the timing of her dismissal has raised eyebrows. King, a former Wimbledon champion, recently admitted to having a homosexual relationship with her former secretary, Marilyn Bennett, who is the plaintiff in the palimony suit. This revelation has attracted considerable media attention, and it appears to be influencing other companies associated with King, as they are reportedly ""ill at ease"" regarding the recent publicity. Among the brands she represents are Nike shoes, Yonex tennis rackets, and a resin product known as Power Grip. As of now, it remains uncertain how these partnerships will be affected in light of the unfolding situation surrounding King.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810506_2_205.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810506.2.205,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,357912000
6652,09,05,1981,"A Husband’s Compassion (Press, 9 May 1981)","Billie Jean King's husband, Larry King, revealed during an interview on ABC's 20-20 that he was aware of his wife's lesbian affair with Marilyn Barnett in the 1970s. He admitted that his absences contributed to the affair, stating, ""I wasn’t willing to be there,” and he acknowledged feeling some jealousy regarding the relationship but believed it was important for Billie to find happiness with someone who could support her needs when he was not around. Barnett, aged 32 at the time, has filed a lawsuit seeking a share of Mrs King's earnings from the period they were together. Larry expressed a preference for Billie to be happy rather than alone, indicating he understood her relationship with Barnett. Billie Jean King, who is now 37, strongly refuted allegations that younger female tennis players were being seduced by older peers, insisting there was no evidence to support such claims. She defended women's tennis and golf, pointing out that young athletes are typically accompanied by parents, coaches, or chaperones. The couple was questioned about the possibility of being blackmailed, with Billie expressing that she had begun to sense such a feeling. Larry mentioned that they had financially supported Barnett over the last five or six years, but it seemed that it was never enough, implying that Barnett always sought more assistance. Despite the challenges and public scrutiny they faced, both Larry and Billie King expressed optimism that their marriage would endure this difficult period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810509_2_190.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810509.2.190,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,358171200
5054,12,05,1981,"Labour Endorses Rights Of Gays (Press, 12 May 1981)","At the Labour Party conference in Wellington on 11 May 1981, a significant decision was made regarding the rights of homosexuals. The conference endorsed the right of homosexual individuals to file complaints regarding discrimination based on sexual orientation under the Human Rights Commission Act of 1975. This endorsement was achieved through a split vote, indicating a divide within the party with about two-thirds in favour and one-third against. During the discussions, the topic sparked heated debates and showcased contrasting views within the party. Some delegates expressed strong disapproval, with homosexuals described derogatorily as ""deviants."" The shadow Minister of Justice, Mr F. D. O’Flynn, expressed his opposition to the remit, labelling homosexual conduct as ""unnatural and immoral."" He was influential in swaying the conversation towards rejecting the proposal, despite attempts by other members like Mr Gauntlett and Mr R. Davies to keep the issue on the agenda in the lead-up to the election. Mrs Connie Purdue from Auckland argued that endorsing such a remit could negatively impact the rights of children to grow up in heterosexual families. Mr O'Flynn clarified his stance, acknowledging that while he supported decriminalising consensual homosexual acts in private, he opposed including the remit in the Labour Party's policy framework. He dismissed the idea that marriages between homosexuals could be legally recognised as absurd. The conference also addressed other justice-related issues, specifically the proposal for social welfare monitors to be stationed at police stations to oversee the treatment of suspects. Mr O'Flynn dismissed this suggestion as impractical, although he did support an amendment that called for police to ensure suspects were informed of their rights and to uphold those rights during questioning. Additionally, he agreed that lay observers could be included in police disciplinary processes to enhance transparency. Some delegates raised concerns about police treatment of suspects, but Mr D. Duggan, Labour's candidate for New Plymouth and a former policeman, voiced his disagreement with the calls for constant oversight of police stations, describing such proposals as ""crazy."" He defended police conduct, arguing that officers who might engage in misconduct do not endure in the force for long. Overall, the discussions at the Labour Party conference highlighted deep divisions over issues of sexual orientation rights and police accountability, reflecting broader societal debates occurring at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810512_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810512.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,358430400
5053,12,05,1981,"Youth Section Calls For Liberal Gay Laws (Press, 12 May 1981)","At the Labour Party conference held in Wellington on 12 May 1981, the youth section of the party advocated for significant social reforms including the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults and the lowering of the legal drinking age. The proposals were presented by the president of the Labour Youth Council, Mr Gary Williams, who argued for the decriminalisation of homosexuality by adjusting the Crimes Act to permit consensual acts between adults aged 16 and over. Mr Williams highlighted the serious issues faced by young homosexual individuals, including police harassment and workplace discrimination. He questioned the moral reasoning behind the ongoing criminalisation of same-sex relationships in a so-called humane society, urging delegates to reconsider entrenched prejudices. The proposal received some resistance from conference attendees, illustrating the divisive nature of the topic within the party. In addition to advocating for the decriminalisation of homosexuality, Mr Williams pushed for a lower drinking age from 20, as a part of a broader strategy to reform New Zealand’s drinking culture. This initiative included a call to encourage more dining establishments and bars that would foster a more responsible drinking environment, contrasting with the existing trend of “booze barns.” He proposed stricter regulations on liquor advertising and increased government funding for organisations addressing alcoholism, arguing that these changes would help dismantle outdated views on alcohol consumption. Through these measures, Mr Williams asserted that the Labour government could help shift societal attitudes and create a more progressive framework around social issues in New Zealand. The discussions around these proposals reflected broader cultural debates occurring during that period regarding sexual orientation and substance use, revealing both support for progressive change and resistance rooted in traditional views.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810512_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810512.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,358430400
7666,14,05,1981,"What A Way To Go (Press, 14 May 1981)","The Canterbury Film Society is set to screen Marco Ferreri's controversial film ""La Grande Bouffe"" (""Blow Out""), which has been a topic of much discussion since its release. The film will be shown on 19 May 1981 at Room Al in Ham at 8 p.m., and the following night at the Museum Theatre at 7.30 p.m. Initially banned by censors upon its commercial submission, it has now received a restricted certificate allowing it to be screened only for approved film societies. ""La Grande Bouffe,"" a collaboration between France and Italy released in 1973, lasts 126 minutes and is presented in colour. The film has been described as deeply profound, allowing for a plethora of interpretations while remaining distinctively unique. Critics suggest it offers a vision of humanity so raw and unrefined that it would make literary figures like Chaucer, Boccaccio, and Rabelais uneasy. The narrative revolves around four friends—portrayed by renowned actors Marcello Mastroianni, Ugo Tognazzi, Michel Piccoli, and Philippe Noiret—along with a sensuous woman played by Andrea Ferreol. They convene in an unusual, walled estate on the outskirts of Paris, embracing a lifestyle of gluttony that ultimately leads to their demise. The characters are each depicted at personal crossroads in their lives, reflecting an emotional state that they have never truly escaped. This regression leads them to indulge in excess, including voracious eating, sexual encounters, and death. While the film features graphic scenes of consumption, elimination, and intimate acts, critics have noted that the dominant emotion elicited is one of sorrow and horror, suggesting a deeper existential commentary rather than mere physical shock. The film is portrayed more as a poetic exploration of horror infused with a grand, morbid melancholy, rather than a psychological critique or satire of the bourgeois lifestyle. Prior to the main feature, a short film titled ""Special Delivery"" will be screened, although no further details about it are provided.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810514_2_97_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810514.2.97.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,358603200
6653,19,05,1981,"Show Recalls Old Controversy (Press, 19 May 1981)","The Robert McDougall Art Gallery in Christchurch has opened a new exhibition that revisits a significant controversy in the city's art history, centred on the 1951 purchase of Frances Hodgkins' painting, ""The Pleasure Garden."" At that time, the artwork was considered too avant-garde for the conservative societal norms of Christchurch. The heated debate surrounding its acquisition lasted for several years and generated various artistic debates, one of which was a notable commentary piece by artist W. A. Sutton. Sutton's original drawings for this now-lost piece, titled ""Homage to Frances Hodgkins,"" are featured in the exhibition. His work depicted a gathering of supporters for Hodgkins, including prominent figures such as Margaret Frankel, Rene Lonsdale, and Colin McCahon. The painting even included references to the media coverage of the controversy, showcasing the profound impact the purchase had on Christchurch's art community. The Christchurch theatre scene is also buzzing with the upcoming performance of ""Huis-Clos"" (known as ""In Camera"" in English) by the Inter-Europe Spectacles company. This Jean-Paul Sartre play is set in a unique version of Hell, where three dead characters are forced to confront their pasts and each other, famously encapsulated by the line, ""Hell is other people."" In the pottery realm, the 1981 Fletcher Brownbuilt Pottery Award received an impressive 230 entries, including 40 international submissions. This represents a 50 per cent increase from the previous year, with the winner set to be announced on 30 May by judge Richard Shaw from the United States. Selected works will be displayed at the Auckland War Memorial Museum from 31 May to 14 June. The University of Canterbury's department of classics is presenting ""Helen,"" a new translation of Euripides' play, coinciding with the New Zealand Classics Conference. Directed by Robin Bond, the production examines the deceptive nature of reality and illusion amidst the backdrop of war. Meanwhile, the Auckland-based dance company Limbs is set to embark on a short tour of the South Island, including performances in Christchurch on 2 and 3 June. The tour precedes their participation in the American Dance Festival, promising exposure to the American modern dance scene. The company’s programme will feature a variety of planned routines and pieces choreographed by both current and former members. In musical events, a well-known organist will perform at the Christchurch Teachers College auditorium on 28 May, supported by Kimball International. Additionally, harpsichordist David Vine will hold the second of four recitals on Sunday, focusing on French music spanning nearly 300 years, featuring notable composers from the 16th to the 17th centuries. The Dunsandel Players are preparing to celebrate 25 years of theatrical arts in their district with a five-night season starting 9 June, showcasing various performances. Meanwhile, clarifications have been made regarding the authorship of ""The Robbie Horror Show,"" confirming John Banas as its writer and director, amidst previous confusions regarding its attribution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810519_2_140_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810519.2.140.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,359035200
7822,21,05,1981,"‘jubilee’ — Punk’s First Film Effort (Press, 21 May 1981)","""Jubilee,"" directed by Derek Jarman, is described as a highly violent film that marked its place as one of England's notable punk films, completed in 1978. It features a mix of punk visuals—such as aggressive hairstyles, chains, and safety pins—serving as a backdrop to its rebellious narrative rather than a factual representation of punk culture. The film will be screened again at the Academy. David Swift, the author of the piece, shares that those who viewed ""Jubilee"" during the Canterbury Film Festival found the cast and music particularly intriguing. The cast includes various figures closely associated with the punk movement. Jordan, who worked as a shop assistant in Malcolm McLaren's ""Sex"" shop, and Toyah Wilcox, an emerging presence in British music, are part of the ensemble. Additionally, the film features performances by Chelsea with their song ""Right To Work,"" and the original Antz. Notably, The Slits appear in studio scenes and as street girls, depicted in a scene where they tie up a character with barbed wire. Wayne County, who has transitioned to Jayne County, is also featured, illustrating the evolving identities within the punk scene. The film's plot adds to its surreal appeal, transporting the historical figure of Queen Elizabeth I to a dystopian version of England in 1984. The society she encounters is grim; treacherous and volatile, where murder is overlooked while bingo is illegal. The depiction of London resembles a war-torn environment, suggesting a reality where individuals must fend for themselves amidst armed secret police. The narrative is a reflection on violent survival, with a stark commentary on the state of British life, echoing themes of nihilism and rebellion inherent in the punk movement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810521_2_89_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810521.2.89.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,359208000
6654,26,05,1981,"Billie Jean King ‘would Like A Child’ (Press, 26 May 1981)","In a recent interview with ""People"" magazine, Larry King revealed that his wife, renowned tennis star Billie Jean King, does not identify as a lesbian. He mentioned her desire to have children, stating, “she’d like to have a child if she can work it out for a time.” He expressed disappointment that they have never had children together, highlighting that he partially blames himself for the situation. The couple's busy schedules, with Billie Jean focusing on her tennis career and Larry on organising women's tennis, led to significant time apart. Billie Jean King, who is 37 years old and a Wimbledon champion, has recently found herself in the public eye due to a legal dispute. Her former secretary, Marilyn Barnett, has filed a lawsuit seeking financial support after admitting to a lesbian affair with Mrs King. Reflecting on their life choices, Larry remarked that they should have focused on starting a family earlier, suggesting that their decision to prioritise careers instead of settling down contributed to the complexities that followed. Despite the challenges, Billie Jean acknowledged the difficulty of balancing her hectic career with personal desires, indicating that she had to make some tough choices along the way. While she did not commit to timeline regarding motherhood, she mentioned, “If I want to have a baby, I better get this show on the road,” signalling that she may consider having children in the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810526_2_140_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810526.2.140.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,359640000
5055,27,05,1981,"‘New Journalism’ Comes Under Strong Attack (Press, 27 May 1981)","A growing controversy regarding press credibility in the United States has emerged, with significant scrutiny directed towards the practice of ""new journalism."" This controversy was triggered by the revelation that a Pulitzer Prize-winning story from the Washington Post about an eight-year-old heroin addict, written by Janet Cooke, was fabricated. Since that initial revelation, there have been further incidents prompting resignations and critical assessments of journalistic ethics within major publications. In May 1981, a prominent New York journalist, Michael Daly, resigned from the New York Daily News after the London Daily Mail exposed his article about British troops firing at young rioters in Belfast as fictional. His piece purported to describe events in real-time from within an armoured vehicle, when, in reality, he had never been aboard the vehicle himself. The soldier he cited in the article was also a fictional character, mirroring issues faced by Cooke’s fabricated story. Another journalist under scrutiny is Teresa Carpenter, who received a Pulitzer Prize for her work on several murder stories, including one about liberal politician Allard Lowenstein, who was murdered by Dennis Sweeney. While Carpenter's story did not use fictitious names, critics have accused her of inventing other details, particularly surrounding Lowenstein’s alleged sexual encounters with Sweeney, which she based on anonymous sources. Carpenter defended her methods by stating that the omission of certain phrases was for the sake of brevity and claimed that her narrative reflected her intuition about Sweeney's mindset. However, veteran journalist Sidney Schanberg has expressed strong disapproval, labelling her methods irresponsible and calling for better journalistic practices. As the issue gains momentum, a national body, the National News Council, is now investigating both the Cooke and Carpenter cases, prompted by concerns raised from various quarters, including faculty members from Howard University. The findings of these investigations could potentially lead the Pulitzer Prize board to reconsider Carpenter's award. Amidst these controversies, the habits and ethics of journalism are under intense scrutiny, with discussions about the reliance on unattributable sources becoming a focal point for reform in newsrooms across the country. The council's review will officially begin discussions on June 11, 1981, as industry leaders grapple with the impact of these incidents on public trust and the future of journalistic integrity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810527_2_153_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810527.2.153.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,359726400
7364,06,06,1981,"Health In The Community (Press, 6 June 1981)","The book ""Primary Health Care and the Community,"" edited by J. G. Richards, was published by Longman Paul in 1981 and comprises 474 pages priced at $24.95. Reviewer's commentary by Frank Jepson highlights that the book, dedicated to New Zealand's general practitioners, serves as a compilation of insights from both medical professionals and sociologists concerning the social dimensions of healthcare. It aims to broaden the understanding of care currently practised in New Zealand, yet it is not intended as a manual on primary medical care. The book is structured into four main sections. The first section, titled ""The Tools of Community Care,"" includes a noteworthy chapter by Laurence Malcolm from the Christchurch Health Planning and Research Unit, which discusses the evolution of services and team management concepts within communities. Subsequent chapters cover relevant subjects such as research, rehabilitation, screening, and the intersection of finance and medicine. The second section focuses on ""Human Development and Community Care,"" where various topics are approached selectively. Issues such as abortion, child abuse, solo parenthood, and the challenges of caring for the elderly are examined. The third section addresses ""Sexuality and Primary Care,"" presenting a more liberal perspective on sexual health, with authors sharing their personal viewpoints. Felix Donnelly's observations on the changing theories of counselling are particularly notable, indicating how perspectives on human nature can influence counselling approaches. The final section discusses ""Social Issues and Primary Health Care,"" tackling subjects including alcoholism, drug abuse, societal attitudes towards the medical profession among the Maori community, and general health concerns. The book concludes with eight appendices that detail the organisation of statutory bodies, practice organisation, and medical ethics. Jepson appreciates the book for reminding readers of the humanitarian elements of healthcare, which can sometimes be overshadowed by the predominance of scientific approaches. He contrasts the book's emphasis on broader community care skills with ongoing discussions, such as those presented in the Reith Lectures, which view medical practice through a more insular lens. While acknowledging that not all aspects are covered—specifically the roles of voluntary societies and chronic illness, which significantly burden healthcare services—Jepson describes the compilation as a valuable resource. He concludes that the book will engage those within the health professions, as it provides insight into essential skills needed for effective community healthcare, rather than merely adhering to established practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810606_2_101_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810606.2.101.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,360590400
6907,11,06,1981,"Smell Sensation (Press, 11 June 1981)","A new cinematic experience is set to debut in London with John Waters' film ""Polyester,"" which will introduce a unique scent-based technology known as ""Odorama."" This innovation allows audiences to engage their sense of smell while watching the film, enhancing the viewing experience beyond traditional visuals and sounds. Upon entering the cinema, each patron receives a card featuring numbered blisters. As key moments occur in the film, such as the heroine applying perfume, viewers will scratch the corresponding number on their card to release the corresponding scent into the theatre, such as the fragrance of Chanel Number Five. ""Polyester,"" opening later in 1981, follows the romantic escapades of a Hollywood star from the 1950s, portrayed by actor Tab Hunter, along with the character Divine, a transvestite. The concept of Odorama is described as both novel and somewhat bizarre, as it will not only bring pleasant aromas to the audience but may also include less desirable scents, a fact which has prompted some commentary regarding which smells might be better left unexperienced. This advancement in film technology reflects an ongoing trend towards immersive entertainment, seeking to engage multiple senses in the cinematic experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810611_2_105_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810611.2.105.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,361022400
6655,12,06,1981,"An Inescapable Hell (Press, 12 June 1981)","A production of Jean-Paul Sartre's play ""Huis Clos,"" directed by Susie Perehowskyj, recently premiered at the Ngaio Marsh Theatre on 11 June 1981. This notable work, written in 1944, captivates audiences with its intense dramatic tension despite its static setting. The play features three characters—Garcin, Ines, and Estelle—who find themselves trapped in a single, eternally lit room, symbolising a hell from which they cannot escape. The focus of the narrative is on character exploration and their eventual self-revelation, presenting a rich psychological landscape without traditional action. The three individuals share common backgrounds, each guilty of causing the death of someone they loved and tormented by the fear that they will not be remembered. Garcin, portrayed by Claude Beauclair, is a self-obsessed and indecisive man who desires to be seen as heroic, yet he died a coward. Ines, depicted by Francoise Mojeret, is a man-hating lesbian who relishes in exposing the profound truths of her companions, creating a tense dynamic. Genevieve Taillade plays Estelle, a flirtatious socialite who craves physical attention and validation. The relationships between the trio create a potent mix of desire and resentment. Garcin seeks to reclaim his self-respect but is simultaneously undermined by Ines's taunting nature. Estelle is drawn to Garcin, yet he is captivated by Ines, further complicating their interactions. The performances were highlighted by the actors’ fluency and clarity in French, showcasing the richness of the language while enhancing the emotional depth of the drama. Beauclair's portrayal of Garcin effectively balanced moments of passionate self-revelation with periods of introspection, allowing the turmoil of his character to resonate without exaggerated physicality. Mojeret’s Ines brought an intense tension to the stage, marked by her watchfulness and restrained malice, while Taillade’s representation of Estelle was both seductive and naive, captivating the audience completely. The play's exploration of the ultimate inability of the characters to resolve their psychological and moral dilemmas proved to be compelling theatre, leaving a lasting impression on the audience. The 8 p.m. performance drew a full house, demonstrating a deep appreciation for the blending of fine theatre and the beauty of the French language in this extraordinary production.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810612_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810612.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,361108800
6656,12,06,1981,"French Pay Quick Visit (Press, 12 June 1981)","On 12 June 1981, the Ngaio Marsh Theatre hosted a performance of ""Huis Clos"" (""No Exit""), a play by Jean Paul Sartre, featuring a cast of five, led by veteran French actor Claude Beauclair. The play presents an unusual scenario involving a lesbian, a child murderer, and a deserter, exploring themes of existentialism and personal responsibility. InterEurope Spectacles, the touring company, is notable for being the first French theatre group to visit New Zealand in a decade. Beauclair, who is busy with a packed travel schedule, expressed his preference for theatre over film, citing the unique connection it allows between actors and the audience. He has a rich acting background, having worked with notable figures like Orson Welles and Gene Kelly. Despite the play being performed in French and potentially having a limited audience appeal, Beauclair is optimistic about attracting an interested crowd.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810612_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810612.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,361108800
5056,20,06,1981,"‘Pride’ Week For Homosexuals (Press, 20 June 1981)","A film titled “Witches, Faggots, Dikes, and Poofters” will be screened in Christchurch as part of the city's Gay Pride Week. This week-long event has been planned leading up to Stonewall Day, which occurs on 27 June and commemorates the first significant demonstrations by homosexuals against police harassment in the United States. Alongside the featured film, “Boys in the Band” will also be shown during this celebratory week. Mr. Martyn Bullimore, who is the co-ordinator of the programme, announced that a new initiative for Gay Pride Week would involve a gathering designed for homosexuals, their families, and friends. There is an aspiration for Christchurch to emulate initiatives seen in the North Island and establish a support group for parents of homosexuals. Additionally, an open evening aimed at helping homosexuals “come out” will take place at the Lambda Centre, situated in the Arts Centre, on 22 June. A special Eucharist service for homosexual Roman Catholics will also be held on 24 June at the Student Union Building of the University of Canterbury. Other planned social activities include a “Blue Jeans Day” scheduled for 26 June, enhancing community spirit and solidarity during this significant week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810620_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810620.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,361800000
4072,23,06,1981,"Gays Continue Fight Against Discrimination (Press, 23 June 1981)","In June 1981, homosexuals in Christchurch and across New Zealand are participating in Gay Pride Week, an annual event that commemorates the Stonewall Riots in New York in 1969, which marked a significant point in the gay liberation movement. The riots were a reaction to police harassment of gay patrons and are considered to be a catalyst for the emergence of an organised fight for gay rights, initially led by the Gay Liberation Front. While the Front’s influence diminished quickly, the broader gay liberation movement has continued to thrive, as highlighted by the various activities taking place in Christchurch. Since 1969, the situation for homosexuals in New Zealand has markedly changed; over 60 gay organisations now exist, many affiliated with the National Gay Rights Coalition (N.G.R.C.). Publications catering to the gay community, like ""The Pink Triangle"" and ""Out,"" along with local publications, have emerged, alongside social venues and support phone lines for gay men and lesbians. Despite these advancements, the struggle for legal reform remains crucial, as homosexual acts between consenting adult males are still illegal—representing one of the most frequently violated laws in the country. Established groups have worked since the late 1960s to secure legal rights for homosexuals. However, there has been internal division between moderates advocating gradual reform and radicals seeking to confront systemic oppression. Past attempts at reform, such as Venn Young's private member's bill in 1974 and the Freer Bill concerning the age of consent, have failed to make significant headway, with many groups feeling disillusioned. The struggle reached a new phase in 1981 with the launch of an Equality Bill Campaign aimed at amending the Crimes Act to eliminate legal discrimination based on sexual orientation, which would also include sexual orientation in the Human Rights Commission Act. This push for legislative change highlights the frustration felt by homosexuals, especially after a December 1980 decision when the Human Rights Commissioner declined to recommend inclusion of sexual orientation as a protected category against discrimination. Although activists recognise that legal reforms alone will not resolve the societal challenges faced by homosexuals, they view such reforms as fundamental to attaining basic civil rights. Discrimination in employment, housing, and social services, as well as issues surrounding child custody for lesbian mothers, remain significant concerns. Many homosexuals feel that societal prejudices—including assumptions that openly gay individuals cannot provide safe environments for children—further complicate their struggles. While this year's Gay Pride Week activities are primarily centred within the gay community, the overarching fight against legal and social discrimination continues to be at the forefront of the movement in New Zealand, demonstrating that the quest for equality and acceptance remains a pressing issue for many in the LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810623_2_101_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810623.2.101.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,362059200
5057,01,07,1981,"Porn Case Against Play (Press, 1 July 1981)","On 1 July 1981, Mary Whitehouse, a prominent anti-pornography campaigner in Britain, initiated a private prosecution against Michael Bogdanov, the director of the contentious play “The Romans in Britain.” The play, written by Howard Brenton, featured a simulated homosexual rape scene that had sparked significant controversy when it was performed at London's National Theatre in December 1980. Whitehouse's legal action claimed that Bogdanov procured an act of gross indecency between two actors during the performance. The defence argued that Whitehouse’s prosecution aimed to circumvent the legal changes made 13 years earlier that abolished stage censorship. Sir Peter Hall, the director of the National Theatre since 1973, defended the scene as a metaphor highlighting the brutality of colonialism. He asserted that while the scene was distressing, it was not indecent. Graham Ross-Cornes, representing Whitehouse, contended that if a similar act were committed in public spaces like streets or parks, it would be deemed an offence, thereby questioning the difference when such acts are staged. The prosecution was brought under a sexual offences act typically applied to sexual behaviours in public restrooms and parks. However, the 1968 Theatres Act, which lifted censorship on stage performances, included provisions that prohibited prosecutions for obscene or indecent acts related to theatrical performances. This legal backdrop set the stage for the courtroom drama surrounding the case, which was significant for both the theatre community and discussions on censorship and morality in the arts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810701_2_70_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810701.2.70.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,362750400
5058,02,07,1981,"Mary Whitehouse Gets Director Sent For Trial (Press, 2 July 1981)","On 2 July 1981, Michael Bogdanov, a prominent English theatrical director, was ordered to stand trial at the Old Bailey Central Criminal Court. He faces charges of procuring an act of gross indecency by staging a controversial scene depicting homosexual rape in a National Theatre production titled ""The Romans in Britain."" After a two-day hearing, Magistrate Kenneth Harrington noted the existence of evidence warranting a jury trial, describing the case as one of public significance despite being a relatively mundane offence. The prosecution stems from the Sexual Offences Act, which is typically applied to cases involving homosexual behaviour in public places such as lavatories and parks. The contested scene occurs during the Roman invasion of Britain and displays an attempted rape of a British man by three Roman soldiers. The case was initiated by Mary Whitehouse, a leading anti-pornography campaigner who undertook a private prosecution after her request to bring action under the 1968 Theatres Act was denied. This Act abolished stage censorship, and Parliament had intended for it to prevent frivolous prosecutions from irate individuals or groups. Defence lawyers argued that Whitehouse's actions were an attempt to circumvent the protections provided by the Theatres Act. Following the hearing, Whitehouse expressed her justification for pursuing the prosecution, stating that allowing such a play to proceed unchallenged could have had a significant negative impact on the media and society. In support of Bogdanov, the actors' union Equity expressed its strong opposition to the criminal proceedings that could suppress artistic expression. A spokesman for the union stated that they believe the stifling of artistic freedom should be actively resisted. As the trial approaches, debates about artistic licence, the limits of decency in theatre, and the implications of this prosecution for freedom of expression are at the forefront of public discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810702_2_64_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810702.2.64.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,362836800
5059,06,07,1981,"Cancer Among Homosexual Men (Press, 6 July 1981)","On 6 July 1981, reports emerged from the National Centres for Disease Control highlighting a concerning increase in cases of Kaposi's Sarcoma, a rare and often fatal form of cancer, among homosexual men in New York and California. Over the past 30 months, 20 cases were identified in New York City, and an additional six cases were reported in California. Of the diagnosed individuals, eight died within two years of their diagnosis. In response to the rising number of cases, medical professionals alerted other doctors who frequently treat homosexual men, aiming to facilitate quicker identification and treatment for potential cases and to reduce delays in initiating chemotherapy. The overall incidence of Kaposi's Sarcoma in the United States is estimated to be approximately two cases per 3 million people annually. Traditionally, the disease has predominantly affected men older than 50 years. However, the recent cases reported saw younger men being diagnosed, indicating a significant shift in the demographics of those affected. Kaposi's Sarcoma typically presents itself with spots on the legs and can progress slowly over a decade. In these recent cases, the disease manifested differently, beginning with one or more violet-coloured spots or lumps appearing on various parts of the body. These spots are generally non-itchy and may be mistaken for bruises, which complicates initial diagnosis. Additionally, the cancer can lead to swollen lymph glands and has the potential to spread rapidly throughout the body.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810706_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810706.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,363182400
6908,09,07,1981,"Man Bites Dog (Press, 9 July 1981)","On 9 July 1981, a peculiar incident occurred in Salvador, Brazil, involving Jose Almir dos Santos Baltazar, a local transvestite, who drew public attention after attacking and killing a dog. The event took place in the city centre and attracted the curiosity of onlookers. Mr Baltazar explained his actions, indicating that the dog had been a constant presence in his life, following him daily and hindering his ability to fully engage in the activities prevalent in the city's red-light district. Mr Baltazar recounted that the dog had bitten him the previous day, prompting him to retaliate. He described the dog's persistent following and his need to assert himself. His statement suggested a sense of revenge, as he claimed to have used the same method the dog employed against him, which ultimately led to the animal's death. The unusual circumstances surrounding the incident resulted in applause from the bemused spectators who witnessed the confrontation. This bizarre occurrence reflects the intersections of personal narrative and public spectacle, set against the backdrop of urban life in Salvador during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810709_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810709.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,363441600
7667,13,07,1981,"‘foreskin’ A Disgrace, Miss Bartlett (Press, 13 July 1981)","Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for Promotion of Community Standards, has publicly condemned the play ""Foreskin’s Lament,"" written by Auckland lawyer Greg McGee. Bartlett described the production as a ""disgrace,"" highlighting its inclusion of ""gratuitous male nudity, simulated sodomy, and a non-stop barrage of obscenities and profanities."" She expressed her concern that the play had received backing from the Wellington City Council and the design department of TVNZ, demanding an explanation for their involvement. Currently being performed at Wellington’s Circa Theatre at the State Opera House, ""Foreskin’s Lament"" has previously enjoyed a successful run in various locations across New Zealand. Bartlett noted that the play's portrayal of authority figures was troubling, particularly citing the depiction of a policeman as the only truly evil character, which she suggested reflects a modern trend of denigrating those in authority. Bartlett further criticised the repetitive and offensive language in the play, stating that five male actors exposed themselves to the audience, which she found unacceptable. She contrasted this to the works of classic dramatists like William Shakespeare, arguing that they conveyed their messages without resorting to nudity or obscenities. In her remarks, Bartlett also highlighted a perceived inconsistency where rugby players do not invite women to witness their changing room rituals, yet she claimed Circa Theatre encourages women in the audience to observe similar behaviours under the guise of ""reality."" On the same day as her statements, the Governor-General, Sir David Beattie, and Lady Beattie were scheduled to attend a performance of ""Foreskin’s Lament.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810713_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810713.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,363787200
5060,13,07,1981,"Cable Briefs (Press, 13 July 1981)","The body of six-year-old Alfredo Rampi, who fell down a well in Frascati, Italy, on June 10, 1981, was recovered by firemen over the past weekend. Alfredo had survived for four days before his plight ended tragically. His body was found preserved in liquid nitrogen, wrapped in a sack, and was transported to a mortuary in Rome. Numerous attempts to rescue him included efforts from firemen, potholers, midgets, and contortionists, all trying to reach him down the narrow shaft. In other news, Roddy Llewellyn, known as the former companion of Princess Margaret, married fashion designer Tania Soskin in a well-publicised wedding at All Saints Church in Marlow, England. The event attracted over 1,000 spectators, creating significant disruption in the village. The wedding was attended by several high-profile guests, including Bianca Jagger, although Roddy's brother, Dai, did not attend the ceremony. In the UK, Jack Hill, the father of the Yorkshire Ripper’s last victim, Jackie Hill, has died in hospital at the age of 48. He was suffering from cancer, but family members claimed that the anguish caused by his daughter’s murder was a significant factor in his declining health and loss of will to live, according to the family solicitor. In San Francisco, a 38-year-old man named Otis Bloom was arrested in connection with a significant fire that destroyed or damaged 25 buildings in a predominantly homosexual area. Although he was held in jail, no formal charges had been filed at the time. The fire left around 100 people homeless after it ravaged a city centre block. Moreover, attempts to rescue between 200 and 400 workers trapped in a silk mill in Surat, India, were complicated by inadequate rescue equipment and rainy conditions. Following a boiler explosion that demolished the four-storey building three days prior, rescuers had retrieved 26 bodies and saved over 90 workers. Finally, the death toll from an illicit liquor tragedy in Karnataka, India, rose to 325 after two more victims succumbed to complications. This tragedy, described as one of the world's worst, beginning on the previous Tuesday, has led to numerous hospitalisations as people continue to seek treatment for various ailments related to the consumption of the toxic alcohol.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810713_2_71_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810713.2.71.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,363787200
6657,14,07,1981,"Protest Against Mayor (Press, 14 July 1981)","On 14 July 1981, Sir Michael Fowler, the Mayor of Wellington, made claims regarding a gay-rights demonstration that occurred in San Francisco during a dinner held in his honour. Approximately 20 demonstrators, carrying signs such as “Go home Fowler,” greeted him upon his arrival at the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce. In a phone interview, Sir Michael indicated that he had been made aware of potential disruptions at the event, expressing that the protest appeared to be orchestrated by individuals in New Zealand in response to the Wellington City Council's decision to reject a lesbian bus advertisement the previous August. He suggested that the demonstration was aimed at influencing San Francisco city officials to reconsider establishing a sister-city partnership with Wellington. Sir Michael noted that the Mayor of San Francisco was inclined to delay any further discussions on the relationship, especially as there were openly gay members within the city's board of supervisors who were politically engaged. Further complicating the situation, a statement from Wellington’s Lesbian Centre indicated that San Francisco city supervisors had been actively lobbied to oppose the sister-city status due to the recent ban on lesbian and gay rights advertisements by the Wellington council. During a board meeting, Supervisor Harry Britt was expected to advocate for halting negotiations with Wellington until there were advancements in the recognition and rights of the LGBTQ+ community. The controversy surrounding the bus advertisement ban highlighted the tensions between the two cities and underscored the significant political influence of San Francisco's gay community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810714_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810714.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,363873600
7668,14,07,1981,"Sir David Sees Play (Press, 14 July 1981)","On 14 July 1981, Governor-General Sir David Beattie and his wife attended the controversial New Zealand play, ""Foreskin's Lament,"" despite protests from morals campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett. Bartlett had lodged a complaint with the police, arguing that the play featured gratuitous male nudity, simulated sodomy, and continuous use of verbal obscenities. Despite these objections, Sir David and Lady Beattie expressed their interest in attending the performance. Following the show, they met with the playwright, Greg McGee, as confirmed by Circa Theatre spokeswoman Carolyn Henwood. The attendance of the Governor-General at the play highlighted the ongoing public debate regarding artistic expression and censorship in theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810714_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810714.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,363873600
7669,15,07,1981,"Governor Lauds Play Production (Press, 15 July 1981)","On 15 July 1981, Governor-General Sir David Beattie publicly praised the New Zealand play ""Foreskin’s Lament,"" describing it as ""brilliantly produced."" The play, written by Greg McGee, a former All Black trialist, has garnered both acclaim and controversy. Lady Beattie attended the performance alongside her husband and echoed his sentiment, highlighting McGee's talent as a playwright. The play has drawn significant criticism from morals campaigner Patricia Bartlett, who denounced it after seeing the performance on Friday evening. Miss Bartlett expressed her disapproval of the play’s portrayal of ""gratuitous male nudity, simulated sodomy, and non-stop verbal obscenities and profanities."" She urged Sir David not to attend the performance, and upon learning of his visit, she declared her intent to write to the Queen to express her dissatisfaction. Bartlett stated that the Governor-General’s attendance diminished the dignity of his office, suggesting that such a representative should avoid productions laden with offensive language and disrespectful references to religious figures. In response to Miss Bartlett's comments, Circa Theatre’s secretary, Carolyn Henwood, noted it was peculiar that Bartlett waited until the Governor-General attended before voicing her complaints. She described the timing as opportunistic, suggesting that the play, which has sold over 8,000 tickets, addresses issues of declining moral standards, a message Bartlett seemingly overlooked due to her focus on the play's more provocative elements. Henwood indicated that if Bartlett had engaged more thoughtfully with the play, she might have grasped its underlying themes instead of being distracted by what she deemed inappropriate content. ""Foreskin’s Lament"" has been a box office success at Circa Theatre, with the entire season sold out prior to Bartlett’s public outcry, a scenario reminiscent of other popular productions by playwright Roger Hall. The ongoing controversy surrounding the play highlights the ongoing debate in New Zealand about freedom of expression in the arts versus concerns over societal morals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810715_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810715.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,363960000
5061,18,07,1981,"The Dilemma Of Being Alcoholic And Homosexual (Press, 18 July 1981)","The article discusses the challenges faced by gay alcoholics in New Zealand, highlighting the story of a man named Bill, who has been sober for seven years after struggling with alcoholism for years. Bill's journey involves his recognition of his homosexuality from a young age and the influences of his family background, particularly with an alcoholic mother. His alcoholism worsened following a traumatic end to a long-term relationship and his subsequent move to Australia, where his drinking escalated significantly. Returning to New Zealand, Bill found recovery through Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.), but he acknowledged that many gay individuals struggle to confront their alcoholism, particularly within “straight” A.A. groups. To address the unique needs of homosexuals, a dedicated support group called Aquarius was established in Christchurch, aimed at providing a safe space for gay alcoholics to address their issues without facing discrimination. Bill played a pivotal role in creating the group in response to concerns from doctors about the high number of gay individuals seeking help for alcohol-related problems. The article outlines the societal challenges and stigma that gay people face, which may contribute to higher rates of alcoholism. Surveys from cities like San Francisco and Los Angeles indicate that a substantial percentage of gay populations battle alcohol issues, suggesting that the stresses related to societal acceptance could be significant factors. Many gay individuals reportedly turn to alcohol as a means of coping with the discrimination and challenges of their orientation. Bill and other members of the Aquarius group believe that it is crucial to have a support structure specifically tailored for homosexuals, as traditional treatment programs may not fully address their unique experiences. They emphasise that the group promotes honesty and acceptance, allowing members to confront their alcoholism in a supportive environment. Health professionals reiterate the importance of acknowledging the challenges faced by gay individuals and stress that while social pressures may influence alcohol use, the group's primary goal remains focused on sobriety. The Aquarius group not only provides therapeutic support but also offers a social space for gay men and women away from traditional drinking venues. Bill hopes the group can attract more gay alcoholics seeking recovery, emphasizing that sobriety is a reachable goal and that being an alcoholic does not have to define their lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810718_2_93_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810718.2.93.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,364219200
7732,23,07,1981,"Open Access — And Threats Of Closing (Press, 23 July 1981)","On 23 July 1981, Radio Heath Lees highlighted both positive and negative developments in local broadcasting. The positive news centred around Aranui High School's radio programme that aired on 3ZM, discussing the complexities of defining maturity and the transition from childhood to adulthood. Titled ""How Old is Old Enough?"" the programme explored societal attitudes towards young people, illustrating the struggle to find appropriate terminology to refer to this age group. Terms like ""kids"" and ""teen-ager"" fell out of favour, while ""young adult"" was seen as patronising. The programme featured real voices from young people facing daily challenges related to their status in society. A working 15-year-old raised the question of why he couldn't vote despite paying taxes, while a 16-year-old mother expressed her anticipation of being able to enter a licensed venue legally. A hotel manager shared his experience of dealing with under-age drinkers, arguing against lowering the drinking age to 18, suggesting it would only shift the problem to an even younger demographic. The programme was praised for its thought-provoking content and professional presentation, as it posed significant questions regarding young people's rights and societal acceptance. Conversely, the negative news involved concerns about potential cuts to broadcasting material from the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation (NZBC) due to economic constraints. This raised alarms among listeners about losing cherished programmes such as ""My Music,"" ""My Word,"" and various documentaries that are currently staples of the radio schedule. Listeners were encouraged to express their concerns by writing to Broadcasting House in Wellington, using determined rhetoric reminiscent of Winston Churchill to galvanise public response. The sentiment echoed a strong cultural attachment to NZBC content and the fears associated with losing diverse and informative programming.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810723_2_69_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810723.2.69.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,364651200
6658,01,08,1981,"Friendship Ended (Press, 1 August 1981)","Martina Navratilova, the former Wimbledon champion, is contemplating going public about her personal life following the conclusion of her long-standing friendship with American lesbian activist Rita Mae Brown. This development was reported by the ""London Sun"" on 31 July 1981. The article indicated that Navratilova is motivated to speak out, especially in light of support for fellow champion Billie Jean King, who has recently disclosed a lesbian relationship with her secretary. In a statement quoted by the ""Daily Mail,"" Navratilova acknowledged the end of her relationship with Brown, saying, “We’re not together any more, but if I start talking, women’s tennis is going to get hurt.” Adding to the discourse, current Wimbledon champion Chris Evert Lloyd remarked that Navratilova's tennis performance may not improve until she resolves her personal issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810801_2_212_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810801.2.212.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,365428800
5062,10,08,1981,"Chatter, Natter, Prattle, Gossip, Nag, Whine . . . (Press, 10 August 1981)","On 10 August 1981, an article by Sally Adams in London discussed the findings of Australian feminist linguist Dale Spender, who argues that men dominate in language usage, both in frequency and in interruptions during conversations with women. Spender asserts that men talk more than women and interrupt them more often, contrary to common beliefs. She has documented her findings through extensive research, which includes numerous tape recordings. Spender’s work has been met with resistance from her male colleagues, who often dismiss her insights as irrelevant or even suggest that she should be searched for recording devices during meetings, though she insists their comments are serious. She describes herself as persistent and unyielding, and uses derogatory remarks aimed at her as motivation to continue her advocacy for women's voices in discourse. At 37 years old, Spender defines herself as a feminist who still adheres to certain traditional roles, such as cooking breakfast for her partner of six years, though she refuses to let society's expectations manipulate her behaviour. With a plethora of qualifications, she teaches women's studies at the University of London, edits ""Women's Studies International Quarterly,"" and is the author of several books, including her latest, ""Man Made Language."" In her writings, Spender highlights the gender biases embedded in language, illustrating how terms used for women often carry negative connotations compared to their male equivalents. She points out that words associated with women, such as 'mistress' or 'dame', often imply a sexual context, while male titles remain neutral or respectful. She criticises the absence of language that captures women's unique experiences and the pervasive default usage of male terms to represent humanity, such as using 'he' to denote mankind, which inherently excludes women. Furthermore, Spender raises concerns about the way psychological definitions are constructed, suggesting that they perpetuate negative stereotypes about femininity and trivialize women's experiences. She notes that impotence is often characterised as a failure caused by women, while frigidity is seen as a deficiency in women themselves. Spender's research emphasizes that linguistics has been dominated by male perspectives that have historically silenced women. She argues for a language that authentically represents women's power, autonomy, and strength, challenging the belief that women's speech is inferior. Spender's vision is for a future where the language evolves to reflect the realities of women's experiences, thus reducing their status as a muted group in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810810_2_98_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810810.2.98.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,366206400
7173,15,08,1981,"Poet With Mud In His Gun (Press, 15 August 1981)","In his review of Clive James's book ""Charles Charming’s Challenges on the Pathway to the Throne,"" published in 1981, Naylor Hillary highlights the mixed reactions from critics. Paul Theroux's review in the ""Sunday Times"" describes James as having a ""curious ambition to be a famous Australian,"" while accusing him of being both pompous and overly familiar in his style. This sentiment is echoed by other British reviewers who view James's long poem as an attempt to capitalise on the excitement surrounding the recent Royal wedding. The poem, spanning 2,500 lines, is generally seen as vulgar and trite, although it does contain a few commendable couplets and humorous moments. The book has drawn criticism for its inconsistent tone; reviewers argue that James should either have maintained his satirical approach towards the Royals throughout the piece or offered unreserved praise. Despite the overwhelming negative reviews, the left-leaning ""New Statesman"" defended the poem, finding it engaging and amusing, characterising Charles as a ""diffident, puzzled Action Man."" James is noted for his astute observations on the role of Prince Charles, with lines reflecting on the importance of constitutional monarchy. The review quotes passages where James critiques non-monarchical rule, successfully capturing the nuanced perspective of a constitutional lawyer—albeit with less elegance. James's depiction of Australia is also emphasised, with the character of media mogul Kerry Packer referred to as ""Packmule,"" who greets Charles in a rather casual manner. The poem introduces a wide range of characters, some under whimsical aliases, which can become tiresome for readers unfamiliar with them. Hillary points out that while James has moments of success, such as a humorous scene involving Prince Charles driving a tank into a pond, much of the content is not as polished or engaging. There is a conclusion that a more succinct piece would have benefitted the overall impact of the poem. Additionally, the book is accompanied by a record and features a caricature of Prince Charles illustrated by Marc, which has sold out on souvenir mugs, even if the book and record themselves are said to be selling slowly in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810815_2_114_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810815.2.114.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,366638400
5063,17,08,1981,"Feminists Challenge Good-old-boys Network (Press, 17 August 1981)","At the Bohemian Grove in Monte Rio, California, an exclusive gathering of 2,500 elite figures from American politics and business is marked by a peculiar tradition known as the ""Cremation of Care."" This ceremony features a wooden skeleton symbolising worldly concerns being set ablaze by priests dressed in scarlet robes, accompanied by the lively tune “We’ll Have a Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight.” The ritual is intended to allow attendees to temporarily escape the pressures of the outside world, as articulated by member William F. Buckley. This year, however, the event has been overshadowed by controversy as the Bohemian Club faces criticism over its all-male membership policy. Feminist groups are actively demanding entry into the historically male-only enclave, challenging the club’s exclusion of women even in service roles. Additionally, a legal dispute is brewing as the state of California sues the club for sex discrimination. Further complicating matters, allegations have surfaced regarding sexual escapades involving members and paid escorts, as well as accusations of homosexuality within the gathering, leading nuclear protestors to target the event. The Bohemian Club, founded in 1872, is known for its secrecy and the influential individuals who comprise its membership, including high-profile figures like Ronald Reagan, former Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford, and various senior politicians and business leaders. This accumulation of power has drawn particular scrutiny given Reagan's strong association with the club, raising questions about the implications of such memberships for those in positions of authority, especially regarding issues of discrimination. Despite mounting pressure, the club maintains its practices, with members defending the exclusion of women by citing a need for an uninhibited environment. A former California governor suggested that women would disrupt the group's camaraderie and expressed concerns over privacy issues in a setting where nudity and relaxed behaviour occur. Lavish entertainments, including elaborate theatre productions where men dress as women, are features of the gathering, further highlighting the club's prioritisation of leisure over inclusivity. Among the club’s activities, significant decisions that influence national policies are made while affluence and power dictate social dynamics within the tents named for whimsical themes. Even as they engage in discussions impacting the country's future, members indulge in extravagant dining experiences, consuming vast quantities of food and drink. The state's efforts to challenge the club’s membership policy suggest a shifting landscape in societal expectations around discrimination, aiming to ensure that even wealthy organisations adhere to civil rights laws. Despite some club members expressing disbelief that respected women would wish to participate in the club's revelry, critics argue that substantial business dealings occur in such exclusive settings, marginalising women and minorities in the process. The ongoing legal battle may result in limited changes, possibly only extending to the hiring of women as staff, rather than affecting the entrenched membership rules.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810817_2_91_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810817.2.91.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,366811200
7174,20,08,1981,"‘Pork Pie’ Man Looks At Future Of N.Z. Films (Press, 20 August 1981)","The article by Helen Brown, published on 20 August 1981, revolves around Geoff Murphy, a distinctive figure in New Zealand's film industry, known for his film ""Pork Pie."" The narrative begins with the author's interaction with a punk-styled woman, Robin, who is Geoff Murphy's daughter. She asks the author to fetch takeaways, setting an informal tone for the ensuing meeting with Murphy. Murphy, aged 42, is depicted as a creative character, seen in a bright orange jacket while editing ""Pork Pie"" at the National Film Unit. He discusses the intricacies of filmmaking, noting that certain local elements will be cut out for a foreign audience. Murphy believes that the heart of ""Pork Pie"" lies in the rebellious spirit of the characters rather than their illegal activities, stating that real rebellion is in their perspective. The interview reveals Murphy’s understanding of, and frustration with, the legal constraints surrounding creative expression in New Zealand. He claims that achieving anything in the country often requires permits, reflecting a rigid regulatory environment. Moreover, he shares that he has personally taken on various roles during filming, including driving cars and using his children as extras, which illustrates his do-it-yourself approach. Murphy also reflects on his past as a primary school teacher, expressing disdain for the educational system and the challenges of engaging with troubled students. His transition into filmmaking began in 1970, motivated by his friends working in television. Despite early successes, he faced financial struggles and was on the dole while creating “Pork Pie,” which, although a hit, has only just covered its costs. The narrative touches upon the broader context of the New Zealand film industry, highlighting a pivotal moment marked by the release of four independent films that ignited a demand for local content. This led to the establishment of the Film Commission, which provides funding and support. Murphy cautions against excessive celebration of this newfound success, warning that the industry's survival is precarious. He stresses the need for local audiences to appreciate New Zealand cinema, which can influence international perceptions of the country and potentially boost its economy. In conclusion, the article presents Geoff Murphy as a committed filmmaker navigating the challenges of the New Zealand film industry, balancing artistry with the harsh realities of funding and distribution, while advocating for local narratives that resonate with Kiwi audiences. He continues to work late into the night, preparing a version of “Pork Pie” tailored for British viewers, while maintaining his quirky, rebellious spirit.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810820_2_86_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810820.2.86.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,367070400
5065,29,08,1981,"Lonely-hearts Too Strong In Israel? (Press, 29 August 1981)","In 1981, a growing concern among Israel's religious authorities emerged regarding the content of lonely-hearts columns in major newspapers like ""Maariv"" and ""Yedioth Ahronoth."" These columns, which traditionally featured more conservative advertisements for romantic companionship, began to be populated by more explicit and provocative requests, including offers for partner-swapping, sadomasochism, and prostitution. Chief Rabbi Shlomo Goren voiced his discontent, urging the two leading newspapers to implement censorship to curtail the presence of such advertisements. While ""Maariv"" responded positively to the call for censorship, indicating a commitment to filtering out explicit content and avoiding advertisements with personal contact information, ""Yedioth Ahronoth"" had yet to make a decision on whether to comply. Rabbi Goren's aide, Zalman Kroitner, highlighted the concerns of citizens who found the recent advertisements offensive, reporting that while the authorities did not engage with the content themselves, they were receiving numerous complaints. The nature of the advertisements had markedly shifted from the more subdued requests seeking serious relationships to increasingly bold listings that included offers from ""pretty soldiers"" seeking remuneration for companionship and ""married couples"" looking for additional partners. This change mirrored the liberal trends taking hold in Israel during that time. As a response to the surge in such content, newspapers began to segment their lonely-hearts columns, differentiating between more traditional matchmaking advertisements (shidduchim) and those seeking more casual acquaintanceships (hereruyot). At the same time, the weekly magazine ""Ha'ir"" distinguished itself by openly embracing and publishing advertisements that catered to alternative lifestyles, including threesomes and other non-traditional romantic arrangements. Editor Meir Schnitzer expressed a firm stance against the Rabbinate's requests for censorship, arguing that individuals should be able to pursue their desires as long as they provided their names and contact details. Overall, the evolving nature of classified advertisements in Israeli media during this period highlighted a tension between the liberalising societal norms and the conservative values upheld by the country's religious authorities, sparking an ongoing debate about freedom of expression and the limits of content in public forums.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810829_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810829.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,367848000
5064,29,08,1981,"One-act Play Festival (Press, 29 August 1981)","The New Zealand Theatre Federation held its annual one-act play festival at Wharenui School on the evenings of August 28 and 29, 1981. This event showcases various entries from around New Zealand, with local festivals leading up to divisional competitions to select finalists. This year, the South Island divisional competition featured five productions. One of the plays presented was “The Madness of Lady Bright” by Lanford Wilson, performed by the Riccarton Players. The play explores the decline of a lonely and frustrated aging homosexual, portrayed by Nic Farrar in a demanding lead role. While Farrar demonstrated potential with his performance, the challenging nature of the role highlighted his youth, resulting in a portrayal that struggled to fully convey the character's emotional depth. Supportive shadow characters, played by Vivienne Thomas and Terry Upston, contributed to the play's intensity, although their inconsistent American accents detracted from their performances. Director Douglas Clarke's innovative use of lighting and sound added an adventurous element to the production. Another piece featured was “A Slight Ache” by Harold Pinter, directed by Pat Dolamore for the Westport Community Players. The play revolves around a couple, Flora and Edward, and depicts the peculiar moments of their lives during the longest day of the year. Brian Lawrence portrayed Edward with charm, effectively invoking humour, though his pacing became monotonous as the play progressed. Sue Lawrence's portrayal of Flora improved throughout the performance but could have benefitted from a stronger initial characterisation to enhance later developments. The decision to mime a match seller, a central point of intrigue in the play, was an interesting choice that added ambiguity to the interpretation for the audience. The results from the divisional semi-finals will determine three plays that advance to the final competition, which is set to take place in Paraparaumu the following month. Dale Hendry is the judge for these semi-finals. Overall, the festival brought together a diverse range of productions, showcasing the talent within New Zealand's theatrical community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810829_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810829.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,367848000
5066,02,09,1981,"Uneasy Lull In Frightened Atlanta (Press, 2 September 1981)","The trial of Wayne Williams, charged with two murders related to the Atlanta child murders case, is set to begin on October 5, 1981. Since the killings, which claimed the lives of 28 young Black individuals, came to a halt two months ago, there has been a noticeable change in the mood in Atlanta. The city, once gripped by fear and panic, is gradually returning to a semblance of normality, with children playing in the streets once more and a decrease in suspicion towards strangers in Black neighbourhoods. The former widespread display of green ribbons in protest against the murders has also diminished across the country. Williams, a 23-year-old local Black freelance photographer, maintains his innocence and has pleaded not guilty to the charges. His attorney, Mary Welcome, asserts that the state's case is weak. Police surveillance reportedly linked Williams to the scene of the crime after hearing a loud splash in the Chattahoochee River, where the body of Nathaniel Cater, one of the victims, was later discovered. Forensic evidence, including matched carpet fibres from Williams's home and dog hairs, has been cited as critical to the prosecution's case, though the reliability of this “trace evidence” is contested. Despite the circumstantial evidence, the most compelling factor for many in Atlanta is the cessation of murders since Williams's arrest. Speculations arise that if he were not the true murderer, someone else might have halted their actions out of concern for being implicated. The police's focus remains on whether to connect Williams to other murders among the 28 victims, as investigations have suggested that the murders likely involved no more than 20 victims in total, aged between seven and 27. The community remains visibly unsettled, as theories surrounding the motives for the killings, including potential sexual motivations, persist. Some bodies were found nude or partially clothed, and Cater had been known to frequent a homosexual bar shortly before his disappearance. Williams's connections as a talent scout to many young Black individuals have fueled media coverage suggesting he may have been seen with some of the victims prior to their deaths, although this remains unconfirmed. Legal strategies for the trial may revolve around the publicity surrounding Williams, with the defence considering the possibility of seeking a change in venue, though they ultimately decided against it in light of Atlanta’s predominantly Black population. The prosecution is pushing for the death penalty, indicating the gravity of the charges against Williams. The broader context of racial dynamics in Atlanta complicates the case further, with fears of potential violence or unrest should underlying racial tensions be involved. The possibility of a white racially motivated conspiracy has been a frequent concern among the public, and the revelation that the accused is Black has brought temporary relief to some white citizens. As the city continues to grapple with the implications of these murders, both Williams's trial and the associated societal reactions are expected to expose deeper class and social issues within Atlanta’s Black community. Concerns for public safety persist, particularly among Black parents wary of allowing their children outside after dark, indicating that the healing process for Atlanta is far from complete.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810902_2_128_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810902.2.128.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,368193600
5067,07,09,1981,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 7 September 1981)","Meals on Wheels are now being airlifted daily to 16 residents of Waiheke Island, with meals prepared at the National Women’s Hospital in Auckland. The process involves transferring the meals by courier van to Mechanics Bay and then flying them via See Bee Air floatplane to either Surfdale or Oneroa, depending on wind conditions. Red Cross volunteers collect the meals upon arrival at the beach and deliver them throughout the island. The entire process takes about two hours, ensuring that the food remains at the right temperature in insulated containers. However, inclement weather can disrupt flights, leading to local rest homes providing alternative meals if necessary. The operation relies on about 60 flexible volunteers who must adapt to unexpected pick-up locations. In another note, efforts by a small team at Canterbury University are underway to document personal experiences related to the controversial Springbok tour. So far, around ten contributions have been collected from various individuals, including a sharemilker from Taranaki and school teachers. Mrs Elizabeth Gordon, part of the initiative, expressed a desire to gather personal writings to enrich understanding of the event beyond what is reported in newspapers. Those wishing to contribute are encouraged to contact Peter Simpson, Mrs Gordon, or Patrick Evan at the university's English Department. On the topic of legal matters, the New Zealand gay rights magazine ""Pink Triangle"" reported that same-sex marriages might soon be legalised in Sweden. A parliamentary committee has recommended the legal recognition of homosexual marriages, and the Swedish Parliament plans to draft legislation based on this recommendation before 1982. The committee suggested a clear legal framework concerning issues like heredity, joint taxation, pensions for surviving partners, and rights to social services benefits. Notably, in 1873, Swedish Parliament accepted same-sex couples into society, and Sweden was the first nation to reject the World Health Organisation’s classification of homosexuality as a mental illness. An amusing incident occurred recently with a young bus passenger who attempted to travel from a bus stop to New Brighton. Upon requesting a ticket, the driver clipped it off but required payment. The boy, presumably around 12, handed over a 50c piece, resulting in the return of change consisting of one-cent coins, much to the amusement of other passengers. Lastly, a reader shared some amusing examples of the jargon used by real estate agents. These included phrases like ""distinctive,"" referring to an eccentric property built in 1931, and ""ideal for redevelopment,"" implying the current owner could not secure planning permission for improvements. Other descriptions included terms like “idyllic,” hinting at low beams and dry rot, or ""near public transport,"" which humorously indicated the property's proximity to a busy railway line.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810907_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810907.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,368625600
5068,09,09,1981,"New Kinsey Report Debunks Gay Ideas (Press, 9 September 1981)","The article from the ""Sunday Times"" by Michael Pye discusses the forthcoming report from the Kinsey Institute, which challenges conventional theories regarding the origins of homosexuality. It highlights a family dynamic that includes a dominating mother and an aloof father, and a young boy who struggles with his identity amidst these influences. Popular beliefs suggest that such familial circumstances play a critical role in determining a child's sexual preference, often predicting that these influences could lead to homosexuality. However, the new Kinsey report, set to be released in November 1981, contends that the family is not a significant factor in the development of homosexual orientations. Martin Weinberg, one of the co-authors of the report, asserts that parents should not blame themselves if their children identify as homosexual. The report argues against psychoanalyst theories that link suffocating maternal figures or absent paternal ones to homosexuality. Instead, it suggests that homosexual feelings can begin to manifest as early as three years of age, indicating a potentially biological basis rather than one formed through life experiences or family dynamics. The study, which is the largest of its kind, involved detailed questionnaires from 979 homosexual individuals in the San Francisco area along with comparisons to 477 heterosexuals. The data was used to assess the validity of common theories regarding sexual preference, revealing that family relationships and positions within the family (such as being a first or only child) do not correlate strongly with sexual orientation. Interestingly, while mothers of homosexual men tended to have more control in the household, they did not fit the negative stereotypes often portrayed in psychoanalytic theories. The report highlights that a significant portion of homosexual men recalled their fathers as having a distant relationship, but the expectation of familial resentment or negative feelings toward their fathers was seldom substantiated. The article also critiques the sociological ""labelling"" theory, demonstrating that only a small minority of homosexuals were labelled derogatorily before they had identified their sexual orientation. It indicates that experiences of seduction by older individuals are not a significant factor in determining homosexuality, as many reported their first sexual encounters as being with peers. Additionally, the report emphasises the diverse interests of homosexual men, noting a preference for solitary activities over traditional masculine pastimes. The researchers conclude that the notion of parental influence on children's enjoyment of certain activities, such as sports or dolls, is inconclusive, suggesting that individual preferences are innate. In summary, the Kinsey Institute's research provides substantial evidence that challenges existing psychoanalytic and sociological theories regarding the origins of homosexuality and the impact of family dynamics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810909_2_98_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810909.2.98.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,368798400
7090,10,09,1981,"Springbok Tour (Press, 10 September 1981)","In a series of letters to the editor published in ""The Press"" on 10 September 1981, various writers reacted to the ongoing protests surrounding the Springbok rugby tour of New Zealand, which was a highly contentious issue at the time due to South Africa's apartheid policies. V. H. Anderson expressed concern about the involvement of various groups, including clergy, in protests that he perceived as disconnected from the cause of advocating for gay rights and social justice. He questioned whether church leaders should support such demonstrations and suggested they should reconsider their affiliations with protest movements instead of local sports clubs. In response to Anderson, R. Miedema argued that patriotic pride should extend to countering apartheid rather than ignoring international issues. He commended the police up to a point, but he criticized their provocation of violence and the need for peaceful demonstrators, including clergy, to wear protective gear, highlighting the paradox of needing safety while opposing oppression. Les Bogren entered the fray by suggesting that the protesters were attempting to impose their will on the majority, noting that they had been outnumbered at matches by those wanting to watch the games. He claimed the police's reluctance to facilitate access for protesters was itself provocative and ridiculed the notion of self-sacrifice for the cause, recalling a protestor's comment about a child dying for the movement with parental consent. Robin Mitchell discussed allegations regarding the anti-tour movement inviting the notorious Mongrel Mob gang to protests, defending the gang's behaviour as peaceful during previous demonstrations. He insisted that if racial incitement accusations were to be made, they should be aimed at the Rugby Union instead. Lastly, K. H. R. Baronian reflected on the Government's previous stance concerning New Zealand athletes attending the Moscow Olympic Games, insisting that the same standards apply to the rugby union regarding their participation in the Springbok tour under the Gleneagles Agreement, which condemned sporting contact with apartheid South Africa. Baronian hoped that media coverage of the protests would communicate to the world that many New Zealanders opposed their government’s handling of the tour. Overall, the letters highlight a deeply divided public sentiment regarding the protests, issues of national identity, and the role of civil action in opposing racial injustice during a tumultuous period in New Zealand's history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810910_2_100_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810910.2.100.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,368884800
7091,11,09,1981,"Gays Allege Tavern Ban (Press, 11 September 1981)","On 11 September 1981, a newly established group known as Gays and Lesbians Against Discrimination alleged that they had been ""thrown out"" of the Cantabrian Tavern. The group's spokesman, Mr H. Gaw, reported incidents over the past two weeks where gay patrons were allegedly refused service and asked to leave simply for their sexual orientation. Even individuals who were greeted as regulars for three years were removed on grounds of improper dress. The Cantabrian Tavern had become a key gathering spot for the gay community after similar discrimination occurred at the Vacation Hotel three years prior. Mr Gaw stated that four individuals had approached the tavern's lessee, Mr N. G. Mattison, who purportedly confirmed that gay people were no longer welcome at the establishment. This exclusion also applied to the Shades Tavern, which is also operated by Mr Mattison. In response, Mr Mattison denied the claims of discrimination, asserting that gay individuals were ""certainly not being victimised."" He explained that his tavern's policies were designed to comply with the Sale of Liquor Act, which allows management to refuse service without providing a specific reason. He acknowledged that while issues such as property damage had led staff to take precautions, this did not equate to targeting gay patrons. Mr Gaw mentioned that the group, which had formed with around 30 members, was gathering statements from those who had experienced refusal of service and was contemplating legal action. However, Mr R. L. Caird of the Human Rights Commission in Christchurch indicated that the commission could not intervene in these allegations as sexual orientation was not recognised in the Human Rights Act as a basis for unlawful discrimination. To express their discontent, the group planned a protest march directed at the tavern the same evening, following a meeting in Cathedral Square at 6.45 p.m. This event reflected a growing movement among LGBTQ+ individuals advocating for their rights against perceived societal and institutional discrimination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810911_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810911.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,368971200
5069,12,09,1981,"Homosexual March (Press, 12 September 1981)","On the evening of 11 September 1981, members of the Gays and Lesbians Against Discrimination organisation staged a peaceful march in protest of an alleged ban on serving them at the Cantabrian Tavern and Shades Tavern. The march, drawing an estimated 150 participants according to police, highlighted the group's grievances regarding discrimination in public spaces. Although the protest remained largely tranquil, it was noted that one egg was thrown near the Cantabrian Tavern during the event. The managers of both taverns, Mr F. McCormick and Mr N. Mattison, chose not to comment on the situation. However, Mr Mattison mentioned that approximately 70 patrons had attended Shades Arcade during the same timeframe. The incident reflects ongoing tensions surrounding discrimination against the LGBTQ+ community during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810912_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810912.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,369057600
5070,16,09,1981,"N.Z. Man In P.n.g. Teaching Row (Press, 16 September 1981)","A British teaching couple, John and Elizabeth Menzela, along with New Zealand colleague Marek Koscielecki, are embroiled in a controversy in Papua New Guinea that has significantly impacted Keravat National High School. The situation escalated after they lodged complaints regarding the school inspectorate's procedures and raised allegations about the sexuality of certain senior members of the Education Department. These issues led to unrest among the school's students, resulting in a near riot involving the institution's 440 students. Keravat National High School, located approximately 70km from Rabaul in East New Britain and one of the country's three premier pre-university schools, was officially closed on 15 September 1981 until the end of the term on 25 September 1981. The protests stemmed from the students' support for their foreign teachers, who had been dismissed by the Education Department on 25 August 1981. The unrest included violent incidents, with school property being stoned and 200 students facing charges of unlawful assembly. In response to their dismissals, the Menzelas and Koscielecki submitted their resignations through a lawyer. Additionally, they received eviction notices from the principal, Robert Smillie, instructing them to vacate their residences or face forced removal. The disputes originated when the teachers challenged the methods of a school inspector who allegedly evaluated teachers by taking students aside. These evaluations can significantly influence a teacher's career trajectory, which raised concerns among the educators. The situation intensified with the teachers' allegations that the inspector was homosexual and claimed that a cabal of homosexuals held prominent positions within the Education Department in Port Moresby. In defence of the terminations, the Education Department's secretary, Paul Songo, stated that the teachers did not meet the standards required for educators in Papua New Guinea. However, the teachers argued that their contracts were terminated due to their insistence on highlighting what they perceived as ""moral problems"" within the inspectorate and the broader education system. As a result of these conflicts, the international community and observers have been drawn into the debate regarding the treatment of foreign educators and the implications of such accusations in Papua New Guinea's educational system. The controversy raises significant questions about the intersection of cultural values, educational efficacy, and the rights of teachers within the nation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810916_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810916.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,369403200
6909,16,09,1981,"New Kinsey Report (Press, 16 September 1981)","In a letter published on 16 September 1981, Lorraine Sydow expressed her criticism of a cartoon that accompanied an article about the new Kinsey report. She pointed out that the cartoon depicted a transvestite in a manner that was misleading, as many transvestites are heterosexual. Sydow noted that even Alfred Kinsey, the renowned sex researcher behind the report, would have acknowledged this fact. Her letter highlighted concerns about the portrayal of gender and sexuality in media representations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19810916_2_94_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19810916.2.94.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,369403200
4073,03,10,1981,"From The Right Shoulder (Press, 3 October 1981)","In a review published on 3 October 1981, A. J. Petre critiques John Kennedy's book ""Straight from the Shoulder,"" which reflects his experiences as editor of the ""Tablet."" The book, priced at $13.95 and consisting of 224 pages, portrays Kennedy as both a product of his generation and a keen observer of societal issues. Petre questions whether Kennedy’s insights are substantial enough to warrant a book-length exploration, noting the rapid obsolescence of some of the content, particularly the chapters addressing current political dynamics. Kennedy performs best in the early sections, discussing topics like newspapers, politics, and notable figures such as Norman Kirk and Robert Muldoon. However, later parts of the book lean towards sermonising, especially with frequent references to the abortion debate. He presents a bleak outlook for New Zealand's future, highlighting concerns such as increasing family pressures, the threat of euthanasia, rising poverty, higher divorce rates, violence, and a deepening moral crisis. Yet, Kennedy also identifies reasons for optimism. He advocates for greater faith in the youth, a collective confidence, a return to religious values, and a renewed focus on family and morality, suggesting that these could position New Zealand as a beacon in the Pacific region. He raises the critical question of whether society possesses the determination to make essential sacrifices for progress. There are instances in the book where Kennedy generalises, particularly when discussing students who complain about financial hardships despite having luxury items. Such statements might alienate some readers, as does his commentary on the gay liberation movement, which he suggests inspires intolerant reactions. Kennedy openly discusses the media's role in New Zealand's democracy, suggesting that his earlier remarks criticising Labour’s political coherence may not be well-received by the party. He expresses a nuanced appreciation for both Kirk and Muldoon, reflecting admiration for Muldoon as a person, despite censure of his political style and treatment of the media. Kennedy candidly presents his views, and while many may find them uncomfortable, they often provoke critical thought, particularly in relation to the changing political landscape of New Zealand during that era. Overall, the review portrays ""Straight from the Shoulder"" as a provocative read, laden with insights reflective of the time’s sociopolitical climate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811003_2_91_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811003.2.91.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,370872000
6659,14,10,1981,"Poor Reviews For Bruce Mason Play (Press, 14 October 1981)","The Court Theatre's production of Bruce Mason's play ""Blood of the Lamb"" has garnered unfavourable reviews from Australian critics following its performance in Sydney. Published on 14 October 1981, the critique from Viki Wright in the ""Australian"" notes that the play, while genuinely written by the New Zealand playwright, fails to effectively address its themes despite the strong acting, particularly highlighting Elizabeth Moody's role as Henry Higginson. Wright acknowledges the portrayal of Maori life in New Zealand but suggests that the play falls short in its representation of lesbianism, stating that it lacks significant appeal. Similarly, Taffy Davies from the Sydney ""Sun"" remarked on the play's structural issues, indicating that its reliance on narration diminishes its theatrical impact. He described the overall experience as more valuable for its curiosity than for its effectiveness as a stage production, suggesting that the narrative style would be better suited to a novel format. The play features characters such as Henry Higginson, played by Moody, alongside Judie Douglas as Eliza Higginson, and Tomascita Edgerton as their daughter Victoria. Overall, despite the commendable performances, the production has not managed to impress the critics significantly.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811014_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811014.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,371822400
5071,17,10,1981,"Life Beyond Plumb (Press, 17 October 1981)","In a review dated 17 October 1981, John Goulter discusses Maurice Gee's novel ""Meg,"" which serves as a sequel to his earlier work ""Plumb,"" published in 1978. Following the acclaim of ""Plumb,"" which presented the life of George Plumb—a character reminiscent of Gee’s grandfather, James Chapple—Gee shifts the narrative focus to Plumb's daughter, Meg. In ""Plumb,"" George Plumb is depicted as a larger-than-life figure, a complex man seeking a utopian vision intertwined with his failings as a father and husband. As the narrative unfolds, he embarks on a journey of self-discovery, culminating in a poignant understanding of his life. In ""Meg,"" Goulter highlights that the novel retains the depth of its predecessor while introducing the perspective of Meg, who is portrayed as deeply vulnerable and central to the family dynamics. Meg is not only the catalyst for her father's journey but also becomes an anchor for him upon his return home. The narrative explores Meg’s own experiences and the legacy of her father through her memories and struggles, offering a fresh lens on the Plumb family saga. The novel reveals Meg's battles with sentimentality and her reflection on an almost idyllic yet troubling childhood, marked by her father's emotional absence. As she recounts various family tragedies—including her brother Robert's illness and the impact of their father's rejection of another son due to his homosexuality—Meg emerges as a resilient character who navigates the complexity of her family's legacy while confronting the past. Goulter notes the structural sophistication of Gee’s writing, emphasising how the craft appears effortless, filled with layers beneath its simplicity. The deterioration of Peacehaven, the family home, symbolizes the disintegration of George Plumb's once-mighty influence. Meg's journey represents a poignant exploration of loss as she comes to terms with her identity outside her father’s shadow. Throughout the narrative, echoes of George Plumb's legacy are present, particularly in moments that reflect familial patterns of exclusion and acceptance. Goulter suggests that ""Meg"" is a nuanced continuation of ""Plumb,"" revealing new insights and marking a transition for the next generation. While Meg’s story may seem less impactful than her father’s due to the stage of her life, it ultimately signifies a vital part of the larger narrative, touching upon themes of identity, acceptance, and the complexities of familial ties. Goulter concludes with hope for a continuation of the trilogy, likely narrated by Meg's son, Raymond, who embodies the connections to both the Plumb and Sole identities. In this way, Gee's work not only explores individual character arcs but also reflects on the broader evolution of family and legacy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811017_2_88_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811017.2.88.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,372081600
5072,21,10,1981,"Dead Man’s Throat Cut, Back Stabbed (Press, 21 October 1981)","An autopsy conducted on 20 October 1981 revealed that Gerald Leslie Cuthbert, a 27-year-old New Zealand man, had been brutally murdered in a Paddington flat in Sydney. He was stabbed 64 times and had his throat slashed. The police suspect that Cuthbert, believed to be homosexual, may have unknowingly invited his killer back to the flat. The grim discovery was made by the current flat occupants, Simon Cant and Edward Morris, upon their return from a weekend away at around 6.15 p.m. on 18 October. They found Cuthbert's naked body in a blood-soaked bedroom, lying face down on the bed with multiple stab wounds in his back. Investigating officers theorise that Cuthbert met his assailant at one of the bars in Darlinghurst, a vibrant area known for its nightlife, before taking him back to the flat. Although Cuthbert had moved out of the flat earlier, he had a key and permission from the new residents to use the space. The weekend of the incident, Cant and Morris were out of town, and other tenants in the block reported no unusual noises or occurrences. Police are working to reconstruct Cuthbert's last movements, noting he was last seen at the YMCA where he had been living, around 3 p.m. on the day before his body was found. Cuthbert had moved from New Zealand five years prior, and although he lived a quiet life with few friends in Sydney, his family still resides in New Zealand. Authorities have not yet identified a potential murder weapon, but they have thoroughly searched the flat and its garden, finding the rest of the apartment undisturbed aside from the bedroom. Detectives are considering the possibility that the killer may be mentally unstable. The investigation continues as they seek to unravel the circumstances surrounding this tragic and violent crime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811021_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811021.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,372427200
5073,21,10,1981,"Teachers To Get P.n.g. Jobs Back? (Press, 21 October 1981)","On 21 October 1981, it was reported that a British teaching couple, John and Elizabeth Mendzela, who had been dismissed by the Papua New Guinea Education Department due to their allegations of maladministration against a group of homosexual officials in the department, might be reinstated following an inquiry by the Ombudsman Commission. The couple had raised concerns about the conduct of one inspector, believed to be homosexual, who allegedly questioned students privately regarding their teachers' performance. This conduct was part of the processes used to evaluate contract renewals for teachers. Their allegations led to significant unrest at Keravat National High School, where a riot involving the majority of the 420 fifth and sixth-form students occurred last month in support of the Mendzelas. In the aftermath of the conflict, the Deputy Prime Minister, Mr. Iambakey Okuk, indicated he would propose to the Cabinet to drop charges against students who had participated in the riot, described as unlawful assembly. The Secretary for Education, Mr. Paul Songo, stated that he had received a thorough briefing from the Chief Ombudsman and acknowledged the recommendations of the Ombudsman Commission report, which advised against the Mendzelas' dismissal. Songo expressed support for the Ombudsman’s findings, leading to a proposal for the Public Services Commission to offer the Mendzelas one-year contracts to begin at the start of the 1982 school year. The full details of the Ombudsman Commission's report had not yet been made public, but it was clear that the Mendzelas, along with their New Zealand colleague Marek Koscjeclecki who had already returned to New Zealand, had formally raised issues regarding the ethics of the education inspectorate's procedures. Their claims suggested that there was an inappropriate grouping of homosexual officials within the Education Department’s administration in Port Moresby, which they felt compromised the integrity of the inspection processes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811021_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811021.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,372427200
5074,24,10,1981,"Socred Plans A ‘new Society' (Press, 24 October 1981)","On 24 October 1981, the New Zealand Social Credit Party unveiled its 1981 election manifesto, titled ""New Society,"" which offers a vision for increased citizen involvement in governance and more individual choices. The manifesto, released by party leader Mr B. C. Beetham, is structured in 31 sections and aims to address a range of societal issues through incentives rather than stringent regulations. This marks the first manifesto from the three leading political parties for the upcoming election, with 25,000 copies printed for sale at $2.95 each. The manifesto outlines key policies in several areas, starting with agriculture, where it promotes private land ownership and discourages purchases by non-farming interests through the Land Aggregation Act. It proposes low-interest financing for farmers, tax exemptions on increased production, and initiatives in irrigation and rural education. In arts and culture, Social Credit proposes funding allocated on a triennial basis to the Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council, the establishment of a Ministry of Arts and Culture, and tax incentives for businesses supporting the arts. The broadcasting policy encourages private enterprise TV and educational TV development, alongside reduced licence fees for pensioners. On defence, a Defence Council would be formed to reorganise the armed forces, focusing on peacekeeping and civil defence, while barring nuclear-powered ships from New Zealand ports. Education policy plans for decentralisation and support for independent schools include the introduction of a Certificate of Attainment for school leavers and revisions to university entrance examinations. Energy policies express a commitment to self-sufficiency and the promotion of hydroelectric power, along with restrictions on coal exports. The manifesto envisages the Electricity Division becoming a public corporation and encourages the development of alternative fuels. Environmental concerns would see the establishment of a Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, strict logging restrictions on certain forests, and limits on land sales to foreign entities. Finance proposals focus on creating a national credit authority and regulating maximum interest rates for lending institutions, alongside a minimum wage guarantee and tax reforms favouring small and medium businesses. In foreign affairs, Social Credit aims to enhance trade relations and advocate for nuclear-free zones while maintaining a commitment to the ANZUS agreement until a more comprehensive strategy is established. Healthcare reforms call for decentralised health services, an increase in medical subsidies, and an emphasis on preventive and alternative medicine. Housing initiatives include inflation-proofed savings for first-home buyers and gradual interest rate reductions. Industrial relations would see the formation of unions across industries, with job-sharing and shorter working weeks advocated for. The manifesto promises improvements in law enforcement and outlines plans for a Bill of Rights, changes in electoral laws to adopt proportional representation, and measures for decentralising governance while phasing out the Department of Maori Affairs. In social welfare, it proposes a co-ordinated system managing superannuation and accident compensation alongside a network of workplace creches. Finally, the manifesto includes an emphasis on youth affairs, creating job opportunities, and utilising Maori and Pacific Island leadership in youth justice cases. Overall, Social Credit’s 1981 manifesto presents a comprehensive set of policies aimed at fostering greater participation, individual enterprise, and social welfare in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811024_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811024.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,372686400
5076,26,10,1981,"‘More Than 300m To Get V.d.’ (Press, 26 October 1981)","Dr R. D. Catterall, the president of the International Union against Venereal Diseases, made alarming statements regarding the global rise of venereal diseases during an international conference in Christchurch on 25 October 1981. He projected that more than 300 million individuals would contract venereal diseases in the following year and highlighted the World Health Organisation’s estimates of around 250 million new cases of gonorrhoea and 50 million new cases of syphilis annually. However, he pointed out that the true incidence of many sexually transmitted infections (STIs), numbering over 24, remains largely unknown, with some believed to be more prevalent than the historically recognised diseases. Dr Catterall warned that the outlook for STIs is grim, with an expectation of increasing infections, albeit at a slower rate than seen in the past two decades. A significant concern is the growing antibiotic resistance in treating these diseases, particularly gonorrhoea, which first showed strains resistant to penicillin in Britain and the United States in 1976. He reported that resistant strains are now seen globally, especially due to the overuse of antibiotics without prescriptions in various regions, notably in Southeast Asia and West Africa. The doctor asserted that while substantial advancements have been made in treating STIs with the introduction of antibiotics like penicillin, emerging diseases and pathogens complicate treatment. Notably, a new class of sexually transmitted infections, primarily viral in nature, pose greater health risks than traditional diseases like syphilis and gonorrhoea. Among these, the Herpes simplex virus is particularly troubling in developed nations, causing severe pain and serious complications, including cancer of the cervix and risks during childbirth. Another critical issue highlighted was the prevalence of symptomless infections; up to 60 per cent of women and 10 per cent of men with gonorrhoea might not exhibit symptoms, delaying diagnosis and treatment. The silent nature of these infections facilitates further transmission, as many remain unaware of their condition. Dr Catterall also raised alarms about the role of contraceptive methods that do not protect against STIs, such as the contraceptive pill and intrauterine devices (IUDs), compared to barrier methods like condoms. The tendency for self-treatment with antibiotics without professional guidance exacerbates the issue of antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, he indicated that global travel contributes to the rapid spread of these diseases, particularly in tourist hotspots. Ultimately, Catterall stressed the necessity for improved health education and a more tolerant societal approach towards those infected to better combat the rising rates of sexually transmitted diseases. Without such advancements in education and treatment approaches, he expected the prevalence of STIs to continue to rise in the years ahead.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811026_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811026.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,372855600
5075,26,10,1981,"Cancer Help In Vd Drug? (Press, 26 October 1981)","Dr R. D. Catterall, president of the International Union against Venereal Diseases and Treponematoses, announced in Christchurch on 26 October 1981 that a new vaccine to prevent hepatitis B, a strain of venereal disease that can lead to liver cancer, might be available as early as 1982. He highlighted the vaccine's ability to provide several years of immunity against the sexually transmitted disease, which is known to affect a significant number of individuals without causing symptoms. Dr Catterall explained that the sexual transmission of the hepatitis B virus is well-documented, particularly among a small group of homosexual men who often become supercarriers of the virus, thereby contributing to a majority of infections. He noted that severe late complications of hepatitis B include chronic aggressive hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, and the possibility of developing hepatoma, or liver cancer. Currently, the vaccine requires three injections for adequate protection, which Dr Catterall remarked can be quite expensive. However, he expressed optimism about the new vaccine, stating that its development represents more than just a breakthrough in preventing a venereal disease; it holds the potential to prevent significant liver damage and is unique in being the first vaccine that may also prevent cancer in any field of medicine.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811026_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811026.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,372855600
5077,28,10,1981,"Reporter's Diary (Press, 28 October 1981)","On 28 October 1981, a Labour candidate revealed that the Wilkinson Sword group is offering gifts to successful election candidates. The company plans to present a shaver to male candidates and a paper sword to female candidates, while Bryant and May will supply the matches for a miniature Beehive model given to the leader of the winning party. Notably, no consolation prizes will be provided to unsuccessful candidates, as Wilkinson Sword has ceased production of cut-throat razors. In another story, an elderly race-goer from Christchurch experienced a mix-up at the Rangiora Labour Day meeting. After deciding to wait in a car for her companions, she ended up in the wrong vehicle, remaining oblivious until racing reporters intervened. When she was reunited with her friends, they were surprised at how both had been searching for one another. The woman jokingly remarked that she would suggest her regular driver opt for a different car colour. The film ""Mommie Dearest,"" chronicling Joan Crawford's tumultuous relationship with her adopted daughter, is garnering particular attention from the American homosexual community. One columnist noted that during a harrowing scene where Crawford punishes her daughter with a wire coat-hanger, audience members engaged in their own re-enactments, adding a layer of unintended comedy to the film’s impact. Regarding daylight saving time, shift workers are expected to face difficulties when the summer period ends on 7 March next year. While they enjoy the benefits of the extra hour of sunlight, they may find themselves working longer hours for the same pay after the change, illustrating the complexities faced by those with fixed schedules. Some younger citizens amusingly argued that the government was misguiding them about the time, reflecting a sense of rebellion against official decrees. In celebrity news, Elizabeth Taylor is preparing for her London stage debut in Lillian Hellman's ""The Little Foxes."" Contrary to her reputation for demanding extravagant changes to her dressing room, Taylor only requested an aquarium to enhance her backstage environment. The theatre has received numerous offers, ranging from simple goldfish bowls to elaborate wall displays with exotic fish, eagerly awaiting further instructions regarding Taylor's preference. Finally, a light-hearted exchange in a suburban wine shop highlights the humour in everyday interactions, as a customer asks for a white wine suitable for a party and a fellow patron jokingly responds with a playful remark about himself, embodying the qualities of a wine in an amusing metaphor.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811028_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811028.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,373028400
5078,02,11,1981,"San Franciscan Friend Retires (Press, 2 November 1981)","William Dauer, the president and manager of the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce, is stepping down after 17 years in his role. He started his tenure in 1964 when the city was grappling with a decline in its industrial and shipping sectors. Under his leadership, the chamber initiated a campaign to attract major corporations to set up their headquarters in San Francisco. This effort saw some success but sparked controversy among residents who were concerned about the increasing commercialisation and transformation of the downtown area, which some referred to as ""Manhattanisation."" Dauer has made significant efforts to foster ties with New Zealand, leading two trade missions there, including one earlier in 1981. He is now exploring a potential partnership with developer Warren Simmons to establish a deer farm in the Wairarapa. Simmons is currently in New Zealand to negotiate land acquisition for this joint venture. Dauer has expressed frustration with the local political landscape in San Francisco, particularly concerning the delayed initiative to establish a sister-city relationship with Wellington, New Zealand. This proposal has been stalled for six years due to a lack of serious consideration from San Francisco officials. The most recent setback was tied to a controversy involving a homosexual issue that arose during Wellington Mayor Sir Michael Fowler's visit to San Francisco in July 1981. During that visit, Fowler faced criticism from members of the local LGBTQ+ community regarding his stance on a lesbian group back in Wellington, complicating the proposal further. San Francisco's politicians are acutely aware of the influence of homosexual voters, leading to sensitivity around such topics. While Wellington has been eager to promote the twinning, San Francisco has shown indifference, with no signs of a citizens’ committee being established to facilitate a meaningful partnership. The current stance from the Mayor’s office suggests that approval will only be considered once such a committee is formed, though no efforts toward that end appear to be underway at present. Dauer remains hopeful that the sister-city agreement will eventually be realised, albeit with an uncertain timeline.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811102_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811102.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,373460400
5079,07,11,1981,"Homosexual Plea By Former M.P. (Press, 7 November 1981)","In Papua New Guinea, tensions surrounding homosexuality have escalated following remarks and actions from former Member of Parliament Stanis Toliman. On 7 November 1981, Toliman expressed his belief that homosexual individuals, particularly expatriates, should face severe consequences, including deportation or imprisonment, if found guilty of homosexual acts with locals. He called upon government and community leaders to unite against what he termed ""immoral practices"" and has actively communicated his concerns through letters to the East New Britain premier and various community governments. This outcry from Toliman is believed to have been sparked by recent disturbances at Keravat High School in East New Britain, where student protests erupted. These demonstrations resulted in the arrest of more than half of the school's 450 students, who were showing support for three expatriate teachers that had been dismissed from their positions. These educators, Mr and Mrs John Mehzela from Britain and New Zealander Marek Koscielecki, were ordered to leave the country due to allegations linking them to a group of homosexuals within the Education Department's Port Moresby head office. Toliman has taken a firm stance, insisting that anyone—national or expatriate—convicted of homosexual activities should be punished adequately, with suggestions for imprisonment lasting at least five years coupled with hard labour. His campaign reflects a broader resistance to the acceptance of homosexuality within Papua New Guinea, especially in the wake of the disturbances that have shaken the local educational environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811107_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811107.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,373892400
5080,09,11,1981,"Commenting On Life (Press, 9 November 1981)","On 9 November 1981, a review highlighted the shortcomings of the television show ""Lou Grant,"" which aired on Saturday. The series is set in a newspaper environment and attempts to grapple with significant social issues, but the reviewer found it lacking depth and predictability. This particular episode explored a storyline involving a fire in a homosexual bar, raising moral questions about whether to publish the names of those involved. The review criticised the show's approach as shallow and overly earnest, stating that it often resorts to sensationalism rather than offering meaningful commentary. The characters engaged in a moral debate that the reviewer deemed unnecessary and trivial compared to how news is typically reported in New Zealand, where violent deaths are openly published without such dilemmas. The performance of the characters, particularly the lead Edward Asner, was described as strange at times. The review also highlighted the absurdity of a subplot where a reporter attempts to take notes while riding in a speeding car, questioning the practicality of this action. Additionally, the reviewer commented on another show, ""Radio Times,"" aired on One. The review noted that changes in the show's cast had not benefited its quality. Terence Cooper, who replaced a more adept comedian, was found lacking in comic timing, and singer Brent Brodie, despite being talented, did not deliver his performance as well as his predecessor, Craig Scott. There was also a mention of Laurie Dee, who, despite his hard work, struggled with singing—a crucial skill for the format of the show. The review ultimately conveyed disappointment with both television programmes, expressing a desire for more engaging and entertaining content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811109_2_84_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811109.2.84.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,374065200
5081,11,11,1981,"'English As She Is Spoke’ (Press, 11 November 1981)","In a new guide released on 11 November 1981, Dr Robert Burchfield, a New Zealander and chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionaries, offers his insights on spoken English to British audiences. Drawing from two years of monitoring BBC radio and listener feedback from Britain, New Zealand, and the United States, Dr Burchfield aims to clarify pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary elements that often spark debate. The guide provides a list of words with common pronunciation issues that can offend listeners if pronounced incorrectly. For instance, he suggests that “composite” should have the stress on the third syllable, while “contribute” should emphasise the second syllable. Other words include “deity,” which should be pronounced as dee-ity, and “government,” where the first ‘n’ should be fully pronounced. Dr Burchfield also advises on words like “jewellery,” where the pronunciation should align with “jewelry,” and the appropriate stresses for “research.” His recommendations extend to other words often mispronounced, including “spontaneity,” “temporary,” “apartheid,” and “harassment.” He suggests that common phonetic missteps involve using incorrect vowel sounds, stresses, or syllable emphasis. Dr Burchfield’s ideal speaker is described as someone raised in the English home counties and educated at a traditional southern university, but he acknowledges that not everyone will agree with his guidelines. He cites a commentator from Radio Carlisle who expressed concern that such pronunciations may alienate northern listeners. Dr Burchfield also critiques the use of clichés in broadcasting, recommending simpler expressions instead, such as using “rich” rather than “affluent” or “important” instead of “crucial.” He encourages avoiding overly formal constructs, advocating for more straightforward expressions and suggests that avoiding split infinitives is preferable, although not mandatory. In addressing potential resistance from BBC broadcasters regarding his suggestions, Ian McIntyre, controller of BBC Radio 3, reassured that there would be no punitive measures for ignoring the guidelines, labelling them as sensible advice that many would consider. Dr Burchfield admits that developing the guide has been challenging, sharing a personal anecdote of consulting with Sir Alec Cairncross about the pronunciation of “economic,” ultimately concluding that both pronunciations are acceptable as long as one is consistent. This guide aims to promote clearer and more relatable spoken English for BBC announcers and listeners alike, enhancing communication across diverse audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811111_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811111.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,374238000
5082,25,11,1981,"Cable Briefs (Press, 25 November 1981)","On 25 November 1981, major news stories included a declaration of total war against white supremacy by the Azanian People’s Organisation (A.Z.A.P.O.) in South Africa. The A.Z.A.P.O. leader, Khehlka Mtembu, stated that peaceful change was no longer an option after the death of former activist Isaac Muofhe in police custody. This announcement followed Muofhe's arrest after an attack on a police station in Venda. In Denmark, Mogens Glistrup, the leader of an anti-tax party, was sentenced to four years in prison and fined $683,100 for tax fraud. The millionaire lawyer claimed political persecution and intended to appeal the decision. Glistrup gained prominence for his criticism of Denmark's tax system through television programmes. In the UK, a retrial is set for the Danby family, who were evicted from their home after 16 years. The Court of Appeal overturned a 1979 ruling that permitted the solicitor who sold them the cottage to buy it back at the original price from 1965, which was significantly lower than its current market value. Reports from northern Pakistan highlighted the dangers of anti-personnel mines disguised as toys, which injured at least 14 young men. The mines were part of attacks by Afghan forces, which also targeted refugee camps, resulting in fatalities among Afghans and Pakistani soldiers. In the United States, White House press secretary James Brady was discharged from the hospital eight months after sustaining severe injuries in an assassination attempt on President Reagan. Brady, who experienced significant brain damage and partial paralysis, will continue to require medical care. The Supreme Court in Australia commenced retrial proceedings for a woman previously convicted of murdering her husband with an axe. Her conviction was overturned last month after it was revealed she acted upon discovering his abusive relationship with their daughters. In Baltimore, a researcher was convicted of animal cruelty involving monkeys used in experiments. Dr Edward Taub was fined for the mistreatment of the animals, which suffered due to his nerve-cutting procedures intended to advance understanding of diseases. In London, Ken Livingstone faced backlash for a proposed grant to a homosexual youth club, with opponents claiming the funding could condone illegal activity, given the 21-year age limit for homosexual acts in Britain. Spain reported its worst drought of the 20th century, leading to approximately $1.5 billion in agricultural losses across regions such as Extremadura and Andalusia, severely impacting grain and livestock production. Finally, a draft resolution for a treaty banning the neutron bomb was approved by a United Nations General Assembly committee, though it passed with only slightly more than a majority of votes. This proposal, led by various Eastern Bloc countries, warned that such weapons could escalate the arms race and lead to nuclear conflict.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811125_2_66_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811125.2.66.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,375447600
5083,26,11,1981,"P.n.g. Ombudsman Finds School Inquiry False (Press, 26 November 1981)","the inspector, leading to the falsification of evidence. The Ombudsman Commission's report highlighted serious misconduct within the Education Department, emphasizing that the inquiry's shortcomings stemmed from a failure of duty among specific officials, rather than any considerations regarding the inspector’s sexual orientation. The inquiry was sparked by complaints from three expatriate teachers at Keravat National High School in East New Britain Province, who alleged that the school inspector had engaged in misconduct and that a homosexual network existed within the head office of the Education Department. The teachers, John and Elizabeth Medzela from Britain and New Zealand’s Marek Koscjeclecki, had faced dismissal after the Committee of Inquiry rejected their claims. However, after the Ombudsman Commission reviewed the situation and revealed its findings, the Medzelas were offered their positions back, while Koscjeclecki had already returned to New Zealand following the controversy. The Ombudsman noted the detrimental impact of the committee’s actions on the professional integrity of the Education Department, suggesting that some officers had acted in a manner that not only disrespected their responsibilities but also harmed the children and public they were meant to serve. The report called for significant accountability, specifically urging the dismissal of Dennis Donohoe, the superintendent of operations in the Education Department’s National Institutions Division, for his role in the flawed inquiry. By uncovering the truth of the matter, the Ombudsman Commission sought to rectify the injustices faced by the expatriate teachers and restore faith in the Education Department’s processes. The findings of the commission indicated a pressing need for reform within the department to ensure that similar incidents would not occur in the future and that the rights of all individuals, regardless of their sexual orientation, would be respected and protected within the educational framework of Papua New Guinea. The release of this report stirred discussions around integrity, justice, and the responsibilities of public officials within the nation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811126_2_126.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811126.2.126,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,375534000
5084,28,11,1981,"Support Group Planned (Press, 28 November 1981)","A couple from Hastings has travelled to Christchurch to establish support for parents and friends of homosexual men and women. They are scheduled to hold a meeting at the Lambda Centre, located in the Peterborough Street Arts Centre, at 3 p.m. today. The couple has chosen to remain anonymous to encourage people to approach them without hesitation. These support groups aim to assist parents in understanding and accepting their homosexual children, addressing a crucial need for information and community. The Hastings group was initiated approximately three years ago, as there was previously a lack of resources and support available for parents in similar situations. The couple's vision extends beyond Christchurch, hoping to see similar groups emerge in larger cities and towns across New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811128_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811128.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,375706800
5085,11,12,1981,"Robbery In Toilets Denied (Press, 11 December 1981)","On 11 December 1981, the High Court heard the case involving two men accused of assaulting and robbing Murray James Ward. The incident occurred on 29 November, when Ward was attacked in the toilets of the Manchester Street car park after playing darts at a hotel. Barry Gordon, 23, a barman, and Gary McQuillan, 26, a painter, both pleaded not guilty to charges of robbery involving the theft of $21 and Ward's clothing. Gordon faced an additional charge of robbery while armed with a belt. Crown prosecutor C.B. Atkinson outlined the events leading to the attack, stating that Ward, who is a labourer, was approached in the toilet by two men who questioned his sexual orientation. After he denied being homosexual, he was physically assaulted. One of the attackers held him down, while another used a belt as a weapon, wrapping it around Ward's throat and causing him to lose consciousness. During the assault, Ward managed to hand over the money he had in his possession. A passerby noticed Ward emerging from the toilets in a state of distress and took him to the hospital. On the defence side, no evidence was presented by the defendants. In his closing arguments, Gordon's lawyer, M.J. Knowles, highlighted inconsistencies in the Crown's case and argued that there was no concrete evidence tying Gordon to the attack. He insisted that the police had made a mistake in identifying Gordon as the attacker and that the prosecution had failed to meet the burden of proof. Similarly, McQuillan's defence, presented by G.E. Langham, emphasised the lack of evidence linking him to the assault. They pointed out that Ward could not identify either of his attackers, rendering the evidence presented by the Crown unreliable due to its inconsistencies and “loopholes.” Langham asserted that the only logical verdict could be an acquittal for McQuillan. The judge, Mr Justice Roper, planned to sum up the case the following morning, leaving the jury to deliberate on the evidence and the charges against the two men.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811211_2_55_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811211.2.55.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,376830000
5086,12,12,1981,"Guilty Verdicts In Toilet Robbery (Press, 12 December 1981)","On 12 December 1981, a jury in the High Court concluded a five-and-a-half-hour deliberation, resulting in the conviction of two men for aggravated robbery that occurred in the Christchurch City Council car park toilets on Manchester Street. The defendants, 26-year-old Gary William McQuillan, a painter, and 23-year-old Stephen Barry Gordon, a barman, were found guilty of robbing Murray James Ward of $21 and clothing on 29 November 1980. After the verdict was read, Gordon was visibly emotional, sobbing at the announcement. In addition to the robbery charge, he was also convicted of using an offensive weapon, specifically a belt, during the crime. Justice Roper expressed gratitude towards the jury for their careful deliberation and highlighted McQuillan's extensive criminal history, which consisted of numerous past convictions related to dishonesty and violence, extending over two feet in length. In contrast, Gordon had only a few minor theft convictions. During the trial, evidence revealed that McQuillan and Gordon had forcibly entered a toilet cubicle occupied by Ward, a married man, and accused him of being a homosexual. They physically assaulted him, tightening his trouser belt around his neck to the point of near unconsciousness while also punching and kicking him in the face. The assault culminated in them stealing Ward's trousers and underpants. After the attack, a bleeding and battered Ward managed to leave the toilets and was subsequently assisted by a passing motorist to Christchurch Hospital for medical treatment. McQuillan and Gordon are set to be sentenced on 18 December 1981.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811212_2_34_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811212.2.34.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,376916400
5087,19,12,1981,"Men Jailed For Toilet Robbery (Press, 19 December 1981)","On 19 December 1981, Gary William McQuillan, 26, and Stephen Barry Gordon, 23, were sentenced to nine months in jail by Mr Justice Roper in the High Court for their involvement in the violent assault and robbery of Murray James Ward. The incident occurred in a city toilet where the two men attacked Ward after mistakenly believing he was homosexual. They robbed him of $21 and took his clothing, leaving him battered, bleeding, and without pants or underpants as he staggered from the Manchester Street car park toilet. During the trial, evidence revealed the extent of Ward's injuries and the nature of the assault. Justice Roper noted that the violence seemed to stem from a ""baiting"" of Ward, which escalated into a brutal attack. He acknowledged that Gordon’s suggestion that the assault was ""a few moments of idiocy"" underscored a troubling cultural issue, stating that such violence is becoming alarmingly common and increasingly accepted. In court, Justice Roper remarked on the gravity of the situation, expressing concern about the normalisation of such violent acts against perceived homosexuality. He recognised that while Gordon had a history of minor offending, the assault represented a significant fall from grace. McQuillan, already serving time for previous convictions, had a long list of charges, although Justice Roper noted that removing non-violent offences from his record made it somewhat more palatable. McQuillan and Gordon were represented by legal counsel, Mr. G. E. Langham and Mr. M. J. Knowles, respectively. The ruling reflects broader social concerns about violence driven by prejudice and the psychological ramifications of such attitudes in society. This case highlights the serious implications of homophobia and the need for greater societal awareness and accountability regarding hate-driven violence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811219_2_30_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811219.2.30.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,377521200
5088,29,12,1981,"Bruised U.S. Press Looks Back At Year Of... (Press, 29 December 1981)","In 1981, the American media faced a tumultuous year characterised by scandals, missteps, and a significant decline in public trust. The sale of the New York ""Daily News,"" a long-standing popular newspaper, epitomised the challenges facing the industry, which grappled with financial losses and dropping circulation figures. This year began with the controversy surrounding Janet Cooke, a reporter for the ""Washington Post,"" who falsely claimed to have interviewed an eight-year-old heroin addict in a story that earned her a Pulitzer Prize. The deception was only uncovered after the award was given, raising serious questions about the editorial oversight at one of the nation's most prestigious newspapers. The credibility of the ""Post"" suffered further when it published a gossip column suggesting that the guest residence of President Ronald Reagan was bugged by the previous Carter administration. Following backlash from Reagan's administration, including a potential lawsuit from Jimmy Carter, the ""Post"" issued a rare apology. This incident, along with Cooke's fabricated story, left many journalists and observers questioning the integrity of American journalism. Additionally, the year saw further embarrassment for the media, including the resignation of Michael Daly from the ""Daily News"" after a story he authored was exposed as false. Various other significant errors made headlines, including a fabricated story about a wild car ride by a reporter for the ""Los Angeles Times,"" and a hoax press conference where false claims about cockroach pills curing ailments were reported by numerous newspapers. By the end of 1981, public confidence in the press had plummeted, with only 16 percent of Americans expressing full trust in newspapers, the lowest level since 1966. The media came to rank alongside law firms and trade unions as one of the most distrusted institutions, particularly troubling considering its traditional role as a watchdog against government overreach. This decline was attributed to the press's failure to engage constructively with its audience and its reluctance to self-examine. As a result, legislative efforts aimed at restricting the Freedom of Information Act were emerging, signalling a complex and fraught relationship between the press and the government. As the year drew to a close, many industry insiders reflected on the dire need for rejuvenation within journalism, hoping that a significant event might restore respect for journalists. The year was marked not only by individual errors but also by a broader crisis of confidence in the journalistic profession as a whole.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19811229_2_59_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19811229.2.59.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,378385200
7733,06,01,1982,"Radio N.z. Plans New Station In Levin (Press, 6 January 1982)","On 6 January 1982, Radio New Zealand's director-general Geoffrey Whitehead announced the potential for a groundbreaking alliance between Radio New Zealand and private radio stations in the Levin area. This collaboration would seek a new radio warrant for Levin, marking a first-of-its-kind initiative in New Zealand if negotiations prove successful. Whitehead shared that discussions were already underway with local groups, including Kapiti Radio, as he emphasised an interest in leveraging community involvement in programming. Whitehead highlighted that Radio New Zealand had not yet made any formal proposals to the Broadcasting Corporation regarding a package plan. The organisation is keen on garnering support from various groups within the Horowhenua region, with a particular focus on engaging with the Maori community. Outreach efforts have included discussions with the Raukawa trustees and promotion councils in both Levin and Kapiti. Drawing inspiration from the success of community involvement demonstrated by 2YB access radio in Wellington, Whitehead expressed optimism about extending this model to enhance programming through partnerships with private interests in Horowhenua. He articulated the primary goal of providing a tailored radio service that would cater to the needs of the coastal communities in the region. In terms of infrastructure, Whitehead mentioned the possibility of establishing two low-power transmitters—one in Levin and another in the Paraparaumu area—rather than operating a single transmitter solely in Levin. While discussions remain in the exploratory phase, should all parties reach an agreement, there is potential for a group application to the broadcasting tribunal by late 1982. If successful, this could lead to the launch of the station or stations as early as 1983.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820106_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820106.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,379076400
7670,09,01,1982,"Black Comedy (Press, 9 January 1982)","In his novel ""A Wind up the Willow,"" Alan Brown, published by John Calder and Riverrun Press in 1981, delivers a piece of black comedy that delves into the darker aspects of human behaviour. The narrative features a cast of unpleasant characters, each depicted in a way that showcases their flaws and vices. Brown employs themes of cannibalism, rape, sodomy, homosexuality, and torture, presenting them as commonplace occurrences rather than taboos. The story revolves around a group of small-time British gangsters who wreak havoc in the lives of individuals already struggling with their own inadequacies. The plot evolves as these gangsters leave a trail of mutilated and vivisected bodies, only to have their actions lead to a reorganisation among the surviving miscreants, who then continue their violent ways. Brown, who has experience as a television scriptwriter, embraces his freedom from television censorship in this work. He appears to revel in the extremes of the grotesque, suggesting that there is an element of humour to be found in such severe themes, thus challenging the reader's perceptions and moral boundaries. The novel treads a fine line between comedy and horror, as it depicts the absurdities of life through the lens of its morally bankrupt characters. In this way, ""A Wind up the Willow"" not only entertains but also provokes thought about the nature of evil and the absurdity of human behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820109_2_81_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820109.2.81.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,379335600
5089,09,01,1982,"No Nudes Good News In Old (Press, 9 January 1982)","A controversy has emerged surrounding the upcoming mime musical ""Flowers,"" which is set to feature nude male actors on stage. The Queensland police vice squad has issued a warning to the show's producer, Peter Davis, indicating that any male actors who perform nude will face arrest. Despite this threat, Davis remains committed to the production, stating that the actors insist on including the nude scenes, which he believes are integral to the show. The Queensland Premier, Joh Bjelke-Petersen, has publicly supported the police stance, arguing that such performances could lead to moral decadence and stating his endorsement for actions that prevent any inappropriate displays on stage. The play, based on Jean Genet's poetic visions while imprisoned in France, has previously been performed in other Australian cities such as Adelaide, Sydney, and Melbourne, despite facing protests. Davis expressed concern that Queensland would be seen as a laughing stock by preventing the production. He highlighted the perceived double standard, noting that while male nudity is prohibited, female cast members will still perform without clothing, which he described as a form of discrimination. Criticism of Bjelke-Petersen's views has come from various quarters, including a Labour member of Parliament, who described the Premier’s opinions as “old-womanish” and “wowserish.” This member pointed out the inconsistency in deeming modern theatre as ""morally decadent"" when tourist hotspots frequently showcase nudity. Additionally, the conservative ""Brisbane Courier-Mail"" condemned the police warning, asserting that enforcing such censorship would further tarnish Queensland's reputation. As the debate continues, the producers of ""Flowers"" and their supporters are advocating for the right to artistic expression, while also challenging the moral arguments put forth by the government and law enforcement. The situation reflects a broader tension in the community regarding cultural norms and the boundaries of theatre as an art form.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820109_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820109.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,379335600
5091,14,01,1982,"Belfast Boys’ School Scandal (Press, 14 January 1982)","The Kincora boys' home scandal has emerged as a significant controversy in Belfast, Northern Ireland, with revelations of extensive sexual abuse by senior staff. In December 1981, three social workers and two others associated with the home were sentenced to a total of 15 years for various homosexual offences, including buggery. The home, which was established in 1959 to care for distressed teenage boys aged 13 to 18, had become a site of systematic abuse over nearly two decades, despite multiple investigations that failed to address the allegations effectively. The case has drawn attention to the possibility of involvement by high-ranking politicians in Northern Ireland, as Lord Chief Justice Sir Robert Lowry disclosed that the abuse had persisted unchecked for years. Gerry Fitt, a prominent Catholic politician, has pledged to provide the investigation with names of senior politicians who were allegedly aware of the misconduct but chose to remain silent. This has raised further questions regarding a culture of complicity among influential figures in the region. The Kincora home was located in a suburb of Belfast, initially intended to offer a supportive environment for boys from challenging backgrounds. The three primary offenders—belonging to both the management and auxiliary staff—were found guilty following a thorough police investigation that included interviews with approximately 180 former residents. Evidence presented at trial revealed ""loathsome and perverted behaviour,"" which was thought to have begun almost immediately after the home's establishment. The scandal has drawn public outrage, particularly as it unfolded in a region known for its conservative values and strict social norms, such as prohibitions on Sunday swimming in municipal pools. Previous complaints about Kincora had been largely ignored, with key individuals in the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) and the British Army reportedly aware of the abuse without taking action. Following the convictions, the Eastern Health and Social Services board has announced an urgent inquiry to reassess the circumstances surrounding Kincora. Newly appointed vice-chairman Malachy McGrady has indicated that a significant amount of new information is being provided to their committee. He anticipates that the forthcoming findings will uncover even more shocking details than those revealed during the trial. This disturbing saga has highlighted numerous systemic failures in the oversight of vulnerable institutions in Northern Ireland and has exposed the potential for high-level corruption and negligence among public officials. As the inquiry progresses, there are expectations of a growing scandal as more evidence comes to light regarding the complicity and knowledge of senior politicians and church leaders in the Kincora abuse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820114_2_88_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820114.2.88.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,379767600
7277,14,01,1982,"Film Commission Gives Details Of 1982 Productions (Press, 14 January 1982)","On 14 January 1982, The Film Commission of New Zealand disclosed an array of film projects planned for that year, including several currently in production. Notably, Auckland producer-director Roger Donaldson is finalising the script for ""The World's Fastest Indian,"" a film inspired by the true story of a New Zealander who pursued speed records at the Bonneville Salt Flats in the USA during his 60s and 70s. This film is anticipated to be a co-production with the United States and is set for filming in the latter half of 1982. The Film Commission has also invested in another project by Donaldson titled ""The Doomsday Machine,"" which revolves around UFO sightings in Kaikoura that occurred three years prior. In addition, Rob Whitehouse and Lloyd Phillips are developing an adventure film titled ""Savage Island,"" set in the 1880s South Pacific, during a period notorious for piracy. This feature will incorporate a storyline about legendary figure Bully Hayes assisting a young Englishman to save a missionary's daughter from white slavers, complete with naval battles using period ships, and is slated for mid-1982. Phase Three Films in Auckland is working on a feature about Amy Bock, who gained notoriety in the early 1900s for living as a man and marrying a minor heiress. Directed by Geoff Steven and Robert Williams, the film is to be produced by John Maynard with filming expected in 1983. John O'Shea of Pacific Films is producing a film based on Selina Sutherland, who dedicated her life to aiding the underprivileged in New Zealand and Australia. This feature is planned as an Australian co-production and is supported by a Film Commission grant. Sutherland, originally from Scotland, arrived in New Zealand in the 1860s and played a significant role in developing medical services and caring for the poor in Melbourne. Screenwriter Graham Billing is penning an original screenplay that explores the intricate business and personal lives of a New Zealand family. Auckland producer Larry Parr has two feature films in development, both inspired by New Zealand novels and backed by Film Commission grants. One of these, “Sydney: Bridge Upside Down,” adapted by Bill Baer, depicts a teenage boy drawn to murder in a 1930s East Coast beach town. The other, based on M. K. Joseph's “A Soldier's Tale,” tells the story of a young soldier's romance with a French woman during the Normandy campaign in World War II. Bruce Morrison's debut feature, ""Constance,"" co-produced by Aucklanders Larry Parr and Tom Finlayson, is expected to begin shooting in the latter half of 1982 with backing from the Film Commission and Television New Zealand. This tragic love story, set in Auckland during the 1930s and 1940s, features a protagonist heavily influenced by American films of the time. Finally, Auckland director Sam Pillsbury is working on adaptations of two novels, ""The Quiet Earth"" and ""In My Father's Den,"" while filmmaker David Blyth readies to shoot “A Woman of Good Character,"" a drama about a young English immigrant's life on a remote New Zealand farm in the 1860s, which was written by Elizabeth Gowans.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820114_2_77_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820114.2.77.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,379767600
5090,14,01,1982,"Top Men ‘in Sex Scandal’ (Press, 14 January 1982)","On 14 January 1982, the ""Irish Times"" reported on allegations of a homosexual scandal involving British officials and prominent figures in Northern Ireland, specifically linked to boys from residential homes. The newspaper claimed that investigations conducted by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) into the scandal had been obstructed, prompting the call for a high-level inquiry by the government, which was expected to issue a statement soon. According to the report, at least seven individuals were implicated in the scandal, including two British officials, a policeman, legal professionals, and a businessman, who were said to have engaged in homosexual prostitution with boys from care homes. The RUC had initiated investigations into the allegations starting in 1976, but reports suggest that an order was issued to halt these inquiries. The details surrounding who gave the order for the investigations to be dropped and how far up the RUC hierarchy the matter reached remained unclear. The situation had drawn attention recently, particularly as three former staff members from Kincora Home in east Belfast were sentenced to prison for sexual offences against boys in their care. These convictions followed a complaint by a 16-year-old former resident, who alleged that he and other boys from Kincora and similar facilities were routinely taken to hotels by men, including British civil servants. The allegations highlighted a significant and disturbing issue of abuse, with all homosexual acts, even among consenting adults, being illegal in Northern Ireland at the time. The unfolding scandal was poised to have serious implications for the individuals involved and broader discussions regarding accountability and the protection of vulnerable youths in care.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820114_2_63_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820114.2.63.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,379767600
5092,19,01,1982,"Is It Your Brain That Makes You Male Or Female? (Press, 19 January 1982)","A report outlines the differences in behaviour between sexes, suggesting that while social conditioning plays a significant role, there may also be inherent biological factors at play. Feminist perspectives typically argue that boys are taught to be tough and competitive while girls are encouraged to be soft and nurturing. However, accumulating evidence indicates that biological differences may influence behaviour, with findings from a rare genetic condition in the Dominican Republic significantly contributing to the discussion. In this region, a genetic disorder results in individuals being raised as girls but undergoing male physical changes during puberty, including deepening voices and the development of male genitalia. It has been observed that many of these individuals begin identifying as boys long before any physical changes occur, challenging the perception that gender identity is strictly determined by upbringing. The report references Professor Michael Besser, who suggests that this phenomenon raises questions about whether these individuals' brains are innately male. Experts dispute the conclusiveness of these observations, noting that while compelling, they originate primarily from isolated cases. Nevertheless, animal studies support the idea that sex hormones can alter brain structure and function during critical developmental periods. Research shows that the male brain is influenced by androgens, including testosterone, during early development, leading to distinct anatomical and behavioural differences from female brains. These hormonal influences manifest in various ways, influencing attributes like aggression and problem-solving abilities. Studies in other species, including rodents and primates, reveal that hormone exposure can trigger behavioural changes consistent with sex differentiation, though variations exist between species, particularly as one moves along the evolutionary scale to humans. While it is difficult to conduct controlled experiments on humans, natural occurrences such as the Dominican condition provide unique insights into how biological factors may shape gender identity and behaviour. Notably, studies into gender roles have shown that girls exposed to androgens during prenatal development tend to exhibit more masculine behaviours and preferences, such as rough play and a lesser interest in dolls. These findings contribute to the ongoing debate about whether behavioural differences stem from nature, nurture, or a combination of both. The report concludes that both biological wiring and societal conditioning significantly influence behaviour, suggesting that traditional gender roles may be harder to change than previously thought. This perspective could provoke contrasting interpretations, especially among feminist theorists, as the implications challenge long-held beliefs regarding the malleability of gender behaviour and identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820119_2_100_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820119.2.100.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,380199600
7294,22,01,1982,"Male Or Female? (Press, 22 January 1982)","In a letter published in The Press on 22 January 1982, Hugh Gaw, General Secretary of the National Gay Rights Coalition, criticises an article titled ""Is it your brain that makes you male or female?"" which appeared on 10 January. Gaw argues that the article fails to clarify the differences between male and female and instead raises further questions. He expresses particular concern about the article's association of gender identity, gender role, and sexual preference. Gaw contends that sexual preference is largely independent of gender identity and role, noting that few homosexual individuals view themselves as belonging to the opposite sex, countering outdated notions about gender identity. He refers to Dorner's discredited theory, likening it to a historical approach that attempted to ""cure"" male homosexuals through testosterone injections, which simply led to increased libido rather than any genuine change in sexual orientation. Gaw's letter highlights ongoing debates around gender and sexuality, asserting that the links made in the original article are misguided.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820122_2_89_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820122.2.89.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,380458800
6660,01,02,1982,"Billie Jean Wants Baby (Press, 1 February 1982)","Billie Jean King, the renowned tennis star, expressed her desire to have a child at the age of 38, as reported by the London “Daily Mirror” on 1 February 1982. If she is unable to conceive, she and her husband, sports promoter Larry King, are considering adoption as an option. In an interview, Billie Jean reflected on her marriage, stating that it has become stronger since the conclusion of her highly publicised lesbian relationship with her former secretary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820201_2_116_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820201.2.116.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,381322800
7610,04,02,1982,"Y.w.c.a. Seeks, New Image For 1980s (Press, 4 February 1982)","The Y.W.C.A. is set to introduce classes in self-defence for women as part of its leisure programme starting on February 15, 1982. Alongside these classes, the programme will host lunch-hour discussions on various issues pertinent to women, including topics such as solo parentage, women's roles in management and politics, and women in cinema. This initiative is part of the Y.W.C.A.’s effort to modernise its image and attract a broader and younger demographic. Ms Jane Ryan, the publicity officer for the Y.W.C.A., emphasised the necessity of updating the organisation's image, stating that the previous image no longer resonates with contemporary society. She expressed the aim to bring the Y.W.C.A. into the modern era and beyond. To reflect this change, the association will no longer refer to itself as the Young Women's Christian Association, although it will retain the initials to maintain public recognition. The response to both the self-defence classes and discussion groups has been overwhelmingly positive, indicating strong interest within the community. In addition to focusing on contemporary issues, the Y.W.C.A. plans to take on a more active political role and hopes to represent a wide range of opinions. Ms Ryan highlighted the organisation's goal of becoming a central hub for the community. To further this vision, the Y.W.C.A. intends to establish a women's bookshop and a coffee bar at its centre, creating more spaces for engagement and support. Despite the modern initiatives, the Y.W.C.A. will also continue to offer traditional classes this year, which will include activities such as ballroom dancing, floral arranging, cooking, and cake icing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820204_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820204.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,381582000
5093,11,02,1982,"Car Conversion, Damage Spree (Press, 11 February 1982)","On 11 February 1982, various cases were reported in the District Court relating to youth crime, indecent assault, and theft. An unemployed youth, Mark Leslie Tamete, aged 18, was sentenced after unlawfully taking multiple vehicles in Papanui and causing damage exceeding $1,000. His offences included five counts of unlawfully taking vehicles, one of unlawfully interfering with a vehicle, one of unlawfully entering a vehicle, and one of aggravated assault. The police noted that Tamete had used hard driving, ripping out radios, tampering with ignitions, and smashing windows to access the vehicles. His counsel, Mr W. Rosenberg, mentioned that the offences were committed alongside co-offenders and followed the death of Tamete's brother. However, Judge Frampton remarked that the crimes occurred over a month-long period and did not seem directly related to this personal tragedy. Due to the severity of the damage and Tamete's inability to make restitution, he was sentenced to corrective training and placed on probation for a year, with his driver’s licence cancelled for a year. In another case, Shane Michael Carter, a 17-year-old, unlawfully took a Zephyr car but changed his mind about crashing it due to his reluctance to damage the vehicle. He received a one-year probation sentence and had his driver's licence cancelled for six months for careless driving. Additionally, John Lewis Wahrlich, aged 25, faced charges of indecently assaulting a boy he had babysat. He climbed into bed with the child and committed the offence. The child's mother and friends sought ""brutal justice"" against Wahrlich before the police intervened. Judge Frampton sentenced him to 18 months on probation. Another defendant, who was seen having intercourse with a 14-year-old girl, faced charges of unlawful intercourse. This culminated in a pregnancy, and he initially misled his wife about the child's paternity but later confessed. He was remanded on bail for sentencing. Michael Albert Momo, aged 21, held his de facto wife at knife-point with a rope around her neck, demanding police assistance to reach a hospital. He pleaded guilty to the assault and was remanded on bail until 17 February for sentencing. Finally, Julie Rose Blincoe, a 24-year-old kitchen hand, received a suspended sentence for agreeing to sell a stolen video-cassette recorder worth $2,300. Her financial difficulties arose from a breakup and delays in her sickness benefit transfer. She received sympathy from the court due to her desperate situation, and an order was made for the return of the stolen property.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820211_2_60_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820211.2.60.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,382186800
7365,13,02,1982,"Counsellors And Counselled (Press, 13 February 1982)","A Time to Talk: Counsellor and Counselled, edited by Felix Donnelly, is a significant 1981 publication that explores various aspects of counselling in New Zealand. In addition to editing contributions from prominent New Zealand counsellors, Donnelly provides four sections characterised by his engaging, philosophical style. The book addresses the evolving nature of counselling over the past two decades, highlighting a shift from a non-directive approach—which has been satirically referred to as the counsellor being a ""passive sponge""—to more dynamic methods that encourage self-expression and direction. The contributors include insights into their counselling practices, but some merely describe their agency's work without enhancing the overall understanding of counselling. The text conveys a sense that a large portion of the population either requires counselling for various life stressors or wishes to become counsellors themselves, whether on a voluntary or professional basis. It refers to contemporary societal challenges, suggesting that issues such as unemployment and vocational changes lead to a reaction of grief among those unable to secure jobs, often resulting in self-loathing. Donnelly's edited compilation touches upon various counselling techniques, eliminating superfluous details to reveal their core principles. Two student counsellors examine New Zealand as an anxious society and incorporate learning theory and scientific psychology in their client interactions. They emphasise the importance of ""homework,"" or the practice of discussing and applying learned strategies in real-life situations. Throughout the book, counsellors reflect on their motivations and the potential distortions these may cause in their practice. The work also addresses specific life crises, such as pregnancy—whether requiring consideration of abortion or adjustment to the prospect of a new child—as well as discussing figures like Jesus portrayed as the ""Master Counsellor"" by a medical professional. Other topics include dealing with suicide and helplines, along with tailored counselling for Pacific Islanders and Māori communities. Additionally, Donna Awatere presents a provocative critique of humanistic and behaviouristic psychological traditions, viewing them as instruments of social control that attempt to adjust individuals to a flawed system. Concluding the collection, Dr Donnelly offers an optimistic outlook for the future of counselling, envisioning a landscape populated by skilled, well-supervised practitioners who understand their methodologies and can evaluate outcomes effectively. The book serves as a crucial historical document, contextualising the development of social services in New Zealand while providing a balanced view without false promises or oversimplified solutions for both clients and trainee counsellors.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820213_2_98_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820213.2.98.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,382359600
5094,17,02,1982,"Suicide Attempt From Blackmail (Press, 17 February 1982)","On 17 February 1982, a troubling case unfolded in the Wellington District Court involving a Christchurch man, Peter John Regan, who attempted suicide after allegedly blackmailing a victim out of $3,000. Regan, aged 20 and unemployed, faced multiple charges including demanding money with menaces, false pretences, using documents for pecuniary advantage, and burglary. He pleaded guilty before Judge P. J. Bate, and was remanded in custody for a presentence report, with sentencing set for 2 March. The prosecution, led by Sergeant M. Grey, revealed the harrowing circumstances faced by the complainant, who had engaged the services of a massage parlour on three or four occasions, during which he was massaged by two men. He became acquainted with a friend of Regan's, who often borrowed small sums from him. Regan was introduced to the complainant and soon began making intimidation-based demands for money. Initially, Regan threatened to break the complainant's legs and disclose his sexual activities if he did not pay him $500. Fearing for his personal safety and the exposure of his homosexual tendencies, the complainant borrowed money from a friend to comply with the demand. Regan later escalated his threats, demanding an additional $1,000, which compelled the complainant to take out a loan of $2,000 from a finance company, subsequently handing over $1,000 to Regan. As the situation deteriorated, Regan continued to exert control over the complainant, demanding further sums and visiting him frequently. On one occasion, he threatened to smash the complainant's kneecaps and demanded $1,200. In a desperate move to fulfil Regan's coercive demands, the complainant began selling personal items, including a television and furniture. On 26 January, Regan visited the complainant's home, again threatening physical harm; he struck the complainant with a steel poker during this encounter, deepening the victim's fears for his life. The sequence of events highlighted the severe emotional and psychological distress experienced by the complainant, which culminated in his suicide attempt. Overall, the case pointed to the grave implications of blackmail and violence, as well as the profound impact such victimisation can have on individuals. Regan's conviction and sentencing were pending, with the court expected to consider the severity of the crimes and the trauma inflicted on the complainant in the upcoming hearing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820217_2_33_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820217.2.33.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,382705200
5095,25,02,1982,"A Disneyland About People (Press, 25 February 1982)","On 25 February 1982, a review of the television show ""Dynasty"" highlighted the show's high-profile introduction on Channel One, where it debuted with a lengthy two-hour and 35-minute pilot. The review portrayed ""Dynasty"" as a quintessential soap opera, characterised by its extravagant themes and melodramatic elements that resonated with viewers who had endured the summer's television reruns. It likened the show to a fantasy experience akin to Disneyland, focusing on excess, wealth, and personal intrigues within the lives of its characters. The review noted the show's staple features, including themes of immense wealth derived from oil, family conflicts, and extravagant lifestyles. It introduced its audience to the dysfunctional Carrington family, alongside the middle-class Blaisdels, and emphasised various character traits and storylines that seemed formulaic and predictable. Among the cast were a promiscuous daughter, an openly homosexual son, and an aging man marrying a much younger woman, all of which fell into common tropes of the soap opera genre. Despite promising dramatic elements, the review critiqued the show for lacking originality and depth, suggesting that it was a product of committee writing with little substance to offer beyond conventional storytelling. It mocked the overly sanitized portrayals of sexual relations and the film industry's disinterest in evolving beyond cliched techniques. The author conveyed a sense of bemusement at the show's appeal, comparing it unfavourably to real experiences, such as skiing in Gstaad, suggesting that the show's extravagance had little relevance to the average viewer's reality. The piece concluded with a brief nod to the cricket broadcasts gaining popularity but expressed discontent with advertising practices related to cricket, criticising one ad that misrepresented the sport by making it appear as if a cricket crowd was endorsing a car. Overall, the review dismissed ""Dynasty"" as a hollow entertainment spectacle that bore little resemblance to real life, reflecting wider cultural disconnects between the soap's fantastical portrayal and the everyday experiences of viewers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820225_2_90_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820225.2.90.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,383396400
7092,26,02,1982,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 26 February 1982)","On 26 February 1982, Christchurch introduced a unique traffic sign at the corner of Kilmore and Montreal Streets as part of its efforts to enhance road safety and reduce confusion for motorists. The new sign depicts a one-way but with a twist, indicating that drivers at the S-bend in Montreal Street can either turn west onto the Kilmore Street one-way system or proceed north on the Montreal Street one-way system. According to a spokesperson from the Christchurch City Council's traffic department, placing two separate signs would have been ineffective due to the awkward viewing angle created by the S-bend. The council hopes this innovation will make navigation easier for drivers. In another segment, the bi-annual meeting of the South Island Local Bodies Association took place in Christchurch, drawing delegates from across the Mainland. The meeting commenced around 10.20 a.m., punctuated by refreshments, though two delegates from Dunedin faced significant travel delays and arrived at 11.30 a.m., just as lunch was being served. The day's agenda had progressed fairly well, with no further meetings planned for the afternoon or evening, suggesting that the delegates had an otherwise enjoyable experience. Additionally, a literary piece sparked interest in the life of Maurice Reginald Hunter, known as Rex Hunter, a lesser-known figure in New Zealand literature. Born in 1889 at Southbrook near Christchurch, Hunter led a diverse career as a journalist, poet, novelist, and playwright, primarily based in the United States. Despite writing five books, he remained largely unrecognised in his home country, having spent significant time within the Bohemian circles of Greenwich Village. He eventually returned to New Zealand, settling in Dunedin, where he passed away in 1960. The Alexander Turnbull Library expressed a desire to gather more information about Hunter, as they seek to learn more about his contributions and legacy. Finally, an upcoming event, the ""Georgia O'Keefe and Alfred Stieglitz Sierra Blanco Mescalitos 4-mile road race,"" was announced for March 1, starting at 6.30 p.m. Participants can expect a relaxed atmosphere, as the event does not require entries or registrations and will not offer traditional prizes. Instead, times and placings will be noted. Zorro International, the organiser, promises an intriguing experience that encourages fun and informality, inviting participants to enjoy drinks afterward at the Ferrymead Hotel.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820226_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820226.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,383482800
5096,27,02,1982,"Court Backs Mothers’ Cane Stand (Press, 27 February 1982)","On 26 February 1982, the European Court of Human Rights ruled in favour of British parents wishing to refuse corporal punishment for their children. The Court found that the British Government breached the European Human Rights Convention by not respecting the wishes of parents who oppose physical discipline in schools. The Convention guarantees that education for children should align with the religious and philosophical beliefs of their parents. The case was initiated by two Scottish mothers, Grace Campbell and Jane Cosans, who sought the right to send their children to schools that did not employ corporal punishment. The Court's decision obligates the British Government to ensure children can attend state schools without the risk of being subjected to physical punishment, such as caning or using a strap. The Court dismissed a related claim that the prospect of corporal punishment constituted degrading treatment. The case highlighted individual incidents, including Mrs Cosans' refusal to allow her son, Geoffrey, to return to Beath Senior High School after he was suspended for not complying with an order for corporal punishment. She argued that she could not be assured that he would not face further beatings. The Court determined that his nearly year-long suspension from education before reaching the legal school-leaving age violated his rights to education under the Convention. Mrs Campbell's situation involved a similar concern when Strathclyde Regional Council could not guarantee that her son, Gordoh, would not face corporal punishment at St Matthew’s Catholic Primary School. The Court indicated that while a system of separate schools for children of parents opposed to corporal punishment would not align with economic realities, an exemption system for individual students could be feasible without compromising educational quality. This ruling is legally binding across the UK and other nations adhering to the European Human Rights Convention. Notably, the single opposing vote came from British Judge Sir Vincent Evans, who contended that it would be impractical for teachers to enforce discipline fairly if students were treated differently based on their parents' beliefs. Following this decision, the two mothers have the option to pursue claims for damages arising from the case, though estimates of potential compensation were described as difficult. The ruling marks the eighth occasion that the UK has been found to violate the Convention, following earlier rulings against British mental health legislation, laws concerning homosexual acts in Northern Ireland, and ""closed shop"" labour laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820227_2_75_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820227.2.75.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,383569200
6661,27,02,1982,"First Find Your Mussels And Squid (Press, 27 February 1982)","The review, written by Lorna Buchanan, covers two cookbooks: ""Marvellous Mussels"" by Judy Le Heron, and ""The International Squid Cookbook"" by Isaac Cronin, both published in 1981. ""Marvellous Mussels,"" priced at $9.95 and comprising 128 pages, explores the rising popularity of mussels in New Zealand, which have increasingly appeared on restaurant menus as alternatives to oysters. The review highlights the challenges of sourcing fresh mussels, as a survey of twelve fish shops in Christchurch revealed that while eight stocked squid, fresh mussels were hard to come by. The author acknowledges the high freight costs and irregular supply which hinder the availability of fresh mussels. Despite its strong content, the review criticizes the physical presentation of ""Marvellous Mussels,"" noting a disagreeable smell likely due to fish glue used in the binding. However, the layout is user-friendly, with clearly labelled recipes, and interesting tips, such as ways to fatten mussels overnight. The reviewer appreciates the enthusiasm of Le Heron, who invites readers to explore the culinary possibilities of mussels. In contrast, ""The International Squid Cookbook,"" which retails for $9.50 and spans 95 pages, presents a variety of squid dishes, emphasising the ecological advantages of consuming squid as it is considered underutilised. The book provides clear guidance on cleaning, cooking, and freezing squid, while including recipes from multiple cuisines. Cronin's work also incorporates entertaining stories about squid, adding an engaging element to the practical instructions. Overall, both cookbooks offer valuable insight into preparing these molluscs, despite the difficulties in sourcing the ingredients. They encourage home cooks to venture beyond traditional recipes and enjoy the pleasures of culinary experimentation with these seafood options.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820227_2_100_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820227.2.100.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,383569200
5097,01,03,1982,"Atlanta Murderer Jailed For Life (Press, 1 March 1982)","Wayne Williams, a 23-year-old freelance photographer and music promoter, has been sentenced to life imprisonment for the murders of Nathaniel Cater, aged 27, and Jimmy Ray Payne, aged 21, as part of a wider case involving the killings of 28 young black individuals in Atlanta over a 22-month period. The jury reached their verdict after around 12 hours of deliberation, resulting in consecutive life sentences. Under Georgia law, those sentenced to life imprisonment may be eligible for parole after serving seven years. Prior to his sentencing, Williams maintained his innocence, stating, “I maintained all along through this trial my innocence and I would still do so today ... I more than anybody want to see this terror ended.” Following his arrest in June 1981, there were no further murders of young black people in Atlanta, an area plagued by fear and racial tension due to the killings. Williams faced charges not only for the murders of Cater and Payne but also had evidence presented against him linking him to the deaths of 10 other young black victims. His defence lawyer, Mr Alvin Binder, has indicated that they have not yet made a decision regarding an appeal and expressed that he believed the case could have been won if evidence pertaining to the 10 other murders had been excluded from the trial. Prosecutors relied predominantly on forensic evidence involving over 700 synthetic fibres found on the bodies of the victims, which they argued were ""microscopically similar"" to fibres found in Williams' home. Additionally, they painted Williams as a potentially troubled individual, suggesting he might have been motivated by failures in his music career and personal life. Williams, who lived in a middle-class neighbourhood with his parents, consistently denied knowing any of the victims and claimed that the prosecution witnesses were either biased against him or mistaken due to the heightened media coverage surrounding his case. The investigation into the murders began in 1979, with a task force being established after the disappearance of 14-year-old Edward Hope Smith. The initial number of murders rose rapidly, leading to an expansion of the investigative team as community dread and concern intensified. An extensive effort, involving a dedicated task force that grew to 100 members, was deployed to probe the pattern of kidnappings and murders. The case garnered significant attention, and shortly after the verdict, memorial T-shirts were being sold in the courthouse press room, blending morbid humour with the situation as they were described as ""guaranteed to be microscopically similar to millions of other shirts.” Williams' conviction marks a pivotal moment in the ongoing struggle for justice and peace in a community still reeling from the trauma of the killings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820301_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820301.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,383742000
6662,02,03,1982,"Language Defended (Press, 2 March 1982)","On 2 March 1982, P. W. Tapsell, the Member of Parliament for Eastern Maori, acknowledged that he had used ""intemperate language"" during a Labour Party regional conference in Hamilton while discussing topics related to lesbians and motherhood. Tapsell made these comments to raise awareness about what he perceived as societal belittlement of mothers who choose to care for their families at home. He expressed concern that traditional homemakers, particularly young Maori mothers, were at risk of being overshadowed by women who do not have children, specifically singling out lesbians as receiving undue prominence in society. During his speech, Tapsell lamented that the efforts of mothers dedicated to raising their children were often undervalued in contemporary culture. He argued that these women, who chose to stay at home, should be respected and that their decision should not be dismissed in favour of those who are childless. He highlighted a situation where society seemed to celebrate the accomplishments of a ""barren lesbian"" over the vital role of mothers nurturing their families in the home environment. Tapsell also pointed out that young mothers often felt pressured to enter the workforce due to economic needs. He mentioned that this necessity could lead to a disruption in family life, which he believed was particularly evident within communities like Rotorua, where there is a substantial Maori population. He urged that society should ensure that mothers have genuine choices regarding their roles and responsibilities, particularly in light of the growing economic pressures they faced. Through his remarks, Tapsell attempted to advocate for the interests of homemakers and bring attention to what he saw as broader social issues affecting family dynamics. While he accepted that his choice of words was regrettable, his intent was to spark discussion on the dignity and respect owed to mothers, and the challenges they endured in a rapidly changing society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820302_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820302.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,383828400
5098,04,03,1982,"Bank Guard Admits $1m Theft (Press, 4 March 1982)","On 4 March 1982, George Bosque, a former Brink's guard, pleaded guilty to theft and bank larceny charges in a Federal District Court in San Francisco. The 26-year-old had been accused of stealing US$1.5 million from an armoured car at San Francisco Airport on 15 August 1980. Despite his guilty plea, the Government continued to pursue an additional charge against him for using force during the robbery. Bosque was apprehended in November 1981 after a significant worldwide manhunt conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, which had been set in motion following a tip-off from his homosexual lover. At the time of his arrest, he was found at a supermarket in San Francisco. Reports indicate that Bosque returned to the United States feeling lonely and depressed, having squandered nearly all of the stolen money on extravagant living, which included luxury flats and cars across two continents during his time on the run.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820304_2_37_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820304.2.37.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,384001200
7823,04,03,1982,"Late Shows For The Academy (Press, 4 March 1982)","On 4 March 1982, Martyn Bullimore, the new manager of the Academy, announced the launch of weekly late-night movie screenings starting tomorrow at 11.30 p.m. The inaugural film will be ""Outrageous,"" featuring Greg Russell as a would-be drag artist who struggles to fit into the gay community. This film, although briefly shown at the Cinerama two years prior, is expected to draw interest. The late-night screenings will occur every Friday and Saturday, showcasing a variety of classic films and unique offerings including a Godzilla double feature, “The Kids are Alright” featuring The Who, “Head” with The Monkees, Arlo Guthrie's “Alice’s Restaurant,” Neil Young’s “Rust Never Sleeps,” “Young Frankenstein,” “Myra Breckenridge,” and David Bowie's “The Man Who Fell to Earth.” Martyn expressed optimism about the late-night venture despite some scepticism in Christchurch. He highlighted that there are limited evening options for entertainment after pubs close and noted that the timing coincides well with the start of the university term. He believes there has been a shift in the social habits of Christchurch residents, which could contribute to the screenings' success. Martyn Bullimore, 35, made his mark on the local film scene with a previous initiative called S.W.I.F.T. (Scott Walker International Film Theatre), where he organised late-night screenings at the Arts Centre. His earlier series of screenings featured cult classics like “Freaks,” “The Damned,” and “Ashes and Diamonds,” where he famously distributed warm popcorn to attendees, a practice he may not be able to continue at the Academy. Originally from England, Martyn moved to New Zealand seven years ago as a design engineer and has since travelled extensively, gaining film knowledge from Europe and Asia. His involvement with local cinema deepened through collaboration with Lang Masters of the Masters Independent Cinemas, advising on film selections that proved popular. His appointment as manager of the Academy marks a new chapter where he aims to present lesser-known and underappreciated films to Christchurch audiences. Future projects include musical and science fiction festivals, as well as showcasing a collection of films by Derek Jarman, like “Jubilee,” “Sebastiane,” and “The Tempest,” which have only been previously available during film festivals in New Zealand. Additionally, another significant film, “THX 1138,” an early work by George Lucas, will screen tomorrow at the Academy. This film, featuring Robert Duvall and produced by Francis Ford Coppola, adds to the diverse offering of films that Martyn hopes will appeal to the local audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820304_2_88_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820304.2.88.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,384001200
5099,05,03,1982,"‘Children’s Civil Rights Changed’ (Press, 5 March 1982)","The Children and Young Persons Bill has come under scrutiny from the University Students Association (USA), which recently presented its concerns to the Health and Welfare Select Committee. The association argues that the bill grants the police excessive powers that infringe on the civil rights of children and young people. Mr M. Waghorne, a representative from the USA, highlighted that the legislation permits the police to use force to detain a 16-year-old engaging in legal activities, raising concerns about the potential for harassment of youth going about their lives. The bill allows the police to return to parents or guardians any child aged between five and 16 found unaccompanied in environments deemed harmful to their physical or moral well-being. This provision would empower officers to make subjective assessments about a young person’s associations, particularly if they are with “known criminals or drug addicts,” based on the unproven assumption that such affiliations would corrupt the youth. Waghorne pointed out the disparity in how individuals over 16 are treated under the same conditions, as they can remain with the same associations without fear of police action. He questioned how the term ""known criminal"" would be defined, arguing that without a clear legal definition identifying individuals with a record of convictions, the law could lead to arbitrary enforcement. In response to Waghorne's concerns, Mr D. M. Jones, a National Party member, contested his viewpoint, insisting that a known criminal would indeed need to have convictions for police intervention to be justified. Tensions arose during the discussions when Mr P. S. Tapsell, a Labour Party member, derisively questioned whether the association's stance on the bill suggested that young people were better protected from harm. He referred to interactions among youth as “homosexual idiocy,” prompting Waghorne to assert that it was vital to respect young people's rights to engage in consensual relationships and lead independent lives. The committee's chairman, Mr M. E. Cox, intervened, advising members to avoid inappropriate questioning. Tapsell also challenged Waghorne on whether the submission represented the views of the entire student body, given that it was compiled during students' vacation. Waghorne clarified that input was sought from all universities’ presidents, and no significant alterations were suggested, indicating broad support for the national executive’s position. This exchange reflects ongoing tensions around the balance between ensuring young people's welfare and protecting their rights within the legislative framework proposed by the Children and Young Persons Bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820305_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820305.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,384087600
5100,13,03,1982,"Triumph Of Evil Over Good Intentions (Press, 13 March 1982)","In his 1981 novel ""Earthly Powers,"" Anthony Burgess explores the complexities of divine grace amidst a backdrop of moral ambiguity and human choice, reminiscent of Evelyn Waugh’s ""Brideshead Revisited."" The narrative, set against diverse historical and fictional elements, primarily follows Kenneth Toomey, a successful yet second-rate novelist whose life intersects with various extraordinary characters and situations. Toomey, a homosexual and estranged Catholic, finds himself amid a multitude of themes, including the socio-political turmoil of 20th-century Europe, the undercurrents of evil, and the quest for redemption. His life is enriched by significant events such as the day of Joyce's ""Ulysses,"" Nazi Germany’s attempts on the life of Himmler, and encounters with cultural and literary icons. The novel's density reflects intricate connections between personal experiences and broader historical narratives, making it a complex tapestry of life’s earthly powers. One poignant storyline features Toomey’s brother-in-law, who ascends to be Pope Gregory XVII. The narrative intertwines real historical figures with fictional elements, creating a unique view of the Catholic Church’s role in confronting the inherent evil of the world. Pope Gregory, portrayed with a balance of worldliness and potential for salvation, embodies the struggle against darkness with love as his principal weapon. His past as an exorcist and his proposed solution of a ""change of heart"" resonate as the book grapples with themes of morality and human freedom. Through various plotlines, Burgess examines the idea that while divine grace aims for redemption, the exercise of free will often leads individuals toward the evil path. The reflections of the Pope, who proposes love as the key to overcoming evil, highlight the novel’s exploration of hope amidst overwhelming darkness. Critics view ""Earthly Powers"" as an ambitious and multifaceted work that, while revealing the harsh realities of human choices, ultimately beckons towards a message of compassion and understanding in the face of despair. The novel is a lengthy undertaking at 649 pages and presents a rich exploration of the spiritual dilemmas faced by its characters in a world where good intentions frequently succumb to malicious influences. Engaging and thought-provoking, Burgess’s work invites readers to confront the dualities of human existence and the eternal struggle between good and evil.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820313_2_100_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820313.2.100.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,384782400
5101,15,03,1982,"Cable Briefs (Press, 15 March 1982)","On 15 March 1982, a devastating landslide in Peru is believed to have claimed the lives of up to 50 individuals as it buried 12 vehicles on a jungle road. This incident follows a river flooding disaster in January of the same year that resulted in over 300 deaths in the same region. In the United States, geologists have raised concerns over the ongoing volcanic activity at Mount St Helens, which has been vibrating with seismic activity. The University of Washington's geophysics programme issued an eruption advisory, predicting a possible eruption within three weeks, recalling the deadly eruption on 18 May 1980, which left 60 people either dead or missing. British companies are reportedly profiting from the manufacture and sale of spare parts for Russian military equipment utilized by Arab nations. A report by ""The Observer"" indicates that these components, primarily for Russian aircraft like the MiG-23, are worth millions of pounds and are mostly sold to countries such as Libya, Syria, and Iraq. The Pan African News Agency (P.A.N.A.) is set to commence operations at the end of 1982, aiming to provide news in English, French, and Arabic. The organisation's goal is to decrease African dependence on Western news agencies, focusing on development issues and organisations such as the United Nations and the Organisation of African Unity. In the realm of health, a Soviet news agency has reported that Yerevan, the capital of Soviet Armenia, boasts the highest number of centenarians in the world, with 625 residents aged over 100. The report attributes this phenomenon to the region's unique environmental conditions and the active lifestyle of its inhabitants. A medical conference in Boston highlighted concerns that excessive consumption of junk food harms eye health. Two American optometrists indicated that a poor diet could hinder visual acuity, particularly for aspiring sports stars who require accurate focus during athletic activities. In Norfolk, Virginia, a jury has awarded $1 million to a British couple after they sued a hotel for inadequate security, following the 1976 murder of their son, a research physician, during a robbery. The plaintiffs have received recognition for their legal battle against the previous hotel operator. In the UK, ""News of the World"" has exposed an alleged plot to assassinate a black African leader and usurp control of Ghana under Flight Lieutenant Rawlings. The newspaper reported that a mercenary named Nick Hall was behind the conspiracy, aiming to seize gold mines following a successful coup. Finally, a notable indecency trial commenced in London against Michael Bogdanov, director of a controversial National Theatre production, “The Romans in Britain.” He faces charges linked to a scene in the play involving simulated homosexual rape, which was brought to court by Mary Whitehouse, an outspoken moral campaigner, under the Sexual Offences Act of 1956.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820315_2_56_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820315.2.56.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,384955200
7734,15,03,1982,"Many Hours Spent On Radio And Tv (Press, 15 March 1982)","New Zealanders, as reported on 15 March 1982 by the Broadcasting Corporation of New Zealand's publication “Broadcaster,” spend an average of 20 hours a week watching television and 22 hours listening to the radio. The statistics reveal that TV1 reaches 99.9 per cent of the population through 404 stations, while TV2 is available to 93.5 per cent via 117 stations. The cost of television licenses varies significantly by region, with $9 for Christchurch and $378 for Central Otago. In a country of 3.2 million people, there are one million television sets—approximately 65 per cent of which are colour—and around three million radios. New Zealand's public broadcasting delivers 8000 hours of television programming and 122,000 hours of radio content annually. The Broadcasting Corporation employs 3500 staff members to operate two colour television networks, two nationwide radio networks, and 29 community stations, along with managing the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra and producing the weekly publication ""Listener."" The current television licence fee, established in 1975, is $45 annually or $27.50 for black and white sets, generating $32 million each year—one-third of the organisation’s total income. The rest of the funding is derived from advertising and sales of the ""Listener."" Notably, nearly 40 per cent of the materials aired on TVNZ are locally produced, with the remainder primarily sourced from Britain and the United States. An impressive two-thirds of the population, about 2.4 million viewers, tuned in for the live broadcast of the Royal Wedding from London. Additionally, 1.4 million people witnessed New Zealand's victory over China to secure a place in the soccer World Cup finals. In terms of radio services, around 60 transmitters provide a round-the-clock service with 70 separate news bulletins daily, including a news report in Māori. Community radio reaches 92 per cent of the North Island and 88 per cent of the South Island. The National Programme, originating from Wellington, features 40 per cent local content and 16 per cent New Zealand music and is accessible to 90 per cent of the population. The Concert Programme serves major population centres with an emphasis on serious music, drama, and discussions, featuring 30 per cent New Zealand music content. For younger audiences, three ZM stations in Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch offer music and entertainment services. Access Radio broadcasts weekly from 2YB in Wellington. The ""Listener"" magazine, with an average weekly circulation of 368,000, is read by about half the population, making it New Zealand's largest-selling publication. The New Zealand Symphony Orchestra, which celebrated 35 years of existence, cost over $3 million to operate in the previous year. The orchestra performed 50 serious concerts and 30 lighter summer performances, alongside producing studio recordings for radio and television, and toured 17 centres over four weeks, beginning in Queenstown and concluding in Te Kuiti.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820315_2_91_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820315.2.91.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,384955200
7724,16,03,1982,"Setting The Tone (Press, 16 March 1982)","An article published on 16 March 1982 reviews the television programme “Credo,” describing it as a poor quality show that is more verbal than visual. The programme is structured into three segments, with the first segment featuring an interview with the national director of Barnardo's, who was perceived as a pleasant individual. However, the conversation, led by a host believed to be named Naomi Trig, was uncomfortable. The review points out that interviews should ideally be conducted while seated, as the host appeared uneasy and struggled with the camera presence. The second segment of the show critiqued New Zealand’s refugee policy, which seemingly prioritises the acceptance of refugees who would prove beneficial to the country, contrasting with Barnardo's approach of assisting all needy children. The final part of “Credo” focused on St Patrick's Day, featuring an engaging priest named Father Conan Fahey, who added a light-hearted touch to the segment, partly due to his evident enjoyment of a glass of green beer. Following “Credo,” the programme transitioned into a performance by the Evening Post Onslow Brass Band for 45 minutes. The review comments on the positive nature of brass band music, recognising its optimistic and cheerful vibe. The piece hints at the humorous historical context of brass bands and marching girls in New Zealand, suggesting that the cultural phenomenon might stem from women's response to the reluctance of men to dance. The colourful performance was described as visually and audibly delightful, providing a fitting conclusion to the weekend. Lastly, the review notes that the subsequent programme, ""Country Calendar,"" contributed to the desired Sunday evening calm and optimism, but concludes with a note that significant improvements are required for “Credo” to become a better viewing experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820316_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820316.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,385041600
5102,24,03,1982,"Human Rights (Press, 24 March 1982)","In a letter to the editor published in ""The Press"" on 22 March 1982, D. R. Bisman from Wellington expressed strong disapproval regarding a United States State Department report that commended New Zealand's human rights record as “exemplary.” Bisman argued that this assertion is either based on significant misinformation or reflects a deliberate effort to present false propaganda. The letter emphasised the ongoing discrimination faced by gay men and lesbian women in New Zealand, noting that these individuals are denied fundamental rights that are otherwise available to the broader population. Bisman pointed out the refusal by the Human Rights Commission to include “sexual orientation” in its recommended human rights legislation. This exclusion means that the over 300,000 estimated homosexual individuals in New Zealand can legally face discrimination in employment, housing, and access to goods and services. Furthermore, Bisman highlighted the potential for individuals in the LGBTQ+ community to be fired from jobs, evicted from homes, and subjected to ridicule and persecution without any legal protections or recourse. The letter concluded by asserting that often the authorities responsible for upholding rights are instead the ones violating them, underscoring the urgent need for legislative changes to protect the rights of homosexual individuals in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820324_2_121_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820324.2.121.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,385732800
5103,25,03,1982,"Mary Poppins Was Never Like This (Press, 25 March 1982)","Julie Andrews, the renowned actress best known for her roles in classic films like ""Mary Poppins"" and ""The Sound of Music,"" is experiencing a significant transition in her career with her latest project, ""Victor-Victoria."" Released in 1982, this film showcases Andrews in the role of a transvestite—a woman masquerading as a man who performs as a woman. In an interview, she enthusiastically discusses the role, highlighting her growth and maturity as an actress. She acknowledges the iconic image of Mary Poppins but feels that trying to recreate that character would be unwise. Andrews reflects on her past projects, including the black comedy ""5.0.8.,"" where she bared her breasts—a departure from her previous wholesome image. She expressed no regrets about that decision, indicating that she embraced the evolution of her career. In ""Victor-Victoria,"" set in 1934 Paris, Andrews plays a destitute singer who, with the help of a homosexual cabaret performer, pretends to be a Polish count. The plot thickens when an American gangster develops feelings for her, leading to comedic situations upon discovering her true identity. The actress shared her preparation for the film, indicating that she observed male behaviour to authentically portray her character, while joking about her unfamiliarity with how men typically carry themselves. She noted that while she feels liberated as a woman, she recognised that men often have more societal advantages. In her personal life, Andrews maintains a balance between her public persona and her home life, revealing that she is more relaxed at home than her public image suggests. She is married to film director Blake Edwards, with whom she has a blended family that includes three children from previous marriages and two adopted daughters from Vietnam. Andrews emphasized her British identity, expressing her fondness for tea, and described her sense of safety and confidence while working with Edwards, reinforcing the personal and professional bond they share. Throughout her career, Andrews faced fluctuations in her popularity, especially after a series of box office failures in the late 1960s. Following a period of focusing on her family, she became involved in humanitarian efforts related to war-torn children in Asia, a cause linked to her husband’s activism. Now, with her career revitalised by roles that challenge her past image, Andrews noted that ""Victor-Victoria,"" has even gained acceptance from homosexual communities, showcasing her versatility and the changing landscape of her acting career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820325_2_102_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820325.2.102.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,385819200
7295,26,03,1982,"Human Rights (Press, 26 March 1982)","In a letter to the editor published on 26 March 1982, Hugh Gaw, the general secretary of the National Gay Rights Coalition of New Zealand, challenged the Reagan Administration's assertion that New Zealand has an ""exemplary record"" on human rights. Gaw argued that despite some progress in the past decade, homosexuals in New Zealand continue to face significant discrimination and oppression. He highlighted that approximately 150,000 individuals, both men and women, belonging to the homosexual community still lack basic security in employment, housing, and access to goods and services. Gaw pointed out that the Human Rights Commission does not acknowledge homosexuals as a minority group deserving of protections, and noted the continued illegality of sexual acts between men, even within private settings. Additionally, he mentioned the ongoing issues faced by lesbians, such as losing custody of children, and the violence and harassment experienced by both gay men and lesbians from so-called ""queer-bashers."" Gaw concluded that New Zealand's claimed record on human rights remains a myth until all citizens, including homosexuals, are granted full rights and protections.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820326_2_88_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820326.2.88.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,385905600
5104,26,03,1982,"Salvador Army Out In Force As Campaign Ends (Press, 26 March 1982)","Campaigning for elections in El Salvador concluded on 25 March 1982, with political party supporters distributing leaflets in the capital while government troops patrolled the streets. Leftist guerrillas have expressed their intent to disrupt the elections and have called for a general uprising to overthrow the United States-backed government, which they deem repressive and right-wing. The guerrilla radio station Venceremos reported that their forces engaged in ambushes against the military in eastern El Salvador, claiming to have inflicted heavy casualties. The army did not respond to these claims, but the guerrillas asserted that they had killed 14 soldiers and captured eight near the Cerro el Tigre mountains in the Morazán province while losing two of their own fighters. Sporadic clashes were reported on the outskirts of the capital, San Salvador, with guerrillas blocking main roads in the San Vicente province, although no significant casualties were reported. In response to the growing threat, the government heightened military presence in the capital, deploying the elite Atlacatl battalion to assert control. The election campaign was marked by minimal substantive debate among the six competing centre-right or rightist parties, with personal attacks being common. The Christian Democratic President Jose Napoleon Duarte became the frequent target of opposition parties, facing accusations of being a covert Communist and a homosexual from far-right factions who sought to rise in power by promising to eliminate insurgents. President Duarte expressed confidence in the electoral process, stating that he believed the upcoming poll would be fair and that the military would refrain from interference, unlike in the recent elections held in Guatemala. The political violence that has plagued El Salvador over the past two years has resulted in approximately 30,000 deaths, with guerrilla forces continually clashing with government troops who are supported by extreme rightist groups. The United States has staunchly backed the Salvadoran government, asserting that the elections represent the best opportunity to halt the violence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820326_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820326.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,385905600
7296,29,03,1982,"Human Rights (Press, 29 March 1982)","In a letter to the editor, Margaret Manning responds to a previous letter by Hugh Gaw published on 26 March 1982, discussing the rights of gay individuals. Manning asserts that it has been demonstrated that people are not inherently born gay, nor are they naturally predisposed to alcoholism, criminal behaviour, or mental instability. Instead, she suggests that childhood relationships may influence how individuals react to societal treatment as they mature. Manning references Martin Luther King Jr.'s assertion that ""Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere,"" highlighting the interconnectedness of social justice issues. She reflects on her religious upbringing, which labelled people as ""miserable sinners,"" and questions the morality of judging others while being aware of one's own flaws. Manning calls for greater tolerance towards those who are different, advocating for empathy and understanding with the sentiment, ""There, but for the grace of God, go I."" Her letter encourages reflection on personal biases and the importance of compassion in addressing social injustices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820329_2_94_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820329.2.94.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,386164800
4074,22,04,1982,"17-film Festival Covers Much Ground (Press, 22 April 1982)","The Canterbury Film Festival, set to commence on 23 April 1982 at the Avenue in Riccarton, offers a diverse programme over two weeks, featuring 17 international films aimed at a variety of audiences. Among the films is ""Gloria"" (showing on 23 April), directed by John Cassavetes, which presents a fresh take on the classic gangster genre, led by Gena Rowlands in a powerful performance. On the same day, ""The Glacier Fox"" (2 p.m.) explores the life of a shy animal through concealed camera work, while ""She Dances Alone"" (5.30 p.m.) is a dramatised documentary featuring Nijinsky's daughter, mixing fact with fiction in a humorous and poignant narrative. The festival continues on 24 April with a double feature including ""J-Men Forever"" and ""Little Shop of Horrors"" at 8 p.m. This pairing of films, noted for their bad taste, offers a satirical take on J. Edgar Hoover’s policies and a humorous monster movie, respectively. Monday, 25 April features ""Oblomov"" (8.15 p.m.), a Russian comedy that delves into the theme of laziness as the protagonist struggles against the desire to avoid responsibility. On Tuesday, ""Renaldo and Clara"" (8.15 p.m.) recounts Bob Dylan’s Rolling Thunder Revue tour, blending concert footage with improvised scenes related to his lyrics. Wednesday, 27 April sees the screening of ""From Mao to Mozart"" (8.15 p.m.), featuring violinist Isaac Stern's journey through China in 1979, showcasing Western music's brief reintroduction to the country. Late-night sessions from 29-30 April present ""Army of Lovers"" (""Revolt of the Perverts"") (11 p.m.), which tackles the evolution of gay identity in America, along with two screenings of ""Some Like It Hot"" (8.15 p.m. on 30 April and 5.30 p.m. on 1 May)—often regarded as one of the greatest American comedies. 1 May also features ""The Tinderbox"" (2 p.m.), a Danish animated adaptation of Hans Christian Andersen’s fairy tale, while ""Cutter's Way"" and ""Windows"" (8 p.m.) offer more adult themes, exploring corruption and voyeurism, respectively. On 3 May, ""Hullabaloo"" (8.15 p.m.) presents a comedy against the backdrop of the disintegrating British Raj, whereas ""Lemon Popsicle"" (8.15 p.m. on 4 May) gives a lighthearted take on teenage life in the 1950s. The festival concludes with ""Romance on Lushan Mountain"" (8.15 p.m. on 5 May), a significant film from China that aims for international audiences, followed by ""The Stalker"" (8.15 p.m. on 6 May), a Russian film whose release had been previously restricted by Soviet authorities. This broad selection reflects the festival's intention to cater to a wide range of cinematic tastes, highlighting both classic and contemporary works, and invites local audiences to engage with diverse storytelling from across the globe.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820422_2_91_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820422.2.91.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,388238400
7232,24,04,1982,"Gay Group Remembers (Press, 24 April 1982)","On 24 April 1982, the Wellington Gay Task Force received approval from the Returned Services' Association to lay a wreath at the Wellington citizens' war memorial on Anzac Day. The association, while granting permission, requested that the wreath and the corresponding remembrance align with the solemnity of the ceremony. The task force intends to honour the memory of the thousands of homosexuals who faced persecution and were ultimately killed in Nazi concentration camps. This initiative, as expressed by spokesman Mr Nigel Pearson, aims to highlight and respect the historical suffering of these individuals within the context of the commemoration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820424_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820424.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,388411200
5105,26,04,1982,"Church Ordains Lesbian (Press, 26 April 1982)","On 26 April 1982, news emerged from Washington regarding the groundbreaking ordination of Anne Holmes, a 31-year-old lesbian, as a member of the clergy in the United States, potentially marking the first instance of an acknowledged homosexual being appointed to such a position within a US church. Holmes was ordained by the Protestant United Church of Christ, a denomination known for its liberal values and inclusive stance, which consists of approximately 1.8 million members. Holmes expressed her reluctance to have her sexuality defined as the central issue of her ordination, stating, “I didn’t want this to become the issue, but I was too honest to hide it.” The ordination process in the United Church of Christ requires candidates to submit a comprehensive personal and theological biography, which led to Holmes disclosing her sexual orientation openly during her training. The topic of ordaining homosexuals remains contentious within the church. Notably, the Bishop of Denver faces potential sanctions from church authorities for declaring that homosexuality is “incompatible with Christian teachings.” Furthermore, the article highlights that the United States National Council of Churches is set to address the matter in the upcoming autumn, where it will consider the admission of the Metropolitan Community Churches, a denomination founded by and for homosexual individuals. This unfolding situation reflects broader theological and social debates regarding the inclusion of LGBTQ+ individuals in religious leadership roles within mainline Protestant denominations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820426_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820426.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,388584000
7233,26,04,1982,"Homosexuals Lay Wreath (Press, 26 April 1982)","On 26 April 1982, the Wellington Gay Task Force placed a pink triangular wreath at the Wellington war memorial, commemorating those who lost their lives in war. Prior to the ceremony, the group had sought permission from the Returned Services’ Association to carry out this act of remembrance. Mr Nigel Pearson, a spokesman for the group, highlighted that the wreath was specifically intended to honour not only soldiers and civilians who died in the conflict but also to recognise the thousands of homosexuals who were persecuted and killed in Nazi concentration camps during the Holocaust. This gesture aimed to raise awareness of the historical injustices faced by the LGBTQ+ community while paying tribute to all victims of war.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820426_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820426.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,388584000
7093,29,04,1982,"‘Evil, Unspeakable, And Not Quite Nice (Press, 29 April 1982)","On 29 April 1982, the first-ever gay revue in New Zealand, titled ""Give us a kiss... and we'll tell you,"" was set to be performed in Christchurch at the Southern Ballet Theatre. The show, which spans three weeks on a national tour, takes a humorous and irreverent look at homosexuality, incorporating 20 fast-paced songs that touch on various elements of gay history, including notable events like the Stonewall riots and perspectives on biblical views of homosexuality. The music for the revue was primarily composed by William Dart, an Auckland-based composer and pianist, with some lyrics contributed by John Curry, an actor and director, and additional input from Ross Fraser. The concept for the show emerged after Dart was inspired by Mervyn Thompson's musical ""Songs to the Judges,"" which explored Māori issues. Dart felt compelled to address other social issues like feminism and homosexuality through engaging and thought-provoking theatre, a decision further motivated by the recent suicide of a gay friend and the perceived dullness of existing gay theatre. Dart explained that their objective was not to create a show solely for a gay audience or one filled with activism but rather to entertain and provoke thought through wit and humour. He expressed that using humour to discuss sensitive topics can be an effective method for overcoming societal insecurities related to sexuality. Curry echoed these sentiments, highlighting that the performance avoids explicit content, aiming instead to present the normal lives of gay individuals while ultimately pushing for greater understanding and empathy among audience members. Curry noted that the show's title originated from a childhood joke and acknowledged that while the production is not political in intent, it still serves as a means to display a positive representation of gay lives. They both recognised the subtleties involved in confronting societal prejudices and hoped that by entertaining the audience, they could foster a more profound emotional connection and social awareness. The tour's timing coincides with the tenth anniversary of the gay rights movement in New Zealand, a fact they saw as significant, even if coincidental. Curry remarked on how the historical context surrounding gay experiences in New Zealand was finally beginning to emerge and become acknowledged in mainstream discussions. The show was anticipated to be provocative yet agreeable to the public, with both Dart and Curry believing that it would appeal to broad audiences without resorting to shock tactics. With the production, they aspired to challenge preconceived notions while employing laughter as a vehicle to discuss the complexities of sexuality and acceptance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820429_2_103_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820429.2.103.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,388843200
5106,20,05,1982,"Church And The State (Press, 20 May 1982)","The Springbok tour controversy has highlighted the complex relationship between the Church and politics, drawing significant commentary from church leaders who collectively opposed the tour and voiced their concerns publicly. The demonstrations and acts of civil disobedience by some anti-tour groups raised alarms about the Church's potential endorsement of lawlessness, leading to inquiries regarding its responsibilities when in disagreement with the State. In response, a joint working committee formed by the National Council of Churches (N.C.C.) and the Catholic Church has endeavoured to clarify the Church's role in political matters. This undertaking is significant as it navigates a historically sensitive issue, with notable figures like Karl Marx and Thomas Paine having critiqued the intertwining of Church and State. The Anglican Church itself originated from a conflict between an English monarch and the Vatican. The committee's research into Church-State relations yielded no substantial justification for the belief that the Church should avoid political engagement. Instead, they issued a policy statement titled ""Church and State,"" asserting that the Church is tasked with the ongoing and challenging responsibility of engaging with the Government in support of all people. The N.C.C. represents eleven mainstream denominations, excluding Catholic and Pentecostal churches, yet includes Catholic representation, making the statement broadly reflective of the official Church stance. The N.C.C. acts as the political voice for Protestant churches, while a similar commission serves the Catholic Church, often sharing views on several pressing issues. In recent months, both groups have challenged various governmental decisions, with the Springbok tour becoming the most publicised contention. Additional criticisms have been directed at policies concerning ""Think Big,"" land sales, and defence strategies. The N.C.C. is also investigating the Treaty of Waitangi’s legal implications and its impact on Māori justice and rights. Despite divergent opinions within the churches regarding these positions, Rev. Angus MacLeod, the N.C.C. secretary, emphasises democratic decision-making in their policy formation. If consensus cannot be reached, public statements on certain topics, such as abortion or LGBT issues, are not issued. MacLeod identifies the inherent tensions within the Council, which arise from varying priorities, such as personal salvation versus engagement in political spheres, and differing political perspectives among church members. The biblical principle “Render unto Caesar” serves as the foundation of the N.C.C.’s political role, which is to advocate for the marginalized and voiceless, holding the government accountable. While the council may often critique the National Party more than the Labour Party, it maintains a non-partisan stance, focusing on societal improvement regardless of the ruling party. In concluding its statement, the working committee positions the Church as an influential entity among many in a secular environment, expressing optimism about its capacity to effect societal change. Rev. MacLeod views New Zealand as nominally Christian, asserting that the Church's perception of being threatened is overstated, supported by statistics showing a significant percentage of the population identifying with the Church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820520_2_92_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820520.2.92.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,390657600
5107,20,05,1982,"Lethal Syndrome Places Homosexual Men At Risk (Press, 20 May 1982)","A new and alarming syndrome has emerged in the United States, affecting more than 300 previously healthy individuals, primarily young homosexual males. The syndrome is characterised by a rare cancer known as Kaposi's sarcoma, typically associated with the elderly, and various opportunistic infections, particularly a type of pneumonia usually experienced by those with suppressed immune systems. Most cases have been reported within the last 15 months, with the incidence rate currently at roughly one new case each day reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia. The death rate is notably high, already reaching 40 per cent, and is anticipated to rise further. Patients exhibit a significant collapse of their immune systems, specifically a deficiency in key immunological cells known as T-helper cells. This new health crisis has raised urgent questions regarding its causes, particularly its sudden onset and its specific impact on younger homosexual men. Several theories have been proposed for the origin of this syndrome, with the first being the introduction of a new infectious agent that could be transmitted sexually among men. However, no concrete evidence for such an agent has been identified to date. Another consideration is whether lifestyle factors, including new patterns of drug use, may be contributing to the syndrome. Initial observations indicated that drug abuse and prior infections with known viruses could be common factors among the afflicted. It was recognised that homosexuals typically have a higher incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which is known to have immunosuppressive effects and might play a role in Kaposi’s sarcoma development. Further investigation has focused on a particular subset of drugs, specifically nitrites, which are sometimes used by the homosexual community to enhance sexual experience. While these nitrites have been in use since the 1960s and are widely consumed, most users remain healthy, casting doubt on their sole culpability in the current health crisis. Among other hypotheses, the use of over-the-counter cortisone creams has been considered due to their potential immunosuppressive properties. However, there is insufficient usage data to support the notion that these creams could be responsible for the severe immune degradation observed in patients. The CDC is conducting tests on laboratory animals to explore potential links to these substances, with results expected in about two months. Meanwhile, experts are struggling with the complexity of identifying specific drugs involved, given that many substance users mix various drugs, making it challenging to pinpoint a causal factor. As of now, the medical community's efforts have focused on symptom management for affected patients, with little success. The immediate hope is that researchers will soon uncover the underlying cause of this devastating syndrome that has emerged so unexpectedly.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820520_2_117_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820520.2.117.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,390657600
5108,22,05,1982,"Constantly Upset By Granny Buckle (Press, 22 May 1982)","Richard Buckle's autobiography, ""The Most Upsetting Woman,"" published in 1981, focuses primarily on his grandmother, Lily Buckle, rather than his renowned career as a ballet critic and author. In the book, Buckle, who gained a C.B.E. in 1979 for his contributions to the ballet world, dedicates himself to recounting the life and influence of his grandmother, a dominant figure throughout his early life, and a well-meaning yet complex character. The title of the book stems from a comment made by a doctor who was touched by Lily's empathetic nature while she nursed young soldiers during World War I. She had a talent for moving people to tears, a trait she applied not only in her nursing but also in her short stories. Despite her sentimental side, she embodied a blend of Victorian values and progressive ideas, having a sharp insight into human nature. Buckle was the cherished grandson of Lily, being the only child of her only son who lost his life in battle in 1918. This loss intensified the bond between Richard and Lily, who mourned the death of her son deeply and had high hopes for her grandson’s potential as a writer. Their relationship is central to the narrative, intertwining their lives as Buckle reflects on his formative years, wartime experiences, and the burden of expectation from his grandmother. As a young man, he engrossed himself in the vibrant cultural life of London, founding the influential magazine ""Ballet,"" a venture his grandmother viewed with skepticism. When World War II broke out, Buckle enlisted despite being a pacifist; his grandmother and her husband supported his decision. His experiences as a soldier in Italy are depicted through a colourful lens, contrasting the beauty of the Italian landscape and art with the harsh realities of war. Buckle's time in the army saw him indulging in the pleasures of life alongside the grim atmosphere of conflict, revealing a duality in his character that combined bravery with an appreciation for aesthetics and relationships. After returning from the war and dealing with the pressures of life in post-war London, Buckle faced numerous personal challenges, including depression and a struggle to settle into serious writing as his grandmother wished. Lily passed away in 1953, leaving behind an indelible mark on Buckle, who took many years and ultimately a personal crisis to begin writing his autobiography. Buckle's work is noted for its engaging and witty style, presenting a valuable reflection on English social history from 1884 to 1953. However, his frequent inclusion of high-society names and acquaintances can sometimes detract from the narrative's flow, making the reading experience a bit erratic at times. The autobiography serves both as a tribute to his beloved grandmother and a personal journey through Buckle's complex life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820522_2_82_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820522.2.82.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,390830400
6663,28,05,1982,"Film Directed From Prison (Press, 28 May 1982)","At the 1982 Cannes Film Festival, the prestigious Golden Palm award was shared between the American film ""Missing,"" directed by Greek-born Frenchman Costa-Gavras, and the Turkish film ""Yol,"" directed by Yilmaz Guney and Serif Goren. ""Missing"" tells the poignant story of a father's desperate search for his journalist son who vanished during the Chilean coup d'état in 1973, and was a strong contender for the award. Costa-Gavras, aged 48, has recently assumed the role of head of the French National Film Library, reputed to be one of the finest film collections worldwide. Jack Lemmon, who portrayed the father in ""Missing,"" was awarded the best actor accolade. ""Yol,"" which focuses on four Turkish prisoners released on parole for one week, was directed by Guney while he was serving a 19-year prison sentence for the murder of a public prosecutor. Guney, who escaped from prison the previous October, was present at Cannes for the film's screening but left via a private airplane after the Turkish government requested his extradition. The Turkish Foreign Ministry launched a formal protest, demanding Guney's return, as he had been sentenced in absentia to an additional seven and a half years for publishing communist propaganda. His appearance in Cannes drew significant media attention in Turkey. The Grand Prix Special du Jury, the festival's runner-up prize, went to ""La Notte di San Lorenzo"" (The Night of San Lorenzo) by Italian directors Paulo and Vittorio Taviani. Set during the 1944 American invasion of Italy, the film is based on the brothers' personal experiences in Tuscany during that time. Best actress was awarded to Polish actress Yadwiga Jankowska-Cieslak for her role in Hungarian director Karoly Makk’s ""Another Way,"" where she plays a steadfast lesbian journalist during the tumultuous years following 1956. The best director award was given to West German filmmaker Werner Herzog for ""Fitzcarraldo,"" noted for its inspirational storytelling and ambitious production, which took place under challenging conditions in Peru. Additionally, the jury recommended a special thirty-fifth anniversary award for Michelangelo Antonioni’s ""Identificazione di una Donna"" (Identification of a Woman), recognising the consistent relevance and depth of his work. French cinematographer Bruno Nuytten received an award for his artistic contributions to Peter del Monte's ""Invitation au Voyage."" Overall, the festival showcased a diverse range of films and celebrated significant achievements in global cinema.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820528_2_60_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820528.2.60.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,391348800
6522,03,06,1982,"De Palma Thriller (Press, 3 June 1982)","The new film ""Blow Out,"" directed by Brian De Palma, is set to premiere at the Carlton on 4 June 1982. The opening sequence immediately establishes De Palma's signature style, featuring a voyeuristic perspective as a menacing stranger watches several naked couples engaged in sexual acts through a window. The scene escalates as the stranger raises a knife over one of the couples, and after a brief moment, the action shifts to a shower cubicle where another unsuspecting victim awaits. This tense introduction serves as a self-referential nod to De Palma’s earlier film, “Dressed to Kill,” and is framed within the context of a film set when a voice yells “cut,” punctuating the suspense. Despite the playful homage, the film manages to maintain a high level of shock and suspense, demonstrating De Palma's ability to deliver more intensity in five minutes than many films manage throughout their entirety. “Blow Out” encapsulates De Palma's distinctive filmmaking approach, characterised by its stylised narrative and larger-than-life characters. Brian De Palma, often described as a ""master of the macabre,"" has faced criticism over his portrayal of sex and violence on screen. In his defence, he argues that film, as an art form, uniquely allows for the exploration of these themes, a capability not as readily available on television or stage. His body of work includes provocative stories such as “Sisters,” featuring a Siamese twin with a dark spirit, “Carrie,” which tells the tale of a telekinetic teenager seeking revenge, and the cult classic “Phantom of the Paradise,” which focuses on a disfigured rock star. His previous film, “Dressed to Kill,” included a notable scene involving a transsexual murderer. In “Blow Out,” De Palma collaborates again with Nancy Allen, who was also his wife at the time, alongside John Travolta. The two actors previously starred together in “Carrie,” and their pairing adds an element of intrigue to the film. Overall, “Blow Out” promises to be a thrilling addition to De Palma's filmography, continuing his exploration of complex and often unsettling themes with a distinctive flair.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820603_2_77_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820603.2.77.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,391867200
6910,08,06,1982,"Stravinsky Salute— And Explanation (Press, 8 June 1982)","The New Zealand Symphony Orchestra is set to present a centenary tribute to composer Igor Stravinsky with a performance of his suite “Les Noces (The Wedding)” on June 17, 1982. This complex work is a suite made up of typical wedding scenes expressed through common conversations. To aid audience understanding, an explanatory lecture will take place an hour before the concert. The performance demands a significant ensemble, including four pianists, five vocal soloists, percussion, and a choir, featuring notable local talents such as Wendy Dixon, Anthea Moller, Anthony Benfell, Bruce Carson, and Howard Harvey for vocal parts, alongside the Christchurch Harmonic Choir directed by David Childs. The four pianists, all students from the University of Canterbury under Maurice Till, include Sharon Joy Vogan, Janet Williams, Lea Henderson, and Michael Lawrence. The percussion section consists of NZSO players including Gary Brain and Trevor Dean. The concert will commence with a lively performance of Haydn's Symphony No. 88, part of the NZSO's celebration of Haydn’s 250th birthday. The finale will be Brahms's Piano Concerto No. 2, known for its length and unique structure, featuring distinguished Russian-born pianist Mark Zeltser as the soloist. Zeltser, who emigrated to the United States in 1976, gained recognition after a sensational debut at the Salzburg Festival in 1977 and has since performed worldwide. This tour marks his first collaboration with the NZSO. The NZSO will be under the baton of Michi Inoue, who recently conducted at the Stravinsky festival in La Scala, Milan, and is on his sixth tour with the orchestra. Additionally, the Canterbury University School of Music is presenting the final series in their complete organ works of J.S. Bach which began this month. Organ recitals, featuring lecturers Graham Hollobon and Martin Setchell, will take place at fortnightly intervals, showcasing major works including the “Great” G minor Fantasia and Fugue. The next recital is scheduled for June 15. The Harmonic Chorale will offer a nostalgic look back at the 1940s with a concert at the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, featuring works by Stravinsky, Copland, and Kodaly. Notably, Stravinsky's Mass for Mixed Chorus and Double Wind Quintet aims to blend medieval and modern elements. Judy Bellingham will perform as a soloist in Copland’s “In the Beginning,” while Don Whelan will accompany the Missa Brevis by Kodaly, conducted by John Pattinson. Moreover, a photographic exhibition illustrating New Zealand architecture, prepared for an American audience, is showcased at the Town Hall until June 12. This display, organized by the New Zealand Institute of Architects, highlights the nation’s buildings and has been touring since its initial presentation at the New Zealand Chancery in Washington. Lastly, Christchurch actor Mervyn Glue will star in his first one-man show, “The Elocution of Benjamin Franklin,” a play written by Australian Steve J. Spears, which opens at the Southern Ballet Theatre. This production features Glue in the role of Robert O'Brien, a middle-aged transvestite speech teacher, who engages with imaginary characters, providing keen commentary throughout the performance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820608_2_105_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820608.2.105.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,392299200
5109,09,06,1982,"Mervyn Glue As The Drag Queen Of Toorak (Press, 9 June 1982)","On 9 June 1982, an article featured Mervyn Glue, a multi-faceted individual known as a criminal lawyer, actor, and humorous reciter, who has taken on the challenging role of a transvestite named Robert O'Brien in the Australian play “The Elocution of Benjamin Franklin.” This production will be showcased at the Southern Ballet Theatre over the next two weeks. Glue has devoted three months to preparing for this one-man performance, which includes learning two hours of dialogue that he anticipates will shock some audiences. He describes the play as ""fantastic,"" recognising its rudeness, humour, and underlying sadness, characterising it as a ‘gay’ work of art. Though Glue identifies as heterosexual, he has experience representing homosexuals and transvestites in the legal realm, and he approaches the role with no prejudice. He embraces the character of O'Brien, who is a flamboyant teacher of elocution with personal struggles, such as a stammer. Glue finds the experience of shopping for women's clothing and shoes both amusing and challenging, reflecting on the sometimes suspicious responses of shopkeepers. His effort includes creating a suitable costume, including a custom-made dress and a costly wig. Mervyn Glue is personally financing the production, having bought rights to the play after a lengthy pursuit, and he has assumed responsibility for set design and costume creation. He views this venture as the most significant in his career, noting that opportunities for actors of his stature are limited. The script was originally penned by Steven J. Spears for actor Gordon Chater, who had notable runs in both Sydney and London. Despite competition from another theatre group seeking to perform the play in Wellington, Glue will go first with the South Island rights and is even considering a tour if the initial run proves successful. He describes the work as exceptionally written, reflecting on the isolation and frustrations that individuals face, particularly through the dynamic between the main character O'Brien and a young boy named Benjamin Franklin, who struggles with stuttering and is pushed by his dominating mother to seek help. Glue acknowledges that the play will likely provoke strong reactions and emotions in audiences, believing that contemporary society is becoming more resilient to provocative themes. While acknowledging the comedic elements, Glue underscores the play's tragic aspects and its exploration of tolerance and understanding. He anticipates that curiosity may bring some members of the gay community, who might critique his interpretation, to the performance. Glue approaches the demanding role with both excitement and trepidation, gearing up for the quick costume changes that his character requires, and expressing a determination to meet the personal challenge the role presents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820609_2_119_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820609.2.119.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,392385600
6911,12,06,1982,"B. Franklin’s Elocution (Press, 12 June 1982)","""The Elocution of Benjamin Franklin,"" written by Steve J. Spears and directed by Gerald Lascelles, was staged by the Alternative Theatre at the Southern Ballet Theatre from June 11 to June 26, 1982. The play features Mervyn Glue, a well-known raconteur in Christchurch, in a leading role as Robert O'Brien, an elocution teacher with a secret life as a transvestite. The performance, however, faced criticism due to its technical limitations, primarily stemming from its monologue structure that did not utilise supporting characters, which detracted from the overall impact. The storyline revolves around the central character, O'Brien, who encounters a young pupil who is openly homosexual, leading to complications and ultimately resulting in O'Brien's exposure at a transvestite party. This event leads to his arrest, declaration of insanity, and subsequent commitment to an asylum. The first hour and a half of the play comprises a series of short scenes that are burdened by lengthy costume changes, causing the pacing to suffer and become repetitive. While there are moments of humour and clever lines, the dialogue is laden with vulgar language, occasionally overwhelming the audience. The critic Gerrit Bahlman pointed out that Glue’s portrayal of the elocution teacher, marked by a coarse vocal quality, did not convincingly align with the character's sophistication. Despite these challenges, the second act marked a significant improvement. It presents a more cohesive narrative, exploring O'Brien's life post-asylum, allowing Glue's performance to shine through in a more poignant manner. The previously fragmented continuity is replaced by a more compelling and emotional portrayal, which ultimately redeemed the earlier shortcomings of the production.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820612_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820612.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,392644800
6664,12,06,1982,"Complaint Against Feminist Festival (Press, 12 June 1982)","On 12 June 1982, the Human Rights Commission received a complaint regarding the exclusion of men from some events at a feminist Arts Festival held in Auckland. The complaint was prompted by decisions made by the festival organisers based on their interpretation of the law, believing they could limit attendance to women only for specific performances. Ms Shayne Mathieson, a human rights investigating officer, clarified that such restrictions were permissible only in relation to race, not sex or marital status. The matter was set to be discussed in a commission meeting on 16 June. One of the festival's organisers, Ms Jenny Renals, maintained that no changes would be made to the programme in response to the complaint. The issue at hand specifically revolved around a recent film screening that featured explicit lesbian content. For the film, men would be asked to leave the venue before its showing, which was only 13 minutes long. Renals expressed her belief that men’s presence during the film would make the women uncomfortable, asserting that the event was not designed to enhance men’s understanding or awareness of women’s issues. In the event that men refused to exit, she indicated they would be forcibly removed or the screening could be postponed. The festival also included other women-only events, such as the opening ceremony and a discussion on the lesbian-heterosexual dynamics within the feminist movement, which Renals argued would not be relevant for men. A dance event was planned exclusively for women as well, providing a space for women to enjoy each other's company without the presence of men. Renals expressed derision towards the Human Rights Commission, describing it as “a bit of a farce” and suggested they might respond to any official communication but were prepared to contest the issue in court if necessary. The controversial lesbian film had been granted an R18 rating by the Censor and was slated for a singular screening at the festival. The situation highlighted tensions between feminist activism, freedom of expression, and the broader interpretation of human rights legislation pertaining to gender in New Zealand at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820612_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820612.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,392644800
5110,19,06,1982,"The Strange Case Of The Silent Twins (Press, 19 June 1982)","June and Jennifer Gibbons, 19-year-old identical twins, were sentenced by Mr Justice Leonard at Swansea Crown Court to indefinite detention at Broadmoor Hospital, a high-security psychiatric facility, following their guilty pleas to 16 charges including breaking and entering, petty theft, and arson. The twins, known for their frail appearance and silence, were described by the prosecution as having previously been of good character, with no prior convictions. Throughout the court proceedings, they remained impassive and did not engage with the court, demonstrating a long-standing refusal to speak to adults, which baffled those around them. Their chosen mode of communication was exclusive to one another, using a private language that left adults in confusion. The twins' psychological condition was deemed to be a psychopathic disorder by a psychiatrist from Broadmoor, leading to their recommended placement at the facility. This decision was seen as largely unavoidable, as there were no alternative sentencing options available. Official reports indicated the twins had been aware of their confinement, exhibiting a peculiar dynamic of communication and behaviour, characterised by a history of elective mutism. Despite their silence to the outside world, there were indications of a rich inner life; they had been secretly teaching themselves to write and had produced several works, one of which June published, demonstrating a level of literary talent that contrasted sharply with their communication difficulties. June and Jennifer’s silence had its origins in their childhood, with delayed speech development and growing avoidance of interactions with adults. Over time, their behaviour became increasingly withdrawn, culminating in bizarre actions that worried their family and educators. They developed a fear of being observed and preferred to communicate through brief notes or silence, leading to a unique bond that kept them isolated from their peers and family. Even therapists struggled to break through their silent barrier, resulting in increasingly desperate measures, including attempts to separate the twins, which ultimately led to heightened distress. The girls' troubles escalated following a brief friendship with boys from a nearby naval base, which introduced them to delinquent behaviours such as glue sniffing, leading to their series of thefts and arson incidents, amounting to significant property damage. The police apprehended them after they were caught setting fire to a college, uncovering evidence of their crimes in their bedroom, including a bizarre diary maintained by June. Their sudden criminal activities remained unexplained, although both girls expressed a desire for fame that took a tragic turn. Now detained at Broadmoor, the twins, who have never had prior offences, found themselves on a path that could lead to permanent confinement among individuals with severe mental disorders. The complexities of their identity, communication, and their rare psychological condition continue to intrigue and confuse those who have encountered them.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820619_2_91_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820619.2.91.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,393249600
6665,23,06,1982,"Fashionable First Lady Works Hard On Her Public... (Press, 23 June 1982)","In an article dated 23 June 1982, writer Michael Davie explores the public image and duties of Nancy Reagan, the thirty-seventh First Lady of the United States. While the role of First Lady is often free from scandal, Mrs Reagan has faced some criticism, particularly regarding her fondness for designer fashion and expensive items, like a $209,000 dinner service for the White House, acquired during a national recession. There was also controversy surrounding jewellery gifted by the firm Harry Winston, which was ultimately returned except for a pair of earrings that Mrs Reagan took with her to Windsor Castle. Despite some public irritation over her appearances and spending habits, Mrs Reagan strives to maintain a strong public persona. She sees her main duty as being a supportive wife to President Ronald Reagan and keeps a rigorous schedule. Their mornings begin with shared breakfasts before the President heads to work, while she remains dedicated to fitness and manages her own office tasks. Throughout her time in the White House, she has participated in numerous public functions, with a focus on state dinners and other formal receptions. Mrs Reagan is actively involved in overseeing State functions, including menu tastings and entertainment choices for guests. She has also taken the initiative to refurbish the White House, recognising that many furnishings had fallen into disrepair since Jacqueline Kennedy's restoration efforts. Declining congressional funds for personal renovations, she instead launched a special fundraising project, receiving substantial public support. In her role, Mrs Reagan has focused on various social initiatives, particularly the Foster Grandparent Program, which engages elderly citizens to mentor children with special needs. This federally funded programme has enjoyed stability in funding, which is notable amid broader budget cuts during the Reagan administration. Mrs Reagan's dedication to her duties is reflected in her extensive participation in events, attending nearly 300 functions in just over a year. However, she also balances her public responsibilities with private pursuits, engaging in reading and journaling, and she holds an interest in collecting small decorative items. Overall, Nancy Reagan's tenure as First Lady blends elements of style, social responsibility, and personal care, showcasing her adaptability within the unique demands of her role.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820623_2_114_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820623.2.114.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,393595200
5111,26,06,1982,"Miss Bartlett Expounds Views Against Bill (Press, 26 June 1982)","In a submission to the Parliamentary Select Committee hearing on the Domestic Protection Bill on 26 June 1982, Patricia Bartlett, the national secretary of the Society for Promotion of Community Standards, voiced strong opposition to the proposed legislation. She argued that the bill, which aims to address domestic violence, includes provisions for recognising de facto relationships that, if enacted, would undermine the institution of marriage and the family in New Zealand. Bartlett expressed concern that the inclusion of de facto relationships in the legislation could set a precedent that would ultimately lead to the recognition of various alternative family structures which, according to her, could deviate significantly from traditional marriage. She elaborated that the term ""family"" was not clearly defined in the bill, allowing for a broad interpretation that could encompass modified marriages, co-marital relationships, and even same-sex unions, among others. She feared that such a vague definition could pave the way for legal recognition of diverse marital arrangements, including polygamous or group marriages. In her presentation, Bartlett did not attribute any intentional malice to the lawmakers proposing the bill but stressed that the potential outcomes of the legislation were troubling. She argued that the legislative move towards recognising de facto relationships would lead society to accept various forms of family structures, which she considered to be detrimental. Emphasising her belief that marriage, as traditionally understood, is a cornerstone of societal stability, she warned that granting statutory recognition to de facto relationships could open the door to what she termed ""abuses and affronts"" to societal standards. Bartlett categorically asserted that such changes would first affect the recognition of homosexual relationships, framing this shift as an affront to the values of decent citizens. For her, the traditional institution of marriage and the family formed the foundation of the state and deserved unwavering support, rather than legislative changes that might dilute their significance. Overall, Bartlett’s submission underscored a deep concern over the changing landscape of family and marriage in New Zealand, positioning her argument within a broader cultural and moral context. Her statements attempted to rally opposition to the bill on the grounds that it threatened to erode the traditional values that she believed were essential for the well-being of society as a whole.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820626_2_136.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820626.2.136,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,393854400
7602,30,06,1982,"Pistols Banned (Press, 30 June 1982)","On 30 June 1982, San Francisco became the first major American city to impose a ban on most residents from owning pistols. The city's Board of Supervisors passed the legislation with a vote of six to four, and it was promptly signed into law by Mayor Dianne Feinstein. This decision was heavily influenced by the city's struggles with gun violence, notably illustrated by the memory of the assassination of Feinstein's predecessor, George Moscone, and supervisor Harvey Milk in 1978. Feinstein emphasised the need for stricter gun control, stating, ""We have had enough of death, dismemberment and desecration in our society."" Statistics from the previous year revealed that out of 126 murders in San Francisco, at least 40 were committed with pistols, highlighting the urgency and justification behind the new regulation. Under the new law, pistol owners among the city's population of approximately 700,000 residents will be given a 120-day grace period to dispose of their firearms. Failure to comply with the law after this period would result in penalties, including a possible jail term of 30 days and a fine of $5,000. However, the law does not extend to rifles or shotguns. Exemptions are made for gun collectors, members of shooting sports groups, and shop owners who possess police permits to have firearms. Opposition to the ban was swift, particularly from the National Rifle Association, which announced intentions to challenge the legislation in court.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820630_2_58_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820630.2.58.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,394200000
5112,03,07,1982,"Sex Scandal Inquiry (Press, 3 July 1982)","On 3 July 1982, the chairman of the House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, Rep. Louis Stokes, announced an immediate investigation into allegations that members of Congress may have offered official favours in exchange for sexual encounters with teenage pages. Stokes, a Democrat from Ohio, emphasised that the committee would fully invoke its jurisdiction to conduct a thorough investigation into these serious charges. If any allegations are substantiated, they will be reported to the House for potential disciplinary action. Additionally, representatives from the Federal Bureau of Investigation indicated that their inquiry into possible sexual misconduct involving congressional pages and members was in its preliminary stages. The findings from this inquiry will be forwarded to the Justice Department for necessary action. The investigation was prompted by the testimony of a former congressional page who reported attending parties where teenage pages were allegedly drugged and subjected to sexual advances. This individual claimed that at some of these events, young pages were provided with cocaine and assaulted. The former page had mentioned the names of certain congressional members in connection with these claims, although it was not clear whether he had directly witnessed the alleged activities or merely heard about them from others. In a related development, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has been conducting an ongoing investigation into illegal drug activities on Capitol Hill, which has led to charges against three individuals. However, the DEA's probe has not been definitively linked to the ongoing investigation concerning pages and members of Congress. Moreover, CBS News aired an interview with another former page who claimed to have facilitated meetings between several congressional staffers and homosexual prostitutes. This youth stated that his involvement served as an “insurance policy,” suggesting that by providing such services, he ensured his opportunities for future employment on Capitol Hill. As the situation unfolds, the gravity of the allegations has raised significant concerns regarding the ethical conduct of officials in Congress, particularly in relation to the safety and wellbeing of young pages. The investigations both by the House ethics committee and the FBI aim to shed light on these serious claims and enforce accountability where necessary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820703_2_71_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820703.2.71.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,394459200
5113,09,07,1982,"Mixed Y.w.c.a. Events (Press, 9 July 1982)","The Y.W.C.A. has announced a winter holiday programme scheduled for September 6 to 10, 1982, that aims to explore alternative lifestyles through a variety of activities and discussions. Notable locations included in the programme are the Hare Krishna Temple, Burnham Military Camp, Sunnyside Hospital, and a local Synagogue. Participants will also visit the Camp David Christian Community, a police station watchhouse, and Quail Island. The initiative will feature films and discussions led by a clinical psychologist in collaboration with members of the city’s homosexual community, alongside talks with representatives from the Health Alternative for Women support groups. While the programme has received considerable interest, reactions have varied. David Buck, the organiser, noted a positive response and that all approached organisations agreed to participate. However, some criticism has been directed at the programme's content. Neville Rush from the Integrity Centre expressed concerns that the programme focuses on ""the questionable aspects"" of society rather than highlighting positive aspects or ""Christian virtues."" Similarly, Mrs J. Nihoniho, representing the Working Women's Council Inc., labelled the programme ""unbalanced"" due to its inclusion of T.H.A.W., which she described as pro-abortion, the homosexual community, and the Hare Krishna cult. She expressed surprise that the Y.W.C.A. would engage with these groups, arguing that presenting only one side of each issue promotes the ideas represented by these organisations. In response to the criticism, Buck defended the programme's intention, asserting that its goal is to foster tolerance and understanding among participants. The programme is aimed at high school pupils and will charge a fee of $30 to cover transportation costs, with an enrolment limit of 50 participants.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820709_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820709.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,394977600
7094,09,07,1982,"When ‘the Press’ Went ‘gay’ Once A Week (Press, 9 July 1982)","The article by Rosemary Britten recounts the nostalgic history of ""The Gay Gazette,"" a children's journal published by ""The Press"" in Christchurch New Zealand during the 1930s. The publication began on 6 July 1935, following the staff of the children's pages from ""The Sun"" newspaper, initially bearing the name ""Shipmates and Sunbeams"" before evolving into ""The Gay Gazette"" by October of that year. Alongside ""The Press Junior,"" which had started a year earlier, both supplements served the youth of Canterbury well, with each offering unique content tailored for different age groups. ""The Press Junior"" aimed at older children with serious journalism, summarising world news and featuring contributions from well-known writers and experts across various fields. Prominent figures like L. W. McCaskill and John Pascoe provided nature stories and mountaineering articles, while fiction from notable authors such as Monte Holcroft and Frances Cresswell entertained young readers. The initiative encouraged young talent by paying for contributions, giving many aspiring writers their first experience of seeing their work in print. In contrast, ""The Gay Gazette"" focused on lighter content including puzzles, colouring competitions, and reader submissions like verses and stories. Children earned points and badges for their contributions, and the supplement promoted social engagement through charitable initiatives, particularly the Christmas Mission, to aid less fortunate families. Lady Gay, or Esther Glen, was the dynamic editor behind ""The Gay Gazette."" Known for her contributions to children's literature and journalism, she championed the creativity and altruism of children, engaged them in civic activities like electing a ""Mayor,"" and fostered connections with penfriends worldwide. Glen's influence extended to social causes, including supporting the Cholmondeley Children's Home. However, the onset of World War II brought significant challenges, including paper shortages, which ultimately led to a reduction in the number of pages for both publications. Esther Glen passed away on 9 February 1940, leaving a profound impact on her readers. Following her death, ""The Gay Gazette"" was managed by other staff members but struggled to maintain its previous quality and engagement due to wartime restrictions. The last issue was published on 29 March 1941, marking the end of an era. Despite its closure, the legacy and appeal of both ""The Gay Gazette"" and ""The Press Junior"" endures, as evidenced by contemporary children finding joy in reading past volumes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820709_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820709.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,394977600
4075,13,07,1982,"‘Broadsheet’ Marks Decade Of Struggle And... (Press, 13 July 1982)","On 13 July 1982, New Zealand's feminist magazine ""Broadsheet"" celebrated its tenth anniversary amid a decade of struggle and survival. Launched in 1972 as the first feminist magazine in New Zealand, ""Broadsheet"" began as a simple cycled foolscap sheet, priced at 15 cents. Over the years, it transitioned into a more polished publication with improvements to layout and design, gaining a reputation for being a visually appealing magazine. The magazine's anniversary was marked by a special edition, which included reflections on its journey, challenges, and contributions from various women involved in its production. To further commemorate this milestone, the ""Broadsheet"" collective supported a nationwide tour of ""What did you do in the war, Mummy?""—a revue addressing critical social issues including religion, racism, and violence against women. Initially associated with the Auckland Women's Liberation group, ""Broadsheet"" quickly gained independence and developed its distinct voice. Throughout its history, it has consistently focused on issues pertinent to New Zealand women, tackling topics such as contraception, abortion, domestic violence, and sexism in various fields. The magazine has evolved in its scope over the years, covering contemporary issues like the Springbok tour and nuclear testing, reflecting a broader array of political and social concerns. ""Broadsheet"" faced various challenges during its existence, including financial struggles typical of non-profit organisations and internal philosophical debates. The magazine has aimed to cater to both committed feminists and newcomers to the movement, sometimes leading to tension and accusations of being too conservative. Notably, a significant rift occurred in 1978 when four lesbian members left the collective over disagreements about editorial direction, highlighting underlying tensions within feminist discourse regarding representation and ideological differences. Despite these challenges, the magazine's founder, Sandra Coney, who remains engaged with the collective, expressed pride in ""Broadsheet's"" endurance. She acknowledged that while old feminist issues persist, new ones will always arise, ensuring that the magazine remains relevant in ongoing discussions about women's rights. Coney noted that the publication serves as a crucial platform for radical feminist perspectives, fulfilling an essential role in documenting and legitimising the feminist movement in New Zealand. Reflecting on its legacy, Coney emphasised that ""Broadsheet"" has not only survived but thrived in an environment where maintaining a feminist voice is increasingly vital. The magazine's ability to document the evolution of feminism over the past decade stands as a testament to its significance and resilience in the face of societal challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820713_2_70_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820713.2.70.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,395323200
7603,14,07,1982,"New Mood On Gun Laws Surfaces In The U.s. (Press, 14 July 1982)","On 14 July 1982, San Francisco Mayor Dianne Feinstein enacted a significant law banning the sale and possession of handguns, marking the first instance of such legislation in a large American city. This decision followed a wave of gun violence, including the assassination of Feinstein's predecessor, Mayor George Moscone, and fellow Supervisor Harvey Milk by a former police officer. The new ordinance, which is expected to face legal challenges, will allow residents 90 days to surrender their handguns to the police, deposit them at a shooting range, or sell them outside the city. Exemptions are provided for police, military, security personnel, and store owners. The law is set to take effect at the end of July 1982 and violations will be classified as misdemeanours, punishable by up to 30 days in jail or a fine of $500. Critics argue the law is unenforceable since gun owners are unlikely to willingly relinquish their weapons, asserting that only state authorities hold the power to legislate on such matters. Compounding the issue is the lack of registration requirements for handguns in California, making it difficult to assess the number of firearms in circulation; a 1968 police study estimated 700,000 handguns in the city. Despite this, 371,160 handguns were legally sold in California in 1981, with nearly 7,000 transactions occurring in San Francisco alone. Feinstein’s personal history with firearms is notable, as she purchased a handgun in 1976 after her home was bombed and expresses her intention to comply with the new law by surrendering her weapon. The chief of police supports the mayor's initiative but acknowledges the practical challenges of enforcement, stating that police will only act on visible infractions rather than proactively seeking out violators. The Board of Supervisors approved the measure with a 6-4 vote. Public sentiment across the United States generally leans towards stricter controls on handguns, although many lawmakers continue to face pressure from the gun lobby, particularly the National Rifle Association. In an interesting contrast, while San Francisco pushes for a ban, other areas have enacted laws mandating handgun ownership. These conflicting approaches highlight the broader national debate on gun control and the difficulties of enforcing local laws against a backdrop of state and national regulations. The reactions to Feinstein’s proposed ban have sparked significant backlash from gun rights advocates, who remain staunchly opposed to such measures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820714_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820714.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,395409600
6666,15,07,1982,"Making It Happen Everything You Need To Know About... (Press, 15 July 1982)","On 15 July 1982, a report highlighted the initiative taken by Catalyst Incorporated, a Christchurch-based organisation focused on women in management, in response to concerns from the Society for Research on Women (S.R.O.W.) regarding women's limited understanding of financial matters. Catalyst launched two seminars titled ""Money Making Skills,"" scheduled for 31 July and 7 August, aimed at enhancing women's financial literacy and investment skills. Carol Lightfoot, the president of Catalyst, noted that the S.R.O.W. report revealed a lack of financial control and understanding among women, which also affected their career advancement in business. The first seminar session will focus on profit and will include speakers such as Alma McMillan, Lesley Clouston, and Richard Ballantyne. The second session will discuss investment strategies, featuring Bernard Rue and stockbrokers Richard Egden and John Lee. Both seminars will run from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and will conclude with a dinner at the Clarendon Hotel, where Ruth Richardson, an M.P., will speak. Attendance for both sessions costs $35, including lunch, while individual sessions are $20 each. Enquiries can be made via phone or written requests for enrolment forms. In another note, Betty Roberts from the Cracroft Community Centre encouraged women to combat mid-winter blues by attending various sessions, including topics on budgeting for family health and vegetarian cookery, sewing, and a discussion on sex role stereotyping in children. The sessions are affordably priced at $1 each, with a creche available if needed. Furthermore, a report by the Equal Opportunities Commission in Britain indicated that advertisements depicting women as independent and outgoing have a higher likelihood of success compared to traditional portrayals. In a different context, Women Against Violence Against Women expressed their support for legal action against the band Adam and the Ants, due to the explicit and disturbing imagery of women featured in their concert programme, which was deemed inappropriate for children. A Women's Health Conference is set to take place in Auckland from 17 to 19 September, welcoming all women. The first day will be focused on professionals in the health field, covering critical topics including women's health care involvement, mental health, and violence against women. The subsequent days will cater to a broader audience, addressing issues ranging from feminist therapy and lesbian health care to nutrition and alternative health options. The conference registration fee is $15, with full details available through the Young Women’s Christian Association. Finally, it was clarified that the Department of Education's expenditure over three years, following recommendations from the now-abolished National Advisory Committee on Women and Education, amounted to $450,000, significantly more than the reported $50,000, emphasising the impact of their work. A quote from Kate McCalman of the Zimbabwe Women’s Bureau succinctly stated that without money-making skills, women's emancipation remains merely a legal formality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820715_2_78_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820715.2.78.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,395496000
5114,21,07,1982,"Queen’s Bodyguard Was The ‘total... (Press, 21 July 1982)","Michael Trestrail, the Queen's personal bodyguard for nearly a decade, resigned on 21 July 1982 following the revelation of a long-standing homosexual affair with a male prostitute. The affair came to light when a man approached the mass-circulation newspaper ""The Sun"" offering to sell an exclusive story about Trestrail. The publication subsequently alerted the police, leading to Trestrail's confrontation with his superiors, where he confessed and stepped down. The situation has become an embarrassment for the British government, particularly as Trestrail had undergone rigorous background checks intended to identify any security risks associated with his position. The established belief in Britain is that homosexuals in sensitive roles are more susceptible to blackmail and potential threats to national security. Despite this, Trestrail had passed his “positive vetting” security check and had been a trusted companion to the Queen, accompanying her on engagements in Britain and globally, and enjoying a close relationship with the Royal Family. At 50 years old, Trestrail was known for his professionalism and his thoughtful service to the Queen. Among other responsibilities, he was head of a section of the Metropolitan Police providing security to the Royal Family, established in response to previous security concerns. His duties reportedly included anticipating the Queen’s needs during public engagements, such as providing an umbrella during rain or carrying flowers on her behalf. Concerns regarding security at Buckingham Palace intensified following a recent incident where an intruder, Michael Fagan, entered the Queen's bedroom. Although initially it was believed Trestrail might escape accountability for this breach, the subsequent revelations about his private life contributed to his decision to resign, which caused surprise and sadness within the Royal Household. Trestrail was well-liked and respected, known personally to many in the Royal Household as ""Michael."" He was a discreet individual, often seen as a standard-bearer of the values of the Royal Family, dedicating himself entirely to his role without deviating into personal hobbies or interests. His commitment to his duty had seen him rise through the ranks of Royal protection, beginning his service as an inspector and potentially becoming the Queen's bodyguard in 1973. Following Trestrail's resignation, Superintendent Christopher Hagan was named as his successor. At the time of the announcement, the Royal Household expressed their shock and sadness over Trestrail's departure and acknowledged his significant contribution to the security of the Queen and the Royal Family. Trestrail's professionalism and the loyalty he displayed throughout his career were highlighted by colleagues who were saddened to see him go.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820721_2_57_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820721.2.57.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396014400
5115,21,07,1982,"Ruinous Disclosings And Targets For Blackmail (Press, 21 July 1982)","The issue of homosexuality and its ramifications has significantly impacted the careers of several men in sensitive positions over the past 25 years. The risk of blackmail that often accompanies this revelation has resulted in notable downfalls. A prominent case is that of lan Harvey, a former Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs, who resigned in 1958 after admitting guilt to an act of indecency involving a young Guardsman. Harvey later confessed to having associations with male prostitutes for 13 years prior to his resignation. Another significant figure was John Vassall, an Admiralty clerk who received an 18-year sentence for espionage in 1962. Vassall maintained that his homosexuality was exploited by Russian agents, leading to his involvement in espionage. He claimed that the Russians had blackmailed him after framing him at a homosexual party while he was working in the intelligence branch of the British Embassy in Moscow. Furthermore, Tom Driberg, a member of Parliament, also highlighted how his open homosexuality adversely affected his political career, claiming it was the reason he was never appointed to a Cabinet position. Despite his claims that his identity did not hinder his public functions, he acknowledged that his behaviour became increasingly promiscuous following his election. Homosexuality has been a recurring theme in several post-war espionage incidents, with notable figures such as Anthony Blunt, the former Keeper of the Queen's pictures, along with Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean, being identified as homosexuals and implicated in espionage activities. The intertwining of sexuality and politics, particularly regarding issues of security and personal vulnerability, has continued to shape discussions surrounding both individual lives and broader political implications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820721_2_57_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820721.2.57.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396014400
5116,22,07,1982,"30 Entries For Film Festival (Press, 22 July 1982)","The Sixth Christchurch International Film Festival is set to commence on 31 July 1982 at the Carlton, featuring 30 films from various countries over a two-week span. Organised by Amalgamated Theatres and the Canterbury Film Society, the festival showcases an eclectic mix of cinema, including significant entries from America. The festival's film screenings for the first week are as follows: ""The War at Home"" (U.S., 30 July, 11 a.m. and 5.15 p.m.): A documentary chronicling the anti-war protests in America during the 1960s, detailing the evolution of the movement against the Vietnam War. ""Montenegro"" (Yugoslavia-Sweden, 30 July, 2 and 8 p.m.): This film follows an American woman living in Sweden who finds freedom through the chaotic lives of uninhibited workers, leading her into extreme experiences, including murder. ""Exhibition"" (France, 30 July and 6 August, 10.45 p.m.; 12 August, 8 p.m.): An exploration of the life of pornographic actress Claudine Beccarie, providing insights into her personal and professional life. ""I Sent a Letter to My Love"" (France, 31 July, 2 p.m.): A poignant story about a brother and sister living together for decades, showcasing the sacrifices made for family. ""Atlantic City"" (France-Canada, 31 July, 5.15 and 8 p.m.): Directed by Louis Malle, this film features Burt Lancaster in a powerful role as an ageing gangster. ""The Lucky Star"" (Canada-France, 1 August, 2 p.m.): Set in Amsterdam during WWII, it follows a young Jewish boy who escapes the Nazis while the rest of his family is taken away. ""Heatwave"" (Australia, 1 August, 8 p.m.): A tale of two idealistic youths drawn into a corrupt corporate environment. ""The Trials of Alger Hiss"" (U.S., 2 August, 11 a.m.): This film delves into the Cold War era case that brought Richard Nixon to prominence, highlighting its controversial implications. ""Houseman Directs Lear"" and ""History of a Campaign That Failed"" (U.S., 2 August, 5.15 p.m.): The first focuses on director John Houseman's processes in staging ""King Lear,"" while the second chronicles a group's disillusionment in the Civil War. ""Heartland"" (U.S., 2 August, 8 p.m.): An independent film that tells the story of a farming couple in early 20th-century Wyoming. ""Mama Turns 100"" (Spain, 3 August, 11 a.m. and 8 p.m.): This comedy reveals family dynamics on the eve of the matriarch's milestone birthday. ""Love Between the Raindrops"" (Czechoslovakia, 3 August, 5.15 p.m.): A touching tale about a shoemaker and his three children set in pre-WWII Prague. ""Man of Iron"" (Poland, 4 August, 11 a.m. and 8 p.m.): A film reflecting on contemporary Polish society amidst the intersection of communism and Catholicism. ""Two Lions in the Sun"" (France, 4 August, 5.15 p.m.): A journey of two men exploring their homosexual relationship after previous marriages. ""Memoirs of a Survivor"" (England, 5 August, 11 a.m.): Set in a dystopian future, this film portrays society's crumbling state and people seeking safety amid chaos. ""Sisters"" (Germany, 5 August, 5.15 p.m.): A character-driven narrative showcasing the complexity of sisterhood. ""Health"" (U.S., 5 August, 8 p.m.): A satirical look at the workings of a health food convention in Florida, critiquing American culture and politics. This festival promises an exciting array of cinematic experiences for audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820722_2_97_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820722.2.97.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396100800
5117,22,07,1982,"Move To Soften U.S. Law On Sex Deviates (Press, 22 July 1982)","On 22 July 1982, it was reported that homosexuals worldwide are advocating for the United States Congress to amend a law that prohibits ""sexual deviates"" from entering the country unless specific waivers are issued. Sylvia Borneo, a lesbian holding both New Zealand and Dutch citizenship, disclosed during a congressional briefing that her entry into the U.S. is restricted to the Northern California court district. This is due to an injunction by a judge that prevents the Immigration and Naturalisation Service (INS) from denying entry to homosexuals. Borneo explained that her situation could have been different had she registered as a lesbian under a ruling by a former U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands, allowing for a specific coding on her Dutch visa. She has previously visited the United States four times on her New Zealand passport but had to deny her sexual orientation on the visa applications to gain entry. Now residing in the Netherlands, Borneo spent her youth in New Zealand from ages 12 to 25. She was among over 100 homosexuals from around 20 countries gathering in Washington to address a variety of topics including political strategies, education, transsexuality, and issues affecting the gay community. Many participants of the international gay association conference admitted to lying about their sexuality to obtain visas, while some were granted waivers for entry. The legislative background is rooted in the Immigration and Nationality Act, which was amended in 1952 to exclude individuals considered “afflicted with psychopathic personality,” epilepsy, or other mental defects. In 1962, an appeal court ruled the term “psychopathic personality” to be overly vague regarding homosexuals, leading to further amendments in 1965 that introduced the term ""sexual deviation."" Despite these changes, a Supreme Court ruling in 1967 upheld the ""psychopathic personality"" clause as valid grounds for the deportation of homosexual foreigners. In 1980, the INS announced it would only exclude homosexual aliens who openly declared their sexual orientation without solicitation. Responding to ongoing advocacy, a Democrat congressman from California introduced an amendment in the House of Representatives aimed at repealing the exclusionary language regarding homosexuals. This proposed bill has garnered the support of 29 co-sponsors, signalling a potential shift in policy regarding the entry of homosexual individuals into the United States.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820722_2_122_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820722.2.122.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396100800
5118,23,07,1982,"Royal Security Gets Big Shake-up (Press, 23 July 1982)","On 22 July 1982, the British Government announced significant changes to Royal security following a shocking incident where a man, Michael Fagan, gained access to the Queen's bedroom. A police investigation revealed that while there were technical failures, the primary issue was the police's inadequate and slow response to the situation. Fagan, aged 31, had spent approximately ten minutes in the Queen's presence, where he expressed his personal troubles and admiration for her, before being intercepted by a Royal chambermaid and a footman. The Home Secretary, William Whitelaw, addressed these security shortcomings in Parliament, outlining the steps that would be taken to improve protection for the Royal Family. This included the establishment of a new department at the Palace dedicated to all facets of Royal security, alongside a team of Palace, Government, and police officials who would frequently assess security protocols. In a related security scandal, Whitelaw also announced an inquiry into the Queen's former bodyguard Michael Trestrail, who had resigned from the police after admitting to an affair with a male prostitute. While there was no current evidence linking Fagan's intrusion to Trestrail's activities, Whitelaw indicated that the situation raised serious concerns about potential risks of blackmail resulting from Trestrail's confession. The police report noted that Fagan had entered the Queen's bedroom with a shard of glass, claiming he intended to harm himself in her presence. This caused alarm, leading the Queen to call for help. Initially gaining the attention of a maid, they managed to guide Fagan into a pantry under the pretense of offering a cigarette, while a footman assisted in keeping him calm until the police arrived. The report confirmed that a bloodstain from a minor injury on Fagan’s thumb was found on the Queen's bed, demonstrating the seriousness of the situation. Following the incident, a continuous police presence was instituted, with five inspectors assigned to the Palace to ensure someone would always be on duty. Ultimately, the authorities decided not to charge Fagan for the trespass but would prosecute him for previous offences, including an earlier unlawful entry into the Palace where he allegedly stole wine. This incident highlighted glaring weaknesses in the Royal security framework, prompting urgent reform to ensure the safety of the Royal Family.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820723_2_52_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820723.2.52.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396187200
5119,26,07,1982,"How The E.r.a. Was Defeated (Press, 26 July 1982)","In Washington on 26 July 1982, three women in wheelchairs were welcomed at the national airport after a 37-day fast supporting the Equal Rights Amendment (E.R.A.), aimed at guaranteeing women’s equality under the law. The E.R.A. was proposed nearly 60 years before and passed by Congress in 1972, declaring that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.” Despite initial momentum, with 22 states endorsing it within months, support stalled, and the process faced setbacks as some states attempted to withdraw their backing. Although polls indicated a two-to-one support among Americans, the amendment required ratification from 38 states and only reached 35 by 1977. The Illinois state house saw the defeat of the E.R.A., which effectively marked the end of this phase of the women's rights struggle. The National Organisation for Women (N.O.W.) admitted defeat but vowed to re-table the amendment in Congress and focus on electing more sympathetic women in state legislatures. Hunger strikers articulated a stark reality about representation, asserting that men would never represent women fairly. Cathy Wilson from the National Women’s Political Caucus emphasised that changing political faces was necessary, as public support appeared insufficient against entrenched political opposition. Women, who constitute half the electorate, present a significant voting bloc, and emerging patterns showed a gender gap in voting behaviour. Opposition to the E.R.A. was led by figures like Phyllis Schlafly, who argued that the amendment threatened traditional family roles and values. Many women opposed the amendment out of fear it would diminish their domestic roles and security. This apprehension was leveraged by opponents who painted the E.R.A. in a negative light, associating it with unisex bathrooms and compulsory military service for women. While women's activists lamented the loss, they remained hopeful about future successes, such as the appointment of Sandra Day O’Connor as the first female Supreme Court Justice by President Reagan. Even in absence of the E.R.A., women in America, particularly urban women, enjoyed more rights and freedoms than many around the world. The struggle for equality faced not only political challenges but also shifting societal attitudes, as many traditional values and conceptions of gender roles were questioned during this tumultuous period. The ongoing battle for women's rights highlighted the complexities of addressing both the legal framework and deeply ingrained societal beliefs about gender equality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820726_2_77_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820726.2.77.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396446400
5120,27,07,1982,"Royal Scandal In New Row (Press, 27 July 1982)","On 27 July 1982, significant revelations emerged regarding security lapses involving the Queen’s personal bodyguard, Michael Trestrail. Trestrail had served as the Queen's bodyguard for nine years before resigning following the public disclosure of a homosexual affair with male prostitute Michael Rauch. In a statement presented through his lawyer, Trestrail disclosed that he had not undergone the necessary security clearance—known as positive vetting—until about three to four months before his resignation. This statement came in response to assertions made by the Home Secretary, William Whitelaw, in the House of Commons, who claimed that Trestrail had been granted security clearance without specifying the details. Conservative MP Jill Knight expressed her concerns about the implications of these revelations, stating that the situation was “quite extraordinary” and underscored the paramount importance of protecting the Queen. She indicated plans to confront Whitelaw with questions about the recent events that had shaken confidence in palace security. Trestrail, aged 51 at the time, clarified that under previous policies, security clearance was mainly reserved for those with access to secret documents, and he had not held such access. His recent vetting came only after changes to this policy. In his statement, Trestrail expressed sorrow for the embarrassment caused to the Queen, her family, and the police force, while his lawyer, Sir David Napley, attempted to downplay the nature of Trestrail's relationship with Rauch, describing it as casual and having ended years earlier. Allegations emerged that Trestrail had misled authorities during the vetting process, having reportedly denied any homosexual background. However, it was suggested that the Palace, along with senior police and security services, was aware of Trestrail's sexual orientation, yet allowed the situation to persist without intervention. The “News of the World” newspaper reported that the Queen was understandably upset by the public exposure of Trestrail's affair and had preferred a more discreet exit for him from his role. Further, the paper alleged the existence of a “homosexual mafia” within the Palace, suggesting an informal network supporting Trestrail. The scandal welcomed harsh scrutiny on the failings of security protocols protecting the monarchy, raising serious questions about the procedures in place to ensure the safety of the royal family amidst growing public and political tension over the matter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820727_2_62_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820727.2.62.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396532800
5121,29,07,1982,"M.P.s To Quiz Report Of Blackmail Bid (Press, 29 July 1982)","On 29 July 1982, it was reported that Commander Michael Trestrail, the former bodyguard to the Queen, resigned earlier this month following revelations of a long-term affair with a homosexual prostitute. The resignation has led to forthcoming questioning in Parliament directed at Home Secretary Mr William Whitelaw regarding Trestrail’s possible exposure to blackmail. According to a report by the ""Sun"" newspaper, Trestrail had kept a blackmail attempt secret for three years, involving a note demanding money with the threat of exposing his homosexuality if he did not comply. The report claimed that upon receiving the note, Trestrail threatened to report the blackmailer to Scotland Yard, which seemingly caused the blackmail attempt to cease without further action. The incident came to light when Trestrail was confronted by Assistant Commissioner of Crime, Mr Gilbert Kellard, 12 days prior to the parliamentary inquiries. Attorney General Sir Michael Havers commented on the situation, highlighting the distinction between stable relationships that are open and well-known, and hidden associations that could lead to blackmail risk. He expressed concern about the implications of being involved with someone who may have connections to the criminal underworld, characterising it as a situation that could leave individuals vulnerable to exploitation. In the wake of Trestrail's resignation, Superintendent Christopher Hagon has been appointed as the new police officer responsible for the Queen's protection, with reports indicating he has already been seen performing duties at Buckingham Palace. The developments surrounding Trestrail's affair and the subsequent fallout raise significant questions regarding personal conduct within public service and the potential for private matters to intersect with official responsibilities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820729_2_61_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820729.2.61.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396705600
7095,29,07,1982,"Risk Of Blackmail (Press, 29 July 1982)","In a letter published on 29 July 1982, D.B. Walker responds to a previous statement made in ""The Press"" regarding the purported risks of blackmail associated with homosexuality. Walker challenges the assertion that a tendency towards homosexuality inherently increases the risk of blackmail. He argues that such a risk is not a consequence of homosexuality itself, but rather a result of societal intolerance, which forces many individuals who identify as gay to maintain secrecy about their sexual orientation. This secrecy creates an environment where blackmail becomes a possibility, as individuals fear the potential repercussions of their sexual identity being disclosed. Walker contends that in a society that is indifferent to homosexuality, there would be no need for secrecy, and consequently, the likelihood of blackmail would significantly diminish. He emphasises that the perceived risks stem from societal attitudes rather than the orientation itself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820729_2_80_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820729.2.80.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396705600
5122,30,07,1982,"Another Guard Quits (Press, 30 July 1982)","On 30 July 1982, the ""Sun"" newspaper reported the resignation of a second senior British police officer following the revelation of a homosexual affair. Inspector Robert Berry, aged 39 and part of the elite Diplomatic Protection Group responsible for guarding VIPs and diplomats, resigned after his gay relationship was disclosed to Scotland Yard. This incident occurred less than two weeks after another scandal involving Commander Michael Trestrail, a bodyguard for the Queen. The affair involving Inspector Berry came to light after immigration officials discovered love letters between him and his partner during a search at London's Heathrow Airport. This information was subsequently relayed to Scotland Yard, prompting a swift response. The ""Sun"" cited a spokesperson from Scotland Yard, confirming that Inspector Berry had offered his resignation, which was accepted. With 20 years of police service to his name, Inspector Berry's resignation highlights the challenges faced by individuals in law enforcement regarding personal disclosures and societal attitudes at the time, particularly in the context of the police's vetting process for its officers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820730_2_53_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820730.2.53.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396792000
6667,31,07,1982,"Five First Volumes From New Poets (Press, 31 July 1982)","In a review published on 31 July 1982, Peter Simpson discusses a collection of recent poetry publications from New Zealand, highlighting a growing interest in poetry within the country. There has been a notable revival of poetry readings, drawing enthusiastic audiences in various cities, including Christchurch. The surge in publications is unprecedented, with established poets like Allen Curnow and Alistair Campbell releasing new works, alongside several promising debut collections from lesser-known writers. Margaret Bingham’s “Wavelengths of the Sea” features poems inspired by dolphins and whales, conveying the author’s deep admiration for these creatures. The work is characterised by straightforwardness, likely appealing more to marine life enthusiasts than to poetry aficionados. Erick Brenstrum’s “Thalassa” showcases his maturity as a poet early in his career, presenting a unique idiom and distinct style. His poems, including the lyric ""Late April,"" demonstrate precise natural observations, strong rhythm, and impactful diction. Brenstrum’s work reflects his wide reading and engagement with both local and international themes, coming across as an accomplished writer with affinity for New Zealand’s geographical nuances. “Orange’s Skins Are Free” is a collaborative project by Pascall Burton, photographer Warwick Smith, printer Alan Loney, and publisher Brick Row. While the book features high-quality printing and attractive layout, the poems do not match the formal coherence of the photographs. The synergy between text and image varies but is most effective when the relationship is direct and literal, enhancing the overall discipline of the poetry. Heather McPherson brings a powerful feminist voice in her work, having redefined her poetic identity to align with her feminist beliefs. Her collection includes significant sequences that explore themes of womanhood and spirituality, striving to articulate female empowerment in ways that challenge conventional portrayals. Her strong, vivid language presents a radical perspective that invites a broader audience beyond feminist circles. Finally, Harvey McQueen’s “Against the Maelstrom” marks his transition to poetry in his forties after years of conventional pursuits. The poems reveal a personal side of the poet, including engaging observations and emotional depth, though some fail to rise beyond this personal realm. McQueen’s work is characterised by sporadic clarity, with moments where he successfully transcends self-awareness, producing clear and resonant poetry. Overall, the review emphasizes the vibrant and diverse landscape of New Zealand poetry emerging in 1982, with a mix of established and emerging voices shaping the current literary scene.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820731_2_96_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820731.2.96.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,396878400
5123,04,08,1982,"U.S. Prepares For Orgy Of Executions (Press, 4 August 1982)","Frank Coppola, a former policeman who killed a woman during a robbery in 1978, is scheduled for execution by electric chair on 10 August 1982 in Richmond, Virginia. This marks the fifth execution in the United States since the moratorium on capital punishment that began in 1967. Coppola has chosen to forgo his legal representation, a decision that reflects his desire to avoid lengthy confinement on Death Row, where inmates are often limited to minimal exercise and interaction outside their cells. Friends suggest that he wishes to protect his children from public scrutiny arising from his ongoing incarceration. While Coppola appears resolved to accept his fate quietly, death penalty abolitionists are mobilising efforts to halt his execution. Their concerns extend beyond Coppola, as they fear the impact that his execution may have on the remaining 1,060 inmates on Death Row. They caution that a trend of rising executions may soon emerge, drawing comparisons to the frequency of executions during the Great Depression, as indicated by a senior official in the Department of Justice, who suggested that executions could soon occur at a rate nearing three per week. This anticipated surge in capital punishment occurs against a backdrop of increasing public fear over crime, which has risen to become a predominant concern among voters. Despite stabilising crime rates in the US, many communities remain overwhelmed by high levels of violence, including an alarming murder rate of approximately 25,000 annually. President Ronald Reagan has positioned himself firmly in favour of stricter crime policies, advocating for increased funding to build new prisons, as many existing facilities are plagued by poor conditions and violence. Despite the high murder rate, only around 1,000 individuals are currently on death row due to a protracted legal battle against the death penalty, initiated after the Supreme Court reviewed death penalty statutes in 1972 and deemed many existing laws to be unconstitutional. Although numerous states have since revised their laws to comply with the ruling, the complex legal environment allows for delays in execution that can span a decade. Furthermore, critics highlighted disparities in death penalty sentencing; statistics indicate that individuals convicted of murdering white victims are more likely to receive death sentences compared to those who have murdered black victims. Abolitionists argue that these inconsistencies undermine the legitimacy of the death penalty as a just form of punishment. As public opinion remains divided on the effectiveness of capital punishment, the upcoming execution of Coppola will likely reignite debates on these critical issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820804_2_109_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820804.2.109.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,397224000
5124,05,08,1982,"Conan Is Coming (Press, 5 August 1982)","A new cinematic sensation is sweeping across America with the release of ""Conan the Barbarian,"" featuring the titular hero Conan and his nemesis Thulsa Doom. Created by writer Robert Ervin Howard in the 1930s, Conan has emerged as a formidable figure in the ""Sword and Sorcery"" genre, surpassing popular characters like Luke Skywalker and Darth Vader. The film, which cost $20 million to produce, has shattered records with the largest mass release of 1,500 copies, grossing over $19 million in its first week alone. Conan, described as a muscular barbarian embodying a blend of Viking and Hun traits, showcases a relentless fighting spirit as he battles overwhelming odds. The character is portrayed by Arnold Schwarzenegger, a six-time Mr Universe winner, who brings to life Howard's vision of a powerful warrior. Thulsa Doom, played by James Earl Jones, serves as the movie's villain, continuing the legacy of Howard's creative storytelling. The story follows Conan as he seeks vengeance for the murder of his parents by Thulsa Doom, navigating a dark world filled with monsters and perilous foes. Despite the thrilling action and adventure, the character's creator, Robert Howard, had a troubled personal life. Living with his mother until her death, Howard struggled with relationships, and his literary work may reflect his unrealised sexual adventures. His tragic end came in 1936 when he took his own life. ""Conan the Barbarian"" has garnered a growing cult following, drawing fans who attend screenings in costume, embracing the film's fantasy elements. However, concerns arise regarding potential censorship in New Zealand, where the film's graphic violence and mature themes may not align with the country's regulations. The anticipation surrounding the film's acceptance raises questions about whether Conan can conquer the scrutiny of New Zealand's censor. As it stands, the film is positioned to leave a significant mark, potentially rivaling iconic franchises like ""Star Trek"" and ""The Rocky Horror Picture Show.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820805_2_80_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820805.2.80.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,397310400
5125,06,08,1982,"Queen ‘in Shock’ (Press, 6 August 1982)","The Queen of the United Kingdom has reportedly been advised by her doctors to reduce her public appearances and to take time for rest, as indicated by gossip columnist William Hickey from the ""Daily Express."" This guidance comes in light of a turbulent period in her life, which has seen her feeling almost in a state of shock, a rare admission during her 30-year reign. Despite the emotional strain, the Queen attended the christening of her grandson, Prince William, before departing for her summer holidays at Balmoral Castle in Scotland with Prince Philip. Several personal difficulties have contributed to the Queen's weakened state. These include a recent break-in at Buckingham Palace, the revelation of her bodyguard, Michael Trestrail, being homosexual, and the painful extraction of a wisdom tooth. Additionally, the recent passing of Lord Nevill, a long-time friend and esteemed courtier, has deeply affected her; the Queen was reportedly moved to tears upon learning of his death. Concerns for her son, Prince Andrew, who continues to serve in the Falklands War as a helicopter co-pilot, have also added to her anxiety during this challenging time. The cumulative effect of these events has been noted as significant in the Queen's current state of well-being.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820806_2_38_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820806.2.38.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,397396800
5126,09,08,1982,"Queen Takes Holiday (Press, 9 August 1982)","On 9 August 1982, the Queen of the United Kingdom retreated to Balmoral for her annual summer holiday, after a challenging few months marked by significant events during her reign. The Palace spokesperson noted that the Queen had been distressed by recent occurrences and eagerly anticipated her eight-week getaway. Balmoral, a granite castle located 844 kilometres north of London, provided her with a much-needed respite. Among the troubling incidents that contributed to the Queen's strain was the involvement of her second son, Prince Andrew, in the Falklands Islands conflict, where he served as a helicopter co-pilot. Additionally, on July 9, a major breach of Royal security occurred when Michael Fagan, who was 30 years old at the time, managed to scale the Buckingham Palace fence and enter the Queen's bedroom. Their conversation lasted about ten minutes, during which blood dripped from Fagan's cut hand onto her bedclothes before servants arrived to escort him away. Shortly thereafter, the Queen's personal bodyguard, Michael Trestrail, resigned amid controversy after revealing a past homosexual relationship with a male prostitute. While Buckingham Palace did not confirm whether the Queen was aware of Trestrail's sexual orientation, it was widely believed that she had not known, making his departure a personal blow to her. Despite the turmoil, the summer also brought joyous news with the birth of Prince Charles and Princess Diana's first child, Prince William, on June 21, an event celebrated across the nation. During the public furor following the security breach and Trestrail's resignation, the Queen maintained her engagements, showing minimal signs of stress. However, she did cancel a planned visit to the Royal International Horse Show on 21 July, citing recovery from a wisdom tooth extraction. As the Queen began her holiday, she was accompanied by her only daughter, Princess Anne, and two of her grandchildren, Peter and Zara Phillips. Meanwhile, Princess Anne's husband, Captain Mark Phillips, reportedly remained at their Gloucestershire farm to attend to work commitments, amid speculation that their nine-year marriage might be facing difficulties.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820809_2_46_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820809.2.46.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,397656000
5127,12,08,1982,"Bodyguard’s Resignation Renews ‘gay’ Row (Press, 12 August 1982)","The resignation of Michael Trestrail, a former police commander and Queen Elizabeth's bodyguard, due to a scandal involving a homosexual affair has reignited debates in Britain regarding the role of homosexuals in prominent positions. Trestrail's resignation followed revelations that a former partner attempted to sell his story to the tabloid ""The Sun."" This situation raised concerns about potential blackmail that could threaten the safety of the Queen and national security. Prominent figures in British politics weighed in on the controversy. Leo Abse, a key proponent of the 1967 legislation that decriminalised homosexual acts between consenting adults, condemned the media's treatment of Trestrail, likening it to a modern form of public shaming. Sir David Napley, Trestrail’s solicitor, urged the press to exercise more fairness and cease their scrutiny of his client. In contrast, some newspapers expressed apprehension regarding Trestrail's suitability as a bodyguard, suggesting that emotional instability in homosexual relationships could pose risks. The right-leaning ""Daily Express"" argued that homosexuals could still be loyal officers but warned about the emotional vulnerability associated with perceived infidelity, thus neglecting the larger issue of societal prejudice against homosexuals in security roles. The case has instilled fear among homosexuals in public services, with advocates suggesting it highlights the ongoing discrimination and challenges faced by gay individuals. Andrew Lumsden from ""Gay News"" noted the case could deter many from being open about their sexuality. John Ward from the Civil Servants' Association expressed concerns that heightened scrutiny could lead to a witch-hunt that would force homosexuals to conceal their identities, potentially leading to greater vulnerability to blackmail. Historically, concerns about homosexuals being security risks stem from Cold War incidents involving spies like Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean. However, only one notable case—John Vassal—was definitively linked to blackmail due to homosexuality. Although a recent government report indicated that there should be no blanket exclusion of homosexuals from sensitive civil service positions, actual practice may not reflect this, as many gay civil servants confront inconsistent guidelines and fear repercussions for disclosing their sexuality. Legal reforms have been slow, with male homosexuality remaining illegal in Northern Ireland until recently, while military service remains closed to homosexuals. Efforts to reform legal frameworks around inheritance and housing rights for gay individuals have stagnated, with some decisions reinforcing the potential for workplace discrimination. Despite a gradual shift in public opinion—evidenced by an increase in acceptance of homosexuality over the years—significant barriers remain. The opposition Labour Party is advocating for legislation against sexual discrimination, symbolising the long road ahead for full acceptance and rights for the LGBTQ+ community in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820812_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820812.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,397915200
6912,12,08,1982,"Movies That Will Blow Your Nose (Press, 12 August 1982)","In Sydney, the concept of Smellovision has made a comeback at the Valhalla cinema in Glebe, after its initial unsuccessful launch in the 1950s by film producer Mike Todd for the movie Scent of Fear, which ultimately did not incorporate the smell feature. The first film to utilise this method earlier in 1982 was Garlic is as Good as Ten Mothers, directed by the unconventional filmmaker Les Blank. The cinema enhanced the screening by releasing the aroma of garlic throughout the theatre while staff served garlic fried in claret and oil. This event drew in garlic enthusiasts, who were treated to chocolate-covered garlic cloves and amusing garlic anecdotes during intermission. However, despite the sensory experience, the documentary did not attract sufficient audiences and was quickly withdrawn after only one week. Following this initial venture, the cinema presented its next film, Polyester, which is described as a more gimmicky offering. The film is produced by John Waters and features the transvestite performer Divine in a satirical take on family life, blending bizarre and dark comedy elements. The storyline includes outrageous scenarios such as a husband involved in child pornography, a daughter who is pregnant by a gangster, and a son declared criminally insane. To engage audiences further, viewers are provided with scratch-and-sniff cards that correspond to numbers displayed on the screen, allowing them to experience different scents during pivotal moments of the film, such as roses, petrol, and even various odorous euphemisms. Polyester is set for a six-week run, suggesting that the gimmicky approach of using smells has proven to be more popular than the previous garlic-themed offering, highlighting a contrast in audience engagement and entertainment preferences in the cinematic landscape of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820812_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820812.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,397915200
5128,14,08,1982,"Homosexual Overture To Jorgensen — Witness (Press, 14 August 1982)","On 14 August 1982, a preliminary hearing at the District Court focused on a case involving Ronald John Jorgensen, aged 49, who is accused of assaulting 66-year-old Charles William Richard Hands, a retired advertising executive from Kaikoura. The incident occurred on 26 May, and Jorgensen has pleaded not guilty. A witness, Wayne Thomas Smith, recounted events leading up to the alleged assault. Smith testified that he, Hands, and a friend, Silvo Reardon, were drinking at the Pier Hotel in Kaikoura on the night of the incident. After closing time, they took their drinks to Smith's father's home, where Jorgensen joined them at the invitation of Smith's father. The group enjoyed music and drinking together, but tensions arose after an argument between Jorgensen and Reardon erupted due to an old family feud. During the altercation, Hands intervened and began insulting Jorgensen, eventually calling him a “mother-f’ing parasite.” Following a physical confrontation, Jorgensen allegedly took hold of Hands by the lapels and, after some struggle, Hands fell and struck his head against various surfaces, ultimately collapsing to the floor. Smith reported hearing a significant noise later that night, prompting him to check on Hands, who was found on the floor, resulting in Smith discovering blood the following morning. Hands was subsequently taken to a doctor, where it was revealed he sustained severe injuries consistent with a beating. He did not recall the incident clearly due to the head trauma but stated he suffered lasting mental strain as a result. Dr Geoffrey Donald Gordon, who treated Hands, described his condition upon arrival at the clinic, noting significant injuries to his face and head, along with other minor abrasions. Although Hands’ injuries were not deemed life-threatening, Gordon confirmed that they could not have resulted from a fall alone. Further examination by pathologist Dr Leonard Lawrence Treadgold indicated that some of Hands' injuries were likely inflicted by fist strikes. Overall, evidence suggests the altercation escalated rapidly after Hands had made what appeared to be sexual advances towards Jorgensen earlier in the evening, which may have contributed to the conflict. The hearing will resume, and the case remains sensitive as various personal dynamics among the individuals involved are revealed. Jorgensen's representation indicated that his reactions to Hands' advances were not favourable, and the situation had been provoked by factors leading up to the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820814_2_37_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820814.2.37.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398088000
5129,14,08,1982,"P.s.a. Widens Its Welfare Scope (Press, 14 August 1982)","On 14 August 1982, during the Public Service Association's annual conference in Wellington, it was decided to extend the payment of Public Service Welfare Society benefits to partners in de facto, homosexual, lesbian, or any continuing individual dependency relationships. This change follows a lengthy debate on the topic, reflecting the association's commitment to the principles outlined in the Working Women's Charter, which advocates for the elimination of discrimination based on sexual orientation. A proposal that sought to limit benefits strictly to partners in legal marriages or recognised de facto relationships was defeated in a card vote. John Patterson, chairman of the Southland branch, expressed frustration over the lengthy discussions focused on social issues rather than on pressing financial matters. His comments highlighted a tension within the association regarding the prioritisation of topics at the conference and the need to focus on core union matters. Dr David Sheppard from Lower Hutt emphasised the importance of tolerance and the need for the association to combat prejudice. He recounted an incident involving a homosexual handyman who had suffered abuse from a supervisor but felt unable to report it due to a lack of support from the association and colleagues. Colin Feslier, the executive officer, argued that those opposing the amendment were fundamentally against the principles of trade unionism. Another delegate pointed out that the amended eligibility for benefits also extended to dependent relationships such as siblings and elderly relatives, allowing them to qualify for benefits like bereavement grants. In addition to the welfare benefits discussion, the conference called for initiatives to promote the establishment of child-care facilities and set a target to increase the representation of women in the association. Concrete steps were planned to ensure that by 1985, at least 50 per cent of the association's workforce would be women, and a third of the decision-making bodies would be female. This strategic move aimed to enhance participation and representation of women in the Public Service Association, following on from discussions on the Working Women’s Charter and its implications for the association’s future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820814_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820814.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398088000
5130,17,08,1982,"Lawyer May Try For Parole For Jorgensen (Press, 17 August 1982)","On 17 August 1982, Ronald John Jorgensen, currently facing charges of assault, may soon have his lawyer apply to the Parole Board for his release. Mr D. C. Fitzgibbon, Jorgensen’s legal representative, indicated that after observing the proceedings of a two-day preliminary hearing, he would consult with other legal counsel about pursuing parole. Jorgensen, who is serving a life sentence for the 1964 machine-gun murders of two men in Auckland, was recalled to prison after being released on parole for a second time in April 1982. He was arrested following an alleged assault on a 66-year-old man, Charles William Richard Hands, on 26 May 1982. Following the preliminary hearing, Jorgensen sought bail, which was declined by Judge Fogarty despite the fact that a favourable bail outcome would not negate the parole recall. The assault case was heard in isolation, as Jorgensen is entitled to the same treatment as any other defendant. The police opposed the bail application, but Judge Fogarty said Jorgensen could apply for bail again if circumstances change. Jorgensen's trial for the assault is scheduled for 27 August 1982. He has maintained a not guilty plea, asserting that he acted in self-defence after being slapped and spat on by Mr Hands. The evidence presented suggested some provocation, and while a witness testified that Jorgensen struck Hands with an open hand up to three times, questions remained regarding the medical evidence related to Hands' injuries. Detective Senior-Sergeant R. A. Meikle testified about arresting Jorgensen, who expressed confusion over the complaint against him, claiming he only gave Hands a light tap. However, during his arrest, Jorgensen mentioned having witnesses who could corroborate his account. Further witness testimony indicated that Hands had been verbally abusive toward Jorgensen before the incident escalated. The details surrounding the incident indicated potential complexities, as Jorgensen claimed that Hands' physical aggression towards him constituted grounds for self-defence. The discussion during the hearing delved into various conflicting accounts of the event, including the testimonies of medical professionals, which raised questions about the cause and extent of Hands' injuries. Ultimately, even after arguments for dismissal were made, the judge concluded that a prima facie case of assault existed, leading to Jorgensen’s commitment for a jury trial. Throughout this process, his legal team has emphasised the legitimacy of his right to self-defence based on the circumstances of the confrontation. Jorgensen, now 49 years old and described as an artist, continues to navigate the legal ramifications of his past and the recent assault charge. If convicted, he faces a maximum sentence of one year in prison.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820817_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820817.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398347200
5131,17,08,1982,"Whitehorn’s World Sex And The Single Policeman (Press, 17 August 1982)","The resignation of a Royal bodyguard due to a homosexual relationship raises concerns about the societal attitudes towards homosexuality and blackmail. The article draws a parallel to a previous incident involving an English journalist who was set up by the secret police in Eastern Europe. This journalist was blackmailed not for being homosexual, but for a different indiscretion. When he reported the matter to his newspaper, he was unfortunately sacked, which is indicative of the media's failure to support individuals at risk of blackmail. This situation has likely discouraged others, such as diplomats and salesmen, from revealing similar circumstances, perpetuating a cycle of secrecy. The author argues that societal insistence on hiding or rejecting homosexuality contributes directly to making individuals targets for blackmail. Public intolerance creates a situation where the risk associated with being caught in a homosexual act becomes a weapon for extortion. It is highlighted that if there were greater acceptance of homosexuality, attempted blackmail would be far less effective, illustrating that the foundation of the issue lies in societal norms. Examples are given to underline this point, such as male ballet dancers or Hollywood stars, where attempts at blackmail would be ineffective due to societal acceptance. The writer critiques the notion that achieving full societal tolerance is simple, comparing it to flipping a switch, and suggests that progress in these attitudes will take time. Moreover, the piece posits that a diverse set of experiences and backgrounds, including those of homosexuals, can be beneficial in various roles, particularly in areas requiring sharp insights and adaptability. It argues that individuals who have faced adversity, such as being marginalized, often possess valuable perspectives that can enhance their work. In terms of security, the article concludes that loyalty is paramount, and that homosexuals can be just as trustworthy as their heterosexual counterparts. A security system built on personal connections and loyalty, rather than prejudice, is essential. Anecdotes about the loyalty of homosexuals further illustrate this point; a police officer hinted that those of different sexual orientations could offer a different kind of loyalty, showcasing an unrecognized value within marginalized communities. The overall message advocates for greater acceptance and recognition of the contributions that diverse individuals can make within institutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820817_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820817.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398347200
5132,20,08,1982,"‘Brideshead’ Scene Cut (Press, 20 August 1982)","On 20 August 1982, it was reported that a scene from the upcoming episode of the popular British television series ""Brideshead Revisited"" had been cut. Peter Fabian, the head of programme standards at the Broadcasting Corporation, stated that the scene in question, which depicted a ""sexual encounter,"" did not align with commonly accepted standards of decency. While Fabian specified that the scene was not homosexual in nature, he did not provide further details about the content or context of the scene that led to its removal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820820_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820820.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398606400
5133,20,08,1982,"Censorship By Tvnz Upsets Playwright (Press, 20 August 1982)","Wellington reporter John Mortimer, a playwright from London, expressed his disappointment after a scene from his play ""A Voyage Round My Father"" was cut during its recent airing on Television New Zealand. In an open letter, Mortimer reacted to comments made by Peter Fabian, the head of programme standards, who stated that the omitted scene “added nothing to the audience's understanding.” Mortimer argued that the scene was crucial as it depicted the blind father’s inability to see the complexities of life, particularly the unexpected human interactions within a rural landscape, symbolised by two women kissing. Mortimer stressed that the father's ignorance to this aspect of the world is pivotal to the narrative, as it informs the last line of the first act, which reflects on the “monstrous persistence of nature.” He claimed that by censoring the scene, Television New Zealand placed its audiences in a position akin to that of the blind father, missing key insights into the story. The playwright noted that his play had enjoyed a successful run in London for two years, has been performed in educational institutions, and was previously aired on British television without any censorship issues. He expressed sorrow that his work, which had received such positive acclaim during his time in New Zealand, was being showcased in a “pointlessly altered version.” Peter Fabian responded, acknowledging Mortimer's concerns but also highlighting the regulatory context in which the censorship occurred. He referenced a section of the Broadcasting Act regarding taste and decency and mentioned that around the same time as the decision to censor Mortimer's play, a complaint had been upheld related to a homosexual scene in another programme. Fabian clarified that while his department could offer recommendations on content, it was ultimately up to the director-general of Television New Zealand to make the final calls, which he believed resulted in the cut being made, even though it may have detracted from a notable line in the play without impacting the overall plot.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820820_2_86_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820820.2.86.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398606400
5134,21,08,1982,"Censorship Of Tv Film (Press, 21 August 1982)","In a letter published on 21 August 1982, P. H. Scotter reflects on the censorship of an episode of ""Brideshead Revisited,"" which was aired in Australia and featured a sensitively presented sexual encounter. Scotter's Australian friend had predicted that New Zealanders would probably not be allowed to view this particular scene, which was subsequently confirmed by Mr Fabian of the Broadcasting Corporation. According to Fabian, the scene was deemed not to conform with ""commonly accepted standards of decency"" and thus had to be cut from the broadcast for New Zealand viewers. Scotter expresses surprise at this decision, considering that the programme has so far been well-received and appreciated. He points out the irony that television continues to expose children to graphic violence and death while denying adults the opportunity to view a natural and less graphic sexual scene that is integral to the story. Scotter concludes by reminding readers that all censors originate from sexual encounters, suggesting a certain hypocrisy in their role. The letter raises important questions about the standards of decency applied to television content and the implications of such censorship on viewers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820821_2_84_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820821.2.84.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398692800
5135,23,08,1982,"Uncut Version To Be Screened (Press, 23 August 1982)","John Mortimer's play ""A Voyage Round My Father,"" which previously had a lesbian scene cut for its television airing in New Zealand, is set to be rescreened in its entirety. The announcement was made by the director general of Television New Zealand (TVNZ), Mr A. W. Martin, who indicated that the uncut version would likely be shown in the summer television season. He expressed that after viewing the play in full, he believed the original cuts were not entirely justified. Mortimer, the English playwright, strongly condemned the decision to censor the scene, which featured two women kissing while fully dressed, stressing that it was vital for the audience’s comprehension of the play. In his defence of the appraisers at TVNZ, Mr Martin acknowledged that they face challenging decisions regarding public taste and decency, noting he had not seen the edited version prior to its airing, and that materials were only brought to him when the appraisers felt uncertain. The cuts to Mortimer’s play occurred around the same time the corporation upheld a complaint regarding a homosexual scene in another production titled ""Facing the Sun,"" which was found to violate the Broadcasting Act's taste and decency standards. Mr Martin asserted there was no inconsistency in deciding to allow the rescreening of Mortimer's play, claiming that the earlier play presented a more explicit portrayal of a homosexual encounter. In the previous year, TVNZ appraisers reviewed 5,834 programmes, censoring 96 for unacceptable language, 151 for violence, 74 for weapon portrayal, and 47 for sexual content, with six programmes being completely rejected. Opposition Labour’s shadow minister for broadcasting, Mr J. L. Hunt, denounced the cuts made by the Broadcasting Corporation to notable television productions as ""cultural vandalism."" Hunt specifically cited the censored scenes from British series ""Brideshead Revisited"" and ""A Voyage Round My Father,"" arguing that the director general should intervene to restore the original content. He referred to ""Brideshead Revisited"" as a significant cultural work of considerable artistic merit and asserted that viewers should be trusted to form their own judgements on such productions. Additionally, Hunt criticized those advocating for the cuts as ""narrow-minded"" and accused TVNZ of yielding to a puritanical minority. He called for the corporation to stand firm against this ""lunatic fringe."" In defending the original cuts, Mr Fabian, head of programme standards, claimed the kissing scene would have left audiences with an unpleasant impression, expressing surprise at the desire among some viewers to witness such content on television. Mortimer subsequently wrote to New Zealand newspapers, arguing that the excisions undermined crucial elements of his play.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820823_2_112_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820823.2.112.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398865600
6668,24,08,1982,"Miss Bartlett Criticises Decision (Press, 24 August 1982)","On 24 August 1982, a controversy emerged regarding Television New Zealand's plan to air an uncut version of John Mortimer's play ""Voyage Round My Father."" Patricia Barlett, a morals watchdog, publicly criticised the decision and expressed her concerns about the content being broadcast. She directed her request to the director-general of TVNZ, Mr Allan Martin, asking for clarity on who had requested the full version of the play to be shown. The original airing included the omission of a lesbian scene, which sparked debate on censorship and the appropriateness of such content on public television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820824_2_81_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820824.2.81.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,398952000
6669,25,08,1982,"Tv Censorship (Press, 25 August 1982)","The controversy surrounding the censorship of the television serial ""Brideshead Revisited"" in New Zealand has sparked a debate over the priorities and decision-making of the country's censorship authorities. Letters published on 25 August 1982 express differing viewpoints on the issue. J.P. Stuart criticises the censors for their narrow-minded approach, highlighting the irony that children have access to various forms of media filled with violence and sexual innuendos, while adults are restricted from viewing certain films and television plays in full. Stuart questions the priorities of the New Zealand censorship system, asking whether it truly reflects the values of society. Alan Wilkinson's letter echoes Stuart's sentiments, but also expands the discussion by referencing the character complexities presented in Evelyn Waugh's ""Brideshead Revisited,"" particularly pointing out how a devout woman can undermine her family through a lack of understanding. Wilkinson laments that certain scenes, particularly a lesbian kiss, are seen as inappropriate by censors, arguing this mindset exemplifies a lack of leadership and independence in Television New Zealand (TVNZ). He expresses frustration over the network’s programming choices and suggests that TVNZ has strayed from being a public asset. P. Wood’s letter presents a contrary perspective, defending the need for censorship in television broadcasts during family viewing hours. Wood argues that television and theatre serve different purposes, and that viewers should expect 'family' quality programming, particularly in the early and mid-evening timeslot. He, too, dismisses arguments from individuals like John Mortimer, claiming that the significance of any artistic work is diminished if it relies on sensationalised and explicit content. This discourse reveals a broader discomfort with how art and entertainment intersect with societal values and norms, and raises questions about the nature of censorship in New Zealand. The contrasting arguments highlight a divide between those advocating for artistic expression and those advocating for traditional family values in media consumption, ultimately posing critical questions about what is deemed acceptable for public viewing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820825_2_111_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820825.2.111.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399038400
5136,26,08,1982,"No Olympic For Gay-games (Press, 26 August 1982)","On 26 August 1982, the United States Olympic Committee successfully obtained a court order preventing the promoters of a homosexual sports event in San Francisco from using the term ""Olympics"" in their event title. Chief Judge Robert Peckham of the District Court ruled against the use of the name ""Gay Olympics"" for the athletic event scheduled to begin on 28 August 1982, stating that it could misleadingly imply a connection to the official Olympic Games sanctioned by the United States Olympic Committee. The ruling was supported by the International Olympic Committee, which joined the American committee in its appeal against San Francisco Arts Athletics and its founder, Thomas Waddell. Waddell, a former member of the 1968 United States Olympic decathlon team, expressed deep disappointment, calling the decision a significant blow to human rights and to the gay community, as well as to gay athletics which he now referred to as the Gay-Games. The United States Olympic Committee argued that allowing the use of the term ""Olympics"" could negatively impact the upcoming 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles and jeopardise funding for the American Olympic team sourced from private sponsors and licensing deals. Mary Dunlap, the lawyer representing Arts Athletics, contended that the ruling infringed upon the rights of free speech, arguing that the term ""Olympics"" had entered the public domain. She suggested the possibility of an appeal but indicated that discussions with her clients would be necessary before making any decisions. Judge Peckham clarified that while the Amateur Sports Act permits the Olympic Committee exclusive rights to the use of Olympic-related terminology, it does not outright ban the general use of the word ""Olympics"". He maintained that the context of the current event fell within the scope of exclusive uses granted to the Olympic Committee. Peckham acknowledged the historically discriminatory experiences faced by homosexuals, but asserted that this particular ruling did not constitute discrimination under the provisions of the Amateur Sports Act. Vaughan Walker, representing the Olympic Committee, welcomed the decision, deeming it a fair outcome.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820826_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820826.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399124800
7366,28,08,1982,"The Life Of Felix Donnelly (Press, 28 August 1982)","Father Felix Donnelly's autobiography, ""One Priest’s Life,"" published in 1982, confronts the complexities of his journey within the Catholic Church. In the preface, Donnelly questions the potential pretentiousness of autobiographical writing, acknowledging that his prominence in the media may lead some to view his reflections as self-justifying or overly critical. However, Des Casey, the reviewer, argues that Donnelly's honesty about his fears, ideals, and failures invites diverse reactions from readers. Central to Donnelly's narrative is the pivotal moment of 1980, when he faced public censure from the Catholic Church for his views on sexuality, a stance he could not retract. The book provides an introspective examination of his family's influence, his experiences with a medieval education system, and his friendships, weaving together personal struggle with his professional life as an educator, youth advisor, counsellor, author, and sexologist. While presenting his life journey, Donnelly occasionally exhibits a defensive tone, striving to justify his actions and beliefs. This defensiveness is viewed by the reviewer as unnecessary since many admire his integrity. Nonetheless, Donnelly's struggles with authority and the rigidities of church doctrine may resonate with readers. Casey highlights the limitation in Donnelly's portrayal of others, particularly his successor as chaplain to a significant Auckland student movement. Donnelly's failure to adequately recognise the sincere efforts of his successor suggests a reluctance to acknowledge differing perspectives within the Church. In summary, ""One Priest’s Life"" is a candid exploration of the trials and tribulations faced by Felix Donnelly as a priest. It provides insights into the broader struggles within the Church and the steadfastness of many Christians, even as it occasionally lapses into defensiveness regarding his own experiences. The book offers a rich tapestry of Donnelly's life, encouraging readers to reflect on their responses to his narrative.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820828_2_107_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820828.2.107.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399297600
5137,30,08,1982,"I Was Lying Says Ex-page (Press, 30 August 1982)","In a significant revelation, Leroy Williams, an 18-year-old former Congressional page, publicly admitted on 30 August 1982 that he fabricated allegations regarding sexual relationships between Congress members and Congressional pages, which had led to a Federal investigation. Williams confessed during a news conference in Arkansas, expressing regret for his false claims, which he asserted were made to highlight insufficient supervision of teenagers within the Congressional page programme. Previously, Williams had accused three male Congressmen of engaging in sexual encounters with him and had alleged that he facilitated a liaison between a Senator and a male prostitute. However, during the news conference, when asked about the existence of any homosexual relationships involving Congressmen, Williams clarified that while there may be suspicions, he was not personally aware of any such relationships and denied his involvement. Williams announced his willingness to testify before the House Ethics Committee in Washington, as he has not received any offers of immunity regarding the allegations he initially made. His attorney, Bob Scott, who will continue representing him, indicated that Williams might face potential legal challenges due to the previous accusations. Additionally, Williams shared insights about his personal struggles, revealing that he left his position in Washington after seven months out of concern that he was developing an alcohol dependency. He described experiencing internal conflict over his sexual orientation, stating he felt compelled to present himself as heterosexual despite having homosexual feelings. This admission adds a layer of complexity to the narrative surrounding his earlier accusations and highlights the issues faced by individuals grappling with their identities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820830_2_62_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820830.2.62.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399470400
7278,01,09,1982,"Concern Unites Women’s Conference (Press, 1 September 1982)","On 1 September 1982, a major gathering of approximately 180 women occurred in Palmerston North for the annual conference of the Women’s Studies Association. Participants from Christchurch noted a sense of happiness and unity throughout the event, although discussions were dominated by concerns over education cuts impacting women's studies programs. The Auckland Workers’ Educational Association's Women’s Studies Courses faced the most substantial reductions, while attention was also drawn to the low status of similar courses at Waikato and Victoria Universities, which are likely to experience staff reductions. A highlight of the conference included a play centred on the Victorian con artist Amy Bock, written by Fiona Poole and performed by an amateur group. Furthermore, a video produced by Mary Hancock captured the Rixen factory sit-in, highlighting the multiple redundancies suffered by many female employees, predominantly Māori women. The film showcased how these women drew from their community experiences on the marae to guide Pākehā on cooperative living during the sit-in. Among the various presentations, several papers explored women’s contributions to literature, offering feminist interpretations that deviated from traditional views. Notably, Chigusa Kimura-Steven from the University of Canterbury compared the prominence of female writers in Japan before the 11th century to their subsequent decline, attributing the shift to societal changes from matrilineal to patrilineal lines with the emergence of the samurai class. Looking ahead, plans are already underway for the 1983 Women’s Studies Conference, set to take place in Christchurch the following August, hosted by local association members. In another significant development, the New Zealand Country Women’s Institute, led by retiring president Mrs April Kerr, conveyed a transformation in its identity. Rejecting the stereotype of women merely comparing scones, Mrs Kerr emphasised a more forward-thinking and active approach among attendees. She highlighted that the Institute, while rooted in homemaking traditions, has adjacent goals that allow women to engage more fully in community and political matters, reflecting their evolving role in society. The Institute has maintained consistent communication with various women's groups and engages with government departments on women's issues, unafraid to tackle controversial subjects without endorsing specific political parties. As Mrs Kerr noted, the institute members now prefer versatile meeting times to accommodate working women. Additionally, the article details upcoming educational opportunities at Christchurch Polytechnic focused on women’s health, job-related issues, and trade unions, reinforcing the ongoing commitment to nurturing women's skills and building confidence. Mrs Betty Friedan's quote emphasising the need for men to be more involved in the women's movement highlighted the broader societal changes and the evolving perspectives on gender roles. Items for consideration for “Making It Happen” can be sent to Mrs J. Steincamp in Christchurch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820901_2_93_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820901.2.93.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399643200
5139,02,09,1982,"'One In 10 Adults Deviant’ (Press, 2 September 1982)","At the New Zealand Psychological Society's conference, Waikato University clinical student Mr David Winsborough presented findings indicating that as many as one in 10 New Zealand adults might identify as homosexual. Based on figures from 1976, this percentage suggests that approximately 150,283 New Zealanders would fall under this classification, which he termed as a ""deviant"" label. Winsborough highlighted the inappropriate and often brutal therapeutic measures historically used by psychologists to 'treat' homosexuality. He referenced extreme cases from the United States, including administering nausea-inducing drugs and LSD as part of aversion therapy, arguing that such methods were both bizarre and ineffective. Mr Graeme Field, another clinical psychologist from Waikato University, echoed Winsborough's views, stating there is no scientific justification for categorising homosexual individuals as sick. He emphasised that homosexuals lead normal lives and questioned the rationale behind labelling individuals as ""weird"" based solely on their sexual orientation. Winsborough also pointed out the failure of many psychologists to support individuals' sexual identities, instead attempting to shift their orientation without considering alternatives that would help them accept themselves. The discussion extended to the broader societal implications for homosexuals, with Winsborough articulating the crucial dilemma faced by those in supportive therapy. He noted that while psychologists may encourage acceptance of one’s sexual orientation, they must also prepare their clients to navigate a society that often demonstrates hostility towards homosexuality. He painted a vivid picture of the difficulties faced by homosexuals, exemplifying the pain and isolation of not being able to publicly express affection for a loved one in everyday settings. Winsborough also addressed the legal context surrounding homosexuality in New Zealand. He pointed out that, despite numerous unsuccessful legal efforts to control homosexual conduct, male homosexuality remained criminalised prior to legislative changes. He cited the Wall amendment of 1975, which attempted to suppress discussions that suggested homosexuality might be normal, particularly in contexts involving individuals under the age of 20. The discussions at the conference highlighted the urgent need for a shift in perception and treatment of homosexual individuals, stressing the importance of acceptance rather than attempts to change sexual orientation. The focus was on fostering a more understanding and supportive environment for homosexuals, amidst a backdrop of legal and societal challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820902_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820902.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399729600
5138,02,09,1982,"Britons Of The ’bos Still Prisoners Of Class... (Press, 2 September 1982)","Ken Coates reflects on the enduring significance of class in Britain after his return to New Zealand following a three-and-a-half-year tenure as London correspondent for ""The Press."" He notes that many New Zealanders thrive in Britain due to their relative freedom from class constraints, unlike the entrenched class system in Britain that often defines individuals by their background and speech. Kiwis can hold various jobs across the social spectrum without being constrained by societal expectations, whereas Britons are firmly categorized into distinct classes: the working class, lower middle class, middle middle class, and upper middle class. Coates describes the complexities of the British class system, highlighting the stigma around discussing class openly, especially among the middle classes, who quickly label others. He illustrates the different class behaviours, mentioning the preferences in language and environments between the lower middles and middle middles, with terms like ""toilet"" versus ""lavatory."" The article covers how class determines perceptions and opportunities in British society, where individuals may retain their class status irrespective of personal achievements, such as acquiring wealth or fame. The article further critiques the British education system's focus on elitism through public schools, which has historically hindered the advancement of industry and engendered a disdain for science and technical professions, contributing to Britain's current industrial decline. This failure to adapt is juxtaposed with other countries that embraced meritocratic systems, preparing for modern economic challenges. Coates also comments on the innate reluctance of the elite to engage in 'hands-on' industry and paints a picture of an evolving business landscape, where traits like integrity and competence are beginning to outweigh the traditional emphasis on social background for managerial roles. He reflects on the shift in worker attitudes post-industrial decline and the rise of disillusionment among the working class, while also noting the relative peace among class divisions, save for ethnic minorities. As he concludes, Coates expresses the hope that the emergence of a more classless society could provide the necessary impetus for Britain to tackle its pressing social and economic issues. However, he acknowledges that this classless element remains overwhelmingly sparse and that Britain’s rigid class structure continues to pose significant challenges to unity and progress.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820902_2_112_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820902.2.112.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399729600
5140,03,09,1982,"Inquiry Dropped (Press, 3 September 1982)","On 3 September 1982, the United States Justice Department announced the cessation of an investigation into allegations that certain members of Congress had engaged in homosexual relations with Congressional messengers. This decision came shortly after Leroy Williams, a former messenger whose claims initiated the inquiry, recanted his accusations, stating they were false. Despite the conclusion of this particular investigation, a spokesman for the Justice Department noted that inquiries into allegations of drug abuse involving members of Congress and their staff would continue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820903_2_60_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820903.2.60.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399816000
7671,03,09,1982,"The President And Necrophilia (Press, 3 September 1982)","On 3 September 1982, the routine of the White House press briefing, conducted by spokesman Larry Speakes, drew amusing comparisons to a funeral parlour due to its formal setting and subsequent chaos. Reporters attended to hear Speakes relay the Administration's rationale for a tax increase, contradicting their initial promise to reduce taxes. The event quickly turned chaotic, with reporters expressing dissatisfaction over the scripted remarks. One noted journalist, Sarah MacClendon from Texas, persistently challenged Speakes about the administration’s economic recovery claims, while another, Lester Kinsolving, introduced absurd inquiries about the government's hiring practices regarding sexual preferences. Speakes struggled to maintain decorum amidst the barrage of questions, highlighting the mix of serious journalism and entertainment within these briefings. Although the right to press access is firmly maintained by the White House, it becomes evident that the integrity of serious journalism in these settings is under scrutiny. The press corps includes a mix of established journalists and those from lesser-known outlets, with some of the latter proving to be more relentless in their questioning. The atmosphere on the ""zoo plane,"" which transports the press alongside the President, also reflects this chaotic environment, where tired reporters sometimes indulge in frivolous behaviours. Speakes, in a moment of exasperation, invited any news organisation to publish the full transcript of the briefing, a challenge taken up by the Washington Post, albeit with edits. The evolving relationship between the White House and the press hinted at a possible trend to exclude less 'useful' members of the press, echoing practices initiated by former President Carter’s press secretary. Veteran correspondent Curtis Wilkie noted that the midday briefings seldom impart substantial information, raising questions about their efficacy and purpose.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820903_2_78_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820903.2.78.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,399816000
7175,11,09,1982,"Games From A Dictionary (Press, 11 September 1982)","The ""Concise Oxford Dictionary, Seventh Edition,"" published in 1982 by Oxford University Press, has been reviewed by Naylor Hillary, who notes that examining a new edition reveals shifts in human tastes and values reflected in the language. Between 1976 and 1982, the dictionary has adapted to significant changes in areas such as sexual slang, racial attitudes, computing, industrial relations, and international politics. Hillary highlights that the presence of a word in a dictionary does not equate to approval; these words may still be considered slang or vulgar, even if they are widely used. The latest edition includes controversial terms such as ""wank,"" ""wanker,"" ""poofter"" (attributed to Australian slang), ""stud"" (referring to a young man with sexual prowess), and ""scrubber."" Notably, the term ""gay"" is accepted in its sexual noun form, while ""libber,"" associated with women's liberation, is absent. The political landscape’s influence is evident, as the term ""ayatollah"" appears following Iran's revolution, defined as a Persian term meaning ""a token from God."" However, the corresponding verb ""nuke,"" as in ""nuke the ayatollah,"" is not included. New general entries comprise ""bludger"" and the metaphorical use of ""hiccup,"" while terms like ""junk-food"" are omitted, and ""no-no,"" indicating something unacceptable, is introduced. The word ""funky,"" interpreted as ""fashionable,"" remains, though its meaning is increasingly ambiguous. The dictionary has also begun categorising words that are racially offensive with a bold ""R"" for identification, such as ""coon,"" ""Jap,"" ""mick,"" and ""wog."" Interestingly, offensive terms used in New Zealand, such as ""honky"" and ""whitey,"" do not carry the ""R"" designation. While ""munt"" is admitted with an ""R,"" its Rhodesian counterpart ""floppy"" is left out. Hillary discusses the dictionary's awkwardness in using the abbreviation ""Jap,"" which it labels as offensive, while also employing it to reference words of Japanese origin like ""tanka"" and ""saki."" Despite these contentious aspects, the Seventh Edition, still edited by J. B. Sykes, is regarded as the best available compact English dictionary. The new edition is slightly different in format, printed in smaller type and featuring about 100 fewer pages than its predecessor. However, despite this, it is thicker due to the heavier paper, resulting in a similar weight. In total, it boasts approximately 1,000 new entries, reflecting a fair increase for a dictionary that contains around 75,000 entries over a six-year span.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820911_2_85_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820911.2.85.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,400507200
6670,11,09,1982,"Little Help For Cinderella (Press, 11 September 1982)","""The Cinderella Complex: Women's Hidden Fear of Independence"" by Colette Dowling, published in 1982, is a commentary on women's dependency and their struggle for independence. The book resonates with many women by encouraging them to acknowledge their dependency and desire for external validation, often expressed as a need to be ""saved"". Dowling, a journalist who has been independently raising her children, explores her own feelings of wanting to relinquish her emotional and financial independence in a new relationship, despite her partner advocating for equality in shared responsibilities. Dowling's insights stem from her realisation that societal conditioning from childhood has instilled in her, and many women like her, a notion of being saved by marriage or a partner. She asserts that this upbringing has led to a sense of helplessness and fear of success, traits that she claims are common among women who have been taught to seek security in relationships rather than embracing independence. Her discussion is supported by research studies and examples from sociology and psychiatry, which makes her arguments compelling to a certain extent. However, the review by Alison Neale highlights significant limitations in Dowling's analysis. While she effectively addresses women's dependency, she largely neglects the socialisation of men into dominant roles and failed to explore how men also have dependency needs typically met through relationships. Moreover, Dowling's examination of heterosexual dynamics misses the perspective of those in lesbian relationships who may find equality and partnership outside traditional frameworks. The book concludes with a brief chapter on women who have achieved independence, but Neale criticises Dowling for not adequately analysing the factors that facilitated this liberation. Although the book brings awareness to issues of women's psychology and dependency, it lacks depth in its exploration of patriarchal structures that continue to perpetuate inequality. Overall, while ""The Cinderella Complex"" may inspire some women to confront their fears and work towards achieving independence, it may also frustrate those who are already aware of the complexities involved in overcoming societal obstacles. For women striving for genuine equality, the book falls short of providing the comprehensive understanding needed to navigate and challenge the ingrained sexism of society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820911_2_85_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820911.2.85.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,400507200
5141,15,09,1982,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 15 September 1982)","The Canterbury Repertory Society is set to present the farce ""Not Now Darling"" by Ray Cooney and John Chapman as its final production for 1982. Auditions for the play, which consists of 11 characters (six women and five men), will take place on Sunday, 19 September 1982, at 10:30 a.m. at the Repertory Theatre. Penny Giddens will direct the play, which is scheduled to run from 20 to 27 November 1982. Those interested in auditioning are encouraged to contact the theatre for arrangements regarding audition times and scripts. Additionally, the New Zealand Hospital Pharmacists' Association will hold its conference in Christchurch from 1 to 3 October 1982, where Peter Simpson from David Bull Laboratories in Australia will present a paper on ""Antineoplastic dispensing: are we bowling underarm?"" In local news, 16-year-old Christchurch schoolgirl Elizabeth Horner has received commendations for her achievement in swimming the English Channel. A reader recalled that the tradition of swimming the Channel gained popularity 50 to 60 years ago, leading to humorous rules to avoid collisions, including that males must yield to females, who have ""greater freeboard aft."" On 3 October 1982, over 200 golfers are expected to participate in a tournament at Burnham Military Camp to raise funds for the Queen Elizabeth II Army Memorial Museum at Waiduru. The museum has seen significant visitor numbers since its opening in October 1978, with over 100,000 visitors annually. Due to a generous influx of donations, plans for a $500,000 extension of the museum have been initiated. The Burnham tournament, which has previously raised over $2,000 in each of the last two years, hopes for analogous support this year. Meanwhile, there is anticipation of a significant turnout of Canterbury supporters in Wellington for a Ranfurly Shield challenge on a Saturday. Additionally, from 23 to 26 September 1982, Canterbury will participate in the ""Discover New Zealand"" travel show at the overseas passenger terminal in Wellington Harbour. The event aims to promote 16 attractions and amenities from Canterbury, offering a competitive weekend holiday in the region. Organised by the Canterbury Promotion Council, the display will include 8,000 daffodils and other promotional materials. There is a request for a local food item for sampling and someone skilled at riding a three-seater bicycle to assist in the presentation. Lastly, the BBC has issued a leaflet titled ""Insight,"" which highlights upcoming programmes, including a series called “Couples,” which features studies of homosexual relationships conducted by interviewer Gav Search.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820915_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820915.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,400852800
7025,16,09,1982,"Court To Decide Sex Of Transexuals (Press, 16 September 1982)","On 16 September 1982, a significant legal case commenced in Sydney, Australia, which aims to define the legal sex of two transgender individuals, Lee Harris and Phillis McGuinness. This case is notable as it is the first test case in New South Wales to determine the sex of a transgender person. The two defendants, both charged as males with attempting to procure two undercover male officers in Darlinghurst in January 1981, are contesting the charges by asserting that they identify as women. Lee Harris, aged 30, and Phillis McGuinness, aged 23, were represented by lawyer Bruce Miles, who declared that the ruling would carry historic implications. He argued that their case is significant not only for the individuals involved but also for others in similar situations, labelling Harris and McGuinness as ""heroines"" for their representation of an oppressed group. Miles emphasised that although the defendants were assigned male at birth, they perceive themselves as female and live their lives accordingly. During the Court's proceedings at the Castlereagh Court of Petty Sessions, Miles highlighted the essence of gender identity, stating that the true measure should be based on how individuals perceive themselves. He noted that Harris had undergone gender reassignment surgery while McGuinness had not. The lawyer stressed that the change of sex is fundamentally an internal change concerning identity rather than merely a physical transformation. Harris, originally from New Zealand, described a history that included being raised as a girl and having breast surgery at the age of 14. On the contrary, police prosecutor Sergeant Ralph Lloyd argued that the current legislation under the Crimes Act only recognises two genders: male and female. He posited that including other sexual identities, such as transgender or intersex, could render the law ineffective. Lloyd described transgender individuals as existing under a 'variety of sexual abnormalities', asserting that the legal categorisation must remain strictly within the binaries of male and female. Expert testimonies were presented, including opinions from Dr Alfred William Steinbeck and Dr Ronald Ford Barr. Steinbeck suggested that without a legal recognition for transgender individuals, those who have undergone surgery would remain classified as males legally. However, Barr advocated for recognition of a person's lived experience, suggesting that if someone is accepted as a woman by society, the law could reflect that reality. The case has drawn attention due to its potential implications for transgender rights and identity recognition in the legal system. Mr C. R. Briese, the chief stipendiary magistrate, has adjourned the hearing. He is set to deliver a ruling on this landmark case on 24 September 1982.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820916_2_57_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820916.2.57.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,400939200
5142,20,09,1982,"Behaviour Condemned (Press, 20 September 1982)","At a recent two-day convention of Jehovah's Witnesses, held on 19 and 20 September 1982, attendees were informed about the declining moral standards in society. Mr W. P. Harp, the district overseer for New Zealand, addressed delegates from the Kaiapoi, West Christchurch, and South-East Christchurch congregations. He expressed concern that the public was being conditioned to accept increasingly degraded moral behaviour. Mr Harp noted that societal acceptance of behaviours such as trial marriages and premarital sex, which would have shocked most Christians two decades ago, was now commonplace. He highlighted the rising prevalence of adultery, de facto relationships, and even homosexual marriages in contemporary society. To illustrate the change in moral standards, Mr Harp presented statistics from 1980, stating that there were 22,981 registered marriages, but 6,493 divorces occurred, a rate that was double that of ten years prior. Additionally, he pointed out that 22 per cent of all births were considered illegitimate, underscoring the significant societal shifts in attitudes towards marriage and family structures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19820920_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19820920.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,401284800
5143,01,10,1982,"Defendant Denies Park Attack (Press, 1 October 1982)","On 1 October 1982, in the District Court, evidence was presented regarding an assault on a man in North Hagley Park by three individuals. The defendant, 20-year-old Tini Te Waaka Raymond Te Rangiita, a scrub cutter, has denied charges of robbery in connection with this incident, which occurred on 9 August. He opted for a jury trial and was committed to the High Court after Justices of the Peace, Mr M. B. Hayes and Mrs R. M. Subritzky, deemed there was enough evidence against him. He was remanded until 11 October for further proceedings, with bail set at $1,000, supported by two sureties. The victim, whose identity is suppressed, testified that while driving to a meeting, he parked at the intersection of Armagh Street and Park Terrace. After a brief period in his car, he walked to public toilets near Victoria Lake in the park. He mentioned his past homosexual tendencies and recounted how he followed another man into the toilets, believing they shared similar interests. After a brief encounter in the toilet, they both exited to a secluded area of the golf course, where the victim was attacked by two additional assailants. He was punched, kicked, and robbed of his car keys before losing consciousness. After regaining awareness, he sought assistance and was taken to the hospital, where he remained for three days with multiple injuries, including severe bruising and facial lacerations. During cross-examination, the complainant admitted he entered the toilet with the intention of meeting someone. He denied any accusations of inappropriate behaviour towards the man he followed. A 16-year-old youth, serving a year in a youth prison for unrelated crimes, testified he had conspired with the defendant to rob the complainant after waiting in the trees for their target. In his own defence, Te Rangiita claimed the encounter was initiated by the complainant when he allegedly grabbed him inappropriately. He stated that the subsequent assault on the victim was not premeditated and that the intention to steal the car arose only after the attack occurred. Evidence presented, including fingerprints from the victim's car matching those of the defendant, suggested his involvement. As the case unfolds, both the prosecution, led by Sergeant C. J. Shannahan, and the defence, represented by Mr M. J. Glue, prepare for the impending trial, amid the serious charges faced by the defendant. The complexities of the interactions prior to the assault, the motivations behind them, and the implications of consent and aggression in the case are central themes in the discussion of the events leading to this criminal charge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821001_2_36_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821001.2.36.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,402235200
7176,02,10,1982,"O To Scz, But Don’t Reno Or Park (Press, 2 October 1982)","On 2 October 1982, Oxford University Press released Volume 111 of ""A Supplement to the Oxford English Dictionary,"" edited by R. W. Burchfield. This edition continues the comprehensive update of the historic dictionary, which documents the evolution of English usage. A review by A. N. Wilson in “The Spectator” highlighted contributions from New Zealand, emphasising the country's cultural and intellectual influence. Wilson praised New Zealand, mentioning its pleasant climate, notable authors like Dan Davin and Katherine Mansfield, and the significant support provided by New Zealand during international conflicts. The review acknowledges Dr Robert Burchfield as a leading lexicographer and highlights his extensive work over the last 25 years to refine the dictionary. The dictionary serves as a historical record of the English language, detailing words and their usages without imposing correctness, unlike French language academies. It illustrates how words evolve and reflects diverse meanings through usage. Among the historical details shared, Wilson recounts that the original dictionary segments from letters O and P were completed by Sir James Murray in 1909, with subsequent work by Sir William Craigie and Henry Bradley on letters Q and R, and S, respectively. Since then, the English vocabulary has grown, with an estimated addition of 450 words annually, many derived from foreign languages and reflecting cultural shifts. Dr Burchfield's method embraces inclusivity in language, leading to some controversies, such as including derogatory terms like ""to jew,"" and anticipating similar reactions with upcoming words starting with W. He believes in documenting all forms of language to mirror actual usage, even if they are offensive or considered slang. The review also comments on the divergence between American English and British English, predicting that they may develop into distinctly different languages. It notes that any British speaker visiting New York would struggle to understand much of the local vernacular. Wilson critiques the dictionary's omissions while acknowledging its vast coverage, mentioning expressions from popular culture and modern slang that have not yet made the dictionary. He reflects on the representative nature of entries, which often include quotes from literature and newspapers, enhancing its role not just as a reference work but also as an anthology that captures the essence of the language. Contributors to this dictionary, such as Marghanita Laski, who has contributed over 30,000 quotations, and others acknowledged in the preface, have played a crucial role in enriching the dictionary. Wilson concludes with recognition for their invaluable contributions to this expansive and intricate resource, which serves the English-speaking world.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821002_2_103_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821002.2.103.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,402321600
4076,02,10,1982,"Three From Virago (Press, 2 October 1982)","On 2 October 1982, a review by Diane Prout highlighted three notable publications from Virago Press, focusing on themes relevant to women's experiences. The first book, ""Tea and Tranquillisers"" by Diane Harpwood, presents a light-hearted narrative through the diary of Jane Bennett, a British lower-middle-class mother managing her life with two small children. The tone is reminiscent of American writers like Irma Bombeck and Marilyn French, blending satire and a touch of black comedy. Beneath its humorous surface, the book hints at the more serious implications of suburban life for women, revealing the potential for mental distress amid the monotony of household duties. The second book, ""Mirror Writing — An Autobiography"" by Elizabeth Wilson, takes a more profound and introspective approach. It tells the story of a lesbian’s journey toward self-understanding over three decades, spanning from the aftermath of World War II to the rise of the Gay Liberation movement. While the author’s articulate exploration of identity and societal change is engaging, Prout notes that the heavy introspection can be taxing for readers. Wilson's self-analysis and reflections sometimes come off as overly self-involved, detracting from her discussion on the complexities of homosexual relationships. The third title reviewed, ""The Quest for Christa T."" by Christa Wolf, stands out as the most sophisticated of the three. This novel attempts to piece together the life and personality of Christa T, a young woman in Hitler's Germany, through her diaries and letters. As her friend reflects on Christa's untimely death at thirty-five, the narrative intertwines themes of idealism, post-war materialism, and the desire to protect Christa’s memory from being forgotten. The writing demands considerable engagement from the reader, mirroring the philosophical depth often found in German literature. Wolf’s poignant portrayal of a life that barely fulfilled its promise resonates deeply, showcasing her as a sensitive and insightful voice from East Germany. Overall, Prout’s review encapsulates the diversity of female narratives presented by Virago Press, each exploring different facets of womanhood, identity, and the socio-political landscapes of their respective times.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821002_2_103_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821002.2.103.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,402321600
5144,06,10,1982,"Homosexual Denial By Witness In Jorgensen Case (Press, 6 October 1982)","Ronald John Jorgensen, a 49-year-old artist, is on trial in the District Court for allegedly assaulting 66-year-old Charles William Richard Hands last May in Kaikoura. The trial began on 6 October 1982, with Hands denying claims regarding his sexual orientation, stating firmly, ""I am not a homosexual."" He presented himself as a married man, despite mentioning a separation from his wife two years prior. Prosecutor N. W. Williamson outlined the key details of the case, noting that on the evening of 26 May, Hands had been at the Pier Hotel where he met Jorgensen and Wayne Smith. After leaving the hotel, Hands accompanied Smith to visit Smith's father. Jorgensen reportedly arrived about half an hour later, and after a singsong, Hands recalled waking up in a Christchurch hospital two days later with injuries to his face and head. Williamson explained that an argument had erupted between Jorgensen and another individual, Michael Reardon, and that Hands intervened by insulting Jorgensen, which led to Jorgensen slapping him after demanding an apology. Testimony from Constable A. T. Duncan indicated Jorgensen had admitted to hitting Hands after being insulted, although Jorgensen had originally described the act as a mere ""light tag."" The prosecutor highlighted the simplicity of the case, stating that the Crown's position is that Jorgensen struck Hands in the face, an admission made by Jorgensen to the police. While Jorgensen claimed his actions were justified due to insults and a supposed homosexual gesture from Hands, Williamson pointed out that such provocation does not warrant a violent response. During cross-examination, Hands denied numerous allegations made against him, including those of making homosexual gestures and being aggressive. He implied that any discrepancies in testimonies, particularly those of Wayne Smith, might stem from intimidation or exaggeration. Smith agreed that everyone had been drinking that night and indicated that Hands had behaved differently than he normally would. Despite Jorgensen's claims, Smith did not see any blatant act of violence towards Hands. He reported witnessing Hands's altered state due to alcohol but denied any observations of brutal physical harm occurring at the hands of Jorgensen. Smith later discovered evidence of blood and vomit after the incident, which raised further questions during the testimony. The trial is expected to last three days, with multiple witnesses set to provide their accounts, including those who knew Hands for many years, to support his side of the narrative. A key point of contention is whether Jorgensen's reaction was proportionate to the alleged provocations, and both sides confront the circumstances leading to the injuries suffered by Hands.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821006_2_31_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821006.2.31.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,402667200
5145,08,10,1982,"Paparua Officer: Jorgensen Well Behaved In Prison (Press, 8 October 1982)","During the trial of Ronald John Jorgensen, held at a District Court, Chief Officer Keith Chase testified that Jorgensen was not inclined towards violence. Jorgensen, a 50-year-old artist, faced assault charges against Charles William Richard Hands, a 66-year-old retired advertising executive, stemming from an incident in Kaikoura on 26 May 1982. This fight occurred just 23 days after Jorgensen's release from prison, where he had served a life sentence for involvement in the infamous Bassett Road Machine-Gun Murder in Auckland in 1963. Jorgensen entered a plea of not guilty. The prosecution called 10 witnesses, while the defence presented five, including Jorgensen himself. The trial saw a jury composed of eight women and four men retire to deliberate the case's verdict on its third day. Chief Officer Chase, who had known Jorgensen since 1972, spoke highly of his behaviour in prison, labelling him as an excellent worker and asserting he was not violent. Jorgensen was cross-examined by Crown prosecutor N. W. Williamson, where he admitted to having struck Hands with what he referred to as “open-handed slaps"" in response to being assaulted first. Despite being questioned about the suitability of fighting the elderly Hands, who had an artificial hip, Jorgensen claimed he was unaware of Hands' condition. There was a suggestion from Williamson that Jorgensen's recounting of Hands making a homosexual advance was an attempt to tarnish Hands’ reputation. Jorgensen defended himself by stating he was merely sharing the facts of the incident. The court also heard from Dr. G. A. Shanks, a prison medical officer, who examined Jorgensen after his return to prison on 4 June 1982, nine days after the incident. Dr. Shanks described Jorgensen as physically fit with no signs of injuries on his hands or knuckles that would be evident after a fight. Instead, he attributed the injuries sustained by Hands to falling against a refrigerator while intoxicated. Dr. Shanks expressed doubts about the extent of the injuries, suggesting the severity was more related to Hands' drunken falls than to Jorgensen's actions. In a notable cross-examination, Dr. Shanks maintained the position that the damning evidence against Jorgensen tapped into the effects of Hands’ inebriation rather than being a result of an assault. He reinforced the notion that Hands’ state at the time led to more injuries than what Jorgensen could have inflicted. As the trial continued, the identity of a final defence witness was suppressed to shield her business interests. Her testimony was brief and related to historical gifts she had given Jorgensen long ago. The trial's developments hinted at a case where intoxication, personal conflict, and differing accounts of events may play significant roles in determining the outcome, ultimately placing Jorgensen's claims of self-defence at the centre of jury considerations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821008_2_54_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821008.2.54.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,402840000
7096,13,10,1982,"Red Tempo First Acceptor (Press, 13 October 1982)","Red Tempo, an impressive racehorse with an unbeaten record in five starts, has been confirmed as a first acceptor for the prestigious $40,000 New Zealand Two Thousand Guineas, which is scheduled to take place at Riccarton on 6 November 1982. This announcement comes as part of the first acceptors list for both the Two Thousand Guineas and the New Zealand One Thousand Guineas, coinciding with the national classics at the New Zealand Cup carnival. The acceptors for the New Zealand Two Thousand Guineas include a diverse range of horses, showing a strong field that covers numerous contenders. Notable names on this list include Amacola, Amcan, Appro Lad, Atrapar, Bartsky, and Baton Call, among others. The list also features horses such as Beau Magnum, Belliza, Binkie's Double, and Black Visa, representing a mix of established performances and promising newcomers. The catalogue further expands with other notable horses like Great Night, Jolie Femme, Lord Verulam, and Major Lee. The vast array of competitors reflects the competitive nature of New Zealand racing, with participants hailing from different stables and backgrounds. In addition to the Two Thousand Guineas, the New Zealand One Thousand Guineas has a strong list of potential entrants as well, with first acceptors including Ammacola, Amafille, Astral Row, and Auchentoshan. This race is also poised to feature a rich selection of horses such as Fairway Lass, Jolie Femme, and Rapidella among others. Overall, the lists not only highlight the exciting prospects for both the Two Thousand and One Thousand Guineas but also set the stage for an entertaining and highly anticipated racing carnival in New Zealand. The turnout of entries for these classic races indicates a vibrant competitive spirit within the horse racing community, ensuring that the event at Riccarton promises to be a showcase of remarkable talent and thrilling performances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821013_2_127_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821013.2.127.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,403272000
6671,14,10,1982,"Andrew Ends Holiday With Koo (Press, 14 October 1982)","On 14 October 1982, Prince Andrew was anticipated to return to the UK after abruptly ending a holiday in the Caribbean, which he took alongside American actress Koo Stark. The holiday had incited significant controversy in the British media. The Prince made a solitary journey from the island of Mustique to Bridgetown, Barbados, before heading home. Buckingham Palace confirmed the decision to cut short his holiday, countering earlier speculation that Queen Elizabeth II was upset about his relationship with Stark. A palace spokesperson clarified that the Queen had not directly ordered his return. The British press was highly captivated by this royal affair, with many newspapers featuring the story prominently on their front pages. The “Sun” suggested that the Prince's decision to return stemmed from reports regarding the Queen's concerns. According to the publication, royal aides claimed the Queen, who was in Australia at the time, felt embarrassed about her son's association with Stark, described as a “blue movie star.” In contrast, Nigel Dempster from the “Daily Mail” disputed the notion that the Queen exerted any pressure on her son, asserting that she had actually financed his holiday with Stark. Public interest intensified following the announcement, particularly with reports emerging that a company controlling numerous cinemas in northern England had acquired the rights to screen two of Stark's adult films. One film, titled ""Emily,"" featured starkly explicit content that sparked outrage when clips were aired on television. Overall, the saga surrounding Prince Andrew's relationship with Koo Stark became a sensation in British tabloids, reflecting the evolving nature of royal public relations and the pressure from the media on the monarchy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821014_2_76_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821014.2.76.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,403358400
6672,16,10,1982,"‘Penthouse’ Ruled Tolerable (Press, 16 October 1982)","The Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand ruled on 16 October 1982 that most of the United States magazine ""Penthouse"" is tolerable in today’s environment, but it raised concerns regarding the magazine's increasing use of multiple models in its photographic scenes. The tribunal declined a request from the Comptroller of Customs for a two-year restriction order to replace a previous blanket decision that had deemed all issues of ""Penthouse"" indecent for individuals under 18, a decision that had expired on 21 December 1981. The Customs Department sought this new order to avoid the need to individually classify each issue of the magazine further. The tribunal concluded that the September and October 1981 issues were indecent for persons under 18, while the November 1981 issue was deemed unconditionally indecent. The concerns centred around a portfolio of photographs in the November issue, which the tribunal described as presenting a “prurient and salacious view of sex likely to affect even adult readers.” The content was considered offensive and tasteless, with the mix of sex and violence depicted causing injury to the public good due to its excessive use of models, alongside the portrayal of lesbian and prurient sexual aspects. Officials from Customs argued for a blanket restriction based on the similarity between the current issues and earlier ones classified as indecent. However, the tribunal pointed out important differences; while the general format of ""Penthouse"" had been similar in 1979, the 1981 issues displayed explicit genital detail and included pictorial sections with multiple models—a departure from the single-model format of the past. The tribunal noted that the articles within ""Penthouse"" vary widely, from sensible discussions on relevant topics to content that is objectionable. They acknowledged that, despite the variations in photographic content, the written articles of social and literary merit have not significantly deteriorated. Yet, they indicated that some sections of the magazine, particularly ""Forum"" and “Call Me Madam”, had a limited scope for further deterioration. In summary, while the tribunal found that most of ""Penthouse"" is acceptable by contemporary standards, it highlighted serious concerns regarding certain content, particularly in the November issue, which it classified as unconditionally indecent. The conclusion reached was that while the magazine has sections that are tolerable, aspects of its evolving content require close scrutiny.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821016_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821016.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,403531200
5146,16,10,1982,"Liberace’s Driver Claims $157m In ‘palimony’... (Press, 16 October 1982)","On 16 October 1982, it was reported that Scott Thorson, a 23-year-old aspiring male dancer and former chauffeur of entertainer Liberace, filed a palimony suit demanding $157 million. Thorson claimed he had an intimate, emotional, and business relationship with Liberace that lasted six years, asserting that the relationship ended in April 1982 when Liberace had him removed from their shared home. Thorson described a complex dynamic in which he had relinquished his education and career aspirations in dance and composition to become Liberace’s chauffeur and companion, as stipulated in what he alleges was a personal services agreement. His attorney, Michael Rosenthal, indicated that part of the agreement entailed Thorson engaging in a homosexual relationship with Liberace. Thorson stated that he initially sought to resolve the matter amicably out of court but claimed that Liberace was uncooperative. He further detailed that in addition to his monthly salary, he was to receive real estate interests, personal property, and promotional benefits as part of the arrangement with the entertainer. During their time together, Thorson reportedly appeared in Liberace's stage shows and was portrayed as his steadfast companion in various media. In defending against the allegations, Liberace's attorney, Joel Strote, termed the suit ""absolutely absurd"" and refused to comment further, citing that he had yet to review the lawsuit. He denied the veracity of Thorson’s claims. The suit is also notable for its reliance on the precedent set by the Marvin v Marvin case, in which the California Supreme Court determined that unmarried partners could seek financial compensation following the end of a relationship. Thorson accused Liberace's representatives of coercing him into signing a ""litigation settlement agreement and mutual release"" after the termination of their relationship and his subsequent eviction. He has also indicated that assault and battery charges had been filed against Liberace and the individuals who forcibly evicted him from the home they shared.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821016_2_78_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821016.2.78.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,403531200
6673,16,10,1982,"Quiet Assurance Of Charlotte Mew (Press, 16 October 1982)","The review by Heather McPherson of ""Charlotte Mew: Collected Poems and Prose,"" edited by Vai Warner and published in 1982 by Virago, highlights the significant but often overlooked talent of the poet Charlotte Mew. Once admired by prominent figures like Virginia Woolf and Thomas Hardy, Mew's work has faded into relative obscurity since the last collection of her poems was published in the 1950s. McPherson expresses her enthusiasm in engaging with Mew's poetry, noting a blend of assured dramatic monologue and a natural, flowing voice. However, she observes that many of Mew's poems convey a muted and dreamlike quality, with themes of lost love and regret that often settle into a monotonous expression, lacking the depth to capture the complexities of emotion. Among her well-known works, McPherson finds ""The Farmer's Bride"" to lean towards sentimentality rather than impactful resonance. She critiques the authenticity of Mew's use of male personas in certain poems, suggesting that they may feel unconvincing. Yet, she praises Mew’s strongest pieces, such as ""The Quiet House"" and ""Madelein At Church,"" for their freshness and original touch, while noting that ""The Trees are Down"" retains a timeless quality that could resonate with contemporary readers. McPherson also explores Mew's short stories, which she believes display greater vitality and subtlety compared to her poetry. One particularly notable story, ""Mark Stafford’s Wife,"" is described as allegorical regarding Mew's literary journey, showcasing an understanding of the sacrifices involved in becoming the wife of a notable man. While some tales, like ""Passed,"" stray into horror, others, such as ""The China Bowl,"" feature complex characters and themes of societal greed. The review delves into Mew's relationship with themes of femininity and societal expectations, noting her complexities as an ""advanced"" woman of her time. She tended to portray more fragile, childlike women in her work, reflecting both herself and the challenges women of her era faced. McPherson suggests that Mew's potential as a significant poet was stifled by societal constraints and personal struggles, including the fear stemming from her family's mental health history. Ultimately, McPherson believes that Mew's oeuvre deserves recognition and revival, aligning her with the concept of ""survivors."" Despite the hardships and the silence that marked her later life, Mew’s talent has been brought back into the light through this collected edition. The review serves as an appeal for a re-evaluation of Mew's work and for acknowledgment of her contributions to poetry and literature, especially at a time when feminist perspectives are gaining traction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821016_2_113_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821016.2.113.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,403531200
5147,20,10,1982,"Dial-a-gay Book (Press, 20 October 1982)","On 20 October 1982, the Gay Areas Telephone Directory, a unique publication in the United States, was highlighted in San Francisco. The directory features a teddy bear on its cover with a button saying, ""I like boys,"" and encompasses a four-page colour section focusing on the Russian River area, referred to as ""America's newest gay playground."" Its publisher, Robert Adams, noted the directory's expansion over the past four years to include several major cities such as Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Diego, Portland, and Seattle, indicating a growing acceptance and visibility of the gay community across the nation. When it was first launched in 1979, San Francisco was the sole city with such a directory, which filled a unique niche within the community. Unlike smaller publications, such as the ""Gayellowpages"" in New York, which primarily listed bars and restaurants, the Gay Areas Telephone Directory serves as a comprehensive telephone book for the gay community, providing a broader range of listings. Adams stated that while the directory might be perceived as a curiosity for heterosexuals, it serves as a vital resource for the gay community where individuals often seek out others with similar interests and values. San Francisco has long been recognised as a leader in gay acceptance and culture, and Adams indicated that other cities, like New York and Los Angeles, look to San Francisco as a central hub for gay life. The demand for a directory like this has led to expectations of it becoming a national resource, with plans for further regional expansion. In its current form, the directory had expanded significantly, growing from its original 18 white pages and 72 pages of classified ads to a robust 216 pages with 500 advertising contracts across the western United States, showcasing a significant increase in revenue by 300 percent. The directory offers free listings to both gay organisations and individuals, supported by its advertisers, and is accessible upon request at the Gay Directory Office located above the Elephant Walk Bar on Castro Street, the epicentre of San Francisco's gay district. Interest in the directory has also extended beyond the United States, with Adams reporting inquiries from around the world, highlighting its global appeal and the ongoing significance of such resources for the gay community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821020_2_60_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821020.2.60.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,403876800
7367,26,10,1982,"Young Offenders Let Down, ■ Says Priest (Press, 26 October 1982)","On 26 October 1982, Rev. Felix Donnelly, a Catholic priest, addressed the annual meeting of the Movement for Alternatives to Prison in Auckland, highlighting issues concerning young offenders in New Zealand. He expressed concern that these youths are often ""manipulated, let down, and cheated"" by their families, institutions, and society. Donnelly noted that young New Zealanders lack a voice and have few rights, emphasising the serious plight facing these individuals. Donnelly shared his observations since opening a home for socially and emotionally needy youth in 1971. At that time, the average age of referral to the home was 19 years. In contrast, over a decade later, that average age had dropped to 15 years, indicating that the problems leading to youth offending were manifesting at significantly younger ages, often resulting in more distressing behaviours. He characterised the typical young offender as having low self-esteem, self-hatred, unresolved parental conflicts, and repeated interactions with various institutional and helping agencies. Further, Donnelly described young offenders as feeling indifferent about their futures, exhibiting anti-authority sentiments, and feeling powerless, suggesting that these youth are often repressing significant anger and resentment. He clarified that his portrayal of young offenders was not meant to evoke pity but rather to provide an honest depiction of their challenges. To address youth offending, Donnelly proposed a range of strategies, including reparative measures and, in some cases, restricting their freedom. He stressed the importance of early intervention to disrupt the patterns of criminal behaviour, advocating for remedial resources to be implemented at earlier stages. He mentioned that effective interventions could include special education programmes, comprehensive medical and psychological assessments, environmental changes, and adjustments in schooling. Donnelly criticised New Zealand's failure to provide adequate training and resources necessary to address the common factors contributing to youth offending. He urged for a more proactive approach to support at-risk youth, calling for societal recognition of their needs and the implementation of strategies that could mitigate the severity of their problems.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821026_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821026.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,404395200
5148,28,10,1982,"Spy Scare Shows Risks (Press, 28 October 1982)","On 28 October 1982, concerns emerged in Washington regarding sensitive information shared with Britain that may have been passed on to Moscow by a spy. This situation highlighted the risks associated with the 1947 agreement under which the intelligence services of the United States, Britain, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand routinely share intelligence gained through electronic intercepts. American intelligence sources reported worries that intercepted and decoded messages provided to Britain by the United States' National Security Agency (NSA) could have been compromised during the period from 1968 to 1977 due to a Soviet ""mole"" in the UK’s Government Communications Headquarters, which is analogous to the NSA. The seriousness of this potential breach has raised alarms among officials, as it might be the most significant security lapse since World War II. They fear this incident could have led Moscow to enhance its encryption methods while also supplying Western intelligence with misleading information. The New York Times reported on the ramifications of this development, noting the continued strain it places on the longstanding cooperation in electronic intelligence among the five English-speaking nations. Despite a number of previous incidents that have strained this intelligence-sharing relationship, cooperation has persisted. Historical accounts reveal that during the early 1960s, there were espionage cases involving the NSA. For instance, in 1963, two Americans associated with the NSA were discovered to be spies for the Soviets, and significant individuals involved in the agency faced troubling scenarios that exposed vulnerabilities within the organisation. One notable scandal involved Victor Hamilton, a former NSA code-breaker who defected to Moscow, revealing sensitive information to a Soviet newspaper. In the same timeframe, Army Sergeant Jack Dunlop, an NSA courier, took his own life upon learning he was under investigation for living beyond his financial means, which was attributed to selling critical documents to Soviet authorities for years. Additionally, two NSA analysts, Bernon Mitchell and William Martin, defected to the Soviet Union, publicly condemning the United States for spying on its allies. These incidents, although seen as very serious, garnered less media attention compared to the high-profile deflections of British intelligence officials like Guy Burgess, Donald McLean, and Harold “Kim” Philby during the 1950s and 60s. The exposure of Anthony Blunt in 1979 as part of this spy ring further strained the Anglo-American intelligence cooperation. In summary, the latest espionage concerns illustrate the fragile nature of Western intelligence sharing, with historical precedents suggesting that infiltration and betrayal have long posed risks to national security cooperation among the nations involved. The ongoing geopolitical tensions and potential for misinformation amplify the need for vigilance among these countries going forward.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821028_2_73_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821028.2.73.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,404568000
5149,29,10,1982,"Prison Term For Park Attack (Press, 29 October 1982)","A 20-year-old man, Tini Te Waaka Raymond Te Rangiita, was sentenced to one year in prison for his involvement in the aggravated robbery of a homosexual man near Victoria Lake in Hagley Park. The sentencing took place in the High Court on 29 October 1982, presided over by Mr Justice Roper. Te Rangiita had pleaded guilty to the charges, acknowledging his role in the crime alongside two co-offenders, who were sentenced in the Children and Young Persons Court to a year in a youth prison. The attack occurred when the complainant, a practising homosexual, went to the park intending to meet others with similar inclinations. The offenders assaulted him, stealing his money and car keys. Following the robbery, the stolen car was involved in an accident while being driven by Te Rangiita and his accomplices, but Te Rangiita remained with the injured man until help arrived. During sentencing, Te Rangiita's lawyer highlighted his client's remorse and noted a previous lack of serious offences on his record. The young man had reportedly made a suicide attempt shortly before the hearing due to feelings of shame and a sense of having let down his Māori heritage. By pleading guilty, he avoided putting the court through a trial process. Justice Roper remarked on the gravity of the crime, noting how Te Rangiita had taken advantage of the complainant's vulnerabilities linked to his sexual orientation. The judge also pointed out that all three offenders acted equally in the crime and stated that the complainant had spent three days in the hospital due to his injuries. While expressing disappointment in Te Rangiita's actions, Justice Roper reminded him that at 20 years old, there was still the potential for redemption and a chance to make amends.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821029_2_65_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821029.2.65.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,404654400
6674,01,11,1982,"Child Living With Lesbian Witches — Father (Press, 1 November 1982)","On 1 November 1982, a man named Tuan Tran, aged 32, was granted temporary custody of his daughter Purdy Rachel amidst alarming allegations regarding his estranged wife, Laura Tran, aged 26. Tuan filed documents in the Los Angeles Superior Court claiming that Laura resides in a mansion characterised by numerous mirrors and is allegedly associated with ""lesbian witches."" He expressed fears for Purdy's safety, stating that she was being exposed to witchcraft and occult practices. Tuan recounted an incident where Purdy returned home expressing negative sentiments about Jesus and his father, claiming, ""Jesus is bad; daddy is bad,"" which he remarked was unusual for her. In response to his concerns, he had sought the intervention of a Catholic priest to perform a minor exorcism on his daughter. The couple had been married for five years before Laura filed for divorce on 5 August 1982. Court documents included sworn statements from two former neighbours and a babysitter, alleging that the Altadena home was inhabited by 13 women, which purportedly corresponds to the number necessary to form a witches' coven. The declarations painted a vivid and unsettling picture of the residence, including descriptions of grotesque decor such as a tapestry with a lizard's body and a woman’s head, as well as a witches' pentagram. In defence of Laura, a resident named Julie Nieman dismissed the allegations as absurd, asserting that nothing of the sort was happening in their home and expressing surprise at the claims made against them. Commissioner Robert Schnider presided over the case and ordered that Purdy be transferred immediately to her father's custody. He further prohibited Laura from taking Purdy to any locations with pit bull dogs, which Tuan believed were present in Laura's home. The dramatic nature of the case, along with its implications for family dynamics and welfare, captured considerable media attention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821101_2_76_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821101.2.76.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,404910000
5150,01,11,1982,"Company May Sue Customs (Press, 1 November 1982)","On 1 November 1982, the Lawrence Publishing Company (N.Z.), Ltd, based in Auckland, announced plans to potentially sue the Customs Department over the seizure of calendars featuring full-frontal male nudity. These calendars are associated with ""Out,"" a homosexual magazine published by the company. Mr Brett Sheppard, a spokesperson for the Lawrence Publishing Company, expressed concern that the seized calendars would become outdated unless they were released for sale promptly. The incident involved sample copies of the nude calendar that had already been confiscated by customs. Moreover, the company is expecting a second shipment of 500 copies from the United States. In response to the controversy, Auckland's Collector of Customs, Mr Michael Howley, refrained from commenting on the possible legal action, noting that he had not received any formal communication from the publisher's solicitor. He mentioned that the Justice Department was responsible for deciding when the case would be heard, with ongoing cases scheduled for a hearing in February 1983. The publishing company stands firm in its position, asserting that the calendars do not constitute indecency.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821101_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821101.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,404910000
5152,01,11,1982,"Spread Of Gay Disease Feared (Press, 1 November 1982)","A syndrome known as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is increasingly affecting not just homosexual men but also heterosexual men and women in the United States, according to medical professionals at a conference in San Francisco. Dr Harold Jaffe from the National Centres for Disease Control noted that the reported cases have likely doubled every six months. The syndrome begins by compromising the body's immune system, which can lead to severe infections and rare cancers, with pneumonia being the most frequently observed complication. Dr Paul Volberding, the chief of medical oncology at San Francisco General Hospital, referred to a recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, indicating that up to 83 per cent of homosexual men may have immunodeficiency associated with this disease. This statistic raises concerns about the potential for the disease to be highly contagious, which could lead to a significant outbreak. Since June of the previous year, there have been 665 reported cases of the illness, resulting in 270 fatalities. Initially, the cases appeared to be confined to homosexual men, but as time has progressed, it has become evident that other demographics are also at risk. Data from 593 cases reported from June to September indicates that approximately 75 per cent of those affected have been homosexual or bisexual men, suggesting that sexual contact may be a primary mode of transmission. As health officials continue to investigate the spread of this syndrome, the implications for public health are becoming increasingly serious.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821101_2_76_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821101.2.76.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,404910000
6675,03,11,1982,"‘People’ Quiet (Press, 3 November 1982)","Michael Eric Sontag, a 29-year-old resident of Miami, has expressed optimism about his mental health recovery after being diagnosed with multiple personality disorder. Medical professionals have identified 27 separate personalities that once dominated his actions. According to Sontag, most of these personalities have ""fallen silent,"" leading him to believe that he might be able to reintegrate into a single identity and achieve a cure. Over the past year, he has experienced a range of personalities, showcasing diverse and extreme characteristics. These include a character that embodies a foetus, an older man who incited him to take on the role of a mercenary in Haiti, a German-speaking librarian, a lesbian, a prostitute, a religious mystic, a lawyer, an obnoxious athlete, a Spanish-speaking housekeeper, and an aggressive, animal-like personality he referred to as Mark. This complex situation highlights the severity of his condition and raises questions regarding the treatment and understanding of multiple personality disorder.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821103_2_68_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821103.2.68.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,405082800
7856,13,11,1982,"Action On Calendars Filed (Press, 13 November 1982)","On 13 November 1982, a dispute over male nude calendars imported by the Lawrence Publishing Company escalated as the company took legal action against the Customs Department in Auckland. The case originated after customs officials seized a shipment of 20 calendars on 21 October. The company is now seeking the release of the calendars along with damages exceeding $2500. Brett Sheppard, a spokesman for Lawrence Publishing, stated that the Customs Department had refused to return the seized calendars. He pointed out that the Indecent Publications Tribunal had determined that it did not have jurisdiction over calendars, which left the company with no alternative but to pursue legal action. The calendars feature 12 images of full frontal male nudes and were intended to be sold for approximately $13. With another shipment already ordered, the company is hopeful for a swift resolution from the court regarding their dispute with Customs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821113_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821113.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,405946800
5151,17,11,1982,"Burglary Counts (Press, 17 November 1982)","On 17 November 1982, Mark Graeme Lightowler, a 27-year-old unemployed cook, was remanded in custody to the High Court for sentencing after being convicted on three charges of burglary, with stolen property valued at almost $20,000. Judge Frampton declined to exercise jurisdiction, directing the case to the High Court. Lightowler confessed to burgling a residence in Office Road on 28 September and two homes in Moncks Bay on 17 August. On 17 August, Lightowler stole jewellery and antiques worth $4,500 from one home, of which property valued at $225 was later recovered. From another house in Moncks Bay, he took a tape deck worth $250, which was not recovered. From 28-29 September, Lightowler, alongside an accomplice, broke into a house in Office Road, stealing jewellery and antiques valued at $13,750, of which $11,534 was subsequently recovered. Approximately $6,615 of the stolen items was found by police at Picton, but Lightowler was released because the property could not be identified. It was noted that Lightowler's girlfriend had pawned some of the stolen items, for which she faced charges of receiving stolen goods. He claimed he committed the burglaries to feed himself and his girlfriend after she lost her job. The prosecution sought compensation exceeding $6,000. Lightowler is also awaiting sentencing on an additional burglary charge and a receiving charge in Auckland, as well as a plea for allegedly burgling a doctor's office in Picton. Another case involved Anthony Coddington Roberts, a 27-year-old unemployed man, who was remanded on bail after opting for a jury trial on two charges of receiving antiques valued at $6,765. He allegedly received assorted antiques from Lightowler, including an antique Swiss watch. A violent incident at a party resulted in 17-year-old Kuku William Brown being remanded on bail after he assaulted Noeline Katrina Tomlinson with a beer bottle, leading to her requiring 73 stitches for her injuries. Mervyn John Joseph Chisholm, a 22-year-old fitter and welder, was remanded on bail for a hearing related to the unlawful taking of a minitanker trailer containing beer, valued at $4,600. David John Dick, also 22, denied allegations of receiving a Browning shotgun valued at $5,800 and was remanded for a hearing. Furthermore, an unemployed woman, 33-year-old Jill Bronwen McCracken, faced charges of cultivating cannabis and was denied interim name suppression, as the judge pointed out the principle that suppression should not automatically follow a not guilty plea. Lastly, 22-year-old Rosemary June Hawkins was remanded on bail, facing charges related to assisting her husband in escaping from prison and driving while disqualified, while 18-year-old Kerrie Lynette O'Malley admitted to using a friend's card to fraudulently obtain goods worth $1,046. Both women were scheduled for upcoming court appearances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821117_2_115_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821117.2.115.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,406292400
5153,22,11,1982,"Cable Briefs (Press, 22 November 1982)","The Miss World competition faced allegations of being fixed, particularly after the title was awarded to Miss Dominican Republic. Eric Morley, the competition’s boss, strongly denied these claims and offered to produce voting slips from the judges to substantiate his dispute against the accusations, according to a report in the ""Sunday Mirror."" In a legal scenario involving Billie Jean King, a Superior Court judge dismissed the remaining portion of a palimony lawsuit filed by King's former homosexual partner, Marilyn Barnett. The ruling was announced by Judge Sara Radin, who stated that there were no grounds for Barnett to pursue the case. Neither King nor Barnett were present during this court ruling, which took place in Los Angeles. Meanwhile, delegates at the Organisation of African Unity (O.A.U.) engaged in intensive discussions to salvage a summit meeting set to commence on Tuesday. This summit faced the threat of a second collapse in four months due to significant divisions among the 40 nations, particularly regarding the delegation from Chad. In an unusual incident reported by the ""Sunday Express,"" an Arab businessman travelling on Concorde to New York paid £1119 (equivalent to NZ$2666) for an extra seat due to excess luggage. He explained that his 51 kg hand baggage could not be left unattended as it contained a substantial amount of cash. Tragedy struck in Belfast when the body of a 25-year-old Catholic man, who had been shot in the head, was discovered in the boot of his car. His death marked the fifth killing in Northern Ireland that week, with police indicating that it bore the characteristics of a sectarian killing. In Los Angeles, a Cadillac accidentally fell eight storeys down a freight elevator shaft, but the driver, Jose Alfaro, managed to escape with multiple bruises and head injuries. Firemen noted that the accident occurred when Alfaro unintentionally backed through a guardrail surrounding the shaft. A new report published in ""Medical News"" highlighted the dangers of marijuana use during pregnancy, stating that women who smoke the drug are five times more likely to have a baby that is either deformed or underweight. It specifically noted that smoking marijuana three times weekly could lead to an average reduction of 140 grams in birth weight, with deformities resembling those found in infants exposed to excessive alcohol in utero. Lastly, a tragic accident in Dorset resulted in the death of Eric Smith, a clothes shop owner at an Army base. He was killed when an Army Scorpion tank lost control and crushed his car. Police Inspector Bryce Stockton commented on the horrific moment, suggesting that Smith had only a few seconds to react but had no chance to avoid the oncoming tank.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821122_2_77_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821122.2.77.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,406724400
7324,30,11,1982,"Values Party Gives Awards (Press, 30 November 1982)","On 30 November 1982, Sir Hamish Hay, the Mayor of Christchurch, received recognition from the Values Party for his efforts in enhancing the city's ""people"" environment. He was among ten individuals honoured at an awards ceremony marking the party's tenth anniversary, aimed at acknowledging contributions to the social and physical landscape of Christchurch over the past decade. Dr Alan Wilkinson, a leader of the Values Party, highlighted Sir Hamish's significant role in the city's progress during his tenure as mayor, which has been mostly completed over the last ten years. He praised Sir Hamish for his key involvement in a new marae project and for fostering a spirit of goodwill, a quality that has been notably absent in some other politicians. In addition to Sir Hamish, other award recipients included Wendy Browne for her efforts in establishing and maintaining the Christchurch Environment Centre, Helen Chambers for her work in founding the Patients’ Rights group, and Hori Brennan and Peter Heal for their contributions to the Nga Hau E Wha marae project. Doris and Dr John Church were recognised for their leadership of the Battered Women’s Support Group, while Murray Cree and David Robinson were honoured for their establishment of the Salisbury Street Foundation. Rod Donald received recognition for his contributions to the Avon Loop community, Peter Dunbar for his work with the Christchurch Arts Centre, Robin Duff for his establishment of gay rights advocacy groups, and the Health Alternatives for Women collective for their commitment to women's health in the city. This event highlighted a collective commitment among various community figures and organisations towards fostering a better social environment in Christchurch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821130_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821130.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,407415600
5154,01,12,1982,"73 Stitches From Bottle Assault (Press, 1 December 1982)","On 1 December 1982, a District Court judge condemned the actions of a 17-year-old youth, Kuku William Brown, who had assaulted a young woman, Noeline Katrina Tomlinson, at a party on 3 November. Brown hit Tomlinson in the face with a partly-filled beer bottle, resulting in her requiring 73 stitches but fortunately escaping permanent scarring. During the proceedings, the judge expressed his initial intention to impose prison time for the gravity of the offence. However, Brown was ultimately sentenced to eight months of periodic detention instead. The assault occurred after Brown, who was intoxicated, was provoked by Tomlinson’s questions regarding his sexual orientation. The judge made it clear that while provocation was a factor, it did not justify Brown's violent response. He labelled the act of striking anyone with a glass object as “grave and reprehensible”. The absence of long-term injury to Tomlinson, the nature of the provocation, and Brown’s age were the three reasons the judge decided against prison time. In a separate sentencing, Ivan Lawson, aged 25 and unemployed, received a six-month prison sentence for multiple traffic offences, including reckless driving and driving while disqualified. The judge noted Lawson's extensive criminal record related to disqualified driving and previous drink-driving charges. His actions were deemed as serious and willful law violations, prompting the judge to impose the maximum penalty of imprisonment. Lawson was also banned from obtaining a driver’s licence for two years as part of his sentence. Evidence presented showed that Lawson had exhibited dangerous driving behaviour, reaching speeds of up to 140 km/h, and had attempted to ram a police vehicle during a pursuit. His reckless driving culminated in a crash into a power pole, highlighting the severe nature of his offences. Defence counsel described Lawson as a “deeply depressed” individual and noted that his behaviour might be interpreted as almost suicidal. However, this did not mitigate the consequences of his actions in the eyes of the court.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821201_2_32_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821201.2.32.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,407502000
5155,17,12,1982,"Western Music Doesn’t Soothe The Savage Chinese... (Press, 17 December 1982)","In 1982, an unusual guidebook titled ""How to Distinguish Decadent Music"" was published by the People's Publishing House in China, aimed at helping young music enthusiasts navigate the distinctions between acceptable socialist music and what the government classifies as ""yellow"" or pornographic music from the West. The booklet argues that Western music can have damaging effects on listeners, suggesting that it creates moral and psychological disorder rather than providing solace. It cautions that even traditional marches, like those composed by John Philip Sousa, can be insidious in their rhythmic complexity, potentially leading listeners to an “abnormal, demented state of mind.” Chinese authorities have taken significant steps to restrict access to Western music. Censorship has resulted in the banning of numerous songs, and venues such as discotheques and jazz clubs have been shut down. The guide defines pornographic music not just as overtly sensual, but also as music that conveys excessive romance, pessimism, or self-centredness, and challenges conventional perceptions of life. Despite this, many young Chinese are drawn to forbidden love songs, particularly those from Taiwan, seeking out home disco parties, smuggling in cassettes, and copying music illegally. One of the most popular figures in this context is Taiwanese singer Teresa Teng. Known for her romantic ballads, Teng's music has been both denounced and celebrated in China, and her popularity continues to soar, attracting listeners even from across the strait. The guide attributes the current fascination with such music to the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), during which music was heavily propagandised and devoid of meaningful artistic expression, reducing its appeal among the youth who are now more curious about international music landscapes. The guide details distinguishing characteristics of decadent music, pointing out that its often quivery rhythms and uncertain pronunciations can ensnare listeners against their will. It warns of the potential physical responses that music can evoke, implying that exposure might lead one to dance or move in ways that conflict with moral judgment. Furthermore, it associates Western musical gatherings with negative social behaviours such as excessive drinking and violence, reinforcing the idea that such music could lead to moral decay. Overall, the guide reflects a concerted effort by the Chinese government to maintain ideological control over artistic expression while acknowledging, albeit reluctantly, the allure of Western culture among younger generations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821217_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821217.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,408884400
5156,18,12,1982,"Hard Lobbying Faces Contenders For Leadership (Press, 18 December 1982)","Bill Rowling, the leader of the Labour Party, has announced his resignation, effective February 1983, leading to an active summer of lobbying among prospective candidates for his successor. David Lange, the Deputy Leader of the Opposition, is widely expected to step into the leadership role, with supporters claiming he has a significant majority in the caucus over any potential challengers. This includes previous candidates such as C. R. Marshall and R. J. Tizard, both of whom had initially shown interest in the leadership before Rowling's decision to remain. Marshall is now contemplating his position again after Rowling’s announcement, while Tizard insists he remains in the running. A new contender, C. J. Moyle, has gained a sudden surge of support from fellow colleagues and plans to announce his decision regarding a leadership bid in the coming days. Moyle cites his previous electoral success as an indicator of his popularity and capabilities. With Rowling's resignation, speculation surrounding the deputy leadership has also intensified, with several candidates including Junior Whip S. J. Rodger and M. K. Moore indicating interest in that position. While Moore appears poised to support a Lange-led administration, Rodger has not ruled out competing for the deputy leadership despite previously claiming he does not aspire to senior party positions. Rowling’s tenure has been tumultuous, characterised by long-standing tensions within the party, intricately linked to leadership rivalries, particularly with Lange and the controversies that marked his political career. Over the years, Rowling has faced significant challenges, including losing several elections while receiving more votes than his opponents, and personal tragedies that have affected his family life and political ambitions. In speaking about his decision to step down, Rowling noted the necessity of resolving internal party tensions to prepare Labour for future electoral battles. He acknowledged the loyalty of his supporters and the challenging nature of the leadership landscape, referencing the complexities that influenced his earlier claims of remaining in charge. The outgoing leader expressed a desire for the party to unify and regain strength to pursue victory in the upcoming General Election. Rowling has been a prominent figure in New Zealand politics since entering Parliament in 1962 and has faced numerous challenges throughout his career, including his leadership style being portrayed unfavourably by rivals. Despite his modest approach and commitment to democratic socialism, he has struggled to connect with the electorate's expectations for effective economic management. As Labour navigates this leadership transition, the party's members look towards an uncertain yet potentially transformative summer that could reshape its direction ahead of vital elections. The official declarations for candidates are expected to unfold in the near future, with party insiders cautiously optimistic about the prospects of a strong successor to Rowling.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821218_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821218.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,408970800
5157,22,12,1982,"‘Gay Power’ Not Taken Lightly In San Francisco (Press, 22 December 1982)","In December 1982, the San Francisco Retirement Board's decision to award $5500 to Scott Smith, the former companion of the late Supervisor Harvey Milk, sparked significant controversy. The payment was intended to provide support to Smith, who identified as a “dependent” of Milk, who was assassinated in 1978. The award was made under guidelines that permit compensation for “full-time dependents” of public officials. Smith testified that he had lived with Milk and received a modest annual sum of $500 from him. This decision represented a broader acknowledgment of the influence and needs of the homosexual community in San Francisco, a city with an estimated homosexual population of around 100,000, equivalent to about one-seventh of its residents. Harvey Milk was a prominent figure in the gay rights movement, and his assassination highlighted the ongoing struggles faced by the community. However, the award generated a polarized response. While some applauded the move as a victory for the gay rights movement, others critiqued it fiercely, questioning the implications of setting such a precedent for future cases. Some letters to the editor expressed both sarcastic and serious concerns, with one writer humorously suggesting that their pet cat should also qualify for a pension after the owner’s death. The San Francisco Chronicle voiced its reservations, stating that although the recognition of Smith’s situation indicated progress for the gay rights movement, it also set a concerning precedent that could impact taxpayers. The newspaper highlighted the differences between traditional marriage and the relationships that were now being considered for benefits, noting that traditional marital bonds come with legally binding responsibilities and rights that extend beyond personal relationships. Mayor Dianne Feinstein, who had maintained a relatively good rapport with local gay organisations, ultimately vetoed the board's decision. This move highlighted her careful consideration of the political and social climate regarding homosexual rights and the financial implications for the city. Smith's application and the board's initial approval underscored the political clout of the gay community in San Francisco, a factor that the Mayor recognized and addressed in her decision-making process.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821222_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821222.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,409316400
7609,23,12,1982,"Battle For A.c.w.a. Payment Won (Press, 23 December 1982)","The Advisory Committee on Women's Affairs (A.C.W.A.) has announced a significant development regarding its status and financial recognition. Members of the committee, previously limited to expenses-only payments, are now entitled to a sitting fee of $75 per day for attending meetings. Committee chairman, Miss Colleen Dewe, highlighted that this represents a crucial step towards equal recognition with other government bodies and against the prevailing notion that women should provide services without financial compensation. However, she noted that further financial battles remain, particularly around securing better allocations for travel expenses to enable members to attend important meetings without financial strain. Additionally, Dewe expressed concern over the underfunded Project Fund, which has remained at $25,000 since its establishment in 1978, an amount now deemed insufficient in light of inflation and increasing requests for funding. She argued that enhanced financial resources would facilitate more regular interactions with women's groups across the country. Following the closure of the National Advisory Committee on Women and Education (N.A.C.W.E.) earlier in 1982, Judith Aitken has been appointed to A.C.W.A., while others like Betty Biddles and Jenny Wilson have been reappointed for an extended term. The secretariat has also seen changes in staffing, with Chris Hobcraft taking over as senior executive officer, and additional temporary support to address various organisational tasks. In another development, the Human Rights Commission received three complaints from men concerning exclusion from women's events, including the Feminist Arts Festival and screenings of ""Scream from Silence."" The commission concluded that the organisers did not infringe upon sections of the Human Rights Commission Act of 1977, clarifying that not all distinctions based on race, sex, or religion constitute unlawful discrimination. The musical contribution of New Zealand women has surfaced with the release of ""Out of the Corners,"" the first album featuring only female musicians, while the Topp Twins have also released a new record. Both albums are available for purchase, promoting women in music. For those seeking outdoor activities, Women Walk has created a holiday programme with excursions for women, offering guided walks in scenic locations throughout January 1983. In acknowledgments, Eva Findlay has been appointed to a significant role in the Asian Christian Churchwomen’s Assembly, and Nancy Waters has received an appointment related to the World Day of Prayer. Overall, A.C.W.A.'s recent achievements and ongoing initiatives reflect a progressive push towards improving the status of women in New Zealand, garnering financial and social recognition while addressing historical inequalities. The next update for the ""Making It Happen"" column is set for 16 January 1983, inviting contributions for future publications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821223_2_74_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821223.2.74.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,409402800
6523,23,12,1982,"Critics Choose ‘gandhi’ (Press, 23 December 1982)","On 23 December 1982, the New York Film Critics' Circle announced its awards for the best films of 1982, recognising standout performances and works in cinema. The epic biography ""Gandhi,"" which chronicles the life of India’s independence leader, was voted the best film of the year. Ben Kingsley, who portrayed Gandhi, received the award for best actor, highlighting his impactful performance. The best actress award went to Meryl Streep for her role in ""Sophie’s Choice,"" a film praised for its dramatic depth. Sydney Pollack secured the best director award for his work on ""Tootsie,"" a comedy that also won accolades for its screenplay. Supporting actress Jessica Lange, who appeared in ""Tootsie,"" was honoured alongside John Lithgow, who was recognised as best supporting actor for his performance in ""The World According to Garp,"" where he played a transsexual former football player. Nestor Almendros was acknowledged as the best cinematographer for his contributions to ""Sophie’s Choice."" The critics’ choice for best foreign film was awarded to the Hungarian film ""Time Stands Still."" Notably, despite its immense popularity and commercial success, Steven Spielberg's “E.T.” did not receive any awards from the critics. The competition for best director was particularly fierce, with Pollack and Spielberg tied on the third ballot, each receiving 33 votes. Ultimately, Pollack was selected as the winner in the subsequent fourth ballot, highlighting the competitive nature of the awards this year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821223_2_85_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821223.2.85.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,409402800
7857,24,12,1982,"Appeal To Attorney-general (Press, 24 December 1982)","On 24 December 1982, an Auckland publishing company, Lawrence Publishing Company, lodged an appeal to the Attorney-General, Mr McLay, in response to the Customs Department's seizure of a shipment of male nude calendars. The company sought permission to initiate a legal suit for damages against the Customs Department after a High Court judge ruled that no legal action could proceed until the department received a determination regarding the calendars' indecency. Brett Sheppard, a director of the publishing company, expressed concern that the 1983 calendars would lose their market value by the time condemnation proceedings, scheduled for March, were held. Disputing the basis for the seizure, Lawrence Publishing commenced a claim for wrongful seizure in the District Court at Auckland. However, the Customs Department initiated its own proceedings, invoking a provision in the Customs Act that prohibits any legal action against it while condemnation proceedings are ongoing. Adding to the complexity, the Indecent Publications Tribunal had previously determined that it lacked jurisdiction over calendars. In light of these circumstances, the publishing company appealed to the High Court, seeking an expedited ruling on the matter. In his oral decision, Mr Justice Holland critiqued the delays present in the court system, noting that this had hindered the possibility of securing an early hearing. However, he concurred that the Customs Act should remain effective until the upcoming condemnation proceedings were resolved. Justice Holland remarked that the case represented a significant conflict between an individual and the executive branch, emphasizing that the executive had exercised immediate powers in this instance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821224_2_36_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821224.2.36.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,409489200
7368,28,12,1982,"Priest’s Car Stolen (Press, 28 December 1982)","On Christmas Day, 1982, in Auckland, the Rev. Felix Donnelly experienced the unfortunate theft of his car, which was filled with presents. The incident occurred when he briefly left his unlocked vehicle to deliver a gift. Upon his return, both the car and 24 presents intended for his relatives were missing. Despite the distressing situation, Father Donnelly, known for his writings and occasional appearances on talk-back radio, expressed that the theft had not shaken his faith in human nature. He hoped instead that the individual who stole the car was in genuine need of the items inside. Father Donnelly has been noted for his controversial views on sexual and social attitudes, which have led to conflicts with senior members of the Catholic Church throughout his career. The whereabouts of the stolen vehicle remain unknown.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821228_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821228.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,409834800
6676,28,12,1982,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 28 December 1982)","On 28 December 1982, Dick Wilson from the Fire Service in Christchurch celebrated a significant milestone in his career. He achieved a rare statistical ""double"" at the control room located in Kilmore Street. On Christmas Day in 1972, Wilson was on the switchboard when the Fire Service marked its 3000th call for the year. Fast forward ten years to Christmas Eve of 1982, and he was the control room supervisor when the Fire Service received its 4000th call. This increase highlights the increasing demand for emergency services in the Christchurch area, which also mobilises volunteer brigades from Ashburton to Kaikoura. In Wellington, the local lesbian community made headlines with an unconventional festive greeting displayed on posters throughout the city, proclaiming: ""Peace on Earth and Goodbye to All Men."" The phrase created a stir among a mixed group of individuals, with one man expressing irritation over the message, while a woman responded with a wit that suggested the men's worth was more than just their role in reproduction. The exchange concluded with an elderly man reflecting humorously on the holiday season, remarking that Christmas only comes once a year, which he cheerfully endorsed. A humorous incident occurred when a Christchurch taxi driver, eager to learn Japanese to attract more tourists, received a ""teach yourself"" Japanese language book as a Christmas gift. When Japanese tourists hired his taxi, he pointed out the book and explained it was a Christmas present. His comment sparked excitement among the tourists, who rummaged through their bags and presented him with a glossy booklet on Japanese motorbike technology. However, the driver soon realised that his language book had been taken by the tourists as a souvenir from their trip. In Burgh Castle, Norfolk, a local playgroup attempted to stage a Nativity pageant but faced a lack of volunteer shepherds from the children. To encourage participation, the producer added a western twist by recasting the shepherds as cowboys, which successfully sparked interest and drew in young volunteers. The changing cultural landscape was also reflected in Newcastle, New South Wales, where a shipload of young sailors docked earlier that month. Unlike previous generations who might have rushed to tattoo parlours, seven out of the 29 cadets aboard the training ship Wyuna opted to have their ears pierced instead. Amid Australia's ongoing drought, the sense of humour adapted to the harsh circumstances. A roadside sign during a dust storm, cautioning drivers about a ""paddock crossing highway,"" added a touch of dry comedy to the otherwise challenging conditions faced by the residents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821228_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821228.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,409834800
5158,29,12,1982,"Briefs (Press, 29 December 1982)","On 29 December 1982, a tragic incident occurred when a Christmas Eve explosion on a Chinese airliner in Canton resulted in the deaths of 23 individuals, including three American citizens. The US Consulate in Canton confirmed the identities of the deceased Americans as Neil David Konheim, 31, from Los Angeles, Liang Tong Ji, an editor of the Chinese language “Newspaper Express” in the United States, and Professor Conrad Heins. In a separate matter, former US Secretary of State Alexander Haig commented on the possibility of Argentina gaining control of the Falkland Islands had its government accepted his proposals. Speaking during a Christmas party, Haig suggested that Argentina could have successfully navigated the situation without humiliating Britain, thereby retaining the islands, which are referred to as the Malvinas by Argentina. The news also reported the death of former astronaut Jack Swigert at the age of 51. Swigert, who was well-known for his role in the Apollo 13 mission, passed away due to cancer at the Lombardi Cancer Institute at Georgetown University in Washington. He had recently been elected as a Republican representative for Colorado's sixth Congressional district and was scheduled to be sworn in on 3 January 1983. In London, the “Sun” newspaper reported allegations against expelled Soviet naval attaché Anatoli Zotov, claiming he engaged in a homosexual affair while serving at the Soviet Embassy. A male prostitute named Vikki de Lambray was quoted, asserting that Zotov had picked him up two years prior and taken him to his flat for a sexual encounter. Zotov had been expelled from Britain for activities deemed incompatible with his diplomatic status. Lastly, Church officials announced that Pope John Paul II would make a historic visit to Milan in May 1983, marking the first Papal visit to Italy's industrial hub in over 500 years. The announcement was made by the Archbishop of Milan, Carlo Maria Martini, during his Christmas homily in the city's cathedral. The last Papal visit to Milan occurred in the early 15th century when Pope Martino V consecrated the cathedral.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19821229_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19821229.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,409921200
5159,03,01,1983,"Diary Of The Month (Press, 3 January 1983)","The news story, dated 3 January 1983, reflects a series of significant events that took place in July 1982. The Auditor-General, Mr Shades, approved government spending on the Clyde dam, a project that faced considerable public scrutiny. The new Minister of Works and Development, Mr Friedlander, had to contend with an irate crowd in Cromwell as the government began to unveil legislation related to the Clyde dam. Throughout July, various events unfolded. On July 4, thousands of Israelis protested in central Lebanon, amid the resignation of Defence Minister Mr Sharoni. That day also saw Martina Navratilova winning the Wimbledon title. One day later, Mr Friedlander announced that more jobs connected to the Clyde dam would be created within a week, while tennis player Jimmy Connors triumphed in the men's singles at Wimbledon. Labour leader Mr Rowling visited Cromwell and Clyde on July 6, coinciding with fierce battles between Israeli and Palestinian forces on the outskirts of Beirut. In sports, Brazil faced a dramatic loss to Italy in a World Cup match held in Spain. An unusual incident occurred on July 7, when an intruder entered the Queen's bedroom. Tensions escalated for the Labour party on July 9 when they failed to secure a deal with the government to maintain employment levels at the Clyde dam. Meanwhile, on July 10, the South Island rugby team defeated the North Island 22-12. Italy clinched the World Cup soccer final on July 12, while New Zealand achieved victory over Italy in a Davis Cup quarter-final. On July 13, the government struck a deal with the Social Credit party to allow work on the Clyde dam to proceed. Events continued to unfold with an unusual moment on July 15 as the government announced a housing package aimed at assisting low-income families and adverse weather conditions caused travel issues in the South Island. The rugby league series concluded on July 17 with Australia defeating New Zealand. The Israeli Prime Minister, Mr Begin, issued a deadline for the PLO to vacate Beirut, and the resignation of the Queen's personal bodyguard, Michael Trestrail, drew notable attention due to revelations about his personal life. On July 19, a Tongan overstayer was reunited with her breastfed baby in Auckland after they had been separated by police. A significant legal development arose on July 20 when the government began to analyse the implications of a Privy Council ruling which suggested that most of Western Samoa's population could be considered New Zealand citizens. The month continued with the Minister of Labour, Mr Bolger, attributing the impending closure of the Patea freezing works to the workers there. On July 26, Yasser Arafat of the PLO signed a document agreeing to all UN resolutions on the Palestinian issue. July 27 saw the crowning of Miss Canada as Miss Universe amid a public disagreement between the Prime Minister and the Auditor-General over financial management. Protests erupted on July 28 as nurses from Templeton and Sunnyside hospitals confronted a North Canterbury Hospital Board meeting concerning a dismissed nurse. Lastly, on July 30, the PLO accepted an Arab peace plan to withdraw from Beirut, and the month ended tragically with the deaths of 44 French children in a bus crash.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830103_2_145_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830103.2.145.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,410353200
5160,04,01,1983,"Whitehorn’s World Setting Tv Censorship... (Press, 4 January 1983)","In a commentary published on 4 January 1983, Katharine Whitehorn discusses the current state of television in Britain, which has recently expanded to four channels with the impending introduction of cable television. She highlights the mixed reactions from the public regarding the potential for increased access to controversial content, including pornographic material. Whitehorn points out that while there are valid concerns, much of the discourse surrounding these issues lacks focus, as protestors often conflate significant grievances with trivial concerns. She expresses frustration at the inability of critics to differentiate between varying forms of offensiveness, such as coarse language versus graphic sexual violence. Whitehorn acknowledges that while certain films and programmes are indeed disturbing, the reaction to offensive language can overshadow more pressing issues regarding content that glorifies violence or exploitation. Whitehorn draws attention to the challenge of establishing appropriate censorship guidelines, emphasising the difference between verbal and visual impact. She explains that while certain images can provoke a strong emotional response, not all shocking visuals are inherently objectionable. For instance, graphic depictions of violence can be more problematic than necessary medical illustrations. She criticises the backlash against a proposed programme showcasing a homosexual party, arguing that it is unjust to dismiss such representations entirely. Whitehorn warns that the current mode of protest could undermine genuine concerns about the emergence of cable television, leading to an extreme binary view: the unrestricted broadcast of any content versus an overly sanitised programming landscape. Ultimately, she advocates for a more nuanced debate around censorship in media, suggesting that instead of arguing merely from a place of personal discomfort with new content, critics should engage in thoughtful discourse that acknowledges the complexities of representation in media while still advocating for protections against genuinely harmful material. Without more sophisticated arguments, the conversation risks devolving into two polarised camps.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830104_2_77_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830104.2.77.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,410439600
5161,06,01,1983,"New Illness A Mystery (Press, 6 January 1983)","On 6 January 1983, public health officials and blood experts from across the United States convened in Atlanta to address the concerning rise of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a mysterious illness that weakens the immune system. Initially identified among homosexual males in New York and California, the disease has also been recognised in Haitian immigrants, intravenous drug users, and haemophiliacs. Dr James Curran, leading the AIDS task force at the National Centre for Disease Control (CDC), indicated that the precise cause of AIDS remains unknown, but there is growing evidence to suggest it may stem from an infectious agent that can be transmitted between individuals. The meeting’s purpose was to gather ideas and insights on the epidemic, as Dr Curran noted that it may take weeks before specific recommendations would emerge from the centre. As of this date, there have been 881 reported cases of AIDS, with approximately 60 per cent located in New York City. Dr Curran expressed alarm at these figures, describing them as “only the tip of the iceberg."" The estimated death rate associated with AIDS is nearing 40 per cent, heightening concerns among health officials. A major point of anxiety raised during the session was the potential contamination of the blood supply used for transfusions. Mr David Sencer, the New York Health Commissioner and a former director of the CDC, advocated for stricter regulations on commercial blood donations, emphasising the need for vigilance in efforts to control the disease’s spread. Despite the commitment of public health officials in New York to combat AIDS, the uncertainty surrounding its causative agent poses significant challenges in developing effective testing methods to detect the disease's presence. In summary, the conference outlined urgent discussions within the health community regarding the AIDS epidemic, its unknown cause, and the implications for public health, including blood safety measures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830106_2_63_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830106.2.63.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,410612400
5162,07,01,1983,"The Caucus ‘expert’ On Christchurch Affairs (Press, 7 January 1983)","Philip Burdon, the National member of Parliament for Fendalton, has recently completed his first year in the House, which concluded on December 17, 1982. As the sole National M.P. from the South Island representing an exclusively urban electorate, Burdon has perceived his role as encompassing a much larger constituency than just Fendalton. At 43 years old, he has taken on significant responsibilities given his position as a prominent figure for South Island urban interests, particularly those related to commerce. Raised on a high country sheep farm in Geraldine, Burdon's journey to Parliament has been marked by his success as a businessman. He is the owner of Meadow Mushrooms, a successful mushroom farm in Christchurch, and has resigned other commercial directorships to focus on his political career. While some may believe he has lived a privileged life, Burdon dispels these notions, citing his humble beginnings and the sacrifices of his parents to provide him with a good education. Burdon worked hard to fund his studies at university, earning his law degree while holding various jobs, including at Whakatu Freezing Works. His determination further took him to England, where he financed a mushroom venture in Cyprus that failed due to political turmoil. Undeterred, he returned to New Zealand and established his current successful business. His reputation within Parliament has been solidified by his tenacity, as he continually advocates for the interests of the South Island and urban areas. He actively participates in several parliamentary committees, including those focused on commerce, economics, and transport, where he pushes for fair treatment and competition in transport industries and supports efforts to reform tax laws. Burdon describes himself as an economic moderate and a social liberal. He supports social welfare measures while advocating for economic growth, reflecting a belief in the importance of a safety net for the disadvantaged. He is involved in various social issues, including advocating for the rights of homosexuals and opposing capital punishment. Within his electorate, he has opened an office to serve the changing expectations of constituents and claims to address their needs without bias. Despite his focus on Christchurch, he remains aware of the importance of representing the urban sector as a whole. Burdon's concern for unemployment has led him to support job creation initiatives and social services that benefit his constituents. Looking ahead, Burdon expresses ambition for a Cabinet position, feeling that not achieving this would signify a waste of his efforts in politics. Despite starting at the bottom, he appreciates the involvement and stimulation his role as a back-bencher has provided. He acknowledges the respect he has garnered from colleagues, particularly due to his successful business background, which lends weight to his contributions in economic discussions. Overall, Philip Burdon reflects on his first year with a sense of accomplishment and intention to continue advocating for his constituents and the South Island region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830107_2_96_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830107.2.96.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,410698800
5164,08,01,1983,"A Texan Tackles Wall St (Press, 8 January 1983)","""Someone Else’s Money,"" authored by Michael M. Thomas and published in 1982, presents a compelling narrative that intertwines themes of wealth, art, and financial deception within the landscape of modern American society. The novel features a range of characters, notably the Texas oil billionaire Rubber Gudge, whose motivations are driven by a desire for revenge against his less affluent half-sister and a determination to teach American investors a lesson about the perils of prioritising financial speculation over tangible assets such as cattle and oil. Set against the backdrop of the bond market manipulation, which seems reflective of real-life financial practices, Gudge's actions are motivated by a disdain for New York and a broader critique of American economic priorities. His contempt for previous Presidents is articulated through his vivid and direct language, demonstrating the character's deep-seated belief in traditional investments. The narrative suggests a longing for a return to materialism amidst a world increasingly obsessed with financial instruments, a theme that resonates throughout the book. Thomas, a financial consultant himself, draws from insights gained from various art critics, journalists, and fellow financial experts, infusing the novel with authenticity and a wealth of knowledge about both the art world and the financial sector. However, the characters, while entertaining, are described as lacking intrinsic appeal, and the plot reinforces the notion that morality and finances can often conflict. Despite its shortcomings in literary greatness, ""Someone Else’s Money"" is characterised as an engaging read enriched with cryptic references that may challenge the understanding of readers not well-versed in American culture and its quirks. The work stands out within its genre by merging financial intrigue with personal drama, elevating it above contemporaneous works focused solely on high-stakes living. The critic notes the book's authenticity and the captivating nature of its story, making it a noteworthy addition to the literature surrounding wealth and economic systems in 1982.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830108_2_104_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830108.2.104.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,410785200
5163,08,01,1983,"Rasputin: From Siberia To Pop Song (Press, 8 January 1983)","The review discusses Alex de Jonge's biography ""The Life and Times of Grigorii Rasputin,"" which aims to present a scholarly account of the infamous figure in Russian history. The reviewer, John GoodHffe, notes that Grigory Rasputin has inspired a plethora of sensational literature, with Colin Wilson previously stating that no existing work offers a sober depiction of his personality. Despite being labelled as a ""mad monk"" and mythologised in culture, Rasputin was neither mad, nor a monk, nor a lover of Empress Alexandra, the Tsarina of Russia. Instead, his historical impact is intertwined with legend and speculation. De Jonge's scholarly work attempts to penetrate the layers of myth, focusing on Rasputin's unexpected rise to political power in the last tumultuous months leading to the Russian Revolution. His influence stemmed primarily from his relationship with the Tsarina, driven by her belief in his mystic abilities to treat their son, Alexis, who suffered from haemophilia. De Jonge sets the stage by providing historical context about the significant socio-political divide in Russia, which many intellectuals, including Dostoevsky and Tolstoy, believed to be central to the nation’s problems. The early chapters of the biography explore Rasputin's humble origins and his potential connections with various religious sects, establishing his complex character and the spiritual climate of early 20th century Russia. De Jonge captures the atmosphere of pre-revolutionary Russia, highlighting the intrigue and corrupt politics of St Petersburg and Rasputin's interactions with the upper classes, including the ""Rasputinki,"" women captivated by his radical views. The book builds towards the notorious assassination attempt by Prince Felix Yusupov on 16 December 1916, emphasising the dramatic clash between Rasputin and Yusupov, which serves as a metaphor for the conflict within Russian society. De Jonge avoids sensationalism in recounting this climax, describing it with an undercurrent of absurdity that reflects the chaotic reality of the time. De Jonge, whose Russian heritage lends credibility to his research, employs an extensive range of sources and incorporates anecdotes that provide a blend of entertainment and scholarly depth. He concludes with an assessment of Rasputin as a remarkable figure, marked by unique abilities but lacking in intelligence and self-discipline, which ultimately rendered him unsuitable for the role he occupied. While acknowledging the persistence of Rasputin’s legendary status, de Jonge's biography represents a significant attempt to delineate fact from fiction regarding this enigmatic historical character, positioning it as a near-definitive work on Rasputin that is unlikely to be surpassed soon.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830108_2_104_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830108.2.104.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,410785200
7728,13,01,1983,"Church Membership Census Figures Fall (Press, 13 January 1983)","According to figures released from the 1981 census, membership of the four major churches in New Zealand - Anglican, Presbyterian, Catholic, and Methodist - experienced a significant decline of 8.9 per cent between 1976 and 1981, resulting in a loss of 190,496 members. The proportion of the total population represented by these churches decreased from 68.2 per cent in 1976 to 61.2 per cent in 1981. Conversely, the number of individuals identifying as ""Christian"" without a specific denomination nearly doubled from 52,478 in 1976 to 101,901 in 1981. Among the non-Christian religions, Hinduism emerged as the largest, with 6,078 followers, reflecting a growth of 16.8 per cent since 1976. The Hebrew faith saw a decrease in adherents from 3,921 in 1976 to 3,360 in 1981, making Buddhism, which had 3,693 followers and a notable increase of 55 per cent, the second-largest non-Christian religion in New Zealand. Additionally, the number of individuals opting not to disclose their religion rose to 473,115, comprising 14.9 per cent of the total population, up from 14 per cent in 1976. The census also highlighted demographic shifts, noting a decline in the population under the age of 25 by 58,699 (3.9 per cent) across the nation, while those in the four main denominations aged under 25 decreased by 156,303 (16.1 per cent). Specifically, the number of Catholics under 15 fell by 17.4 per cent from 166,247 to 137,349. Among the main churches, Anglicans and Methodists had the lowest proportions of adherents under 25, at 39 per cent and 39.5 per cent respectively, while the Ratana and Latter-Day Saints Churches reported the highest proportions at 63.3 per cent and 62.2 per cent, reflecting significant Māori representation. The census data indicated a greater number of females than males in the largest churches, whereas the opposite was true for ""non-religious"" responses. The Baptist Church was identified as the most urbanised, with 89.3 per cent of its members living in urban areas, closely followed by the Salvation Army. In geographic terms, Anglicans were prominent on the East Coast and in various regions, while Presbyterians dominated in Otago and Southland, and Catholics were strongest in Westland. Despite the statistical trends, church leaders in Auckland contested the accuracy of the census figures, arguing that they did not adequately represent church attendance or commitment levels. The Rt Rev. Godfrey Wilson of the Anglican diocese emphasised that the focus should be on the quality of life of believers rather than mere numbers. Echoing this sentiment, the Rt Rev. Ernest Simmons from the Catholic diocese attributed the decline in membership to society's growing resistance towards institutions rather than a rejection of religious beliefs. The Rev. James Gunn from the Presbyterian Church noted a cultural shift where individuals no longer felt the need to affiliate with a religious denomination, while the Rev. Edmund Grounds from the Methodist Church observed stable attendance amidst a drop in membership percentages.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830113_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830113.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,411217200
5165,13,01,1983,"The Lost Children: Desperate Effects Of... (Press, 13 January 1983)","A report published on 13 January 1983 highlights the alarming increase in the number of homeless, abandoned, and abused children in American cities, a situation worsened by soaring unemployment rates, which have reached 11 million people. As parents lose their jobs and homes, many children are pushed out onto the streets, with a significant number resorting to prostitution for survival. In Los Angeles alone, police estimate around 4,000 abandoned or runaway children roam the city streets each night. Shelters struggle to accommodate the influx, with many children left to fend for themselves in abandoned buildings or living under freeway bridges, termed “freeway trolls.” The situation is dire in New York City as well, where officials estimate about 20,000 children live on the streets, often alongside their jobless parents who are part of the nation's “new poor.” These families are living in decrepit vehicles, shelters, or even in the tunnels of the subway system. Child welfare organisations are overwhelmed as the number of cases of neglect and abuse rises, exacerbated by the stress and hopelessness of the economic climate. In some instances, parents are abandoning their children to welfare agencies out of despair. Cases of acute neglect and abuse are surfacing across various cities. For instance, hospitals in Chicago report unprecedented cases of water intoxication in babies, resulting from parents diluting infant food to stretch their resources. In San Francisco, statistics indicate a troubling increase in severe child abuse, with some incidents involving very young children. Increased unemployment has been closely linked to rising rates of child abuse, as families grapple with extreme stress and economic strain. In states like Oregon, child abuse cases surged by 46 per cent in a year, with social service workers highlighting the connection between joblessness, family stress, and increased violence against children. As federal and local funding for welfare programmes dwindle, vulnerable families face escalating challenges. Experts stress the urgency of addressing these issues to prevent further degradation of living conditions for these children. Public sentiment is often unfavourable towards government intervention, with reports of vigilante groups in Houston forcibly evicting homeless families and laws in places like Phoenix criminalising the act of lying down in public spaces. The article underscores a growing societal desensitisation to human suffering, with many viewing the homeless as burdens rather than individuals in need of support. Without significant changes in government support and community attitudes, the prospects for these vulnerable children remain grim as they navigate life on the streets amidst increasing violence, neglect, and societal abandonment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830113_2_106_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830113.2.106.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,411217200
5166,19,01,1983,"Homosexual Adopts Boy Aged 17 (Press, 19 January 1983)","David Frater, a 29-year-old homosexual man from Riverside, California, has achieved what is believed to be the first legal adoption by an openly homosexual individual in the United States, marking a significant milestone for the LGBTQ+ community. On 18 December 1982, Frater was granted permission by Judge George Grover to adopt a 17-year-old boy named Kevin, who will carry Frater's surname. This decision comes after a prolonged two-year application process, during which Frater faced various challenges and scrutiny due to his sexual orientation. Frater's journey towards fatherhood began two years prior when he recognised the emptiness in his life and sought to adopt. His situation is particularly noteworthy as it represents a shift towards greater acceptance and rights for homosexuals in family dynamics. Frater views the success of his adoption as a personal victory as well as a significant achievement for the gay community, demonstrating that sexual preference is merely one aspect of a person's identity and does not determine their capability as a parent. Historically, those in the LGBTQ+ community seeking to adopt often concealed their orientation, fearing it would hinder their chances. However, the Frater case sets a new precedent as Tim Sweeney, executive director of the Lambda Legal Defence and Educational Fund, noted that this instance marks the first successful legal record for a homosexual adoptive parent in court. The case challenges prevalent stereotypes, particularly the unfounded fears surrounding child molestation often directed at gay men. Frater, a marketing specialist who lives with his mother, Irma, articulated his desire to build a family after years of being a surrogate big brother to neighbourhood children. In the adoption, he chose a teenager as he felt it would balance the demands of parenthood with his professional responsibilities. Kevin, who had previously lived unhappily in 14 foster homes, expressed contentment with his new living situation and stated that Frater’s sexual orientation did not concern him. Kevin described their relationship positively, appreciating Frater's support for his personal interests. The significance of this adoption is further amplified by recent trends in the broader LGBTQ+ movement. In December 1982, the San Francisco County supervisors also attempted to pass a law granting partnership rights to homosexuals akin to those enjoyed by married couples, although this initiative was ultimately vetoed by Mayor Dianne Feinstein, who deemed it too vague. Frater’s experience with the Riverside County Department of Public Social Services during the adoption approval process was fraught with delays and challenges. He claimed to have faced harassment and a series of psychological evaluations for him and his household members, which he attributed to the discovery of his sexual orientation after an anonymous tip. Overall, the successful adoption by David Frater stands as both a personal triumph and a pivotal moment in the ongoing struggle for LGBTQ+ rights in the United States, signalling progress in the fight against discrimination and societal stereotypes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830119_2_68_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830119.2.68.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,411735600
5167,19,01,1983,"Missing Children: New Clues (Press, 19 January 1983)","A new lead regarding the case of Etan Patz, a six-year-old boy who went missing in New York City on May 25, 1979, has raised concerns about an underground organisation of paedophiles in the United States. This group, known as the North American Man-Boy Love Association (N.A.M.B.L.A.), claims a membership of thousands and allegedly has connections with similar groups in Europe. Recently, N.A.M.B.L.A. representatives held press conferences in New York and Boston, asserting that they had no involvement in the kidnapping of Patz and identifying themselves as a civil rights organisation for homosexual men advocating against laws prohibiting sexual relationships with minors. The renewed interest in Patz's case was prompted by a police raid in Wareham, Massachusetts, where officers discovered two men, David Groat and Brett Portman, apprehended with two boys aged 16 and 17. Both men were arrested and face indecent assault charges. During the raid, authorities found over 1,000 photographs, including some of minors unclothed, at the Portman family's summer home. Portman's lawyer argued that most of the images were akin to art found in publications, asserting that N.A.M.B.L.A. is a non-violent group active for a few years without any illegal activities noted. The investigation into the two men began while authorities sought a 13-year-old New Jersey boy missing since November. They traced a phone number found with that boy to the cottage. Multiple sightings of men and boys at the location prompted the police raid. While no evidence of the New Jersey boy was found, among the photographs was one resembling what Etan Patz would now look like at age ten. When this picture was shared in New York newspapers, a taxi driver reported a recollection of a man and a child fitting Patz's description on the day he disappeared. This taxi driver, initially hesitant to come forward due to fears of publicity, recalled transporting a man and a boy from the corner where Patz should have been waiting for his school bus. The man instructed the driver to take them uptown, and upon the child's outcry about not going the right way, the man exited the cab unexpectedly. Although New York police later suggested that the N.A.M.B.L.A. photograph was likely not of Patz, they found the taxi driver's account credible. Further developments revealed that the New Jersey boy was eventually located at a house in Vermont connected to N.A.M.B.L.A. He was observed with a new wristwatch, raising concerns about the nature of his circumstances, given that his father was unemployed. District Attorney William O'Malley, involved in prosecuting Groat and Portman, commented on the group's operations, indicating they lure children into remote locations and transport them across the country. Disturbingly, O'Malley noted that many children who go missing—totaling approximately 50,000 annually—are never found; this includes 4,000 to 5,000 who return home, and an equivalent number found deceased.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830119_2_83_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830119.2.83.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,411735600
5168,27,01,1983,"Mr Moyle Out Of Leadership Contest (Press, 27 January 1983)","On 27 January 1983, former Minister of Agriculture Mr C. J. Moyle announced he would not be contesting the Labour Party leadership, confirming a three-way contest for the position. Last year, Mr Moyle had hinted at a potential candidacy, citing a surge of support from his colleagues. At 51, he has a long political history, first being elected to Parliament in 1963. His resignation in 1977 followed a scandal related to a police incident regarding allegations of homosexual activities, which were later investigated by a Commission of Inquiry that found inconsistencies in his accounts. Mr Moyle, who represents Hunua and has been a strong ally of the current party leader, Mr Rowling, expressed that while he would step back from the leadership bid, he hadn’t ruled out the possibility of vying for the deputy leadership. In the race for party leadership, a former Deputy Prime Minister, Mr R. J. Tizard, publicly declared his intention to run, while Mr C. R. Marshall, MP for Wanganui, had already indicated his candidacy. The current deputy leader, Mr Lange, is also expected to be in the running though he has yet to make an official announcement. Mrs Ann Hercus, MP for Lyttelton, is the sole candidate to have openly declared her intention to seek the deputy leadership. There is a prevailing sentiment within Parliament that a South Island member should occupy the deputy position, especially if Mr Lange, who is from Mangere, is seen as a strong candidate for the leadership. However, Mr Moyle has contested the notion that geographical representation should dictate the leadership structure, insisting that the appointees should reflect the support and capabilities of the candidates rather than their region. Mr Moyle maintained he had received considerable backing from both the Labour Party and the public, reflecting his continuing influence despite his past controversies. He returned to Parliament in the 1982 election, winning against the incumbent National Party candidate, Mr W. R. Peters. As discussions about leadership roles intensify, the focus is placed on the dynamics within the party and the potential implications for its future direction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830127_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830127.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,412426800
5169,28,01,1983,"Actor Still Without An Equal (Press, 28 January 1983)","Laurence Olivier, at 75 years old, continues to demonstrate his remarkable talent and versatility rather than settling into retirement. He recently recorded a television performance of Shakespeare's ""King Lear,"" which is expected to be a defining moment in a career that has been unparalleled in acting history. Throughout his extensive career, Olivier has mastered the most prominent roles in Shakespeare, including Hamlet, Lear, Othello, and Macbeth, and he has developed new characters such as Archie Rice in ""The Entertainer."" Additionally, he served as the first director of the National Theatre in Britain from 1963 to 1973 and has appeared in notable films. His achievements include directing three adaptations of Shakespeare plays and being honoured with an electric locomotive named after him. Olivier attributes his success to a ""craze for versatility,"" showcasing an extraordinary ability to adapt physically and emotionally to different roles. His performances have ranged from a sensual Othello to a dispassionate architect in Ibsen's ""The Master Builder."" Achieving such diverse portrayals requires immense dedication; prior to playing Othello, for instance, he engaged in rigorous training that included gym workouts and extensive voice coaching. Moreover, his creative intelligence allows him to uncover new interpretations of characters, ensuring each performance is unique and deeply impactful. Critics have noted Olivier's ability to blend tragedy with dark humour, commenting on his adept use of irony in roles like Richard III and Macbeth. His comedic skills shine through in ""The Entertainer,"" where he portrays the complexities of decline while entertaining the audience. Olivier's performances also often display a hint of sexual ambiguity, lending depth to his characters. Described as the leading figure in theatre, Olivier’s impressive memory aids him in recalling past characters and experiences, which he weaves into his current portrayals. Despite his public achievements, Olivier’s personal life has been marked by turmoil, as detailed in his autobiography. His reflections on life point to themes of struggle, love, and sacrifice, which he conveys through his craft. His exceptional technique, blending emotion and intellect, elevates him above his peers. As he continues to thrive in his profession, Olivier's legacy as a seminal actor remains intact, with critics praising his bold and innovative contributions to the performing arts. His ability to encapsulate the full spectrum of human experience—illustrated through the highs and lows of existence—cements his reputation as one of the greatest actors of all time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830128_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830128.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,412513200
5170,09,02,1983,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 9 February 1983)","On 9 February 1983, Bob Hawke took a decisive step in his political career by preemptively declaring himself the new leader of the Australian Labour Party. His announcement came before formal confirmation from his colleagues, as he sent a telegram to New Zealand's Labour Party leader, David Lange, congratulating him on his leadership. In the telegram, dated 7 February, Hawke expressed excitement about their simultaneous leadership roles and the potential for close cooperation between their parties. In other news, John Mortimer, known for his discontent regarding Television New Zealand's censorship of ""Brideshead Revisited,"" received recognition for his work. He was awarded by the American Gay Artists’ Association for his sensitive portrayal of a homosexual relationship in 1982, specifically the friendship between the characters Charles and Sebastian. Technological innovation has found its way into personal hobbies as well. Dr John Hawley, who heads the National Soil Conservation Research Centre, has begun using a desktop computer to prepare for a piano recital after a 16-year hiatus. His computer features a built-in speaker capable of producing musical notes and can act as a sophisticated metronome, allowing him to practice difficult segments repeatedly. In Australia, the introduction of random breath testing in New South Wales has significantly decreased drunk driving incidents, but it has also had unforeseen consequences on alcohol consumption. Reports indicate that beer sales have plummeted by 30 percent, leading to aggressive pricing strategies among major breweries, which have started selling beer below cost and causing financial strain on independent retailers. A peculiar device aimed at dieters has emerged from the United States. It is a refrigerator alarm system that emits the sounds of pigs eating when the fridge is opened, designed to deter midnight snacking. Lastly, in New Zealand, the Macfarlane clan is preparing for its first gathering in Christchurch this Sunday. Clan members are encouraged to register with a US-based society that is researching their ancestry. Andrew Macfarlane, representing the society, has reached out to potential members via ""The Press,"" and the event is being coordinated by local clan representatives. They are on a mission to strengthen connections and perhaps identify a clan chief.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830209_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830209.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,413550000
6913,16,02,1983,"Jail For Robbery (Press, 16 February 1983)","On 16 February 1983, Anthony Marlow, a 17-year-old sickness beneficiary, was sentenced to 12 months in jail and placed on probation for aggravated robbery after appearing in the High Court at Auckland. Marlow had pleaded guilty to committing a robbery at knife-point against a 15-year-old attendant at the Parnell Baths on 17 January 1983. During the court proceedings, Marlow's counsel, Mr P. Recordon, highlighted the numerous issues his client faced, including a history of sexual assault by his stepfather, which contributed to his current circumstances. Marlow is also reported to be homeless and identifies as a transvestite.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830216_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830216.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,414154800
7026,17,02,1983,"Kiwi Down-and-outs In Sydney Love Their Tess (Press, 17 February 1983)","On 17 February 1983, a report highlighted the struggles faced by many New Zealanders living in Sydney. The investigation, conducted by Ken Coates, unveiled alarming conditions in which some Kiwis have resorted to crime, prostitution, and drug use, while others endure homelessness, sleeping on beaches and in shop doorways. While earlier accounts may have exaggerated the situation, Coates discovered that significant issues do exist among New Zealand expatriates. At the heart of the response to these troubles is Therese K. Lim, known as Tess, a unique social worker who operates out of Sydney’s Kings Cross, a notorious area for vice and drugs. Tess uses unconventional methods, often working in bars and nightclubs, and she dresses in eye-catching attire that reflects her vibrant personality. Lacking formal qualifications in social work, Tess relies on her life experiences to understand and aid those in need. Her history includes a varied past involving running nightclubs and working as a drover’s cook, before dedicating her life to helping others, particularly immigrants and the downtrodden. Around four years prior to the article, Tess, alongside Father J.K. O'Reilly, established the Metta Foundation, focusing on helping refugees and New Zealanders facing hardship. Metta began receiving an increasing number of requests for assistance from Kiwis, who were more often than not grappling with unemployment and various social issues. Every case in their files revealed the severity of the problems New Zealanders face, including joblessness and lack of access to healthcare. Although the foundation does not have ample financial support, the small government grant it receives is barely sufficient for operational costs. Tess and her team provide crucial services such as accompanying offenders to court and assisting them in finding jobs and housing. Some Kiwis are temporarily welcomed into her home to avoid more dire living conditions. Despite efforts to help, Tess has encountered individuals who betray her trust, underscoring the difficulties inherent in her work. The article notes that Tess believes the New Zealand government has a role to play in providing support for its citizens abroad, especially considering the unique challenges they face, such as the six-month wait to access unemployment benefits in Australia. The report drew attention to concerns from organisations like the Wayside Chapel, where many New Zealanders in distress seek assistance. Its director, Bill Crews, confirmed that a considerable number of individuals arriving in Sydney find themselves without resources or safe places to stay. Overall, the findings from Tess and Ken Coates imply that while some representations of the plight of New Zealanders in Sydney may lack accuracy, the fundamental issues of poverty, social dislocation, and drug-related crime among this community are genuine and require urgent attention from both local and New Zealand authorities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830217_2_125_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830217.2.125.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,414241200
5171,18,02,1983,"Lesbian Mother Gets Custody (Press, 18 February 1983)","On 18 February 1983, England's Court of Appeal delivered a significant ruling concerning the custody of two young sisters, aged seven and eight, which concluded that they would benefit from living with their lesbian mother and her female partner rather than with their father and his new wife. The decision was issued by Mr Justice Ormrod and Lord Justice Eveleigh, emphasising the stability of the children's living situation with their mother. The court noted that the mother had established a “practising homosexual” lifestyle, spending much of her time with her partner and sharing intimacy as part of their relationship. Welfare officers involved in the case indicated that the girls were likely to have a more stable and supportive life with their mother, who they expressed a desire to live with. Mr Justice Ormrod asserted that while a parent's sexual orientation could be a consideration in custody matters, it should not automatically disqualify them from being granted care and control of their children. He acknowledged that homosexual relationships might typically be perceived as less stable than heterosexual ones, yet he maintained that this factor should not outweigh the overall welfare of the children. This ruling upheld a previous decision made by a judge at Bath County Court in December 1982, who concluded that the custody arrangement should favour the mother after initially determining in 1980 that the children were to be raised in what was described as an ""ordinary household."" The court's latest decision highlighted a shift in perspective regarding the rights of homosexual parents in custody disputes, reflecting evolving social attitudes at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830218_2_66_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830218.2.66.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,414327600
7097,18,02,1983,"The ‘girls’ And ‘boys’ Who Work Around The... (Press, 18 February 1983)","The article highlights the state of prostitution in Sydney's King's Cross area in 1983, revealing the involvement of New Zealanders and the challenges faced by sex workers. The Sydney police noted increasing participation from Kiwis in the local sex trade. The working conditions for many women in this area are described as dire, with several engaged in drug addiction, particularly heroin, which can cost as much as $600 daily to maintain. The narrative centres on a social worker named Tess Lim, who aims to assist these women, including Julie, a New Zealand sex worker aiming to travel to Europe. Julie earns $50 per transaction, but takes home only $20 after the parlour cut. Other encounters include Sadie, a former nightclub owner who manages a parlour for a New Zealander and remarks on the prevalence of heroin dependence among the workers. Tess interacts with various individuals, including Karen, a young woman struggling with drug issues, and Brian, a 17-year-old Maori boy working in male prostitution. Conversations reveal the despair and lack of options faced by these individuals, with many feeling trapped in their circumstances. The article also touches on the broader implications of local policing, citing a past incident where law enforcement raided a gay club in error, leading to arrests that sparked concerns over civil rights and safety among the LGBTQ+ community. Paul, a leader in the local gay community, expresses his frustration over police actions. As Tess navigates the streets, she points out that some of the sex workers are extremely young, highlighting the vulnerability of those involved. Her concern for the youth involved in prostitution is palpable, notably in her interactions with a 13-year-old girl named Cerina, who expressed a lack of desire to return to New Zealand. Detective-Sergeant John Ellsworthy, head of the Sydney vice squad, contributes insight on the demographics of sex workers, noting a notable presence of Maori individuals among drag queens and those struggling with addiction. He clarifies the limited legal framework governing prostitution in New South Wales and outlines the statistics concerning active prostitutes and parlours in Sydney. The police department's reputation is depicted as tarnished, with references to corruption and allegations of officers engaging in drug-related activities. However, there are assurances that reports of misconduct are taken seriously, with ongoing investigations leading to some convictions. The piece starkly portrays the challenges and societal issues entwined with the sex trade in King's Cross, emphasising the need for support and reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830218_2_97_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830218.2.97.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,414327600
5172,22,02,1983,"Love Scene Too Early (Press, 22 February 1983)","On 22 February 1983, the Broadcasting Tribunal announced its decision regarding a complaint filed by the Society for the Protection of Community Standards concerning a segment from the ""Closeup"" television programme. Broadcast on 28 July 1982, the segment included a homosexual love scene that aired shortly after 8 p.m. The society argued that the programme did not reflect standards generally acceptable in the community and lacked significant alternative viewpoints, notably the absence of mainstream church leaders and a lawyer presenting opposing perspectives on homosexual law reform. While the broadcasting corporation defended the programme, suggesting it maintained a reasonable balance, the tribunal concluded that the specific love scene was unnecessary to the overall content and deemed it inappropriate for broadcasting before 8:30 p.m. The tribunal upheld the complaint regarding the viewing hour but did not agree with the allegation concerning the balance of the programme's content. They noted that the period of public interest in the topic had not yet passed but acknowledged that ""the need for some balance cannot be put aside indefinitely."" In entertainment news, the popular series ""CHiPs"" was set to return on Two, featuring Erik Estrada reprising his role as Officer Francis ""Ponch"" Poncharello. Estrada expressed excitement for the new season, highlighting his expanded role as a training officer for new rookie highway patrol officers. Tom Reilly, a former professional football player and model, was cast as Estrada's new partner, having secured the role from over 2000 applicants. His background as a skilled motorcycle rider also aided in his selection. Additionally, Tina Gayle joined the cast as Officer Kathleen Linahan, and Bruce Penhal, a twice World Champion Motorcycle Speedway Racer, took on the role of Officer Bruce Nelson, brother to Reilly’s character. The new season promised to showcase different dynamics and responsibilities among the characters while maintaining its signature excitement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830222_2_101_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830222.2.101.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,414673200
5174,24,02,1983,"Accused Insane—witnesses (Press, 24 February 1983)","On 24 February 1983, in Palmerston North, two psychiatrists testified in the trial of Lawrence John Moana Clark, a 25-year-old man accused of murder, claiming that he was insane at the time of the crime. Professor Reginald Medlicott and Dr Sidney Pugmire presented their findings to a High Court jury, asserting that Clark had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and lived much of his life in a state of delusion. Professor Medlicott, a consultant psychiatrist associated with Lake Alice and Porirua hospitals, stated that Clark was incapable of living safely in the community and that his condition required long-term hospitalisation. He suggested that Clark was unlikely to be released from care in the foreseeable future. The accused has pleaded not guilty to the charged mutilation murder of Jack Robert Scales, a 60-year-old retired council groundsman, which occurred in a hotel toilet on 5 November 1982. The psychiatrists described Clark’s mental state as severely disordered, with Professor Medlicott explaining that he could not comprehend the moral implications of his actions during the incident. Medlicott indicated that the behaviour exhibited by Clark was not a mere fit of rage but rather a manifestation of deeply troubled and ritualistic conduct. He elaborated on Clark's long-standing issues, detailing how since his early teenage years, the defendant had experienced hallucinations involving spirit entities that he believed influenced his actions. Clark's background was further explored by Professor Medlicott, who noted that he had never attained full independent functioning due to his mental illness. His personal development was marked as ""grossly abnormal,"" linked to his schizophrenia, which included disturbing hallucinations and violent thoughts. The professor also pointed out that Clark had exhibited a particular fixation on eyeball removal, recalling an incident several months prior where Clark attempted to gouge out a young woman's eye during a confrontation. Overall, the trial is ongoing, with a focus on examining the psychological state of the accused and the implications of his mental health issues on the events surrounding the murder. The testimonies of the psychiatrists aim to provide insight into Clark’s mindset and behaviour, potentially influencing the jury’s understanding of his culpability in the crime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830224_2_115_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830224.2.115.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,414846000
5173,24,02,1983,"Man Jailed (Press, 24 February 1983)","On 24 February 1983, Lawrence John Moana Clark, a 26-year-old unemployed man, was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of 60-year-old Jack Robert Scales at the Ambassador Hotel in Palmerston North on 5 November 1982. The court described the attack as ""extraordinarily savage,"" highlighting the brutal nature of the crime. During the trial, evidence was presented that Clark, who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia, killed Scales following a verbal confrontation in which Scales allegedly abused him regarding his homosexual tendencies. The jury deliberated for just over four hours before finding Clark guilty of murder. Despite his mental health issues, the severity of the attack, which included strangulation and the gouging out of Scales' eyes, led to the life sentence imposed by the judge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830224_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830224.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,414846000
6914,04,03,1983,"Bail Opposed — ‘fear Of Transvestite Violence (Press, 4 March 1983)","Two individuals are facing charges in relation to a stabbing incident that occurred in a house on Peterborough Street last month. They have opted for their cases to be heard by a jury. The primary defendant, Desmond Wayne Macdonald, 29 years old and unemployed, is charged with intentionally causing grievous bodily harm to a woman named Gina Parata. Macdonald is also known by the name Sybil Jayne Damon. A bail application was heard in chambers by Judge McAloon, but Macdonald was remanded in custody and is set to appear again on 11 March 1983. Bail was opposed by Sergeant McCormick due to concerns that Macdonald might perpetrate further violence against the city's transvestite community. The second individual, Graham Andrew Billings, also aged 29, was granted bail and is scheduled to appear for depositions on 27 April 1983. His bail amount was set at $1500, and he has been instructed to report daily to the police. Billings is accused of suppressing evidence concerning Macdonald’s wounding of Gina Parata, thus allowing Macdonald to evade arrest. These proceedings have raised serious concerns regarding public safety and the nature of the crimes committed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830304_2_32_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830304.2.32.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,415537200
5175,05,03,1983,"Gays Acknowledge Queen, Too (Press, 5 March 1983)","On 5 March 1983, San Francisco hosted various events coinciding with the Queen's visit that highlighted the city's diverse and often contentious spirit. One of the most notable events was a ""Royal Family look-alike"" contest held at The Elephant Walk, a gay bar located in a less glamorous district of the city. The event was complemented by performances from Charles Pierce, who entertained crowds at the York Hotel with his impersonations of the Queen. Additionally, the Rev. Cecil Williams, the pastor of Glide Memorial Church, distributed vibrant dinner jackets to 600 homeless individuals to allow them to participate in an ""alternative dinner."" This event was aimed at contrasting the high-cost Royal dinner with a more modest meal of hot dogs and salad, reflecting the disparity between the lavish feast prepared for the Queen—featuring delicacies like scallop, salmon, lobster, and specially made strawberry dessert—and the simpler fare usually consumed by the less fortunate. The Queen's visit spurred a significant protest in San Francisco, where a coalition of organisations rallied against British policy in Northern Ireland, among other issues. The massive demonstration saw participation from a variety of groups, including the city's large gay community, which took offense at the dismissal of a homosexual detective in the Queen’s service the previous year. Other groups, such as the All Peoples Congress and the Grey Panthers, joined in, resulting in a diverse protest that expressed multiple grievances. Thousands of demonstrators gathered in Golden Gate Park carrying anti-British signs and an effigy of U.S. President Ronald Reagan, with some chants focusing on economic inequality. A lengthy procession of protesters marched near the venue of the official state dinner, advocating for various causes, while riot police monitored the situation. Despite the potential for a larger turnout, the number of protesters was fewer than anticipated. The state dinner, hosted at the M. H. De Young Memorial Museum—which underwent significant refurbishment for the event—invited more than 200 guests, showcasing the formality of the occasion amid the backdrop of protest. Earlier in the day, the Queen engaged with the local culture, attending a zany revue and visiting the electronics sector of ""Silicon Valley."" The Royal couple was serenaded at the Davies Symphony Hall by renowned singer Tony Bennett, who performed “I Left My Heart in San Francisco,” alongside Mary Martin. Thus, San Francisco's celebration of the Royal visit was marked by extravagance but also by the city's characteristic activism, reflecting its complex social landscape and the diverse voices within it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830305_2_71_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830305.2.71.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,415623600
7430,15,03,1983,"Red Light Recession In New York (Press, 15 March 1983)","A recent report from W. J. Weatherby in ‘The Guardian’ highlights the struggles faced by prostitutes on New York's Eighth Avenue amidst a severe recession. On a snowy night, the economic downturn had led to desperate measures, with some women aggressively pursuing passersby in hopes of securing clients. As police appeared, there was a remarkable scene of numerous women fleeing into nearby side streets to evade arrest, reminiscent of birds escaping a predator. The recession has resulted in a significant decline in business, with reports indicating profits have plummeted by as much as 50 per cent, although exact figures are hard to establish due to the nature of the profession. This downturn has led to an increase in the number of sex workers, as women facing unemployment or financial strain have entered the industry. Among these newcomers are individuals like a housewife from Long Island and a university student, both of whom have thus far managed to work independently despite attempts by pimps to recruit them. The report notes a demographic shift among sex workers on the streets, with young women from upstate New York and a rise in Spanish-speaking prostitutes, many of whom are recent immigrants from South America. They often resort to prostitution after failing to find other employment, paralleling the experiences of their counterparts from rural areas in the South. Despite the societal resistance towards prostitution in the United States, the industry operates in a grey area, tolerated by law enforcement while being condemned by politicians. Many aspects of the business have moved indoors under police consent, including peep shows and massage parlours, yet revenue has also declined sharply over the past year. Prostitutes from other cities like Detroit and Chicago have also flocked to New York in search of work, only to find similar challenges. Those involved in the more organised side of the business, including pimps, have also felt the impact of the recession. An example cited is a pimp from Mississippi, known as “Black Ice,” who has had to take a conventional job as a cashier and bouncer due to decreased income and increased costs associated with his sex workers’ health and legal troubles. There’s also been a notable change in the racial composition of street prostitutes, with a rise in white women joining the ranks typically occupied by black and Hispanic workers. This demographic shift is reflected in both outdoor and indoor settings, where, in some cases, more white women are present than their black counterparts. Ultimately, the pressures of the recession have exacerbated the already difficult lives of sex workers. There has been a worrying rise in health issues and psychiatric needs among these women, tied to the financial strain of their circumstances. Concerns about technological advancements—such as the availability of sex dolls and devices—have also emerged, leading to fears that the industry may further decline. The observations in Weatherby’s report paint a bleak picture of the complexities surrounding prostitution, highlighting the economic desperation that drives many into this profession while illustrating the societal challenges they face both from law enforcement and changing industry dynamics. The image of prostitutes fleeing from police captures a broader narrative of individuals trapped in a cycle from which they struggle to escape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830315_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830315.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,416491200
6677,16,03,1983,"London Local Body Backs Women (Press, 16 March 1983)","The Greater London Council (GLC) has officially launched a Women’s Committee aimed at advocating for the interests of women in London. Established in early 1982 with an initial budget exceeding £500,000 and a dedicated staff of eight, this committee operates out of County Hall. The committee's creation has garnered attention, particularly following the visit of Sir Hamish and Lady Hay, Mayor and Mayoress of Christchurch, who expressed their fascination with the initiative as part of their insights into women’s issues. Lady Hay, chair of the Canterbury Regional Women’s Decade Committee, emphasises the necessity for government at all levels to embrace the unique contributions women can make. The committee is predominantly supported by the Labour Party, which aims to prioritise grassroots involvement in decision-making, echoing concerns raised during the International Women’s Decade that took place in Copenhagen in 1980 regarding women's progress. Valerie Wise, a Labour councillor, chairs the 19-member committee, which includes both male and female councillors, ensuring representation from various perspectives, including those of Conservative women. Additionally, eight co-opted members represent minority groups such as ethnic minorities, disabled women, and lesbian women. The committee’s structure allows for regular meetings and has set up various working sub-groups focused on critical areas like employment, childcare, planning, and education. The committee is working on a “Programme for Women in London” which seeks to address the distinct needs of women across multiple sectors, ensuring that any programmes developed do not reinforce existing male privilege. Wise argues the urgent need for targeted programmes as each sector must incorporate measures to support women explicitly. Among its 1982/83 goals, the Women’s Committee aims to promote equal opportunities within the council's services and among employers throughout Greater London. They plan to require firms receiving financial assistance from the council to provide full equality of opportunity for women. A major conference on equal opportunities is in the works for later in the year, alongside a previous conference addressing 'Women, Immigration and Nationality.' The committee has allocated funding to various women’s organisations, including £75,000 for four Women’s Centres, and has initiated projects like a pilot scheme for safe transport for women in Lewisham, as well as a survey on reproductive health services. They also support events related to International Women’s Day and have been in dialogue with the English Collective of Prostitutes regarding police harassment issues. The committee's broader concerns encompass themes of peace, power, and racism, aligning with its pledge to confront these issues within British politics. In a significant activist move, the committee's Peace sub-committee has arranged transportation for women to participate in anti-nuclear protests at Greenham Common. Wise highlights that the distribution of power and economic resources is a root cause of conflict, emphasizing that a just peace must integrate women's needs and voices to be genuinely effective.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830316_2_60_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830316.2.60.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,416577600
7858,17,03,1983,"Nude Calendars 'educational’ (Press, 17 March 1983)","On 17 March 1983, the Auckland District Court heard a case regarding the ""Greystone Illustrated 1983"" male nude calendars, which are being contested by the Lawrence Publishing Company, Ltd. The calendars are under scrutiny for alleged indecency under the Indecent Publications Act of 1963, with the Customs Department seeking their forfeiture. Judge Blackwood reserved his decision on the matter until 11 April 1983. Michael Ruffin, representing the Customs Department, argued that the key issue before the court was whether the calendars could be classified as indecent. The defence presented its case through Dr Aloma Colgan, a psychologist who had completed a thesis on the impact of explicit sex-related materials on human sexual behaviour. Dr Colgan provided her expert opinion, stating that societal attitudes towards nudity had evolved significantly over the past 20 to 25 years. She indicated that the naked human body was no longer viewed as a taboo or mystery, especially in family contexts. Dr Colgan suggested that while someone unfamiliar with nudity might find a reaction of surprise or shock to the calendars, the educational and beneficial effects of such exposure were likely to outweigh any potential harm. She emphasised that the photographs were not likely to cause injury and asserted that the dominant aspect of the calendars was the aesthetic representation of the male form, presented in an artistic manner with high-quality photography. During cross-examination, Dr Colgan reiterated her view that the calendars served an artistic purpose, aiming to display the male form in a visually appealing way. Brett Shepherd, a director and shareholder of the Lawrence Publishing Company, also provided testimony affirming that the decision to import the calendars was made after careful consideration of prior rulings from the Indecent Publications Tribunal regarding male frontal nudity. The outcome of the case remains pending, as Judge Blackwood considers the evidence and arguments presented by both sides. The resulting decision will determine the fate of the calendars and the implications for the definition of indecency in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830317_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830317.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,416664000
6678,17,03,1983,"View Of Women’s Decade Gloomy (Press, 17 March 1983)","During a regional meeting held in Ashburton on 12 and 13 March 1983, the National Council of Women (N.C.W.) focused on the critical issue of women's underrepresentation in decision-making bodies, both in New Zealand and globally. This marked the N.C.W.'s inaugural regional gathering, with plans for further meetings across the nation. Key speakers, including Dorothea Horsman, the national president of the N.C.W., and Laurie Salas, a vice-president, expressed concerns over the grim progress of the International Women’s Decade. They highlighted that women’s priorities often differ from those of men, leading to their issues being disregarded by male leaders, thereby necessitating a more balanced representation. Horsman noted a recent count of appointments indicating 202 men compared to 117 women, acknowledging an improvement yet emphasizing the continued disparity in representation. Salas, who participated in the Women's International League of Peace and Freedom conference in New York, reiterated the message on the lack of women's involvement in decision-making processes, stressing that women have historically been denied opportunities to influence critical societal developments. In local initiatives, the regional N.C.W. branches have been actively assessing lead levels in their communities, with significant findings in Woodend and Rangiora. In Rangiora, dangerous lead levels prompted local authorities to take action. Schools were encouraged to participate in lead testing, facilitated by a project led by Barbara Spurr. The branches also focus on supporting women in the workforce by running a Part-Time Work Centre, offering paid work opportunities for women at home. They are involved in various community lobbying efforts, including advocating for accessible post office services for the disabled. Additionally, the Waimate branch has expanded its long-standing program supporting young mothers in distress to now include aid for the elderly, showcasing the growing engagement and continuity of women's support initiatives. The meeting included various workshops and activities aimed at health, wellness, and empowerment for women, underlining a commitment to fostering a supportive environment for women across different domains.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830317_2_80_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830317.2.80.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,416664000
5176,21,03,1983,"Transvestite Comedy (Press, 21 March 1983)","“Tootsie,” directed by Sydney Pollack and featuring a screenplay by Larry Gelbart and Murray Schisgal, has been received positively by audiences, particularly women, who seem to connect deeply with the film. The story revolves around Dustin Hoffman, who plays a desperate young actor named Michael Dorsey. In a bid to secure a job, he adopts the persona of a woman named Dorothy Michaels to land a role in a TV hospital soap opera after his girlfriend, played by Teri Garr, feels too insecure to take on the part herself. The film’s premise generates a wealth of comic scenarios, which Hoffman and Pollack exploit to great effect, suggesting themes exploring gender roles and identity. This exploration aligns with Hoffman’s search for scripts that delve into what it means to be a man or a woman, similar to his previous work in “Kramer vs Kramer.” Through the character of Dorothy, Hoffman not only takes on a female role but also experiences a personal evolution, which could be likened to Carl Jung’s theories of anima and animus. While some may find parallels with Al Pacino's character in “Cruising,” where a man explores a different sexuality, it is important to note that “Tootsie” is ultimately a farcical comedy, reminiscent of classics such as “Some Like It Hot.” Despite its implausible plot, which hinges on the absurdity of a man successfully portraying a woman, Hoffman’s performance ensures that it remains engaging for viewers. The film garnered an enthusiastic response from audiences at two screenings shortly before its public release, highlighting its appeal. The supporting cast strengthens the film, particularly Jessica Lange, who plays an actress in the soap opera and develops a close friendship with Hoffman’s character. Lange, known for serious roles in films like “The Postman Always Rings Twice” and “Frances,” successfully embraces the comedic elements of her character, enhancing the film’s narrative. Her character is portrayed as a talented actress grappling with personal challenges, such as being a single mother and dealing with a male-chauvinist director who is also her lover. Teri Garr delivers a charming performance as Hoffman's other girlfriend, adding to the film's comedic elements, while Bill Murray plays his flatmate, though his character isn’t as fully developed, reflecting potential weaknesses in the script. The film reportedly underwent several creative changes during production, with eight writers and multiple directors contributing to its final form, which may explain any inconsistencies in character development. Overall, “Tootsie” stands out as a noteworthy comedic film, combining strong performances with a humorous exploration of gender and identity, while also enjoying broad audience appeal, particularly among women. It has the potential to resonate with a wide demographic, including older viewers, while providing a light-hearted take on serious topics surrounding gender roles in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830321_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830321.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,417009600
5177,23,03,1983,"The Press Wednesday, March 23, 1983. Changing The... (Press, 23 March 1983)","On 23 March 1983, The Press published an article addressing the complex issues surrounding the investigation and prosecution of rape in New Zealand. The article highlighted the legal and societal dimensions of rape, marking it as one of the most serious crimes with a maximum penalty of 14 years imprisonment. Rape presents unique challenges for law enforcement as it often relies heavily on the conflicting testimonies of the victim and the accused, leading to difficulties in establishing the truth of the allegations. The text pointed out that the nature of rape poses a significant threat to women, as the vast majority of offenders are male. Consequently, some community groups have linked rape to broader societal attitudes about gender, complicating the understanding of the offence within a wider sexual and cultural context. Lawmakers have struggled to address these complexities, often resulting in a cautious approach to prosecutions due to the severe consequences of a rape conviction. Research from the Institute of Criminology at Victoria University of Wellington, released by Minister of Justice Mr McLay, aimed to identify legal changes that could alleviate the difficulties faced by rape victims within the criminal justice system. The study suggested reforms intended to lessen the trauma for victims when interacting with the police and during court proceedings, which could also encourage more victims to report incidents of rape, potentially leading to higher conviction rates. Efforts to improve the treatment of rape victims by police and support agencies have been acknowledged, as well as the need for police training to foster a more supportive environment during interviews. Despite this, the article indicated that concerns remain about frivolous allegations, influenced by factors such as alcohol and the complexities of consent in intimate relationships. One of the major discussions in the report revolves around the possibility of allowing wives to file rape charges against their husbands, which currently is not permitted. While this change addresses an inconsistency in the law—where partners can file charges but married individuals cannot—it raises concerns about potential misuse of the law, such as using accusations for blackmail or revenge. The challenges of proving a claim in situations where corroborative evidence is scarce are also highlighted. The article compares New Zealand's legal framework with reforms in some U.S. states and Australia, where offences related to sexual assault have been reorganised into various degrees of severity, removing a husband’s immunity from prosecution. This new approach has had mixed success, often still grappling with evidence requirements. In the context of marriage law reforms in New Zealand aimed at protecting potentially vulnerable parties, the discussion indicates a need for a similar approach to rape legislation. However, it emphasizes that issues of guilt and fault must still underpin rape cases, as the community seeks to prevent and adequately punish such offences. The proposed changes in the report call for thorough examination, though it acknowledges the difficulty in achieving consensus on a perfect legal framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830323_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830323.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,417182400
5178,24,03,1983,"Four Civil Servants In Sex Scandal’ (Press, 24 March 1983)","On 24 March 1983, a scandal involving civil servants from the Northern Ireland Office was brought to light during a debate in the Northern Ireland Assembly. This was the first public discussion of the issue in two years, prompted by allegations surrounding the Kincora boys' home in Belfast. John Cushnahan, Chief Whip of the Alliance Party, highlighted the involvement of four senior civil servants, up to the rank of Under Secretary, in relation to the scandal. The Kincora home, which has since closed, was the site of serious allegations as three housemasters were convicted for sexually abusing the boys entrusted to their care. As the scandal evolved, a police report examining the matter was under review by the Director of Public Prosecutions, while a second report from Sussex Chief Constable Sir George Terry into the incident and possible cover-up from the early 1970s was still being prepared. Cushnahan expressed concern in the assembly regarding the perceived slow progress and lack of transparency surrounding the investigation, suggesting it might indicate a cover-up at high levels of government. He urged Northern Ireland Secretary James Prior to establish a date for a full judicial inquiry to scrutinise the scandal comprehensively. He stated, “The public is entitled to know the roles of those involved,” emphasizing that the inquiry must also look into the actions of the Royal Ulster Constabulary regarding the repeated reports of suspicious activities at Kincora, which had been allegedly ignored on six occasions. Cushnahan particularly stressed the troubling existence of a homosexual vice ring connected to the Kincora home, raising serious concerns about the safety and well-being of the boys in care at the institution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830324_2_81_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830324.2.81.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,417268800
6679,24,03,1983,"Old ‘penthouse’ Issues Banned (Press, 24 March 1983)","On 24 March 1983, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand issued a ban on seven specific issues of the American edition of ""Penthouse"" from 1982 as well as the January 1983 issue. Additionally, five issues from 1982, along with the February and March 1983 editions, were deemed indecent for individuals under the age of 18. Some of these publications had already been sold in New Zealand prior to the tribunal's ruling. In its judgment, the tribunal, led by Chairman Judge Willis, provided guidance on the likely future classification of new issues of ""Penthouse."" The tribunal indicated that forthcoming editions would probably be classified as indecent if they included specific content, such as scenes featuring more than two models, particularly those containing elements of sex and violence, intimacy, or deviant sexual behaviour among the models. It also noted that multiple model scenes depicting lesbian acts or heterosexual scenarios showing a significant degree of intimacy—like oral sex or intercourse—would likely fall under the indecent classification. Moreover, the tribunal rejected an application from the Customs Department seeking to impose an age restriction of 18 for ""Penthouse"" for the next two years, suggesting a more stringent view towards the content of the magazine had been established in line with community standards and values regarding indecency.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830324_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830324.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,417268800
5179,26,03,1983,"On A Streetcar Named Success (Press, 26 March 1983)","Thomas Lanier Williams, known as Tennessee Williams, was a distinguished American playwright, celebrated for his contributions to American theatre after Eugene O’Neill's era. Born in 1914 in Columbus, Mississippi, Williams’ upbringing in the Deep South profoundly influenced his works, steering him away from O’Neill’s style and toward a more poetic representation of human experience, focusing on sexual rather than racial divisions. His literature delved deeply into themes of love and human connection, with a frank exploration of his homosexual identity, even when such openness was career-risking. Initially struggling in his career, Williams’ breakthrough came with “The Glass Menagerie” in 1945, echoing the loneliness and lost love of the Depression era. Following this success, his acclaimed play “A Streetcar Named Desire” helped solidify his status, allowing him to become a central figure on Broadway alongside new stars like Marlon Brando. This play embodied key themes of his work, exploring the tensions in human nature. Over the next decade, Williams produced numerous hits like “Sweet Bird of Youth” and “Cat on a Hot Tin Roof,” blending poetry and melodrama in innovative ways, many of which were adapted into Hollywood films. However, after “Streetcar,” the quality of his work started to wane, gradually leaning toward melodrama. Controversial pieces such as “Suddenly, Last Summer” and “Baby Doll” attracted backlash but also drew audiences, further elevating his fame. By this time, Williams had become a millionaire and a pop culture icon, often seen in the company of celebrities. Yet, this success came with personal tolls. As Broadway began to embrace newer voices, his later works floundered, leading to a downward spiral marked by mental health struggles, substance abuse, and a nervous breakdown. Despite attempts to rejuvenate his writing and explore his complex identity through autobiographical works, he struggled to recapture his earlier creative vitality. Ultimately, although Williams contributed significantly to American literature and theatre, he encountered challenges of relevance, caught between the revolutionary impact of his past works and the realities of a changing cultural landscape. Despite these difficulties, his legacy was marked by moments of brilliance that defined American drama. His imaginative portrayal of complicated human emotions and relationships ensured his place as one of the most important playwrights in American history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830326_2_94_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830326.2.94.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,417441600
5180,26,03,1983,"Reflections On Lambeth (Press, 26 March 1983)","""Canterbury Crossroads,"" authored by Anglican clergyman John H. Evans, and published by New Horizon in 1982, presents a detailed account of the 1978 Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops, drawing from Evans's unique experience at the event in a journalistic capacity. The book is recognised for its clarity and thorough documentation, building upon Evans's previous works including a biography of Bishop Selwyn and a history of the Dunedin diocese. The book primarily focuses on the resolutions passed at the 1978 conference, though some of these sections are noted to be overly dense. The author makes clear that the interpretations provided are his own, revealing a significant personal agenda. He expresses a preference for fostering relationships with Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox churches over Protestants and holds strong views against the ordination of women and the potential of a female bishop. Additionally, he critiques what he perceives as the politicisation of Christianity and categorises homosexuality as a ""sickness."" Despite his strong opinions, Evans manages to deliver a generally balanced account of the conference. He believes that it marked a pivotal ""crossroads"" for Anglicanism, arguing that it revealed blurred lines of authority within the church and highlighted the necessity for a reaffirmation of episcopal authority through collaborative council and consultation among bishops. However, he does not provide extensive analysis on how this view interacts with the emerging ""constitutional episcopacy"" in New Zealand and other contexts, which presents a noticeable gap in the book aimed at Anglicans, particularly in New Zealand. While the narrative succeeds in succinctly describing the conference, it struggles with a limited focus. For example, the discussion on the ordination of women largely confines itself to ecclesiastical perspectives, omitting broader societal changes, women's aspirations, and the feminist movement. When addressing the issue of authority—central to Evans's argument—the text remains ensnared in a restrictive ecclesiastical environment, failing to consider the impact of the democratisation trends affecting various institutions, including churches. Notably, the author's discomfort with the prospect of a woman bishop arises from concerns of potential disunity, yet he overlooks historical examples of male bishops who have also been sources of division. Overall, while ""Canterbury Crossroads"" raises pertinent issues for Anglicans, it tends to simplify complex matters and narrows the available solutions by exploring them within an ecclesiastical vacuum. The result is an account that, while commendably succinct, feels truncated and lacking in a broader contextual understanding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830326_2_94_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830326.2.94.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,417441600
6680,15,04,1983,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 15 April 1983)","Members of the New Zealand Prison Service are set to receive their Queen’s medals, which were established during the Royal Visit in 1981. The striking of these sterling silver medals by the Royal Mint faced delays due to the Falklands conflict, which required prioritisation of South Atlantic Medals. The New Zealand Prison Service Medals will be awarded to those who have served 14 years continuously. Featuring the Queen's effigy, the reverse side bears the St Edward’s Crown with the inscription “New Zealand Prison Service—for long service and good conduct.” Prior to this, from 1901 to 1976, members had received an unofficial medal similar to that of the police force, which lacked official recognition. On another note, a report by the Association of Commonwealth Universities highlights how everyday actions can lead to significant calorie burn. It mentions that people in sedentary jobs might be surprised to learn that various activities can consume hundreds of calories. Examples include ""making mountains out of molehills,"" which burns 500 calories per hour, while ""running around in circles"" can burn 350 calories. Other amusing activities listed include ""jumping to conclusions"" (100 calories) and ""pushing your luck"" (250 calories). St Peter's Anglican Church in Church Corner is celebrating its 125th anniversary this year, with a special service planned for Sunday at 9:30 a.m. Additionally, there will be a display of old photographs and memorabilia for attendees to enjoy after the service. In a lighter story, a woman from Northamptonshire, Mrs Jean Eisenhauer, purchased an Ashburton-made spinning wheel wrapped in pages of an old edition of “The Press.” Intrigued by the newspaper, even though it was a year out of date, she has sought a New Zealand pen-friend through a letter to the editor. She is a working wife in her thirties and a mother of three. The spinning wheel she bought is part of the 200,000 manufactured by Ashford Handicrafts, which exports a large portion of its production to various countries. In the United States, Captain Dusty Pruitt, a member of the Army Reserve, has filed a lawsuit against the Defence Department and the Army after being suspended for admitting her sexuality as a lesbian. The 36-year-old, who has been in service since 1971, was previously set for promotion to major before the suspension followed her interview with the “Los Angeles Times,” where she spoke about her role as a preacher in a gay church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830415_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830415.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,419169600
7098,22,04,1983,"Air N.Z. Courts Gays (Press, 22 April 1983)","Air New Zealand is actively targeting the homosexual community for travel between the United States and the South Pacific, as stated by Mr John Semone, the airline's district sales manager in San Francisco. In comments made on 22 April 1983, Semone outlined the airline's plans to develop a series of programmes specifically aimed at engaging the gay community, citing its affluence and significance within the San Francisco locale. He noted the partnership between San Francisco and Sydney as sister cities and recognised Sydney's strong and vibrant gay community, which presents a promising market for their services. As Air New Zealand pivots towards this niche market, the airline's competitors, Qantas and Continental, are also beginning to take notice and have reached out to Mark Tours, a travel agency that specifically caters to homosexual clients. This indicates a growing recognition of the potential that targeting the gay market holds for travel organisations. Mr Semone highlighted that Air New Zealand has already made strides in this direction, pointing to the airline's initiative to fly Harry Britt, a noted gay supervisor on the San Francisco City Council, to Sydney earlier in February for its annual gay mardi gras festival. This event showcases the airline's commitment to connecting with the LGBTQ+ community and promoting inclusivity within its travel offerings. Overall, Air New Zealand's actions demonstrate its proactive approach in leveraging the socio-economic dynamics of the gay community to expand its customer base, particularly in the context of trans-Pacific travel between the United States and Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830422_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830422.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,419774400
6915,23,04,1983,"Adventures Below Stairs (Press, 23 April 1983)","The article by David Burton reflects on the Midland Hotel in Wellington, which was established in 1915 and regarded as the city's grandest hotel. The hotel featured luxurious amenities for its time, including hot and cold running water and electric radiators in each room. It hosted notable figures such as W. Somerset Maugham, who commented on the English feel of New Zealand during his stay there. However, by the 1970s, when Burton began working at the hotel as a third cook, it was evidently aging, with faded decor and tarnished silver. During his early days in the kitchen, Burton felt inexperienced and intimidated by the second cook, who was skilled but abrasive. He vividly describes emulating the second cook's movements in a manner akin to a choreographed performance. Burton shares a recipe for a salad he learned that day, highlighting the importance of presentation in cold buffet luncheons, which were remnants of the hotel's former splendour. In addition to the salad, he provides a recipe for Pressed Oxtongue with Cumberland Sauce, detailing the preparation process and ingredients required, showcasing the elaborate cooking expected in the hotel's kitchen. The article paints a picture of a vibrant but dysfunctional kitchen environment, complete with a fourth cook who had a troubled past and two transvestite kitchenhands, one impressively convincing and the other less so. The dynamics among the kitchen staff were marked by humour and conflict, especially between the second cook and one of the transvestite kitchenhands. The piece concludes with a humorous anecdote about the kitchen chief's clumsy reaction to a spat between the second cook and the transvestite staff member, demonstrating the chaotic yet entertaining atmosphere of hotel kitchens in that era. Burton's reflections offer a nostalgic glimpse into a significant institution in Wellington's history, capturing both its grandeur and the colourful personalities that worked within its kitchens.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830423_2_80_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830423.2.80.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,419860800
5181,26,04,1983,"Outcry Over Killer’s Parole (Press, 26 April 1983)","William Archie Fain has spent 16 years in prison for murder and rape and was expecting to be released in April 1983 after receiving favourable assessments from the parole board, psychiatrists, and the California Supreme Court. However, California Governor George Deukmejian intervened, citing public outcry against Fain's release. Deukmejian, who was elected on a law-and-order platform, invoked a rare legal provision that enables him to block parole for convicted felons if there is significant public opposition. Fain, 37, was convicted in 1967 for the murder of a 17-year-old and the rape of three women. While he was initially sentenced to death, this was later commuted to a life sentence, and he became eligible for parole in January 1982. Despite receiving denials from prison authorities, Fain's legal team successfully challenged these decisions in court. Just before his scheduled release, Deukmejian set up a two-judge panel of his selection to reassess Fain’s case, both judges having a reputation for supporting harsher penalties. The intervention by Governor Deukmejian created controversy, with some viewing it as an affront to the judicial system. Critics, including dissenting lawmakers, accused him of overstepping his authority and disregarding the rule of law. Fain’s lawyer, Robert Bell, argued that Deukmejian's actions amounted to frontier justice and sought relief from the Supreme Court, claiming that the Governor was acting outside his jurisdiction. The issue became particularly heated in San Francisco, where the local Board of Supervisors and the influential gay community expressed concern about the Governor's motivations. They raised fears about whether similar actions would be taken regarding other high-profile cases, such as that of Dan White, who had killed the city’s Mayor and the first openly gay Supervisor. California's parole system has faced scrutiny in light of Proposition 8, a voter-approved measure that expanded anticrime legislation and had drawn national attention. This proposition includes various reforms aimed at victims' rights and tougher sentencing, contributing to the growing conversation about crime and punishment in America. The public's response has been driven by a broader fear of crime, with notable figures like President Reagan proposing anti-crime packages that echo the sentiments of Proposition 8. Legal experts have pointed out that most released murderers do not reoffend, and the focus on parole is primarily economic due to the significant costs associated with incarceration. Parole serves as a means to alleviate overcrowding in prisons, making it a practical alternative rather than purely a punitive measure or a rehabilitative approach. The situation surrounding Fain's case appears to tap into larger societal debates over crime, justice, and the role of public opinion in judicial decisions, marking a pivotal moment for the Californian legal system and potentially influencing national policies around parole and criminal justice reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830426_2_87_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830426.2.87.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,420120000
5182,26,04,1983,"Soaring Of The Spirit (Press, 26 April 1983)","The film ""She Dances Alone,"" directed by Robert Dornhelm and featuring a screenplay by Paul Davids, is presented as a compelling documentary-like exploration of Kyra Nijinsky, the daughter of the renowned Russian ballet dancer Vaslav Nijinsky. Released in 1983, the film initially aimed to focus on Vaslav's legacy, but after contacting Kyra, Dornhelm found her story equally, if not more, captivating. This unexpected turn highlights the relationship between the filmmaker and his subject, as they navigate Kyra's complex personality, which embodies both vulnerability and strength. Vaslav Nijinsky, celebrated for his exceptional talent in ballet, experienced tremendous highs and devastating lows during his life, spending his final years in mental institutions. He rose to prominence in the early 20th century, becoming a central figure in the world of ballet under the influence of impresario Serge Diaghilev. The film delves into Nijinsky's struggles with his identity and relationships, suggesting that he may not have been inherently homosexual but was rather influenced by the constraints around him, notably in his tumultuous relationship with Diaghilev. The narrative shifts to Kyra, who offers insights into her father's psyche, expressing her struggle to accept his madness. She quotes Vaslav, lamenting the ""pain in [his] soul,"" and reflects on his mystical experiences. Unlike her father, Kyra appears grounded, exhibiting a vibrant personality that infuses life into the documentary. Despite her substantial build, her dancing evokes a sense of grace and nostalgia, reminiscent of her younger, renowned dancing days. Kyra's past includes a brief marriage and a successful career as a choreographer, with considerable time spent in Florence before eventually relocating to the US in 1956. Her deep-rooted spirituality led her to join the Franciscan order in 1960, highlighting her multifaceted identity beyond her lineage. The film also features notable performances, including that of Patrick Dupond, a modern dance star, who represents Nijinsky's essence. Ultimately, ""She Dances Alone"" is described not as a tragic tale but as an uplifting exploration of art, identity, and familial bonds, inviting audiences to appreciate the nuances of its characters and their legacies. In a related note, there was a correction regarding a previous review of the Oscar Awards by a marketing director responding to concerns about the timing of Louis Gossett Jr.'s win for best supporting actor. Moodabe clarified that the tradition dictates specific award announcements, debunking the suggestion that Gossett's early win was influenced by his race. This correction underlines the importance of tradition and context within award ceremonies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830426_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830426.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,420120000
5184,28,04,1983,"A Meeting Of Mates (Press, 28 April 1983)","""Partners,"" a comedy film starring Ryan O’Neal and John Hurt, is set to premiere at the Academy on 29 April 1983. The film explores themes surrounding homosexual situations and issues, a recurring theme in cinema over the past ten months. The storyline follows Detective Sergeant Benson, portrayed by O’Neal, who is depicted as a charming and composed ladies' man. In contrast, Hurt plays Fred Kerwin, a records and identification policeman who is a ""closet gay"" struggling with his identity. The plot is catalysed by the murder of a young man who had modelled for a magazine entitled ""Man’s Man."" The film's humour emerges from the two main characters being unwitting participants in a complicated game, as they navigate their respective lives and confront the unfolding mystery. Audiences are invited to piece together the narrative as the story unfolds, with an emphasis on the characters' differing perspectives and personal challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830428_2_115_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830428.2.115.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,420292800
5183,28,04,1983,"Radicals Fail To Oust Mayor (Press, 28 April 1983)","On 28 April 1983, San Francisco Mayor Dianne Feinstein was on track for a decisive victory in a referendum aimed at removing her from office, which had been initiated by radical groups and discontented homosexuals. Preliminary counts showed that with two-thirds of the votes tallied, Feinstein had garnered 93,383 votes in her favour, while only 19,287 supported her dismissal, giving the Mayor an impressive majority of more than six-to-one. The push to oust Feinstein originated from the White Panthers, a radical political group established during the anti-Vietnam War era of the 1960s. The group successfully gathered over 35,000 signatures to provoke the referendum in response to Feinstein’s advocacy for a bill banning handguns within the city. They accused her of conducting a tyrannical campaign against the constitutional right to bear arms. However, the California Court of Appeals later ruled the handgun ban invalid. Significantly, the referendum also received substantial backing from segments of the homosexual community, largely dissatisfied with Feinstein's decision to veto a proposed ""live-in lovers"" law. This legislation aimed to provide health insurance benefits to same-sex partners and other unmarried couples, similar to those offered to married couples of city employees. The combination of opposition from the White Panthers and the gay community underscored the challenging political environment faced by Feinstein at the time. Ultimately, as the vote totals indicated a strong preference to retain her as Mayor, Feinstein’s controversial policies and the reactions they provoked highlighted the tensions in San Francisco's sociopolitical landscape during the early 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830428_2_81_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830428.2.81.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,420292800
5185,11,05,1983,"‘Gay Plague5 Coming? (Press, 11 May 1983)","AIDS, or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, is posing a potential threat in Australia and New Zealand, according to health officials following the confirmation of a case in Sydney. The disease, associated primarily with homosexuals and drug users, was first identified in the United States in 1979 and has since claimed around 40 per cent of those diagnosed, with survival rates dropping sharply after two years. In Sydney, a confirmed case was reported in an American immigrant at St Vincent’s Hospital, with other suspected cases also being monitored. Although New Zealand has not reported any AIDS cases at this time, health officials predict that the disease is likely to cross the Tasman Sea eventually. In response, New Zealand's Health Department has begun informing doctors about the symptoms of AIDS and encouraging them to report any suspected cases to the authorities immediately. Symptoms include persistent fevers, weight loss, rectal bleeding, enlarged lymph nodes, skin eruptions, various cancers, and a rare form of pneumonia. The condition signifies a breakdown in immune response, which exposes victims to a range of serious illnesses. The demographic most affected in the United States comprises predominantly homosexual men, followed by intravenous drug users, Haitian immigrants, and haemophiliacs. The concern is particularly acute in relation to blood transfusions due to the potential for AIDS transmission from infected donors. In March 1983, the American Red Cross and the National Haemophiliac Society began implementing screening measures at blood donation centres, advising that active homosexuals should refrain from donating to mitigate risks. In Australia, the Red Cross has similarly requested active male homosexuals to abstain from blood donation due to the risk of AIDS. The response from the homosexual community has included accusations that such warnings are alarmist, and they argue that a definitive link between AIDS and blood transfusions has yet to be established. Nonetheless, with the proximity of Sydney to New Zealand and the frequent travel of New Zealand homosexuals to Sydney, health officials in New Zealand are taking precautions. Currently, AIDS is not classified as a notifiable disease in New Zealand, but discussions on this topic are scheduled for a Health Department meeting in June. Dr. Campbell Begg of the Health Department expressed the anticipation that AIDS would eventually reach New Zealand and highlighted the importance of being informed and prepared. The evolving situation is being closely monitored, and health officials are committed to remaining updated on international developments regarding AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830511_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830511.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,421416000
6681,02,06,1983,"Room At Top For Women? (Press, 2 June 1983)","On 2 June 1983, the focus of women's issues in New Zealand was highlighted through various events and initiatives. A significant meeting will take place on 14 June, featuring Danna Glendining, chairwoman of the Women’s Appointment File, organised by the National Organisation for Women. This meeting will address the challenges women face in securing appointments to official bodies and provide attendees with knowledge from Glendining, who is an advocate for women’s advancement in fields such as agriculture and electoral representation. In relation to social concerns, Tracey Smith from the Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA) will be available in Christchurch from 7 to 10 June to gather insights on rape and sexual violence. She is preparing for a National Conference for Women on Violence, scheduled for September, and is keen to hear from individuals about their experiences to inform policy recommendations to the Minister of Justice. Sonja Davies, vice-president of the Federation of Labour, is seeking women’s testimonies about occupational health hazards in their workplaces, aiming to address issues that may not be covered by current legislation. She encourages women to share specific health concerns related to their jobs, citing examples like dermatitis in hairdressers. A campaign aimed at child safety has introduced bright orange stickers warning children about potential molesters, encouraging them to report inappropriate behaviour to trusted adults. Research presented by health researcher Verna Braden indicates alarming smoking rates among young women in Christchurch, with 60% of 18 and 19-year-olds and 50% of those aged 20 to 24 being smokers. The study also linked smoking with a higher incidence of health issues, such as irregular periods, mental health problems, and lifestyle challenges. Braden is looking for stories from ex-smokers about their quitting journeys. The Regional Women’s Decade Committee is hosting a discussion on women artists on 15 June, encouraging reflection on historical participation of women in the arts. Additionally, Danna Glendining will be meeting with women on Banks Peninsula on 13 June and addressing farming women on 14 June. Notable appointments include Robyn Grigg and Heather Little being named to the Lincoln College Farmers' Conference Committee and Roz Heinz becoming the first woman on the National Advisory Committee on Transition from School to Working Life. A comprehensive guide to establishing community groups has been released by the Department of Internal Affairs, aimed at both prospective and existing organisations. Feminists for Life have also released a pamphlet for teenagers focusing on the consequences of irresponsible sexual behaviour. Lastly, the Pan Pacific and South East Asian Women’s Association successfully raised over $1,500 at a recent luncheon to support an Indian hospital, signalling ongoing community engagement and support for international health initiatives. As Community Education Week approaches (6 to 12 June), various educational courses are being offered, fostering societal change among participants.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830602_2_63_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830602.2.63.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,423316800
5186,07,06,1983,"A.I.D.S Virus Link (Press, 7 June 1983)","On 7 June 1983, a report emerged from Sydney concerning Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which is linked to approximately 500 deaths. Jane Teas, an American researcher from Harvard School of Public Health, suggested in a letter published in the April issue of the medical journal ""Lancet"" that there might be a connection between AIDS and a human strain of the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV). Teas highlighted the significant similarities in geography, symptoms, and timing between Haitian cases of ASFV and those of AIDS, indicating that these parallels warrant further investigation. AIDS remains a perplexing disease for medical researchers due to its pronounced prevalence among homosexual men. The disease is characterised by a prolonged incubation period, potentially lasting up to three years, during which no symptoms may manifest. However, once contracted, it can lead to sudden, severe infections that compromise the body’s natural defence mechanisms. Consequently, sufferers become vulnerable to various infections, acutely pneumonia, and certain tumours. In Australia, four suspected cases of AIDS have been reported, one of which remains unverified. Teas pointed out that approximately 75% of individuals diagnosed with AIDS were male homosexuals, while the remaining 25% included individuals who had received blood donations, intravenous drug users, infants of known or suspected AIDS patients, or people from Haiti. Teas drew an intriguing parallel between the emergence of AIDS in Haiti in 1978 and the first noted occurrence of African Swine Fever Virus in the same location in 1979. Although ASFV has not previously been known to infect humans, Teas posited that the strain present in Haiti could potentially be different, necessitating closer examination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830607_2_65_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830607.2.65.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,423748800
5187,07,06,1983,"Blood Ban (Press, 7 June 1983)","On 7 June 1983, it was reported that a national ban has been recommended in Australia on the collection of blood from promiscuous homosexual or bisexual men. This recommendation aims to minimise the risk of spreading Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in blood transfusion centres. The decision follows concerns from both medical professionals and patients regarding the potential transmission of AIDS through blood transfusions. At the time, four individuals in Australia were suspected of having AIDS, with one case remaining unconfirmed. The move reflects the heightened awareness and fear surrounding the disease as it begins to emerge within the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830607_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830607.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,423748800
6682,13,06,1983,"The Demon Lover Latches On ... (Press, 13 June 1983)","On 13 June 1983, a review of the horror film ""The Entity,"" directed by Sidney Furie and written by Frank DeFelitta, discusses its themes and execution. The film’s premise revolves around a young woman named Carla (played by Barbara Hershey), who experiences disturbing encounters with an incubus that sexually assaults her. The narrative is reportedly based on actual events that took place in Los Angeles in October 1976, but by the time of the film, Carla has relocated to Texas, where the supernatural incidents continue. The film grapples with themes of sexual repression and psychological distress, blending horror with elements of psychological thriller. The review highlights the skepticism surrounding Carla's claims, even as she presents evidence of her ordeal, which includes physical injuries to her son and chaotic disturbances in her home, such as flying furniture. While special effects provide a visual treat with phenomena such as blue lightning and invisible assaults, the critic notes that the film lacks a plausible explanation for these occurrences, opting to leave such mysteries unresolved. The reviewer expresses doubts about the film's commercial success, suggesting that its lengthy runtime detracts from the overall impact. Similar to other horror films that attempt to tackle supernatural events with a scientific lens, ""The Entity"" may face audience disillusionment due to its objective approach to a subjective experience. Despite these criticisms, the film is acknowledged for its strong performances and earnest attempt to address its outlandish subject matter seriously. In a brief mention, the review also touches upon ""Silent Rage,"" which features Chuck Norris as a small-town sheriff confronting a virtually indestructible bionic creature. The critic initially expresses reluctance to view this film, as it largely fits into the martial arts genre, which they typically avoid. However, ""Silent Rage"" is deemed more akin to classic horror narratives, with Norris's character eventually engaging in thrilling confrontations with the creature, despite similar pacing issues as noted in ""The Entity."" Overall, both films are assessed as belonging to the horror genre, though the review implies that they face challenges in pacing and narrative closure that may affect their reception. ""The Entity"" stands out for its strong acting and serious consideration of its bizarre premise, while ""Silent Rage"" is noted for its action elements and a mix of intrigue and pathos.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830613_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830613.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,424267200
5189,21,06,1983,"Million-dollar Attack On Aids (Press, 21 June 1983)","In San Francisco, officials from various sectors, including politicians, public health leaders, and representatives from the city’s significant homosexual community, are grappling with growing public concern around AIDS, a disease that has claimed 72 lives and poses a threat to many others. First identified in Los Angeles in 1981, the disease is generating considerable anxiety as the city prepares for the Lesbian-Gay Freedom Day celebrations on June 26, 1983, which will attract approximately 250,000 attendees, many from other countries. Authorities are working to inform visitors of the risks associated with their behaviours, as AIDS presents a puzzling and lethal challenge. Since its emergence in 1979, AIDS, or ""acquired immune deficiency syndrome,"" has remained without a known cause or cure. The disease shows a particular vulnerability in homosexuals, but it has also impacted Haitian immigrants, hemophiliacs, and intravenous drug users, indicating that various groups, including those without clear identification, are affected. Out of more than 1,500 cases reported in the United States since the disease's initial identification, New York and San Francisco account for about 50% and 25% of these cases, respectively. AIDS severely undermines the body’s defence mechanisms against several types of cancer and other serious illnesses, suggesting it may be a virus spread via body fluids. The number of reported cases is alarmingly accelerating, with instances doubling every six months. The rapid growth has heightened public anxiety, especially in areas like Los Angeles, resulting in extensive media coverage. In response to this health crisis, San Francisco's public health director has mandated that gay bathhouses display warnings and distribute educational materials about AIDS's dangers. Additionally, emergency responders, including police and firefighters, are now equipped with protective gear for situations involving resuscitation. Blood transfusion services are also taking significant precautions to guard against potential contamination. Despite the ongoing efforts and investment of millions by federal, state, and local governments to understand the disease, the continued loss of life and increasing infection rates highlight the urgent need for effective measures against this still poorly understood affliction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830621_2_107_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830621.2.107.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,424958400
5188,21,06,1983,"The Nightmare Disease (Press, 21 June 1983)","The spread of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) has become a significant concern in California, drastically affecting the lives of homosexuals and others deemed at risk. On 21 June 1983, a march in Los Angeles drew around 5,000 participants demanding increased government funding for A.I.D.S. research and treatment. The disease reportedly affects homosexual individuals at a rate of two to one compared to others. As fear surrounding the disease grows, measures have been implemented, including the issuance of disposable gloves and face masks to San Francisco police officers responding to suspected cases. Nursing staff in Los Angeles have expressed reluctance to care for A.I.D.S. patients unless assured of their safety. Health officials, including Dr. Martin Finn, highlighted that A.I.D.S. victims face rejection from both their families and healthcare workers. Fears of contracting the disease have led to a decline in patrons at gay bars in San Francisco and the closure of several bathhouses and clubs that once thrived in the community. Statistics from the U.S. Center for Disease Control in Atlanta reveal that out of 1,453 diagnosed A.I.D.S. cases in the country, 558 patients have succumbed to the disease, most within two years of being diagnosed. Medical professionals understand that A.I.D.S. severely compromises the immune system, often resulting in infections and cancers. Most victims identified so far are male homosexuals, with other affected groups including drug users, Haitian immigrants, and individuals with haemophilia. Despite ongoing research for over two years, the medical community is still uncertain about the disease's cause or potential cures. The Assistant Secretary for Health, Dr. Edward Brandt, has affirmed that addressing A.I.D.S. is a top priority for the Department of Health and Human Services, which plans to allocate US$14.5 million for further investigation in the current year. However, the ongoing challenges in managing the disease are evident, especially in major centres like Los Angeles and San Francisco. Local health hotlines are inundated with calls from concerned citizens inquiring about the transmission of the disease, although health officials, including Dr. Shirley Fannin, clarify that A.I.D.S. is primarily spread through blood or sexual contact, not casual encounters, such as using public transport. In a notable incident, two San Francisco police officers cautioned against hosting a Democratic Party convention in the city due to fears of A.I.D.S. transmission, leading to public health officials' intervention to educate them about the disease. As the annual gay freedom day parade approaches, expected to attract more than 200,000 participants, organisers plan to advocate for increased government funding for A.I.D.S. research and distribute educational material on reducing infection risk, demonstrating a community effort to combat the crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830621_2_76_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830621.2.76.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,424958400
5190,25,06,1983,"U.S. Blood Imports To Be Halted (Press, 25 June 1983)","On 25 June 1983, the Epidemiology Advisory Committee in New Zealand recommended a suspension of blood imports from the United States due to concerns about the potentially fatal AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). The committee advised that AIDS should be designated as a notifiable disease to improve monitoring and response to its spread. They urged the Health Department to urgently seek alternative sources for imported blood concentrate that is necessary for transfusions in patients with specific blood disorders, as the disease poses a significant risk. AIDS, which is known to diminish the body's immune system and often leads to death, was initially reported in homosexual communities in the United States before spreading to Europe and Australia. It primarily affects homosexuals and drug users, although a small number of haemophiliacs—who require regular blood transfusions—have also contracted the disease. Consequently, New Zealand's blood transfusion centres have already implemented measures advising homosexuals and intravenous drug users to refrain from donating blood. Dr Campbell Begg, the director of health promotion at the Health Department, stated that until more information is available about the disease and its transmission risks, exploring alternative blood supply sources is crucial. He noted that while the likelihood of transmitting AIDS through a transfusion is low, there have been documented cases in the United States. The committee's recommendation for AIDS to be classified as a notifiable disease is taken seriously, and the Health Department plans to pursue an Order-in-Council to formalise this status. Additionally, doctors are being prompted to report any suspected cases of the disease to enhance surveillance and public health response.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830625_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830625.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,425304000
5192,28,06,1983,"A.I.D.S. Toll Now 1641 (Press, 28 June 1983)","In a report published on 28 June 1983, ""Time"" magazine highlighted the severe impact of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the United States. Since its identification in 1981, the disease has affected at least 1,641 individuals, resulting in 644 deaths. The report noted that there has been an average of 165 new cases each month. New York City stands out with the highest number of cases, documenting 732 instances and 284 fatalities. Other major cities with significant case numbers include San Francisco and Los Angeles. Additionally, 17 other countries have reported a total of 122 cases. The U.S. Health Department has earmarked $4 million for AIDS research this year and expressed the need for an additional $2 million. In response to the growing crisis, a special AIDS task force has been established at the Atlanta-based Centres for Disease Control (CDC). The report pointed out demographic trends among the reported cases, indicating that 75.9 per cent of those affected are predominantly active homosexual men, while 16 per cent are intravenous drug users, 5 per cent are Haitian immigrants, and 1 per cent have haemophilia. CDC director William Foege remarked that the typical AIDS patient has had around 60 different sexual partners in the past year, underscoring the promiscuity associated with the disease's spread.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830628_2_70_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830628.2.70.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,425563200
5191,28,06,1983,"Untitled (Press, 28 June 1983)","On 28 June 1983, the annual Gay Freedom Day parade in San Francisco was notably led by twenty-five individuals afflicted with A.I.D.S., a disease that has significantly impacted the homosexual community in the United States. The group linked hands in a show of solidarity and resilience as they marched through the city, drawing attention to the ongoing health crisis affecting many in the LGBTQ+ community. The event highlighted both the challenges faced by those suffering from A.I.D.S. and the broader struggles for gay rights and visibility during a time when the epidemic was front and centre in public discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830628_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830628.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,425563200
5193,30,06,1983,"M.P. Calls For Isolation Of Gays (Press, 30 June 1983)","The Rev. Fred Nile has urged the Australian Federal Government to impose quarantine measures on homosexuals returning from the annual Gay Freedom Day parade in San Francisco. On 30 June 1983, Nile, who is a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council and director of the Festival of Light, claimed that an estimated 1,200 Australians participated in the event, which attracted around 300,000 attendees. Nile expressed concerns regarding the potential spread of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (A.I.D.S.), a disease that has been linked predominantly to homosexuals, intravenous drug users, Haitians, and haemophiliacs, constituting over 94 per cent of its victims in the United States. In a series of urgent telexes sent to Immigration Minister Stewart West and Health Minister Neal Blewett, Nile called for medical testing for A.I.D.S. and suggested that homosexuality was at the ""eye of the storm"" regarding the epidemic. He expressed his belief that it would be unlikely for at least one of these individuals to return with the disease and echoed concerns about potential sexual activities during their time in San Francisco. Nile noted that 19 suspected cases of A.I.D.S. had already been reported in Australia and linked the disease's arrival to homosexuals returning from previous events, such as the gay Olympics held in San Francisco 18 months earlier. He argued that Australian homosexuals could be easily identified upon their return, as many had travelled through group package deals often publicised in gay publications. Meanwhile, amidst Nile's warnings, there appeared to be a decline in A.I.D.S. cases in New York City, attributed to changes in lifestyle among homosexuals and possibly a decrease in the disease's virulence, according to New York's Health Commissioner Dr David Sencer. He suggested that this trend could also lead to a slowing of A.I.D.S. spread in other areas of the country. Overall, the controversy surrounding Nile's remarks highlighted the growing fear and uncertainty around A.I.D.S. during this period, particularly as the disease continued to unfold as one of the most alarming medical concerns of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830630_2_81_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830630.2.81.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,425736000
6683,04,07,1983,"'Oedipus’ At Court (Press, 4 July 1983)","A double bill featuring ""Oedipus"" by Sophocles and ""Dirty Linen"" by Tom Stoppard was reviewed by Gerrit Bahlman, highlighting both the contrasts and similarities of the two works. The production ran from July 2 to August 6, 1983, at the Court Theatre, directed by Elric Hooper, with original music by Dorothy Buchanan. ""Oedipus"" presented a stark yet captivating interpretation of the classic Greek tragedy. The stage was designed simply, using a semi-circle of flats and gauze screens, which created a central acting space. The traditional costumes, including the Greek chiton and distinctive headgear and sandals, added to the dignity of the performance. Bahlman noted the effective direction that allowed the intensity of the story to engage the audience, particularly praising Lex Matheson's portrayal of Oedipus and Geoffrey Wearing’s performance as Tieresias, the blind seer. Their ability to convey the emotional depth of the characters was highlighted, along with commendable performances from Sherril Cooper as Jocasta and Geoffrey Heath as Creon. The interplay of the chorus, led by Barry Empson, was accentuated by the music, which, despite some issues with sound reproduction, contributed to the reverent atmosphere of the performance. In stark contrast, ""Dirty Linen"" unfolded in a contemporary setting behind Big Ben in London, where a select parliamentary committee examined the morals of MPs amid a backdrop of scandalous newspaper reports. The play, described as a lecherous farce, showcased a cast portraying a range of humorous and exaggerated characters. Bahlman pointed out the cleverness of the script, which highlighted the absurdities of political life. Each character, from Heath’s Cocklebury-Smith to Deborah Davids’ Maddie Gotobed, offered a comedic portrayal of various facets of political and social life. The play used sharp wit and farcical elements to project themes of hypocrisy and morality, culminating in a nuanced commentary on societal issues. While both plays were static in their staging, the combination of the two provided a broader appeal. However, Bahlman concluded that ""Oedipus"" would remain the more memorable of the two, with its profound narrative and dramatic intensity overshadowing the lighter, comedic fare of ""Dirty Linen."" The evening of theatre was thus a study in contrasts — the timeless gravity of ancient tragedy alongside the playful critique of modern morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830704_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830704.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426081600
5194,04,07,1983,"Link Between Aids, Herpes (Press, 4 July 1983)","A theory connecting infections such as hepatitis B and herpes to AIDS has been put forward in the latest edition of the ""Medical Journal of Australia,"" published on 4 July 1983. The article posits that repeated immune challenges from these infections, along with other factors such as drug use, may progressively weaken the cellular immune system. This weakening leaves individuals susceptible to further infections, particularly in times when their health is compromised. The article highlights that promiscuous homosexual men are particularly at risk for developing Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It suggests that the patterns of AIDS transmission resemble those of hepatitis B, which is also prevalent among homosexual men. The authors explain that blood contact during anal intercourse contributes to the higher incidence of hepatitis B among this group, as repeated exposure through the rectal blood vessels increases the likelihood of transmission. Dr Kenneth Mutton and Dr Ian Gust from Melbourne’s Fairfield Hospital for Communicable Diseases have authored the leading article, which provides some of the most comprehensive insights regarding AIDS from Australian medical experts thus far. Additionally, there are four other articles in the journal that further explore the disease. The article also discusses various herpes virus infections, defining herpes as a family of viruses that includes herpes simplex, chicken pox, and others. The implications of this research underscore the importance of targeted health advice for at-risk groups. It suggests that homosexual individuals and others who seek to understand their personal risk levels should be encouraged to limit sexual contact and refrain from using recreational drugs to reduce their vulnerability to these infections and potentially to AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830704_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830704.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426081600
5195,06,07,1983,"Six Groups Urged Not To Give Blood (Press, 6 July 1983)","On 6 July 1983, the Victorian Red Cross Blood Bank issued a new leaflet warning specific community groups about the potential risks of donating blood due to the threat of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a serious and often fatal disease. Dr Jack Morris, the director of the blood bank, stated that individuals who identify as belonging to any of the outlined high-risk groups should refrain from giving blood donations. AIDS, a recently identified condition, dramatically reduces a person's ability to fight off infections and currently has no known cure. The leaflet provided a detailed description of six groups identified as being at higher risk of contracting the disease. These groups included individuals exhibiting symptoms such as severe night sweats, unexplained fevers, significant weight loss, and persistent swollen glands. Among the high-risk categories were homosexual or bisexual men with multiple sexual partners, sexual contacts of those showing symptoms of AIDS, individuals previously diagnosed with immune deficiencies, current or former intravenous drug users, and recent immigrants from Haiti and various African nations. Dr Morris emphasized that while not all individuals in these high-risk categories are carriers of the AIDS virus, the lack of reliable screening techniques necessitated a precautionary approach. He urged anyone who may be at risk to voluntarily abstain from donating blood to prevent the potential spread of the disease. This public health initiative reflected growing concerns surrounding AIDS, its transmission, and its impact on public health safety.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830706_2_171.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830706.2.171,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426254400
7431,08,07,1983,"Film’s Anti-hero Arrested (Press, 8 July 1983)","John Wojtowicz, the bisexual bank robber known for his story featured in the film ""Dog Day Afternoon,"" has been arrested for violating his parole. The 35-year-old was charged specifically for associating with known criminals. Wojtowicz had been released from prison in 1978 after serving 5.5 years of a 20-year sentence for his role in a bank robbery. In 1972, he and an 18-year-old accomplice committed the robbery at a bank in Brooklyn, during which they held seven hostages for 18 hours. The motive behind the heist was to secure funds for a sex-change operation for Wojtowicz's boyfriend. The dramatic events of the robbery and the hostage situation ultimately inspired a successful film starring Al Pacino.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830708_2_71_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830708.2.71.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426427200
5196,08,07,1983,"Irish Split Up Over Divorce Law (Press, 8 July 1983)","In Dublin, 24-year-old Jennifer represents a significant issue faced by around 35,000 Irish women who, despite having terminated their marriages years ago, remain legally barred from obtaining a divorce due to Ireland's stringent laws. Alongside Malta, Ireland stands out as the only country in Europe where divorce is effectively prohibited, a situation entrenched in the country's constitution. The predicament for women like Jennifer is stark: they are left either to live a solitary life or engage in unlawful relationships, along with the complications of illegitimate children, in a predominantly Catholic society. Jennifer has expressed her frustration at being penalised for a mistake made at the tender age of 17, and she is not alone. A growing sentiment for change is palpable in Ireland, reflected in a recent opinion poll indicating that 56 per cent of respondents support legalising divorce under certain circumstances, an increase from similar polls ten years ago. Only 37 per cent still oppose any form of divorce. This challenge to divorce laws is part of a wider scrutiny directed at various moral legislations in Ireland, remnants of a time when the Catholic Church held a privileged role in society. Although a referendum in 1973 stripped the Church of its constitutional power, it continues to wield significant influence. For instance, a doctor recently faced legal repercussions for illegally selling contraceptives, claiming he would ""rather go to jail than pay"" the imposed fine and asserting that many of his peers share similar sentiments. Activism is also burgeoning in other areas, such as the push for gay rights. Earlier this year, David Norris, a gay rights advocate, took his case to the Supreme Court in an effort to overturn a 19th-century law criminalising homosexual acts between consenting adults. Although he did not succeed, two judges supported his stance, hinting at potential legal shifts in the future. Public attitudes towards abortion, which is similarly outlawed in Ireland, are evolving as well. A May poll revealed that 53 per cent of respondents did not support a referendum aimed at enshrining the current abortion ban in the constitution, contrasting sharply with a previous poll in November where 54 per cent were in favour of such a measure. Critics highlight the divorce ban as particularly outdated, noting that Church annulments can only be granted under specific conditions, limiting the options available to couples seeking to remarry. While a handful of annulments are granted each year, receiving one does not guarantee the ability to remarry within the Church without the bishop’s approval, further complicating the plight of those affected. As societal views evolve, the growing demand for legal reform suggests significant changes may be on the horizon in Ireland.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830708_2_80_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830708.2.80.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426427200
5197,08,07,1983,"Rise And Fall Of The Male Earring (Press, 8 July 1983)","In a 1983 article for the London “Observer,” David Thomas explores the evolving trends of male decoration, particularly focusing on the earring’s transition from a niche accessory to a staple of masculinity in sports and fashion. The piece begins by referencing Elton John, who was spotted wearing a diamond earring whilst watching a football match in Shanghai. Similarly, Charlie Nicholas, a young footballer signing with Arsenal, also donned an earring, which Thomas suggests marks a shift in style within the football world. Historically, the article notes that male adornment was often limited to understated pieces, with earlier eras featuring more extravagant decorations worn by figures like Henry VIII and James I, who famously embraced ostentation. However, a Puritan ethic was prevalent for a time, discouraging men from wearing decorations. This attitude began to change with the Restoration and the Enlightenment, yet a return to simplicity occurred under the influence of Beau Brummel. The article discusses the resurgence of male jewellery in the 1960s, coinciding with the freedom of the hippie movement, where male earrings became socially acceptable. Trends shifted through the decades, from the medallion styles of the 1970s to the glam rock era, influencing young men's fashion choices. By the 1980s, the fashion landscape has diversified further, with remarks about the punk style causing a reversion to tribal forms of decoration. Thomas turns to contemporary fashion experts including Thom O’Dwyer and Phillippa Gimlette for insights on the current state of men's adornment. O’Dwyer describes that while earrings are now established, they are not deemed fashionable, shifting the focus to other accessories like tie-bars. Gimlette notes a strict avoidance of male models with pierced ears in “Vogue” menswear features, emphasising a preference for classic styles over trendy jewellery. Ultimately, the article illustrates the complex and changing nature of male fashion and decoration, with earrings reflected as a symbol of varying forms of masculinity throughout history. In summary, male adornments have transitioned from the flamboyance of historical figures to the restrained choices preferred in contemporary fashion circles, embodying the tensions between tradition and modernity in male style.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830708_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830708.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426427200
5198,09,07,1983,"Child Killer Under Attack (Press, 9 July 1983)","An international research centre in Bangladesh has made significant progress in developing a new treatment for diarrhoea, a disease responsible for the deaths of five million children annually. Dr William Greenough, the director of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, announced that they are testing an innovative form of ""oral rehydration therapy."" The critical aspect of this treatment is to address the loss of body fluids, which is often fatal. The centre has successfully created a home-made solution consisting of water, sugar, and salt that mothers can administer to their children. The new approach integrates rice and other cereals, which not only aid in replenishing essential body fluids and salts during severe diarrhoeal episodes but also enhance the nutritional status of the patients. This treatment has also shown promise for individuals suffering from A.I.D.S. who are afflicted by internal parasites. Dr Greenough shared insights with reporters at the United Nations, highlighting that shortly after returning to the United States, he received a call from a doctor in Boston regarding an A.I.D.S. patient experiencing a severe form of parasitic diarrhoea known as cryptosporidiosis. This particular illness has raised alarms in the U.S., having appeared in a limited number of A.I.D.S. cases without any known cure. The Boston patient, who identifies as homosexual, is undergoing a variety of therapies, including a mixture of baby’s rice cereal and bananas referred to as his “Bangladesh diet,” alongside opium to counteract diarrhoea. A.I.D.S. specialists are attempting to manage the fluid loss for this patient using the same basic dietary approach applied to famine and dysentery sufferers in Bangladesh. Dr Greenough pointed out that initially, the patient was only receiving intravenous fluids but lacked proper nutrition. He recommended that the patient start consuming what he describes as “the rice solutions.” Dr Greenough stressed that the natural starch found in cereals, which converts into sugar during digestion, is preferable to standard sugar-water solutions because it is less likely to provoke vomiting. He proclaimed that Bangladesh is a leader in the advancement and application of oral rehydration therapy, with their methods increasingly adopted worldwide. Many individuals afflicted by diarrhoeal diseases in underdeveloped regions often reside in poor rural areas with inadequate sanitation and contaminated water sources, hindering timely access to hospital care to save lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830709_2_112_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830709.2.112.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426513600
5199,13,07,1983,"Gay Hotel Established (Press, 13 July 1983)","On 13 July 1983, it was reported that Gay International, a San Francisco-based company largely comprised of homosexuals, has acquired a 26-room hotel in Salt Lake City. The hotel, named the Wishing Well, was purchased for $400,000 (equivalent to NZ$612,000). This acquisition is viewed as the beginning of an international chain aimed at catering specifically to the gay community. Mr Robert Hunniecutt, an attorney representing the firm, indicated that this move marks the initiation of a series of bed-and-breakfast establishments, with plans for approximately two dozen additional properties across the United States, as well as in major cities such as London, Paris, and Munich. Gay International is already known for publishing directories for homosexuals and is poised to diversify its business interests further.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830713_2_84_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830713.2.84.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,426859200
5200,16,07,1983,"Call To Reprimand Two Congressmen (Press, 16 July 1983)","On 16 July 1983, a congressional committee in the United States recommended reprimanding two congressmen for engaging in inappropriate sexual relationships with teenage pages. The House ethics committee specifically called for disciplinary action against Illinois Republican Congressman Daniel Crane and Massachusetts Democrat Gerry Studds. Crane was reported to have had sexual relations with a 17-year-old female page in 1980, while Studds was implicated in sexual acts with a male page, who was either 16 or 17, in 1973. Joseph Califano, the special investigator appointed by the committee, also mentioned that James Howarth, a House employee responsible for Democratic pages, had engaged in sexual relations with a 17-year-old female messenger in 1980, stating that further disciplinary measures would be taken against him. The investigation's scope included allegations of cocaine and drug use among congressmen, which Califano indicated would continue. In response to the allegations, Crane, a 47-year-old dentist, admitted to the affair and expressed remorse, hoping for forgiveness from his family. Studds, a former aide to President John F. Kennedy, openly identified as a homosexual during the proceedings. House Speaker Thomas O'Neill described the incidents as ""most disturbing"" and endorsed the ethics committee's recommendation for reprimand. A reprimand is considered one of the least severe disciplinary actions against a congressman, falling short of censure, while expulsion is the most severe penalty the House can impose on its members. The investigation began in July of the previous year following claims of illicit sexual conduct and drug use involving pages. The exhaustive report produced by Califano concluded that while allegations from various pages had been found to be untrue, interviews with many current and former pages revealed the three specific cases of misconduct that the committee focused on. In regard to Crane's actions, the report indicated that he may have had sexual relations with the girl on up to five separate occasions during the summer of 1980, and it was noted that she had consented to the relationship and found Crane's older age attractive.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830716_2_85_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830716.2.85.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,427118400
6684,16,07,1983,"Sole Without Joy Ends Gee’s Trilogy (Press, 16 July 1983)","In a review published on 16 July 1983, Margaret Quigley discusses Maurice Gee's novel ""Sole Survivor,"" the third installment in his trilogy following the acclaimed works ""Plumb"" and ""Meg."" Quigley notes that ""Sole Survivor"" presents a starkly different atmosphere and perspective from its predecessors, which may come as a surprise to readers familiar with Gee's earlier narrative style. The trilogy explores the impact of family relationships on personal development, with each book offering a unique focus. ""Plumb,"" set in New Zealand seventy years prior, highlights how a man's strong beliefs influence his actions in religion and politics. ""Meg"" shifts the focus to domestic life, while ""Sole Survivor"" returns to politics through the character of Raymond Sole, Meg's son and a journalist. However, the political landscape in ""Sole Survivor"" is markedly different, reflecting contemporary issues, and Raymond's character diverges significantly from that of his grandfather. Gee asserts that his writing encapsulates individual experiences rather than general truths, yet Quigley suggests that broader observations about New Zealand's political climate emerge throughout the narrative. The novel's central figure, Duggie Plumb, Raymond's cousin, embodies the ruthless pursuit of power, and Gee skilfully explores how Duggie's troubled upbringing shapes his character. The book addresses the complications of personal and familial relationships, revealing how these failures echo within the society's divisions. The narrative structure is intricate, featuring ironic parallels that enrich the story, which may initially appear as a continuation of the family saga. Each book in the trilogy stands alone artistically, yet they are interconnected through their exploration of different characters and circumstances. Quigley draws attention to contrasting responses to familial situations, particularly regarding homosexuality—highlighting Plumb's reaction to his son Alfred’s sexual orientation compared to Raymond's more accepting view of his daughter's lesbian relationship. Despite the thematic depth, Quigley characterises ""Sole Survivor"" as the most dispiriting of the trilogy, primarily due to Raymond's portrayal as an emotionally vacant character. The novel's tone is described as joyless, with dark humour overshadowing any levity. Unlike the faint notes of hope that conclude ""Plumb"" and ""Meg,"" Raymond's acceptance of his circumstances reflects a more resigned worldview. The review concludes by acknowledging the craftsmanship of Gee's writing, despite issues with binding in the edition discussed. Quigley expresses appreciation for the trilogy's depth, complexity, and the compassionate yet ironic portrayal of New Zealand society and its individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830716_2_113_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830716.2.113.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,427118400
5201,26,07,1983,"Blood Decision (Press, 26 July 1983)","On 26 July 1983, the Dutch Red Cross announced that it would not comply with the Council of Europe's request to refuse blood donations from homosexual donors in an effort to combat the spread of AIDS. The organisation stated it would instead implement its own publicity campaign aimed at encouraging individuals from high-risk groups to refrain from donating blood. The decision reflects the Dutch Red Cross's commitment to inclusivity and its belief in alternative methods to manage health risks associated with blood donation. This development took place amidst growing concerns over the AIDS epidemic and the need to address public misconceptions and stigma related to the disease and its transmission.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830726_2_101_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830726.2.101.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,427982400
5202,28,07,1983,"Mr Mclay Sees Rape Laws As Century Outdated (Press, 28 July 1983)","On 28 July 1983, during a speech to the Wellington District Law Society, Attorney-General Mr McLay addressed the inadequacies of current rape legislation in New Zealand. He challenged the predominantly male audience to consider their feelings if they were victims of rape, even in instances of homosexual rape. Mr McLay voiced strong sentiments regarding the average sentence for rape, which he described as being unacceptably low at four years. He highlighted that while four years might sound reasonable, many offenders received sentences as short as six months, and alarmingly, 42 per cent of convicted rapists served less than three years and nine months. Mr McLay was set to introduce a comprehensive review of the rape laws to Parliament later in 1983. He suggested that current laws, some of which date back over a century, are significantly outdated. In particular, he questioned the long-standing corroboration rule, which assumes that rape victims are likely to lie about their experiences. He argued that this requirement should not apply to every case, expressing his personal view that it should not be necessary for judges to instruct juries to seek corroboration in all circumstances. He portrayed rape as a grave violation—an intrusive attack on a woman's most intimate privacy, often leaving lasting emotional and physical scars. The Attorney-General expressed his dismay over community sentiments that four years is insufficient punishment for such a heinous crime. He pointed out that despite the maximum sentence being 14 years, he had never encountered a case resulting in a sentence longer than nine years. Mr McLay cautioned against the rise of vigilante justice born from public frustration, acknowledging that although neighbourhood networks aimed at protecting women are commendable, they can easily devolve into groups taking justice into their own hands. He recounted troubling reports of elderly women, aged in their seventies, eighties, and even nineties, being attacked and raped in their homes. He candidly shared his own feelings, stating that if a family member were victimised in such a way, the offender would be lucky if law enforcement apprehended him first. His remarks underscored the urgent need for significant reform in how rape is prosecuted and punished in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830728_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830728.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,428155200
7061,28,07,1983,"Returning The Fun To Pro-am (Press, 28 July 1983)","The Pro-am dual slalom event at Coronet Peak, historically known for its exciting ski racing and community spirit, is set for a change in 1983 to refocus the event on its original intention. In recent seasons, professional ski racers have dominated the competition, leading to concerns that the event has strayed from its community roots. To address this, event organiser Charlie Adams has announced that certified professional racers will not be allowed to compete this year. The Pro-am, sponsored by the Mount Cook Line, will offer a total prize pool of $1,200, distributed among the top eight competitors. The event is expected to draw significant participation, with an anticipated field of around 100 racers, including local amateurs. The backdrop of the Pro-am includes New Zealand’s national ski team holding training sessions at Coronet Peak after the conclusion of the Europa F.I.S. series at Mount Hutt, which wraps up around August 14. The Pro-am is scheduled for August 21, following a series of races including a national points race and the Coronet Cup events on August 19 and 20. While amateurs participating in the Pro-am can compete for cash prizes, they are required to donate their winnings to the New Zealand Ski Association. Notably, no New Zealand amateur has ever won the event, with Warwick Brown from Taranaki being the last amateur to reach the finals in 1980. The skiing scene is experiencing challenges with weather during weekends, leading to increased absenteeism among weekend skiers. Conditions have resulted in ski fields like Mount Hutt being open for only two days out of the last three weekends, frustrating many who depend on weekend access to the mountains. Winter Olympics coverage in New Zealand will receive heightened attention in 1984, with daily highlights broadcast on television for the Sarajevo Games. TVNZ sports producer Iain Eggleton hopes to include live coverage of key events such as downhill skiing and ice hockey, contingent on operational satellite facilities. In educational innovation, Mount Hutt ski school has implemented a continuous lesson model for ski learners, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., enabling beginners to join whenever they like and progress at their own pace. Another positive development is the Lake County Council's commitment to maintaining the Crown Range road between Queenstown and Wanaka this winter, improving access to regional ski fields like Cardrona, Treble Cone, and Coronet Peak. Daily transport services for skiers are being offered by Danes Back Country and Alpine Helicopters. The annual Queenstown Winter Festival, starting soon, will feature entertaining events including a dog derby, a dog-barking competition, and many other activities catering to diverse interests. With skiing and various festivities, the festival promises to be inclusive, offering fun for both locals and visitors alike.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830728_2_80_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830728.2.80.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,428155200
5203,28,07,1983,"Second Week Of Festival (Press, 28 July 1983)","The Christchurch International Film Festival is set to enter its second week at the Carlton, starting with the film “Querelle,” directed by renowned German filmmaker Rainer Werner Fassbinder, who passed away recently. This sexually-themed movie, based on Jean Genet's novel ""Querelle de Brest,"" offers a blend of art and intrigue, depicting a beautifully alluring sailor whose self-obsession leads to danger for those around him. Acknowledging the Canterbury Film Society's contributions to the festival, the screening times for ""Querelle"" are scheduled for 2, 5.15, and 8.15 p.m. on the opening day. On Saturday, audiences will be treated to “Moonlighting,” an English film starring Jeremy Irons, which critiques the military crackdown in Poland during the early 1980s and showcases a surreal take on leadership challenges. The day also features “The Grass is Singing,” a joint Swedish/Zambian production set in South Africa that critiques apartheid's more insidious aspects while highlighting racial tensions and the struggles of women. Sunday's line-up includes ""The Great Chess Movie,"" a documentary exploring the intersection of chess with international politics, and the horror anthology ""Creepshow,"" directed by George A. Romero. The latter consists of five distinct stories featuring bizarre and chilling scenarios, including a meteor-induced fungal outbreak and a wife's resurrection. Monday's films include “Laura,” a romantic tale about an obsessive affair between a young girl and a middle-aged sculptor set in Southern France, and “The Decline of Western Civilisation,” a documentary that provides a raw look at the punk rock movement through the lens of various Los Angeles bands. Tuesday features “My Dinner With Andrew,"" a minimalist film focusing on two friends' conversation over dinner, alongside “The Nest,"" a platonic yet sexually suggestive narrative about a widower and a young girl, and “Diner,” a nostalgic look at five friends navigating their youth in the 1950s. On Wednesday, the festival will screen “Mephisto,” an adaptation of Klaus Mann's anti-fascist novel about an actor's moral sacrifice during the Third Reich, followed by Francis Ford Coppola's “One From the Heart,” which blends romance, comedy, and musical elements. Thursday's offerings include “Taxi Zum Klo,"" an autobiographical narrative by Frank Ripploh that reflects his life as a homosexual school teacher in Berlin, and “Melvin and Howard,” a film based on Melvin Dummar's claim of giving a ride to Howard Hughes, who allegedly bequeathed a portion of his fortune to him. The festival provides a diverse selection of films that explore various themes, including sexuality, political commentary, and personal relationships, ensuring attendees experience a rich array of cinematic storytelling throughout the week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830728_2_68_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830728.2.68.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,428155200
5204,01,08,1983,"Hard Going At Film Festival (Press, 1 August 1983)","The Christchurch International Film Festival is in progress, showcasing a diverse selection of films. Among the highlights is ""Diva,"" a thriller with an operatic setting. A noticeable trend at this year's festival is the emphasis on American films, such as ""The King of Comedy"" and ""Diner,"" that audiences would typically expect to see in commercial releases. Additionally, there has been a significant number of sexually explicit films, particularly those restricted to festival audiences, raising concerns about the festival's purpose. Discussing the festival, Patrick McGuire from the New Zealand National Film Unit noted that many European films showcased have a degenerate quality, reflecting a more inward-looking and obsessive nature. The popularity of these films appears to contribute to financial gain for the festival, as they often receive multiple screenings, while more meaningful films are shown only once, suggesting a misalignment in the festival’s original intent to offer cultural enrichment. One of the more provocative films screened is ""Querelle,"" directed by the renowned Rainer Werner Fassbinder. This film was noted for both its artistic ambition and its unsettling themes, and it marks Fassbinder's last work before his death at age 36 in June 1982. Accompanying ""Querelle"" was ""The Wizard of Babylon,"" which highlighted the film's creation and included an interview with Fassbinder conducted shortly before he passed away. His condition during the interview evoked a poignant sense of melancholy connected to his artistic legacy. ""Querelle,"" adapted from Jean Genet's 1947 novel, presents complex themes of sexuality, love, and domination, showcasing Genet's and Fassbinder's distinctive styles. Genet's background as a former prisoner who became a celebrated writer holds significance, as his works frequently addressed themes of isolation and the experience of marginalized individuals. Both artists, openly gay and unapologetic in their exploration of controversial material, sought to illuminate the struggles of society’s outcasts. Their collaboration on ""Querelle"" has been met with mixed reactions, from admiration to outright shock. The film's narrative dives into the lives of dockside characters, revealing a sordid world filled with vice and violence. Critics have described ""Querelle"" as both visually striking and aesthetically challenging, encapsulating the provocative essence of its creators. As the festival unfolds, it has prompted reflection on the types of films deemed suitable for such an event, questioning whether it should primarily serve as a platform for artistic exploration or commercial entertainment. The discussion surrounding ""Querelle"" and similar films embodies the ongoing dialogue about the role of film festivals in promoting meaningful cinema versus catering to the more sensationalist tastes of audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830801_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830801.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,428500800
5205,05,08,1983,"Rape Defence Rejected (Press, 5 August 1983)","On 5 August 1983, a San Diego court found Clifford Stone, a 30-year-old man, guilty of manslaughter in the death of 30-year-old Rosemarie McNeil. The incident occurred in 1980, and Stone claimed he acted in self-defence after McNeil allegedly raped him and threatened his life. His lawyer argued that Stone bludgeoned McNeil with a stone out of fear and terror following the assault. During the trial, it was highlighted that Stone identified as a homosexual at the time of the incident. The Superior Court jury convicted Stone not only of manslaughter but also for the use of a deadly weapon. As a result, he could face a sentence of up to seven years in prison. Legal experts suggested that this case might be the first in California where a man attempted to use rape as a basis for a self-defence claim. Additionally, Dr Philip Sarrel, a professor of gynaecology, testified at the trial that he had documented 12 instances of women raping men, bringing to light a rarely discussed aspect of sexual violence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830805_2_70_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830805.2.70.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,428846400
5206,09,08,1983,"Group Will Recommend Gays Don’t Give Blood (Press, 9 August 1983)","On 9 August 1983, the National Gay Rights Coalition addressed concerns about the media's portrayal of A.I.D.S. as a ""gay disease."" During a press conference in Christchurch, the coalition's general secretary, Mr Hugh Gaw, expressed worries that the anti-gay sentiment seen overseas could also emerge in New Zealand. He noted that this narrative was damaging and unfounded, as the origins of A.I.D.S. remain unclear and indications suggest that it may not be a new illness, with historical presence in regions like Africa. Mr Gaw pointed out that sexually active homosexual men often undergo regular health screenings for sexually transmitted infections, making their detection of A.I.D.S. less surprising. He voiced dissatisfaction with New Zealand health authorities suggesting that gay individuals should refrain from donating blood, as it unfairly implied that only this group could carry the virus. Gavin Young, another coalition member from Wellington, echoed this sentiment, highlighting the ongoing struggle to detach illness from the identity of homosexuality, now threatened by renewed stigma. Despite their reservations, Gaw stated that the coalition would recommend its 50,000 members temporarily abstain from blood donation due to preliminary evidence of blood transmission of A.I.D.S. He urged caution and responsibility, anxious about both the health authorities’ stance and the potential overreactions from within the gay community regarding the disease. The coalition outlined plans to enhance collaboration with health officials to help prevent A.I.D.S. from entering New Zealand. They committed to producing informative pamphlets for the gay community and facilitating ongoing updates through their publications. Additionally, Gaw mentioned the intention to broaden special clinics for sexually transmitted diseases to ensure that any A.I.D.S. cases would be detected early on within the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830809_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830809.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429192000
7735,10,08,1983,"Complaint Rejected (Press, 10 August 1983)","On 10 August 1983, the Broadcasting Corporation addressed several complaints, predominantly centred around discussions and broadcasts from various Radio New Zealand and TVNZ programmes. One notable complaint came from the Integrity Centre in Christchurch, represented by Miss S. Gibbons, concerning a talkback segment on the “Tonight Show” that aired on March 29. Although the Corporation acknowledged that the programme contained explicit references to sexual activity, it concluded that, given the timing of the broadcast, it did not breach standards regarding good taste and decency. Additionally, a complaint from Associate Minister of Finance Mr J. H. Falloon regarding an item on TVNZ’s “Eyewitness,” which discussed statistics on real disposable after-tax income, was upheld in part. The Corporation highlighted the misleading nature of the statement regarding a ""drop in real income for nearly 80 per cent"" of wage and salary earners due to the lack of a base date and found inaccuracies concerning the last wage increase for most. Despite these findings, the Corporation found no evidence of bias or impartiality related to the broadcast. Other complaints were dismissed, including one from Mr E. J. Britland concerning a H.A.R.T. newsletter aired by Radio New Zealand on April 10, and an Access Radio announcement about a White Women Against Racism meeting. The Corporation ruled that neither violated broadcasting rules or regulations. Furthermore, a complaint made by H.A.R.T. chairperson Mr J. Minto regarding remarks on 2ZB’s Breakfast Show was not upheld due to the inability to verify the broadcast content, as the tapes had been erased after the standard 90-day retention period. Although it could not substantiate the claim that a statement suggesting ""Minto ought to be shot"" was made, the Corporation expressed regret if such sentiments were indeed aired. Miss P. Bartlett, national secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, had her complaints regarding honorifics used in news relating to the Chase shooting dismissed. The Corporation clarified that terms like ""Mr,"" ""Mrs,"" ""Miss,"" and ""Ms"" hold no legal status, noting that these identifiers were used by police and Māori wardens during the ongoing news coverage. A complaint from Polycorp about the ""Close-up"" programme aired on March 23 was similarly rejected, with the Corporation determining that the content and related commercials did not infringe on broadcasting regulations. Another upheld complaint related to a ""Today Tonight"" broadcast concerning student finances on May 3, where the statement regarding standard bursaries did not reflect an accurate picture of the beneficiaries of State grants. Finally, a complaint regarding a “Foreign Correspondent” segment about the Rajneesh Foundation International, made on behalf of the Shanti Niketan Rajneesh Meditation Centre in Auckland, was also not upheld.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830810_2_83_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830810.2.83.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429278400
5207,13,08,1983,"A.I.D.S. ‘pretender’ Arrested (Press, 13 August 1983)","On 13 August 1983, police in New York reported the arrest of 36-year-old Garnett Wilson in connection with a series of bank robberies. Between 18 and 30 July 1983, Wilson allegedly robbed at least ten banks, using a note to inform tellers that he was suffering from A.I.D.S. and had less than 30 days to live. The police spokesman detailed that Wilson was arrested at his apartment in Manhattan on Thursday and identified as the individual behind these robberies. Wilson reportedly took a total of about US$50,000 from the banks during this two-week crime spree. It was emphasised that Wilson does not actually suffer from A.I.D.S., which is a disease that significantly weakens the immune system and leaves individuals vulnerable to deadly infections. As of this time, nearly 2,000 cases of A.I.D.S. had been reported, primarily affecting homosexual males. In a related note, the New York Health Department announced that it would advise homosexuals and others at risk for A.I.D.S. not to donate blood. This measure is a precautionary response amid growing concerns that the disease could potentially be transmitted through blood supplies and products. Currently, there are no available tests for detecting A.I.D.S.-contaminated blood, making the appeal to refrain from donating blood the only feasible precaution. The Health Department is preparing special leaflets with advice that will be distributed to blood-donor centres to ensure safety and awareness.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830813_2_84_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830813.2.84.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429537600
5208,13,08,1983,"Auden: Poet By Choice (Press, 13 August 1983)","In the review of Edward Callan's 1983 book ""Auden: A Carnival of Intellect,"" John Summers reflects on the complexities of poet W. H. Auden's character and work. He contrasts Callan's more balanced analysis with Charles Osborne's earlier biography, which he criticises for its gossipy nature and lack of depth. Summers notes that while Auden struggled with his dualistic nature, notably in his relationship with Chester Kailman—who he supported even after their romantic ties were severed—Auden ultimately prioritised his calling as a poet. Summers compares Auden to a corrupt priest from Graham Greene's ""The Power and the Glory,"" suggesting that both recognise the significance of their roles regardless of personal unworthiness. They illustrate the idea that giving up on one’s vocation would be a grave loss to the world. Callan’s work highlights the theme of guilt in Auden's poems, showing how the personal becomes public in his poetry, and though he acknowledges that Callan may be somewhat fixated on his subject, he appreciates the breadth of Callan’s research into Auden’s influences. Callan’s focus includes Auden's longer works, particularly the ""New Year Letter,"" which critiques contemporary societal issues through intricate rhymed couplets. Summers quotes a passage to emphasize Auden's insight into human anxieties. However, he critiques Auden’s reliance on abstract philosophical musings that can sometimes detract from the poetry's vividness, suggesting that mere dexterity is insufficient for genuine poetic expression. The review considers Auden's work as strikingly modern, engaging with ideas from prominent intellectuals like Jung and Freud, yet hints at a sense of old-fashionedness in his approach that ties private struggles to societal decay. Auden reflects on the disorder of the state, echoing historical sentiments that personal failings resonate on a larger scale, reminiscent of Shakespeare's “something is rotten in the state of Denmark.” Ultimately, Summers praises Callan’s exploration of the connections between the personal and public spheres in Auden’s work and the importance of those connections in understanding the poet's legacy, challenging the idea of intellect detached from human experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830813_2_113_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830813.2.113.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429537600
5209,16,08,1983,"Gays’ Plight Highlighted (Press, 16 August 1983)","A report released in Sydney suggests that approximately 85,000 teenagers in the city identify as homosexual, many of whom grapple with issues related to drug and alcohol abuse. The study is noted as the most comprehensive examination of the Australian homosexual community to date, encompassing interviews with over 400 young homosexuals. Funded by a $30,000 grant from the New South Wales Drug and Alcohol Authority, the report was compiled with assistance from both homosexual and heterosexual volunteers. Virginia Chadwick, the Shadow Minister for Youth and Community Services in New South Wales, commented on the findings, emphasising the urgent need for professional counselling services for homosexual individuals and their families. The demographic breakdown of the 441 interviewed participants indicates that over half were under 21 years old, with 66.7 per cent identifying as male, 32.2 per cent as female, and 1.1 per cent as transsexual. Key findings of the report reveal that a significant majority of the respondents exhibited concerning substance use patterns. More than three-quarters of the surveyed individuals were identified as regular and heavy drinkers. Approximately 25 per cent reported having engaged in prostitution, predominantly out of economic necessity, with three-quarters of those involved citing financial reasons for their involvement. Furthermore, 60 per cent of the participants used marijuana, with frequency ranging from occasional to daily use. A notable one-third of the males surveyed were regular users of amyl nitrate, and about 30 per cent reported using pills for recreational purposes. The report also highlighted economic challenges faced by the young homosexual population. It revealed that 28 per cent were unemployed, with 24 per cent receiving unemployment benefits, while the remaining 4 per cent reported relying on illegitimate means, principally prostitution. In addition to these issues, over half of the respondents (52 per cent) reported experiencing harassment due to their perceived homosexuality. This harassment stemmed from various sectors within the community, including school, workplace, family, and even police interactions. Overall, the findings underscore the pressing social and health challenges confronting Sydney's young homosexual population, necessitating increased support and intervention strategies to address these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830816_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830816.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429796800
7027,16,08,1983,"Girl Baby Born Boy Fights Bureaucracy (Press, 16 August 1983)","The case of a South Australian woman, Miss Margaret Kendle, has highlighted the urgent need for legal reform regarding sexual reassignment in Australia. At just 22 years old, Miss Kendle is advocating for her 15-month-old child, originally identified as male and named Travis at birth, to have its sex officially recognised as female following a sex reassignment surgery. The surgery was deemed necessary due to the baby’s birth defects, particularly the absence of a functional penis. Doctors advised Miss Kendle that raising her child as a girl would be more beneficial for leading a normal life. Despite the surgery and the subsequent naming of the child as Kylie Anne, the South Australian Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration Division has refused to amend the birth certificate to reflect her new gender. This refusal has left Miss Kendle frustrated, especially since she wishes to have her child baptised but cannot do so without an appropriate birth certificate. She expressed concern about the long-term implications for her child's identity, particularly when the child reaches maturity and may require identification documents like a birth certificate for employment or travel, which currently state a male identity. Senator Gareth Evans, the Attorney-General, acknowledged the complexities surrounding birth certificate descriptions, passports, and marriage laws related to gender reassignment. Earlier in 1983, State and Federal Attorney-Generals recognised the issue's urgency and established a working party to explore solutions. Senator Evans expressed optimism that uniform legislation could be developed within the following year to address these issues. In summary, the situation of Miss Kendle is pressing, urging a reevaluation of existing South Australian laws, which currently prohibit changes to birth certificates if the original sex has been recorded. The South Australian Attorney-General, Mr Chris Sumner, has been informed of the Kendle case and is reviewing the details to determine the appropriate legal actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830816_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830816.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429796800
5211,17,08,1983,"Lack Of Legislative Rights Anger Gays (Press, 17 August 1983)","On 17 August 1983, Mr Hugh Gaw, the general secretary of the National Gay Rights Coalition, expressed a need for greater progress in securing legal rights for homosexual men and lesbians in New Zealand. He highlighted the limited advancements made since the establishment of the country's gay rights movement 11 years ago, indicating a rise in feelings of anger and frustration among activists. Gaw specifically pointed to the recent ban on homosexual men donating blood, implemented due to concerns surrounding acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), as a catalyst for this frustration. He noted that a call from an Auckland activist to disregard the ban until discriminatory laws were addressed further exemplified the discontent within the gay community regarding how they are treated by society. While Gaw acknowledged understanding the motivations behind such drastic actions, he made it clear that he could not support the proposed strategy to ignore the blood donation ban. He remarked on the disparity in societal expectations, which assumes that gay men should shoulder the same responsibilities as others, despite being denied equal rights and protections. Gaw also mentioned that the coalition has reached out to the Minister of Health, Mr Malcolm, seeking clarity on the government's plans to enhance the rights of lesbians and homosexual men. The issues of legal rights and societal acceptance remain pressing concerns for the gay rights movement in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830817_2_94_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830817.2.94.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429883200
5210,17,08,1983,"The Sex-drive Factor (Press, 17 August 1983)","In a unique cultural twist, Brazil has redefined the concept of drive-ins, where rather than serving as venues for banking or cinema, they are primarily spaces for sexual encounters. According to the article by Martin Walker published on 17 August 1983 in the ""Guardian,"" these drive-ins consist of large, walled car parks featuring small cubicles for car parking and privacy curtains. With no beds or lounging areas, customers can hire a car space by the hour, utilising a bell system to order drinks, thus creating a distinct romantic ambiance. Despite predictions that drive-ins would become obsolete as societal morals relaxed, they remain popular in Brazil. Even those unable to afford their own vehicles can experience these spaces, as one owner has repurposed old, non-functioning cars to accommodate patrons. This persistence of drive-ins exists alongside a rapidly increasing market for pornography, with news kiosks displaying a range of explicit magazines that would be controversial in many countries. The emergence of the Brazilian porn industry can be traced back to state funding, which stimulated local film companies and led to a surge in soft porn comedies capturing public interest. Interestingly, the rise of pornography in Brazil has not sparked significant public backlash. Religious institutions and the feminist movement have largely overlooked the issue, focusing instead on more pressing matters such as abortion rights and political freedom. Feminist Maria Fuentes explains that pornography is considered a marginal concern amid Brazil's broader socio-political struggles, although some suggest the ruling generals might find it beneficial for maintaining troop morale. The discourse around sexual liberation in Brazil has been recently highlighted by Herbert Daniel, a former urban guerrilla and one of the last Brazilian exiles. Now a best-selling author, he has stirred conversation with his provocative book titled ""Alligators and Werewolves."" The title is derived from a perplexing Brazilian proverb and is interpreted as critique of traditional machismo. Daniel asserts that true machismo lies in promiscuous homosexuality, as it embodies a commitment to maximum sexual conquests. In the media frenzy surrounding his book, many are curious about the sexual lives of guerrillas in the revolutionary period Daniel belonged to. Contrary to expectations of wild sexual escapades, Daniel disclosed that for seven years, he suppressed his sexual desires in favour of the revolutionary cause, stating that the guerrillas maintained a rather puritanical lifestyle. However, he admits that they would occasionally seek the privacy offered by drive-ins. Overall, the article reveals a complex interplay of sexual freedom, societal norms, and political contexts within Brazilian culture.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830817_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830817.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,429883200
7297,25,08,1983,"Coalition Welcomes A.I.D.S. Decision (Press, 25 August 1983)","On 25 August 1983, the National Gay Rights Coalition expressed its support for the Minister of Health's decision to classify Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) as a notifiable disease. The coalition's general secretary, Mr Hugh Gaw, highlighted that this classification is essential for controlling the disease and conducting research to find potential cures, as it necessitates tracking those who have contracted the illness and identifying individuals at risk. Despite welcoming the announcement, Gaw voiced concerns regarding the specific targeting of gay men. He pointed out that the Minister, Mr Malcolm, had indicated that AIDS transmission was primarily associated with homosexual men who have multiple partners. Gaw countered this claim by noting that AIDS cases have also been documented among haemophiliacs, drug users, and individuals from Haiti, as well as among those outside these categories. He warned that labelling gay men as scapegoats is not only unfair but potentially harmful. Gaw cautioned that focusing on one demographic overlooks the broader implications of the disease and could foster complacency in the general population about the risks of transmission and the need for vigilance and education regarding AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830825_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830825.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,430574400
6524,25,08,1983,"Deferred Sentence For Stabbing (Press, 25 August 1983)","On 25 August 1983, a transsexual named Sybil Jane Damon, also known as Desmond Wayne MacDonald, was given a deferred sentence for three years after she was found guilty of stabbing a woman, Gina Parata, three times during a violent altercation in a flat on Peterborough Street. The incident occurred on 22 February 1983 when a group described as a ""pack of angry, drunken jackals"" invaded the flat, leading to a fight over furniture left by a previous tenant. Damon, aged 30 and working at a hamburger bar, admitted to being a transsexual as assessed by her psychiatrist. Her boyfriend, 29-year-old Gordon Andrew Billings, who was sentenced to four months of non-residential periodic detention, was found guilty of suppressing evidence by washing Damon’s fingerprints from the knife used in the stabbing. Billings had been trying to seek police assistance when the incident occurred and had previously attempted to mediate during the impending conflict. During sentencing, Mr Justice Cook acknowledged that Damon's violent act was not premeditated and stemmed from the chaotic situation caused by the group that invaded their flat. The court heard that Damon had requested police help before the stabbing took place, and the injuries inflicted on Parata resulted in no permanent disability. The probation reports on both individuals were compassionate, highlighting that Damon had not been convicted of a violent crime in over five years and had significantly changed her life, overcoming substance addictions. Damon's relationship with Billings was portrayed as stable and supportive, allowing both to improve their lives. Mr Justice Cook ultimately decided against a custodial sentence for Damon, recognising the complexities of her situation given her gender transition and the disturbing circumstances surrounding the altercation. He expressed concern that sending her to prison could undermine her progress and emotional stability. Regarding Billings, the judge acknowledged that while he suppressed evidence, the act was not severe enough to warrant harsh punishment, given his role as a protector of Damon. While he emphasised the seriousness of interfering with police investigations, Cook considered the context of Billings' actions, noting the close relationship with Damon and the absence of his direct involvement in the initial fight. Thus, on this day in court, Damon received a deferred sentence, reflecting the complexities of her case and the societal challenges faced due to her gender identity, while Billings faced a lesser sentence for his actions in support of her.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830825_2_35_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830825.2.35.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,430574400
6685,27,08,1983,"One-act Play Competition (Press, 27 August 1983)","The 1983 Shell Festival of Community Plays took place at the Ngaio Marsh Theatre in Christchurch, organised by the New Zealand Theatre Federation on 26 and 27 August. This event highlights the finals of the national one-act play competition, showcasing the best talent from various drama groups across the country. The festival featured seven selected plays, chosen from over 100 productions, demonstrating a high standard of creativity and performance. The Canterbury District of the Federation hosted both the finals and the Annual Theatre Federation Conference, with Mrs Margaret Sadler Watson of Tauranga serving as the judge. The festival was inaugurated by Christchurch's Mayor Sir Hamish Hay, followed by performances of three of the seven plays. One of the first plays, ""Nightbird,"" written and directed by Clare Corridan for the Northland Players, Kaikohe, explores interactions in a New Zealand university town where a young man invades the bedroom of a lesbian student who unexpectedly returns from a vacation. The play examines themes of dominance and submission between genders, with a strong feminist underpinning. However, its length detracted from its overall impact, as it missed key opportunities for dramatic exits. Marguerite Vanderkolk's portrayal of the young woman reflected a credible sense of fear, while Chris Blenkinsopp's performance as the young man maintained an ambiguous intent that engaged the audience. ""Drink the Mercury,"" directed by Heather Giles for the Rangiora Dramatic Society, follows the tragic story of mercury poisoning in Minamata, Japan, through a blend of didactic storytelling and Japanese mime. The ensemble's use of masks and traditional clothing, along with musicians playing authentic Japanese instruments, added depth to the performance. The narrative centers on a family's struggle against unresponsive authorities, highlighting the severe and lasting effects of mercury on the nervous system. The simplicity and emotional impact of the play resonated strongly with audiences. Another notable performance was ""Out of the Flying Pan,"" a parody by David Compton, directed by Mickie Reid for the Globe Theatre, Dunedin. This play satirises civil service jargon and the absurdities of political negotiation. The comedic execution proved challenging, yet the production was praised for its fluency. John Reid's portrayal of Character B was particularly commendable for its striking presence and clear diction, while Beverley Reid's performance as Character A effectively conveyed the piece's dynamics. This successful execution ultimately led to this performance being favoured during the adjudication. Overall, the festival showcased a diverse array of topics and styles, providing an engaging platform for community theatre in New Zealand and highlighting the continued importance of dramatic arts in addressing social and political themes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830827_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830827.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,430747200
5212,29,08,1983,"One-act Play Finals (Press, 29 August 1983)","The 1983 Shell Festival of Community Plays, organised by the New Zealand Theatre Federation, took place at the Ngaio Marsh Theatre on 27 August. The national finals concluded with the Globe Theatre's production ""Out of the Flying Pan"" being named the winning play. From over 100 community one-act plays performed across the country, seven finalists were selected, and Mrs Margaret Sadler Watson served as the judge for the event. This year's festival also coincided with the Theatre Federation's annual conference, commemorating its fiftieth anniversary and marking the beginning of significant sponsorship from Shell New Zealand. At the event, Mr Gregory Aim, the director of public affairs at Shell, announced scholarships for Summer School Drama and presented awards, including a New Producer Award to Stephanie Smith from Greymouth and a $500 New Zealand Author Award to Clare Corridan of Kaikohe. Three scholarships to Summer School Drama were awarded to Marlborough's Tamara Henry and Tom Vavasour, along with Victoria Rutherford from Hawke's Bay. The finals featured four performances. ""Find Me,"" by Olwyn Wymark, directed by Julie Hopkirk for the Marlborough Repertory Society, depicted the struggles of a disturbed child affecting her family deeply. The poignant story emphasised the difficulties in securing institutional care and showcased the familial guilt surrounding the child’s eventual commitment to a mental institution. Next was ""Funeral Games,"" a black comedy by Joe Orton, directed by Les Maiden for the Manawatu Theatre Society. This unconventional play delved into themes of wife-murder through humour, particularly focusing on a parsimonious bishop attempting to gain public favour. The performance was marked by Mike Smith's lively portrayal of an anarchistic character and John Payne’s authoritative presence as the bishop, showcasing Orton's signature wit. A highlight of the evening was ""The First Time,"" crafted by Welby Ings for One Off Players in Auckland. This piece offered a sensitive exploration of a homosexual one-night stand, presenting two contrasting perspectives. The work employed flashback sequences blended with dance to evoke emotion, further enhanced by the superb performance and lighting. The final performance was a musical titled ""Sometime Sunday,"" written and directed by Charles Harter for Shoestring Theatre, Wellington. This song cycle, featuring a mix of moods and styles such as blues, jazz, and rock opera, demonstrated professional choreography and exceptional vocal performances, pleasing the audience significantly. Overall, the festival showcased performances that blurred the lines between amateur and professional theatre, delivering an evening of exemplary entertainment that resonated with the audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830829_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830829.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,430920000
5213,03,09,1983,"6 Years Jail (Press, 3 September 1983)","Clifford Lee Stone, a 24-year-old man, has been sentenced to six years in prison for the voluntary manslaughter of 30-year-old Rose Marie McNeil in San Diego. Stone claimed that he killed McNeil in self-defence, asserting that she attempted to sexually assault him. The court heard his emotional response as he broke down in tears when the sentence was announced. The tragic incident unfolded in a park, culminating in Stone's conviction and subsequent sentencing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830903_2_119_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830903.2.119.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,431352000
6686,10,09,1983,"Militant Faction (Press, 10 September 1983)","The national conference on rape and sexual violence, organised by the Young Women’s Christian Association (Y.W.C.A.), took place at Victoria University and attracted about 500 women. Despite its purpose, the conference faced disruptions from a militant faction of lesbian activists who attempted to dominate the discussions. Mrs. Kate Weir, the Y.W.C.A. national president, remarked on the positive outcomes emerging from the conference in the aftermath of these disruptions. As the conference concluded, some participants expressed feeling overwhelmed and ""battered"" by the experience, yet acknowledged the educational value of confronting these challenging issues rather than retreating to comfortable surroundings. Sue Dyson, representing the Australian Y.W.C.A., highlighted the conference's focus on the dynamics of power exerted over women through rape and sexual violence. During the final plenary session, a heated moment occurred when representatives from the militant faction voiced their discontent with the conference's structure, particularly the voting process. They argued that voting would favour the perspectives of middle-class, white women, dismissing the views of a more diverse representation. This led to a decision not to vote on the remits but instead to present them as coming from the workshops themselves. A contentious point arose over a remit advocating for a police programme called “Keeping ourselves safe” to be implemented in primary schools, which some militants wanted removed. This sparked debate about the implications of not voting, as one participant articulated that rejecting the voting process also meant relinquishing the power to influence recommendations. Additionally, there were voices within the conference that called for a more unified discussion format instead of dividing into smaller workshops, hinting at a desire for inclusivity across all perspectives, including issues of racism. However, sentiments expressed indicated that some felt the militant faction aimed to dominate the discussions. The conference included workshops specifically for Māori and Pacific Island women, acknowledging the need for cultural sensitivity. A notable incident involved a request for a participant with ties to the Solomon Islands to leave a Pacific Island workshop, as it was designated for women of colour. Throughout the sessions, the presence of self-identified “feminist lesbians” was prominent, leading some heterosexual participants to feel sidelined. One Polynesian woman voiced her frustration over the existence of exclusive spaces for lesbian participants, questioning why there wasn't a similar provision for heterosexual women. Overall, the conference attempted to address critical issues regarding sexual violence and women's rights, yet it also reflected significant tensions among different factions within the women’s movement regarding representation, inclusion, and the process of collective decision-making.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830910_2_99_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830910.2.99.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,431956800
6916,12,09,1983,"Paris Police Move To Oust Transvestites (Press, 12 September 1983)","In September 1983, the Paris vice squad initiated efforts to clear out approximately 500 Brazilian transvestite prostitutes from the Bois de Boulogne, a wooded area on the city's outskirts. Their growing presence had begun to attract not only local Parisians but also tourists, vendors, and thieves, leading to increasing complaints from residents. The area had historically been a site for prostitution, but the emergence of organised groups of transvestites over the past two years had significantly changed the landscape, even displacing traditional sex workers. Police Commissioner Raymond Dematteis, overseeing the clean-up operation, described the situation as chaotic, likening the wood to a “zoo” where onlookers came to observe the “strange man-woman creatures.” During fine Saturday evenings, the area drew as many as 5,000 visitors, encouraged by recent promotional efforts by Paris tourist agencies that included maps highlighting local attractions. Food vendors began to set up shop, further turning the Bois de Boulogne into a bustling scene for both enjoyment and criminal activity, such as pickpocketing and scams. To maintain order, unmarked police patrols began nightly operations starting at 11 p.m. The strategy involved making arrests until about 3 a.m., typically capturing around 50 transvestites each night. Officers often waded through dense underbrush during these operations, taking care to navigate the nylon lines the transvestites would string between trees as a means of securing their territory. Arrests led to the formal processing of offenders at two main police stations, where they would be fingerprinted, charged, and subsequently fined 600 francs (approximately $131). Many of the Brazilian transvestites resorted to sex work out of necessity, using the income to fund surgeries in a quest to transition into women. The cost of these procedures at specialised clinics in Morocco and Britain could reach as high as $11,000, reflecting the financial burden many faced in pursuit of their gender identity. The city's crackdown indicates a broader tension between the enforcement of law and the realities of individuals seeking to carve out a life within society's margins.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830912_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830912.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,432129600
5214,14,09,1983,"Guests Arrested (Press, 14 September 1983)","In Buenos Aires, at least 300 guests were arrested during a homosexual “marriage” ceremony. The arrests were part of ongoing investigations related to a troubling series of recent murders targeting homosexuals. This incident has drawn attention to the issues of safety and violence within the LGBTQ+ community in Argentina, highlighting the serious challenges faced by individuals in this community during that time. The event, meant to celebrate love and commitment, instead became a focal point for law enforcement scrutiny and raised significant concerns regarding the rights and protections afforded to homosexual individuals in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830914_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830914.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,432302400
6917,15,09,1983,"Woman Ordered To Repay D.p.b. (Press, 15 September 1983)","On 14 September 1983, in the District Court, Judge Unwin sentenced Sharon Faulkner, a 25-year-old woman, to repay an overpayment of $5639 she had received in domestic purposes benefits. Faulkner admitted to charges of receiving benefits while living in a de facto relationship and failing to inform the Department of Social Welfare of her changed circumstances. The judge mandated that she repay $1000 within 12 months, failing which she would face two months in prison. Faulkner’s counsel explained that she had been embarrassed by reports regarding her personal life, including accusations about taking in a boarder after her husband left for Australia. Faulkner stated that her de facto partner's income was insufficient for their needs. In another case, a former Post Office clerk, 21-year-old Wayne Vincent Jones, was given a three-year deferred sentence for stealing $1100 from his employer to cover an overdraft and make a horse bet. He was fined $150 for each of the two charges and had already repaid the stolen amount. Philip John Harding, 24, was convicted of possessing cannabis after police found 107 cannabis plants in his car which he claimed to have discovered during a fishing trip. He was fined $250. No signs of plant care were evident, supporting Harding’s claim of unintentional possession. Whanui Tumanako Puru, a 25-year-old beneficiary, faced five charges of stealing books from various libraries and schools. He was fined $150. Puru admitted committing the offences over a period from December 1980 to June 1983 and explained that he intended to keep the books for personal use. A 39-year-old labourer, Patau Malabai Tulia, was remanded for a defended hearing on 4 October for a charge of indecently assaulting a 30-year-old woman. In a different case, 18-year-old Gordon Thomas Young was involved in a ""smash and grab"" theft of sheepskin rugs and bags worth nearly $500 from a Hornby shop. He was remanded in custody for a probation report and further sentencing due to previous offences. Other co-defendants were also charged in connection with the incident. Lastly, John Arthur Bradey, a 50-year-old book binder, was convicted for stealing a car valued at $3500 from a sales yard and was remanded on bail for a probation report. He admitted to taking the vehicle while it was unattended. A 28-year-old man, Mark Anthony Albert, was charged with a series of serious offences including escape from prison, burglary, and assault, and was remanded in custody.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830915_2_39_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830915.2.39.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,432388800
5215,19,09,1983,"A.I.D.S. Means Decay — Paper (Press, 19 September 1983)","On 19 September 1983, the official Chinese newspaper, Guangming Daily, published an article characterising AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) as ""the homosexual disease"" and suggesting it epitomised the moral decline of capitalist societies. The piece, featured in a column named ""Glimpses of the West,"" asserted that AIDS was a manifestation of societal decay, linking its emergence primarily to the homosexual community as well as drug addicts, although it emphasised homosexuality. The article stated that AIDS first surfaced among homosexuals in California and highlighted a perceived correlation between the disease and the moral values prevalent in capitalist societies. It claimed that the prevalence of AIDS among gay men was indicative of broader moral issues within those societies. Additionally, the article cited concerns about the influence of homosexuals in political matters, suggesting they could sway elections, despite being marginalised. Guangming Daily's rhetoric reflected China's stringent views on homosexuality, which is criminalised under its conservative sexual ethics. The newspaper's language reinforced the state’s puritanical stance on sexual conduct and positioned AIDS not just as a health crisis but as a social commentary on the ills of Western lifestyles. The article concluded with a reference to a headline from a Geneva newspaper that framed AIDS as a divine punishment linked to lifestyles that breached traditional moral values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830919_2_82_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830919.2.82.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,432734400
5216,23,09,1983,"Not The Town Hall (Press, 23 September 1983)","On 23 September 1983, the Michael Fowler Centre, also known as the Wellington Town Hall, was officially opened with a blend of grand spectacle and unrefined entertainment. The opening ceremony was marked by an air of sophistication, featuring music that, while vibrant, was somewhat disjointed. The event commenced with a display from 22D Battery, adding a touch of ceremonial pride, while the performance of Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture exemplified New Zealand's growing artistic maturity, despite the composer being Russian and somewhat detached from the local culture. A notable highlight was the presence of Edward Heath, a former British Prime Minister, who delivered a well-structured opening address. His polished oratory offered a stark contrast to local political figures, showcasing a level of knowledge and vision that some observers felt was often lacking. Heath's competence was refreshing, especially compared to the more commonplace political rhetoric familiar to many in attendance. However, after the sophisticated opening, the ensuing events, notably the “New Zealand Showcase Spectacular,” descended into a less impressive display. The show featured a mix of performers who were described as tedious and indistinguishable, all delivered within a flashy and overwhelming visual framework that detracted from the performances themselves. The acts were introduced by Peter Sinclair, who dubbed them “the cream of New Zealand's performing artists,” an assertion met with skepticism by viewers who expected more substantial talent. Among the performers, the Wellington Pipe Band and the New Zealand Army Band received positive mention, providing notable moments amidst an otherwise lackluster lineup. Despite an overarching theme of brashness, one highlight of the event was stand-up comedian Lynn of Tawa, who was praised for her ability to craft comedy from unrefined material, standing out as a singular talent in a sea of mediocrity. In conclusion, while the opening of the Michael Fowler Centre had its moments of elegance and promise, the subsequent showcase left much to be desired, marking a contrast between high aspirations and the reality of local entertainment quality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19830923_2_77_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19830923.2.77.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,433080000
7099,03,10,1983,"Gays Seek World Ban On Air N.Z. (Press, 3 October 1983)","On 3 October 1983, homosexual communities in New Zealand expressed their discontent with Air New Zealand, urging others to avoid flying with the airline due to alleged discrimination. The push was partly spearheaded by the editor of the gay magazine “Out,” Mr Charles DeWitt, who claimed that the airline's chairman, Mr R. A. Owens, was openly anti-gay and had instructed the airline to refrain from engaging with the gay community. The controversy originated from promotional brochures on group travel that were produced by the airline's San Francisco office a year prior. These brochures were designed to attract homosexual groups to travel to New Zealand. However, following several complaints, including one from a doctor concerned about the potential spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), the airline opted not to reprint the brochures once they were sold out. Air New Zealand maintained that it did not discriminate against homosexuals, asserting that while it would accept group travel bookings from them, it would not actively promote travel specifically for gay groups. Mr Vern Mitchell, the airline's public affairs officer, defended this stance, suggesting that their decision was purely practical rather than discriminatory. Mr DeWitt sought to communicate directly with Mr Owens and the airline's chief executive, Mr Norman Geary, but found himself redirected to Mr Mitchell, whose attitude he described as indifferent and dismissive. He described a significant disconnect between the airline executives' understanding of the gay community's influence and engagement. DeWitt highlighted the slogan ""We are everywhere,"" indicating that the community would rally support from unions and labour groups in cities like Los Angeles and seek collective action against the airline. The campaign could escalate to a boycott against Air New Zealand, potentially barring its aircraft from landing in the United States and at Gatwick Airport in the United Kingdom. Mr DeWitt announced plans for the magazine to publish international press releases to inform the global gay community of Air New Zealand's position and intended to reach out to other airlines for their perspectives on the matter. This situation marked a significant moment in the discourse around corporate responsibility and discrimination within the airline industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831003_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831003.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,433944000
5217,08,10,1983,"Support For Gay Scout (Press, 8 October 1983)","A California court has ruled that the Boy Scouts of America cannot expel a member for being homosexual. The District Court of Appeals announced this decision on 7 October 1983, overturning a previous state Superior Court ruling that had allowed the Boy Scouts to maintain their policy of excluding homosexuals from membership. The court’s decision stemmed from the case of Timothy Curran, an Eagle Scout who was dismissed two years prior after disclosing his sexual orientation. The 38-page ruling stated that the actions of the scout officials violated Curran's rights, indicating that the use of homosexuality as grounds for expulsion was arbitrary and violated the common-law right to fair procedure. The court's judgement particularly highlighted the need for fair treatment within organisations, potentially opening the door for similar cases across other states. In their defense, the Boy Scouts had pointed to their charter, which explicitly excluded both girls and homosexuals from membership, arguing it was within their rights to uphold this policy. However, the court's ruling challenges the legitimacy of such exclusions and may lead to significant changes in how the organisation handles issues related to sexual orientation in the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831008_2_81_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831008.2.81.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,434376000
5218,13,10,1983,"Big Hunt On For A.I.D.S. Agent (Press, 13 October 1983)","As of October 1983, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has affected over 2000 individuals in the United States. Despite significant investments and efforts into AIDS research, scientists remain perplexed by the disorder's elusive causative agent. The first cases were acknowledged in 1981, contrasting sharply with the rapid identification of the bacterium responsible for Legionnaires’ disease in 1976. To identify a new disease's cause, researchers typically examine the symptoms, development, and incidence patterns. This process helps to suggest whether the agent is bacterial, viral, or fungal and guides scientists on where to look. Unlike Legionnaires' disease, which specifically impacted lung tissue, AIDS is known to be transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids and targets T-cells, integral to the immune system's function. Most researchers suspect AIDS is caused by a virus, specifically a variant that may share characteristics with known immune-suppressing viruses. One candidate for the AIDS agent is the human T-cell leukaemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV), which is associated with certain cancers and affects the same T-cells involved in AIDS. In laboratory settings, various screening methods can assist in identifying the type of infective agent involved. For instance, viruses are significantly smaller than bacteria, with the flu virus measuring only 0.08 microns across, which presents challenges in detection. Advanced techniques like electron microscopy can detect viral particles during replication, while specialised tests can identify particular classes of bacteria or viruses through the use of specific stains or growth media. To detect novel agents, especially those that have not been previously identified, scientists rely on a range of test methods, including the use of biological probes that react with known agents' molecular markers. However, if the target agent is entirely new, existing probes may fail to detect it. Researchers are hoping that AIDS may be a variant of an existing virus, allowing for some cross-recognition. One significant hurdle in AIDS research is that the virus compromises the immune defence, making patients susceptible to a variety of opportunistic infections, which complicates the identification process. This necessitates examining patients in the disease's early stages to differentiate the AIDS agent from other pathogens. Compounding these challenges is the nature of viruses, which are minuscule and may integrate their genetic material into the DNA of the cells they infect, making isolation and study difficult. To date, most tests aimed at identifying the AIDS agent have yielded inconclusive results, with antibody tests revealing some correlation to HTLV. About 30 percent of AIDS patient serum samples harbour antibodies to HTLV compared to only 5 percent in healthy individuals. Researchers are exploring various strategies to further investigate the AIDS agent, including examining atypical tissues from AIDS patients, using fluorescent markers to visualise unusual viruses, and attempting to develop an animal model for the disease. Scientists are hopeful that due to the rapid spread of AIDS, there will be ample patient samples to facilitate identification of the causative virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831013_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831013.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,434808000
5219,21,10,1983,"A.I.D.S. On Agenda (Press, 21 October 1983)","The National Gay Rights Coalition is set to convene in Wellington for its annual meeting this weekend, with a primary focus on the deadly disease A.1.D.5. Participants will discuss strategies for addressing the potential arrival of this illness in New Zealand. In addition to the health crisis, the two-day gathering will also address various concerns affecting the lesbian and homosexual communities, including plans for a rights campaign ahead of the General Election scheduled for the following year. The meeting aims to mobilise efforts and foster solidarity within the community while preparing to tackle both health and political challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831021_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831021.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,435499200
5220,21,10,1983,"Bishops Seek A New Belief In Sin (Press, 21 October 1983)","The Roman Catholic Church is currently grappling with the concept of sin, as highlighted by an ongoing month-long bishops' synod in Rome that began earlier this month and is set to conclude on 25 October 1983. Over 200 bishops are participating in the synod, which focuses on ""reconciliation and penance in the mission of the Church."" This theme aligns with Pope John Paul II's continuous emphasis since his election five years ago on the Church's mission of saving souls, which he has stated becomes increasingly difficult if there is a lack of awareness of sin. Pope John Paul II has expressed deep concern about what he considers a diminishing sense of sin in the modern world, calling it ""the most frightening of all the evils which afflict the world today."" He has critiqued contemporary perspectives that trivialise sin as merely a social aberration requiring therapeutic intervention, or that attribute it solely to social injustices while exonerating individual accountability. The decline in the observance of the sacrament of penance, specifically confession, illustrates this issue within the Church. Statistics from France indicate a shocking drop in regular confession among Catholics; only 1 per cent attend at least once a month, down from 23 per cent in 1952. Moreover, the percentage of Catholics who have never confessed has risen from 54 per cent in 1952 to 69 per cent in 1983. This retreat from confession correlates with widespread rejection of the Church's teachings on sexuality, particularly the stance against artificial contraception, remarriage after divorce, and, for some, homosexual relationships. Many Catholics either avoid confession due to fear of challenging questions or justify taking communion without confession by claiming to follow their individual conscience. One proposal to help bring lapsed Catholics back to the sacraments is the introduction of general absolution, which would serve as a substitute for personal confession. However, the Pope has been resistant to this idea, allowing general absolution only in exceptional cases, such as in missionary areas with limited access to priests. He has called for more personal confessions, expressing preference for frequent and fervent individual interactions during this sacrament. Within the synod, various bishops are challenging traditional views on sin. French bishops advocate for a redefinition of sin to encompass grave acts like terrorism and torture, while Cardinal Jaime Sin from the Philippines contends that the Church should engage in denouncement of injustices as part of its mission of reconciliation. He argues that addressing injustices must lead to conversion, and thus reconciliation within the community. Additionally, a Canadian archbishop spoke about the necessity of reconciling gender dynamics within the Church, calling for men to acknowledge their historical domination of Church institutions. While the Pope is present at the synod, he is not directly participating in the discussions. Based on his previous stances, it appears unlikely that he will alter his views in response to the calls for significant sacramental changes from some members of the church hierarchy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831021_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831021.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,435499200
5221,22,10,1983,"Mysterious Crown Jewels (Press, 22 October 1983)","A recent telephone call from an elderly woman to the Dublin police has sparked renewed interest in one of Ireland's most infamous mysteries: the theft of the Irish crown jewels from Dublin Castle in 1907. The jewels, reported to be worth over $4.5 million and encrusted with diamonds, emeralds, and rubies, were a gift from William IV of England to the Order of Saint Patrick in 1830. They were stolen on the morning of 6 July 1907, when a safe in a secure tower was discovered open and emptied. Since then, the jewels have never been recovered. The caller claimed that her grandmother had taken her to a location outside Dublin in her childhood and had indicated that the jewels were buried there. After being sworn to secrecy for many years, the woman's father’s recent death prompted her to share this information. While police initially viewed the call sceptically, the national museum found her details compelling enough to conduct a search in the mountains southwest of Dublin using metal-detectors and shovels, but they found nothing. Despite this, the police have committed to continuing the search. The history of the jewels is marred by scandal and intrigue, with connections to the political tensions of the time. The theft occurred just before a planned visit by Edward VII to Ireland, where he would have worn the jewels at ceremonial functions. There has long been speculation that the theft may have been orchestrated by Republican sympathisers aiming to embarrass the British monarchy. Concerns about insider involvement have persisted, particularly regarding three heralds and an assistant who were responsible for the jewels’ security. Sir Arthur Vicars, a key suspect, was rumoured to have been involved in a scandal that might have led to blackmail. The case has an even darker history, as three of the heralds connected to the jewels either died violently or disappeared under suspicious circumstances. In 1914, assistant herald Pierce O’Mahony was found shot beside his boathouse. The following year, Francis Shackleton, brother of the famous Antarctic explorer, vanished after his release from prison for fraud. Sir Arthur Vicars met a gruesome end in 1921 when he was murdered, labelled a spy and informer. The continuing mystery captivates public interest, as questions linger about how such a significant theft could occur undetected in one of the most secure buildings in Ireland. The precise roles and motivations of those involved remain subjects of speculation, contributing to the enduring intrigue of the case more than seventy-six years after the jewels disappeared.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831022_2_125_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831022.2.125.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,435585600
5222,25,10,1983,"Gays Seek Rights (Press, 25 October 1983)","On 25 October 1983, homosexual lobbyists in Wellington announced their intention to exert pressure on candidates for the upcoming General Election in a bid to secure greater legal protections under human rights legislation and to advocate for the decriminalisation of male homosexuality. This declaration followed the annual meeting of the National Gay Rights Coalition, where members discussed strategies to promote pro-gay policies and gain political support. The coalition aims to influence the political landscape and ensure that gay rights are addressed in the electoral discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831025_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831025.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,435844800
5223,25,10,1983,"Texas Wants To Deport Gay Millionaire (Press, 25 October 1983)","Richard John Longstaff, a 44-year-old Englishman who runs two clothing stores in Texas, has been denied United States citizenship due to his homosexuality and is now facing deportation to the United Kingdom. Longstaff has lived in the US since 1965, but his legal troubles began in 1976 when he applied for citizenship. During the naturalisation process, immigration officials alleged that he violated Texas penal laws that criminalise homosexual behaviour. This led to excessive scrutiny, harassment, and threats from immigration officials, according to Longstaff, who described the situation as extremely unjust. Despite his efforts to gain citizenship, Longstaff lost his case in a federal court in Houston and subsequently in an appeals court in New Orleans. Legal experts indicate that he is now considered to be in the US illegally, which makes him subject to expulsion. Longstaff has reportedly spent $20,000 on legal fees and is contemplating whether to appeal to the Supreme Court. While immigration officials have not made official comments on his case, Longstaff revealed that he has been frequently warned of the risk of imminent deportation. The roots of his situation can be traced back to the Walter-McCarran Immigration Act of 1952, which effectively excluded homosexuals by categorising them as ""psychopathic personalities."" When Longstaff immigrated in 1965, he answered ""No"" to a question regarding any affliction with a psychopathic personality. However, federal judges later found this response misleading due to his previous homosexual activities, leading to the assessment that he lacked good moral character. The current landscape concerning homosexuality within the United States is evolving, as public attitudes have softened over the years. Notably, the Texas law that criminalised homosexual acts was declared unconstitutional a year prior. Furthermore, homosexuality has increasingly gained visibility and acceptance across the country, with LGBTQ+ individuals forming significant political alliances and advocacy groups. Complicating matters for Longstaff is the fact that he does not currently possess an immigration card, having lost it some time ago, and the Immigration Service has yet to issue a replacement. He wishes to visit his family in England but fears that leaving the US would result in his permanent exclusion from re-entering. Reflecting on his ordeal, Longstaff expressed regret over his decision to pursue American citizenship, stating that if he had known the extent of the injustices he would face, he would not have attempted to become a citizen. Nevertheless, upon recognising the unfair treatment he received, he chose to fight for his rights in court.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831025_2_109_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831025.2.109.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,435844800
5224,26,10,1983,"‘End Of Day, End Of Drinking, End Of A Person’ (Press, 26 October 1983)","Dennis Nilsen, a former probationary policeman, is facing trial for the murders of at least 15 men, according to statements made during proceedings at London’s Old Bailey on 25 October 1983. Nilsen, 37 years old, was arrested after a plumber discovered numerous pieces of human flesh while clearing a blocked drain at his residence in north London. The prosecutor, Mr Allan Green, revealed that Nilsen confessed to the police about the killings over the prior four years at two different addresses in the area. Despite admitting to the overall number of killings, Nilsen has pleaded not guilty to the murders of six identified victims as well as to two charges of attempted murder. He plans to argue for a lesser charge of manslaughter based on diminished responsibility. Nilsen described himself as “emotionally homosexual” and claimed that he did not hate his victims, who included homosexuals and male prostitutes, highlighting that he felt those who needed his help would ultimately become victims. During the trial, Nilsen is said to have stated he adopted a ""quasi-God role"" in the lives of his victims. He reportedly recounted the draining experience of his first killing in 1978, detailing a scenario where he and the victim had been drinking heavily. Nilsen recounted how he had used a tie to strangle the victim, one of many ties he later mentioned in a chilling context, saying he started off with 15 and now had only a single clip-on left. The remains of his victims, Mr Green articulated, were disposed of using butchery skills acquired during Nilsen's 11 years as an Army cook. He would allegedly hide the remains under floorboards, talk about them as if they were a forgotten burden, and even attempted to destroy evidence by burning the bodies in bonfires. This practice continued when he moved to Muswell Hill, where he tried to boil and flush remains down the toilet. Nilsen’s confessions indicate a disturbing detachment from reality, as he remarked on killings with appalling calmness, suggesting he could simply ""meet somebody else"" after a murder. His capture followed a series of gruesome events that led to the investigations and eventual police engagement after the plumber discovered evidence at his property. Nilsen's case marks one of the largest mass-murder trials in British history, spotlighting the chilling acts he committed over several years, as he manipulated vulnerable individuals, often engaging them with the promise of companionship and alcohol before leading them to their tragic fates. As the trial progresses, Nilsen's assertion that he wishes to unburden himself of these secrets adds a puzzling layer to a story filled with horror and complexity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831026_2_66_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831026.2.66.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,435931200
6918,26,10,1983,"He Was Britain’s ‘most Wanted Man’ (Press, 26 October 1983)","David Martin, a 36-year-old man, was sentenced to 25 years in prison for a series of violent crimes, which culminated in the shooting of Police Constable Nick Carr on 5 August 1982. This incident unfolded during a burglary at a film processing laboratory, where Martin, dressed as a woman, attempted to disguise himself as a security guard. Despite his efforts to bluff his way out, he became flustered when challenged by officers and drew a hidden gun, injuring Carr in the groin during the ensuing struggle. The trial, taking place at the Old Bailey, lasted 15 days, during which Martin displayed a mixture of bravado and nonchalance. He joked about the unloaded gun presented to him in court, which was the same weapon used in the shooting, creating a moment of dark humour that the judge, Mr Justice Kilner-Brown, acknowledged. Martin was convicted on multiple charges including wounding a police officer, burglary, theft, and firearms offences. His acquittal on other charges, including one for the attempted murder of Carr, highlighted the complexity of the case. Born in Paddington in 1947, Martin's early life hinted at a troubled future. He had a history of criminal activity, including fraud and burglary, and had served time in detention and prison. Martin's violent tendencies emerged early, with a notable incident of assaulting police officers at age 18. Over the years, he developed a fierce anti-authority attitude, stemming from his long-term incarceration, including a notorious escape from Brixton prison. His criminal trajectory became increasingly erratic and dangerous, encompassing shoot-outs with police and a bizarre transvestite life, where he often hid weapons in women's clothing. Friends noted his peculiar enjoyment of dressing in drag, while he maintained romantic relationships with women. His last girlfriend, Sue Stephens, inadvertently became part of the police effort to capture him, acting as bait when they set a trap for Martin. Following the shooting of Carr, Martin fled to Europe, hiding out in Spain and France before returning to the UK. His eventual capture on 15 September was marked by confusion over his gender as he was initially mistaken for a woman amidst the chaos of the police ambush. During the standoff, he threatened officers with a gun, prompting one to shoot him in the neck. Following his escape from custody on Christmas Eve, when police mistakenly shot a bystander they believed to be Martin, he remained on the run until he was finally captured. Martin’s final arrest came about when he unwittingly walked into a police trap, set after they anticipated his return to meet Stephens. Throughout his criminal career, Martin demonstrated a deep awareness of police methods and maintained a sense of pride in his criminal expertise. His obsession with firearms and security systems, developed while incarcerated, contributed to his reluctance to be captured. Despite his dark intentions, Martin's personality added a layer of complexity to his character, evoking both intrigue and disdain during his trial. Police authorities warned that Martin was armed and likely to use violence, reflecting the serious threat he posed throughout his criminal exploits.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831026_2_82_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831026.2.82.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,435931200
5225,27,10,1983,"Alleged Kill-bid Described (Press, 27 October 1983)","On 26 October 1983, Carl Stottor, a 22-year-old homosexual, provided crucial testimony against Dennis Nilsen, who is facing multiple charges of murder and attempted murder. Stottor recounted a harrowing encounter with Nilsen, claiming the defendant had tried to strangle and drown him in his flat. Stottor had met Nilsen at a gay bar in north London in May 1982, where they shared drinks and music before going to bed together. He described Nilsen as caring and attentive until the situation took a dark turn. Stottor testified that after expressing feelings of despair following a breakup, Nilsen had initially offered him encouragement. However, shortly after, Nilsen allegedly attempted to kill him on at least two occasions. Stottor vividly described waking up to find Nilsen's hands around his neck and passing out from the lack of oxygen. He recalled a terrifying moment when Nilsen took him to the bathroom and tried to drown him, pushing him beneath the water and ignoring his pleas for mercy. After regaining consciousness, Stottor found himself back in bed with Nilsen, who falsely assured him that he had just experienced a nightmare. Nilsen, 37, has pleaded not guilty to the charges but reportedly confessed to the police after his arrest in February 1983 that he had killed 15 or 16 young men and attempted to kill seven others between December 1978 and February 1983. Another alleged victim, 21-year-old Paul Nobbs, testified that Nilsen also tried to strangle him in a similar manner after their meeting in a Soho gay bar on 23 November 1981. Nobbs decided against reporting the incident to the police, fearing they would dismiss it as simply a lovers' quarrel. This testimony came on the second day of Nilsen's trial at the Old Bailey, which has captivated public attention due to the nature of the accusations and Nilsen's chilling admissions of previous crimes. The trial continues to unfold, shedding light on both the personal experiences of the survivors and the dark history of the accused.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831027_2_65_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831027.2.65.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,436017600
5226,28,10,1983,"Outcry Over Child Molesters (Press, 28 October 1983)","In 1983, British children's television began airing a 20-second public information film titled “Say No to Strangers,” created by the Government's Central Office of Information with assistance from the police. This film, featuring a 10-year-old girl and a menacing stranger attempting to lure her into his car with sweets, aims to address rising concerns over child safety amid growing public outcry regarding attacks on children by sexual predators and violent offenders. The film is being broadcast on both the British Broadcasting Corporation and Independent Television, with a longer version being shown in schools across the country. The initiative follows a series of disturbing incidents, including the abduction and murder of a five-year-old girl from Edinburgh in July 1983, suspected to be linked to the same individual who killed an 11-year-old girl the previous year. There have been numerous other reports of child assaults, including a five-year-old girl in Nottingham who was taken from outside a tavern, a two-year-old girl assaulted in Willesden, and a 15-year-old youth who attacked four young boys in Tamworth. Additionally, reports surfaced of muggings in south London involving an eight-month-old baby and an eight-week-old infant, showcasing a troubling trend of violence against women and children. The outcry over these cases prompted Home Secretary Leon Brittan to announce a review of police protocols for investigating such crimes. Brittan expressed public outrage regarding a particularly brutal assault on a six-year-old boy from Brighton, where three men attacked him before abandoning him nearly nine kilometres from his home. The case garnered significant attention, leading to public donations totalling $160,000 for a reward for information related to the perpetrators. In conjunction with these events, Brighton's homosexual community reported feeling unfairly targeted by blame for the rise in violence against children. Advocacy against child exploitation has intensified, including strong backlash against a group called the Paedophile Information Exchange, which advocates for the legalisation of sexual relationships between adults and consenting minors. Brittan condemned the group's views as ""utterly repugnant,"" although he refrained from further comments due to potential legal actions against its members. The Home Office disclosed that while there were 83 homicide victims under the age of 16 in 1981, it lacked comprehensive national statistics regarding sexual assaults on children, acknowledging a gap in data tracking such incidents. Contrastingly, psychologists have highlighted a concerning trend indicating that both violence against children and child-on-child violence are on the rise. The “Say No to Strangers” campaign and the public's furious response to recent crimes reflect broader societal anxieties concerning child safety, prompting authorities to reassess their approach to protecting vulnerable children from predatory behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831028_2_98_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831028.2.98.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,436104000
5227,01,11,1983,"A.I.D.S. May Be In N.Z. (Press, 1 November 1983)","On 1 November 1983, the Health Department of New Zealand indicated the possibility that cases of A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) could already be present in the country. Dr John Clements, the assistant director of disease prevention, mentioned that A.I.D.S. can take between six months to two years to show symptoms, during which time an infected person may not realise they have the disease. He noted that while it is theoretically possible for the disease to exist in New Zealand, there is currently no evidence to suggest it is present. To prepare for any potential cases, the Health Department has issued guidelines to district health offices on how to manage suspected instances of A.I.D.S. Dr Clements stated that there was no expectation of an imminent outbreak in New Zealand but emphasized the importance of taking precautionary measures in light of the situation in other countries, where over 2,000 A.I.D.S. cases have been reported globally, including in Australia. The specific cause of A.I.D.S. remains unknown, and there is no definitive test for diagnosing the condition. As a result, Dr Clements highlighted the necessity of confirming any reported cases before making diagnoses. In the event of a confirmed A.I.D.S. case, health officials would take steps to identify the source of the infection and notify possible contacts, advising them to refrain from sexual activity. A.I.D.S. is particularly prevalent among male homosexuals and drug users who share syringes, and it was designated a notifiable disease in New Zealand in August of the same year. The Health Department's guidelines also include recommendations for counselling to alleviate undue concerns and to encourage reduced sexual activity through abstinence. Dr Clements reassured the public that A.I.D.S. is not easily transmitted and that ordinary social interactions do not pose a risk. Even among homosexual men, the risk of transmitting A.I.D.S. can be significantly lowered if sexual activity is restricted to one partner.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831101_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831101.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,436446000
5228,01,11,1983,"September Sees Rise In British A.I.D.S. Cases (Press, 1 November 1983)","On 1 November 1983, a report by the Public Health Laboratory published in the British Medical Journal revealed a significant rise in the number of reported cases of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in Britain, which increased from 16 to 24 in September, marking a 50 per cent rise. Among the eight new cases reported, there were three fatalities. Notably, only one of the deceased was a homosexual man, while the other two deaths involved a man with haemophilia who reportedly received a blood-clotting agent tainted with blood from an A.I.D.S.-infected donor from the United States, and a woman with multiple sexual partners. The report indicated that four of the five homosexual men who had been diagnosed in September had sexual contact with individuals from the United States, while the fifth had contact with a person from the Caribbean. The Public Health Laboratory was also investigating several other suspected cases. A.I.D.S. is characterised by the deterioration of the body’s immune system, leading to increased vulnerability to various illnesses, including pneumonia, intestinal disorders, and particular cancers. Initially linked to homosexual men and drug users in the United States, where the disease first emerged in 1980, A.I.D.S. has also affected women, including a nun who left her order to engage with sex workers in the Caribbean. At that point in time, the disease had claimed a total of 10 lives in Britain, with experts suggesting that it had likely been introduced to the country by homosexual men returning from holidays in regions such as the United States and the Caribbean.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831101_2_73_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831101.2.73.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,436446000
5229,07,11,1983,"Mass Killer Jailed For Life (Press, 7 November 1983)","Dennis Nilsen, a former London policeman, was sentenced to life imprisonment on 5 November 1983 after being convicted of murdering six identified victims, although he claimed to have killed 15 young drifters. The 37-year-old Nilsen, who exhibited a detached demeanor during the court proceedings, was not found to be mentally ill, despite assertions from defence psychiatrists. They suggested he suffered from a mental disorder but could not ascertain a clear motive, while the prosecution argued that he simply derived pleasure from killing. The murders were committed during a period of extreme loneliness, as Nilsen took young men, predominantly aged between 16 and 28 and often homeless or jobless, from London bars to his home. Although he identified as homosexual, Nilsen rarely engaged sexually with his victims. Instead, after hours of drinking, he would strangle them with neckties, claiming to have started with 15 ties, leaving him with just one clip-on after the killings. Nilsen's methods of body disposal included burning the remains of 12 victims on bonfires in his back garden and later boiling and flushing the remains of his last three victims down the toilet. This change in disposal method ultimately led to his arrest when blocked plumbing resulted in the discovery of human remains. The police were alerted after a plumber stumbled upon the blockage. Born to a Norwegian Army officer and raised in Scotland, Nilsen had a troubled early life. He joined the British Army at 15 and later worked as a probationary policeman before becoming a civil servant. He struggled with his relationships and admitted to a yearning for companionship, saying, ""Everybody keeps walking out on me."" His trial revealed that he often viewed his victims as mere objects rather than individuals, as noted by defence experts. The investigation following his confession in February 1983 was extensive, resulting in the recovery of more than 1,000 pieces of human bone. However, identifying the victims proved challenging, with only 50 teeth found, many of which were distorted due to the fires he had used to dispose of the bodies. Nilsen's detailed recollections of his crimes and the names of some victims ultimately formed the basis of the evidence against him. Nilsen, who described himself as “the murderer of the century,” exhibited a chilling awareness of the gravity of his actions while expressing no remorse for his crimes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831107_2_61_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831107.2.61.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,436964400
5230,10,11,1983,"Nowhere To Go ... (Press, 10 November 1983)","In November 1983, an infant aged 14 months in Florida was diagnosed with AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) and was facing a grim prognosis, with only about three years to live. The child had lost her mother, a 33-year-old Haitian immigrant who succumbed to the disease just three weeks prior, while her father had abandoned her. The Florida Department of Health had ceased financial support for her hospital care, which cost approximately $655 per day. As a result, the staff at a Miami hospital were urgently seeking a foster home for her. Medical professionals confirmed that the baby likely contracted the disease either before or during birth due to exposure to her mother's contaminated blood. At that time, AIDS was predominantly affecting homosexual men, drug users, and Haitians, with the public displaying a prevalent fear and misunderstanding about the transmission of the disease. Despite the medical community's reassurances that AIDS could not be transmitted through casual contact, around 20 foster homes declined to take in the infant. The hospital’s social welfare assistant highlighted that these refusals were largely due to fear of contagion. This situation illustrated the growing concern and stigma surrounding AIDS during that period, as well as the challenges faced by those living with the disease, including vulnerable individuals like this child. The assistant noted that the infant's innocent smile was insufficient to alleviate the fears held by potential foster parents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831110_2_74_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831110.2.74.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,437223600
7028,18,11,1983,"New Portrayal Of Women (Press, 18 November 1983)","Published on 18 November 1983, the review discusses two new television series featuring female leads: ""Sara Dane"" and ""Widows."" The critique of ""Sara Dane,"" produced by the South Australian Film Corporation, expresses disappointment with its execution, describing the show as wooden and stilted. The reviewer highlights the characters' bizarre mixture of Scottish, Irish, and colonial accents, which detracts from the viewing experience. The protagonist, Sara Dane, is portrayed as emotionally restrained, communicating primarily through her expressions rather than dialogue, which the reviewer finds unconvincing. The analysis suggests that the dialogue and the depiction of women's roles in early Australia contribute to a sense of irony, linking the series to themes of women's liberation and historical limitations. The title ""Sara Dane"" is noted as an anagram for ""sad arena,"" further underscoring the show's perceived failure. In contrast, ""Widows"" is presented as a more engaging and gutsy series, centering on women who take control of their deceased husbands' organised crime operations. The characters are described as fitting archetypes often found in crime dramas, but with a gender twist. The main character, Dolly, is depicted as strong and resourceful, while Linda embodies a more sensual and emotional aspect. The third character, Shirley, is portrayed as the weak link in the group. The review finds ""Widows"" to be absorbing and effective in its portrayal of female empowerment, offering a fresh take on familiar crime narratives. It commends the show for its strong London setting and intriguing character dynamics, suggesting that it will resonate more deeply with audiences and contribute positively to the representation of women in media compared to ""Sara Dane."" Ultimately, the review indicates that ""Widows"" has the potential to do more for the cause of female representation in television storytelling than its counterpart.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831118_2_92_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831118.2.92.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,437914800
5231,18,11,1983,"Possible Appeal On Knifing Sentence (Press, 18 November 1983)","On 18 November 1983, William Marsters, a 27-year-old man from Hamilton, was sentenced to 18 months in jail after attacking his girlfriend's female lover, Kiritai Shirley Taylor, with a knife. He was convicted on a charge of wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm but was acquitted of more serious charges, including attempted murder and threatening to kill his girlfriend. The sentence was handed down by Mr Justice Prichard in the High Court at Hamilton. Mr Justice Prichard noted that as a result of the attack, Ms Taylor would be left permanently incapacitated, described as a ""vegetable."" However, he remarked on the ""unusual circumstances"" surrounding the case, which led him to impose a lenient sentence. Following the sentencing, the Crown Solicitor's office confirmed that the details of the case would be forwarded to the Crown Law office in Wellington, where an appeal against the leniency of the sentence may be considered. Hugh Gaw, the general secretary of the National Gay Rights Coalition, expressed outrage at the court's decision. He pointed out that members of the lesbian and gay community felt a sense of horror regarding the judgment and the leniency shown to Marsters. Gaw argued that despite the court's statement condemning attacks on defenceless individuals, the leniency applied in Marsters' case contradicted this position. He questioned what could justify such leniency given the severity of the attack, which had irrevocably harmed a young woman's life. Gaw also claimed that recent comments from Minister of Justice Mr McLay, advocating for the recognition of crime victims, had not been adequately reflected in the court's handling of this case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831118_2_89_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831118.2.89.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,437914800
5232,21,11,1983,"N.Z. Man Has A.I.D.S. (Press, 21 November 1983)","On 21 November 1983, a 29-year-old New Zealand man was confirmed as the second case of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (A.LD.S.) in New South Wales, according to Dr Allan Crawford, a senior specialist in public health at the New South Wales Health Department. This case marks the sixth overall diagnosis of A.LD.S. in Australia. The man is currently receiving treatment at St Vincent’s Hospital for an intestinal infection known as cryptosporidiosis and is reported to be in a serious condition. The man, described as a homosexual, is believed to have contracted the disease during extensive travels across the United States and Europe. In light of this case, officials from the New South Wales Health Department are actively working to identify individuals who may have had sexual contact with him to help mitigate the spread of the virus. The emergence of this case comes in a climate of concern, as two men have already died from A.LD.S. in Melbourne earlier in the year. Professor Ronald Penny, a member of an A.LD.S. advisory committee set up by the New South Wales government, expressed expectations that more cases may arise in the following months, although no specific projections were offered. There is also a commitment to sharing information regarding A.LD.S. cases between committees in New South Wales and Victoria, with the details of this latest case having been communicated to authorities in Victoria. Furthermore, the patient has engaged with a support group for A.LD.S. patients formed by the local homosexual community, illustrating the growing response to the disease within that demographic. This case highlights the ongoing public health challenge posed by A.LD.S. and underscores the importance of vigilance and communication in managing and containing the disease's spread. In a related note, an American individual diagnosed with A.LD.S. during a visit to Sydney earlier in the year has since returned to the United States, which adds another layer of complexity to the situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831121_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831121.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,438174000
5233,23,11,1983,"Details Sought On A.I.D.S. Man (Press, 23 November 1983)","The Health Department of New Zealand is seeking information regarding a 29-year-old man in Sydney who has been diagnosed with A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). The department has reached out to the New South Wales Department of Health to inquire whether the man, who is identified as homosexual, has recently travelled to New Zealand. Dr John Clements, the assistant director of disease prevention at the Health Department, indicated that he does not anticipate the response will indicate recent travel to New Zealand, as reports have suggested the man has instead been travelling in the United States and Europe. In the event that it is confirmed the man had visited New Zealand, health officials would implement measures to trace individuals he may have come into contact with during his stay. Following new guidelines released this month, any identified contacts would be strongly advised to refrain from engaging in sexual activities to mitigate any potential spread of the disease. The man is noted as the first confirmed New Zealander diagnosed with A.I.D.S. and is currently in serious condition at St Vincent’s Hospital in Sydney. His case is noteworthy as he is one of only two confirmed cases of A.I.D.S. in New South Wales.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831123_2_35_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831123.2.35.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,438346800
7177,25,11,1983,"Lange Walk-out Sparks Row (Press, 25 November 1983)","On 25 November 1983, a tumultuous event unfolded in the New Zealand Parliament, culminating in the Leader of the Opposition, Mr David Lange, walking out amidst a heated dispute. The incident occurred during the committee stage of the State Services Conditions of Employment Amendment Bill. Mr Lange sparked controversy with a derogatory remark, referring to the Leader of the House, Mr Thomson, as a ""poofter"" while delivering a speech that was largely drowned out by noise from the chamber. Following this comment, the committee’s chairman, Mr J. F. Luxton, requested Mr Lange to withdraw his statement and apologise. However, Mr Lange continued speaking, defying the chairman's request. As the uproar in the chamber escalated, Mr Luxton declared that he required Mr Lange to leave. In response to this, Lange proclaimed his willingness to exit the chamber and stated, “I will vote all night against this Government and forever against this Government,” before departing, which prompted applause from both sides of the aisle. The episode unfolded just before the parliamentary broadcast concluded at 10:30 p.m., during which Mr Thomson had suggested extending the broadcast hours on the condition that the Opposition would agree to conclude the debate by midnight—a condition that was not met, according to Mr Thomson. After Mr Lange left the chamber, a division was called regarding whether the debate on the bill's short title and proposed amendments should conclude. The results showed a narrow margin of 45 to 41 in favour of closing the debate. Notably, Chief Opposition Whip Mr J. L. Hunt indicated that 42 Opposition members had voted, while Mr Luxton acknowledged that he had not counted Mr Lange's vote. After a disagreement over Mr Lange's voting rights, it was decided to recall the Speaker, Sir Richard Harrison, to resolve the matter. The Speaker reviewed the differing accounts from various members, including Mr Luxton and Deputy Leader of the Opposition, Mr Palmer. Ultimately, he ruled that Mr Lange’s vote should indeed be counted, stating that the chairman's earlier decision to send Mr Lange from the chamber did not fall under the standing order that would have disallowed his vote. Once the House resumed its committee session, Mr Luxton formally returned Mr Lange to the chamber. In light of the situation, Mr Lange issued an apology for his earlier remarks and expressed respect for Mr Luxton’s integrity as chairman. This incident highlighted the intense tensions and rivalries present within the parliamentary proceedings at the time, showcasing the friction between the Government and the Opposition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831125_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831125.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,438519600
5234,26,11,1983,"A.I.D.S. Coming, Say Experts (Press, 26 November 1983)","On 26 November 1983, a seminar in Dunedin highlighted the impending threat of A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) possibly entering New Zealand. Professor D. C. G. Skegg, head of the department of preventive and social medicine at the Otago Medical School, noted during the annual clinical and scientific meeting of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians that while A.I.D.S. might eventually reach New Zealand, its spread would likely be slow due to the characteristics of the local homosexual community. A.I.D.S. was first identified in the United States two years prior, and as of September 1983, there were 2,259 reported cases in the U.S., with 917 fatalities. The disease primarily affects homosexual or bisexual men, alongside individuals who have used intravenous drugs, with smaller percentages of cases among haemophiliacs, partners of infected individuals, and some individuals of Haitian descent. Professor Skegg indicated that the high number of sexual partners among A.I.D.S. patients in America, some with over 1,000 partners, contributed to localized outbreaks in cities like San Francisco and New York. In Australia and Britain, A.I.D.S. cases had mainly arisen through contact with Americans, but it was not spreading extensively. Professor Skegg emphasised that limiting sexual partners was the most effective way to prevent the disease. The New Zealand Health Department was taking A.I.D.S. seriously, establishing guidelines for medical professionals, and classifying it as a notifiable disease. Associate Professor P. J. McDonald, a clinical microbiologist from Flinders Medical Centre in Adelaide, noted the significant impact of A.I.D.S. on homosexual communities, including declining business in homosexual bars and the closure of bathhouses used for group sex. He mentioned responsible behaviours in some communities, such as hiring experts to provide education about A.I.D.S. Dr. McDonald discussed the human T-cell leukemia virus as a likely contributor to A.I.D.S., which belongs to the retrovirus group capable of integrating into the genetic material of cells. However, whether this virus is the causative agent or a consequence of A.I.D.S. remains uncertain. He highlighted the need to identify the exact cause to better understand transmission and treatment. Recent studies suggested that individuals vaccinated against hepatitis B exhibit a significantly lower risk of developing A.I.D.S. Hepatitis B is prevalent in the same demographic groups that are at higher risk for A.I.D.S., which raises the hypothesis that A.I.D.S. might behave as a helper virus in conjunction with hepatitis B. Although many healthcare workers hesitated to receive the vaccine due to safety concerns, researchers in the Netherlands were developing a synthetic form of the vaccine to alleviate these worries. However, this synthetic vaccine was yet to demonstrate the expected level of efficacy in generating immunity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831126_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831126.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,438606000
5236,02,12,1983,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 2 December 1983)","In a letter to the editor, Varian J. Wilson expresses concern over the potential spread of the killer condition known as A.1.D.5. (later known as AIDS) in New Zealand. Although a doctor suggests that the disease is unlikely to spread widely in the country due to its higher incidence among homosexuals with multiple sexual partners—behaviour considered uncommon in New Zealand—Wilson argues that this assessment may lead to a dangerous misconception of security. He points out that homosexual activity can be inherently compulsive, often resulting in extreme promiscuity within urban areas. Wilson critiques the idea that homosexuals can simply resolve the issue by committing to a single partner, as he believes this advice is both unrealistic and disregards the complexities of social and sexual dynamics. He warns that A.1.D.5. can be transmitted through methods beyond what some might label as ""criminal perversion,"" indicating that the virus poses a risk to the broader public. He highlights the need for vigilance until a definitive treatment is found, noting that the virus may spread through various bodily fluids and potentially through insect vectors such as mosquitoes. Wilson's letter reflects a heightened awareness of the implications of the disease and urges caution in the face of emerging health threats.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831202_2_82_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831202.2.82.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,439124400
5235,02,12,1983,"Convicted Killer Executed (Press, 2 December 1983)","On 1 December 1983, Robert Sullivan, a 36-year-old man convicted of murder, was executed in Florida's electric chair after spending a decade on death row. His execution came after he tearfully recited a psalm and expressed gratitude to Pope John Paul II for his efforts to save his life. Sullivan was pronounced dead six minutes following the approval of his execution by Florida's Governor Bob Graham. This event marked Florida as the first state to carry out two executions since the Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty seven years prior, with eight other men executed across the United States during this period. Sullivan was sentenced to death for the robbery and murder of Donald Schmidt, an assistant manager at a Howard Johnson’s restaurant in Homestead, Florida, on 9 April 1973. When arrested, Sullivan had possession of Schmidt’s credit cards and watch. Despite his claims of being at a homosexual bar located 64 kilometres away at the time of the murder, Sullivan had witnesses to support his alibi. Over the years, he successfully delayed his execution in 1979 and engaged in a series of appeals. The United States Supreme Court ultimately decided on Sullivan's case with an unsigned 7-2 ruling, stating that after thorough judicial review over a decade, a conclusion must be reached regarding capital punishment. Chief Justice Warren Burger, in a concurring opinion, articulated that the arguments against the death penalty as being cruel and unusual had been overshadowed by the prolonged suffering endured by those on death row, inflicted through prolonged legal battles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831202_2_59_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831202.2.59.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,439124400
7178,12,12,1983,"Cheeking The Progress Off The Male Of The Species (Press, 12 December 1983)","In her article published on 12 December 1983, Helen Brown reflects on her experiences at dinner parties, particularly her observations of male behaviour in conversation. She notes that while she appreciates men, she finds them to be emotionally solitary figures, often balancing their egos on shaky foundations. Traditionally, women assumed the role of providing emotional support to men, alleviating their stresses related to work, marriage, and family life. However, Brown argues that women today are pursuing their own aspirations and interests, which has shifted the dynamic of male-female relationships. Brown observes that while men have made some progress in sharing household and child-rearing responsibilities, their conversational skills remain underdeveloped. She points out that many men still prefer to dominate discussions by imparting information, whether it be about wine, horticulture, or the significance of their careers, requiring women to play the role of interested listener. This pattern leaves little room for reciprocal conversation, with men typically not asking questions that invite further dialogue. She critiques both genders, suggesting that women have opted for passive listening rather than actively engaging in conversations, thereby surrendering a form of power. Brown highlights the reluctance among women to share their opinions in male-dominated settings due to fears of appearing frivolous or overbearing. She contrasts the nature of conversations among women—characterised by mutual interest and engagement—with those among men, which often lack depth and variety. An exception to her observations occurred when a man unexpectedly asked her about her childhood, leaving her momentarily speechless. However, when she ventured to share her thoughts, the man's disinterest suggested a disconnect. Brown elaborates that men may feel more at ease with one another but often maintain a guarded attitude, fearing that any display of closeness might be misconstrued as a sign of homosexuality. She frames her critique within the context of Kiwi male attitudes, referencing Prime Minister Dave Lange's use of ""poofter"" as an insult, which exemplifies the negative connotations surrounding male intimacy. Brown concludes with a humorous reflection, wishing that men would abandon outdated notions of masculinity, as epitomised by figures like Tarzan, who, despite their rugged appeal, fail to contribute meaningfully to domestic life and conversation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831212_2_79_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831212.2.79.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,439988400
5237,15,12,1983,"Jean Genet Honoured (Press, 15 December 1983)","Jean Genet, a prominent figure in French literature, was honoured as the 1983 recipient of the Grand Prix award in literature, presented by the French Minister of Culture, Jack Lang. At the age of 72, Genet was recognised for his significant contributions as one of modern France's greatest writers. His life story is marked by adversity; abandoned by his mother in his early years, he faced a tumultuous upbringing that led him to a life of petty crime and homelessness. Genet's past includes multiple imprisonments for theft and a near-life sentence in 1947, which he narrowly avoided thanks to advocacy from Jean-Paul Sartre and other notable literary figures who petitioned for his release. His works, such as ""Our Lady of the Flowers"" and ""Funeral Rites,"" often reflect his experiences behind bars and his observations of life in the slums, while his plays have frequently sparked controversy and backlash. For instance, his play ""The Screens,"" which criticises the French military's actions during the Algerian War of Independence, incited a riot during its 1966 performance in Paris, with the audience reacting violently against the production. In addition to his literary pursuits, Genet was a passionate advocate for social justice. After a secretive visit to the United States in 1970, he became a supporter of the Black Panthers, expressing solidarity with their revolutionary aims and anti-racist efforts. He articulated a connection to their struggle, reflecting on his youth and the desire to enact change in society. At the awards ceremony, observers noted that Genet seemed to embrace a more conciliatory tone, suggesting a possible evolution in his outlook, even as he remained a contentious figure in literary and political discussions. His legacy continues to be marked by a blend of radicalism and artistic brilliance, with his works challenging societal norms and evoking deep emotions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831215_2_90_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831215.2.90.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,440247600
5238,15,12,1983,"Poll Favours Pre-marital Sex (Press, 15 December 1983)","A poll released on 15 December 1983 indicates a growing acceptance among American women regarding premarital sex, though a significant majority still disapprove of extramarital affairs. The survey, conducted for ""Glamour"" magazine and featured in its January issue, revealed that two-thirds of women aged 18 to 24 view premarital sex as acceptable. In stark contrast, only about one-third of women over the age of 55 share this sentiment. Over the past year, disapproval of premarital sex has decreased from 51 per cent to 44 per cent among women of all ages. The poll also found that a substantial 80 per cent of women disapprove of extramarital sex. This disapproval is strong among married women, with almost 85 per cent opposed, while 69 per cent of single women also express disapproval. Additionally, when examining views on homosexuality, 55 per cent of the 1,000 women surveyed, aged 18 to 65, believe that homosexuality should not be recognised as an alternative lifestyle. However, acceptance varies significantly among different religious groups: 82 per cent of self-identified Jews are accepting of the homosexual lifestyle, compared to just under half of Catholics and about a third of Protestants. On the subject of abortion, 71 per cent of respondents considered it a woman's right, albeit with a slight decrease in those who felt strongly about that right. Furthermore, an overwhelming 73 per cent deemed it acceptable for an unmarried woman to have and raise children independently. Nevertheless, a majority, at 81 per cent, believe that following a divorce, a woman should not “automatically” receive custody of her children, indicating nuanced views on motherhood and family rights among the women surveyed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831215_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831215.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,440247600
5239,16,12,1983,"Heartily Wizard Start To Hols (Press, 16 December 1983)","A British television programme, “Five Go Mad in Dorset,” which aired on 12 December 1983, has garnered attention for its satirical take on the works of Enid Blyton. The 30-minute show is described as a parody that encapsulates a range of negative attributes associated with Blyton's characters, including being racist, sexist, and crude, yet it has resonated with audiences. Using adult actors to portray Blyton's child characters added a unique twist, as it highlighted the unrealistic portrayals of childhood found in Blyton’s literature. In the parody, Blyton’s characters are caricatured into two-dimensional beings that reflect traditional and stereotypical gender roles. Girls are depicted either as quiet homemakers or as reluctant tomboys wishing to be boys. Boys, on the other hand, are characterized as adventure-seeking and assertive, embodying various masculine traits. The show features a comical portrayal of class and ethnicity, with derogatory stereotypes that extend to different nationalities and social classes. The storyline involves classic elements of adventure where the protagonists, known as the ""Five,"" engage in action-packed escapades, encounter numerous villains, and ultimately rely on coincidental circumstances to resolve the chaos, staying true to the typical Blyton formula. The blend of adventure and satire strikes a chord with the audience as the characters frequently indulge in over-the-top language and situations. Several notable moments in the programme raise eyebrows, such as a tomboy character being insulted by a wealthy Jewish boy, and later, a gypsy character making an inappropriate advance towards one of the female characters, showcasing the show's audacious humour. The culmination of the episode reveals that the kidnapped uncle's outrageous behaviour is linked to the underlying themes in the parody, resulting in a revelation about his sexual orientation and the subsequent comedic legal implications. Despite its popularity, the programme's satirical approach and the sensitive themes it addresses may lead to mixed reactions among viewers, with some possibly finding it offensive rather than humorous. Overall, ""Five Go Mad in Dorset"" stands out as a bold critique of Enid Blyton’s iconic but outdated narratives, drawing both laughter and concern for its reflections on society, past and present.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831216_2_86_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831216.2.86.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,440334000
7100,23,12,1983,"Aust. Gays Wait For Airline Boycott Call (Press, 23 December 1983)","On 23 December 1983, reports emerged from Sydney indicating that Australian homosexuals were considering a boycott of Air New Zealand due to the airline's alleged cancellation of promotional package tours aimed at homosexuals from the United States. The move came after pressure from the New Zealand Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, coupled with concerns regarding the potential spread of A.I.D.S. to New Zealand, as highlighted by a doctor's complaint. Terry Goulden, the director of the Gay Counselling Service of New South Wales, stated that while no formal boycott request had been made yet, he anticipated that Australian gay organisations would likely respond positively to any appeals from New Zealand counterparts. He referenced a previous successful boycott against Qantas five years earlier, which reportedly cost the airline around AUD 3 million in its first year. Goulden emphasised that an effective boycott would most likely originate from prominent gay communities in the United States, particularly in cities like San Francisco and Los Angeles. Following the news, he speculated that many people might start seeking alternative travel options due to the airline's actions. In contrast, a spokesman for Air New Zealand denied knowledge of any impending boycott and asserted that the airline does not usually promote specific package deals for homosexuals. He clarified that their operations cater to diverse clientele and that they have facilitated travel for gay groups attending events, such as Gay Pride Week in San Francisco. The situation highlighted growing tensions between organisations advocating for gay rights and businesses perceived as discriminatory. As discussions surrounding the potential boycott continued, it underscored the significance of the gay community's travel preferences and their power to impact airline business through collective action.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831223_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831223.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,440938800
7179,24,12,1983,"A Year Of Slow News, But Sparkling Sport (Press, 24 December 1983)","In 1983, New Zealand experienced a relatively uneventful news year compared to its Australian counterpart, which was rife with political turmoil and natural disasters. Prime Minister Robert Muldoon faced criticism from opponents who blamed him for the nation's increasing debt, which reached $14 billion, translating to approximately $4,500 per person. Despite this, Muldoon maintained a lead in public opinion polls, with the National Party enjoying a four-point advantage. Notably, he had managed to decrease inflation from 17 per cent to 4 per cent, and the country was set to benefit from an expected economic recovery in Australia due to the Closer Economic Relations (C.E.R.) trade agreement. While New Zealand dealt with economic challenges, the Labour Party's leadership transition saw David Lange take the reins following the resignation of Bill Rowling. However, Lange's tenure proved rocky as his party's approval rating dropped from 50 to 38 per cent, exacerbated by an incident where he made an inappropriate remark in Parliament. Meanwhile, the emergence of the New Zealand Party, led by former Muldoon supporter Bob Jones, shifted political dynamics. The party gained rapid popularity, positioning itself as a significant contender and threatening to splinter conservative votes, potentially benefiting Labour. In terms of non-political events, 1983 brought mixed occurrences, such as the devaluation of the New Zealand dollar and a royal visit from Prince Charles. A deadly incident highlighted the issue of police-community relations when a young Māori offender was shot by police, prompting public outcry. While economic and political landscapes dominated the news, sports achievements also marked the year. Chris Lewis reached the Wimbledon final, New Zealand rowers won gold medals, and the All Blacks had a strong 4-0 series victory over the Lions, exhibiting the country's sports prowess despite some subsequent defeats. The cricketing scene stood out in New Zealand sports, marked by Lance Cairns' exciting performances and victories over England and Australia, sparking increased national interest in cricket. Although the team faced challenges in the World Cup, their historic win on English soil served as a highlight in a year that was otherwise characterised by subdued political and economic news. Overall, 1983 served as a year of consolidation for Muldoon’s government amid social and sports highlights against a backdrop of emerging political shifts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831224_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831224.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,441025200
5240,24,12,1983,"S. Army Risks Loss Of $5m Contracts (Press, 24 December 1983)","In December 1983, the Salvation Army in New York faced a potential loss of $5 million in contracts due to its refusal to sign a pledge against discrimination based on sexual orientation. This requirement was part of a city policy initiated by Mayor Edward Koch, whereby all city contractors, starting from January 1983, were mandated to affirm that they would not discriminate against employees regarding various factors, including sexual orientation. A spokesman for Mayor Koch reiterated that there would be no exceptions to this rule. Lieutenant Colonel Roland Schram, the Salvation Army's chief of New York operations, stated that while the organisation does not discriminate in hiring homosexuals, it cannot sign the pledge due to its national policy as a fundamentalist Christian group. Schram expressed concern about the perception of undermining family values and endorsing what he referred to as an ""alternative lifestyle,"" which he identified as homosexuality. The Salvation Army currently provides services to around 2,100 individuals daily, supported by 225 employees, and operates additional centres for the needy. Despite the ongoing discussions, Douglas White, director of the city’s Bureau of Labour Services, maintained that the city could not engage with entities unwilling to comply with the pledge. He emphasised that the pledge is designed to ensure fairness in employment practices among city contractors. Colonel Schram hoped for a resolution in a meeting with city officials planned for January 4, 1984, stating that failure to reach an agreement could adversely affect the individuals who rely on the Salvation Army’s services. In a separate but related matter in Los Angeles, controversy arose when a local unit of the United States Marines refused Christmas presents intended for underprivileged children that had been collected by a homosexual bar. The Marine spokesman, Gunnery Sergeant Tom Briggs, expressed his reluctance to associate Marines with a gay bar, suggesting that the gifts should be sent anonymously to the Marines' barracks instead. This incident highlighted the ongoing tensions surrounding issues of sexual orientation and institutional affiliations during the holiday season.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831224_2_80_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831224.2.80.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,441025200
6919,28,12,1983,"Cable Briefs (Press, 28 December 1983)","On 28 December 1983, several significant news events were reported. Egypt announced a reduction in the price of its Suez blend crude oil, cutting it by 50 cents to US$32 a barrel. This move reflects ongoing surpluses in the global oil market, which could lead to further price declines. However, oil trade sources in the Middle East suggested that this particular reduction would not significantly increase downward pressure on prices. In another development, Vietnam has positioned troops, tanks, and armoured personnel carriers near its eastern border with Thailand, indicating preparations for a potential offensive against Kampuchean guerrillas. Thai military sources reported the arrival of approximately 350 Vietnamese troops equipped with T-54 tanks and armed personnel carriers in the village of Thmar Puok in western Kampuchea, having moved from the capital Phnom Penh. A tragic incident occurred in Jakarta, where a Javanese medicine man, or 'dukun', accidentally severed the penis of a six-year-old boy during a circumcision ceremony. The boy's father fainted from shock, while the dukun fled but later surrendered to the authorities. The child was rushed to the hospital along with the severed organ, but doctors were unable to perform a successful grafting operation. In a move aimed at addressing social issues, Indonesian officials announced plans to establish a centre for the country's estimated 4,500 transvestite prostitutes, known locally as 'banshees'. The initiative is intended to provide these individuals with job skills training to help them transition to more conventional employment, such as becoming beauticians, rather than to encourage their street presence. Finally, ""Time"" magazine named President Ronald Reagan and Soviet President Yuri Andropov as its “Men of the Year,” highlighting their contrasting roles in a year defined by superpower tensions. Reagan was recognised as “the great communicator”, who rose to prominence largely through his effective use of television to articulate his political ideology. Meanwhile, Andropov, termed ""the consummate Communist party operative"", was praised for his lengthy tenure as head of the K.G.B. before ascending to power through political machinations within the secretive Soviet Politburo.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831228_2_62_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831228.2.62.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,441370800
6525,30,12,1983,"Order To Airline (Press, 30 December 1983)","On 29 December 1983, a United States District Judge, John Grady, ruled in favour of Karen Ulane, a pilot who underwent sex-change surgery, directing Eastern Air Lines to rehire her with back pay. This decision was based on findings that the airline had violated federal sex discrimination laws. Captain Ulane, previously known as Kenneth Ulane and a combat veteran, was dismissed from her position in April 1981 following her surgery. Eastern Air Lines argued that Ulane's dismissal was due to alleged psychological issues that could potentially jeopardise airline safety, contending she had not disclosed her medication situation adequately. However, Judge Grady refuted these claims, stating that the airline's true concern was the potential negative impact on its public image resulting from having a transgender individual as a pilot. In response to the ruling, an Eastern Air Lines spokesman mentioned that the company already employed at least two female pilots and indicated plans to appeal the decision.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19831230_2_55_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19831230.2.55.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,441543600
6920,05,01,1984,"‘Rita’ And ‘tootsie’ Join ‘gandhi’ In A Top... (Press, 5 January 1984)","On 5 January 1984, a review of the best films of 1983 highlighted surprising choices in a year primarily characterised by serious cinema. Notably, two comedies—""Educating Rita"" and ""Tootsie""—topped the readers' list, followed closely by the serious drama ""Gandhi."" The top ten films for 1983, as determined by a survey of over 60 nominated movies, included: 1. ""Educating Rita,"" 2. ""Tootsie,"" 3. ""Gandhi,"" 4. ""Ragtime,"" 5. ""An Officer and a Gentleman,"" 6. ""Sophie’s Choice,"" 7. ""Octopussy,"" 8. ""Merry Christmas, Mr Lawrenee,"" 9. ""Blade Runner,"" and 10. ""Heat and Dust."" The voting showed a close contest, particularly between ""Heat and Dust"" and ""Monty Python’s The Meaning of Life,"" with the latter missing out by just a single point. One surprising aspect noted was ""Octopussy's"" placement, while Sean Connery's ""Never Say Never Again"" received no votes at all. The overall voter base for this year's polls appeared diverse, encompassing both seasoned cinema enthusiasts and younger viewers, highlighting an evolving demographic in film appreciation. The influx of opinions suggested a growing engagement, with many younger individuals expressing preferences for films that were not represented in the top ten, such as ""Flashdance"" and ""My Tutor."" Reader correspondence also unveiled frustrations regarding cinema policies and screening practices, with one letter by Murray Swann from Christchurch shedding light on the limited availability of films. Swann detailed his disappointment over numerous films advertised but never shown, calling for more opportunities for moviegoers to experience these titles. He expressed particular admiration for the Masters Theatre group for their commitment to screening a wider variety of films amidst the shortcomings of the major chains, notably criticising Kerridge-Odeon's closure of the Odeon Theatre and the Avon Theatre's limited offerings. Swann's critique included examples of films he had hoped to see that were never screened, such as ""The Fan"" and ""The World According to Garp."" He lamented the lengthy wait periods for certain releases, feeling that the delays were unacceptable and hoped for an improved year in cinema for 1984. Another letter from Mrs Joan Earl echoed a similar sentiment regarding ""The World According to Garp,"" which she enjoyed in Australia but was not shown in Christchurch, raising questions about screening choices, particularly regarding a character's portrayal as a transvestite. The article concluded with an invitation to readers who provided feedback, promising tickets to any cinema of their choice as a token of appreciation for their engagement. Overall, the review underscored a year of notable cinematic achievements alongside challenges that audiences faced in accessing films.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840105_2_94_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840105.2.94.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,442062000
5241,09,01,1984,"General Denies Being Gay (Press, 9 January 1984)","On 9 January 1984, General Guenther Kiessling, a West German officer dismissed from his position as NATO's Deputy Supreme Commander in Europe, claimed that evidence alleging his active homosexuality had been falsified. The 58-year-old general was told to retire in October 1983 after Defence Minister Manfred Woerner expressed a breakdown of trust between them. This dismissal was ostensibly linked to surveillance conducted by police and counter-intelligence, which reportedly tracked Kiessling's visits to homosexual nightclubs in major cities including Cologne, Berlin, Essen, and Duesseldorf, thereby branding him a security risk. Reports from the West German press indicated that the general had faced a comprehensive 50-page dossier outlining the allegations in Woerner's office. Despite this, Kiessling firmly denied the accusations of homosexuality, suggesting that the evidence presented to him might have been either fabricated or based on mistaken identity. His situation underscores the complexities of personal conduct and trust at high levels of military command, particularly during a period marked by Cold War tensions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840109_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840109.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,442407600
7029,09,01,1984,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 9 January 1984)","On 9 January 1984, the New Zealand Government Statistician, Dr John Darwin, established a committee comprising representatives from various government sectors, including social services, police, planning, and race relations. This committee is tasked with reviewing how people are classified based on ancestral and cultural grounds. It will explore the necessity for ethnic statistics in specialized areas, set standards for treating ethnicity, and suggest modifications to existing official statistics. Interested individuals or groups can submit their views on the use and coverage of ethnic statistics to the Department of Statistics, with a deadline for submissions set for 2 March 1984. In a separate note on New Zealand's image abroad, a United States company sent a news release to “The Press,” proposing the translation of the content into the nation's language. The release featured information about a Cinderella Girl Pageant in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, aimed at fostering grooming and self-confidence among young women. The first twilight surf carnival of the summer is to be held at Scarborough Beach in Sumner, commencing on Wednesday at 5.30 p.m., open to swimmers under the age of 14. The event will feature competitions from Canterbury surf life-saving clubs, with the taplin relay as the highlight along with ski, boat, and surf races for various classes. Notably, New Zealand’s “Iron Man” champion Geoff Walker is expected to participate in the senior ski and open Malibu board races. In the lighter news of the day, a new women's magazine in New Zealand made a cheeky reference to a rival with a satirical lift-out titled “New Zealand Bloke’s Weekly,” which parodied typical magazine sections filled with humorous takes on the Royal Family. Another entertaining story involves Charlie Schiller, aged 54, who received two coffins as a humorous farewell gift from his colleagues after being laid off from his job at an undertaker’s firm. Schiller expressed delight over the gift, seizing the opportunity to start his own business. Additionally, a significant auction of selected New Zealand silver pieces is scheduled during an antique silver conference in Adelaide from 8 to 12 February, featuring items from Hancocks of London among others. Lastly, a wedding featured particularly memorable speeches, largely due to the participation of Scottish-born uncles who are Catholic priests. The bridegroom amusingly noted he was wearing socks borrowed from one uncle and shoes from his deceased father, highlighting a whimsical connection to his late parent’s humor during the reception.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840109_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840109.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,442407600
5242,16,01,1984,"Cologne Police Find General’s 'double’ (Press, 16 January 1984)","On 16 January 1984, it was reported that Cologne police found a lookalike of General Guenter Kiessling, who was recently forced into retirement under suspicion of homosexuality. The allegation arose after the general, aged 58, had been linked to various homosexual venues in Cologne, including the ""Tom-Tom"" bar and ""Cafe Wuestern."" Despite these claims, General Kiessling has firmly denied any homosexual relationships and has requested a confrontation with his doppelganger, who had been identified by witnesses. The investigation into the general was originally led by the West German Military Counter-Espionage, which was later transferred to local police. Authorities reportedly collected evidence by presenting photographs of Kiessling. However, the evidence against him was deemed insufficient for any formal action. In a prominent newspaper, ""Bild Am Sonntag,"" it was stated that Kiessling's retirement was attributed to ""security"" concerns. The Defence Ministry plans to brief the Bundestag Defence Committee about the contents of the dossier regarding Kiessling, with the potential for public disclosure following this meeting. Defence Ministry spokesman Colonel Juergen Riechardt mentioned that Defence Minister Mr Woerner possessed enough justification to retire General Kiessling, separate from the reports of sightings in the homosexual bar. The situation has sparked outrage from the opposition Social Democratic Party, which has called for Mr Woerner to resign. Critics are questioning how a high-ranking N.A.T.O. general, known for an unblemished career, could suddenly be viewed as a security risk. The unfolding events reflect broader issues of discrimination and the scrutiny of personal lives within the military amidst the tensions of the Cold War era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840116_2_83_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840116.2.83.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443012400
7599,16,01,1984,"Famous Saying (Press, 16 January 1984)","Ralph Knowles wrote a letter to the editor in response to a previous article by Sir Keith Holyoake published on 14 January 1984. Knowles pointed out that Holyoake's comments about history were not original and had been echoed by George Bernard Shaw in ""The Revolutionist’s Handbook"". He quoted German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Hegel, who suggested that experience and history demonstrate that people and governments do not learn from historical events. Knowles concluded by asserting that while Holyoake's insights may be wise, they lack originality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840116_2_108_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840116.2.108.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443012400
5243,17,01,1984,"Entreaty By General (Press, 17 January 1984)","General Guenter Kiessling, who was dismissed from a prominent NATO position, has publicly called on West German Chancellor Dr Helmut Kohl to intervene on his behalf regarding the allegations surrounding his sexuality. The general's appeal was made during an interview published in the West German magazine ""Quick"" on 16 January 1984. His dismissal was prompted by suspicions that he might be homosexual, which raised concerns about his security clearance. The controversy escalated following a statement from the Cologne police, who reported that they had traced a man resembling General Kiessling known to frequent homosexual bars in Cologne. This development followed accusations that military intelligence officers had mistakenly identified another individual as Kiessling, which led to a search for this man. The police managed to identify the individual as a former soldier and had questioned him. However, they noted that the details of the conversation had been forwarded to the Defence Ministry without further commentary. At 58 years of age, General Kiessling had previously held the position of Deputy Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe, only to be forced into retirement last month under security grounds amid the controversies surrounding his personal life. The leader of the Opposition Social Democratic Party, Hans-Jochen Vogel, expressed concerns that the circumstances surrounding Kiessling's dismissal were based on poorly verified information, suggesting room for doubt regarding the legitimacy of the claims made against him. This incident has stirred up significant discussions about the treatment of individuals in military positions regarding their sexuality and the implications of such allegations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840117_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840117.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443098800
5245,18,01,1984,"Gays Force Freed Killer To Hide (Press, 18 January 1984)","In January 1984, a rally in San Francisco's Union Square highlighted the mixed sentiments within the city's homosexual community following the release of Dan White, the man who killed Mayor George Moscone and gay rights leader Harvey Milk in 1978. The rally, attended by several thousand people, had placards indicating feelings of ""hate"" and ""anger"" but ultimately resulted in a peaceful demonstration, much to the relief of authorities, who had prepared for possible unrest after the previous violent reactions to White's 1979 conviction and sentencing. In 1979, White was convicted of voluntary manslaughter rather than murder due to claims of mental illness, triggering widespread anger and riots among the gay community, an incident now referred to as ""White Night."" After serving just over five years in prison, White's release in January 1984 was accompanied by significant security measures, with him being taken out of his jail discreetly and residing in hiding in Los Angeles. Time has somewhat dulled the community's fury over White's actions, as reflected in comments from city officials and gay activists. Many feel a sense of fatigue surrounding the issue, suggesting that the collective outrage has turned into a more controlled response. The rally indicated a general sentiment of moderation within the community, marking a shift from their earlier radical tendencies. The effects of the AIDS epidemic have significantly altered the landscape for the gay community in San Francisco. Many have redirected their energies towards civil rights and personal well-being instead of nightlife and casual sexual encounters. The cultural and social dynamics of the community are shifting as fewer venues for cruising and socialising exist. Activist Tom Waddell noted that political advancements have positioned many gays within the mainstream, resulting in an increased influence on local politics. Despite a conservative estimate placing the homosexual population in San Francisco at around 15 per cent, or over 100,000 individuals, the gay vote is acknowledged as politically powerful. Local politicians, including Mayor Dianne Feinstein, have actively sought the support of the gay community. While significant strides have been made, including potential legislation to prohibit sexual orientation-based discrimination, many believe that full social acceptance and integration remains elusive. Fringe groups within the gay community, such as the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence, have sparked mixed reactions among those advocating for more moderate acceptance. The group's provocative approach, including mocking religious symbols, raises concerns that such actions may hinder efforts for social acceptance. In summary, the January 1984 rally demonstrated both the residual anger over past injustices and a burgeoning sense of acceptance within the gay community in San Francisco. The evolving dynamics reflect a community grappling with its identity in the face of historical trauma, societal change, and health crises.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840118_2_72_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840118.2.72.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443185200
5244,18,01,1984,"General Plans Legal Action (Press, 18 January 1984)","The controversy surrounding the dismissal of General Guenther Kiessling in West Germany has deepened with new allegations of a look-alike being used to mislead military intelligence. The Defence Ministry has dismissed reports from the media and Cologne police, suggesting that an identity mix-up led to the general's removal. Instead, they claim to have evidence indicating that Kiessling had frequented homosexual venues in Cologne, which made him a security risk. At the age of 58 and a lifelong bachelor, Kiessling has initiated legal action for slander and falsification against those accusing him. He firmly denies any associations with homosexuals and maintains that he has been wrongly implicated in the matter. Reports from Cologne indicated that a man resembling Kiessling was seen frequently in two bars known for their homosexual clientele. Defence Minister Manfred Woerner attempted to clarify the situation, stating that the theory of a ""double"" was dismissed by police. He added an element of intrigue by suggesting that someone had taken advantage of a legitimate person to fabricate the allegations against Kiessling. The unfolding drama continues to generate attention and raises questions about military protocol and the treatment of personal conduct within the ranks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840118_2_72_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840118.2.72.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443185200
5246,19,01,1984,"Householders’ Golden Touch (Press, 19 January 1984)","As the 1984 Olympic Games approach, Los Angeles is bracing for an influx of visitors, with estimates suggesting an additional 200,000 to 325,000 tourists daily, and a total of 650,000 to 1 million throughout the event from July 28 to August 12. This surge in demand for accommodation is prompting many local homeowners to consider renting out their properties, hoping to cash in on the expected boom. Rental options advertised include a French country coach house for $3,748 a week, a Beverly Hills home for $12,852 a week, and even a 26-room castle for $32,130 a week. However, the excitement has attracted con artists and led to numerous complications. Fred Sands, president of a prominent real estate company, warns that many homeowners are overestimating the potential income from renting their homes. A range of companies have emerged, offering to connect homeowners with potential renters, often charging listing fees of between $50 and $75. Some firms are specifically targeting niche markets, including the homosexual community, with a sales pitch that highlights the likely availability of discretionary income within that demographic. City officials, including those from the Mayor's office, are attempting to regulate this burgeoning rental market to ensure compliance with the law. Many rental firms have been found to be operating illegally, either by charging upfront fees without proper licensing or through misleading advertising. The Californian Department of Real Estate has ordered several companies to shut down, while others have voluntarily ceased operations until they comply with regulations. One firm, Vacation Rental Systems, has faced a lawsuit from the state Attorney General for allegedly using false advertising, reportedly convincing thousands of homeowners to pay $50 for property listings. Despite concerns from authorities, there remains a strong belief in the demand for private rentals during the Olympics. The Los Angeles Visitors Convention Bureau insists that the area has enough hotel capacity, with 149,000 rooms available. However, many potential visitors may prefer the appeal of private residences located closer to Olympic events rather than standard hotel accommodations. Realtors are capitalising on the situation, with listings offered at varying rates. For instance, Sands includes a four-bedroom home in Westwood starting at $9,180 a week but charges a 20 percent commission for successful rentals, without requiring an upfront fee. Others, like Merrill-Lynch, are marketing properties such as a castle in Flintridge and a beach house in Malibu at premium rates. There are concerns that homeowners with more modest properties may be taken advantage of, particularly by exaggerated promises of rental income. As a result, there have been efforts to ensure advertising does not mislead homeowners about potential earnings, with city officials noting that claims of income as high as $30,600 in two weeks are unrealistic for average properties. Ultimately, while the Olympic Games provide an opportunity for additional income, consumers are being warned to navigate this rental landscape carefully to avoid scams and unrealistic expectations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840119_2_97_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840119.2.97.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443271600
6687,19,01,1984,"Stabbing Victim Dies (Press, 19 January 1984)","Kiritai Taylor, a 21-year-old woman from Hamilton, has died in hospital after spending seven months in a coma following a stabbing incident on June 23, 1983. The stabbing was connected to a love affair involving Taylor and Dorothy Rangi, who was in a relationship with a man named William Marsters. Marsters, aged 26, was arrested and initially charged with attempted murder and injuring with intent to cause grievous bodily harm. During the trial held in 1983, Marsters was acquitted of the attempted murder charge but was found guilty of the lesser charge of injuring with intent and subsequently sentenced to 18 months in prison. The incident arose after Marsters allegedly discovered that Rangi had spent the night with Taylor, prompting the altercation. Following Taylor's death, Detective Senior-Sergeant L. Denby stated that under the law, police could pursue further charges if a victim's death resulted from their injuries within a specified timeframe. However, any decision regarding additional charges will depend on the Coroner's findings on the cause of Taylor's death, which includes the completion of an inquest. As it stands, no further charges are anticipated at this point.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840119_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840119.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443271600
5248,20,01,1984,"Discord Motive For Sacking? (Press, 20 January 1984)","Pressure is increasing in West Germany for the Defence Ministry to clarify the circumstances surrounding the dismissal of General Guenther Kiessling, one of the Deputy Supreme Commanders of NATO forces in Europe. Former Defence Minister Hans Apel has expressed that General Kiessling has been “hunted from the service” in violation of military regulations. Allegations suggest that General Bernard Rogers, the American Supreme Allied Commander in Europe, has been opposed to having a German deputy, which could explain the tensions leading to Kiessling's removal. Until 1978, there was only one deputy commander, always British. The decision to include a German commander was deemed politically necessary because West Germany stands to be the primary battlefield in a potential conflict with the Warsaw Pact. However, there have been significant disagreements regarding military strategies, particularly as NATO appears to have shifted from a “forward defence” strategy—engaging at the East-West border—to a new doctrine where all of West Germany could become a battleground even without nuclear arms. This strategy, as outlined in the U.S. Army handbook “Air-Land Battle 2000,” has provoked discontent among West Germans, including General Kiessling, who advocated for European arms purchases rather than exclusively American ones, further alienating him from General Rogers. General Kiessling had requested early retirement effective April 1, 1984, instead of serving his anticipated term. Following his request, Defence Minister Manfred Woerner allegedly pressured him to take leave from the end of December 1983, which Kiessling refused, resulting in his enforced retirement. Although the official grounds for dismissal were not disclosed, leaks from the Military Intelligence Service indicated that Kiessling was considered a homosexual, posing a presumed security risk due to possible blackmail. Kiessling has vehemently denied these allegations and has sought a disciplinary hearing, which sources suggest may not be granted. As public scrutiny intensified, Minister Woerner took to television to assert that Kiessling’s removal was confirmed to be based on “security grounds,” though he notably avoided labeling Kiessling as a “security risk.” Critics have interpreted this vague statement as an indication that Woerner might have been prioritising U.S.-German cooperation over direct concerns for domestic security, given his close ties to U.S. Defence Secretary Caspar Weinberger. Dissatisfaction with the official rationale for Kiessling's dismissal has emerged not only from military circles but also from political opposition and members of the ruling coalition, especially from the Free Democrats. One Defence spokesman questioned the severity of the reasons behind Kiessling's premature retirement, suggesting that the issue poses a significant challenge for the government. The fallout from this situation is likely to continue, with implications for German-American relations and domestic military governance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840120_2_87_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840120.2.87.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443358000
5247,20,01,1984,"Kiessling Files Law Suit (Press, 20 January 1984)","On 20 January 1984, General Guenter Kiessling of West Germany initiated legal proceedings against Defence Minister Mr Manfred Woerner following his dismissal a month earlier, which stemmed from suspicions regarding his sexual orientation and alleged security risks. Kiessling's lawyer revealed that the lawsuit was filed in the Cologne City Court, claiming that Kiessling was denied access to the comprehensive details surrounding the reasons for his termination. The general is seeking vindication through this legal action, aiming for an official acknowledgment that his firing was unwarranted, with the ultimate goal of having his dismissal overturned.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840120_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840120.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443358000
5249,20,01,1984,"Spies Tried To Bribe Homosexual—claim (Press, 20 January 1984)","On 20 January 1984, a West German newspaper reported a controversial allegation involving General Guenther Kiessling, who was recently forced into early retirement from his military position. The Cologne-based ""Express"" claimed that military intelligence agents attempted to bribe a homosexual to compromise Kiessling's reputation. The report cited an unnamed individual from a homosexual bar who testified under oath that two men displaying military intelligence identification offered him 10,000 marks to falsely state that he knew Kiessling, as well as an additional 20,000 marks to claim they had engaged in sexual relations. This revelation added complexity to an ongoing political scandal surrounding Kiessling, a 58-year-old bachelor. West Germany’s Defence Minister, Mr Manfred Woerner, asserted that Kiessling's dismissal was primarily due to his reported frequenting of homosexual bars, which raised concerns about his security clearance. He also noted that there were issues between Kiessling and N.A.T.O.’s Supreme Commander, General Bernard Rogers, contributing to the decision to retire him. Kiessling has publicly denied any homosexual associations. In an in-camera meeting with the parliamentary defence committee, Woerner detailed his rationale for the general's dismissal, highlighting a troubled relationship with Rogers that undermined confidence in Kiessling’s capabilities within N.A.T.O. Defence Ministry representatives, however, rejected suggestions that policy disagreements between the two generals influenced Kiessling's forced retirement. Woerner confirmed that the decision to retire Kiessling had the approval of the Armed Forces chief-of-staff and other senior military officials. Some members of the parliamentary opposition expressed concern regarding Woerner's management of the situation, especially in light of Kiessling's vehement denials of any homosexual involvement. Kiessling himself expressed a desire to present his case in front of the defence committee to clarify his position. The unfolding scandal has not only implications for Kiessling but also raises significant questions regarding military conduct and the treatment of homosexuality within the West German armed forces.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840120_2_87_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840120.2.87.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443358000
5250,25,01,1984,"Top Officers Discuss Sacking Affair (Press, 25 January 1984)","On 25 January 1984, senior West German military commanders convened in Bonn to discuss the recent dismissal of General Guenther Kiessling amid growing concerns about the credibility of the country’s Intelligence agency. This meeting, led by the Inspector-General of the Bundeswehr, General Wolfgang Altenburg, involved a briefing for twelve senior officers about the ongoing inquiry into Kiessling's case, which could impact Defence Minister Manfred Woerner's position. Kiessling, who was the German Deputy Supreme Commander of NATO forces, was forced into early retirement in December 1983 based on Intelligence reports that alleged his homosexual lifestyle posed a security risk. In response, Kiessling has strongly denied claims made by the Military Counter-Intelligence Agency regarding his alleged visits to homosexual bars and clubs. He has maintained a high public profile, engaging in numerous press and media interviews to refute these allegations. Government spokesman Peter Boenisch acknowledged at a news conference that some actions at the Intelligence agency might warrant reassessment. Leaders from the Christian Democratic Party, including Chancellor Dr Helmut Kohl, called for immediate clarity regarding any potential failures within the agency. Boenisch was quoted expressing concern that the service’s internal issues could jeopardise the standing of elected officials as well as national security, indicating that the current situation could not be normal. Franz Josef Strauss, the Bavarian Minister President and head of the second-largest party in the ruling coalition, echoed concerns about the Intelligence agency's handling of the situation. Strauss pointed out that the agency's agents had not directly observed Kiessling at the establishments in question, thereby questioning the validity of the reports. He urged Defence Minister Woerner to reveal the complete truth regarding the case and to clear Kiessling's name if the evidence against him proved to be unsubstantiated. The meeting in Bonn came ahead of an all-party hearing set to begin later that week into the Kiessling affair. Notably, Chancellor Kohl and Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher were absent from the Bonn discussions due to a six-day visit to Israel and diplomatic talks in Rome respectively. Meanwhile, the Opposition Social Democrats cautioned the Government against shifting blame onto the Counter-Intelligence Agency, warning that such actions could prevent accountability for the wider issues at play. The situation reflected a significant controversy within the German military and political landscape, threatening both the reputation of the Armed Forces and the governance of the current administration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840125_2_72_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840125.2.72.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443790000
5251,26,01,1984,"Ditch Find Adds To Minister’s Problems (Press, 26 January 1984)","On 26 January 1984, West German Defence Minister Mr Manfred Woerner faced heightened scrutiny following a significant security breach involving internal Defence Ministry data. The data, discovered in a roadside ditch near Koblenz, had been found by the news magazine ""Stern"" and comprised a computer printout detailing military procurements, including costs and part-numbers. It was supposed to have been destroyed by a local paper company, but instead, it raised alarm about a potential security lapse. Although a Defence Ministry spokesperson confirmed that the information did not contain any classified military secrets, members of the Opposition Social Democratic Party reacted strongly, labelling it a ""security scandal of the first order"" and demanding an explanation from Woerner during a Defence Committee meeting. The political situation was further complicated by the ongoing controversy surrounding Woerner's recent dismissal of General Guenther Kiessling, who was accused of associating with homosexual nightclubs. Kiessling has denied these allegations and suggested that they were part of a blackmail attempt. The Social Democrats are calling for Woerner's resignation based on his handling of Kiessling's case. During a meeting with senior military officials in Bonn, Woerner spent considerable time answering questions regarding the general's dismissal. Following the discussions, a carefully worded statement indicated that the military officers present acknowledged Woerner's need to act based on the evidence available to him as of 8 December 1983. However, it was also stated that should the evidence prove unsound, Kiessling’s reputation should be fully restored. The matter has sparked intense debate and scrutiny, with concerns raised from various political factions regarding the integrity of the investigations and the implications for military morale within the Bundeswehr (Armed Forces). Accusations against Kiessling based on eyewitness accounts of his alleged visits to a gay bar have been met with scepticism from both government and opposition members, further complicating Woerner’s political predicament. As the Defence Committee convenes, the focus remains on the fallout from these events and the future of Mr Woerner’s position amidst escalating calls for accountability.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840126_2_79_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840126.2.79.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443876400
6688,26,01,1984,"Streep’s New Role (Press, 26 January 1984)","The article discusses the film ""Silkwood,"" which portrays the life and struggles of Karen Silkwood, a worker at an Oklahoma nuclear production plant who died in a mysterious car accident in 1974. The film, directed by Mike Nichols and featuring Meryl Streep in the lead role, is compared to ""Norma Rae"" and ""The China Syndrome"" for its themes of union activism and whistleblowing against unsafe practices in the workplace. In ""Silkwood,"" Meryl Streep plays a complex character who is depicted as a spirited but uneducated woman becoming embroiled in union politics after discovering her employer falsifying safety records regarding the fuel rods sent to a breeder reactor. This revelation raises serious safety concerns that could potentially lead to catastrophic outcomes. Silkwood, who leads a chaotic personal life and has left her children to live with her boyfriend Drew, navigates relationships with co-workers, including her transatlantic bond with fellow workers Dolly and Angela, adding to the film's authentic portrayal of rural blue-collar life. As incidents of radiation exposure accumulate in the plant, Silkwood grows increasingly suspicious of both management negligence and the carelessness of her peers. The film notes the shared blame for these hazardous situations rather than solely spotlighting corporate wrongdoing, making it a nuanced commentary rather than a straightforward indictment of the nuclear industry. The narrative surrounding Silkwood's death raises multiple theories, ranging from foul play due to her whistleblowing activities to accidental death influenced by her reported drug and alcohol abuse. This ambiguity is highlighted in the film, which, according to the article, might frustrate viewers seeking clear answers. Nevertheless, the script, written by Nora Ephron and Alice Arlen, succeeds in capturing the atmosphere and the mores of the working-class environment, showcasing both humour and emotional depth. Overall, ""Silkwood"" is praised for its authentic portrayal of working-class life and the complexities surrounding its protagonist. Streep’s performance, bolstered by a distinct Southwest accent and the use of an evocative score, adds to the film's impact. The film concludes with the eventual shutdown of the Kerr-McGee plant a year after Silkwood's death, underscoring her lasting legacy in the narrative of workplace safety.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840126_2_95_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840126.2.95.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443876400
5252,27,01,1984,"Spy Agency Faces Inquiry (Press, 27 January 1984)","The dismissal of General Guenther Kiessling from his N.A.T.O. position has sparked a significant political controversy in West Germany, entering its fourth week on 27 January 1984. This situation arises following his forced retirement on 5 January, which Defence Minister Mr Manfred Woerner attributed to ""security grounds."" An all-party committee is now preparing for extensive hearings regarding the decision to dismiss Kiessling, who served as one of the two Deputy Supreme Commanders in Europe. In response to the controversy, Defence Minister Woerner set up a commission to investigate the Military Counter-Intelligence Agency, which labelled Kiessling a homosexual, a claim that has been vigorously disputed. An aide to Chancellor Dr Helmut Kohl hinted at inconsistencies in the credibility of witness accounts that allege Kiessling frequented a homosexual bar in Cologne, potentially undermining the agency's position. The Defence Ministry has indicated that this inquiry into the counter-intelligence agency is separate from the Kiessling case, with a focus on evaluating the agency’s regulations and structure. Meanwhile, the Parliamentary inquiry is anticipated to begin formal proceedings, with Mr Woerner listed to testify on 8 February, alongside General Kiessling, the chief of the Intelligence agency Helmut Behrendt, and Inspector-General General Wolfgang Altenburg. General Kiessling, who is 58, has consistently denied being homosexual and denied visiting the bar in question. Speculation has arisen from a photo published by the magazine ""Stern,"" which shows a man who resembles Kiessling and is alleged to have frequented the ""Tom Tom"" bar, further questioning the accuracy of the Intelligence agency's claims. Recent developments include the presence of one of Dr Kohl's aides at a meeting with Alexander Ziegler, a Swiss publisher of a homosexual magazine who allegedly holds evidence against Kiessling. Ziegler reportedly provided a tape recording from 1979 where a young gay man claimed to have been in an affair with Kiessling. Though this information was suppressed in the past due to financial constraints, the potential contents of the tape could shed new light on the allegations against him. In summary, the controversy surrounding General Kiessling's dismissal has ignited broader inquiries into the credibility of intelligence operations in West Germany, with a focus on allegations of homosexuality and the implications for national security and leadership integrity. The unfolding events indicate a complicated intersection of politics, military conduct, and societal views on homosexuality during the period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840127_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840127.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443962800
7736,27,01,1984,"Women Poised To Make The Most Of Community Radio (Press, 27 January 1984)","A proposed community access FM station, City Radio, is expected to play a significant role in Christchurch, New Zealand, with potential leadership from various organisations and community groups, particularly women’s groups. Brian Pauling, a media studies tutor at Christchurch Polytechnic, noted that women have shown remarkable interest in community radio, often utilising it more creatively and professionally than men. He is involved in developing professional and community broadcasting courses at the Polytechnic, which are set to commence this year. The rise of community radio is viewed as part of a global trend towards decentralising broadcasting, which began in the 1960s and 1970s with the emergence of pirate radio stations. As broadcasting becomes more accessible, community leaders and cultural organisations will need to adapt and effectively utilise these new techniques. According to Birgitte Jallov, who recently reported on community radio for the United Nations, women’s groups worldwide increasingly leverage community radio to promote their issues and perspectives, engaging in discussions on local politics, the nuclear threat, and women's rights. The International World Community Radio Conference held in Montreal in August recommended establishing a network for women in community radio, which may start with a newsletter and culminate in an International Women’s Radio Conference planned for the week before the International Women’s Decade Conference in 1985. In Australia, community radio has flourished alongside FM broadcasting since the Whitlam government granted FM licences in 1975. Many stations are supported by educational institutions, similar to the model of City Radio. The choice of music is crucial as it helps to draw specific audiences. Australian FM stations often target blue-collar workers and unemployed youth by using genres like rock and country music. Broadcasters must ensure full air time to capture and retain listeners; stations with limited broadcasting hours face challenges in audience engagement. The community courses offered by Christchurch Polytechnic aim to foster greater understanding and involvement in radio and television broadcasting among locals, particularly those interested in participating in City Radio. Pauling emphasises the significance of these courses, noting the importance of understanding the effects of broadcasting on society and the various responsibilities associated with it. He questions who holds power within broadcasting and how communities can gain access to these platforms. Amid the excitement and challenges posed by community access radio, Pauling believes that the launch of City Radio will contribute to a more vibrant community in Christchurch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840127_2_85_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840127.2.85.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,443962800
5253,28,01,1984,"Party Chief’s Quotes Threaten To Fuel Row (Press, 28 January 1984)","The situation surrounding the dismissal of German General Guenther Kiessling escalated into a potential political crisis in West Germany on 28 January 1984. The influential newspaper ""Die Welt"" reported comments attributed to Bavarian Minister-President, Mr Franz Josef Strauss, who was purportedly calling for a Cabinet reshuffle amid rising scrutiny concerning the government's handling of the Kiessling affair. The newspaper claimed that Strauss expressed a willingness to take over the defence portfolio from Minister Mr Manfred Woerner, who faced mounting pressure to resign due to doubts regarding the justification for Kiessling's firing. General Kiessling, who served as one of NATO's two Deputy Supreme Commanders, had been labelled a security risk following allegations that he frequented a homosexual bar. This raised questions about the legitimacy of the evidence supporting his dismissal. Additionally, Economic Minister Dr Otto Count Lambsdorff could also be at risk of resignation due to a separate legal issue involving political bribery from the late 1970s. Despite Strauss's denial of the statements attributed to him by ""Die Welt"", the report claimed he suggested changes were needed within the Foreign and Economics Ministries and indicated that the Foreign Ministry would be a desirable position for him. Strauss, who previously served as Defence Minister, stated he would only accept the defence position with reluctance and insisted that any consideration for the vice-chancellorship held by Foreign Minister Mr Hans-Dietrich Genscher would have to accompany it. The editorial staff of ""Die Welt"" stood by their report, insisting it accurately captured Strauss's sentiments during a phone conversation. Concurrently, a special Parliamentary committee convened to review the circumstances surrounding General Kiessling’s retirement. Calls for Woerner's resignation intensified as further details emerged regarding his secretive meetings with a controversial figure connected to a homosexual magazine, which detracted from his credibility amid public scrutiny. Moreover, it was revealed that a stolen briefcase containing diagrams of an air-to-ground missile, relevant to the Luftwaffe’s Alpha Jet trainer-attack planes, had been discovered near Stuttgart. Although the Defence Ministry clarified that the diagrams were not proprietary military designs but rather associated with the Dornier aviation company, the incident raised additional concerns about security within the defence sector. Overall, the political landscape in Bonn remained precarious as Dr Helmut Kohl was expected to address the situation and make crucial decisions regarding the future of his ministers upon his return from a trip to Israel. The unfolding events highlighted a volatile intersection of military concerns, personal controversies, and political ambitions within the West German government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840128_2_70_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840128.2.70.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,444049200
6921,30,01,1984,"Auckland Cemetery Scene Of Siege (Press, 30 January 1984)","On 30 January 1984, a violent incident unfolded in Auckland when a gunman attacked civilians and police, resulting in multiple injuries. The chaos initiated at approximately 1.15 a.m. on Karangahape Road, where the assailant fired at five civilians with a shotgun, wounding them. The situation escalated as police arrived to respond to the emergency. The gunman, donning camouflage attire and blackened face, retreated to an old cemetery equipped with a shotgun and a .303 rifle. Among the first police officers on the scene were Constable Grant Bradford and Sergeant Murray Morrisey. As they approached, they were targeted by the gunman's barrage of shotgun fire, leading to injuries for both officers: Constable Bradford sustained wounds above one eye and on his arm, while Sergeant Morrisey was hit in the right shoulder. Following the initial attack, the gunman attempted to shoot at a police vehicle at the Symonds Street-motorway off-ramp, but without success. He then moved to an Upper Queen Street carpark, where he fired at another parked police car, causing damage and minor injuries to one officer from flying debris. Detective Inspector A.B. Edwards reported that during the confrontation, the gunman announced his intention to surrender. The officers instructed him to emerge and disarm, leading to his eventual capture before the armed offenders squad could arrive. Earlier in the incident, witnesses noted that the gunman had hidden his weapons behind the cemetery wall and briefly interacted with a transvestite, who also suffered injuries from the gunfire. Among the victims was Damien Makiiti, who was celebrating his twenty-first birthday when he was struck by pellets while attending a gathering in a takeaway bar. Although he initially mistook the gunfire for firecrackers, he soon realised he had been shot and required hospital treatment for multiple wounds on his body, with pellets expected to remain lodged for several weeks. Another victim, a taxi driver, also sustained leg injuries from the gunfire while driving in the area. In the aftermath, police conducted a search at a flat in Mount Wellington, where they found weapons and related literature. A 19-year-old unemployed man from the same suburb was later charged with attempted murder in connection with the shootings. The day’s events highlighted a severe incident of public violence and raised concerns about safety, prompting investigations and discussions about law enforcement responses to such attacks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840130_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840130.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,444222000
5254,02,02,1984,"U.n. Convention On Women Is Often... (Press, 2 February 1984)","On 2 February 1984, the New Zealand Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Cooper, discussed the country’s consideration of ratifying the United Nations’ Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women. He stated that society has little to fear from this ratification, despite concerns voiced by various individuals and organisations. Many of these concerns stem from misunderstandings regarding the Convention's provisions and the implications of ratifying an international treaty. Mr Cooper clarified that the Convention should be interpreted through the lens of Article 1, which defines discrimination against women. The obligations outlined in Articles 2, 3, 4, and 5 must be read in the context of this definition, meaning that New Zealand would only be obliged to ensure that women are not denied their fundamental rights and freedoms. He noted that this aligns with New Zealand's longstanding commitment to eliminating discrimination, echoed in the Human Rights Commission Act. He addressed fears that the Convention could undermine societal structures, including marriage and family. According to Cooper, the Convention does not authorise same-sex marriage or equate abortion with fundamental human rights. He mentioned that marriage, as an abstract concept, is not recognised as a fundamental human right under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which specifically acknowledges marriage between men and women. Cooper also refuted claims that the Convention would diminish family roles, emphasising that it acknowledges women's contributions to family welfare and the significance of maternity within the preamble. He noted that while the Convention emphasizes women's right to work, many of its provisions were aimed at situations in other countries where women's rights are significantly limited. While acknowledging the possibility of identifying provisions that may conflict with New Zealand law or policy upon detailed review, he believed that the government could reserve its position at the time of ratification if needed. He explained that ratifying an international treaty does not automatically incorporate its articles into New Zealand law, meaning individuals could not invoke the Convention directly in New Zealand courts to contest existing laws or policies. Cooper expressed scepticism regarding the notion that ratification would significantly shift social attitudes in New Zealand. However, he highlighted the potential benefits of ratification for women in other countries where rights are less protected. The full text of his background paper on the topic, along with the Convention, is available for public access from the Advisory Committee on Women’s Affairs in Wellington, free of charge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840202_2_107_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840202.2.107.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,444481200
5255,03,02,1984,"Sacked General Restored To N.a.t.o. Post (Press, 3 February 1984)","On 3 February 1984, West German Chancellor Dr Helmut Kohl reinstated General Guenther Kiessling, who had been dismissed amidst a scandal related to accusations of his alleged frequenting of homosexual bars. This incident raised concerns over potential blackmail, and the government faced considerable criticism. At a news conference in Bonn, Dr Kohl stated that the accusations made by military Intelligence were unfounded and that it was necessary to restore the general’s honour. General Kiessling had been serving as one of the deputies to NATO's Supreme Commander in Europe and was West Germany’s leading general in the alliance until his unexpected dismissal in December 1983. Following his removal, Kiessling affirmed under oath that he was not a homosexual, and subsequent statements from people who claimed to have seen him at a bar led to public doubts about the accusations. Defence Minister Manfred Woerner acknowledged on television that mistakes were made in handling the Kiessling affair but faced no repercussions from Dr Kohl, who defended him against calls for dismissal from the Opposition Social Democrats. Dr Kohl described Woerner as an ""outstanding Minister"" and confirmed that he had refused Woerner’s resignation, viewing it as unwarranted. Kiessling was formally reappointed to his position by the President of West Germany, Dr Karl Carstens, on Woerner’s recommendation. However, Kiessling later stated that his health would prevent him from resuming his duties, citing the mental toll of the intense scrutiny he endured during the scandal. He expressed in a letter to Woerner that fulfilling his role would require a level of energy he no longer possessed. Woerner mentioned that personal conflicts between Kiessling and General Rogers were not the primary reason for Kiessling's initial dismissal. The Social Democrats used the situation to challenge Dr Kohl’s leadership, suggesting that the government was being seen internationally as inept. They claimed that Dr Kohl retained Woerner's position out of fear of increasing influence from the Right-wing Christian Social Union in his Centre-Right Cabinet. Some commentators believed that the crisis was being exploited by the leader of the Social Union, Franz Josef Strauss, in an attempt to secure a ministerial position. In summary, the reinstatement of General Kiessling was part of Dr Kohl's efforts to manage a scandal that had implications for his government and to defend the integrity of his Defence Minister amidst growing political pressures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840203_2_71_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840203.2.71.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,444567600
7672,09,02,1984,"‘once A Catholic’ (Press, 9 February 1984)","The Riccarton Players staged ""Once A Catholic,"" a play by Mary O’Malley directed by Doug Clarke at the Mill Theatre in Wise Street from 8 to 18 February 1984. The production featured a sizable cast of 19 characters, predominantly focusing on the experiences of three secondary schoolgirls attending a convent school in 1950s London. The play serves as a satirical examination of Catholicism and was noted for its witty and engaging dialogue, blending humour with an authentic portrayal of the girls' lives. The three central characters were portrayed by Ondine Claridge, Chris Stachurski, and Cathy Scully. Claridge’s character was depicted as the naïve and inquisitive girl, asking candid questions about topics such as sin and sexuality, which led to humorous situations. Stachurski’s character, Mary McGinty, presented a more rebellious persona who, despite having a Protestant boyfriend, clung to her desire to raise a Catholic family. Scully, playing Mary Flanagan, embodied the seemingly innocent girl who cleverly evaded blame for her mischief, navigating her relationship with her Catholic boyfriend. The performances of the nuns were crucial in portraying the rigid and often humorous nature of religious education. Judy Collins’ Mother Peter exhibited a gentle authority, while Leslie Hawkins' Mother Basil was the epitome of stern intolerance. Shirley Urlwin's portrayal of Mother Thomas Aquinas resonated with age and authority, serving as the Mother Superior. Patrick Paynter’s Father Mullarkey successfully balanced the role of a protective figure of Catholic purity with a more relaxed approach outside of the classroom, while Lee Hallman portrayed the assertive and somewhat chauvinistic boyfriend adeptly. Despite the cast's cohesive performance and the potential for the show to develop further, the production experienced some drawbacks, including length issues and pacing problems in the latter half. There were also moments where technical difficulties were evident, impacting the overall flow of the performance. Notably, a silent altercation between a nun and one of the girls was highlighted as an unusual choice, prompting suggestions for tighter editing of certain scenes, like the lengthy description of the Fatima miracle, to maintain audience engagement. Overall, ""Once A Catholic"" was a vibrant exploration of youthful curiosity and the contradictions of Catholic teachings, brought to life by a dedicated amateur cast who tackled the script’s complexities with flair, providing both humour and poignancy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840209_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840209.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,445086000
5256,10,02,1984,"Dan White, America’s Most Unwanted Man (Press, 10 February 1984)","In November 1978, Dan White, a former San Francisco councillor, took the lives of Mayor George Moscone and Councillor Harvey Milk in an act of vengeance. Disheartened by the Mayor's refusal to reappoint him following his resignation from the Board of Supervisors and resentful of Milk, a prominent gay rights advocate, White shot Moscone in his office before proceeding to execute Milk. After confessing to the murders, public outrage was palpable, leading to expectations that White would receive severe punishment under the law for assassinating public officials, potentially facing death or life imprisonment. However, in a surprising turn, a jury convicted White only of manslaughter, handing him the maximum five-year sentence. This led to unprecedented riots in San Francisco, with violent protests against the verdict erupting, resulting in the destruction of police vehicles and attacks on City Hall. White was released from prison a month before the article's publication in February 1984, and his whereabouts were kept secret, with officials stating he was in Los Angeles. Upon his release, peaceful protests occurred, primarily by the gay community and other citizens, expressing discontent with the legal system that allowed White to plea ""diminished capacity,"" thereby reducing his punishment. Reports indicated that White, despite having a family in San Francisco, would be unwelcome in the city he once served, facing hostility should he attempt to return. Rumours of potential relocations to various places, including Eire and rural California, were met with rejection from those communities. San Francisco's mayor openly stated that White was not welcome, implying that if he returned, his life would invariably be in jeopardy. While he aspired to reintegrate into society and rebuild his life, his notorious past rendered these hopes unrealistic. The continued public disdain towards White indicated he could be destined to live as a fugitive, forever associated with his infamous actions. A book detailing his story was released coinciding with his prison exit, and a play titled “Oh, Danny Boy” was being staged to explore the societal tensions surrounding his case, suggesting that the narrative of Dan White might evolve into a lasting symbol of malevolence, cementing him as an outcast in the very city of his birth and previous political career. Ultimately, his true punishment might have only begun, as he faced the prospect of lifelong isolation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840210_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840210.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,445172400
5257,13,02,1984,"Funeral Parlour For Gays (Press, 13 February 1984)","A funeral home that specifically caters to the homosexual community in San Francisco has opened its doors, according to a report from NZPA-Reuter on 13 February 1984. The establishment, founded by licensed undertaker Mr Tommy Simpson, claims to be the only one of its kind in the world. Simpson, a gay man who grew up in a mortuary, expressed his motivation to create a service that provides more personal care for the gay community, particularly during times of loss. He stated, ""I have seen and felt a need to offer more personal service to gays."" The funeral home is located near Castro Street, a focal point for San Francisco's large homosexual community, further reinforcing its commitment to serving this demographic at a critical time in their lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840213_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840213.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,445431600
5258,16,02,1984,"Discrimination Against Women (Press, 16 February 1984)","In a series of letters published in response to Dr M. Viney's commentary, B. P. Lilburn challenges the notion of sex differences being a justification for limiting the roles of women, particularly in contexts such as firefighting and childcare. Lilburn argues that while women disproportionately shoulder the burden of unpaid childcare, men have greater societal privileges in shaping children's character and values, questioning whether this arrangement is fair. He also refutes Viney's assertion that highlighting sex differences is necessary to prevent children from becoming homosexual, suggesting this view undermines children's intelligence and trustworthiness. Lilburn advocates for women's individuality and respect, stating that true equality is necessary to avoid patronisation. He contends that freedom cannot be preserved by resisting change. S. M. and M. C. Neame from Kokatahi respond to Viney's claims against the United Nations convention, stating that the Bible supports the idea of individuals utilising their unique talents and promotes the notion of a supportive community. They argue that a diverse society, where roles can be freely chosen regardless of traditional gender norms, leads to fulfilled individuals who positively impact their families. The Neames dismiss the concerns about disorder arising from non-traditional family roles, advocating for the encouragement of personal development in a Christian context. Janice Fishwick adds another perspective, expressing concern over radical feminists attempting to remove so-called sexist literature from libraries. She argues that while alternative viewpoints should be welcomed, the existing literature should not be erased. Fishwick perceives this movement as an encroachment on the rights of individuals to access a diverse range of ideas, suggesting that the majority is being overshadowed by a vocal minority. She calls for a wake-up call for New Zealand to address this erosion of freedom of choice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840216_2_106_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840216.2.106.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,445690800
7180,17,02,1984,"Reporter In Scuffle (Press, 17 February 1984)","On 17 February 1984, a confrontation occurred between British reporter Mick Ferrari and Elton John’s manager, John Reid, following a controversial report published in the London ""Sun"" newspaper about Elton John's wedding. The article featured an eyebrow-raising headline, ""Good on yer, poofter!"" which sparked backlash and tension. Ferrari was covering the wedding for the newspaper and had entered the hotel where Reid was seated with John’s band when the argument broke out. Reid reportedly shouted at Ferrari repeatedly, questioning him about the publication of the article and its implications. This verbal altercation escalated into a physical scuffle between the two men. Although Ferrari confirmed the incident had taken place, he stated that he was instructed by his newspaper not to comment further on the matter. Reid, who has a history of legal trouble—having served a month in prison in New Zealand for assaulting a reporter in 1974—was unavailable for comments the following morning after the incident. The ""Sun"" article about the wedding detailed how Elton John and his bride were greeted by a man in the crowd with an enthusiastic and mocking remark. Ferrari, who claimed he was the sole journalist invited to the wedding reception at the Sebel Town House, reported that Elton John entertained his guests with laughter while reflecting on the various comments regarding his bisexuality. John appeared to take the reports in stride, commenting that it demonstrated how perceptions of his past relationships might have been misinterpreted. He quipped, “It goes to show what everyone’s been saying – what I’ve done in the past was just a passing phase.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840217_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840217.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,445777200
5259,18,02,1984,"Intelligence Chief Altered Report On Kiessling,... (Press, 18 February 1984)","An inquiry into the dismissal of General Guenther Kiessling revealed that Colonel Oskar Schroeder, a member of West Germany's military counter-intelligence, testified on 17 February 1984 about alterations made to a report that influenced Defence Minister Mr Manfred Woerner's decision. Colonel Schroeder stated before an all-party parliamentary committee that Major-General Helmut Behrendt, the head of the intelligence agency, had modified the draft report by changing the phrase “police authorities” to “state criminal investigation office.” These changes, made with green ink, were meant to amplify the report's impact. General Kiessling, who was forced into early retirement in December 1983, was accused of being linked to homosexual bars in Cologne based on witnesses identified by the agency. However, after five weeks, these witnesses recanted their statements, leading to Kiessling's reinstatement and Mr Woerner's admission that his response had been overly hasty concerning a potential security risk. General Behrendt, who testified a day before Colonel Schroeder, stated he could not account for the alterations made to the report. Colonel Schroeder indicated that he believed Behrendt was responsible for the modifications, admitting to destroying previous drafts of the document on Behrendt’s orders. When asked why he did not report the changes, Schroeder expressed discomfort but felt he had no power to amend the document, acknowledging he was aware it would significantly influence Woerner’s dismissal decision. Additionally, a former chief of the intelligence agency testified that the claims surrounding General Kiessling's alleged homosexuality should not have warranted an investigation. Following the revelations, Mr Woerner initiated an independent commission earlier in February 1984 to assess the counter-intelligence service, examining its structure and methods, though the commission was not mandated to address the Kiessling situation specifically.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840218_2_91_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840218.2.91.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,445863600
7062,21,02,1984,"Sydney’s Drama Falters, But The Dance Goes On (Press, 21 February 1984)","Elric Hooper, the artistic director of Court Theatre, is currently on a six-month sabbatical to study theatre in the United States and Europe, during which he will also teach at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, and in France and West Germany. His journey has included stops in Sydney, Athens, and Rome, and he plans to share his experiences through a series of articles for ""The Press,"" with the first published on 21 February 1984. In his observations, Hooper notes the contrasting characteristics of Sydney and Melbourne, describing Sydney as brash and hedonistic, while Melbourne views itself as the more serious artistic city. He discusses the impressive production of ""Nicholas Nickleby"" by the Royal Shakespeare Company, which is currently dominating Sydney's theatre scene. This adaptation spans two evenings, with a total performance time of over eight hours, costing over SA60 for both parts. Although he found the production well-executed, he felt it lacked the subtleties and historical depth of the original London version, with the tone shifting from semi-tragic comedy to farce. Hooper attributes this disparity to the differences in the Australian theatre scene, noting that while leading performers are of high calibre, many supporting actors do not meet the same standards due to a lack of continuity within the profession. This results in performances that cater to audience expectations of comedy, leading to a trend he refers to as ""Toby Jug acting."" The ticket pricing for these blockbuster productions reflects a wider trend in Sydney’s theatre, where what is seen as a financial burden for the public leads to a reluctance to invest in new or adventurous plays. Major theatre companies, such as the Nimrod Company and the Sydney Theatre Company, have struggled financially over the past year. Despite critical acclaim for Australian plays, public interest has waned, a reversal from previous patterns. Despite generous government subsidies, the commercial sector has also experienced challenges with audience engagement for newer works. In terms of dance, however, Sydney remains a notable hub, boasting a world-renowned national ballet company and excelling in modern dance, particularly with the Sydney Dance Company, led by Grahame Murphy. This company, despite facing financial struggles without subsidies, is acclaimed for its innovative integration of dance and scenic design. Hooper highlights their latest work, ""Some Rooms,"" which explores everyday life and intimacy through an imaginative lens. The performance features strong erotic elements and culminates in a beautiful sequence where fully clothed dancers interact with books, evoking themes of solitude and the pleasure of reading, set to Barber’s ""Adagio for Strings."" Hooper finds this portrayal to be a rare and uplifting experience in contemporary theatre, especially during turbulent times.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840221_2_78_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840221.2.78.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,446122800
6922,01,03,1984,"Transvestites Mug Men (Press, 1 March 1984)","In a peculiar series of incidents reported by Zimbabwe’s Herald newspaper, a group of transvestite criminals has been targeting unsuspecting men at a popular nightclub south of Harare. These assailants, operating in small gangs of three to four, have been thumbing lifts while dressed in long dresses and sporting permed hair, which has led to a high level of surprise among their victims. Transvestitism is relatively uncommon in Zimbabwe, making the perpetrators' disguises particularly effective in deceiving their targets. Once the victims have offered them a ride, the muggers quickly reveal their true intentions by attacking, often choking their victims and forcing them to pull over before proceeding to rob and beat them. The news highlights a troubling trend in the area, as local men are now becoming increasingly wary of their surroundings when approached by individuals presenting as women.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840301_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840301.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,446900400
5260,02,03,1984,"Rape Immunity ‘ludicrous’ (Press, 2 March 1984)","On 2 March 1984, representatives from the National Collective of Independent Women’s Refuges presented their views to a Parliamentary select committee regarding proposed changes in the Rape Law Reform Bill. They asserted that maintaining spousal immunity from rape perpetuates the denial that women could be raped by their partners. The bill suggested that a married man could not be charged with raping his wife unless they were living apart. The collective argued that this could lead to an absurd scenario where a married woman could be prosecuted for raping her husband, while he remained unaccountable for his actions. In their submission, the collective referenced a survey from September 1982, which indicated that nearly 50 percent of women who sought refuge identified their domestic situations as involving rape or sexual violence. They also highlighted a significant occurrence of sexual violence against children, believing that actual figures were likely much higher. The group called for the removal of the clause that allowed for spousal immunity, emphasising that women and children require the legal protections they deserve. The Society for the Promotion of Community Standards contended that simply imposing harsher penalties for rape would not effectively decrease its incidence. They suggested that Parliament should also focus on reducing the availability of pornographic materials, which they believed incited the impulses leading to rape. They argued that by criminalising rape within marriage, the legal treatment of married women would be equivalent to that of unmarried women, potentially undermining the institution of marriage and eradicating spousal immunity. Furthermore, the Zonta Club of Wellington proposed that complainants should have the option to testify without the accused present, and that their evidence could be recorded in advance, either as audio or in written form. They argued that this approach would minimize the distress experienced by many victims during court proceedings where they are cross-examined in the presence of their assailants. Contrastingly, the Society for Research on Women expressed its opposition to the complete exclusion of the public from court proceedings, advocating instead for transparency in the justice process. A Dunedin lawyer, Mr John O’Neill, recommended that the definition of rape remain unchanged from the existing law, which defines it as an act involving a male perpetrator and female or child victim. He cautioned that redefining the term could open the door to legalising homosexual acts between adult men, sparking further legal complexities. The discussions highlighted a stark divide of opinions on how best to address issues surrounding rape, spousal immunity, and the prosecution of such crimes within marriage, reflecting broader societal views on gender roles and legal protection for women and children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840302_2_78_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840302.2.78.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,446986800
6689,09,03,1984,"Discrimination Against Women (Press, 9 March 1984)","A series of letters published on 6 and 7 March 1984 in response to an article by Arthur May discusses the portrayal of various viewpoints in the media, particularly concerning women's rights and religious beliefs. Gillian and John Canham express their agreement with May’s observation that Christian perspectives are well-covered, but they critique the media for also providing space for minority viewpoints such as those held by communists and extreme feminists. They argue these viewpoints challenge elements of society, such as justice, freedom, love, and family stability, which they believe have benefited many outside the Christian community, asserting that their goal is to defend these ""God-given aspects."" The Canhams raise concerns about the potential implications of the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women. They warn that it might lead the government toward endorsing practices they oppose, including abortion on demand and legal recognition of same-sex marriages, which they fear could further curtail individual freedoms. On the following day, Eelen Priestley responds to the Canhams, noting the historical use of the Bible by fundamentalist religionists to justify the subjugation of women. She asserts that the Bible has been wielded as a weapon to impose severe conditions on women throughout history. Priestley argues that women should have the protection of law to ensure their security and dignity, emphasising that even well-meaning husbands often make binding decisions that affect their wives’ autonomy. She calls for women to assert their right to equality and encourages more individuals to actively support the ratification of the United Nations Convention to eliminate discrimination against women, which she believes would silence the fundamentalist rhetoric. These discussions encapsulate the ongoing debate in society regarding women's rights, the influence of religious beliefs, and governmental policy. The letters highlight a clash of perspectives: on one side, the defence of traditional values and the potential risks perceived in progressive movements; on the other, a demand for legal protections and equality in the face of historical injustices perpetrated against women.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840309_2_93_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840309.2.93.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,447595200
5261,10,03,1984,"Contentious Sculpture Attacked (Press, 10 March 1984)","On 10 March 1984, a vandal attacked a controversial sculpture at Stanford University, causing significant damage. The artwork, which features two homosexual couples—one male and one female—with their arms around each other, suffered an estimated $50,000 in repairs after being struck with a hammer. Police reported the incident, highlighting the sculpture's contentious nature. The bronze piece was initially intended for San Francisco, known for its prominent homosexual community, but was lent to Stanford while city officials deliberated on whether to accept the donation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840310_2_39_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840310.2.39.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,447681600
6690,10,03,1984,"Psychology Novel, Or Essay? (Press, 10 March 1984)","Wayne Innes' first novel, ""The Department,"" published by Linden Publishing in 1983, is reviewed by Ken Strongman, who notes that while the book shows glimpses of talent, it ultimately feels like a rough debut. The novel is set in a psychology department at a Sydney university, where it features a cast of exaggerated archetypes, including a head of department obsessed with his own theories, a cynical and drunken bisexual, and various other stereotypical characters. The story centres around Valkyr, a Swedish-American sexologist determined to promote lesbian domination, who enters this dysfunctional environment of inadequacy. The protagonist, portrayed as a sensible narrator, attempts to navigate the absurdities around him, which Strongman suggests mirrors Innes' self-image as an author. Despite moments of humour reminiscent of Tom Sharpe, the novel struggles with coherence and depth. Strongman describes it as a book that, while encouraging, requires substantial revision to reach its potential. He indicates that Innes has not yet established a unique writing style, resulting in a narrative that gives the impression of having been hastily written. Overall, the review portrays ""The Department"" as a work filled with promise but needing refinement and more thoughtful development.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840310_2_118_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840310.2.118.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,447681600
6691,12,03,1984,"5000 Attend Festival (Press, 12 March 1984)","On 10 March 1984, over 5,000 attendees participated in the inaugural International Women’s Day Festival held in North Hagley Park, Christchurch. The event, celebrated as a significant success by its organisers, featured contributions from 42 different organisations, including The Health Alternatives for Women, the Salvation Army, the Electrical Association for Women, the Young Women’s Christian Association, and a local lesbian group, all of which set up displays for the day. The festival offered a diverse range of entertainment, including performances by three women’s bands, two singers, and a puppet show aimed at engaging the audience. However, the event was not without controversy. The Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child (S.P.U.C.), which was banned from participating in the festival due to a disagreement with the organising committee, set up a stall just outside the official festival area to represent its viewpoint. S.P.U.C. spokeswoman Mrs Patricia Ratrhelnr claimed that the group had succeeded in maintaining visibility during the event, although she noted there were instances of “some fairly choice language” directed at them from individuals holding extreme views. Mr Philip Burdon, the member of Parliament for Fendalton, expressed his discontent with the decision to exclude S.P.U.C. from the festival, arguing that it represented a legitimate viewpoint deserving of consideration, regardless of differing opinions on the matter. The festival took place amidst this tension, demonstrating both the celebration of women's achievements and the ongoing debates surrounding women's rights and associated issues in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840312_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840312.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,447854400
5263,15,03,1984,"Gay Veto ‘act Of War’ (Press, 15 March 1984)","On 14 March 1984, a significant protest took place in San Francisco, driven by the city's prominent gay community in response to California Governor George Deukmejian’s veto of a proposed bill aimed at prohibiting job discrimination against homosexuals. The legislation had been the result of an eight-year struggle in the state legislature and was seen as a crucial step forward for gay rights. Following the veto, demonstrators gathered and marched through the streets of San Francisco, starting from Castro Street, a predominantly gay neighbourhood, and making their way to the Civic Centre. The protesters chanted phrases such as ""Gay rights now"" and used whistles to express their dissatisfaction with the governor’s decision. Governor Deukmejian had a history of being unsupportive of gay rights and his veto was perceived as influenced by the potential backlash he would face from conservative constituents. In his statement regarding the veto, Deukmejian asserted that the supporters of the bill did not provide sufficient evidence of widespread job discrimination against homosexuals, which he deemed necessary for such legislation. Mary Dunlap, a prominent San Francisco lawyer and advocate for gay rights, reacted strongly to the governor’s decision, characterising the veto not only as an assault on gay rights but also as a broader attack on civil rights in general. This event highlighted the tensions surrounding LGBTQ+ issues during this period and showcased the determination of activists advocating for equality in the face of resistance from political figures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840315_2_65_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840315.2.65.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,448113600
5262,15,03,1984,"Manhunt Gunman Found Dead (Press, 15 March 1984)","David Martin, once Britain's most wanted criminal, was discovered hanged in his cell at Parkhurst prison on the Isle of Wight on 14 March 1984, according to the Home Office. Martin, who was 37 years old, was serving a 25-year sentence for grievous bodily harm, firearms offences, and other crimes. His criminal history included a notorious manhunt that resulted in the accidental shooting of film editor Stephen Waldorf, who had recently been awarded £120,000 in compensation from the Metropolitan Police. During his time in prison, it was reported that Martin engaged in a homosexual relationship with mass murderer Dennis Nilsen after both men met while being held on remand at Brixton prison. Martin had previously gained notoriety after escaping from a cell at Marlborough Street Court in London on Christmas Eve in 1982, where he was awaiting trial for attempted murder, firearms offences, and bank robbery. While on the run, Martin embraced his transvestite fantasies, walking the streets of London as a woman and even posing in drag for photographs. His evasion of authorities ended dramatically in an underground tunnel in Belsize Park, north London, where he staged what was described as a “suicide walk,” resisting police commands to raise his hands. A solicitor representing Martin indicated that he had a “death wish” and was unable to cope with life in prison. The announcement of his death was not entirely surprising to those who knew him, according to his legal representative, Anthony Blok.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840315_2_65_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840315.2.65.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,448113600
5264,22,03,1984,"Cable Briefs (Press, 22 March 1984)","On 22 March 1984, significant international developments were reported across various regions. Firstly, a Soviet tanker, identified as the Duiker, sustained serious damage after hitting a mine planted by anti-Sandinist rebels in Puerto Sandino, Nicaragua. The incident resulted in several crew injuries, but the vessel managed to dock safely at the port, according to military sources. In the Caribbean, two United States sailboats carrying 19 individuals were detained by Cuban gunboats while participating in a race from Montego Bay, Jamaica, to Miami. The boats were escorted to the Cuban mainland, and discussions regarding the crews' fate were anticipated between diplomats in Washington and Miami. In Britain, thousands of police were deployed to prevent striking miners from shutting down coalfields, leading to a protest from union leader Arthur Scargill, who claimed the nation was turning into a police state. This marked the second consecutive day of heightened police presence in the English Midlands to thwart picket attempts at collieries where miners voted against participating in the strike. In Southeast Asia, the Indonesian Foreign Minister, Dr Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, announced that Vietnam had agreed in principle to withdraw its 180,000 troops from Kampuchea. However, the Vietnamese are unwilling to accept the return of the ousted Khmer Rouge regime led by Pol Pot. Dr Mochtar shared this information following discussions with his Vietnamese counterpart in Jakarta. Additionally, a scheduled meeting between Vietnamese and Thai diplomats was cancelled due to the Vietnamese Foreign Minister losing his voice. This meeting was part of a trip that included talks in Indonesia and Australia, predominantly focused on Vietnam's military involvement in Kampuchea. The Ford Motor Company is set to exit the Philippines within five months due to substantial losses and challenges within the local automotive industry. According to Ford's Philippines president, John Sagovac, the withdrawal will occur by August after fulfilling production schedules, affecting all of the company's operations in the country. Meanwhile, the Pentagon reported the arrival of a Soviet helicopter carrier, the Leningrad, and a guided missile destroyer, the Udaloy, in the Caribbean. These vessels are being closely monitored as they represent a significant presence of Soviet naval power in the region. In an event highlighting political tensions, seven Czechoslovakian tourists applied for political asylum in the United States or another Western country after failing to rejoin a Soviet cruise liner in Turkey. The group was located and taken to a refugee camp in Istanbul while their asylum status was processed. Finally, the West German Defence Ministry announced that State Secretary Joachim Hiehle, who played a pivotal role in a political scandal linked to the dismissal of General Guenther Kiessling, would retire for health reasons next month. The allegations that led to Kiessling’s sacking were never substantiated, and he was ultimately reinstated by Chancellor Dr Helmut Kohl.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840322_2_72_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840322.2.72.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,448718400
5265,28,03,1984,"General Honoured At Farewell (Press, 28 March 1984)","On 28 March 1984, General Guenther Kiessling, a deputy Supreme Commander of NATO, retired amidst a political scandal that his dismissal had ignited. The retirement ceremony took place at the Ernst Moritz Arndt Barracks in Marburg, West Germany, where Kiessling previously served as a battalion commander. The event was formal, with a military band and torch-bearers present, and included Defence Minister Dr Manfred Woerner, who had dismissed Kiessling in December. The controversy surrounding Kiessling stemmed from allegations that he was a homosexual and posed a blackmail risk, claims that were primarily based on a discredited report by Military Counter-Intelligence. According to this report, Kiessling allegedly compromised his security by visiting homosexual bars in Cologne. However, the situation escalated when, out of four witnesses initially presented by Counter-Intelligence, three retracted their statements, leaving only the testimony of a convicted East German spy to support the allegations. Dr Woerner, during the reception prior to the ceremony, expressed regret over the ordeal Kiessling faced. He acknowledged the difficult situation they found themselves in and offered an apology, stating, ""You have had to suffer a lot and I regret this deeply."" In response, Kiessling displayed a calm demeanor, stating to reporters, ""It is not without a certain bitterness that I leave. I hope this will remain a unique case and I will contribute all I can to make sure that it is."" The retirement ceremony marked the end of an intense chapter in Kiessling's military career, where he was at the centre of a scandal that questioned not only his integrity but also the handling of sensitive issues surrounding orientation and security within the military establishment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840328_2_72_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840328.2.72.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,449236800
6923,29,03,1984,"Who’s Who In A Skirt These Days? (Press, 29 March 1984)","In a recent exploration of fashion trends in London, journalist Sally Brampton observed a noticeable shift in gender norms and clothing styles, especially among young men. A striking example was spotted in Piccadilly—a young man donned a heavy black leather jacket adorned with metal studs, spiked chains, and a bold black hairstyle, but what stood out most was his choice of a long skirt instead of the typical black leather trousers or bondage pants associated with his look. This incident points to a growing acceptance of men wearing skirts, reflecting an evolving understanding of comfort and self-expression in fashion. Brampton noted a similar instance at a nightclub, where a male acquaintance wore a ribbed wool skirt. He identified his clothing choice as a personal comfort preference rather than a transvestite statement, reminiscent of the justifications women once made when adopting trousers. This trend, dubbed “gender bending,” has been more prominent in the realm of music, with figures like Boy George, Marilyn, and Annie Lennox of Eurythmics influencing popular culture through androgynous styles. Eying broader societal shifts, Brampton mentioned that young people are increasingly mixing traditional gendered clothing elements. This style manifests in oversized jackets, loose shirts, and trousers cinched at the waist, leading to what she describes as a ""genderless army of youth."" These trends have roots in past fashion rebellions, and they are being echoed by designers who align their collections with evolving social attitudes without directly copying street style. One notable example of this merger between street fashion and high fashion is seen in the punk aesthetic, which has been tailored for runway presentations with luxury elements. Designer Giorgio Armani has tapped into the growing acceptance of androgyny, creating men’s suits designed for women. Meanwhile, Japanese designer Issey Miyake has pioneered a gender-neutral approach, making unstructured clothing that appeals to both sexes equally. With the opening of his new store, Plantation, Miyake's designs are marketed without distinction to gender. Additionally, designer Wendy Dagworthy has launched a men’s collection characterized by relaxed fits similar to her women's line, embodying comfort and versatility. Through these examples, Brampton illustrates a significant transition in fashion, where traditional gender roles in clothing are increasingly blurred. The evolution reflects a wider cultural shift toward individual expression and comfort, marking a progressive moment in fashion history as both men and women embrace a more fluid approach to dressing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840329_2_72_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840329.2.72.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,449323200
5266,31,03,1984,"Protesters Battle Police In London’s Financial... (Press, 31 March 1984)","On 30 March 1984, London’s financial district was the scene of a significant protest as hundreds of demonstrators, characterised by painted faces and unusual hairstyles, attempted to disrupt the operations of the City of London, which is the hub of Britain’s banking and finance. This protest, dubbed the “Stop The City Carnival,” resulted in clashes with police, with protests leading to damage to cars and broken bank windows. Amid the chaos, mounted police confronted demonstrators who attempted to block streets, leading to the arrest of nearly 450 individuals predominantly for obstruction and insulting behaviour. Despite the turmoil, the Stock Exchange and other financial institutions remained operational, although business operations were affected due to delays in the delivery of cheques and documents caused by the protests. The participants in this demonstration identified with a range of anti-establishment causes, including animal rights, homosexual equality, anarchism, and nuclear disarmament, with many coming from various parts of the UK. Meanwhile, on the same day, a larger and more orderly protest took place in London's West End, where around 20,000 trade union members, including the Opposition Labour Party Leader, Mr Neil Kinnock, marched against Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's proposals to abolish the municipal government of London and six other urban areas. In Liverpool, approximately 15,000 protesters gathered as the City Council was debating a Labour Party initiative aimed at challenging Thatcher’s spending restrictions through a strategy that involved potentially plunging the city into deliberate bankruptcy. The protests in London marked the second consecutive day of unrest in the city, as transportation systems, including buses and underground trains, were disrupted due to a strike opposing Thatcher's local government policies. During the events in the financial district, protesters engaged in more aggressive actions, such as throwing smoke bombs and bricks through office windows in an area dense with banks and financial entities. Despite the aggressive attempts to take over the City of London for a day, police reported that normal operations in financial houses persisted, with no significant disruptions in their work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840331_2_94_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840331.2.94.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,449496000
6692,31,03,1984,"The Worm Turns At 40 (Press, 31 March 1984)","""The Good Father,"" a novel by Peter Prince, published in 1983, explores themes of fatherhood and societal change against the backdrop of contemporary London. The book reflects on the turbulent environment of the late 1960s, marked by the rise of extreme feminism and notable events such as Andy Warhol's shooting by Valerie Solanas, which raises questions about male identity and relations with women. The story focuses on two fathers, particularly a character named Hooper, whose marriage has ended, leaving his wife with custody of their children and limiting his access to them. Hooper grapples with his bitterness towards his wife and women in general, feeling a deep sense of regret for his past support of militant female friends whom he once idolised. This emotional turmoil reveals his conflicted feelings about gender relations as he confronts the realities of his situation. Enter Roger Miles, a man facing his own struggles with fatherhood. Hooper and Roger form an unlikely friendship based on their shared challenges, but tensions rise when Hooper encourages Roger to pursue custody over his son from a lesbian relationship, leading to a confrontation that stirs up Roger's suppressed anger. As Roger navigates his legal battle, Hooper embarks on a journey of self-discovery and reevaluation of his views on women and family. Despite its engaging narrative and honest exploration of its themes, the novel has been critiqued for being a reflection of an era where men grapple with their shifting roles, often mourning lost ideals. The author intertwines social commentary about contemporary Britain, which some readers may find intrusive to the main plot. However, the book successfully captures the zeitgeist of the early 1980s, touching on issues such as the Falkland Islands controversy, adding relevance to the narrative. Overall, while ""The Good Father"" may not be considered a groundbreaking novel, it appeals to readers familiar with London and those facing their own mid-life reflections. It encapsulates the struggles of fatherhood and the complexities of male-female dynamics amidst shifting cultural landscapes. The narrative resonates with anyone nearing forty and navigating their own changing identities amid societal pressures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840331_2_123_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840331.2.123.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,449496000
5268,10,04,1984,"Link Established With A.I.D.S. Virus (Press, 10 April 1984)","A new study has established a significant link between receptive anal intercourse among homosexual men and an immune system change associated with almost all individuals diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Conducted by a team led by Dr. Roger Detels from the University of Southern California, the research involved 89 homosexual men and is considered the first to show that those who engage in receptive anal sex are more likely to carry immune system antibodies tied to past exposure to cytomegalovirus (CMV). This virus is commonly found in nearly all AIDS patients. While Dr. Detels emphasised that the study does not directly link anal intercourse to AIDS, it raises crucial questions about whether injuries sustained in the rectal area may facilitate the entry of whatever causes AIDS into the bloodstream. He stated that although the findings increase suspicion around the topic, conclusive proof has not been established. Dr. Detels hinted at the need for individuals in the homosexual community to consider alternatives to anal sex when evaluating their risk factors. The study, which also involved contributions from Dr. Barbara Visscher and researchers from UCLA and the National Institutes of Health, was published in a recent edition of the Journal of the American Medical Association. AIDS is known for compromising the body’s immune defenses, leading to opportunistic infections, which can be fatal. CMV infects a substantial majority of American adults by the age of 50 without causing obvious symptoms, raising questions about its relationship to AIDS; while some scientists once thought CMV might be a causative factor in AIDS, the prevailing belief is that it functions primarily as an opportunistic infection. Previous research by the UCLA team had already documented links between anal intercourse and changes in the levels of T cells — crucial components of the immune system — which are significantly altered in AIDS patients. The participants in the latest study will continue to be monitored to determine how many may go on to develop AIDS. As of now, only two of the 89 individuals studied have been diagnosed with the disease. The AIDS epidemic has claimed more than 1,300 lives among over 3,500 cases reported in the United States, predominantly affecting male homosexuals or those who abuse drugs. Other groups considered at increased risk include Haitians, hemophiliacs, and individuals receiving standard blood transfusions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840410_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840410.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,450360000
7432,10,04,1984,"Man Found Guilty Of Manslaughter (Press, 10 April 1984)","A man from Te Kauwhata, Stephan Cserepanyi, aged 26, has been found guilty of manslaughter by a jury in the High Court at Auckland after shooting his best friend, Colin James Newbold, in the head. The incident occurred after Newbold had confided in Cserepanyi about his bisexual tendencies and reassured him regarding feelings he might have for Cserepanyi's son. The trial, presided over by Mr Justice Sinclair, saw Cserepanyi plead not guilty to a murder charge, asserting that the shooting was accidental. Defence lawyer Mr Peter Williams argued that the high-powered rifle used in the shooting had been left loaded from a pighunting trip three weeks prior. After approximately four hours of deliberation, the jury ultimately returned a verdict of not guilty of murder but guilty of manslaughter. Cserepanyi has been remanded on bail of $2,000, with a sentencing report due on 30 April 1984.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840410_2_74_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840410.2.74.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,450360000
6693,10,04,1984,"Oscar Awards Show On One Tonight (Press, 10 April 1984)","On 10 April 1984, major anticipation surrounded the Academy Awards as celebrities Shirley MacLaine and Robert Duvall emerged as leading contenders for Oscars, with a global audience of 500 million expected to tune in. MacLaine was the 3-1 favourite for Best Actress for her performance in ""Terms of Endearment,"" where she portrayed a determined widow facing challenges from her strong-willed daughter, played by Debra Winger, who was also nominated for the same award. Despite her past four nominations without a win, critics felt this was MacLaine's year. She expressed confidence in her performance and acknowledged the difficult competition from her onscreen daughter. Duvall, at age 53, was a 3-2 favourite for Best Actor for his role in ""Tender Mercies,"" which depicted a recovering alcoholic country-western singer. Duvall faced stiff competition from four British actors, namely Michael Caine and Tom Conti, both of whom played poets, and Albert Finney and Tom Courtenay from ""The Dresser."" Caine, nominated for previous roles in ""Alfie"" and ""Sleuth,"" remarked on the pressure of potentially winning but noted it wouldn’t devastate him if he didn’t. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences anticipated a significant boost to box office revenues for the winners, estimating that an Oscar could add up to US$20 million for the best film recipient and US$4 million for best actor or actress. This led to studios investing heavily, around US$4 million, in promotions for their nominees. In the running for Best Actress alongside MacLaine and Winger were Jane Alexander for ""Testament,"" Meryl Streep for ""Silkwood,"" and Julie Walters for ""Educating Rita."" If Caine and Walters triumphed, they would be the sixth pair in Oscar history to both win from the same film. For Best Film, the frontrunner was ""The Right Stuff,"" a film that examined the early space programme, with ""Terms of Endearment,"" ""Tender Mercies,"" ""The Dresser,"" and ""The Big Chill"" also in the mix. A win for ""The Dresser"" would mark the third consecutive year that a British film took the award, following the successes of ""Gandhi"" and ""Chariots of Fire."" In supporting categories, Jack Nicholson was favoured for Best Supporting Actor for his role in ""Terms of Endearment,"" while Cher was the favourite for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in ""Silkwood."" The ""Academy Awards 1984"" ceremony was set to be broadcast live at 8 p.m. on One.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840410_2_104_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840410.2.104.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,450360000
5267,10,04,1984,"P.m. Brings Moyle Affair Into Allen Case (Press, 10 April 1984)","On 10 April 1984, Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon addressed reporters concerning the ongoing media interest in the alleged assault on Customs Minister Mr Allen, and his subsequent health issues. Muldoon referred to the 1976 Moyle affair, drawing a stark contrast between that incident and the current situation, suggesting that the matters surrounding Mr Allen were much more innocent. He invoked the public’s memory of the Labour Minister of Agriculture, Mr Moyle, who had resigned after a scandal involving differing accounts of police inquiries into his conduct. During the press conference, Muldoon declined to clarify his ""innocent"" comment and avoided responding directly to demands from New Zealand Party leader Mr Bob Jones for Mr Allen’s resignation. He criticised Television New Zealand for its perceived harassment of Mr Allen, who was reported to be on leave for health reasons, and he included the Parliamentary Press Gallery in his criticism for their sensational coverage. Muldoon stated that illness among Cabinet members was manageable and asserted there was no significant problem, although three Ministers were on leave. Mr Allen had recently been reported to be back in New Zealand after claims he was in Australia, and his health condition—specifically his diabetes—was discussed. He had complained about being assaulted while walking home from Parliament, and a neurosurgeon confirmed he was asked to provide a police report regarding Mr Allen. Despite the police investigation, there were no arrests so far. Muldoon compared the current media scrutiny to past incidents involving Labour ministers, claiming a ""conspiracy of silence"" among journalists at that time. When pressed about whether the media should disclose what they knew about Mr Allen, he suggested they should publish the details if they believed them to be true, implying the existence of libel protections. However, he noted that Mr Allen was granted two weeks of leave and had not been available for reporters’ inquiries. Mr Jones, voicing concern over the state of Mr Allen's health, called for the Minister of Police to disclose a forensic report related to the incident. He expressed that the pressures of Parliament could lead to difficult situations for members, advocating for compassion through resignation when warranted. In an unrelated matter, Muldoon also addressed questions about charging the press gallery rent for their offices. He defended the decision by arguing that media outlets profit from their work and therefore should contribute to their operational costs. He highlighted that the press gallery often focuses on sensational news rather than comprehensive reporting of parliamentary activity, which he believes justifies the rent imposition. Muldoon concluded that any dissatisfaction he expressed was due to the journalists’ choices and practices, rather than a personal vendetta against them.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840410_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840410.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,450360000
5269,14,04,1984,"P.m. Wins First Stage (Press, 14 April 1984)","On 14 April 1984, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher successfully advanced the first phase of her plan to eliminate Labour-led councils in London and six other metropolitan areas, despite opposition from some senior Conservative Party members who termed the action undemocratic. In a recent parliamentary vote, Thatcher overcame a Conservative revolt, securing the bill's passage with 301 votes in favour and 208 against. This legislation will effectively annul the local elections scheduled for the following year in these areas and is set to lead to the councils' abolition by 1986. The measure presents a significant setback for the Labour Party, particularly marking the decline of the Greater London Council (G.L.C.), the last major Labour stronghold in southern England. Ken Livingstone, the young and controversial leader of the G.L.C., who has gained widespread recognition since taking office three years ago, faces political extinction as a result of these changes. Livingstone has been a polarising figure, known for his radical policies such as declaring London a nuclear-free zone, supporting LGBTQ+ rights and funding minority groups, as well as initiating discussions with supporters of the banned Irish Republican Army. He has been labelled derogatorily by some media, being referred to as “the most odious man in Britain.” The proposed changes have drawn significant criticism, particularly from prominent Conservatives, including former Prime Minister Edward Heath, who condemned the plan as ""the greatest gerrymandering of the last 150 years of British history."" Thatcher’s strategy focuses on dismantling the G.L.C. and similar city councils, intending to pass responsibility for public services to local boroughs. Critics, including Livingstone and his supporters, argue that the abolition of the G.L.C. is a tactic aimed at thwarting socialist governance in London, claiming that the cancellation of elections is a calculated move to prevent the return of a Labour administration after the polls.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840414_2_87_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840414.2.87.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,450705600
6924,17,04,1984,"Transvestite Admits Assault On Man (Press, 17 April 1984)","On 17 April 1984, a District Court was informed of a violent assault stemming from an alleged sexual advance made towards an admitted transvestite. The accused, 17-year-old Hughes Allen Moerua, was charged with assaulting 44-year-old John Dodge, inflicting severe facial injuries during the incident that occurred on March 31. Sergeant J. E. Dwyer reported that the two had been drinking at Tavern Rachel before travelling by taxi to a Worcester Street address, where the assault intensified. Moerua allegedly knocked Dodge to the ground and stamped on his face multiple times, leaving him badly bleeding. Dodge was subsequently hospitalised for a week and underwent surgery for his injuries. While Moerua acknowledged striking Dodge at the tavern, he claimed to have no memory of the subsequent events. He accused Dodge of making a sexual suggestion, which Dodge denied. At the time of the incident, Moerua, who is known in Christchurch as Sabre Krystle Jones, was dressed in women's clothing. Moerua was also remanded in custody for a separate charge of assaulting a police officer during an incident on April 1, to which he pleaded not guilty. His court date was set for April 30 for a probation report and sentencing. In another case, an accountant, aged 34, denied fifteen charges of social welfare fraud amounting to approximately $2,000, believed to have occurred in Auckland between December 1981 and April 1982. He was remanded on bail, with a hearing scheduled for June 5 and interim suppression of his name granted. Regarding drug offences, Larry Keith Hunter, a 31-year-old shearer, was found with 2,917 cannabis seeds and two grams of cannabis plant at his home in Kaiapoi when police executed a search warrant. He admitted possession on April 6 and was subsequently convicted. Hunter claimed the seeds were for his personal use. His defence attorney suggested a fine might suffice, given the small quantity, but Judge Palmer called for a probation report. Further legal proceedings included a 76-year-old man facing charges of indecently assaulting two 11-year-old girls, for which he did not enter a plea and was remanded to April 30 with interim name suppression. Additionally, 23-year-old Rhys Ivor Morgan, a welder, was remanded without plea to April 30 on charges related to possessing cannabis preparations and leaf intended for sale. Lastly, 21-year-old Martin Deporres Lalor, a fine arts student, confessed to stealing three bags from American tourists, an act he attributed to feeling depressed. The value of the stolen property totalled $1,720. He was remanded for a probation report, with the Judge noting that such thefts dent New Zealand's image as a tourist destination. Lalor's history of depression and serious motorcycle accident injuries were cited by his counsel during the hearing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840417_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840417.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,450964800
6694,18,04,1984,"Conference For Lesbians, Gays (Press, 18 April 1984)","Christchurch is set to host the largest lesbian and gay rights conference in the South Island later this month, running from April 21 to April 24, 1984. The event is expected to attract around 150 participants from across New Zealand. The conference will feature a range of workshops addressing various aspects of lesbian and gay life in the country, with a particular focus on future planning. One of the main topics on the agenda will be A.I.D.S., including discussions on how to support and prepare for the impacts of the disease, which has yet to be detected in New Zealand. Additionally, participants can expect workshops dedicated to the social and political consequences that may arise once A.I.D.S. becomes more prevalent within the community. The conference will also cover specialised subjects such as child custody issues, the unique needs of elderly lesbians and homosexuals, and the involvement of lesbians and homosexuals in trade unions and churches. This conference marks a significant milestone as it is the first four-day event of its kind in New Zealand, aiming to foster dialogue and community building among the attendees.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840418_2_30_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840418.2.30.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,451051200
5270,18,04,1984,"Legal Action Over Play (Press, 18 April 1984)","The Suter Gallery in Nelson faces the possibility of legal action for banning Garry Beveridge's production of ""The Elocution of Benjamin Franklin,"" written by Australian playwright Steve J. Spears. Beveridge has initiated legal proceedings against the gallery and plans to escalate the matter to court if it is not resolved by April 30, 1984. Additionally, he is contemplating a defamation lawsuit due to negative statements made by the gallery regarding him and his performance. ""The Elocution of Benjamin Franklin"" tells the story of a convivial elocution teacher and his student, Benjamin Franklin. Beveridge has been touring the play since October 1983, with performances across the North and parts of the South Island. He asserts the play addresses themes of homosexuality without depicting inappropriate relationships, countering the misconceptions that arose in Nelson where the show was initially banned. The one-man show features a character who is a transvestite, challenging perceptions about sexuality. Beveridge clarified that while the play includes a brief nudity scene, it is innocent and non-sexualised. He expressed his commitment to transparency in advertising the show to ensure potential viewers are aware of its content. The reaction to the play in Nelson has caused Beveridge significant distress, as he believes it is driven by uneducated criticism from those who had not witnessed the performance. He feels compelled to take a stand against censorship and protect the principles of artistic freedom and expression. During its initial run in Nelson, the play was performed for six nights. Due to overwhelming demand, Beveridge planned a return engagement for two additional nights, only to discover that the Suter Gallery had banned the show. Ultimately, he was able to secure a venue at the Theatre Royal in Nelson. Beveridge has faced a wave of backlash throughout the country, including vandalism of promotional materials and hostile treatment in public. Despite this, he continues to passionately advocate for the play's message. His background includes extensive education in American Studies and theatre, having studied in New York and obtained a scholarship to further his studies at the Dallas Theatre Centre. After struggling to find work in New Zealand's theatre scene, Beveridge decided to self-produce the show, selling his possessions to finance the rights to the play for a year. His upcoming performance in Christchurch is expected to mark the 100th date of the tour. Prior to the public performance, Beveridge will present the show at a national conference for lesbians and homosexuals. To aid in his touring efforts, Beveridge is accompanied by technician Bruce Appleton, responsible for set design, and his pet dog, Lottie. Looking ahead, Beveridge aspires to secure rights to stage the production on a tour across the United States post-New Zealand performances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840418_2_90_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840418.2.90.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,451051200
7063,19,04,1984,"Mirth And Masochism At Canterbury Film Festival (Press, 19 April 1984)","The 1984 Canterbury Film Festival is set to commence on 20 April at 11 p.m. at the Avenue Cinema in Riccarton, with a diverse lineup that promises both entertainment and intrigue. The festival lasts for two weeks and features 23 films, many of which are rarely screened in Christchurch. The selected films range from comedies to deeply compelling narratives, providing a mix of commercial and artistic cinema. Opening the festival is ""Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl,"" showcasing the comedy troupe performing their classic sketches alongside new material. Following this, ""Nutcracker Fantasy,"" a puppet-animated film, will enchant audiences with the tale of a girl's dream journey on Easter Saturday. Later that evening, Werner Herzog’s ambitious film ""Fitzcarraldo"" tells the story of an Irishman determined to build an opera house in the Amazon jungle. Easter Sunday includes a double feature of notoriously poor films, ""Robot Monster"" and ""Plan 9 From Outer Space,"" aimed at those who enjoy cringing at cinematic failures. The festival's offerings continue with ""Moving Out,"" an Australian comedy-drama about a young Italian struggling in Melbourne, and ""Lola,"" a satirical work regarded as one of Rainer Werner Fassbinder's last significant films. The festival also highlights ""The Atomic Cafe,"" a documentary-comedy that critiques American propaganda from the Cold War era. Other films include ""Dead Men Don’t Wear Plaid,"" a Steve Martin film integrating vintage footage with new scenes, and Fernando Arrabal's intense ""Viva La Muerte,"" which provocatively addresses childhood experiences during the Spanish Civil War. Additional noteworthy screenings include ""Blood Feud,"" featuring Sophia Loren, set in 1920s Sicily; ""Bolero – The Dance of Life,"" which is an epic tale spanning decades; and ""Heavy Metal,"" an animated fantasy combining multiple artistic talents. Other films explore themes of friendship and love, evident in ""One Wild Moment"" and ""The Missionary,"" starring Monty Python's Michael Palin. The festival will present both serious narratives, such as ""The Executioner’s Song,"" a true crime story, and comedies like ""Privates on Parade,"" which satirise military life. ""Under Fire"" tackles contemporary issues surrounding U.S. foreign policy in Central America. Overall, the Canterbury Film Festival aims to cater to varied tastes, showcasing a blend of unique film experiences that challenge and entertain audiences while highlighting cinematic works that may otherwise be inaccessible in the region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840419_2_118_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840419.2.118.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,451137600
5273,24,04,1984,"City’s Unattractive Side (Press, 24 April 1984)","A committee of 201 San Francisco citizens has released a concerning report regarding the city's future, following 18 months of study. This assessment highlights a disheartening shift in the character of San Francisco, which has historically been cherished for its unique cultural and social vibrancy. In its critique, the committee laments the city's decline in unified leadership and warns that the influx of tourism and corporate interests is eroding the charm that once defined it. The committee’s evaluation portrayed San Francisco as a city that has strayed far from its legacy of resilience and innovation, epitomised by its reconstruction after the catastrophic earthquake and fire of 1906. The report criticises the current leadership, accusing politicians of being weak and overly beholden to special interests, often prioritising re-election over tackling significant city challenges. Key issues highlighted in the report include the deteriorating public education system, ineffective transportation infrastructure, and the displacement of blue-collar workers and middle-class families as affluent individuals, the homosexual community, and other specific groups move into the city. The report indicates that this demographic shift is pushing poorer elderly residents and underprivileged immigrants into increasingly crowded areas. While the committee acknowledges a multitude of strong and entrenched interests within the city, it expresses concern over the lack of consensus and productive collaboration among them. The group's findings point towards the need for a renewed focus on the needs of residents rather than simply catering to tourism and corporate development. Recommendations include preserving the uniqueness of the city’s architecture and character while avoiding the perils of overdevelopment akin to larger cities such as New York or Los Angeles. As San Francisco anticipates a record influx of tourists in 1984 and continues to see the construction of numerous hotels and skyscrapers, the committee's report serves as a sobering reflection on the challenges facing the city and a clarion call for a reevaluation of priorities to safeguard its distinctive essence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840424_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840424.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,451569600
5272,24,04,1984,"San Francisco’s Baths Sex Ban (Press, 24 April 1984)","On 24 April 1984, San Francisco made a significant move to combat the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) by instituting a ban on sexual activity in bathhouses and sex clubs frequented by the city's large homosexual community. The city’s Public Health Director, Mervyn Silverman, announced that while the establishments will not be closed, sexual activity within them must cease. This decision comes amid growing concern about the transmission of AIDS, which is particularly affecting homosexuals. The disease is transmitted primarily through intimate sexual contact and is known to compromise the immune system, leaving individuals vulnerable to other infections. Despite the ban, there have been calls from various city officials, including Mayor Dianne Feinstein, to shut down these establishments outright on public health grounds. The ruling by Silverman, which impacts approximately 16 bathhouses and sex clubs, is intended to mitigate what many see as a significant public health threat, considering an estimated 15 percent of the San Francisco population identifies as homosexual. Enforcement of the new order will involve the potential revocation of the business licences for any establishments that fail to comply with the regulations. In response to the ban, leaders within the homosexual community expressed concerns about civil liberties, arguing that closing such venues would infringe on their rights. Rick Andrews, a doctor working within the community, emphasised the importance of bathhouses as symbols of gay freedom and liberation. Additionally, some activists cautioned that a ban could lead to a shift in sexual behaviour, pushing individuals to seek sexual encounters in less public and potentially more dangerous places. The city's decision reflects a broader struggle to address the health crisis posed by AIDS while balancing the rights and freedoms of individuals within the homosexual community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840424_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840424.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,451569600
5271,24,04,1984,"U.S. Journalists Dwell On Personality (Press, 24 April 1984)","On 24 April 1984, New Zealand Press Association reported insights from Washington regarding the media's critical portrayal of government figures, focusing on recent comments from New Zealand's Prime Minister, Sir Robert Muldoon. He lamented that journalists often highlight negative aspects of governmental performance, a sentiment echoed by figures in Washington, including President Ronald Reagan. This effect, while noted, does not significantly change the manner in which news is reported. The American public appears to sympathise with these complaints, with U.S. Appeals Court Judge Irving Kaufman criticising the media as ""aloof, arrogant and insensitive."" The critique extends to the way American journalism frequently focuses on personal attributes and characteristics of political figures rather than just their policy decisions. Publications like ""Time"" magazine emphasise that understanding a candidate's temperament is key to evaluating their fitness for office. Journalists in Washington are known for their relentless pursuit of the truth, a trait that has historically led to significant political consequences, such as the downfall of President Nixon during the Watergate scandal. Presently, Attorney General-Designate Edwin Meese is under scrutiny due to reports revealing questionable conduct. The absence of a robust official secrets act in the U.S. enables journalists to expose sensitive information, including allegations involving the CIA's actions in Nicaragua, which have sparked outrage in Congress. With a substantial number of journalists operating in Washington and constitutional protections for the press, few secrets remain concealed for long. Major newspapers are also financially equipped to allocate resources to in-depth investigations, which may take time to yield results, further dissecting policies for their electoral ramifications. The relationship between politicians and the media is complicated, particularly in Washington, characterised by a culture of scepticism. Journalists scrutinise the actions and motives of government officials closely, often leading to a perception that the press is overly critical and cynical. This skepticism towards the press was notably articulated by former Vice President Spiro Agnew, who labelled journalists as “nattering nabobs of negativism.” Ironically, Agnew himself resigned due to legal troubles, highlighting the risks associated with public life. Additionally, the article discusses the media's tendency to delve into the private lives of public figures, illustrating the intensity of Washington's political environment. This dynamic fosters leaks and insider information that contribute to the sensationalism of stories about internal governmental conflicts. The government sought to limit press access during the Grenada invasion, a move met with strong backlash from journalists, though some members of the public appeared to support the government's decision, prompting introspection within the media. The article also highlights the media's self-scrutiny, noting a recent case where ""The Wall Street Journal"" dismissed a reporter for unethical practices related to insider information. The scandal was compounded by revelations about the reporter's personal life, showing the media's commitment to transparency, even when it involves sensitive or potentially damaging information. The involvement of notable financial figures, like Peter Brant, who has advised the New Zealand Government, connects the international investment sphere to the unfolding media landscape in the U.S., further demonstrating the intertwined nature of politics and journalism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840424_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840424.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,451569600
5274,26,04,1984,"Researchers Claim A.I.D.S. Breakthrough (Press, 26 April 1984)","On 26 April 1984, American medical researchers announced significant progress in understanding Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), suggesting a probable cause for the disease and the potential for a vaccine to be developed within two years. The announcement, made by United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, Margaret Heckler, did not clearly attribute the breakthrough to either the National Institutes of Health in Washington or the French Pasteur Institute, which had also made similar findings. This news was received with cautious optimism by representatives of the homosexual community in San Francisco. Activist Tom Waddell acknowledged the positive developments but expressed concern that many individuals would perish before the vaccine could be created. AIDS destroys the immune system, leaving individuals vulnerable to various diseases, and has had a devastating effect particularly on homosexuals, as well as drug addicts, haemophiliacs, and people from impoverished communities in places like Haiti and central Africa. Heckler described the discovery as a triumph of science over a dire disease, highlighting that a blood test for AIDS could potentially be developed within six months. This test would prevent the use of tainted blood in transfusions and aid in controlling the epidemic. Scientists believe that the AIDS virus is transmitted through human body fluids, with the homosexual community being especially at risk through sexual activity. A National Cancer Institute team led by Dr Robert Gallo identified the likely cause of AIDS as a variant of a blood cancer cell known as Human T-Cell Leukaemia Virus, which attacks T-cells, critical components of the immune system. Gallo acknowledged the French Pasteur Institute's findings, which identified a similar virus called Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus (LAV). He noted the possibility that both viruses might actually be the same and indicated that collaboration between the two laboratories was underway to clarify this within weeks. In response to the rapid spread of the disease within the homosexual community, San Francisco had enacted a ban on sexual activity in bathhouses and sex clubs to mitigate the risks associated with AIDS. While researchers celebrated the advancement, public health officials and community leaders stressed the importance of prevention measures that could be implemented immediately to combat the ongoing crisis. As of the report, over 4,000 Americans had been reported to have contracted AIDS since its identification in 1981, with more than 1,700 fatalities attributed to the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840426_2_57_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840426.2.57.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,451742400
5275,30,04,1984,"U.k. Reviews Sex Laws (Press, 30 April 1984)","In April 1984, the Criminal Law Revision Committee in Britain released a report addressing the country’s sexual offence laws, aiming to refine the legal framework surrounding private sexual behaviours while upholding public order and decency. The committee advocates for minimal legal intervention in personal lives, but the challenge lies in defining what constitutes public order and decency. One of the prominent issues highlighted in the report is the inconsistency between the legal status of buggery among different sexual orientations. While buggery is legal between consenting male adults, the committee recognised the absurdity of it being illegal between a man and a woman, even within marriage. In 1982, 209 convictions for this offence were recorded, raising questions about how such cases were approached by law enforcement. The report proposes decriminalising buggery between a man and a woman as soon as the woman reaches the age of consent, which is currently set at 16. Conversely, the age of consent for male homosexual acts stands at 21, a disparity that remains contentious. Although there have been suggestions to lower this age limit to 18, the committee did not recommend a reduction to 16. One of the more controversial suggestions in the report involves the legalisation of consensual incest between adult siblings who reunite after years of separation. The committee posits that such relationships do not inherently involve exploitation unless a dependent younger sibling is involved. The report also addresses disparities in sentencing for indecent assault, recommending that the law should eliminate the current inequity where a man could receive a 10-year sentence for assaulting another male, while a lower two-year sentence could apply for identical offences against a woman. To rectify this, the committee suggests increasing the potential sentence for assaults on women to match that of assaults on men. However, some recommendations raise questions about practicality, such as the proposal to create a specific offence for homosexual activities in public toilets, which could inevitably lead to complications regarding legal definitions and enforcement. Overall, the report highlights the ongoing legal and moral complexities inherent in regulating sexual behaviour in Britain, reflecting a tension between liberal views of personal autonomy and traditional legal frameworks aimed at protecting public morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840430_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840430.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,452088000
6695,07,05,1984,"Reclaiming The Dark (Press, 7 May 1984)","In a personal reflection published on 7 May 1984, the author shares her transformation regarding walking in the dark. Initially, she relished these evening strolls, appreciating the sounds and smells that took on new significance in the shadows, as ordinary sights became imbued with a sense of mystery. However, this enjoyment waned due to increasing fears fuelled by pervasive media reports detailing assaults on women in various settings, leading her to feel unsafe venturing out alone. Recognising the shrinking confidence in her ability to navigate her neighbourhood, the author decides to take action by enrolling in a self-defence course for women at the Y.M.C.A. Contrary to her expectations of encountering a radical group, she finds herself in a class with ordinary women from different walks of life, many of whom have faced their own harassment and fears, including nurses, single mothers, and others, all sharing similar trepidations about safety, particularly in darker environments. As the course progresses, the women bond over their experiences of confronting men in threatening situations, ranging from intrusive phone calls to physical violations. The instructor teaches them crucial self-defence techniques and encourages them to transform their fear into assertiveness. The women learn that the typical portrayals of women in distress in media are counterproductive; they are urged to maintain composure, speak directly to their attackers, and express anger instead of helplessness. The course also highlights successful encounters where women effectively deterred would-be attackers through wit and assertiveness rather than physical confrontation. The author recalls stories of women who, using humour or straightforwardness, were able to disarm aggressive individuals, thus reinforcing the idea that confidence and assertiveness can be powerful tools for self-defence. As the class culminates, the participants engage in practical exercises, including being blindfolded and attacked to simulate real-life scenarios. The experience, though daunting, ultimately leaves them feeling empowered and confident. By the end of the course, the author reflects on her renewed sense of safety and Freedom to walk in the dark, grateful for the skills learned in self-defence that have reignited her enjoyment of her evening walks—a previously stolen joy now reclaimed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840507_2_68_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840507.2.68.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,452692800
6925,08,05,1984,"Nine-month Jail Term For Assault (Press, 8 May 1984)","On 8 May 1984, a District Court judge sentenced 17-year-old Hughes Allen Moerua, known as Sabre Krystle Jones, to nine months in prison for assaulting 44-year-old John Dodge with intent to injure. The attack occurred on the night of 31 March, and it was provoked by an alleged sexual suggestion from Dodge. During the assault, Dodge received severe facial injuries after Moerua stamped on his face multiple times. Despite the peculiar nature of Moerua’s conduct and his attire, which included women’s clothing at the time, a psychiatric evaluation indicated no mental illness. Judge Frampton noted that avoidance of alcohol and bars could reduce the likelihood of reoffending and described the attack as unprovoked and severe, ultimately deeming a custodial sentence necessary. Moerua's lawyer claimed that his client had a ""hazy"" memory of the events due to the influence of alcohol and barbiturates. In a separate case, Priscilla Anne Bothwell, a 27-year-old solo parent, was apprehended after being convicted of seven counts of shoplifting in Riccarton Mall on 26 April. Bothwell admitted to the charges, explaining to police that her motivations were to acquire nice birthday presents for her daughter. She was remanded at large pending a probation report and sentencing scheduled for 21 May. Police observations noted that she was seen taking clothing from one store, with additional stolen items discovered in her vehicle during a subsequent search. Also reported was Warren Bruce Flutey, a 23-year-old unemployed man facing multiple charges, including eight burglaries and related thefts. Flutey opposed bail as he was remanded in custody until 7 June for deposition-taking. The authorities revealed that approximately $15,670 worth of stolen property was found at his residence. Lastly, 17-year-old Russell Wayne Wakefield was charged with wilfully setting fire to a railway waggon on 25 April. He expressed a desire for a jury trial and was remanded to 8 June for depositions, with bail conditions renewed. Additionally, Wakefield faced an assault charge stemming from an incident on 6 May and was temporarily remanded without entering a plea until 14 May.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840508_2_30_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840508.2.30.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,452779200
5276,11,05,1984,"Cable Briefs (Press, 11 May 1984)","Martin Feldstein, President Ronald Reagan's chief economic adviser, announced his resignation, effective July 10, 1984, as he plans to return to Harvard University as a professor of economics and to lead the National Bureau of Economic Research. Feldstein's departure follows tensions with other members of the Reagan Administration, particularly concerning the significant Federal Budget deficits that he has been vocal about. In international news, a visit to Peking by Ivan Arkhipov, the First Vice-Prime Minister of the Soviet Union and the highest-ranking Soviet official scheduled to visit China since 1969, has been unexpectedly postponed. The Soviet Embassy cited unpreparedness for the visit, which was to involve discussions on trade and technical cooperation. No new date for the visit has been announced. In Northern Ireland, a soldier from the Territorial Army was killed by a booby-trap bomb in Newry, County Down, while two other men were injured. The victims, who worked for British Telecom, were in a van when the explosive was detonated. Historically, the Territorial Army has not been a frequent target for the Irish Republican Army (IRA) or the Irish National Liberation Army (INLA). In Australia, New South Wales Premier Neville Wran has introduced a Private Member’s Bill proposing the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males over the age of 18. Wran noted that the age of consent for heterosexuals is currently 16, but a higher age limit was deemed necessary for political acceptance of the reforms. In Belgium, Princess Astrid, who is 21 and the niece of King Baudouin, is engaged to Archduke Lorenz of Austria, aged 26. Princess Astrid is the daughter of Prince Albert and has a background in art history, having studied at universities in Leyden and Geneva. She has also been working as a volunteer nurse in hospitals in Michigan. Her fiancé is a banking professional in Switzerland. Lastly, Max Palmer, who recorded a height of 2.43 metres (eight feet) and was reportedly the third-tallest man in the world, has passed away at the age of 56 due to heart disease and kidney failure. Palmer, who weighed 215 kg (475 lbs), had a diverse career, including wrestling, acting, bartending, and motivational speaking, particularly to drug addicts and alcoholics, after overcoming his own struggles with addiction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840511_2_63_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840511.2.63.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,453038400
6926,15,05,1984,"‘Benjamin Franklin’ (Press, 15 May 1984)","On 14 May 1984, the play “The Elocution of Benjamin Franklin,” directed by David Charteris and performed by Garry Beveridge, was showcased at the State Trinity Theatre as part of Encore Productions. The play, originally premiering in 1976 at the Nimrod Theatre, received considerable acclaim during its initial run, which led to performances in London and the United States. However, the current production has faced mixed reviews, particularly following a controversial close in Nelson, where its themes of transvestism and the life of an elocution teacher sparked significant discussion. The plot revolves around Robert O’Brien, a transvestite elocution and drama teacher, whose life becomes increasingly complicated due to his secret identity and the pressures of his profession. Despite being committed to his role, Beveridge's performance has been critiqued for lacking vocal range and conviction. The early segments of the play focus on O’Brien’s struggles with his identity and his attempts to coach his less-educated students. Complications arise when a relationship develops with a young pupil, ultimately culminating in a police raid during a transvestite party, leading to O’Brien's commitment to a mental institution. While the production has potential for sensitivity and emotional depth, it is hampered by a lengthy runtime and a lack of warmth in some scenes, particularly the final act set in a mental asylum. The narrative grapples with themes of identity and mental health but can become bogged down by technical issues such as frequent costume changes, which disrupt the flow of the performance. However, there are redeeming qualities in the portrayal of O’Brien’s situation, particularly in the last quarter of the play, where the character's struggles with reality and depression are effectively communicated, showcasing Beveridge's acting potential. Further, moments of humour are present, though they often feel overshadowed by the play's heavier themes and extended pacing. Overall, “The Elocution of Benjamin Franklin” invites audiences to reflect on complex social issues through its character-driven narrative, yet it seems to falter in connecting its themes with the audience’s emotional journey. The mixed reception suggests that while the source material has merit, its execution in this particular production has room for improvement. As the play approaches a significant milestone in its run, there may be concern that its potential may remain unfulfilled if these issues are not addressed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840515_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840515.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,453384000
6696,23,05,1984,"Lesbian Guide Allowed (Press, 23 May 1984)","On 23 May 1984, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand granted permission for a dictionary titled ""The Joy of Lesbian Sex,"" which had been seized by the Customs Department in Nelson the previous June, to be made available to individuals aged 18 and older. The decision, chaired by Judge Willis, came after the tribunal reviewed the 220-page hardcover book last November. The tribunal described the publication as an explicit dictionary and referred to it as a comprehensive guide to lesbianism. In its official decision published in the latest Gazette, the tribunal praised the book for its quality, stating it was ""well written, informative, and well presented."" It noted that the subject matter was handled sensitively under each heading, and when compared to other manuals addressing lesbianism, ""The Joy of Lesbian Sex"" was deemed to be of a superior standard. Importantly, the tribunal acknowledged that lesbianism is not deemed illegal, and therefore, the publication could not be classified as indecent solely on that basis. However, due to the presence of some illustrations within the text, the tribunal determined that access should be restricted to adults aged 18 and over.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840523_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840523.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454075200
5277,24,05,1984,"Death Threat (Press, 24 May 1984)","On 24 May 1984, New South Wales Premier Neville Wran expressed his disappointment regarding the media's coverage of a death threat directed at him. The threat came from a man who claimed to be an expert marksman and warned Wran that he would kill him if the homosexual law reform bill passed in State Parliament without amendments. The threat was reportedly motivated by the man's belief that his 16-year-old son had been raped by two men.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840524_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840524.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454161600
7369,26,05,1984,"N.Z. Violence Prompts Media Peace Prize (Press, 26 May 1984)","In response to rising concerns over conflict and violence in New Zealand society, the Presbyterian Support Services has announced the creation of the Support Media Peace Prize for 1984. This voluntary welfare organisation, which operates as a comprehensive health and welfare agency, aims to promote non-violent methods of conflict resolution across different societal levels. National chairman Mr Ron Cormack highlighted that the prize will recognise contributions in three categories: film-television, newspaper, and radio. Each category will feature its own panel of judges, allowing for submissions from anyone interested in participating. A cash prize of $1,009 will be awarded in each category to the journalist or production team that effectively raises public awareness about the factors contributing to a peaceful societal climate. The judging panels are comprised of notable figures. The film-television judges include television producer Shirley Horrocks, film cameraman Leon Narby, and actor Rawiri Paratene. The radio section will be judged by script editor Chris Hampson, author and radio journalist Fiona Kidman, radio producer Gillian Woodward, and broadcaster and university lecturer Felix Donnelly. Lastly, the newspaper section features judges such as former “Auckland Star” editor Ian Harris, journalist Christine Cole-Catley, journalist Marcia Russell, and playwright Roger Hall. The initiative reflects a significant effort to encourage dialogue and creativity in promoting peace, engaging various media to explore and disseminate understanding of peaceful coexistence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840526_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840526.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454334400
6697,26,05,1984,"The Loneliness Of Old Age (Press, 26 May 1984)","In her 1983 novel ""We Are Now,"" author May Sarton presents the poignant story of Caro Spencer, a 76-year-old intelligent and independent professional woman living in an unsatisfactory old people's home due to her declining physical health. This setting, characterized by a lack of compassion from the facility's management, offers little solace for Caro, who finds herself largely abandoned by her relatives. The novel delves into Caro's struggle to uphold her self-respect and maintain her independence in an environment that severely stifles both. The reviewer, Agnes-Mary Brooke, notes that while Sarton attempts to elicit pity and understanding for Caro's plight, she does not entirely succeed in fostering a deep identification with the protagonist. The book contains valuable insights, such as the idea that asking for forgiveness is an act of faith, placing the soul in an eternal context, and the notion that old age is not truly engaging until one experiences it firsthand. However, the novel's climax presents a troubling assertion: that meaningful change can only be achieved through violent action—an opinion that may alienate many readers. Caro's perspective is further underscored by her reflections on relationships and familial bonds, particularly her belief that ""Families are great until you need them."" Although Caro had a significant romantic relationship, she was resistant to marriage and the compromises that such an institution often entails. Consequently, she mourns the lack of sacrifice and care from more distant relatives, highlighting the loneliness that pervades her existence in the aged care facility. Brooke emphasises that while the novel aims to evoke compassion for those in humiliating and isolating circumstances, it suffers from a certain one-sidedness in its analysis of these issues. Overall, ""We Are Now"" prompts readers to reflect on the challenges faced by the elderly in society, though its narrative shortcomings may diminish its impact on the audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840526_2_111_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840526.2.111.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454334400
6698,28,05,1984,"Some People Are So Broadminded (Press, 28 May 1984)","On 28 May 1984, a dinner gathering hosted by Harold and Pro brought together a diverse group of individuals, each with unique lifestyles and beliefs. Among the guests was Stephanie, a vegetarian and self-declared lesbian who had struggles with hypochondria and drug addiction but was unabashed in discussing her life. Also present was David, who was admired for his deep connection to nature and ability to communicate with plants. Fiona, who was navigating her third to fourth romantic relationship and had abandoned the idea of marriage, completed the eclectic group. Peter, however, stood out as the peculiar one; his outdated fashion sense and infrequent contributions to the conversation further established this. The group engaged in discussions that floated between global issues, politics, and cultural habits, all while enjoying a meal that included pieta bread, humus, zucchini casserole, and wheatgerm cake. As the conversation turned to astrology, an air of competition filled the room, particularly around Stephanie’s astrological sign. She playfully teased everyone about guessing her sign; responses ranged from Leo to Cancer until she revealed she was a Capricorn, prompting light-hearted comments, especially about her being associated with the goat. As the gathering continued with lively banter and attempts to guess David's astrological sign, Peter, trying to interject, boldly announced, ""Speaking as a Christian."" This declaration shocked the group, causing an awkward pause and visible discomfort among the guests. Stephanie quickly dismissed Peter's religious view by referring to it as ""hocus pocus"" and “maledominated voodoo.” David, attempting to steer the mood back to normalcy, expressed disbelief that anyone in contemporary society could adhere to such “superstitious nonsense.” This encounter highlighted the contrasting perspectives of the individuals present, particularly between the openly non-conformist views of most of the group and Peter’s traditional Christian beliefs. As the evening unfolded, the dynamics of their differing worldviews became apparent, shaping the conversation and revealing the underlying tensions between modernity and tradition in their interactions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840528_2_89_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840528.2.89.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454507200
7064,31,05,1984,"Boy George ‘no Wimp’ (Press, 31 May 1984)","On 31 May 1984, pop star Boy George, lead singer of Culture Club, spoke candidly about his identity and image in an interview with ""Rolling Stone"" magazine. He described himself as bisexual but firmly rejected any notions that he is ""a little wimp of a guy,"" insisting that he is ""very masculine."" Boy George stated, ""I'm confident — not arrogant, confident,"" highlighting that he is aware of the impression he leaves on others. He acknowledged that people may perceive him as gay until they meet him, suggesting that they often receive more than they expect. In discussing his romantic life, Boy George revealed that he no longer engages in one-night stands and noted that his last relationship, which was with a woman, had ended more than a year ago. When asked about marriage, he described it as ""illogical,"" though he expressed a desire to have children, indicating an openness to adoption if necessary. Boy George clarified misconceptions about his theatrical persona, stating he does not identify as a drag queen, which he defined as someone who derives sexual pleasure from dressing as a woman. He explained that his choice to dress in a flamboyant manner stems from a desire for self-expression rather than a professional obligation. Emphasising his individuality, he remarked, ""I want to look like this. I think I look great,"" and added that he has always found others to be ""boring"" in comparison to his unique style.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840531_2_80_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840531.2.80.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454766400
5279,31,05,1984,"German Look At Gay Life (Press, 31 May 1984)","On 31 May 1984, the Canterbury Film Society announced the screening of the German film ""Taxi Zum Klo,"" directed, produced, written by, and starring Frank Ripploh. The film offers an intimate portrayal of life from a homosexual's perspective, focusing on the experiences of a 31-year-old gay teacher living in Berlin. The narrative unfolds through a series of incidents, particularly highlighting his friendship and subsequent breakup with another homosexual, Bernd. The film concludes with a caption indicating that Frank and Bernd eventually reunite, but not without Frank losing his job and transitioning into a career as a filmmaker. The screenings are scheduled for Tuesday at University Room Al, Ham, and Wednesday at the Museum Theatrette, Rolleston Avenue, both beginning at 7.30 p.m. Attendees can purchase membership at the door. Additionally, the article also previews Barbra Streisand's film ""Yentl,"" set to begin at the Regent the following week. This romantic musical revolves around a young woman's struggle to pursue intellectual fulfilment in a 20th-century Jewish community, where she disguises herself as a man to access educational opportunities. As she navigates this male-dominated sphere, she forms a friendship with a fellow student, which becomes complicated when she falls in love with him, while he is enamoured with her female alter ego. Streisand is credited with writing the screenplay, directing, producing, and starring in the film. The actress's impressive career boasts 12 feature films, two Broadway plays, 38 records, five television specials, and over 40 awards. To coincide with the film's release, a competition is announced where six soundtrack LPs of ""Yentl"" and 20 double passes to the film will be awarded to participants who correctly identify the movies in which Streisand appeared with a list of actors. These include Kris Kristofferson, Walter Matthau, Yves Montand, Ryan O’Neal, Mandy Patinkin, Robert Redford, George Segal, and Omar Sharif. The article indicates that some actors were featured alongside Streisand in multiple films, and should there be any ambiguity in selecting winners, additional prizes will be provided to those who name the two films with the same actor. Entries are to be submitted with personal details to a specified competition address, with winners to be revealed in the following week's column.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840531_2_78_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840531.2.78.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454766400
5278,31,05,1984,"High Court Upholds Homosexual Ban (Press, 31 May 1984)","On 31 May 1984, the United States Supreme Court declined to overturn a Federal law that bars homosexuals from obtaining U.S. citizenship. Under the current legislation, homosexual individuals are classified as psychopathic personalities, leading to the automatic denial of their citizenship applications. This ruling came after a Federal court in Texas denied citizenship to Richard Longstaff, a 43-year-old businessman from Dallas who had moved to the United States from Britain 18 years earlier. Despite recognising Longstaff's good moral character, the court upheld the ban on citizenship for homosexuals. Longstaff appealed the decision, but the Supreme Court did not provide a rationale for its rejection of the appeal. The ongoing debate regarding the rights of homosexuals has been evolving, notably since the United States Surgeon-General announced in 1979 that aliens would no longer be assessed for homosexuality, asserting that sexual orientation cannot be medically diagnosed. Nonetheless, the Immigration and Naturalisation Service has continued to deny entry to aliens who acknowledge their homosexuality during questioning. The landscape of Federal court rulings regarding this issue is inconsistent. While the Texas court ruled against Longstaff, courts in California and several mid-Atlantic states have permitted homosexual aliens to seek admission and citizenship. Longstaff's appeal pointed to the discordance among various Federal courts, arguing that this inconsistency violates constitutional requirements for uniform naturalisation rules. Although Longstaff faced potential deportation following the Supreme Court's decision, U.S. officials indicated that such action was unlikely. The Supreme Court's ruling underscores its unwillingness to address the conflicting legal standards surrounding the citizenship of homosexual individuals at this time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840531_2_71_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840531.2.71.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,454766400
5280,04,06,1984,"Nats Oust Gay Law Reform (Press, 4 June 1984)","At the Young National conference held on Saturday, 2 June 1984, a proposal from the Wellington division to liberalise homosexual law was debated but ultimately rejected. The remit aimed to reform the Crimes Act to ensure that homosexual acts would not face greater discrimination than heterosexual acts. During the discussion, biblical references were invoked against the proposed changes, with Mr David Purkiss from Heretaunga quoting a passage from Romans to argue against the remit. He highlighted his belief that allowing homosexual acts would lead to moral degradation. Several other speakers supported Purkiss's view, describing homosexuality as a social illness and unnatural behaviour that could lead to the spread of diseases. One speaker warned that past civilisations, such as the Babylonian and Roman empires, had fallen due to the acceptance of promiscuity and homosexual practices. They directly linked the prevalence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) to homosexuality. Conversely, Ms Margaret Voyce from Birkenhead, one of the proponents for the remit, argued that homosexuality should be regarded as a victimless crime, asserting that it simply involved consenting adults engaging in their choices without harming anyone. She challenged the notion of imposing moral dictums on individuals by saying society should not dictate what people can do in private. Furthermore, the chairman of the Wellington division, Ms Heather Shotter, supported the idea of freedom of choice for individuals, questioning whether law enforcement should focus on policing consensual acts rather than spending resources on more serious crimes such as murder and armed robbery. She concluded that morality cannot be legislated, signalling a call for progressive change and personal liberty in matters of sexual orientation. Ultimately, the remit proposing the reform did not pass, reflecting the prevailing attitudes at the conference.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840604_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840604.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,455112000
7331,05,06,1984,"Education (Press, 5 June 1984)","On 5 June 1984, a letter to the editor was published expressing concern from the staff of Addington School regarding comments made by Mr David Waghorne, the president of the Education Boards’ Association. Waghorne had praised the Minister of Education for his ""back-to-basics"" approach to education, asserting that it aligned with public demand and suggesting that teachers were out of step with the general public's views. The staff of Addington School voiced their sadness over this perspective, stating that they continually evaluate the best practices for their students. They emphasised the importance of equipping young people with both skills and attitudes essential to navigate a changing and challenging world. While they acknowledged the value of a strong foundation in basic subjects, they insisted that preparing students for real-world challenges and developing coping skills are equally crucial. The letter, signed by G. M. Darracott and ten other staff members, highlighted their commitment to high standards within a supportive educational environment. Their response underscores a broader debate within the education sector at the time concerning the balance between traditional academic subjects and the need for a curriculum that also focuses on social and emotional skills relevant to life in 1984 and beyond.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840605_2_78_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840605.2.78.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,455198400
5281,05,06,1984,"Young Nats Move To Right At Conference (Press, 5 June 1984)","During a conference held over the weekend of 5 June 1984, the Young Nationals, a youth wing of the National Party in New Zealand, significantly shifted their political stance to the right. Delegates at the conference rejected a proposal aimed at reforming laws pertaining to homosexuality and instead passed remits that urged the government not to ratify a United Nations convention aimed at eliminating discrimination against women. They also discussed the possibility of withdrawing from the Gleneagles agreement, which sought to curb sporting ties with apartheid-era South Africa. The Minister of Health, Mr Malcolm, remarked that these decisions indicated a major change in direction for the Young Nationals. The president of the Young Nationals, Mr Alastair Bell, acknowledged the shift, noting that a more conservative faction within the group had succeeded in passing several remits. He expressed his belief that this trend was reflective of broader political sentiments across the country, indicating that New Zealand was leaning towards a more conservative outlook. While Bell recognised that not all the remits aligned with his views, particularly regarding the stance on homosexual law reform, he conceded that the outcome had established the Young Nationals' official policy as opposed to reform in that area. He suggested that if party officials had concerns about this newfound policy, it was their responsibility to address them. Bell's comments underscored a growing divergence within the Young Nationals, as they move to encapsulate and mirror what he perceives as an overarching conservative movement within New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840605_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840605.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,455198400
5282,06,06,1984,"Writing Off Gran (Press, 6 June 1984)","Sawako Ariyoshi, Japan's leading woman novelist, discussed the challenges Japanese women's literature faces in being translated into English. She attributes this largely to the historical focus of many Japanologists on male writers, particularly Yukio Mishima, whose works were prioritised for translation. In contrast, the only notable translations of Japanese women's literature pertained to the court ladies of the eleventh century. Ariyoshi, in her early fifties, comes from a well-off family and overcame health issues during her childhood, thanks in part to the societal changes following World War II. She utilised her recovery period to delve into literature and theatre, ultimately becoming a prolific writer with around 70 novels, numerous plays, and film scripts to her name. Over the past two decades, her novels have gained attention for exploring significant social themes. Moreover, she has established herself as a social commentator and intellectual on Japanese television. One of her early works, written after spending time in America, tackled the topic of a Japanese girl marrying an African American—an issue that shocked many in Japan at the time. In addition, her non-fiction work released in 1975 regarding pollution became a significant bestseller. However, her novel ""The Twilight Years,"" published in English in 1984, is perhaps her most influential, tackling the sensitive issues of ageing and senility within Japanese families. The book brought to light the cultural stigma surrounding families with elderly members who suffer from cognitive decline, particularly the fear that such burdens could affect the marriage prospects of younger family members. The discussions sparked by the novel shifted public perceptions around this social stigma. Despite her success in Japan, Ariyoshi faced challenges when trying to penetrate the European market. After the success of her translation ""The Doctor's Wife"" in France in 1981, she was overwhelmed with media attention, but frustratingly, most interviews focused on cultural questions rather than her literary work. She expressed a weariness with having to repeat cultural explanations and often quipped back with the phrase, ""Misunderstanding is the beginning of understanding."" Ariyoshi acknowledges that her stories might reinforce existing stereotypes, while simultaneously pointing out the complexities of Japanese women's roles in society. She hints at an enduring view that the circumstances faced by Japanese women have historically been misinterpreted by Western perspectives, noting that Japan's women’s movement has a longer history than its Western counterpart. Her comments suggest a deep understanding of cultural nuance and a playful acceptance of the misconceptions surrounding Japanese women's lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840606_2_82_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840606.2.82.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,455284800
5283,13,06,1984,"Law And Order Policy (Press, 13 June 1984)","At a meeting of the Christchurch Lions Club on 13 June 1984, Mr Malcolm McDonald, president of the New Zealand Party, outlined the party's proposed law and order policy, which aims to repeal laws against victimless crimes, including homosexuality, prostitution, and attempted suicide. McDonald indicated that the full policy would be revealed in Auckland later in June. He highlighted the party's commitment to addressing crime rates in New Zealand by increasing police numbers and resources, stating that current limitations hinder effective policing. McDonald proposed relieving police of certain responsibilities that could be managed by other government departments, similar to roles fulfilled by the Customs and Inland Revenue departments. He argued that current laws targeting victimless crimes are ineffective and do not act as deterrents, suggesting that if these individuals succeed in their actions, they evade the law, while failed attempts lead to unnecessary police investigations. While advocating for the repeal of victimless crime laws, McDonald also insisted on imposing stricter penalties for serious and violent crimes, such as rape and drug-related offences. He expressed a need for reforming the prison system, generalising that many offenders emerge from incarceration as more capable criminals rather than rehabilitated individuals. He proposed that productive work for prisoners, with fair wages, should contribute to restitution for their crimes and assist their reintegration into society post-release. McDonald asserted that education is crucial in reducing crime rates, noting that well-educated individuals typically do not engage in criminal activities. He characterized New Zealand's current governance as an ""elected dictatorship,"" indicating a need for change, particularly as the party claims approximately 20,000 members concerned about the government's approach over recent years. In response to questions from the audience, McDonald also touched upon the party's defence policy, which would involve immediate steps to ban nuclear weapons in New Zealand and re-evaluate the structure of the Armed Forces, including the potential for a referendum on the country's involvement in the ANZUS military alliance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840613_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840613.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,455889600
6927,14,06,1984,"Theatre In The ‘big Apple Is Hardly Rosy Red (Press, 14 June 1984)","Elric Hooper, the artistic director of the Court Theatre, has returned to Christchurch after a six-month sabbatical in Europe and the United States, during which he explored various theatre scenes and contributed articles to ""The Press."" In his final article, he reflects on the dynamic yet troubled state of New York theatre. Despite its negative portrayal due to crime and economic issues, Hooper emphasises that New York remains a vibrant and culturally rich city, filled with inventive spirit and eccentricity. He notes that the city fathers have been actively trying to rejuvenate New York, especially the central areas impacted by crime and decay, through significant urban renewal projects. However, these efforts may be insufficient to revive the theatre scene, which has seen a decline. Currently, musicals dominate Broadway, as they are the only productions financially viable due to soaring ticket prices, which average around $45. To attract audiences, straight plays typically require a well-known star; successful productions at the moment include ""Death of a Salesman"" featuring Dustin Hoffman and ""The Real Thing"" with Jeremy Irons. Hooper also comments on the strategy of staging serious plays in a musical style, citing Arthur Kopit's ""The End of the World"" as an ambitious attempt that ultimately failed to capture the critics' approval. He highlights the influential role of theatre critics in New York, where a negative review can significantly impact a show's success. Consequently, theatre-goers often resort to waiting in line for discounted tickets to experience plays, leading to a rise in full-price tickets for hit shows. He praises the musicals on offer, with particular mention of ""La Cage aux Folles"" and ""Cats,"" which feature high standards of production that are unmatched globally. Although New York’s musical theatre remains strong, the straight plays are relegated to smaller venues. These smaller theatres provide a platform for serious drama, showcasing world-class performances that are often overlooked in larger productions. In contrast, Hooper finds San Francisco's theatre scene more reminiscent of European cities, praising its central repertory company that stages a diverse array of classic and contemporary plays. He contrasts this with New York, where the theatre increasingly draws from provincial productions in America, similar to trends in London. Throughout his travels, Hooper has witnessed more than 80 performances and finds more excitement in American writing compared to British theatre. He appreciates the energy and innovation in works by American playwrights like David Mamet and Marsha Norman. Ultimately, he likens the theatre to a resilient entity, always teetering on the brink of extinction yet capable of vibrant revivals, proving it to be a persistent and evolving art form.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840614_2_138_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840614.2.138.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,455976000
5284,16,06,1984,"Seduced Into Fulfilment (Press, 16 June 1984)","""Getting It Right"" is a novel by Elizabeth Jane Howard, published in 1983, and is reviewed by Diane Prout. The story follows Gavin Lamb, a 31-year-old virgin hairdresser in London, who is caught in a struggle to understand his sexual orientation. His journey begins when he accepts an invitation to a swinging penthouse party, driven by a desire to explore whether he is heterosexual or homosexual. Accompanied by his friend Harry, who is openly gay, and his volatile lover Winthrop, Gavin's life takes a significant turn as he enters a realm filled with sophistication and sexual escapades that he struggles to manage. Gavin's life is rooted in the familiarity of Mr Adrian’s salon, where he is comfortable dealing with haircuts and beauty treatments. However, this comfort is soon disrupted by a series of bizarre social encounters. He finds himself being seduced by a tall, flamboyant hostess and pursued by a slender, aristocratic young woman. Throughout these experiences, he must also mediate between his two homosexual friends, showcasing his awkwardness in handling relationships, particularly with women. The narrative delves into Gavin's emotional turmoil as he grapples with societal expectations, particularly fearing the judgment of his lower-middle-class mother, who has an affinity for the Royal Family and matching home décor. Gavin navigates a string of humorous and often distressing situations, compelling him to confront his insecurities and emotional barriers. The author presents Gavin as an endearing anti-hero, despite his social clumsiness and inner fears. Ultimately, his character experiences personal growth, learning to overcome his fears and develop genuine care for others. The story has its share of farcical moments, but also includes poignant scenes, such as Gavin introducing a junior salon employee to the world of literature. The novel is described as comic and engaging, marking it as an entertaining read from a talented writer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840616_2_112_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840616.2.112.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,456148800
6699,16,06,1984,"While The Analyst’s Away (Press, 16 June 1984)","In a review published on 16 June 1984, Ralf Unger discusses Judith Rossner's novel ""August,"" released by Cape in 1983. Priced at $24.95 and comprising 376 pages, the work follows a similar thematic vein as Rossner's previous success, ""Looking for Mr Goodbar,"" which was adapted into a film. In ""August,"" Rossner delves into the intricate emotional landscapes of a young female patient named Dawn and her middle-aged psychoanalyst, Lulu. The narrative is structured around the annual cycles of each September and August. Each September marks a rebirth for Dawn as she begins her journey of emotional growth, likened to a small fish navigating turbulent waters toward the safety of the shore. However, come August, she feels metaphorically thrown back into the ocean, representing the abandonment she experiences when her psychoanalyst takes a vacation—an annual occurrence in New York that triggers memories of childhood abandonment. Dawn's identity struggles are notably linked to her unconventional upbringing by a lesbian couple, referred to as Father and Mother. Her complex feelings about her natural father, who is revealed to be homosexual, further complicate her psychoanalytical journey. The narrative touches on familiar Freudian motifs, yet it is set against the backdrop of 1980s New York, reflecting contemporary societal issues. Lulu, the psychoanalyst, grapples with her own emotional turmoil and complex love life, and the juxtaposition of the two women's lives creates a riveting dynamic throughout the years of their therapy sessions. The emotional depth of their relationship serves as the novel's focal point, illustrating the therapist-patient bond and the vulnerabilities both characters share. Unger remarks on the intensity and emotional depth characteristic of East Coast American narratives, implying that only in New York would a patient willingly pay $80 for a missed session, highlighting the cultural norms surrounding therapy and the value placed on these emotionally charged interactions. The review ultimately conveys that ""August"" offers a poignant exploration of personal identity, emotional struggles, and the intricate dynamics of human relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840616_2_112_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840616.2.112.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,456148800
7030,19,06,1984,"Cable Briefs (Press, 19 June 1984)","Surgeons in New South Wales have rejected a peace proposal from the state government that suggested a month-long cooling-off period and discussions with an independent arbitrator. The chairman of the Australian Association of Surgeons, Dr Michael Aroney, expressed the surgeons' frustration with ongoing arbitration and negotiations. This development follows a recommendation from the New South Wales branch of the Australian Medical Association for strike action, reacting to government legislation that would impose a seven-year ban on doctors who resign from the state's public hospital system. In a separate matter, a judicial inquiry is set to investigate the convictions of three followers of the Ananda Marga sect—Timothy Anderson, Paul Alister, and Ross Dunn—who are serving 16-year sentences for attempted murder and conspiracy to murder. Their convictions stem from an incident in August 1979, where they targeted the National Front leader, Robert Cameron, in Yagoona, a suburb in south-western Sydney. The inquiry will be presided over by a Supreme Court judge and initiated under a provision of the Crimes Act that allows for an investigation when there are doubts regarding a conviction. In a noteworthy personal story, a 70-year-old former Spitfire pilot plans to undergo a sex change operation. He has been married twice previously and hopes to marry again, this time as a woman. The Association of Transsexuals has called this case ""most unusual"" due to the pilot's age, as such operations are rarely performed on individuals over 55. The transformation is expected to be featured in a television documentary scheduled for later in the year. Additionally, the Israeli extreme right-wing Kach party has been prohibited from participating in the General Election set for July 23, on the basis that it is deemed racist and undemocratic. The ban was decided by the central elections committee upon the request of three opposition parties: Labour, Shinui, and Citizens’ Rights. Kach's leader, Rabbi Meir Kahane, has announced plans to appeal the decision to the Supreme Court. Lastly, in southern Bangladesh, approximately 50,000 people have become homeless due to severe flooding caused by overflowing rivers. Reports from the official B.S.S. news agency indicate that the Kamaphuli and Sangu rivers have inundated numerous villages in the Chittagong district over recent months. The previous month alone, floodwaters resulted in the deaths of at least 79 people and the destruction of about 100,000 tonnes of rice across eight eastern and south-eastern districts. Fresh flash floods have exacerbated the situation, affecting three additional districts earlier in June.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840619_2_65_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840619.2.65.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,456408000
7817,23,06,1984,"Marilyn A Sad Girl, Says P.m. (Press, 23 June 1984)","On 23 June 1984, Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon expressed sympathy for Marilyn Waring, the independently-minded member of Parliament for Waipa, who had decided to exit politics. He described her as a ""sad girl"" who had faced significant pressures in her political role. Muldoon acknowledged that Waring had played a pivotal role in prompting him to call for an election by withdrawing her support from the Government, but he held no anger towards her decision. He reflected on her struggles, stating that the demands of Parliamentary life, coupled with personal issues, had taken a toll on her happiness over the past few years. He believed that her decision to leave politics was a wise one, given the challenges she encountered. Furthermore, Muldoon noted that Waring had championed various causes, including the important issue of outlawing rape in marriage. He indicated that the Government was planning to introduce a progressive amendment to address this issue, suggesting that there was alignment on this matter between her and the caucus. Overall, Muldoon's comments highlighted a sense of understanding and compassion for Waring's situation and the difficulties she had faced in her political career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840623_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840623.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,456753600
7729,25,06,1984,"Totalitarianism Concern (Press, 25 June 1984)","During the week of 25 June 1984, Christians across New Zealand are set to reflect on themes from George Orwell's novel ""Nineteen Eighty-four."" The annual Christian Action programme, designed to engage New Zealanders with pressing societal issues, was officially launched in Christchurch by the Catholic Bishop of Christchurch, the Most Rev. B. P. Ashby, and in Auckland by the Rt Rev. Godfrey Wilson, an Assistant Bishop of Auckland. The co-ordinator for Christian Action Week, the Rev. Michael Elliot, emphasised the book's relevance to contemporary New Zealand, particularly in light of the upcoming snap election. He encouraged Christians to make voting decisions grounded in Christian principles instead of political promises. Bishop Ashby highlighted three significant concepts from ""Nineteen Eighty-four"": ""freedom is slavery,"" ""war is peace,"" and ""ignorance is strength."" He expressed that Christians must confront apathy to avoid affirming the themes of Orwell's dystopian narrative. Christian Action Week presents a valuable opportunity for individuals to engage with these themes and progress towards peace. This initiative, established in 1979, has previously addressed critical issues like unemployment, the ""think big"" economic strategy, racism, and housing matters. For 1984, activities in Christchurch are primarily focused within congregations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840625_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840625.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,456926400
7738,27,06,1984,"Access Radio Restricted (Press, 27 June 1984)","On 27 June 1984, it was reported that Radio New Zealand has prohibited Wellington's Access Radio from airing any political content until after the election. This ban was enforced as the station found it challenging to maintain a balanced and screened programming approach during the election period. Access Radio, known for its participatory format that allows various groups to produce their own content, typically does not regulate the material broadcasted. The new restrictions came into effect on the previous Friday and led to the cancellation of the regular programme ""Talking Union,"" which contained political commentary from last weekend. Furthermore, any broadcasts featuring election candidates, whether they were participating as candidates or in a private capacity, would also be either scrapped or postponed. Cindy Beavis, the co-ordinator of Access Radio, expressed concerns that the recent announcement of a snap election left insufficient time to appropriately handle the station's unique character and to address the presentation of political matters during the electoral process. In contrast, other Radio New Zealand stations have the capacity to ensure balanced coverage as their staff can prepare the programmes with more oversight.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840627_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840627.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,457099200
6526,29,06,1984,"Many Prostitutes Keen To Leave Profession (Press, 29 June 1984)","On 29 June 1984, a NSW Parliamentary Committee on prostitution in Sydney's inner city was informed that up to half of the prostitutes working in the ""red light"" areas of Kings Cross and Darlinghurst would welcome an opportunity to leave the industry. This information was presented during hearings that discussed a report commissioned by the Department of Youth and Community Services the previous year. Jane Bradfield and Margaret Bail, who contributed to the report, advised that the Government could consider creating an assistance package aimed at helping prostitutes transition out of their current situation. They indicated that many young women in the industry were open to such a support system, explicitly stating that it should only be available to those who wished to move away from prostitution. Bradfield noted that there were approximately 400 prostitutes—comprising male, female, and transsexual individuals—active in the area, although this number varied. The submission highlighted an increasing trend of young women entering prostitution, with Bradfield suggesting that some were as young as under 16 years old. The findings revealed that around a third of the street-based sex workers had children to support, and a staggering three-quarters of them had faced severe trauma in their early lives, including experiences of rape, incest, and violence, often stemming from broken family backgrounds. The primary motivation for many individuals entering prostitution was economic necessity. Furthermore, it was reported that nearly all young street prostitutes had histories of homelessness. The Department of Youth and Community Services estimated that around 15,000 young individuals experienced homelessness annually in New South Wales. Despite the Government funding 600 accommodation places, many young homeless applicants faced rejection due to insufficient resources. Additionally, the phenomenon of pimps increasingly asserting control over street prostitutes was noted; these individuals often took as much as half of a prostitute's earnings. The overall findings echoed the complex and challenging realities faced by those involved in prostitution, underscoring a pressing need for support and intervention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840629_2_98_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840629.2.98.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,457272000
5285,03,07,1984,"Social Credit Law Reform (Press, 3 July 1984)","On 3 July 1984, Social Credit leader Mr Beetham outlined the party's law reform policy in Wellington, which encompasses several progressive changes across various legal and social domains. A key aspect of the policy is the promotion of equal pay and job promotion opportunities for both men and women. Mr Beetham proposed that all legislation related to equal opportunity should be consolidated into a singular code for clarity and effectiveness. In a significant move towards sexual equality, the party intends to repeal laws that prohibit homosexual activity between consenting adults in private, demonstrating a commitment to advancing LGBTQ+ rights. Additionally, the policy includes the introduction of a Bill of Rights aimed at limiting the power of central government while safeguarding individual rights. The reform package also addresses issues related to national security and judicial oversight. Specifically, it calls for amendments to the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service Amendment Act of 1977. Proposed changes would involve transferring the authority to issue interception warrants to the Chief Justice and imposing a time limit of no more than 90 days on such warrants. In terms of electoral reform, Social Credit plans to abolish the Boundaries Commission and replace it with an independent Elections and Polls Commission. This independent body would oversee the redrawing of electoral boundaries, ensuring that the process remains free from political interference and manipulation. The party’s policy further prioritises the rehabilitation of prisoners, advocating for the allocation of necessary resources to the prison service. To support this initiative, Social Credit intends to appoint additional welfare officers within courts and prisons, expand home leave provisions, and enhance pre-release hostel facilities. Further changes proposed in the legal system include a review of the legal aid service and the expansion of the neighbourhood law office network to improve access to legal resources for the general public. Additionally, a regulatory code governing the practice and procedures of administrative law tribunals is proposed, along with a right of appeal from all tribunals to the High Court, ensuring fairness and accountability within the judicial process. Overall, Social Credit's law reform policy reflects a comprehensive approach aimed at enhancing social equality, individual rights, judicial independence, and the rehabilitation of offenders in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840703_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840703.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,457617600
5286,04,07,1984,"Restraint Or Intervention, Warns Mr Lange (Press, 4 July 1984)","On 4 July 1984, Labour Party leader Mr Lange stated that a Labour government would collaborate with the private sector to curb reckless price increases. He emphasised that if businesses did not show restraint, his government would need to step in, but he preferred to foster cooperation rather than enforce legal barriers. Lange expressed confidence that New Zealand commerce would act responsibly for the country’s benefit if only it had been prompted to do so. In other political discussions, Independent candidate Mr Minite Watene suggested that Māori individuals in conflict with the law should be given a traditional Māori greeting challenge before police intervened. He argued that this could prevent volatile situations and promote respect and compassion. Watene proposed that Māori warden committees and the Māori Women’s Welfare League could take part in this initiative. Labour’s deputy leader, Mr Palmer, announced plans to review the Official Information Act, advocating for the removal of the Ministerial veto on information requests and the elimination of secrecy clauses in other laws. He articulated this stance at an electoral meeting in Ohariu, a seat held by the National Party. Social Credit leader Mr Beetham publicly dissociated himself from his party's stance on homosexual law reform, expressing his personal opposition to legalising homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. He highlighted the complex interplay of morality and legislation, stating that while he respected differing views within the party, he felt that an official party stance on a moral issue was misguided. In electoral logistics, Deputy Chief Electoral Officer Mr Brian Clarke indicated that election-night results on 14 July might be slower due to the implementation of a new system designed to improve accuracy. This system would involve a check sheet at polling places for better co-ordination before results are sent to returning officers and then to the election-night headquarters. On the tourism front, Labour's tourism spokesperson Mr Mike Moore asserted that tourism would be a priority under a Labour government, positioned alongside agriculture and manufacturing as key areas for investment and job creation. He emphasised the need for a serious commercial approach rather than reliance on superficial publicity efforts. In education, Labour’s spokesperson Mr Russell Marshall announced plans for a taha Māori course aimed at providing parliamentary members with insights into the Māori dimension within the education curriculum. He underlined the urgency of addressing Māori issues in education, responding to a significant level of frustration within the Māori community regarding the education system's insensitivity towards the country’s first culture. Lastly, in a form of protest against escalating costs, university students planned to send packets of crumbs to members of Parliament as a symbolic act to highlight their discontent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840704_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840704.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,457704000
5287,05,07,1984,"New Clue To A.I.D.S. Cause (Press, 5 July 1984)","On 5 July 1984, researchers from the Federal Centres for Disease Control in the United States reported significant findings regarding the virus suspected of causing A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). They isolated the virus from a patient diagnosed with A.I.D.S. and a woman who contracted the disease after receiving a blood transfusion from him. This discovery, reported in the journal “Science,” implies that this virus may be the causative agent of A.I.D.S. The focus of the research centred on two possible retroviruses identified as leading candidates for the cause of this deadly disease, which severely weakens the immune system. Scientists believe that the Human T-cell Leukaemia-Lymphoma Virus 3 (HTLV-3), isolated at the National Cancer Institute, is likely identical to the Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus (LAV) discovered by French researchers at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. The specific case involved a 38-year-old woman who had surgery for uterine bleeding and received transfusions from two donors. Two weeks post-surgery, she displayed symptoms resembling mononucleosis, which subsequently subsided. However, two months later, one of her blood donors, a 24-year-old homosexual man, was admitted to the hospital showing early signs of A.I.D.S. and pneumonia. The second blood donor was a healthy individual with no identified risk factors for A.I.D.S. Seven months after her surgery, tests revealed that the woman had a decreased count of helper T-cells, an essential component of the immune system. Thirteen months later, she was hospitalised with a rare form of pneumonia typically associated with A.I.D.S. The virus samples were taken a year into the donor’s A.I.D.S. symptoms and one month after the onset of symptoms in the woman. Since 1981, more than 4,900 A.I.D.S. cases have been reported in the U.S., with a troubling 45 per cent of those affected having died. While around 100 cases have been linked to blood transfusions, health officials indicated that the likelihood of such transmission remains rare. The predominant demographic affected by A.I.D.S. has been promiscuous male homosexuals, along with other high-risk groups such as intravenous drug users, Haitian immigrants, and haemophiliacs treated with blood products. Experts suspect that A.I.D.S. is transmitted through contact with bodily fluids, including blood and semen. Dr. Paul Feorino, a researcher at the CDC, indicated that the isolated virus from the American blood donors and another unrelated A.I.D.S. patient was virtually identical to LAV samples obtained from France. Concurrently, French researchers announced advancements in cultivating LAV in large quantities for further research and testing. American scientists had also developed a new cell system aimed at growing their version of the virus. This research is critical in understanding and tackling the A.I.D.S. epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840705_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840705.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,457790400
6928,07,07,1984,"Treatment Ordered For ‘drag Queen’ (Press, 7 July 1984)","Eric James Hagarty, a 20-year-old man described as a transvestite drag queen who struggles with chronic alcohol and drug abuse, had his initial 12-month jail sentence reduced to eight months following an appeal heard by Mr Justice Roper in the High Court on 7 July 1984. Hagarty had been sentenced by Judge Fraser in the District Court for charges of burglary and assault. The incident occurred on 22 April 1984 when Hagarty broke into a home on Chester Street after seeing the occupant leave. He stole goods and took $800 in cash. However, upon the occupant's unexpected return, Hagarty was caught and attempted to escape, attacking the victim, a karate expert, by scratching his face before he was restrained following a struggle. During the appeal, Hagarty's defence counsel, Mr E. H. B. Thompson, argued that while a prison sentence was unavoidable, the length of the term was excessive. He contended that the charges were linked, as Hagarty acted in panic after being caught and committed the burglary in a bid to fund his drug habit. At the time of the offence, Hagarty was under the influence of narcotics. The probation report presented described Hagarty as having a “total mess” of a life, highlighting the challenges he faced including his identity and struggles with addiction. It noted that he exhibited feminine traits and seemed to be a woman trapped in a man’s body, along with enduring significant mental health issues. He demonstrated signs of being a recidivist and suffered from depression, raising concerns about his potential for suicide. The report indicated Hagarty's inability to maintain jobs or relationships, and his life was marred by a lack of positive achievements. Hagarty's family dynamics further complicated his situation, as he experienced rejection from his family and emotional pain following his parents' relocation to Australia while he was incarcerated for a prostitution charge. In light of these circumstances, Thompson urged the court to reconsider Hagarty's sentence, emphasizing the need for treatment and the opportunity for rehabilitation rather than extended incarceration. In contrast, Miss K. McDonald, representing the Crown, argued that the original sentence was justified given Hagarty's extensive criminal record and the violent nature of the attack. Justice Roper acknowledged the severity of Hagarty’s probation report, stating it was one of the most disheartening he had encountered. However, he recognised that imprisonment was unlikely to benefit Hagarty and that he would need support upon release. Consequently, the High Court reduced his sentence to eight months and mandated one year of probation, during which Hagarty was required to attend medical and psychiatric treatment as recommended by the probation officer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840707_2_35_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840707.2.35.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,457963200
5288,11,07,1984,"Two Top Singers Just One More Fad—claim (Press, 11 July 1984)","In a recent television interview on C.BS., American evangelist Jerry Falwell voiced his opinion that pop icons Michael Jackson and Boy George are not suitable role models for American youth and predicted they will fade away like previous fads in the entertainment industry. He compared the current musical trends to past entertainers like Tiny Tim, indicating that Jackson and Boy George may also eventually be forgotten. Falwell acknowledged a growing trend of outrageousness in popular culture but maintained that he does not believe there is a strong connection between these artists and the movement towards a genderless society. While admitting he had not heard Jackson or Boy George's music, he described them as ""fine young people,"" but expressed concern over the kind of role models they may represent to children. In response, Boy George, the lead singer of the band Culture Club, rejected the notion that he is promoting homosexuality. He argued that sexual orientation is a personal discovery for everyone and that promoting a sense of liberal acceptance is his true aim. Boy George stated his goal is to create a safe environment for individuals who may wish to express themselves freely, irrespective of societal norms around gender expression. He expressed a belief that living with sexual ambiguity could pave the way for a new societal acceptance. Boy George also highlighted that Culture Club was not permitted to perform in the Soviet Union, suggesting that his presence there would signify a level of freedom that starkly contrasts with the restrictions faced by individuals in that regime. Cultural critic Benjamin Demott from Amherst College supported this view, stating that androgynous performers like Boy George fulfil a cultural need by offering a contrast to traditional rock stars, often depicted as threatening. Demott posited that Boy George’s persona is welcoming and non-threatening, which appeals to audiences. This ongoing dialogue reflects differing perspectives on gender identity and the evolving landscape of popular music in the 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840711_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840711.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458308800
6700,12,07,1984,"Features Censorship — Where To Draw The Line And... (Press, 12 July 1984)","The discussion on censorship, articulated by Ken Strongman, a professor of psychology appointed to the Films Censorship Board of Review, highlights the complexities surrounding the practice and the challenges of determining where to draw the line. Strongman argues that censorship is an intrinsic part of everyday life; everyone, regardless of their views on freedom, applies some form of censorship based on their perceptions of what is harmful or inappropriate for others, particularly children. This instinct to censor arises from a desire to protect others and, indirectly, oneself from influences deemed detrimental. Strongman notes that most censorship decisions, whether made by individuals or institutions like film censors or newspaper editors, are often based on personal opinion rather than empirical evidence. For example, parents might prohibit certain films or books for their children based purely on their subjective belief that the material is inappropriate. This raises the question of whether opinion alone should suffice in making censorship judgments, especially when compelling evidence exists that indicates particular types of content, such as violent imagery, can have real negative effects on viewers. Despite some evidence supporting the potential harm of violent content in media, Strongman highlights a lack of clear evidence regarding the harmfulness of sexual content. He wonders why there is a societal tendency to censor sexual expression when many people seem to believe it poses no real harm. This leads to a reflection on the nature of societal embarrassment and the paradox of individual comfort versus collective unease regarding such portrayals. The article further critiques the prevalence of crass and materialistic content that is frequently accepted in media but goes largely unchallenged by censors. Strongman indicates that such content could be argued to have a more insidious influence on social values compared to violence or sexuality, as it subtly shapes attitudes and beliefs about materialism and consumerism. Ultimately, the central dilemma remains: who gets to decide what constitutes “the public good” when opinions diverge so widely? Strongman suggests that formal censors should represent a breadth of perspectives to facilitate balanced decision-making through debate. He acknowledges that despite efforts, consensus is unlikely, and not all public members will be satisfied with censorship outcomes. The ambiguity over defining ""public good"" and determining the composition of the ""public"" complicates these judgments. Despite the challenges, Strongman advocates for establishing clear criteria for censorship in order to navigate these murky waters rather than relying on subjective interpretations of potential harm.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840712_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840712.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458395200
7383,13,07,1984,"A.I.D.S. Aiding A Problem (Press, 13 July 1984)","In New York, George Cargulia, recently released on parole and living with relatives in Brooklyn, experienced a health crisis that led to his diagnosis of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) after initially being treated for pneumonia. His situation highlighted a significant issue affecting AIDS patients: the lack of adequate housing solutions. As a result of societal fears surrounding the disease, many patients are forced into shelters or single-room occupancy hotels, where they must often conceal their AIDS status to avoid being turned away. The growing number of AIDS patients needing housing has prompted concern from social workers and organisations, underscoring the challenges faced by low-income individuals. Some, like Cargulia, are unable to return to their families due to fears of contagion. Others are evicted from their homes after being unable to pay rent while hospitalised, or they emerge from prison with no place to go once their medical treatment ends. Experts, including Don Morlan from the American Baptist Churches, have pointed out the severe shortage of housing options for AIDS patients, largely due to prevalent prejudices and misconceptions surrounding the disease. Additionally, facilities such as nursing homes and hotels are generally reluctant to accept these patients. Monnie Callan, a social worker, noted that finding placements is exceptionally challenging, while Paul Kaiser from Beth Israel Medical Centre remarked on the risky situations amid the high prevalence of communicable diseases in shelters. Roger McFarlane of Gay Men’s Health Crisis indicated that discharging AIDS patients to public shelters is dangerously irresponsible, emphasising that these patients are more likely to pick up other infectious diseases in such environments, rather than spreading AIDS themselves. Recent data showed a disturbing rise in reported AIDS cases in early 1984, contradicting earlier beliefs that cases had levelled off. As of the first quarter of 1984, there had been a total of 4,690 reported cases in the United States, with New York City bearing the brunt of the epidemic. In light of these findings, Robert Jorgen from the city’s Human Resources Administration acknowledged the necessity for non-profit housing tailored for AIDS patients and suggested that a proposed 200-room facility could be quickly filled. Diego Lopez from Gay Men’s Health Crisis has been actively exploring housing needs and potential solutions, recognising the requirement for facilities equipped with support services for terminally ill patients. The care demands for AIDS patients are extensive, as demonstrated by P.W. Kardiasmenos, who resides in a dilapidated tenement. He relies on the assistance of friends and professionals due to his compromised health, while volunteers manage his bills and public aid processes. The overarching narrative reveals a critical void in support structures for those grappling with the realities of AIDS, illustrating the urgent need for compassionate and practical housing solutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840713_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840713.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458481600
5289,13,07,1984,"Balance Of Power Shifting In Auckland (Press, 13 July 1984)","The electoral landscape for four Auckland metropolitan electorates—West Auckland, Glenfield, East Coast Bays, and Eden—is being closely monitored as a potential indicator of broader voting trends ahead of the polling day. A significant decline in support for the National Party could jeopardise the chances of three additional electorates: Birkenhead, Pakuranga, and Papakura. Conversely, Labour may face challenges in Onehunga, Papatoetoe, and Waitakere if their support wanes. West Auckland, which has historically been held by the National Party and is now influenced by recent boundary changes, may see Labour leading by approximately 400 votes, thanks in part to 4,600 Social Credit voters in 1981. However, many who previously supported Social Credit appear to be shifting towards Labour or the New Zealand Party. Factors contributing to National's difficulties here include resource reallocation to other electorates, Labour's positive representation by candidate J. Elder, and the unfortunate start to Mr D. M. J. Jones' campaign after the unexpected election announcement. Glenfield, a newly formed electorate combining parts of National-held Albany, Helensville, and East Coast Bays, presents an uncertain political picture. The voter base reflects a National (6,779 votes), Labour (5,310 votes), and Social Credit (5,065 votes) distribution from 1981, although it is likely that the Social Credit vote has declined due to the absence of a local sitting MP and the departure of significant Social Credit areas. The contest is now primarily between Labour's Mrs J. M. Keall and National's Mr D. L. Schnauer, with emerging competition from the New Zealand Party's Mr G. A. West. Given the lack of local issues and the close positioning of both major parties, Glenfield could yield essential insights into electoral movement. In the Eden electorate, National’s A. G. Malcolm narrowly retained his seat by just 113 votes in 1981. Due to boundary modifications, he holds a slight majority of 303 votes currently, but demographic shifts in the area tend to favour Labour's more socially progressive image. Mr R. J. Northey from Labour possesses a stronger organisational backing and higher profile than previous Labour candidates, setting the stage for a competitive race, despite diminished support for Social Credit and the presence of a less competitive New Zealand Party candidate. Eden is crucial for both parties, with resources heavily invested by each side, and preliminary polling indicates Labour may have a slight lead. East Coast Bays, once a solid National seat claimed by Social Credit in a 1979 by-election, may now be losing ground for Social Credit due to boundary realignment and a national decline in their support. The former Social Credit member G. T. Knapp, known for his appeal, may struggle against National's Mr M. S. McCully, a young and seasoned party member. Knapp's strategy involves courting Labour voters to retain his position, suggesting that it is plausible he could still hold East Coast Bays in the face of unfavourable electoral conditions. Overall, these electorates are pivotal in shaping the outcome of the upcoming election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840713_2_107_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840713.2.107.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458481600
5290,14,07,1984,"Examining Evidence For Jesus (Press, 14 July 1984)","""Jesus: The Evidence"" by Ian Wilson, published in 1984, is a comprehensive examination of the historical evidence surrounding Jesus Christ, targeting the well-informed reader. The review, written by Colin Brown, highlights the meticulous scholarship that has evolved over the last two centuries, along with the significance of various academic fields such as textual, historical, and archaeological studies in expanding the understanding of Jesus' life. The book references important contributions from Jewish scholars, particularly Geza Vermes, whom Wilson frequently cites. It explores diverse theories surrounding Jesus' identity, including the suggestions that he may have been associated with the Essenes or Zealots, was a magician, or even did not exist at all. Wilson ultimately dismisses the idea of Jesus' non-existence, along with other notions like his alleged homosexuality, but he presents these discussions thoughtfully, considering the ongoing debates within historical scholarship. Wilson's writing incorporates vivid descriptions of significant New Testament manuscript discoveries and presents useful charts for dating these documents. His arguments are supported by archaeological findings, as well as insights from Jewish scholarship. Ultimately, Wilson concludes that Jesus was not simply God becoming man, as traditional Christian doctrine posits, but rather a man who became God, deified by the early Christian community. Despite the book's merits, the review notes that not all hypotheses receive equal scrutiny. Certain ideas, such as viewing Jesus as a magician, are insufficiently critiqued. Moreover, Brown points out that Wilson sometimes misses the broader religious context of the gospels, suggesting that they are inadequate historical accounts. This perspective can mislead readers regarding the gospels' multifaceted purposes, which encompass both historical and spiritual dimensions. The review criticises Wilson for making incorrect generalisations and overly simplistic statements regarding complex subjects, such as the nature of Old Testament religions, the role of women in Paul's writings, and the interpretation of papal infallibility. These elements may irritate knowledgeable readers and misinform others. Finally, Wilson's book is a byproduct of a television series that sparked significant discussion within Christian communities in the UK. The series reportedly entertained bolder hypotheses that extend beyond those explored in the book. Although it remains uncertain when the programmes will air in New Zealand, Brown recommends Wilson's book for anyone interested in the historical Jesus, regardless of their religious stance, while emphasising the need for critical engagement with its content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840714_2_131_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840714.2.131.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458568000
7673,14,07,1984,"Jail Term For Indecencies (Press, 14 July 1984)","In a High Court ruling on 14 July 1984, Mr Justice Roper sentenced a 30-year-old sawmill worker, Alan Joseph Revell, to four years in prison following his guilty pleas to two charges of sodomy and two of indecent assault. The court heard that the offences involved repeated indecent assaults on a boy from the age of nine, with Revell admitting to about 100 incidents of indecency short of sodomy against the same child. The judge highlighted the tragic impact of Revell's actions on the victim, noting that the boy now led a homosexual lifestyle as a result of the assaults, which began when he was under Revell's care. The Crown was represented by Mr G. K. Panckhurst, while Revell's defence lawyer, Mr M. J. Glue, acknowledged the gravity of the situation and indicated that a non-custodial sentence would not be appropriate. The probation report suggested that imprisonment could help Revell address his issues and that he would benefit from counselling. Notably, Revell reportedly sought psychiatric help prior to the police investigation and expressed genuine remorse for his actions. Mr Justice Roper observed the significant coercive element in Revell's conduct, as he had threatened the boy about disclosing the abuse. Despite Revell's lack of prior convictions for similar offences and his cooperation with authorities, the judge deemed the case to have severe negative implications. Recognising the sustained nature of the abuse and its disastrous effects on the victim, he emphasised that Revell's actions represented the worst features of such crimes. In a bid to protect the victim's identity, Mr Glue sought a suppression order for Revell's name, which the judge considered in light of the circumstances surrounding the case. Ultimately, while Revell portrayed a desire to turn over a new leaf upon his release, Justice Roper made it clear that the seriousness of his crimes warranted a substantial prison sentence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840714_2_39_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840714.2.39.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458568000
6701,16,07,1984,"Did The Company Order Her Death? (Press, 16 July 1984)","""Silkwood,"" directed by Mike Nichols and featuring a screenplay by Nora Ephron and Alice Arlen, is a film that examines the true story of Karen Silkwood, a working-class woman whose life became symbolic of the dangers of nuclear industry negligence. Set against the backdrop of the Kerr-McGee plutonium-recycling plant in Oklahoma, the film traces Silkwood’s journey as she uncovers significant safety violations at the plant during the early 1970s. Silkwood’s role at the plant involved handling plutonium and uranium to create fuel pellets for nuclear reactors. Over time, she experienced incidents leading to her plutonium contamination and began to question the plant’s safety protocols. Silkwood suspected that the company was not only flouting safety regulations but also concealing serious flaws in their equipment, potentially putting workers at risk. Her newfound awareness positioned her as a threat to the company, receiving pushback both from her employers and from colleagues who feared job losses due to her whistleblowing. Tragically, Silkwood died on November 13, 1974, in a car accident while en route to meet a New York Times reporter with evidence of her claims. The film raises questions about the circumstances of her death, pondering whether it was an unfortunate accident or a deliberate act orchestrated by the company to silence her. Notably, an autopsy revealed tranquillisers and a slight amount of alcohol in her system, adding further ambiguity to her final moments. The film does not conclusively answer these questions but suggests, without overtly stating it, that foul play may have occurred. The narrative positions Silkwood’s story alongside wider fears regarding nuclear safety, reminiscent of other films that coincided with real-life nuclear incidents, such as ""The China Syndrome."" However, ""Silkwood"" lacks a contemporary issue that directly supports its narrative, instead echoing a broader historical apprehension towards the nuclear industry. Although the film deals with significant themes, critiques arise regarding the performances, particularly Meryl Streep’s portrayal of Silkwood, which was described as self-conscious rather than convincingly authentic for a working-class character. In contrast, supporting roles played by Kurt Russell and Cher have been praised for their more relatable and naturalistic depictions. Dramatic moments within the film culminate with the song “Amazing Grace,” which plays during Silkwood’s death scene, although the choice of this song and the evidence presented throughout the story have been critiqued as ambiguous and unclear. Despite being a notable narrative in the U.S., Silkwood’s story has not received substantial coverage in New Zealand, where this film may resonate with ongoing themes of distrust towards authority and corporate power. As such, ""Silkwood"" serves as a chilling reminder of the perils faced by whistleblowers in the pursuit of truth within dangerous industries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840716_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840716.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458740800
5291,16,07,1984,"Individual Freedom (Press, 16 July 1984)","In a letter published on 16 July 1984, Varian J. Wilson expresses strong opposition to the influence of the gay rights movement on society, claiming it has distorted the concepts of human rights and individual freedom. He suggests that this movement has misled politicians, religious figures, and charitable individuals into supporting what he describes as “victimless” crimes. Wilson references a commentary by Paul Mating on cultural issues, highlighting that certain societies, specifically mentioning Arab societies, legally exploit individuals, including children and young people, contrasting this with the ideals of the law reform advocates. He criticises the notion that homosexuals are merely harmless or hold idealistic views, arguing instead that they engage in damaging behaviours that lead to the corruption and harm of young boys. Similarly, he claims that girls are being forced into degrading situations by organised crime, positioning them as true victims. Wilson warns election candidates against seeking popularity through support from the gay community and those favouring brothels, suggesting it would be politically unwise to court these groups. Overall, the letter reflects a critical and defensive stance against the perceived implications of gay rights advocacy and its broader societal impacts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840716_2_67_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840716.2.67.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458740800
5292,17,07,1984,"Mondale Reverses Choice On Top Party Job (Press, 17 July 1984)","On 17 July 1984, significant political developments unfolded at Lake Tahoe, California, ahead of the Democratic Party's national convention. Charles Manatt, who had been removed from his position as head of the Democratic Party by Walter Mondale, was reinstated, albeit with diminished responsibilities. Mondale's earlier decision to replace the popular Manatt caused considerable surprise and concern among delegates preparing for the convention. This abrupt change was initially seen as a potential disruption to the event. Mondale's press secretary, Maxine Isaacs, indicated that the decision to retain Manatt came at the suggestion of Bert Lance, who had recently been appointed Mondale’s general campaign chairman. There had been speculation that Lance would take over Manatt’s position, which heightened tensions among party members. While defending his original choice to replace Manatt, Mondale expressed that it was a traditional prerogative for a nominee to select their own chairman, referring to his commitment to making the right decisions for the campaign. The day also saw a private meeting between Mondale, Manatt, and campaign director Jim Johnson. Isaacs announced that while Manatt would retain the title of Party Chairman, he would focus on fundraising and finance, though specifics regarding his tenure were not clarified. Additionally, Michael Burman was appointed director of administration and political matters for the Democratic National Committee. Complications arose from criticisms concerning the selection of Lance, who had previously resigned as President Jimmy Carter's Budget Director amid controversy over alleged financial improprieties, although he was later cleared of those claims. Some delegates from rival candidate Senator Gary Hart’s camp expressed concerns that they might switch allegiance to Hart if Lance became chairman, with one source calling the idea ""the stupidest thing Mondale could do."" Ultimately, many party leaders deemed the conflict as relatively minor. In a related societal context, San Francisco witnessed two large, opposing marches in support of the Democrats as the convention approached. Around 200,000 union members, marching to a rally in support of the Democrats, were led by American Federation of Labour-Congress of Industrial Organisations president, Lane Kirkland. Meanwhile, approximately 100,000 homosexuals and lesbians paraded to the convention centre, advocating for gay rights. The police ensured the two groups marched in separate directions to maintain order. The LGBTQ+ marchers were accompanied by vibrant banners proclaiming their rights, and their presence emphasized the Democratic platform's inclusivity. The mood of the gatherings was uplifting, particularly for the gay community, who aimed to highlight the importance of representation and equality within the party. Despite the scale of these demonstrations and various political implications presented, police reported no significant unrest during the events, indicating a peaceful display of political support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840717_2_61_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840717.2.61.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458827200
5293,17,07,1984,"Teenagers On Murder Charge (Press, 17 July 1984)","On 17 July 1984, the High Court in Auckland heard a disturbing case involving the tragic death of 68-year-old Frank Homer Herbert. The jury was presented with details about the attack on Herbert by two teenagers, Benjamin Eugene Manuel, aged 17, and Darren Elliott Grant, aged 19, who have both pleaded not guilty to murder. The incident occurred on 23 November 1983. Crown prosecutor Mr D. S. Morris outlined the circumstances leading up to the attack, revealing that Herbert had encountered the accused at the Mangere Hotel. During this meeting, he reportedly made homosexual advances, which led to the youths accompanying him back to his flat. Morris argued that the youths were fully aware of Herbert's vulnerabilities and had no intention of behaving kindly towards him. After spending time at Herbert’s flat, the perpetrators reportedly subjected him to a severe beating, leaving him seriously injured and likely unconscious in the back of his own van. They subsequently drove the van around Auckland before ultimately deciding to throw him off a bridge, leading to his drowning. Morris highlighted that before leaving the flat, one of the youths, Manuel, took belongings from Herbert, including money and a watch. Morris posed a critical question to the jury about the motivations of the accused, asking why they had specifically chosen Herbert as their target and implying that they viewed him as an easy victim. The trial was expected to continue throughout the week as the court examined the facts of the case and deliberated on the individual guilt of the two teenagers in relation to Herbert’s death.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840717_2_88_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840717.2.88.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,458827200
5294,20,07,1984,"Individual Freedom (Press, 20 July 1984)","In a letter published on 20 July 1984, E. R. E. Wilson responds to Varian J. Wilson's previous correspondence which he describes as infused with prejudice and erroneous claims regarding homosexuals. E. R. E. Wilson expresses support for eccentricity but believes that it is crucial to counter the negative viewpoints presented. He asserts that many homosexuals lead happy and fulfilling lives despite societal reactions that can often be unfavourable. He strongly refutes any claims that link homosexual law reform to child exploitation, condemning such notions as unfounded. Furthermore, Wilson argues that the association between male homosexuality and female prostitution is absurd, stating that child molestation is primarily a heterosexual issue. He emphasises that homosexuals constitute a significant minority in society, deserving of political recognition and rights within a democratic framework. Wilson concludes by suggesting that understanding and acceptance are fundamental to appreciate these viewpoints.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840720_2_73_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840720.2.73.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459086400
5296,21,07,1984,"Individual Freedom (Press, 21 July 1984)","In a letter to the editor dated 18 July 1984, Paul Maling responds to Varian J. Wilson’s claims regarding the influence of the ""gay lobby"" on individual freedom and human rights. Maling argues that the concept of individual freedom was first established by the ancient Greeks, who emphasised the importance of personal pleasure, including homosexual expression. He critiques Wilson's perspective, asserting that it is misguided to blame the gay community for corrupting these ideals. Instead, Maling contends that the Judeo-Christian Church has historically undermined the true meaning of human rights and individual freedom for nearly two millennia. Maling suggests that Wilson's viewpoint is indicative of a ""puritan's mortal fear"" of others experiencing pleasure, implying that Wilson views society inappropriately. Additionally, he challenges Wilson's assertion that Arab society is devoid of humanity, sharing his personal experiences from World War II, where he found the Arabs to possess remarkable qualities such as humanity, intelligence, beauty, and grace. Maling believes that these attributes highlight a contrast between the spirit of Arab culture and Wilson's own disposition. In summary, he defends the value of homosexual rights and criticises the negative perceptions of other cultures presented by Wilson.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840721_2_111_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840721.2.111.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459172800
5295,21,07,1984,"Youths Sentenced To Life Term For Murder (Press, 21 July 1984)","On 20 July 1984, two young men, Darren Elliott Grant (aged 19) and Benjamin Eugene Manuel (aged 17), were sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of 68-year-old Frank Homer Herbert in Mangere in November 1983. The jury in the High Court at Auckland deliberated for approximately four hours before reaching their verdict. Defence counsel Simon Lockhart, Q.C., and Peter Williams had argued that the young men should be found guilty of manslaughter instead of murder. The Crown, represented by David Morris, presented evidence that the accused had assaulted Mr Herbert and subsequently disposed of his body off the old Mangere bridge. Justice Hillyer, delivering the verdict, indicated that the jury had to consider whether there was intent to kill. The defence had contended that the youths believed Mr Herbert was already dead when they threw him into the water. They pointed to Manuel's use of terms like “the body” and “it,” suggesting a detachment from recognising him as a living person. Additionally, Grant’s statement indicated uncertainty about whether Mr Herbert was alive when he was thrown over the rocks. Justice Hillyer stated that if the jury believed the accused thought Mr Herbert was dead at that moment, it would imply they lacked the intent to kill. Contrarily, Morris argued that Manuel expressed a desire to help Mr Herbert after the incident, indicating a conflicted state of mind between the two youths. Morris also highlighted Manuel’s statements made to the police, referring to Mr Herbert as “the old man,” and Grant’s observations that Mr Herbert was injured and unconscious before being thrown off the bridge. The Crown’s position was that even if the youths had thought Mr Herbert was deceased when they discarded him, the earlier assault constituted a clear intent to kill as part of a continuous sequence of actions against the victim. The defence maintained that Grant and Manuel’s actions were motivated by a desire to discipline Mr Herbert for unwanted sexual advances, rather than a premeditated intent to cause his death. The case raised complex questions about intent, the difference between murder and manslaughter, and the youths' state of mind during the tragic event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840721_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840721.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459172800
6702,23,07,1984,"‘Miss America’ A Classy Lady, Say Townsfolk (Press, 23 July 1984)","Vanessa Williams, the first black woman crowned ""Miss America"" in 1983, has faced controversy and fallout due to her past nude photographs set to be published in the September 1984 edition of ""Penthouse"" magazine. In response to the impending release of the images, officials from the Miss America pageant requested that Williams, aged 21, resign from her title. This decision elicited a sympathetic reaction from the residents of her hometown, Millwood, New York, a community of approximately 2,000 people who initially celebrated her achievement. Local residents expressed their support for Williams, with many citing her character and dignity. Helen Dorman, a former employer of Williams, proclaimed that no actions could diminish her status as a lady. Al Mazza, a Millwood resident, shared his dismay at the situation, witnessing graffiti derogatorily depicting Williams in a local car park, which he attempted to obscure. Dana Giordano also voiced disapproval, asserting that ""Penthouse"" had no right to tarnish Williams' reputation. Lorraine Dickinson, whose children attended school with Williams, emphasized her intelligence and dignity, further reinforcing the community's pride in her accomplishments. As the news broke, Williams' mother faced a barrage of media inquiries at their home, while friends and supporters expressed their disappointment regarding the pageant's decision. Mrs Williams articulated her feelings, stating that her daughter has consistently been a good role model and lamenting the decision made by pageant officials. She echoed the sentiment that the organisation acted in its ""own best interests."" The Miss America organisation, which has been running for 63 years, quickly convened to address the issue following ""Penthouse's"" announcement of the publication of the photographs, which were taken prior to her pageant involvement. The pageant director, Albert Marks, described the situation as “sensationalism of the worst kind.” Williams was given a deadline to decide on relinquishing her title, which offered a cash scholarship of $525,000 and various appearance opportunities valued at $100,000. In a counterpoint to the pageant's actions, Bob Guccione, the publisher of ""Penthouse,"" defended the decision to publish the photographs and claimed that the pageant was outmoded, arguing that contestants were not expected to be ""vestal virgins."" The situation has sparked widespread debate about the values represented in beauty pageants and the ongoing challenges faced by women in the public eye, particularly concerning issues of personal agency and the scrutiny surrounding their past choices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840723_2_80_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840723.2.80.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459345600
7101,23,07,1984,"Night Life In The Gay Bars Of Manhattan (Press, 23 July 1984)","In an observation of the gay scene in Greenwich Village, Helen Brown recounts a visit to Uncle Charlie’s, a respectable gay bar where she accompanied friends Lloyd and Jo. They emphasized that not all establishments in the area would allow her presence, particularly those catering to more niche preferences like sadomasochism. As they walked through the bustling streets at night, Brown noted the variety of bars reflecting different tastes in the gay community. She saw a range of interactions among gay couples, from romantic gestures to signs of boredom typical in relationships. Inside Uncle Charlie’s, the atmosphere felt upscale, populated by young, attractive men who appeared affluent and charming—characteristics that Brown suggested her mother would approve of. The bar was a hub of social interaction, with people engaging in flirting and intimate gestures, backed by pulsating music. Brown felt out of place, grappling with her status as an outsider in a space where the regular dynamics of seeking companionship were at play. The self-awareness of being surrounded by a predominantly gay crowd left her feeling invisible and unnecessary. Jo reflected on the complexities of being gay, describing it as a blend of narcissism and self-hatred. This sentiment echoed the struggles many individuals face in acknowledging and accepting their identities. Brown observed that many patrons at the bar seemed to seek their ""Mr Right,"" with couples often dressed similarly, indicative of their bond. Despite the vibrancy of the scene, a sense of sadness permeated the conversation, particularly when Jo lamented the battles gay individuals face, even in a liberal environment like New York City, which allows their lifestyle. Brown’s friends expressed compassion for the plight of gay people in New Zealand, where such lifestyles remain illegal. Their insights revealed a deep understanding of the loneliness and challenges many in the LGBTQ+ community encounter, further highlighted by the existence of supportive organisations in the United States. In conclusion, while Brown found aspects of the New York gay lifestyle foreign, she also noticed moments of protectiveness from her friends that transcended their struggles, reflecting a universal humanity. This experience was a thought-provoking exploration of difference, acceptance, and the enduring search for connection, urging a reflection on what could be learned from the resilience of the gay community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840723_2_92_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840723.2.92.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459345600
5297,24,07,1984,"Individual Freedom (Press, 24 July 1984)","In a letter published on 24 July 1984, Varian J. Wilson addresses a misinterpretation of his views regarding male homosexuality and prostitution, which he believes stem from political discussions surrounding “victimless crimes.” He recalls his earlier engagement in the homosexual law reform debate, mentioning that a letter he submitted to the “Listener” was not published due to the editor's actions. This letter referenced Justice Department statistics indicating that no individuals had been imprisoned for consensual homosexual acts involving adults, countering the narrative of widespread persecution. Wilson reveals that the editor of the “Listener” shared his unpublished letter with a television programme called “Compass,” leading to an invitation for Wilson to argue the negative side of the homosexual law reform debate. He notes that the debate's moderator, Austin Mitchell, was under the false impression that Wilson held extreme anti-gay views, influenced by the editor's representation of him as a “rabid queer basher.” In his letter, Wilson expresses his support for legalising homosexual acts between consenting adults in private, yet he criticises what he perceives as the lack of acceptable limits proposed by those advocating for gay rights. Wilson’s argument reflects a nuanced stance on homosexuality, advocating for reform while also acknowledging the complexities within the discussion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840724_2_110_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840724.2.110.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459432000
6929,24,07,1984,"Part-time Ladies’ Men (Press, 24 July 1984)","Colleen Toomey, writing for the ""Observer"", explores the lives of crossdressers Ron and Raymond Morrison, alongside the experiences of their wives, Polly and Vera. The article begins with the Robinson family and the challenges faced when Ron, who has cross-dressed since childhood, revealed his identity to his wife Polly. Initially keeping his compulsion a secret and sneaking in through the back door, Ron's situation became more complicated when their teenage son discovered the truth through a poster proclaiming ""Dear Mum and Dad, what on earth's going on?"" Luckily, the son accepted Ron's explanation, relieved it was not something worse. Despite the difficulties, Polly supports Ron’s desire to express his identity, creating the persona of ""Jenny."" However, their relationship strained as Polly found it hard to separate her emotional responses from Ron's cross-dressing. After a separation of three months, they reconciled, agreeing on a mutual understanding of the situation. Polly, recognising the need for coping resources, established a help-line for women in similar situations, highlighting the secrecy surrounding transvestism and the stigma often associated with it. In parallel, Raymond Morrison's story is recounted. For 30 years of his 39-year marriage, he suppressed his desire to cross-dress. Now in his sixties, Raymond enjoys dressing as “Rona,” a persona he has embraced significantly since his children left home. Vera, his wife, initially shocked by this revelation, chose to support him through this transition. She actively participates in helping Raymond with outfits and makeup, describing their relationship as one that accommodates both identities without undermining their bond. Both men express that there is no desire to change or be ""cured"" of their cross-dressing. They highlight that transvestism provides them with a sense of relief and happiness, allowing them to break free from traditional male roles. Raymond articulates his experience as an escape into a ""lighter side"" of life, while Polly acknowledges that Ron's cross-dressing makes him a more harmonious person. Toomey captures a broader narrative regarding societal perceptions of transvestism, noting that many view it through a lens of misunderstanding, equating it with homosexuality and perversion. However, she emphasises that many transvestites are, in fact, heterosexual and seek companionship within their marriages. The article delves into the emotional complexity of their experiences, as the men navigate their identities and their wives learn to adapt to this multifaceted aspect of their lives. Ultimately, both couples exhibit a commitment to understanding, acceptance, and love amid the challenges presented by transvestism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840724_2_95_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840724.2.95.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459432000
5300,25,07,1984,"Band Of Boys (Press, 25 July 1984)","The Riccarton Players are set to stage ""The Boys in the Band,"" a play by Mart Crowley, starting on August 1, 1984. This production will explore themes of homosexuality within the context of a birthday party for a character named Harold. The gathering is strictly male and takes a turn when Alan, played by Gary Johnston, who is not only non-homosexual but also anti-homosexual, arrives. This disrupts the dynamics of the group and exposes their fears and failures, which remain unresolved throughout the play, reflecting how these issues are confronted but not necessarily solved. This production marks the first time ""The Boys in the Band"" has been performed in a church setting. The play is directed by John Jefferies, who also takes on the role of Harold, alongside co-director Moreen Eason. The cast features Judd Millner as Michael, the party host; Ross Gumbley as Michael's anxious friend, Donald; Phil Foster as Larry, and Richard Capstick as his partner, Hank. The ensemble is rounded out by Howard Thompson as Emory, Neil Gudsell as Bernard, and Jason Ealey as Cowboy. The play delves into personal relationships and societal attitudes towards homosexuality, making it a poignant piece for audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840725_2_115_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840725.2.115.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459518400
5299,25,07,1984,"Individual Freedom (Press, 25 July 1984)","In a letter to the editor dated July 22, 1984, Varian J. Wilson criticises Paul Maling's interpretation of ancient Greek culture, arguing that Maling oversimplifies the Greek ethos by focusing only on aspects that align with his views on sexuality. Wilson contends that while some ancient Greek thinkers, such as Plato, discussed hedonistic themes, this perspective does not represent the entirety of Greek philosophy, which included more complex moral and ethical considerations. He juxtaposes this with his concerns about the brutality condoned in Judaeo-Muslim traditions, acknowledging the admirable qualities he has observed in Arab communities while denouncing the treatment of women and boys as subservient. Wilson expresses alarm at the manipulation of human rights discourse, suggesting that the portrayal of certain crimes, such as sodomy and white slavery, as ""victimless"" is a form of corrupt propaganda. He argues that the underlying hedonism associated with these acts does not negate the suffering of individuals impacted by them. Furthermore, Wilson warns that advocates for gay rights are pushing for the legalisation of homosexual advances towards young people, framing it as an individual right to choose an alternative lifestyle. He implies that this approach may be misguided and holds broader societal implications. Ultimately, Wilson's letter reflects a concern about the intersection of ideology, law, and moral standards in contemporary discussions surrounding sexuality and human rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840725_2_111_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840725.2.111.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459518400
7102,25,07,1984,"Perth Picket For Mrs Whitehouse (Press, 25 July 1984)","On 25 July 1984, opposition to British anti-porn crusader Mary Whitehouse's campaign was evident in Perth, Australia, as her opening public rally was met with protests. The protests were organised by a new group that opposed Whitehouse and her associate, anti-porn campaigner John Smyth, Q.C. Demonstrators distributed leaflets urging the public to boycott Whitehouse's efforts, while some supporters of Whitehouse reacted angrily, throwing the pamphlets to the ground. Tensions heightened as one protester crumpled a leaflet and stomped on it. The protesting group had previously opposed the visit of American anti-feminist Michael Levin and was preparing to protest against another upcoming speaker, American anti-abortion advocate Bernard Nathanson. Inside the Church of Christ in Northbridge, where the rally took place, Whitehouse remained unaware of the protests taking place outside. Ray Ellery, a representative of the Festival of Light, mentioned that Whitehouse was somewhat disappointed there weren't more demonstrations, as she believed they attracted positive attention for her cause. During her speech to approximately 200 supporters, Whitehouse asserted that previous protests during her prior visits had increased her visibility and support. She recounted how she became more well-known amidst the protests, stating, ""I was practically unknown until surrounded by gays, lesbians, and Trotskyites."" Whitehouse and Smyth maintained their stance against what they termed ""video filth"" classified as X-rated and R-rated content, claiming it posed a threat to children and vulnerable individuals. The rally highlighted the ongoing cultural tensions and debates surrounding issues of censorship, sexual morality, and freedom of expression in Australia during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840725_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840725.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459518400
5298,25,07,1984,"Prisoner Found Hanged In Cell (Press, 25 July 1984)","Alan Joseph Revell, a 30-year-old man from Christchurch, was found hanged in his cell at Paparua Prison in the early hours of Monday morning, 25 July 1984. Revell had been incarcerated earlier in July for sex offences, beginning a four-year prison sentence on 13 July after being convicted on two charges of sodomy and two of indecent assault. The discovery was made by a prison officer who was conducting routine checks on the cells around 12.20 a.m. At the time, Revell was alone in a cell located in the prison's protection area. During the sentencing, Mr Justice Roper detailed the gravity of Revell's offences, noting that they took place over several years. Revell had admitted to approximately 100 incidents involving the same young boy, who had been subjected to indecent assaults since the age of nine. The judge remarked that as a result of these experiences, the boy had subsequently adopted a homosexual lifestyle. Following his sentencing, Revell requested protective segregation, a facility offered to inmates who may be at risk of harm from other prisoners. He had been held in this segregation wing since his arrival at Paparua Prison, and the findings following his death were a matter of concern for the prison authorities. The superintendent of Paparua Prison, Mr Humphrey Stroud, confirmed that Revell had applied for, and was granted, protective segregation, which further highlighted the complexities surrounding his imprisonment leading up to the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840725_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840725.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459518400
5301,27,07,1984,"Suspect Blood Traced (Press, 27 July 1984)","On 27 July 1984, Australian Federal health authorities announced they had tracked down all individuals potentially contaminated by blood donated by a man who was a carrier of the A.1.D.5. virus, known as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). A spokesman for the Federal Health Minister, Mr Neal Blewett, confirmed that all blood batches from the donor, who had given blood twice in Sydney, had been accounted for. The authorities estimated that over 40 people may have received contaminated transfusions or coagulant derivatives derived from this blood. The A.1.D.5. virus impairs the body’s immune system, making individuals more susceptible to various infections, although the donor did not exhibit symptoms of the disease. The contaminated blood had been distributed across several regions, including the Australian Capital Territory, Queensland, Tasmania, and New South Wales. Among these, only New South Wales administered the blood for direct transfusions. Health officials successfully identified three individuals who had received transfusions from this batch, ensuring that they received necessary medical attention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840727_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840727.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459691200
5302,28,07,1984,"Serum Tested For A.I.D.S. (Press, 28 July 1984)","On 28 July 1984, concerns emerged over the potential contamination of Factor 8, a blood coagulant used by haemophiliacs, with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The situation arose when it was discovered that a batch of 654 vials of Factor 8, distributed over a year ago, may have been used by between 200 to 400 patients along the eastern coast of Australia. Dr Neville McCarthy from the Commonwealth Serum Laboratory, which produces Factor 8, stated that samples from both the distributed batch and an unused batch have been sent to the United States for testing to determine any contamination. The controversy began when a homosexual man who was an AIDS carrier donated blood to the Red Cross in Sydney. This blood was subsequently used in a transfusion for another individual, who was later diagnosed with AIDS. The remaining blood from this donor was processed along with that of other donors to create Factor 8. Despite the alarming news, Dr R. J. Sawer, a haemotology expert at Melbourne's Alfred Hospital, attempted to calm fears by asserting that the risk of infection from Factor 8 was considered negligible. He pointed out that in the United States, where the use of Factor 8 from a large donor pool had been re-established, only 10 out of 6000 haemophiliacs had contracted AIDS. This statistic led to lifting a previous ban on using Factor 8 made from a broader group of donors due to the perceived low risk. Health authorities have since tracked down all individuals who might have been affected by the transfusion from the potentially contaminated blood. Among these was a New South Wales man who was critically ill in a hospital with AIDS. He is one of three individuals in the state known to have received direct transfusions derived from the implicated blood. The other two are currently awaiting test results to determine if they have contracted the virus. AIDS, a disease that severely weakens the immune system and leaves individuals vulnerable to various infections, has become a significant public health concern, prompting a swift response from healthcare authorities as they work to mitigate the risks associated with blood transfusions and ensure the safety of haemophiliacs relying on Factor 8. The outcome of the ongoing tests and the assessment of the risks of contamination will be crucial in informing patients and health professionals in the coming weeks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840728_2_77_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840728.2.77.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,459777600
5303,01,08,1984,"A.I.D.S. Blood Test Soon (Press, 1 August 1984)","A blood-screening test for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is anticipated to become available in New Zealand within a year, according to Dr Graeme Woodfield, the director of the Auckland Blood Transfusion Service. The decision to develop this test comes in the wake of a scare in Australia, where it was discovered that at least 30 individuals may have received blood transfusions from an AIDS carrier. Dr Woodfield reassured the public that none of the contaminated blood products had entered New Zealand. The Auckland Blood Transfusion Service is currently working on a basic screening technique specifically for AIDS. Dr Woodfield stated that commercial testing reagents should be available from the United States within six months to a year. He expressed optimism that once these reagents arrive, the service would be able to implement the testing swiftly. Initial plans indicate that the centre will likely test all 80,000 blood donations received in the first year of the new testing procedure. Dr Woodfield noted that the service has received considerable support from the homosexual community, which has been the group most affected by AIDS overseas. The community has been advised not to donate blood until more information about the disease's transmission is available. This proactive approach is intended to safeguard blood transfusions in New Zealand and prevent any similar situations that occurred in Australia, ultimately enhancing public health and safety regarding blood donation practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840801_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840801.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460123200
4077,01,08,1984,"Cable Briefs (Press, 1 August 1984)","The news from 1 August 1984 highlights several significant events, both in the UK and around the world. A male prostitute, Michael Rauch, aged 38, was found dead in a North London flat, reportedly from a drug overdose. Rauch was known for his involvement in a scandal that led to the downfall of Michael Trestrail, the former bodyguard of the Queen. Trestrail, aged 53, had to resign two years prior after Rauch attempted to sell the story of their twelve-year affair. In Israeli politics, a spokesman for Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir dismissed a Soviet proposal for an international conference on the Middle East, labelling it as a ""propaganda ploy."" The spokesperson emphasised that the Soviet Union, having severed ties with Israel in 1967, cannot be trusted as an impartial facilitator in negotiations and clearly sides with the Arab nations. In Zaire, President Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko looks set to retain control after a poll indicated overwhelming support for him as the sole candidate in the upcoming elections. Although the official results will not be released until August 7, government sources claim nearly 100 percent approval. Mobutu has led the country since coming to power in a coup in 1965 and is expected to be sworn in again on December 5. In Sudan, a government minister, Mamoun Mahamadi Ahmed, was dismissed and sentenced to 40 lashes after being found drunk at a presidential reception. This punishment aligns with Islamic law, which prohibits alcohol. The minister will first undergo a medical examination before facing the lashings. A remarkable medical case emerged from Pakistan, where surgeons removed a 20kg tumour from a 55-year-old man’s stomach, which had significantly impacted his health. The chief surgeon reported that the patient was recovering well after the operation. In entertainment, Oscar-winning actor Robert Duvall announced he signed a recording contract with Triad Records. Following his recent Academy Award win for ""Tender Mercies,"" Duvall has begun work on his debut album in Nashville, featuring appearances by prominent country artists. A tragic incident involving a Norwegian sailor, Bjorn Pedersen, came to light as investigators reported he was tortured to death by Libyan authorities while aboard the ship Germa Lionel in Tripoli. Last seen on May 13 when taken ashore, the circumstances of his death became murky, with Libyan authorities changing their narrative from an escape attempt to a claim of suicide. Finally, in Sydney, a rally addressed by British morals campaigner Mary Whitehouse focused on censorship and its relation to pornography. Despite her views, a counter-demonstration led by various advocacy groups highlighted differing perspectives on pornography and censorship, revealing divisions within the wider community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840801_2_65_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840801.2.65.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460123200
7031,01,08,1984,"Twins’ Future Rated Highly (Press, 1 August 1984)","On 1 August 1984, it was reported that Win Htut and Lin Htut, Siamese twins from Rangoon, Burma, successfully underwent a complex 17-hour surgery that separated them and included a gender reassignment for Win Htut. Surgeons, Dr Robert Filler and Dr Geoffry Barker, announced that both twins had a 95 per cent chance of recovering physically. Win Htut transitioned into a female during the operation, while Lin Htut retained his male characteristics. As of the report, both children were in stable condition and progressing well. The procedure was notable for being the first of its kind in medical history due to the simultaneous separation and sex change. The twins were conjoined from the diaphragm down, had male chromosomes, and shared a single set of male genitals. The surgeons faced the decision of whether to change one or both twins into females. The parents expressed a preference for one boy, leading the medical team to determine that Lin Htut would be the more suitable candidate to remain male. A large surgical team of 43 members was involved in the operation, which included the construction of a vagina for Win Htut, and it was anticipated that Lin Htut would eventually have the ability to procreate. Following the surgery, both children are slated to receive sex hormone treatments. Dr Filler noted that this operation was the most complicated he had ever undertaken, surpassing previous separations he performed on female Siamese twins. During the surgery, the team separated the twins’ pelvis and liver, as well as their kidneys and intestines, and created an artificial abdominal wall for Win Htut. She will require careful monitoring every three to four hours to ensure proper healing of the grafted material. Both Win Htut and Lin Htut will also receive artificial legs to aid their mobility. According to the doctors, the twins' lives would be more manageable than those of individuals with paraplegia. Since their birth, the twins have been hospitalized and have not yet experienced life outside a medical facility.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840801_2_65_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840801.2.65.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460123200
5304,04,08,1984,"'Boys In The Band’ (Press, 4 August 1984)","""The Boys in the Band,"" a play by Mart Crowley, has been directed by John Jeffries for the Riccarton Players and is showing at the Mill Theatre from 1 to 11 August 1984. The story unfolds in Michael's New York apartment during a birthday celebration for Harold, where a group of friends gathered for an evening of festivities. The mood shifts when Michael's straight friend Alan calls to join the gathering, creating a sense of unease among the predominantly gay group. The production notes emphasize that while the play features homosexual characters, it transcends this label, presenting homosexuality as just another aspect of life. Written in the 1960s, the play's relevance is maintained in Jeffries's contemporary interpretation, which incorporates modern music, costumes, and decor, ensuring it does not feel dated. The reviewer, Claire Marsh, draws parallels to Tom Stoppard's ""The Real Thing,"" highlighting the clever, fast-paced dialogue and the characters’ tendency to mask their true emotions beneath a veneer of sophistication. The first act is described as light-hearted and witty, while the second act gradually delves into deeper, darker themes. Michael's poignant line at the end—""If we could just not hate ourselves so much""—captures the emotional complexity of the narrative. Although the pacing of the production could benefit from more dynamic movement and levity at times, it maintains an authentic emotional depth throughout. The cast is praised for their performances, with standout portrayals including Ross Gumbley's strong interpretation of Donald, Howie Thompson's flamboyant characterisation, and Phil Foster's sensitive depiction of Larry. Richard Capstick's Hank transitions from stridency to compassionate vulnerability, while Neil Gudsell brings warmth to Bernard. Jason Ealey's Cowboy serves as a comic foil, and Gary Johnstone effectively portrays the contrasting character of Alan, adding conflict to the dynamics. Central to the play, Judd Millner's nuanced performance as Michael delves into the complexities of the other characters’ façades, leading to a powerful climax. Overall, the Riccarton Players have delivered a challenging, provocative production that resonates with humour and emotional weight. Unfortunately, the reviewer notes that audience attendance was low due to the cold winter night, notwithstanding the play's warmth and potential messages for thoughtful viewers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840804_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840804.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460382400
5305,06,08,1984,"Individual Freedom (Press, 6 August 1984)","In a letter published on 2 August 1984, E. R. L. Wilson responds to Varian J. Wilson's claims regarding the statistics on convictions for homosexual offences against adults. E. R. L. Wilson asserts that Varian is mistaken in saying that there have been no imprisonments for such offences, pointing out that between 1965 and 1976, there were 673 convictions for indecency between males, with 120 of those resulting in prison sentences. This data can be confirmed through the New Zealand Justice Statistics provided by the New Zealand Department of Statistics. Furthermore, E. R. L. Wilson highlights a pertinent aspect of the law, noting that, according to the Crimes Act, consent cannot be used as a defence in these cases. However, he stresses that the more significant issue at hand is the implicit support the current legislation provides for unreasonable prejudice and persecution against homosexuals. He expresses concern over the societal implications and the ongoing antagonism towards the homosexual community stemming from such laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840806_2_72_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840806.2.72.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460555200
5307,07,08,1984,"Book Alleges That U.S. Cardinal Was Homosexual (Press, 7 August 1984)","On 7 August 1984, it was reported that the author John Cooney of a forthcoming biography titled ""The American Pope: The Life and Times of Francis Cardinal Spellman"" was required by his publisher, Times Books, to provide substantiation for claims made in the book. The allegations suggest that the late Cardinal Spellman was a homosexual and that his sexual life had caused significant embarrassment to many priests. The biography is set to be published in October 1984. Joseph Consolino, the president and publisher of Times Books, emphasized the publisher's responsibility to ensure that no damaging allegations are published without adequate proof or are based solely on hearsay. He acknowledged that Cooney had conducted extensive fact-checking and that the editorial review process was ongoing. When asked what would happen if Cooney could not substantiate his claims, Consolino indicated that Cooney had agreed to further discussions about the editorial review of the book. The biography presents allegations from four individuals claiming that Cardinal Spellman was homosexual, although these sources did not provide direct evidence. Cooney did mention having spoken to a more prominent source who allegedly had an affair with Spellman, although this source was not cited in the galleys. Cooney expressed that the affair did not seem significant to include at the time, even though it was a well-known relationship. The bound galleys of Cooney’s book had been sent to reviewers when editors at The New York Times took notice of the controversial claims. They felt that the newspaper would not publish such serious allegations without additional evidence. This prompted discussions among executives at The New York Times Company regarding the need for consistent standards of substantiation for both the newspaper and its book publishing division. Cardinal Spellman, who served as Archbishop of New York for 28 years until his death in 1967, was a prominent figure in the Catholic Church, having been born in 1889 in Whitman, Massachusetts, and ordained as a priest in 1916. He became Archbishop in 1939 and was elevated to cardinal in 1946 by Pope Pius XII. By the time of his death at the age of 78, he was regarded as one of the most well-known Catholic leaders in North America, presiding over a congregation of two million Catholics in New York.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840807_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840807.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460641600
7103,07,08,1984,"Lack Of A.I.D.S. Aid Criticised (Press, 7 August 1984)","On 7 August 1984, Bruce Burnett, the first Aucklander diagnosed with an AIDS-related condition, expressed his frustration regarding the lack of funding for disease prevention and support for victims in New Zealand. Burnett, aged 30, had returned from San Francisco eight months prior, presenting with symptoms that included swollen lymph glands and a parasitic intestinal infection. However, his condition could not be classified as AIDS since he did not exhibit life-threatening illnesses. He reported feeling frequently weak and tired, with recurring mild illnesses, rashes, and discomfort that prevented him from working, necessitating monthly hospital visits. Burnett has taken on the role of coordinator for a newly established AIDS Support Network in New Zealand, which was launched the previous month. He is actively organising seminars aimed at educating the public about AIDS prevention across the country. Despite receiving moral support from hospitals and the Health Department, he lamented the clear absence of financial investment, stating, “no money is available."" He has created an informational pamphlet focused on risk reduction to be shared primarily with homosexuals and at-risk groups, highlighting the widespread ignorance and denial regarding the disease's potential impact in New Zealand. He noted that while caring for each AIDS patient could cost up to NZ$100,000, there seemed to be reluctance to allocate even NZ$5,000 to NZ$10,000 for prevention initiatives. Alarmingly, for every diagnosed AIDS victim, there could be 10 to 20 individuals presenting similar symptoms without having the fully developed disease. Staff at Auckland Hospital’s venereology clinic have raised concerns that early-stage AIDS cases may be overlooked due to limited operating hours and privacy issues at the clinic. Dr Janet Say, a microbiologist and venereologist, commented on the possibility that AIDS could already be present within the community among individuals who contracted the virus abroad. She noted that the lack of privacy deterred many in the gay community and other affected groups from seeking necessary healthcare at the hospital, preferring to visit private doctors instead. This trend has led to fears that if a cluster of AIDS cases were later identified in Auckland, the health services would be held accountable for failing to detect and address them early. Dr Say expressed concern over the potential consequences of this situation, stressing the importance of ensuring early detection of AIDS and other serious illnesses. She indicated that the current lack of privacy and accessible services was driving affected individuals underground, complicating efforts to manage the disease within the community effectively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840807_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840807.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460641600
5306,07,08,1984,"Recognition For Homosexuals (Press, 7 August 1984)","On 7 August 1984, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (A.B.C.) made a significant decision to extend staff benefits to homosexual partners of its employees. This move officially recognises homosexual relationships for various staff entitlements, which include bereavement leave, removal costs, and accommodation provisions in remote areas. The decision is part of A.B.C.'s broader equal employment opportunity plan, as stated by the chairman, Mr Ken Myer. Mr Myer outlined additional initiatives that accompany this decision, including reserving training course placements for members of disadvantaged employment groups, setting targets for the recruitment of women in under-represented job areas, and abolishing age discrimination in recruitment processes, particularly for training courses. He emphasised that the A.B.C. aims to enhance employment opportunities for several disadvantaged groups, including women, Aboriginal Australians, migrants from non-English speaking backgrounds, and individuals with disabilities. The response to this announcement was mixed. Federal Opposition spokesman on communications, Mr Bruce Lloyd, expressed his disapproval, stating that he was shocked by A.B.C.'s decision to equate homosexual de facto relationships with marriage. He argued that this move does not align with existing legislation or the prevailing attitudes within the community. In contrast, the homosexual community celebrated the decision as a groundbreaking development. A spokesman for the community, Aiderman Brian McGahen, referred to the announcement as an important precedent for recognising and validating homosexual relationships within institutional frameworks. This landmark decision reflects shifting attitudes towards equality in the workplace and signals a gradual acceptance of homosexual partnerships in Australian society. The A.B.C.'s actions represent a notable step towards broader inclusivity and recognition within institutional policies at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840807_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840807.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460641600
5308,08,08,1984,"Dean Of Sydney Attacks Decision By A.b.c. (Press, 8 August 1984)","On 8 August 1984, the Very Rev. Lance Shilton, the Dean of Sydney, expressed strong opposition to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's (ABC) recent decision to extend employee benefits to de facto partners of homosexual employees. In a sermon delivered at St Andrew’s Cathedral, he argued that Australians who uphold the sanctity of marriage would disapprove of the ABC's choice to allocate federal funds to provide entitlements to homosexual partners, alongside existing provisions for de facto heterosexual partners. Dean Shilton described the ABC's actions as ""absurd,"" stating that such benefits contribute to the community's acceptance of what he termed ""sodomy"" as a legitimate lifestyle. He voiced concerns about the growing difficulty for everyday Australians to discern right from wrong, a situation he attributed to the increasing prevalence of anti-discrimination measures. Shilton stated that many people are becoming cynical towards legislators and public servants who, in his view, misuse their positions to seek special privileges based on what he labelled immoral relationships. He urged Australians to raise their voices against what he described as ""moral corruption in high places."" In a provocative statement, he suggested that if anti-discrimination laws lacked a moral foundation, it could eventually lead to individuals in polygamous relationships claiming similar benefits for multiple spouses. The ABC had announced its decision on 2 August 1984, revealing that it would treat homosexual relationships the same as heterosexual ones concerning staff entitlements, including bereavement leave, removal costs, and accommodation arrangements in remote locations. According to ABC's chairman, Mr Ken Myer, this decision was part of a broader equal employment opportunity programme. This sermon by Dean Shilton reflects the societal tensions of the era regarding LGBTQ rights and the evolving discussions around marriage and partnership recognition in Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840808_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840808.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460728000
5309,11,08,1984,"Seminars On A.I.D.S. (Press, 11 August 1984)","A new and concerning disease, A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), is expected to emerge in New Zealand, according to Mr Bruce Burnett, co-ordinator of the newly established A.I.D.S. Support Network. This statement was made during his visit to Christchurch, where he was holding seminars aimed at educating both the homosexual community and health-care professionals about the disease. Burnett highlighted that while New Zealand has not yet seen widespread A.I.D.S. cases—aside from a single individual from Taranaki who contracted it abroad—there are already 11 known cases in Australia. He stressed that the arrival of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand was not a matter of if, but when. Health authorities are particularly concerned about potential cases in Auckland due to A.I.D.S.'s long incubation period, which can extend up to three years. During this period, an individual may appear healthy and not show symptoms while still being contagious. Some New Zealanders are currently under investigation due to fears they may have A.I.D.S. or related conditions that could be more prevalent than the full-blown disease itself. Burnett explained that A.L.D.S. (a mild, non-fatal form of A.I.D.S.) is debilitating and highly contagious, with symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, swollen lymph glands, and recurrent minor infections. Burnett stated that the symptoms of A.I.D.S. and A.L.D.S.-related conditions are significant because they resemble those of other diseases but last longer and tend to be more severe, complicating the diagnosis. Globally, it is estimated that about 5,000 cases of A.I.D.S. exist, with potentially 50,000 to 100,000 individuals suffering from A.L.D.S.-related conditions. The illness is believed to be caused by a virus transmitted through body fluids, particularly via intimate contact, exposure to infected blood, or sharing needles. In comparison to the United States, the risk of contracting A.I.D.S. through blood products in New Zealand is lower, as blood donors in New Zealand are not compensated. A screening test for blood samples is being developed in the United States, anticipated to be available in New Zealand within approximately six months. While there is currently no cure for A.I.D.S. and developing a vaccine could take up to ten years, preventive measures can significantly reduce the risk of transmission. These preventative steps are similar to those used to avoid other sexually transmitted diseases. The seminars, funded by the A.I.D.S. Support Network, aim to educate attendees on enhancing health and minimising risks during sexual activity. Burnett, who has experience working in a counselling service for A.I.D.S. victims in San Francisco, plans to hold separate sessions for homosexual men and medical staff at the Lambda Centre in Christchurch. The network was established to aid individuals with A.I.D.S., provide public education, and improve healthcare quality for those affected.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840811_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840811.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,460987200
5311,14,08,1984,"Blame It On The Boy—minister (Press, 14 August 1984)","On 14 August 1984, the Wesley Central Mission in Sydney, represented by Rev. Gordon Moyes, expressed concerns that the pop star Boy George and certain actions by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) were leading to confusion among young people regarding their sexual identity. Rev. Moyes claimed that there had been a significant increase in calls to the mission’s “Youth Line” from individuals seeking guidance on sexuality issues. He noted that the ABC's initiative to offer housing benefits for the partners of homosexual staff, alongside Boy George's recent visit to Australia, contributed to a broader cultural shift influencing adolescents. The mission reported that nearly three times as many young people had sought help regarding their sexual identity compared to the previous year. A significant portion of these callers, around 80 per cent, were aged under 21. Rev. Moyes indicated that the rise in homosexual and transexual imagery and pressures in society had led to heightened confusion among teens about their own identities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840814_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840814.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461246400
5310,14,08,1984,"Fungus Might Give Sign Of A.I.D.S. Attack (Press, 14 August 1984)","A study conducted by a group of researchers in New York has suggested that an uncommon fungal infection in the mouth, known as oral candidiasis, could serve as a predictive marker for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (A.I.D.S.). The findings may enable physicians to act earlier in providing care for individuals who are likely to develop this severe immune disorder. Previously, doctors have relied on a range of symptoms including fever, weight loss, and diarrhoea to predict the onset of A.I.D.S.; however, many patients exhibiting these symptoms do not go on to develop the disease. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, examined 22 patients who presented with oral candidiasis. Of these, 59 per cent were diagnosed with A.I.D.S. within a timeframe of one to 23 months. Conversely, none of the patients who displayed other common symptoms progressed to develop the syndrome, despite being monitored for periods ranging from five to 21 months. The researchers—affiliated with Montefiore Medical Centre, North Central Bronx Hospital, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine—concluded that the presence of this uncommon fungal infection might be a significant indicator of the likelihood of developing serious opportunistic infections, which are a defining characteristic of A.I.D.S. They noted that the unexplained occurrence of oral candidiasis could offer vital insights into the underlying causes of A.I.D.S. and the efficacy of various treatment strategies. Since the identification of A.I.D.S. in the United States, there have been over 3,000 reported cases of the disease, with more than 80 per cent of those affected dying within three years. The disease predominantly affects homosexual men and intravenous drug users. Concurrent research in France and the United States has pointed towards a virus that could potentially be implicated in the development of A.I.D.S. This new insight into oral candidiasis as a predictive factor for the disease could shift the focus of early diagnosis and treatment options.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840814_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840814.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461246400
5313,15,08,1984,"Aust. National Party Wants Boycott End (Press, 15 August 1984)","On 15 August 1984, the Australian National Party (N.P.) unveiled its strategy for the upcoming Federal election, indicating a shift towards a more independent and conservative platform that may create friction within the party and with its Coalition partner, the Liberal Party. The party's Federal Council passed a resolution calling for the cessation of all sports boycotts against South Africa, a stance that diverges sharply from the Liberal Party’s position. Federal leader Ian Sinclair announced that the N.P. would commence its election campaign immediately, focusing on various contentious issues including the alliance with the United States, defence matters, support for free enterprise, and opposition to new taxation policies like death duties. The N.P. also plans to advocate for the interests of rural and mining industries, as well as address retirement incomes. Sinclair stressed the importance of family as the fundamental societal unit, proposing to tackle issues like pornography, inappropriate benefits for partners of A.B.C. employees, overseas travel allowances for MPs’ companions, and the sanctity of marriage. Further areas the N.P. aims to tackle include Medicare, funding for independent schools, migration patterns, and Aboriginal land rights. Underlying this agenda, Queensland National Party president Sir Robert Sparkes emphasised the need to abandon sports boycotts against South Africa, arguing that engaging with all nations through sport could better influence their political conditions rather than isolating them. In Sinclair's address, he warned against the closure of United States military bases in Australia, such as Pine Gap and North West Cape, asserting their critical role in global security by maintaining nuclear balance and monitoring compliance with arms control agreements. Additionally, the party refrained from adopting a hardline approach to Aboriginal land rights, opting instead for a more flexible strategy that allows for ongoing policy development. A proposal from Western Australia to firmly oppose the current land rights system was amended to advocate for collaborative policy development led by deputy leader Ralph Hunt, in conjunction with state branches as the election approaches. This decision underscores the party's intention to present a united stance while navigating the complexities of Aboriginal rights in its electoral strategy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840815_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840815.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461332800
5312,15,08,1984,"Confidence In Staff At Mount Eden (Press, 15 August 1984)","On 15 August 1984, the Secretary for Justice, Mr Jim Callahan, publicly defended the staff at Mount Eden prison in response to severe allegations of brutality and psychological torture made by an unnamed former officer. The ex-officer claimed that there were incidents of homosexual rapes, physical assaults by guards, and corruption within the prison, which were reported to an Auckland newspaper. Callahan stated that if the allegations were indeed true and could be substantiated, they should have been raised with the department earlier. He mentioned that the allegations could still be presented in an ongoing inquiry led by a District Court judge investigating the treatment of remand inmates and the conditions in such facilities. Callahan questioned the credibility of the accuser due to the lack of evidence supporting the serious claims, emphasising that it was inappropriate to label New Zealand's justice system as corrupt based solely on unsupported allegations. He defended the integrity and humanitarian approach of prison officers, expressing his confidence in the staff at Mount Eden. The former officer who came forward disclosed a disturbing account from his three years at Mount Eden in the late 1970s, detailing how fellow guards allegedly abused a convicted sex offender through nightly beatings using rolled-up wet towels and ropes to coerce confessions from him. In a separate but related incident at the prison, it was reported that a prisoner would be transferred due to a discovered assassination plot against him by other inmates. The planned attack, which involved three inmates intent on carrying out a knife assault, was motivated by a dispute over money. The targeted inmate, aged 26, is currently serving a one-year sentence for multiple offences, including burglary and drug-related crimes. The prison officials received this intelligence and were investigating the death threat.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840815_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840815.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461332800
6703,18,08,1984,"Watching Out For The Morepork (Press, 18 August 1984)","New Zealand Short Stories, edited by Lydia Weavers and published by Oxford University Press in 1984, presents a collection of narratives that capture the essence of the New Zealand short story from 1972 to 1982. The anthology draws from a pool of over 1,000 stories, showcasing the various thematic and stylistic developments within this literary period. Tom Weston's review highlights Keri Hulme’s story “Kiteflying. Party at Doctors’ Point,” which suggests that all individuals play roles in a larger, often misunderstood narrative, emphasising the need for a playwright—representing the writer—to articulate these experiences. The review discusses the broader notion that successful writers craft narratives that surpass the readers' interpretations, effectively guiding societal perspectives. Maurice Duggan's piece, “The Magsman Miscellany,” epitomises this role, merging a sense of artistry with a profound observation of reality, capturing the intricate interplay of experiences through vivid imagery. Weavers’ collection is noted for examining the realist tradition that dominates New Zealand fiction, tracing its roots back to influential figures like Frank Sargeson. Despite a noted transition from rural to urban themes in storytelling, the essence of realism persists. C. K. Stead’s “A New Zealand Elegy” delivers a fresh perspective on adolescent experiences, while Margaret Sutherland’s “Codling-Moth” introduces nuanced themes through a story of two young Catholic girls. Yvonne du Fresne and Joy Cowley also offer skillful expressions within the realist framework. Patricia Grace's portrayal of an elderly Māori man reflects deep empathy and understanding, particularly in a poignant moment involving the splintering of a desk panel, symbolising broader cultural tensions. However, the collection also signals a growing dissatisfaction with strict realism, with new narrative forms beginning to emerge. This shift towards a more imaginative and avant-garde style is influenced by international literary movements, such as South American magical realism. Weston spotlights Russell Haley’s “The Stolen Tables,” noting its exploration of dislocation through surreal imagery, which extends beyond traditional realist storytelling. Similarly, Owen Marshall’s stories, rooted in rural settings yet infused with absurd elements, challenge conventional narrative expectations, blurring lines between reality and farce. Janet Frame’s “The Painter” presents a unique, contemplative view of suburbia, capturing moments in an almost cinematic style, while Duggan’s work reflects a lively, engaging literary voice. Overall, New Zealand Short Stories serves as a significant anthology, with a range of narratives that are both enjoyable and indicative of evolving literary directions. Weston concludes by emphasising the importance of remaining vigilant in the face of creative developments, encapsulating the invigorating spirit of the anthology and its reflection of contemporary New Zealand life through storytelling. The collection is ultimately portrayed as a clarion call for readers and writers alike to remain engaged with the evolving landscape of New Zealand literature.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840818_2_109_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840818.2.109.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461592000
7065,20,08,1984,"Male Strip Show Fans Just Want To Have Fun (Press, 20 August 1984)","On 20 August 1984, a vivid account was published detailing a women's night out at a male strip show, illustrating the mix of excitement and trepidation felt by the attendees. As the narrator and her companion Jean prepared to enter the nightclub, nervous about the event, they opted to stop for drinks first, half-joking about the stereotypes of such shows—specifically fears of male-hating or overly giggly women. Upon arrival, they noted the diverse crowd of women at the club, which included well-dressed professionals, older women, and housewives, all gathered to enjoy the performance. The comforting atmosphere was a contrast to the anticipated loudness and hysteria often associated with strip shows. Instead, the audience was calm and supportive as they watched the show unfold. The show opened with a young man in a flamboyant gangster outfit who entertained the crowd with both confidence and a touch of vulnerability, ultimately revealing his performance to much applause and encouragement from the audience. Rather than derision, the women responded with appreciation, cheering him on as he displayed his charm. The performances included various acts, from impersonators to themed characters, all with a humorous twist that elicited laughter and further involvement from the audience, who even danced during the intermission. Tension unfolded when the time came for the men to join the venue, as the husbands and boyfriends appeared at a designated time, contrasting with the vibrant energy of their partners. While some men joined in the festivities, most seemed eager to whisk their joyous partners away, unaware of the women’s desperate yearning for freedom and fun away from their traditional roles. The event poignantly underscored themes of empowerment and sisterhood, celebrating women's enjoyment and camaraderie in a setting often misunderstood. The night encapsulated the inherent desire for connection, joy, and a break from the mundane, demonstrating that women, like anyone else, revel in fun night outs, regardless of societal expectations. The night concluded with a sense of camaraderie among the women, even as their partners entered with disapproving eyes. The experience left a lasting impression, highlighting the conflict between societal norms and the individual need for enjoyment and self-expression.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840820_2_95_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840820.2.95.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461764800
5314,21,08,1984,"Individual Freedom (Press, 21 August 1984)","In a letter published on 21 August 1984, Paul Maling challenges the views expressed by Varian J. Wilson regarding attitudes towards homosexuality and the legal implications surrounding it. Maling argues that Wilson's perspective reflects an underlying bigotry, particularly in how the law is applied to homosexual acts. He contends that definitions of crime are arbitrary, with no act exempt from scrutiny. Maling highlights historical instances where individuals defied laws, such as Christ and early Christians who resisted prohibitions against Bible reading, drawing parallels to modern-day homosexuals who engage in relationships deemed unlawful by the state. Maling asserts that in New Zealand, there are likely thousands of homosexual acts occurring daily, suggesting that the legal framework targeting these acts is fundamentally flawed and unworkable. He criticises the legal system for being inconsistent and selective in its enforcement, contributing to a culture of fear and tension among citizens. This situation, according to Maling, amplifies overall human unhappiness, which is detrimental to society. He further comments on the broader implications of state authoritarianism, noting that it affects not just those directly involved with the anti-homosexual laws but the entire populace. Maling mentions that many people seek escape from this authoritarianism through various means, including drugs and entertainment, which may lead to violence or other detrimental behaviours. Ultimately, he advocates for a reconsideration of the legal treatment of homosexuality, arguing that the approach currently adopted only serves to heighten societal distress.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840821_2_118_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840821.2.118.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461851200
6930,22,08,1984,"Trying To Uncover The Real Boy George (Press, 22 August 1984)","Boy George, the iconic figure of the pop music scene, is featured in a special episode of ""Shazaam"" airing tonight on TVNZ at 7.30 p.m. The programme includes an exclusive interview conducted by Phillip Schofield in Sydney, ahead of one of Culture Club's ten concerts in Australia. The interview aims to reveal Boy George's true personality beyond the make-up, peppered with clips from the band's well-known videos, including hits like “Do You Really Want To Hurt Me,” “Karma Chameleon,” “Time,” and “It’s A Miracle.” During the interview, Boy George shares his perspective on himself, asserting that he does not view himself as strange or as a transvestite. He acknowledges the media's reaction to his appearance, confidently stating, ""I knew people would react but I also knew, given five minutes, I could convince them of my sanity."" Schofield explores Boy George's background, examining his early school experiences, which included struggles with sports, as well as his initial foray into make-up while working with the Royal Shakespeare Company. The conversation also touches on the formation of Culture Club and the band's phenomenal rise to fame. In addition to Boy George, Schofield interviews the other members of Culture Club: drummer John Moss, guitarist and keyboardist Roy Hay, bassist Mikey Craig, and backing vocalist Helen Terry. The show includes street interviews with older generations regarding their thoughts on Boy George's influence and features interactions with fans who have camped outside his hotel, showcasing the immense popularity Culture Club enjoys in New Zealand. The group faced significant demand when their Australian tour was announced, with a staggering 50,000 fans signing a petition for a concert in New Zealand. Their album ""Counting by Numbers"" has achieved triple platinum status in the country, highlighting their strong following. This special episode of ""Shazaam"" promises answers to curious fans regarding Boy George's acclaimed style and his make-up routine, making it an anticipated event for those interested in the pop phenomenon.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840822_2_69_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840822.2.69.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,461937600
5315,23,08,1984,"Frankie Beats Ban (Press, 23 August 1984)","On 23 August 1984, a news story highlighted the sensational rise of the Liverpool band Frankie Goes to Hollywood, two decades after the Beatles achieved their first No. 1 hit. The group's success can be attributed partly to a deliberate strategy of controversy, distinguishing it from the Beatles' more organic fame. Their single ""Two Tribes"" debuted at No. 1 on the charts in early July 1984, achieving a gold disc for over 500,000 sales within just eight days and breaking records for the fastest-selling single since the Beatles' ""Can't Buy Me Love"" in the early 1960s. Frankie Goes to Hollywood's earlier single, ""Relax,"" also performed exceptionally well. It had spent five weeks at No. 1 earlier in 1984 and remained on the charts for a remarkable 40 consecutive weeks, selling over 1.3 million copies. This made ""Relax"" the likely contender for the title of the most popular record of the 1980s, placing it among the top 10 best-selling singles of all time. The band’s success is thought to have been bolstered by a BBC ban on ""Relax."" When BBC DJ Mike Read stated he would no longer play the track, claiming it depicted homosexual themes, many perceived the controversy as a strategic move by the band to enhance their visibility and appeal. Historically, such bans have often propelled bands like the Rolling Stones and the Sex Pistols to greater heights in the charts, and Frankie Goes to Hollywood seemingly capitalised on this phenomenon. Lead singer Holly Johnson indicated that the band's latest single, ""Two Tribes,"" which bears a similar sound to ""Relax,"" critiques the futility of war. The single's cover art features Soviet leader Lenin on the front and images of British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and US President Ronald Reagan on the back, underscoring the nuclear tensions of the superpowers. The accompanying music video faced scrutiny for its violent content, being considered inappropriate for daytime viewing. In a staged conflict broadcast to viewers, actors representing Reagan and Soviet leader Konstantin Chernenko were depicted engaging in a mock battle, which included exaggerated actions such as Reagan biting off Chernenko's ear. Overall, the rapid ascent of Frankie Goes to Hollywood reflects not only their musical talents but also the clever use of controversy in enhancing their appeal to a youthful audience, reminiscent of tactics used by past influential bands.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840823_2_114_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840823.2.114.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,462024000
5316,01,09,1984,"A.I.D.S. Carrier Sought (Press, 1 September 1984)","On 1 September 1984, health authorities in Sydney were actively trying to identify an unknown carrier of A.I.D.S. This concern arose after it was revealed that three individuals—two men and one woman—might have contracted the disease from contaminated blood. Two of these individuals received blood from a previously identified infected homosexual donor, while the third received blood from an unknown source. This situation developed following a recent announcement that 28 children in Queensland and one man in Sydney had received tainted blood from the same known donor. New South Wales Health Minister, Mr Ron Mulock, confirmed that tests conducted in the United States on the two patients linked to the known donor were ""anti-body positive."" However, he noted that these results did not definitively indicate that the patients had A.I.D.S.; further testing was required to confirm their status. The detection of A.I.D.S. antibodies suggested that the patients might either be carrying an A.I.D.S.-like virus or may have previously contracted the disease. All three patients involved had undergone treatment and had been discharged from the hospital. In a significant development, Mr Mulock announced that a test for A.I.D.S. would be made available in New South Wales within a month. While this test was not suitable for screening blood supplies, it would aid in tracing suspected carriers of A.I.D.S. and help determine whether patients were indeed suffering from the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840901_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840901.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,462801600
5317,06,09,1984,"Rare Lymph Cancer Tied To A.I.D.S.? (Press, 6 September 1984)","A study published on 6 September 1984 highlights a concerning increase in a rare form of lymph cancer among homosexual men, which researchers suggest may be linked to the ongoing AIDS epidemic. Since the AIDS outbreak began four years ago, an unusual skin tumour called Kaposi’s Sarcoma has been identified as common among those infected with the disease. The latest research indicates that these individuals also face a significantly higher risk of developing a particularly aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Dr John Ziegler from the University of California, San Francisco, who led the study, noted that “a second malignancy is now clearly associated” with the immune deficiency caused by AIDS. The researchers identified 90 cases of this lymph cancer in cities like San Francisco, Los Angeles, Houston, and New York since 1980, with over half diagnosed in the previous year alone. Although the total of 90 cases does not constitute an outright epidemic, Dr Ziegler remarked on the notable increase, given the rarity of the cancer. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, revealed that 62 percent of those affected had aggressive forms of lymphoma that did not respond well to treatment. Data from the study shows a stark rise in lymphoma cases among never-married men aged 20 to 49 in San Francisco, with reports of two cases from 1975 to 1979 and ten cases between 1980 and 1983. The findings further detail the progression of the disease among patients: 33 individuals presented swollen lymph glands prior to their cancer diagnosis, with 14 eventually developing AIDS. In contrast, 29 had already been diagnosed with AIDS when lymphoma was detected, and in another 13 cases, the cancer was discovered only during autopsy examinations. There were also 15 individuals who showed no AIDS symptoms when their cancer was diagnosed, yet 12 of them subsequently developed the disease. AIDS patients' compromised immune systems make them increasingly vulnerable to various other diseases. Most AIDS cases recorded have been among male homosexuals, and it is thought that transmission occurs primarily through sexual contact or blood products, rather than through casual interactions. This rising trend in lymph cancer cases underscores the broader implications of the AIDS crisis and highlights the urgent need for further research and understanding of related health risks within affected populations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840906_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840906.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,463233600
5318,08,09,1984,"Baby Killer’s Story Told In Series (Press, 8 September 1984)","A television drama series focusing on the notorious case of Minnie Dean, known as the baby farm killer, is set to be filmed in Ashburton. The series will feature stories from the life of Alfred Hanlon, K.C., who famously defended Dean during her trial. Although Hanlon lost the case, which resulted in Dean being hanged, it significantly boosted his reputation as a criminal lawyer. The show will air on Television New Zealand next winter. For the production, the Pleasant Point Railway and Historical Society is providing a vintage 1906 birdcage carriage to be used as a prop at Ashburton’s Plains railway station. This station has been retrofitted to resemble Lumsden station from the mid-1880s, coinciding with the timeline of Dean's crimes. Television producer Lex Van Os indicated that a key scene will dramatise the moment a railway guard became suspicious of Dean after witnessing her board a train with a baby and disembark without it, prompting him to alert the police. British actor David Gwillim is cast as Alfred Hanlon, while Australian actress Robyn Nevin will portray Minnie Dean. Filming commenced five weeks prior, and Ashburton marks the first location in the South Island for the series. In other news, commentary on the Ranfurly Shield match between Canterbury and Wairarapa-Bush is set to be broadcast by radio stations 3YC and 2ZD at 3 p.m. The current series ""Fame"" will conclude on Television One, making way for a new show titled ""Hollywood or Bust,"" hosted by Bruce Forsyth. Additionally, ""Gliding On"" will end, giving room to a new season of ""McPhail and Gadsby."" Michael Jackson has publicly denied rumors regarding his sexual orientation in response to media speculation about his personal life. The 26-year-old singer stated that he plans to marry and start a family in the future. His manager, Frank Dileo, has indicated that publications spreading false stories about Jackson could face legal action. Jackson also clarified that he has never used hormones to maintain his voice or undergone cosmetic eye surgery. In a lighter story, actor Gary Merrill, aged 69, has garnered attention for his choice to wear a skirt for comfort during hot weather. Merrill, who was previously married to Bette Davis, explained that the decision was motivated by his experiences on the golf course. He emphasized that men wearing skirts is not uncommon in many cultures, citing examples from Scotland, India, and Egypt. Lastly, a two-hour programme titled ""Children in Crisis"" will air on Sunday on Television Two, aiming to raise funds for children in Africa. Viewers can pledge their support by calling designated numbers in various regions, including Ashburton, where the previously published contact number was incorrect. Additionally, British TV licence fees, currently at $120 for colour sets and $40 for black and white, are set to increase following negotiations between the BBC and the British Government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840908_2_102_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840908.2.102.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,463406400
7032,10,09,1984,"Sex Change A School Problem (Press, 10 September 1984)","A 16-year-old Pakistani youth named Sajjad Haider Siddiq, who underwent surgery to change his sex from female to male, is facing difficulties in enrolling in a boys' school in Pakistan. Reports indicate that because most Pakistani schools do not offer coeducation beyond the fifth grade, Siddiq needs to apply to a boys' school for his eleventh grade. However, school officials are confused about his unusual sex change and have rejected his application. Siddiq was previously known as Shahnaz Siddiq and attended school as a girl until the end of his tenth grade. The youth, who lives in Faisalabad, located 400 km southeast of Islamabad, sought assistance from the Government's department for school examinations to have his name and gender changed on his tenth-grade school certificate. Unfortunately, his request was denied, with officials stating, ""We have no such precedent."" The situation highlights the lack of existing regulations concerning gender changes in educational records in Pakistan. Consequently, the government will need to develop new policies, a process anticipated to take considerable time. In the meantime, Siddiq has been instructed to wait.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840910_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840910.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,463579200
5319,12,09,1984,"A.I.D.S. Question (Press, 12 September 1984)","In a letter published on 12 September 1984, P.S. Watson expresses agreement with V.J. Gaddes, who had previously commented on A.I.D.S. Watson suggests that A.I.D.S. could be viewed as nature's way of addressing human actions that defy its laws. He advocates for an understanding of the power of nature and proposes the creation of a ""religion"" that emphasises respect for natural laws. According to Watson, such understanding would contribute to making the world a better place. In contrast, Christopher J. Topp responds to Gaddes's views, highlighting the contradictions in interpreting sexual behaviour as both a private choice and a violation of nature. Topp argues that nature offers individuals various choices regarding sexual behaviour, with inherent advantages and disadvantages. He points out that Gaddes’s argument fails to consider other groups affected by A.I.D.S., like drug users and Haitians, implying that it is inappropriate to categorise their situations as violations of nature. Topp’s viewpoint suggests a broader understanding of the complexities surrounding A.I.D.S. beyond just the context of homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840912_2_106_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840912.2.106.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,463752000
5320,12,09,1984,"New Parliament ‘likely To Be More Liberal’ (Press, 12 September 1984)","A survey published in the September-October issue of ""Pink Triangle,"" a newspaper catering to the lesbian and gay community, indicates that most new members of Parliament in New Zealand would support the decriminalisation of male homosexual acts. Conducted in early August 1984, the survey found a shift towards more liberal views in the new Parliament compared to its predecessor. Out of 26 new members, 23 were contacted via telephone for their views. The breakdown showed that 17 were from the Labour Party, five from the National Party, and one from Social Credit. The survey revealed that 15 respondents expressed support for amending the Crimes Act to decriminalise male homosexual behaviour, while the same number also showed favour for changes to the Human Rights Commission Act to include sexual orientation as a basis for discrimination complaints regarding employment, housing, and access to goods and services. The findings suggest a general willingness from members of Parliament to engage with the survey, with two members indicating they would conduct polls in their electorates on these issues and base their votes on the results. The report pointed out that the departure of several long-time opponents of gay rights, including Dail Jones, David Thomson, Mick Connelly, Ben Couch, Sir Richard Harrison, and Brian Mac Donnell, has weakened the conservative lobbying faction in Parliament. Furthermore, the survey highlighted a demographic shift with the new Parliament consisting of younger members and a greater representation of women, adding to the likelihood of more progressive legislation regarding gay rights. Overall, the findings reflect a potential for significant legislative changes concerning the rights and recognition of the gay community in New Zealand as the country moves towards a more liberal political climate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840912_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840912.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,463752000
5321,14,09,1984,". . . And Six Milking Cows (Press, 14 September 1984)","On 14 September 1984, a discussion took place in the Australian Parliament regarding the eligibility of removal expenses for a Texan homosexual who might move to Australia to be with his boyfriend considering a job application with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (A.B.C.). Communications Minister Mr Michael Duffy addressed the House, clarifying that the recent extension of staff entitlements for married and de facto relationships to include homosexual partners did not apply to the scenario presented by Tasmanian Liberal backbencher Mr Ray Groom. In Groom's letter, which he read aloud during a Budget debate, he mentioned a recent gay convention he attended in the United States and the implications for his boyfriend, who would potentially relocate from Texas. Groom's playful remarks noted that the boyfriend would need financial assistance to transfer personal belongings, such as a grand piano and six milking cows, which he referred to as part of the family. The situation he described included the necessity for the boyfriend to travel first class in the non-smoking section due to his fragile health, prompting laughter from those present in the House. Mr Duffy clarified that the A.B.C.'s policy of providing financial support for transfer and removal expenses was not applicable to the case presented, stating that such situations would have to be managed by individuals themselves. He asserted that the extension of entitlements was ""totally unrelated"" to Groom's circumstances, reinforcing the idea that not all personal relocations would qualify for assistance under the new guidelines set by the A.B.C.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840914_2_86_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840914.2.86.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,463924800
6704,14,09,1984,"Female Support At Births Urged (Press, 14 September 1984)","Dr Martin Richards, a British expert in child development, addressed the changing dynamics of childbirth and parental roles during his visit to Christchurch on 14 September 1984. He expressed concern that men have increasingly dominated the childbirth process, historically a woman's domain, which he believes undermines the solidarity women experience during this significant event. Dr Richards highlighted how the presence of fathers at births has dramatically increased from 5% to about 80% over the past 20 years. He cautioned women to consider the implications of having men present, suggesting that it might not always be in their best interest. Dr Richards critiqued the traditional necessity of an obstetrician's presence during childbirth, arguing that most births are uncomplicated and that women could benefit more from support provided by midwives. He stated that midwives could offer greater emotional support compared to male obstetricians, who often create a clinical and impersonal atmosphere. Dr Richards also addressed the controversy surrounding home births, arguing that there is little justification for insisting that deliveries take place in hospitals when women are otherwise healthy. He indicated that the bureaucratic nature of maternity hospitals might often lead to a dehumanising experience for mothers. He is an advocate for the need to reassess the roles of fathers, noting that, despite societal expectations, children can thrive without their biological fathers present. He cited research indicating that children raised by lesbian couples can develop just as well as those in traditional family structures. Dr Richards contended that current legal perceptions about child custody often rely on outdated prejudices and called for a shift in the burden of proof, placing the onus on those arguing against non-traditional family setups. Additionally, Dr Richards is involved in establishing a community mediation service in Britain to assist families in resolving disputes without resorting to court. His extensive background in child development research since 1962 underscores his commitment to advancing understanding in this field. During his stay in New Zealand, he will conduct workshops and lectures across various institutions, sharing insights from his ongoing research and observations. In essence, Dr Richards advocates for a more supportive and maternal-focused approach to childbirth, challenges longstanding views of fatherhood, and promotes the idea that children can thrive in diverse family environments. His work aims to reshape perceptions and practices surrounding parenthood, childcare, and the evolving family dynamics in contemporary society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840914_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840914.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,463924800
5323,18,09,1984,"A.I.D.S. Expected In Heterosexuals (Press, 18 September 1984)","In a significant statement regarding the spread of the virus believed to cause Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Dr Robert Gallo from the National Cancer Institute indicated that the virus, known as H.T.L.V. 3, has dispersed more widely than initially anticipated. He highlighted that it is likely to be found beyond the previously identified high-risk groups, which predominantly include homosexual men, haemophiliacs, Haitians, and intravenous drug users. Dr Gallo reaffirmed, however, that he does not consider AIDS to be on the verge of becoming an epidemic. During a symposium on cancer held in Boston, Dr Gallo revealed findings suggesting that the virus is now detectable in a variety of locations, including the United States, Australia, Finland, Britain, Italy, Germany, and certain African nations. He noted, “What we have is evidence in the last six months that the virus has spread much more than we had originally believed possible.” He added that a small fraction of individuals showing signs of infection with the H.T.L.V. 3 virus are expected to develop AIDS, as explained by Dr Jerome Groopman from Boston’s New England Deaconess Hospital. Both medical professionals cautioned against fearing an oncoming epidemic among the heterosexual population. Dr Gallo speculated that the virus, or a family of related viruses, may have originated in Africa, potentially transmitted to the Americas through the slave trade. According to statistics reported by the Centres for Disease Control by September 3, 1984, there had been 5,896 reported cases of AIDS in the United States since 1979, with 2,688 deaths, representing 46 percent of diagnosed cases. In related developments, scientists working with the Chiron Corporation in San Francisco reported progress in their research aimed at creating an experimental vaccine against AIDS. They indicated that with successful cloning of the virus's genes, they could be ready to begin testing a vaccine designed to protect healthy individuals from contracting the disease within six to eight months. Following the vaccine development, animal and human trials would then take place, a process that could extend over several months or years before any potential approval for widespread use. Overall, these advancements underline the urgency and complexity of addressing the AIDS crisis, while underscoring the varied transmission patterns of the virus and the ongoing research efforts aimed at finding viable prevention techniques.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840918_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840918.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,464270400
5322,18,09,1984,"Party Told To Reject Conscience Votes (Press, 18 September 1984)","On 18 September 1984, Callum Reid, the president of Labour Youth, called for the Labour Party to eliminate conscience voting and establish clear and binding policies on all issues, particularly concerning abortion and homosexual law reform. He emphasised that as the governing party, Labour needed to demonstrate moral leadership in New Zealand. Reid's statements were made in response to comments from G. B. Braybrooke, the Labour MP for Napier, who expressed that he would resign from the party if his right to a conscience vote was revoked. Braybrooke referred to a recent Labour Party conference where a discussion was held regarding conscience voting, suggesting that efforts against it were influenced by advocates for abortion rights. Ultimately, the conference delegates recommended that the caucus reevaluate its procedures, possibly requiring members who wish to exercise conscience votes to first justify their stance to the caucus. Reid dismissed Braybrooke's comments as unproductive to the debate. He reiterated that Labour Youth holds firm views on various issues and intends to advocate for them within the party and to the public, despite opposing opinions from figures like Braybrooke. He highlighted existing party policies, such as those concerning wealth distribution and nuclear disarmament, framing them as moral issues, and insisted that the Labour Party should be clear about its position on traditional conscience matters. Specifically, Reid insisted that the Labour Party should affirm women's right to choose abortion and advocate for government funding for such procedures. He further called for recognition of the rights of all individuals, regardless of sexuality, to live free from oppressive moral laws and government intervention. Reid's stance reflects a progressive view that seeks comprehensive policies on critical social issues within the Labour Party framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840918_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840918.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,464270400
7818,19,09,1984,"Tribute To Ms Waring (Press, 19 September 1984)","On 19 September 1984, it was announced that parliamentary reporter Ms Marilyn Waring would receive a personal tribute during a suffrage celebration. This event is set to take place at the Beehive, hosted by the Minister of Women’s Affairs, Mrs Hercus, alongside Waipa MP, Mrs Katherine O’Regan. The celebration has been organised by various women's organisations, including Media Women and the Women’s Electoral Lobby. A key highlight of the evening will be the launch of a Women’s Trust Fund, further emphasizing the commitment to advancing women's issues and rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840919_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840919.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,464356800
5324,22,09,1984,"Soviet Emigre Turns Sour (Press, 22 September 1984)","Edward Limonov, a notable figure in Russian literature, presents his fictional memoir ""It's me, Eddie,"" which has stirred controversy among emigre circles due to its provocative content. Originally published in Russian in 1979, the memoir reflects Limonov's experiences as a Russian emigrant in New York after leaving the Soviet Union in 1974. In the U.S., he juggled various jobs including waiter and steelworker while documenting his gritty life in this book. Limonov's writing adopts a rebellious and punk tone, echoing influences from writers like Henry Miller. He employs graphic and explicit depictions of his sexual encounters, both heterosexual and homosexual, as well as vivid portrayals of the harsh realities of urban American life. His disdain for both Soviet and American societies is apparent; he critiqued both as neglectful of individual human experience, articulating a deep sense of frustration and existential crisis. The memoir is marked by Limonov's crude language and aggressive explorations of identity, struggling as an emigre to find his place away from his roots. His passionate expressions of individuality through bisexuality and the written word are juxtaposed against a backdrop of despair. However, the relentless use of coarse language and uncensored descriptions risks alienating readers and can feel excessive, leading to a sense of weariness rather than empathy over time. The reviewer, John Goodliffe, expresses a certain skepticism regarding the memoir's authenticity and the sincerity of Limonov’s intentions, suggesting a possible commercial motive behind its provocative nature. He acknowledges that while the memoir might be intended to convey a mix of humour and sadness, he finds it lacking in genuine refreshment or honesty, ultimately lamenting that such a talented writer seems constrained to produce such a work for survival. The book illustrates a painful narrative of dislocation and desperation, capturing an emigre's lament for a lost identity while challenging readers to grapple with the unvarnished realities of life on the fringes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840922_2_126_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840922.2.126.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,464616000
6705,27,09,1984,"Greenham Togetherness Impresses N. Z. Women (Press, 27 September 1984)","On 27 September 1984, Maynie Thompson, a retired dental nurse from New Zealand, took part in a significant protest at Greenham Common, a cruise missile base in Berkshire, England. Alongside approximately 5,000 women, including 11 from New Zealand, Thompson joined veterans from the Greenham Common peace camp to mark the camp's third anniversary. The protest was timed to coincide with NATO's exercise Lionheart taking place in Germany. Thompson provided insight into the activism at the site, expressing disbelief at the disparity between the success women experienced in their efforts and the lack of global progress. She recounted her experience with the police, describing a moment when she was roughly removed from a blockade but reassured others that it wasn't overly serious. The shared spirit among the women at Greenham Common impressed her, as they demonstrated cohesion and camaraderie. Thompson highlighted one particular imaginative action where seeds were blown onto barren areas of the base as a symbol of life, reflecting the creative and meaningful nature of their protests. She remarked on the media's misrepresentation of the women at the camp, countering the narrative that depicted them only as militant activists. Instead, she emphasized the diversity and warmth of the participants. The New Zealand women were living in makeshift tents near the base, experiencing the camp environment, which Thompson described as relatively tidy despite some regular campers residing in less comfortable conditions. Kit Nelson, another participant from Waiheke Island, echoed Thompson's sentiments about the inspiring spirit of the women. She noted that their presence offered hope, especially in light of New Zealand's recent political shifts regarding nuclear policy. Nelson illustrated the stark contrast between the camp's natural beauty and the utilitarian nature of the military base, which she likened to a ""concentration camp."" The group of New Zealand women garnered considerable media attention, being featured on platforms like ITV and the BBC, as well as in various newspapers. The Guardian captured images of them with signs identifying their origin and sharing moments of warmth, such as brewing tea around a fire by the base's entrance. Over the preceding days, police had made around 20 arrests amid the gatherings, but according to a police spokesman, the protests were manageable without major incidents. A group of women, however, did face restraint after breaching a section of the base's fencing. The protests were scheduled to continue until the following Sunday, underscoring the dedication and resolve of those involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840927_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840927.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,465048000
7104,28,09,1984,"Council Ban On Hiring Gays (Press, 28 September 1984)","On 28 September 1984, it was reported that the Rugby local authority in Warwickshire, England, has made headlines for banning the hiring of homosexuals. This decision comes after the Conservative-controlled council voted to repeal a regulation that previously prohibited discrimination against homosexuals in employment. According to the London tabloid ""The Sun,"" council police committee chairman Gordon Collett expressed strong opposition to employing gay individuals, citing discomfort with their appearances and asserting that it's time to draw a line against what he described as a ""permissive society."" Collett stated, ""We’re not having men turn up for work in dresses and earrings around here,"" indicating a firm stance against accepting homosexuals in the workplace, regardless of their qualifications. He acknowledged that while gay individuals may possess excellent qualifications and be the best candidates for the job, the council prioritises its stance against employing homosexuals over these factors. Importantly, the council has assured that any existing employees who may identify as gay will not be dismissed; however, Collett expressed uncertainty about whether any such employees exist, stating, ""If there are any, I certainly don’t know about it."" The decision has drawn criticism, particularly from the council's Labour minority leader, Jeff Coupe, who described the council's stance as ""irresponsible, insensitive, and tasteless."" The Equal Opportunities Commission also commented on the situation, clarifying that it had no jurisdiction to intervene since there is currently no legislation that addresses discrimination based on sexual orientation. This incident reflects the broader societal challenges regarding homosexuality and discrimination during the 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840928_2_70_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840928.2.70.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,465134400
5325,29,09,1984,"Herpes-related Virus Common (Press, 29 September 1984)","A little-known virus linked to herpes, known as cytomegalovirus (C.M.V.), poses significant health risks, particularly to unborn children in New Zealand, according to estimates cited by researcher Dr. Martin Tobias on 29 September 1984. Each year, the virus is estimated to contribute to the birth of around 50 children with mental retardation or deformities. Dr. Tobias noted that C.M.V. is responsible for 50 to 100 cases of congenital deafness and is connected to neurological disorders. Furthermore, it may be associated with the incidence of certain cancers linked to A.I.D.S. In a related report from Sydney, health experts indicated that nearly all homosexual men and approximately half of the heterosexual population are infected with C.M.V., highlighting its alarming spread as a sexually transmitted disease. While the virus can be transmitted through sexual contact, a significant number of infections in children occur through maternal transmission. Currently, no vaccine exists to protect against C.M.V. Dr. Tobias emphasised that while C.M.V. typically causes no symptoms in adults, it poses severe risks to specific groups: unborn children, premature or sick babies, and individuals with compromised immune systems, such as A.I.D.S. patients or those undergoing kidney transplants. The congenital risks arise primarily when a pregnant mother contracts the virus; estimates suggest this happens in about 2% of yearly births, leading to transmission through the placenta in about half of those cases. Infected infants may experience brain damage, deformities like enlarged organs, or minor neurological defects, including hearing loss. Maternal infections prior to pregnancy typically do not pose significant risks to the foetus, as the mother’s antibodies confer some immunity. Additionally, transmission can occur during birth and through breast milk, with about 20% of children infected by several months old, often without serious symptoms. Dr. Tobias mentioned that infections frequently occur after adolescence through activities like kissing and sexual contact, with most adults experiencing minor ailments like glandular fever. Dr. Tobias noted that homosexual men are particularly vulnerable due to practices that can lead to higher rates of infection, and a significant concern remains the association with A.I.D.S. Strong evidence indicates that C.M.V. may contribute to Kaposi’s Sarcoma, a form of cancer prevalent among A.I.D.S. patients. Efforts to develop a vaccine for C.M.V. are ongoing, though Dr. Tobias estimated that it could be five to ten years before one is available. In the meantime, he advocates for screening blood transfusions for pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals to mitigate infection risks. The New Zealand Health Department recognises C.M.V. but has historically prioritised research on diseases with available vaccines, such as rubella. However, as rubella control improves, C.M.V. may receive more attention in future health initiatives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19840929_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19840929.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,465220800
5326,06,10,1984,"Sir Johannes Knows Where He’s Going — Right! (Press, 6 October 1984)","Bikini-clad performers from Queensland have been entertaining people in Christchurch this week, promoting tourism. Concurrently, Queensland's Premier, Sir Johannes Bjelke-Petersen, has been engaging in promotional efforts in Europe. Bjelke-Petersen, known colloquially as Joh, has been in power since the state was effectively gerrymandered to solidify his position and was recently honoured with a knighthood. At 74 years old, he remains an active and sometimes controversial figure in Australian politics, advocating for foreign investment and the expansion of business opportunities in Queensland. Bjelke-Petersen's push for development has raised eyebrows, particularly regarding plans to drill for oil in the Great Barrier Reef, despite significant environmental concerns. His charm and youthful appearance have impressed many in London, but his conservative views have struck a discordant note with more progressive groups. He has openly expressed disdain for the homosexual community, describing participants at a national conference in Queensland as ""insulting, evil animals,"" and opposes movements aimed at improving the conditions of Aboriginal people. His administration is famously known for its strict laws that effectively ban street demonstrations unless permits are granted, leading to numerous protests and clashes with the police in Brisbane. Bjelke-Petersen also supports various questionable figures in business, like Mr Horvarth, who promised to create a hydrogen-powered car, but whose whereabouts became uncertain, and Milan Brych, a controversial figure now in prison for fraud. Despite a long tenure marked by oppressive policies against opponents and demonstrators, he has plans to further exploit Queensland's natural resources, including logging in untouched rainforests, attracting the attention of conservationists. His leadership style has been marked by a willingness to demolish historical sites in Brisbane, prioritising development over preservation, as seen with the destruction of the Bellevue Hotel. Bjelke-Petersen’s vision for Queensland focuses heavily on commercial viability, including a bid for the 1992 Olympics, suggesting he intends to stay in power until that event, which could serve as a capstone for his administration. He believes he can restore prestige to his region and where necessary exercises a heavy hand against opposition. As he navigates his responsibilities, he appreciates modern conveniences, as illustrated by his acquisition of a luxurious aircraft to further his travels around the state, viewing this expenditure as progress. In the eyes of his supporters, Bjelke-Petersen represents a bold advocate for Queensland's interests. However, critics portray him as a staunch detractor of civil liberties, whose governance style could reshape the very fabric of Queenslandian society. Overall, as the political landscape evolves, Bjelke-Petersen's tenure continues to leave a significant mark on Australian politics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841006_2_125_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841006.2.125.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,465825600
7153,11,10,1984,"Attitude To A.I.D.S. A Threat, Says Expert (Press, 11 October 1984)","On 11 October 1984, an expert in the psychology of A.I.D.S., Mr. David Miller, expressed concerns regarding the New Zealand Government's complacent approach towards the potential A.I.D.S. epidemic. Speaking in Auckland, Miller, who is based at St Mary’s Hospital in London, warned that the current ""head-in-the-sand"" mentality could jeopardise efforts to control the disease in New Zealand. He pointed out that while smaller organisations, such as the A.I.D.S. Support Network, were actively working to raise awareness of A.I.D.S., the Government and medical authorities were not taking sufficient action. Miller emphasised the need for urgent measures, recommending the establishment of a diagnostic resource link with the United States and the monitoring of high-risk individuals within New Zealand. He noted that the Health Department had a unique opportunity to learn from the experiences of the US and London before the country faced a significant number of A.I.D.S. cases. Miller alluded to a previous situation in London, where the number of A.I.D.S. cases had doubled every six months, suggesting that New Zealand could face a similar situation if proactive steps were not taken. Additionally, Bruce Burnett, co-ordinator of the A.I.D.S. Support Network, announced that Auckland was expected to see the opening of its first clinic specifically for homosexually transmitted diseases within the next month. This development highlighted growing awareness and action at the community level, contrasting with the perceived inaction of governmental bodies. The alarm raised by Miller underscored the urgency of tackling A.I.D.S. as a public health issue in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841011_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841011.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,466257600
5327,11,10,1984,"Sexual Diseases Now Of ‘epidemic Proportions’ (Press, 11 October 1984)","On 11 October 1984, it was reported that sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Australia have reached epidemic levels, significantly contributing to birth deformities and infertility, according to Dr Basil Donovan, vice-president of the National Venereology Council. During the Australian Medical Writers’ Association’s first annual conference, Dr Donovan urged for a national inquiry into the prevalence and control of these diseases, stating that they represent the greatest public health problem faced by Australia. He expressed concern that health authorities are largely ignoring the situation while society responds with moralistic attitudes. Dr Donovan highlighted alarming statistics about the notification of STDs in Australia, claiming that less than 10 percent of cases were officially reported. He explained that chlamydia, often referred to as non-specific urethritis, is currently the most widespread STD, predominantly affecting men while often remaining untreated in women due to a lack of symptoms. He indicated that this infection is responsible for about one-third of infertility cases among Australian couples, as it leads to pelvic inflammatory disease in women. The doctor further elaborated on the alarming rise of STDs in recent years, drawing parallels to trends observed in the United States. He noted a staggering 1000 percent increase in the incidence of genital herpes over the past decade. Additionally, he pointed out that cervical cancer, now recognised as an STD, is reaching epidemic levels in the Western world, with a growing number of cases of genital warts, which are believed to be linked to this type of cancer. Dr Donovan also discussed the presence of cytomegalovirus, a herpes-related virus now found in all homosexuals and half of the heterosexual population. While it usually does not produce symptoms, this virus is responsible for a range of health issues, including congenital retardation and deformities in infants, conditions that can be more severe than those caused by the rubella virus. Moreover, Dr Donovan addressed the increasing number of AIDS cases in Australia and projected that this trend would continue for the next five years. He noted that homosexual men face an 80 percent lifetime risk of contracting hepatitis B, a virus that can lead to chronic liver disease, subsequently resulting in cirrhosis and liver cancer. Dr Donovan's statements paint a concerning picture of the state of sexually transmitted diseases in Australia, emphasising the urgent need for awareness, better reporting, and effective public health measures to combat these increasingly prevalent health issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841011_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841011.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,466257600
6706,17,10,1984,"Quest Organisers Seek Near-perfect ’woman (Press, 17 October 1984)","Organisers of the Miss America competition announced on 16 October 1984 that contestants for the upcoming pageant would be required to sign new morality clauses as part of their entry conditions. One significant requirement is that contestants must swear they have never been male, ensuring that all participants are biologically female. This new clause follows an incident this year when Vanessa Williams, the first black Miss America, had to resign after nude photographs of her surfaced in ""Penthouse"" magazine, revealing her in compromising situations prior to her participation in the pageant. In addition to the stipulation regarding gender, the new rules mandate that contestants must declare they have never engaged in any activities deemed dishonest, immoral, immodest, indecent, or in bad taste. They are also prohibited from participating in acts of moral turpitude. Furthermore, they must attest that they have never been married, had children, or lived in what is considered a marital state, thereby reaffirming a standard of leading a “decent” life. Approximately 80,000 women are expected to compete in next year's Miss America pageant, and they will be required to provide their word of honour on these strict moral guidelines. Organisers acknowledged the difficulty of creating a comprehensive morality statement due to the broad spectrum of human behaviour, indicating that listing every possible situation would result in an excessively lengthy document. The imposition of these new rules is seen as a direct response to the controversy surrounding Williams, highlighting the pageant's efforts to maintain a certain image and standard among its contestants.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841017_2_76_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841017.2.76.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,466776000
5328,19,10,1984,"Americans Fear Murderers Who Kill For Pleasure (Press, 19 October 1984)","In an article from 19 October 1984, William Scobie reports on a troubling phenomenon in the United States: the rise of serial murderers, described by some law enforcement officials as ""recreational killers"" and by California Attorney-General John van de Kamp as ""serial murderers."" These individuals have emerged prominently over the past two decades, distinct from ""kamikaze"" mass murderers who act under sudden emotional distress and kill indiscriminately. In contrast, serial murderers derive pleasure from their actions and can operate undetected for years, accumulating significant numbers of victims. The focus is on Henry Lee Lucas, a notorious serial murderer currently under a death sentence in Texas, who claims to have committed 360 murders across the country, although law enforcement has verified 144 of these cases. Lucas, a one-eyed vagrant, is being considered for a nationwide tour to assist police in solving numerous cold cases. In exchange for his cooperation, which includes videotaping the details of his killings, Lucas is being given his preferred drink, a strawberry milkshake. He recently conducted a 4000-mile journey through California, recounting about 67 murders he allegedly committed in the state, with police confirming that he provided details known only to the killer. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (F.B.I.) estimates that serial killers, including Lucas, were responsible for approximately 5,000 murders in the United States in the previous year, projecting similar figures for 1984. The grave concern is voiced by F.B.I. investigators who describe this trend as an epidemic uniquely American, with fewer than 50 serial killers identified globally over the past two decades, compared to around 120 in the U.S. The article discusses potential reasons for the increasing frequency of these murders, based on psychological studies of the killers' backgrounds. Key factors identified include severe childhood trauma from abusive caregivers, a desire for revenge that manifests in killing, psychological gratification derived from breaking a victim's trust, and a history of exposure to violent and sadistic media. The profiles of serial killers often indicate early experiences of violence, which shape their later criminal behaviour. Examples provided include Theodore Bundy, who killed about 40 young women and girls, and described his victims in dehumanizing terms, and Ottis Toole, who admitted to murdering at least 50 young men while likening the act to a habit like smoking. These insights suggest a complex interplay between early life experiences of brutality, internalised violence, and psychological motivations that drive these individuals to commit heinous acts of murder.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841019_2_87_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841019.2.87.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,466948800
5329,20,10,1984,"A.I.D.S. Victim Kept Under Surveillance (Press, 20 October 1984)","On 20 October 1984, it was reported that the Health Department in Wellington is monitoring a 27-year-old individual diagnosed with A.I.D.S. who has recently arrived from Sydney. According to Dr Ellie Garden, the Medical Officer of Health, the man is not in need of hospitalisation. She indicated that the risk to the public in Wellington is low, provided the man refrains from sexual activity and does not attempt to donate blood. Dr Garden observed that A.I.D.S. primarily affects homosexual men and noted that while people cannot be guaranteed complete safety—similar to the common cold—the possibility of transmission in this case remains minimal. Dr Garden explained that A.I.D.S. is a viral infection that compromises the immune system, leaving individuals vulnerable to other diseases, with a chance of recovery from these ailments being uncertain. She stressed that the only potential ""cure"" lies in the body's ability to heal itself. Even if a patient manages to recover from an illness, the presence of the A.I.D.S. virus continues to pose a risk for subsequent infections. The Health Department's monitoring efforts followed the revelation from the A.I.D.S. Support Network, which aimed to prevent misinformation surrounding the individual. Dr Garden stated that the affected man is receiving support from this network, which encourages him to avoid engaging in activities that could spread the virus. It is noted that A.I.D.S. is a notifiable disease, and the man had proactively informed the Health Department about his arrival last week after receiving treatment in Sydney. The New South Wales health authorities had also notified Wellington health officials of his plans to return to New Zealand, which meant his arrival was anticipated.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841020_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841020.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467035200
5330,23,10,1984,"Homosexual Law Reform Wanted (Press, 23 October 1984)","In Auckland, secondary school teachers are advocating for their union to pursue homosexual law reform due to concerns about existing legislation being hypocritical and discriminatory. Many educators feel that current laws hinder their ability to appropriately address and support students questioning their sexuality. This sentiment was echoed in a recent vote by the Auckland region of the Post-Primary Teachers’ Association (P.P.T.A.), which passed a motion by 56 votes to 50 to push for reform. Maryan Street, the regional chairman, highlighted that many teachers avoid discussing the subject with students due to potential legal ramifications. She pointed out that it is problematic for teachers to counsel students who society may deem ""illegal,"" which complicates their ability to engage with adolescents exploring their sexual identity. Street noted that the pressure to conceal true feelings often leads to frustration and behavioural issues among students. The proposal, initiated by Hillary College, will be forwarded to the national executive of the P.P.T.A. for further consideration. Street clarified that the intent behind advocating for reform is not to promote homosexuality but to ensure that all students are treated equally under the law. She articulated a desire for students to have the freedom to express their identities without feeling coerced into conforming to societal expectations. While there was no opposition to the idea that reform would encourage moral decline, some critics suggested that the issue should be managed by parents and individuals instead of being taken up by the P.P.T.A. Street acknowledged that while the topic is not new, there is an increasing openness to discussing it. According to her, students often feel more comfortable approaching teachers about sensitive issues rather than parents, as teachers do not have to contend with the same personal dynamics. In addition, the P.P.T.A.’s sexual equality advisory committee is working on a document addressing the rights of homosexual teachers. Committee chairman Helen Watson indicated that the terms and conditions of service currently discriminate against not only homosexual teachers but also single individuals and those who are not legally married. The discussions around these issues reflect an evolving understanding of sexual identity and the necessity for a supportive environment within educational institutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841023_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841023.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467294400
7279,23,10,1984,"Public Health ‘not Threatened’ (Press, 23 October 1984)","On 23 October 1984, the A.I.D.S. Support Network in Wellington addressed public concerns regarding a local man diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.). The network collaborated with the Health Department to alleviate fears that the individual posed a threat to public health. Following a number of enquiries about the nature of A.I.D.S., a representative from the support group clarified misconceptions about the disease’s transmission. The spokesman noted that, while A.I.D.S. can be transmitted through blood transfusions and intimate sexual contact, it does not pose a risk through ordinary social interactions. Activities such as sharing meals, shaking hands, or using the same toilet do not facilitate the transmission of the disease. The spokesman further asserted that it is misleading to categorise A.I.D.S. as highly infectious, contrasting it with diseases like measles and chicken pox, which are indeed highly contagious. However, Dr Ellie Garden, the Medical Officer of Health, reiterated the notion that A.I.D.S. is highly infectious in relation to sexual contact and blood transfusions. She acknowledged that the risks associated with other social situations mentioned by the support network are likely low but indicated that there remains uncertainty within the medical community regarding transmission. This dialogue highlights the ongoing efforts to educate the public about A.I.D.S. and to dispel fears rooted in misunderstanding of the disease’s transmission methods.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841023_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841023.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467294400
7370,23,10,1984,"T.m.t.’s 1000th Programme (Press, 23 October 1984)","On 23 October 1984, “The Mainland Touch” reached a significant milestone by airing its 1000th programme. The show first premiered on 31 March 1980, featuring an interview with the contentious priest Father Felix Donnelly. Initially, “T.M.T.” was a half-hour programme broadcast at 7.30 p.m. However, in 1982, the show was shortened and integrated into the 6.30 p.m. news hour. Simon Williams, the editor of “The Mainland Touch,” estimates that the programme has covered around 9000 stories since its inception. The success of the show can be attributed in part to the quality of the approximately 35 reporters who have contributed over the years. Some notable reporters, who have since moved on to work with national networks, include Rodney Bryant, host of 'On Line', Brett Dumbleton with 'Sunday', Alison Parr from 'Close Up', and Sandy Beverly, who became a prominent figure on 'Spot On'. The programme has experienced notable changes, especially in the past year, marked by the departure of Bob Sutton to Radio Avon and Rodney Bryant heading to TVNZ in Auckland. Since the beginning of the previous year, John Dunne has been a regular presence in the studio, and in April, Liz Grant joined him. For the 1000th episode, the show included segments from its past, with both Liz Grant and John Dunne in the studio, accompanied by many former contributors to the programme. This milestone highlights the show's enduring presence and influence in the realm of regional television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841023_2_61_10_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841023.2.61.10.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467294400
5331,24,10,1984,"Debate Over ‘jesus, The Evidence’ (Press, 24 October 1984)","On 24 October 1984, it was reported that the Anglican Archbishop of Auckland, the Most Rev. Paul Reeves, expressed his support for the screening of a provocative television documentary titled ""Jesus, the Evidence."" This three-part series, set to begin airing on New Zealand television on 23 November 1984, suggests that Jesus might have been a homosexual. Despite his support for the documentary's screening, Archbishop Reeves clarified that he personally did not agree with its claims, stating, ""I happen to believe that Jesus was not a homosexual."" He emphasised that he believed in the ability of individuals to think critically and use their intelligence. The documentary, which had previously sparked outrage among Christians in Britain, also questions various miracles attributed to Jesus as well as the Resurrection. Furthermore, it posits that Jesus associated with homosexuals and could potentially have been homosexual himself. However, the documentary reportedly includes evidence that contradicts the assertion of Jesus' homosexuality. The announcement of the documentary's screening has provoked backlash from some Christian groups in New Zealand. In particular, Dr Denis Browne, the Catholic bishop of Auckland, expressed his disapproval of the documentary's implications regarding Jesus' sexuality, asserting that he had not viewed it but firmly believed that Jesus was not homosexual. Should the documentary suggest otherwise, he would oppose its screening. The controversy reflects ongoing debates within religious communities about interpretations of historical and biblical figures, highlighting the tension between traditional beliefs and modern reinterpretations of religious narratives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841024_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841024.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467380800
5334,27,10,1984,"Australia Expects Many More A.I.D.S. Cases (Press, 27 October 1984)","On 27 October 1984, an Australian expert, Dr David Cooper, addressed the Venereological Society’s annual conference in Wellington, highlighting the rising concern over the disease A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) in Australia. He reported that 22 cases of the disease had been diagnosed in the country and predicted that many more would follow over the next few years. Dr Cooper indicated that Australia might be five years behind the United States in terms of the epidemic's progression. He expressed some scepticism regarding the severity of the outbreak in New Zealand, suggesting that the homosexual community there did not congregate as closely as in other countries, which could mitigate risk. Dr Cooper outlined the nature of A.I.D.S., emphasising that the virus attacks the immune system, reducing the body’s ability to fight infections and leading to a range of complications. He noted that nearly all A.I.D.S. sufferers eventually succumb to the disease, with survival typically lasting no more than two years after diagnosis. The epidemic had already resulted in over 6,000 cases reported in the United States, with hundreds more in other nations. The demographics of those affected showed that 72% were homosexuals, 17% were intravenous drug users, and there were also infections among Haitians and haemophiliacs. A striking statistic was that male cases outnumbered female ones by a ratio of 15 to 1. Dr Cooper mentioned that Australia had already recorded seven deaths due to A.I.D.S., and he raised alarming concerns regarding blood transfusions as a means of transmission, highlighting that two Australian cases were attributed to this route. He urged blood banks worldwide to consider measures to prevent high-risk individuals, particularly from the homosexual community, from donating blood. In response, the New Zealand Health Department had advised homosexuals against giving blood. Furthermore, Dr Cooper discussed the emergence of A.I.D.S. Related Complexes (A.R.C.), which present milder symptoms such as fatigue and swollen lymph glands. Although not life-threatening, A.R.C. served as a significant burden as about ten times more individuals were believed to be affected compared to those with full-blown A.I.D.S. He estimated that only 5% of A.R.C. cases would progress to A.I.D.S. itself, and currently, there was no treatment or cure for either condition. The report concluded with the notable detail that three homosexual men had returned to New Zealand after contracting A.I.D.S. abroad, and one of them had since died. This alarming update highlighted the potential spread of A.I.D.S. and underscored the need for increased awareness and preventive measures in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841027_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841027.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467640000
5333,27,10,1984,"Churches Appeal (Press, 27 October 1984)","On 27 October 1984, the Christian Churches' Committee on Broadcasting in New Zealand formally appealed to Television New Zealand (TVNZ) to air an additional programme to provide balance to the three-part series ""Jesus: the Evidence."" This series explores various controversial perspectives on the life of Jesus Christ, including a suggestion that he may have had homosexual tendencies, which has sparked criticism among viewers and religious groups. Despite the backlash, the Churches' Committee argued that such criticism was excessive and called for a more nuanced discussion. The appeal emphasises the importance of offering diverse viewpoints in broadcasting, especially on topics of significant cultural and religious import.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841027_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841027.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467640000
5332,27,10,1984,"Heterosexuals A.I.D.S. Risk (Press, 27 October 1984)","On 27 October 1984, Mr Bruce Burnett, a co-ordinator for an A.I.D.S. Support Network, addressed concerns about the potential spread of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, suggesting that heterosexuals might face a greater risk compared to their counterparts in Australia and the United States. Speaking at a seminar during the Venereological Society’s conference, Burnett explained that while gay men in New Zealand were likely to be the first group affected due to their interactions with infected individuals abroad, heterosexuals were also vulnerable. Burnett highlighted a critical difference between New Zealand and other countries, noting that the presence of 'gay ghettos' in places like the United States and Sydney allows the virus to remain more contained within specific communities. In contrast, New Zealand's gay population is more dispersed, making transmission of A.I.D.S. more probable across the broader population. He noted statistics estimating that approximately 10 per cent of men identify as homosexual, and around 40 per cent have had at least one homosexual experience during their lives, stressing that even a single homosexual encounter could potentially lead to infection with the virus. The A.I.D.S. Support Network aimed to educate both homosexuals and the general public about A.I.D.S. and various prevention strategies. However, Burnett pointed out significant barriers, primarily due to the legal status of homosexuality in New Zealand, which complicated their efforts in outreach and education. Notably, he identified a prevailing attitude within the gay community of denial, with many believing that the crisis was confined to overseas rather than being a concern in New Zealand. In light of these challenges, Burnett urged Dr Bassett, the Minister of Health, to allocate funding towards a campaign focused on preventing A.I.D.S. and other sexually transmitted diseases, underscoring the necessity for a proactive approach in educating the public to counteract the potential spread of the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841027_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841027.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467640000
5335,30,10,1984,"Debate On Jesus (Press, 30 October 1984)","In late October 1984, public opinion surrounding the television series “Jesus—the Evidence” stirred significant controversy among Christians in New Zealand. Two individuals, Bruce Hills and Arthur Garrett, expressed their discontent through letters to the editor. Hills articulated a strong belief that Christ could not have been homosexual, stating that for Jesus to be the ultimate sacrifice and fulfil the scriptural requirements, he had to be sinless and without blemish. According to Hills, any associations with homosexuals would only have served to guide them towards righteousness rather than suggest acceptance of their lifestyle. Meanwhile, Garrett's letter conveyed frustration at what he perceived to be a dismissive attitude towards the series and the implications it carried for Christian beliefs. He compared the discussion surrounding the series to irresponsible drunken chatter, suggesting that it undermined Jesus’ significance to many. Garrett also pointed out the politeness of church leaders like the Archbishop and Bishop of Auckland, noting their lack of action against what he called the slander of Jesus. He emphasised that, as a sincere Christian, the Prime Minister should intervene to prevent the broadcast, arguing that it insults deeply held Christian values. Both letters highlight the tension within the community regarding the portrayal of Jesus and the broader implications for Christian doctrine. The responses underscore a desire for more robust actions from religious leaders and political figures to protect sacred beliefs from perceived affronts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841030_2_94_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841030.2.94.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467895600
7033,30,10,1984,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 30 October 1984)","In Canterbury, tomato prices are causing confusion among consumers, as glasshouse-grown tomatoes remain expensive, ranging from $5.99 to $7.98 per kilogram in Christchurch shops. Surprisingly, the same quality tomatoes were available for only $2.99 per kilogram in Greymouth, leading to speculation that it might be worth driving to the West Coast for a bulk purchase. In Avonside, the Tait family is faced with a string of unfortunate events regarding their above-ground swimming pool. After having a Koi stolen and replacing their pool with a new insured one, that second pool was recently destroyed in a fire in their garden shed. The cause of the fire remains unknown, and while the family contemplates purchasing another pool, there is apprehension about the fate of a potential third one. Meanwhile, the University of Canterbury's zoology department received support from the National Science Foundation to further a research project on the energy use of the native harrier hawk. Equipment previously used for penguin research in Antarctica was located and has now been loaned to the university for use in this hawk study. Crayfishermen are puzzled by a claim from an Auckland company intending to export live crayfish to Japan, which indicated that the crays must be kept in freshwater tanks for two days prior to shipment. Traditionally, fishermen know that crayfish perish in freshwater within minutes, raising questions about the practicality of this approach. At Shantytown, the main steam locomotive, named Kaitangata, is set for a grand unveiling at the New Year after being out of service for two years due to restoration work at a Greymouth foundry. In addition, a working sawmill is being constructed using equipment from the ancient Brown’s Creek sawmill. Finally, a two-year-old Hereford bull is reported missing from Nola Bamford's property in North Canterbury. Valued at $1,000, the bull was last seen heading towards the Hurunui River bridge. A search has turned up hoof-prints in the riverbed, prompting inquiries from anyone with information to contact the relevant authorities. In a light-hearted note, feminist influences are spotted in educational materials, specifically in mathematics papers where Farmer Brown has transitioned from a ""he"" to a ""her,"" indicating changing perspectives in traditional roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841030_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841030.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467895600
5336,31,10,1984,"‘Bent’ At The Studio (Press, 31 October 1984)","""Bent,"" a play by Martin Sherman directed by Elric Hooper, is being staged at the Court Studio from 30 October to 17 November 1984, with performances running from 8.15 p.m. to 10.10 p.m. This powerful drama explores the devastating effects of repression faced by homosexuals during Hitler's rise to power in Germany. The narrative begins with the character Max, a Berlin homosexual, who struggles with the consequences of a night of drunken debauchery coinciding with the infamous Night of the Long Knives. His memory of events is clouded by a hangover, and his relationship with his lover Rudy becomes tense due to Max's reckless behaviour and the presence of an attractive young man he brought home. The play, while addressing serious themes of torture and insanity experienced in concentration camps like Dachau, employs moments of comedy and sharp self-reflection that lighten its otherwise grim subject matter. The all-male cast faced the challenge of authentically portraying homosexual relationships, requiring them to evoke a sense of real passion and sensitivity. Alistair Browning's depiction of Max stands out for its intensity and portrayal of isolation, while Tony Mack’s performance as Horst, Max's prisoner lover, cleverly intertwines irony and humour, eliciting laughter even in the bleakest contexts. The contrast between Horst's warmth and Max's emotional reserve adds depth to their relationship. Supporting roles are portrayed by Mark Trezona as the fragile Rudy and Jeff Boyd as Wolf, with Craig Hood contributing a vibrant cabaret essence as a transvestite character and also taking on roles of various Nazi officers. The sparse but effective set design by Tony Geddes, enriched by Jim Monteath's evocative lighting, creates a stark atmosphere, with symbolic elements such as a swastika projected onto the walls. As the final production initiated by the Court Studio for some time, ""Bent"" is deemed a superb choice, offering a memorable and challenging experience that tests audience perspectives. Its mix of powerful themes, artistic performance, and sociopolitical commentary solidifies its status as a significant piece of theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841031_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841031.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467982000
5340,31,10,1984,"Book Claims To Outline Story Behind Fleet Street (Press, 31 October 1984)","A new book titled ""Lies, Damned Lies,"" authored by journalist Henry Porter, critiques the state of journalism in Britain's national newspapers, particularly focusing on the practices of those on Fleet Street. Porter's work aims to expose the inaccuracies, biases, and arrogance prevalent in the industry, arguing that many so-called ""exclusive"" stories are fabricated or misrepresented. He asserts that 1983 marked a significant decline in newspaper integrity, noting critical lapses in fair and truthful reporting. Porter elucidates the political bias evident in the media landscape during the 1983 General Election, highlighting how various papers, including the ""Daily Mail,"" ""Sun,"" and ""News of the World,"" openly supported the Conservative Party. In contrast, the ""Daily Mirror"" and ""Sunday Mirror"" remained loyal to Labour, while others like the ""Guardian"" maintained independence. He calls into question the obsession with Royal stories, suggesting that around 70 per cent of reported Royal coverage is fictitious, using examples involving Princess Diana and Prince Charles to illustrate this phenomenon. In discussing the entertainment industry, Porter identifies the blurred lines between fact and fiction in celebrity coverage, demonstrating how cheque-book journalism and fabricated interviews have become commonplace. He recounts notable inaccuracies in reporting, such as misleading headlines about a young girl's age in a lurid story and a fabricated story about a UFO landing, indicative of sensationalism that often characterises tabloid journalism. Porter's ridicule extends to the manipulation of visual media, detailing instances where newspapers have altered photos or used misleading images to create a deliberate narrative. He accuses both tabloid and ostensibly reputable papers of prioritising sensationalism over accuracy, giving examples of significant errors, such as an unsubstantiated claim made by ""The Times"" regarding ""Hitler's secret diaries."" The author also highlights instances of manipulation and deception in political reporting, notably the coverage of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's health, where the truth was obscured by government spin. Despite being aware of the misinformation, Fleet Street's response was generally passive, tacitly accepting the obfuscation as part of the typical interactions between the press and the political sphere. In light of these challenges, Porter expresses hope that readers will become more discerning consumers of news, pushing for higher standards of accuracy and honesty. ""Lies, Damned Lies"" stands as a call to action, urging a re-evaluation of the trust that newspapers currently demand while exposing their penchant for myth-making and deception.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841031_2_188.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841031.2.188,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467982000
5338,31,10,1984,"Debate On Jesus (Press, 31 October 1984)","A letter published on 31 October 1984 by Paul Maling explores the idea of Jesus Christ's sexual orientation, particularly considering the question of whether Jesus was homosexual. Maling presents several points to support a discussion around this topic, beginning with the observation that homosexual responsiveness is part of mammalian sexuality and that homosexuality has been present throughout human history. He notes that only the Hebrews and Zoroastrians completely rejected homosexuality, contrasting this with the acceptance of it among ancient Mediterranean societies. Maling argues that Jesus consistently rejected Judaic laws that conflicted with his message of love, pointing to examples such as his acts of healing on the Sabbath. He questions whether denying Jesus' potential homosexual responsiveness would limit the universality of his love. Citing the Apostle John—referred to as ""the disciple whom Jesus loved,"" who had a close bond with Jesus—Maling highlights John's definition of love as one shown through action and truth. He also notes a significant distinction: Jesus, in contrast to Paul, did not condemn homosexuality, which was widespread among the non-Jewish communities around him. Maling calls for a reconsideration of traditional views on Jesus' sexuality and the implications this may have on the understanding of love in a broader, more inclusive context.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841031_2_99_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841031.2.99.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467982000
5339,31,10,1984,"Opinions In Book 'amount To Heresy’ (Press, 31 October 1984)","On 31 October 1984, a significant controversy emerged within the Auckland Presbyterian Church concerning the views of former minister Mr Rinny Westra. In his newly released book, ""The Faith of a Radical,"" Westra challenges essential tenets of Christianity, such as the nature of the Trinity, the divinity of Jesus Christ, and the significance of the Resurrection. He argues that Christians should support homosexual liberation as a broader commitment to human freedom and advocate for more inclusive understandings of family structures beyond the traditional nuclear family. Westra criticises contemporary Christianity for its conservatism, branding certain attitudes towards war and industrial development as sinful, particularly when they disregard environmental conservation. He envisions a radical reform of church services, proposing the elimination of conventional practices like worship, baptism, and Holy Communion. Instead, Westra suggests implementing silence in prayer, reserving hymns and prayers until all sexist language—references such as ""King,"" ""Kingdom,"" and ""Father""—are eradicated from worship. In light of his beliefs, Westra calls for Christians to engage in the struggles of various social movements, including feminism, Marxism, homosexual rights, trade unions, and the peace movement, signifying a departure from the traditional evangelical approach. This perspective has elicited strong condemnation from the current Moderator of the Auckland Presbytery, Rev. Jim Gunn. Gunn deems Westra's assertions as heretical, pointing out that they fundamentally contradict widely accepted Christian doctrines. Despite the severity of Gunn's criticism, he notes that the Church has a history of tolerance and patience with divergent views. He expresses doubt that Westra's statements would lead to formal charges of heresy, unlike the case in 1967 when Professor Lloyd Geering faced similar accusations for his controversial ideas. Gunn highlights the difference in their situations, stating that Geering was a prominent figure in the theological community, while Westra is merely a member of a congregation with no substantial influence. Overall, this exchange reflects a tension within the church regarding the interpretation of faith in light of modern societal changes, with Westra advocating for radical reform and inclusion, while traditionalists like Gunn stand firm on established doctrines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841031_2_131.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841031.2.131,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467982000
5337,31,10,1984,"School Seductions Not Uncommon (Press, 31 October 1984)","A recent article in the UK educational publication, ""The Times Educational Supplement,"" suggests that romantic relationships between British teachers and their pupils are more prevalent than commonly believed. While some of these liaisons result in legal action or end poorly, others develop into seemingly happy partnerships. The piece points out that school-related events like disco evenings, overseas trips, and field outings offer opportunities for teachers to become vulnerable to romantic advances. The article highlights several specific cases, including a 30-year-old maths teacher who ran away with a 16-year-old student following a camping trip in the Scottish Highlands. Another example is a Welsh teacher who initiated a relationship with a 16-year-old girl during rehearsals for a Greek tragedy play. Additionally, a scenario is shared about a teacher who, upon discovering a fourth-year student hiding in his car and declaring her feelings for him, promptly took her back to school and reported the incident. Despite the rarity of cases that gain media attention or come to the notice of educational authorities, the publication notes that such relationships between teachers and senior students appear to happen more frequently than reported, with many being resolved internally within schools. The article further discusses that female teachers, contrary to the perception that they may be innocent in such matters, are also involved in romantic entanglements with male students with surprising regularity. To manage the situation, it is mentioned that some schools maintain informal lists of flirtatious teenage girls to ensure they are approached with caution. However, it is also noted that not all teacher-pupil relationships result in scandal; some end positively, as evidenced by claims from a Somerset school where three teachers married their former students. In another instance from Derby, a 23-year-old French teacher wed an 18-year-old sixth-former. The report also includes an interview with a female form teacher in her late twenties who identifies as homosexual and describes an incident where a fourth-year girl was the one to seduce her. This insight sheds light on the complexity and nuanced realities of teacher-student relationships in British schools.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841031_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841031.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,467982000
5341,02,11,1984,"Debate On Jesus (Press, 2 November 1984)","In a series of letters published in November 1984, various writers expressed their opinions on the interpretation of Jesus' teachings, particularly regarding homosexuality. Trevor Nicholls argued against the argument from omission, suggesting that the lack of condemnation of certain acts in the Bible, including drug abuse and rape, should not be interpreted as endorsement. He highlighted that Jesus, being a Jew who interacted primarily with Jews, would not have felt the need to explicitly condemn practices already denounced in Hebrew tradition. Nicholls also noted that Paul, in his travels around the Mediterranean, addressed the issue more directly. Arthur May responded to Bruce Hills' statement that Jesus could not have been a homosexual, claiming that such assertions were not only unfounded but also relegated the authenticity of Christians to Hills' personal interpretation. He emphasised that it is impossible to definitively determine Jesus' sexual orientation, arguing instead that many atrocities have been committed in Jesus' name throughout history. Marnie Barrell addressed the notion of equating Jesus' love with homosexual activity. She stated that while Jesus is known for loving all sinners, this does not imply he engaged in the same behaviours. Barrell noted that Jesus upheld Jewish moral principles, which included the prohibition of sexual activity outside marriage, regardless of emotional circumstances. Lastly, P. Oakley acknowledged the debate surrounding the evidence of Jesus' possible homosexuality, referring to the book ""Jesus — the Evidence."" Oakley suggested that regardless of the evidence's conclusiveness, it should not be suppressed. These letters illustrate a vibrant discourse around the complexities of Jesus' ethical teachings and their implications for discussions on sexuality, underscoring the deeper moral and theological questions that arise from interpretations of religious texts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841102_2_89_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841102.2.89.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468154800
7371,02,11,1984,"Radical Presbyterian ‘has Place In Church' (Press, 2 November 1984)","On 2 November 1984, it was reported that the Presbyterian Church in New Zealand will not be expelling Mr Rinny Westra, despite the controversy surrounding his radical views expressed in his recently published book, ""The Faith of a Radical."" The Church had accepted Westra's resignation as a fully ordained minister, but Church leaders, including the Rev. Allan Jones, the moderator of the North Shore Presbytery, affirm that Westra's unconventional perspectives still hold a place within the Church's discourse. Westra gained notoriety earlier in the year when he delivered an anti-nuclear speech at an Auckland Anzac Day service, leading to a walkout by angry war veterans. His book challenges traditional Christian beliefs, denying the deity of Jesus, his miracles, and resurrection, while also supporting homosexuality, lesbianism, and seeking solidarity with various movements such as feminism, Marxism, trade unions, and peacemaking. Rev. Jones acknowledged that while many congregants might be shocked by Westra's views, particularly traditional Christians, he believes it is crucial for members to engage with and contemplate the ideas presented. He noted the significance of thought diversity within the Church, mentioning that uninformed individuals often misunderstand the complexity of theological debates. Similarly, Rev. Jim Gunn, the Moderator of the Auckland Presbytery, downplayed Westra's influence on the broader Church, suggesting that his impact is comparable to that of Felix Donnelly within the Catholic Church. Westra himself expressed his commitment to remaining within the Church, stating that he is motivated by his religious identity and a desire to make Christianity more inclusive. He clarified that he does not entirely reject the Christian tradition but aims to adapt it to encompass a wider range of perspectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841102_2_149_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841102.2.149.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468154800
5342,03,11,1984,"Debate On Jesus (Press, 3 November 1984)","In a series of letters published on 1 November 1984, readers addressed interpretations of Jesus’ teachings on love and morality, particularly in the context of homosexuality. M. Paul Mosley referenced the biblical account in John 8:11, where Jesus tells a woman caught in adultery that He does not condemn her, but also advises her to leave her life of sin. Mosley argues that while Jesus does not condemn individuals, He condemns sinful practices, including homosexual acts. He emphasises that Jesus' message promotes a form of love defined by active benevolence and compassion, rather than sexual love, which is not mentioned in the New Testament in relation to Jesus. Mosley further highlights the importance of love as expressed through actions, such as helping those in need, asserting that the true essence of Jesus' teachings is not a permissive stance on all behaviours presented as love. Another letter from a contributor identified only as 808 Webster contends that while various sexual sins, including homosexuality, have existed throughout history, the purpose of Christ's teachings was to guide people toward a proper way of living. Webster denies any suggestion that Jesus could be seen as homosexual, stating that He was sinless and perfect, which strengthens His moral authority. The letter asserts that Jesus' references to love pertain to human compassion and kindness and should not be conflated with sexual matters. This exchange reflects a broader dialogue about the interpretation of scripture, the nature of love, and the implications of Jesus' teachings on contemporary moral issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841103_2_130_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841103.2.130.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468241200
5344,05,11,1984,"Debate On Jesus (Press, 5 November 1984)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 1 November 1984, several correspondents engaged in a debate regarding the nature of Jesus and his views on homosexuality, sparked by Paul Maling's earlier comments. Cyndy Cottam argued that Jesus, while embodying love, adhered to the moral laws of the Old Testament, which explicitly condemn homosexuality. She highlighted that Jesus fulfilled the Scriptures and called for repentance rather than condoning sin, referencing the apostle Paul’s condemnation of homosexuality in Romans. R. Sanson responded to Maling's claims, asserting that physical affection does not necessarily imply sexual connotations and emphasising that God's universal love cannot overlook sin. Citing instances from the Bible, including the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah and Levitical laws, he argued for a clear biblical stance against homosexuality, reiterating that Jesus did not nullify the existing laws. Stan Wood then entered the discussion, challenging the idea of ""spurious Christians"" and pointing out that true Christianity is distinct from counterfeit beliefs. He stated that regardless of the speculation about Jesus' nature, the evidence for his authenticity as a prophet remains unproven. Lastly, Arthur May critiqued Reverend Jim Gunn's perception of tolerance within the Christian Church, accusing him of hypocrisy for attacking Rinny Westra's views while claiming to champion equality. May asserted that all individuals should be valued equally within Christianity and invoked Matthew 7:1-5 to emphasise the principle of tolerance. He concluded with a reference to Victor Hugo, suggesting that tolerance should be viewed as a significant virtue in religion. The letters reflect a deep engagement with theological issues, offering various perspectives on Jesus’ teachings, sin, and the nature of Christian fellowship.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841105_2_93_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841105.2.93.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468414000
7034,05,11,1984,"Sexual Whimsy And Comedy In ‘garp’ (Press, 5 November 1984)","On 5 November 1984, a review of the film “The World According to Garp,” directed by George Roy Hill and based on John Irving’s novel, was published. The film is described as an extraordinary blend of sexual whimsy and tragicomedy, exploring the unpredictable challenges faced by a young man. The narrative conveys a unique lesson about confronting trauma, illustrating how overcoming fear can lead to personal empowerment. The film struggles to cohesively tie together the numerous anecdotes from the book, which Hill attempts through a series of short scenes, each lasting no more than 90 seconds. Rather than following traditional narrative climaxes, the scenes are designed to flow together both emotionally and intellectually, creating a cumulative effect. The reviewer, unfamiliar with the source material, acknowledges that Hill's adaptation might suffer from strict adherence to the novel but still finds the film to be intellectually and emotionally satisfying. Robin Williams stars as T. S. Garp, the illegitimate son of a strong-willed nurse played by Glenn Close. Garp's conception occurs in a hospital, setting the scene for his complex life. As he pursues a writing career, Garp finds his path hindered by his mother’s success as she becomes a prominent figure in the women’s liberation movement. Garp grapples with issues of infidelity and the loss of a child, navigating his relationships, particularly with his wife. The film introduces a notable character, Roberta Muldoon, portrayed by John Lithgow, a former football player undergoing a sex change. The dynamics of Garp's life unfold as he faces both personal and broader societal challenges, ultimately leading to an unexpected ending that resonates with American cultural realities. The work deftly interweaves themes of tragedy and humour, capturing the complexities of life with a balance of absurdity and sincerity. Williams’ portrayal of Garp showcases his range, while Lithgow's performance lends dignity to a challenging role. However, it is Glenn Close's portrayal of Garp's eccentric mother that leaves a lasting impression, marking her impressive debut in feature films after her success in theatre. The film finally makes its way to Christchurch after a lengthy run in Auckland and Wellington, albeit as a last-minute selection due to scheduling issues from other films. While audiences in Christchurch are now able to experience “Garp,” they face a delay in the anticipated screening of Hitchcock films that were to follow. The review highlights the film's delayed release and the cultural significance of its themes, solidifying its impact in cinema at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841105_2_154.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841105.2.154,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468414000
5343,05,11,1984,"Tv Screening Opposed (Press, 5 November 1984)","On 5 November 1984, the Baptist Church in Hamilton, New Zealand, announced plans to formally request that TVNZ refrain from broadcasting the documentary titled “Jesus — the Evidence” if it suggests that Jesus Christ may have been a homosexual. The motion was presented by Rev. Mark Jackson during the Baptist Union annual assembly. He expressed strong disapproval of the documentary, arguing that it could lead to harmful implications about Christianity and sexuality. Rev. Jackson emphasised the importance of addressing such controversial issues rather than remaining passive, stating, ""The gauntlet has been thrown down and it is up to us to pick it up."" In his speech, Rev. Jackson reiterated that Jesus Christ did not require defence, but asserted the necessity for Christians to affirm their beliefs and declare what he termed ""the truth."" He articulated concerns regarding the questions that young individuals were asking about the compatibility of being Christian and homosexual, stating, ""We need to know that young people are asking, 'Is it okay to be a Christian and a homosexual too?' We need to spell it out that homosexuality is wrong."" Rev. Jackson's motion was in line with the assembly's broader agenda, which included a resolution to urge the New Zealand Government not to ratify the United Nations Convention on Discrimination against Women. Some delegates characterised the convention's report as ""humanist""-based, claiming it undermined traditional values related to home and family. This collection of actions reflects a significant moment of contention within various sectors of society regarding issues of sexuality, faith, and the role of governmental decisions on individual rights and moral beliefs in the early 1980s in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841105_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841105.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468414000
5345,06,11,1984,"Suspect Blood May Have Been Used In Chch (Press, 6 November 1984)","On 6 November 1984, concerns emerged in Christchurch regarding the potential contamination of blood products used by haemophiliacs. Specifically, about 50 bottles of Prothrombinex, a blood-clotting agent, were sent from Australia, with approximately three-quarters already used by patients before contamination suspicions arose. Dr Gordon Whyte, the regional transfusion officer at Christchurch Hospital, indicated that 10 to 15 New Zealand haemophiliacs might have received this product. Dr Graeme Woodfield, medical director of the Auckland Blood Transfusion Centre, noted that New Zealand had imported 400 vials of Prothrombinex, with 25 percent returned due to the contamination fears. He suggested that potentially half of the vials might ultimately be returned. In Christchurch, about 60 haemophiliacs live in the area, but only 8 to 10 require this specific blood-clotting agent. It was explained that if those who received the suspect agent developed A.I.D.S., symptoms might not appear for six months to two years due to the disease's incubation period. Dr Whyte stated that while the risk of contracting A.I.D.S. from the agent was relatively low, estimated at about one in 1,000 to 2,000, there were prospects for changing procedures to further reduce contamination risk. He highlighted that to ensure blood transfusions were safer, New Zealand would discontinue pooling its blood with that from Australia and instead process it separately. He expressed hope that this change would increase responsibility for donor safety. The local homosexual community was noted to cooperate voluntarily in refraining from donating when at risk. Dr Whyte pointed out that many haemophiliacs were aware of the A.I.D.S. risk yet chose to accept it to avoid the painful symptoms associated with their condition. Mr Tony Goodwin, secretary of the Haemophilia Society, lamented the inevitability of A.I.D.S. becoming a factor for New Zealand haemophiliacs, identifying them as innocent victims as the country relied on imported blood products due to the lack of a domestic blood fractionation facility. In Australia, the situation also called for urgent action, with health authorities searching for nearly 40 haemophiliacs who received potentially contaminated blood-clotting products. The infection concern stemmed from two clotting agents distributed in March, with patients likely receiving them in August. Dr Neville McCarthy, director of the Melbourne-based Commonwealth Serum Laboratories, acknowledged the potential danger to lives, affirming that once infected recipients were identified, they would be monitored. The alert originated when laboratory scientists discovered an 807-bottle batch containing an A.I.D.S. antibody. Subsequent tests confirmed that one male donor was a carrier of A.I.D.S. antibodies, prompting measures to prevent further donations from that individual. Meanwhile, in Wellington, a Health Department spokesman mentioned the formation of a special working group aimed at developing an A.I.D.S. screening test for blood donors, expected to be completed in six months, as part of efforts to mitigate the virus's spread in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841106_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841106.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468500400
6707,08,11,1984,"Making It Happen Forward-looking Forum (Press, 8 November 1984)","A series of Women’s Forums have been initiated by New Zealand’s Minister of Women’s Affairs, Ann Hercus, aimed at shaping society in a manner that acknowledges women’s realities and perspectives. The forums are designed to facilitate direct communication between women and the Government, with a strong showing of about 1,800 women attending the Christchurch Forum alone. The atmosphere was largely positive, with chair Alison Kuiper noting a lack of protests against the recommendations discussed. Despite the constructive nature of the event, the forum was marred by an incident involving four male protesters from various groups who refused to leave, resulting in tensions with a small lesbian group also present. The participation of conservative Christian women in the forum underscored the diversity of opinions present. Women’s Rights Commissioner, Diana Shand, viewed the forum as a significant step forward, allowing a broad discussion on policy. However, the need for continued advocacy was highlighted by recent figures showing a substantial gender disparity in representation on official boards. While there were 360 boards with no women members, only 209 had female representation. Notably, several government departments had no women on their boards, including Civil Aviation, Defence, and the Security Intelligence Service. In a positive development, Katherine Peet has been appointed to the Ministerial Task Force on Lifelong Learning, indicating ongoing efforts to involve women in key decision-making roles. The forum also saw the establishment of the Rosemary Seymour Research and Archive Award for Women, which aims to support research on women's issues. This fund honours Rosemary Seymour, a pioneering figure in women’s studies in New Zealand, who passed away earlier in 1984. Further events include a celebration by the International Toastmistress organisation, which fused historical reflections with future challenges, and announcements of various activities focusing on women’s realities, such as a concert offering an alternative to traditional beauty pageants and discussions on self-defence. Diana Shand is also available for individuals facing discrimination, affirming support for those who feel overlooked due to gender or race. A meeting regarding infertility issues is scheduled, featuring Dr Freddie Graham from Auckland, providing insights into the costs and experiences related to in-vitro fertilisation for couples facing fertility challenges. Finally, the article includes a quote from Indira Gandhi addressing the pervasive nature of male superiority, culturally recognised worldwide, and encourages submissions for future reflections and considerations on women's issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841108_2_97_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841108.2.97.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468673200
5346,10,11,1984,"Baptists Change Mind On Documentary Screening (Press, 10 November 1984)","A recent letter from Television New Zealand (TVNZ) has significantly impacted the 102nd annual assembly of the Baptist Union regarding the documentary titled ""Jesus — the Evidence."" The letter clarified that the upcoming three-part programme did not suggest that Jesus was a homosexual, a claim that had been improperly inferred by media reports. It noted that while such an idea was briefly mentioned, it was ultimately discounted. Additionally, the letter confirmed that two religious consultants, representing the Salvation Army and the Anglican Church, had approved the documentary's airing. The letter ignited a vibrant discussion during the closing session of the assembly, leading to an amendment of a motion that originally sought to condemn the programme. The modified resolution requested that TVNZ produce a fourth segment that would include discussions from British experts about the previous three parts of the series. This additional segment was in response to public outcry from British audiences. A second resolution was also adopted, which expressed discontent with some publications that misrepresented the documentary’s content, labelling this misrepresentation as both unacceptable and offensive to Christians. During the debate, the Rev. Mark Jackson defended the assembly's stance, suggesting that churches had been misled and that the press had become an unfair target for criticism. The Rev. Tom Cadman, who serves as the Baptist representative on the religious broadcasting committee, voiced opposition to the movement against the programme. He stated that he had viewed all four sections of the documentary and found nothing offensive. He argued against the idea of censoring a programme that most assembly members had yet to see, highlighting the contentious atmosphere surrounding the discussion of the documentary's content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841110_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841110.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468846000
5347,10,11,1984,"Cable Briefs (Press, 10 November 1984)","A fire broke out at the Las Palmas Hotel in Manila's Ermita tourist district on 9 November 1984, resulting in the deaths of six individuals and seriously injuring 13 others. This incident marks the third major hotel fire in the Philippines in just over two weeks. Among the fatalities, four were women, including an unidentified foreigner, while two males included a Saudi Arabian. Three guests tragically died after jumping from windows in a bid to escape the 40-minute blaze that engulfed the middle and upper floors of the eight-storey hotel. In aerospace news, the space shuttle Discovery successfully launched from Cape Canaveral on 9 November 1984 after a delay due to adverse weather conditions. This mission, which aims to rescue two satellites, features a crew of five astronauts and will last for eight days. On the political front, West Hollywood has become the first United States city to be governed by a ""gay"" majority after residents voted to incorporate the area. The population of this Los Angeles suburb, comprising 36,000 residents, opted for cityhood with a two-to-one majority, primarily to freeze rents. Valerie Terrigno, a lesbian activist, was elected as Mayor, and two other openly homosexual members were also appointed to the city council from a pool of 40 candidates. In a separate development, Timothy Palmes was executed in Florida's electric chair for the murder of a furniture store owner who declined to hire him, making him the eighth execution in Florida in 1984 and the nineteenth in the United States this year. Moreover, the organisers of the Miss World competition announced a ban on all contestants wearing fur coats following a controversy involving Miss Bolivia, Erika Weise, who had sparked outrage by wearing a leopardskin ensemble. Julia Morley, the event's organiser, clarified that the decision was based on conservation concerns rather than to preempt further protests by animal rights activists. Diplomatic relations between Iraq and the United States are set to resume by year-end after a 17-year hiatus, as stated by a Reagan Administration official. This development could potentially enhance American influence in the Arab region while aggravating tensions with Iran, which has been engaged in a prolonged conflict with Iraq. Lastly, in a ruling from West Germany, a court has decided that frogs, which had been causing disturbances with their nighttime croaking, should be allowed to remain undisturbed in their habitat due to their protected status under conservation laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841110_2_93_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841110.2.93.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,468846000
7433,14,11,1984,"Dr John Child (Press, 14 November 1984)","Associate Professor John Child, the first Donald Reid Fellow in Economics at the University of Otago, passed away in Dunedin on 10 November 1984 at the age of 62. Dr Child served in the Army and Air Force during World War II before enrolling at Otago University, where he graduated with a Master of Arts in Economics in 1948. His time as a student was marked by controversy due to his progressive views on social issues. In 1947, while serving as president of the University Students' Association, he advocated for bisexual bedrooms for students and openly challenged prevalent attitudes towards rugby and religion, calling for a relaxation of sexual mores. This stance led to his dismissal from a temporary lecturer's position, and he was required to apologise publicly and step down as president. Despite these setbacks, Child completed his degree the following year and then spent two years teaching in Lawrence while studying for a Bachelor of Commerce. He later achieved a Doctorate in Philosophy from Oxford University, after which he held a teaching position in general science in Tauranga and lectured on industrial relations at the University of New South Wales for ten years in Australia. Returning to New Zealand in 1967, Child rejoined the University of Otago as a research fellow in economics and became involved in political activism by joining the Labour Party and serving as secretary of the Dunedin Committee on Vietnam. He was also the first president of Ecology Action in Dunedin. Over his career, he authored around 20 books focused on flora and fauna, with nine specifically about Australian natural history. In 1971, he was appointed associate professor in economic history, a position he held until his death. Dr Child is survived by three daughters and a son.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841114_2_72_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841114.2.72.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469191600
5348,14,11,1984,"Two Heterosexuals Catch A.I.D.S.; More Expected (Press, 14 November 1984)","In November 1984, concerns were growing in San Francisco regarding the spread of AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) after two heterosexual men were diagnosed with the disease. Both men reportedly contracted AIDS through sexual relations with female drug addicts. This marked a significant development, as AIDS had primarily affected homosexual men and intravenous drug users since it was first identified five years prior. Although only two similar cases had been documented in the United States, health officials were anxious about the potential for more cases to emerge. Their worries were supported by research from Africa that indicated heterosexual men were becoming infected through contact with sex workers. In the backdrop of these developments, San Francisco, recognised as the gay capital of the United States due to its substantial homosexual population, had recorded nearly 800 cases of AIDS, averaging two new cases diagnosed daily. The broader statistics for the United States revealed over 6,000 reported AIDS cases, with a grim death rate of approximately 45 per cent. The disease severely impairs the immune system, leading to fatalities from opportunistic infections and various rare cancers. Marcus Conant, who led an AIDS research centre in San Francisco, predicted an alarming rise in cases, estimating that if the current trend continued, California could see up to 17,000 AIDS sufferers by 1987. In a proactive measure to combat the spread of the disease, local health officials had recently shut down bathhouses frequented by homosexuals, citing that such venues facilitated multiple sexual encounters thought to contribute to the transmission of AIDS. The situation underscored the growing complexity of the epidemic and the urgent need for public health responses as the understanding of the disease evolved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841114_2_31_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841114.2.31.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469191600
5349,16,11,1984,"Polluted Blood Kills Babies (Press, 16 November 1984)","On 16 November 1984, it was reported that three babies had died in Brisbane, with a fourth seriously ill, after receiving blood suspected of being contaminated with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) virus. The Queensland Health Minister, Mr Brian Austin, announced that an investigation was underway to explore any connection between the fatalities and AIDS. All affected babies had received blood from a single donor, a 27-year-old male homosexual, at Brisbane’s Matei Hospital. The donation occurred in February, while the deaths took place in September and October. The suspicion of contaminated blood only emerged in the days prior to the announcement. Samples from the donor's blood have been dispatched to Melbourne for further testing, and efforts are being made to track down any other blood that had previously been donated by the man. Mr Austin referred to the situation as a tragedy, emphasising that it occurred despite the precautions implemented by the Red Cross blood transfusion service to prevent the donation of contaminated blood. In light of the incident, Mr Austin was expected to propose an amendment to the Transplantation and Anatomy Act during a session of State Parliament the same evening. This amendment would introduce severe penalties, including jail sentences and hefty fines, for blood donors who intentionally provide misleading information regarding their eligibility to donate blood.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841116_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841116.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469364400
5350,17,11,1984,"A.I.D.S. Action In Aust. (Press, 17 November 1984)","On 17 November 1984, Queensland Premier Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen called for all Australian states to adopt stringent penalties to deter homosexuals from donating blood. This follows a recent tragedy in Brisbane where three babies died and another was seriously ill after receiving blood believed to be contaminated with the AIDS virus. The contaminated blood had been donated by a 27-year-old homosexual man who had made 15 donations since 1981. The Queensland Parliament rapidly passed legislation imposing penalties of up to two years in jail or a fine of AUD 10,000 for individuals who provide misleading information about their blood donation eligibility. The legislation faced no opposition in Parliament, although the Opposition's health spokesman, Mr Terry Mackearoth, accused Queensland Health Minister Brian Austin of sensationalising the incident. The Australian Prime Minister, Bob Hawke, announced a national summit to address the AIDS scare, bringing together Federal and state health ministers, as well as experts from various health organisations, to discuss measures for preventing further contamination of blood supplies. Dr Peter Harden, director of the Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, described the man as a ""first-class donor"" and highlighted that it had not yet been confirmed whether he was infected with AIDS. He noted that testing is necessary to determine if the man has been exposed to the virus or is a carrier. While Hawke appealed for more women to donate blood, he refrained from commenting on the newly enacted Queensland legislation. The Aids Action Committee condemned the Queensland law as a “criminal solution” that would not effectively address the AIDS issue. According to Mr Lex Watson, the committee's convener, there were no indications that homosexuals had ignored blood bank policies, and prior to the introduction of more specific high-risk donor guidelines two months earlier, only promiscuous homosexual males were excluded from donations. He pointed out that the man whose blood contaminated the babies did not show any symptoms of illness, and his last donation occurred before the implementation of the stricter guidelines, which now barred all homosexuals from donating blood. Watson argued that under the current AIDS guidelines, the likelihood of further transmission was very low. The Aids Action Committee also advised against homosexuals donating semen or organs, leading to warnings to sperm banks and artificial insemination clinics in New South Wales regarding accepting donations from homosexuals due to the potential risk of AIDS transmission. As the situation developed, concern grew over a possible future blood shortage if a ban on male donors were implemented. Dr Tony Adams, Chief Medical Officer in the State Health Department, expressed concerns that a significant portion of blood donors being male could create a shortage for hospital needs if such measures were taken to restrict donations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841117_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841117.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469450800
5351,17,11,1984,"Nuclear Family Talk (Press, 17 November 1984)","Published on 17 November 1984, the review discusses ""Mortal Matters,"" a novel by Penelope Gilliatt. The book initially presents a perplexing structure, seemingly written in reverse, but as the narrative unfolds, the sequences begin to align. The story revolves around a typical British family comprising a mother, father, and their child, along with the father's girlfriend and the mother's homosexual partner. This family dynamic is marked by discontent and a sense of stagnation. The family is further complicated by the presence of the father’s mother, who struggles to distinguish between her past and the present due to her old age. Through her memories of girlhood in Northumberland, the narrative delves into themes surrounding the women's suffrage movement, highlighting the vigorous fight for voting rights. Gilliatt juxtaposes the sacrifices made by women in this struggle against the oppressive actions of men trying to hinder progress. The narrative prompts readers to reflect on the outcome of this historical struggle, particularly through the lens of the modern-day nuclear family depicted in the book. It raises questions about the legacy of the grandmother’s passion and energy and how it contrasts with the emotional detachment of the contemporary family. Ralf Unger, the reviewer, acknowledges Gilliatt's exceptional skill in portraying chaotic conversations where characters seem to talk past one another, absorbed in their own thoughts rather than listening. Although the initial confusion may be challenging, Unger's review suggests that Gilliatt's writing style becomes enjoyable once readers acclimatise themselves to it. Overall, ""Mortal Matters"" is described as a rewarding, if not outstanding, literary experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841117_2_120_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841117.2.120.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469450800
5352,19,11,1984,"‘Soft’ Attitude Deplored (Press, 19 November 1984)","On 19 November 1984, the Very Rev. Lance Shilton, the Dean of Sydney, made controversial statements regarding the AIDS crisis in Australia, attributing it to a lenient attitude towards homosexuality. He expressed strong criticism towards both AIDS carriers and politicians who supported the decriminalisation of homosexuality, claiming they were complicit in the situation and suggesting that they had ""blood on their hands."" Shilton argued it was essential to reject the promotion of homosexuality as a valid alternative to heterosexual relationships, calling for governments to urgently legislate penalties against homosexuals who donate blood, as the current honesty system had proven ineffective in preventing contamination. His comments came in the wake of the tragic deaths of three babies in Queensland who received contaminated blood transfusions, prompting Shilton to back New South Wales Premier Neville Wran's suggestion for increasing female blood bank donors. Shilton further accused gay activists of ignoring divine laws, suggesting that their actions had led to dire consequences not only for themselves but also for innocent victims affected by the HIV/AIDS virus. In the United States, the American Red Cross announced the development of a computerised list of potential donors identified as either HIV-positive or at high risk for infection. This system was intended to prevent contaminated blood donations, but it raised concerns among local gay leaders, who feared that such a list could lead to discrimination against homosexuals. Dr. Carroll Spurting, director of Red Cross blood operations in California, attempted to assuage these fears, stating that confidentiality would be guaranteed, and that similar measures had been successfully implemented for hepatitis management in the past. However, Randy Pesquiera, coordinator of the AIDS Response Programme at the Gay and Lesbian Community Services Centre of Orange County, warned that marking someone as a gay person could lead to potential risks for those on the list, including possible discrimination from employers or insurers. He emphasised the importance of caution among homosexuals when considering blood donations, despite the Red Cross's reassurances regarding confidentiality. This situation reflected broader societal tensions surrounding the AIDS epidemic and the treatment of homosexual communities during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841119_2_74_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841119.2.74.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469623600
5353,19,11,1984,"The Press Monday, November 19, 1984. Keeping... (Press, 19 November 1984)","On 19 November 1984, The Press reported on the New Zealand Government's measures to manage the risk of A.I.D.S. infection in the country. This response followed recent tragic incidents in Queensland, Australia, where three babies died from receiving blood transfusions contaminated with the A.I.D.S. virus. In light of this situation, the Queensland Government enacted stringent legislation imposing severe penalties on blood donors who provide false information regarding their suitability to donate blood. Other Australian states might consider similar laws, motivated by the emotional impact of these cases. New Zealand's approach differs from the legislative route taken by Queensland, focusing instead on ensuring rigorous testing of blood donors and implementing awareness campaigns to deter potential A.I.D.S. carriers from donating blood. A.I.D.S. first emerged several years earlier in the United States and has predominantly affected male homosexuals, though the proportion of female victims has gradually increased, with over 6000 cases reported, most in the U.S. No effective cure has been found, and the transmission mechanisms of the virus remain poorly understood, with more than half of diagnosed cases proving fatal. While A.I.D.S. cases have been documented in New Zealand, they have all stemmed from homosexual contact acquired abroad, and thus far, no cases have arisen from imported contaminated blood. The new health measures announced by Minister of Health Dr Bassett are aimed at preventing the entry of contaminated blood products into New Zealand. However, effectively screening out A.I.D.S. carriers from the blood donation process presents a challenge, particularly since comprehensive testing to identify the virus before symptomatic development is not yet available. The proposed solution involves a blanket prohibition on blood donations from male donors with a history of homosexual relationships, relying heavily on the integrity of potential donors to disclose their risk status honestly. Despite the assumption that most people at risk would cooperate, past experiences in Australia have shown that even a single uninformed carrier can lead to serious health consequences. New Zealand's geographical isolation presents an advantage in the efforts to maintain an A.I.D.S.-free status, paralleling successful measures employed by the Ministry of Agriculture in preventing specific animal diseases like foot-and-mouth disease. However, similar vigilance is required to mitigate the risks that could emerge from individuals who, due to their activities overseas, may become carriers or victims of the virus. Long-term success in controlling A.I.D.S. in New Zealand hinges on the development and implementation of effective testing methods, alongside the continued reliance on the ethical considerations of blood donors in the interim.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841119_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841119.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469623600
5354,20,11,1984,"Haemophiliac Dies Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 20 November 1984)","A 33-year-old man named Terence McStay has died in Britain from A.I.D.S. after receiving a blood transfusion at Newcastle's Victoria Infirmary. Blood plasma used for his treatment was sourced from both Britain and the United States. While the hospital authorities have not confirmed the origin of the infection, it raises concerns about the safety of imported plasma potentially contaminated with the A.I.D.S. virus. As a precautionary measure, individuals identified as homosexuals and mainline drug users in Britain are now discouraged from donating blood. In New Zealand, Dr Graeme Woodfield, director of the Auckland Blood Transfusion Service, addressed the potential introduction of laws to penalise blood donors who knowingly put themselves at risk of A.I.D.S. He opined that such legislation would be unnecessary and could create long-term issues, particularly in prosecuting homosexuals who are already facing societal stress. Dr Woodfield noted that homosexuals in New Zealand had been cooperative in refraining from blood donation. He stressed that the blood service could not solely depend on female donors and that they could not exclude male donors entirely from the blood supply. Concerns surrounding A.I.D.S. have also hindered plans to establish New Zealand’s first A.I.D.S. clinic in Auckland. The A.I.D.S. Support Network aimed to open a counselling and sexually transmitted infections clinic near Auckland Hospital, but this initiative faced opposition from the public health nurses at the facility. Ms Carol Petersen, the principal public health nurse, expressed that the concept of an A.I.D.S. clinic would not mesh well with family health services, particularly due to the fear of cross-infection and space limitations within the existing health infrastructure. In Australia, the A.I.D.S. scare has prompted the Flinders Medical Centre in Adelaide to cease its artificial insemination programme. Professor Warren Jones, who heads the fertility clinic, announced the suspension despite no known cases of A.I.D.S. transmission to babies conceived via this method. However, concerns regarding the safety of donor sperm have led to caution regarding potential risks. Following similar rationale, Adelaide’s Queen Elizabeth Hospital also halted its artificial insemination services. To combat the spread of A.I.D.S., the Australian Federal Government has approved a financial grant of AUD 300,000 to establish a National Reference Centre. This centre will monitor blood screening tests to detect A.I.D.S. antibodies and is expected to begin operations by the end of 1985. The response from healthcare authorities in New Zealand and Australia indicates a growing awareness and concern over the implications of A.I.D.S. as well as the importance of ensuring the safety of blood supplies and reproductive health services.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841120_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841120.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469710000
7035,21,11,1984,"Suicide, Sex Change And Murder (Press, 21 November 1984)","On 21 November 1984, TVNZ reported on the complexities of suicide, highlighting its bewildering and traumatic impact on loved ones left behind. The story focused on a young man from Auckland who took his own life in September, despite seemingly having a promising future. The programme ""Close Up"" featured an interview with his family and friends, shedding light on the emotional aftermath of such a devastating decision. In a separate segment, the report presented Adrienne Clarke, a 21-year-old entertainer from Auckland who is navigating her young adult life much like many of her peers. Adrienne's story is unique, however, as she is actually a male named Ted Sheehan, who is planning to undergo a transformation. The narrative explores her aspirations and the challenges involved in her journey of change. The news story also delved into the controversial topic of immunity from prosecution for criminals. Phillip Melchior investigated how this legal concept allows certain individuals to provide evidence in court in exchange for protection from their own criminal activities, leading to cases where serious offenders may evade justice. Through these varied segments, the report emphasised the diverse and often challenging realities faced by individuals in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841121_2_77_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841121.2.77.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469796400
5355,22,11,1984,"‘A.I.D.S. Cannot Be Kept Out’ (Press, 22 November 1984)","On 22 November 1984, the Minister of Health in New Zealand, Dr Bassett, announced new measures aimed at combating A.I.D.S. However, the Health Department cautioned that these measures would not fully guarantee that the country's blood supply would be free from the virus. The main advancement includes the implementation of an antibody test for the htlv3 virus, which is linked to A.I.D.S. This testing is set to commence early in the following year, marking a significant step in blood safety. A positive result from this test would indicate that a donor is either infected with the A.I.D.S. virus or has previously come into contact with it. Dr Keith Ridings from the Health Department noted, however, that there is a possibility that some individuals could carry the virus without producing antibodies, thus eluding detection through the antibody test. He emphasised that while the test would significantly reduce risks associated with blood transfusions, the ultimate goal would be to develop a test that detects the virus itself, an advancement that is still unavailable. Dr Ridings estimated the annual cost of the antibody testing at around NZD 500,000 and highlighted that New Zealand might be the first nation to implement this type of testing on a national scale, likely due to its smaller size allowing for cost-effectiveness. As of now, New Zealand has not recorded any locally acquired cases of A.I.D.S., although three men who contracted the disease overseas have since returned, with one of them having died. The disease compromises the immune system severely, making individuals more vulnerable to other infections and diseases, including certain cancers. In response to the heightened risk, the Health Department has advised homosexuals—who are at a greater risk of contracting A.I.D.S.—not to donate blood. Concerns have been raised by the A.I.D.S. Support Network, an organisation established by the homosexual community for education and welfare purposes. Mr Bruce Burnett, the group’s co-ordinator, expressed apprehension that the antibody test could become a vehicle for discrimination against homosexual individuals. He pointed out that a positive test does not necessarily mean a person will develop A.I.D.S., leaving many individuals in a state of uncertainty regarding their health status. He also mentioned potential risks seen in the United States, where there is concern that lists of individuals who test positive might be improperly accessed and stigmatised as homosexuals. He concluded by expressing faith in the New Zealand health authorities, suggesting that they would maintain the confidentiality of such sensitive information.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841122_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841122.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469882800
5356,22,11,1984,"Cable Briefs (Press, 22 November 1984)","On 22 November 1984, a significant break in the ongoing British coal strike occurred as around 900 miners resumed work, contributing to over 3,000 miners who had left the strike in recent days, according to the State-owned National Coal Board. This development came amid escalating tensions, as pickets had set up flaming barricades and vandalised a colliery powerhouse at Welldale, where equipment was destroyed and documents were shredded. There were several arrests linked to the vandalism, but no injuries reported. In other news, animal rights activists sent Mars Bars containing rat poison to the 8.8.C. and the ""Sunday Mirror,"" which was confirmed by Scotland Yard to contain a substance called Alphakil. Although Alphakil is generally harmless to humans in small doses, its presence raised alarm. Additionally, the Indian Supreme Court mandated that Associated Press correspondent Brahma Chellaney report to Punjab police to assist in investigations regarding a report he filed in June, which the Punjab state government claimed violated press laws and incited communal unrest. In cultural news, renowned Pakistani poet Faiz Ahmad Faiz, known for his impactful Urdu poetry and political activism, passed away in Lahore at the age of 73. Faiz had been hospitalized for heart troubles shortly before his death and was also a recipient of the Lenin Peace Prize, having supported the Palestine Liberation Organisation. In Australia, blood donation centres experienced a surge in female donors in response to a campaign aimed at reducing the risk of AIDS transmission through blood transfusions. In Queensland, only blood from female donors is being used for transfusions due to concerns over contamination from blood supplied by homosexual men. Lastly, Irish Prime Minister Dr Garret Fitz Gerald faced substantial criticism following a recent summit with British leaders, described by the ""Irish Press"" as an unnecessary meeting that yielded disappointing results. The ""Irish Times"" echoed this sentiment, suggesting that the modest outcomes of the meeting would likely lead to disappointment among the public and within Dr Fitz Gerald's Fine Gael party. In Grenada, the trial of 19 individuals accused of murdering Prime Minister Maurice Bishop was adjourned indefinitely by the Chief Justice due to ongoing challenges in establishing a defence team. The trial was initially scheduled to begin but faced multiple delays since the coup that led to the Prime Minister's death on 19 October 1983.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841122_2_77_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841122.2.77.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469882800
6708,22,11,1984,"Graffiti Can Violate Our Rights (Press, 22 November 1984)","The issue of graffiti as a form of protest among women has sparked discussions regarding societal perceptions and the implications of such actions. Some feminist groups have taken to the streets at night to express their messages through graffiti, advocating for women's safety and reclaiming public spaces. The Avon loop area in Christchurch has witnessed a series of feminist graffiti, including messages like ""Women, reclaim the night"" and ""Dead men don’t rape,"" which have ignited both recognition and backlash within the community. Many residents believe that the anonymous nature of the graffiti diminishes its credibility, echoing sentiments of violation akin to those felt by sexual assault victims. Research conducted by local authorities indicates that women may actually be more prone to defacing public property than previously assumed, challenging the stereotype that graffiti is predominantly a male activity. Tests conducted in local female and male changing rooms have revealed that women leave more inscriptions, often of a personal nature, in comparison to the boys' areas, leading officials to comment on the disproportionate costs incurred by the frequent need to repaint the female sections. The activities of female graffiti writers seem to reflect their psychological engagement with their environment; the messages inscribed often align with the sentiments of their creators. The maximum penalty for such actions in Christchurch is three months imprisonment or a $1000 fine, and possession of spray cans can serve as evidence against offenders. This raises questions about the motivation behind women’s engagement in this form of vandalism and whether it signifies a deeper need for expression or rebellion within societal confines. Additionally, preparations are underway for the Women's Decade Festival in Christchurch, aimed at promoting women's creativity and empowerment. Scheduled for May 31 through June 2, 1985, the event is expected to attract around 1500 participants and will feature a range of workshops, arts, and performances. Organisers are actively seeking sponsors and volunteers to ensure the festival’s success. Furthermore, the article discusses the creation of a new journal titled ""Race-Gender-Class Radical Studies Forum,"" which aims to facilitate discussions around critical social issues, including Māori self-determination and feminism. This initiative underscores the continued focus on women's rights and gender equality in New Zealand, especially in light of the Women's Decade. Lastly, personal development perspectives are shared by Noeline Macdonald, a senior education inspector, who emphasises the importance of self-confidence, preparation, and prioritisation for career success. The diverse range of reported activities reflects a broader movement towards recognition and action concerning women’s roles in both public and private spheres during this transformative period in New Zealand's history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841122_2_93_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841122.2.93.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469882800
5357,22,11,1984,"Jesus: The Evidence — A Preview (Press, 22 November 1984)","Colin Brown, from the Religious Studies Department at the University of Canterbury, evaluates the content of a new television programme titled “Jesus: the Evidence,” which is set to premiere on 23 November 1984 at 10:25 p.m. This series consists of three parts and has already sparked controversy since its airing in Britain. Critics, including prominent Anglican Evangelical Michael Green, have labelled it as “highly tendentious,” aiming to discredit Christianity, while a Roman Catholic statement referred to it as promoting “wild and eccentric theories” that contribute to scepticism surrounding the faith. Brown provides an overview of the historical sources pertaining to Jesus. He mentions that the Jewish historian Josephus, the Talmud, and various Latin authors contain references that indicate Jesus was an actual figure in Palestine, who gathered followers and was executed by Pontius Pilate. In addition to the New Testament gospels, there are more than 50 other gospels or fragments that offer various perspectives on Jesus, although many scholars agree that they contribute minimally to our historical understanding of him. The primary documents for understanding Jesus remain the four canonical gospels, which have been scrutinised intensively over the past two centuries using historical methodologies, though there is considerable scholarly debate on their interpretations and implications. The gospels are primarily seen as expressions of Christian beliefs rather than strict historical accounts. The earliest gospel, Mark, dates around 65 A.D., while Matthew and Luke follow, and John comes later, around 100 A.D. Despite the controversies surrounding interpretations, there are shared conclusions among scholars. A particularly provocative theory presented in the series suggests that Jesus may have been a homosexual, which elicits surprise due to traditional Jewish values around marriage. However, both the series and author Ian Wilson ultimately dismiss this theory. Another significant perspective posited in the series is that the figure of Jesus may be entirely a product of Christian imagination, as argued by G. A. Wells, who points to the lack of detailed references to Jesus' life in Paul's letters. Nonetheless, this viewpoint faces substantial rejection among mainstream scholars. Other theories explored include S. G. F. Brandon's political interpretation of Jesus' ministry and Morton Smith's notion of Jesus as a magician involved in esoteric rituals, which has also faced criticism regarding its validity. Geza Vermes, a contemporary scholar included in the series, considers Jesus as a notable Jewish charismatic figure rather than the Messiah as understood in Christian orthodoxy. Vermes argues that the titles associated with Jesus, like “Son of Man” and “Son of God,” did not have their later exalted meanings during Jesus' time, suggesting a transformation of Jesus' image by his followers after his death. As the programme nears its airing in New Zealand, it is expected to generate significant discourse, particularly around its criticisms of orthodox Christian beliefs, including the resurrection. Brown acknowledges that while there are credible points raised in the series, many aspects demand careful and critical consideration rather than outright dismissal. He suggests that the reactions to the series reflect a wider issue of religious understanding in contemporary society, echoing similar sentiments expressed by others regarding the public's grasp of biblical themes and figures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841122_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841122.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469882800
5359,23,11,1984,"A.I.D.S (Press, 23 November 1984)","On 23 November 1984, a letter to the editor was published in response to comments made by Lance Shilton, the Dean of Sydney, regarding the AIDS epidemic. Shilton had attributed the rise of AIDS to what he described as a ""soft attitude"" towards homosexuals and suggested that gay activists had disregarded God's laws, leading to dire consequences for both themselves and innocent individuals. The writer, Graham Parton, challenged Shilton's views, presenting an alternative perspective on the AIDS crisis. He pointed out that AIDS originated in Africa, where the virus affects a higher number of men than women, contradicting the implication that homosexual behaviour is the primary cause of its spread. Parton highlighted that heterosexual promiscuity is actually the most significant risk factor for contracting the virus. Furthermore, Parton referenced Dr Nathan Clumeck, a leading AIDS researcher from the University of Brussels, who warned that the situation in Africa could mirror future developments in the United States and potentially other parts of the Western world. He concluded by asserting that Shilton's comments were based on misinformation and argued for a more informed and compassionate approach to the discussion around AIDS and its implications for society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841123_2_80_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841123.2.80.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469969200
5358,23,11,1984,"Des Monaghan To Defend Decision (Press, 23 November 1984)","On 23 November 1984, Television New Zealand (TVNZ) announced that it would hold a discussion featuring its own programming controller, Des Monaghan, regarding the airing of the contentious series, ""Jesus, The Evidence."" Scheduled to be broadcast on 14 December, this British three-part programme has drawn significant attention and sparked debate due to its provocative content, including suggestions that Jesus Christ may have been homosexual. In the lead-up to the series, producers sought to include diverse perspectives in the discussions surrounding the programme. They expressed a particular interest in finding an atheist or agnostic participant to contribute to the dialogue. Producer Morehu McDonald noted that while many individuals were eager to join the panels, the challenge lay in achieving the right mix of voices. Mr Monaghan was set to offer his rationale for the decision to screen the series in a debate featuring representatives from established churches. According to McDonald, one of the church representatives would be from a more conservative denomination, while the other would represent a fundamentalist view. Following the airing of the documentary series, a separate discussion titled ""The Response"" would be hosted by regular ""Credo"" reporters Naomi Trigg and Sandra Burt. This segment was intended to run 50 minutes and would address viewers' reactions to the series after they had seen all three parts. Since the announcement of the series, anticipation among the audience has been heightened, reflecting a broader curiosity about contemporary views on Christianity and its interpretation. The inclusion of controversial themes in the series has prompted responses from various religious groups, which have expressed both criticism and concern about the implications of the content being presented on national television.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841123_2_75_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841123.2.75.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,469969200
5361,26,11,1984,"Jesus Programme Gets Little Reaction (Press, 26 November 1984)","On 26 November 1984, Television New Zealand reported that the initial screening of the documentary ""Jesus—the Evidence,"" which had provoked months of protests, resulted in minimal viewer reaction. Colin Hindson, a public relations executive for the network, noted that there were no calls in Auckland and only four in Wellington regarding the programme, marking it as a significant lack of response amid the anticipation of controversy. Hindson expressed hope that the opponents of the documentary might reconsider their stance and acknowledge the programme’s merit. Pastor Barry Buckley, a spokesperson for the protest group Mobilise for Jesus and one of the organisers of the demonstrations against the documentary, shared his thoughts on the screening. He indicated that the programme did not trouble him, stating it did not ""rattle my cage or raise my blood pressure."" However, he expressed disagreement with the perspectives that aimed to diminish Jesus' significance, critiquing the rationalistic viewpoint of the documentary. Buckley argued that while the documentary could have some benefits in motivating Christians to defend their beliefs actively, the ideas presented were not particularly novel, but merely compiled from existing views. Overall, despite the anticipated backlash, the public’s reaction to the screening was underwhelming, suggesting that the protests may not have had the desired effect on audience engagement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841126_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841126.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470228400
5360,26,11,1984,"Stronger Line On A.I.D.S. Favoured (Press, 26 November 1984)","A recent poll indicates that a significant majority of New Zealanders support prosecuting blood donors who knowingly put others at risk of contracting AIDS. The survey, conducted by “Sunday”-AGB Spectrum and featured on a television programme, found that 82 per cent of participants, out of a sample of 520, were in favour of legal action against such donors, while only 18 per cent opposed it. Overall, the results showed that 92 per cent of respondents expressed concern over AIDS, with just 4 per cent unconcerned. When looking at different age groups, the poll revealed that younger individuals, specifically those aged 18 to 29, were less worried about AIDS compared to older demographics. Among those aged 30 to 39, 91 per cent were anxious about the disease, which rose to 97 per cent among respondents aged 40 to 49, whereas concern slightly dipped to 94 per cent among those over 50. There was notable support for increased governmental action to combat AIDS. Eighty-four per cent of those surveyed believed the government should allocate more funds to enhance blood donation screening for the virus, while only 6 per cent suggested this should be postponed and 10 per cent opposed any financial investment in screening. When asked if only women should be permitted to donate blood, 57 per cent agreed, with a breakdown revealing 64 per cent of women in favour compared to 49 per cent of men. The poll, which was conducted recently with a margin of error of plus or minus 5 per cent, also disclosed that an impressive 95 per cent of participants were aware of AIDS. In response to the findings, the Wellington Lesbian and Gay Rights Resource Centre argued that the AIDS crisis provides a strong case for decriminalising male homosexual activity. The centre's administrator, Philip Parkinson, pointed out that some homosexual men might feel compelled to donate blood to disguise their sexual orientation to their employers, families, or friends. He noted that societal pressures might lead them to give blood, and suggested that not participating could result in accusations of being homosexual. Parkinson argued for the decriminalisation of male homosexual activities on equal terms as heterosexual activities, as well as extending the Human Rights Commission Act to offer protections for gay individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841126_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841126.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470228400
5362,27,11,1984,"A.I.D.S.-free Blood Clotting Agent Found (Press, 27 November 1984)","On 27 November 1984, scientists in Britain and the United States announced a significant breakthrough in the production of a blood-clotting agent for haemophiliacs, which is guaranteed to be free of the A.1.b.5. virus, associated with AIDS. While promising, the new product is projected to take two to five years before it becomes commercially available, as clinical trials are still needed. The achievement centres on the cloning of Factor 8, a critical blood-clotting agent that many haemophiliacs rely on to prevent potentially fatal bleeding episodes. Currently, around 3,000 of the 4,000 haemophiliacs in Britain depend on regular doses of Factor 8, which is traditionally extracted from pooled blood donations, putting them at risk of infections like AIDS and hepatitis. These risks have been highlighted by recent tragedies, including the death of Terence McStay, a 33-year-old haemophiliac who was not a homosexual, from AIDS after using Factor 8. The cloning process allows for a safer and unlimited supply of Factor 8 as it isolates and amplifies the gene responsible for producing the clotting factor, completely circumventing the dangers of blood-borne viruses associated with donor blood. Dr Frances Rotblat from the Royal Free Hospital in London, where part of this research took place, expressed optimism over the new method, underscoring the potential to provide a reliable and safe source of Factor 8. Prominent figures in the field, including Dr Charles Rizza from Oxford's haemophilia centre, cautioned that while the cloning of Factor 8 is promising, extensive clinical trials are vital to ensure that no new risks replace the current dangers of AIDS. A recent study highlighted the seriousness of ongoing risks as it found that a third of haemophiliacs had developed antibodies to AIDS, indicating previous exposure, although only a minority of those exposed are likely to develop the disease. In response to the pressing need for safer products, starting from next April, all British-produced Factor 8 will undergo a treatment process designed to inactivate the AIDS virus. However, this new procedure is expected to diminish the clotting efficacy of the product, underscoring the significant challenges still facing haemophilia treatment. Overall, while the advances in cloning technology represent a monumental step forward, the need for rigorous testing and monitoring remains essential to safeguard the health of haemophiliacs. The scientific community is hopeful that these innovations will revolutionise treatment options in the coming years.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841127_2_164.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841127.2.164,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470314800
5363,27,11,1984,"Central African A.I.D.S. Epidemic Feared (Press, 27 November 1984)","On 27 November 1984, a report from the ""Guardian"" highlighted that one of Britain's largest blood transfusion centres, the North London Blood Transfusion Centre in Edgeware, has advised individuals from Central Africa against donating blood. This recommendation arises amid growing concerns about a potential A.I.D.S. epidemic linked to Zaire and Zambia. The report notes that four of the five female victims of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Britain had connections to Africa due to their birth, work, or their husbands' employment. With approximately 180,000 donations received each year, the North London Blood Transfusion Centre has specifically requested that individuals born in Zaire and the Congo, along with their sexual partners, refrain from donating blood. The Health Department is expected to align with this precaution by implementing new guidelines concerning A.I.D.S. and blood donors. The outbreak of A.I.D.S. in Central Africa, particularly in Zaire, Zambia, and Rwanda, is alarming. Medical research indicates that the region could see about 10,000 new cases annually in the southern cities of Nigeria. Notably, research conducted by the Medical Research Council's laboratory in the Gambia found that antibodies to the A.I.D.S. virus are present in 5 per cent of blood donors in Zaire. These findings contradict the perception that A.I.D.S. predominantly affects male homosexuals. In Kinshasa, Zaire, half of those affected are women, and the majority of the men identified are heterosexual. This pattern is further supported by data from Belgium, where 23 victims were male heterosexuals and nine were women. In response to the escalating health crisis, the North London Transfusion Centre has created a leaflet outlining several reasons for individuals to avoid blood donation. Among these reasons are being pregnant, undergoing acupuncture or earpiercing, having a history of cancer, jaundice, or being a practising homosexual, intravenous drug user, or someone born in Haiti, Zaire, or the Congo, along with their partners. Additionally, those who have travelled to tropical areas are advised against donating. As a broad precaution, the leaflet includes a final advisory to refrain from donating blood if one is not feeling ""100 per cent fit today."" This guidance reflects the increasing awareness and response to the A.I.D.S. epidemic, as health authorities seek to manage the risks associated with blood transfusions during a time of significant concern surrounding the disease and its transmission routes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841127_2_165.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841127.2.165,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470314800
5365,28,11,1984,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 28 November 1984)","In a letter published on 28 November 1984, Varian J. Wilson expresses concern over the coverage of the AIDS crisis and its implications on societal attitudes towards homosexuality. He criticises the media for promoting the views of gay organisations, which he believes leverage the AIDS crisis to advocate for the decriminalisation of homosexual acts. Wilson argues that this perspective is part of a broader narrative that undermines the opinions of professionals who oppose the idea of granting ""human rights"" to what he labels as criminals. He feels that these professionals, who understand the risks associated with the transmission of AIDS, are not given a platform to voice their concerns, while gay spokespersons and their supporters receive significant airtime. He specifically points out a doctor's remarks on a Sunday television debate regarding the transmission of AIDS, implying that the seriousness of the issue is being glossed over. Wilson maintains that AIDS is primarily spread through sodomy, asserting that it is not a disease transmitted through innocent interactions such as holding hands. He expresses alarm at what he perceives as a threat posed by ""predatory homosexuals,"" suggesting that they could potentially target young heterosexuals and spread the disease. Wilson implies that the legal system is failing to protect victims of such actions, as they are often vilified rather than the offenders being prosecuted. He concludes his letter by calling for a stricter stance on what he terms homosexual criminals, advocating for a stronger societal response to the AIDS crisis as it relates to sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841128_2_108_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841128.2.108.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470401200
5364,28,11,1984,"Claims Amaze Mr Lange (Press, 28 November 1984)","On 28 November 1984, Prime Minister David Lange addressed concerns raised by opponents of a United Nations convention aimed at banning discrimination against women. Critics claimed that the convention would lead to the legalisation of homosexual marriage and other extreme outcomes, prompting Lange to express his astonishment at the “misinformation” being propagated. He characterised the opponents' submissions as filled with “prejudice, misconceptions and downright dishonesty,” claiming it was the worst he had encountered in his eight years as a parliamentarian. Lange referenced bizarre allegations made by some, including suggestions that the convention would result in a ban on the Bible within households. He dismissed these claims as “extraordinary wrong statements,” emphasising that it was vital for New Zealanders, given their history of human rights legislation, to support efforts that aim to empower women on a global scale. He articulated that the ratification of the convention would signify New Zealand's commitment to improving the lives of women and enhancing their roles in society, moving away from historical treatment of women as subordinate figures. The Prime Minister assured that ratifying the convention would not directly alter New Zealand's domestic laws. He indicated that the Government planned to proceed with ratification following discussions with the governments of Niue and the Cook Islands, believing it could be completed by the end of the year or early the following year. Overall, Lange conveyed optimism and a belief in New Zealand's potential to contribute positively to international efforts against discrimination, particularly concerning women's rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841128_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841128.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470401200
6709,28,11,1984,"Commission Support (Press, 28 November 1984)","In March 1983, the New Zealand Human Rights Commission presented a report to Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon, advocating for the ratification of a women's rights convention. Despite some public concerns, a follow-up report was prepared in August 1984 to address these worries comprehensively. The latest report outlined several key points regarding the implications of ratification. Firstly, it clarified New Zealand's obligations under the convention, asserting that international conventions do not alter national law or sovereignty, and do not impose duties on individual citizens. The report dismissed fears of a ""genderless society,"" explaining that the convention promotes equality without negating differences between men and women. Addressing the apprehension around potential support for ""abortion on demand,"" the commission highlighted that the convention endorses reproductive rights without classifying abortion as a fundamental human right. Concerns regarding the creation of a ""Godless society"" were also allayed, as the report pointed out that religious freedoms are protected under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which New Zealand had already ratified. The report tackled fears about single-sex schools, stating that the convention does not impose any restrictions on such institutions, nor does it mandate changes in government funding. It emphasised that access to education should be equitable but does not force individuals into unwanted areas of study. On the issue of the term ""stereotype,"" the commission noted that the convention aims to eliminate harmful stereotypes without undermining traditional roles unless they are deemed undesirable. Furthermore, the report reassured that the convention does not diminish the value of marriage or family, as it acknowledges the vital roles of both parents and does not mandate any changes to childcare arrangements. Concerns about the possibility of recognising ""lesbian marriages"" were countered by clarifying that the convention's articles regarding marriage specifically refer to relationships between men and women. The report addressed fears related to the phrase ""the new economic order,"" explaining that it denotes a desire for equity and justice, a goal that aligns with promoting equality between genders. Lastly, the commission emphasised the positive implications of ratification, arguing that New Zealand, known for its good human rights record, should engage in international discussions to influence global standards positively. It suggested that opting out would not only harm New Zealand’s standing but also hinder opportunities to support the rights of the underprivileged globally. The report concluded that just like athletes prepare for the Olympics, engaging with international human rights forums is essential for continuous improvement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841128_2_161.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841128.2.161,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470401200
5367,28,11,1984,"Council’s Gay Rights Package Costly (Press, 28 November 1984)","A report advocating for the public expression of affection among homosexual individuals has been approved by Leftwing councillors in Hackney Borough, a notably impoverished area of East London. The report, cited by the ""Daily Mail,"" argues that homosexual men and women should feel free to kiss and hold hands in public without fear of ridicule. It also calls for the implementation of policies to enhance the rights of homosexual individuals, especially in regards to bereavement or illness of partners, suggesting they should be entitled to special leave comparable to that of married couples. The report includes proposals that would require landscaping specific areas of parks for homosexual individuals, complete with wardens to prevent harassment from heterosexuals. The financial undertaking for these proposals is estimated to be at least £1 million (approximately NZ$2.56 million), as approved by the council's leisure committee. Furthermore, the proposals emphasise the importance of creating inclusive environments, recommending initiatives such as encouraging homosexuals to work with children and designating specific ""gay only"" days at baths and sports centres. In addition to these initiatives, the report suggests hiring a dedicated “gays-only” librarian and discouraging anti-homosexual jokes in public performances. It also recommends the inclusion of literature for children that features stories about those with homosexual parents. These developments have elicited mixed reactions, with Conservative councillor Mr Bernard Lansman voicing his concerns that implementing such measures could subject the council to significant criticism and ridicule. The Hackney council has recently faced legal challenges, being fined £10,000 (about NZ$25,600) for neglecting to conduct repairs in a tenant's house. A judge labelled the council's actions as “oppressive” towards its tenants. Additionally, another High Court judge condemned the council for its practice of holding “secret” meetings, which excluded opposition councillors. The court ruled that this practice was unlawful and required the council to cover legal costs of approximately £10,000. These controversies surrounding the Hackney Borough Council highlight the tensions between progressive policies aimed at inclusivity for homosexual individuals and the council's existing governance issues and legal troubles. Currently, discussions around these proposals continue, alongside criticism of the council's overall transparency and conduct towards its community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841128_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841128.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470401200
5366,28,11,1984,"Lesbians Meet To Discuss The Gay Perspective (Press, 28 November 1984)","On 28 November 1984, a conference of elderly lesbians took place in London, where participants demanded the establishment of all-woman cemeteries. The attendees highlighted that not enough attention had been given to death from a ""lesbian perspective."" The conference, which received support from London’s Labour Islington Council, also advocated for the creation of lesbian-only housing for elderly individuals and called for a charter to safeguard against workplace discrimination aimed at lesbians, particularly those employed as teachers of young children. The delegates expressed their frustration over the presence of heterosexual teachers who openly shared aspects of their personal lives, such as wearing wedding rings and discussing their relationships at school functions. They argued that this behaviour was not inclusive of the diverse experiences of lesbian educators. Despite the serious nature of the discussions, the proposal for lesbian cemeteries was met with criticism from local politicians, including Mr David Hyams, the opposition leader of Islington council. He referred to the idea as “dead dotty,” asserting that death is a universal experience that does not discriminate based on sexual orientation, and the emotional impact of bereavement was the same for everyone. A representative from the Gay Switchboard highlighted the challenges faced by gay individuals during times of bereavement, noting that they often encounter difficulties with their deceased partner's family, who may prevent them from attending funerals despite long-term relationships. The conference aimed to address these specific issues while promoting a broader understanding and acceptance of the experiences of lesbians in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841128_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841128.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470401200
5368,29,11,1984,"Trio Attacked Man In His Flats (Press, 29 November 1984)","In the District Court on 29 November 1984, three men were convicted of assaulting Richard James Derry, following a belief that a homosexual rape had been perpetrated against one of the attacker's younger brothers. The defendants, Andrew David Thomas (20), Michael James Williams (24), and David Allan Williams (22), admitted to the assault which took place on 4 November. They caused an estimated $400 worth of damage to Derry's property and physically assaulted him, resulting in serious injuries that required hospital treatment. Each defendant was remanded for probation reports and sentencing, with bail set at $2,000. Separately, a seaman, Edward Francis Karaitiana, was sentenced to four months in jail for violently disciplining his de facto wife's five-year-old son. Karaitiana admitted to striking the child with a hearth brush and a cord and also assaulted the child's mother when she reported him. Judge Bisphan strongly condemned Karaitiana's actions, stating the community was fed up with violence and the punishment the child received was excessively brutal. Further cases included Steven Charles McLintock, a 20-year-old roofer, who was convicted of perjury after lying in a traffic case to protect a friend. He was committed to the High Court for sentencing, with bail set at $1,500. Two others, Darryl John Munro and Gordon Ashford Moulder, also faced perjury charges stemming from the same case and were remanded on bail. Charges against 24-year-old Kevin Anthony Alan Longstaffe were withdrawn by police, as he was serving an eight-year sentence in Australia for armed robbery after escaping from a New Zealand remand prison. In another case, a 28-year-old housewife, Angeline Tamati Rangiuaia, was fined $75 for cultivating 25 cannabis plants in her glasshouse. She claimed to have grown the plants to alleviate her depression, which she discussed with police. Lastly, John Te Waititi Kupa, aged 34, admitted to assaulting a witness connected to a serious upcoming court case. After confronting the witness at his workplace, Kupa punched him but was restrained by the complainant’s colleagues. Due to previous breaches of bail conditions, Kupa was remanded in custody for a probation report and sentencing. Desmond Walter Chittenden, a fitter and turner, faces charges for assaulting an 11-year-old girl, with the case remanded without plea. The incident reportedly occurred on 25 November.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841129_2_89_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841129.2.89.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470487600
6931,30,11,1984,"Attempted Fraud Charge (Press, 30 November 1984)","On 30 November 1984, a report detailed various criminal cases heard in the District Court. Toni Ariel Rogers, a 19-year-old unemployed transvestite, was charged with attempting to defraud using a stolen Diners Club card to acquire property valued at $10,000. Sergeant A. T. Smith stated that no stolen items had been recovered, and further charges were anticipated. Rogers was remanded in custody until 6 December by Judge Bisphan. In a separate case, 18-year-old Sharon Marie Cox received a sentence of up to 200 hours of community service for the robbery of a 15-year-old girl, during which Cox punched and stole a bag and purse worth $46. The Judge, Mr K. J. Grave, noted it was unusual to impose a community-based sentence for such a crime, especially as it was Cox's first offence. The robbery occurred in a telephone box in Cathedral Square on 13 November. Nicholas James Stickings, who was previously convicted of selling cannabis and cultivating plants, was sentenced to four months of periodic detention and ordered to pay $65 in compensation to police. In another instance, Sonny Thomas Reweti, a 27-year-old factory worker, was charged with assaulting two police officers during a gang-related disturbance in Cathedral Square on 28 November. His bail was opposed due to public safety concerns, and he was remanded in custody until 6 December. Dana Wrathall, a 21-year-old solo mother, was also charged with assaulting a police officer alongside Reweti and was granted bail of $750 until 6 December. An indecency charge was levied against 18-year-old John Robert Green, who allegedly assaulted a 23-year-old woman in a Christchurch street on a recent Wednesday night; he was remanded on bail of $1,000 until 6 December without entering a plea. David Owen Williams, aged 27 and unemployed, faced charges of forgery related to withdrawing bank funds totalling $3,630 and opted for a trial by jury. He was remanded on bail of $1,500 until 4 February for depositions regarding offences committed on 11 September. Lastly, Peter Geoffrey Whall received an added three-month sentence for escaping from Paparua Prison on 3 November. Upon capture, Whall explained to police he intended to turn himself in as he was ""fed up"" with evading authorities. His defence highlighted that while on the run, he had not committed any further crimes, and he alleged a nervous disorder had prompted his escape due to difficulties with other inmates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841130_2_95_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841130.2.95.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470574000
7105,30,11,1984,"Gays Win Battle (Press, 30 November 1984)","On 30 November 1984, a notable ruling came from San Francisco, where a judge lifted a ban on bathhouses that served the gay community. This decision by Judge Roy Wonder followed a previous closure order that had been in place for seven weeks, aimed at curbing the spread of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which was particularly impacting homosexuals. City officials had linked the rapid transmission of the disease to multiple sexual encounters often occurring in bathhouses. In his ruling, Judge Wonder permitted the bathhouses to reopen but imposed strict regulations on their operations. These included the prohibition of private rooms, the requirement to remove doors from cubicles, and the mandate for owners to employ personnel to monitor activities within the premises to prevent sexual encounters. The closure had sparked significant controversy and resistance from gay rights activists, who contended that the ban infringed upon personal liberties and would not effectively manage the AIDS crisis. Despite the lifted ban, the imposed restrictions indicate ongoing tensions between public health considerations and the rights of the gay community to express their sexuality in designated spaces.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841130_2_64_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841130.2.64.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470574000
5369,01,12,1984,"Announcement From Pulpit (Press, 1 December 1984)","On 1 December 1984, a significant event occurred at St Aidan’s Church in Remuera, Auckland, where curate Mr Peter Appleby openly declared his homosexuality during a sermon. This announcement marked the conclusion of his tenure at the church, as he had decided to resign from the ministry. During the service, Mr Appleby spoke about the inclusiveness of the Church regarding the LGBTQ+ community and chose to highlight his point by revealing his membership in the ""gay community."" His vicar, the Rev. Roy Everall, noted that the congregation had mixed reactions to Mr Appleby's declaration. Some members were saddened, while others were shocked, although it was acknowledged that a portion of the congregation was already aware of Mr Appleby's sexual orientation. Rev. Everall expressed understanding of Mr Appleby’s reasons for resigning but indicated that he believed the revelation of his sexual orientation during the sermon was somewhat unnecessary. Mr Appleby had been serving in the ministry for three years and was active in performing ceremonies, including giving Communion. His decision to announce his homosexuality from the pulpit sparked discussions about the Church's stance on inclusivity towards gay individuals within its community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841201_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841201.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470660400
7154,03,12,1984,"A.I.D.S. Victim ‘made Many Friends’ (Press, 3 December 1984)","A 27-year-old man suffering from AIDS passed away in Wellington on Wednesday, 3 December 1984, leaving behind a community deeply saddened by his loss. The Wellington AIDS Support Network expressed that he had made many friends in his short time in the city and would be greatly missed. The network, along with the Wellington gay community, joined the man’s family and friends in mourning his death, stressing the importance of privacy for those affected. A spokesman for the network, Mr Bruce Burnett, highlighted the man’s responsible nature, reassuring the public that he did not pose any risk to others regarding the transmission of AIDS. The network requested that the family and friends be spared further media attention and publicity during their time of grief.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841203_2_126.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841203.2.126,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470833200
5370,03,12,1984,"Tv Episode Draws Five Complaints (Press, 3 December 1984)","The television episode titled ""Jesus, the Evidence,"" which proposed the possibility of Jesus Christ having homosexual tendencies, elicited a minimal response from viewers, according to Colin Hindson, the public relations executive of Television New Zealand. Mr Hindson reported that the controversial episode, part of a three-part series aired on Friday evening, received only five complaints from viewers in Wellington. Interestingly, the episode did not provoke any reactions in the South Island or Auckland.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841203_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841203.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470833200
5371,04,12,1984,"Fouled Blood Kills Infant (Press, 4 December 1984)","A tragic incident in Brisbane has resulted in the death of a fourth baby due to complications from blood transfusions tainted with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus. This latest death, confirmed by a spokesperson from the Mater Children's Hospital, occurred on Saturday, 1 December 1984. The hospital has withheld additional information regarding the case. Previously, in November 1984, Queensland's state Health Minister, Mr Brian Austin, had announced that three other infants had similarly died after receiving transfusions from the same contaminated blood batch. The source of the tainted blood has been traced back to a 27-year-old male homosexual. The deaths of these infants have raised significant concerns regarding blood safety and the screening processes in place to prevent the spread of such viruses through transfusions. The hospital's administration is under scrutiny, and the broader implications for health policy and practices in Queensland are being discussed in light of these tragic events.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841204_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841204.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,470919600
5372,05,12,1984,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 5 December 1984)","In a letter published on 5 December 1984, Varian J. Wilson criticises what he perceives as the exploitation of the A.I.D.S. crisis by homosexual publicists. He dismisses the idea that “bigots and fanatics” are responsible for the spread of the disease, arguing instead that A.I.D.S., like other sexually-transmitted infections, spreads through sexual intercourse, with promiscuity being a significant factor. Wilson acknowledges that consensual homosexual acts should be allowed in private, but he suggests that such circumstances are seldom clear or straightforward. He brings attention to the issue of abuses against young boys, asserting that cases of corruption occur more frequently than the representation of consensual homosexual relationships in prison. He dismisses claims by gay advocates that children should have the option to choose a gay lifestyle, labelling this as nonsense and urging them to stop promoting what he considers a serious crime while the A.I.D.S. epidemic continues unresolved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841205_2_116_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841205.2.116.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471006000
7155,05,12,1984,"Six Homosexuals Treated For A.r.c. (Press, 5 December 1984)","On 5 December 1984, it was reported that six homosexuals in Auckland were receiving treatment for conditions related to AIDS (A.R.C.), a disease linked to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. According to Mr Bruce Burnett, co-ordinator of the AIDS Support Network, these individuals had contracted the illness while travelling overseas. The symptoms they exhibited included unexplained diarrhoea and swollen lymph nodes. Mr Burnett mentioned that the Health Department was considering the establishment of a confidential register for individuals diagnosed with AIDS. He expressed support for such a register, suggesting it would allow the monitoring of case numbers discreetly, without compromising the identities of those affected. Only the patients' general practitioners would have access to their names, and the information on the registry would be coded to ensure confidentiality. Dr Rod Ellis-Pegler, a consultant in infectious diseases at an Auckland Hospital, voiced his concerns regarding the idea of compulsory notification for AIDS-related conditions. He pointed out that the diagnoses for AIDS were often not definitive, suggesting that mandatory reporting could be problematic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841205_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841205.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471006000
5373,06,12,1984,"A.I.D.S. Expert Sees Problems (Press, 6 December 1984)","Dr Pearl Ma, a prominent expert on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), highlighted significant challenges facing New Zealand in addressing the disease, particularly concerning conservative attitudes towards male homosexuality and the associated laws. Speaking in Christchurch on 5 December 1984, she noted that many male homosexuals in New Zealand are hesitant to disclose their sexual orientation due to fear of societal repercussions, contrasting this with the more open environment for homosexuals in the United States. Dr Ma, who serves as the chief of clinical microbiology at St Vincent’s Hospital in New York, emphasised the necessity for surveillance programmes in every country, regardless of the current presence of AIDS. She warned that the disease would eventually reach all nations due to the global movement of populations. An essential component of these surveillance initiatives would be the establishment of safe centres for male homosexuals to seek help and information about AIDS. However, the existing legal barriers posed a significant obstacle to such efforts. She advocated for improved training for medical professionals to identify AIDS-related infections and stressed that education should extend to other high-risk groups, including drug addicts and haemophiliacs, as they also face significant risks related to AIDS. Dr Ma elaborated on the advancements in the United States, where individuals donating blood must complete a confidential questionnaire regarding their sexual orientation and drug use. This transparency allows for research opportunities using their blood, thereby ensuring their donations are not wasted. She pointed out that there is a strong lobby for homosexual rights in the United States, which has successfully compelled the government to allocate funds towards AIDS research, specifically citing the increasing spread of the disease among heterosexual populations. Since the first recorded case of AIDS, there has been a substantial rise in laboratory workloads, with a reported increase of up to 300 percent due to necessary testing procedures. Dr Ma noted that diagnostic capabilities in America had improved significantly, enabling AIDS to be diagnosed in just one minute. In her assessment, New Zealand's predicament mirrored that of the United States three years prior, indicating an urgent need for the government to initiate similar educational and surveillance programmes with adequate funding. Dr Ma also noted the concerning transmission of AIDS to women and children connected to homosexual men, particularly highlighting the role of bisexual men in spreading the disease. Despite a trend towards reduced promiscuity among homosexuals due to fears of AIDS, instances of high-risk behaviours persisted, with reports of some men having multiple partners in a single night at homosexual venues. She suggested that imposing restrictions on male blood donors could be an effective strategy to mitigate the spread of AIDS in New Zealand, yet urged against increasing panic among the general population. To reinforce this point, she cited that, after extensive testing in the United States, no heterosexual laboratory personnel had contracted the syndrome. Dr Ma's insights were shared during a lecture aimed at hospital administrators, health officials, and medical staff, underscoring the importance of increasing awareness and preparedness to combat the growing threat of AIDS in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841206_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841206.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471092400
5374,06,12,1984,"Traffic Officers Get Plastic Gloves (Press, 6 December 1984)","On 6 December 1984, New Zealand's Ministry of Transport announced that disposable plastic gloves would be made available to traffic officers who expressed concerns about the possibility of contracting A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) from motorists during breath tests. This decision was prompted by a recent ban on breath-testing imposed by traffic officers in New South Wales, who feared exposure to the disease through saliva left on breath-testing equipment by suspected drunken drivers. Dr Peter Dodwell, the Ministry's senior medical officer, clarified that the disposable gloves would serve as a precaution for officers concerned about the disease. However, he noted that the hygienic practices recommended to combat A.I.D.S. were consistent with those commonly advised for overall hygiene. Dr Dodwell pointed out that most of the approximately 6,500 A.I.D.S. cases recorded worldwide had originated from blood transfusions or homosexual contacts, with very few cases involving heterosexual individuals without blood transfusion history. He stated, ""Current medical opinion is that saliva and sweat are not likely to transmit the A.I.D.S. agent as are blood and other body fluids."" Furthermore, Dr Dodwell emphasized that breath-testing equipment used in New Zealand differed from that used in New South Wales, as New Zealand officers did not have to make contact with any part that had been in the motorist's mouth. However, he acknowledged that unique circumstances might lead officers to choose to wear gloves when interacting with individuals who were injured, violent, or heavily intoxicated. The Ministry would also consider reviewing procedures related to blood sampling, particularly in light of the concerns raised. As part of this initiative, the Ministry was preparing an information sheet for traffic officers to better inform them about A.I.D.S. and hygienic practices relevant to their duties. This response illustrates a proactive approach by the New Zealand authorities to address health concerns amid the evolving public knowledge regarding A.I.D.S. and its transmission routes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841206_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841206.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471092400
6932,07,12,1984,"Motorist Fined $l200 (Press, 7 December 1984)","On 6 December 1984, Neil David Patterson, a 17-year-old apprentice panel beater, was fined $1,200 and disqualified from driving for 18 months after causing the death of cyclist Peter John Seward in a tragic accident. The incident occurred on Clyde Road at 12.30 a.m. on 26 August 1984, when Patterson, distracted by a parachute he was towing and looking in the rear vision mirror, veered into the opposite lane and collided with Seward. Patterson failed to stop at the scene, leaving Seward in the road, and only learned of the seriousness of the incident later from friends. Seward died from severe head injuries on 2 September 1984. In court, Patterson expressed that he had acted out of confusion and fear at the time of the incident. His lawyer mentioned the stress Patterson faced due to his father's critical illness, and noted that Patterson later sought out Seward's family to apologise. In other court matters, Geoffrey Allan Falvey, 28, was fined $500 after being convicted for cultivating 30 cannabis plants at his home on 8 November. The judge acknowledged the seriousness of drug offences as Falvey explained he grew the cannabis for his personal use to save money. Fiona Mary Emslie, 22, was remanded in custody until 13 December on a charge of robbing a woman of a denim shoulder bag and its contents valued at $40, which occurred on 24 November. Meanwhile, Grant Page, 27, was found with 40 cannabis plants growing erratically in his back garden. On 3 December, he admitted to the police that he had thrown seeds into the garden and tended to them, which matched the disorganised growth of the plants. Page was remanded on bail of $750 to 19 December for a probation report and sentencing. Lastly, 19-year-old Toni Ariel Rogers appeared in court facing ten fraud charges and one charge of attempted fraud for allegedly obtaining property worth $10,000 using a stolen Diners Club card between 26 and 28 November. He was remanded in custody until 13 December. At the time of his arrest in Christchurch, Rogers, a transvestite, was attempting to buy air tickets to Australia with plans to travel to Egypt.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841207_2_34_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841207.2.34.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471178800
6933,08,12,1984,"Elements Overwhelmed (Press, 8 December 1984)","""Through The Eye of The Thorn,"" published in 1984 by Tauranga Moana Press, marks the debut work of both the publishing house and its author, Robert De Roo. As stated in accompanying promotional material, De Roo is a multifaceted individual—writer, batik painter, and publisher. The novel, however, has received criticism for its lacklustre quality as a piece of literature. The central theme of the novel appears to be a manifesto representing De Roo’s belief in a nascent “new mind” in New Zealand—a fusion of Māori and Pākehā cultures. This vision is personified through the character Moana, who is described as a “goddess” representing a new era, directly influencing the name of the publishing house as well. De Roo has invested considerable time in learning the Māori language, which showcases his cultural commitment, yet the novel ultimately leaves readers with a sense that the writing is more of an obligation than a genuine creative expression. Critique highlights that the approach feels self-important, resulting in a heavy tone. The author's narrative voice tends to resemble that of a lecturer, bordering on patronising. Most characters and situations presented in the novel come across as stereotypes, functioning primarily to convey De Roo's overarching message. Various societal themes such as pubs, drug use, gang confrontations, transvestitism, reborn Christians, temporary employment, and racial tensions are mentioned, but their depiction lacks depth or convincing representation. While these elements could serve as valid foundations for a compelling narrative, the execution in De Roo’s work is seen as inadequate. Although there is a commendable sincerity and ambition in the author’s endeavour, the resulting novel does not elicit enthusiasm. It is particularly noted that the intended realist nature of ""Through the Eye of the Thorn"" falls short. The characters are not constructed with the depth necessary for a gripping plot, ultimately leading to a narrative where the author’s perspective overshadows the essential components of character and story development. Overall, while Tom Weston’s review acknowledges the sincerity behind the work, it concludes that ""Through the Eye of the Thorn"" struggles to achieve its ambitious vision due to its reliance on clichés and a lack of dimensionality in both characters and plot.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841208_2_120_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841208.2.120.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471265200
6934,12,12,1984,"Man Admits Receiving Videos (Press, 12 December 1984)","On 12 December 1984, the District Court heard several cases involving theft, drug offences, and other criminal activities. Detective-Sergeant B. M. Roswell reported on the case of Ra Ponty Manawatu, a 30-year-old butcher, who admitted to receiving three stolen video recorders valued at $5,100. Manawatu claimed he paid $1,380 in cash to a man he met in a hotel bar for the recorders. The items were part of a larger burglary that occurred on 21 November, when fourteen videos worth $27,000 were stolen from Wilder Transport Ltd.'s Sockburn warehouse. After being approached by police on 5 December, it was revealed that Manawatu had one of the stolen videos in his possession and had sold two others for $480 each. All three recorders were ultimately recovered. Manawatu was convicted and is set to return for sentencing on 14 January 1985. In a related case, 30-year-old Gordon John Barnett was remanded without a plea to 18 December on a charge of receiving a $1,700 video recorder from Manawatu. Another individual, 20-year-old Tony Desmond Wheeler, denied receiving a recorder and was remanded at large until 18 February for a defended hearing. Additionally, three individuals faced bookmaking charges. They were remanded at large without plea until 17 December. Peter Lloyd Machirus, aged 39, and Paul Vaughan Costigan, aged 37, were charged with various bookmaking offences, while Judy Joy Davis, aged 36, faced multiple charges including acting as a bookmaker and permitting premises in Riccarton for such purposes. All charges stemmed from their activities on 8 December. In another case, Kay Elizabeth Satterly, a 26-year-old solo mother, was charged with the use of heroin on 10 December and remanded on bail to 19 December without entering a plea. Glenn Alan Ufton, 20, pleaded guilty to assaulting a 62-year-old woman and snatching her handbag in a city street on 26 November. He was remanded at large until 15 January for a probation report and sentencing. The elderly woman suffered injuries during the incident but managed to recover her property, valued at $65. Christopher Robin Horgan, a 26-year-old unemployed man, faced multiple drug charges including possession and use of heroin, and was remanded without a plea to 19 December. Lastly, Toni Ariel Rogers, a 21-year-old transvestite, admitted to the fraudulent use of a stolen Diner's Club card to obtain property worth $10,000, including clothing and jewellery. Rogers was remanded in custody until 18 December for a probation report, with none of the stolen property recovered. The card was taken from the home of an acquaintance on 26 November, and Rogers used it himself and lent it to others for their use. Gary Michael Kittelty, a 21-year-old hotel security officer, was also charged with cultivating cannabis and permitting his car to be used for transporting cannabis plants. He was remanded on bail to 18 December.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841212_2_35_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841212.2.35.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471610800
5375,13,12,1984,"A.I.D.S. Found In Lab. Worker (Press, 13 December 1984)","On 13 December 1984, a case of A.I.D.S. was reported in Boston, marking what doctors claim could be the first instance in the United States where an individual contracted the disease through their occupation. The patient, an unnamed medical laboratory worker, is currently receiving intensive care at the New England Medical Centre. Doctors indicated that the blood samples the worker handled likely came from individuals at high risk for A.I.D.S. Although many A.I.D.S. cases in the U.S. have been linked to certain high-risk groups, this man does not belong to any of those demographics. He is neither a homosexual, a drug user, a haemophiliac, nor of Haitian descent. The emergence of this case adds to the complexity of understanding how the A.I.D.S. virus, which severely weakens the immune system and has already affected over 6000 people in the country, can be transmitted beyond the most commonly recognised routes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841213_2_59_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841213.2.59.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471697200
5376,15,12,1984,"Judges Rule Against Lesbian Relationship (Press, 15 December 1984)","On 15 December 1984, Britain's Appeal Court ruled that homosexual couples living together cannot be legally considered married. This decision arose from an appeal made by 37-year-old Mary Simpson, who sought to retain her residence in a state-supported low-income housing unit that she shared with her deceased partner, Nicki Rodrigo, who passed away in February of that year. The judges, including Sir Terence Watkins, denied Simpson’s appeal to remain in the home, which had been rented by Rodrigo. The ruling drew attention to the fact that British housing laws allow only widows or widowers to inherit the leases of council houses rented by their spouses. Sir Watkins expressed skepticism about public opinion's acceptance of homosexual partnerships equating to heterosexual unions, stating, “It would be surprising in the extreme to learn that public opinion is such today that it would recognise a homosexual union as being akin to the state of living together as man and wife.” Simpson's lawyer, Robir Allen, argued that Simpson and Rodrigo had a committed relationship, having lived together for three years, with Rodrigo taking on a traditionally male role in their partnership. Allen asserted that Simpson should be granted widow status based on their stable relationship, which was recognised in their community. Following the ruling, an emotional Simpson expressed her frustration, describing the decision as “extremely unfair to gay people, especially to lesbians,” and indicated plans to pursue changes in the law. The judges declined to allow Simpson to appeal to the House of Lords, though they did issue a three-week postponement of the eviction to provide time for her lawyers to seek permission for such an appeal. Sir Anthony Ewbank, the other judge involved in the ruling, concurred with Sir Watkins, reinforcing the position that an essential aspect of being considered husband and wife involves a male and a female partnership. While homosexuality between consenting adult males was decriminalised in Britain in 1967 and there has never been a legal offence against lesbianism, groups advocating for homosexual rights have frequently highlighted ongoing discrimination faced by the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841215_2_148.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841215.2.148,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,471870000
5377,17,12,1984,"Aust. Transplant Patients Infected With A.I.D.S. (Press, 17 December 1984)","On 17 December 1984, it was reported that all kidney donors at St Vincent's Hospital in Sydney will be screened for AIDS following post-mortem examinations that revealed two transplant patients had contracted the virus from a kidney donor. The deaths of the patients, confirmed by Professor David Pennington, head of the AIDS task force, are attributed to a pneumonia specifically associated with AIDS. The donor, a homosexual male who died in a car accident, was found to be HIV positive after tests on stored serum. Although the two transplant recipients had died some time ago, the connection to AIDS was only established last week, prompting a national alert across transplant units in Australia. However, New South Wales Deputy Premier and Health Minister Ron Mulock claimed that the recipients did not die from AIDS but from other diseases. In response to the incident, Professor Pennington stated that precautions would be implemented to screen all donors for risk factors such as being homosexual, intravenous drug users, or receiving blood products. He noted that at the time of the transplants, no screening tests for AIDS were available. Furthermore, he stressed the importance of adhering to these precautions for live transplants, such as bone marrow procedures. Professor Pennington expressed confidence that if the proposed guidelines were followed, the risk of contracting AIDS through transplants would be significantly reduced. As of the report, Australia had recorded 34 confirmed cases of AIDS, with 13 resulting in deaths. The matter of AIDS was set to be a key topic during a meeting of state health ministers in Melbourne later that week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841217_2_61_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841217.2.61.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,472042800
6527,17,12,1984,"Sex-change Unions (Press, 17 December 1984)","On 17 December 1984, Monsignor Carlo Caffarra, a prominent Vatican theologian and head of the Pope John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and the Family at Rome's Pontifical Lateran University, expressed his views on sex-change operations and marriages involving transsexuals. During a seminar dedicated to the topic of transsexualism, Caffarra declared that sex-change surgeries are immoral. He argued that these operations result in a definitive loss of the capacity to procreate, which he sees as a key component of human existence and relationships. Caffarra further asserted that marriages involving transsexuals are invalid within the teachings of the Catholic Church. He reasoned that such marriages essentially equate to unions between individuals of the same sex, which the Church does not recognise. His statements reflect the Church's traditional stance on marriage and sexuality, emphasizing a view in which procreation and the complementarity of sexes are foundational to the institution of marriage. This discourse highlights ongoing tensions within theological discussions regarding gender identity and the evolving nature of societal views on marriage.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841217_2_138_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841217.2.138.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,472042800
5378,18,12,1984,"Indecency Costs Man Job, House (Press, 18 December 1984)","A teacher at an exclusive Auckland school was found to have indecently assaulted a 16-year-old boy whom he suspected of burglarising his home. This case was presented in the District Court at Otahuhu, where it was revealed that the teacher, aged 52, had lost his job and the accompanying house due to the incident and faced the possibility of losing a significant portion of his superannuation. The judge, Maxwell, ordered that both the teacher's name and the name of the school be suppressed, arguing that publicity could lead to consequences that outweighed the gravity of the offence. Sergeant George Long detailed that the teacher’s home had been burglarised multiple times between January 1983 and April 1984, leading him to suspect the youth was involved. When they unexpectedly met at a shopping centre, the teacher invited the youth to his home to discuss the burglaries. Once at his residence, the teacher made inappropriate advances, which the youth rebuffed. Counsel for the teacher, Mr Roger Maclaren, highlighted the man's 13 years of service at the school during which he had served as a house master and had no prior allegations of inappropriate behaviour with students. He described the incident as a momentary lapse and argued against a conviction, suggesting that it would severely hinder the teacher's future employment opportunities in education. He further asserted that making the teacher's name public would serve as an undue punishment. However, Judge Maxwell maintained that individuals in positions of trust are held to higher standards by the community and ultimately convicted the teacher, imposing a fine of $750. The judge noted that had the defendant been in a different profession, the offence might not have been viewed with the same seriousness.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841218_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841218.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,472129200
7106,19,12,1984,"Cheek-to-cheek Dancing Posters ‘heterosexist’ (Press, 19 December 1984)","On 19 December 1984, a London council, specifically the borough of Brent, faced scrutiny over the traditional representation of couples in dance event advertisements. The council's chairwoman, Angela Brittain, expressed concern that the existing posters, which depicted only men dancing with women, promoted an exclusively heterosexual image. She advocated for a broader representation that included same-sex couples as well. Brittain highlighted the need for the advertising to reflect contemporary social realities, stating that she did not believe depictions of women dancing with women or men dancing with men would cause any offense. The proposal aimed to modify the promotional materials for both Saturday night dances and Tuesday afternoon tea dances, allowing for a variety of dance partnerships while still including traditional pairings. This push for change stemmed from guidelines issued by the Labour-controlled council to combat sexist, racist, and heterosexist stereotypes within its publications. Ellen Reynolds, the council’s women’s officer, underscored the importance of representation, noting that gay individuals are part of the community and contribute to local taxes and services. Therefore, their visibility in council-sponsored events and advertisements was deemed essential. However, not everyone agreed with the new direction. Conservative council member Sam Greenaway voiced his opposition during the approval process for the updated posters. Although he acknowledged the existence of various forms of dancing, he found the idea of promoting same-sex dancing through posters inappropriate. His stance reflected a more traditional view that contrasted with the council's progressive initiative. Overall, this situation highlighted the ongoing discussions in British society regarding LGBTQ+ visibility and representation within public life during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841219_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841219.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,472215600
5379,19,12,1984,"Jail For Assault On Man In His House (Press, 19 December 1984)","Three men have been sentenced to three months' imprisonment after an assault on a man they believed had committed a homosexual rape against one of their family members. Andrew David Thomas, 20, Michael James Williams, 24, and David Allan Williams, 22, were found guilty of attacking the complainant at his Hereford Street home in Christchurch during the early hours of 4 November 1984. They were also charged with intentionally damaging the man's property. The assault involved the use of a softball bat, resulting in the victim suffering severe bruising and requiring hospital treatment, as well as damage estimated at around $400 to his home. The judge, while acknowledging the motivations behind the attack, noted the defendants’ previous convictions, which influenced the sentencing. Each was ordered to pay reparations of $133 for the damages incurred. In a separate case, a 20-year-old man, whose identity was suppressed, faced indecent exposure charges for exposing himself to girls aged 13 and 14. Convicted of four counts of indecent exposure occurring between 4 May and 15 August 1984, the man’s defence emphasised his financial stress and social challenges, arguing that he did not intend to harm the girls. The judge considered his willingness to address his personal issues upon sentencing him to 12 months of probation. In another incident, Edward Stanley Grantham, 50, was remanded in custody after being found in a former girlfriend's home shortly after his release from prison for threatening her. Grantham had entered the property without a valid reason and was found drinking a beer on her bed. His lawyer claimed Grantham had intended to clarify issues and had no harmful intentions, but this breach led to further legal repercussions. Additionally, Steven John Lewis, 23, received a $300 fine for assaulting a deaf and dumb youth in a Christchurch hamburger bar. Lewis struck the complainant multiple times without provocation. Although he pleaded guilty, Lewis claimed he could not recall the incident due to intoxication. The judge warned him that any future assaults would attract harsher penalties. Finally, Toni Ariel Rogers, 21, a transvestite, was sentenced to six months imprisonment for the fraudulent use of a stolen Diner’s Club card, through which he obtained goods worth around $10,000, though the value at sentencing had been reduced to $1,362. Rogers requested leniency, citing difficulties related to his circumstances in prison, but the judge took note of Rogers’ previous serious charges when determining the sentence, stating that the challenges presented would not be insurmountable for prison staff.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841219_2_33_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841219.2.33.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,472215600
6935,20,12,1984,"‘Rocky Horror Picture Show’ (Press, 20 December 1984)","On 20 December 1984, Richard O’Brien, a New Zealand-born artist, debuted in both acting and writing with the film ""The Rocky Horror Picture Show,"" which aired as the Friday Feature on Two at 10 p.m. O’Brien, who has long been an enthusiast of Hollywood ""B"" movies, science fiction, Dr Strange comics, and rock music, drew inspiration from these interests when creating a project aimed at attracting a similar audience to theatres. ""The Rocky Horror Picture Show"" began as an experimental production in a small London theatre and swiftly transitioned into a worldwide stage sensation, eventually becoming a major film within a mere 18 months. The narrative centres around the sexual confusion experienced by two middle-American teenagers, who find themselves entangled in the moral complexities of the 1970s, personified through the character of Dr Frank N. Furter, a transvestite from the planet Transexual in the galaxy of Transylvania. The film features many members of the original theatre cast. O’Brien reprises his role as the hunchbacked character Riff Raff, while other original cast members include Patricia Quinn as Magenta, Little Nell as Columbia, and Jonathan Edwards, who transitions from narrator on stage to Dr Scott in the film. A standout in the film is Tim Curry, making his screen debut in the provocative role of Dr Frank N. Furter, showcasing his popularity from the stage productions in London, Los Angeles, and Broadway. The film retains the original costume designer, Sue Blane, whose distinctive designs, featuring corsets, garter belts, and tuxedos, embellish the unique aesthetic of the cast. Although this marks O’Brien’s inaugural participation in motion pictures, he is experienced in acting, having performed in London productions of ""Hair"" and ""Jesus Christ Superstar.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841220_2_72_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841220.2.72.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,472302000
6528,29,12,1984,"Former Tennis Star Sued For Taxes (Press, 29 December 1984)","On 29 December 1984, American federal officials initiated a civil suit against transsexual tennis player and eye doctor, Renee Richards, to recover back taxes. The lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court in Manhattan by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), which noted that Richards owed $523,549 (equivalent to $48,510 NZD) in unpaid taxes, penalties, and interest as of 13 December 1984. The complaint, filed by Assistant United States Attorney Jordan Stanzler, specified that Richards had not paid adequate taxes for the years 1974, 1977, and 1979. Renee Richards, who is now 50 years old, was born Richard Raskind and underwent a sex change operation in 1975. Following her transition, she competed in women's professional tennis for several years and later served as a coach for renowned tennis player Martina Navratilova. Richards withdrew from professional tennis in 1983. In response to the lawsuit, Richards’ lawyer, Edmund Mendrala, characterised the case as a “normal, routine disagreement” regarding record-keeping rather than a major legal issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19841229_2_71_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19841229.2.71.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,473079600
5380,02,01,1985,"A.I.D.S. Insurance (Press, 2 January 1985)","On 2 January 1985, it was announced that insurance policies specifically covering Acquired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) would be available for sale in California starting next month. The Coastal Insurance Company, based in Santa Monica, revealed plans to promote these policies through advertisements in magazines aimed at the homosexual community. The annual premiums for these insurance policies are expected to be under US$200, which is approximately NZ$415. The policies are designed to offer coverage for medical expenses related to AIDS, providing up to US$78,000, which equates to about NZ$161,000. The vice-president of Coastal Insurance Company, Jim Hotinger, expressed optimism about the potential demand for the policies, anticipating that they could sell around 30,000 policies to Californians within a six-month timeframe. This marks a significant step in making health insurance more accessible, particularly for those at higher risk of contracting the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850102_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850102.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,473425200
5381,02,01,1985,"London's Elderly Gays Surveyed (Press, 2 January 1985)","On 2 January 1985, the ""Daily Mail"" reported that social workers in London have been instructed by the Lambeth Council to investigate the sexual orientations of elderly individuals they visit. This directive comes from a working group focused on homosexual issues within the council, which is led by Mr Ted Knight, a prominent advocate for homosexual rights and a Marxist figure. The primary responsibility of the social workers typically includes ensuring that the elderly are well-fed and comfortable; however, they are now also required to determine whether any of their clients are homosexual men or lesbian women. To facilitate this process, a questionnaire has been distributed to the staff. The first question asks if any of their clients identify as homosexual men or lesbians. If they respond ""no,"" the next question prompts them to explain how they arrived at this conclusion. Conversely, if they answer ""yes,"" they must specify what measures are being taken to support these individuals. The form also inquires whether the elderly individuals face any unique challenges related to their sexual orientation. The council clarifies that social workers are expected to complete the questionnaire based on their existing knowledge of the clients rather than directly interrogating the elderly individuals about their sexual orientations. This policy has drawn criticism from some quarters. Mrs Gloria Hutchens, who serves as a spokesperson for the Conservative party in social services, expressed her disapproval, labelling the initiative as ""outrageous."" She emphasised that the elderly population should be prioritised for care, rather than subjected to invasive questions regarding their private lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850102_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850102.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,473425200
5382,03,01,1985,"Wimple, Dimple Doffed For Tragedy (Press, 3 January 1985)","Jack Fertig, also known as ""Sister Boom Boom,"" a prominent figure in San Francisco's gay activist group ""Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence,"" is stepping back from his public persona. The group, which has about 20 members, is known for its flamboyant attire, typically featuring nun’s habits, heavy theatrical make-up, and fishnet stockings. Sister Boom Boom, regarded as the group's high priestess, is taking a temporary retirement from his role due to other commitments, including participating in a Euripides play and pursuing a career as a professional astrologer. The Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence have gained notoriety for their humorous yet provocative approach to serious issues, such as promoting safe sex practices and raising funds for AIDS research. Fertig previously ran as ""Sister Boom Boom"" in a local election for the San Francisco Board of Supervisors in 1982, garnering over 23,000 votes—an impressive showing for a candidate who openly embraced such an eccentric identity. Despite the group's charitable efforts, they have faced criticism, particularly from devout Catholics who view their antics as sacrilegious. There are also mixed feelings within San Francisco's homosexual community, with some members believing the sisters detract from the mainstream efforts for social and political acceptance. Fertig has stated that while he may not be in the public eye for now, Sister Boom Boom is not gone for good. He emphasised that the elaborate makeup and costume are temporarily set aside due to time constraints. Fertig's approach is to use humour as a means to engage serious discussions, saying, “We try to raise serious issues through fun…The way to get people to think is to first get them to laugh.” As the group continues to advocate for the LGBTQ+ community, their future activities will proceed without one of their most iconic figures for the time being.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850103_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850103.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,473511600
5383,08,01,1985,"Homosexuals Call For Law Repeal (Press, 8 January 1985)","On 8 January 1985, the Wellington Gay Taskforce asserted that laws criminalising male homosexual behaviour must be abolished to effectively combat Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The Taskforce's co-ordinator, Mr John McDavitt, highlighted the absurdity of a situation where individuals diagnosed with or acknowledging their status as a high-risk group for a disease could be considered criminals. Currently, under New Zealand law, homosexual men faced imprisonment of up to seven years, which hindered efforts to address the AIDS crisis. Mr McDavitt argued that repealing these laws would encourage more people to seek medical advice if they had come into contact with the virus, thus facilitating better public health responses. He noted that the gay community in New Zealand had been actively working for over a year to prevent the onset of an AIDS epidemic but were limited by existing legal constraints. The proposed legislative changes, according to Mr McDavitt, would not only assist those at risk but ultimately benefit the entire community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850108_2_79_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850108.2.79.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,473943600
6710,09,01,1985,"‘Penthouse’ Empire Showing Cracks? (Press, 9 January 1985)","The soft porn industry in the United States is facing significant challenges, particularly evident in the struggles of the ""Penthouse"" empire, founded by Robert Charles Joseph Edward Sabatini Guccione, which has seen a decline in circulation and revenue. Once peaking at 4.7 million in the 1970s, the magazine's circulation has fallen to 3.4 million. Additionally, advertising revenue dropped by 16% in the first half of the previous year, impacting the $250 million enterprise. Guccione has faced numerous lawsuits, including accusations of libel from various public figures and claims from former ""Penthouse"" pets alleging exploitation. Guccione's recent activities have caused considerable controversy, particularly regarding the publication of nude photographs of 1984’s Miss America, Vanessa Williams. The release of these explicit images led to public outrage as Williams described feeling exploited and misled. This scandal reignited with new images appearing in the January 1985 issue of ""Penthouse."" Despite these mounting issues, Guccione maintains a lavish lifestyle in his $5 million townhouse in New York City, which serves as both his residence and the nerve centre of his corporate empire that includes a range of publications and business ventures. The townhouse is opulently decorated, featuring marble finishes, gold-leaf toilet seats, and an extensive collection of fine art. Guccione, aged 54, is portrayed as a workaholic who rarely leaves his home. He is cautious about public appearances and has a conservative family-oriented outlook, living with his partner Kathy Keeton for two decades. He controls the vast majority of the company, with his family members involved in the operation. In terms of revenue generation, Guccione insists that ""Penthouse"" is not truly suffering, citing an increase in cover prices and ad rates, although he acknowledges the financial hurdles posed by his ambitious plans for a follow-up to his film ""Caligula"" and his attempt to penetrate the casino market in Atlantic City, a venture which insiders doubt will succeed. As competition with Hugh Hefner’s ""Playboy"" continued, both ""Penthouse"" and ""Playboy"" faced declines in their traditional markets. Consequently, both companies are exploring new revenue streams, delving into sex programming for cable television and launching erotic video ventures. Guccione believes that the video cassette boom is crucial, indicating that a substantial portion of cassettes sold are erotic in nature. He claims ""Penthouse"" is positioned to lead in this emerging sector. In summary, while ""Penthouse"" and Guccione are enduring financial challenges amid increased competition and controversy, they are actively seeking new opportunities in the evolving landscape of adult entertainment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850109_2_128_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850109.2.128.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,474030000
5384,09,01,1985,"Suspected A.I.D.S. Victim Turned Away (Press, 9 January 1985)","On 9 January 1985, a report emerged from San Francisco highlighting the challenges faced by public health authorities in managing the risks associated with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), especially in relation to sex workers. An unnamed prostitute was turned away from a local clinic after police referred her there for screening due to her concerns about possibly contracting AIDS. She had engaged in repeated sexual activities with an individual diagnosed with the disease and consequently sought medical assessment at San Francisco General Hospital's clinic. Upon arrival at the clinic, the woman learned that it was experiencing a heavy caseload and was only able to accommodate patients by appointment or in emergencies. As a result, she was advised to return in three days, a decision that reflected the limited resources and overwhelming demand on medical facilities dealing with the AIDS crisis. Authorities recognised their inability to quarantine her, regardless of whether she tested positive for the virus. Captain Frank Jordan from the police expressed concern, noting that while prostitution was illegal and could lead to her arrest, there were no health regulations that could isolate her from continuing to work in that capacity. Public health officials voiced heightened concern following reports of two heterosexual men contracting AIDS from female sex workers, indicating an extension of the disease's reach beyond its previously identified high-risk groups, which included homosexual males, intravenous drug users, Haitians, and haemophiliacs. The woman in question was also an intravenous drug user, further increasing her perceived risk of contracting the virus. Statistics from the Centres for Disease Control in Atlanta revealed that since 1979, the United States had documented approximately 7,600 cases of AIDS, with more than 3,600 subsequent deaths. This dire situation highlighted the intersecting public health issues regarding the sex industry and communicable diseases like AIDS, raising questions about the effectiveness of current strategies to protect vulnerable populations while managing public safety and health concerns. The woman, expressing a sense of resignation, indicated her lack of alternatives for survival outside of sex work, underscoring the precarious situation faced by individuals in similar circumstances amid the burgeoning AIDS epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850109_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850109.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,474030000
5386,18,01,1985,"Monday Best Viewing (Press, 18 January 1985)","On 18 January 1985, Ken Strongman reviewed TVNZ's Monday evening programming, highlighting it as a particularly engaging night for viewers. He praised ""The Amateur Naturalist,"" a show conceptualised by renowned author Gerald Durrell, known for his captivating animal books. The episode focused on the wildlife of Manhattan, showcasing Durrell's ability to extract interest from seemingly mundane subjects. However, Strongman humorously critiqued Durrell's physicality, suggesting that his notable girth might hinder his observation of wildlife at ground level, describing him as having a natural perch for binoculars on his stomach. Following this, Strongman transitioned to ""The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes,"" a British series that prides itself on authenticity. Starring Jeremy Brett as Holmes, Strongman noted Brett's brilliant portrayal, characterising Holmes as a cerebral yet emotionally detached figure. David Burke played Watson, depicted as a supportive yet occasionally exasperated partner, providing a dynamic that promises to engage viewers with its blend of confidence and camaraderie. The review further elaborated on the new series of ""Brass,"" suggesting it may not appeal to everyone initially, but its wit and complexity could quickly hook viewers. Strongman suggested the show is filled with intricate jokes and clever dialogue, creating a fast-paced viewing experience that demands attention. He noted how the narrative revolves around sex and money, with eccentric characters like Morris and McDuff providing both hilarity and depth to the series. Moreover, Strongman relished the humour embedded in the show’s language, citing clever lines that enhance the quirkiness of its plots. He offered a glimpse of the absurdity found within the series, such as a crutch factory facing havoc due to its durable products, which leads to the amusing concept of ""metal fatigue."" For those less inclined towards the featured series, Strongman acknowledged the option of watching reruns of ""Shogun"" on TVNZ's second channel. He concluded the review by remarking on an unexpected highlight from the previous week’s news, concerning the British Brigade of Guards who reportedly spent two years perfecting a drill for a new short rifle, delivering a humorous nod to the seriousness of military practice in an absurd world. Overall, Strongman’s review painted Monday nights on TVNZ as an entertaining mix of enlightening wildlife exploration, classic detective storytelling, and brilliantly absurd comedy, showcasing an array of programming that allows viewers a welcome distraction from mundane tasks like watering vegetables.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850118_2_105_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850118.2.105.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,474807600
5385,18,01,1985,"Sign Taken Down After Half A Century (Press, 18 January 1985)","A sign at Barney's Beanery in West Hollywood that read, ""Fagots stay out,"" was taken down on 17 January 1985 after hanging for over 50 years. This action was in accordance with a new law in West Hollywood, which is noted for being the first city in the United States with a governing council controlled by homosexuals. The restaurant faced potential fines of $500 per day for violating the local law that prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation. Irwin Held, the owner of the restaurant, had previously argued that the term ""fagots"" referred to bundles of wood. However, he decided to remove the sign to avoid an extensive legal confrontation which he believed could create division within the community and negatively impact his business. This decision reflects a broader societal shift, as many residents in West Hollywood, numbering around 36,000, considered the term ""fagot""—whether spelled with one ""g"" or two—to be a derogatory slur for male homosexuals. The story highlights both the cultural tensions in the area and the evolving legal landscape regarding discrimination and LGBTQ+ rights in America.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850118_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850118.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,474807600
5387,19,01,1985,"Some Bodybuilders Face A.I.D.S. Risk (Press, 19 January 1985)","On 19 January 1985, a news report highlighted a case involving a 37-year-old body-builder who may have contracted AIDS through the use of shared needles while injecting muscle-building steroids. The case was discussed by six doctors in a letter published in the ""New England Journal of Medicine"" from Nassau Hospital in Long Island, New York. The individual, who denied engaging in homosexual relationships, fell within a demographic typically considered at higher risk for AIDS, including homosexuals, individuals from Haiti, injectable drug users, and haemophiliacs. The medical community has established that AIDS, or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is transmitted through sexual contact, the sharing of contaminated needles, and blood transfusions, but not through casual contact. The doctors pointed out a growing health risk posed by body-builders who use anabolic steroids, given the increasing popularity of athletic pursuits and the prevalence of needle sharing among athletes. The body-builder in question confessed to injecting steroids almost weekly over a four-year period, frequently using shared needles with other body-builders at various gyms. His needle-sharing practices ceased about two years prior to his hospital admission when he contracted hepatitis. Additionally, he admitted to injecting cocaine just six months before his hospital visit. AIDS is characterized by the body's inability to fend off diseases, and while its exact cause remains unclear, researchers believe it is associated with a virus first identified in France in 1983. As of late November 1984, AIDS had affected 6,993 individuals in the United States, resulting in 3,342 deaths since the disease's emergence in 1979. The report serves as a warning to the body-building community and other athletes regarding the risks associated with needle sharing and the potential for contracting this serious disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850119_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850119.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,474894000
5388,21,01,1985,"Alas, For Women Of A Certain Age (Press, 21 January 1985)","A report from the ""Economist"" highlights a significant imbalance in the American marriage market that particularly disadvantages well-educated women over the age of 30. This observation has been recognised by women and has garnered the interest of researchers, including statisticians and sociologists, due to its implications for societal dynamics. A notable study by the office of population research at Princeton University, featured in ""Money"" magazine, attempts to quantify the availability of marriageable men and women through a new formula called the ""availability ratio."" This formula goes beyond mere numbers of single men and women, factoring in variables that affect individuals' choices, such as geographic location. The study examined 38 metropolitan areas in the United States, revealing that cities in the sunbelt, like San Diego and Houston, offer the best marriage prospects for women, with 75.1 and 73.5 eligible men per 100 eligible women, respectively. Conversely, Long Island presents the least favourable ratio, with only 49.2 men per 100 women. Demographic data indicate that while more boys than girls are born in the U.S., men generally have a lower life expectancy than women, contributing to the ratio imbalance as ages increase. Men are more susceptible to various health issues, accidental deaths, and suicide, significantly affecting the numbers of available men as women age. The report indicates that the sex ratios begin balanced in younger age brackets but increasingly favour women in older brackets, with about 32 per cent more women than men at age 70. Another factor complicating the marriage landscape is the differing age preferences for partners. Generally, men prefer to marry younger women, while women tend towards older men, leading to a competitive surplus of unmarried women as they age. For example, a 23-year-old woman in Minneapolis-St. Paul may have 121 eligible men to choose from, but by age 50, that figure drops to 35. Furthermore, the study highlights the extra challenges faced by well-educated women. They often seek partners with equal or superior educational qualifications, while men may marry less-educated women. This trend reportedly adds an additional 25 per cent disadvantage to the marriage prospects of mature, educated women. The analysis also attempts to account for the impacts of homosexuality on marriage availability, though it faces limitations. The study excludes men and women who are 45 and older and have never married from the pool. Additionally, while it suggests that there may be more homosexual men than women, it does not fully explore the societal shifts regarding homosexuality that could affect marriage dynamics or the concentration of homosexual individuals in certain cities. Despite the insightful data provided, the report acknowledges that certain assumptions, such as the visibility of homosexuality and the potential effects of changing societal norms, could skew perceptions and conclusions regarding the marriage market. In summary, the American marriage landscape presents distinct challenges, particularly for older, educated women, as they navigate demographic shifts and social expectations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850121_2_83_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850121.2.83.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,475066800
7107,29,01,1985,"Murderer No-one Wants (Press, 29 January 1985)","Dan White, the man responsible for the assassination of San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk seven years prior, has officially completed his prison sentence and is now a free man. Despite this legal status, his return to San Francisco is met with widespread disapproval and hostility from the community. Mayor Dianne Feinstein, who succeeded Moscone after his death, has publicly warned White to stay away from the city, even instructing the chief of police to relay that both White and his family would be in danger should he choose to return. The public's animosity towards White stems from the brutal nature of his crimes. He shot Moscone after being denied a reappointment to the Board of Supervisors and targeted Milk due to his vocal opposition to White's anti-gay sentiments. These actions sparked outrage within San Francisco's substantial gay community, which erupted into violent protests following White's lenient sentence. Despite having served his time, White has never shown remorse for his actions, exacerbating the feelings of anger and bitterness among those affected by his crimes. Mayor Feinstein acknowledges the potential for violence arising from White's presence in the city, although no explicit threats have been made against him. Other California towns have also expressed reluctance to welcome White back, indicating a broader sentiment against him statewide. While White's wife continues to live in San Francisco, and the family maintains a business there, details regarding White's current whereabouts are kept largely confidential, known only to a small group of close friends and officials. Some reports suggest a few individuals are quietly advocating for his return. However, given the overall climate of hostility and the mayor's stern warnings, it remains uncertain whether White will attempt to reintegrate into the community he once terrorised.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850129_2_131_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850129.2.131.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,475758000
5389,01,02,1985,"Prison For A.I.D.S. Sex Recommended (Press, 1 February 1985)","A Swedish Government agency has recommended legal changes that would allow for prison sentences of up to two years for individuals diagnosed with AIDS who engage in sexual relations with non-sufferers. This proposal was presented by a spokesman from the National Public Safety Board, which expressed its expectation for official action on the matter later in 1985. The board clarified that individuals with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) should still be permitted to have sexual relationships with other AIDS sufferers. The report from the Board emphasised the necessity of legal measures to effectively halt the spread of AIDS. As of the time of the report, eight individuals in Sweden had died from the disease, with an estimated 200 to 300 more exhibiting symptoms. The majority of cases in Sweden involved homosexual men, but an increasing number of heterosexuals were also reported to be infected. In New South Wales, Australia, the Health Commission is seeking legal counsel to explore the possibility of closing gay bathhouses and saunas as part of their strategy to mitigate the spread of AIDS. Dr Tony Adams, the commission’s chief medical officer, indicated that the rapid increase of AIDS cases in Sydney and Melbourne had prompted a reconsideration of previous decisions against such closures. This change was influenced by a report from a Federal AIDS task force, suggesting that as many as 50,000 men in Sydney may have the virus in their bloodstream. Antibody testing revealed that approximately half of Sydney's homosexual and bisexual males tested positive for the virus, although a positive result does not guarantee the development of AIDS. The report issued by the commission warned that up to 100 Australians could die from AIDS within the year and expressed concerns about bisexual men who frequent bathhouses and saunas potentially transmitting the virus to their wives and children. The Health Commission is considering closure as one of several options, especially if the gay community, which they have been collaborating with, supports such a move. In Melbourne, Professor David Penington reported that between 1,600 and 4,000 male homosexuals and bisexuals had tested positive for antibodies associated with the AIDS virus. This highlights the growing concern and urgency surrounding the AIDS epidemic in the region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850201_2_79_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850201.2.79.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,476017200
6711,02,02,1985,"Mocking Period Charm (Press, 2 February 1985)","E. F. Benson's novel ""Mrs Ames,"" published by Hogarth Press in 1984, is a reissue of a work that originally came out in the 1910s and is highlighted in a review by Margaret Quigley. Benson, an author prolific in various genres from the 1890s to the 1930s, produced nearly 80 books, which included comic novels, ghost stories, and essays. Though he was popular in the 1920s and early 1930s, his literary contributions have received little attention in the subsequent decades, apart from sporadic interest in his ""David Blaize"" series. Benson was part of an illustrious family; his father served as the Archbishop of Canterbury, while his mother, Mary Sidgwick, left her husband for a lesbian relationship, raising six children, four of whom garnered notable achievements. Benson himself dedicated his life to writing and enjoying various pursuits. In 1918, he settled in Rye, where he became mayor and authored several minor masterpieces of English comic fiction, with ""Mrs Ames"" considered one of his best works. Set in the fictional town of Riseborough, the novel presents a scathing portrayal of provincial English society, marred by malice and snobbery that are masked by conventional decorum. Quigley notes the residents' obliviousness to the “amazing emptiness” of their lives, filled with trivial pursuits like golf, gardening, and gossip, which keeps them from confronting their dull existence. The story revolves around Mrs Ames, the social queen of Riseborough, and Mrs Evans, the local doctor's wife, who gradually become aware of their unfulfilled lives and strive to break free from the roles expected of them. Their attempts at self-discovery lead to societal chaos; Mrs Ames champions the suffragette movement, while Mrs Evans finds herself in a romantic entanglement with another woman’s husband. A particularly memorable scene is a Shakespearean fancy dress ball hosted by Mrs Evans, showcasing the eccentricities of the middle-aged attendees dressed as Anthony and Cleopatra. Quigley describes ""Mrs Ames"" as a period piece, brimming with charm yet offering a humorous and rigorous critique of human vanity and self-interest. In summary, the reissue of ""Mrs Ames"" serves as a reminder of E. F. Benson's literary prowess and provides insight into the complexities of social structures and personal identities within the context of early 20th-century English society. The novel's blend of comedy and social commentary illustrates not only the era's cultural norms but also the timeless nature of the struggles for self-fulfillment and individuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850202_2_118_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850202.2.118.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,476103600
6712,02,02,1985,"Sexual Comedy Of Manners (Press, 2 February 1985)","""The Will to Fall,"" written by Valerie Grierson Kirwan and published by Penguin in 1984, presents a vivid exploration of a hedonistic lifestyle through the experiences of its protagonist, Valium K., who serves as a thinly veiled representation of the author herself. Set against the backdrop of Melbourne’s Fitzroy area in the 1970s, the narrative captures the unconventional escapades of Valium as she navigates her poverty-stricken surroundings while indulging in a series of surreal encounters. The story unfolds through Valium's pilgrimages to a remarkable mansion located near a coastal beach where she engages with her lesbian lover Nano, her lover's musician husband Frankie, along with an array of enigmatic visitors and hangers-on. It blends elements of picaresque storytelling with experimental and self-aware narrative techniques, making ""The Will to Fall"" a quirky examination of alternative lifestyles. Despite the whimsical and often goofy portrayal of Valium's character, the book delves into deeper themes of creativity and self-creation. Valium attempts to shape her chaotic existence through various escapades and interactions, symbolised by her game ""Shale Hemly Whirls,"" which represents the randomness of her social life. However, as the plot progresses, it becomes evident that the whimsical play must eventually give way to confronting the genuine complexities of life. Diane Prout, in her review, highlights the balance of absurdity and introspection present in the novel, noting Valium's childish behaviours and naivety, but also the underlying message of acknowledging life's imperfections. Ultimately, Kirwan’s work is presented not just as a humorous journey but as a contemplation of how individuals can manipulate their realities while accepting the inevitable end of playful facades.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850202_2_118_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850202.2.118.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,476103600
5390,09,02,1985,"A.I.D.S. Gay Ban (Press, 9 February 1985)","On 9 February 1985, reports emerged from the UK regarding alarming reactions to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in society. A chain of pubs in Liverpool has announced a controversial decision to ban homosexuals in an effort to prevent the spread of the AIDS virus. Joe Farley, the landlord of these establishments, declared that anyone identified as homosexual would be ejected, although he did not clarify how he would determine their sexual orientation. This move has raised considerable concerns about discrimination and the understanding of AIDS at the time. In another incident, panic erupted in a Brussels courtroom when a young defendant, who is a 19-year-old Moroccan, revealed that he was diagnosed with AIDS during his hearing. The defendant faced accusations of attempted extortion and triggering a hoax bomb scare. Upon disclosing his health status, the magistrate abruptly halted the proceedings. The atmosphere turned chaotic as the defendant's lawyer appeared visibly distressed, and the prosecutor reacted with shock as the two policemen escorting him refused to come near. The defendant also disclosed that he was a homosexual and struggled with drug addiction, which further complicated the situation in court. As a result of his announcement, the hearing was suspended, and all individuals involved in the case were advised to seek medical consultation. These incidents reflect the intense fear and stigma associated with AIDS during the mid-1980s, highlighting the urgent need for education and understanding of the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850209_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850209.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,476708400
5391,13,02,1985,"A.I.D.S. Victim Dies (Press, 13 February 1985)","On 13 February 1985, news emerged from Auckland regarding a recent fatality linked to A.I.D.S. A young homosexual man, who had been admitted to Auckland Hospital two weeks prior, passed away after suffering from a fever of unknown origin. It is believed he contracted the disease in Sydney. Dr Desmond Beckett, the hospital’s superintendent, reported that a post-mortem examination revealed he died from meningitis, likely resulting from a weakened immune system due to A.I.D.S. In a related case, another A.I.D.S. victim, who was a passenger on the luxury liner Queen Elizabeth 2, is being cared for in Auckland Hospital. The situation highlights the growing concern around A.I.D.S. and its implications for public health during that period, as well as the need for increased awareness and medical attention regarding the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850213_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850213.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,477054000
6713,14,02,1985,"Most Submissions Swing In Favour Of Ministry (Press, 14 February 1985)","On 14 February 1985, a report highlighted the responses to submissions regarding the establishment of the Ministry of Women's Affairs in New Zealand. Nearly 100 submissions were received, with a majority supporting the Ministry, while those opposed primarily came from individuals and organisations with Christian affiliations. Notably, the Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child expressed concerns that the Ministry could promote a ""pro-choice"" stance on abortion. Patricia Barlett, from the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, voiced reservations about perceived biases in Labour's policies favouring solo parents and working women, arguing that such policies neglect the traditional family structure and exacerbate youth unemployment. Other groups opposing the Ministry included Kiwi Forum Incorporated, which viewed the focus on women as potentially anti-family, and various Christian organisations, along with individuals who believed existing legislation, like the Human Rights Act and the Equal Pay Act, already provided adequate protections for women. Some submissions claimed inadequate preparation time due to the disruptions from the Christmas break, as the submission period was from 7 December to 31 January. In contrast, support for the Ministry came from various groups, including the Public Service Association, the National Council of Women, and the Maori Women's Welfare League, among others. Supporters argued that New Zealand was not an egalitarian society and listed several initiatives for the Ministry to pursue, such as extending affirmative action programs in universities, enhancing child care funding and support, promoting women in non-traditional jobs, and legally recognising sexual harassment. Furthermore, the Federation of Labour proposed that the Ministry focus on the inequities faced by women in the workplace, particularly for low-paid workers, as women constituted a significant portion of low-paid employees. They highlighted the wage disparity, stating that women earned, on average, only 76 percent of what men earned, even when working full-time. The Parliamentary select committee reviewing the proposed legislation to establish the Ministry, which encompasses amendments to the State Services Act, had met for three days and scheduled another meeting for the following Tuesday to conclude deliberations on the remaining submissions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850214_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850214.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,477140400
7372,16,02,1985,"Answers From One Who Cares (Press, 16 February 1985)","In his sixth book, ""Who Cares?"", published by the Australia and N.Z. Book Company in 1984, Dr Felix Donnelly shifts from his previous identity as a priest to focus solely on his experiences with youth in residential homes in Auckland. The book, which spans 154 pages and is priced at $14.95, uses a casual and accessible writing style to explore the critical need for communication between generations—an issue Donnelly identifies as central to contemporary social problems. He emphasises that every individual's quest in life is fundamentally tied to the search for love, and for young people, it's vital that they can express this love meaningfully, a process reliant on having received it freely and unconditionally during their upbringing. Donnelly stresses that young individuals must feel valued for who they are, rather than for who they might become. He outlines that the most important skills to impart to the youth are those related to human relations, positioning the family as the primary environment for nurturing these skills. He identifies five key developmental tasks that adolescents face: acceptance by peers, independence from parents, establishment of sexual identity, understanding of intellectual capacity, and the integration of moral values. To address issues such as youth involvement in drug culture, Donnelly reiterates that effective communication skills serve as a protective barrier. He believes that fostering self-reliance, developing confidence, and setting achievable goals can help ensure young people lead fulfilling lives. A recurrent theme in Donnelly's writings is his critical view of religion, asserting that it has often caused harm to individuals, suggesting a dichotomy between his role as a minister and his disillusionment with institutional religion. Throughout the book, Donnelly aims to reach the emotional core of individuals, encouraging them to embrace their vulnerabilities in a world that can be unkind to youth. He acknowledges that while there are caring parents and adults, his passion lies in ensuring that young people are supported amid their struggles. However, the book does exhibit elements that might seem slightly outdated or overly emotional, particularly in discussions surrounding sexual growth. Despite his undertones of paternalism and a sense of distance from the youth he speaks to, he presents valuable messages encouraging respect between sexes and fostering emotional liberation. The compilation of essays and case histories in ""Who Cares?"" reflects Donnelly's extensive experience, and while they may come across as somewhat didactic, they reveal his commitment to making a positive impact on the lives of young people.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850216_2_114_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850216.2.114.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,477313200
7373,16,02,1985,"Lantern In Secret Places (Press, 16 February 1985)","In his book ""Flames and Ether: A Persona! View of Sexuality,"" published by Allen and Unwin/Port Nicholson Press in 1984, Felix Donnelly presents a humanist perspective on sexuality, elaborating on philosophical ideas while incorporating some educational content. The author, known for his engaging talk-back programmes centred on sexual themes, argues that genuine experiences of intimacy—referred to as ""flames""—and the tranquility associated with healthy relationships—termed ""ether""—are not common among humans. He posits that meaningful sexual communication can lead to profound human experiences and connections to the divine. Donnelly criticises societal forces, particularly religious institutions, which he claims impose repressive attitudes towards sexuality, resulting in feelings of guilt and hypocrisy. He presents sex as a source of joy, creativity, and an essential part of human existence, countering the negative narratives propagated by religious doctrines, legal systems, and commercial interests. By exploring diverse topics within sexual expression, including sadomasochism, obscene phone calls, and the sexual needs of individuals with disabilities, Donnelly aims to illuminate the complexities surrounding human sexuality. His candid critique of the Catholic Church, along with his reflections on saints and religious authority figures, invigorates his argument. The book also draws on Donnelly's thirty years of counselling experience, featuring case histories that add depth to his exploration of sexual reality. It serves as a potential resource for young adolescents navigating the intricate world of sexuality, providing insights that challenge traditional views and promote a more open, accepting dialogue about sexual expression.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850216_2_114_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850216.2.114.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,477313200
6936,25,02,1985,"‘Wife’ Of Taiwanese Policeman Was Man (Press, 25 February 1985)","In a surprising turn of events in Taiwan, Tsai Pi, a 36-year-old man, led a double life as a transvestite and reportedly deserted his wife and two children to marry Hsu Teng-yang, a male police officer. The relationship purportedly began in 1983 when Tsai visited the Peitou police station dressed as a woman. Following this initial meeting, the two developed a relationship that culminated in marriage in December 1983. To facilitate this union, Tsai allegedly stole and altered a niece's identity card, allowing him to deceive the authorities into registering the marriage under false pretences. The secret life of Tsai came to light when the ""United Daily News"" exposed the marriage. Hsu later disclosed to investigators that he was unaware of Tsai's true gender until three months after they wed. Despite this revelation, Hsu chose to remain in the marriage, expressing concerns that Tsai might attempt suicide if they separated. Neighbours described the couple as appearing normal and happily married, although reports indicated that Hsu sometimes physically abused Tsai, particularly due to his spouse's gambling habits. The public interest surrounding the couple's unconventional relationship ultimately led to the dissolution of their marriage. Following the breakup, Tsai gained further notoriety by taking to the stage as a singer at a nightclub, this time presenting himself as a man. His newfound fame attracted the attention of a Hong Kong film company, which was reportedly interested in producing a movie based on Tsai's life experiences. In addition, a bridal-wear firm engaged Tsai to model its latest wedding attire for both brides and grooms. However, the attention did not come without consequences. The police arrested Tsai on multiple charges related to theft and forgery concerning the identity card he had used. As a result of the scandal, Hsu Teng-yang now faces likely dismissal from his position as a police officer. Tsai’s extraordinary story has stirred significant media coverage and public fascination, highlighting the complexities of identity and relationships in contemporary society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850225_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850225.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,478090800
5392,26,02,1985,"Clerics’ A.I.D.S. Call (Press, 26 February 1985)","On 26 February 1985, a coalition of leaders from Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish communities issued a joint statement urging the public to respond to A.I.D.S. victims with compassion rather than judgment. This gathering aimed to challenge the belief held by some that the disease, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, was a divine punishment for engaging in homosexual acts. The group expressed their concerns during a meeting held the previous week, addressing the need for empathy as A.I.D.S. affected over 8000 individuals in the United States, with nearly half of those cases located in the New York metropolitan area, predominantly among homosexual men. The Rev. Carl Flemister, who serves as the executive minister of the American Baptist Churches of Metropolitan New York, condemned the notion of A.I.D.S. as a sign of divine retribution, calling such views “un-Christian and judgmental.” He specifically criticised fundamentalist preachers, including Rev. Jerry Falwell of the Moral Majority, for perpetuating this harmful narrative. Flemister emphasised that these beliefs contribute to the stigma surrounding those with A.I.D.S. Dr. Stephen Caiazza, a medical professional treating A.I.D.S. patients at the Cabrini Medical Centre in Manhattan, highlighted the emotional toll that this disease takes on individuals, many of whom are already burdened with feelings of guilt and fear regarding their faith. Dr. Michael Beck, a psychiatrist who spoke about his own struggles with A.I.D.S., shared his profound personal journey with the disease and the significant impact it had on both his physical health and mental well-being. He recounted moments when he felt isolated, believing that no one would ever want to touch or embrace him again due to his condition. In summary, the statement from the interfaith coalition sought to foster understanding and compassion for individuals affected by A.I.D.S., rejecting the harmful narrative that frames their illness as punishment and highlighting the urgent need for support and acceptance within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850226_2_62_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850226.2.62.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,478177200
5393,01,03,1985,"Panic Is The Real Plague (Press, 1 March 1985)","In early March 1985, concern escalated among police officers, firefighters, and funeral directors regarding the potential dangers they face when interacting with individuals affected by acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.). This anxiety stems from the serious nature of A.I.D.S. and the uncertainties surrounding the virus, including its cure and prevention. Medical opinions on key issues such as quarantine, screening, and contagion risks are inconsistent, contributing to public fear. Health authorities’ reassurances often lack clarity, with some downplaying the issue by stating that only a small percentage of those exposed to A.I.D.S. may develop the condition. However, such minimisations do little to alleviate public anxiety, especially when there are conflicting reports about transmission methods. At this stage, all reported deaths in New Zealand have been linked to infections acquired overseas. Nevertheless, experts warn that it is likely only a matter of time before A.I.D.S. establishes a presence within the country, and the possibility of an epidemic looms. Hence, there is a pressing need for a public education campaign from health authorities that effectively communicates the current state of knowledge and addresses public fears, while remaining free from the influence of special interest groups. Amid ongoing research into A.I.D.S., it is anticipated that the situation may worsen before improving. The Health Department is contemplating the establishment of a confidential register for A.I.D.S. sufferers to aid in controlling the spread of the virus, and there is discussion about making it a notifiable condition, emphasizing the need for doctors to report suspected cases. This is particularly relevant for at-risk populations, such as drug users, who might not seek help voluntarily. Additionally, strict regulations on blood and plasma transfusions are seen as essential to mitigate one of the primary avenues of infection observed globally. The homosexual community, in particular, is noted as having a critical role in addressing the spread of A.I.D.S., as male homosexuals have been identified as a high-risk group. Active participation from this community is crucial not only for their own health but also to mitigate stigma and enhance public understanding, portraying homosexuals more as victims rather than a cause of the disease. With the seriousness of A.I.D.S. and the complexities surrounding it, there is an urge to avoid panic responses to each new revelation. Such reactions could undermine collective efforts for effective prevention and treatment. Overall, there is an emphasis on cooperative efforts within society to tackle the A.I.D.S. epidemic, fostering compassion and understanding during this challenging time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850301_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850301.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,478436400
5394,02,03,1985,"Homosexual Law For Change? (Press, 2 March 1985)","Homosexual law reform aimed at decriminalising homosexual acts between consenting adults is anticipated to be introduced in the New Zealand Parliament in the coming months. The upcoming legislation is expected to be put forward in a conscience vote, allowing Members of Parliament (MPs) to express their individual views on the matter. Although no MP has confirmed who will introduce the bill, Ms Fran Wilde of Wellington Central is widely believed to be the likely candidate, although she has refrained from commenting on the speculation. Early indications from a straw poll of MPs suggest there may be majority support for some form of reform, which could allow the proposal to proceed to a select committee for public submissions and discussion. However, the initiative is expected to face opposition, particularly from conservative elements. Notably, Mr Graeme Lee, a National Party representative from Hauraki, publicly condemned the potential introduction of such a bill, stating it would be “a bad day for this nation in every respect.” Key contentious issues for supporters of decriminalisation revolve around concerns related to the AIDS epidemic and debates over the appropriate age of consent. Current discussions among pro-reform MPs suggest a preference for setting the age of consent at either 18 or 20. In contrast, homosexual rights advocacy groups are insisting on an age of consent of 16, a position that has not gained widespread support in Parliament thus far. One activist associated with the homosexual rights movement circulated a letter to MPs advocating for the decriminalisation of consensual homosexual acts between men aged over 16, urging legislators to ""vote for freedom for gays."" This advocacy has sparked mixed reactions from MPs, with some expressing discomfort regarding the framing of the argument against conservative viewpoints. The movement for homosexual law reform in New Zealand has been fraught with challenges over the past decade. A previous attempt in 1974-75 by Mr Venn Young, then a National Opposition backbencher, aimed to liberalise homosexuality laws but ultimately failed and led to significant public vilification of Young, who faced ridicule as a result of his advocacy. In subsequent years, both Mr Warren Freer and Ms Wilde have sought to push the agenda for legislative change but have been unable to garner enough parliamentary support, particularly in light of resistance from some within the homosexual rights movement regarding the age of consent. While no specific timeline has been established for the introduction of the legislation this year, there is optimism among Parliament members that the bill is set to make its way to Parliament, marking a potentially significant shift in the legal landscape regarding homosexual rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850302_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850302.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,478522800
6937,02,03,1985,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 2 March 1985)","A new fishing anecdote was shared by Mrs Lois Siepkes, involving a fly-fisherman who, after a day spent at a remote high-country loch, encountered a sheep while walking back to his car. The sheep, startled from its slumber, ran away, inadvertently taking the fly hook with it, resulting in the angler losing his line. Mrs Siepkes expressed concern for the shearer who might later encounter the hook while working with the sheep. In a separate note, a casual survey revealed that two young individuals were unfamiliar with the ""Dambusters,"" the famous World War II mission to destroy the Ruhr dams in Germany. Their lack of knowledge reflected a generational gap regarding historical events, although a report on the mission was included in the current issue. The matter of tourist safety arose following a theft involving Swiss tourists Chris Lienhard and Vreni Helstein, who had approximately £3000 worth of belongings stolen from their car parked near the St James walkway in Lewis Pass. Mr Lienhard remained philosophical about the theft but highlighted the need for tourists to be warned about potential break-ins when their vehicles are unguarded during tramping. Meanwhile, the local railway scene spotlighted the heritage steam locomotive Ab6oB, named Passchendaele, which is undergoing restoration. Profits from two special excursion train trips from Christchurch Station were aimed at improving the locomotive, which serves as a memorial to railwaymen lost in World War I. While the first trip to Kaikoura was nearly fully booked, there were still tickets available for the excursion to Arthur’s Pass the following day. In Hokitika, the business association planned to celebrate St Patrick's Day on 14 March, three days ahead of the actual date, with various festivities and themed activities. Streets would be closed for the festivities, and local establishments would offer green beer and special baked goods. There was speculation that some green beer might still be available on the official St Patrick’s Day itself. On the political front, the ANZUS debate in Australia faced confusion as Senator Jim Short clarified that a letter mentioned by leader Andrew Peacock had been misattributed to him rather than Prime Minister Bob Hawke. A remark from the Labour benches met his explanation with derision. Lastly, the Canterbury Aged People's Welfare Council continued its initiative to engage elderly residents, offering scenic drives and afternoon tea outings in a mini-bus. The council appealed for community support to provide afternoon tea for the participants. In a lighter note, a story from Sydney's ""gay mardi gras"" presented a humorous encounter between a transvestite and a young man, illustrating unexpected connections within the diverse community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850302_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850302.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,478522800
7156,06,03,1985,"Caution Urged In Use Of Proposed A.I.D.S. Test (Press, 6 March 1985)","On 6 March 1985, Dr Graeme Woodfield, the head of Auckland’s Blood Transfusion Service, expressed concerns that proposed A.I.D.S. testing for blood donations could lead to unintended consequences. Specifically, he worried that the blood supply might be jeopardised by a surge of homosexual men seeking to donate blood in order to determine if they had been exposed to A.I.D.S., as the tests currently available do not reliably identify all exposed individuals. This could lead to potential contamination of the blood supply, particularly among at-risk individuals who may be concealing their sexual orientation. Dr Woodfield stated that the A.I.D.S. tests would not be implemented for blood donors until they were concurrently available for free in hospitals and other healthcare facilities, as he aimed to prevent the blood banks from being used primarily as testing sites for the disease. He highlighted the need for caution and emphasised that individuals who suspected they might have been exposed to the virus should refrain from donating blood. Furthermore, a US-based pharmaceutical company announced on the same day that a screening test for A.I.D.S. could be ready for use in New Zealand within approximately six weeks. The Abbott screening test received approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration, indicating a step towards enhanced monitoring for the virus. In response to these developments, Mr Bruce Burnett, co-ordinator of the A.I.D.S. support network, stressed that public education would be more effective than mere testing kits in ensuring a safe blood supply. He reiterated that it was crucial to alert individuals who might have been exposed to A.I.D.S. about the risks of blood donation. As New Zealand prepared for the opening of its first A.I.D.S. clinic in Auckland later that month, the focus on safety and the integrity of the blood supply remained a key priority amid the growing public health concerns associated with the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850306_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850306.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,478872000
5395,07,03,1985,"Sharp Crime Rise Worries Police (Press, 7 March 1985)","On 7 March 1985, the Commissioner of Police, Mr. Ken Thompson, expressed significant concern over the rising rates of violent crime, sexual assaults, and drug offences in New Zealand, as reported in the crime statistics for 1984. The total number of violent crimes rose to 20,836, an increase of nearly 1,000 from the previous year. Reported sexual crimes also saw a rise, going from 2,987 in 1983 to 3,277 in 1984. Additionally, drug and anti-social offences, which included liquor-related offences, increased from 48,387 to 50,698. Notably, while homicide rates slightly decreased from 92 in 1983 to 83, there was a concerning rise in aggravated robberies, which climbed from 376 to 445. The report highlighted a rise in serious assaults on police, increasing from 60 to 85, as well as minor assaults, which surged from 1,390 to 1,560. There was also a significant increase in assaults on individuals assisting the police, from 15 to 103. Furthermore, the statistics showed an increase in rape reports, which rose from 321 to 375, and attempted rapes that increased from 92 to 96. Indecent assaults, excluding those relating to homosexual or lesbian activity, also saw an increase, rising from 680 to 956. In terms of drug-related offences, the statistics revealed a substantial rise in cannabis-related crimes, which grew from 10,539 to 12,540, while non-cannabis drug offences increased from 714 to 848. Mr. Thompson explained that drug offence statistics could be misleading as they often fluctuated, and did not necessarily reflect the complexity and resources involved in prosecuting major drug offenders. He acknowledged the effectiveness of New Zealand's Misuse of Drugs Act, which provided police with extensive powers, and credited the success of undercover operations for helping manage the issue. Despite these successes in controlling drug flow, Mr. Thompson noted that the increase in hard drug availability globally posed a challenge, leading to local ingenuity in the illegal drug manufacturing sector. He reported the discovery of 48 so-called ""homebake"" laboratories, indicating a worrying trend towards the domestic production of hard drugs. Overall, the crime statistics presented an alarming picture of rising violence and drug-related issues in New Zealand, prompting calls for increased focus and intervention by law enforcement to address these escalating concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850307_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850307.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,478958400
5396,08,03,1985,"Bid To Alter ‘gav’ Law (Press, 8 March 1985)","On 8 March 1985, OLIVER RIDDELL reported from Wellington that a significant piece of legislation, the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, was set to be introduced in Parliament. This bill aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting males aged over 16. It was introduced by Ms Fran Wilde, a Labour MP representing Wellington Central, fulfilling a promise she made during the 1984 General Election. The introduction of this bill follows previous attempts at law reform over the last decade, notably those made by National MP Venn Young, Labour MP Warren Freer, and Ms Wilde. Although Mr Young made a prior attempt to introduce similar legislation in 1974, it did not succeed. Ms Wilde announced her intention to not only decriminalise homosexual acts but also amend the Human Rights legislation in New Zealand to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. She stated that approval for homosexual law reform was long overdue, particularly in light of the rejection of previous efforts a decade prior. Wilde highlighted that public attitudes towards homosexuality had shifted significantly since then, referencing a 1980 Heylen poll which indicated substantial support for legislative amendments allowing consenting sexual activities between adult males to be treated comparably to those of heterosexuals. She argued that it was a matter of basic social justice and that continuing to oppress individuals based on their sexual preference was both unjust and indefensible. The urgency of this reform was further underscored by the emergence of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, as Wilde pointed out that it hindered the ability to implement effective public health initiatives when a sizable portion of the affected population was categorised as ""criminals"" under existing laws. The legislation is structured as an omnibus bill to facilitate discussion and consideration as it moves through Parliament. Upon final enactment, it will consist of two parts: a Crimes Amendment Act and a Human Rights Commission Amendment Act, which will specifically include measures to protect young individuals. This reform marks a potentially transformative moment in New Zealand’s legal and social landscape regarding LGBTQ+ rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850308_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850308.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479044800
5397,08,03,1985,"Conscience Vote By M.P.s (Press, 8 March 1985)","On 8 March 1985, it was reported that the New Zealand Parliament has reached an agreement allowing individual members to decide their stance on proposed homosexual law reform without party discipline. This development enables members to vote and speak according to their personal beliefs. Ms Fran Wilde, serving as the Junior Government Whip, intends to introduce the legislation through her role as a private member of Parliament rather than as a government initiative. Opposing the reform, Mr Graeme Lee, National’s spokesman on internal affairs, initially issued a public statement expressing disapproval before adjusting his stance to clarify that his opposition reflected personal views and not those of the National Party. Following Ms Wilde's announcement regarding her bill, Mr Lee expressed concerns that a significant number of government members appear to support the proposed liberalisation of laws regarding homosexual activity. He warned that such legislative changes could degrade the moral standards of society and negatively impact youth, calling on what he referred to as ""the sleeping majority"" to take action against the reform. Members of the government who disagree with Mr Lee's characterisation of party support for the bill have expressed outrage. Labour member Mr Allan Wallbank pointed out that Mr Lee's assertions were incorrect, emphasizing that the legislation is a private bill and does not have explicit backing from the government or all its members. Meanwhile, the Gay Taskforce, advocating for LGBTQ rights, expressed enthusiasm for the bill and for the positive response it has garnered among several Parliament members. Spokesman Mr Bill Logan stated that the proposed legislation aims to align the legal treatment of homosexual activity with that of heterosexual activity. He argued that differentiation under the law contributes to prejudice and fear, leading to adverse outcomes such as unstable marriages and increased challenges in controlling diseases like AIDS. The Gay Taskforce highlighted the importance of establishing an equal age of consent of 16, asserting that anything less would lack effectiveness and exacerbate existing issues. This situation illustrates a significant moment in the ongoing dialogue surrounding LGBTQ rights and legal reform in New Zealand in the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850308_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850308.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479044800
5398,08,03,1985,"Homosexual Bill Introduced (Press, 8 March 1985)","On 8 March 1985, a significant legislative proposal was brought forward by Ms Wilde aimed at amending the Crimes Act of 1961 in New Zealand. The key aspects of her bill focus on the current laws concerning ""indecent acts"" involving boys under 16 years old. The proposal seeks to repeal Section 140 of the Crimes Act, which does not differentiate between boys aged 12 to 16 and those under 12. Under the existing law, individuals under the age of 21 cannot be charged with offences in this context, and ""consent"" is not considered a viable defence, with a maximum penalty of 10 years imprisonment. The proposed changes introduce two new sections, aligning the treatment of boys with that of girls as outlined in Sections 133 and 134 of the Act. For boys under 12, offenders would remain liable even if they themselves are under 21, maintaining the 10-year maximum penalty while disallowing ""consent"" or ""mistake as to age"" as defences. For boys aged 12 to 16, ""consent"" could serve as a defence unless it was improperly obtained or if the defendant is younger than the boy. In such cases, if the defendant is under 21 and believes the boy is 16, ""consent"" may be acknowledged, with a maximum jail term proposed at seven years and stipulating that prosecution must occur within 12 months. The bill also aims to repeal Section 141, which currently prohibits ""indecency between males."" The new legislation would align this with Section 135 regarding indecent assault of women or girls over 16, establishing a maximum penalty of seven years. Additionally, Section 142 concerning sodomy would be removed, replaced by a new clause focusing on ""anal intercourse,"" contingent on the anticipated enactment of new rape reform legislation. Under these reforms, any non-consensual anal intercourse would be classified as ""sexual violation."" This new provision would only address consensual anal intercourse with individuals under 16 or those deemed severely subnormal. Moreover, Section 146, which deals with maintaining a venue for homosexual acts, would be repealed, while Section 147 would be revised to clarify that establishments where both male and female sex workers operate can be classified as ""brothels."" Overall, the proposed changes reflect a significant shift in addressing and redefining legal standards for sexual conduct involving minors, aiming for greater clarity and fairness in the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850308_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850308.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479044800
5402,09,03,1985,"‘Help In Fight Against A.I.D.S.’ (Press, 9 March 1985)","On 9 March 1985, the Christchurch Gay Task Force stated that reforming New Zealand's laws on homosexuality would aid in the fight against A.I.D.S. A spokesman for the group highlighted that current laws created an environment of secrecy and anonymity for homosexuals and bisexuals, which obstructed effective public health measures. He asserted that changing the law was in the best interest of the entire community. The introduction of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in Parliament marked a significant step towards aligning New Zealand's laws with those of other Western democracies. The spokesman pointed out that most Western European countries and several Australian states either reformed their laws regarding male homosexuality or never prohibited it at all. He noted that in England and Wales, laws against male homosexuality were reformed as early as 1967. Medical professionals have underscored the necessity of legal reform to effectively manage A.I.D.S. Dr Pearl Ma, a recognised authority on the disease, indicated during her visit to Christchurch in December 1984 that the laws prohibiting male homosexuality were a substantial barrier in the fight against A.I.D.S. Additionally, Mr David Miller, a New Zealander volunteering with A.I.D.S. patients at St Mary’s Hospital in London, remarked that legalising homosexuality would be the most beneficial action the government could undertake to address the A.I.D.S. crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850309_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850309.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479131200
5403,09,03,1985,"Church Opposes Law Change (Press, 9 March 1985)","On 9 March 1985, the Salvation Army voiced strong opposition to a parliamentary bill aimed at legalising homosexual acts in New Zealand. Colonel Donald Campbell, the territorial commander, articulated the organisation's concerns, stating that their opposition was firmly based on moral grounds related to practical homosexuality. He pointed out that, based on their extensive experience in social work, the Salvation Army believed that the proposed changes to the criminal law, which would redefine and permit homosexual acts, referred to as sodomy, could have negative repercussions across various social sectors. Colonel Campbell insisted that society should view homosexuality as deviant and should intensify efforts to treat what he described as an abnormality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850309_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850309.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479131200
5399,09,03,1985,"Fight Likely Over Age Of Consent For ‘gays’ (Press, 9 March 1985)","On 9 March 1985, Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central, expressed her confidence that her Homosexual Law Reform Bill would pass into law. However, she acknowledged that she would need to advocate for setting the age of consent for males at 16. Wilde noted that during a parliamentary debate the previous day, the bill was introduced with a majority vote of 51 to 24. She cautioned that this outcome did not necessarily reflect the final support for the measure, as some MPs had indicated they voted for introduction while intending to oppose it later. Nonetheless, she anticipated that support would be bolstered by members who had been absent from the House during the vote. Wilde emphasised that there is substantial medical and social evidence supporting the idea that sexual orientation is established early in life, and therefore, there should be no reason for a different age of consent. The bill has been forwarded to the Statutes Revision Committee for public feedback and submissions, and all 95 MPs are set to vote with a conscience clause, meaning they will not be bound by party lines. Wilde reflected on the evolution of public attitudes over the last decade, suggesting that there has been a shift from extreme opposition to a more nuanced understanding of the issues surrounding homosexuality. She mentioned a survey conducted in 1980, which indicated majority support for homosexual law reform, contrasting current opposition that she attributed to misunderstandings about homosexuality and its implications for society. Critics often cited moral arguments based on Christian values against the legalisation of adult consenting relationships, but Wilde highlighted that contemporary Christian opinions on such matters have become more varied and that changes in legislation globally have been informed by modern research and changing societal norms. Opponents of the bill now commonly argue about potential negative impacts on the family and young people that could arise from legalising adult male homosexuality. Wilde's efforts are aimed at addressing these concerns and ensuring that the proposed legislation garners the needed support as it moves through the Parliamentary process.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850309_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850309.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479131200
5401,09,03,1985,"Opposition Decries Bill (Press, 9 March 1985)","On 9 March 1985, a significant discussion took place regarding the proposed homosexual law reform in New Zealand, led by Ms. Wilde. She emphasized that all individuals, regardless of their sexual orientation, are part of families and generally value family life. She highlighted that homosexuals, like heterosexuals, can parent children, and many are married, although not necessarily happily, due to the repression of their true identities. A key point she made was to challenge the stereotype associating homosexuals with child molestation, asserting that statistical evidence does not support these claims. The backdrop of the conversation was New Zealand's emerging challenges with AIDs, which Ms. Wilde identified as a reason for necessitating reform legislation. However, opposition figures, including Leader of the Opposition Mr. McLay, expressed concerns about the timing of this bill, suggesting that it was a diversion from more pressing national issues. Various members of the National Party questioned the motivations behind the bill and whether it reflected true government policy or merely the stance of certain individuals within the government. The discussion within Parliament saw a division among the MPs. Some were categorically against the reform, while others were in strong support, with a middle group seeking modifications. A particular point of contention was the proposed age of consent, set at 16 years, which some members deemed too young. Mr. McLay suggested that no age would be entirely free from contention but felt 16 was inappropriate. Supporters of the bill, such as Mr. Trevor de Cleene, argued for equality of consent age between homosexual and heterosexual activities, though Mr. Venn Young and others raised concerns about the maturity levels of younger males compared to females. Further complicating the debate, some MPs like Mr. Paul East insisted that no decriminalisation should occur below the age of 20, arguing that establishing a legal equivalence between homosexual and heterosexual lifestyles was problematic. Other opposition included the stance that associating the need for law reform with the rising AIDs crisis was misplaced. Voices of support praised Ms. Wilde for her courage amidst public backlash, while opponents described homosexuality using negative terms, undermining its legitimacy. Many expressed that they could agree on reviewing the law to prevent punishment of consenting adults in private settings. However, staunch opposition from some MPs like Mr. Braybrooke signalled intentions to pursue a referendum if the law was changed, suggesting overarching public disapproval of the proposed reforms. Ultimately, the parliamentary discussions highlighted the complexity and sensitivity surrounding the issue of homosexual law reform, with significant moral, social, and health-related conversations interwoven into the legislative process.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850309_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850309.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479131200
5400,09,03,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 9 March 1985)","On 9 March 1985, Mr Palmer, the Leader of the House, detailed the upcoming parliamentary schedule during a session that began at 9.30 a.m. He announced that discussions regarding estimates for various ministers, including Defence, Energy, Works and Development, Employment and Immigration, Internal Affairs, Customs, and Housing, were set for Tuesday and Thursday of that week. On the remaining days, the focus would be on legislative debates, while Wednesday afternoons were earmarked for private members’ notices of motion. During this session, members introduced a total of 21 notices of motion, and ministers responded to 12 questions from the floor. A significant highlight was the introduction of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill by Ms Fran Wilde, representing the Labour Party for Wellington Central. This private member’s bill was passed with a vote of 51-24 and was subsequently referred to the Statutes Revision Committee for further consideration. Additionally, the interrupted debate on the combined third reading of several bills, including the Evidence Amendment Bill, the Summary Proceedings Amendment Bill (No. 2), and the Law Practitioners’ Amendment Bill, resumed and was successfully concluded. Following this, the House adjourned at 12.58 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850309_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850309.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479131200
5405,11,03,1985,"Labour Youth Supports Bill (Press, 11 March 1985)","On 11 March 1985, Mr Callum Reid, the president of Labour Youth, spoke in favour of a bill aimed at decriminalising homosexual acts between consenting adults in New Zealand. This bill, introduced by Wellington Central MP Ms Fran Wilde, reflects a significant shift in societal attitudes, according to Reid, who asserted that the current laws are outdated and no longer align with modern views on homosexuality. He emphasised the need for New Zealanders, regardless of their sexual orientation, to live without punitive moral legislation. Reid called for the New Zealand Parliament to amend the existing laws since discrimination against the homosexual community has become socially unacceptable. He also advocated for a standard age of consent of 16 years, affirming that this should apply equally to both heterosexual and homosexual relationships to maintain consistency in laws governing sexual conduct. Reid expressed disappointment that the Government had not taken a more proactive stance on such crucial law reforms, highlighting Labour Youth's support for the proposed changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850311_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850311.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479304000
5404,11,03,1985,"Voting On Homosexual Bill (Press, 11 March 1985)","On 11 March 1985, the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was introduced in the New Zealand Parliament, passing with a conscience vote of 51 in favour and 24 against. The bill seeks to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults, marking a significant shift in legislation regarding LGBTQ+ rights in the country. The opposition to the bill predominantly came from National Party members, with notable critics including Mr D. A. Angus from Wallace and Mr H. N. Austin from Bay of Islands. Other opponents included Mr J. A. Banks from Whangarei and Mr W. E. Cooper from Otago, along with several other National and Social Credit party members. In contrast, the introduction of the bill was supported by a coalition of Labour and National Party members, with prominent supporters including Labour's Mrs M. D. Batchelor from Avon, Mr R. G. Boorman from Wairarapa, and Ms H. E. Clark from Mt Albert. National Party members such as Mr P. M. Dunne from Ohariu also expressed their support. The voting result showcased a divide among party lines, reflecting varying viewpoints on morality, personal freedoms, and the role of government in private lives. A notable number of members were absent or chose not to vote, including prominent figures such as former Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon and current Labour party member Mr D. R. Lange. The legislative step taken on this day signified a progression towards legal equality for homosexuals in New Zealand, amid a backdrop of evolving societal attitudes. As the bill moves forward, it is seen as a landmark effort to foster acceptance and equal rights for LGBTQ+ individuals in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850311_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850311.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479304000
5411,12,03,1985,"Calling For Order (Press, 12 March 1985)","Mr Terris, the current Chairman of Committees and Acting Speaker of Parliament, has faced significant challenges in recent weeks due to his controversial position. His appointment as Deputy Speaker in August of the previous year was met with strong opposition from the National Party, and this tension resurfaced when he assumed the role of Acting Speaker, following the hospitalisation of Speaker Sir Basil Arthur. The National Opposition has consistently expressed dissatisfaction with Mr Terris, which has led to unproductive personal disputes and distractions within Parliament. Public perception has been of a Parliament caught up in trivial arguments rather than focusing on pressing national issues. In an effort to resolve this ongoing conflict, Mr Terris and the Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay, engaged in a ""long and frank talk."" This discussion resulted in the Opposition retracting its notice of motion that expressed no confidence in Mr Terris, thereby preventing a potentially divisive debate from occurring in Parliament. The Opposition's decision to withdraw the motion seems to align with the sentiment expressed by its own members, emphasizing the need for Parliament to dedicate its energies to more urgent matters rather than personal squabbles. Mr McLay’s remarks about the country grappling with various crises reflect the broader context in which these parliamentary issues occur. With the public focused on significant concerns, it became increasingly difficult for the Opposition to justify its campaign against the Acting Speaker while claiming that critical national matters were being overlooked. The resolution of this quarrel is viewed as a much-needed step towards ensuring that Parliament can effectively address the pressing issues that citizens care about. The electorate is likely to scrutinise the performance of all members in light of the ongoing challenges facing the country, as seen in the active discourse within newspapers and public forums. Ultimately, discussions surrounding the Speaker's position appear secondary to the pressing legislative tasks at hand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850312_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850312.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479390400
5412,12,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 12 March 1985)","On 12 March 1985, a series of letters published in a New Zealand newspaper expressed strong opposition to a proposed homosexual law reform. The letters conveyed a moral panic about the implications of legalising homosexuality, drawing parallels between the threat of nuclear weapons and the potential spread of AIDS due to increased visibility and acceptance of homosexual behaviour. E. S. Tuck warned that legalising homosexual behaviour could lead to the proliferating threat of AIDS, which he likened to a nuclear bomb that could infect the nation's bloodstream, resulting in societal extermination. He emphasized that New Zealand should not follow other countries in this matter but make its own moral decisions. L. Anderson echoed concern over the socio-economic conditions in New Zealand, highlighting issues like rising costs of living, inflation, and increasing dependency on state benefits. Anderson suggested that the legalisation of homosexuality would signify a moral decline, associating it with the Labour Party's liberal policies and calling for divine intervention for the nation. R. Freestone praised a fellow member of Parliament for opposing the law reform and criticised society's tendency to normalise what he deemed immoral actions. He lamented the silence of churches on this issue, contrasting their vocal stance on other matters. Varian J. Wilson accused proponents of the reform, particularly Fran Wilde, of misunderstanding the implications of their campaign. He described homosexuality as an obsession linked to mental illness and expressed concern that legalising it would only promote promiscuity and the spread of AIDS. Jean Campbell pointedly questioned the silence of church leaders regarding the proposed reforms, highlighting their vocal opposition to other political issues, such as the controversial All Black rugby tour. She called for unity among various religious denominations to oppose what she viewed as a disregard for divine law. Finally, Ted Mulcock cautioned against societal condemnation and ostracism of those viewed as sinners but reminded readers of divine warnings against homosexuality. He referenced historical examples of societal decline linked to widespread acceptance of homosexuality, suggesting such patterns could echo in contemporary society. Overall, these letters collectively reflect a deep-seated fear of moral decay and public health concerns associated with the proposed homosexual law reform, calling for a reassessment of personal and national values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850312_2_103_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850312.2.103.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479390400
5406,12,03,1985,"Nat. Group Attacks Own Leadership (Press, 12 March 1985)","On 12 March 1985, political reporter Karren Beanland highlighted growing dissatisfaction among National Party supporters across New Zealand, particularly in Christchurch, where groups known as “Sunday Clubs” have emerged. These groups were also forming in other centres including New Plymouth, Napier, Hamilton, and Wellington. According to Alex Hoggan, the Christchurch publicity officer for the Sunday Club, the organisations were established due to perceived ineptitude within the party’s leadership and the feeling that strong direction was lacking. The Christchurch group became the first to publicly outline their aims, stating that disillusionment among party supporters was driving them away. They expressed criticism towards party president Sue Wood, director-general Barry Leay, and party leader Jim McLay, citing concerns that the leadership had failed to learn from the last election’s defeat. The group aligns with former leader Sir Robert Muldoon, who previously indicated that poor organisation contributed significantly to the party's failures in the 1984 election. The Sunday Clubs believe that the National Party has a prime opportunity to leverage discontent with the Labour Government, particularly regarding economic issues such as inflation and rising food prices. However, they argued that the party was being diverted by issues like homosexual law reform instead of capitalising on these challenges. Hoggan specifically noted that private citizen Dr. Jim Sprott was performing roles expected of the National Party, particularly concerning A.N.Z.U.S. issues. The group called for more experienced leadership, feeling that Sue Wood lacked the necessary expertise and had overstepped her authority by signalling a leadership change last year. They expressed disappointment in Jim McLay’s performance, claiming that members had been waiting for eight months for a demonstrated improvement under his leadership. Furthermore, the group indicated that many former supporters have either exited the party or shifted their allegiance to the New Zealand Party, feeling undervalued and ignored within the party structure, experiencing a lack of engagement in party meetings. They expressed frustrations over not being invited to contribute and only being viewed as financial supporters. While Hoggan noted that hundreds were involved in the Sunday Clubs, he refrained from naming members until they could publicise their mission and organise public meetings. The Christchurch group comprised representatives from various electorates and included individuals who had actively campaigned for Muldoon during his leadership battle. The Sunday Club has outlined several primary objectives: to restore a strong party organisation by addressing existing flaws, ensure adherence to party principles by future leadership, promote experienced leadership in executive roles, ensure member voices are considered, and guarantee that the next National Government is elected based on merit rather than Labour's mismanagement. Additionally, members intend to stand for office within the National Party to advocate for these aims.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850312_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850312.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479390400
5409,12,03,1985,"P.m.'s Vote (Press, 12 March 1985)","On 12 March 1985, Prime Minister Mr Lange stated that he would have supported the Homosexual Law Reform Bill had he been present in Parliament during its voting. This declaration indicates his stance on the issue of homosexual law reform in New Zealand, reflecting a more progressive viewpoint. The Prime Minister's comments highlight the significance of the bill at the time and suggest a willingness to advance LGBTQ rights within the legislative framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850312_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850312.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479390400
5407,12,03,1985,"Socred Youth Supports Bill (Press, 12 March 1985)","On 12 March 1985, Mr Michael Graveston, president of the Social Credit national youth section, expressed strong support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill currently before the New Zealand Parliament. Speaking at a meeting in Christchurch, he emphasized the significance of the bill, which aims to decriminalise homosexual relationships between consenting adults, as an essential social issue that aligns with the progress of the 1980s. Graveston pointed out that the legislation would replace antiquated laws and secure greater freedom for homosexuals, a community that he argued had unfairly faced legal and social reprisals in the past. He highlighted that the passage of the bill could encourage more homosexual individuals to come forward, particularly in the context of combating AIDs, viewing this as a beneficial outcome for public health and society. While he supported the bill, Graveston proposed that the age of consent should be set at 18 rather than the proposed 16, advocating for a uniform age across all legislation relating to young people, a standard more commonly adopted in other countries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850312_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850312.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479390400
5410,12,03,1985,"The Press Tuesday, March 12, 1985. Homosexual Law... (Press, 12 March 1985)","The article published on 12 March 1985 discusses the parliamentary vote regarding the introduction of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. Fifty-one members of the House of Representatives, comprising more than half of the 95 total members, voted in favour of the bill's introduction, while twenty-four opposed it, and twenty members were either absent or abstained from voting. The opposition primarily came from National Party and Social Credit members, reflecting a conscience vote without any party discipline. The article suggests that many who supported the bill did so because they believed it warranted public debate and consideration of submissions from the community. Conversely, those who abstained might hold opposing views but chose not to publicly declare their stance. This indecisiveness mirrors sentiments within the broader community, where a majority appear to favour legal reform to address perceived discrimination against homosexual males in private matters. Drawing on international evidence, the article asserts that the legalisation of consensual homosexual acts typically does not lead to societal breakdown, suggesting that such reform could facilitate easier detection and treatment of Aids, despite potential short-term risks of increasing the disease's spread as those with sexually transmitted infections may hesitate to seek treatment. The article acknowledges that significant portions of the community still hold negative views towards homosexuality, an attitude deeply entrenched over time. However, it sees potential benefits in reforming the law, such as reducing instances of blackmail against homosexual individuals and diminishing the allure of illicit sexual practices. Despite these possible advantages, the article also highlights ongoing societal prejudice, noting that derogatory language surrounding homosexuality remains commonplace and may outlast any legal changes. The term ""gay,"" for instance, has undergone a transformation in its usage, leaving the language poorer as it shifts from its traditional meaning to its current context within the homosexual community. Overall, while the article leans towards the likelihood of the law reform's passage, it acknowledges that resistance persists among some members of Parliament and significant parts of the populace. This resistance stems from beliefs that approval of homosexual behaviour contrasts with societal norms that many consider unnatural and abhorrent. The ongoing dialogue on this issue reflects both the evolving legal landscape and the challenges of changing public attitudes toward homosexuality in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850312_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850312.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479390400
5408,12,03,1985,"Young Nats Back Bill (Press, 12 March 1985)","On 12 March 1985, the Canterbury-Westland Young Nationals expressed their support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, but with a significant caveat: they proposed raising the legal age for consensual homosexual relationships from 16 to 20 years. The chairman of the group, Mr Nick Smith, articulated the local Young Nationals' stance by asserting that while they found the existing laws to be unacceptable, they felt that individuals aged 16 lacked the necessary sexual maturity to make informed decisions regarding homosexuality. He pointed out that the decision to engage in homosexual activity was a profound one, comparing its importance to the right to vote, which is granted at age 18. According to Smith, establishing the legal age for consensual homosexual relations at 20 would be more appropriate, reflecting the seriousness of the decision involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850312_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850312.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479390400
5413,13,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 13 March 1985)","In a letter to the editor, Ralph Knowles reflects on the apparent silence of church leaders regarding law reform, particularly in relation to homosexuality. He suggests that this reticence might stem from an effort to emulate the example set by Jesus Christ. Knowles points out that Jesus did not explicitly address homosexuals or homosexual acts in His teachings. However, he draws attention to a significant moment in the New Testament where Jesus confronted the legalistic approach of the scribes and Pharisees. When they brought a woman accused of adultery to Him, demanding her punishment under the law, Jesus responded by stating, “Neither do I condemn you,” which indicates that not all sins need to be criminalised. Knowles argues that while the church may choose to view certain acts, like homosexuality, as sinful according to their teachings, it does not necessarily follow that such actions should remain criminal offences. He implies that the church could take a more compassionate stance, recognising the distinction between sin and crime as demonstrated by Jesus in His teachings. The letter encapsulates a call for the church to reconsider its position on the relationship between morality and legality, suggesting a need for reform in how society views and legislates moral issues. The letter is dated 12 March 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850313_2_86_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850313.2.86.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479476800
5414,14,03,1985,"Anti-gay Petition Launched (Press, 14 March 1985)","On 14 March 1985, four members of the New Zealand Parliament announced a campaign against the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which seeks to decriminalise consensual sex between males aged 16 and older. The MPs—Norman Jones and Graeme Lee from the National Party, and Allan Wallbank and Geoff Braybrooke from the Labour Party—are concerned that many of their colleagues support the legislation. In a bid to mobilise public opinion, they launched a petition with the goal of gathering one million signatures, hoping to canvass households across the country by 1 May 1985. The bill, introduced by Labour MP Fran Wilde, had garnered initial support in a parliamentary vote of 51 to 24, with 20 members either absent or abstaining. However, Jones noted that parliamentary conventions typically favour the introduction of private member bills, and many MPs may not support the bill if the age of consent remains at 16. The Gay Taskforce had assessed the voting patterns, identifying MPs as either supportive or opposed to the bill, which Jones stated was accurate at the introduction stage. Jones expressed concerns about the composition of the select committee assigned to review the legislation, suggesting it leans towards reform. Given this, the opposing MPs aim to raise public awareness and opposition to thwart the bill's progress. Each legislator has received substantial correspondence from constituents supporting their stance, indicating a disconnect between public and political opinion on the issue. The petition, coordinated through the New Zealand Anti-Homosexual Action Group, will be distributed and signed primarily by individuals of secondary school age and older to maintain its credibility. If successful, it would become one of the largest petitions presented in New Zealand. The four MPs plan to conduct speaking tours to further their cause, encouraging constituents to write to their MPs and submit their opinions to the select committee. They highlighted their religious beliefs as influencing their views on the legislation, with each expressing their concern that legalising homosexuality would undermine traditional family values. Jones specifically opposes the bill, labelling homosexuality as unnatural and linking it to the potential spread of AIDS. Overall, the MPs believe their campaign reflects the sentiments of thousands of New Zealanders who are against the legalisation of homosexuality, aiming to close what they see as a significant gap in understanding between the public and the legislature.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850314_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850314.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479563200
5416,14,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 14 March 1985)","On 14 March 1985, various letters published in ""The Press"" conveyed strong opinions surrounding the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill and the societal implications of homosexuality. P. Cunningham expressed a controversial view, linking sodomy with the spread of A.I.D.S. and advocating for stricter societal measures against it, claiming that the media had presented a biased portrayal of homosexuals. His focus was on the need to address what he perceived to be the root of the A.I.D.S. crisis. Matt McGlone responded to a recent editorial, arguing that the use of derogatory language towards both homosexual and heterosexual practices reflects societal disapproval of various sexual behaviours, not just those associated with homosexuality. He provided historical context to the word ""gay,"" suggesting that its degradation was not solely the fault of homosexuals. Jean Campbell replied to Ralph Knowles' comments, defending the church's stance by implying that while homosexuality may be considered sinful, it does not warrant condemnation of individuals. Ernie Pollard from the Riccarton Baptist Church clarified that the church prioritises spiritual salvation over political activism, suggesting that the church's silence on protesting the bill should not be misconstrued as negligence. Craig Hood challenged the negative generalisations about homosexuals, asserting that the real issue lies in the prejudice they face. He highlighted the diversity within the gay community, urging society to recognise their right to exist without oppression. Graham Harvey argued for the legalisation of homosexuality, stating that the decision of whom to love should be a personal choice, free from societal judgement. He advocated for a reformed perspective towards homosexuality as a valid expression of love. E. R. L. Wilson emphasised virtues such as tolerance and respect for differences in sexual orientation, suggesting that the debate should focus on compassion and acceptance rather than judgement. Finally, M. Aspinall voiced concerns about the potential consequences of legalising homosexuality, linking it to promiscuity and the fear of an A.I.D.S. epidemic. He argued that liberalising sexual behaviour would lead to increased risks, drawing on statistics about homosexual promiscuity as evidence. These letters illustrate the deep divisions in public opinion regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and highlight the broader societal discourse on sexual morality, health issues, and individual rights during this period in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850314_2_88_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850314.2.88.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479563200
5415,14,03,1985,"Reform A ‘health Aid’ (Press, 14 March 1985)","On 14 March 1985, the debate surrounding the legalisation of homosexuality in New Zealand intensified, particularly in relation to its intersection with the A.I.D.S. epidemic. Mr Norman Jones, the member of Parliament for Invercargill, claimed that legalising homosexuality would likely contribute to an increase in A.I.D.S. transmissions. This assertion faced immediate pushback from the Lesbian and Gay Rights Resource Centre in Wellington. The centre's administrator, Mr Philip Parkinson, argued that repealing laws that criminalise homosexual acts between consenting adult males would facilitate more effective A.I.D.S. prevention campaigns. Mr Parkinson highlighted the challenges faced by government health authorities in engaging with the gay community, designating them as a key risk group for A.I.D.S. He explained that criminalisation created barriers to communication and cooperation in health initiatives. His analysis pointed to contrasting statistics from the United States, where 31 states reported varying numbers of A.I.D.S. cases, with both legal and illegal homosexual activity present in these states. Notably, he indicated that some states with legal homosexual activities had significantly fewer A.I.D.S. cases, while others with prohibitive laws had higher instances of the disease. Parkinson emphasised the reality that homosexual relations occur regardless of their legal status. The conversation on reform took a procedural step forward when Ms Fran Wilde, the Government member for Wellington Central, successfully introduced a private member's bill aimed at changing the existing laws on homosexuality in Parliament the previous Friday. This development is seen as a pivotal moment for advocating change in the legal framework surrounding homosexuality and addressing the public health implications of the A.I.D.S. crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850314_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850314.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479563200
7108,14,03,1985,"Tourism, Bill Skelton And ‘gays’ (Press, 14 March 1985)","On 14 March 1985, a range of engaging topics were discussed in news features. One significant focus was on the complexities surrounding the lives of homosexuals, with the revelation that about one-third of homosexual individuals marry during their lives. This situation often results in a ""double tragedy,"" impacting both the individuals involved and their unaware partners. Alison Parr explored a specific case on the programme ""Close Up,"" shedding light on this sensitive issue. In tourism, it was noted that the sector was thriving, particularly in popular resorts, which were beginning to struggle with accommodation due to increasing visitor numbers. Brett Dumbleton highlighted the emergence of exciting developments off the main tourist tracks, indicating a shift towards what is being termed the ""new tourist."" In sports news, 53-year-old Bill Skelton made headlines as New Zealand's oldest professional jockey. Skelton held an impressive career record of 2,167 wins, significantly ahead of his nearest competitor. Interestingly, he maintained a reputation as one of the gentlemen of the racing world, despite the fierce competition. Ted Sheehan visited Skelton at his home in Levin and at the Trentham racecourse, providing insight into what matters most to this accomplished jockey. In entertainment, Lewis Collins, renowned for his portrayal of Bodie in the British drama ""The Professionals,"" was in the spotlight. The show featured Collins alongside actors Gordon Jackson and Martin Shaw, portraying characters within the Cl 5 Special Criminal Intelligence Unit. The series enjoyed significant success, with five series produced, all of which were screened twice in New Zealand. Due to its enduring popularity, the show was set to return for a third airing, starting with the first episode of the initial series. Notably, the programme was also being re-broadcast in Britain, reflecting its ongoing appeal since it first aired in New Zealand in 1978.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850314_2_83_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850314.2.83.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479563200
5417,15,03,1985,"'Gay-bashing’ Feared (Press, 15 March 1985)","The Gay Taskforce has expressed concerns that the campaign and petition against homosexual law reform could lead to an increase in violence against the gay community, as stated by spokesman Bill Logan. He highlighted that the dissemination of myths and misleading information regarding homosexuality could incite individuals with unbalanced views to engage in acts of aggression towards gay individuals. A recent survey revealed alarming statistics, indicating that 42 per cent of homosexuals had experienced threats of violence. Furthermore, half of those surveyed were aware of individuals who had been assaulted, with 21 per cent knowing victims who had suffered injuries from weapons. Logan condemned the rise in anti-homosexual sentiment, particularly from those who, while claiming to uphold Christian values, seem to foster an environment of fear and violence towards the gay community. He pointed to a troubling trend of assaults that have occurred since the survey, including a serious incident where a young man required hospitalisation due to an attack. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill was introduced in Parliament by Fran Wilde, the member for Wellington Central, just a week prior. In opposition to this bill, four members of Parliament initiated a petition aiming to gather a million signatures against the proposed reforms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850315_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850315.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479649600
5419,15,03,1985,"England Allows Adult Homosexual Activity (Press, 15 March 1985)","On 15 March 1985, a New Zealand Press Association correspondent reported on the legal status of homosexuality in England and Wales, highlighting the contrast with New Zealand's ongoing discussions about legalising homosexual activity. The legalisation in England and Wales occurred 18 years earlier, in 1967, when the Sexual Offences Act was enacted. This legislation permitted homosexual acts between consenting adult males over the age of 21, although it was restricted to private settings. Public acts and interactions involving more than two individuals remained illegal. Consequently, significant limitations persisted, most notably in the Armed Forces and the Merchant Navy, where homosexual activity continued to face prohibition. Before the 1967 reform, homosexual acts were criminalised, with severe penalties, including life imprisonment for some offences. Over the years, Scotland and Northern Ireland gradually followed suit with their reform efforts. By 1971, Scottish authorities adopted a non-prosecution policy for consenting adult homosexual activity, which was eventually formalised in 1980 when Scottish law was aligned with the changes seen in England and Wales. Conversely, challenges in Northern Ireland proved more profound, where significant opposition from both Protestant and Catholic communities thwarted reform efforts for many years. A 1977 commission's recommendations for liberalisation met with fierce backlash, notably from Rev. Ian Paisley, who spearheaded a ""Save Ulster from Sodomy campaign."" The path to change in Northern Ireland was notably influenced by police actions against gay rights activists in 1976. Following these events, one detained activist appealed to the European Court of Human Rights, which ruled in 1981 that the police infringement violated the individual's privacy rights. This landmark decision catalysed the amendment of Northern Ireland's laws, granting homosexuals similar rights as their counterparts in the rest of the UK. Despite these advancements, activists, coordinated largely by the Campaign for Homosexuality, continued to advocate for further equality. Their demands included lowering the age of consent to 16, lifting the military ban on homosexuals, and abolishing the restrictions on the number of individuals engaging in homosexual activities simultaneously. The ongoing struggle for equal rights for homosexuals underscored the broader societal debates surrounding homosexuality in both the UK and New Zealand during this era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850315_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850315.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479649600
5418,15,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 15 March 1985)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 12 and 13 March 1985, various New Zealanders expressed their views on the topic of homosexuality and the Homosexual Law Reform Bill being considered in Parliament. The letters reveal a range of opinions, reflecting tensions over morality, legality, and societal attitudes towards homosexuality. Shifra Miller, a recent immigrant, questioned the archaic views articulated in earlier letters that condemned homosexuality as “immoral” and akin to a disaster threatening society, comparing these attitudes to those of “Sodom and Gomorrah.” She contended that the private sexual practices of consenting adults should not be the concern of society and argued that attention should instead focus on the serious issue of child abuse, often perpetrated by family members. Miller called for overdue legal reform to move New Zealand into a more modern understanding of sexuality. D. Walker addressed the confusion between the concepts of crime and sin, arguing that while churches may consider homosexual acts as sinful, that does not warrant criminalisation by the state. He asserted that adultery is similarly viewed as a sin but is not punishable by law, and therefore, the same logic should apply to homosexuality. A. D. Carstairs expressed hope for legislative reform, explaining that sexual orientation is not a trend but a fundamental part of one's identity. Carstairs rejected the notion that decriminalising homosexuality would lead to an increase in its incidence. Instead, he believed it would enhance public health education and management of AIDs, which current laws inhibit. John Dobson condemned the misconceptions about homosexuality displayed in previous letters and demanded evidence for claims about the consequences of law reform related to AIDs and homosexual behaviour. He compared the patronising tone of the editorial and correspondences to oppressive regimes that deny factual education. G. R. Gibson deemed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill a reflection of misguided liberalism that he believed undermines the moral fabric of the nation. S. P. Kennedy challenged a letter writer's assertion regarding the nature of homosexuality, arguing that their views showed a lack of understanding of homosexual identity and its complexities, asserting that guilt and persecution cause more despair than sexual orientation itself. Lastly, Sue Tucker critiqued church leaders for failing to actively oppose homosexual law reform, accusing them of diluting Christian teachings, thus contributing to the perceived rise of homosexuality and moral decline in society. Overall, the correspondence illustrates a vivid debate about the intersection of law, theology, and personal autonomy in the context of homosexuality in New Zealand during the mid-1980s, highlighting social divides and emerging calls for reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850315_2_81_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850315.2.81.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479649600
7036,15,03,1985,"Men Convicted On Prostitution Counts (Press, 15 March 1985)","On 15 March 1985, a significant police operation in central Wellington was instigated due to complaints regarding the rising number of prostitutes in the area. During the undercover operation conducted the previous Thursday, plainclothes officers, alongside unmarked police vehicles, monitored the streets. The District Court heard from Sergeant W. T. Jaques about the outcomes of this initiative. Four individuals were presented in court, each facing charges for offering sexual services. Among them was 30-year-old Darcy Goodman, who was unemployed and revealed upon arrest that he was saving money for a sex change operation. He, alongside 32-year-old Charles King, who worked as a laboratory assistant, was convicted for their actions. King specifically offered oral sex to an undercover policeman. Both men received fines of $75. In a more brazen attempt, 21-year-old Christopher John Truscott, also unemployed, approached one of the officers directly, inquiring if he was interested in “business” and proposing to return to his residence for sexual services. Truscott was convicted for this proposition and fined $150. The court proceedings also included 34-year-old Christopher Edward Barrett, a kitchen hand, who similarly offered oral sex to an undercover officer. Barrett was convicted and was remanded for sentencing on 21 March 1985. The operation highlighted the police's response to community concerns regarding prostitution and aimed to address the growing issue in Wellington's central area.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850315_2_74_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850315.2.74.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479649600
5420,18,03,1985,"A.I.D.S. Should Make Fidelity Fashionable (Press, 18 March 1985)","In a 1985 commentary by Helen Brown, there is growing concern among the liberal community regarding the resurgence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the implications of promiscuity on public health. The atmosphere is described as uneasy, particularly following the emergence of three AIDS cases in New Zealand. This development has fostered apprehension about the risks associated with sexual freedom, which was more openly embraced in the 1960s. Brown observes that a history of having multiple sexual partners is now perceived as potentially leading not only to infertility but also to life-threatening conditions. As awareness of AIDS spreads, even individuals within liberal social circles have become more cautious, treating their homosexual friends with increased suspicion and fear. Misconceptions about homosexuals persist, with stereotypes being perpetuated while significant underlying issues, such as the prevalence of heterosexuals marrying for social respectability while leading secret homosexual lives, are overlooked. This guise may mask the true nature of the epidemic, posing a greater threat in New Zealand than in countries with more progressive attitudes towards homosexuality. The article critiques the government's hesitance to legalise adult homosexuality, suggesting that meaningful change must occur to address the underlying issues. The author highlights a societal shift marked by increased use of protective measures such as condoms and gloves within sexually liberated communities, juxtaposed against a rise in fundamentalist responses that blame the epidemic on immoral behaviour. Brown notes that middle-ground attitudes towards sexual health are shifting; what was once acceptable in discussions of sexual freedom is now fraught with fear of infertility and serious health risks. Health professionals in Wellington have begun screening abortion patients for chlamydia, which is frequently asymptomatic yet can lead to severe reproductive health issues, affecting a significant number of women. The testing process is costly and highlights a gap in recognised preventative healthcare approaches. Overall, Brown calls for a reevaluation of promiscuity, urging society to understand it as potentially harmful rather than harmless. The commentary emphasises the need for dialogue around sexual health to remain dynamic and informative, bridging communication between various sectors of society, including families, media, and education. Brown warns against reverting to outdated, Victorian attitudes and instead advocates for a recognition of monogamy as a positive, healthy lifestyle choice. Ultimately, the article underlines the importance of adapting social attitudes toward sexual relationships in light of emerging health crises and encourages a redefined understanding of intimacy and friendship.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850318_2_89_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850318.2.89.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479908800
5421,18,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 18 March 1985)","The letters to the editor published on 18 March 1985 reflect a heated debate surrounding the liberalisation of homosexual relations in New Zealand. The discussions highlight differing perspectives on the implications of legalising sodomy and broader issues of permissiveness within society. Vernon Wilkinson argues against the liberalisation of sex by citing the negative consequences of cultural permissiveness initiated in the late 1960s, such as increased incidents of rape and issues stemming from solo parenting, along with the emerging crisis of AIDS. He contends that both women and men struggle to understand each other's perspectives on sexual consent and morality. Wilkinson suggests that while men may not express their opposition to the current legislative changes openly due to social pressures, their true sentiments will be reflected in their voting behavior, offering a cautionary note to the government about the potential backlash against liberal policies. Varian J. Wilson, a clinical psychologist, expresses concern over the portrayal of homosexuality, drawing parallels between it and various mental health issues like obsessive-compulsive disorders and substance abuse. He criticises the moral implications of legalising sodomy, particularly regarding the potential risks to minors and the challenge it presents to public health in relation to AIDS. He argues that despite good intentions, the behaviours encouraged by increasing permissiveness can lead to self-destructive outcomes. Cyndy Cottam raises a question about the long-term agenda of the gay rights movement, contending that the push to legalise private homosexual relations may lead to further liberalisation, including public displays of affection and ultimately same-sex marriage. She urges society to carefully consider the broader social implications of such legislation. Lastly, Neville M. Rush expresses his outrage at the government’s stance on homosexual legalisation while simultaneously claiming to uphold moral standards, such as the prohibition of nuclear ships. He equates legalising homosexuality with societal corruption and critiques government leaders for what he perceives as a failure to adhere to moral and religious principles. Rush argues that the consequences of these modern societal shifts, including permissive attitudes towards abortion and pre-marital sex, warrant serious consideration of the moral fabric of society. Overall, the letters convey a complex and contentious dialogue about the potential legalisation of homosexuality in New Zealand, underscoring deep-seated fears about moral decay and the long-term impacts of liberal sexual policies on society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850318_2_99_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850318.2.99.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479908800
5422,18,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 18 March 1985)","In a series of letters published in mid-March 1985, debates arose regarding the New Zealand Government's stance on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, particularly in contrast to its firm anti-nuclear position. The first letter, written by Miss D. Chilton, questioned the logical consistency of a government that advocates for a moral stance on nuclear issues while simultaneously supporting a bill that legalises homosexual acts. Chilton expressed a belief that homosexuality is abnormal and suggested that legalising homosexual acts might lead to complications in distinguishing consent in cases of rape, positing that men could face profound challenges in understanding consent dynamics. In response, Hugh Gaw countered Chilton's argument by shedding light on the realities faced by many in the gay community. He noted that a significant portion of homosexual individuals—estimated at around 50 per cent—were married, often for societal conformity rather than genuine choice. Gaw argued that these marriages were fundamentally flawed and contributed to familial discord, thereby undermining the very family life that Mr Geoff Braybrooke, a Labour MP, claimed to support. He contended that decriminalising homosexual acts would allow individuals to enter marriage based on authenticity rather than societal pressures, ultimately leading to stronger family dynamics and fewer marriages rooted in deception. The exchange highlighted deep societal divisions around the issues of sexuality, consent, and the impacts of government legislation on personal lives, reflecting broader societal attitudes toward homosexuality in New Zealand during that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850318_2_99_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850318.2.99.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479908800
5423,19,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 19 March 1985)","In a series of letters published in March 1985, writers express their views on the topic of homosexual law reform and the portrayal of homosexuals in society. Marnie Barrell argues that the focus for Christians should not be on sexual morality but on justice, stating that while Christians are called to a life of love and justice, there is no divine mandate to impose chastity on others through law. She points out that it is unjust to single out homosexuality for legal scrutiny when other forms of immorality, such as adultery, are not subjected to the same treatment. Dick Beauchamp expresses discontent with the modern usage of the term ""gay,"" suggesting that it has been appropriated by a minority group known for unhappiness. He refers to historical language and prefers the term ""bugger"" as a suitable descriptor, indicating his belief that if one does not like the revised terminology, they should simply ignore the group in question. Craig Hood defends the professional recognition of homosexuality as a normal variation of humanity, highlighting that the clinical psychology field has shifted away from characterising it as a disease. He references ongoing studies into “homophobia,” contrasting it with accusations he faces about using derogatory language. R. Freestone counters previous arguments by affirming the Biblical stance on homosexuality, referencing Jesus’ admonition to a woman caught in adultery. He insists that sin does not become acceptable simply due to legalisation, reaffirming traditional views that condemn homosexuality. E. R. L. Wilson critiques the focus on the word ""gay,"" pointing out the inconsistent application of concern regarding derogatory terms used against homosexuals, such as “queer” and “faggot.” Wilson questions the editorial’s impartiality. Lastly, a group of writers including Marg Curnow, Cynthia Spittal, Barbara Smith, Jo Moffat, and Lindsay MacBeth addresses the misguided association between homosexuality and sexual abuse of children. They highlight the prevalence of sexual abuse in society and advocate for a logical reconsideration of the arguments that suggest criminalizing homosexual acts based on these unfounded connections. They suggest that if such reasoning were followed, heterosexual acts would also be deemed illegal, which underlines the flaws in associating sexual orientation with abuse. The letters present a diverse array of opinions surrounding the legal and moral discourse on homosexuality in New Zealand, reflecting societal tensions and varying interpretations of Christian doctrine, language, and social justice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850319_2_89_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850319.2.89.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479995200
5424,19,03,1985,"Reform Bill Favoured (Press, 19 March 1985)","On 19 March 1985, the Religious Coalition for Choice, a national interdenominational organisation focused on reproductive issues, publicly voiced its support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill currently under consideration by Parliament. A spokesperson for the coalition, Mr Craig Young, emphasised that the morality of homosexual acts should be assessed based on the quality of the relationships involved, rather than adhering to outdated and oppressive traditions. Mr Young argued that many heterosexual relationships, which can often be characterised by violence, intimidation, and other forms of abuse, are of a lower moral standing compared to homosexual relationships that are based on love and equality. Through this statement, the coalition sought to challenge traditional perceptions of morality related to sexual orientation and promote a more inclusive understanding that recognises the value of loving and respectful relationships, irrespective of the genders involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850319_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850319.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,479995200
7157,20,03,1985,"A.I.D.S. Test Little Use As Diagnosis (Press, 20 March 1985)","On 20 March 1985, concerns were raised regarding the use of a new A.I.D.S. antibody test that was set to become available in New Zealand. Mr Bruce Burnett, the Health Department’s A.I.D.S. liaison officer, warned that individuals who suspected they might have A.I.D.S. should not rely on this test as a conclusive measure for the disease. The tests, which were being sourced from the United States, were primarily intended for use by blood transfusion centres to screen blood donors. Mr Burnett expressed alarm over the possibility that ""at risk"" individuals might attempt to give blood solely to access the testing, suggesting this could pose a significant risk of A.I.D.S. entering the blood supply. He emphasised the urgent need for public education to help those at risk recognise their status and avoid donating blood. Mr Burnett clarified that the antibody test should not be seen as a diagnostic tool for A.I.D.S. Instead, it was designed for use in screening donated blood and for scientific research. He noted that a positive result merely signified past exposure to the virus thought to cause A.I.D.S., without implying that the individual would necessarily develop the disease. Importantly, there is currently no method to confirm active infection through this test, as some people may take up to six months to develop detectable antibodies for A.I.D.S. Thus, a negative result does not guarantee that a person has not been infected; it could simply indicate that the antibodies had not yet developed. Mr Burnett’s comments underscored the complications and limitations associated with the antibody test, pointing to the importance of cautious interpretation and the necessity for informed public awareness in the face of an evolving health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850320_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850320.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480081600
5427,20,03,1985,"Heterosexuals Can Get A.I.D.S. — Report (Press, 20 March 1985)","A recent study published in the ""Journal of the American Medical Association"" has revealed that the AIDS virus, previously thought to primarily affect homosexuals and drug users, can also be transmitted through heterosexual contact. Researchers led by Dr Robert Redfield from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in Washington conducted a study with seven married men exhibiting symptoms of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The findings showed that five of their wives either displayed symptoms indicative of the disease or had other signs of infection. Notably, none of the men had engaged in homosexual activity, although three were intravenous drug users, and three reported having sexual relations with women beyond their wives. The seventh man in the study had no identifiable risk factors. Moreover, the study indicated that one of the eleven children in these families, a 14-month-old, contracted AIDS in utero from the mother. The absence of infection in the ten older children suggests that close contact within households does not significantly contribute to the transmission of AIDS, according to the researchers. The study highlighted that heterosexual activity could play a critical role in the virus's transmission. Additionally, recent data suggested that over 30 per cent of AIDS or pre-AIDS cases among military personnel might stem from heterosexual promiscuity. An upcoming study focusing on Africa is expected to confirm that most cases there are transmitted through heterosexual rather than homosexual contact or drug use. This study, led by Belgian researcher Nathan Coumeck, will also indicate that in Zaire, AIDS cases occur equally among men and women. AIDS attacks the body's immune system, rendering it vulnerable to various infections. In the United States, there have been approximately 9,000 reported cases of AIDS, with 4,500 resulting in death. The federal Centre for Disease Control in Atlanta anticipates an additional 9,000 cases to be reported in 1985, which would effectively double the number of victims in the country. Researchers have asserted that repeated sexual contact increases the risk of contracting AIDS, thereby underscoring the need for heightened awareness regarding the disease's transmission routes and the importance of safe practices across all demographics. This emerging understanding redefines the perception of AIDS, indicating a broader spectrum of risk beyond the previously recognised high-risk groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850320_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850320.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480081600
5426,20,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 20 March 1985)","In March 1985, a series of letters published in a New Zealand newspaper reflect the contentious debate surrounding homosexuality and the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The context of the discussion highlights that New Zealand remains the only Western country yet to formally outlaw homosexuality, with female homosexuality historically being legal and less controversial. A letter penned by J. Neill criticises the assumptions made by heterosexuals regarding the origins of homosexuality, calling out the arrogance of those who attempt to link sexual orientation to personal inadequacy. Neill challenges Varian J. Wilson's comparison of homosexual behaviour to that of individuals with schizophrenia, suggesting that such views stem from prejudice, similar to historical arguments made by figures like Hitler about racial superiority. In contrast, Marian Marsh, responding to Graham Harvey's call for personal freedom, asserts that homosexuality arises from external influences rather than being inherent. Marsh references conversations with two homosexual individuals, claiming their experiences of becoming homosexual were linked to childhood interference and seduction during vulnerable times. She questions the maturity of young people, particularly in relation to the legal age for consent, suggesting that similar flaws could affect the new law concerning homosexuality. Y. Mulder expresses dismay at the negative attitudes towards the proposal to reform homosexual laws, arguing that the private actions of consenting adults should not concern others. Mulder criticises those who conflate homosexuality with mental health issues, dismissing these comparisons as unjustified. The letter calls for equal treatment of homosexuals and heterosexuals, advocating for a legal framework that respects the rights of individuals regardless of sexual orientation, while condemning laws that criminalise consenting adult behaviour as a product of outdated and intolerant societal views. The discussions highlight deep-seated divisions in opinions regarding homosexuality in New Zealand society during this period, reflecting broader global attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights and the struggle for equality and acceptance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850320_2_103_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850320.2.103.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480081600
5425,20,03,1985,"Leaders For Petition (Press, 20 March 1985)","On 19 March 1985, Mr Graeme Lee, the member of Parliament for Hauraki, announced the launch of a petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This proposed legislation aimed to decriminalise consensual sexual activities between adult males over the age of 16. Mr Lee has partnered with three other members of Parliament to spearhead this campaign, which aims to gather one million signatures against the bill. Among the prominent figures supporting the petition are Mr Keith Hay from Auckland and Sir Peter Tait from Napier. Mr Hay is recognised for his achievements as a businessman and in local government, while Sir Peter Tait is also a well-known local government personality. The campaign reflects significant political opposition to the progressive reform proposed by the Bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850320_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850320.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480081600
5430,21,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 21 March 1985)","In March 1985, letters to the editor of a New Zealand publication showcased a significant debate regarding proposed homosexual law reform and its implications for society. John Dobson expressed concern over misstatements about Fran Wilde's bill, which sought to decriminalise homosexuality, countering claims tying the reform to paedophilia and mental illness. He contrasted the accuracy of those supporting N.A.T.O. nuclear submarines and those spreading misinformation about the homosexual community, suggesting an unjust focus on anti-reform viewpoints rather than acknowledging disarmament perspectives. W.R. Sykes also defended the push for legalising homosexuality, arguing that there is no contradiction in holding a stance against nuclear warfare while advocating for the rights of sexual minorities. He expressed dismay at the hateful rhetoric from opponents of the reform, warning it could incite prejudice and violence against the gay community, and critiqued those who invoked religious authority to justify their opposition, stating that core Christian values should embody love and mercy. A different letter from Dave Hines lamented a societal trend where prominent citizens attempted to gather a million signatures against human rights, highlighting a petition for animal rights as a stark contrast to the push against human rights. Y. Mulder underscored the misunderstanding of public sentiment regarding homosexuality, clarifying that the statistic of 10 percent regarding male participation in homosexual activities was misrepresented in previous discussions. David J. Tremaine's letter reflected fear about the potential health hazards linked to sexual misconduct, urging society to reconsider the implications of legalising homosexuality. He posed a moral question about guiding future generations and cautioning against being swayed by contemporary trends. These letters collectively illustrate the diverse and often contentious opinions surrounding sexual orientation, law reform, and societal values in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850321_2_107_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850321.2.107.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480168000
5431,21,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 21 March 1985)","In a series of letters published in March 1985, various correspondents discuss issues related to sexuality, consent, and societal attitudes towards homosexuals and rape. The letters appear to be responses to earlier commentary that drew controversial comparisons between rape and sodomy. Paddy Austin, representing the Women’s Electoral Lobby, clarifies the legal definitions of rape, arguing that it requires both violent force from the perpetrator and a lack of consent from the victim. He contends that consensual sexual activities among adults, regardless of sexual orientation, cannot be classified as rape. Austin expresses that women unequivocally condemn all forms of rape, while sympathising with men who may also be victims. He emphasises that Fran Wilde's proposed legislation does not intend to legalise rape, dismissing concerns related to such interpretations as unfounded. Barry Empson critiques Varian J. Wilson's perceptions of homosexual men. Empson argues that Wilson's experiences as a clinical psychologist may lead to skewed generalisations about gay men, as he mainly encounters those in need of psychological help. He points out that the American Psychiatric Association no longer classifies homosexuality as a mental illness, suggesting that Wilson's approach could inadvertently reinforce the self-doubt of his patients rather than support their acceptance of their sexual identity. J. M. Cleine responds sarcastically to a claim made by Wilkinson that issues such as rape, sexually transmitted diseases, and infertility only emerged in the 1960s. Cleine highlights historical instances of sexual irresponsibility and disease prior to that decade, questioning the validity of such a claim. He provocatively mentions historical figures and societies, indicating that issues of sexuality and human behaviour have existed throughout history, not just as a product of the modern era. Overall, the letters reveal a complex dialogue surrounding consent, mental health, and societal perceptions of sexuality in 1985, highlighting the ongoing debates and misunderstandings present at that time. The correspondents challenge each other’s views and assumptions, underscoring a broader cultural discussion about sexual ethics and acceptance in New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850321_2_107_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850321.2.107.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480168000
5428,21,03,1985,"New City Aims At Being ‘gay Camelot’ (Press, 21 March 1985)","In March 1985, West Hollywood, California, continues to distinguish itself as a unique and progressive municipality. The City Council recently enacted an ordinance that prohibits bars from denying entry to patrons wearing open-toed shoes, a move aimed particularly at establishments that have discriminated against men dressed in women’s clothing and lesbian patrons. This law reflects the city's broader commitment to eliminating discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Additionally, West Hollywood has introduced a legal alternative to marriage through domestic partnerships, allowing couples to register their status at City Hall. Despite being less than four months old since its incorporation as Los Angeles County's eighty-fourth city, West Hollywood has made strides toward creating an inclusive environment. The city, which is largely populated by renters including a significant number of gay residents, was built on a coalition that sought to ban discrimination against homosexuals and minority groups. Mayor Valerie Terrigno, a 31-year-old openly gay official, leads the city council, which is notable for having a majority of its members identified as homosexual. This unique governance suggests that West Hollywood may be the only city in the United States with such representation. The city's demographics, with over a third of its approximately 36,000 residents identifying as gay, have played a crucial role in shaping its political landscape. Despite its celebratory beginnings, West Hollywood is now addressing practical municipal challenges like urban infrastructure and budget management. The city's first-year budget is set at $15.75 million, with strong revenue from sales tax expected to generate a surplus. The council's agenda has included enacting laws to ensure equal pay for city employees and to stop discriminatory practices, such as a restaurant being compelled to remove an anti-gay slogan from its matchbooks. Looking ahead, the City Council is preparing for a potentially contentious debate on rent control measures, prompted by rising costs that threaten to displace many residents, particularly elderly renters. Landlords have expressed concerns that such laws would compromise their investment returns. Mayor Terrigno acknowledges that these discussions could lead to conflict but views them as necessary for the welfare of the community. The city's leaders are hopeful about what they can accomplish together, as exemplified by an upcoming meeting of homosexual political activists from across the nation in West Hollywood. They aim to evaluate the achievements in the city and explore avenues for expanding their influence. The mayor emphasised that while West Hollywood is known for its gay-friendly policies, the vision for the city is one of hope and progress for everyone.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850321_2_72_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850321.2.72.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480168000
5429,21,03,1985,"Strange Deaths, Homosexuals And Fingerprints (Press, 21 March 1985)","In March 1985, a tragic incident in Auckland involved the mysterious deaths of three young children from the same family, all of whom died within three weeks of each other. The circumstances surrounding their deaths have left police perplexed, as no clear cause has been established. The family believes that the deaths were a result of a tapu, an evil curse, which has placed them at odds with the Auckland Coroner, who insists on ensuring that there is no suspicious activity surrounding the fatalities. The family's concerns about police investigations delaying the tangi, or funeral rites, highlight the cultural clash between Maoritanga and pakeha law. Meanwhile, another significant issue is gaining traction in the political landscape of New Zealand. The introduction of a homosexual law reform bill to Parliament has ignited what is expected to be a contentious debate encompassing political, moral, and religious dimensions. This private member's bill proposes to legalise male homosexuality for individuals aged 16 and above, with particular focus on the ""age of consent"" which is the crux of much of the opposition and support. The programme ""Close Up"" plans to explore the various perspectives on this matter by engaging with both lawmakers and young homosexuals, aiming to present a balanced view on the evolving legal landscape. In an unrelated topic, ""Close Up"" also delves into an intriguing question surrounding forensic evidence—specifically whether fingerprints can be faked. There is a case from West Australia involving three brothers who were imprisoned, which has led several experts to assert that the fingerprints presented as evidence in their conviction were indeed manipulated. This report promises to shed light on the complexities of fingerprint identification and its implications for justice. This combination of stories highlights not only the tragic events surrounding the children's deaths but also the societal issues related to law reform and the integrity of forensic evidence in the judicial system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850321_2_93_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850321.2.93.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480168000
5432,21,03,1985,"Young Homosexual Attraction (Press, 21 March 1985)","A national survey of homosexual men, published on 21 March 1985 by the Lesbian and Gay Rights Resource Centre, has revealed significant insights into the experiences of the homosexual community in New Zealand. The survey, which involved 427 self-identified homosexual or bisexual men and lesbians in Christchurch and Wellington, found that 69 per cent of respondents felt their first physical or sexual attraction to another male before the age of 14. Furthermore, the study indicated that 70 per cent of homosexual men under the age of 28 experienced their first significant same-sex interaction before reaching 18 years old, with 59 per cent confirming they had also engaged in heterosexual experiences. The analysis, conducted by Mr Philip Parkinson, a centre administrator, highlighted that with nearly 40 per cent of the homosexual population beginning their sexual lives by age 16, a higher age of consent would lack public credibility. The findings revealed that 70 per cent initiated their sexual experiences before the age of 18, and an overwhelming 88 per cent were sexually active prior to turning 20. The survey was conducted in various settings, including a “lesbian and gay dance,” a homosexual sauna, and a lesbian club in Wellington, as well as in Christchurch earlier in the same year. Additionally, the survey shed light on the prevalence of violence and discrimination faced by individuals in the homosexual community. Nearly one in five respondents reported having been punched, hit, kicked, or beaten due to their sexual orientation. Furthermore, approximately a third claimed to have been threatened by police, reflecting a troubling trend that surpasses similar findings in surveys conducted in the United States. This survey underscores the early onset of sexual identity experiences among homosexual men and raises important questions regarding societal attitudes and the legal framework surrounding consent in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850321_2_138.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850321.2.138,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480168000
5433,22,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 22 March 1985)","In a correspondence to a publication dated 22 March 1985, multiple writers expressed opinions regarding the topic of homosexuality, invoking both legal and Christian perspectives. Mrs. Joyce Evans from Mapua referenced Ralph Knowles' comments on the Biblical approach to sin, particularly regarding a woman taken in adultery. Evans argued that while the law may or may not consider homosexuality a crime, from a Christian viewpoint, it is viewed as sin, asserting that Christ did not condone sin and urging Knowles to clarify whether he was addressing secular law or Christian values. John Pollard expressed his dissenting view, suggesting that not all homosexuals engage in the same behaviours, using humour to criticise the use of English terminology related to homosexuality. He proposed that men should adopt names inspired by historical figures and related words to return to a perceived respectfulness in language, creating a whimsical scenario where queens and their actions are romanticised. Lastly, Paul J. Spicer presented a more analytical take, stating that through thorough study of literature on homosexuality, he concluded that homosexual love cannot be categorically judged as right or wrong, much like heterosexual love. He argued that the motivations behind expressions of love in both orientations can be equally valid or invalid, reflecting a view that society has demonstrated through its evolution. These letters showcase a range of attitudes towards homosexuality, reflecting the complexity of moral, legal, and personal perspectives during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850322_2_82_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850322.2.82.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480254400
5435,23,03,1985,"A.I.D.S. — Tracking Down The Nightmare Disease (Press, 23 March 1985)","The article by Martin Kennedy discusses the growing impact of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a disease first identified in 1981, which has rapidly expanded beyond initially recognised at-risk groups such as homosexual and bisexual men, intravenous drug users, and recipients of contaminated blood transfusions. With the emerging cases, the urgency for understanding the disease's cause, transmission, and effects on the immune system has escalated. Researchers have made significant progress through methods of genetic engineering to isolate the virus responsible for AIDS, identified as HTLV-III (Human T-lymphotropic Virus type III), which specifically attacks T-lymphocytes, essential for the immune response. HTLV-III has been found to destroy these immune cells, leading to the characteristic immune system collapse seen in AIDS patients. As a result, patients become vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers, which are the actual causes of death rather than the virus itself. The article elaborates on how the cloning of HTLV-III DNA has facilitated a deeper understanding of its structure and function, enabling the development of potential diagnostic tests and vaccines that do not rely on live virus, hence increasing safety. Scientists have discovered that HTLV-III can be present in saliva and semen, raising concerns about its transmission in the general population. Current statistics indicate that many AIDS cases in the U.S. result from contaminated blood transfusions, leading to the implementation of screening for HTLV-III in blood donations. The promotion of preventative measures by gay organisations is highlighted, although the long incubation period poses a challenge as individuals may carry the virus without showing symptoms for several years. Speculations regarding the virus's origins suggest it may have been present for some time, with potential links to Africa where a notable percentage of the population may have been exposed to it. One study dates an AIDS case back to 1977, indicating a longer history than previously acknowledged. Further research points to possible evolutionary connections with a virus affecting monkeys, suggesting that cross-species transmission could be a factor. Despite the advancements in understanding AIDS, the prognosis remains grim, with no cure currently available. However, new drugs such as gamma interferon, interleukin-2, and suramin are being trialled for their effectiveness in controlling the disease. The overall sentiment is cautiously optimistic, as the knowledge gained through genetic engineering and advances in virology might lead to more effective management of HIV/AIDS in the future. The acknowledgment of past limitations in medical science and the potential for future breakthroughs encapsulates a hopeful yet realistic outlook on combating the AIDS epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850323_2_142_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850323.2.142.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480340800
6714,23,03,1985,"Archbishop To Help A.I.D.S. Victims (Press, 23 March 1985)","On 23 March 1985, a new group was formed in Auckland, New Zealand, with the objective of combating the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This initiative was spearheaded by the Auckland AIDS Support Network, which is establishing a charitable trust aimed at enhancing public education about the disease. Notable figures appointed as trustees and advisors to the trust include the Rt Rev. Paul Reeves, the Archbishop of New Zealand, who has expressed his commitment to providing spiritual support to AIDS victims in need. Joining him are Miriam Saphira, a clinical psychologist and openly gay woman, and John Goodwin, a company director and haemophiliac. The board consists of 13 members, with Mr. Bruce Burpett, a trustee and co-ordinator for the AIDS Support Network, indicating that they anticipate needing around $1 million in their first year to fund publicity and educational campaigns. Other key members of the board include Colleen Leslie, a social worker; John Holden, the Health Department’s health promotion director; Max Abbott, the director of the Mental Health Foundation; Alan Ivory, a barrister and solicitor; Jill Amos, a guidance counsellor; and William Logan, a political scientist. Archbishop Reeves clarified his position as one of support, stating that he aims to guide victims towards spiritual assistance, but he is not taking a definitive stance on the AIDS issue itself. The advisory body also includes medical professionals and community leaders such as Dr. John Miller, Neil Thornton, co-ordinator at the Wellington Alcohol and Drug Dependency Centre, and Christchurch teacher Owen Knowles. Through this collective, the trust seeks to elevate awareness and support concerning the AIDS crisis, reflecting a broader commitment to community health and education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850323_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850323.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480340800
5434,23,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 23 March 1985)","In response to Dick Beauchamp's objection regarding the term ""gay,"" Paul Maling offers a perspective on the etymology and appropriate usage of the word in a letter published on 20 March 1985. Maling notes that ""gay"" originates from the sixteenth-century French word ""gaie,"" which historically referred to a homosexual man and has connotations of being merry, cheerful, lively, and pleasant. He argues that this definition makes it a fitting descriptor. Maling contrasts this with the term ""bugger,"" which he explains comes from the French ""bougre,"" derived from the medieval Latin ""Bulgarus,"" referring to Bulgarians. He highlights the linguistic evolution that has led to its current pronunciation in English. Furthermore, Maling emphasises the cultural implications of using such terms, suggesting that equating New Zealanders to Bulgarians or making sweeping generalisations about ethnic identities, such as calling Maoris Pakehas, could invite scrutiny from the Race Relations Conciliator. In summary, Maling defends the use of ""gay"" while cautioning against derogatory labels that may misrepresent identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850323_2_138.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850323.2.138,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480340800
5436,25,03,1985,"Bill ‘not Attack On Family Life’ (Press, 25 March 1985)","On 25 March 1985, the president of the Methodist Church, the Rev. Frank Hanson, spoke in favour of legislation aimed at decriminalising homosexual acts in private. During his statement, he asserted that this move should not be viewed as an attack on family life. He maintained that family life is a core element of Christian ideals and emphasised that strengthening marriage is a more effective means of enriching family life than preventing homosexual acts. Hanson expressed his personal support for the bill, which seeks to remove the criminal status of private homosexual actions. While he acknowledged that the question of morality surrounding these acts remains open for discussion, he argued that the legal framework should not classify such behaviours as criminal. He noted that although there are valid considerations regarding the appropriate age of consent—suggesting it might be more fitting to set this age at 18 rather than 16—the fundamental change in the law could still allow future amendments based on practical experiences. Overall, Hanson’s statements reflect a progressive stance within a religious context regarding issues of sexual orientation and personal conduct, advocating for a legal system that differentiates between criminality and morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850325_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850325.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480513600
5439,25,03,1985,"Dispelling Some Myths About Homosexuality (Press, 25 March 1985)","Professor Ken Strongman, the head of the psychology department at the University of Canterbury, discusses the implications of the homosexual law reform bill introduced in Parliament. He argues that the topic of homosexuality is already provoking considerable discussion, much of which may be uninformed. Strongman aims to clarify misconceptions about homosexuality through a psychological lens. He emphasises that homosexuality is not a disease, contrasting it with infectious conditions that can be transmitted or treated. He states that it is merely a preference for sexual relationships with members of the same sex. Strongman notes that sexual orientation is not binary; rather, it exists on a continuum, a concept popularised by Alfred Kinsey, who devised a seven-point scale in 1948 to measure sexual preferences. Kinsey's research revealed that many individuals fall somewhere between the extremes of heterosexuality and homosexuality, indicating that these preferences are more nuanced than simply categorising individuals as either one or the other. Strongman references Kinsey's findings that suggest homosexuality is more common than the public might assume. His research indicated that 37 percent of males had experienced a homosexual orgasm at least once since adolescence, while others had experienced urges. Remarkably, he noted that among single men by the age of 35, up to 50 percent reported having had homosexual experiences. These statistics challenge the perception that homosexuality is abnormal, pointing out instead that heterosexuality could equally be viewed through the same lens of rarity and preference. Regarding the age of consent included in the proposed reform, which is set at 16, Strongman addresses concerns about its appropriateness. He explains that evidence suggests sexual preferences develop around puberty, with some researchers proposing that they may be established even earlier. Given this perspective, the age of 16 appears reasonable, as it applies equally to heterosexual and homosexual relationships. The article also delves into the complexities of determining the causes of homosexuality. While many theories exist, none are definitively proven. Strongman asserts that homosexuality is not inherited and exhaustively suggests that both forms of sexual behaviour, homosexual and heterosexual, are shaped by a mixture of biological, social, and environmental factors. The ability for individuals to find erotic stimuli appealing from same-sex and opposite-sex partners implies a much broader spectrum of sexual arousal than is often realised. In conclusion, Strongman asserts that discussions surrounding homosexuality often lack clarity and understanding. He highlights that it is neither a disease nor statistically abnormal and exists on a continuum, just like heterosexuality. He argues that further research is needed to understand sexual behaviour fully, addressing the interactions between intrinsic predispositions and external influences. Thus, shifting attitudes towards homosexuality should stem from informed discussions rooted in scientific understanding rather than misconceptions or biases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850325_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850325.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480513600
5438,25,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 25 March 1985)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 25 March 1985, various individuals expressed their opinions on the topic of homosexuality, reflecting the societal attitudes of the time. R. B. Olausen argued that homosexuality, along with other so-called degenerative behaviours, should be concealed and not openly discussed. He reminisced about his experience in a prisoner-of-war camp during World War II, noting that only one person he encountered identified as homosexual and suggesting that today's society would likely see more individuals in that camp identifying as such. Olausen believed that cultural attitudes had shifted, allowing homosexuality to be viewed more openly and stated that people with varying degrees of masculine and feminine tendencies need to be protected from influences that normalise homosexuality. Marnie Barrell responded to an earlier letter by W. Sykes, who questioned the Christian opposition to homosexuality. Barrell stated that while the Bible does mention homosexuality alongside other behaviours deemed incompatible with Christian life, it does not justify singling it out for prohibition. She emphasized that God's views on chastity should be adhered to voluntarily and not enforced through law, arguing that Christians in a non-Christian society should make this distinction clear. Lastly, Yolanda Wisewitch addressed Marian Marsh's assertions that homosexual relationships are harmful to others, countering by positing that heterosexuality is similarly influenced by external factors. She recounted how some heterosexuals may develop their sexual orientation due to childhood interference or seduction during vulnerable moments, implying that this could be an exploitation that leads to long-term psychological harm. Wisewitch suggested that generalisations regarding sexual behaviour can often be misguided when considered from different perspectives. The letters reveal a contentious debate over homosexuality and the influence of societal norms, religious beliefs, and personal experiences on individuals' views during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850325_2_81_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850325.2.81.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480513600
5437,25,03,1985,"Homosexuality ‘not A Mental Illness’ (Press, 25 March 1985)","On 25 March 1985, Dr Max Abbott, the director of the Mental Health Foundation, addressed comments made by Auckland businessman Mr Keith Hay regarding homosexuality. Dr Abbott firmly stated that mental health professionals do not consider homosexuality a mental illness, which he deemed an important distinction in light of Mr Hay's assertions. Mr Hay, a leading figure in petitions against the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males, had suggested that homosexuals should be categorised as mentally ill and subjected to court-mandated psychiatric treatment. Dr Abbott described Hay's remarks as outrageous and contrary to established mental health ethics. He argued that involuntarily subjecting individuals who are not mentally ill to psychiatric treatment would represent a significant infringement on civil liberties. Dr Abbott pointed out that many homosexuals experience psychological distress not because of their sexual orientation, but due to the hostile environment they often face in society. He noted that the pressures and discrimination contribute to their mental health issues. Furthermore, Dr Abbott linked the phenomenon of homophobia—a combination of disdain for homosexuals and a desire for punitive actions against them—to those who oppose human relationship education in schools. He referenced research which indicates that homophobic attitudes are prevalent among individuals who adhere to rigid, traditional views of gender roles, demonstrate high levels of authoritarianism, and are predominantly male. Mental health professionals working with the minority of homosexuals facing mental health challenges aim to assist these individuals in becoming more accepting of their sexual orientation. However, Dr Abbott highlighted how this therapeutic work is made difficult by the continuous negative portrayal of homosexuality in mainstream media. Overall, Dr Abbott's statements emphasised the importance of understanding and supporting homosexual individuals in the context of societal attitudes and mental health impacts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850325_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850325.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480513600
5440,25,03,1985,"Petition Response Pleases (Press, 25 March 1985)","On 25 March 1985, reports emerged from Wellington indicating significant momentum behind two petitions calling for a referendum on the Government's anti-nuclear policies and opposition to the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Dr Jim Sprott, an Auckland chemist leading the anti-nuclear petition, noted an overwhelming response, with petition sheets returning in such quantities that he and his team struggled to keep up with the counting process. The initial distribution of 1,000 sheets, sufficient for collecting around 20,000 signatures, occurred on 9 and 10 March 1985, and the demand for more sheets quickly escalated, with requests for ten at a time. Many individuals reached out to inquire about locations to sign the petition. On the other hand, the campaign against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was spearheaded by Labour MP Geoff Braybrooke from Napier. He, along with three other parliamentary members, had also launched a national petition against the legislation. Braybrooke expressed astonishment at the level of support, stating that approximately 5,000 petition sheets were dispatched a week prior and that daily distributions were ongoing. Demand for these petitions was reported from all over New Zealand, from North Cape in the north to Bluff in the south. However, Ms Mary Kelly from the Wellington Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament expressed skepticism regarding the success of Dr Sprott's anti-nuclear petition, suggesting that its support was primarily drawn from National Party backers, who recently faced significant defeats in the elections. This added an element of political contention to the petitions, underscoring the divided public opinion on these issues at the time. The unfolding events highlighted the contentious atmosphere surrounding nuclear policy and social reform in New Zealand during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850325_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850325.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480513600
5441,26,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Change (Press, 26 March 1985)","In March 1985, the debate over homosexual law reform in New Zealand became a focal point of public discourse, reflecting a sharp divide in opinions. Letters to the editor revealed a range of viewpoints on the issue, which was largely centred around the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill spearheaded by Fran Wilde. One correspondent, Ian Hood from Blenheim, argued that the private behaviour of consenting adults is none of anyone's business and that opposition to the reform often stems from outdated religious beliefs rather than rational thinking. He highlighted a perceived double standard, noting the unfairness of criminalising male homosexuality while female homosexuality remained legal. Hood questioned whether New Zealand was ready to progress into the twentieth century regarding this issue. Conversely, Varian J. Wilson expressed his belief that homosexuality is a mental illness, despite contradicting perspectives from the American Psychiatric Association. He recounted personal experiences during debates, including accusations of attempted entrapment and threats to his safety, yet maintained a sympathetic attitude towards individual homosexuals while being critical of what he described as predatory behaviour associated with some homosexuals. Vernon Wilkinson presented a perspective suggesting that societal norms should discourage sodomy and offered a comparison to a cigar, indicating that the majority of heterosexual males would be found in the ""centre"" while sodomy is at the ""tip."" He cautioned that elements of permissiveness in society could lead to detrimental long-term effects, such as increased instances of rape and incest, as well as health issues. A. S. Maitland voiced concerns over the potential consequences of legalising homosexual acts for those over the age of 16. He contended that legalisation might encourage the youth to explore homosexuality, which he deemed repulsive and contradictory to societal norms. Maitland speculated on whether this trend could escalate to a point where homosexuality might become compulsory. Lastly, Alison Kearney, identifying herself as a Mrs. Kearney, expressed her opposition to the bill, insisting that it would effectively legalise sodomy. She referenced a biblical passage from Leviticus as a moral guideline and prayed against any measures towards liberalisation of the laws concerning homosexuality. Overall, these letters reflect a society wrestling with deeply held beliefs about morality, legality, and the rights of individuals versus perceived societal norms, encapsulating the tensions surrounding the homosexual law reform debate in New Zealand during that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850326_2_83_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850326.2.83.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480600000
7604,27,03,1985,"‘Amadeus’ Scores 8 Oscars (Press, 27 March 1985)","At the 57th Academy Awards held on 26 March 1985, the film “Amadeus,” which presents a fictional account of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's troubled final years, was the standout winner, taking home eight Oscars including Best Picture. F. Murray Abraham won the Oscar for Best Actor for his portrayal of the envious composer Antonio Salieri, while Sally Field was awarded Best Actress for her performance as a resilient farm widow in “Places In The Heart.” The film's director, Milos Forman, also received the Oscar for Best Director. In the supporting categories, Haing S. Ngor won Best Supporting Actor for his role as an American reporter's assistant in “The Killing Fields.” Ngor, a Cambodian refugee, expressed his gratitude while highlighting the film's focus on the Cambodian plight. Dame Peggy Ashcroft received the Best Supporting Actress award for her role in “A Passage To India,” but was unable to attend the ceremony due to a funeral in England. Angela Lansbury accepted the award on her behalf, praising Ashcroft's storied stage career. The awards also recognised “Dangerous Moves” as the Best Foreign Language Film. Other notable winners included Maurice Jarre for Best Original Score for “A Passage To India,” and Stevie Wonder for Best Song with “I Just Called to Say I Love You” from “The Woman in Red.” The Best Original Score award also went to Prince for his autobiographical work in “Purple Rain,” making a memorable appearance to accept the honour. Moreover, “The Killing Fields” garnered Oscars for Best Cinematography and Editing. Robert Benton took home the Best Original Screenplay Oscar for “Places In The Heart.” The Best Documentary Feature award was won by “The Times of Harvey Milk,” which documented the life and assassination of San Francisco's first openly homosexual supervisor. “The Stone Carvers” won the award for Best Documentary Short Subject. Overall, the ceremony celebrated significant achievements in film for the year, showcasing a diverse array of talent and storytelling.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850327_2_81_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850327.2.81.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480686400
5443,27,03,1985,"Church Views On 'gays’ (Press, 27 March 1985)","On 27 March 1985, the Most Rev. Edward Gaines, the Catholic Bishop of Hamilton, addressed approximately 100 attendees in Rotorua regarding the establishment of a Hamilton Diocesan Commission of the Family. During his address, he highlighted that there is no unified Catholic stance on whether homosexual activity should be illegal or legal; however, he emphasised that the Church does hold a consistent position on the immorality of homosexual acts. Bishop Gaines stressed the importance of showing charity to all individuals without discrimination. He expressed concerns about the potential misconceptions among the youth and the uninformed, indicating that legalisation of homosexual acts might lead them to believe such actions are morally acceptable. Bishop Gaines argued for a clear distinction between immorality and criminality, insisting that while the law may not always align with Catholic moral teachings due to New Zealand's pluralistic society, it should still protect the vulnerable members of the community. He cautioned against groups advocating that all consensual sexual activities should be deemed morally acceptable, stating that this viewpoint is incompatible with Catholic beliefs. The bishop encouraged Catholics, along with other citizens, to voice their opinions on proposed legislation aimed at decriminalising homosexual activity between consenting males aged over 16. In conclusion, Bishop Gaines reiterated that the Catholic Church’s teachings categorically hold that deliberate homosexual acts are deemed objectively and gravely immoral.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850327_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850327.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480686400
5445,27,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 27 March 1985)","In a series of letters published on 25 March 1985 in response to Professor Ken Strongman's comments on homosexuality, various individuals expressed their viewpoints, highlighting a spectrum of beliefs. John Skeates refuted Strongman's assertion that the origins of heterosexual behaviour require further exploration, asserting that heterosexuality is inherent for species reproduction. He claimed that homosexual behaviour lacks a natural basis and described it as a perversion, while also arguing that the examination of heterosexuality is straightforward from a biological perspective, contrasting it with the need for psychologists to address homosexual behaviour. Ron Wallace echoed similar sentiments, describing heterosexual behaviour as normal due to its role in procreation, and he questioned how evolution would advance without offspring. He labelled homosexual behaviour as abnormal and called for legal measures to redirect those with homosexual inclinations back to what he deemed ‘normality’. Colin Brown, however, presented an opposing view. He referred to a 1979 resolution by the Synod of the Anglican diocese of Christchurch that supported legal changes to remove penalties on consensual homosexual acts, indicating a broader church endorsement for the legislative reforms being considered. He urged church members to remember this support to avoid being swayed into opposing the proposed reforms. Varian J. Wilson critiqued Strongman's dismissal of certain myths and questioned the validity and responsibilities surrounding homosexuality. He mentioned the lack of understanding regarding the causes of compulsive homosexual behaviour and complained about the discrediting of the Kinsey report. Wilson cautioned against trivial comparisons, suggesting that homosexuality could not be likened to benign preferences and underscored the harmful implications of a low age of consent. C. A. Bass Podger provided a theological perspective, asserting that while Christians are called to love, this love should not extend to sexual relations as would be legitimised by the proposed law reforms. He emphasised the long-term impact of today's decisions on future generations. Lastly, B. Morrison critiqued the Salvation Army for its opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, positing that such a stance would perpetuate societal issues related to alcoholism among homosexual individuals. He expressed discontent with the church's condemnation of love between individuals of the same sex and announced his withdrawal of financial support until the organisation changes its perspective on love. Overall, the letters reflect a significant divide in public opinion regarding homosexuality and highlight the interplay between religion, psychology, and societal norms at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850327_2_115_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850327.2.115.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480686400
5442,27,03,1985,"M.P. Accuses Petitioners Of Standover Tactics (Press, 27 March 1985)","A national petition opposing homosexual law reform in New Zealand has faced allegations of improper tactics in its signature collection process, including claims of ""standover"" tactics and coercion of children. Fran Wilde, a Labour MP sponsoring the legislation for reform, expressed her concerns in Parliament, stating that the credibility of the petition was severely compromised by the methods employed by its organisers. She noted that reports have surfaced from various regions, including Auckland, Wellington, and Gisborne, indicating that the petition was being circulated within secondary schools, where peer pressure was reportedly compelling students to sign. Wilde highlighted the ethical issue surrounding these tactics, suggesting that children were being encouraged to sign a petition without a proper understanding of its implications since discussions on homosexual law reform are not permissible in schools. She lauded several school principals who had restrained the circulation of the petition but feared that many signatures from children may have already been collected. In addition, Wilde remarked on reports from workplaces in Auckland where those collecting signatures allegedly used intimidation and derogatory language to coerce individuals into participating. The tactics employed by the petition's supporters drew sharp criticism from Wilde, who argued that serious debates about homosexual law reform were essential and that the use of peer pressure undermined the integrity of the discourse. She called for those organising the petition to abide by principles of truth and justice and to restrict their signature collection to individuals aged 16 and over. In response to Wilde's accusations, one of the petition's organisers, Geoff Braybrooke, countered that their efforts were legitimate in a free country and that any individual wishing to sign had the right to do so. Braybrooke acknowledged that while he did not support any form of pressure to sign, he believed that a substantial number of legitimate signatures would be gathered without employing questionable tactics, which he hoped would sway Parliament against the proposed reform. The debate surrounding these developments highlighted the intense emotions and divisions present in the discourse around homosexual law reform in New Zealand during this period, as both sides sought to mobilise public opinion in their favour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850327_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850327.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480686400
5444,27,03,1985,"Reaction ‘hysterical’ To Homosexual Bill (Press, 27 March 1985)","On 27 March 1985, a spokesman for the Hawke's Bay Gay Club expressed concerns regarding the reaction to the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, drawing parallels to the ""kill a queer for Christ"" campaign from America. The spokesman, who chose to remain anonymous due to fears of potential backlash, noted that the anti-reform sentiment mirrored the campaigns led by Baptist preacher Anita Bryant in the United States. Despite the intense opposition, he felt optimistic that the bill would eventually pass, although he anticipated it might be amended to raise the age of consent for sexual activity among adult males from 16 to 18. He acknowledged that Hawke's Bay held conservative values, especially with key local figures leading the opposition against the bill. However, the spokesman believed that the general public was largely indifferent about the issue, stating that many homosexuals, including himself, identified as Christians who should not judge one another. He highlighted his long-term relationship, emphasising that ultimate judgment rests with God rather than society. Additionally, Ruth Richardson, the National MP for Selwyn, commented on the matter in Ashburton, proposing that the minimum age for legalised homosexual activity should be set at 20. In her interview, she suggested that her intention with this stance was to safeguard vulnerable young men in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850327_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850327.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480686400
5447,28,03,1985,"Attack On Petition Called Spurious (Press, 28 March 1985)","In a news article published on 28 March 1985, Graeme Lee, a National Party MP from Hauraki, defended a petition opposing the homosexual law reform legislation in New Zealand, claiming that accusations made against it were unfounded. Lee highlighted that assertions regarding the petition’s handling, particularly those alleging that young people were improperly involved in canvassing efforts at schools, were exaggerated and reflected fear among supporters of the reform. He asserted that there had been no directives for students to promote the petition, and any petitioning in schools required the principal's approval. Lee expressed concern that some critics of the petition were alarmed by the participation of minors, stating that their involvement demonstrated the public's interest in the matter. He noted that the petition included a warning advising that while anyone could sign, it was best for minors to be of secondary school age or older before doing so. Specifically, he encouraged young individuals who may be ""at risk"" due to the proposed reforms to take part in the petition process. Further addressing criticisms, Lee refuted claims that the Salvation Army misused its Red Shield income for the petition. He clarified that funding for the petition came from the general public, not the Salvation Army, and this misuse allegation only underscored the desperation of its opponents. Lee mentioned that the campaign headquarters in Auckland was actively engaged in gathering support for the petition, which had received significant backing across the country. Alongside his associates, Geoff Braybrooke from the Labour Party and Norman Jones from the National Party, Lee planned to speak at various meetings throughout New Zealand in locations such as Auckland, Christchurch, Nelson, Napier, and others, reflecting an extensive effort to rally support against the homosexual law reform. The petition and its promotion have become a point of contention, revealing the divisions in public opinion regarding the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850328_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850328.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480772800
5448,28,03,1985,"Court Finds For Gay Teachers (Press, 28 March 1985)","On 27 March 1985, the United States Supreme Court delivered a significant ruling concerning homosexual rights, marking its first major case in nearly two decades. The Court determined that state-run schools are prohibited from dismissing teachers for advocating homosexuality. This decision affirmed a previous ruling from a lower court that deemed an Oklahoma law unconstitutional, which had allowed schools to terminate teachers advocating for homosexual rights. The Supreme Court's ruling resulted from a split decision of four-to-four, as Justice Lewis Powell did not participate due to recovery from cancer surgery. Homosexual-rights advocates framed the case as a crucial step in combating discriminatory practices against the LGBTQ+ community. The Oklahoma City Board of Education defended the law by asserting that teachers, who serve as role models for students, might be subject to certain restrictions on their speech. However, a United States Court of Appeals had previously overturned the law, stating that it was overly broad and violated teachers' free speech rights. The contested law had been enacted in 1978 during a national anti-homosexual movement led by singer Anita Bryant. Under this law, teachers who openly advocated for homosexual activity could be dismissed, which was considered unlawful under Oklahoma's sodomy laws at the time. Advocates for LGBTQ+ rights pointed out that President Ronald Reagan had opposed a similar proposed measure in California in 1978, arguing that the concerns about homosexual teachers influencing their students' sexual orientations were unfounded and that the law could unfairly scrutinise every aspect of a teacher's life. Proponents of the Oklahoma law contended that the state's responsibility to foster a wholesome environment for children outweighed a teacher’s right to promote homosexual activities outside of school. This ruling by the Supreme Court is considered a landmark moment in the legal landscape concerning the rights of educators and the broader fight for homosexual rights in the United States, reflecting changing societal attitudes towards LGBTQ+ issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850328_2_66_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850328.2.66.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480772800
5446,28,03,1985,"Death Threat To M.P. Over Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 28 March 1985)","A recent threat against Fran Wilde, a Member of Parliament advocating for homosexual law reform in New Zealand, has raised serious concerns. Wilde received an anonymous letter that threatened her with death or serious injury due to her support for the legislation. She reported the letter to the police, expressing that it was one of many disturbing messages she has received, some of which come from individuals identifying as Christians who use biblical references to attack her personally. Wilde indicated the need for a more constructive public discussion to lessen the emotional intensity surrounding the issue of homosexual law reform. She also critiqued those backing a petition opposing the amendments, pointing out a contradiction in their argument. They claim that minors as young as 12 or 13 are mature enough to sign a petition while simultaneously asserting that adults should not have the autonomy to determine their own sexual orientation. The involvement of the Salvation Army in this debate has also drawn Wilde's disappointment. Some individuals associated with the Salvation Army have expressed discontent with the organisation's stance and questioned the discussions that took place prior to its engagement in the issue. Wilde lamented that the Salvation Army, historically viewed as compassionate and humane, has chosen to take this position against homosexual law reform. Additionally, Wilde defended her remarks regarding how petitions are often circulated in schools, countering claims that her observations were unfounded. She noted a troubling trend where high school and college students are pressured into signing petitions without fully understanding the implications. One instance she recounted involved a petition presented at a girls' college, where subsequent reflections from students revealed regret over their signatures. These students had been misled into believing the petition aimed to safeguard New Zealand's health. The ongoing harassment Wilde faces reflects wider societal tensions regarding homosexuality and its legal status in New Zealand, as opponents of reform seek to rally public support through various channels, including targeting young people in educational institutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850328_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850328.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480772800
5449,28,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 28 March 1985)","In a series of letters published in March 1985, various writers express their views on issues surrounding homosexuality and societal attitudes towards it. J. Ngarimu highlights the often hidden lives of homosexual men, who, due to societal pressures, live in a charade of normality while being indistinguishable from heterosexuals in their daily lives. Ngarimu warns that signing petitions against anti-homosexual law reform could lead to unintentional betrayal of friends and family members who may identify as homosexual. Alistair Gardner criticises those who reject evidence and expert opinions regarding homosexual rights, accusing them of preferring to remain ignorant and entrenched in their prejudices. Gardner argues that the resistance to facts is indicative of a broader unwillingness to confront established biases, suggesting that such rejection is both rude and destructive. B. Roberts addresses the hypocrisy of certain moral stances, particularly in relation to biblical interpretations. He compares the justification of apartheid in South Africa with opposition to homosexual law reform, arguing that both involve selective interpretations of the Bible. Roberts suggests that it is contradictory to advocate for the traditional family while simultaneously criminalising homosexuality, a stance that forces individuals to hide their identities. He further critiques the inconsistency of opposing sex education in schools while simultaneously promoting anti-homosexual sentiments, pointing to the acceptance of physical camaraderie in sports as a cultural double standard. Overall, the letters reflect a tension in societal attitudes towards homosexuality, challenging deeply held prejudices and biases while advocating for understanding and acceptance. The writers promote a message of love and acceptance, urging the community to rethink its views on homosexual individuals and the laws governing their lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850328_2_84_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850328.2.84.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480772800
5450,28,03,1985,"Imprisonment Figures For Homosexuality (Press, 28 March 1985)","On 1 March 1985, thirteen New Zealand citizens were imprisoned for homosexual offences, a statistic sought by Parliament opposition member Mr Geoff Braybrooke, who is against the reform of homosexual laws. The Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, provided historical data on individuals imprisoned for homosexual activities from 1979 to 1983. The reported figures for each year are as follows: In 1979, a total of 23 individuals were imprisoned: six for sodomy, twelve for indecency between males, and five for indecency between a man and a boy. The following year, 1980, saw a decrease with 15 persons imprisoned, comprising two for sodomy, twelve for indecency between males, and one for indecency involving a man and a boy. In 1981, the numbers dropped further, with eight imprisonments: one for sodomy, five for indecency between males, and two for indecency between a man and a boy. The trend of low imprisonment numbers continued in 1982, where eight individuals were imprisoned: six for sodomy and one each for indecency between males and indecency involving a man and a boy. However, in 1983, there was a notable increase, with 18 individuals imprisoned: twelve for sodomy, three for indecency between males, and three for indecency involving a man and a boy. Overall, over the five-year period from 1979 to 1983, the total number of imprisonments for these offences reached 72, broken down as follows: 27 for sodomy, 33 for indecency between males, and 12 for indecency between a man and a boy. Mr Palmer noted that the figures for 1984 had not yet been compiled.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850328_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850328.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480772800
5451,29,03,1985,"Anti-gay Petitioner Stymied (Press, 29 March 1985)","On 29 March 1985, Mr Barry Beckingsale, the principal of Nelson College, addressed the issue of a petition concerning the Homosexual Law Reform Bill that was being circulated among students. He confirmed that a pupil had been distributing the petition, which led him to confiscate it. Additionally, Beckingsale mentioned the existence of another petition available in the college cafeteria, but clarified that it was restricted to adult signatures only. He expressed his satisfaction that no students aged 13 or 14 had signed the petition, emphasising his belief that it was inappropriate for young individuals to participate in such matters. Beckingsale's comments highlighted the concerns about involving minors in adult political issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850329_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850329.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480859200
5456,30,03,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 30 March 1985)","In late March 1985, several letters published in New Zealand's press addressed the contentious issue of homosexual law reform, particularly focusing on the hypocrisy of opposition from certain Christian groups. C. Drace pointed out that contemporary laws regarding homosexual relations are remnants of antiquated Victorian legislation and lack relevance to modern moral or religious principles. Drace argued that love should embody compassion and understanding rather than hatred and bigotry, and asserted that no one has the authority to dictate rules for adult relationships, emphasising that abuse against children should be dealt with under the law. H. A. Chant echoed similar sentiments, criticising the Christian factions campaigning against homosexuality as hypocritical, blackmailers, and oppressors. Chant contrasted their behaviour with the teachings of Christ, suggesting that these individuals fail to recognise the suffering they inflict in their attempts to uphold their beliefs. Gregory Smith countered that not all members of the Anglican Church supported the Synod's 1979 decision to legalise homosexual acts. He insisted that churchgoers should rely on Biblical authority rather than the opinions expressed by ecclesiastical bodies, claiming that the scripture supports heterosexual relationships as being divinely intended. Ian Hood, writing from Blenheim, pointed out the irony in the call for a referendum on homosexual law reform, noting that the same individuals who are advocating for it had previously opposed a referendum on abortion, arguing that the government should govern without frequent public opinion polls. Hood also raised concerns about the petition being circulated, asserting that it contained invalid signatures from ineligible individuals and alleged that some were gathered through coercion in workplaces, thereby undermining its credibility in the eyes of Parliament. Overall, these letters reflect a broader societal debate regarding the legitimacy and morality of homosexual law reform, revealing deep divides in opinions that intertwine legal, moral, and religious considerations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850330_2_105_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850330.2.105.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480945600
5454,30,03,1985,"Row Over Petition In Schools (Press, 30 March 1985)","The Post-Primary Teachers’ Association (P.P.T.A.) and supporters of a national petition against proposed homosexual law reform are at odds over the issue of allowing the petition to be circulated in schools. Graeme Lee, a National Party MP for Hauraki and a vocal opponent of the reform, has accused the P.P.T.A. of inconsistency. He rebutted statements from the Association's president, Tony Steel, who suggested that promoting the petition in high schools contradicted the intent of new sex education legislation, claiming that the legislation applies solely to primary and intermediate schools. Lee stated that the challenge to the petition was specifically aimed at secondary schools, and pointed out that the P.P.T.A. had previously supported reforming homosexual laws to set the age of consent at 16. He interpreted this stance as indicative of a ""forked tongue"" and suggested a biased viewpoint from the association. Highlighting concerns about the influence of the homosexual community in schools, Lee expressed alarm over the potential implications of the reform law for young people. He emphasized the need for students, particularly those around the age of 13, to be made aware of the realities of homosexuality as a lifestyle choice. He argued that while schools provide sex education, students should also be informed about the possible consequences of adopting such an alternative lifestyle. Lee dismissed Steel's characterisation of the petition promoters as engaging in a political exercise in schools, claiming that there had always been an emphasis on consulting school headmasters. Furthermore, Lee responded to accusations made by Fran Wilde, a parliamentary supporter of the reform, who described the Salvation Army's previous objections as ""dishonest."" He labelled her remarks as bizarre and unfounded, asserting that they stemmed from her desperation to undermine opposing viewpoints. The unfolding dispute highlights the tensions between advocates for homosexual law reform and those seeking to maintain traditional values within the education system, emphasising differing opinions on the appropriateness of discussing such topics in schools.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850330_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850330.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480945600
5455,30,03,1985,"Secrecy For Bill Submissions (Press, 30 March 1985)","On 30 March 1985, Parliament in New Zealand made a significant decision regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This decision allows individuals making submissions about the bill to keep their identities confidential if they wish to do so. Mr T. C. de Cleene, the chairman of the Statutes Revision Committee, announced this measure, highlighting the sensitivity surrounding the subjected legislation. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill was introduced earlier that month by Ms Fran Wilde, a member of the Labour Party representing Wellington Central. The proposed legislation aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting male adults who are over 16 years of age, marking a pivotal moment in the legal and social recognition of homosexual rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850330_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850330.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480945600
5453,30,03,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 30 March 1985)","On 30 March 1985, Acting Leader of the House Mr Hunt announced in Parliament that the House would convene for only two days the following week, specifically on Tuesday and Wednesday, depending on the progress made on legislative matters. He confirmed that Parliament would reconvene on 28 May 1985. From that point on, Parliament would follow a consistent schedule of three weeks of sitting followed by one week of recess, during which select committees would convene. Mr Hunt mentioned that the Leader of the House, Mr Palmer, would propose this schedule on Tuesday, with the debate occurring the next day. The agenda for the Tuesday and Wednesday sessions included discussions on various pieces of legislation and time allotted for Ministerial replies to questions and private members' notices of motion on Wednesday afternoon. Responding to inquiries from the Acting Leader of the Opposition, Mr Bolger, Mr Hunt noted that the Union Membership Bill was unlikely to be fully processed before the upcoming Easter recess. During the session, members presented 20 notices of motion, and Ministers addressed 18 questions. Mr Hunt moved for urgency regarding reports from select committees, along with the advancement of multiple bills, including the Auckland Regional Authority (Mount Smart) Expenditure Bill and the Lakes District Waterways Authority (Shotover River) Empowering Bill. The motion received approval on a division vote of 44-29. Mr T. D. de Cleene, the chairman of the Statutes Revision Committee, informed the House that the committee agreed to maintain confidentiality for individuals submitting feedback on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill when requested. The Transport Amendment Bill (No. 3) was also returned from the Statutes Revision Committee. Additionally, Mr R. K. Maxwell, chairman of the Lands and Agriculture Committee, reported on a petition from Doreen Rendall and 2693 others regarding the Kaituna River's outlet, and the committee planned to visit Maketu to gather community feedback. Mr P. T. E. Woollaston, chairman of the Local Bills Committee, addressed another petition from Dorothy M. Low and 35 other individuals requesting the rejection of the Auckland Regional Authority (Mount Smart) Expenditure Bill and a public inquiry into the authority's finances. However, the committee had no recommendation on this petition. Subsequently, both the Auckland Regional Authority (Mount Smart) Expenditure Bill and the Lakes District Waterways Authority (Shotover River) Empowering Bill were reported back and passed through all necessary legislative stages. The Accident Compensation Amendment (No. 2) Bill similarly passed through all stages after its second reading. The second reading of the Reserves and Other Lands Disposal (No. 2) Bill was also initiated and completed. Further discussions led to the second readings of the Customs Orders Confirmation Bill and the Agriculture (Emergency Regulations Confirmation) Bill. The Farm Ownership Savings Amendment Bill saw its second reading conclude, alongside the Social Security (Rates of Benefits) Orders Confirmation Bill and the War Pensions (Rates of Pensions and Allowances) Orders Confirmation Bill, all of which passed significant stages. Mr Terris, the Acting Speaker, confirmed that the Governor-General had granted approval for appropriations related to the Transport Amendment Bill (No. 3), which moved through its legislative stages and achieved its third reading. The House adjourned at 3.26 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850330_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850330.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480945600
5452,30,03,1985,"Young Nationals Conference (Press, 30 March 1985)","The Young Nationals are set to hold their annual South Island policy conference at Lincoln College over the Easter weekend in 1985. Approximately 60 members are anticipated to participate in the three-day event. Key topics for debate will include homosexual law reform, the rugby tour of South Africa, and the A.N.Z.U.S. alliance. Additionally, members will address remits concerning employment, education, and electricity prices in the South Island. The conference convenor, Mr Andrew Harvey, indicated that the National Party's organisational review committee report is also likely to be a significant point of discussion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850330_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850330.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,480945600
5457,01,04,1985,"‘Gays’ Take Cardinal To Task (Press, 1 April 1985)","On 1 April 1985, Cardinal Tom Williams, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church in New Zealand, publicly condemned the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which aimed to decriminalise homosexual acts. His comments sparked significant backlash from homosexual rights groups, who argued his views were outdated and harmful. Cardinal Williams asserted that homosexual acts are inherently immoral and suggested that decriminalising such behaviour would lead to an increase in it. He expressed concern that many homosexual individuals and their families would be ""angered and disgusted"" by his stance. Phil Parkinson, the administrator of the Lesbian and Gay Rights Resource Centre in Wellington, accused the Church's hierarchy of arrogance in presuming to define sexual morality for others. He labelled the Cardinal's comments as ignorant attempts to deny individuals their free will concerning sexual matters. Bill Logan, a spokesperson for the Gay Taskforce, argued that religious beliefs should not be imposed on society, especially if they perpetuated myths that encourage violence and discrimination against homosexuals. In the newspaper article, Cardinal Williams maintained that his opposition to the bill was not a judgment on individual homosexuals but a responsibility to uphold Christian moral law. He warned that legal changes could mislead society regarding what is deemed morally acceptable, equating the situation to the legalisation of abortion, which he deemed an evil that became more widespread as a result. He suggested that the bill would neither protect the interests of homosexual individuals nor benefit society as a whole. Cardinal Williams advocated for a nuanced understanding that takes into account social, medical, psychological, and moral considerations, arguing that simply focusing on legal aspects would not adequately address the challenges faced by homosexual individuals. He expressed concern that removing legal and societal incentives for seeking assistance with sexual orientation might further harm those struggling with it. He also voiced strong objections to the proposed age of consent set at 16, arguing that this could lead to inappropriate behaviour among youths. In response, critics labelled Cardinal Williams’ arguments as hypocrisy, highlighting the Church's historical persecution of homosexuals. Parkinson rebuked the Cardinal for using discredited ideas to justify discriminatory stances, while Logan questioned his understanding of contemporary psychology, pointing out that major health organisations recognise homosexuality as a normal aspect of human sexuality that should not be changed. Logan's comments reflected a consensus within the homosexual community that love and consensual relationships among adults should not be criminalised and that the Church's position was out of touch with modern values. The ongoing debate underscored a clash between traditional religious perspectives and evolving societal attitudes towards sexuality and individual rights in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850401_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850401.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481118400
5458,01,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 1 April 1985)","In a series of letters to the editor, various perspectives on the topic of homosexual law reform in New Zealand are shared. One notable letter from Barry Allom highlights two key arguments for enacting Fran Wilde’s Bill to reform laws concerning homosexuality. Firstly, he points out that the existing law is infrequently enforced and difficult to apply, which renders it ineffective and thus necessitates change to reflect societal attitudes. Secondly, Allom contends that legal discrimination against a vulnerable minority, such as the homosexual community, is unjustifiable. He refutes the common argument that homosexual activity is unnatural, stating that for approximately 10 per cent of the population, it is indeed natural. Allom suggests that while the age of consent could be debated, a reasonable compromise would be to set it at 16, although 18 may gain wider acceptance. He expresses concern that fundamentalist hysteria obscures the fundamental issues at stake. John C. Watson, Chairman of the Canterbury branch of the New Zealand Psychological Society, adds to the discourse by noting the diverse opinions present, particularly contrasting the views of Ken Strongman, who urges a rational approach, and Varian J. Wilson, whose letters reflect personal feelings that diverge from the majority stance among registered psychologists. He emphasises the importance of recognising these distinctions and notes that accurate information regarding qualified psychologists is available for those seeking guidance. Paul Maling also responds to Wilson, defending himself against what he describes as false accusations. Maling takes issue with Wilson’s statement claiming that he compared New Zealand’s laws unfavourably to those of Muslim countries that impose severe penalties on homosexuals. He clarifies that he made no such comparison, especially in light of the extreme punishments faced by Iranian homosexuals, which he deems irrelevant to the New Zealand context. Maling questions the validity of Wilson’s claims regarding sexual abuse of young boys in Muslim countries, asking for concrete evidence to support such serious allegations. He accuses Wilson of unprofessionally introducing an emotional distraction into the current debate. Overall, the letters illustrate the contentious and emotionally charged nature of the discussion surrounding homosexual law reform in New Zealand during this period, indicating a divide between rational discourse and emotive responses.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850401_2_74_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850401.2.74.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481118400
5459,01,04,1985,"Moral Issues (Press, 1 April 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 1 April 1985, a correspondent named J. Sharp expressed concerns about the Salvation Army's focus on specific moral issues, particularly its campaign against homosexual law reform. Sharp acknowledged the positive aspects of the Salvation Army's engagement in moral debates but warned that credibility could be compromised if the organisation seemed to prioritise one issue over others. The letter referenced Patricia Bartlett's long-standing fight against the sale of pornographic literature, highlighting her limited backing from other churches. Additionally, Sharp pointed out that anti-vivisection advocates have argued for the church's support in condemning animal experimentation as being morally wrong. Sharp encouraged the Salvation Army to expand its moral campaign to include a broader range of issues, suggesting that by doing so, it could present itself as a more genuinely inclusive and principled organisation rather than appearing to target a single group with perceived bigotry. The letter implied that a more comprehensive approach to morality would benefit the Salvation Army's reputation and its mission.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850401_2_74_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850401.2.74.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481118400
5460,02,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 2 April 1985)","In letters published in response to a previous commentary on homosexuality, various authors express their opinions and concerns regarding societal attitudes toward homosexuality and the proposed legislation surrounding it. R. E. Turner responds to a letter by Gregory Smith, who argued from a biblical perspective against homosexuality. Turner contends that such beliefs contribute to societal violence, particularly against women. He proposes organizing a petition to have the Bible declared illegal, highlighting his concern over the implications of viewing women solely as entities created for men's needs. Alan Wilkinson discusses an incident he witnessed in a fish and chip shop, where he observed fathers using violence instead of affection with their sons. He recalls Helen Brown’s article on suburban violence and argues for a more compassionate understanding of love and relationships. Wilkinson advocates for the repeal of laws against male homosexuality, suggesting that societal attitudes should shift towards respecting genuine affectionate relationships rather than outlawing them. He further critiques societal norms that hold certain groups, such as Christians and heterosexuals, to lower standards of legal scrutiny compared to homosexuals, emphasizing that all New Zealanders should feel loved. Varian J. Wilson expresses skepticism about the claims of a “vast majority” of homosexual men living hidden lives, criticizing the lack of genuine representation in discussions about law reform. He raises concerns about a lack of male participation in interviews regarding the legal treatment of homosexuality and suggests that the portrayal of homosexuals has often been sensationalised rather than accurately depicted. Lastly, L. J. Cooper shares his experience gathering signatures against Fran Wilde's bill supporting homosexual law reform. He reports that he garnered significant support from neighbours for the petition, noting that many were eager to sign after learning about specific aspects of the proposed bill, particularly concerning minors and consent. Overall, the letters reflect a diverse array of opinions on the topic of homosexuality and related legal reforms, underlining a societal struggle with accepting different forms of love and the implications of existing laws.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850402_2_96_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850402.2.96.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481204800
5464,03,04,1985,"‘Balanced View’ On Homosexuality (Press, 3 April 1985)","On 3 April 1985, the Rev Ian Cairns, a Presbyterian lecturer in biblical studies from Mosgiel, highlighted a comparison between homosexuals and left-handed individuals, suggesting both are born that way and unable to change. Cairns, affiliated with Holy Cross College, a training seminary for Catholic priests, urged Christians to adopt a more balanced perspective on the issue of homosexuality. He recounted his personal experience as a left-handed person, noting that while some left-handed children manage to write with their right hand, he was unable to do so, which he believed parallels the experiences of genuine homosexual individuals. Cairns acknowledged that while some individuals may develop homosexual patterns due to external influences and would otherwise be heterosexual, there are others who have a natural homosexual orientation from birth. He commented on the role of lawmakers, emphasising that their duty is not to dictate moral judgments but to protect individuals' rights. The minister also addressed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, describing it as an honest effort to allow freedom for personal moral decisions while protecting the rights of society as a whole. He called for accurate biblical interpretations from those opposing the bill, arguing that the individuals condemned in the biblical stories of Sodom and in Judges were not homosexuals in a conventional sense. Instead, he referred to them as ""callous heterosexuals"" who exploited others for their sexual desires. Cairns expressed a hope that discussions around this topic would be devoid of deep-rooted prejudices and instead reflect the inclusive ethos of Christ, who welcomed individuals from all walks of life without prejudice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850403_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850403.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481291200
5461,03,04,1985,"‘Mischievous’ Alteration (Press, 3 April 1985)","On 3 April 1985, Mr Jim Gerard, the Member of Parliament for Rangiora, announced that a modified petition regarding homosexual law reform circulating in his electorate had become invalid due to a deceptive alteration. The original petition, which sought support for the reform across New Zealand, had been tampered with in a way that included an added statement falsely attributing support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill to Gerard. The added text queried voters in North Canterbury—specifically in Hurunui County or the Rangiora Electorate—whether they agreed with the claim that Gerard had supported the bill to legalise homosexual behaviour. Mr Gerard denounced this addition as ""mischievous"" and ""totally misleading."" He clarified that he did not support the bill in its original form and had not voted to legalise homosexual behaviour. Rather, his only action had been to support the bill's progression to a select committee for further study and consideration of evidence. He urged individuals who had signed the modified petition to recognise that it was not the legitimate document and could not be counted as valid.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850403_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850403.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481291200
5463,03,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 3 April 1985)","On 3 April 1985, several letters to the editor were published discussing the ongoing debate around homosexual law reform in New Zealand. The correspondence highlighted differing opinions regarding morality, legality, and the acceptance of homosexuality within society, particularly from a religious perspective. Hugh Gaw, one of the letter writers, expressed criticism of Cardinal Williams for what he perceived as confusion regarding the distinction between legal and moral issues. He pointed out that while the Catholic Church views all sexual activity outside of marriage as immoral, it rarely advocates for legal action against behaviors like adultery, masturbation, or the use of contraception. Gaw questioned whether Cardinal Williams would support sanctions against such activities if he persists in his opposition to homosexual law reform. He concluded with a provocative reflection on the nature of what is considered ""unnatural,"" comparing human behaviour with animal instinct, noting instances of same-sex activity among animals and their lack of contraception use. Another letter, penned by Sharon Walklin, conveyed the emotional and personal dimensions of the debate. A mother of two young boys, she shared her unconditional love for her children, regardless of their sexual orientation. Walklin expressed concern about the fear and hatred directed at homosexuals by some who identify as Christians, urging a more compassionate and accepting stance, emphasising that all homosexuals were once innocent children. The third response came from B. Roberts, who challenged the reductionist views that rigidly define gender roles and morality according to traditional biblical interpretations. Roberts critiqued the interpretation presented by Gregory Smith, suggesting that it unjustly confines the discussion to a one-dimensional view of creation and sexuality. He referenced the duality of creation in the Genesis narrative, arguing for a more inclusive understanding that recognises the legitimacy of diverse identities and relationships. Roberts articulated the dangers of unchecked power dynamics that dismiss the humanity of marginalized groups, warning that such ideologies can lead to violence under the guise of discipline or correction. These letters reflect a vibrant public discourse in 1985 on issues of sexuality, morality, and the role of religion, highlighting the complexities and personal stakes involved in the debate over homosexual law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850403_2_96_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850403.2.96.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481291200
5465,03,04,1985,"Opposition To ‘gay’ Law Reform Questioned (Press, 3 April 1985)","Cardinal Williams' statement on the Catholic Church's opposition to homosexual law reform has been called into question by Professor Jim Robb, the president of the Homosexual Law Reform Society. Robb, who is affiliated with the sociology department at Victoria University in Wellington, expressed concern that the Cardinal's position may have been inaccurately presented or incomplete. The legislation in question not only legalises homosexual acts between adult men but also aims to grant equal rights against discrimination to homosexual individuals under the Human Rights Commission Act. Robb argued that for the Cardinal to oppose this aspect of the bill suggests a belief that Christians should have the right to discriminate against homosexuals, which could deny them access to jobs, housing, education, and services. He interpreted the implications of the Cardinal's message as supportive of discrimination, which would result in embarrassment for many Catholics. The society is hopeful that if approached, Cardinal Williams would likely issue a strong condemnation of discrimination and prejudice, given that the Catholic Church has historically defended the rights of those aligned with its moral or doctrinal beliefs. Robb's statements highlight a desire for clarity and a correction from the Cardinal regarding his comments, which seem to imply an endorsement of discriminatory practices contrary to principles of equality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850403_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850403.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481291200
5462,03,04,1985,"View On Homosexuality (Press, 3 April 1985)","On 3 April 1985, the Salvation Army announced that it would recommend a more compassionate approach to the classification and penalties for homosexual offenders to Parliament’s Statutes Revision Committee. This stance was articulated through an advertisement published in the ""Evening Post,"" which outlined the organisation's position on the ongoing Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The Salvation Army expressed regret that its previous involvement in a petition opposing the bill, combined with certain media coverage, may have led to misunderstandings among its supporters. In the advertisement, the Salvation Army made a clear distinction between homosexual orientation and homosexual acts, asserting that while they sympathise with thoughts they view as abnormal, they do not condone behaviours that conflict with their scriptural standards. They emphasised their understanding of the challenges faced by homosexual individuals while rejecting the notion of normalising behaviours they deem deviant. The organisation clarified that its opposition to the reform bill should not be interpreted as approval of the current provisions in the Crimes Act concerning consenting males. They acknowledged the significant public pressure on both sides of the debate. However, the Salvation Army reaffirmed its independent decision-making in supporting the petition against the reform bill, stating that the petition is a legitimate democratic expression. The advertisement also highlighted the Salvation Army's commitment to providing compassionate support services for homosexuals, consistent with their international principles. They concluded by reassuring the public that funds from the Red Shield appeal or any other donations would not be used to oppose the bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850403_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850403.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481291200
5469,04,04,1985,"M.P. Tells Homosexuals: Exercise Moderation (Press, 4 April 1985)","On 4 April 1985, Fran Wilde, a Labour MP from Wellington Central, expressed her concerns about the emotional tactics employed by opponents of the homosexual law reform legislation she was advocating. Wilde acknowledged the intense feelings within the gay community, stemming from their experiences with intolerance and prejudice. However, she urged moderation among supporters of the reform, emphasizing that a similar emotional response to the opposition would not contribute positively to the legislative process. Wilde highlighted the ""hysteria and emotional hype"" surrounding the campaign against the legislation, describing it as distressing to witness within the community. She encouraged proponents of the reform to engage in constructive dialogue, advising them to take time to explain the legislation to friends, colleagues, and to communicate their views to their local MPs. According to Wilde, much of the opposition was rooted in misconceptions, blind prejudice, and a fear driven by insecurity and ignorance. She firmly believed that the most effective argument for the reform could be made through rational discourse, rather than emotional reactions. In her address, she also pointed out that many opponents referred to biblical texts to support their stance, but she reminded them of the importance of love in their arguments, quoting St Paul from the Corinthians. Wilde's plea aimed to foster understanding and rational discussion in the face of opposition to the proposed law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850404_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850404.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481377600
5466,04,04,1985,"P.m. Favours ‘gay’ Law Reform (Press, 4 April 1985)","On 4 April 1985, Prime Minister David Lange expressed his support for homosexual law reform in New Zealand while stating that he anticipated amendments to the legislation currently before Parliament. This was his first formal comment on the issue, as he had been absent during its introduction. In a response to a letter, Lange indicated he would have voted for the legislation's introduction had he been present. He argued for the decriminalisation of consensual sexual relationships between adults, describing the current laws as ""irrational,"" ""unequal in application,"" and ultimately ineffective. Lange emphasised the absurdity of imprisoning consenting adult males for their sexual orientation, noting the influence of those who advocate for punishment based on claimed Christian beliefs. The letter in question had been sent to various members of Parliament, and 19 responses were received, showcasing a wide variety of opinions. Among the opponents of reform was Graeme Lee, a National Party member from Hauraki, who argued against homosexual relationships based on his interpretation of religious doctrine. He insisted that such expressions of love were contrary to God's intentions and doubted the existence of any scientific evidence that supported the notion of inherent homosexuality. In contrast, the Minister of Justice, Geoffrey Palmer, shared his personal view that the law should be revised to prevent criminalising sexual behaviour between consenting adult males. He did not dispute the necessity for reform, aligning with the position of several religious leaders. The public questions committee of the Methodist and Presbyterian Churches also advocated for decriminalisation, labelling the current laws discriminatory and illogical. They pointed out that even if a majority of New Zealanders deemed such acts immoral, it was inappropriate for the criminal law to enforce specific moral standards. This emerging dialogue in New Zealand's Parliament reflected a significant shift in attitudes towards homosexuality and the push for meaningful legal reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850404_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850404.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481377600
5468,04,04,1985,"P.p.t.a. Denies Bias On Homosexual Bill (Press, 4 April 1985)","The Post-Primary Teachers’ Association (P.P.T.A.) publicly refuted allegations made by Graeme Lee, the Member of Parliament for Hauraki, regarding its stance on the petition against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Lee, who is one of the organisers of the petition, accused the P.P.T.A. of having a ""forked tongue"" and a biased viewpoint towards the initiative. He argued that the association's claims concerning the circulation of the petition in high schools being contrary to new sex education legislation were inaccurate. According to Lee, the provisions of the new sex education legislation were applicable only to primary and intermediate schools. Lee further noted that the P.P.T.A. had previously indicated support for reforming homosexual laws, specifically endorsing an age of consent of 16 years, suggesting that this reflected a duality in its attitude. In response to these claims, P.P.T.A. president Tony Steele clarified that current sex education legislation indeed applied to both primary and intermediate as well as secondary schools. He contested Lee’s assertion regarding the association’s support for the reform, stating that the P.P.T.A. had not agreed to support the age of consent being set at 16. Steele emphasized that it was inappropriate for external parties to distribute political petitions within secondary school environments, highlighting a significant discrepancy between the behaviour of those circulating the petition and the proposed stringent regulations governing sex education and parental consultation in secondary educational settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850404_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850404.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481377600
5467,04,04,1985,"Petitioners Claim Harassment (Press, 4 April 1985)","On 4 April 1985, members of a Catholic group in Wellington reported incidents of harassment while collecting signatures against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The Catholic group, Catholics United for the Faith, was gathering support outside a post office with the approval of the postmaster when they encountered hostility from a group of homosexual men. Janet Curran, a member of the Catholic group, stated that during the petition drive, a woman in her 50s was assaulted when her arm was grabbed and twisted while she attempted to protect the petition from being destroyed. Curran described how members of the opposing group not only verbally harassed them but also vandalised the petition by scribbling on and tearing up several pages. The harassment continued throughout the day, with two male members tending the petition desk in the morning and two female members in the afternoon. Despite the disruption, the Catholic group managed to collect approximately 300 signatures by Tuesday afternoon. Bill Logan, a representative from the Gay Task Force, denied that any homosexual group was responsible for the alleged aggressive actions. However, he acknowledged that such confrontations were not surprising. The incident highlights the tense atmosphere surrounding the debate over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand at the time, reflecting deep societal divisions on the issue of rights for homosexual individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850404_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850404.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481377600
5470,06,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 6 April 1985)","In a series of letters published on 6 April 1985, various individuals express their views on the contentious Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. GERALD ORCHARD addresses concerns raised by L. J. Cooper regarding the implications of the bill, clarifying that while sexual conduct involving males aged 12 to 16 could potentially involve a defence if specific conditions are met, the framework for such cases aligns with existing laws concerning sexual conduct with girls in the same age group. J. L. CAMP responds to R. E. Turner’s proposal to declare the Bible illegal by critiquing the rationale behind defining legality based on agreement or disagreement with specific ideas. He argues that the Bible encompasses more than just the relationship between men and women and that a belief in its teachings does not correlate with increases in violent crimes such as rape. A. D. CARSTAIRS challenges Cardinal Williams's stance that the Church's teachings on sexual morality should be enforced through law. He contends that such an imposition reveals a lack of confidence in persuading the public through dialogue, and highlights the historical injustices faced by Catholics in Britain, drawing a parallel to current legal penalties faced by individuals expressing love in same-sex relationships. Finally, STAN L. JELLEY summarises key points of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, detailing how it seeks to criminalise certain behaviours involving young boys, redefine issues of consent, and address discrimination based on sexual orientation. He urges clarity on the aims of the bill and suggests that opponents may inadvertently support harmful behaviours. Jelley also advocates for the legitimacy of stable same-sex relationships, arguing they should not be perceived as a threat. The letters reflect the broader societal debates on morality, legality, and the rights of individuals in relation to ongoing reforms in New Zealand's legal landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850406_2_116_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850406.2.116.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481550400
5472,08,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Proposal Rejected By Young Nats (Press, 8 April 1985)","At their policy conference held at Lincoln College over the weekend, the South Island Young Nationals expressed their opposition to the homosexual law reform bill currently before Parliament. The bill was rejected with a vote of 11 to 15 among the approximately 40 attendees. Mr Nick Smith, the chairman of the Young Nationals' Canterbury-Westland branch, articulated that while some form of homosexual law reform is necessary, they do not support the existing proposal. He stated that homosexual acts should not be criminalised, but they should not be deemed as ""normal"" either. The group was particularly concerned that the bill implied rights for homosexuals to marry and adopt children, which they opposed. Moreover, the conference also discussed the Rugby Union's proposed tour of South Africa, with the delegates unanimously agreeing that the decision should be left to the Rugby Union without political interference. There was a strong call for a referendum concerning the Government's nuclear-weapon-free zone policy, with Mr Smith arguing that such a move would facilitate public debate and ensure future Governments respect the referendum's outcome. Economic issues dominated much of the conference's discussions. The delegates proposed a “negative” income tax system to replace all existing social welfare benefits. This would create a streamlined approach to welfare payments, making it more efficient than the current system, according to Mr Smith. Under this proposed system, individuals earning below a set threshold would not pay income tax, while those without income would receive assistance based on their needs, eliminating the distinctions between different benefit categories. The Young Nationals also advocated that unemployment benefits should only be available in exchange for part-time training or work and called for an increase in vocational training offered in secondary schools. They expressed concerns that the current education system was overly focused on academic achievement, failing to adequately prepare students for the workforce. Additionally, the conference supported the legalisation and licensing of prostitution, reflecting a progressive stance on this social issue. The discussions at the conference highlighted the Young Nationals' inclination towards reform in both social and economic policies, while also holding conservative views on certain rights and issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850408_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850408.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481723200
5471,08,04,1985,"Salvation Army Picketed (Press, 8 April 1985)","On 7 April 1985, approximately 100 individuals participated in a protest outside the Salvation Army Congress Hall in Auckland, opposing the organisation's stance against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This demonstration was organised by a group known as the Gay-Lesbian Coalition. During the protest, participants sang and chanted while inside the hall, and later distributed leaflets to congregation members as they exited. Debbie Moran, a representative for the coalition, noted that some attendees from the congregation expressed their support for the bill. In response, Captain David Bennett, the Salvation Army's public relations officer, stated that the demonstration did not disrupt the service or disturb the congregation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850408_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850408.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481723200
5474,09,04,1985,"A.I.D.S. Documentary (Press, 9 April 1985)","Since A.I.D.S. emerged as a significant health concern three years prior, public sentiment has oscillated between confusion, fear, anger, and hysteria. A documentary scheduled to air at 8:30 PM on Channel Two aims to address the numerous myths and misconceptions surrounding this often fatal disease. Narrated by Edward Asner, known for his role in ""Lou Grant,"" the programme offers insights into the lives of five individuals affected by A.I.D.S., part of the over 5000 cases reported thus far. The documentary includes the personal stories of a young homosexual man, a haemophiliac, a drug user, a child born with the disease, and a Haitian individual. It also delves into the emotional toll on family members who bear the burden of knowing that a loved one has A.I.D.S. One poignant account is provided by Stella McKee, whose husband, a haemophiliac, contracted A.I.D.S. She shares that her greatest struggle is the prospect of facing the future alone with her children due to the disease's inevitable progression, stating, ""with no cure... it could happen tomorrow. That’s the hardest thing."" An animated segment in the film illustrates how A.I.D.S. attacks the human immune system, hindering the body’s ability to defend itself against various infections and illnesses. The documentary also features insights from three medical experts who discuss recent findings regarding the viral cause of A.I.D.S. and the potential future of treatment and prevention strategies, shedding light on the timeline that may be required to develop a cure and a vaccine. Funding for this impactful documentary was sourced from Hoffman La Roche Inc., along with additional support from the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute. The programme promises to educate viewers and reduce the stigma associated with A.I.D.S. through personal narratives and expert analysis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850409_2_109_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850409.2.109.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481809600
5475,09,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 9 April 1985)","In a series of letters published on 5 April 1985, several writers express their views on sexuality, morality, and societal norms against the backdrop of changing perceptions towards homosexuality. E. R. L. Wilson comments on the concept of monogamy as a foundation for society and questions whether, given current social and economic conditions, any change in how people relate sexually can be afforded. Bruce Morrison critiques the stance of the Salvation Army regarding legal reforms for homosexual relationships, arguing that the organisation perpetuates a negative narrative about homosexuals, equating them to societal evils. He highlights that the law punishes expressions of love, notably between consenting adults, and compares the persecution of homosexuals to that faced by Jesus, suggesting that nothing has changed for the LGBTQ+ community since biblical times. V. H. Anderson offers a critique of Catholic Church teachings, suggesting that inconsistencies exist within the Church regarding moral teachings, particularly with respect to sex and contraception. He argues that modern bishops may be reluctant to make definitive statements to maintain unity among various Christian denominations. Another letter by Edna Bruges defends the Salvation Army's values, stating that rules are essential for a sustainable understanding of love. Bruges posits that a love devoid of moral discipline lacks stability and can lead to negative societal outcomes, particularly for children born to parents who do not adhere to commitments. Lastly, Mr and Mrs H. Nihoniho express concerns regarding the narrative surrounding homosexuality, referencing Alfred Kinsey's research on sexual behaviour and suggesting that legalising homosexuality could lead to increased occurrences of sexual exploitation of minors. They advocate for the protection of children from what they perceive as moral decay disguised as sex education. Overall, the letters reflect a broader conversation about the need for societal and legal reforms concerning relationships and homosexuality, the perceived moral decay, and the struggle between traditional values and emerging views on sexual freedom and expression in New Zealand society in 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850409_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850409.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481809600
5473,09,04,1985,"Teachers Support Bill (Press, 9 April 1985)","On 9 April 1985, a significant development occurred in Hamilton regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, as the conference of women teachers expressed strong support for the legislation. Organised by the secondary school teachers' union, P.P.T.A., the conference saw delegates voting overwhelmingly in favour of a remit that endorsed the bill. Joce Jesson, an Auckland teacher, articulated the reasons for this support, emphasising that the bill was facing opposition based on misinformation. She highlighted that the reform represents a vital human rights issue that affects not only individuals but also the union as it seeks to uphold the rights of its gay and lesbian members. This provided a notable indication of increasing acceptance and advocacy for LGBTQ+ rights within educational institutions during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850409_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850409.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481809600
5477,10,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 10 April 1985)","In April 1985, a series of letters regarding Fran Wilde's bill, which sought to address issues surrounding homosexuality, sparked considerable debate. The bill has been interpreted by some, including L.J. Cooper, as allowing children aged 12 to 16 to engage in sodomy without it being considered a crime, calling into question the bill’s true intentions. Cooper expressed concern about the bill’s implications, suggesting it undermined societal values and would lead to an increase in homosexual situations in daily life, drawing a comparison to the culture in San Francisco. He claimed to have a petition opposing the bill, signed by 200 individuals, reflecting widespread disapproval. I. M. Cookson joined the discussion, thanking Rev. Ian Cairns for clarifying the distinction between genuine homosexuals and “depraved heterosexuals” posing as homosexuals. Cookson articulated a common public fear regarding the safety and exploitation concerns tied to these individuals, suggesting that the bill lacks adequate protection for both homosexuals and heterosexuals from exploitation. In a separate letter, Paul Maling shared a personal experience from World War II involving two elderly Arab men who illustrated the importance of hospitality laws in their culture. He referenced scriptures from Leviticus, arguing that the biblical accounts often cited in discussions about homosexuality, including the stories from Genesis and Judges, were wrongly interpreted. Maling claimed that the real transgression in these stories was the breach of hospitality, rather than homosexual acts, pointing out that Dr. Cairns may have overlooked this aspect in his earlier statements. The letters collectively reveal a diverse range of opinions on the proposed legislation, highlighting fears around the implications for societal norms and the perceived threat posed by certain sexual behaviours. The debate also reflects broader societal attitudes towards homosexuality during the mid-1980s in New Zealand, with strong emotions and concerns regarding morality, protection, and the potential impact on families and communities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850410_2_105_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850410.2.105.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481896000
5476,10,04,1985,"Homosexuality And Prostitution (Press, 10 April 1985)","In a letter to the editor published in ""The Press"" on 10 April 1985, a writer named V. Stewart responds critically to the South Island Young Nationals' stance on legalised prostitution and their opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Stewart highlights a contradiction in the Young Nationals’ views, noting that while they denounce homosexual relationships as ""not normal,"" they simultaneously support the legalisation of prostitution, which predominantly allows men to purchase women’s bodies. V. Stewart describes this duality as indicative of a perverse understanding of sexuality, asserting that it reflects the values of a patriarchal society. The writer argues that the Young Nationals seem to harbour fears regarding same-sex relationships and the potential for genuine, equitable connections between men and women. Overall, the letter challenges the prevailing attitudes towards sexuality and relationships as expressed by the Young Nationals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850410_2_105_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850410.2.105.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481896000
5478,11,04,1985,"A.I.D.S. Risk Low (Press, 11 April 1985)","On 11 April 1985, the New Zealand Health Department reported a low percentage of haemophiliacs exposed to the Aids virus through blood products compared to other countries. Dr Keith Ridings, chairman of the transfusion advisory committee, indicated that only about 11 per cent of tested haemophiliacs had the H.T.V.L. 3 antibody, which is linked to Aids. Out of 121 blood samples processed, 13 tested positive for the antibody. The Health Department awaited results from an additional 80 tests from Australia. In comparison, higher exposure rates were reported abroad, with 40 per cent in Australia and between 70 to 80 per cent in the United States. Dr Ridings noted that exposure to the virus could have occurred over the last three years, as it takes time for antibodies to develop post-exposure. While there had been no locally contracted Aids cases in New Zealand, five cases had been documented, all originating from overseas infections. The establishment of a comprehensive blood donor screening system was still in the pipeline, and two types of Aids screening were presently being evaluated, with three more types under consideration. The anticipated cost of these tests ranged from $3.50 to $8.60 each. Dr Ridings mentioned that a manual screening process had been operational for some time and appeared effective. Donors classified in the “at risk” category could indicate this on a mandatory form, allowing their blood to be redirected for research purposes. A backup card system also functioned effectively; it allowed donors to revise their risk status up to 24 hours post-donation if the donor felt pressured at the time of giving blood. Notably, many individuals across various centres had called back within this timeframe to disclose their at-risk status. The Health Department was waiting for policy and financial clearance to launch a campaign aimed at preventing the spread of Aids in the country. Dr Ridings expressed positive feedback regarding a recent television programme that effectively detailed the nature of the Aids virus and related issues, asserting it as one of the best-produced segments on the topic. He suggested that Television New Zealand should consider airing the programme again for broader public education on the matter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850411_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850411.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481982400
5479,11,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 11 April 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 11 April 1985, Betty O'Dowd defended the notion that Cardinal Williams’s opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill does not reflect the official stance of the Roman Catholic Church. O'Dowd pointed out that a significant report from the English Catholic hierarchy, which was submitted to the Wolfenden Committee, clearly stated that the state should not be concerned with sin and rejected the use of criminal sanctions for private acts of sexual morality between consenting adults. This report, issued nearly 30 years prior to her letter, advocated for the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between responsible adults. O'Dowd suggested that New Zealand should consider this guidance in its approach to the current discussion about the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Another letter in the same issue, from J. Ngarimu, expressed disagreement with a pamphlet titled “Ten Good Reasons for Saying ‘No’ to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill,” which was intended to encourage people to sign a petition against the bill being circulated by the Salvation Army. Ngarimu highlighted the division among Christians regarding homosexual law reform and critiqued the pamphlet for what he perceived as its oversimplification of the issue and its promotion of an extreme viewpoint.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850411_2_65_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850411.2.65.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481982400
5480,11,04,1985,"Homosexuality And Prostitution (Press, 11 April 1985)","In a letter published on 11 April 1985, Craig F. Hood critiques the South Island Young Nationals' stance regarding a reform bill that does not address the rights of gay people to marry or adopt children. He highlights their opposition to the bill, which suggests they perceive homosexual acts as abnormal. Hood argues that while the Young Nationals support the decriminalisation of homosexuality, they seem to prefer a modified stance that continues to stigmatise it. He points out a glaring inconsistency in their moral outlook: the group advocates for legalised prostitution, enabling sexual transactions between men and women, yet opposes consensual relationships among gay men. According to Hood, this creates a contradictory moral framework where sexual activities for financial gain are deemed acceptable, while love between consenting males is not. He concludes by emphasising the inherent hypocrisy in their position, where women are empowered to make choices about their bodies, but gay men are denied that same freedom in relationships based on love.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850411_2_65_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850411.2.65.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481982400
5481,11,04,1985,"Sweden Church Might Support Homosexuality (Press, 11 April 1985)","In April 1985, Sweden's Lutheran State Church appears poised to endorse proposed legislation aimed at prohibiting discrimination against homosexuals. This move could have significant implications for the Church's stance on homosexuality, potentially curtailing priests' freedoms to preach that it is sinful. Bishops are expected to express their opinions on a formal report advocating for legal protections for homosexuals and the prohibition of public derogatory remarks towards them. Liberal members of the Church of Sweden anticipate that the bishops will align with this report and shift away from the Church’s longstanding condemnation of homosexuality, which dates back to a 1951 statement that labelled it as a ""crime against the word of God."" Dean Ludvig Jonsson of Stockholm Cathedral highlighted the Church's progressive movement, noting that many priests have adopted a more accepting approach toward homosexuals. Jonsson has been particularly proactive in promoting inclusivity, having helped establish a dedicated service for homosexuals that has become an integral part of Stockholm's annual ""homosexual liberation"" week. He affirmed the Church's acceptance of homosexuals without reservations. Anna Mohr, a spokesperson for a homosexual Christian group, indicated that some priests are openly homosexual, especially in the more progressive Stockholm area, although discretion regarding sexual orientation is generally preferred among bishops. Conversely, conservative factions within the Church maintain that homosexuality is a serious sin that should not receive endorsement from the institution, which nominally serves 95 per cent of the Swedish population. An estimated 650,000 individuals over the age of 15 in Sweden identify as homosexual, amidst a culture that promotes openness regarding sexual discussions, with comprehensive sex education mandated for children starting at age seven. The report titled “Homosexuals and society” aspires to combat discrimination and facilitate broader societal acceptance of homosexuals. It recommends that homosexuals be afforded the same legal protections against discrimination in employment and housing that are extended to other minority groups. While the report refrains from endorsing homosexual marriage, it argues for providing homosexual cohabitation the same legal status as heterosexual cohabitation. A particularly contentious element of the report, which has sparked backlash from conservative Church members, is the suggestion that individuals publicly insulting or ridiculing homosexuals could face fines or imprisonment. Karl-Gustav Lindelow, a judge and traditionalist, expressed concerns during a Church assembly about potential restrictions on the Church's freedom of speech, asserting that priests should be allowed to preach against homosexuality according to their biblical convictions. However, proposals to dismiss priests based on their sexual orientation failed to gain support during the assembly. Pastor Gunnar Lindberg expressed the belief that adding Church censure to the challenges faced by homosexuals was unwarranted. The former Bishop of Stockholm, Lars Carlzon, equated discrimination based on homosexuality to discrimination based on race. Dean Jonsson anticipates the bishops will reflect the sentiments expressed in a previous report commissioned ten years earlier, which argued for a more accepting interpretation of homosexuality within stable relationships, contesting uncritical readings of biblical texts. Jonsson's stance emphasises the need for acceptance of people's sexual orientation, concluding that moralising against homosexuality cannot erase its existence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850411_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850411.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,481982400
5487,12,04,1985,"A.I.D.S. Plague If Law Changed—mr Lee (Press, 12 April 1985)","On 12 April 1985, calls to abandon homosexual law reform legislation in New Zealand were intensified due to concerns about an AIDS epidemic in the United States described as of ""plague proportions."" Hauraki MP Mr Graeme Lee was at the forefront of this campaign, gathering support across the country for a petition opposing the reform. He referenced alarming statements from Dr Robert Gallo, who discovered the AIDS virus, noting that around two million Americans were already infected with the disease. Dr Gallo also warned that this grim statistic could extend to Europe in the coming years. Mr Lee argued that the AIDS crisis rendered the debate around homosexual law reform fundamentally public rather than private. He emphasised the significant mortality rate associated with AIDS, suggesting that if it continued, it would constitute an unprecedented public health crisis. Lee attributed 85 per cent of AIDS transmission to the homosexual community and claimed that legalising homosexual behaviour would inevitably lead to a surge in cases. He further contended that homosexual practices were responsible for increasing various diseases, including hepatitis and syphilis, and he urged for an immediate halt to the legislation on the grounds of the potential health costs to the nation. In contrast, the chief promoter of the homosexual law reform, Ms Fran Wilde, dismissed Lee’s assertions as misguided. She argued that the existence of disease ought not to be correlated with sexual orientation and that keeping homosexuality hidden behind a veil of illegality would not curb the spread of AIDS. Wilde maintained that labelling individuals as ""criminals"" based on their sexual preferences hindered effective public health initiatives and education regarding the disease. Ms Wilde challenged the opposition's viewpoint, highlighting that the law could not change sexual orientation, much like it could not change a person's handedness. She accused Mr Lee and his supporters of fixating solely on the physicalities of sex, neglecting the emotional and relational aspects tied to human connections, love, and affection. Wilde quipped about the absurdity of attributing unrelated health issues to homosexual behaviour, showing that the argument against reform lacked a rational basis. This debate underscored the larger societal tensions regarding homosexuality, public health, and legislative measures in New Zealand during that period, reflecting differing perspectives on the intersection of health, sexuality, and law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_88_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.88.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
5485,12,04,1985,"Hecklers Force Meeting To Close (Press, 12 April 1985)","On 11 April 1985, a meeting held on Auckland's North Shore to oppose the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was abruptly closed due to heckling and disruptions. Organised by members of the North Shore Reformed Church, the event aimed to gather support for a campaign to collect 100,000 signatures against the bill. Despite the venue being able to accommodate 560 attendees, only about a third of the seats were filled with supporters, while more than 200 individuals were locked out prior to the meeting's start at 7:30 p.m., even though there were vacant seats. Security was heightened, with ten policemen stationed at the doors. The meeting faced immediate challenges as the chairman, Mr Bob Pierson, had to call for the removal of Mr Peter Wall, the co-ordinator of the Auckland Gay Task Force, after he refused to sit down and insisted on having both proponents and opponents of the bill allowed to speak. The atmosphere became tense when one of the invited speakers, Rev. Richard Flinn, claimed that nobody is born homosexual. His controversial statement that 14 per cent of homosexuals engage in sexual activities with boys under the age of 16 incited an even more intense backlash from the audience, leading to further disruptions. Ultimately, the meeting's original purpose was undermined by the vocal opposition and the chaotic environment, prompting the decision to close the event prematurely.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
5488,12,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 12 April 1985)","In response to the ongoing debate over homosexual law reform, two letters were published in The Press on 9 and 6 April 1985, prompting significant discussion. The first letter, written by Shaun Jones from Wellington, critiques the Salvation Army's stance on homosexuality. Jones argues that the Army’s refusal to condone changes to laws surrounding homosexuality indicates a self-serving agenda, highlighting that by maintaining homosexuality as a crime, the organisation is effectively ensuring a continued supply of issues to address. He suggests that this contradicts the Army's mission of salvation, labelling such an approach as philosophically bankrupt. Jones questions the morality of an organisation that appears more concerned with its operational needs than with aiding its constituents. The second letter, authored by Keith Wignall, challenges J. L. Camp's earlier assertions regarding the reliability of biblical truths. Wignall points out the inconsistency in Camp's logic, emphasising that the theories presented in the Bible are not provable in the same manner that scientific observations are, thus casting doubt on the assertion of absolute truths derived from scripture. He argues that all observations, including those pertaining to life and purpose, can be subjective and that the nature of divine revelations cannot be verified. Wignall further comments on the biological differences between genders, suggesting that male and female anatomies serve distinct roles aligned with their respective needs. These letters reflect the contentious nature of the homosexual law reform discourse in New Zealand during the 1980s, highlighting a clash between traditional moral viewpoints and emerging progressive perspectives. The debate reveals not only differing interpretations of morality and purpose but also questions the role of religious organisations in shaping social attitudes and laws. Ultimately, these discussions encapsulate the complexity of reconciling faith-based ideals with the evolving landscape of human rights and individual freedom in New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_104_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.104.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
5482,12,04,1985,"M.P.’s Mailbox Ransacked (Press, 12 April 1985)","On 12 April 1985, the Labour MP for Napier, Mr Geoff Braybrooke, reported that his mailbox had been vandalised, with some of the contents mutilated. He suspects that the offenders were seeking petition forms related to the opposition against homosexual law reform. The incident came to light when a night-shift worker found letters addressed to Mr Braybrooke in an alleyway near his residence around midnight on Wednesday. Mr Braybrooke indicated that the recovered mail was predominantly in long envelopes, which are typically used for petition forms. However, other mail, including a birthday gift from Britain, was left untouched in the mailbox. One of the retrieved items included a petition form, which raised concerns for Mr Braybrooke, who commented on the likelihood that more forms had been stolen. He noted, “I don’t know how many others have been stolen, but I wouldn’t think I would receive just one petition form in the mail. They normally come together in batches.” In addition, Mr Braybrooke received a call from a local resident who reported finding other items of his mail, further suggesting that the incident was part of a targeted effort. Mr Braybrooke, who is actively leading a campaign to collect a million signatures against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, expressed concern that the actions were indicative of a larger awareness regarding the petitions being sent to his office. The police have been engaged to investigate the theft and vandalism of the mail.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
5484,12,04,1985,"No Problem — Archbishop (Press, 12 April 1985)","On 12 April 1985, Archbishop Paul Reeves, who was set to become the Governor-General of New Zealand, expressed his confidence in signing controversial moral legislation, including the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, into law. In an interview with the ""Auckland Star,"" Reeves noted that by the time such legislation reached his office for Royal Assent, all moral and ethical considerations would have already been thoroughly discussed and examined by Parliament. His comments indicated a level of preparedness to uphold the legislative process, regardless of the contentious nature of the bills being considered.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
5483,12,04,1985,"Petition Forms Torn (Press, 12 April 1985)","On 12 April 1985, members of a group known as Catholics United for the Faith, who were collecting signatures in central Wellington to oppose the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, reported experiencing harassment from counter-protesters. During an incident on a Wednesday, the members were reportedly surrounded by a group of 15 to 20 individuals who verbally abused and intimidated them, which included snatching petition forms and tearing them up. Jan Curran, a member of Catholics United for the Faith, expressed that the aggressive behaviour made it difficult for people to sign the petition, as some were too frightened to do so due to the atmosphere of intimidation. The situation escalated to the point that a member of the public felt compelled to call the police, who then intervened and cleared the area.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
5486,12,04,1985,"Rally Planned Against 'gay’ Rights Bill (Press, 12 April 1985)","On 12 April 1985, it was reported that approximately 10,000 individuals are anticipated to gather in Cathedral Square on an upcoming Sunday to protest against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This public meeting is being organised by the Coalition of Concerned Christians and is part of a nationwide effort aiming to collect one million signatures to oppose the proposed legislation. Prominent figures scheduled to speak at the rally include Geoffrey Braybrooke, the member of Parliament for Napier, Graham Lee, the member for Hauraki, and various representatives from church groups. In case of inclement weather, the rally is set to take place at Majestic House, the New-Life Centre, located at the intersection of Manchester Street and Lichfield Street.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
5489,12,04,1985,"Salvation Army H.q. Wants ‘gays’ Report (Press, 12 April 1985)","On 12 April 1985, it was reported that the Salvation Army's support for a petition against homosexual law reform in New Zealand prompted its international headquarters in London to request a detailed report regarding the matter. Commissioner William Cairns, who serves as the international secretary for the Army’s South Pacific and East Asia department, indicated that he had sought insights from Colonel Donald Campbell, New Zealand's territorial commander, and was awaiting a response. Cairns noted that the situation was being closely monitored by the international headquarters. He explained that it was standard protocol to request a full report, especially when an issue gains significant attention, as this one had. While the international headquarters expressed full support for Colonel Campbell in his leadership role, Cairns clarified that he had the authority to intervene, although no such action was anticipated. Despite receiving letters from both Salvation Army members and the public in New Zealand, dissatisfied with the Army's involvement in the petition effort, Cairns stressed that these communications were not the sole reason for the decision to call for a report. Instead, it was the overall gravity of the issue that prompted the request. Cairns articulated the Salvation Army's general reluctance to engage in political matters, emphasising the importance of maintaining this tradition. However, he acknowledged that Colonel Campbell may see the petition effort differently, as it pertains to what he considers a moral issue rather than strictly a political one. Cairns mentioned that, although Colonel Campbell did not seek prior endorsement from the international headquarters for coordinating the petition, he was not obligated to do so. The report requested by the headquarters seeks to assess the broader implications of the petition campaign, including public support and potential repercussions for the Salvation Army. Cairns expressed concern that the Army's involvement in political matters could lead to a loss of support among certain community segments. Nonetheless, he reassured that the Salvation Army had successfully navigated through even more significant issues in the past.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850412_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850412.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482068800
4078,13,04,1985,"A Homosexual Tells His Story Being Gay In... (Press, 13 April 1985)","On 13 April 1985, a significant discourse surrounding the gay community in Christchurch was highlighted amidst a politically charged backdrop involving the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The Coalition of Concerned Christians anticipated that around 10,000 supporters would rally in opposition to the bill in Cathedral Square, while gay activists were expected to counter their demonstration. A leading figure in the Christchurch gay community, Hugh Gaw, a 44-year-old civil servant, spoke about his experiences and the broader societal context regarding homosexuality. Gaw described himself as a rarity among homosexuals in New Zealand, as very few individuals openly identify as gay, particularly in Christchurch. He recalled his childhood in Putaruru, where he felt different from peers and gradually embraced his sexuality during adolescence. He didn't come out to his parents until he was 21, resulting in a negative reaction primarily from his father. His journey of self-acceptance was complicated, as he initially pursued a religious path in the Anglican order, hoping to escape his identity. However, this experience only led to increased awareness of his sexuality and eventual involvement in the Gay Liberation movement. Despite fears of societal backlash, Gaw found support among some colleagues after disclosing his homosexuality on a radio talk-show. He noted a divergence between his professional life and his identity as a gay man, emphasising the need for safe spaces for homosexuals to socialise without fear of judgement or violence. Lambda, a gay coffee bar, was mentioned as a gathering point that allowed individuals new to the gay scene to engage with others safely. Gaw provided insights into the shared experiences of gay men, touching on the complexity of navigating societal norms, the fears of violence faced by homosexuals, and the challenges posed by living in a conservative environment. He highlighted the need for legal reforms, arguing that young homosexuals should have the same rights as heterosexuals regarding consent laws. Moreover, Gaw mentioned the importance of community support structures, including counselling services for those struggling with their sexuality, along with social events that fostered connection within the marginalized community. This included a range of organisations and venues catering to varied aspects of gay life in Christchurch. Overall, Gaw's narrative encapsulated the challenges and realities of being gay in Christchurch in 1985, spanning themes of identity, acceptance, community support, and the active struggle for legislative reform amidst prevailing societal opposition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850413_2_117_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850413.2.117.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482155200
5492,13,04,1985,"Christian Factions Rally (Press, 13 April 1985)","On 13 April 1985, opposing rallies regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were set to take place in Cathedral Square, Christchurch. The event featured a rally in support of the bill organised by a group named Christians for Tolerance, which aimed to represent a more inclusive Christian perspective in contrast to the Coalition of Concerned Christians, who were rallying against the proposed legislation at the same time. Ms Phoebe Gray, a spokesperson for Christians for Tolerance, articulated the group’s mission to advocate for the rights of lesbian and homosexual individuals against what they referred to as New Zealand's “repressive laws and intolerant attitudes.” She emphasised that their Christian values centred on promoting tolerance and acceptance for diverse groups within society. Citing the teachings of Jesus Christ, Ms Gray highlighted the importance of aiding the oppressed and standing up against intolerance and bigotry. She acknowledged that while some individuals may hold the belief that homosexuality is wrong, she attributed such views largely to prejudice. “People should be free to find their own sexual preference, rather than being controlled by outdated laws,” she stated, underlining the necessity of reform. In addition to the rally, a church service and public meeting were planned for the same day at Aranui High School, organised by ten different churches from north-east Christchurch, including various denominations such as Baptist, Brethren, Methodist, Maori Evangelical, Pentecostal, and Charismatic fellowships. The meeting was anticipated to draw approximately 500 attendees and was set to feature Mr Graeme Lee, the national MP for Hauraki, as a speaker. The events in Cathedral Square were emblematic of the broader social tensions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, reflecting a community deeply divided on issues of sexual orientation, human rights, and religious beliefs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850413_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850413.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482155200
5490,13,04,1985,"Church Support For Homosexual Bill Criticised (Press, 13 April 1985)","On 13 April 1985, the Presbyterian Church's endorsement of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill faced backlash from two of its congregations. The joint public questions committee of the Methodist and Presbyterian churches recently asserted that consensual homosexual acts among males in private should not be criminalised. This stance garnered support from the Rev. Peter Wedde, the Moderator of the Auckland Presbyterian Church, who expressed his personal backing for the bill. In contrast, the North Invercargill Presbyterian Church session, which is the largest Presbyterian congregation south of Hastings, unanimously voted to dissociate from the joint committee. Their statement expressed the belief that the committee's position would lead to a “spiritual decline” within the Church and contribute to the “moral disintegration” of society. They urged the committee to “repent before God and the nation” for its stance. Moreover, the Auckland Presbytery decided to oppose the bill, despite Wedde’s personal support. The presbytery, through a close vote of 37-31, resolved to inform the parliamentary select committee reviewing the bill of its opposition. Following this decision, Wedde acknowledged his right to express his personal views and indicated that he did not concur with the presbytery's resolution. He also noted that the feedback he had received regarding his stance was roughly balanced between support and opposition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850413_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850413.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482155200
5493,13,04,1985,"Door-knocking After Dark (Press, 13 April 1985)","A letter published in response to the Salvation Army's actions in relation to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill criticises the organisation for encouraging petitioners to gather signatures after dark. The writer, K. M. Brodrick, expresses discomfort over receiving visitors in the evening who are not identifiable. This experience, shared by others in the community, raises concerns about safety, particularly for the elderly and individuals living alone. Brodrick, who refers to the Salvation Army as typically a caring presence, finds this behaviour particularly inconsiderate. The letter is dated 11 April 1985 and highlights community tensions surrounding the bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850413_2_115_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850413.2.115.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482155200
4079,13,04,1985,"Fears, Myths, Prejudices About Homosexuals (Press, 13 April 1985)","The question of why some individuals identify as homosexual from a young age has persisted in medical and psychological discussions for years. The prevailing view within these circles suggests that sexual orientation is shaped by early life experiences rather than being innate. Michael Rutter's research on psychosexual development indicates that family dynamics play a crucial role in determining one's sexual preferences. He points out that various aspects of early family relationships significantly influence sexual object choice; however, he highlights that no single explanation suffices to encompass the complexity of psychosexual development. In an editorial by the British Medical Journal, it is noted that children from unstable family backgrounds or those experiencing repression regarding sexual matters are more susceptible to developing homosexual inclinations. Contrary to earlier beliefs that homosexuality is a psychological disorder requiring treatment, many psychiatrists today reject this notion. The Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists states that when homosexual individuals seek help, the goal is to assist them in adapting to their lives and navigating their identity within a predominantly heterosexual society. Treatment may also attempt to shift sexual attraction towards the opposite sex, particularly in younger individuals. The debate around homosexuality often sparks concerns regarding predatory behaviour, specifically fears about gay men influencing young boys. However, contemporary research disputes this notion. Studies indicate that the majority of men who had homosexual experiences as youths grow up to be heterosexual and do not continue homosexual practices. Furthermore, many adult homosexuals report that their sexual orientation was established prior to their first sexual experiences. Public perceptions about homosexual behaviour are frequently tainted by misunderstanding and stigma, particularly regarding anal intercourse, or sodomy. The Gay Liberation Front counters these views, asserting that such practices are not exclusive to homosexuals and exist across different sexual orientations. The stigma also fuels allegations of promiscuity among gay men, yet advocates argue for recognising committed long-term partnerships among homosexuals. The health of homosexual individuals is becoming a pressing issue, especially concerning the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Activists within the gay community have taken initiatives to promote safe sexual practices, leading to the establishment of resources, such as an AIDS hotline in Auckland. Many homosexuals express concern about seeking medical assistance due to the potential legal repercussions of homosexual acts. The push for decriminalising homosexual behaviour is viewed as a necessary measure to facilitate better healthcare access for those affected by AIDS. Additionally, some homosexual couples argue that their relationships can be as stable and enduring as heterosexual ones, citing examples of long-term partnerships. The societal support typically afforded to heterosexual unions is often lacking for homosexual relationships, adding to the challenges faced by gay couples. Critics point out the hypocrisy of those who profess sympathy towards homosexuals while simultaneously condemning their orientation. Ultimately, many within the gay community emphasise that love among couples transcends sexual orientation, with companionship based on mutual respect, care, and shared interests being paramount.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850413_2_117_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850413.2.117.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482155200
5491,13,04,1985,"Presbytery Opposes Grant (Press, 13 April 1985)","On 13 April 1985, the Auckland Presbytery of the Presbyterian Church voted against granting NZD 53,500 to the Auckland Community Church, which caters to homosexuals. The presbytery also expressed its opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This stance contrasts with the more progressive views of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, which supports the liberalisation of existing laws concerning homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850413_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850413.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482155200
5494,13,04,1985,"Roman Empire’s Fall (Press, 13 April 1985)","In a letter to the editor, Philip Rainer from Wellington argues against the idea that homosexuality contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire. He asserts that reputable historians dismiss this view. Rainer highlights that the Roman Empire reached its peak expansion under Emperor Trajan and its cultural high point under Emperor Hadrian, both of whom were known to be homosexual. He notes that Julius Caesar, a pivotal figure in Roman history, was bisexual and that his contemporaries referred to him in ways that reflected this. Rainer contends that the decline of the Western Roman Empire in 476 can be traced back to its Christianisation by Constantine the Great in 337, who also relocated the capital to Byzantium. He adds that the fall of the Eastern Roman Empire in 1453 was a result of the Ottoman Empire's conquest, led by homosexual janissaries. Rainer concludes that the sexual orientation of Roman leaders has no bearing on the political outcomes of the Empire.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850413_2_115_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850413.2.115.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482155200
5497,15,04,1985,"Homosexual Bill Backed By N.c.c. (Press, 15 April 1985)","On 15 April 1985, the executive of the National Council of Churches (N.C.C.) in New Zealand convened in Christchurch and passed a significant resolution advocating for the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. The N.C.C. is an umbrella organisation representing various mainstream churches in New Zealand, including the Salvation Army, although it does not include representation from Pentecostal churches, which have historically opposed efforts for homosexual law reform. The resolution highlights the misunderstanding and discrimination faced by homosexual individuals within the community, stating that Christians have a responsibility to deepen their understanding of this group and to combat unjust discrimination. The executive expressed support for legislative reform that would ensure that homosexual activities between consenting adults in private would no longer be considered a criminal offence. In addition to endorsing the reform, the N.C.C. encouraged its member churches and its Church and Society Commission to submit their own supportive statements to the select committee concerning the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Acknowledging the diversity of opinions regarding biblical and theological interpretations of homosexuality, the N.C.C. also announced plans to establish a consultation process that would allow for thorough exploration of these varying views among its members. This approach reflects a commitment to dialogue and understanding within the church community as it grapples with issues of sexuality and justice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850415_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850415.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482328000
5500,15,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 15 April 1985)","In April 1985, the discussion surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill intensified, prompting public letters highlighting various concerns and perspectives. Anthony M. Gray wrote a letter to the editor expressing apprehensions that the passing of the bill could lead to significant societal changes. He pointed out that if the bill were enacted, it might allow homosexuals to adopt children, which he viewed as a potential shift in social norms. Furthermore, he suggested that homosexuality could be taught as a normal sexual practice in school curriculums, similar to heterosexuality, thereby normalising it in the view of children. He mentioned the potential for the Human Rights Commission to enforce such educational changes, indicating a considerable impact on societal attitudes towards homosexuality. In another letter, Varian J. Wilson responded to a recent headline and the public's understanding of AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). He critiqued a misleading statement that suggested a low risk of AIDS, arguing that such assertions could offer false comfort to those with inappropriate intentions. He countered Ms Fran Wilde's characterisation of the opponents of the bill as ""ill-informed"" and noted that her perspective on the issue seemed to focus on “human friendship,” which he thought overlooked the complexities of the disease. Wilson highlighted statistics indicating a higher prevalence of the HIV virus among haemophiliacs in the region and presented concerns about the transmission risks associated with male homosexual behaviour. He expressed that the nature of male homosexuality involved risks due to the potential for blood transmission during sexual contact, emphasising that the contact could be both promiscuous and perverted. Together, these letters encapsulate the heated debate within New Zealand's society at the time, reflecting the tension between evolving social values regarding homosexuality and concerns about public health implications, particularly in relation to AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850415_2_121_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850415.2.121.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482328000
5499,15,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Reform Supported (Press, 15 April 1985)","The National Organisation for Women (N.O.W.) and the Christchurch branch of the Women’s Electoral Lobby (W.E.L.) have expressed their support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in its current form. N.O.W. argues that the existing Act is discriminatory as it does not apply to women and highlights the complications and emotional distress that can arise from the deceitful practices of homosexual men who may use marriage as a facade. Betty Roberts, the coordinator of N.O.W., stated that criminalising homosexuality hinders effective health measures to combat the spread of A.I.D.S., which could unintentionally involve medical professionals in unlawful activities. Furthermore, Roberts noted that the current law increases the risk of A.I.D.S. transmission to women, who may also suffer due to their husbands' behaviours and the emotional toll of such deceptions. The organisation has raised concerns over the proposed age of consent for homosexual acts remaining at 16, equal to that for women. Roberts argues that it should be consistent across genders, advocating that boys should not be perceived as needing more protection than girls, despite the vulnerabilities that may arise from sexual activity for both genders. In addition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, N.O.W. supports reforms to the Human Rights Commission Act to prevent discrimination based on sexual orientation, noting the unique challenges faced by lesbian women, despite the absence of legal repercussions for their relationships. W.E.L. also backs the decriminalisation of consensual homosexual acts among adults and believes that the proposed law changes are beneficial to both men and women. The spokesperson, Paddy Austin, echoed N.O.W.'s sentiment regarding the discriminatory implications of differing ages of consent. In a separate community highlight, the Christchurch Wahine Club is celebrating its 25th anniversary, marking a significant milestone as the first club of its kind in New Zealand aimed at fostering connections among wives of Savage Club members. The club is known for its diverse activities, including singing, drama, and dancing. The Silver Jubilee dinner is set to take place at the Chateau Regency, where Elaine Andrews will be ceremonially appointed as the new Chief Wahine. Joan Bissett, the former chief, noted the seriousness with which members regard the installation charge, which reflects the club's success and camaraderie. Overall, both the advocacy for law reform concerning homosexual rights and the celebration of the Wahine Club's longevity underscore ongoing social discussions surrounding gender equality, sexual orientation, and the empowerment of women within their communities across New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850415_2_111_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850415.2.111.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482328000
5498,15,04,1985,"Hymn-singers Drown Out Protesters (Press, 15 April 1985)","On 15 April 1985, a public church service at Aranui High School, intended to discuss the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, was disrupted by a group of approximately 50 protesters advocating for the bill, which aims to legalise homosexual acts between consenting adults. The event featured guest speaker Mr Graham Lee, a member of Parliament for Hauraki and known opponent of the proposed legislation. The gathering, which attracted over 900 attendees from various Christian denominations including Baptist, Brethren, Methodist, Maori Evangelical, Pentecostal, and charismatic churches, was met with a noisy protest as the demonstrators chanted slogans such as ""Christians for Tolerance,"" ""Support the bill,"" ""Fascists,"" and ""Sieg Heil."" The atmosphere became tense, but the meeting continued as attendees sang hymns to drown out the protesters' chants. The police intervened, escorting three protesters from the venue, and arrested one woman outside for using obscene language. Pastor Peter Driscoll, who organised the service as part of the Burwood Christian Fellowship church group, described the event as a “tremendous victory” for the Christian community. He emphasised that the main goal of the meeting was to spread the Gospel and highlighted the significance of having over 900 people present to hear “God’s word”. Pastor Driscoll clarified that the church's stance was not one of animosity towards homosexual individuals, stating their willingness to assist any homosexual seeking guidance toward what they view as a proper Christian lifestyle. He acknowledged that while the protesters’ behaviour was disruptive, it could inadvertently spark important discussions among those attending. He expressed compassion for the demonstrators, referring to them as being in a ""deceived and deluded state"" and offered to provide help to any of them. At the conclusion of the service, petitions opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were made available for attendees to sign. The event highlighted the ongoing societal tensions surrounding issues of homosexuality and the push for reform in New Zealand legislation at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850415_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850415.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482328000
5495,15,04,1985,"Rally Against Reform Bill Attracts 2500 (Press, 15 April 1985)","On 14 April 1985, a rally opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill took place in Cathedral Square, organised by the Coalition of Concerned Christians. Among the speakers was Mr Norman Jones, the Member of Parliament for Invercargill, who referred to the bill as the ""greatest moral crusade New Zealand had ever had."" He urged attendees to demonstrate their opposition to the legislation by signing petitions, arguing that if enough signatures—between 20,000 to 30,000 per electorate—were collected, Parliament would be compelled to reconsider the bill. According to police estimates, around 2,500 people attended the rally, while a smaller group of 100 to 200 demonstrators, identifying as Christians for Tolerance, showed support for the bill. This group carried placards and chanted in favour of their cause, which led to a tense but largely peaceful event, with only one police arrest for offensive language. Mr Jones expressed grave concerns about the implications of the bill, suggesting it would make it acceptable for educators to present homosexuality as an alternative lifestyle. He challenged the audience to consider how they would explain the legalisation of homosexual acts to their children, questioning the impact on societal values. Speaker Mr Graham Lee, the Member of Parliament for Hauraki, echoed similar sentiments, describing the proposed legislation as ""obnoxious and reprehensible."" He asserted that it would lead to a significant shift in societal values, particularly as it would partially legalise homosexual acts involving individuals under the age of 16. Mr Lee rejected arguments that homosexual acts were a private matter, insisting that they had broader moral implications affecting the entire community. He also claimed that the rise of A.I.D.S. and the prevalence of venereal diseases in the ""gay"" community had turned homosexuality into a public issue. The rally culminated with Pastor David Ravenhill from the Christchurch New Life Centre reinforcing the stance of the other speakers, arguing that Christian doctrine unequivocally condemns homosexuality as a sin. He insisted that it is the Word of God that can guide individuals seeking redemption from homosexuality. As the rally drew to a close, participants collected signatures for the petitions opposing the bill, reflecting a concerted effort to influence public opinion and legislative action against the reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850415_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850415.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482328000
5496,15,04,1985,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 15 April 1985)","On 15 April 1985, the Christchurch City Council made headlines by budgeting $15,000 for window cleaning at its Tuam Street offices, marking the first such allocation since the council moved into the building five years prior. This decision generated light-hearted banter among councillors, as Councillor John Burn joked that cleaning the windows might distract staff from their work, while Town Clerk John Gray remarked that staff were so engrossed in their tasks that they had only now realised how dirty the windows had become. The cleaning is anticipated to continue for at least another three years. In other local news, a significant property transaction took place with the sale of the house belonging to the late former Prime Minister Norman Kirk in Kaiapoi. A real estate agent reported that the home was purchased by a young couple for a price close to the asking price of $53,500. Environmental concerns were raised by a woman who owns a holiday bach at South Bay on the Kaikoura peninsula. She expressed her alarm over the litter dumped by squid boats, which has accumulated on the beach. Among the refuse, she discovered a glass fruit drink bottle and plastic bottles, one of which contained a scent resembling Wintergreen, typically used for sore muscles. The woman noted that while the fishermen may not feel the consequences of their actions, local residents were certainly affected by the litter. A communication mix-up in Christchurch led to unexpected conversations when callers trying to reach the Salvation Army's emergency lodge accidentally connected with Gayline, the gay counselling service, due to a transposed telephone number. This incident raised questions about the reactions of those who misdialled, considering the Salvation Army's opposition to homosexual law reform. For clarity, the emergency lodge's number is 794-976, while Gayline's number is 794-796. Lastly, residents were encouraged to participate in the Girl’s Brigade annual meringue day on Saturday. Brigade members would be visiting homes across Christchurch and nearby towns, as well as Westport, selling packets of 14 meringues for $1.20. The profits from the sale would be used to support training, equipment, and other brigade initiatives. Those who missed the door-to-door sales could still order meringues by calling 515298 after noon on the day of the event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850415_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850415.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482328000
5505,16,04,1985,"‘Absurd Claims’ By Petitioners (Press, 16 April 1985)","On 16 April 1985, the Lesbian Coalition responded to claims made by a group collecting signatures for petitions opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The coalition characterised these claims as absurd, stating that the petitioners had accused the homosexual community of harassment. Ms Julie Glamuzina, a spokeswoman for the coalition, argued that the petitioners were themselves engaging in an organised campaign of harassment against lesbian and gay individuals. The situation escalated when members of the homosexual community reported feeling intimidated and abused by those who supported the bill during the signature collection in Wellington. Glamuzina highlighted that some individuals from the community became so upset by the hostile environment fostered by the petitioners that they chose to tear up petition forms. She pointed out the double standard in society, asserting that if petitions were being circulated against any other minority group, it would likely provoke widespread public outrage and potentially more violent reactions than what was exhibited by the gay community. According to Glamuzina, the focus of the gay community's response was primarily to inform the public regarding the true implications of the petition against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, rather than inciting anger or hostility. The Lesbian Coalition's statements underscored the tensions surrounding the debate on LGBTQ rights in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850416_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850416.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482414400
5502,16,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 16 April 1985)","On 16 April 1985, ""The Press"" published letters expressing diverse perspectives on the topic of homosexuality, sparked by a prior story featuring a homosexual individual. E.J. Inkster's letter suggested that, alongside stories of openly homosexual individuals, there should be attention given to the experiences of those whose lives are significantly affected by homosexuality. Inkster proposed several scenarios, including the struggles of a young man discovering his sexual orientation at 16, which led him to attempts of self-harm. Additionally, there were mentions of a young girl's trauma upon finding her father in a same-sex relationship, a wife's devastation upon learning of her husband's homosexual relationship, and a mother's reaction to discovering homosexual literature in her son’s belongings. Inkster highlighted that the impact of revealing one's homosexuality can be profoundly challenging, advocating for a more nuanced exploration of the complex emotions surrounding this issue. In a contrasting viewpoint, Yolanda Wisewitch expressed encouragement upon witnessing support from some clergy at an anti-gay reform bill rally. Wisewitch criticized the actions of Christians who perpetuate violence against the LGBTQ+ community and highlighted the fundamental messages of love and tolerance outlined in Christian teachings. Wisewitch conveyed strong support for the reform bill, stressing the importance of compassion over judgement in addressing issues related to sexual orientation. These letters illustrate the breadth of opinions and concerns regarding the topic of homosexuality during this period, reflecting societal tensions and the need for dialogue around the experiences and impacts of sexual orientation on various individuals and families.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850416_2_106_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850416.2.106.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482414400
5503,16,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 16 April 1985)","In April 1985, opinions surfaced regarding the Salvation Army's stance on homosexuality and the proposed law reform in New Zealand. A letter from Neville M. Rush in ""The Press"" on 12 April expressed discontent towards critics of the Salvation Army, particularly referring to Shaun Jones. Rush praised the church's adherence to traditional Christian values, arguing that it doesn't align itself with humanism or socialism. He condemned activities such as homosexuality, adultery, and fornication, asserting that those who engage in such behaviours cannot attain the Kingdom of God. He warned that if homosexual acts were legalised, compulsory sex education in schools would likely have to include these subjects, reflecting a fear of discrimination against such lifestyles. Another letter from Bert Walker, published on 14 April, congratulated those who organised a meeting opposing the homosexual law reform. He characterised the speakers at this meeting as genuine men who confidently opposed the legislation. Walker described pro-homosexual individuals as resorting to offensive behaviour and Marxist slogans, particularly during the singing of the New Zealand National Anthem, suggesting a moral decay associated with their protests. The discourse highlights the tension between conservative religious views and the push for legislative change regarding homosexual rights in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850416_2_106_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850416.2.106.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482414400
5504,16,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 16 April 1985)","In a letter published on 16 April 1985, Gabriel Alston addresses the pervasive negative attitudes towards the gay community, responding to the criticism they face. Alston emphasises that gay individuals are integral members of society, highlighting their familial ties to those who may denounce them. He asserts that homosexuals are not outsiders but rather an integral part of family units, encompassing brothers, sisters, and parents. Alston urges those who identify as Christians, who often speak ill of the gay community, to consider the emotional toll their words inflict on their own gay relatives. He argues that such unkind remarks contribute to family discord instead of upholding the family values they claim to protect. Alston calls for greater understanding and acceptance, expressing his desire for honest, loving relationships within families. He expresses hope that the discourse surrounding homosexuality can shift towards compassion and recognises the importance of trust when openly sharing one’s sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850416_2_106_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850416.2.106.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482414400
5501,16,04,1985,"N.c.c. Out Of Step — Mr Lee (Press, 16 April 1985)","On 16 April 1985, Mr Graeme Lee, a National Party Member of Parliament for Hauraki, expressed his disappointment at the National Council of Churches' (N.C.C.) stance on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. He stated that the N.C.C.'s views were ""entirely out of step"" with the sentiments of ordinary churchgoers. Lee has been actively campaigning to gather support for a petition opposing the proposed legislation, which seeks to reform laws regarding homosexuality in New Zealand. He described the N.C.C.'s decision to endorse the homosexual law reform as expected but disappointing. According to Lee, biblical teachings on homosexuality are clear and unequivocal, making it impossible to justify the proposed changes through any liberal interpretations of scripture. He indicated that many members of prominent denominations including Anglican, Presbyterian, and Methodist churches were signing the petition, reflecting their disagreement with their leaders in the N.C.C. Lee also noted that support for the petition was coming from a diverse range of churches, such as the Roman Catholic, Baptist, Pentecostal, Churches of Christ, Brethren Assemblies, Seventh Day Adventists, and Mormons, among others. He emphasised that public sentiment appeared to be overwhelmingly against the legislation, claiming that around 90 percent of people opposed it, as seen through their backing of the petition. In response to the legislation, Lee took issue with Parliament member Ms Fran Wilde, who introduced the bill. He accused her of causing harm to the homosexual movement through her remarks, which characterized the opponents of the legislation as promoting ""bigotry and filth."" Lee insisted that such rhetoric was misplaced and that the opposition to the proposed law reform was substantial and genuine among the populace.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850416_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850416.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482414400
5507,17,04,1985,"A.I.D.S. Hysteria Upsets Haemophiliacs (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, the Christchurch branch of the Haemophilia Society held its annual meeting, where concerns were raised about the societal hysteria surrounding A.I.D.S. Haemophiliacs, vulnerable populations due to their medical condition, are worried about being ostracised, akin to treated as lepers. The branch chairman, Mr Stuart Alexander, expressed that there is a pressing need for increased public education and information regarding A.I.D.S. to mitigate fear and discrimination associated with the virus. Mr Alexander addressed the perceived risks that haemophiliacs could miss out on vital funding intended for A.I.D.S. victims, highlighting a concern that the public's panic about A.I.D.S. has been exploited by the homosexual community to advance their political causes, particularly the legalisation of homosexuality. He asserted that sympathy is not what haemophiliacs require; instead, they are calling for actionable support. To help their members, the meeting decided to implement regular newsletters, organise meetings, and bolster internal support systems for those at risk of A.I.D.S. Furthermore, they planned to reach out to a psychiatrist at Christchurch Hospital to discuss potential counselling services. The meeting's guest speaker, Dr Mel Breiseman, who is the Deputy Medical Officer of Health in Christchurch, provided insights into A.I.D.S. and discussed its diagnosis and treatment complexities. He pointed out that the issue surrounding A.I.D.S. is highly emotional, noting that while homosexuals and intravenous drug users are generally seen as the primary at-risk groups, haemophiliacs, who rely on blood products, are also innocently affected by the virus. Dr Breiseman remarked on the ineffectiveness of current treatments and the uncertainties involved in diagnosing A.I.D.S. He referenced a recent government announcement of a $2.89 million initiative aimed at combating A.I.D.S., which he believed would be beneficial for the Christchurch area. He emphasised that isolating individuals with A.I.D.S. is unnecessary and counterproductive, noting that the virus is not transmitted through everyday social interactions. However, he advised people to exercise caution with sexual contact with those at risk and recommended that individuals using needles should opt for disposables, while also discouraging the sharing of razors or toothbrushes. In closing, Dr Breiseman stated that while A.I.D.S. is a concern, it is actually easier to contract hepatitis B than A.I.D.S. and encouraged anyone anxious about the disease to take appropriate precautions to protect themselves.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
7434,17,04,1985,"Adam Ant Acts (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, it was reported that the singer Adam Ant is set to make his professional acting debut in a production of Joe Orton’s play “Entertaining Mr Sloane.” He will portray the character of Sloane, described as a bisexual murderer, at a theatre in Manchester next month. At the age of 30, Adam Ant acknowledged that he has limited acting experience, having previously only performed as a ""spear chucker"" in a school play.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_81_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.81.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5506,17,04,1985,"Against A.I.D.S. (Press, 17 April 1985)","AIDS, officially recognised as a disease since June 1981, has affected over 8000 individuals in the United States, predominantly impacting homosexual men, Haitian immigrants, haemophiliacs, and intravenous drug users. Most fatalities among AIDS patients result from opportunistic infections and diseases due to the compromised immune system caused by the virus. Despite the lack of a cure for AIDS, researchers in the United States and France have identified closely-related viruses that appear to be the underlying cause of the condition. Ongoing efforts continue in the medical community to advance understanding and treatment for those affected by this serious health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5508,17,04,1985,"All Americans May Need A.I.D.S. Shots—doctor (Press, 17 April 1985)","Dr. James Curran, the director of the United States Government's A.I.D.S. surveillance programme, indicated at an international conference on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.) held in Atlanta on 16 April 1985 that a future vaccine for the disease would likely necessitate vaccination for all Americans. Despite efforts to combat the disease, which has affected over 9,000 individuals in the U.S. since 1978, researchers have not yet developed a vaccine. Dr. Curran highlighted the limitations of current prevention methods, which primarily involve public counselling and education. He projected that another 9,000 individuals would contract A.I.D.S. in the next year, particularly among homosexual men, and suggested that preventing its spread within this group was becoming increasingly difficult. He noted a significant reduction in sexual partners among homosexuals, a change labelled as possibly the most important sexual revolution since the 1960s. However, he cautioned that this behaviour change had minimally impacted individual risk levels, as a greater proportion of their fewer partners had likely been exposed to the A.I.D.S. virus. The conference also addressed the anticipated rise of A.I.D.S. cases among heterosexuals. Dr. Curran mentioned that while the spread of the disease would not occur as rapidly in heterosexual communities as it has in homosexual communities, an increase among heterosexuals was ""inevitable."" Conflicting reports emerged regarding non-sexual virus transmission, particularly informed by studies from Zaire in Central Africa, which indicated that individuals living with A.I.D.S. victims had a higher chance of infection, regardless of sexual interactions. However, researchers from the United States have not found similar evidence to support non-sexual transmission, asserting that household contacts, except potentially spousal relationships, did not lead to significant A.I.D.S. transmission. Jonathan Mann, a Centre for Disease Control assistant for international affairs, noted the discrepancy between the findings in Zaire and those in the U.S., stressing that the Zaire research shouldn’t trigger alarm, as it may not reflect the patterns of disease transmission in developed countries. He pointed out that intimate long-term contact with A.I.D.S. cases had not resulted in widespread infection in households, suggesting that the virus is not highly contagious. Dr. C. A. Harris from New York presented findings highlighting an increased incidence of A.I.D.S. among heterosexuals, revealing that 72 per cent of the sexual partners studied from A.I.D.S. victims showed traces of the virus. Dr. Curran underscored the importance of understanding the dynamics of transmission, specifically whether a singular sexual encounter could transmit A.I.D.S., indicating that this area warrants further investigation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_74_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.74.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5515,17,04,1985,"Bill ‘misrepresented’ (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, Dr. D. W. McMorland, a senior lecturer in law at Auckland Law School and one of the draughtsmen of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, addressed misrepresentations surrounding the bill's contents. He refuted claims made by opponents that, if passed, the bill would allow for sexual acts involving 12-year-old boys and 20-year-old men, calling the assertion false. Dr. McMorland clarified that the Bill mirrors existing laws concerning carnal knowledge, which have been a staple of New Zealand law for many years. He explained that the law currently prohibits sexual intercourse with girls under the age of 16, irrespective of consent. However, it does allow for a strict defence if the male involved is under 21. Dr. McMorland emphasised that this defence is limited, stressing that for a male to be acquitted, it must be convincingly shown that he believed the girl was 16 years or older. Consequently, he dismissed the notion that the new legislation would expose 12-year-olds to risks from older men as unfounded. Dr. McMorland's comments aimed to affirm the safety and effectiveness of the longstanding carnal knowledge laws, asserting that there was no pressing need for change. He insisted the Homosexual Law Reform Bill adhered closely to these existing legal frameworks and that the fears propagated by its opponents lacked a solid basis in reality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
6715,17,04,1985,"Centre For Homosexuals (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, the London Lesbian and Gay Centre was inaugurated as the first dedicated space for homosexuals in the British capital. The centre occupies a five-storey converted warehouse, which underwent renovations costing £700,000 (approximately $1,848,000), funded by local government resources. The opening celebration featured the release of pink balloons, symbolising pride and recognition for the LGBTQ+ community. Located in a central part of London, the centre offers a variety of facilities designed to cater to the needs of its users. These include a creche specifically for lesbian mothers, a designated ""women’s space"" that excludes men, a printing workshop, a photographic darkroom, a bar, a café, and a disco area. This range of amenities aims to create a safe and welcoming environment for both male and female homosexuals. Reverend Richard Kirker, who is a member of the centre's management committee and serves as the secretary of the Gay Christian Movement, expressed the significance of the centre by highlighting the previous lack of safe spaces for gays in London. He noted that there was no place in the city where individuals could go during the day without fear of being insulted or asked to leave simply because of their sexual orientation. The establishment of the London Lesbian and Gay Centre marks a significant step towards inclusivity and support for the LGBTQ+ community in the city.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5512,17,04,1985,"Christian Anti-gay View ‘not Consistent’ (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, a report from the public and social affairs committee of the Anglican Church in New Zealand emerged, indicating evolving opinions within Christianity regarding homosexual behaviour. The committee noted that there is no universally consistent Christian stance that labels homosexuality as inherently wrong. They highlighted a shift in understanding informed by modern biblical studies and psychological insights, suggesting that traditional negative attitudes towards homosexual behaviour have significantly changed among Christians. The document asserts that an increasing number of Christians recognise homosexuality as an intrinsic aspect of an individual’s nature rather than a choice. It emphasises that the essence of relationships should be measured by their loving and caring qualities, rather than by the sexual orientation of those involved. Consequently, the committee indicated that many within the Church are now accepting of homosexual relationships, acknowledging that these relationships need not be viewed as inherently evil. Chaired by the Assistant Bishop of Wellington, Rt Rev. Watson Rosevear, the committee expressed support for homosexual law reform in New Zealand. However, opinions diverged among the Anglican bishops regarding the implications of the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Bishop of Wellington, Rt Rev Sir Edward Norman, voiced concerns, contending that the bill inadequately protects vulnerable groups, particularly individuals aged 12 to 16. He argued for a minimum age of 18 for all parties involved if the bill were to pass. Furthermore, he expressed discontent with the bill’s provision that would prevent Church schools from refusing to employ teachers based on sexual orientation, advocating for a potential exemption for such institutions. The discussion highlighted the ongoing debates within the Anglican Church about homosexuality, reflecting broader societal changes and the complexities of balancing traditional beliefs with contemporary understandings of sexual orientation. The report circulated among various dioceses, aiming to stimulate dialogue and reflection among church members regarding their views on homosexuality and the associated law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5511,17,04,1985,"Christianity’s Influence (Press, 17 April 1985)","In a letter published on 17 April 1985, Jill Wilcox reflects on the dual impact of Christianity as both a civilising force and a source of suffering. She agrees with Mark D. Sadler, who previously articulated that while Christianity has contributed positively to society, it has also been responsible for pain and hardship. Wilcox cites a radio commentary from 12 April that urged Christians to shift their focus from a restrictive, negative interpretation of their faith to one that is more liberating. This commentary was prompted by the significant turnout of Christians protesting the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Wilcox expresses a desire to see the same level of passion and assembly among Christians when it comes to addressing critical global issues such as world starvation, military spending, and the threats posed by potential nuclear conflict. She argues that only by actively engaging with these pressing concerns can Christianity be truly seen as a beacon of hope for humanity, as intended by its nonjudgmental founder.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_86_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.86.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5514,17,04,1985,"Debate Favours Reform (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, a debate held at the Otago Boys’ High School auditorium in Dunedin revealed significant support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, championed by Ms Fran Wilde, a Labour MP from Wellington Central. The event hosted a predominantly young audience of 465 people, two-thirds of whom expressed their endorsement for Wilde’s private member’s bill and the arguments presented by her supporters. The televised debate included four of the eight participants and was organised as part of TVNZ's ""Sunday"" programme. Advocating for the bill alongside Ms Wilde was Dr Ian Scott, an Auckland-based gay rights activist. They were opposed by Mr Geoff Braybrooke, the Labour MP for Napier, and Mr John Kennedy, the editor of the Catholic publication ""Tablet."" Throughout the debate, the audience exhibited minimal disruptions, showcasing a respectful environment. However, when hissing attempted to undermine Braybrooke’s remarks against the bill, he successfully requested unbiased attention, which was granted. Mr Alastair Carthew, the editor of the “Sunday” programme, commented on the usual practice of prerecording debates to mitigate disruption, indicating that the potential for audience interference led to a more cautious approach in this instance. The overall positive reception from the audience in support of the bill suggests a shifting attitude towards the reform of laws related to homosexuality in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5509,17,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, various letters to the editor were published in response to a rally held in Cathedral Square to oppose the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. Bert Walker, a supporter of the pro-reform group, was accused of misinterpreting the protestors' intentions during the singing of the National Anthem. Arron Baker argued that the moral conservatives, whom Walker supported, were appropriating the anthem for their own prejudiced agenda, drawing parallels to historical oppression during World War II. Baker asserted that a new kind of man is emerging, one that prioritises compassion over the harsh attitudes embodied by the so-called ""real men"" at the rally. Conversely, Ted Hicks expressed satisfaction with the Christian community's strong opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, warning that legalising homosexuality would lead to societal corruption akin to the dangers posed by alcohol and tobacco. He expressed concerns that young people would be negatively influenced if the reform passed. Neville M. Rush provided an account of the previous Sunday’s rally, describing the homosexual community’s actions as disruptive and disrespectful towards the invited speakers. He characterised their behaviour as anarchic and accused the National Council of Churches of supporting a form of theology that endorses social upheaval, expressing the view that genuine Christians should stand against these movements to protect traditional values. Ray Spring noted the continuous protest presence at rallies defending traditional values, suggesting that if such rallies occurred regularly, the persistent demonstrators could inadvertently find themselves exposed to Christian teachings, potentially leading to fewer social issues, such as crime and vandalism. John Canham commented on the contrasting reactions at the rally, where a solemnity fell over the crowd during discussions about AIDS, illustrating humanity's complex nature in the face of social acceptance pursuits. Canham conveyed a hope that the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would not pass, citing concerns for the wellbeing of homosexuals, youth, and the broader family structure within society. Finally, Kenneth Ong critiqued a statement made by MP Graeme Lee, who referenced Dr Robert Gallo’s estimates related to AIDS to argue against legalising homosexuality. Ong contended that Lee misrepresented Gallo's work and stressed the absence of scientific consensus about the morality of homosexuality, questioning the logic behind limiting sexual partners rather than targeting sexual orientation itself. The letters highlight the intensifying debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, revealing deep societal divisions over issues of morality, rights, and acceptance in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_86_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.86.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5510,17,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 17 April 1985)","In a letter dated 15 April 1985, K. Orr commended Cardinal Williams for his critical stance against legislation deemed harmful to family values and life. Orr emphasised the importance of the State's role in safeguarding the common good, pointing out that one of society's core objectives is the preservation and promotion of traditional family structures and child-rearing practices. The letter raised concerns regarding the declining birth rate, stating that it poses a threat to societal continuity. Orr argued that allowing sodomy to be recognised as a human right and equating the legal status of homosexuality with that of heterosexuality could undermine family integrity and societal survival. The author warned that such acceptance could lead to further legal recognitions, including the possible legitimisation of homosexual marriages, adoption rights for gay couples, and the inclusion of homosexuality in school curricula as a valid lifestyle choice. Orr questioned whether this direction is what society should aim to uphold and pass on to future generations, expressing a desire to protect traditional family values in the face of shifting legal and social norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_86_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.86.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5513,17,04,1985,"Legal But Not ‘okay To Be Gay’ (Press, 17 April 1985)","On 17 April 1985, the Rev. Gerard Marks, head of the Baptist Union of New Zealand, expressed his views on the legalisation of homosexual acts during a statement made in Ashburton. While he believed that homosexual acts should be decriminalised, he stated that it is not ""okay to be gay,"" citing the Bible's condemnation of such practices. Marks underlined the importance of separating religious beliefs from legal matters, arguing that Christian morality should not dictate law. He emphasised that just as adultery, promiscuity, and greed are also condemned in the Bible, they should not be made illegal either. In his remarks, Marks cautioned fellow Christians against reacting impulsively to the issue, highlighting the prevalence of harsh and judgmental statements from the Christian community. He argued that the focus should not solely be on whether the legalisation bill passes or not, but rather on how Christians respond to the topic. Marks warned that reacting with hatred, anger, or indignation would ultimately lead to tragedy. Instead, he urged Christians to embody the compassion of Jesus, recognising the struggles faced by homosexual individuals, many of whom he believed feel trapped in their circumstances. He concluded by acknowledging that all people are viewed as sinners in the eyes of God, suggesting a call for empathy and understanding rather than condemnation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850417_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850417.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482500800
5517,18,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 18 April 1985)","On 18 April 1985, several letters to the editor appeared in response to the ongoing debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. Varian J. Wilson defended the legacy of notable homosexual writers, such as Oscar Wilde and Virginia Woolf, highlighting the cultural contributions made by creative individuals in the LGBT community, despite struggles with mental health and addiction. Wilson criticized Fran Wilde for her opposition to the bill, suggesting that her stance is hypocritical as she seeks “equal time” for her views while targeting opposing voices. In another letter, Leonard J. Pierce expressed his anger towards the moral prescriptiveness exhibited by some Christians protesting the bill. He voiced empathy for gay individuals facing societal challenges and advocated for a more compassionate approach to the discussions around the legislation. Shaun Jones contributed by emphasising the importance of freedom of belief and expression, stating that while he respects the views of others, he seeks the same tolerance for his own beliefs. He pointed out that the imposition of one’s personal ethical code onto others through law is not justifiable. In contrast, Neville M. Rush argued against the bill, claiming that opposition arises from concern for homosexual individuals in relation to what he perceives as divine law. He contended that those who reject this law cannot partake in the Kingdom of God, displaying a traditional religious viewpoint that sees the legalisation of homosexuality as a moral failing. Collectively, these letters illustrate the polarising views on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, showcasing conflicts between progressive attitudes towards LGBT rights, rooted in empathy and respect, and conservative beliefs that prioritise adherence to religious principles. The letters reflect the tensions within society in 1985, as New Zealand grappled with issues of morality, legality, and individual rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850418_2_117_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850418.2.117.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482587200
5516,18,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes What The New Legislation... (Press, 18 April 1985)","The Homosexual Law Reform Bill, currently in Parliament, aims to eliminate criminal penalties for consensual homosexual acts between males and to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. The legislation has two main components. The first part amends the Crimes Act of 1961 to remove criminal sanctions related to male homosexual acts. Specifically, it modifies sections concerning indecency and related offences involving boys under the age of 16. Notable changes include the repeal of section 140, which addressed indecency with boys, and substitution with new provisions delineating penalties for acts committed against boys under 12 and those aged between 12 and 16. Under the new clauses, individuals can face up to ten years imprisonment for indecency involving boys under 12, with no defence of consent applicable. For boys aged 12 to 16, the maximum penalty is reduced to seven years and there are specific defences based on mutual consent. The law also emphasises that accusations cannot be initiated against the minors involved in these situations. Furthermore, section 141, which penalised indecent assaults between males, will be replaced to include similar punishments as those applied in cases involving female victims. The new provisions will raise the maximum penalty to seven years for male-on-male indecent assaults involving individuals aged over 16. In terms of anal intercourse, section 142 is revised to address consensual acts only and distinguishes penalties for those involving individuals under 12 compared to those aged 12 to 16, with respective maximum sentences of 14 and seven years. The legislation asserts that, in instances where the act of anal intercourse occurs with someone under 12, consent is not a viable defence, thereby broadening the protections for minors against exploitation. The Bill also repeals existing provisions that penalised establishments promoting homosexual acts and redefines brothel-keeping laws to encompass both male and female sex workers. A crucial feature of the legislation is a transitional clause that absolves individuals of criminal liability for actions considered unlawful prior to the Bill’s enactment if those actions no longer contravene the reformed laws. The second part of the Bill amends the Human Rights Commission Act of 1977, explicitly stating that discrimination based on sexual orientation will be considered unlawful, mirroring protections already granted against discrimination based on sex. This change broadens legal protections to include all sexual orientations, reaffirming the rights of individuals regardless of their sexual preference. Overall, this proposed law represents significant reform in New Zealand's approach to homosexuality, aiming for greater equality and protection against discrimination while ensuring stringent penalties for exploitative behaviours involving minors.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850418_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850418.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482587200
5519,19,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 19 April 1985)","In April 1985, New Zealand was engaged in a heated debate over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This bill aimed to decriminalise homosexual acts and had sparked significant public discourse around issues of morality, belief systems, and societal norms. A letter published on April 16 by Kerry McGill highlighted the influence of Christian morals on the opposition to the bill. McGill contended that some individuals seemed to assume that biblical teachings should govern everyone’s lives, disregarding those who do not share the same beliefs. The letter specifically referenced a rally held on April 14 where Mr Graham Lee, a speaker opposing the bill, proclaimed that people are not born gay. McGill countered this by stating individuals are also not born as Christians, thus asserting that both sexual orientation and religious affiliation should be matters of personal choice. In another letter published on April 17, Richard Barrett expressed his surprise at how an article reporting on the newly opened London Centre for Homosexual People was relegated to a less prominent position in the newspaper. He argued that the support for such a centre by local government underscored how backward attitudes could sometimes be in New Zealand regarding gay rights. Barrett reminisced about his family's move to New Zealand eleven years prior when the country was perceived as lagging behind Europe in social issues. He expressed hope that the eventual passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would help reshape this image. Further comments from D. Pettitt, also published on April 17, reflected on the rhetoric used by the speakers at public gatherings in support of opposing views. Pettitt was particularly struck by the concept of ""real men"" as described by another letter writer, which he interpreted as a reference to those who promote hateful sentiments and incite fear regarding homosexuality. Overall, these exchanges illustrate the complexities of the social climate in New Zealand during this period, where religious beliefs, personal rights, and societal progress were all intensely debated in relation to the topic of homosexuality and the reform bill at hand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850419_2_82_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850419.2.82.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482673600
5518,19,04,1985,"Homosexuality, The Bible Discussed (Press, 19 April 1985)","In a recent lecture at the University of Canterbury, Professor Lloyd Geering, a prominent theologian and former principal of Knox Theological College, shared his views on homosexuality and its relation to biblical interpretation. He asserted that homosexuality is a normal condition for a minority of the population, which challenges traditional interpretations of biblical texts. Geering acknowledged that those who adhere to a conventional view of the Bible would find it condemns homosexual acts. However, he argued that understanding the Bible requires considering the cultural context in which it was written. Professor Geering noted that historically, Christians viewed homosexual acts as sinful within the societal norms of their time. He emphasised that it is only in the modern era that society has begun to recognise homosexuality as a natural orientation for some individuals. He stated, ""It is only this century that we have been able to establish that homosexuality is, in fact, a normal condition for a minority of human beings."" This perspective invites a re-evaluation of biblical passages pertaining to homosexuality, suggesting that they should not be applied in absolute terms without considering the historical and cultural nuances of the time. Geering’s lecture reflects a growing discourse around the intersection of faith, sexuality, and the evolution of societal values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850419_2_73_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850419.2.73.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482673600
5520,20,04,1985,"Heterosexual Support For Reform Bill (Press, 20 April 1985)","On 20 April 1985, the Homosexual Law Reform Society highlighted widespread support for the legalisation of homosexuality, stating that many ""knowledgeable and respectable"" heterosexuals backed the cause. Professor Jim Robb, the society's president, condemned Members of Parliament Norman Jones and Graeme Lee for their campaign against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, asserting that they were misusing the term ""homosexual"" as a disparaging label aimed at discrediting supporters of the legislation. Professor Robb pointed out that at multiple meetings, Mr. Jones specifically claimed that only lesbians and gay men supported the bill. However, he noted that a list of the society's 17 vice-presidents included a diverse group of respected individuals, such as church ministers, medical professionals, and academics, who had advocated for law reform for over 18 years. Among the notable figures on the list were Father Felix Donnelly, former Cabinet Minister Dr. Martyn Finlay, Director of Mental Health Dr. Basil James, and educationist Mr. Jack Shallcrass. Robb expressed particular frustration at the tactics employed by some opponents, particularly Mr. Lee, who he felt was misusing biblical references to fortify his anti-reform stance. In support of their position, the Gay Taskforce also spoke out, suggesting that some remarks from critics of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would violate existing laws if they were directed at racial groups such as Polynesians. A spokesperson for the Taskforce, Bill Logan, noted that the Race Relations Act imposes penalties of up to three months in jail for individuals convicted of publicly insulting or inciting hatred against racial communities, implying that similar protections should extend to sexual orientation. Overall, the event highlighted ongoing debates and tensions surrounding the legal recognition of homosexuality, emphasising a push for more inclusive and fair treatment under the law, while also pointing out the hypocrisy and bias present in the arguments of some lawmakers against the reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850420_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850420.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482760000
5522,22,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 22 April 1985)","The correspondence published on 22 April 1985 in response to the ongoing debate surrounding homosexual law reform reflects a spectrum of opinion. Elizabeth Lee-Johnson, writing from Whangarei, argues against the conviction that homosexual acts should be legislated, stressing the importance of personal privacy concerning sexual activity among consenting adults. She condemns the criminalisation of homosexuality, stating that it forces individuals into secrecy and guilt, which is both cruel and unwise. Russell James, the Minister of the Opawa Methodist Church, expresses a contrasting viewpoint, announcing that his church has unanimously resolved to dissociate from the National Council of Churches and the Methodist Church's support for homosexual law reform. This decision, he insists, articulates the genuine concerns of his congregation. Kerry McGill suggests that the focus of those opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill might be better directed towards combating real crimes, such as rape, rather than targeting the rights of homosexuals, who merely seek to live their lives without degradation. He urges that societal concerns should focus on issues that cause significant harm rather than spreading unfounded fears. Marnie Barrell raises a critical view of Christian opposition to homosexual law reform, claiming that while pastors claim to oppose homosexuality out of love, their public demonstrations often come off as filled with hostility and scorn. She calls for practical support and love for the individuals affected by such opposition. In another letter, Varian J. Wilson expresses personal views regarding homosexual law reform, siding with criticisms of the public stance against it, which he believes to be driven by a minority who incite unnecessary controversy. He warns that a small group’s loud actions could endanger the broader community and provide a negative influence on young people. Gregory Smith voices his support for Neville Rush, a Christchurch pastor opposed to the reform, asserting that the Church has failed in its moral duty and accusing it of undermining community standards. He calls for individuals to rely on personal conscience regarding the morality of homosexuality. Finally, Noreen Queree employs a controversial analogy where she compares homosexuality to theft, suggesting that social acceptance could lead to normalising behaviours deemed unacceptable, thus questioning the implications of decriminalising homosexuality. The letters illustrate a divided public opinion on the issue of homosexual law reform in New Zealand during this period, revealing deep-seated beliefs about morality, personal freedoms, and societal norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850422_2_102_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850422.2.102.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482932800
5521,22,04,1985,"Inquiry Suggested Into Homosexuality (Press, 22 April 1985)","On 22 April 1985, Dr John Hawley, a representative of the New Zealand Futures Trust, advocated for a Commission of Inquiry to investigate homosexual law reform instead of holding a referendum. This statement comes in the context of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill introduced in Parliament by Wellington Central MP Fran Wilde. Dr Hawley expresses concern that a referendum would yield only a reflection of public speculation and preconceptions regarding the implications of the law change, rather than informed opinions grounded in evidence. He emphasised that many New Zealanders lack direct experience concerning the effects that the proposed changes in law would entail, leading them to speculate rather than form educated opinions. Dr Hawley framed the debate surrounding the bill as a critical evaluation of whether society prioritises empirical evidence over mere speculation and conviction. He critiqued the call for a petition or referendum as indicative of a broader societal issue, claiming that it reflects a deficiency in scientific reasoning. As part of his proposal, Dr Hawley recommended that opinions be gathered from various professionals in Britain, including members of Parliament, judges, lawyers, doctors, and social workers, who could provide insights based on their experiences since homosexual acts between consenting adult males were decriminalised in 1967. He argued that these insights would be valuable for assessing the wisdom of similar legislative changes in New Zealand. The New Zealand Futures Trust, previously known as the Commission for the Future, seeks to foster well-informed public discourse on issues that are set to impact New Zealand over the next 25 years. Dr Hawley's remarks underscore the need for an evidence-based approach to the forthcoming debate on homosexual law reform, suggesting that a thorough inquiry could facilitate a more informed and constructive discussion amongst New Zealanders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850422_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850422.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,482932800
5523,23,04,1985,"‘Gay’ Petition Idea (Press, 23 April 1985)","Residents of Riccarton Borough may soon encounter petitions both for and against homosexual law reform in their council offices. This opportunity arose following a proposition made by Cr Mervyn Cooper during a meeting of the council’s community affairs committee. Cr Cooper expressed that the committee should take an interest in the ongoing discussions regarding the proposed law reform, framing the subject as a “community challenge.” He proposed that a petition opposing the bill be made available in the council offices, providing ratepayers an avenue to voice their opinions on the matter. Importantly, the council clarified that it would not advocate for either side of the issue; it would simply facilitate public expression of views. Cr Brian Harman supported the initiative, provided that petitions reflecting both perspectives were accessible. This proposal will be further deliberated by the council. In addition to the petitions, there was discussion regarding the establishment of a display board for public notices. The topic arose after concerns were raised about the prevalence of litter from posters in Riccarton. A representative from the University of Canterbury Students’ Association mentioned the lack of designated areas for poster displays in the borough, prompting the council to consider implementing such a facility. Furthermore, the council is currently contemplating enhancements to the Riccarton Town Hall. The committee discussed proposed improvements, which are anticipated to cost around $60,000. This proposal has been sent back to the borough engineer for additional information prior to any decision being made. Additionally, Riccarton has received a financial allocation of $535,820 from the joint vehicle testing station at Sockburn. This sum represents a share of the profits accrued over the last two decades, which have been distributed among the participating authorities. Of this amount, the Waimairi District Council is set to receive $319,099, and the Paparua County Council will obtain $195,081. Riccarton’s share will contribute to its general fund, providing further financial support for local services and initiatives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850423_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850423.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483019200
7109,23,04,1985,"Gay Force Says Ignore Antis (Press, 23 April 1985)","On 23 April 1985, the Gay Task Force in Wellington issued a statement urging homosexuals to avoid attending meetings organised by anti-reform groups, citing their intention to provoke those attending. The group's spokesman, Bill Logan, asserted that allowing the anti-reformers to meet without a significant presence of gay individuals would demonstrate the limited support for their views. He highlighted that anti-reform proponents had used insults and abuse during meetings to incite reactions that could be deemed undesirable in the media. Logan expressed that the gay community was open to engaging in discussions about law reform regarding homosexual rights in a civil manner, but asserted that the prevailing tone at these gatherings was one of bigotry. He condemned the rhetoric aimed at the gay community, calling it ""little short of incitement"" for anti-reformers to label gays as disgusting without offering them an opportunity to respond. Furthermore, he pointed out that such abuses would be considered illegal if directed at a racial minority, suggesting that the same standards should apply to the treatment of gay individuals. Despite the aggressive tactics employed by anti-reform groups, Logan noted that the gay movement had responded with ""extreme restraint,"" and believed that the New Zealand public could understand the justification behind the anger expressed by the gay community. The statement reflects the ongoing tensions surrounding gay rights and reform in New Zealand during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850423_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850423.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483019200
5525,23,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 23 April 1985)","In response to comments regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, several letters to the editor express a range of perspectives. MRS LESLIE M. CROUCHER highlights a humorous notion circulating in conversation circles, stating that phrases like ""Real men don’t eat quiche"" and ""Real women don’t pump gas"" reflect a misguided and naive sentiment among many opposing the bill. She expresses disappointment that some New Zealanders' objections to the bill lack a deeper understanding and urges for a more genuine interpretation of the issues at hand. J. W. EARLY addresses the contradiction in the attitudes of some Christians towards homosexuals. He critiques the public perception of Christian love as being undermined by actions and rhetoric that convey hostility and judgment, citing a recent rally in Cathedral Square and various letters that portray contempt rather than compassion. He asserts that this inconsistency damages the credibility of the Church among non-Christian homosexuals, suggesting that the church's message is failing to resonate with the very individuals it seeks to reach. Lastly, KEITH WIGNALL responds to a letter from Noreen Queree, arguing that unlike theft, which is inherently non-consensual and driven by greed, the homosexual activities that the law aims to decriminalise are based on love and consent. He emphasises that while he values legal protections against theft, he does not desire similar protections against consensual expressions of love, reinforcing the idea that consensual relationships should not be subject to legal scrutiny. Together, these letters reflect the complex social and moral conversations occurring around the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, laying bare a conflict between traditional beliefs and evolving views on love and morality in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850423_2_75_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850423.2.75.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483019200
5526,23,04,1985,"M.P.s Change Minds On Reform—claim (Press, 23 April 1985)","During a public meeting held at the Auckland Town Hall on 20 April 1985, Mr Norman Jones, a National member of Parliament for Invercargill, claimed that ten members of Parliament had changed their views on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This group included some who had previously voted in favour of the bill’s introduction as well as others who had been absent during the vote. The meeting was part of a national campaign led by Mr Jones opposing the reform, which seeks to decriminalise homosexual acts. The event faced disruptions from supporters of the bill, namely members of the Auckland Gay Task Force, who demonstrated outside the Town Hall, advising attendees not to enter or pay the $2 admission fee. Despite the protests, the meeting attracted an estimated 1200 attendees, including Mr Graeme Lee, the member for Hauraki, and three church ministers who also spoke against the reform. Mr Jones, who is actively campaigning against the bill, reported that he had collected 20,000 signatures on a petition within just three days of that week, and he anticipated that the total would reach 500,000 signatures in the coming days. The meeting underscored the growing tension surrounding the debate on homosexual law reform in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850423_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850423.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483019200
5524,23,04,1985,"The Varnish Becomes Thicker (Press, 23 April 1985)","In a commentary on the ""Miss Universe New Zealand"" pageant aired on 23 April 1985, Ken Strongman criticises the event's superficiality and the evolving cultural context that has shifted focus towards more pressing social issues, such as anti-nuclear movements and homosexual law reform. He notes that while these topics have taken centre stage, the pageant still garners attention, especially among women. The pageant was presented by TVNZ in collaboration with a manufacturer of beds that advertise a “biopaedic sleep system,” which Strongman describes as jargon that diminishes the event's credibility. Bob Parker hosted the show, but Strongman expresses surprise at his involvement, suggesting that even he was unable to elevate the proceedings. The contestants, averaging 18 years old but appearing older, are briefly introduced by their hobbies rather than their professional achievements, reinforcing Strongman’s view that the focus should be less on trivial interests and more on the contestants' personal accomplishments. The commentary reflects a broader concern about the objectification of women in such beauty contests, particularly as societal awareness raises questions about women’s roles and the exploitative nature of these pageants. The competition’s highlights, namely the swimsuit and cocktail dress parades, are criticized for their absurdity and lack of substance. The descriptions of the contestants' attire are laden with extravagant language, which Strongman finds pretentious. He chastises the manner in which fashion is presented, noting a disconnect where clothing is described as ""by"" various creators rather than ""made by,"" suggesting a deliberate attempt to romanticise consumer products into high art. The questions and answers during the competition are portrayed as vacuous and superficial, eliciting embarrassment rather than entertainment. Overall, Strongman feels that ""Miss Universe"" perpetuates a facade of glamour while masking the genuine personalities of its contestants. He expresses a longing for authenticity, contrasting the manufactured image often presented to the public. The commentary concludes with a sense of relief at turning to more genuine programming, like “Five Go Mad in Dorset,” which provides a refreshing reprieve from the artificiality displayed during the beauty pageant. He wittily notes the irony of the show’s themes, questioning whether TVNZ is subtly addressing significant issues without overtly mentioning them. In essence, the review reveals Strongman's disillusionment with the beauty pageant culture of the time, prompting a call for deeper reflection on the portrayal of women in media and the value of authenticity in entertainment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850423_2_69_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850423.2.69.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483019200
5529,24,04,1985,"A.I.D.S. Affects Political, Social Life In U.S. (Press, 24 April 1985)","The article, published on 24 April 1985, reports on the escalating crisis of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which was first identified in the United States in 1981. Highlighting various cases, it notes a suburban Los Angeles housewife who contracted the disease from her husband and subsequently transmitted it to her newborn, a nun who died from a blood transfusion, and children and adults from diverse backgrounds who have succumbed to the illness. Originally perceived primarily as affecting homosexuals, haemophiliacs, and intravenous drug users, the article underscores the alarming reality that AIDS is now impacting the general population. Dr Robert Gallo, the scientist who discovered the virus responsible for AIDS, expresses concern over the spread of the disease, emphasizing that it poses a significant public health emergency. With around a million Americans thought to have been exposed to the virus, health experts warn that many of these individuals could transmit it to others. The statistics indicate that while homosexual men constitute a significant portion of reported cases, a growing number of individuals outside the traditional risk groups are also becoming infected. AIDS's stigma and social repercussions are evident, with disturbing reports of discrimination against those afflicted by the disease. A four-year-old girl from New Jersey was barred from preschool due to fears of contagion, and a young man in Florida lost his job after disclosing his status. The article illustrates that AIDS is increasingly affecting societal norms, with political ramifications manifesting as efforts to curtail rights based on fears surrounding the disease. Experts warn that AIDS could increasingly impact heterosexual populations, noting new research indicating frequent transmission risks during heterosexual contact. The spread continues to evolve, projecting a potential doubling of cases annually; predictions suggest there could be 40,000 cases by the end of 1986 if current trends continue. The economic burden of AIDS treatment is severe, with resources devoted to combating the disease estimated to reach hundreds of millions of dollars. As the crisis deepens, public health officials face a dual challenge: managing immediate health concerns while also addressing a broader societal fear and stigma. They acknowledge that while the virus spreads predominantly through high-risk groups, its reach into the general population is a pressing and unpredictable threat. In conclusion, as AIDS evolves from a disease seen as primarily affecting certain demographics to one that is out in the public domain, health authorities stress the importance of preparation and awareness. The fight against AIDS necessitates a comprehensive response that tackles both medical and social dimensions of the epidemic, as the implications for the future of public health remain daunting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850424_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850424.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483105600
5531,24,04,1985,"Church And State (Press, 24 April 1985)","In a letter published in response to the editorial stance of the ""Tablet"" regarding the appointment of a churchman to a secular position, Alistair Gardner critiques the editor's opposition, highlighting a perceived inconsistency. Gardner notes that the editor, who is against the churchman's appointment, is also a prominent opponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. He argues that this bill seeks to maintain a secular legal perspective, yet the movement against it aims to impose religiously-based moral standards onto secular laws. Gardner references Cardinal Williams' forthcoming appearance before a select committee reviewing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill as an example of the Catholic Church asserting its belief in the authority of its moral codes over secular legislation. He challenges John Kennedy, the editor, to apply his reasoning consistently and to denounce the Cardinal for blurring the lines between secular matters and religious ones. In his conclusion, Gardner reiterates that while Kennedy correctly identifies the potential societal detriment in conflating sacred and secular spheres, it is regrettable that he does not heed his own advice. The letter underscores the tension between religious influence and secular governance in the context of moral debates within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850424_2_98_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850424.2.98.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483105600
5530,24,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 24 April 1985)","On 24 April 1985, a letter to the editor was published in response to ongoing debates regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. The letter, written by Kay Ranginui, expresses frustration with the repetitive arguments made by opponents of the Bill. Ranginui highlights the prevalence of outdated myths and stereotypes regarding homosexuality that have been resurfacing in discussions surrounding the reform. The letter references an incident involving derogatory graffiti that was spray-painted on a wall in Shirley Road, which contained a violent message targeting homosexuals. Ranginui implies that such actions and sentiments are indicative of the harmful attitudes that the Bill seeks to challenge and reform. The letter calls for prompt passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, reflecting a desire for progress and an end to discrimination against the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850424_2_98_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850424.2.98.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483105600
5533,24,04,1985,"Nurses To Stop Petitioning (Press, 24 April 1985)","On 24 April 1985, it was reported that nurses at Auckland Hospital were instructed to cease asking patients to sign a petition opposing homosexual law reform. The issue arose following a complaint from a relative of a deceased patient, who claimed pressure was applied to have the patient sign the petition. Colleen Hicks, the South Auckland regional officer for the Nurses Association, emphasised the need for nurses involved in this practice to stop immediately. She indicated that this behaviour was likely limited to a few individuals, stating that most nurses' ethical standards would typically disallow such actions. Hicks expressed that the idea of presenting a petition was fundamentally incompatible with nursing ethics. Dr Frank Rutter, the chairman of the Auckland Hospital Board, corroborated this stance by affirming that the board maintains a policy against soliciting signatures from both patients and staff. He also noted that this policy would be reiterated to the nursing staff to prevent any future occurrences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850424_2_109_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850424.2.109.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483105600
5527,24,04,1985,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 24 April 1985)","On 24 April 1985, support for the anti-reform petition initiated by Invercargill MP Norman Jones against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill came from an unexpected source—the Mongrel Mob. A petitioner encountered a gang member outside their headquarters in St Albans, who expressed interest in the petition and subsequently gathered 27 additional signatures. This unusual alliance highlighted broader societal dynamics surrounding the bill. In lighter news, the Prime Minister's wife was featured prominently with a delightful bumper sticker proclaiming, “I love Naomi’s pink cardy!” showcasing her popularity among supporters. A Lincoln resident recounted a humorous account from his visit to the Soviet Union years prior, specifically addressing issues faced in their hotels. He described the experience of using hotel bathrooms, where the inconsistency of water supply made for a unique alarm clock system, as water would only flow intermittently. This led to slow draining baths and highlighted significant plumbing challenges, leaving a comical impression of Soviet hospitality. In another feel-good story, a Christchurch Transport Board bus driver earned praise for his kindness. One evening, during a downpour, a passenger realised she had forgotten her flat keys just before the bus's departure. The driver not only hesitated for her return but also moved the bus closer to minimise her run through the rain, showcasing a spirit of community and consideration. A teacher from Ashburton's Rotary Club faced a tongue-in-cheek penalty at a meeting for a report comment that critiqued a student's spelling while acknowledging writing improvement. This instance humorously illustrated the challenges faced in education. Innovatively tackling classroom behaviour, New Zealand teachers were suggested to adopt a new strategy from Italy. Faced with unruly students, Italian educators would threaten to call a child's mother as a final resort to discipline. This tactic apparently proved effective, drawing an emphasis on the importance of parental influence. Lastly, political blunders in international diplomacy were noted with a slip by UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who confused Indonesia with Malaysia and incorrectly referred to the United States while in Canada, exposing common pitfalls of public figures during overseas visits. Additionally, there was a humorous exchange regarding the Archbishop of Canterbury, where officials in Australia inquired on the appropriateness of beach attire during his visit, only to receive a playful reply suggesting his carefree nature. These various stories from both political and social spheres displayed the humorous and multifaceted nature of life and governance in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850424_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850424.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483105600
5532,24,04,1985,"Tv Series Dropped (Press, 24 April 1985)","A television drama series based on the Salvation Army's work has been cancelled by Television New Zealand due to its perceived support for the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The series, developed by Auckland freelance writer Liddy Holloway, had gained initial approval, with the first episode already written and plans for a four-part series in place. Holloway expressed her disappointment at the decision, noting that she had dedicated four months to the project. She acknowledged that while the network had shown enthusiasm initially, they ultimately chose to abandon the series due to concerns over it being viewed as a political endorsement during a time of polarised opinions on the issue. Producer John Whitwell clarified the broadcaster's position, stating that the Broadcasting Corporation needed to avoid the appearance of favouring any specific political group. Although he acknowledged the positive contributions of the Salvation Army, he pointed out the risk of alienating a significant portion of the audience if the programme was associated with a contentious political stance. The decision reflects the broader tensions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and highlights the challenges faced by media organisations in navigating politically sensitive topics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850424_2_101_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850424.2.101.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483105600
5528,24,04,1985,"Tvnz Series 'modified’ (Press, 24 April 1985)","Television New Zealand's planned drama series about the Salvation Army is not being scrapped, according to producer John Whitwell, who made the announcement on 24 April 1985. There had been earlier reports suggesting that the 44-part series faced cancellation due to the Salvation Army's opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. However, Whitwell clarified that the project will continue but in a modified format. The revised series is set to focus on issues relating to a community house and will involve various community welfare groups, rather than centring solely on the Salvation Army. Whitwell expressed hope that the Salvation Army would still participate in the series, recognising the valuable work it does within the community. The decision to modify the series came as a response to public backlash against the proposed law reform and reflected the corporation's desire to avoid taking a strong political stance. Whitwell noted that the production is required to remain neutral and not advocate for any particular viewpoint. Initially, there had been criticism that the series overly emphasised the Salvation Army while neglecting other equally important welfare organisations. Filming for the yet-untitled drama is scheduled to commence in October or November, with an anticipated screening date in February 1986.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850424_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850424.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483105600
5534,26,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 26 April 1985)","In a letter addressed to the editor, A. D. Carstairs discussed the ongoing opposition by some Christians to homosexual law reform, referencing a letter by Mamie Barrell dated April 22. Carstairs expressed the paradox of claiming to love individuals while simultaneously wishing to keep them classified as criminals due to their expressions of love. He noted a growing awareness among Christians regarding the conflicting nature of this stance. Carstairs highlighted that the recent conference of Catholic bishops did not support Cardinal Williams’s personal opposition to the bill, suggesting a shift in attitudes within the church. Furthermore, he quoted the Cardinal's condemnation of the use of Catholic congregations by those opposing reform, characterising them as ""captive petition-signers"" used by ""rednecked"" opponents. This statement received significant media coverage on television and radio on April 19, 1985, though Carstairs pointed out that it was curiously absent from coverage in ""The Press."" The letter underscores the tension between traditional Christian beliefs and evolving views towards homosexuality, signalling a potential change in the church's engagement with social issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850426_2_82_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850426.2.82.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483278400
5536,27,04,1985,"Bishop Supports Bill, But Has Reservations (Press, 27 April 1985)","On 27 April 1985, the Rt Rev. Maurice Goodall, the Bishop of Christchurch, expressed his support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, specifically in its aim to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults. While he acknowledged this legislative change, he clarified that it should not be interpreted as an endorsement of such acts as moral or desirable for Christians. In his monthly newsletter, Bishop Goodall emphasised the importance of separating law from morality in personal matters, stating that the Church should not exclude individuals based on their sexual orientation but should instead promote Christ's teachings with compassion and humility. He noted that there is much to learn regarding sexuality within the faith community. Additionally, Bishop Goodall highlighted two significant principles discussed by the Rt Rev. Peter Atkins, the Bishop of Waiapu, relevant to the ongoing debate surrounding the bill. The first principle questions whether every sinful act should also be criminal. He reasoned that if all sinful acts were criminalised, many other behaviours, such as pride, greed, and adultery, would also need to be legislated against, which would be impractical. Goodall argued that the moral and spiritual teachings of Jesus, rather than criminal law, should guide Christian conduct. The second principle raised by Atkins considered whether private behaviour is of societal concern. Goodall asserted that a Christian's thoughts and actions influence society, although the extent varies based on interaction with others. He noted the importance of a Christian witness in self-discipline and self-control for the benefit of society. Conversely, the Rt Rev. Peter Sutton, the Bishop of Nelson, expressed reservations about the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. He critiqued it for failing to promote healthy human relationships, urging individuals to approach the topic with a sense of responsible love. While he agreed that penalising individuals based on sexual orientation is unjust, he cautioned against allowing sexual orientation to lead to unrestricted homosexual behaviours. Sutton expressed concern about the timing of relaxing sexual activity restraints, especially in light of the growing apprehension around the AIDS epidemic in the community. He concluded that societal moral standards should not be dictated by a minority group. In summary, the discussions among these Anglican bishops highlighted a tension between supporting the decriminalisation of homosexual acts and concerns regarding morality, societal influence, and public health implications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850427_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850427.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483364800
5538,27,04,1985,"Course On A.I.D.S. Help (Press, 27 April 1985)","On 27 April 1985, it was announced that the Christchurch A.I.D.S. support network is organising a public lecture and a two-day volunteer counsellor training programme focused on A.I.D.S. The lecture is scheduled for Friday, 3 May, and will be presented by Mr Bruce Burnett, the co-ordinator of the A.I.D.S. support network in Auckland. Mr Burnett has notable experience, having spent 15 months in San Francisco working at a counselling service dedicated to A.I.D.S. victims. In addition to Mr Burnett's presentation, members of the local homosexual community, along with medical professionals, are also expected to speak during the event, as outlined by organiser Mr Hugh Gaw. The subsequent weekend will be primarily dedicated to training aspiring volunteer A.I.D.S. counsellors, aiming to equip them with the necessary skills to support those affected by A.I.D.S. The Christchurch A.I.D.S. support network is a voluntary organisation that collaborates with the Health Department, as well as medical and psychological services, to ensure its members receive comprehensive counsellor training. The overarching purpose of this initiative is to provide essential support to individuals living with A.I.D.S., along with their families and friends. Mr Gaw mentioned that they have already started receiving referrals from the Health Department, general practitioners, and the sexually transmitted diseases clinic associated with the Canterbury Hospital Board.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850427_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850427.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483364800
6716,27,04,1985,"Dial-a-porn Charges Laid (Press, 27 April 1985)","A New York corporation and four individuals have been indicted in a landmark case, marking the first federal prosecution of a pornographic telephone service in the United States. The 23-count indictment was announced on 26 April 1985 and charges Carlin Communications Inc. along with Carl Ruderman, Ira Kirschenbaum, Kevin Goodman, and Samantha Fox, all based in New York City. The indictment centres around the interstate transportation of obscene material and arose after children in Utah were found to have dialled the service, which reportedly provided them with explicit sexual content. United States Attorney Brent Ward highlighted the significance of the case, noting that convictions could have far-reaching implications for the burgeoning phone sex industry that has proliferated nationwide over the previous two years. According to the indictment, in 1983 children aged between 10 and 16 in Utah received pre-recorded telephone messages that contained graphic descriptions of sexual acts, including lesbianism, sodomy, incest, and more disturbing content such as excretory acts and bestiality. Ward expressed deep concern over the potential impact of these messages on young impressionable minds, suggesting that such content might condition them to associate sexual arousal with violence, pain, and the degradation of women. He pointed out that while all the alleged victims in this case were children, the charges could also have applied to adult users of the service. The children involved, all from the Salt Lake Valley, were prepared to testify at trial, with fewer than 23 children having made calls due to some making multiple calls. The methods by which the authorities obtained verbatim transcripts of the messages were not disclosed, and it was clarified that the children had not been encouraged or instructed by officials to make those calls. The legal context of the indictment references legislation signed by President Ronald Reagan on 8 December 1983, which made it illegal for any commercial phone service featuring obscene content to be accessible to minors. However, since the alleged offences occurred prior to this law being enacted, the prosecution is proceeding under an older statute previously used for phone harassment cases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850427_2_83_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850427.2.83.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483364800
5540,27,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 27 April 1985)","In a letter to the editor published in ""The Press"" on 27 April 1985, E. G. Overton, the pastor of North Beach Methodist Church, articulated his opposition to a proposed law reform that he and his congregation believe could have detrimental effects on family structures in New Zealand. Overton stated that love and understanding are needed for all people, including homosexuals, but he argued that supporting the proposed bill would not reflect true love as it could harm the nation. He expressed a desire to distance his views from those of the National Council of Churches and the Methodist Conference of New Zealand, suggesting that these organisations inadvertently endorse ideas that could worsen the already strained family life due to moral issues in society. Overton characterised the proposed legislation as a disobedience to what he considers the laws of God and nature. In a separate response, J. Ngarimu refuted Gregory Smith's statement that equated homosexuality solely with sodomy, labelling it as lacking any scientific or theological support. This response underscores a contention in the community regarding the interpretations of homosexuality and its implications. Additionally, Sue Scheele contributed her view concerning the societal issues arising from theft. In her perspective, if an individual like Noreen Queree only steals from other thieves who are consenting adults over the age of 16, then there is no cause for societal concern, suggesting a more lenient view on crime based on the context of the act. Overall, the correspondence reflected the various social and moral debates occurring at the time, with strong opinions surrounding the legislation and its potential impact on New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850427_2_117_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850427.2.117.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483364800
5539,27,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Reform A Christian Case Against... (Press, 27 April 1985)","On 27 April 1985, an article by the Rev. David G. Stewart, principal of the Bible College of New Zealand, presented a Christian perspective against the proposed Homosexual Law Reform bill in New Zealand. Stewart emphasised three core attitudes Christians should exhibit towards homosexuals: love, acceptance, and help to change. He argued that, in accordance with Christ's teachings, Christians should love their neighbours and not hate homosexual individuals. Acceptance is important as every person is valued by God, and Christians should not stereotype or distance themselves from homosexuals. Stewart contested the claim made by Fran Wilde, who supported the bill, that a person's sexual orientation is fixed by early childhood and unchangeable. He asserted that individuals possess the freedom to choose their paths, and people's sexual orientations could shift based on experiences in their formative years. He also distinguished between sin and crime, stating that while sins like adultery are wrong, they do not warrant legal punishment in New Zealand. He expressed concerns about the existing laws on homosexual behaviour, highlighting their inequality and the inadequacy of punishment methods. However, he was more troubled by the Homosexual Law Reform bill, citing four principal objections. First, he contended that the bill would eliminate any legal acknowledgment that sodomy is wrong when consensual acts are performed by individuals aged 16 and above, leading to unrestricted public expressions of homosexual activity. Second, he argued that lowering the age of consent to 16 would expose young individuals to potential exploitation by older individuals, claiming that the bill fails to provide adequate protections for youth. Stewart also critiqued the argument that decriminalisation would reduce the spread of AIDS by promoting safer practices within the homosexual community, suggesting that it would likely result in an increase in promiscuity rather than fostering stable relationships. He pointed to San Francisco as an example where the removal of legal restrictions has led to a surge in the disease's transmission. Finally, he voiced his most significant concern regarding amendments to the Human Rights Commission Act. He warned that the bill would protect homosexuals from discrimination in various areas, including employment and housing, potentially forcing institutions and employers to hire individuals based on their sexual orientation. He believed that this would lead to the imposition of laws contrary to Christian beliefs regarding morality. Stewart concluded that the proposed reforms would swing the legal balance too far in favour of homosexual behaviour at the expense of those who uphold traditional values, and he expressed his intention to sign petitions against the bill in concern for both the moral fabric of the community and the welfare of homosexual individuals. He articulated that true love should not enable harmful behaviours but should instead guide individuals toward change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850427_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850427.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483364800
5537,27,04,1985,"Investment Advice (Press, 27 April 1985)","On 27 April 1985, the Gay Task Force in Wellington urged homosexual individuals who had recently withdrawn funds from the Countrywide Building Society to refrain from reinvesting with the institution. The call to action arose due to the involvement of one of the company's directors, Keith Hay, who is spearheading a campaign against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This proposed legislation aims to legalise consensual homosexual acts between adult males. Bill Logan, a spokesman for the Gay Task Force, highlighted that while Countrywide is perceived to have an image issue, the source of the problem is directly associated with Keith Hay. Hay, an Auckland businessman, is collaborating with Sir Peter Tait as the primary organisers of a petition that opposes the law reform, further motivating the task force's dissatisfaction with the building society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850427_2_35_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850427.2.35.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483364800
5535,27,04,1985,"World Vision Contacts Used By Homosexual Law... (Press, 27 April 1985)","In a controversy surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, World Vision, a Christian relief organisation, faced backlash after it was revealed that a mailing list used by the organisation was provided to campaigners opposing the legislation. A Christchurch woman, who wished to remain anonymous, expressed her anger upon receiving a petition against the bill, stating her support for the law reform and tearing up the petition. She criticised World Vision for sharing her details without her consent, questioning the organisation's practices and wondering who else may have access to their mailing lists. Peter McNee, the executive director of World Vision, acknowledged that a staff member had shared contacts from the organisation's church mailing list after being approached by opponents of the reform. McNee clarified that World Vision maintains two separate mailing lists: one comprising confidential donor information and the other containing church contacts, which he indicated were publicly accessible information. Most individuals on the church contact list were ministers. In light of the complaint from the Christchurch woman, the organisation's directors convened to discuss the matter. Following this meeting, McNee announced a decision to keep names from both mailing lists confidential in the future. He acknowledged the validity of the woman's concerns, noting that sending the petition could have pleased some recipients and upset others. The woman highlighted that her connection to World Vision was through her participation in the group's 40-hour famine initiative aimed at raising awareness of global hunger, as well as her sponsorship of a child overseas. She reiterated that World Vision had no basis to assume her stance on the proposed legal reforms and questioned the appropriateness of distributing the petition using her name. After being informed of where her details originated, she reached out to the petition campaigners for clarification.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850427_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850427.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483364800
5542,30,04,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 30 April 1985)","In a series of letters published on 30 April 1985, various individuals express their views on the ongoing debate regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. John Dobson criticises the lack of well-informed Christian spokespeople on the topic, urging for logical argumentation and consultation with medical experts regarding the spread of diseases like AIDS. He challenges claims made by David Stewart, who suggested that AIDS is spreading rapidly in England without providing concrete evidence. Bruce Morrison counters Stewart's statements about the bill, arguing that the law actually seeks to equalise the legal treatment of sexual acts for both heterosexuals and homosexuals. He clarifies that the law does not allow older men to claim ignorance about the age of consent when faced with charges, correcting Stewart's misrepresentation. Matthew Jenkinson praises Stewart's article “A Christian case against change,” considering it a clear exposition of the opposition to homosexual law reform. However, Alan Wilkinson points out a contradiction in Stewart’s argument. He criticises the notion that opposing the bill is an act of love for homosexuals, suggesting that it stems from fear rather than genuine concern for their welfare. He reflects on a recent gathering where gay individuals expressed their humanity and desire for acceptance through a poignant song. M. T. A. Donovan expresses confusion regarding the bill, linking the discussion to broader moral values and contending that societal wrongs should not be legalised, using theft as an analogy. Lawrie Cooper expresses gratitude for the coverage of Stewart's article, appreciating the attention given to the concerns of parents. In contrast, Paul Maling argues against Stewart's claim of a universal moral opposition to homosexuality, citing historical practices that accepted homosexual relationships across various cultures, especially in ancient Greece. He warns against generalising contemporary views based on Judaeo-Christian values alone. Lastly, Judith Lyell raises a warning against passing the reform without thorough investigation, highlighting concerns about a potential AIDS epidemic. She points to evidence from other regions where legislative changes have correlated with increased AIDS prevalence, advocating for caution in the legislative process. These letters reflect the heated discussions and differing perspectives on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, illustrating a complex social landscape grappling with issues of morality, law, and public health in 1985 New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850430_2_70_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850430.2.70.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483624000
5541,30,04,1985,"P.m. For Reform Bill (Press, 30 April 1985)","On 30 April 1985, Prime Minister David Lange expressed his intention to support a private member's bill aimed at reforming homosexual laws once it returned to Parliament. The bill was initially introduced on 8 March 1985 while Lange was overseas. Upon his return, he confirmed his backing for the bill and stated his unchanged stance on the issue. During a post-Cabinet press conference, Lange noted that the Leader of the Opposition, Jim McLay, had initially supported the bill's introduction, albeit with some concerns regarding the proposed age of consent. However, it appeared that McLay had now decided to oppose the bill. Lange characterised the existing laws concerning homosexuality as irrational, asserting that individuals should have the freedom to determine their moral choices in regards to their personal conduct without legal imposition. He dismissed any notion that decriminalising homosexual acts would amount to governmental endorsement of such behaviour, describing that idea as nonsense. Furthermore, Lange expressed disbelief at the idea that Christian ethics would justify imprisoning practising homosexuals, calling that perspective bizarre. Lange also suggested that McLay's shift from an initial supportive position did not necessarily mean that the Opposition would vote strictly along party lines on the legislation. Overall, the Prime Minister's comments reflected a commitment to reforming New Zealand's laws around homosexuality and indicated a desire for a more progressive approach to personal rights and freedoms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850430_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850430.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483624000
5545,01,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 1 May 1985)","In a series of letters published in response to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, opinions have varied significantly, reflecting the heated debate surrounding the topic in New Zealand during early May 1985. One letter, from a writer identified as J. Bennett, critiques the fundamentalist propaganda that has been filling the columns. Bennett expresses disappointment with what they describe as wild, unsubstantiated claims about the negative impacts of the bill, calling for rational, evidence-based arguments to illustrate how promoting individual freedom could be detrimental to the public good. They condemn a group of conservative Members of Parliament who are touring the country to spread misinformation and incite anti-homosexual sentiments, labelling their actions as irresponsible and a witch-hunt against an innocent minority. Conversely, Felix Robson, responding in a letter, aligns with the sentiment expressed by Pastor E.G. Overton, who argues that the bill could increase stress on families amid perceived moral decay within society. Robson shares a personal anecdote about witnessing homosexual behaviour among animals and suggests that there may be unnatural influences affecting human behaviours, possibly linked to diet. Gordon Dennis references the words of King George V, which commend the importance of strong family life as foundational for national glory. His letter echoes sentiments promoting traditional family values and emphasizes the need for moral training of children, a position supported by historical endorsements. In contrast, D. Walker expresses frustration towards Christian critics who oppose the bill under the guise of charity. Walker seeks respect for individual conscience and a rejection of the notion that morality should dictate the lifestyles of others, urging that a deeper understanding of homosexuality would benefit opponents rather than the rhetoric of love which, to them, feels insincere. The exchange of views illustrates the contentious climate surrounding the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which aims to challenge existing norms and provide rights to a minority group, provoking strong emotions and varied opinions within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850501_2_103_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850501.2.103.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483710400
5544,01,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Reform A Christian Case For Change (Press, 1 May 1985)","Colin Brown, a reader in Religious Studies at the University of Canterbury, critiqued the Rev. David Stewart’s article opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill introduced by Fran Wilde. Brown acknowledged the charitable and restrained tone of Stewart’s piece, which distinguishes between sin and crime and critiques the current law for being unequal as it applies only to men. However, he expressed that opinions among Christians on this issue are highly divided. Brown pointed out that while Stewart focused on the age of consent, which is set at 16 for females, he failed to convincingly justify why it should differ for males. Brown questioned the assumption that boys require prolonged legal protection from predatory homosexuals while women do not after turning 16. He asserted that an act being legal does not equate to it being moral and that sexual conduct should not exploit immaturity or authority dynamics. In discussing sexual orientation, Brown noted that some Christians like Stewart believe it is fixed late in life, while other research suggests preferences are set by puberty. He cited Professor Ken Strongman, who stated that the age of 16 is reasonable even from conservative perspectives. Brown also indicated that Stewart was poorly informed about the origins of homosexuality, highlighting the complexity of the issue. The most significant contention in Stewart's argument lay in his opposition to legislation aimed at preventing discrimination based on sexual orientation. Brown noted that the Christchurch Anglican Synod, despite differing opinions on homosexual acts, concluded in 1979 to oppose discrimination against anyone due to their homosexuality. Brown clarified that the proposed bill addresses discrimination concerning “sexual orientation” rather than specific behaviours, countering Stewart's claims about employment practices concerning LGBTQ+ individuals. Brown reflected on his personal experiences and the importance of relationships, suggesting that the central criterion for both homosexual and heterosexual relationships should be whether they are caring and constructive. He expressed that the sexual acts involved are less important than the quality and health of the relationship itself. He underscored that while traditional biblical interpretations might condemn homosexual acts, there are also contemporary Christian perspectives that advocate for a nuanced understanding of human sexuality. Reports from various church bodies have suggested that homosexual acts can be morally acceptable in specific relational contexts, illustrating a diversity of Christian thought on the matter. In conclusion, Brown urged for legal changes that would grant justice to homosexual individuals rather than mere charity, advocating for recognition and respect for the natural diversity of human sexuality within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850501_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850501.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483710400
5547,01,05,1985,"Lesbian Women Use Alcohol To Escape (Press, 1 May 1985)","On 1 May 1985, Ms Julie Helean, the Northland alcohol services coordinator, highlighted that alcohol abuse rates are significantly higher among lesbian women compared to the general population. Speaking to psychologists at the Auckland Hospital Board, she explained that the pressures associated with being part of a minority group, rather than individual personal issues, often drive homosexuals to seek refuge in alcohol. Ms Helean pointed out that lesbian teachers and nurses tend to experience high levels of stress due to societal expectations and the need to conceal their sexual orientation, which results in increased alcohol consumption. Research from the United States cited by Ms Helean indicated that 33 per cent of lesbian women struggle with alcohol abuse, in stark contrast to a 10 per cent rate among the wider community. While there has been recognition of alcohol-related issues among homosexual men in Auckland, who have established alcohol counselling services specifically for them, the challenges faced by lesbian women remain critical. Many lesbians reportedly find it beneficial to turn to lesbian therapists who can relate to their unique experiences and stresses. Ms Helean underscored the importance of addressing these challenges as they contribute to the higher rates of alcohol abuse within this demographic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850501_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850501.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483710400
5543,01,05,1985,"Mr Mclay Accused Of About-turn On Bill (Press, 1 May 1985)","On 1 May 1985, Mr McLay, the Leader of the Opposition in New Zealand, faced criticism from Ms Fran Wilde, a Labour member of Parliament for Wellington Central, for his reversal on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Ms Wilde accused Mr McLay of using the bill as a ""political football,"" highlighting what she deemed an inconsistency in his position on LGBTQ+ rights. Although Mr McLay had previously presented himself as a liberal supporter of the legalisation of homosexuality, he announced his opposition to the bill over the weekend, which Ms Wilde termed an about-turn. During his initial introduction of the bill in Parliament, Mr McLay had also expressed some concerns regarding the age of consent being set at 16. However, his recent opposition stemmed from two main reasons: his disapproval of the clauses related to the Human Rights Commission and the results of his consultations with his electorate, which indicated a majority against the decriminalisation of homosexuality. Ms Wilde countered Mr McLay's reasoning, suggesting that he did not need to oppose the entire bill simply because he had reservations about certain sections. She further questioned whether Mr McLay would reconsider his position as leader, given the low levels of support he was experiencing within his party. This exchange highlights the continued tensions surrounding the debate over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and reflects the complex dynamics of political support and public opinion in New Zealand at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850501_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850501.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483710400
5546,01,05,1985,"Small Majority For Wilde Bill (Press, 1 May 1985)","A recent poll conducted by “Eye Witness News” has revealed that a slight majority of New Zealanders support the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males in private. The poll, which surveyed 1000 individuals, found that 51 per cent are in favour of reform, while 42 per cent oppose it, leaving 7 per cent undecided. This indicates a significant shift in public opinion regarding the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill proposed by Labour MP Fran Wilde, aimed at changing existing laws governing homosexual acts. The poll asked participants whether the law should permit homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. The findings suggest a favourable stance towards the main provisions of Wilde's bill, which seeks to remove criminal penalties for such acts. However, views on the proposed age of consent for same-sex sexual activity are more divided. While Wilde has suggested an age of consent set at 16 years, only 21 per cent of respondents supported this proposal. In contrast, 13 per cent preferred the age to be 18 years, 11 per cent suggested 20 years, and 12 per cent believed it should be set at 21 years or older. The poll results also highlight variations in support based on political affiliation. Among Labour voters, a notable 63 per cent are in favour of reform, while 66 per cent of New Zealand Party voters also support the proposed changes. In contrast, support drops to 51 per cent among National Party voters and is lowest at 39 per cent among Social Credit voters. This discrepancy indicates differing attitudes towards the reform within the various political landscapes in New Zealand. Overall, the poll reflects a changing perspective on homosexuality and the legal framework surrounding it in New Zealand, with the majority expressing a willingness to move towards more progressive laws regarding consensual same-sex relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850501_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850501.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483710400
7674,01,05,1985,"Thieves Lose Hand Each In Iran (Press, 1 May 1985)","In Tehran, five thieves have been punished with the amputation of one hand each as part of Iran's implementation of Islamic law. This severe punishment follows a judicial announcement made by Mortaza Moqtadaei, a spokesman for the supreme judicial council, detailing judicial actions over the nine months leading to January 1985. During this time, 160 individuals were flogged for various offenses including fornication, while one man received a death sentence for sodomy. Iran has been gradually extending the application of Islamic law since it was introduced two years prior. Notably, the country has recently revealed the use of an electric guillotine specifically designed for the amputation of thieves' hands. Furthermore, the judicial report highlighted that under the principle of “qessass”—a law rooted in the concept of retributive justice—19 murderers were executed. However, in 51 cases, the families of the victims opted for financial compensation, known as “blood money,” instead of demanding the death penalty. In addition to the punishment of thieves, two individuals involved in adultery were sentenced to death by stoning, underscoring the strict penal approach being enforced in Iran under the current judicial system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850501_2_211.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850501.2.211,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483710400
5548,02,05,1985,"‘Traditional’ Policies Wanted (Press, 2 May 1985)","The Canterbury-Westland divisional conference of the National Party, set for the weekend of 2 May 1985, is seeing significant calls for a return to traditional economic policies and philosophies. There are approximately 50 remits to be discussed, primarily revolving around economics and taxation, defence, and policy planning. One notable remit, proposed by the Ashburton electorate, emphasizes the importance of considering grassroots opinions and advocates a move back to a true private enterprise system with minimal government interference. Rangiora has suggested that the party should endorse several specific economic measures, including an expenditure-based tax system and a flexible exchange rate policy, along with a reduction in government involvement in private enterprises. Another remit stresses the need for the National Party to design an economic strategy and tax framework that rewards initiative and self-reliance. Several remits express opposition to the government's proposal for a goods and services tax, with similar sentiments regarding the new fringe benefit tax and any potential assets or capital taxes being voiced from other electorates. On the topic of defence, some remits urge the party to reaffirm New Zealand's commitment to A.N.Z.U.S. and to restore traditional defence arrangements. Ashburton has also called for negotiations towards creating a new Pacific alliance involving the United States, Australia, Japan, Canada, and New Zealand, and for measures to facilitate visits from military forces of friendly nations. The conference will tackle issues surrounding taxation and age eligibility for national superannuation, with expectations for them to be reassessed. In social welfare, remits suggest opposition to the Family Care scheme and a move towards a support system for only those in genuine need. Young Nationals have recommended that unemployment benefits be contingent on part-time training or work. Discussions on social policy have surfaced differing views, with the Selwyn electorate opposing alterations to laws governing homosexual activity, while Young Nationals propose legalising and licensing prostitution. Further remits advocate for stricter penalties for violent crimes and exploring methods to combat rape incidence. Agricultural policies are also under review, with calls for support for Rural Bank lending that would assist agricultural settlement and development. A request has been presented from the West Coast for government-funded investigations into deep-sea port proposals for the region. Approximately 140 delegates are expected to attend the two-day conference at the Hotel Ashburton. National Party leader Mr McLay and President Mrs Sue Wood will deliver keynote addresses. Each MP in the division will discuss their areas of responsibility, covering topics from health to defence. Additionally, an organisational report will highlight concerns around low membership and financial figures, attributed to difficulties in regaining ground following Labour taking office.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850502_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850502.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483796800
5550,02,05,1985,"Many Put Views On Reform Bill (Press, 2 May 1985)","On 2 May 1985, it was reported that the Parliamentary select committee examining the Homosexual Law Reform Bill had received over 2000 submissions and letters in response to the proposed legislation. The private member's bill aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults aged 16 and above. With the deadline for submissions having closed the previous Friday, the Statutes Revision Committee is set to begin its hearings the following week. Mr Gerry Rudd, the committee’s clerk, noted that around 500 submissions have been formally processed so far, with expectations that the processing would be completed shortly. A preliminary assessment indicated that submissions included more than 1000 individual letters. Dr Michael Cullen, the chairman of the Statutes Revision Committee, mentioned that approximately 150 individuals expressed their desire to present evidence in person to the committee regarding the bill. In order to manage the extensive number of submissions, the committee may group witnesses who have provided identical submissions. Dr Cullen anticipated that it would take several weeks to complete the hearings. Additionally, he indicated that if the hearings were not finished before the scheduled Parliamentary recess in June, the committee may consider convening for two or three days during the recess to continue their work on the bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850502_2_151_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850502.2.151.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483796800
5549,02,05,1985,"The Charming Smiths (Press, 2 May 1985)","The Smiths has released their latest album titled ""Meat Is Murder,"" which signifies a shift from their previous focus on 60’s films and television. The album's cover features a soldier with “Meat Is Murder” written on his helmet, marking a more serious tone than earlier works. Musically, while the band still retains the signature sound created by guitarist Johnny Marr's metallic twang, the overall sound of the album has become tougher and less immediately accessible compared to their debut. Lead singer Stephen Morrissey continues to portray the sensitive voice of the post-Culture Club generation, although some listeners may find his occasional campy falsetto irritating. The album delves deep into themes stemming from Morrissey’s troubled childhood, as evident in songs like “The Headmaster Ritual,” which reflects his bitter school experiences. The poignant lyrics convey a sense of bitterness towards authoritative figures, with lines discussing the ""belligerent ghouls"" in Manchester schools. Morrissey's exploration of his sexuality appears in ""I Want The One I Can’t Have,"" which includes a perplexing line about a young boy committing a serious crime that raises questions about the gentleness of his character. Another notable track, “Barbarism Begins At Home,” tackles the sensitive issue of child abuse with a genuine empathy that distinguishes it from other bands' treatment of similar subjects. While the album lacks the immediate catchy appeal of previous hits like “Heaven Knows I’m Miserable(!) Now,” the second side compensates with compelling tracks. The single ""How Soon Is Now,"" featured only on New Zealand pressings, marks a significant departure from their typical pop sound, utilizing a tremolo-laden epic approach that has found new fans through airplay on Radio U. Following it is ""Nowhere Fast,"" which contributes to the album’s reflective and introspective nature, leading into the emotive melody of ""Well I Wonder."" Overall, ""Meat Is Murder"" represents a bold evolution for The Smiths, who were often dismissed as merely ""wimpy popsters."" The album not only showcases their artistic growth but also highlights their ability to tackle substantial themes within their music, with songs like ""How Soon Is Now"" emphasizing their capacity for greater musical depth and complexity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850502_2_118_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850502.2.118.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483796800
5552,03,05,1985,"Church Repeats Homosexual Law Reform Support (Press, 3 May 1985)","On 3 May 1985, the Methodist Church reaffirmed its advocacy for the reform of homosexual law, particularly in light of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The Rev. Albert Grundy, the district superintendent of North Canterbury Methodist Churches, communicated this sentiment in a letter to ""The Press."" He acknowledged that while individual parishes had the right to oppose the bill, the Church's conference had consistently backed reform for the past 25 years. Grundy noted that the president of the Methodist Church had expressed support for the decriminalisation of private homosexual acts. He emphasised that although such legislative changes did not determine the moral standing of these acts, they would effectively remove homosexuals from a criminal classification. This reform, he argued, would foster a more humane and understanding perspective of homosexuals within society, shifting it away from one marked by judgement and indignation. Additionally, the president articulated that the legalisation of private homosexual acts should not be seen as a threat to family life, which he regarded as essential to Christian marriages. He asserted that the true way to fortify family structures lies in enhancing marriages rather than in criminalising homosexual actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850503_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850503.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483883200
5551,03,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 3 May 1985)","In response to the ongoing debate around the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand during 1985, a series of letters published in various New Zealand newspapers voiced strong opinions on the implications of legalising homosexuality. Varian J. Wilson expressed concern that the push for sexual equality overlooked potential dangers to young boys, suggesting that they are less protected under current laws compared to girls. He argued that while there may be a movement towards legalising consensual acts between adults, sexual equality as perceived by some advocates could lead to morally questionable practices. W. M. Parry added to the discourse by questioning the morality of changes in law, reflecting on a prior moral reform regarding abortion, which he suggested did not inherently make the act morally right even when legal. Parry implied that legislation does not equate to ethical validation, raising concerns about societal values in changing legal contexts. P. M. Wood highlighted the severe health implications associated with homosexuality, referencing a report from the British medical journal ""Lancet,"" which noted an alarming rise in AIDS cases. He referred to comments made by virologist Dr Paul Goldwater, who warned that lifestyle changes were necessary to combat the impending epidemic linked to the disease. Wood emphasised that a significant percentage of new AIDS cases were found among homosexuals, linking health concerns to the debate on the proposed law reform. Stan Wood’s letter discussed the complexities of love, suggesting that the English language fails to adequately capture its varied meanings, particularly in relation to marriage and sexual relationships. He critiqued those who advocate for homosexual rights, implying that individuals may misinterpret their desires as love while failing to acknowledge moral consequences. He raised the issue of personal integrity and adherence to moral principles, suggesting that a change in law might lead individuals to compromise their values. Overall, the letters reflect a tumultuous societal debate in New Zealand regarding homosexuality, sex, and morality, with contributors articulating fear about social consequences, health risks, and the philosophical implications of changing laws. The letters reveal a deep divide in public opinion, with many expressing apprehension about the potential for changed legal norms to redefine moral standards within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850503_2_115_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850503.2.115.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483883200
5553,04,05,1985,"Anti-tour Protests Peaceful (Press, 4 May 1985)","On 4 May 1985, thousands of protesters in New Zealand took to the streets to demonstrate against the South African rugby tour, marking a significant mobilization against the controversial visit. In Wellington, estimates of the crowd size varied, with organisers claiming around 25,000 participants, while police reported approximately 16,000. The peaceful march took around 26 minutes to pass a single point, with only one arrest made for disorderly conduct. The participants included a diverse group, with families, children, and disabled individuals, contrasting the more aggressive atmosphere of the 1981 Springbok tour, as no protective gear was seen among the demonstrators. Auckland also witnessed significant turnout, with crowd estimates ranging from 15,000 to 20,000 marching down Queen Street. The police maintained a visible presence at key locations, such as the Auckland Savings Bank, without incident, although there were minor disruptions caused by attempts to vandalize petitions related to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. In Dunedin, about 4,000 people participated in a peaceful march, twice the number from a similar protest in 1981. This group included children, the elderly, and individuals with disabilities. Police kept their presence discreet, and the march concluded without any serious incidents, despite some jeers from hotel patrons along the route. Palmerston North saw around 3,000 marchers, and while the protest was mainly peaceful, a few individuals faced disruption from egg-throwing by bystanders near a cinema. Invercargill had a smaller group of 200 anti-tour demonstrators, who were countered by 100 supporters. Incidents of egg-throwing occurred again, and two arrests were made for disorderly behaviour. Levin had about 400 participants in a march organized by a local Presbyterian minister in support of the anti-tour sentiment. Meanwhile, in Nelson, approximately 1,500 people joined a march led by an effigy of ""Ces Blazey and his 18 guilty men,"" indicating the strength of public opinion against the tour. This marked the largest protest in Nelson in several years, with participation exceeding the numbers seen during protests in 1981. The demonstrators marched silently and concluded with speeches and a street performance at the Church Steps, reflecting the widespread and organized resistance to the South African team's presence in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850504_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850504.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,483969600
5554,06,05,1985,"‘S.m.p.s Now On Children’ (Press, 6 May 1985)","At the National Party conference held in Ashburton on the weekend of 4-5 May 1985, chairman Neville Young delivered a strong critique of the Labour Government's economic policies, claiming they prioritised payments for children over traditional agricultural supports. Young compared current government actions to previous policies, asserting that the Labour Government was using market principles in a manner that undermined personal freedoms and economic stability. He argued that while the National Government had offered supplementary minimum prices (S.M.P.s) for sheep to aid farmers, the Labour Government's Family Care initiative effectively replaced these payments with support for families. He cautioned that such subsidies could entrap recipients in low-income scenarios, preventing them from increasing their earnings without losing their benefits. To further emphasise his point, Young questioned the government’s promises regarding national superannuation and the effects of the newly introduced goods and services tax (GST). He expressed skepticism over whether the promised tax relief would materialise and highlighted concerns regarding potential overspending of GST revenues across various national priorities. The conference served as a moment for the party to reflect on a tumultuous year, which included a significant electoral defeat and internal dissent. Young noted that despite the challenges, the party was rejuvenated and ready to compete in future elections. Throughout the two-day event, which attracted about 185 attendees, there was a noticeable absence of internal conflict despite expectations of dissent, particularly concerning issues like the Sunday Club. Several key remits were adopted during the conference, including calls to reassess national superannuation, oppose the proposed GST, and reject the Family Care scheme. Delegates unanimously supported voluntary unionism and debated the controversial topic of legalising prostitution, with a narrow vote in favour of licensing. In conclusion, the conference represented a moment for the National Party to consolidate its position, address critical issues, and strategise for upcoming electoral challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850506_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850506.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484142400
5555,06,05,1985,"Call To Pay Benefit In Food Vouchers (Press, 6 May 1985)","The National Party’s Otago-Southland divisional conference, held in Invercargill on 3 and 4 May 1985, is set to discuss a range of remits, including a proposal for child allowances to be issued as clothing and food vouchers. This remit, presented by the Invercargill electorate branch, suggests replacing the current family benefit and Family Care allowance of $10 per week, allowing families to save these vouchers for more significant purchases like clothing. Among the 21 remits up for consideration, the conference will feature addresses by the party’s leader, Mr McLay, and president, Mrs Sue Wood. Significant discussions will also occur regarding social issues, with the St Kilda and Otago electorates pushing for strong opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Meanwhile, the Waitaki and Invercargill electorates advocate for New Zealand to maintain full participation in the A.N.Z.U.S. alliance. Additional remits include proposals for tax exemptions related to the Family Care programme for taxpayers with dependents under 16, as well as calls for better sea transport services between Bluff and Stewart Island. There is also a request for the enforcement of censorship laws to regulate the distribution of pornographic videos, to abolish the fringe benefits tax, and to promote a non-interventionist approach by the State in international sporting relations. Furthermore, the Waitaki electorate seeks an investigation into road-user charges from a user-pays standpoint, while Invercargill and Young Nationals members aim for a review of the goods and services tax. The Wallace and Clutha electorates desire a comprehensive examination of National Superannuation and its taxation. Lastly, the Young Nationals are advocating for a streamlined training programme for the unemployed, proposing that the unemployment benefit be standardised and available exclusively to those committed to 15 to 20 hours of part-time vocational work or work-based training each week. This array of proposals reflects the diverse concerns and priorities of the party’s members within the Otago-Southland region.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850506_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850506.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484142400
5556,06,05,1985,"Cities Lose To Provinces (Press, 6 May 1985)","During the weekend of 4-5 May 1985, the Wellington division of the National Party held its annual conference, resulting in a shift in control towards representatives from the provinces rather than Wellington city. Most key positions, including the chairman and both deputy chairmen, were filled by individuals from outside the metropolitan area. The conference theme emphasised the need to ""win back the cities,"" especially considering that ten out of the region's 25 electorates are situated in Wellington and the Hutt Valley. A key speaker at the conference was Heather Shotter, the head of the Young Nationals, who passionately urged the party to reclaim the youth and women's votes that had shifted away to the New Zealand Party and Labour Party, respectively. She attributed the loss of these voters to the government's neglect of pressing social issues, using the example of education where she lamented a focus on raising flags instead of improving teaching quality. Shotter's criticism highlighted a perceived inadequacy in the National Government's social policies, stating, ""You can't sell an empty paper bag."" While younger delegates, primarily from urban areas, resonated with her message, the conference ultimately opted for older candidates who did not necessarily align with the younger delegates' aspirations for progressive change. Dr John Miller, representing Wellington Central, urged attention to critical issues such as the All Black tour of South Africa, homosexual law reform, and education, which had been ignored in discussions. However, the majority of delegates sided with Bill Mathewson from Hastings, who suggested prioritising ""bread and butter issues"" like superannuation and taxation. As a result, contentious issues, including the performance of party leader Jim McLay and the future of chief executive Barrie Leay, were largely sidelined. Delegates seemed willing to rally behind McLay’s optimistic rhetoric about Labour's failings, believing that party unity was essential to oust Labour in the 1987 elections. Unfortunately, this unified front came at the expense of substantive discussions or policy formulations aimed at recapturing urban voters, leaving the conference with little focus on addressing the party's image in cities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850506_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850506.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484142400
5557,06,05,1985,"Council Votes For Right To Discriminate (Press, 6 May 1985)","On 6 May 1985, the Auckland City Council made a controversial decision to reject an amendment aimed at prohibiting discrimination against employees based on sexual orientation. The council voted 11-9 against the proposed amendment by Mr Richard Northey, a Labour councillor and member of Parliament for Mt Eden. The amendment sought to add ""sexual orientation"" to the list of prohibited discrimination grounds outlined in the council’s employment handbook, which already included race, colour, national or ethnic origin, sex, marital status, and religious or political beliefs. The Mayor, Dame Catherine Tizard, who supports the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, backed Mr Northey's proposal, expressing her disappointment at any potential discrimination against employees of minority sexual orientations. She highlighted that there are already individuals with diverse sexual orientations employed by the council, asserting that personnel decisions should be based solely on merit and ability. However, opposition arose within the council regarding the amendment. Deputy Mayor Mr John Strevens argued against it, stating that while he did not see sexual orientation as the most critical factor, it could be considered a valid reason for discrimination, akin to discrimination based on a person's appearance. Additionally, Cr Barrie Hutchinson criticized the term “sexual preference,” stating it was too ambiguous and could lead to justifications for various unacceptable behaviours. Despite the support for the amendment from the Mayor and others advocating for non-discrimination, the council ultimately decided to maintain its current stance, retaining the right to discriminate on the grounds of sexual orientation. This decision aligned with the thoughtful reasoning of some council members who believed that the complexities of sexual orientation should be approached with care and caution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850506_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850506.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484142400
5562,07,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 7 May 1985)","A series of letters published in May 1985 express diverse perspectives on the ongoing debate regarding homosexuality and proposed legal reforms in New Zealand. Paul Maling argues for the necessity of changing the law, asserting that the law should not impose moral judgments, as highlighted by judicial remarks about the distinction between law and morals. He references ancient Greek practices regarding homosexual relationships with young males, suggesting that such relationships aimed to inspire noble qualities and could potentially rectify social issues in modern contexts like South Africa. T. Wainwright counters the opposition to homosexuality, highlighting societal fears about recognising same-sex relationships. He criticises certain religious figures who expend significant effort opposing this recognition while seemingly neglecting more pressing societal issues such as racial injustice and domestic violence. Wainwright suggests that the fragility of traditional patriarchal structures, as indicated by the fear of legal recognition of same-sex love, is rooted in insecurity rather than genuine moral rectitude. E. R. L. Wilson points out the misuse of the term ""natural"" regarding homosexuality, distinguishing between its descriptive and evaluative meanings. He notes that homosexual behaviour is observed in various animal species and human societies, affirming its natural occurrence. He questions the values held by those who deem homosexuality unnatural, suggesting that such views are subjective and reflect personal biases rather than absolute truths. B. Kroon expresses deep concern about the government’s approach to what he perceives as a moral crisis rather than a nuclear threat. He argues that legislation concerning homosexuality, sex education, and other social issues is an assault on the nuclear family, which he believes is fundamental to society. Kroon questions why matters relating to family are treated as conscience issues in Parliament while nuclear policies receive definitive governmental stances. Collectively, these letters reflect a rich, contentious dialogue in New Zealand regarding the intersection of law, morality, and sexual orientation, highlighting the tension between traditional values and the push for reform in the societal understanding of homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850507_2_91_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850507.2.91.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484228800
5558,07,05,1985,"Mr Mclay Rejects Bill (Press, 7 May 1985)","On 6 May 1985, Opposition Leader Mr McLay expressed strong opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill currently under consideration by Parliament. In an interview published in the “Dominion” newspaper, he stated that he personally finds homosexuality “abhorrent” and believes that landlords should have the right to evict homosexuals and employers should be able to refuse them jobs based on their sexual orientation. The bill seeks to prevent discrimination against individuals on the basis of their sexual orientation, which Mr McLay deemed “quite unacceptable.” He claimed that feedback from his electorate was overwhelmingly against the bill, with a ratio of approximately 10 to 1 opposed. However, he noted that even if the majority of his electorate supported the bill, he would not necessarily vote in favour of it. He highlighted that the bill would grant homosexuality status under the Human Rights Commission Act, which he argued could criminalise those who genuinely believe homosexuality is a sin. He remarked that many individuals in the community hold these beliefs sincerely. Earlier, Mr McLay had stated in the House of Representatives that he might have supported a 1974 reform bill proposed by MP Mr Venn Young, which aimed solely to decriminalise homosexual acts without addressing discrimination. However, he clarified that his support for Young's bill was contingent upon a review of his position. He specifically disagreed with the bill's provision setting the age of consent for homosexuals at 16, arguing that this age was too low. He believed that such a provision implied that homosexual behaviour over a certain age would be considered normal or acceptable, a notion he firmly rejected. Former Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon also publicly opposed the current bill in his weekly column for the “Auckland Star.” He noted that while he had supported Mr Young’s original bill, he would vote against the current Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which he felt extended beyond mere decriminalisation to normalising homosexual behaviour as an alternative lifestyle, a stance he could not support. The debate surrounding the bill continues to elicit strong reactions from various political figures and the public, highlighting the contentious issues surrounding homosexuality and discrimination in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850507_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850507.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484228800
5561,07,05,1985,"Protest Crowds (Press, 7 May 1985)","In a letter to the editor dated 6 May 1985, Alan Wilkinson expresses his concerns regarding the crowd estimates reported for recent protests in New Zealand. He attended both an anti-tour rally and a rally against homosexual law reform, which took place in Cathedral Square. Wilkinson challenges the crowd figures provided by the publication, arguing that the estimate of 4,000 to 6,000 protesters at the anti-tour demonstration is inaccurate. He believes that the number of participants at the anti-tour rally far exceeded that of the earlier homosexual law reform protest, suggesting that there were five to ten times more attendees at the former. Wilkinson acknowledges the challenges in accurately estimating crowd sizes and urges readers to consider the potential for significant errors in such estimates. His letter highlights the importance of human rights issues in New Zealand and draws a parallel to the situation in South Africa.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850507_2_91_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850507.2.91.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484228800
5560,07,05,1985,"The Press Tuesday, May 7, 1985. Timaru A Test For... (Press, 7 May 1985)","The sudden death of Sir Basil Arthur presents a significant challenge for the Labour Government and Parliament, particularly in selecting his successor as Speaker of the House. Sir Basil’s deputy, John Terris, lacks the support of the Opposition, leading to a potentially contentious election process. The Labour Government is under pressure as it faces a by-election for the Timaru seat left vacant by Sir Basil, a situation that could complicate its legislative agenda. Sir Basil had a strong personal following, evidenced by his majority of over 2200 votes in the last General Election, but this majority cannot be considered safe given the current volatile political climate. His passing represents further disconnection between the Labour Government and its trade union roots, as the party has shifted toward a more professional and middle-class approach in recent years. This change is highlighted by ongoing tensions with the Federation of Labour over economic policies. By-elections often provide a platform for voters to express dissatisfaction with the ruling government, and the current Labour Government is particularly vulnerable. Unfulfilled promises, the mishandling of national superannuation, rising prices and interest rates, and contentious social issues are all likely to weigh heavily on the Government’s chances in Timaru. A 5.6 per cent swing in voter sentiment could see the seat transition to the National Party, a possibility that is not out of reach. The Government's internal dynamics also could be affected, as many members are currently serving with slim majorities. A poor performance in Timaru may raise concerns among Labour caucus members about their standings and the Cabinet's ability to respond to an electorate disillusioned with recent policy changes. For the National Party, the Timaru by-election represents a crucial opportunity to regain momentum following their defeat in the previous election. Leader Mr McLay is keen to improve relations within the party and needs to demonstrate that National can offer better economic policies, even though the party has reduced options for distinct policy changes. The presence of the New Zealand Party, which previously garnered 8 per cent of the vote in Timaru, adds another layer of competition for the National Party, which is also looking to reclaim support from disillusioned voters. The minor parties will also be active in this by-election, with the New Zealand Party seeking to improve upon its initial results and Social Credit aiming to regain lost ground. Overall, the Timaru by-election poses a challenging test for all political parties, impacting not only the immediate political landscape but also the forthcoming General Election as parties prepare to navigate the shifting electoral sentiments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850507_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850507.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484228800
5559,07,05,1985,"Topics For Labour Youth (Press, 7 May 1985)","Labour Youth is set to hold its annual national conference in Christchurch from May 18 to May 20, 1985, where key topics, notably the proposed homosexual law reform and the All Blacks' tour of South Africa, will be debated. The president of Labour Youth, Callum Reid, emphasised the importance of the conference as a platform for party members to prepare remits and policy papers that will be discussed during the event. A significant focus will be on the Government's economic policy, with Finance Minister Roger Douglas scheduled to address attendees on May 19. Reid noted that the Labour Party is currently engaged in discussions regarding the Government's economic programme, highlighting that Labour Youth's aim is to represent the interests of young people and examine how the Government's policies are impacting them. The conference will also explore other critical issues, including the concept of conscience voting, potential changes to the education and social welfare systems, as well as ongoing discussions surrounding constitutional and electoral law reform and foreign policy matters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850507_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850507.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484228800
5563,08,05,1985,"M.P.s’ Attitudes Tougher On Homosexual Law (Press, 8 May 1985)","In Wellington, as of 8 May 1985, attitudes among the 94 members of the New Zealand Parliament regarding homosexual law reform are becoming more entrenched. All members will participate in a conscience vote on the legislation once it returns from public consideration, where it has undergone scrutiny from a select committee due to the numerous submissions received. The bill, introduced by Labour MP Fran Wilde from Wellington Central, aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults, redefine “adult” as a male aged 16 or older, and amend Human Rights legislation to prohibit discrimination against homosexuals. Although there is a clear majority in support of the bill's introduction to Parliament, the likelihood of it remaining in its original, liberal form seems diminished. Two primary factors are influencing this shift. Firstly, a national petition opposing the legislation has garnered significant public backing, bolstering resistance to any changes in the law. This growing public sentiment is expected to affect MPs, particularly those who hold neutral views on the matter. Secondly, the issue appears to be increasingly polarising along party lines, despite an agreement to allow MPs to vote based on individual beliefs rather than party discipline. Prime Minister David Lange is in favour of some reform, while Opposition Leader Roger McLay is firmly against it, reflecting the prevailing views within their respective Labour and National parties. Mathematically, the dominance of Labour members suggests that if a majority of Labour MPs and some National members favour reform while most National MPs oppose it, a reform package could still pass, though it will likely not be as revolutionary as Ms Wilde's proposal. Changes to the Human Rights legislation may not be included, and the age of consent might be raised from 16 to 18 or even 20 years. Responses from Parliament members show a divide, with many National MPs openly opposing reform, while most Labour members express some level of support. Opposition to reform has been noted from MPs such as Doug Kidd, Robin Gray, Bill Birch, Roger McLay, and Bruce Townsend, whereas support for some reform emerges from figures like Ruth Richardson and Simon Upton. Among Labour members, the sentiment is more mixed; while many support reform, there are concerns about the age of consent and the proposed Human Rights amendments. Notably, MPs like Mike Moore are sceptical about the effectiveness of any legislative changes. With ongoing discussions, it appears that while a simple majority might favour decriminalising homosexual acts between consenting adults over a certain age, the debate is complex, reflecting both moral considerations and legal implications. There is a noted lack of awareness and misinformation regarding the bill, with calls for more public education on the subject.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850508_2_150.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850508.2.150,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484315200
5565,09,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 9 May 1985)","In a series of letters published in response to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand, various viewpoints have emerged, revealing a contentious debate surrounding homosexuality and legal rights. Mr Jim McLay, the Parliamentary leader, has publicly declared his opposition to the bill, which has led to significant criticism from multiple correspondents. Ben Smith questions McLay's rationale, arguing that if individuals can discriminate based on personal beliefs, then historical prejudices, such as those held by Mormons against black people, would also need to be justified. Smith's letter suggests that McLay's stance reflects a dangerous precedent in supporting discrimination based on one's beliefs about morality. Colin Brown, a representative from the University of Canterbury, is noted for providing what some consider a balanced perspective on Christianity's relationship with homosexuality. He argues that there are diverse Christian views on the matter, rather than a monolithic stance. However, Ian D. Spicer expresses frustration with repetitive opinions in the media, particularly criticizing Varian J. Wilson for lacking originality and insight in the discussions. Ross Edgar expresses his disbelief at McLay’s commitment to opposing the bill, particularly the implications of denying basic rights, which he believes undermines democracy. He sarcastically suggests that McLay's next actions should involve measures to control the lives of gay individuals, reflecting a deep concern for human rights. K. Orr counters Brown’s arguments, asserting that a true Christian perspective should align with scripture and natural law, rejecting Brown's reasoning as mere opinion that does not reflect ""God's plan."" Orr claims that the natural order ordained that men were made for women, suggesting that accepting homosexual acts, even when framed as ""caring,"" distorts moral truth. Mark D. Sadler presents another facet of the discussion, advocating for legal tolerance towards homosexuals but insists on mutual respect from the LGBTQ+ community towards those who do not share their orientation. He argues against the necessity of the anti-discrimination clause in the bill, claiming there is little evidence of significant job discrimination faced by homosexuals and describing the bill as potentially harmful. These letters reflect a heated public discourse regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, highlighting concerns over discrimination, interpretation of religious beliefs, and the social dynamics between different sexual orientations. The debate showcases both the opposition to and the support for the reform, reflecting a society grappling with issues of equality and rights as it moves towards legislative changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850509_2_78_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850509.2.78.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484401600
5566,09,05,1985,"Many Pressured Into Signing Petition — M.P. (Press, 9 May 1985)","On 9 May 1985, Fran Wilde, the member of Parliament for Wellington Central and proponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, raised concerns regarding reports of pressure applied to individuals throughout New Zealand to sign a petition against the legislation. During an interview on Radio New Zealand’s ""Morning Report,"" Wilde cited a letter from a worker at the Marsden Point Refinery expansion site, which drew attention to the issue of coercion. She commented that this was just one instance among numerous allegations she had received about the campaign opposing the bill. Wilde revealed that individuals were being pressured in various environments to sign the petition, including workplaces, schools, and hospitals. She mentioned a specific report indicating that an individual in a supervisory role allegedly communicated a direct threat to workers: those who failed to sign the petition would be transferred to a different area of the project with reduced pay. Wilde stated, “Frankly, it seems to me that the whole thing has got completely out of hand,” expressing her alarm at the extent of the reported coercion. In response to these claims, Sir Peter Tait, one of the organisers of the petition, defended the integrity of the signature collection process. He asserted that canvassers were instructed to respect individuals' wishes when approached for signatures, and he emphasised that harassment was not tolerated. Tait acknowledged that with over half a million signatures gathered, there would likely be a small number of instances of misconduct, but he insisted that he had not received any complaints regarding harassment. He indicated that although the petitioners lacked the authority to prosecute individuals for coercion, they were committed to discarding any signatures that were obtained under duress. The controversy surrounding the petition highlighted the broader social tensions regarding the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, reflecting a deeply divided opinion within New Zealand at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850509_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850509.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484401600
5568,09,05,1985,"Mr Mclay ‘confused’ On ‘gay’ Bill (Press, 9 May 1985)","On 9 May 1985, Mr McLay, the Leader of the Opposition, faced criticism regarding his inconsistent stance on homosexual law reform. Mr Philip Hale, the justice spokesman for the New Zealand Party, highlighted that Mr McLay's mixed messages may be the reason for his poor polling results. Hale noted that in a short span, McLay had shown contradictory positions: he initially supported Ms Fran Wilde’s homosexual law reform bill but later expressed his intention not to support it. Subsequently, he stated his backing for homosexual law reform, followed by a declaration of his opposition to it. Most recently, McLay indicated he would consult with his electorate before making a definitive decision on the matter. Hale's comments suggest that McLay's indecisiveness on this crucial issue has left voters confused and may have impacted his political standing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850509_2_144_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850509.2.144.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484401600
5567,09,05,1985,"Rapid Spread Of A.I.D.S. Noted In Africa (Press, 9 May 1985)","An international conference held in Cairo has highlighted the alarming spread of AIDS in Africa, particularly in the central and eastern regions of the continent. According to reports from the London newspaper ""Observer,"" nine countries are currently facing serious AIDS outbreaks, with some areas experiencing extremely high rates of infection. For example, in urban centres of Zaire, it is estimated that one in ten people may carry the virus. A study conducted in Uganda revealed that 20 per cent of sampled individuals were carriers of the virus. Dr Fakhry Assaad, who is the director of communicable disease control for the World Health Organisation, expressed concerns about the situation, stating that ""quite frankly, we don’t know what is happening."" He indicated that there might be unique factors contributing to the rapid spread of AIDS in Africa. Initially emerging in the Caribbean and among homosexual communities, the AIDS virus, formally termed acquired immune deficiency syndrome, weakens the immune system, making individuals vulnerable to other diseases. The disease has since been transmitted through various means, including blood transfusions. The ""Observer"" article pointed out that AIDS is widely acknowledged as a major health issue in Zaire, Rwanda, and Burundi, and is expanding in Uganda and the Congo. Meanwhile, countries like Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola are experiencing early stages of the outbreak. However, many of these nations are hesitant to disclose information regarding the extent of the outbreaks, fearing potential adverse effects on their vital tourism industries. To address the situation, a special conference focusing on AIDS in Africa is slated to take place in October, organised under the auspices of the World Health Organisation. As the AIDS crisis escalates across the continent, the outcomes of this conference may prove critical in developing strategies to control the disease and mitigate its impact on affected populations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850509_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850509.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484401600
5564,09,05,1985,"World Vision Campaigns (Press, 9 May 1985)","In a letter published on 9 May 1985, R. Palmer expressed concern over World Vision's involvement in political actions, specifically regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. Palmer accused World Vision of prioritising its public image and relationships with oppressive governments over genuine commitment to alleviating poverty. The letter pointed out past instances, such as in 1979 when Corso, a humanitarian organisation, faced backlash for its political stance on poverty in New Zealand. Palmer questioned whether media outlets, particularly “The Press”, would comment on World Vision's current political engagement. She argued that World Vision's actions could be seen as a punitive measure against an already discriminated community. In response, Alan Bell, the director of World Vision, clarified the organisation's position regarding its donor list, stating that it has never disclosed such information to individuals or organisations. He explained that the mailing list in question, which Palmer referred to, derived from readily available public sources like telephone directories and advertisements. Thus, with the release of this information, Bell asserted that they would treat the churches’ mailing list with the same confidentiality as their donor list moving forward. He dismissed Palmer’s accusations of political bias against World Vision, refuting the validity of her claims.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850509_2_78_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850509.2.78.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484401600
5569,10,05,1985,"Mr Mclay Upsets 'gay’ Unionists (Press, 10 May 1985)","On 10 May 1985, homosexual workers in Auckland expressed their concerns to at least one union about comments made by the Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay. He made statements suggesting that landlords should have the authority to evict homosexuals and that employers should have the freedom to deny jobs to homosexual individuals. These remarks prompted a wave of complaints and phone calls to the Hotel Workers’ Union from workers within the hospitality industry who felt aggrieved by Mr McLay's stance. A union spokesperson highlighted the significant number of homosexual workers in the hospitality sector, indicating that while the union did not have an official policy regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, the concerns raised by its members were taken seriously.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850510_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850510.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484488000
5572,11,05,1985,"Attitudes Against Women (Press, 11 May 1985)","In a letter published on 11 May 1985, J. Ngarimu responds to a conversation between Jacqueline Steincamp and sociologist Geoff Fougere that addressed negative attitudes towards women in the rugby community. Ngarimu suggests that Steincamp could have extended her analysis to link these attitudes to the presence of repressed homosexuality within the rugby fraternity. He refers to Michael Neill's foreword for Greg McGee's play ""Foreskin's Lament,"" which alludes to these themes of hidden homosexual feelings among male athletes. Ngarimu points out that the sport's intense focus on masculinity creates an environment where homosexuals may feel compelled to conceal their identities. He notes that from his own experiences as both a player and a supporter, he is aware of several prominent rugby officials who are gay, highlighting the sport's culture as a cover for those who do not openly identify as homosexual. Ngarimu expresses shame about his past participation in the sport, emphasising the complex dynamics of masculinity and sexuality in rugby culture.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850511_2_102_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850511.2.102.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484574400
5573,11,05,1985,"Forster’s ‘india’ Remains Elusive (Press, 11 May 1985)","E. M. Forster's novel ""A Passage to India"" has been reprinted following the release of David Lean's film adaptation. Initially published in 1924, the novel critically examines Anglo-Indian relations during colonial rule, drawing from Forster's personal experiences and deep connections with Indian culture. His early interactions with Indian students during his stint as a tutor significantly influenced the narrative and character development in the book. Notably, his romantic feelings for one of his students, Syed Ross Massood, inform the relationship between the characters Fielding and Aziz in the story. The novel's creation was fraught with difficulty; Forster struggled for a decade with his writing, often abandoning the manuscript. He expressed doubts about the characters' appeal and the overall coherence of the story, noting in his diaries that he found it challenging to synthesise his experiences into a compelling narrative. Nonetheless, by its completion, Forster felt a sense of accomplishment, deeming the final product worthy. Upon publication, ""A Passage to India"" was viewed as a political commentary, stirring discussions about its depiction of colonial life and events in India, notably in relation to a libel case against a prominent Indian author. While some have scrutinised Forster's portrayal of ""Club Life,"" the author defended the narrative and the authenticity of its incidents. The plot revolves around the visit of Adela Quested, a young Englishwoman, and her prospective mother-in-law, Mrs. Moore, to India. There, they are invited by Dr. Aziz to the Marabar Caves. A moment of crisis occurs when Adela believes she has been assaulted by Aziz, leading to a trial that polarises the English and Indian communities. The mystery surrounding the alleged assault remains unresolved, underscoring Forster's assertion that India is filled with complexity and ambiguity. Forster intended the novel to explore broader themes beyond politics, such as the human search for understanding and connection in a diverse and often chaotic universe. He articulates a philosophical inquiry into how different cultures and beliefs coexist, particularly between Mrs. Moore's interpretation of Christianity and the various Indian perspectives represented by Aziz and other characters. Ultimately, ""A Passage to India"" poses profound questions about the nature of connection and understanding in a multifaceted world. Forster's reflections in a programme note for a dramatic adaptation of the novel encapsulate the essence of his work: it grapples with the human condition in an incomprehensibly varied universe, striving for meaning amidst the mysteries of life in India. The novel remains open to interpretation, evoking a rich tapestry of cultural dialogue and human experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850511_2_105_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850511.2.105.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484574400
5571,11,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 11 May 1985)","In a letter to the editor, Heather Thrasher criticises an outdated law that criminalises same-sex love, arguing that its flaws are increasingly evident. She believes it is more appropriate to create laws that penalise acts of hatred and violence, regardless of the justification from historical figures or religious texts. Thrasher expresses frustration with ignorance surrounding this issue, citing a pamphlet she encountered in a local store that perpetuates harmful myths about homosexuality, symbolised by a pink triangle, which was used by the Nazis to identify homosexuals during the Holocaust. Another correspondent, Keith Wignall, responds to previous opinions on the morality surrounding homosexuality. Wignall asserts that the views presented are merely personal opinions, held by a minority that is often limited in perspective. He challenges the authority of “Christian tradition” that has historically included acts of violence against perceived enemies, suggesting that moral codes vary among cultures and thus should not dictate legality. He insists the debate should focus on the legal status of homosexuality rather than moral implications. W. Van Kessel contributes to the discourse by highlighting a critical concern related to the AIDS epidemic. He observes that discussions in support of Fran Wilde's bill to decriminalise homosexuality frequently omit mention of AIDS, which has a significant impact on the homosexual community. Van Kessel references a recent article noting the alarming rates of HIV infection in Africa, warning that many individuals may be carriers without showing symptoms for years. He points out that a large percentage of AIDS victims in the United States are homosexual, stressing the importance of considering public health in the debates surrounding sexual orientation and legislation. These opinions reflect a broader conversation occurring in May 1985 about the intersection of law, morality, public health, and societal attitudes toward homosexuality, revealing the challenges faced by the LGBTQ+ community in the context of prevailing prejudices and health crises.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850511_2_102_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850511.2.102.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484574400
5570,11,05,1985,"Probation Officers Back Bill (Press, 11 May 1985)","On 11 May 1985, the Association of Probation Officers in New Zealand expressed its full support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. During their recent annual meeting, the association, led by president Mr Eric Coyle, passed a remit urging members of Parliament to vote in favour of the legislation. Mr Coyle noted that while there are differing opinions in the community regarding the bill, it aims to extend the same respect and legal protections to homosexual individuals that heterosexuals currently receive. He highlighted the association’s code of ethics, which emphasizes the inherent value and dignity of every person, regardless of their background, identity, or societal contributions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850511_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850511.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484574400
7280,13,05,1985,"A.I.D.S. Risk In Beauty Therapy (Press, 13 May 1985)","The president of the New Zealand Beauty Association, Miss Giselle Trezevant, has raised concerns about the potential spread of the A.I.D.S virus due to careless practices among beauty therapists operating in unregulated environments. Published on 13 May 1985, her comments addressed the risks associated with treatments like electrolysis, leg waxing, ear piercing, and hair plucking, which may involve skin puncturing and could lead to contamination if hygiene protocols are not strictly adhered to. Miss Trezevant highlighted that while trained therapists follow rigorous sterilisation practices, there are numerous practitioners who are self-taught or have received inadequate training from sub-standard institutions overseas. This raises alarms regarding the safety of such beauty services. She noted the prevalence of home electrolysis kits sold in New Zealand, which allows anyone to start a home-based beauty business without proper qualifications. This lack of regulation poses a significant risk to clients, particularly regarding the reuse of needles in electrolysis, which are costly and often not disposed of properly. Furthermore, Ms Kate Lesley, chair of the A.I.D.S Support Network Trust Board, echoed the concerns about the potential transmission of A.I.D.S through beauty treatments where blood may be drawn. She acknowledged that although there have not been documented cases of A.I.D.S contracted from beauty therapies, therapists must exercise exceptional caution in their practices to minimise any health risks. Overall, the commentary from both women underlines a significant public health concern regarding the regulation and hygiene standards within the beauty therapy industry in New Zealand, especially as it relates to the handling of blood and potential infection from A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850513_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850513.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484747200
5577,13,05,1985,"Claims On ‘gay’ Rights Education Dismissed (Press, 13 May 1985)","In Wellington, Education Minister Mr Marshall has dismissed claims made by opponents of homosexual law reform regarding the contents of a new health syllabus for schools. These claims, publicised by the Coalition of Concerned Citizens through a series of newspaper advertisements, raised concerns about what children would be taught concerning homosexuality. The advertisements posed three questions that suggested children at various educational levels would learn that homosexual relationships are a valid and healthy lifestyle, that self-discovery involves embracing homosexual desires, and that birth control is irrelevant in same-sex relationships. Mr Marshall refuted these claims, stating that the assertion that the new syllabus promotes a positive view of homosexual relationships is unfounded. He clarified that the exact phrase ""homosexual relationships are a valid, positive, and healthy alternative lifestyle"" does not appear in any educational materials developed by the Education Department. Furthermore, he outlined that while the revised health syllabus includes elements of sex education for students in Forms 1 and above, there is no such formal education for children before that age. He further elaborated that while secondary schools have more freedom in determining their sex education content, school principals and boards of governors remain accountable to their communities, which influences their educational decisions. Mr Marshall warned that inflammatory and inaccurate statements from opponents of the homosexual law reform only serve to undermine their credibility and dilute the seriousness of their arguments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850513_2_209.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850513.2.209,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484747200
5575,13,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 13 May 1985)","In response to articles published in ""The Press"" regarding issues of homosexuality and related legal reforms, several letters to the editor have raised concerns and critiques. J. Ngarimu questions Mark D. Sadler's claims that ""incidents of homosexual enticement and near rape"" are common experiences for male teenagers, arguing that there is no evidence to support such a statement. Ngarimu further criticises the notion that without amendments to a proposed bill, it would favour ""the aggressive homosexual,"" suggesting that aggressive behaviour occurs across sexual orientations without calling for the outlawing of heterosexuality. M. H. Broughton adds to the discourse by challenging the concept of ""consenting adults."" He contends that teenagers, particularly those around the age of 16, are often not fully matured, and emotional immaturity can lead to unhealthy expressions of same-sex attraction. Broughton expresses concern that if the bill is passed, young adolescents may be susceptible to manipulation or exploitation by older individuals, deeming the phrase ""consenting adults"" inappropriate for discussions about homosexuality and advocating for its removal from the legislative framework. Additionally, A.D. Carstairs addresses Dr David Stewart's comments on AIDS and the implications of homosexual law reform. Carstairs warns that a legal environment which forces homosexuals into secrecy could exacerbate the spread of AIDS, pointing out that current laws inhibit safer sexual practices among the gay community. He cites the views of international AIDS experts who have indicated that such a legal framework in New Zealand may hinder AIDS prevention efforts and accelerate its transmission into the heterosexual community. Carstairs argues that the suggestion that homosexual individuals are incapable of following safe sex advice is not only inaccurate but also demeaning. These letters collectively reflect a range of opinions on the legal and societal implications of homosexuality, revealing a spectrum of concerns surrounding personal freedom, maturity, and public health. Through this debate, the writers highlight the complexities of sexual orientation, maturity, and the role of legal frameworks in moderating behaviour and protecting vulnerable populations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850513_2_98_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850513.2.98.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484747200
7608,13,05,1985,"Making Ft Happen (Press, 13 May 1985)","The Minister of Consumer Affairs, Margaret Shields, will address the annual meeting of the Christchurch branch of the Society for Research on Women (S.R.O.W.) on May 23, 1985, at 7.45 p.m. This meeting will be held at the Registry Building, located at the corner of Montreal and Worcester Streets. Shields is a former national president of the organisation. Additionally, an organisation dedicated to supporting mothers and families in distress will hold its seventy-seventh Annual Meeting on May 15 at 2 p.m. in the Chamber of Commerce building. Reports will be delivered by social workers and the organisation's president, and a guest speaker from Maatua Whangai, which provides emergency housing for teenagers and aids in job placement for youth working with the courts, will also present. Attendance is open to all. In preparation for the upcoming Women’s Decade Festival scheduled from May 31 to June 3, registration forms can be collected from public libraries and the Women’s Bookshop. Bumper stickers promoting the festival are available for women wishing to support the initiative, with inquiries directed to the phone number 63-063. The Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA) has announced a series of mid-year courses catering to women in the north-west area. Programme offerings include Introduction to Naturopathy, Stress Management, Assertiveness Training, Herbalism, Soft Toy Making, Yoga, and Computer Awareness, which will be held at Riccarton High School. Interested individuals can reach out to Vera Larsen, the women’s Resource Officer, at phone number 63-063 for more details. On the educational front, the Polytechnic is offering a Women’s Studies course on Fridays from 9.30 a.m. to noon, from May 31 to July 5. The course will cover significant issues faced by women through videos and discussions. Another course titled New Opportunities will take place on Thursdays, from 9.30 a.m. to 2 p.m., at Hornby Family Centre, from June 6 to July 11, focusing on confidence building and resource availability for women. For more information, interested parties can contact 798-150, ext. 8019. The A.D.A.R.D.S. Society is organising a lunchtime discussion on May 16 from 12.30 to 2 p.m. at the Health Planning and Research Unit, addressing “Activities for sufferers” of Alzheimer’s Disease. Given that the majority of caregivers in these situations are women, the event aims to provide supportive insights. Participants are encouraged to bring their lunch. A quote by Joyce Brothers concludes the article, stating that self-love and respect are fundamental for treating others positively and achieving goals with greater ease. Items for consideration for future columns should be directed to Mrs J. Steincamp at “The Press,” P.O. Box 1005.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850513_2_86_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850513.2.86.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484747200
5574,13,05,1985,"Politicians V. Media (Press, 13 May 1985)","On 11 May 1985, the Broadbank Festival Debate took place at the James Hay Theatre, featuring a lively discussion on the motion “that all politicians are philosophical deviants.” Organised by the Christchurch branch of the New Zealand Speaking Society, this debate aimed to become an annual event and showcased a contest between two sides: the affirmative team of news media representatives and the negative team of politicians. The affirmative team, led by Jim Hopkins, argued assertively in favour of the motion, asserting it was true that politicians are, by nature, philosophical deviants. They claimed that the public’s expectations compel politicians to shift their policies to secure votes, thereby questioning the integrity of political philosophy. Hopkins highlighted the current Labour Government’s record as evidence, insinuating that changes in political direction betray original ideals. He cleverly played on the word “deviant,” linking it to the ongoing Homosexual Law Reform Bill and suggesting that opposition to it could be seen as a deviance of its own, particularly referencing “born-again” Christians. Simon Walker, another speaker for the affirmative, endorsed the notion that some level of philosophical deviation in politics is not only acceptable but essential. He humourously suggested that if there were a party that truly adhered to a philosophical stance, it would be a fictional one—Monty Python's Silly Party, which whimsically advocates for rising unemployment and debt. The third affirmative speaker, David Round, offered a more irreverent take by drawing parallels between the nature of political parties and septic tanks, positing that political philosophies are often non-existent or avoided by politicians. He mockingly observed that the National Party's best attempt at a consistent philosophy was the “think big” approach. On the opposing side, the politicians had to defend their integrity against the affirmative's sharp critiques. Fran Wilde, the leader for the negative team, claimed that politicians are not inherently deviant, as their primary philosophy revolves around self-advancement. She suggested that her presence at the debate on a Saturday night was evidence of a politician's dedication to their mission. Jim Anderton, nicknamed the “Prime Minister of Sydenham,” argued against the notion of universal political deviance, pointing out that some politicians, such as former Minister of Education Merv Wellington, have steadfastly adhered to their policies despite opposition. He provocatively contrasted politicians’ loyalties to those of journalists, claiming that when politicians are bought, they remain loyal. Philip Burden, another negative speaker, admitted that while politicians may be seen as ""totally deviant,"" he argued that they operate without a guiding philosophy, instead functioning as pragmatists who promise electoral support before elections and take contrary actions afterward. Overall, the debate was not just a battle of arguments but a display of wit and humour, with the audience's applause seemingly determining the ""winner"" of the contest, as noted by chairman Mike Moore. The evening highlighted the ongoing tensions and relationships between the media and politicians, described playfully as akin to “the relationship between a lamp-post and a dog.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850513_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850513.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484747200
5576,13,05,1985,"Women Have Sympathy For Homosexuals (Press, 13 May 1985)","In a submission to the Parliamentary Statutes Revision Committee regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, the Women’s Action Group argued that homosexuality does not pose a greater risk to society than heterosexual behaviour, and may even be more advantageous since it does not result in reproduction. The committee received various submissions and the feminist group contended that the legal distinction between homosexual and heterosexual activities is primarily a matter of preference, advocating for the continuation of law reform efforts. The group expressed solidarity with the homosexual community, particularly highlighting their awareness of discrimination faced by them. They maintained that sexual activities, irrespective of orientation, carry similar risks for individuals and society. The submission noted that the transmission of A.I.D.S. occurs in both heterosexual and homosexual contexts, implying that if health-related concerns were a valid reason to maintain criminal laws against homosexuality, then heterosexual acts should also be subject to similar restrictions for consistency. Furthermore, the group pointed out the significant health risks associated with heterosexual activity, citing cervical cancer, which claims the lives of over 100 women annually in New Zealand, as being linked to a sexually transmitted virus. They argued that the absence of unwanted pregnancies and related issues, like abortion, in the homosexual community further supports their case for law reform, suggesting that it might be more logical to impose stricter regulations on heterosexuality due to its reproductive consequences. The Women's Action Group raised concerns about the decision-making process of members of Parliament regarding the issue, noting that many were confused by the idea of a ""conscience vote."" They identified that some MPs were using traditional criteria for criminalising behaviours to assess their stance on the reform, whereas others attempted to reconcile their personal beliefs with the legal implications for others, turning to their electorates for guidance. Ultimately, the group called for a rational examination of the implications of current laws and highlighted the need for legislative reform to reflect changing societal attitudes towards sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850513_2_208.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850513.2.208,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484747200
5579,14,05,1985,"A.I.D.S. Brings ‘changes In Lifestyle’ (Press, 14 May 1985)","A study conducted by researchers at the University of California-San Francisco, published on 14 May 1985, reveals a significant decline in sexual activity among homosexual men in San Francisco amid the rising A.I.D.S. death toll. This study, part of an A.I.D.S. behavioural research project, indicates that since 1982, there have been noteworthy reductions in both the average number of sexual partners and the incidence of sex acts considered to transmit acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.). Project director Mr Leon McKusick stated, “Gay men have made major changes in their lifestyles in the last 2½ years,” suggesting these adjustments may help to slow the spread of A.I.D.S. in the city. The research included 655 homosexual men and examined their sexual practices from 1982 to 1984. Findings showed a decrease in the monthly average of sexual partners, which fell from 5.9 in November 1982 to 2.5 in November 1984. Additionally, the proportion of men engaging in ""unsafe sex""—defined as sexual acts involving significant exchange of bodily fluids—dropped from 47 per cent in November 1983 to 27 per cent in November 1984. The noticeable decline in sexual activity among males is attributed to several factors: the growing number of A.I.D.S. cases, harrowing experiences of witnessing the illness's deadly consequences, and heightened awareness of health guidelines related to A.I.D.S. Since A.I.D.S. emerged, it has claimed 505 lives in San Francisco since 1981 and over 4,300 nationwide in the United States since the disease was first identified in 1979. The disease primarily affects homosexual and bisexual men, intravenous drug users, and individuals with haemophilia. A.I.D.S. is transmitted through sexual contact, the sharing of contaminated needles, and blood transfusions. The study underscores the impact of awareness and lifestyle adjustments on the behaviour of homosexual men in response to the growing A.I.D.S. epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850514_2_136.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850514.2.136,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484833600
5578,14,05,1985,"Comprehensive Reform Of Tax System Sought (Press, 14 May 1985)","At a regional conference held in Invercargill over the weekend of 11-12 May 1985, delegates from Otago-Southland expressed a strong desire for the National Government to pursue comprehensive reforms in personal, indirect, and business taxation. A remit passed at the conference was a significantly revised version of an initial proposal from the Invercargill and Young Nationals group. This original proposition had called for the investigation of tax reform measures, including the introduction of a goods and services tax and a flat-rate income tax set at $10,000, with no exemptions. The amended remit that ultimately secured approval from the delegates emphasised that the goals of comprehensive tax reform should be to eliminate tax avoidance and promote economic efficiency. However, the conference attendees voiced considerable dissent regarding the government's proposed goods and services tax. Additionally, a remit from Dunedin North highlighted that controlling inflation should be the main focus of any government policy changes. The conference also tackled several other issues through votes. Delegates expressed unanimous support for New Zealand's active participation in the Anzus Alliance, framing it as part of a responsible commitment to Western democracy, and advocated for its expansion to include other nations in the Pacific. Conversely, the delegates opposed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill currently under consideration in Parliament. Furthermore, delegates dismissed a proposal from Young Nationals which called for secondary schools to offer both academic and vocational options within their core curricula. Delegate Mr M. B. Laws noted that while many schools already had ""work experience"" programmes, these initiatives were often poorly planned and inconsistently funded, leading to significant discrepancies across different institutions. He suggested that skills relevant to apprenticeships should be taught in schools, especially in rural areas, where options related to agriculture and horticulture ought to be readily available. The discussions and resolutions from the conference reflect broader sentiments on taxation reform, educational curriculum, and social issues within the National Party at the time, indicating a keen interest in economic efficiency and responsibility in governance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850514_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850514.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484833600
5580,15,05,1985,"'Gay’ Graphics Unbearable? (Press, 15 May 1985)","In May 1985, toy manufacturers and wholesalers in Auckland expressed concern over a pamphlet created by the Aids Support Network, which depicted teddy bears engaging in homosexual acts. The pamphlet was intended to inform homosexual men about precautions to prevent the spread of AIDS. Mr John Prowse, a teddy bear manufacturer, anticipated a negative impact on sales due to the pamphlet's contents. Similarly, Mrs Lynnis Burson, the owner of The House of Toys, felt that the link between teddy bears and homosexuality would fade within a couple of weeks but questioned the need to involve children's toys in such discussions. Opponents of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, including Mr Barry Redd, condemned the pamphlet, calling it disrespectful to bears. He expressed disbelief that such images would be associated with real bears, implying a loss of innocence. In contrast, Ms Kate Leslie, the chairperson of the Aids Support Network Trust Board, defended the pamphlet, noting that it contained a warning about graphic material and was designed to address the subject sensitively. She believed using teddy bears in the graphics did not carry inappropriate connotations. However, during a meeting held by those opposing the reform bill, members voted in favour of calling on the Government to retract its recent $100,000 grant to the Aids Support Network, stating that the pamphlet promoted illegal behaviours. Mr Norman Jones, the National MP for Invercargill, who spoke at the meeting, conveyed the sentiment that a significant majority of New Zealanders disapproved of legalising sodomy. He suggested that the concerns of a minority should not impose on the values of the majority. The meeting was marked by heated discussions between supporters and opponents of the bill, underscoring the divisive nature of the debate surrounding the pamphlet and the broader issue of homosexual law reform in New Zealand at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850515_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850515.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484920000
5581,15,05,1985,"Doctors Oppose Bill (Press, 15 May 1985)","On 15 May 1985, doctors in Hamilton, Waikato, expressed their opposition to the proposed homosexual law reform bill, calling for the Medical Association to take a stand against it due to concerns that it could lead to an AIDS epidemic. Dr Geoffrey Wynne-Jones, a surgeon from Hamilton, initiated a remit for discussion at the Medical Association's annual conference, advocating for the association to support his position. He had previously submitted his concerns to a Parliamentary select committee that was reviewing the legislation. Dr Wynne-Jones argued that AIDS was predominantly a homosexual disease and claimed that the only effective way to prevent its spread was through the restriction of sodomy. He contended that the passage of the bill would lead to an increase in homosexual practices, which, in turn, could facilitate the entry of AIDS into New Zealand and allow it to escalate to epidemic levels. Expressing his worries from a professional perspective, Dr Wynne-Jones cited risks associated with contracting AIDS through needle injuries, an issue of particular significance for surgeons. He noted the potential dangers, referencing instances where surgeons had succumbed to hepatitis from similar incidents. His views received support from the Waikato division of the Medical Association, illustrating a unified stance among some medical professionals in the region against the proposed law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850515_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850515.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484920000
5583,15,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 15 May 1985)","In letters published in May 1985, two individuals expressed their views regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, reflecting a division in public opinion on the issue and the broader themes of freedom and democracy. Paul Maling, a former member of the Second New Zealand Expeditionary Force, shared his personal journey and motivation for enlisting, noting his concern about the spread of Nazism. He conducted an informal poll among his fellow soldiers and found that none cited the defence of freedom as their reason for enlistment, which left him appalled. Upon returning from service, Maling became increasingly worried about the erosion of freedom in New Zealand. He engaged with political discourse through subscription to a National Party newspaper and attended lectures that discussed the philosophical underpinnings of freedom and the implications of totalitarianism. He cited influential works such as Friedrich Hayek's ""The Road to Serfdom"" and Nicolas Berdyaev's ""Slavery and Freedom"" as significant to his understanding of the dangers of tyranny. Maling directed his concern towards those opposing the law reform, suggesting that their ignorance undermines the essence of freedom and democracy. He urged individuals misled into signing petitions against the reform to reconsider their stance and contact Ms Fran Wilde. On the other hand, John O. Ward wrote a letter appealing to the 'silent majority' opposed to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, highlighting the limited role of just 94 members of Parliament tasked with a conscience vote for a large number of constituents. Ward argued that constituents should actively voice their opinions on the matter, urging them to sign a petition against the bill, write to their respective MPs to express their views, and call on the Prime Minister to consider a referendum at the next General Election. His call to action indicated a desire for public engagement in the legislative process concerning the potential reform. Both letters illustrate the complexities surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and the varying perspectives on civil liberties, societal values, and democratic processes in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850515_2_112_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850515.2.112.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484920000
5582,15,05,1985,"Wedding Soon (Press, 15 May 1985)","Jack Fertig, known by the moniker “Sister Boom Boom,” has announced his upcoming marriage to Mystie Gray, a 32-year-old sex therapist hailing from Pittsburgh. Fertig, a 30-year-old homosexual social worker, is noted for his distinctive attire, often donning a nun’s habit. The couple is currently in the process of consulting astrology charts to determine an auspicious date for their wedding. This announcement has garnered attention, reflecting the unique blend of personal and cultural identities that the couple represents. Their engagement adds to the dialogue about same-sex relationships and the celebration of queer love in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850515_2_105_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850515.2.105.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,484920000
7110,16,05,1985,"Beauty Has Lonely Life (Press, 16 May 1985)","Linda Evans, the blonde star of the popular soap opera ""Dynasty,"" is reportedly searching for true love, despite her status as a captivating and glamorous figure on television. Although many men find her attractive, she feels completely unattached and lonely in her personal life. Evans has expressed that she would even leave her lucrative role on ""Dynasty,"" where she earns approximately NZ$143,000 per episode, to find the right partner. Recently, she renegotiated her contract, securing her position in the show for an additional four years, and is set to have her own series after ""Dynasty"" ends. Despite her success and fame, Evans finds her love life unsatisfactory. She describes herself as the ""loneliest woman in Hollywood,"" often going out alone or only with friends rather than romantic interests. The men who do approach her are either deemed gold diggers or members of the LGBTQ+ community, while those she finds genuinely appealing tend to shy away due to her fame and wealth. She likened her situation to that of Cinderella, lamenting that her Prince Charming seems unlikely to ever arrive. At 42, with two previous divorces under her belt, she appears to be increasingly despondent about her romantic prospects. Her first marriage was to actor John Derek when she was just 21, a union that ended when he left her for the younger Bo Derek ten years later. Her second marriage, to millionaire real estate dealer Stan Herman, was also tumultuous, ending in divorce after constant arguments. While her character Krystle Carrington in ""Dynasty"" is surrounded by male admirers in the show, Evans’ real-life experiences starkly contrast with her on-screen persona. As she continues to chase her ideal partner, her situation reveals the complexities of fame and the challenges of finding lasting love in Hollywood.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850516_2_76_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850516.2.76.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485006400
5584,16,05,1985,"Doctors Will Advise Minister Of Dangers Of... (Press, 16 May 1985)","On 16 May 1985, the Medical Association expressed its concerns regarding the deadly disease A.I.D.S. and at-risk populations to the Minister of Health, Dr Bassett. The association's council voted to ensure that Dr Bassett was informed of the medical implications related to A.I.D.S., especially following a proposal from Hamilton surgeon Mr Geoffrey Winne-Jones. He called for the association's support in opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, arguing that its passage could potentially lead to an A.I.D.S. epidemic. Winne-Jones urged the association to present the medical facts of the disease to the select committee reviewing the bill. The retiring chairman of the Medical Association, Dr Dean Williams, noted that a vote on Winne-Jones's proposal was not feasible as submissions on the bill had already closed. Nonetheless, he implied that the medical community was increasingly concerned about A.I.D.S. as it posed significant health risks. One major worry was that nurses, due to the risk of needle-stick injuries, were classified as an at-risk group for the disease. The information shared with Dr Bassett was intended to encompass knowledge about A.I.D.S. and the various at-risk demographics, including nurses, doctors, dentists, homosexuals, and others. Dr Williams emphasised the concern that A.I.D.S. could spread throughout society, stating that the primary goal of educating Dr Bassett was to increase awareness among the public. Moreover, the Medical Association demanded prompt government action to address deficiencies in public healthcare services. They highlighted issues such as excessive workloads for resident medical officers, a shortage of nursing staff, and insufficient funding for necessary medical equipment. Dr Williams pointed out the adverse effects these issues had on patient care quality, which was set to decline as resident medical staff were forced to work long hours. The council expressed solidarity with the doctors seeking to rectify these problems. Noting the national shortage of nurses, Dr Williams further remarked that while the government could allocate an additional $90 million for defence spending, it should also be willing to address the funding shortfall impacting health services once justified.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850516_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850516.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485006400
5586,16,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 16 May 1985)","On 16 May 1985, a letter from The Rev. Martin Rees, Chairman of the Public Questions Committee for the Associated Churches of Christ in New Zealand, clarified that an advertisement concerning the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, published in ""The Press,"" did not represent the views of the Associated Churches. Rees emphasised that no consensus had been reached within the organisation regarding the bill. However, the Public Questions Committee released a statement outlining their stance: they affirmed that Christians should love and accept all individuals, including homosexuals, as God loves them; acknowledged that the majority believed homosexual acts contradicted scriptural teaching; felt that practicing homosexuals should not be seen as criminals; unanimously supported raising the age of consent from 16; and expressed concern that the bill could imply public endorsement of homosexual acts as normal, particularly among youth. Additionally, a letter from Paul Maling critiqued the advertisement that appeared in ""The Press"" opposing the law reform which, according to him, lacked credibility due to a significant portion of its content being anonymous. He argued that knowledge of an author’s identity is crucial for determining the validity and reliability of any argument made, whether in court or academia. Maling cautioned that misleading information could sway the perception of those less discerning. Moreover, Mark D. Sadler responded to a claim made by Keith Wignall that asserted the Christian moral code was no more valid than any other moral framework. Sadler contended that moral codes, including Christianity, have undergone rigorous examination over time through natural selection, with only those that foster group prosperity enduring. He emphasised that the Christian moral code has persisted for two millennia and deserves respect. Sadler critiqued Wignall’s view that the debate was purely legal and not moral, contending that laws outlawing discrimination involve moral considerations. He concluded that discrimination does not inherently equate to unreasonable intolerance. This compilation of letters reflects a heated discourse surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and the broader implications concerning morality, societal acceptance, and religious perspectives in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850516_2_81_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850516.2.81.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485006400
5587,16,05,1985,"Homosexual's Wife Tells Her Story After 10 Years,... (Press, 16 May 1985)","is, and how it affects families. Angela, a Christchurch woman, shares her story of shock and adjustment after her husband, Brian, came out as gay after over ten years of marriage. They had a seemingly normal life, raising two children, but tension had been building for years. Angela became increasingly aware of Brian's close relationship with a male friend and his lack of sexual interest in her. A pivotal moment came when they watched the film ""Making Love,"" which revolved around a gay man in a heterosexual marriage. Following the film, Brian ultimately admitted to Angela that he had strong attractions to men. While Brian expressed his love for her and their children, the revelation shattered Angela’s sense of security and identity. She described feeling betrayed, as if her womanhood had been invalidated, and struggled with the emotions that followed. While Brian pursued support from a Christian gay group, Angela sought counselling to deal with her feelings of loss and confusion. Brian's coming out led to a protracted, emotionally charged period in their marriage, during which Angela found herself feeling increasingly isolated and unsupported. She noted a lack of resources for women in her situation, comparing her experience to that of wives of alcoholics, who at least have support networks. As Brian sought to explore his identity while remaining part of the family unit, the strain became unbearable for Angela. Ultimately, she issued him an ultimatum leading to his departure from the family. Despite the emotional upheaval, Angela expressed concern for her husband and the difficulties he faced. She also felt a profound sense of loss and betrayal, grappling with feelings of unfairness. As she began to rebuild her life and walk through her grief, Angela highlighted the need for support networks for women finding themselves in similar situations. She acknowledged the difficulty in discussing such issues with friends and family, who often withdraw rather than offer support or understanding. Angela’s hope is to establish a support group for women affected by such revelations, recognising the deep and often isolating impact that the coming out of a husband can have on family dynamics. She seeks to foster a more supportive community for those in similar situations, ensuring that they do not feel alone in their experiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850516_2_83_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850516.2.83.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485006400
5588,16,05,1985,"Played Rugby, And Did Not Feel He Fitted ‘into Gay... (Press, 16 May 1985)","Brian reflects on his journey of recognising his homosexuality, describing it as a gradual process rather than an overnight decision. He began to understand his sexual preferences around the age of 12 or 13 but initially resisted acknowledging them, adhering to stereotypes of homosexuality that he felt he did not fit, as a rugby player who enjoyed contact sports. He noted that by 15, he was in a sexual relationship with a male friend, which lasted until he turned 19. Despite enjoying this intimacy, he did not relate his experiences to being gay. As he entered his early 20s, he continued to fantasise about close male friends but kept these feelings secret, concerned that they would not accept him. He felt compelled to conform to societal expectations, dating women despite lacking genuine attraction. At 22, he met Angela and admired her qualities, ultimately marrying her after a brief engagement, believing that his relationship with her would lessen his feelings towards men. Despite a largely satisfactory married life, Brian found that his fantasies about men grew stronger over time, leading to conflicted feelings about his relationship with Angela. He attempted to address his confusion by taking her to see the film ""Making Love,"" intending to prepare her for his eventual revelation about his past. When he finally shared his feelings with her, he experienced a sense of relief but realised later the emotional turmoil this revelation caused her. As a dedicated family man, he struggled with the notion that understanding his sexual orientation would separate him from his family responsibilities. However, after Angela began dating another man and issued him an ultimatum, he moved out of their home, which was a challenging transition for him. Although he continued to enjoy fatherhood, he faced moments of sorrow at the loss of daily involvement with his children. Brian maintains that his sexual orientation has not diminished his ability to be a father and feels that, if addressed honestly, concerns about sexuality should not hinder relationships with children. He has spoken to his children about his situation, with his daughter acknowledging her hurt over the separation while expressing support for his happiness. Looking back, Brian acknowledges that marrying Angela was unfair to her, and he has gained a deeper understanding of sexuality and its impact on relationships. He values the time they spent together and the lessons learned, emphasising that the qualities they shared go beyond mere sexual orientation. He expresses ongoing affection for Angela, asserting that their ten years together were fundamental to his personal growth and that their children will always remain integral to his life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850516_2_83_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850516.2.83.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485006400
5585,16,05,1985,"Pope Rejects Changes To Catholic Sex Rules (Press, 16 May 1985)","Pope John Paul II concluded a four-day visit to the Netherlands amidst significant protests and criticism from young Catholics regarding the Church's teachings on sexuality. During this visit, which was marked by small crowds and public dissent, the Pope firmly reiterated the Catholic Church’s stance on various sexual matters, declaring that the Church's teachings would remain unchanged “for all time.” Speaking to a gathering of several hundred young people in Amersfoort, the Pope expressed that their criticisms caused “problems” for older generations, admitting, “Sometimes you hurt us.” His visit saw protests, including instances of stones and bottles being thrown, demonstrating the tension between traditional Catholic doctrines and the views of younger generations in the Netherlands. The Pope maintained that the Church must adhere to “strict rules” and uphold “unpalatable pronouncements,” even if it meant opposing prevailing societal attitudes. The low turnout at his events indicated the challenges facing the Church in the Netherlands, a country noted for its progressive Catholic community. Approximately 750 to 1,000 attended the meeting in Amersfoort, a stark contrast to expected sizes and reflecting broader discontent. A Vatican official who had attended numerous papal trips remarked on the unusually small crowd size, saying he had “never seen anything like it.” Father Louis von Belkom, who was present at the rally, suggested that the indifference towards the Church among the youth was more concerning than outright rejection. On the other hand, a larger crowd attended the Pope's outdoor Mass in Tricht, estimated between 25,000 to 40,000 people, but this number still fell short of expectations. During this Mass, the Pope defended the Church’s positions against divorce and artificial birth control, advocating for the recognition of family as foundational to society and warning against concessions that could undermine family life. Upon departure to Luxembourg, the Pope's schedule included meetings with sick, handicapped, and elderly individuals, as well as a Mass for workers and immigrants, highlighting his outreach to diverse communities. Luxembourg, where about 97.3% of the population are Catholics, also has a significant immigrant population, primarily from Portugal and Italy. Final reflections on the Pope’s visit to the Netherlands suggest an environment fraught with rebellion and controversy, reflective of a broader disconnect between the Church’s established teachings and the emerging perspectives of the younger Catholic demographic. The Pope’s tour was set to continue with events in Brussels, concluding on 21 May 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850516_2_68_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850516.2.68.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485006400
5589,16,05,1985,"Rights Bill Has ‘narrow Range’ (Press, 16 May 1985)","On 16 May 1985, New Zealand's Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, expressed his opposition to including controversial economic and social rights clauses in the proposed Bill of Rights. Speaking at a public seminar at Waikato University, he drew on the negative reactions to similar clauses in Australia, which have faced strong backlash from extreme right-wing groups. He compared the contentiousness surrounding these clauses to the debates triggered by the homosexual law reform bill. Mr Palmer highlighted that the Canadian Charter of Rights, which served as a model for New Zealand's draft, contained provisions for affirmative action for minorities and women. This inclusion resulted from ""political horse trading"" among Canadian leaders, particularly between the Federal Prime Minister and provincial premiers. He was clear that he preferred not to include economic and social rights in the New Zealand bill, emphasising that judges should not be tasked with resolving issues related to taxation and social policies, which are currently outside the scope of legal action. The draft bill, as envisioned by Mr Palmer, would focus narrowly on civil and political rights. He asserted that it would not afford judges the extensive powers found in the United States Constitution. Nevertheless, he was open to considering a wide array of additional rights that could be incorporated into the bill, referring to this potential expansion as a ""very extensive shopping list."" Ultimately, the aim of the bill would be to establish standards for law-making grounded in overarching principles, rather than getting bogged down by minor distinctions or complex legalities. The proposed legislation is set to provide a foundational test for all statutes and common law in New Zealand, reflecting Mr Palmer's desire for a clear and principled approach to human rights legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850516_2_137.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850516.2.137,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485006400
5594,17,05,1985,"A.I.D.S.: Killer Disease Sweeps Through Africa (Press, 17 May 1985)","On 17 May 1985, journalists Robin McKie and Miriam Ryan reported from London on a critical warning from scientists regarding the swift spread of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) through heterosexual communities in Africa, and the urgent need for preventative measures to halt a similar spread in Europe and America. The deadly virus has significantly impacted many areas in Central and East Africa, where it is proliferating among heterosexual populations, challenging previous beliefs that A.I.D.S. was confined to isolated cases. At an international conference on infectious diseases held in Cairo the previous month, scientists revealed data indicating that A.I.D.S. is now spreading among African heterosexuals at rates comparable to those seen in homosexuals and drug users in Europe and America. The rate of infection is alarming; cases have been doubling every seven to eight months, leading many researchers to classify A.I.D.S. as a public health crisis in several African nations. According to experts, nine countries are currently facing severe impacts from the epidemic, with notable examples including Zaire, where approximately one in ten residents may be infected. A study conducted in Uganda found that 20 per cent of individuals sampled tested positive for the virus. The disease appears to affect men and women equally, with roughly one in ten infected individuals likely to develop A.I.D.S. Dr Fakhry Assad, from the World Health Organisation, expressed concern over the unpredictable nature of the epidemic, stating that unknown factors might be contributing to its rapid spread in Africa. A conference addressing the A.I.D.S. crisis is scheduled for October; however, challenges remain in gathering accurate data due to fears that publicising the epidemic could damage the tourism sector in affected countries. One particularly illustrative case shared by Dr Nathan Clumeck, head of infectious diseases in Brussels, involved a wealthy Zairean man who contracted A.I.D.S. from a prostitute and subsequently transmitted it to multiple partners, all of whom also succumbed to the disease. Dr Clumeck pointed out that the transmission of A.I.D.S. through heterosexual contact is increasingly evident, with studies indicating that many female A.I.D.S. patients are sex workers or have partners with promiscuous behaviours. In the capital city of Kinshasa, Zaire, nearly 2000 confirmed cases highlight the epidemic's scale. Dr Tony Pinching from St Mary's Hospital emphasised that A.I.D.S. is becoming an issue for both homosexual and heterosexual populations, warning against misconceptions surrounding the disease being exclusive to homosexuals. He suggested that high numbers of sexual contacts, rather than lifestyle alone, increase the risk of contracting A.I.D.S. Looking ahead, scientists are sceptical regarding the development of an effective vaccine within the next five years, and they stress the importance of commencing an urgent health education campaign. Professor Robin Weiss from London’s Institute of Cancer Research cautioned against oversimplifying the parallels between African A.I.D.S. cases and those in other regions, as differing health conditions may accelerate the disease's progression among Africans. Nonetheless, he acknowledged the potential for A.I.D.S. to emerge as a significant health challenge of the twentieth century for all populations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850517_2_94_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850517.2.94.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485092800
5590,17,05,1985,"Complaint About Adverts (Press, 17 May 1985)","On 17 May 1985, Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central and the proponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, expressed her concerns regarding advertisements opposing the bill that had been published by the Auckland-based Church of Christ. The ads appeared in several daily newspapers over the past two days. Wilde labelled the content of these advertisements as ""insidious and dishonest,"" stating that the factual claims made were entirely incorrect and misleading about the effects of the proposed legislation. In her statement, Wilde expressed her astonishment that the newspapers had printed the advertisements without verifying their accuracy. She indicated her intention to seek legal counsel regarding the situation. Furthermore, Wilde filed a formal complaint with the Newspaper Publishers’ Association, urging them to consider the implications of allowing such advertisements to circulate. Wilde called upon all New Zealanders who value human rights and liberal principles to take a stand against the growing campaign of fear and intolerance that she believed was permeating the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850517_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850517.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485092800
5591,17,05,1985,"Doctor Disputes Surgeon’s Claim On Homosexuals (Press, 17 May 1985)","On 17 May 1985, a debate arose in Hamilton, Waikato, concerning the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which aimed to liberalise laws related to homosexuality. A prominent figure in this discussion was surgeon Mr Geoffery Wynne-Jones, who intended to present a motion at the Medical Association conference appealing for the association to oppose the bill. Wynne-Jones argued that the liberalisation of homosexual laws could result in increased public displays of sodomy, particularly in bars. Countering these assertions was Dr Michael Easther, who strongly rejected Wynne-Jones' claims as “ridiculous.” He pointed out that, based on his experiences in heterosexual bars, there were no public displays of sexual acts, and thus he could not see why such behaviour would be expected in bars designated for homosexuals. Dr Easther emphasised that equating homosexuality solely with acts of sodomy was a flawed viewpoint. He clarified that homosexuality is fundamentally about the attraction to the same sex and is not limited to, nor defined by, specific sexual practices. Dr Easther further elaborated on misconceptions about the homosexual community, stating that many of his homosexual friends did not engage in sodomy and viewed it unfavourably. He referenced statistics regarding convictions for forced anal sex, indicating that a majority of offenders were heterosexual men. The doctor also challenged the notion that individuals at the age of 16 are not mature enough to determine their sexual orientation. He argued that if teenagers are legally allowed to marry and have children at that age, they should equally be considered capable of understanding their sexual preferences, whether heterosexual or homosexual. Dr Easther asserted that legalising homosexual acts would not contribute to the spread of A.I.D.S., proposing that the disease was primarily transmitted through promiscuous sexual behaviour. He believed that the removal of criminal penalties would encourage individuals at risk to seek appropriate advice and treatment. Moreover, Dr Easther expressed disapproval of tactics used by those opposing the law reform, including the coercion of young individuals into signing petitions against the bill. He recounted an incident involving a friend’s son, a 16-year-old student, who felt pressured to sign the anti-law reform petition for fear of being labelled derogatory terms. This public discourse highlights the ongoing tension surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand during the 1980s, revealing societal attitudes towards homosexuality and the legal implications for sexual orientation at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850517_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850517.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485092800
5593,17,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 17 May 1985)","On 17 May 1985, various letters to the editor were published, reflecting conflicting views surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. A letter from Varian J. Wilson expressed strong opposition to homosexuality, labelling homosexuals as ""grossly aberrant"" and suggesting that supporting their rights undermines heterosexual norms. Wilson dismissed the idea of consenting adults in private, arguing that this stance fails to consider the societal pressures faced by heterosexuals. He claimed that he has witnessed hostility from homosexuals towards heterosexuals, particularly women, and felt no changes in legislation would amend this. In contrast, B. M. Hayward expressed shock at an advertisement in ""The Press"" that urged New Zealand to defend itself against homosexual practices, comparing its rhetoric to that used by Hitler during World War II to demonise minorities. Hayward questioned whether this was the direction New Zealand wanted to take. Ross Edgar voiced concern over similar advertisements that target homosexuals, arguing they would not be tolerated if aimed at other minority groups. He stressed the importance of allowing gay individuals to live within the law and highlighted the potential harm such adversarial attitudes could inflict on young people grappling with their sexuality. Kenneth Wuen challenged the arguments of anti-reform advocate Norman Jones, who cited fears of AIDS to justify opposing the bill. Wuen pointed out the contradiction in Jones's position when he called for the withdrawal of funding from the AIDS Support Network Trust Board, suggesting that if Jones genuinely cared about limiting the disease, he would support such initiatives instead. Lastly, Keith Wignall commented on the role of religion, suggesting that while the Christian faith has been historically useful, its survival does not equate to truth. He argued that morality should be based on actions being judged as right or wrong, and that the bill simply aims to promote equality rather than legislate morality. Wignall contended that it was the Christian activists seeking to impose their values into the law. The discussion highlights a significant societal divide over the issues of homosexuality, human rights, and moral legislation in New Zealand during 1985, reflecting broader cultural debates of the period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850517_2_92_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850517.2.92.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485092800
5592,17,05,1985,"Impartiality Queried By Christian Group (Press, 17 May 1985)","On 17 May 1985, the Coalition of Concerned Christians expressed concerns over the impartiality of ""The Press,"" a prominent New Zealand newspaper. This followed the newspaper's decision not to publish a full-page advertisement featuring a list of New Zealand citizens opposed to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The advertisement, which had been prepared at considerable effort, was dismissed by the editor due to potential confusion, particularly as another advertisement supporting the law reforms had previously been printed. The coalition accused ""The Press"" of changing its editorial rules mid-debate, noting that while it had been difficult for them to present their viewpoint, supporters of the bill seemingly had no issues getting their opinions captured in the newspaper. They pointed out that when they were allowed to respond to a feature page endorsing homosexual practices, their contribution was restricted to 1200 words, with specific instructions to avoid Biblical references. The coalition highlighted that their petition against the bill had garnered 600,000 signatures, marking it as the largest petition in New Zealand's history. In response to the criticism, the editor clarified the rationale behind the publication's policy. He explained that the initial rejection of the coalition's advertisement was made reluctantly, particularly in light of the earlier acceptance of an advertisement representing an opposing viewpoint. The editor noted that the coalition's arguments had been presented in a separate feature on the editorial page several weeks prior and emphasised that ""The Press"" is cautious about engaging in debates concerning Biblical interpretations due to the contentious nature of such discussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850517_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850517.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485092800
5596,18,05,1985,"Church’s Solicitors Confirm Advt View (Press, 18 May 1985)","On 18 May 1985, a spokesman for the Auckland-based Church of Christ stated that legal advice received by the church regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was confirmed to be correct. The church's stance came in response to a written complaint made by Ms Fran Wilde, a member of Parliament for Wellington Central and the creator of the bill. Wilde challenged a full-page advertisement published in several newspapers by the church, claiming its content was ""overwhelmingly false."" She urged the Newspaper Publishers Association to implement stricter oversight for similar advertisements in the future. Mr Jim Peacock, the church spokesman, defended the advertisement, asserting it aimed to provide a balanced and reasoned Biblical perspective on a matter he deemed crucial for New Zealand's future. He argued for the necessity of free expression and public debate in a democracy and expressed surprise at Wilde’s request for censorship regarding the church's message. Peacock explained that the church's advertisement sought to convey potential real-world implications if the bill became law, using non-legal language for accessibility. Peacock acknowledged the uncertainty of the precise effects of any legislation until the courts interpret it, and that such interpretation would be influenced by public opinion. In response to Wilde's accusation that the advertisement suggested homosexuals would have the right to solicit relationships in public, Peacock clarified that the term ""solicit"" was used in its everyday context, rather than as a legal term. He maintained that nothing in the proposed bill would prevent homosexuals from seeking attention in public. Moreover, Peacock responded to other criticisms from Wilde by stating that, should the bill pass, homosexual couples would legally be able to cohabit similarly to de facto couples, with the Adoption Act allowing for separate adoption applications from two individuals. He noted that a man in a homosexual relationship would not be barred from applying to adopt a child. Overall, the controversy highlighted the clash between differing views on the implications of the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill and the importance of public discourse in shaping social policies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850518_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850518.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485179200
5595,18,05,1985,"Petition Closes (Press, 18 May 1985)","A petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill closed on 17 May 1985, amassing around 600,000 signatures, according to chief petitioner Mr Keith Hay. He anticipates that the final count will increase by an additional 50,000 as signatures collected on the last day are tallied over the weekend. The deadline for the petition was initially set for 1 May, but was extended to accommodate more signatures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850518_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850518.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485179200
5598,20,05,1985,"‘Dynasty’ Lovers Split? (Press, 20 May 1985)","On 20 May 1985, entertainment columnist David Hartnell shared insights from Hollywood, focusing on notable developments in television and the lives of stars. One topic of interest was the potential breakup of characters Stephen Carrington and Luke in the popular series ""Dynasty."" Reportedly, Bill Campbell, who portrayed Luke, would soon be leaving the show after just eight weeks, purportedly due to conflicts with a leading cast member. Morgan Fairchild, known for her sultry roles, expressed her frustration with the industry's perception of her as a ""conniving bitch,"" stating her desire to move away from such typecasting. She claimed an upbringing as a ""good girl"" contradicted the roles she was frequently offered. Meanwhile, Linda Evans refuted claims of her being the ""loneliest woman in Hollywood,"" asserting she leads a fulfilling life that includes dating and an appreciation for her role in ""Dynasty."" Evans mentioned she was working on a new mini-series set during the American Civil War and looking forward to appearing in the film ""Time Bomb."" At a Hollywood honours event, Kate Jackson, star of ""Scarecrow and Mrs King,"" caused a stir by arriving in a motor home after a long day at work. Hartnell also noted that 1985 marked a significant birthday for several stars born in 1925, including Dick Van Dyke and Paul Newman, all turning 60. In casting news, Rock Hudson had reportedly asked to be written out of ""Dynasty"" due to health concerns. In other television news, the plot of the last episode of ""Alice"" involved Mel's diner being sold in a deal related to a racetrack, suggesting a potential spin-off for the character Mel, played by Vic Tayback. Hartnell teased the upcoming production of ""Hollywood Wives part two,"" a mini-series set to air in the United States in February 1986, with Robert McCullough returning as the writer. Although no major names had been announced for the cast yet, Hartnell speculated Joan Collins might reprise her role. Lastly, country music star Kenny Rogers and his wife Carol purchased a significant property in New South Wales, Australia, indicating their plans to spend several months each year in the region, which could make them more visible in New Zealand. In summary, the column provided a mix of personal anecdotes, industry gossip, and updates on several prominent television figures and upcoming projects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850520_2_68_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850520.2.68.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485352000
5599,20,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 20 May 1985)","In May 1985, a series of letters were published concerning the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill and its potential implications for public health, particularly in relation to the spread of A.I.D.S. L. Williams, writing on 16 May, expressed concern as a first-aider about the necessity of using face masks when administering CPR due to the risk of disease transmission, particularly A.I.D.S. He questioned the moral conduct within sexual relationships and linked promiscuity, particularly in homosexual relationships, to a broader societal decline. He referenced the importance of discipline in sexual partnerships and suggested that Jesus Christ represents a moral compass for society. B. Roberts countered Williams' view on 17 May, arguing that understanding and identifying carriers of A.I.D.S. is essential to combat the disease. He critiqued an anti-homosexual advertisement, stating it misrepresented legal changes by implying that legalisation would lead to a lack of accountability for homosexuals, which he argued is not the case. Roberts pointed out that the fear surrounding A.I.D.S. is unjustly targeted at homosexuals, asserting that the disease does not discriminate based on sexual orientation. He called for a compassionate approach rooted in the teachings of Jesus, advocating for understanding and change, which he illustrated with the example of the first woman rabbi among patriarchal Jews. In another letter dated 17 May, D. Paterson emphasised a critical view of the claims linking homosexuality to the spread of A.I.D.S. He argued that A.I.D.S. transmission is more about individual behaviours than sexual orientation. He contended that eliminating homosexuality would not prevent the disease, as carriers could infect any partner, regardless of orientation. Lastly, Gregory Smith voiced concern regarding medical opinions against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. He reiterated the alarming medical perspective that passing the bill could lead to an epidemic of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, suggesting this view carries significant weight in the debate about the bill. Overall, the letters highlighted a polarised debate on the intersection of homosexuality, public health, morality, and legislation, with varying perspectives on the implications of the proposed law change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850520_2_73_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850520.2.73.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485352000
6529,20,05,1985,"Sex Change After Accident (Press, 20 May 1985)","On 20 May 1985, a Detroit jury awarded over US$1 million (NZ$2.2 million) in damages to Joseph Pickens, a 23-year-old transsexual who claimed that a bicycle accident involving a Pepsi-Cola truck in 1978 played a significant role in shaping his female identity. The jury determined that Pickens would receive US$1.07 million (NZ$3.74 million) from the Pepsi-Cola bottling group, intended to cover future lost wages and emotional distress stemming from the accident. Pickens, who prefers to be called Tiffany, expressed relief at the conclusion of the trial, stating he would focus on his mental well-being and planned to undergo a sex change operation. The incident in question occurred in September 1978 when Pickens was struck by the Pepsi-Cola truck. He testified that the impact caused the handlebars of his bicycle to hit him in the genitals, an injury he claimed triggered a previously unrecognised inclination towards his female identity. Sanford Roth, Pickens’ attorney, argued that the accident exacerbated Pickens' pre-existing sexual identity disorder. He commented that the case supports a psychiatric theory that Pickens was largely unaware of his predisposition to this disorder prior to the incident. In contrast, Stephen Foley, the lawyer representing Pepsi-Cola, indicated that he would recommend appealing the jury's decision. Foley pointed out that Pickens displayed effeminate behaviours before the accident, claiming that the truck incident did not solely account for his gender identity. Following the accident, Pickens reported a period of impotence lasting two to three months, during which he relocated to Florida and entered into a gay marriage. After this, he returned to Detroit, where he engaged in prostitution and endured three suicide attempts over the following three years. The jury's award is expected to increase due to accumulating interest, potentially adding at least US$500,000 (NZ$1.1 million) to the total compensation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850520_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850520.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485352000
5597,20,05,1985,"Values’ Rejects Motuhake Link (Press, 20 May 1985)","On 20 May 1985, Janet Roborgh, co-leader of the Values Party, stated that formal links between the Values Party and the Mana Motuhake Party were unlikely. However, both parties expressed an openness to collaborate on specific issues. This was highlighted during Mana Motuhake’s leader Matiu Rata's address at the Values Party’s national conference held in Gratia on the previous Saturday. Roborgh noted that the conference allowed both parties to gain a better understanding of each other's perspectives and identify commonalities between them. A key focus for both parties is advocating for proportional representation, which they intend to pursue through submissions to the Royal Commission on the Electoral System. The Values Party conference, notable for its progressive stance, unanimously supported the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Delegates at the conference believed that the passage of this bill would contribute to fostering a society where individuals have autonomy over their own sexuality. Additionally, there were leadership decisions at the conference, with Barry Cresswell from Christchurch being re-elected as president. Mike Ward from Nelson and Janet Roborgh from New Plymouth were also confirmed as co-leaders, continuing their roles within the party’s leadership structure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850520_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850520.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485352000
5604,21,05,1985,"‘Many Misunderstand’ Effect Of Reform Bill (Press, 21 May 1985)","Dr Don McMorland, a key figure in drafting the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, expressed disappointment regarding widespread misconceptions among New Zealanders about the bill's implications for the Human Rights Commission Act. Speaking on 21 May 1985, he clarified that the Human Rights Commission Act remains unchanged in terms of marriage, adoption, custody, and the ability to criticise homosexuals based on their sexual orientation. He emphasised that the bill specifically addresses discrimination against individuals based solely on their homosexual identity and does not alter existing laws concerning marriage or familial rights, which are governed by separate statutes. Dr McMorland noted that the Human Rights Commission Act is limited to issues of employment, housing, and access to services. He highlighted an apparent contradiction in the stances of certain church leaders who advocate love and compassion towards homosexuals yet oppose the anti-discrimination provisions of the bill. He suggested that true support would entail backing measures that protect the rights of homosexual individuals in the workplace and housing. Addressing concerns voiced by some church figures about potential restrictions on preaching against homosexual acts, Dr McMorland firmly stated that such fears are unfounded. He explained that while the Race Relations Act makes incitement to hostility based on race an offence, it does not apply to sexual orientation. Mainstream discourse on homosexuality is thus still permissible under the law. Dr McMorland drew comparisons with similar legislation in New South Wales, which implemented anti-discrimination laws following a report outlining the extent of discrimination and the necessity for protection. He urged that, given the reactions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand, there is a clear need for similar protective measures in the country to safeguard the rights of homosexual individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850521_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850521.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485438400
5603,21,05,1985,"A.I.D.S. Now A World-wide Problem — Report (Press, 21 May 1985)","On 21 May 1985, the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) reported that A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) has become a significant global health issue, with cases doubling annually in the United States and Europe. The organisation highlighted a concerning death rate among A.I.D.S. victims, which currently stands at 40 to 50 per cent. However, this figure is predicted to rise above 90 per cent after subjects are monitored for two to three years. Since the disease's identification in 1981, approximately 11,000 cases have been reported worldwide. According to W.H.O., careful surveillance in the United States and Europe indicated that the number of A.I.D.S. cases was doubling every six months up to 1983, and has since shifted to an annual doubling. The United States has reported over 9,000 cases, while Europe has approximately 800, with additional cases in Africa and reports emerging from Asia and the western Pacific, especially Australia. Dr. Everett Koop, the United States Surgeon-General, speaking at the W.H.O. assembly in Geneva, stated that the development of a vaccine for A.I.D.S. is still a long way off, with a cure being even further in the future. Studies have suggested that as many as 400,000 individuals in the United States and 80,000 in Europe may have been in contact with the A.I.D.S. virus. The W.H.O. noted that over 70 per cent of reported cases in the United States, Europe, Canada, and Australia were primarily among homosexual men or drug users who used unsterilised needles. Moreover, the disease has been transmitted through contaminated blood transfusions and sexual relations. In Africa, the transmission dynamics appear to be predominantly heterosexual, with nearly half of the cases involving women.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850521_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850521.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485438400
5601,21,05,1985,"Extension To Deadline For Petition Welcomed (Press, 21 May 1985)","On 21 May 1985, the organisers of a petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill announced an extension of their deadline until 17 June. This decision was made in response to the postponement of Parliamentary hearings related to the proposed legislation. Graeme Lee, the Member of Parliament for Hauraki and one of the petition's organisers, expressed his satisfaction with the extension, viewing it as a beneficial chance to reach a goal of one million signatures. He noted that time constraints had posed significant challenges for the petitioners, and the additional time would allow people, particularly those in rural areas, to participate and sign. Lee had recently spent time in Timaru, where he gathered opinions from the public during a canvassing effort. He reported that many constituents expressed strong opposition to the bill, indicating that it would play an important role in the upcoming political campaign. However, he observed that alongside concerns about the bill, a significant number of individuals voiced their fears regarding the proposed goods and services tax. To further support the petition movement, Lee suggested to Dr Michael Cullen, the chairman of the Statutes Revision Select Committee, that the committee should hold sessions in major centres to allow for in-person submissions. By this point, Lee reported that 10,000 signatures had already been collected from the Timaru electorate alone, a number he believed would increase with ongoing efforts, including advertisements and additional outreach. Given that there were 22,919 voters in Timaru at the last election, this figure was a significant indicator of public sentiment against the legislation. He noted that while the Labour Party candidate appeared to support the bill, the National Party candidate, Maurice McTigue, openly opposed it, providing voters with a clear choice in the electoral race. Lee anticipated that the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would become a key issue influencing the election of McTigue as the next MP for Timaru.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850521_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850521.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485438400
5600,21,05,1985,"Homosexual Bill Hearings Delay Claim ‘stupid’ (Press, 21 May 1985)","The proceedings regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand's Parliament have faced criticism following claims that hearings were postponed to protect the Labour Party's candidate for the Timaru by-election, Jan Walker, from potential embarrassment. The allegations were made by Invercargill MP Norman Jones, who opposes the bill. He suggested that the postponement was a strategic move by the Labour Party, especially as Walker, who chairs the Labour Women's Council that supports the bill, was contesting the by-election. In response, Dr. Michael Cullen, chairman of the Statutes Revision Select Committee, refuted these claims, calling them ""stupid."" He clarified that the decision to postpone hearings was jointly made by committee members from both National and Labour parties prior to the selection of their candidate. Dr. Cullen explained that the postponement aimed to allow the committee to focus on other pressing government legislation, without specifying when the hearings on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would resume. The committee had received over 300 submissions on the bill, with hearings on only nine completed. Acting Prime Minister and Minister of Justice, Mr. Palmer, expressed he had no knowledge of the committee's reasons for the hearing's postponement, deeming Jones's allegations extraordinary. He emphasized that the bill was a private member's bill rather than a Labour policy matter. While acknowledging Walker's role within the Labour Women’s Council, Palmer noted that her input as a member of Parliament should be independent and reflective of a broader consultation with her constituents. Palmer also critiqued the notion of single-issue politics, highlighting that elected representatives often face challenges when balancing their personal beliefs with the opinions of their electorate. He pointed out that while he is closely monitoring the debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, he has intentionally refrained from public comment as Minister of Justice until he believes the timing is appropriate. He indicated that a future statement might be necessary to address both the merits of the bill and its implications for administration. The postponement of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill hearings has stirred controversy, especially given its potential implications for the by-election and the political dynamics surrounding the Labour Party.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850521_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850521.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485438400
5602,21,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 21 May 1985)","In a letter published on 21 May 1985, Paul Maling addresses the concept of individualism versus collectivism within tribal dynamics. He argues that a tribe's existence relies on the utility of its individuals, with morals imposed on the members. He draws a connection between this philosophy and historical figures like Hitler and Moses, suggesting that when individuals do not conform, they face severe consequences, akin to persecution. Maling contrasts this with the teachings of Christ, who he believes championed the idea of individuals as unique and self-governing beings, accountable only to God for their moral choices. Maling critiques current anti-homosexual laws, branding them as tribal and un-Christian. He asserts that those who claim to be ""concerned Christians"" are, in their actions, dehumanising homosexual men by treating them as non-persons. He concludes by emphasising the importance of support for a bill aimed at abolishing sexual discrimination, arguing that it is a collective responsibility to stand against such laws, regardless of personal beliefs about sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850521_2_78_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850521.2.78.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485438400
5606,22,05,1985,"‘Reform Necessary To Remedy Injustice’ (Press, 22 May 1985)","On 22 May 1985, the Human Rights Commission in New Zealand publicly advocated for the decriminalisation of private homosexual acts between consenting adults, in response to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The commission highlighted that the proposed legislation aimed to address a significant issue of injustice that had persisted for many years. In their statement, they asserted that such acts should not continue to be classified as criminal offences. The commission's stance, however, revealed a divergence of opinion regarding the appropriate age of consent. Some members supported setting the age at 16, while others preferred 18. Regardless of the preferred age, there was a shared concern that adults with influence over young individuals might exploit their position to encourage sexual relationships. Those advocating for an age of 18 favoured equal age limits for both heterosexual and homosexual interactions. They suggested that if individuals aged 16 to 18 engaged in consensual relations, they should not face criminal penalties. The commission proposed that if Parliament were to adopt 16 as the age of consent, it could criminalise relationships involving adults in authoritative roles with anyone under 18. Conversely, should 18 be the chosen age, a defence could be established for consensual acts between partners aged 16 to 18. In justifying the need to reform the law on homosexual acts, the commission pointed to several reasons. It noted that extensive research indicated that homosexuality was an inherent orientation and not a condition that could be altered. They further asserted that it was unrealistic for criminal law to reflect personal morality, which is primarily intended to prevent harm to others or property. The commission highlighted the necessity for consistency and fairness in criminal law and emphasised that a society's treatment of minority groups is reflective of its maturity and enlightenment. Additionally, they addressed potential negative societal and medical impacts resultant from laws that pressured individuals to hide their sexual orientation. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill was currently under review by Parliament’s Statutes Revision Committee. The Human Rights Commission was composed of esteemed members, including Mr Justice Wallace (chairman), Mr Graeme MacCormick, Mr Hiwi Tauroa, Ms Diana Shand, Professor Margaret Clark, and Mrs Sheila Peacocke, all of whom provided their insights on this pivotal issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850522_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850522.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485524800
5605,22,05,1985,"Labour Youth Wants Gst Aborted (Press, 22 May 1985)","The Labour Party's youth wing, Labour Youth, has called for the cancellation of the proposed goods and services tax (GST) following its annual national conference held in Christchurch, which concluded on 20 May 1985. The conference's spokesman, Mr. Steven Bright, indicated that delegates expressed a desire for more comprehensive information from the Government regarding GST before its implementation. The discussions at the conference were described as ""frank and open,"" resulting in a voting tally where 12 delegates opposed the GST, five endorsed it, and eight chose to abstain. Bright noted that the high number of abstentions highlighted the delegates' need for further clarification on the matter. The resolution will be presented at the Labour Party's annual policy conference later in the year for further deliberation. In addition to the GST discussion, the conference passed several other resolutions. One prominent decision was to support the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, urging all Labour members of Parliament to back the legislation. Furthermore, Labour Youth expressed endorsement of the Government’s wage-fixing policy while advocating for regular wage adjustments that accurately reflect the actual inflation rates. They called for price and rent controls to avert soaring inflation. Labour Youth also sought to encourage government assistance for individuals looking to establish new businesses, rather than allowing financial resources to primarily support established, traditional businesses. Another significant resolution was the proposal for state funding for all political parties, irrespective of their ideological beliefs. Additionally, they pushed for a ""parent-independent"" income for students, aimed at alleviating financial pressures on families. This proposal included enhanced support for students facing low incomes or high course fees, reintroduction of the student work scheme, and an expansion of the Student Job Search scheme to facilitate employment opportunities for students.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850522_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850522.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485524800
5607,22,05,1985,"Students’ Council Supports ‘gay’ Reform Bill (Press, 22 May 1985)","On 22 May 1985, the University Students' Association expressed strong support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill during their May Council meeting at Lincoln College. The delegates voted unanimously in favour of the bill, particularly endorsing the proposed age of consent of 16 years, which would apply equally to homosexuals and heterosexuals. In addition to the age of consent, the association supported measures in the bill aimed at providing equal protection for youths and girls against sexual molestation and abuse, as well as the prohibition of discrimination based on sexual orientation. Two key remits addressing the rights of homosexuals were passed by the council. The first remit advocated for affirmative action measures, which included the establishment of positions for homosexual representation within student and other organisations, and the formation of lesbian and ""gay-only"" clubs and activities. It also called for the outlawing of materials that incite hatred towards homosexuals. The second remit was a condemnation of the tactics used by opposing groups who had campaigned against the bill, describing their actions as ""hysterical, ill-informed, and homophobic."" The association highlighted the detrimental impact that the opposition’s campaign was having on individuals, particularly the heightened risks of hatred and violence against the homosexual community. Ms Jessica Wilson, the president of the association, reinforced the argument for setting the same age of consent for homosexuals as for heterosexuals, asserting that if society allows heterosexuals of a specific age to make sexual decisions, there is no justification for treating homosexuals differently. The student organisations collaborated with homosexual groups to advocate for the bill, reflecting a collective concern for the wellbeing of individuals affected by the ongoing debate. Overall, the University Students' Association took a clear stance in favour of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, emphasizing the importance of equality, protection against discrimination, and a call for respectful dialogue regarding issues of sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850522_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850522.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485524800
5608,23,05,1985,"‘Honesty’ Mr Jones’ Plank (Press, 23 May 1985)","On 22 May 1985, Timaru witnessed a vibrant campaign launch for the upcoming by-election, led by Mr Bob Jones, the leader of the New Zealand Party. The event at the Theatre Royal drew an enthusiastic crowd of over 1,000 people, contrasting sharply with the smaller turnouts at the recent National Party and Social Credit meetings. Mr Jones emphasised the need for honesty in politics, asserting that this principle had been neglected by many politicians in New Zealand. His remarks targeted Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay, who was critiqued for his inconsistent stance on the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Mr Jones highlighted how Mr McLay wavered from initially supporting the bill to expressing opposition and subsequently indecision. Furthermore, Mr Jones called out Labour candidate Miss Jan Walker for her equivocation on the same issue. He pointed out that while she had been an activist for reform, she opted to consult the electorate for their opinions rather than taking a definitive stance. Mr Jones underscored his party's commitment to honesty and integrity, contrasting it with what he termed the evasiveness of other political groups. He also took aim at Mr J. A. Banks, the National MP for Whangarei, who suggested that the Tourist Hotel Corporation should establish a hotel in Timaru. Mr Jones criticised this position as hypocritical, pointing out that Mr Banks had been part of a government that forbade such developments for eight years. The core of Mr Jones' argument revolved around the theme of honesty, stating that the conversation should focus on integrity rather than policy proposals that misrepresent past actions. Mr Jones drew attention to the All Blacks' tour as an example of deceit within parliament, where many MPs who privately favoured the tour publicly opposed it. He insisted on the necessity of having representatives in Parliament capable of exposing such duplicity. Reflecting on the Labour Government's tenure, he acknowledged its achievements, claiming it had successfully implemented many policies advocated by the New Zealand Party, while also cautioning against the potential negative impact of a proposed goods and services tax. He regarded this tax as a severe mistake that could lead to significant inflation, expressing scepticism about its actual implementation due to its unpopularity. Overall, Mr Jones’ opening of the campaign for the Timaru by-election was marked by a fervent call for honesty in political dealings and a critique of various parties' approaches to pressing social issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850523_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850523.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485611200
5609,23,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 23 May 1985)","In a recent exchange of letters published in a New Zealand newspaper, two correspondents expressed opposing views on the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Mark D. Sadler argued against the idea of heterosexuality being threatened by the bill, claiming that there is a growing movement to redefine flirtation between heterosexuals as sexual harassment, which he believes could lead to legal ramifications. He cited a survey by Alfred Kinsey, indicating that a significant number of male teenagers engage in homosexual activities, suggesting that sexual orientation can be fluid, particularly among the poorly educated. Sadler implied that the legislation, which some proponents argue fixes sexual orientation at an early age, could inadvertently lead to more males identifying as homosexual as they mature. In stark contrast, Hilary Wilson expressed her disquiet regarding what she perceives as a hate campaign against homosexuality. She voiced her concerns about the hostility directed towards supporters of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, describing it as reminiscent of the past oppression experienced during the Muldoon era in New Zealand. Wilson championed the rights of gay individuals to love freely, comparable to heterosexual relationships, and urged those who had been coerced into signing a petition against the bill to reconsider their stance and alleviate the harm caused by such actions. Both letters reflect the heated debate surrounding homosexual rights in New Zealand during this period, underlining the complex interplay of social attitudes, legal reforms, and the push for equality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850523_2_103_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850523.2.103.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485611200
5610,23,05,1985,"Parents Uneasy About Bill (Press, 23 May 1985)","The Concerned Parents Association has raised concerns about the potential impact on education in New Zealand if the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is enacted. According to the association's chairman, Mr Peter Clements, subjects like health education and home economics, which cover topics such as family life, interpersonal relationships, and sex education, could be heavily influenced by the bill. Clements argues that if homosexuality and lesbianism are legally recognised, teachers would be obliged to present these topics as acceptable options to students. He also expressed skepticism regarding the effectiveness of proposed parental consultation measures put forth by Minister of Education, Mr Marshall, suggesting they are impractical. In response, Mr Marshall has dismissed claims from opponents of the bill, stating that their assertions about the content of the new health education syllabus are unfounded. He clarified that the syllabus does not promote a specific perspective on homosexual relationships and that not all students will be exposed to the same teachings. The debate highlights a significant divide between those advocating for reform and opponents expressing concerns about its implications for educational content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850523_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850523.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485611200
5611,24,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 24 May 1985)","In a letter to the editor, Bruce Morrison addresses the varying opinions among Christian ministers regarding homosexuality, highlighting a wide spectrum of views that range from complete acceptance and support for legalisation to the extreme belief that homosexuals, along with adulterers and rebellious children, should face execution. He notes that despite these differing perspectives, all these ministers are guided by the same religious text, the Bible. Morrison suggests that this disparity in interpretation reveals the ambiguity of the Bible and implies that relying on it for guidance in formulating civil law is ultimately futile. The letter is dated 22 May 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850524_2_121_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850524.2.121.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485697600
5612,25,05,1985,"Support For ‘gay’ Bill Welcomed (Press, 25 May 1985)","The Human Rights Commission's endorsement of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill has received positive feedback from MP Fran Wilde, who is promoting the legislation for Wellington Central. Wilde praised the commission's report as a clear and balanced overview of the proposed law. She highlighted that the commission's differing views on the age of consent apply to both heterosexual and homosexual activities. Despite these differences, the commission stands united in advocating for equality under the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850525_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850525.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485784000
5614,27,05,1985,"A.I.D.S. Victim (Press, 27 May 1985)","An Invercargill man has been diagnosed with A.I.D.S., having first shown symptoms in May 1983, according to a letter written by Dr K. R. Romeril, a haematologist at Southland Hospital, published in the New Zealand Medical Journal. The man, who was 18 at the time, contracted the disease prior to the first officially reported case in New Zealand in 1984. Dr Romeril recounted that the patient fell ill following a three-week holiday in San Francisco, experiencing significant weight loss and various symptoms associated with the disease. Although he slowly recovered, his health deteriorated again in September 1983 when he developed another severe infection. In addition to this, he faced recurring mouth infections. Dr Romeril characterised the patient's initial condition as an acute A.I.D.S. introvirus infection, highlighting the early onset of the disease well ahead of its acknowledged emergence in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850527_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850527.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485956800
5613,27,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Bill 'could Wreck’ Chances In... (Press, 27 May 1985)","At a Labour Party conference held in Palmerston North on 25 May 1985, Geoff Braybrooke, the MP for Napier, expressed concerns that the proposed homosexual law reform could jeopardise the Labour Party's chances in the upcoming Timaru by-election. Braybrooke, a prominent opponent of Fran Wilde's reform bill, referred to the proposal as the ""kiss of death in a provincial town."" His remarks came during discussions on two remits concerning sexual orientation discrimination and the criminalisation of same-sex acts. One remit urged the government to amend the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation, while the other sought to revise the Crimes Act to legalise consensual sexual acts between males aged over 16. Braybrooke argued that these remits would not influence public opinion positively in New Zealand, citing a poll in Napier where 74 per cent of respondents opposed any changes to existing laws. He believed that the support for the reforms might hinder Labour's candidate, Jan Walker, in the Timaru election. Despite Braybrooke's opposition, the conference, attended by approximately 100 delegates, overwhelmingly passed both remits in favour of reform. Braybrooke also sought support for a Royal commission and a referendum on the issue but was unsuccessful in that endeavour. Additionally, there was tension at the conference between Braybrooke and Annette King, the MP for Horowhenua, over the Ministry of Defence base at Tangimoana. King advocated for an investigation into the base and the assurance that data from the base would not be shared with nuclear powers. Braybrooke countered by referencing reassurances from Prime Minister David Lange and Defence Minister O'Flynn regarding the base’s operations. Ultimately, the remit calling for an investigation was adopted. The conference also narrowly approved a remit that called on the government to establish a peace tax. However, a proposal seeking research into coping with a nuclear winter was rejected by the delegates. The discussions reflected a broader national debate over homosexual law reform and defence policies, showcasing divisions within the Labour Party concerning these contentious issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850527_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850527.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485956800
5615,27,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 27 May 1985)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 27 May 1985, writers voiced their concerns and criticisms regarding the Human Rights Commission's support for the Homosexual Reform Bill. One writer, J. Nihoniho, argued that the commission was contradicting its stance from December 22, 1980, where it claimed that homosexuality could not be equated with statuses such as race or sex. Nihoniho contended that the commission was abandoning moral absolutes and making the concept of ""human rights"" contingent on the members' views, raising concerns about the commission's independence and the implications of its role in the proposed legislation. Nihoniho pointed out that the commission, funded by taxpayers, was not an elected body and was thus not representative of the public's views when it took on a dual role as both promoter and implementer of legal changes. Another letter from Varian J. Wilson criticized the commission's support in light of the rising concern over A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, noting the fourth reported death linked to the disease at that time. Wilson expressed fears that New Zealand was becoming a ""pederasty haven"" and questioned the effectiveness of the proposed measures to control the spread of A.I.D.S. without registration of potential carriers. The letter suggested the need for stricter regulations, including requirements for tourists to disclose their health status and face penalties for non-compliance. Wilson also cited Dr. Janet Say, who had suggested that the A.I.D.S. epidemic could be significantly mitigated if individuals had only one sexual partner. He expressed scepticism about the likelihood of this approach being adopted, particularly within the gay community, arguing that it would not achieve the desired outcome in controlling the epidemic. Together, these letters reflect the contentious debate around the Homosexual Reform Bill and the implications for society, health, and human rights in New Zealand during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850527_2_102_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850527.2.102.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,485956800
5618,28,05,1985,"Call To Tighten Up Transplant Rules (Press, 28 May 1985)","On 28 May 1985, two kidney specialists, Dr Ross Bailey from Christchurch and Dr James Neale from Wellington, urged for stricter organ transplant procedures in New Zealand to mitigate the risk of spreading the A.I.D.S. virus. They recommended that New Zealand adopt Australian guidelines that include the A.I.D.S. antibody test to identify individuals who might have been exposed to the virus. This recommendation comes from the understanding that the A.I.D.S. virus is transmissible through body fluids, raising the alarm that it could also be transmitted via transplanted organs, particularly kidneys. The doctors, who are members of the New Zealand Council of the Australasian Society of Nephrology, expressed concerns that transplant recipients, who typically take immunosuppressive drugs to prevent organ rejection, could be at an even greater risk as these medications weaken their immune systems. They proposed that both patients and potential donors should be screened for membership in high-risk groups, such as homosexuals and intravenous drug users, and that anyone testing positive for A.I.D.S. exposure should be excluded from the transplant process, whether as a donor or a recipient. In cases involving deceased donors, the transplant team should assess the likelihood of the deceased being in a high-risk group and carry out A.I.D.S. antibody testing. Concurrently, the World Health Organisation (WHO) released data indicating that estimated exposures to the A.I.D.S. virus in the United States range from 400,000 to 800,000 individuals, with an additional 80,000 in Europe. The WHO advocated that blood and organ donors should be screened for A.I.D.S. exposure whenever feasible. They noted that while A.I.D.S. predominantly affected homosexual men and drug users in the United States, Europe, and Australia, the disease appeared to be transmitted heterosexually in Africa, with significant involvement of women in the statistics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850528_2_144_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850528.2.144.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486043200
5617,28,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Survey (Press, 28 May 1985)","A survey conducted by Mr Philip Burdon, the Member of Parliament for Fendalton, has revealed divided opinions among local constituents regarding homosexual law reform. The survey, which aimed to capture the views of a random sample of 2000 residents, yielded a significant response rate of 20%, with 402 completed questionnaires returned. Of these responses, 186 individuals, representing 46.5%, supported reform, while 210, or 52.25%, were opposed. Another six respondents were unsure, accounting for 1.25% of the replies. Additionally, Mr Burdon has received 205 letters on the topic from his constituents, with 113 letters, or 55.12%, supporting the reform and 92, or 44.88%, opposing it. He noted that the overall sentiment in his electorate appears to be split on the issue. An interesting aspect of the survey findings is that a substantial 80% of those sampled did not express strong enough feelings to respond, indicating a level of indifference or a lack of strong opinion on the matter among the majority of constituents. Among the respondents who favoured reform, preferences regarding the age of consent varied. Specifically, 71 individuals supported an age of consent set at 16 years, 51 preferred 18 years, and 56 suggested it should be 20 years. Four respondents expressed uncertainty about the appropriate age. Mr Burdon indicated his intention to continue engaging with the public to gauge opinions on homosexual law reform, actively seeking feedback from voters and reviewing evidence presented to Parliament. This approach reflects his commitment to understanding the community's stance on this significant social issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850528_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850528.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486043200
5616,28,05,1985,"Parliament Resumes Today (Press, 28 May 1985)","On 28 May 1985, the New Zealand Parliament resumed its forty-first session, aiming to tackle a significant amount of pending legislation that is set to result in an unprecedented number of sitting days this year. A variety of notable bills are slated for discussion, including those addressing compulsory unionism, promoting commercial competition, reforming homosexual and rape laws, enhancing sex education, introducing a goods and services tax, and advancing anti-nuclear laws. Before delving into these legislative matters, Parliament is required to elect a new Speaker to succeed the late Sir Basil Arthur. The Government will nominate Dr Gerry Wall, the member for Porirua, for this position. Following this nomination, the Parliament will briefly adjourn to allow the Speaker-elect to present themselves to the Governor-General, Sir David Beattie. In a gesture of respect for Sir Basil, the House is likely to adjourn early the following day after several members deliver valedictory speeches. By Thursday, Parliament is expected to return to its legislative agenda.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850528_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850528.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486043200
5619,29,05,1985,"Candidates Give Views (Press, 29 May 1985)","The upcoming by-election for the Timaru electorate, scheduled for June 15, 1985, follows the passing of the late member of Parliament, Sir Basil Arthur. In anticipation of the election, candidates have addressed various contentious issues, including homosexual law reform and irrigation concerns. Six individuals are competing to succeed the late Sir Basil in representing Timaru in Parliament. Their responses to these key issues have been detailed in a publication, providing insights into their positions and visions for the electorate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850529_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850529.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486129600
5620,29,05,1985,"Freedom More Or Less (Press, 29 May 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 29 May 1985, Robert Trueman addresses concerns raised by J. B. Sanderson regarding the concept of freedom. Trueman expresses both perplexity and concern over Sanderson's cynical perspective on this critical issue. He finds the discussion on the right to oppose freedom to be somewhat amusing, yet acknowledges that Sanderson has the right to voice his views and subject himself to public scrutiny and ridicule. Trueman highlights the struggles of various marginalized groups, such as the poor, unemployed, homosexuals, and those against vivisection, contrasting their fight for rights with Sanderson’s outlook. He concludes with a pointed remark, suggesting that for individuals like Sanderson, who may not acknowledge the complexities of freedom and opposition, the phrase ""if the cap fits, wear it"" is particularly fitting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850529_2_108_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850529.2.108.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486129600
6717,29,05,1985,"Gathering Of Women At Decade’s End (Press, 29 May 1985)","Hundreds of women from across New Zealand are set to gather in Christchurch for a festival that commemorates the conclusion of the International Decade for Women. Scheduled events will kick off on the evening of Friday, 31 May 1985, beginning with a public opening at the Christchurch Town Hall. Notable speakers at the event will include Mrs Ann Hercus, the Minister of Women’s Affairs, Dr Gail Radford, who is the director of the Australian Equal Opportunity Employment Bureau, and Dame Miriam Dell, the president of the International Council of Women. The opening will feature a specially written poem for women, which will be performed by Keri Hulme accompanied by music. On Saturday, the festival will host 74 workshops at Christchurch Teachers’ College, covering a diverse range of topics such as pregnancy and childbirth, psychodrama, women’s legal rights, lesbian issues, and stress management. An interfaith service is planned for Sunday morning in the Teachers’ College auditorium, which will commence with an Indian candle-lighting ceremony. On Monday, delegates attending the festival will be able to enjoy a variety of activities, including rural tours, walks at locations such as Onawe Peninsula, Weka Pass, and McIntosh Beach, as well as horse trekking, small-bore rifle shooting, and rock climbing. The festival will also showcase photographs and arts and crafts throughout the weekend. Mrs Grace Hollander, the convener of the organising committee, reported that while registrations had started slowly, they were now coming in at a rate exceeding 100 per day. The opening session at the Town Hall will be limited by the capacity of the venue, but the organisers have also imposed participant limits on some workshops, with restrictions set at 20 or 30 attendees. Mrs Hollander expressed optimism about the turnout, stating, “It looks as though we are going to get a good crowd.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850529_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850529.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486129600
5621,30,05,1985,"A Month Of Nostalgia Will Mark 25 Years Of Tv (Press, 30 May 1985)","On 30 May 1985, Television New Zealand (TVNZ) announced plans to commemorate the twenty-fifth anniversary of its first regular television transmissions, which began on June 1, 1960. To celebrate this milestone, TVNZ will dedicate the entire month of June to nostalgia, featuring programming from the early days of New Zealand television, particularly from the 1960s. TVNZ's controller of programmes, Mr Des Monaghan, indicated that while many popular shows would be included, some original tapes or films have been lost or destroyed, presenting challenges in securing broadcast rights. Despite these setbacks, Monaghan expressed confidence that a variety of programmes would resonate fondly with viewers. The nostalgia month will kick off with a special three-and-a-half-hour showcase titled ""An Entertainment Showcase of 25 years of Television in New Zealand,"" featuring clips from classic TVNZ shows and appearances by some familiar figures from the early days. The programming for the month will include the western series ""Bonanza,"" which will replace the Disney programme on Sunday nights, along with the first two episodes of Britain's longest-running drama, ""Coronation Street."" This will mark the first time these episodes have been aired in New Zealand, as the series had previously been picked up considerably later in its run. Throughout the first week of nostalgia programming, viewers can also expect to see the medical drama ""Dr Kildare,"" starring Richard Chamberlain, as well as ""Hancock's Half Hour,"" a vintage British comedy featuring Tony Hancock. Other anticipated shows throughout June include ""The Adventures of Robin Hood,"" ""The Black and White Minstrel Show,"" the spy series ""The Man From U.N.C.L.E.,"" and dramas such as ""Perry Mason"" and ""The Naked Civil Servant."" A serious highlight will be the documentary ""Cathy Come Home,"" which, after its 1968 debut, generated significant discussion due to its depiction of social issues, particularly homelessness among single mothers. The nostalgia month will also feature appearances from former TVNZ announcers who will intersperse continuity with regular programming, alongside notable personalities like children's host Stu Dennison, who was known for coining catchy phrases used by young viewers. Dennison's return to television is scheduled for the Queen’s Birthday weekend, where he will disrupt the children's programme ""What Now."" Through these nostalgic broadcasts, TVNZ aims to celebrate its history while reengaging audiences with beloved shows and personalities from the past, evoking cherished memories of New Zealand's early television landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_88_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.88.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
7158,30,05,1985,"A.I.D.S. Head To Resign (Press, 30 May 1985)","Mr Bruce Burnett, the co-ordinator of the A.I.D.S. Support Network in New Zealand, is set to resign due to declining health, as confirmed by an official from the organisation on 30 May 1985. The chairman of the network's trust board, Ms Kate Leslie, stated that Mr Burnett's condition has significantly deteriorated, and he is unable to continue in his role. He has been diagnosed with A.I.D.S., which has progressed to widespread cancer. In light of his situation, Mr Burnett plans to dedicate the time he has left to ensuring that the organisation he founded is well-prepared to communicate the realities of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand in a clear and unemotional manner. Ms Leslie affirmed that the network will carry on the important work Mr Burnett initiated over a year ago, which includes providing information, counselling, and resources related to A.I.D.S. in the country. Importantly, she noted that Mr Burnett is not currently hospitalised.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
5622,30,05,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 30 May 1985)","In a recent edition of ""The Press,"" E. R. L. Wilson responded to advertisements that derided homosexuals, claiming that they inaccurately quoted data from the Kinsey Report. Wilson clarified that the data referenced actually comes from a book titled ""Homosexualities,"" authored by Bell and Weinberg, which focuses specifically on the homosexual community in San Francisco. He highlighted that the advertisers overlooked critical insights from the book, particularly a statement asserting that many homosexuals exemplify social comportment and psychological maturity, and that they are largely indistinguishable from heterosexuals in non-sexual aspects of life. Wilson inferred that those he termed “Concerned Christians” are adept at selectively quoting scripture and are likely to misinterpret various texts, including scholarly works. In a separate but related letter, Jenifer Bartlett addressed Bruce Morrison's commentary, arguing that the individual interpretation of biblical texts by different Christian ministers suggests the ambiguity of the scriptures, rendering them less authoritative. Bartlett drew a parallel between the interpretation of the Bible and the law, suggesting that ambiguity also exists in legal contexts due to personal interpretation. She posited that throwing out the law would not be a viable solution, as the integrity and honesty of individuals will ultimately influence how both laws and scriptures are understood and applied. She quoted Matthew 7:16, implying that an individual's true nature is revealed by their actions. These letters illustrate ongoing debates regarding the interpretation of religious texts and the representation of sexual orientation, reflecting broader societal discussions of the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_93_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.93.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
5623,30,05,1985,"Labour Eyes Parochialism (Press, 30 May 1985)","The campaign for the Timaru seat ahead of the by-election on 15 June 1985 will see the four main political parties—Labour, National, Social Credit, and the New Zealand Party—compete with diverse issues and strategies. Labour leader Mr Lange emphasised a psychological approach aimed at appealing to local sentiments, hoping to retain the seat which Labour has held for 57 years. He intends to focus on Timaru-specific issues to avoid any backlash against the Government's performance nationally. Lange has dismissed large public meetings as unproductive, opting instead for intimate discussions with constituents, recognising that Timaru residents value local identity and have a degree of scepticism towards solutions from Wellington. He characterised the electorate as self-reliant, indicating that locals are prepared to evaluate the Government’s record over a longer period rather than responding to recent difficulties such as price rises or interest rate increases. One of Labour's critical campaign messages will centre on employment, where Lange claims the Government has performed well, although he acknowledged some local migration may have affected unemployment figures. The drought's impact on local industries and the economy has also emerged as a significant concern. The local candidate for Labour is Jan Walker, a legal officer with ties to Timaru, though her views on social issues such as homosexual law reform have sparked controversy. Nevertheless, Labour maintains that she will engage with voters to represent their views in Parliament. Lange anticipates that voter opinions will be influenced more by candidates than by party affiliation, as Timaruvian voters show a preference for local identifiers over broader party loyalty. He expressed concerns regarding traditional Labour supporters possibly abstaining from voting, which underpins Labour’s grassroots approach to voter engagement. Opposition parties have different tactics, with National Party leader Mr McLay’s critical speeches likely to not resonate with Timaru’s electorate. The presence of former National Party leader Sir Robert Muldoon, who remains influential through a dissenting faction, and the potential impact of the New Zealand Party spearheaded by Bob Jones, pose further complexities to the campaign landscape. As the parties gear up for this crucial by-election, each is strategising to effectively communicate their messages while navigating the unique political climate of Timaru.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
5624,30,05,1985,"Mr Jones—honesty First (Press, 30 May 1985)","On 30 May 1985, Bob Jones, the leader of the New Zealand Party, expressed his commitment to an election campaign focused on the theme of honesty in politics. Acknowledging the government's positive economic measures, Jones aimed to differentiate his party by attacking the credibility of the other three main political parties, which he accused of being deceitful. He highlighted perceived inconsistencies, particularly criticising the National Party for calling for economic freedom while simultaneously opposing government actions that promoted it. He also condemned Labour for its handling of issues surrounding the drought and the superannuation surtax. Jones expressed a strong belief that the New Zealand Party had played a significant role in shaping the current government's policies, stating that their proposals had largely influenced the government’s actions over its first ten months in power. He expressed his party's desire to prevent the return of what he termed ""no-hopers"" to govern, advocating for a radical change in the political landscape of New Zealand. He deemed both trade unions and the former Prime Minister, Sir Robert Muldoon, as irrelevant figures opposing right-wing economic reforms. Despite his support for many government actions, Jones noted some concerns regarding taxation policies, which he planned to address during his campaign, particularly in the Timaru electorate. He was confident about the New Zealand Party's chances in the upcoming by-election, attributing the party's underwhelming performance in the previous snap election to his lack of presence in Timaru and Invercargill. He stressed that by-elections tend to disadvantage the Labour Party due to low voter turnout among its supporters. Jones touted the party's candidate for Timaru, Bill Greenslade, a surgeon, as potentially the best choice for voters, believing that his profession would garner respect and support from the public. Additionally, he anticipated that social issues, such as the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, would become significant topics in the campaign. He challenged the Labour candidate, Jan Walker, to clearly articulate her stance on abortion and homosexual law reform, asserting his own willingness to openly share his positions on various issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
5626,30,05,1985,"National Sees Close Links (Press, 30 May 1985)","In the early stages of the by-election campaign, the Labour Party has chosen to underplay various issues, in contrast to National Party leader Mr McLay, who has addressed a range of concerns primarily linked to a prolonged drought affecting both rural and urban communities in the Timaru electorate. Mr McLay believes that the drought has resulted in significant business declines in Timaru due to reduced spending by farmers, which he argues has not been adequately addressed by the Government. He criticises the Labour Government’s handling of drought relief, asserting that the stringent criteria for assistance have left many farmers in severe debt, exacerbated by two droughts within three years at high interest rates. Regionally, Mr McLay claims that recent government budgets have effectively destroyed irrigation projects, and he predicts no new irrigation schemes will emerge under Labour's tenure. The National Party, under his leadership, has promised to establish new irrigation criteria aimed at facilitating the development of such major schemes, which Mr McLay argues would benefit not only farmers but also create jobs and support local economies. He also highlights the issue of electricity pricing, pledging that a National government would restore a 25 percent concession for South Island industrial users and a general 10 percent concession, maintaining that the South Island’s electricity production costs warrant this support. Mr McLay criticises Labour for allegedly breaking a promise made by Prime Minister Mr Lange regarding power price reductions in 1983. Taxation is another focal point of Mr McLay's campaign, where he notes widespread discontent over the goods and services tax (GST) and other taxes affecting national superannuation. He suggests that while National supports a shift from direct to indirect taxation, GST is not a viable option, especially if it only serves to fund social welfare benefits that should not be needed by wage earners. The National Party also advocates for a return to a universal pension, reaffirming the principle that those of qualifying age should receive a pension without penalties, despite uncertainties surrounding future taxation implications. Additionally, Mr McLay plans to address various other issues during the campaign, including rising food prices and interest rates, making the case that the government could lower rates while managing its deficits effectively. Other topics of interest include New Zealand's international relations, particularly concerning the ANZUS relationship, disarmament, compulsory unionism, and sporting contacts. Taking up Mr Lange’s challenge regarding leadership, Mr McLay expresses confidence in his record, criticizing the current government's performance in managing inflation, interest levels, and food prices. He acknowledges internal differences within the National Party as a typical opposition issue rather than a policy disagreement. Mr McLay anticipates that the by-election will spotlight differing stances on key social issues, particularly homosexual law reform, given the contrasting views between the major parties and third-party perspectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
6718,30,05,1985,"Noisy Protest Over Club’s Entertainment (Press, 30 May 1985)","On the evening of 29 May 1985, a lively and at times confrontational protest took place outside the Richmond Working Men's Club, opposing an ""erotic"" revue named the ""Top Cat Revue."" The protest attracted between 100 to 150 participants, many of whom were vocal in expressing their antipornography sentiments. They were prevented from accessing the club's carpark and entrance by police presence, although there were some instances of scuffling between protesters and law enforcement. No arrests were made during the demonstration. Lesley James, a member of Women Against Pornography, expressed her satisfaction with the protest turnout, believing that their message had been effectively communicated. By 8:45 p.m., most protesters had departed from the scene. A club official, who chose to remain anonymous, expressed disappointment over both the protest and the extensive media coverage the revue had received. He defended the show, claiming it was comparable to various other performances hosted by the club and noted that the club had received numerous calls and letters regarding the revue—explicitly stating that the calls were filled with vulgarity while the letters contained pornographic content. Although the official did not disclose ticket sales numbers, he stated that the revue experienced strong patronage. Support for the protest came from various groups, including Men Against Sexism and a Lesbian and Gay Action Group. One protester articulated the concern that women were often confronted with narrow definitions of their worth, driven by their bodies and the societal expectation to attract male attention. She argued that entertainment like the revue reinforces these limiting images. Conversely, some club members defended the show, suggesting that attendees have the right to choose the entertainment they wish to engage with. One elderly member criticized the protest, indicating that those who disapproved of the performance did not need to attend it, and remarked that such forms of entertainment were commonplace, even at beaches. A younger member labelled the protesters as “idiotic,” asserting the adult nature of the entertainment and the members' autonomy in deciding what to watch. Overall, the event highlighted the tension between differing views on adult entertainment and its portrayal of women within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
5625,30,05,1985,"Socred Offers “difference” (Press, 30 May 1985)","In a statement made on 30 May 1985, Social Credit leader Bruce Beetham expressed optimism about his party's chances in the upcoming election for the Timaru seat, citing their success in Pakuranga during the snap general election the previous year. During that election, National had expected to win but ultimately lost to Social Credit’s Neil Morrison. Beetham highlighted the effectiveness of their campaign manager, Henry Raynel, who previously organised successful campaigns in other electorates. According to Beetham’s canvassing, Labour held a lead in Timaru, with National slightly ahead of Social Credit, while the New Zealand Party was significantly trailing. However, he noted that up to 50 per cent of voters were still undecided. Beetham outlined Social Credit's strategy, which focuses on presenting a distinct economic policy that sets them apart from Labour, National, and the New Zealand Party. He accused Labour of abandoning its traditional values, claiming it was adopting a far-right, monetarist approach. He stated that National was also confused in its efforts to return to the same ideological ground, while the New Zealand Party lacked effective policies due to Labour's dominance. The Social Credit campaign will address both local and national concerns. Locally, Beetham mentioned issues like drought, a sewerage scheme, coastal erosion control, irrigation, and fluoridation that he believed would resonate with constituents in Timaru. Nationally, key voter concerns included the proposed goods and services tax, superannuation surtax, high interest rates, inflation, and increasing government charges. Social Credit's candidate, Lynley Simmons, has taken a clear stance against liberalising laws regarding homosexuality and abortion, which Beetham believed would appeal to some voters who might be uncomfortable with the ""trendy Lefty"" views of Labour’s candidate, Jan Walker. After losing support in the previous election, where they garnered about 4,500 votes in 1981, Beetham is hopeful that this time they can regain lost ground. He described the earlier election as a unique situation driven by a strong desire to remove then-Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon, resulting in Labour receiving support as the alternative. However, Beetham is confident that the current political climate is different, with a growing dissatisfaction and even disgust directed towards Labour's performance among the electorate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850530_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850530.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486216000
5627,31,05,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 31 May 1985)","On 31 May 1985, members of Parliament in Wellington observed a moment of silence in honour of the late Arthur Faulkner, a former member of Parliament and Cabinet Minister, who passed away on 15 May. Faulkner served as the member for Roskill from 1957 to 1981 and held various ministerial positions in the Labour Government between 1972 and 1975, including Minister of Defence and Minister of Labour. During the session, V. S. Young, a member from the National Party, presented a petition signed by Dr J. P. McMenamin and 1,382 others, urging Parliament to legislate the recognition of unborn children as human persons throughout pregnancy. Additionally, Minister of Energy, Mr Tizard, presented another petition from Valerie R. Insley and the Tamaki Estuary Protection Society, along with 1,808 others, requesting a ban on commercial and private net-setting in the Tamaki River and other waters to protect recreational activities and wildlife. Significant opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was evident as S. D. Upton, also from the National Party, submitted petitions from several groups, including Maud Ditchburn and 34 others, urging Parliament to reject the proposed legislation. Furthermore, R. J. Northey from the Labour Party presented a petition from Barbara Smith and the Auckland branch of the Nurses' Association, alongside 66 supporters, calling for the repeal of the State Services Conditions of Employment Amendment Act from 1983. R. F. H. Maxwell, another National Party member, also advocated for the repeal of the same Act with a petition from the Stratford branch of the Nurses' Association and 103 others. In addition to the petitions, the Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, tabled two important reports: the Securities Commission report for the year ended in March 1985, and the Prisons Parole Board report for the year ended in December 1984. The session included the presentation of ten notices of motion and responses to 19 questions from ministers. The Minister of Lands, Mr Wetere, introduced the Survey Bill, which was sent to the Land and Agriculture Select Committee. Meanwhile, Dr B. C. Gregory reported on the Maori Purposes Bill with amendments, which was scheduled for a second reading in the next sitting. In a notable move, Minister of Finance, Mr Douglas, called for the introduction of the Imprest Supply Bill, which completed its first reading when the House reconvened at 7.30 p.m. The leading Labour figure, Mr Palmer, sought urgency for the bill, resulting in extended debate beyond the usual closing time of 10.30 p.m. The discussion persisted until 11 p.m. when the bill underwent its second and third readings, concluding with the House rising at 11.33 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850531_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850531.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486302400
5630,03,06,1985,"‘Women’s Priority To Support Gay Rights’ (Press, 3 June 1985)","On 3 June 1985, Ros Noonan, an organiser of the International Women’s Year in 1975, stated that advocating for homosexual law reform is now a crucial focus for the women’s movement. Speaking at a Talkback session in Christchurch during the Women’s Decade Festival, Noonan highlighted the similarities between the fight for homosexual law reform and the goals of the women's movement. Approximately 100 women attended the discussion, which concluded with a significant resolution supporting the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Noonan emphasised the importance of allowing individuals to choose their own lifestyles and sexuality, framing it as part of the broader pursuit of human rights and the aim to provide equality of opportunity. She called for a fair distribution of the nation’s resources to women, asserting that essential services for women, like rape crisis centres and refuges, often struggle to secure funding while less meaningful activities receive substantial financial support. To foster women's advancement in the workplace, Noonan advocated for practical changes such as improved childcare, paid parental leave, a reduced working week, and the sharing of jobs. She critiqued the existing work structure, which she argued is designed primarily for male workers who have support from women at home, noting that many women in the workforce experience significant stress by juggling multiple responsibilities. Noonan argued that opposition to the homosexual law reform bill comes from the same groups that resist women's equality, seeking to confine women to limited roles. The session also included a panel discussion reflecting on the trajectory of the women’s movement after a decade of initiatives. Participants expressed frustration that despite notable achievements over the past ten years, many core issues remain unresolved. Noonan pointed out that while women have made strides, the response from those in power has been minimal, leaving many of the victories vulnerable. She insisted that women must persist in their efforts to secure equality in all areas of life, allowing them to manage family, community involvement, and work similarly to men. She stressed the need for economic issues, such as housing, healthcare, and fuel costs, to remain in the public realm to enhance women's influence and participation. Noonan also noted a significant development in recognising longstanding societal myths concerning classlessness and racial equality in New Zealand, underlining the importance of supporting Māori and Polynesian women, as well as combating racism, to eliminate broader discrimination against women. The session concluded with Noonan asserting that women must have access to basic necessities—like secure housing, adequate food, and good health standards—if they are to effectively advocate for any further rights or reforms. She firmly stated that without these fundamental provisions, the women's movement cannot hope to progress.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850603_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850603.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486561600
7159,03,06,1985,"A.I.D.S. Victim Dies (Press, 3 June 1985)","Bruce Burnett, the founder of New Zealand’s A.I.D.S. Support Network, passed away in Auckland on Saturday, 1 June 1985, due to an A.I.D.S.-related illness. His recent diagnosis as having acquired immune deficiency syndrome came just days before his death. Bill Logan, co-ordinator of the Gay Task Force, expressed deep sorrow over Burnett's passing, noting that it was a significant loss for those fighting against the disease. Logan praised Burnett's extensive efforts, stating that he contributed more than any other individual to prepare New Zealand for the challenges posed by A.I.D.S. He highlighted Burnett's proactive approach, which began long before funding or public acknowledgment for such work existed. Burnett engaged in nationwide efforts, travelling extensively to give talks and provide advice on A.I.D.S. prevention. His lobbying endeavours pushed health authorities to focus on the emerging crisis, and his dedication led to the establishment of the A.I.D.S. Support Network, which comprises trained counsellors available for support. Logan acknowledged the significant, albeit not immediately visible, impact Burnett had on saving lives through his work. In recognition of Burnett’s contributions and legacy, there are hopes for the creation of a special fund in his memory aimed at assisting individuals affected by A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850603_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850603.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486561600
5631,03,06,1985,"Anti-bill Petition Boost Planned (Press, 3 June 1985)","On 3 June 1985, opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand is intensifying as campaigners plan to enhance their signature collection efforts with a national advertising campaign. Mr Graeme Lee, a National Party member of Parliament for Hauraki, announced that the goal is to amass a million signatures by 15 June. The petition initiative, which has been active for 11 weeks, currently anticipates reaching over 750,000 signatures soon. The campaign will feature advertisements containing new information regarding A.I.D.S. and health warnings from New Zealand doctors, which are set to appear in daily newspapers. Mr Lee and fellow MP Mr Norman Jones from Invercargill have been at the forefront of the opposition, firmly against the bill aimed at decriminalising consensual homosexual activity among males aged over 16. Additionally, the bill seeks to offer protection for children under 16 and include amendments to the Human Rights Commission Act to prevent discrimination based on sexual orientation. The bill is currently under review by a Parliamentary select committee, with submissions' hearings anticipated to continue for months. Meanwhile, the Deputy Prime Minister, Mr Palmer, has indicated that there is an expectation for Parliament to address the bill within the current year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850603_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850603.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486561600
5632,03,06,1985,"Poll Against ‘gay’ Law Bill (Press, 3 June 1985)","In a recent postal poll conducted by the Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay, over 60 per cent of respondents in his Birkenhead electorate expressed opposition to the proposed homosexual law reform. The poll surveyed 1,995 residents and garnered a notable response rate of 56 per cent, marking it as the largest turnout Mr McLay has experienced in any public opinion survey in Birkenhead, with a margin of error of plus or minus 4 per cent. The results indicated that 60.4 per cent of respondents were against the legalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adult males. Additionally, 10.3 per cent supported legalisation at the age of 16, while 26.3 per cent preferred it at the age of 20. A small fraction, 3 per cent, indicated they were unsure about their stance. Mr McLay withheld further commentary on the survey results during a press conference following a caucus meeting, although he acknowledged that the findings aligned with the correspondence he had been receiving from constituents. He reaffirmed his opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, stating he would vote against it during its second reading. Furthermore, he mentioned that he had already voiced significant concerns regarding the bill when it was initially presented.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850603_2_150.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850603.2.150,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486561600
6530,03,06,1985,"Study Of Transsexuals background, Difficulties (Press, 3 June 1985)","In a recent report presented at a conference in Hobart on 3 June 1985, Dr Herbert Bower, founder of Australasia's first sex change medical team at Queen Victoria Hospital in Melbourne, challenged the traditional understanding of transsexualism. His research focused on 100 men who underwent sex reassignment surgery between May 1976 and September 1984 and highlighted the often isolated experiences of transsexual individuals. Dr Bower's study revealed that many of his patients had conflicted parental relationships, particularly noting that one third reported cold or absent fathers, while some described over-protective or neglectful mothers. Despite these findings, he concluded that the causes of transsexualism might be more biological rather than psychological. He expressed the need for further research into the relationship between childhood experiences and biological factors. His investigation showed that these patients began to question their gender around the age of nine and frequently engaged in cross-dressing. Many identified more with female peers, leading to difficulties in their education. A significant percentage reported being teased and bullied at school, with 76 per cent stopping their education before completing the Higher School Certificate. Some attempted to conform to male norms, finding it ultimately unfulfilling, while many later transitioned to a female identity. The study found that by age 25, most patients had begun taking female hormones and living permanently as women. Although some married in attempts to combat loneliness or conform to societal expectations, these unions largely resulted in unhappiness. Dr Bower noted a link between 23 of the patients and histories of depression related to their gender identity issues. While many lived with male companions, a notable number reported virtually no sexual expression in their lives. Career-wise, the patients had diverse occupations, with 58 per cent performing as strippers or female impersonators, which likely provided a means for them to embrace their identities and receive affirmation. Dr Bower stated that 99 of the patients expressed significant satisfaction with the outcomes of their surgeries, both anatomically and psychologically. Dr Bower’s findings are based on a broader sample of 428 patients who sought surgery, of which many were screened out for various reasons, including unsuitability for surgery or opting out during the waiting process. The medical team mandated a two-year waiting period during which patients were required to live as women and seek individual assessments from the specialists involved in their care. Overall, Dr Bower's research sheds light on the complexities surrounding transsexualism and the urgent need for a nuanced understanding of its origins and impacts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850603_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850603.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486561600
5629,03,06,1985,"Y.w.c.a. Backs 'gay’ Reform (Press, 3 June 1985)","On 3 June 1985, the Young Women’s Christian Association (Y.W.C.A.) publicly declared its support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, characterising the issue as a matter of human rights. This announcement came from Mrs Joyce Herd, the national president, following the organisation's nineteenth quadrennial convention. Mrs Herd expressed concern about the discrimination faced by homosexuals in various aspects of life, including employment and housing. The Y.W.C.A. plans to actively support the proposed amendment to the Human Rights Commission Act and intends to communicate its position by sending an open letter to all members of Parliament. In related developments, the Gay Task Force reported a rise in requests from individuals wishing to withdraw their names from a petition opposing the law reform. This shift in sentiment was reportedly influenced by alarming comments made by a member of the anti-reform faction who suggested implementing the death penalty for homosexual acts. Mr Bill Logan, the co-ordinator of the Gay Task Force, noted that many people reconsidered their stance after understanding the extreme motives behind the opposition. The task force is guiding those who wish to disassociate themselves from the petition to contact Ms Fran Wilde, the bill's sponsor and member for Wellington Central, to request that their names be disregarded in the petition's examination. Additionally, Mr Logan mentioned that some individuals had been urged by petitioners to sign multiple times.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850603_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850603.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486561600
5628,03,06,1985,"Young Nats Vote Against ‘gay’ Reform (Press, 3 June 1985)","At the Young Nationals policy conference held in Rotorua over the weekend, support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was rejected. The conference did, however, narrowly support a call for a public referendum on the issue. This remit originated from the Wellington division, which had advocated for the legislation currently before Parliament. Proponents of the law reform argued that the decriminalisation of homosexual acts aligns with the National Party’s values of personal freedom, asserting that the government should not interfere in private matters. Conversely, Whangarei MP Mr John Banks voiced strong opposition to the bill, raising concerns about what he perceived as societal and moral decay resulting from potential legislative changes. The conference also discussed educational reforms, agreeing on the necessity for the Government to reassess the secondary school syllabus to incorporate the perspectives of parents, employers, and students. Delegates stressed the importance of community involvement in decisions related to education, advocating for the inclusion of various subjects such as trade unionism, sex education, and peace studies within the curriculum. Additionally, the conference addressed the National Party’s challenges in appealing to the youth vote, calling for the establishment of a task force to investigate the reasons behind the party's failure to engage younger voters in the previous election. Another significant decision taken by the attendees was to limit the Government’s role in the economy, aiming to keep public expenditure at a manageable level, approximately 30 per cent of gross domestic product. Finally, a remit from the Canterbury-Westland division encouraged the National Party to consider adopting an independent floating exchange rate as part of its economic policy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850603_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850603.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486561600
5634,04,06,1985,"‘Gay’ Church’s Pastor May Perform Marriages (Press, 4 June 1985)","On 4 June 1985, Pastor Leigh Neighbour, the leader of the Metropolitan Community Church in Auckland, announced that he has been awarded the right to perform heterosexual marriages as a licensed marriage celebrant. He clarified that, under New Zealand law, he is only permitted to conduct marriages between men and women and that his church would not be participating in ""gay"" marriages. Neighbour expressed that, to date, no one had approached him to officiate a wedding. The pastor indicated that if the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill were to become law, he would consider discussing the implications for potential ""gay"" marriages with the National Council of Churches. This Bill aims to make discrimination against homosexuals a punishable offence under the Human Rights Commission Act. Currently, Neighbour's church has around 40 to 45 attendees and is in the process of applying for membership with the National Council of Churches. Earlier in 1985, the Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Churches in New Zealand was established as a charitable trust, and Neighbour received the marriage celebrant licence two weeks prior to his announcement. He also addressed the serious issue of AIDS within the gay community, emphasising his efforts to promote monogamous relationships. He lamented that despite his encouragement, some individuals remained intent on engaging in promiscuous behaviour, disregarding the health risks. Neighbour stated he is striving to raise awareness about the dangers that such behaviour poses to individuals' lives and well-being.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850604_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850604.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486648000
5635,04,06,1985,"‘Some Falsely Believe They Are Gay’ (Press, 4 June 1985)","On 4 June 1985, Professor Paul Mullen, chairman of the Otago Medical School’s department of psychological medicine, expressed concerns regarding the impact of existing laws on men’s perceptions of their sexual identity. He argued that these laws inadvertently lead some individuals to wrongly believe they are homosexual, creating significant distress and confusion, particularly among adolescents navigating their sexual identities. Professor Mullen noted that many young people become anxious and fearful of the possibility of being homosexual, but with proper counselling and guidance, they often realise that their feelings stem from anxiety or a lack of understanding regarding normal sexual desires rather than true homosexual inclinations. He highlighted that some individuals, due to societal pressures and the stigma surrounding homosexuality, continue to identify as homosexual throughout their lives and may even act in ways consistent with that identity. He emphasised that better access to counselling could allow these individuals to lead more fulfilling heterosexual lives. Citing his experience as a general psychiatrist, Professor Mullen remarked on the distress encountered in patients who feel trapped by their sexual identity because of restrictive laws. The professor further asserted that when laws regarding homosexuality were made more liberal, it provided individuals with the opportunity to seek appropriate support. He pointed out that the stigma and illegality surrounding homosexuality fostered fear, which could lead to depression and suicidal thoughts in those with predominantly homosexual inclinations. Additionally, Professor Mullen addressed misconceptions about homosexuality, particularly the unfounded belief that homosexuals are more likely to exhibit abnormal or perverse interests in children. He clarified that the proposed legislation he was discussing would not exempt homosexual individuals from existing laws that protect children and adults against sexual misconduct. Overall, Professor Mullen aimed to challenge mistaken perceptions about homosexuality and advocate for a more understanding and supportive approach towards sexual identity issues, recognising the complexities of human behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850604_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850604.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486648000
5636,04,06,1985,"Homosexuality Query (Press, 4 June 1985)","On 4 June 1985, Doug Graham, the National Member of Parliament for Remuera, expressed his views regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, focusing on the nature of homosexuality. He posed a critical question about whether homosexuality is an inherited condition, stating that the answer would significantly influence his voting decision on the bill. Graham believed that if homosexuality is determined to be an involuntary condition, it would lead to a greater level of sympathy for the push towards legal reform compared to viewing it as a matter of personal choice. To inform his stance, Graham was actively engaging with medical literature to better understand the subject. In addition to academic research, he was also conducting a random telephone poll to gather public opinion from the residents of Remuera. However, he clarified that regardless of the poll results, his vote would ultimately be guided by the insights he gained from his readings on the topic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850604_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850604.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486648000
5633,04,06,1985,"Pause For Evaluation Provided By Festival (Press, 4 June 1985)","The festival commemorating the conclusion of the United Nation’s Decade for Women served primarily as a moment for reflection and assessment rather than a signal for women to become passive, according to organiser Mrs Grace Hollander. On 4 June 1985, Mrs Hollander articulated that the end of this decade should not be interpreted as the completion of their endeavours. Instead, she emphasised the importance of the festival as an opportunity for women to evaluate their progress, share valuable information, and celebrate their achievements. She clarified that the women's movement was not solely focused on issues like homosexual law reform, but rather engaged with broader objectives aligned with the decadal goals of peace, equality, and development. Mrs Hollander underscored the interconnectedness of these goals, stating that without peace, there is no hope for the world; without equality, women cannot be recognised as individuals with rights; and without development programmes that include women, genuine advancement cannot occur. During a closing session of the festival, many younger attendees voiced their feelings regarding the decade. Several expressed feelings of anger and frustration due to perceived stagnation in progress, overlooking the significant advancements and successes that had taken place during this period. Mrs Hollander noted that some of these young women were focused on their specific concerns without considering the broader context of the movement and its achievements. The festival attracted around 800 women, who participated in 74 workshops on the preceding Saturday, and attendees gained valuable knowledge from these discussions. Additionally, two concerts held on that same evening were well received and successful in drawing crowds. The following morning, a church service that incorporated a diverse array of religious traditions saw participation from approximately 350 to 400 women, highlighting the festival's broad appeal and the unity among participants.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850604_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850604.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486648000
6938,05,06,1985,"City Awards For Transvestites (Press, 5 June 1985)","On 5 June 1985, a public ceremony in Jakarta marked a significant event for 45 Indonesian transvestites, who were given professional diplomas that enable them to work as hairdressers and dressmakers. The participants, aged between 35 and 45, donned traditional batik sarongs and elegant outfits, showcasing their new identities while receiving their certificates after completing a six-month vocational training course. This initiative aimed to help former street dwellers reintegrate into society and pursue a more stable lifestyle. Mona, one of the transvestites, expressed gratitude towards the Social Affairs Bureau of Jakarta, stating that the programme allowed them to transition from life on the streets to a more fulfilling and socially accepted existence. The ceremony concluded with a prayer and a performance from a transvestite singer. The origins of this initiative trace back to 1982 when city officials acknowledged the rights of transvestites to contribute to national development. Approximately 5,000 transvestites inhabit Jakarta, with 1,700 involved in prostitution. Instead of attempting to force them into conforming to traditional gender norms, the officials, led by Dr Gatot Hadisantoso from the Municipal Social Action Department, decided to empower them to embrace their identities as “real Indonesian women.” Training provided to the transvestites included classes on hygiene, cooking, politics, and religion, held three times a week. Participants received a stipend of 500 rupiahs (approximately $1.50) and a meal at the end of each training day. The programme's success resulted in a waiting list of several hundred individuals eager to enrol. One participant, Ratna, described her journey from being a manicurist to earning a hairdressing diploma and opening a small salon. With her newfound skills, Ratna aimed to specialise in wedding hairstyles and was already gaining a reputation for quality service, earning around NZ$600 monthly, which was considerable in her impoverished community. She expressed confidence in her abilities, stating that transvestites possess a unique talent for hairdressing and makeup. Another transvestite spokesperson, Mirna, highlighted the lack of social security and the stigma faced by transvestites, as many are rejected by their families and must learn a trade for financial stability. Although tensions occasionally arise between transvestite sex workers and their clients, Mirna noted that the relationship with local authorities was generally amicable, suggesting that dialogue could resolve potential conflicts. The initiative reflects a broader societal shift towards acceptance and inclusion for marginalized groups in Indonesia, showcasing the transformative potential of vocational training and community support for individuals seeking to lead more stable lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850605_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850605.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486734400
5638,05,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 5 June 1985)","In a recent correspondence published on 5 June 1985 in ""The Press,"" individuals expressed differing views on the contentious Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Mark D. Sadler articulated his perspective that while he does not believe homosexual behaviour among consenting adults should be criminalised, he holds concerns about the potential influence of homosexuals on vulnerable individuals under 20. He regards homosexuality as a misfortune, suggesting it deprives some men of family life and believes that the legislation could inadvertently increase its prevalence. Sadler referenced Kinsey's research, arguing that sexual orientation has a learned component and can be positively influenced by supportive environments. He stressed that he does not harbour animosity towards homosexuals, recalling a positive exchange with a homosexual schoolteacher. Conversely, W. R. Sykes expressed strong support for Hilary Wilson’s stance against the harsh opposition to the bill. He drew alarming parallels between the treatment of homosexuals in contemporary society and historical atrocities committed against minorities, such as those during Nazi Germany. Sykes pointed out the hypocrisy he perceives in the anti-homosexual campaign, which is often framed by its proponents as a Christian moral struggle despite its reliance on the same Christian principles that promote love and charity for all individuals. He emphasised the responsibility of churches in denying rights to homosexuals and questioned how the debate around the bill has been dominated by religious rhetoric from its opponents. These discussions reflect the polarized views surrounding the proposed reform and highlight the tension between societal attitudes towards homosexuality and the rights of individuals within the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850605_2_76_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850605.2.76.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486734400
5637,05,06,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 5 June 1985)","On 4 June 1985, the Governor-General of New Zealand, Sir David Beattie, granted the Royal Assent to the Imprest Supply Act during a parliamentary session that started at 2.30 p.m. Various petitions were presented by members of Parliament (MPs) on that day. Mr J. B. Bolger from the National Party presented a petition from the New Life Christian Fellowship Church in Taumarunui opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Meanwhile, Mr P. F. Dunne, representing the Labour Party in Ohariu, brought forward a request from Graham McKissock and 29 others urging the government to withdraw the Union Membership Bill. Furthermore, Mr D. L. Kidd from the National Party presented a petition from the Nurses’ Association and 146 affiliated individuals seeking the repeal of the State Services Conditions of Employment Amendment Act. Mr J. A. Elder from West Auckland also presented a petition from Linda Mary Hart and 1,290 others calling for enhancements to police capabilities in West Auckland, specifically in terms of radio communications and the availability of police incident cars. Additionally, Mr T. C. Mallard from Hamilton West presented a petition from Dirk Govert Vanderpyl, again requesting the rejection of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. In total, seven notices of motion were brought before the House. During the session, the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr Tapsell, introduced a supplement to the report from the Commission of Inquiry regarding the Broadcasting Corporation's contractual agreements with employees and advertising matters, moving for its printing. Ministers also answered 18 questions raised by MPs. The debate then shifted to the second reading and committee stages of the Law Reform (Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill, which was broken into 22 parts and successfully progressed through committee stages with a third reading. Following this, the Acting Minister of Labour, Mr Prebble, sought urgency for the Union Membership Bill, which led to a division in the House resulting in a vote of 41-22 in favour of discussing the bill. After a dinner break, the discussion resumed at 7.30 p.m., focusing on whether the Union Membership Bill should be considered part by part. The Government's motion to put the question was sustained by a vote of 39-26 at 9 p.m., enabling a detailed debate on the bill. The House moved into committee for the bill's first part. By 11.30 p.m., a motion from the chairman to put the question was accepted, following which the Government won another vote confirming the bill would not take effect until 1988 as proposed by the Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay. Debate on the bill ultimately paused as the House rose at 11.52 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850605_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850605.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486734400
5640,06,06,1985,"Controversial Anthology — Lives Of Lesbian Nuns (Press, 6 June 1985)","On 6 June 1985, Rosemary Curb, a former nun and now an associate professor, discussed her controversial anthology, “Lesbian Nuns: Breaking Silence,” which features 51 essays by homosexual nuns. In the introduction to her book, Curb referred to her mother’s concerns about potential professional and physical repercussions of her writing. However, Curb defended her work, highlighting that it is not anti-Catholic but rather an honest portrayal of nuns as dedicated individuals who are also fully realised human beings. The book gained considerable attention when Boston's Catholic Archdiocese reacted negatively to a scheduled talk show appearance by two of its authors, leading to the cancellation of the programme. This incident generated significant publicity, resulting in the book going into a second printing by Naiad Press before its official release. Warner Books acquired the paperback rights for a substantial sum, and the book became a bestseller at national chains. Curb, now 45 years old, entered the Dominican Sisters' order at 18 but left in 1965, citing emotional repression within religious life. After marrying an English professor and later declaring herself a lesbian, she now lives with her daughter, Lisa. The book’s essays were selected from over 300 submissions by current and former nuns who had experienced homosexuality. Many contributors initially entered convent life seeking refuge from traditional heterosexual roles, while Curb noted a shared innocence among them regarding their latent homosexuality. Throughout the anthology, contributors describe feelings of loneliness and isolation experienced in convent life, suggesting that such sentiments could stem from their sexual orientation or the restrictive nature of communal living. While the book focuses on the experiences of lesbian nuns, it does not compare them directly with their heterosexual counterparts, leaving unanswered questions about the nature of their suffering and the reasons behind their departure from convent life. Finally, Curb expressed that compiling this anthology helped her integrate different phases of her life, emphasising that coming out as a lesbian or an ex-nun requires significant courage, akin to the struggles faced by many individuals living within societal or religious confines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850606_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850606.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486820800
5639,06,06,1985,"Untitled (Press, 6 June 1985)","Lynda and Jools Topp, popularly known as the Topp Twins, are performing in Christchurch this week as part of their farewell tour before embarking on work in Australia. Their shows are scheduled at the Gladstone Tavern, with performances this evening and again on Saturday afternoon. Additionally, they will perform on Friday at both Lincoln College and Christchurch Teachers' College. Known for being regular visitors to Christchurch, the Twins have created new songs specifically for this tour and will be accompanied by a special guest, whose identity has not been disclosed. The Topp Twins have an exciting itinerary for the rest of the year, which includes theatre seasons in Melbourne and Sydney. They have already been actively performing in Auckland and Wellington, with their latest appearance supporting the Homosexual Law Reform Bill rally at the Auckland Town Hall. Their performances at Lincoln College and the Teachers’ College are sponsored by the New Zealand Students’ Arts Council, highlighting their ongoing connection with educational and cultural initiatives in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850606_2_91_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850606.2.91.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486820800
5643,07,06,1985,"Gay School Opens In N.y. (Press, 7 June 1985)","New York City has established The Harvey Milk School, a public high school specifically designed for homosexual students, with classes commencing in April 1985. Named after Harvey Milk, a prominent gay activist who was assassinated in 1978, the school is located in a church in Greenwich Village. Its launch is noted as a significant milestone, being the first public school in the United States aimed at addressing the unique challenges faced by homosexual adolescents. Currently, the school has an enrolment of 20 students, comprising 14 boys and 6 girls aged between 14 to 19 years. According to Steve Ashkinazy, director of clinical programmes for the Institute for the Protection of Lesbian and Gay Youth, all students have identified as homosexual and faced difficulties integrating into mainstream high schools, leading to their withdrawal from those traditional educational environments. The New York City Board of Education is collaborating with the institute in managing the school, which underscores its commitment to creating a safe and supportive educational atmosphere specifically tailored for students dealing with sexual identity issues. The initiative reflects a broader recognition of the needs of LGBTQ+ youth and represents a progressive step towards inclusiveness in education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850607_2_65_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850607.2.65.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486907200
5645,07,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 7 June 1985)","On 7 June 1985, a letter published in a newspaper revealed the ongoing public debate regarding homosexuality, prompted by prior columns that included input from various writers. Keith Wignall responded to Mark Sadler's assertion that homosexuality prevents men from experiencing the fulfilment of parenthood. Wignall challenged this view by pointing out that many homosexuals have been married and have children. He noted that individuals can lead fulfilling lives without the desire for procreation, arguing that not everyone is as obsessed with having children as Sadler suggested. Wignall also highlighted the biological fact that men lack the anatomical ability to bear children. In another letter, Varian J. Wilson critiqued Sadler’s reasoned argument on the topic of homosexuality, labelling the responses from reform supporters as marked by arrogance and distortion. Wilson, who identified as a non-religious individual, expressed his concerns about the rising acceptance of homosexuality over the past two decades. He referenced his experience and suggested that homosexual behaviour is not innate but rather a result of societal pressures. Wilson pointed to what he described as a compulsive syndrome associated with promiscuity among some homosexuals, citing a comment from an Auckland pastor who lamented that many had predetermined their lifestyle choices regardless of health risks. Both letters reflect the broader societal tensions and contrasting views on the topic of homosexuality during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850607_2_97_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850607.2.97.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486907200
5641,07,06,1985,"Invercargill M.P. In Row Over A.I.D.S (Press, 7 June 1985)","On 7 June 1985, a confrontation in the New Zealand Parliament highlighted tensions surrounding the issue of A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) becoming a notifiable disease. Norman Jones, the Member of Parliament for Invercargill and an outspoken opponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, accused the Minister of Health, Dr. Bassett, of maintaining a ""conspiracy of silence"" regarding the criteria for when A.I.D.S. should be reported as a notifiable illness. During a heated exchange, Jones posed a question to Dr Bassett about the specific stage of A.I.D.S.'s seven symptoms at which it became classified as a notifiable disease. However, the Speaker of the House, Dr Wall, declared the question out of order. Ignoring this ruling, Jones challenged Dr Bassett directly, referring to him as ""that twit."" The Speaker warned Jones that unless he adjusted his behaviour, he would be removed from the chamber. Jones's determination to press the issue led him to leave the chamber temporarily upon expressing his dissatisfaction with the responses. He returned shortly after as the Speaker was about to have him escorted back, and following this incident, he offered an apology for his earlier actions. Dr Bassett responded to Jones's inquiries by stating that there were established guidelines regarding when A.I.D.S. was deemed notifiable. He explained that the early symptoms of A.I.D.S. often mirrored those of other diseases, and that the condition only qualified as notifiable once it was unmistakably identified as A.I.D.S. Furthermore, he noted that while blood tests could indicate the presence of the A.I.D.S. antibody in an individual, this did not necessarily imply that the person had developed A.I.D.S. in its advanced, reportable state. In an earlier statement, Dr Bassett revealed that five individuals had succumbed to A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, with one confirmed case of a person still living with the disease. Overall, the exchange underscored the urgent dialogue and concerns regarding public health policies in the face of an emerging health crisis during a period of significant social change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850607_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850607.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486907200
5644,07,06,1985,"London Borough Gets Homosexual Mayor (Press, 7 June 1985)","On 7 June 1985, A.A.P. reported from London on the impending appointment of Councillor Bob Crossman as the new Mayor of the Islington borough, marking a noteworthy shift in the council's leadership. Crossman, who is openly homosexual, plans for his live-in partner, Martin, to hold the title of “Mayoress.” He maintains that his sexual orientation is irrelevant to his mayoral duties. However, this development has drawn mixed reactions from the media, with some newspapers branding it as the latest “political comedy” associated with the Labour-led councils in London, often criticised as “the loony Left” due to their progressive stance on issues like homosexuality, sexism, and racism. At 38 years old, Crossman is currently the Deputy Mayor and is well-regarded for his involvement in homosexual rights advocacy. He expressed his belief that he would be the first openly homosexual Mayor of London and confirmed that Martin would assist him at public events if he is unable to attend. Crossman emphasized his straightforwardness regarding his role and his partner’s position, welcoming media engagement and even posing for photographs. Despite Fleet Street’s humorous take and some outrage over his appointment, there was no objection from fellow councillors, as the Labour party holds a commanding majority in the council. Crossman has stated a personal ambition to lose weight, specifically three stone (about 19kg), for a charity fundraising event. The only opposition to the Labour council comes from three Social Democratic Party (S.D.P.) councillors, one of whom, David Hyams, has expressed support for Crossman, noting his approachable personality and professionalism. The media's focus on “the loony Left” revealed a growing concern, particularly highlighted by the “Daily Mail,” which criticized Labour-controlled councils for prioritising issues like feminism, homosexual rights, and anti-racism over more pressing societal concerns such as crime and housing. As Crossman's mayoral election hinges on Labour maintaining its majority, there was additional controversy brewing in the capital, with reports emerging that a South London group intended to utilise ratepayers' money to fund Britain's inaugural homosexual Olympics. This further escalated debates around priorities and governance under the Labour regime in London, stirring public and media discourse on the council's focus areas.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850607_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850607.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486907200
5642,07,06,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 7 June 1985)","On 7 June 1985, the Speaker of Parliament, Dr Wall, received approval from members for photographers to capture images of the Minister of Finance as he presented the Budget the following Thursday evening, with no objections raised by members during the afternoon session which began at 2.30 p.m. During the sitting, Mr G. E. Lee from Hauraki presented a petition from the Thames branch of the Nurses’ Association along with 157 supporters, as well as a petition from the Paeroa-Waihi branch of the same association, both calling for the repeal of the State Services Conditions of Employment Amendment Act. Additionally, Mrs Katherine O'Regan from Waipa brought forth three petitions urging rejection of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. These petitions were presented by William Henry Bell Benson and 25 others, Mrs Patricia Moorby and 15 others, and Marie Gibbes with nine supporters. Mr Lange, the Minister responsible for the Security Intelligence Service, submitted a report concerning interception warrants for the fiscal year ending March 31, 1985. Meanwhile, the Acting Minister of Labour, Mr Prebble, delivered the report from the Waterfront Industry Commission for the year ending September 1984. Members introduced six notices of motion, including one by Mr A. P. D. Friedlander proposing the Electricity (South Island Concession) Amendment Bill. A total of 13 questions were addressed by ministers, following which the Leader of the House, Mr Palmer, moved for urgency to be granted to the Union Membership Bill. The Government successfully won the division with 42 votes in favour compared to 25 against. During the debate on part 2 of the Union Membership Bill, which concerned agricultural workers, the House divided eleven times, ultimately dismissing all Opposition amendments. After adjourning for dinner at 5.32 p.m., the House reconvened at 7.30 p.m., at which point part 2 was passed by a margin of 40 votes to 24. Members then started discussing part 3 of the Bill, which was passed after 14 divisions, again defeating 13 amendments proposed by the Opposition. Discussion then shifted to part 3a, focusing on the coalmining industry, which was also passed after eight divisions. The House continued with further discussions on part 3n covering the Fire Service Act of 1975, which passed on a division of 38 to 24. The session concluded late at night when the House rose at 11.56 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850607_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850607.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486907200
5646,08,06,1985,"Prices Of Food Rise 30 P.c.—mr Mclay (Press, 8 June 1985)","On 8 June 1985, a dynamic public meeting in Auckland featured the Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay, who took to the stage to critique Prime Minister Mr Lange and highlight the rising costs of food items. During his address, Mr McLay produced a string of sausages from a grocery bag to illustrate his point that the prices cited by Labour MP Mrs Anne Hercus in her “shopping basket” had escalated by 30 per cent in the past 11 months. He suggested that this steep price increase was a reason for her avoidance of supermarkets. Mr McLay further launched into a critique of Mr Lange, revealing copies of the Prime Minister’s replies to two taxpayers. One taxpayer received a response insinuating that their medical condition involved ""mixing of colours and capitals in bizarre rambling."" Another message, from a Labour supporter questioning the wisdom of their voting decision, ended with Mr Lange affirming the individual’s self-assessment by noting that they ""appear a fool."" The meeting was not without its disruptions, as Mr McLay faced opposition from a group of young supporters advocating for homosexual law reform, along with several Labour hecklers. The atmosphere became particularly rowdy, leading to the police escorting one man and one woman from the hall, though no arrests were made. Despite the interruptions, Mr McLay received considerable support from the mostly middle-aged audience of around 300 attendees. They expressed approval with applause when he spoke against the national superannuation tax and offered a standing ovation when he vowed that a National Government would dismantle any laws enforcing compulsory unionism. This outcome indicated a strong backing for his policies among the audience present, contrasting sharply with the heckling he encountered during the meeting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850608_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850608.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,486993600
5648,10,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 10 June 1985)","In a letter published in ""The Press"" on 7 June 1985, Varian J. Wilson expresses his stance on the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults in private, which he supports. He acknowledges the need for law reform that allows homosexuals to openly express their sexuality without facing discrimination, indicating his belief that this should not be viewed negatively. However, he maintains that sodomy and indecent assault, regardless of the gender or age of the individuals involved, should continue to be classified as crimes. Wilson further critiques societal norms describing heterosexual customs surrounding family formation and suggests that these should not justify social acceptance of relationships between adult men and boys. He implies that there is a troubling trend where psychologists, while avoiding personal judgments about individuals, might overreach into sociological and political opinions regarding these issues. In his concluding remarks, he recounts a negative experience where he was verbally attacked by a homosexual individual over the phone, which he claims has caused him to reassess his understanding of the perspectives surrounding the topic. He states that, despite his lack of personal animosity towards homosexuals, such confrontations compel him to reconsider the broader implications of his views. Wilson's letter serves as both a commentary on the ongoing discussions surrounding homosexual rights and a reflection of his personal encounters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850610_2_84_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850610.2.84.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487166400
5649,10,06,1985,"New Play Calls For Action On A.I.D.S. (Press, 10 June 1985)","In a powerful statement, New York writer Larry Kramer expressed the urgency of action in the face of the AIDS epidemic, declaring, “We are dying and no-one is fighting to save us; we are going to have to do it ourselves.” As the search for a cure for the deadly disease A.I.D.S. continues, Kramer is advocating for a more forceful public response. In his new play, “The Normal Heart,” he argues that shouting for change is the only viable solution and stresses the importance of fighting for rights, particularly for minorities. Kramer critiques the slow governmental response to the AIDS crisis, arguing that both the media and medical organisations are failing to adequately address the issue, which has predominantly affected male homosexuals. The play is aimed at raising public awareness and is positioned as both a political and polemical piece intended to expose what Kramer describes as the “outrageous malfeasances” occurring in this context. Currently running at Joseph Papp’s off-Broadway public theatre, “The Normal Heart” follows the character Ned Weeks, portrayed by Brad Davis. Weeks is based on Kramer himself and fights to establish an AIDS crisis centre during the early days of the pandemic. This reflects Kramer’s real-life involvement as one of the founders of the New York-based homosexual men’s health crisis formed in 1982, in response to the lack of services for AIDS victims. Throughout the play, Weeks's journey becomes increasingly fraught as he grapples with disorganisation within the activist community and frustrations with what he sees as a lack of cooperation. Critically, Kramer does not spare leaders within the homosexual community from his critique, suggesting that their fear of confronting the broader “straight majority” has hindered their ability to push for necessary research and government assistance. Kramer succinctly notes that the play addresses the human response to threats against one's best interests, be it health or other concerns. He observes that when faced with danger, many individuals resort to denial and avoidance rather than confront the reality of the situation. With a history of writing controversial works, including the best-selling novel “Faggots,” Kramer expresses hope that “The Normal Heart” will eventually be adapted into a film to broaden its reach and impact. He believes in the need for more substantial action in combating the epidemic, stating, “It makes me feel good to see people cry every night during my play. It would make me even happier to see those tears lead to action.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850610_2_174.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850610.2.174,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487166400
5647,10,06,1985,"Rugby Tour Protests (Press, 10 June 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 10 June 1985, Chris Chaston expresses frustration towards the protest movements opposing the All Blacks' tour of South Africa. He argues that the public is weary of the loud protests that aim to suppress alternative viewpoints, which he believes undermines the principles of democracy. According to Chaston, everyone, including athletes and their supporters, should have the right to express their opinions without being silenced. He contrasts this with the tactics used by opponents of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, whom he believes are successfully gaining public support through a more democratic and sensible approach to conveying their message. Chaston advocates for the importance of open dialogue and the share of diverse perspectives in public discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850610_2_84_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850610.2.84.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487166400
7037,11,06,1985,"Cable Briefs (Press, 11 June 1985)","On 11 June 1985, several significant events made headlines around the world. In Beirut, Thomas Southerland, the Acting Dean of Agriculture at the American University of Beirut, was kidnapped by unknown gunmen as he was driving from the airport. The police were unable to identify the assailants or determine the reason for Southerland's abduction. Meanwhile, in Vietnam, the government expressed strong discontent towards Japan for inviting Son Sann, the leader of the Kampuchean resistance, for an official visit to Tokyo. Vietnamese officials described this invitation as ""illegal and immoral,"" reflecting ongoing tensions in the region. In California, the tragic news emerged concerning the Frustaci septuplets. Bonnie Marie, the fourth child out of the seven, died after a prolonged battle for survival. Her father described it as a ""long and hard fight."" The three remaining septuplets, who were delivered on 21 May, were reported to be improving each day. Bonnie Marie's death resulted from cardiopulmonary failure linked to hyaline membrane disease. In Peking, Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping officially announced a significant reduction in the country’s military forces, stating that the armed forces would see a cut of 1 million personnel over the next two years. This announcement marked a substantial shift in Chinese military policy. Across the pond in London, Prince Philip attended a parade commemorating the Dunkirk evacuation of 1939. During the event, he took notice of Regimental Sergeant Major Linda Brown among the 2,500 men present. In a moment of surprising realisation, the Prince inquired whether she had served in the Women's Royal Army Corps. R.S.M. Brown responded that she had undergone a sex change operation in 1971, highlighting a change in societal perceptions regarding gender identity. Additionally, it was reported that Peter Sutcliffe, known as the Yorkshire Ripper, was receiving special privileges at Broadmoor prison. He had been moved to a private room equipped with colour television, video, and stereo equipment. Sutcliffe was allowed to attend social activities like disco dances and bingo. Furthermore, he could walk unsupervised in the hospital grounds with his wife and order takeaway food. Lastly, in Johannesburg, rescuers at the Western Deep Levels mine confirmed the unfortunate recovery of the body of a ninth miner who had died following a rock burst 3.5 kilometres underground. This incident highlighted ongoing safety concerns in the mining industry. Each of these stories reflects a range of social, political, and personal issues impacting various parts of the world in 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850611_2_64_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850611.2.64.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487252800
5652,11,06,1985,"Faith Restored (Press, 11 June 1985)","Maxine Sleeman, a mother and zookeeper, shared her distressing experience of losing her handbag during a trip to gather supplies. The handbag contained important belongings, including credit cards, bank books, and $120 in cash. Amid a backdrop of societal issues such as crime, violence, education concerns, and legislative changes, she had resigned herself to the belief that she would never recover her lost items. However, two kind-hearted individuals found her handbag and returned it, restoring her faith in humanity. Sleeman expressed her gratitude in a letter, encouraging others to find hope despite the difficulties in the world. The letter was dated 7 June 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850611_2_78_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850611.2.78.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487252800
5653,11,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 11 June 1985)","In a letter published on 11 June 1985, a writer named G. H. Boston raises questions about the impact of legal changes on sexual orientation within a population. The letter addresses Mark Sadler and comments on the ongoing discussions surrounding potential reforms to the law. Boston expresses confusion over the belief that laws can directly influence or change an individual's sexual orientation, questioning whether it is possible for laws to affect emotional and moral views. Boston points out that it seems counterintuitive to expect that legal changes can dictate personal feelings and identities, likening the situation to attempting to make a cart pull a horse. The letter hints at a sense of alarm or resistance that some individuals may feel towards legal reforms concerning sexual orientation and suggests that their fears might stem from feeling threatened by these changes. The writer calls for further clarification and understanding regarding the relationship between law and personal identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850611_2_78_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850611.2.78.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487252800
5651,11,06,1985,"Inertia May Kill Bill—w.e.l. (Press, 11 June 1985)","On 11 June 1985, Ms Paddy Austin, a spokeswoman for the Women’s Electoral Lobby (W.E.L.) in Christchurch, expressed concerns that the Homosexual Law Reform Bill could potentially be defeated due to a lack of active support among the public. This concern arose from a survey conducted by Mr Philip Burdon in his Fendalton electorate, which showed that although a considerable portion of the electorate agreed with the bill's provisions, many were hesitant to take direct action in support. Ms Austin highlighted that the issues surrounding the bill extend beyond homosexuality itself, emphasising that women's rights related to sexuality, including fertility control and diverse career and family choices, could be jeopardised if people chose to remain passive. W.E.L. encouraged individuals who are supportive of homosexual law reform to speak out openly and to contact their local Members of Parliament. She argued that if proponents of the reform clearly expressed their views, elected officials would have a better understanding of their constituents' opinions, which could significantly influence the legislative process concerning the bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850611_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850611.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487252800
5655,11,06,1985,"Mr Jamie Luck (Press, 11 June 1985)","On 11 June 1985, Mr Jamie Luck, a candidate for the Values Party, was highlighted for his background and views on various political issues. Originally from Canada, he immigrated to New Zealand in 1971 and has since taught infants at Orari School, where he has resided in Woodbury since 1975. Mr Luck played a significant role in the founding of the Values Party in 1972, serving as the party’s spokesperson on international affairs and currently holding the position of Aorangi regional secretary. He is also actively involved in local peace and conservation initiatives and was part of the Campaign Half Million in 1976. The Values Party is noted for being New Zealand's first ""green"" political party and has become a part of an international grassroots movement opposing centralised government. During his campaign, Mr Luck expressed concerns about high unemployment and increasing government debt, asserting that these issues negatively impact individuals and the future of communities. He advocated for a more equitable distribution of wealth and work, emphasising the importance of sensible government spending. Mr Luck suggested that part-time work should be encouraged and that community responsibility should be a common expectation. His political platform included the withdrawal of New Zealand from all military alliances, aiming instead for collaboration with independent countries to establish a strong third force dedicated to peace and cooperation. He was supportive of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, viewing it as a significant move toward individual autonomy regarding sexuality and reproductive choices. Mr Luck opposed the introduction of a goods and services tax, arguing that it would lead to bureaucratic inefficiency and increase central government power. He believed local government should have the autonomy to generate its own resources. His proposal included the replacement of all social welfare benefits, including superannuation, with a minimum wage set by the Values Party. He expressed support for the Opihi River enhancement scheme, provided that the social and environmental impacts were thoroughly evaluated. Mr Luck insisted that electricity pricing should focus on conservation rather than consumption. He also proposed the transformation of regional power boards into energy supply cooperatives for fairer regional electricity pricing. Furthermore, the Values Party endorsed proportional representation and opposed the All Blacks tour of South Africa, reflecting its stance on broader ethical and social issues. Mr Luck's candidacy represents a commitment to progressive policies aimed at fostering community well-being and environmental sustainability.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850611_2_123_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850611.2.123.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487252800
5654,11,06,1985,"Mr Maurice Mctigue (Press, 11 June 1985)","In June 1985, Maurice McTigue, a member of the National Party, expressed his views on the upcoming byelection in Timaru, highlighting two primary issues: the Labour Government's broken promises and the need for the right candidate to represent the area. McTigue criticized Labour for failing to keep key pledges, notably the removal of milk subsidies and the introduction of prescription charges. He asserted that one of the most significant breaches was Labour's reversal on national superannuation, as they had initially promised not to alter the scheme but subsequently imposed a surtax on the savings of superannuitants. McTigue noted that families were grappling with rising interest rates, which skyrocketed from 11 percent in July 1984 to as high as 18 percent. Food prices had surged by 12 percent since the previous general election, alongside increases in electricity costs, petrol prices, and other charges, leaving many families financially strained. The agricultural sector was similarly affected, particularly sheep farmers, who were projected to lose approximately $12,500 in income due to Government policies. He pointed out that cuts to irrigation assistance had drastically hindered farming prospects in Timaru. He denounced the proposed goods and services tax as a manifestation of poor governance, labelling it a burdensome regulation that would disproportionately impact small businesses. McTigue advocated for boosting local business through Timaru’s port, which he described as having a reliable workforce and strong productivity. He called for supportive development finance and power pricing policies that would leverage the South Island's energy resources. Furthermore, he backed the Opihi River enhancement scheme, claiming it would generate numerous jobs through agricultural development. McTigue aimed to position himself as a candidate focused on coordinating local initiatives to foster Timaru's growth. He also opposed legislation regarding homosexual law reform and abortion. He viewed the byelection as a vital opportunity for Timaru residents to voice their dissatisfaction with the Labour Government and to elect a representative dedicated to realising the region's potential and facilitating its progress.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850611_2_123_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850611.2.123.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487252800
5650,11,06,1985,"Sexual Habits Must Change, Says Doctor (Press, 11 June 1985)","On 11 June 1985, Dr Ron Barker, the Director-General of Health in New Zealand, emphasised the urgent need for Kiwis to modify their sexual practices to help contain the spread of A.I.D.S. His recommendations included practising monogamy or using condoms following the announcement of three new A.I.D.S. cases, raising the total number of reported cases in the country to ten. Of these, five individuals have died, and one has returned to the United States. All ten cases involve males aged between 20 and 55, who reportedly contracted the virus while overseas. Dr Barker warned against complacency, stressing the imminent risk of infections within New Zealand. He highlighted the alarming statistics from the United States, where over 10,000 A.I.D.S. cases have been reported, and in Australia, the number is nearing 100. He indicated that while New Zealand has not yet experienced such high levels of infection, the situation could worsen without significant changes in sexual behaviour among the population. He pointed out that the disease spreads through various means, including multiple sexual partners, the exchange of bodily fluids between individuals, and intravenous drug use. To mitigate the risk of transmission, Dr Barker advocated for individuals to limit themselves to one sexual partner. In cases where this is not feasible, he recommended the consistent use of condoms. For intravenous drug users, he urged that they abandon drug use entirely; if that is not possible, they should avoid using dirty or second-hand needles. The discussion surrounding A.I.D.S. was also marked by controversy, as Fran Wilde, the sponsor of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, condemned an advertisement that labelled A.I.D.S. as a ""homosexual disease."" She strongly refuted the implication that the disease originated from homosexual behaviour, asserting that it is a sexually transmissible infection that has long affected the heterosexual population in certain regions of Africa. Ms Wilde explained that while A.I.D.S. is currently more prevalent among homosexual males in both the United States and New Zealand, it is increasingly affecting the broader community. This call to action highlights the critical importance of awareness and education regarding the transmission of A.I.D.S. and the need for responsible sexual practices, as the virus poses a rising threat to public health in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850611_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850611.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487252800
5656,12,06,1985,"Chch Expected To Be On Pope’s N.Z. Itinerary (Press, 12 June 1985)","Pope John Paul II is set to visit New Zealand in late November 1986, marking a historic first for the country. Cardinal Thomas Williams, the Metropolitan of New Zealand, announced during a press conference that while the specific dates are still being finalised, the visit is expected to span three days and cover major centres including Christchurch, Wellington, and Auckland, with potential stops in Dunedin, Palmerston North, and Hamilton. The itinerary aims to encompass all six Catholic dioceses in New Zealand. The invitation for the Pope to visit was extended by Australia, New Zealand, and Pacific Island nations at the end of 1983, and his acceptance was officially communicated to Cardinal Williams during an Australasian bishops' meeting in Sydney. This timing is particularly significant, as 1986 will commemorate the 150th anniversary of Bishop Jean Pompallier's consecration, the first Catholic Bishop of New Zealand. Both Cardinal Williams and Prime Minister David Lange expressed their anticipation for the visit, highlighting the Pope's ability to connect with people during his past travels. The Papal visit is expected to require substantial security preparations, with plans to be developed once the dates and itinerary are confirmed. Cardinal Williams noted that it would be more complex to organise compared to Pope John Paul II’s earlier visit to New Zealand in 1973 when he was Cardinal Karol Wojtyla and attended a congress in Melbourne. Although serious protests are not anticipated, some groups, such as the pro-abortion lobby WONAAC, suggested that they may organise some form of demonstration. Phil Parkinson from the Gay Task Force indicated that while there may be some spontaneous protests regarding the Pope's views on homosexuality if related legislation fails, the community is currently focused on other priorities and lacks the energy for coordinated action. Cardinal Williams stated that the visit will be coordinated with the Australian Catholic Church, which has designated a priest to accompany the Pope through other countries before arriving in New Zealand. The location for the Pope's accommodation during the visit has yet to be determined, but it is likely he will stay with Archbishop Antonio Magnoni, New Zealand's Apostolic Pro-Nuncio. Archbishop Magnoni described the visit as a time of joy and blessings for all New Zealanders, emphasizing the Pope's desire to promote fraternity, peace, and Christian values in his pastoral outreach during the visit.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850612_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850612.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487339200
5659,12,06,1985,"First Papal Visit To N.Z. (Press, 12 June 1985)","New Zealand's Catholic community, regarded as remote from the Vatican, is viewed by the Church as loyal and conservative in faith matters. Pope John Paul II's planned visit to New Zealand in 1986 is perceived as a recognition of this loyalty, showcasing the Vatican's awareness of its distant congregations despite more pressing global issues. His itinerary includes nearly 30 other countries, some with minimal Catholic presence or facing persecution, which indicates that New Zealand is not a focal point for his papacy. The Pope's visit is anticipated to convey messages similar to those delivered internationally, emphasising the Catholic Church's stances on contentious issues such as abortion, contraception, divorce, and homosexuality. He has articulated strong opposition to the materialism prevalent in modern society while advocating for workers' rights and fair compensation. The Pope is skilled at tailoring his message to align with the cultural and political context of his audience, using strategic prudence, especially in regions that are hostile to Catholicism. In terms of attendance, Pope John Paul II is expected to attract a significant crowd in New Zealand, one larger than that for typical visitors. His upcoming visit marks a noteworthy historical moment as no Pope has set foot in New Zealand since Bishop Pompallier introduced Catholic teachings 150 years prior. The Pope is globally respected for his active defence of the Church and his insightful understanding of the interplay between spiritual and temporal matters, shaped by his Polish origins and experiences with political oppression. Overall, the Pope’s visit is poised to resonate beyond the Catholic community, likely impacting both Catholic and non-Catholic New Zealanders with his emphasis on spiritual and social values. His ability to engage with complex issues ensures that his words will be closely watched and discussed, reflecting a broader concern for the moral and social fabric of society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850612_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850612.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487339200
5660,12,06,1985,"Gay Community Heeding A.I.D.S. Warnings (Press, 12 June 1985)","A survey conducted in Wellington from March to May 1985 has indicated that homosexual men are heeding warnings from the A.I.D.S. support network and modifying their sexual behaviours to reduce the risk of contracting the A.I.D.S. virus. Phil Parkinson, administrator of the Lesbian and Gay Rights Resource Centre, reported that the survey included 98 respondents who demonstrated a good awareness of ""safe sex"" guidelines. Respondents were questioned about their sexual practices and how these practices had changed in response to A.I.D.S. Contrary to popular belief that anal intercourse is predominant in gay sexual practices, the survey revealed it was less common among respondents. In fact, only 52 per cent engaged in anal intercourse actively, while 45 per cent took a passive role in it. The more frequently reported sexual activities included cuddling, mutual masturbation, kissing, oral sex, and massage. The survey also highlighted relationship dynamics, revealing that 38 per cent of the participants were in monogamous relationships, and 25 per cent were celibate. Among those involved in casual relationships, only 16 per cent were considered at risk for exposure to the virus. Importantly, all respondents in this at-risk category were aware of the safe sex guidelines and were actively applying them to their practices. Additionally, the survey found that 46 per cent of respondents had been blood donors previously. Respondents were also cognisant that homosexual and bisexual men should refrain from donating blood due to the heightened risks associated with A.I.D.S. Parkinson noted that these findings provide a hopeful indication that the gay community is taking significant steps to mitigate its vulnerability to A.I.D.S. He attributed this progress to the efforts of the A.I.D.S. Support Network and its late coordinator, Bruce Burnett, whose dedication has reportedly saved many lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850612_2_151.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850612.2.151,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487339200
6939,12,06,1985,"Mother Tried To Kill Child, Self (Press, 12 June 1985)","Soraya Pohatu, a 19-year-old unemployed mother, was sentenced to a year in prison for the attempted murder of her two-year-old daughter in February 1985 in Wellington. Pohatu had pleaded guilty to the charges, with her legal representative, Mr Mike Bungay, revealing that she had a history of drug use and supported herself through prostitution. Following a custody arrangement, her transvestite uncle was granted interim custody of her daughter last August, which deeply troubled Pohatu. On the day before she was set to be sentenced for various offences in the District Court, she took her daughter to a motel in Kilbirnie. The following morning, both were discovered with serious injuries. A suicide note, read to the court, indicated Pohatu's desire for her and her child to be buried together. The judge noted that Pohatu's actions occurred in a state of severe distress, putting her behaviour on the verge of criminality while highlighting her need for rehabilitation. Ultimately, Mr Justice Jeffries decided that a community-based sentence was not appropriate considering her mental health issues. In addition to the year for attempted murder, Pohatu received concurrent sentences for other offences: nine months for burglary, six months for two counts of fraud, six months for theft, and three months for assault.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850612_2_161.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850612.2.161,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487339200
5657,12,06,1985,"Reform M.P. Fed Up With 'plain Lies’ (Press, 12 June 1985)","In a public meeting held in Auckland on 12 June 1985, Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central, expressed her frustration with the misinformation and inaccuracies surrounding her Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Speaking to an audience of 1000 at Massey High School, she engaged in a debate with Barry Reed, representative of the Campaign to Oppose the Bill. The audience was split between supporters of the bill and fundamentalist Christians against it. Wilde defended the bill, whichaims to decriminalise sexual acts between consenting males, asserting that it aligns homosexual legislation with existing laws for heterosexuals. She rebutted claims from opponents suggesting the bill would effectively lower the age of consent to 12, arguing that no authorities—including police, social welfare, courts, or churches—had indicated that existing laws inadequately protected young girls. Reed, however, countered Wilde’s assertions, questioning the right of opponents to impose their moral values on homosexuals, and raised concerns about the bill supposedly granting homosexuals superior rights over other community members through amendments to the Human Rights Commission Act. Following the meeting, Wilde remarked that it was the largest audience she had addressed regarding the bill, feeling positive about the conduct of the event but recognising that both sides had likely already formed their opinions. Despite the challenges, she remained hopeful for the bill's passage into law, encouraging liberal supporters to communicate effectively with their representatives and disregard misleading suggestions from other politicians, including Norman Jones, MP for Invercargill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850612_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850612.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487339200
5658,12,06,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 12 June 1985)","On 12 June 1985, Parliament in Wellington convened at 2:30 p.m., where members presented four petitions. Mr P. F. Dunne from the Labour Party submitted a petition from Mrs E. Mather of the Wellington branch of the Nurses’ Association, along with 136 other supporters, requesting the repeal of the State Services Conditions of Employment Amendment Act of 1983. In addition, Mr T. C. Mallard, also Labour from Hamilton West, presented two separate petitions against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, one from Robert Wilson and 74 others, and another from Mrs Gail McGuire and 129 others from Hamilton. Furthermore, Mr J. A. Banks from the National Party, representing Whangarei, also brought forth a petition from the Whangarei branch of the Nurses’ Association, supported by 249 others, calling for the repeal of the same employment amendment act. The session included the submission of 12 notices of motion. Mr Caygill, the Minister of Trade and Industry, introduced the Commerce Bill, which was passed through a division with a vote of 44 in favour to 22 opposed and was referred to the Commerce and Energy Select Committee. During the session, Ministers answered a total of 17 questions. The House also received a report from the Select Committee on Petitions, which indicated no recommendations on a petition from Sir Dove-Myer Robinson along with the Ratepayers and Residents’ Action Committee, concerning a potential inquiry into the proposed Aotea Centre in Auckland. After recessing for dinner at 5:30 p.m. and resuming at 7:30 p.m., the Governor-General, Sir David Beattie, approved appropriations for the Maori Purposes Bill and granted Royal Assent to 22 component bills under the Law Reform (Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill. The Minister of Broadcasting, Mr Hunt, proposed urgency for the third readings of nine component bills of the Union Membership Bill, which was supported with a 38-22 vote. Debates commenced regarding various bills, including the State Services Conditions of Employment Bill, which faced a motion to read and discharge from Mr lan McLean of the National Party. Following this, the third reading of the State Services Conditions of Employment Amendment Bill passed with a vote of 37-22. Subsequent discussions involved the Wages Protection Amendment Bill, which achieved its third reading with a division of 36-23, although one amendment was rejected. An Opposition motion to recommit the Post Office Amendment Bill (No. 2) was defeated, with the ongoing debate concluding late into the night at 10:55 p.m., where an amendment for a 12-month delay was also turned down, allowing passage of the bill at 36-22. The House additionally debated the New Zealand Railways Corporation Amendment Bill, but calls for discharging and recommitting the bill were rejected. Finally, it was announced that Radio New Zealand had received an international marketing award for its promotional efforts in radio advertising within the business sector from the Broadcast Promotion Marketing Executive Organisation in Chicago. The House adjourned at 11:54 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850612_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850612.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487339200
5662,13,06,1985,"Flamboyant Homosexual Tells His Story (Press, 13 June 1985)","On 13 June 1985, a feature film based on the life of renowned British writer and personality Quentin Crisp is set to air on New Zealand television at 9.30 p.m. The film draws inspiration from Crisp's own memoir, which chronicles his experiences as a flamboyant and outspoken individual living in the 1930s. During a time when his lifestyle was met with significant hostility and ridicule, Crisp confronted numerous challenges, including many unfavourable encounters with societal norms and authority figures. The narrative focuses on Crisp's courage and steadfastness in presenting an authentic version of himself to the world, showcasing the struggles of an honest man battling against the prevailing attitudes of his era. In a separate discussion regarding the portrayal of women in media, a letter to the editor from a Christchurch resident, A. Floyd, responds to a previous commentary about a Duran Duran special that aired on television. Floyd critiques the standards applied to the depiction of women in scanty clothing, questioning the thin line between suggestive imagery and pornography. He argues that the portrayal of women in bras, panties, and suspenders is commonplace in numerous forms of media, including magazines and television shows. Floyd posits that if such representations are classified as pornography, then similar attire, such as bikinis on women or swimming trunks on men, should also fall under that categorisation. He further underscores that the only real pornography available in New Zealand comprises adult films that some parents allow their children to view, prompting a reflection on societal definition and acceptance of pornography. Floyd questions the ability of society to definitively label content as pornographic, reflecting a broader conversation about censorship and media representation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850613_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850613.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487425600
5661,13,06,1985,"Television And Radio (Press, 13 June 1985)","oyant figure known for his defiance of societal norms, who gained fame through his autobiographical writings. The television drama portrays his life, focusing on his experiences as an openly gay man in a time when homosexuality was largely frowned upon in British society. The narrative highlights his struggles with identity, societal rejection, and his bold approach to life. Crisp's character, played by John Hurt, is noted for his sharp wit, charm, and the poignant reflections on the challenges he faced due to his sexuality. The production has been praised for its high-quality writing and engaging performances, leading to critical acclaim and a significant impact on discussions surrounding homosexuality in the 20th century. The praise from ""The Guardian"" emphasises the show's artistic merit as well as its cultural relevance. Winning prestigious awards such as the Prix Italia and an International Emmy further solidifies its status as a groundbreaking piece of television that resonates with audiences and offers a compelling look at the complexities of being different in a conformist society. ""The Naked Civil Servant"" has been celebrated not only for its entertainment value but also for its contribution to the discourse on acceptance, individuality, and the LGBTQ+ experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850613_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850613.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487425600
5664,14,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 14 June 1985)","In June 1985, the Presbytery of Christchurch and the North Canterbury Methodist Synod convened a joint meeting where they passed significant resolutions regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. They expressed deep concern over the emotional, uninformed, and uncaring comments surrounding the bill. As a collective of caring Christian individuals, the Synod and Presbytery affirmed their support for the bill, urging all parties involved to engage in discussions with sensitivity and understanding about this complex issue. They also called for a careful interpretation of biblical references to sexual relationships, prompting a modern understanding in the context of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. In response to the ongoing debate, a letter from Paul Maling criticises a particular amendment proposed by Mark D. Sadler. Maling asserts that Sadler's proposal amounts to a more oppressive form of apartheid than that seen in South Africa, suggesting it would criminalise homosexual relationships for males aged 16 to 20 and their older partners, potentially leading to imprisonment. Maling argues that current societal concerns about relationships should take into account the greater social risks present in heterosexual relationships, advocating for equal rights and human dignity for homosexuals. He emphasises that Members of Parliament should vote with integrity towards equality for all individuals, regardless of sexual orientation. Conversely, a letter from Dr Janet Say raised concerns about the potential health implications related to the proposed reform. Dr Say, an Auckland venereologist, warned that the A.I.D.S. virus could lead to one of the worst infectious epidemics in history. She highlighted various diseases that could affect homosexuals, including hepatitis and other sexually transmitted diseases, suggesting that the passing of the bill could hurt public health rather than improve it. Overall, the discussions reflect a broader societal struggle with the implications of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, demonstrating a division between those advocating for equal rights and those raising alarms about health and moral issues linked to homosexuality. This debate illustrates the complexities in approaching legislative changes regarding sexual orientation in 1985 New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850614_2_108_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850614.2.108.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487512000
5665,14,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 14 June 1985)","In a letter to the editor, V. Horton-Wilson from Clarkville expresses concern over the intolerance displayed by some individuals in response to the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which has become a prominent topic in the news. The writer notes that homosexuality and lesbianism have existed for centuries and argues that societal focus should shift towards more pressing issues, such as adultery and the resulting broken marriages. Horton-Wilson suggests that these situations lead to detrimental effects on children, who suffer from a lack of stable family environments. The letter questions what constitutes a ""normal"" family in contemporary society and highlights the importance of addressing the broader implications of relationship dynamics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850614_2_108_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850614.2.108.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487512000
5663,14,06,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 14 June 1985)","On 13 June 1985, a petition opposing homosexual law reform was presented to the New Zealand Parliament when the House convened at 2.30 p.m. Mr D. L. Kidd, representing Marlborough, introduced the petition on behalf of Mrs H. McGrath and 50 other signatories. During the session, three reports were tabled: the Public Accounts report by the Minister of Finance, Mr Douglas; a report from the Minister of Energy, Mr Tizard, on the Synthetic Fuels Corporation; and a report from the Speaker, Dr Wall, concerning the Controller and Auditor-General's review of the Public Accounts. In addition to the petition, there were 16 notices of motion and 17 questions answered by Ministers. Mr P. R. Burdon from Fendalton sought to introduce his private member's bill, the Electricity (South Island Concession) Amendment Bill (No. 2). Although the bill was introduced without any opposition, the Government opposed its referral to a select committee, resulting in a vote of 41 against 26. Consequently, the bill was placed at the bottom of the Order Paper. The House adjourned for dinner at 5.15 p.m., after which the Leader of the House, Mr Palmer, moved for urgency in the introduction and second reading of the Appropriation Bill upon resumption at 7.30 p.m. The Minister of Finance, Mr Douglas, presented the Budget, concluding at 8.36 p.m. Following this, Mr Palmer proposed that the Budget debate be adjourned until 25 June, which was approved by the House. Mr Douglas subsequently tabled the Budget papers. After the Budget presentation, debate shifted to the third reading of the Waterfront Industry Amendment Bill, where an Opposition proposal to recommit the bill failed with a vote of 26 to 42. The Government secured a victory in the subsequent division, allowing the bill to pass its third reading with a 39 to 29 vote by 9.55 p.m. Further discussions took place regarding the second reading of the Judicature Amendment Bill, leading to the second reading of the Insurance Law Reform Bill (No. 2), which successfully progressed before the House adjourned at 10.22 a.m. the following day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850614_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850614.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487512000
5666,15,06,1985,"Bill Backlash May Hit Women’s Rights—claim (Press, 15 June 1985)","During a luncheon in Wellington on 14 June 1985, more than 200 women gathered to discuss the implications of the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, with a focus on the potential backlash against women's rights. Ms Deirdre Milne from the Human Rights Commission raised concerns that Right-wing, conservative, and fundamentalist movements could target women's rights next, jeopardising the advancements made in the past decade. Milne asserted that the essence of feminism encapsulates a diversity of choice, which is fundamentally opposed by such movements. The Minister of Consumer Affairs, Mrs Shields, echoed these concerns, stating that the Right-wing opposition to change and the increasing violence against women adversely affect those women who have benefited the least from the changes achieved during the United Nations Decade for Women. She pointed out that the primary beneficiaries of these changes have predominantly been well-educated, articulate women with access to confidence and resources. The rise of Right-wing backlash, Shields warned, could further marginalise the least advantaged women. In her address, Shields highlighted that, despite the progress made, women's representation in decision-making positions remains woefully inadequate. She called for more women to be involved in these roles, not merely as equals, but because their unique perspectives contribute essential balance to decision-making. Dame Miriam Dell, the world president of the International Committee for Women, also contributed to the discussion, emphasising that while the Decade for Women had not eliminated barriers faced by women, it had shifted their attitudes toward these obstacles. In conjunction with the event, women were encouraged to support a newly established Women's Trust Fund, intended to promote women's interests in New Zealand. Trustee Brenda Cutress explained that the goal is to build a substantial capital fund, allowing for the annual distribution of interest to support women's initiatives. Overall, the discussions underscored a collective awareness of the potential risks posed by conservative backlashes and the ongoing need for advocacy and representation for women within New Zealand's socio-political landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850615_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850615.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487598400
5667,15,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 15 June 1985)","In a church members' meeting, the Riccarton Baptist Church publicly distanced itself from the National Council of Churches' position regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The members expressed their intention to love all people, including homosexual individuals, but asserted that homosexual acts contradict their interpretation of God's law and remain unacceptable. The statement was made by Ernie Pollard, the church's secretary, on 12 June 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850615_2_125_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850615.2.125.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487598400
5668,15,06,1985,"Plain And Fancy (Press, 15 June 1985)","On 12 June 1985, Fran Wilde, a Member of Parliament from Auckland, expressed frustration regarding the “plain lies” being circulated about her Homosexual Law Reform Bill. In response to her concerns, a letter from E.J. Drewery, a resident of Reefton, was published in ""The Press."" In a tongue-in-cheek manner, Drewery questioned whether Wilde would prefer ""fancy lies"" or an ""orchestrated litany of lies,"" suggesting that such deceptive practices had become popular. Drewery's commentary highlights the ongoing debate and tensions surrounding the bill and the discourse it has generated.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850615_2_125_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850615.2.125.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487598400
5670,17,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 17 June 1985)","In a letter published on 17 June 1985, Jill Wilcox expresses her dismay at the cruel treatment directed towards Quentin Crisp, an openly effeminate homosexual, during a televised event. She questions the notion of ""normality"" by highlighting the viciousness exhibited by those who persecute him, suggesting that it is they who are truly perverted. Wilcox admires Crisp for his bravery and kindness, asserting that his lifestyle, while not universally accepted, deserves respect. She concludes by lamenting the ongoing existence of such cruelty in society in 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850617_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850617.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487771200
5669,17,06,1985,"The Press Monday, June 17, 1985. Messages For The... (Press, 17 June 1985)","On 17 June 1985, an analysis of the recent Timaru by-election highlighted significant implications for New Zealand's political landscape. The Labour Party, despite its substantial majority in Parliament, faced a considerable defeat in Timaru, a seat it had held for 50 years. This outcome raised concerns about the government's support, particularly as it had been less than a year since Labour took office. The Labour Party's loss in Timaru was interpreted as a potential indicator of diminished public support for its policies, which were still in the early stages of implementation. While some party members anticipated a decrease in support during this midterm period, the scale of the defeat paved the way for speculation that Labour would have similarly struggled in a General Election. The government's failure to secure the electorate's backing pointed to a possible disconnect between their economic policies and public perception, suggesting that the anticipated benefits of these policies were not fully recognised by voters. Moreover, the analysis noted that the government’s communication strategy might have contributed to its electoral challenges. Despite advocating for ""open government"" and engaging in public discussions such as an economic summit and Budget clarifications, the Labour government's messaging seemed insufficient to counteract the discontent surrounding its proposals, particularly on issues like defence policy, superannuation, unionism, and social reforms. The Prime Minister, Mr Lange, had previously sought a concensus-driven approach; however, the result suggested that policies had instead prompted division among the populace. Candidate selection also played a pivotal role in the by-election outcome. While Labour's candidate, Jan Walker, had ties to Timaru, she lacked strong local roots, allowing the National Party's candidate, Maurice McTigue, who had local popularity, to gain the upper hand. This aspect highlighted challenges for Labour in connecting with South Island electorates, which had seen candidates from the North Island in previous selections. Moving forward, the Labour Party must demonstrate tangible benefits from its policies before the next General Election to regain confidence among voters. Conversely, the National Party’s victory bolstered Mr McLay's leadership and party morale. However, it raised questions about their long-term direction, especially given that former Labour voters appeared to have shifted allegiance to the New Zealand Party, which gained notable traction in Timaru. The Timaru result should caution both parties against complacency. For Labour, the loss serves as a reminder of the need for effective communication and visible policy benefits to maintain support. For National, while the victory was significant, they must consider strategies to win back voters who have aligned with the New Zealand Party to enhance their prospects in future elections. The large turnout at the by-election indicated that voters were engaged and serious about their choices, reinforcing that this result was more than a mere temporary shift in sentiment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850617_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850617.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487771200
5673,18,06,1985,"‘Gay’ Schools Debate In U.S. (Press, 18 June 1985)","The opening of the Harvey Milk School in New York, America's first public high school specifically for homosexual students, has ignited a nationwide discussion regarding the merits and drawbacks of segregating schools based on sexual orientation. Established in April 1985 within a Greenwich Village church, the school currently accommodates 20 students—14 boys and six girls aged 14 to 19—many of whom have previously dropped out or regularly avoided traditional high school settings. Proponents of the school, such as Tom Shannon from the National School Boards’ Association, view its creation as a compassionate response to the unique challenges faced by homosexual teenagers, suggesting it could serve as a model for other educators across the country. He lauds the establishment of such a school as a progressive step in education. However, some educators express reservations. Sandra Feldman, head of the United Federation of Teachers, acknowledges that while these students require special support, she is sceptical of whether segregation is the most effective solution. The school is operated by a local homosexual advocacy group and receives support from the New York City Board of Education, which has made provisions for teachers and curricular resources. While the concept of tailored educational programs for students with distinct needs is commonplace in New York—where there are 40 such initiatives for about 1,200 students in various special circumstances—the Harvey Milk School stands out as likely the first of its kind dedicated solely to homosexual youths. Educational guidance on the school has garnered mixed responses throughout the United States. Some officials express concern that isolating homosexual students could perpetuate a ghetto-like environment, while others believe the necessity for such a safe space for those battling chronic truancy justifies its existence. For instance, Joyce Hunter, a programme director associated with the school, insists that the institution's focus is on aiding those who struggle to succeed in mainstream education. Reactions from other school districts also reveal reluctance to adopt similar models. Many administrators, like those in San Francisco and Phoenix, emphasise the importance of integrating students to prepare them for broader social interactions post-graduation. Buffeted by statistics indicating widespread harassment of homosexual students—20 per cent of lesbians and half of homosexual men surveyed reported harassment in their formative school years—the National Gay Task Force supports the New York initiative as a necessary response to a significant issue confronting homosexual youth. In summation, while the Harvey Milk School may offer a refuge for some students, it underscores a larger societal debate about the efficacy and ethics of segregating education based on sexual orientation during the formative teenage years.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850618_2_193.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850618.2.193,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487857600
5672,18,06,1985,"Closing Date For Petition Extended (Press, 18 June 1985)","On 18 June 1985, the member of Parliament for Hauraki, Mr Graeme Lee, announced the extension of the closing date for a national petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This decision came after the Statutes Revision Committee was set to resume hearings on the bill, which had caused a delay in addressing the numerous submissions. Mr Lee, who serves as a spokesman for a coalition of MPs against the bill, noted that the previous deadline for the petition had been the day before, but with about 200 oral submissions still pending, it was deemed necessary to keep the petition open for additional signatures. The target for the petition remains one million signatures, and the final closing date will be determined by the chief petitioners in relation to the progress of the select committee hearings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850618_2_163.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850618.2.163,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487857600
5671,18,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 18 June 1985)","In a series of letters published on 18 June 1985, the ongoing debate surrounding the proposed Fran Wilde bill, which sought to decriminalise homosexuality in New Zealand, is highlighted. M. H. Broughton expresses concern over the potential impact of changing the law on public sexual orientation. Broughton argues that homosexuality is indicative of emotional immaturity, suggesting that individuals who display homosexual tendencies, particularly those emotionally maturing at later stages in life, could be influenced by the legal changes and may engage in homosexual behaviour due to lack of healthy relationships during their upbringing. Broughton suggests that decriminalising homosexuality for those over 30 would bring less change to societal norms compared to younger individuals who might be affected more significantly. In a contrasting perspective, Chris Blakely responds to Broughton's letter, sharing an anecdote about an encounter with a petitioner against the proposed bill. Blakely notes the irony of this person's opposition coming on the same day that a performance of Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6 was broadcast, reflecting on Tchaikovsky's own struggles with his sexuality. Blakely implies that there is a disconnect between traditional Christian values and the evolving views within New Zealand society, referencing the historical context of Tsarist Russia to suggest that significant progress has been made in societal attitudes towards sexuality since then. The letters underscore the tension between conservative viewpoints and a more progressive stance on LGBTQ+ rights in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850618_2_84_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850618.2.84.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,487857600
5674,20,06,1985,"B.c.n.z., Si S. Accused Of ‘gay’... (Press, 20 June 1985)","On 20 June 1985, it was reported that the Security Intelligence Service (S.I.S.) and the Broadcasting Corporation of New Zealand (B.C.N.Z.) are facing scrutiny regarding workplace discrimination against homosexuals. The issues were highlighted in a submission made by the Public Service Association (P.S.A.) concerning the ongoing Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which seeks to decriminalise consensual sex between adult males over the age of 16. The Parliament's Statutes Revision Committee, led temporarily by Labour MP Bill Dillon, intends to investigate the allegations if they are confirmed. The P.S.A. raised serious concerns about the vetting procedures of the S.I.S., suggesting that they sometimes crossed the line into harassment. The association pointed out that the S.I.S. focused unduly on the sexual orientation of public servants, suggesting that this was due to fears of blackmail that could stem from being homosexual. The P.S.A. claimed that all officers at a specific Public Service level, as well as individuals being considered for overseas positions, were required to undergo security clearances. During the vetting process, applicants were asked to provide referees, who were then questioned about the applicants' sexual orientation, among other aspects of their personal lives. P.S.A. vice-president Colin Feslier noted that one woman discovered that individuals she had never met were queried about her sexual orientation. In addition to the S.I.S. issues, the P.S.A. documented other instances where homosexuals were allegedly discriminated against in the workplace. One particularly striking example involved a B.C.N.Z. employee who was photographed at a homosexual rights rally. Following the publication of the photograph in a newspaper, the individual was called in for an interview by five senior male B.C.N.Z. officials and told that the photograph would be kept in his personal file for 40 years. He was pressured to resign, although intervention from the P.S.A. led to the removal of the photograph from his record. Nevertheless, the individual eventually chose to resign. The Statutes Revision Committee is seeking confirmation from the P.S.A. regarding the accuracy of these claims and has assured that witnesses would be protected by confidentiality. There were discussions in the committee about allowing the S.I.S. a chance to respond to the allegations. The ongoing dialogue reflects a broader societal examination of homosexual rights and the implications of the proposed legal reforms in 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850620_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850620.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488030400
5675,20,06,1985,"Father Donnelly Is Still Outspoken, Still Unhappy... (Press, 20 June 1985)","Father Felix Donnelly, an Auckland priest, remains a controversial figure within the Catholic Church five years after being publicly reprimanded by Bishop John Mackey in 1980 for his outspoken views on church issues. While he describes himself as a happier man now, he continues to critique the church's stances on major topics such as birth control and the role of women, asserting these decisions are made by a “group of elderly, celibate males.” Donnelly's criticisms have evolved over the years; he condemns the Vatican for corruption, describes the Pope's refusal to address crucial questions as reactionary, and advocates for change within the church that reflects modern societal values. Father Donnelly’s censure has not deterred him. He has found a unique niche that allows him to remain connected to his faith while acting independently. He serves as a skilled counsellor, is involved with the Youthlink Trust that supports troubled youths, and has recently obtained a doctorate from Auckland University focusing on his experiences rehabilitating young people. He hosts a popular talkback radio show and expresses his disconnection from traditional priestly duties, viewing public preaching as outdated. Despite being forbidden to say Mass publicly or hear confessions (except in extreme circumstances), Father Donnelly feels liberated by his status. He is devoted to helping young people, many of whom are in state custody, and believes this commitment is far more impactful than the duties of a traditional parish priest. With a history of extensive involvement in youth support, Donnelly has authored books discussing his experiences, including the book ""Who Cares?"" Father Donnelly openly questions mandatory celibacy within the priesthood, arguing it is a controlling mechanism of the church that has negative repercussions for both clergy and the broader community. He notes that the current system often leads to dishonesty and affirms the need for both married clergy and the inclusion of women in leadership roles to reflect contemporary society. In his view, the church’s resistance to such changes signals deeper issues within its leadership, including a troubling history of corruption. While he acknowledges the positive work being done by the church, he expresses significant disillusionment with its ability to adapt and address key issues affecting its followers. He argues that many Catholics are disengaging from the church as they seek meaning outside of its confines, feeling that traditional churches are on the decline. On the subject of homosexuality, Donnelly speaks passionately against discrimination, citing his understanding derived from personal counselling experiences. He asserts that being gay is not a choice, and those struggling with their identities should be allowed to feel self-worth without societal stigma. He criticises campaigns against homosexual law reform as rooted in ignorance and misrepresentation, suggesting that those promoting such agendas are often themselves grappling with their identities. In summary, Father Felix Donnelly is a priest who, while officially sidelined, continues to be a vocal advocate for progressive change within the Catholic Church, supporting the acceptance of varied sexual orientations, the inclusion of women, and challenging outdated doctrines. His journey reflects a blend of personal conviction and professional dedication to helping the vulnerable in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850620_2_93_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850620.2.93.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488030400
5676,20,06,1985,"Positive Discrimination Backed (Press, 20 June 1985)","On 20 June 1985, Women Against Pornography, a group based in Wellington, expressed its views to a Parliamentary Select Committee regarding the ongoing considerations of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The bill aims to decriminalise consensual sexual activity among adult males over the age of 16, while also ensuring protections for individuals under 16 and amending the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. Women Against Pornography argued that lesbian and homosexual rights groups should be able to ""positively"" discriminate in their hiring practices, specifically allowing them to seek employees of matching sexual orientation. They advocated for positive representations of homosexual and lesbian sexuality in media and called for its inclusion in sex education programmes. The group condemned the television industry's inconsistency, noting that while programmes depicting violence against women were routinely aired, a lesbian kiss was censored. They expressed outrage at the criteria used by bodies like the Indecent Publications Tribunal, which deemed depictions of lesbianism relevant in decisions about what constituted pornography. The group posited that extending the Human Rights Commission Act to include protections against discrimination based on sexuality could set an essential precedent in combatting hate speech related to sexual orientation. During the hearing, the Gay Task Force also presented its perspectives, emphasising the need to alleviate pressures on homosexual individuals which hindered education about AIDs (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). They argued that changes in both law and societal attitudes were crucial for addressing the AIDs crisis. Furthermore, they contended that the State had no place in legislating or defining morality in relation to consensual sexual activities between adults. The Task Force voiced concerns about the legal challenges public health bodies, like the Health Department, faced in advising on safe sexual practices when those practices were technically illegal. They noted that such legal constraints fostered a climate of fear, discouraging individuals from seeking necessary support or guidance regarding their sexual health. In their submission, the Task Force supported the bill as it stood and maintained that the age of consent should remain at 16. They argued that any deviation from this age would unfairly increase pressures on young gay men and exacerbate discriminatory practices against homosexuality, thus hindering equality. Overall, the proceedings highlighted a significant discourse on LGBTQ rights in New Zealand during the mid-1980s, with advocates pushing for legal reform, the promotion of safe practices, and the dismantling of stigma associated with sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850620_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850620.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488030400
5678,21,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 21 June 1985)","In June 1985, a series of letters to the editor were published in response to views expressed by M. H. Broughton regarding homosexuality. Broughton claimed that homosexuality stems from emotional immaturity linked to dysfunctional parental relationships and suggested a minimum age of consent of 30 to protect youth from what he termed ""seduction"" by homosexuals. Craig Hood responded by rejecting Broughton’s assertions, emphasizing that respected scientific opinion supports the understanding that homosexuality is a natural orientation and not a condition resulting from immaturity or choice. He argued that it is more emotionally immature for heterosexual individuals to feel threatened by the existence of gay individuals. Paul Maling further countered Broughton's claims, asserting that his conclusions were based on unsubstantiated psychoanalytic theories. Maling pointed to the lives of renowned homosexuals such as Roger Casement, Tchaikovsky, and Oscar Wilde as evidence that emotional depth and maturity can exist alongside homosexuality. He noted that the progression of sexual development is multifaceted and cannot be reduced to simple theories of immaturity. Mark D. Sadler chimed in to critique Maling, suggesting that youth compliance warrants raising the age of consent to 20 to allow young men more time to engage with heterosexual relationships before facing pressure from homosexuals. He claimed that research contradicts the notion that sexual orientation is fixed early in life. Sadler asserted that experimentation with homosexual relationships may lead to complications in future heterosexual marriages. K. L. Crump, writing on behalf of the Gay Task Force in Wellington, responded by challenging Broughton’s assertion that the causes of homosexuality are linked to emotional immaturity. Crump stated that the origins of sexual orientation are complex and not fully understood. He argued that punitive laws do not deter sexual activity but rather drive it underground, calling for a reform based on fundamental human rights for sexual minorities rather than the maintenance of majority moral standards. Overall, these letters highlight the ongoing debates around homosexuality during this time, reflecting broader societal tensions regarding sexual orientation, consent laws, and the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850621_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850621.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488116800
5677,21,06,1985,"Post-primary Teachers Support Reform Bill (Press, 21 June 1985)","On 21 June 1985, the Post-Primary Teachers’ Association (PPTA) in New Zealand stated that a male teacher who engaged in sexual relations with a male pupil would face job loss, even if legal changes permitted consensual sex between males aged over 16. The association clarified that this policy would equally apply to heterosexual relationships between teachers and students over the age of consent. The PPTA, representing 13,000 members, presented its stance to the Parliament’s Statutes Revision Committee, which was considering the Homosexual Law Reform Bill aimed at decriminalising sexual activities between consenting adult males aged over 16. In its submission, the PTOA expressed support for the bill, arguing that current laws created a legal barrier for teachers and highlighted the inequality in how sexual behaviour was legislated for men and boys compared to women and girls. The association sought to eliminate such discrimination. During the presentation, PPTA president Mr Tony Steele addressed concerns regarding a petition against the bill circulating on school grounds, indicating that children might have been misled into signing it due to language suggesting it was a “health petition.” Steele noted that children could be influenced to sign such petitions by adults in authoritative positions, raising concerns about the integrity of the process. Moreover, the New Zealand Association of Social Workers contributed to the discussion, stating that a prevalent argument against decriminalisation was the fear of homosexual assaults on children. However, they pointed out that evidence showed that young girls were more frequently victims of sexual assault, predominantly by heterosexual males. They advocated for setting the age of consent at 16 for all genders, arguing that differing age limits would lead to increased legal scrutiny and intervention against homosexual males aged between 16 and the determined age of consent. Additionally, the association highlighted the existence of discrimination against homosexuals in recruitment policies, particularly within the social work domain. They noted that in the Probation Service, managers were instructed to closely question applicants about their sexual orientation if they were over 30 and unmarried. Furthermore, it was stated that the employment of homosexual and lesbian social workers in residential settings faced prohibitions, revealing the broader societal challenges that LGBTQ+ individuals encountered in professional environments. This conversation on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and its implications showcased a critical turning point in New Zealand's approach to homosexuality and the rights of individuals within the education and social work sectors. The associations involved called for greater equality and the dismantling of discriminatory practices that affected both educators and social workers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850621_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850621.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488116800
5681,22,06,1985,"Bills Referred To Select Committees (Press, 22 June 1985)","On 22 June 1985, a report from Parliament highlighted the legislative activities as Parliament rose on 14 June. Several bills were either referred to or before select committees. Key bills discussed included those related to commerce and energy, which featured the Boilers, Lifts, and Cranes Amendment, Copyright Amendment, and Ports Authority (Replacement of Plant or Equipment) Amendment, among others. The Statistics Amendment and Video Classification were also mentioned, alongside the Export-Import Corporation Amendment and Market Development Board regulations. In the realm of disarmament and arms control, the Prohibition of Nuclear Vessels and Weapons bill was introduced. Other significant areas covered included electoral law with a focus on Popular Initiatives, and labour and education through the Education Amendment bill. The Lands and Agriculture committee reviewed the Forests (Kaimai-Mamaku State Forest Park) Amendment and matters concerning Plant Varieties and Survey. Local bills included the Auckland Regional Authority (Regional Planning Scheme) Empowering, Great Barrier Island (Mining Privileges), Hamilton City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering, and Mount Smart Regional Recreation Centre initiatives. In Maori Affairs, the Maori Affairs Amendment Bill was identified, which had previously been part of the Maori Purposes Bill, along with the Treaty of Waitangi Amendment. Additionally, public expenditure discussions involved the Public Finance (Treasury Reports) Amendment. The Road Safety committee had pending matters on the Transport Amendment (No. 4). Under standing orders, the Parliamentary Service was a focus for the ongoing legislative review. The Statutes Revision committee addressed a range of topics, such as the Adult Adoption Information, Homosexual Law Reform, and the Powers of Search (Internal Concealment). Concerns regarding public safety led to discussions on the repeal of specific laws, alongside ongoing efforts in rape law reform. Before Parliament adjourned, several bills were listed for consideration on the order paper for 14 June, including the Insurance Law Reform Bill (No. 2), which was set to be committed. Other bills included the Maori Purposes Bill, Penal Institutions Amendment Bill (No. 2), Criminal Justice Bill (No. 2), Judicature Amendment Bill, and further sessions of the Penal Institutions Amendment and Criminal Justice bills. Finally, it was agreed that following the Insurance Law Reform Bill’s committal stages, it would be divided into separate bills for more detailed consideration. This session's legislative development reflects the government's continuing focus on a variety of critical social, economic, and governance issues at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850622_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850622.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488203200
5679,22,06,1985,"Call For 20 P.c. ‘gay’ Seats In House (Press, 22 June 1985)","On 22 June 1985, during discussions related to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, a Wellington group named Lesbian Liberation Health made significant proposals to the Statutes Revision Committee. They advocated for the allocation of 20 per cent of Parliament seats to homosexual men and women, asserting that these representatives should possess the authority to veto legislation impacting the homosexual community. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill seeks to decriminalise sexual activities between consenting adult males over the age of 16, and the group expressed support for this legislation. In their submission, they proposed various amendments to enhance the representation and welfare of the lesbian and gay communities. One of their suggestions included the establishment of a lesbian and homosexual electoral roll, which would function similarly to the existing Maori electoral roll. Furthermore, they recommended that all government departments should implement a minimum quota of 10 per cent for the employment of lesbians and homosexuals. The group also urged that 10 per cent of government revenue should be allocated to fund welfare and educational services deemed necessary by the lesbian and gay communities. Additionally, they called for the creation of a tribunal, staffed solely by lesbians and homosexual men, to address complaints related to past discrimination and oppression. This tribunal would have the authority to seek reparations from individuals found guilty of infringing upon homosexual rights. Lastly, the group emphasised the importance of education in workplaces, advocating for all employers to provide training on homosexuality, including the contributions and achievements of lesbians and gay men in society. Overall, the submissions from Lesbian Liberation Health highlight the ongoing fight for equal rights and recognition for the homosexual community in New Zealand during this pivotal time in the legislative process.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850622_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850622.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488203200
5680,22,06,1985,"Questions To State Body Possible Over ‘gay... (Press, 22 June 1985)","The State Services Commission may be summoned before Parliament's Statutes Revision Committee to address allegations of discrimination against homosexuals by the Security Intelligence Service (S.I.S.) and the Broadcasting Corporation. This inquiry follows specific claims related to the S.I.S.'s vetting processes for public servant security clearances, as well as an incident involving a man who was allegedly pressured to resign from the Broadcasting Corporation after appearing in a newspaper photograph of a homosexual rights demonstration. The Public Service Association (P.S.A.) highlighted these concerns in its submission regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, arguing that the S.I.S. placed “disproportionate emphasis” on an individual’s sexual orientation when assessing potential security risks linked to blackmail. The committee is set to investigate these incidents, and if the claims are substantiated, they will seek justification from both the S.I.S. and the Broadcasting Corporation regarding their practices, which are presented as instances of workplace discrimination against homosexual individuals. Mr. Bill Dillon, the committee’s acting chairman and a member of the Labour Party representing Hamilton East, indicated that the State Services Commission should also present its perspective given its role as a State employer. While he has refrained from making any definitive judgements on the allegations, Dillon expressed his belief that the commission might suggest that sexual orientation should not factor into the hiring or placement decisions for public servants. The committee has been actively reviewing submissions related to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which aims to rectify legal barriers by decriminalising consensual sexual activities between male adults over the age of 16.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850622_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850622.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488203200
5682,24,06,1985,"Busy Year For Family Planning. (Press, 24 June 1985)","In the year 1984-85, the Christchurch clinic of the Family Planning Association of New Zealand experienced significant growth, with two thousand additional patients visiting compared to the previous year. This increase was accompanied by a slight rise in consultation fees, leading to a remarkable 52 per cent boost in patient revenue and an overall 15 per cent increase in total income for the branch. Dr Diana Edwards, the medical director, explained that management innovations, including altered staffing ratios with fewer hours for doctors and more for nurses, played a vital role in the clinic's improved financial situation. This change has energised staff, resulting in numerous innovative ideas for enhancing clinic operations. Dr Edwards highlighted the clinic's dedication to addressing chlamydia infections, emphasising that all pregnant patients are routinely screened, with a 23 per cent infection rate noted. This proactive approach has contributed to a decrease in post-operative complications. Alongside the primary clinic, those in Blenheim, the West Coast, and Rangiora have been maintaining service levels, while attendance at the Aranui clinic has surged. Mrs Ros Burdon, the branch president, praised the efforts of staff and volunteers during this successful year, noting a substantial increase in demand for counselling services, particularly for sexual issues. By mid-1985, clients faced waiting times of two to three weeks for daytime counselling and booked evening sessions up to two months in advance. Despite the financial success, the clinic faced challenges with space and funding, anticipating an $18,000 deficit in the coming year due to a lack of increased support from the Health Department. Burdon expressed hope for a resolution regarding their space constraints. The association highlighted its involvement in the upcoming Sexuality and Disability Training Conference set for late August and early September. Education initiatives have expanded, with increasing advisory roles for professionals such as psychologists and public health nurses, and more schools incorporating sexuality education programmes, especially at the intermediate level. In other news, Judith Nathan, a University of Canterbury tutor, became the first Christchurch resident elected to the national executive of the Young Women’s Christian Association (Y.W.C.A.), serving as national vice-president following the four-yearly convention in Auckland. Nathan has been active in promoting issues related to women's public affairs, advocating for social justice and equality, including support for the United Nations women's convention and the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. On 26 June, an event for Christian women will focus on re-examining the roles of traditional Biblical figures like Mary and Martha, encouraging participants to strengthen their self-image through discussions and activities. Additionally, the Family Planning Association's Christchurch branch plans a busy winter programme in sexuality education, with courses addressing topics ranging from menopause to sexual abuse, offering various educational opportunities to the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850624_2_58_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850624.2.58.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488376000
5683,24,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 24 June 1985)","On June 19, 1985, Tony Steele, president of the New Zealand Post-Primary Teachers’ Association (P.P.T.A.), publicly declared the association's support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Steele argued that he represented the views of his members based on existing policies promoting equal opportunity and respect for minority groups. However, Gerry Brownlee, a P.P.T.A. member, challenged Steele's assertion, stating that the broader membership had not been consulted on such a controversial topic. Brownlee expressed his disagreement, suggesting that Steele lacked the mandate to voice opinions that pertain to moral issues with significant implications. In response to the rising opposition against the bill, Ian Rowland and Yvonne Holmes highlighted the alarming number of nearly one million signatures gathered against it, equating the misinformation spread by opponents to historical propaganda used to justify the persecution of homosexuals. They condemned the hypocrisy of those who argue against the bill while being indifferent to serious societal issues such as rape and incest, which involve a lack of consent. Mark D. Sadler, a critic of the proposed law reform, suggested increasing the age of consent to 20 to alleviate pressure on young men from homosexuals. Erick W. Black refuted Sadler's viewpoint, arguing that such a stance fails to consider the needs and feelings of young homosexual men. He emphasised that the legal acceptance of homosexuality could potentially lead to improved societal attitudes, alleviating distress for both homosexuals and heterosexuals. John G. Freeman emerged as a voice against the bill, positing that the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would usher in an excessively permissive society, which he associated with family breakdown and increased venereal diseases. Freeman urged society to reject the bill, claiming that a courageous stand could restore societal values. Overall, the debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was marked by polarising opinions among members of the P.P.T.A. and broader society. The discussions encapsulated varying beliefs about moral values, personal freedoms, and the societal implications of legal reforms regarding homosexuality in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850624_2_68_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850624.2.68.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488376000
6940,24,06,1985,"Police Worried After A.I.D.S. Victim Search (Press, 24 June 1985)","On 24 June 1985, an incident involving the arrest of a 25-year-old transvestite in Auckland raised concerns among the police regarding the risk of A.I.D.S. The individual was apprehended on charges related to minor theft and receiving stolen property at approximately 1.40 p.m. on Thursday. Following the arrest, the transvestite was taken to the Auckland Central police station where they were subjected to fingerprinting and a body search. Subsequent to the search, police learned that the transvestite was being treated for A.I.D.S. at a hospital. Senior-Sergeant Mick Anderson, the watch-house keeper, expressed that his staff were quite distressed upon discovering this information, despite medical guidance indicating that there was no risk of transmitting the disease through skin contact. To ensure safety, a cleaner, equipped with protective gear designed for A.I.D.S. protocols, disinfected the cell where the individual was held overnight. During the handling of the transvestite's belongings, police personnel were apprehensive and adhered to safety measures, including the use of A.I.D.S. protection kits, though they felt compelled to manage the property due to procedural requirements. As the situation unfolded, police informed other prisoners who were being transported to the District Court about the presence of an A.I.D.S. sufferer among them, but none of the prisoners seemed concerned about the disclosure, according to Senior-Sergeant Anderson. In the court proceedings that followed, precautions were taken to isolate the transvestite from the general prison population during their appearance on the charges. On the following day, the transvestite requested bail during the court session, citing the need for urgent medical treatment. The police verified this claim with hospital authorities, who confirmed the necessity for hospital care. Consequently, bail was granted to the transvestite, allowing them to seek the required medical attention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850624_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850624.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488376000
6719,26,06,1985,"Sex Education In Schools (Press, 26 June 1985)","In a letter published on 26 June 1985, R. M. Wyllie from Sefton shares her views on sex education in schools. She argues that introducing sex education in junior school can be more harmful than beneficial, as children typically do not have a real understanding of sexuality until around the ages of 10 or 12. Wyllie suggests that the question ""where did I come from?"" does not require a detailed answer at a young age. She expresses that while intermediate school instruction is adequate, particularly during parent and child evenings, there are significant shortcomings in sex education at the high school level. Wyllie highlights her concern over the negative impacts she has observed on teenage girls, whom she describes as having serious emotional issues related to sexuality. She reiterates her intent to personally educate her own children on these matters rather than having them taught by individuals she identifies as a lesbian, gay, de facto partner, or feminist.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850626_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850626.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488548800
5684,26,06,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 26 June 1985)","On 26 June 1985, the New Zealand Parliament convened to express its deep sorrow over the tragic crash of an Air India Boeing 747, which resulted in the loss of 329 lives in the Atlantic. The Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay, initiated a motion during the session, supported by the Prime Minister, Mr Lange. This motion not only mourned the victims but also condemned the ongoing issue of hijackings occurring in the Mediterranean and the Middle East, urging all nations and relevant international organisations to join forces in combating terrorism and ensuring the safety of air travel. During the session, the Speaker of the House, Dr Wall, announced the Royal Assent given by the Governor-General, Sir David Beattie, to ten separate acts of Parliament, including various amendments related to industrial relations, wages protection, postal services, and the railways. Additionally, Sir David Beattie recommended the House allocate public funds for legislative bills concerning insurance law reform, criminal justice, and other key areas. Several petitions were presented during the proceedings. Notably, Mr J. L. Hunt, the Minister of Broadcasting, brought forth a petition from Muriel Catherine Rowberry and 50 others from the Auckland Nurses’ Association calling for the repeal of the State Services Conditions of Employment Act, 1983. Similarly, Mr Peter Neilson presented another petition from the Wellington Nurses’ Association with 73 signatures, seeking the same repeal. On the other hand, Mr W. R. Storey presented two petitions urging the rejection of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, with signatures from community members. Further substantive reports were tabled, including one from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs presented by Prime Minister Lange and another from the Valuation Department for the fiscal year ending on 31 March presented by Minister Moyle. During this session, 16 notices of motion were raised, and ministers responded to 20 separate questions from members. Dr Cullen, chairman of the Statutes Revision Committee, put forward the reporting back of the Adult Adoption Information Bill. In the later part of the day, Mr McLay opened formal debate on the Budget, after the House resumed at 7.30 p.m. This debate pertained to the Appropriation Bill (No. 2), which had been adjourned following the Budget reading on 13 June. Parliament concluded its sitting for the day at 10.30 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850626_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850626.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488548800
7111,27,06,1985,"“On Your Marks” (Press, 27 June 1985)","In a letter to the editor dated 26 June 1985, Jeff Boyd expressed concern over a cartoon published in the same issue that depicted the arms race. Boyd pointed out that the cartoon illustrated 25 recognisable symbols associated with the Soviet Union compared to only five symbols representing the United States. He questioned the balance of the representation in the cartoon, suggesting it favoured the portrayal of the U.S.S.R. He expressed his views to clarify that he was not attempting to downplay the seriousness of the arms race, but rather to highlight what he perceived as an imbalance in the representation of the two superpowers in the editorial content. Boyd also made light of his own affiliations, mentioning that he had previously worn a Hart badge and engaged amicably with the gay community, which he felt might cause readers to judge his intentions. Overall, his letter served as a critique of the cartoon's depiction and a call for a more balanced representation in media commentary regarding international issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850627_2_76_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850627.2.76.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488635200
5687,27,06,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 27 June 1985)","In a series of letters to the editor, individuals express their views regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. J. I. Doney emphasises several key points in her argument against those opposed to the bill. She asserts that homosexuals do not commit acts of rape against women, contrasting it with the actions of some heterosexuals. Doney anticipates a potential rebuttal concerning abuse of boys, urging critics to consider the statistics of sexual molestation of girls by heterosexual men, particularly in incest cases. She argues against using criminal law to enforce moral standards and insists that laws should not discriminate between genders, stating that a law distinguishing between homosexuals and lesbians is unjust. In another letter, E. R. L. Wilson responds to Mark D. Sadler’s views supporting legal tolerance towards homosexuals, addressing Sadler’s comments regarding the age of consent. Wilson critiques Sadler’s interpretation of statistics from the Kinsey Report, noting that at age 16, a significant portion of individuals reported some homosexual activity, while 50 per cent identified as exclusively heterosexual. By the age of 20, those identifying as exclusively heterosexual increased to 65 per cent, but the proportion indicating homosexual behaviour remained steady at 26 per cent, indicating that the rise in exclusive heterosexuality was matched by a decrease in those inactive in sexual relationships. Wilson highlights that this suggests a lack of evidence for a transition from homosexuality to heterosexuality and underscores the point that adolescent homosexual behaviour does not determine a person's sexual orientation throughout their life. Both letters reflect the societal tensions and debates surrounding homosexual rights in New Zealand during this period, contributing to the larger conversation regarding the legal and moral implications of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850627_2_76_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850627.2.76.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488635200
5685,27,06,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 27 June 1985)","On 26 June 1985, members of Parliament in Wellington presented two notable petitions during the afternoon session. The first petition, brought forth by Mr P. R. Burdon (National Party, Fendalton), was from the Dannevirke branch of the Nurses' Association and 84 others, urging the Government to repeal the State Services Conditions of Employment Amendment Act, 1983. The second petition was presented by Mr. J. G. Dillon (Labour Party, Hamilton East), which was from Diana May Benfell of Hamilton and 147 others, asking Parliament to reject the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. During the session, Prime Minister Mr David Lange tabled the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. Additionally, the Minister of Broadcasting, Mr. Hunt, on behalf of the Minister of Education, Mr. Marshall—who was overseas—tabled the 1984 report of the University Grants Committee and University Institutions. Mr. Hunt also presented the report from the Pacific Islands Polynesian Education Foundation for the year ending 31 December 1984. Throughout the session, members introduced 13 notices of motion, while ministers responded to 18 questions raised by parliamentarians. A request from Opposition spokesman on the Post Office, Mr. R. F. H. Maxwell (National Party, Taranaki), for an adjournment debate regarding the Government's decision to cancel housing loans for non-customers of the Post Office was denied by Speaker Dr. Wall. The discussion transitioned into Ministerial replies to queries before shifting back to an interrupted debate on the Electricity (South Island Concession) Amendment Bill. While the bill was introduced, it did not pass the vote required to be referred to a Parliamentary select committee, with 29 in favour and 39 against, leading to its lapse. In another matter, there was a conscience vote resulting in a 52 to 16 decision to have the report of the Statutes Revision Committee on the Adult Adoption Information Bill lie on the table for future reference. The House adjourned for dinner at 5.35 p.m. Upon resuming at 7.30 p.m., the debate continued on the Appropriation Bill (No. 2), which had been paused when Parliament last rose on the previous Tuesday evening. This debate ultimately concluded with the House rising again at 10.30 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850627_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850627.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488635200
5686,27,06,1985,"Threesome Move On At Last (Press, 27 June 1985)","The final episode of ""Three’s Company,"" which aired on 27 June 1985, marks the conclusion of its eight-season run. The sitcom, adapted from the British series ""Man About The House,"" first premiered in the United States in March 1977 for a limited season before returning permanently later that year. The premise revolved around a young man, Jack, living in a Los Angeles apartment with two young women, Janet and Chrissy, while the landlord mistakenly believed Jack to be homosexual, thereby allowing the arrangement. Over the years, while the show's core concept remained consistent, the cast experienced significant changes. John Ritter, who played Jack, and Joyce DeWitt, who portrayed Janet, were the only original cast members to remain throughout the series. Suzanne Somers, who played the quirky character Chrissy Snow during the initial episodes, left the show after its early seasons. The original ensemble also included Norman Fell as the somewhat ineffective landlord, Stanley Roper, and Audra Lindley as his wife, Helen. In 1978, Richard Kline joined the cast as Jack’s friend, Larry, followed by Don Knotts as the new landlord, Ralph Furley, along with Ann Weageworth as their neighbour, Lana Shields. Upon concluding its eight-season broadcast, ""Three’s Company"" inspired a sequel titled ""Three’s a Crowd,"" which continued Jack’s story as he navigated marriage with a new landlord role played by his father-in-law. However, ""Three’s a Crowd"" did not achieve the same level of popularity as its predecessor and was ultimately cancelled. Additionally, a repeat season of the classic sixties comedy ""The Monkees"" was announced to begin screening on 4 July 1985 at 6.30 on Channel Two, highlighting the ongoing affection for retro television programming amid the conclusion of ""Three’s Company.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850627_2_71_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850627.2.71.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488635200
5689,28,06,1985,"Australians Need Teaching About Sex—m.p. (Press, 28 June 1985)","In a controversial commentary, Lance Milne, the 69-year-old Leader of the Australian Democrats in South Australia, has suggested that the poor performance of Australian men in romantic and sexual relationships may contribute to a rise in lesbianism. In a letter featured in the latest edition of the state teachers' journal, Milne expressed strong views on the differences between making love and mere sexual intercourse. He argued that many men have not grasped the essential emotional engagement involved in loving relationships, which he claims should take significantly longer than a fleeting encounter. Milne's remarks come amidst ongoing public discussions regarding the Institute of Teachers' proposed policy to educate students about homosexuality in schools. He lamented that sex education currently misses teaching what he considers ""normal"" behaviour, leading to a knowledge gap that may impact both heterosexual and homosexual relationships. He noted that many teachers and parents shy away from discussing the intricacies of sexual relationships, resulting in misconceptions and lack of understanding among young people. He described the issue as stemming from men's thoughtlessness in their approach to intimacy, stating that many are ""dirty"", ""tactless"", and exhibit a lack of consideration in intimate situations. Milne suggested that the attentiveness often found in relationships between women could potentially entice women away from heterosexual relationships, leading to an increase in lesbianism. While he acknowledged this trend, he emphatically stated that he did not condone it, highlighting that if all women were to pursue same-sex relationships, it would jeopardise human procreation. The commentary also included broader observations about human sexuality, arguing that humans are unique in their year-round pursuit of sexual encounters largely for pleasure, rather than solely for reproduction. Milne aimed to underline the necessity of understanding sexual behaviour and highlighted the importance of teaching both young men and women to cultivate thoughtfulness and cleanliness in their sexual relationships, countering the idea of quick, impersonal encounters. His statements have sparked debate about the responsibilities of educators in discussing sexuality, the role of societal norms in shaping sexual behaviour, and the wider implications of how we approach sexual education for future generations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850628_2_65_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850628.2.65.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488721600
6720,28,06,1985,"Pupils Under Siege At Harvey Milk School (Press, 28 June 1985)","The Harvey Milk School, New York's first high school dedicated to gay students, has recently attracted media attention and protests, including the presence of police and fundamentalist preachers. Established to provide a safe environment for vulnerable students, the school, named after the slain gay politician Harvey Milk, serves around 20 students aged between 14 and 19. These students, many of whom are dropouts or facing severe challenges such as family rejection and abuse, are often intimidated by traditional school settings that have historically subjected them to harassment and violence. At the school, which operates out of a single classroom with one teacher, the students struggle with their identities and past traumas. They have encountered significant obstacles, such as being forced into uncomfortable situations in mainstream schools — for instance, one boy was placed in a girls' gym class upon his teacher learning about his sexuality. Students have reported being expelled or subjected to physical assault, intensifying their sense of alienation. Steve Ashkinazy, from the Institute for the Protection of Gay and Lesbian Youth, highlights the extreme reluctance and fear these students feel regarding traditional schooling, demonstrating a profound distrust towards systems purportedly designed to support them. Although the Harvey Milk School aims to help reintegrate these children into conventional schools, it faces challenges arising from the recent media frenzy surrounding it. An unexpected surge of reporters and cameras has increased the stress on students who sought a refuge where they felt safe. While there are other alternative schools in New York catering to various at-risk groups such as teenage mothers and children with substance abuse issues, the Harvey Milk School’s focus on gay youth has stirred controversy. Administrators insist that the school's purpose is not segregation, but rather addressing the immediate needs of students who would otherwise be lost to the school system. Despite some students returning to mainstream education, the overwhelming attention has shaken their fragile self-esteem, causing fear and withdrawal. The media spectacle reminds these young individuals of their status as outsiders while fundamentalist protestors further exacerbate their feelings of alienation. The circumstances surrounding the school are emblematic of broader societal challenges faced by LGBTQ+ youth in 1985, reflecting on systemic failures in educational institutions and the impact of societal prejudice on the mental health and well-being of young people.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850628_2_86_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850628.2.86.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488721600
5688,28,06,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 28 June 1985)","On 27 June 1985, during a parliamentary session, Mr M. P. McTigue, the newly elected National member for Timaru, was sworn in. The session commenced at 2.30 p.m. with Mr J. J. Terris, the Chairman of Committees from the Labour Party, presenting a report concerning the St Peter’s School Trust Board Bill. The committee recommended that the bill proceed with amendments, leading to its second and third readings. Mr T. C. Mallard, also from the Labour Party and representing Hamilton West, introduced four petitions urging Parliament to reject the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The petitions were from various individuals, including Mrs Gail Beth Hirst with 125 signatures, Mrs Diane Rosina Divett with 76, Miss Christine Maree Dold with 80, and Mrs Ruth van der Sluis with 120 supporters. During the session, five reports were submitted. The Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, presented the report from the Lay Observers. Meanwhile, Mr Caygill, the Minister of Trade and Industry, on behalf of the Minister of Finance, Mr Douglas, submitted the report of the Registrar of Building Societies. Mr Caygill also provided a report from the New Zealand Planning Council. The Minister of Local Government, Dr Bassett, presented reports from the Health Services Personnel Commission and the Local Government Commission. Throughout the session, members made 13 notices of motion and addressed 18 questions posed by ministers. Later, Mr Hunt, the Acting Leader of the House, moved for urgency in passing the Social Security Amendment Bill through all legislative stages. The motion for urgency was passed with a vote of 40 to 29, and this initiated the introductory debate on the bill. Following its introduction, the bill was referred to the Health and Welfare Select Committee. The House adjourned for dinner at 5.24 p.m., before resuming the debate on the second reading of the Appropriation Bill at 7.30 p.m. The discussion on this bill continued until the House adjourned for the night at 10.30 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850628_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850628.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488721600
5690,29,06,1985,"Life Term For Murder (Press, 29 June 1985)","An 18-year-old from Auckland, Neville Andrew Edgerton, was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Glen Dalrymple Martin. The verdict was delivered by a jury in the High Court at Auckland after a four-day trial that concluded on 29 June 1985. The murder took place on 15 January 1985, following a day of drinking together at an Auckland hotel. The jury learned that Edgerton stabbed Mr Martin multiple times after Mr Martin declined two homosexual advances made by Edgerton. Justice Casey presided over the case and imposed the life sentence following the jury's decision.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850629_2_38_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850629.2.38.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488808000
5691,01,07,1985,"‘Good Family Unit’ Seen As Slavery (Press, 1 July 1985)","On 1 July 1985, the Women's Electoral Lobby (W.E.L.) held its twentieth annual national conference in Hamilton, where national coordinator Dorothy Wilson delivered a powerful address highlighting the rise of fundamentalist Christian groups advocating for a traditional family structure that Wilson argued promotes female oppression. She claimed that these groups are pushing for a return to a model where women are relegated to domestic roles akin to ""female slavery."" Wilson critiqued the terminology used by these groups, particularly their emphasis on a “good family unit,” which she interpreted as a paternalistic structure dominated by men, where the father is the unquestioned authority and women are confined to household duties. In her view, these groups are threatening to undermine the progress women have made by perpetuating outdated and restrictive family dynamics. She pointed out that many proponents of this restrictive vision are part of male-dominated fundamentalist religious movements, fiercely resisting changes that threaten their power. Wilson expressed concern over the actions of those who opposed the ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and those who campaigned against sex education and homosexuality. She argued that these anti-women movements are counterproductive to healthy family life, which, according to her, should be characterised by collaboration and equal participation among all members, rather than the domination of any one individual. Wilson also addressed the contradiction in the fundamentalists' opposition to homosexuality, arguing that LGBTQ+ individuals are inherently part of family structures and that their vilification creates unnecessary heartache within families. She warned that while some progress had been witnessed during the United Nations Decade for Women, the backlash against women's rights was becoming increasingly pronounced, responding to shifts in societal power dynamics. In conclusion, Wilson called for women to express their anger towards those who disguise their agendas under the guise of caring for women while actively working to undermine their rights. She emphasized the need for women’s empowerment and the importance of building an equitable family structure where all members contribute based on their strengths.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850701_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850701.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488980800
4080,01,07,1985,"Block Against Gays Dismissed (Press, 1 July 1985)","On 1 July 1985, a San Francisco judge intervened in a significant case regarding the entry of homosexuals into the United States. Federal District Judge Robert Aguilar issued a temporary restraining order against the United States Immigration and Naturalisation Service (I.N.S.), prohibiting them from blocking the entry of homosexual individuals from other countries unless they were provided with ""meaningful"" medical examinations. This ruling came just two days before San Francisco's annual Gay Liberation parade, a highly publicised event celebrating LGBTQ+ rights. The order was prompted by a recent incident involving Juan Jacobo Hernandez, a 43-year-old gay activist from Mexico City, who was detained by I.N.S. officials upon his arrival at San Francisco International Airport. Hernandez had declared his intention to participate in the upcoming parade, identifying himself as gay. During his detention, which lasted approximately 90 minutes, the I.N.S. confiscated his passport and scheduled a hearing to determine whether he would be allowed to remain in the United States. However, Judge Aguilar directed the I.N.S. to return Hernandez's passport, signalling a crucial development in the defence of LGBTQ+ rights within immigration policies. This decision underscored a growing recognition of the challenges faced by homosexuals in entering the country and provided a legal precedent against discriminatory practices based on sexual orientation. The ruling represented a broader movement towards inclusivity and civil rights for gay individuals during a period of rising awareness and activism surrounding LGBTQ+ issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850701_2_85_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850701.2.85.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488980800
5692,01,07,1985,"Younger Women Join Soroptimist (Press, 1 July 1985)","The annual conference of Soroptimist International New Zealand South took place in Christchurch over the weekend, focusing on youth as its central theme. Among the highlights was an all-girl debating team from Cashmere High School, which engaged in a lively discussion on the unconventional topic ""More People Should Bite Dogs."" Margaret Clark, the organiser of YETI (Youth Expeditions to India), presented details and slides about the expedition. During the conference, Mary Holmes was appointed as the new president for New Zealand South for the year 1985/86, succeeding Edna Seger from Ashburton. Eileen Mars, the publicity officer, shared the success of South Island Soroptimist clubs over the past year. The Christchurch club is committed to supporting an engineering hobby room at Burwood Hospital, while other clubs have also made significant contributions. The Nelson club raised $20,000 through the sale of handmade toys, the Invercargill club helped fund a dinghy for the ""Spirit of Adventure,"" and Christchurch clubs supported local initiatives like the Nga E Wha marae and a proposed youth centre. In a noteworthy international effort, all Soroptimist clubs across New Zealand contributed $20,000 to the Water For Women project in Senegal, facilitating the opening of three new wells. Although Soroptimist is a non-political organisation, three remits regarding Homosexual Law Reform, the proposed Goods and Services Tax's impact on service clubs, and the regulation of bicycles on footpaths were set to be voted on during the conference. Eileen Mars noted a shift in club membership, with younger members beginning to surface due to relaxed admission categories. The conference also highlighted the importance of women's participation in governance and community service. Ann Hercus, the Minister for Women's Affairs, announced the publication of a resource book titled “What Women Want of the Ministry,” aimed at fostering communication between the Ministry and women's groups. Moreover, a successful workshop run by the National Organisation of Women during the Women’s Decade Festival will continue on 10 July, led by Jenny Heal and Judy Waters. The Women’s Electoral Lobby’s Christchurch branch coordinators, Paddy Austin and Jenny Lee, recently attended the national conference in Hamilton and will share insights at an upcoming meeting. They expressed a desire to support the Women's Division of Federated Farmers in their campaign against pornography. In community initiatives, the Y.W.C.A. is offering kits to help establish Neighbourhood Support Groups, which contain valuable information based on Auckland's experiences. Christine Cole-Catley, a notable writer and publisher, is set to cover the Nairobi End-of-Decade Conference for the “N.Z. Listener” following her travels in Africa. Additionally, several courses are being offered for women, including baby massage, assertiveness training, discussions on peace and nuclear weapons, and women's health, aimed at empowering and educating participants in various aspects of life. Overall, the conference and related activities reflect a strong commitment to community service, women's empowerment, and international support efforts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850701_2_101_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850701.2.101.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,488980800
5694,02,07,1985,"Britain To Test For A.I.D.S. In 2m Donors (Press, 2 July 1985)","In a significant public health initiative, approximately two million blood donors in Britain will be subjected to testing for the A.I.D.S. virus starting in September 1985. This testing programme, reported by the “Guardian” newspaper, is projected to cost the transfusion services around £2 million, equivalent to about $5.5 million. The test being employed to detect A.I.D.S. antibodies was developed by Dr Richard Tedder from Middlesex Hospital and Professor Robin Weiss from the Institute of Cancer Research. It is important to note that the presence of antibodies does not imply that a donor is infectious or that they will inevitably develop A.I.D.S.; studies indicate that only about 10 per cent of individuals with antibodies actually go on to develop the disease. The Health Department has opted for a testing method produced by the British manufacturer Wellcome, believing it to be more accurate and user-friendly than available versions from the United States. Despite the anticipated benefits, there are considerable concerns regarding the accuracy of these tests, particularly the rate of false positives. Even with American tests boasting a 99 per cent accuracy rate, it is estimated that between 4,000 and 21,000 British donors could misdiagnose themselves as infected based on false positive results. For those who receive positive antibody outcomes after further verification, they will be advised about the risks of transmitting the infection through sexual intercourse, regardless of sexual orientation. This decision to implement testing follows alarming warnings from directors of haemophilia centres in the “British Medical Journal,” who indicated that individuals requiring extensive blood transfusions might face a risk of one in 20 of being infected with the A.I.D.S. virus. As of May 1985, the number of known A.I.D.S. patients in Britain had risen to 169, with fatalities reaching 78. This proactive measure represents a crucial step in addressing the growing public health crisis associated with A.I.D.S. in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850702_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850702.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489067200
5696,02,07,1985,"Call To A.I.D.S. Test All Couples About To Marry (Press, 2 July 1985)","On 2 July 1985, concerns were raised in Wellington over the implications of the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill in relation to the AIDS epidemic. Opponents of the legislation urged Dr. Bassett, the Minister of Health, to implement mandatory blood testing for couples intending to marry, portraying it as a measure to help contain the spread of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Barry Reed, the press officer for the anti-homosexual law reform campaign, argued that the potential health risks associated with AIDS needed to be more widely acknowledged in discussions surrounding the bill. Mr. Reed contended that compulsory blood testing would serve as a safeguard to prevent the potential transmission of the AIDS virus, particularly to children. He highlighted that individuals may unknowingly carry the virus due to previous sexual encounters, thereby posing a risk of infection to offspring. Furthermore, the campaign also proposed that individuals diagnosed with AIDS should be isolated in hospitals, insisting that this step was necessary for public health. Reed stated that the current practice of allowing diagnosed individuals to return to the community raised serious concerns about public safety. In response to these calls, the Gay Taskforce condemned the advocacy for isolation, labelling it as rooted in ignorance and bias against the LGBTQ+ community. Bill Logan, a spokesperson for the Taskforce, emphasised that a significant proportion of individuals exposed to the virus remain healthy for several years and that the focus should be directed towards education about the disease, rather than unnecessary hospitalisation. Logan argued that the suggestion of isolating individuals with AIDS not only displayed a misunderstanding of the disease but also represented a risk of misallocating healthcare resources that could be better utilised for preventative education efforts. The discourse around AIDS and the law reform was indicative of broader societal tensions during that period, as discussions surrounding sexuality, health, and public policy continued to evolve. The Ministry of Health indicated that Dr. Bassett had received the telegram and would address the campaign’s demands in a timely manner, further highlighting the ongoing debate over health policy in the context of the AIDS crisis and the rights of the homosexual community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850702_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850702.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489067200
5695,02,07,1985,"Storm Over Delay In Screening Sex Series (Press, 2 July 1985)","On 2 July 1985, concern regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill has seemingly influenced Television New Zealand (TVNZ) to postpone the airing of a documentary series focused on sexuality. Although TVNZ officially denies that this is the case, the “Evening Post” reported that discussions about the bill contributed to the delay. The series, titled “Expressions of Sexuality,” produced by Allison Webber, was initially scheduled to air in August but has now been pushed back, with TVNZ stating it will not be shown until summer at the earliest. Rod Cornelius, TVNZ's controller of programme planning and development, claimed the postponement was not linked to the ongoing debate about the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, but rather due to the frank and explicit content of the series which made scheduling complicated. He remarked that the series was surprisingly bold and suggested that it was “three years ahead of its time” in its candid discussion on sexual matters. Additionally, Paul Bradwell from Reed Methuen Publishers indicated that he had been informed by a television executive that the delay was indeed associated with the forthcoming parliamentary vote on the bill. As a co-publisher of a book that complements the series, Bradwell expressed frustration over the lack of coordination between TVNZ and Reed Methuen, noting that they had prepared 5,000 copies of the book, valued at approximately $100,000, ready for sale. Marian Harkness, the publications executive for BCNZ Enterprises, clarified that the scheduling dates provided to Reed Methuen had been tentative and mentioned that one programme required further editing. Moreover, she acknowledged TVNZ's awareness of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and suggested that the decision to delay the series was made to avoid complications until a resolution on the bill was reached. Allison Webber herself expressed her annoyance and disappointment at TVNZ's handling of the situation, describing their approach as “gutless.” She stated that she had not received any formal explanations regarding the postponement but maintained that the current climate of debate surrounding the homosexual law reform was an ideal moment for the series to air. Webber asserted that the programme represented an intelligent and honest exploration of sexuality, free from prejudice and commercial influences, making it a timely contribution to the ongoing discussions in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850702_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850702.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489067200
5693,02,07,1985,"Yes To Gay Bill, No To Tour (Press, 2 July 1985)","On 2 July 1985, the Women’s Electoral Lobby (W.E.L.) held its tenth national conference in Hamilton, where it expressed firm support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and opposed the All Blacks’ tour of South Africa. The conference attracted around 70 delegates who unanimously endorsed both positions. Dorothy Wilson, the national co-ordinator from Auckland, highlighted that W.E.L. has advocated for homosexual law reform since 1976, framing the issue as a matter of human rights and individual sexual identity. Additionally, Wilson stated that the lobby’s opposition to the All Blacks’ tour was also rooted in human rights concerns, arguing that supporting the tour would only reinforce white supremacy in South Africa. The conference resulted in several other resolutions, including a call to address the growing pornography industry. W.E.L. sought amendments to the Human Rights Act 1977 to safeguard women from defamation linked to pornography. Delegates also recognised the importance of the Ministry of Women’s Affairs and expressed their intention to promote self-defence courses for girls in schools, alongside efforts to legislate against sexual harassment. The organisation urged the government to enact a law banning nuclear weapons from entering New Zealand. One prominent delegate, Jenny Simpson, a councillor and farmer from Inglewood, was set to represent New Zealand at the United Nations End of Decade conference for women in Nairobi from 15 July to 2 August. She intended to address issues concerning rural women and violence against women, drawing from her extensive background in women's affairs, including her former role as the national president of the Young Farmers’ Club and her participation in establishing the Ministry of Women’s Affairs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850702_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850702.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489067200
5697,03,07,1985,"Aust., U.S. Funds For Anti-gays? (Press, 3 July 1985)","On 3 July 1985, the Gay Task Force in New Zealand expressed concerns regarding potential foreign funding for the anti-homosexual campaign opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Spokesman Bill Logan conveyed that while the organisation lacked direct evidence, they harboured strong suspicions that right-wing groups from Australia and the United States might be providing financial support to local opponents of the bill. This statement was made at a press conference marking the departure of Gay Task Force member Alison Laurie, who was set to attend the International Gay Conference in Toronto. Logan highlighted that anti-homosexual campaigners had seemingly received substantial resources, including materials and possibly financial backing, from ultraconservative and fundamentalist organisations based abroad. Laurie’s mission included informing international attendees about the situation in New Zealand and gathering insights on the funding sources for anti-gay campaigns globally. To support Laurie’s participation, the Gay Task Force allocated $3,000 for her trip, which would also include visits to similar organisations in Europe. Logan reported a notable shift in public sentiment in favour of homosexual law reform, revealing that support for the reform the Gay Task Force advocates had tripled since the launch of their campaign. He expressed confidence that Parliament is expected to take action regarding the existing laws relating to homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850703_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850703.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489153600
5698,03,07,1985,"Homosexual Bill Polls At Loggerheads (Press, 3 July 1985)","The Leader of the Opposition in New Zealand, Mr McLay, has stated his intention to vote against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill despite the results of a recent poll indicating that a majority of his constituents in Birkenhead support homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. This poll, conducted by the Heylen Research Centre for the Campaign for Equality, surveyed 500 people and found that 47.8 per cent supported such acts, while 43 per cent were opposed. The poll also explored views on the age of consent: 20 per cent believed it should be 16 years or younger, 25.8 per cent suggested it should be between 17 and 20 years, while 10 per cent thought it should be 21 or older. Additionally, 38.3 per cent of respondents felt that homosexuality should not be allowed at any age, and 4.6 per cent were uncertain about their stance. Overall, 56 per cent of those polled indicated some level of support for homosexuality at various ages. In a previous nationwide poll conducted in April 1985, support was reported at 57.1 per cent. Mr McLay's own survey, conducted earlier in April, presented contrasting findings, with more than 60 per cent of the 1,995 respondents in his constituency opposing the law reform. This discrepancy has led to disputes between the two camps, each asserting their data accurately reflects public sentiment. A spokesperson for the Campaign for Equality, Mr Peter Wall, described Mr McLay's survey as inaccurate and unprofessional, while Mr McLay defended his poll, claiming it was carefully executed with professional consultation and involved random selection from the Birkenhead electoral roll. The controversy highlights the differing opinions regarding homosexual law reform within the electorate, as well as broader debates on the social and legal status of homosexuality in New Zealand during this period. Despite the poll findings, Mr McLay's commitment to oppose the bill suggests a potential disconnect between political leadership and constituent beliefs on this sensitive issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850703_2_159.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850703.2.159,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489153600
6721,03,07,1985,"Marital Discord Main Cause Of Child Abuse (Press, 3 July 1985)","Marital conflict is identified as the leading cause of child abuse, according to findings from the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. Many children become innocent victims amidst the strife of their parents, often unaware of the damaging effects of their quarrels. Between 1977 and 1983, marital discord was present in 57 per cent of recorded child cruelty cases noted by the Society. Dr Alan Gilmour, the Society’s director, highlighted that issues within marriages are at the root of numerous child abuse incidents, indicating that children bear the brunt of parental disputes and separation. The Society shared several distressing cases to illustrate the impact of marital issues on children. One case involved four-year-old Robert, who witnessed severe domestic violence against his mother, endured the instability of his father’s repeated departures, and observed his mother involved in a tumultuous relationship with a neighbour. As a result, Robert displayed violent behavior towards others and destructive tendencies. Another case involved six-year-old Karen, who developed a stammer and bedwetting issues after being imprinted as a messenger between her feuding parents. Additionally, a three-year-old boy was found alone in a freezing room, leading a life of neglect alongside his two brothers, who suffered poor hygiene and health issues. Dr Gilmour expressed the viewpoint that legal proceedings can exacerbate a child's suffering, advocating for a streamlined single-court system dedicated to addressing child care and family matters. He urged the British Government for prompt action in the form of legislation following their expected report on the proposed family court system. The Society continues to press for reforms aimed at alleviating the adverse effects of marital conflict on children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850703_2_74_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850703.2.74.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489153600
5699,04,07,1985,"Director-general Seeks To Allay A.I.D.S. Fear (Press, 4 July 1985)","On 4 July 1985, Dr Ron Barker, the Director-General of Health, held a press conference in Wellington to address public concerns regarding the transmission of A.I.D.S., following reports of a primary school child testing positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies. The child, a haemophiliac, was believed to have received contaminated blood products from Australia the previous year. At the press conference, which also featured Dr John Clements, the assistant director of disease control, and Dr Keith Ridings, the chairman of the blood transfusion advisory committee, Dr Barker sought to alleviate fears that other children could contract the virus from the boy. Dr Barker clarified that the primary method of A.I.D.S. transmission was through sexual intercourse, either heterosexual or homosexual. He praised the New Zealand Educational Institute for its responsible approach in allowing the child to continue attending school, emphasizing the importance of protecting the child's confidentiality. While acknowledging the presence of antibodies indicated contact with the A.I.D.S. virus, he stressed that this did not mean the child had developed full-blown A.I.D.S. or was considered a notifiable case. The risk of developing the disease varied, and the incubation period could extend up to five years. Following the contamination scare, Dr Barker assured the public that the risk for individuals receiving blood products had been significantly reduced due to newly implemented precautions. He advised that maintaining a single sexual partner would alleviate the risk of acquiring A.I.D.S., and for those who could not do so, he recommended the use of condoms to help reduce both A.I.D.S. and other sexually transmitted infections. Dr Barker urged the public to understand the dangers without fear-mongering, stating that while homosexuals engaging with multiple partners should indeed be concerned, the average person had no reason for undue fear. He also confirmed that the Health Department had made a submission concerning the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, although he did not disclose its position on the issue. Speculation arose that the department may have advocated for legalisation as a measure to combat A.I.D.S. Dr Clements contributed additional information, noting that the A.I.D.S. virus likely originated from the animal population in Africa, potentially linked to the African Green Monkey. The press conference aimed to educate the public on A.I.D.S. while alleviating unwarranted panic in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850704_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850704.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489240000
5700,04,07,1985,"Parents Need Assistance With Sex Education —... (Press, 4 July 1985)","A survey conducted in the Fendalton electorate has revealed that a majority of respondents believe parents should be the primary source of information regarding sexuality and human relationships. The survey was initiated by local MP Phillip Burdon and included 2000 questionnaires, which also addressed public opinion on the legalisation of homosexuality. The results indicated that 52 per cent of participants opposed the legalisation, while 46 per cent supported it, with the remainder undecided. On the topic of education, 53 per cent of respondents expressed full support for a school-based programme on human relationships, while 46 per cent were supportive with reservations, and only 10 per cent opposed it outright. Among those with reservations, a significant number had specific concerns: 60 per cent wanted a specially trained individual with strong moral and personal standards to lead the programme, and 58 per cent preferred parental involvement or at least notification regarding the content. Additionally, 28 respondents were against the inclusion of liberal ideas, citing concerns about some classroom teachers' low ethical standards, while a further 20 respondents suspected that classroom teachers lacked the appropriate moral framework. Other notable concerns included the necessity for programmes to be age-appropriate (14 votes), worries about the potential promotion of deviant behaviours (8 votes), and a handful of parents (5 votes) considering withdrawing their children to private Christian schools if they deemed the educational content unsuitable. Others emphasised that educational material must be factual and unbiased (4 votes) and that the role of any programme should not overshadow that of parents (3 votes). When asked to identify the sources of information their children currently accessed regarding sexuality and human relationships, parents ranked highest, followed by family members, schools, friends, and the media in descending order of importance. The survey also indicated a consensus that while parents should take the lead in this education, schools should be the secondary source, followed by family members, media, friends, and finally newspapers and magazines. Despite the emphasis on parental responsibility, there was a clear indication that many parents feel the need for additional support in educating their children about human relationships. Specifically, respondents indicated they required factual information (218 votes), help with communication (137 votes), and a structured school-based programme (168 votes) to better assist them in this significant aspect of parenting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850704_2_104_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850704.2.104.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489240000
5701,05,07,1985,"“Kitset’ Stall (Press, 5 July 1985)","On 5 July 1985, the Lesbian and Gay Rights Action Group in Christchurch set up a ""kitset"" stall in Cathedral Square to promote the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The stall was available for use by any interested groups wishing to support the bill, according to the group's spokeswoman, Ms Anne Barnes. The event was scheduled to run from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850705_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850705.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489326400
5702,06,07,1985,"Bill ‘essential’ To Curb A.I.D.S. (Press, 6 July 1985)","Dr. Paul Goldwater, an Auckland virologist, has announced that the passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is crucial for the fight against A.I.D.S., stating that any modifications to the bill would hinder efforts to contain the disease. He emphasised that cooperation from individuals affected by A.I.D.S. is vital, but under the current legal framework, such cooperation is unlikely to happen. He warned that the treatment of these individuals as criminals would lead to further criminal behaviour. During a press conference held by the A.I.D.S. Support Network, Mr. Tony Hughes, a researcher with the network, highlighted that opponents of the bill had been misrepresenting A.I.D.S. as a homosexual issue, which has caused misinformation in the public sphere. He expressed concerns that public understanding of the disease appears to have worsened over the past year, with many claims being unfounded. The network, which is chaired by Ms. Kate Leslie, plans to initiate a $340,000 national publicity campaign aimed at spreading awareness about A.I.D.S. The campaign will involve sending a leaflet containing information about the disease to every household, along with a coupon for individuals to request further information. Leslie stated that public concern typically revolves around personal risks and the transmission of the virus, stressing the need for people to be informed about potential exposure and preventive measures. Dr. Goldwater warned that if the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is not passed, it could exacerbate criminal behaviour and lead to more individuals, particularly homosexuals, hiding their relationships. This would complicate the ability of bisexual men and others to seek help and prevent the spread of the disease. The campaign is expected to target all sexually promiscuous individuals, not just homosexuals, underscoring that everyone is at risk of A.I.D.S. Ms. Leslie pointed out that lifestyle changes and increased awareness of sexual practices are necessary for combating the disease effectively, which the network aims to facilitate by reducing anxiety around these changes. Financing for the initial $60,000 stage of the campaign will come from a $100,000 grant provided by the Government earlier in 1985. The campaign will begin in approximately two weeks, with advertising in newspapers and on radio, and the network is set to approach the Health Department to fund the television advertisements and leaflet distribution from an allocated $2.9 million for initiatives related to blood safety, counselling, and disease awareness. Leslie noted the Health Department's supportive attitude and expressed hope that this cooperation will lead to financial backing for the campaign, which she views as critical for raising serious public concern about A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850706_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850706.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489412800
5705,08,07,1985,"A.I.D.S. Fears (Press, 8 July 1985)","In a letter published on 8 July 1985, Varian J. Wilson criticises the Director-General of Health for merely attempting to alleviate fears surrounding AIDS rather than taking decisive action to combat the disease. He expresses concern for individuals who have tested positive for antibodies, asserting that they are essentially ""doomed"" and raises alarm over the potential spread of the illness, particularly among the homosexual community. Wilson references a recent incident involving a transvestite who was arrested and subsequently revealed to be undergoing treatment for AIDS. He questions the legitimacy of the individual's claim, suggesting it was a tactic to avoid incarceration. Furthermore, he highlights the issue of police and hospital authorities potentially releasing someone they believed to be dangerous, akin to a ""rabid dog,"" back into the community. Wilson accuses the media of failing to report the full truth regarding the situation and emphasizes the urgent need for more vigilant measures to halt the spread of AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850708_2_105_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850708.2.105.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489585600
5703,08,07,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 8 July 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 8 July 1985, Shaun Jones from Wellington critiques the arguments posed by opponents of homosexual law reform regarding AIDS. He points out that these opponents previously blamed homosexuals for the spread of the disease, suggesting that prohibiting homosexuality would eliminate the issue. However, Jones notes a shift in their stance, as they now advocate for mandatory blood testing for anyone about to marry, indicating a growing awareness that the issue of AIDS is more complex than they initially claimed. He argues that rather than focusing on potential carriers of the disease, the law reform advocates are being unjustly criticised for not addressing the broader implications of AIDS, especially when the opponents have dismissed educational campaigns aimed at prevention. Jones perceives this approach as a misguided expression of concern, highlighting the contradictions in the opponents' views and their failure to acknowledge effective prevention and education strategies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850708_2_105_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850708.2.105.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489585600
5704,08,07,1985,"Rangiora Poll On Reform Bill (Press, 8 July 1985)","In response to a recent poll conducted by Mr Jim Gerard, Member of Parliament for Rangiora, which indicated that 81 per cent of respondents opposed homosexual law reform, Virginia and Harry Pawsey from Hawarden expressed their concerns regarding the reliability of the poll. Their letter, published on 8 July 1985, highlighted the need for transparency regarding the poll's response rate, which Mr Gerard did not disclose in his initial report. The Pawseys suggested that it would be beneficial for the electorate to see the questionnaire used in the survey as well. In his reply, Mr Gerard acknowledged the Pawseys' concerns and indicated that they had arranged a meeting to discuss the matter further. He conceded that while polls can be unreliable indicators of public opinion, the 40 per cent response rate for his poll was relatively higher than typical for this type of survey, which generally sees a response rate between 10 and 20 per cent. He estimated that this response rate would mean the poll's accuracy was within a margin of about 6 per cent. This meant that despite the high percentage of opposition reported, there was still a significant level of uncertainty. Mr Gerard also provided a copy of the questionnaire used for the poll. The questionnaire sought basic demographic information, such as the respondent's sex and age group, with options for ages ranging from 18-30, 31-40, 41-50, and 51 plus. Additionally, it asked questions regarding support for a specific bill related to homosexual law reform, offering simple response options of ""no,"" ""don't know,"" and inquiries around what the appropriate age of consent should be: 16, 18, 20, or ""don't know."" Overall, this exchange highlights the ongoing discussions and differing viewpoints regarding homosexual law reform within the Rangiora electorate at the time, as well as the importance of questioning the methodologies behind political surveys in shaping public policy discussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850708_2_105_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850708.2.105.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489585600
7374,09,07,1985,"Father Donnelly’s Views (Press, 9 July 1985)","In a recent exchange of letters published in response to an interview with Father Felix Donnelly, two individuals have expressed their thoughts on the state of the Catholic Church and the role of women within it. Frances Hancock, a young Catholic woman committed to celibacy and community, voiced her support for Father R. J. Schmack's open letter to Father Donnelly. She conveyed her positive experience participating in her local parish and expressed hope for constructive changes concerning the recognition of women's positions in the Church. Hancock criticized Father Donnelly for being disconnected from the realities of the local parish in 1985 and the evolving theological landscape within the Church. In another letter, Jill Wilcox shared her appreciation for Father Donnelly's compassion and love, which she noted as invaluable traits for anyone in a position of religious authority. She acknowledged her own struggles with the institutional church and remarked on its daunting impact on congregants. However, Wilcox emphasised her belief in the possibility of change and the importance of embracing diverse types of priests, hoping that more individuals with Father Donnelly's courage and compassion would emerge within the Church. Together, these letters reflect a desire for a more inclusive Church that values women's contributions and fosters an environment of hope and compassion amid ongoing institutional challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850709_2_64_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850709.2.64.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489672000
5707,09,07,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 9 July 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 9 July 1985, Max Abbott, the conference co-ordinator and director of the Mental Health Foundation, addressed concerns raised by Professor Philip Ney regarding a statement about the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The statement indicated that the bill was unanimously approved by participants at a recent conference, generating some controversy. Abbott clarified that the ""unanimity"" only referenced those present at the closing plenary session, where the remit supporting the bill was discussed. He noted that Professor Ney did not attend this session or the plenary, and mentioned that approximately 30 out of the 250 conference attendees were absent from the closing session. Abbott pointed out that Ney’s opposition to the bill diverged from the stance of the New Zealand branch of the Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, as well as the views of the other Mental Health Foundation board members. Additionally, in a separate letter, Mark D. Sadler responded to a letter by E. R. L. Wilson, acknowledging an error in the interpretation of a table from Kinsey's research on sexual orientation. Sadler highlighted that the statistics in Table 141 showed a decrease in the percentage of males identified as exclusively homosexual from 13 per cent at age 13 to 5 per cent at age 20. He argued that these figures suggest that sexual orientation is not entirely predetermined before the teen years. To illustrate his point, he referenced English literature, specifically mentioning a character from Nigel Balchin’s novel “Seen Dimly Before Dawn,” who experiences a homosexual infatuation before later developing an interest in girls. Sadler proposed that had the character engaged physically with his male infatuation, he may have been less likely to pursue romantic interests with females afterwards.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850709_2_64_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850709.2.64.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489672000
5706,09,07,1985,"More Support Gay Law Reform, Says Poll (Press, 9 July 1985)","Support for homosexual law reform in New Zealand has increased, according to a poll conducted by the Heylen Research Centre and released on 9 July 1985. The poll surveyed a random sample of individuals aged over 15 from both urban areas and small towns. Findings indicated that 54.3 per cent of respondents believed that the law should permit homosexual acts between consenting adults in private. This figure marks a 3.6 per cent rise from a similar poll conducted in April. The poll also explored public sentiment regarding the legalisation of homosexual acts based on age. When asked if there should be any specific age at which such acts should be legal, support for reform jumped to 61 per cent, reflecting a significant increase of 14 per cent since April. Notably, the most substantial rise in support was found among individuals aged 55 and older, particularly men in this age group, with approval ratings increasing from 34 per cent to 49 per cent. Additionally, the poll revealed heightened support for reform among residents of smaller towns, including Huntly, Matamata, towns in the Kapiti borough near Wellington, and Rangiora. Ms Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central, interpreted the results as evidence that the public are not being swayed by a vocal minority opposed to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. She pointed out that despite a significant and well-funded opposition campaign based on fear and misunderstanding, there is a growing trend towards rational analysis of the issue among the public. Wilde noted that there were no demographic groups—whether by geography or age—with a majority in opposition to the bill, emphasising that support is increasing among traditionally conservative groups. In response, Joe Simmons from the Coalition of Concerned Christians acknowledged the increase in support for reform but insisted the opposition remains vigorous and that the battle was far from over. He rejected the notion that opposition was simply rooted in fear or misinformation, instead claiming the proponents of reform were the ones misled. Simmons expressed concern over the implications of decriminalising homosexual acts, referencing the spread of AIDS in San Francisco as evidence that reform could exacerbate health issues. Simmons also highlighted the political implications of the debate, asserting that the voting on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would ultimately rest with politicians rather than the general public who participated in the poll. He cited that about 750,000 New Zealanders had signed a petition against the reform, disputing that some signatories were very young, which Wilde had mentioned as an argument against the petition's legitimacy. He ended with a challenge for Wilde to disclose the identities of individuals sending her disrespectful letters, indicating a continuing conflict between supporters and opponents of the reform in the lead up to the potential legislative changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850709_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850709.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489672000
5708,09,07,1985,"Mr Marshall Under Attack On Sex Lessons Issue (Press, 9 July 1985)","On 9 July 1985, former Minister of Education Mr Merv Wellington expressed strong opposition to the introduction of sex education at the intermediate school level, arguing that the current Minister, Mr Marshall, lacked a mandate for such changes. Wellington made these remarks during a public meeting aimed at rallying resistance against the proposed changes to the health education syllabus and the Education Amendment Bill, which would allow Form 1 and 2 students to learn about pubertal changes and effectively end a 40-year ban on sex education in New Zealand's primary schools. Wellington pointed to a 1979 analysis of public submissions which indicated that the majority of respondents opposed sex education for intermediate pupils. He noted that the Cabinet had only taken five minutes in 1980 to decide against introducing sex education after reviewing an independent consultant's report summarising public opinions. This sentiment was echoed by various pro-family and pro-life groups, such as the Concerned Parents Association and Protect The Family, who organised the meeting amid heated discussions from an audience of over 200 people. During his address, Wellington emphasised the importance of education being a collaboration between home, school, church, and community. He warned that parental perspectives were at risk of being overlooked in public discourse regarding educational resources and curricula. He lamented that traditional values distinguishing right from wrong had been under siege in education since the early 1970s, attributing this to what he referred to as “social engineering” and a struggle for control over the education system. Wellington cautioned that such control could influence the thoughts, attitudes, and values of over three-quarters of a million young New Zealanders. He called on parents and community members to actively oppose the implementation of sex education, urging them to prevent what he deemed experimentation on their children by social engineers. Wellington recalled that voluntary sex education classes had been organised by schools for parents and students outside school hours and argued that such approaches should persist while schools focused on teaching fundamental academic subjects. Additionally, Wellington voiced his criticism of the introduction of trade union education and peace studies, characterising them as biased methods aimed at indoctrinating students. He cited a newspaper editorial that described resources for trade union education as presenting a one-sided view portraying employers as ""rapacious."" Furthermore, he labelled peace studies as a mere front for propagating left-wing ideologies, asserting that classrooms should not become platforms for political propaganda.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850709_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850709.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489672000
5711,10,07,1985,"A.I.D.S. ‘not Gay Disease’ (Press, 10 July 1985)","On 10 July 1985, concerns were raised within the homosexual community regarding the potential for increased public hysteria following the confirmation that a child, who was a haemophiliac, had been exposed to the A.I.D.S. virus. Mr Bill Logan, a representative from the Gay Task Force, expressed fears that the public reaction might be driven more by misinformation than by accurate details about the disease. He stressed that education was essential for everyone, pointing out that A.I.D.S. is not exclusive to the gay community and that all individuals could be at risk. Mr Logan criticised the Government for not taking sufficient action in terms of public health education, arguing that a proactive approach could ultimately save significant financial resources in the long run. He suggested that an immediate investment of approximately $250,000 in a multi-media advertising campaign could prevent future costs of around $25 million associated with treating A.I.D.S. patients. Evidence was emerging that campaigns initiated within the homosexual community to promote safer sex practices were yielding positive results. A survey conducted at a homosexual dance event in Wellington indicated that the majority of participants were following safe sex guidelines and had increased their use of condoms. This demonstrated a heightened awareness and responsibility regarding casual sexual encounters among the community. In related remarks, Mr Tony Goodwin, secretary of the Haemophilia Society, pointedly noted that it was unrealistic to believe there was only one child in New Zealand exposed to the A.I.D.S. virus. He referenced international estimates suggesting that a significant percentage, possibly as high as 80 per cent, of haemophiliacs could eventually test positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies. According to a survey by the Health Department from November of the previous year, 14 individuals who were identified as high-risk—comprising both homosexuals and haemophiliacs—had tested positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies, although none had progressed to full-blown A.I.D.S. at that time. It was noted that while there have been 10 reported cases of notifiable A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, all these cases were contracted overseas.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850710_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850710.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489758400
5709,10,07,1985,"Artist Fined Over Tv Bomb Hoax (Press, 10 July 1985)","During Telethon weekend in 1985, a bomb scare in Auckland led to a significant emergency response, as reported in the District Court. Duncan Sheamus Evan Lucas, a 24-year-old graphic artist from Grey Lynn, caused alarm when he informed a security guard that he was planting a bomb in protest against various social issues, including apartheid, drunken Australians, incidents involving rugby players, and proposed homosexual law reform. Judge McLean presided over the case, during which it was revealed that Lucas had been found in a dark stairwell of the Hobson Street Television New Zealand studio, holding a bag and carrying his shoes over his shoulder. At 12.5 a.m. on June 30, the security guard approached Lucas after noticing his suspicious behaviour. Lucas claimed his bag contained a bomb intended for the petrol storage tanks but assured the guard that no one would be harmed. Upon inspection, the security guard discovered two packages in the bag that appeared to be explosive devices, one of which emitted a ticking sound. The police were called to the scene, and Lucas did not immediately confirm whether the bomb was a hoax. As the situation developed, an explosives expert was summoned, and surrounding streets were cleared for safety. Ultimately, it was determined that the device was indeed a hoax. In court, Lucas pleaded guilty and was fined $250 plus $35 in costs. Senior-Sergeant D.W. Somerville revealed that Lucas's intention was to highlight social issues that he felt were being ignored by authorities, emphasising his desire for people's voices to be acknowledged.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850710_2_36_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850710.2.36.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489758400
5710,10,07,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 10 July 1985)","On 9 July 1985, Parliament resumed its session in Wellington, where the Speaker, Dr Wall, announced several messages from Governor-General Sir David Beattie during the afternoon meeting. Among the key developments was the royal assent granted to the Social Security Amendment Act, the College House Act, and the Stockman-Howe Marriage Act. Dr Wall also noted that appropriations for the Statistics Amendment Bill, the Copyright Amendment Bill, and the Transport Amendment Bill (No. 4) had been recommended by Sir David. Additionally, Dr Wall granted leave to several members, including Prime Minister David Lange, who had been absent the previous week due to a holiday in Australia. This prompted an order raised by Opposition member A. P. D. Friedlander regarding the Prime Minister's leave. During the session, petitions against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were presented by Mrs Katherine O'Regan on behalf of Milo Candy and others from Otorohanga, as well as John Parr and Maurice Pryor, underscoring local opposition to the proposed legislation. Further significant contributions came from the Minister of Transport, Mr Prebble, who tabled Air New Zealand's annual report. Mr Marshall, the Minister for the Environment, also presented the report from the Commission for the Environment. In total, 21 notices of motion were presented, and ministers responded to 20 questions raised by the members. A notable report was made by Mr F. M. Gerbic, chairman of the Labour and Education Committee, which addressed a petition from Maureen Bamford of the New Zealand School Committees’ Federation and over 4000 supporting signatures. The petition advocated for improved access to reading recovery programmes for all six-year-olds with reading disabilities, which was referred to the Government for consideration. Mr Gerbic also reported on a petition led by Jessica Wilson, president of the New Zealand University Students’ Association. This petition, supported by 2851 signatures, called for the immediate abolition of the $1500 fee for private overseas students and urged the Government not to implement the previous administration's ""cost recovery"" fees proposal. This petition was likewise referred for the Government's favourable consideration. The Education Amendment Bill was brought back for discussion, where members voted overwhelmingly, 58-10, in favour of it, setting the stage for a second reading. The House adjourned for dinner at 5.26 p.m., with debate on the Appropriation Bill (No. 2) scheduled to resume later. The evening session reconvened at 7.30 p.m. but was interrupted as Parliament adjourned for the day at 10.29 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850710_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850710.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489758400
5712,10,07,1985,"Van Gogh’s Brain Disturbed — Doctor (Press, 10 July 1985)","According to a report published on 10 July 1985, research from Dr Shahram Khoshbin at Harvard Medical School suggests that Vincent van Gogh's erratic behaviour and prolific output of paintings may have stemmed from a brain abnormality, specifically a disturbance in the temporal lobe. This area of the brain is involved in functions such as memory and hearing, and Dr Khoshbin believes that van Gogh’s symptoms, which included aggression and compulsive painting, could be linked to a recently identified condition known as interictal personality disorder associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. Vincent van Gogh, a Dutch Impressionist artist, is infamous not only for his striking artwork but also for his tumultuous life, which included mental health struggles leading to his suicide in 1890. He is known to have painted intensively during the last years of his life, sometimes completing two masterpieces in a single day. Dr Khoshbin pointed out that van Gogh was an epileptic and that even though a significant proportion of epileptics have temporal lobe epilepsy, only a small fraction exhibit the associated personality disorder. The condition of interictal personality disorder encompasses several distinct traits: hypergraphia—excessive writing or artistic creation; hyper-religiosity—intense, often disproportionate religious fervour; intermittent aggressiveness; shifts in sexual behaviour; and viscosity, reflecting difficulty in concluding conversations or arguments. Van Gogh’s most productive period occurred between 1888 and 1889 while he was in Arles, France, during which he created around 200 oil paintings, over 100 drawings, and wrote numerous letters. Among his notable works from this time are the iconic sunflowers, fishing boats, and rural scenes. Dr Khoshbin emphasised the compulsive nature of van Gogh’s art production, describing it as a clear case of hypergraphia, illustrated by the sheer speed at which he was able to complete his paintings. Moreover, late in his life, van Gogh exhibited profound religious convictions, which led to a series of religious-themed artworks. The infamous incident of him cutting off his ear was interpreted by Dr Khoshbin as a manifestation of both his intense religious experiences and bouts of aggression, with van Gogh reportedly claiming that divine instruction led to his act of self-mutilation. Additionally, van Gogh's sexual orientation underwent noticeable changes, which were exemplified by his homosexual relationship with fellow artist Paul Gauguin, alongside his well-documented personal conflicts with him. Through this lens, Dr Khoshbin's insights provide a deeper understanding of how van Gogh's neurological condition may have influenced his life and art, framing the artist's struggles within the context of contemporary understandings of brain disorders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850710_2_133_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850710.2.133.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489758400
5714,11,07,1985,"‘From The Lawn’ (Press, 11 July 1985)","A performance titled “Songs and Stories from the Front Lawn,” featuring singer Don McGlashan and actor Harry Sinclair, took place at the State Trinity Theatre from July 10 to July 13, 1985. The show, which started at 8 p.m. and ran until 9.35 p.m., was reviewed by Nevin Topp. McGlashan, known for his previous work with the rock group Blam Blam Blam, and Sinclair brought a unique theatrical experience from Auckland that highlighted the disconnection many individuals feel from their roots, particularly due to urban living in town houses and flats that lack traditional lawns. The duo utilised a portastudio as they performed a mix of songs and skits that explored various aspects of the New Zealand experience. One song, “Hammer Song,” celebrated the Kiwi DIY culture and creatively integrated an urban equivalent of a Māori stick game. Other notable performances included “Wash My Hands,” which reflected on a common daily ritual, and “Mediaclumps,” a thought-provoking skit examining the effects of television on personal connection. The pair deepened their exploration of New Zealand's identity with the earthy song “Mud,” and touched on romance with “This Is A Love Song,” which is distinct from the similar-sounding track by Public Image, Ltd. The overall production offered fresh perspectives, drawing comparisons to the Talking Heads album “More Songs About Buildings and Food.” However, not all songs resonated with the audience, particularly those that tackled social issues like “The Petition,” which addressed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, and “We Will Close The Window of Vulnerability,” which focused on nuclear war. Despite some unevenness, the combination of music, skits, and creative sound effects contributed to an engaging experience. Topp noted that the most captivating moments were those that resonated with quintessential elements of New Zealand culture, such as the humorous spotlight on cheese in “The Names of Things,” a response to the ongoing advertisements about a local cheese product. Overall, the performance stood out for its inventive approach to storytelling through a blend of song and theatricality, as it engaged with themes relevant to the New Zealand experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850711_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850711.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489844800
5713,11,07,1985,"""Tramway Road’ (Press, 11 July 1985)","The Court Theatre in Christchurch is presenting ""Tramway Road,"" a play by Ronald Harwood, directed by Elizabeth Moody, from July 10 to July 27, 1985. Reviewed by Gerrit Bahlman, the play explores themes of moral vacillation and the complicity of seemingly decent individuals in the face of systemic injustice. Set in a small library in Seapoint, Cape Town, the narrative revolves around Arthur Langley and his wife, Dora, who have taken on a young pupil named Emil Visser. Emil, who aspires to escape his circumstances through education and a scholarship to England, faces the harsh reality of reclassification based on the dubious claims of someone alleging to be his father. This situation forces the Langleys to confront their own fears and the implications of the oppressive social laws around them. The characters are portrayed with depth; Arthur Langley, a former public school teacher, is caught up in his own nostalgia for England, while Dora craves cultural enrichment, such as opera. Their individual desires create a backdrop of longing that contrasts sharply with Emil's plight. Emil's character, depicted by Judd Milner with a sense of sorrow and an authentic South African accent, embodies the despair of many under a racially oppressive system. Bahlman notes that the couple's responses to Emil's situation reflect a disturbing moral compromise, highlighting how personal fears can overshadow a recognition of injustice. The Langleys, who have relocated to avoid their pasts involving scandal and alcoholism, find themselves retreating into moral escapism, further illustrating how they bury their sensibilities. The performances are described as complex and engaging. Bill Le Marquand's portrayal of Arthur refers to a tragic self-awareness, while Judie Douglass excels as Dora, displaying her character's frustration and insecurity. The production is augmented by the strong colonial aesthetic in the set design by Murree Hutchinson and the costumes by Helen Morrish, which enhance the cultural context of the story. Bahlman draws parallels between ""Tramway Road"" and the React Theatre's ""A Lesson from Aloes,"" both of which delve into the dynamics of isolation faced by couples under the weight of societal injustices. Ultimately, the play serves as a poignant commentary on the pervasive wrongs of institutional racism, revealing the uncomfortable truths that underpin the lives of those who benefit from such systems while simultaneously remaining blind to their repercussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850711_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850711.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489844800
5715,11,07,1985,"Representation Of Students (Press, 11 July 1985)","On 8 July 1985, Chris Elliott expressed concerns regarding the Canterbury Students' Union and its representation of student attitudes on significant national issues such as the South African rugby tour and the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. In Elliott's view, the union portrays a negative image of all students, suggesting that it does not truly represent the diverse opinions held by the student body. He emphasised that many students, particularly first-year students, feel misrepresented and lack a voice in the decision-making processes of university committees. These committees often operate behind closed doors, making decisions that are only made public through media. Elliott urged the public to refrain from viewing all students as radicals and instead to consider the perspectives of the broader student community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850711_2_86_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850711.2.86.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489844800
5716,12,07,1985,"‘Gay Bashing’ Suspected (Press, 12 July 1985)","On 12 July 1985, it was reported that a New Zealand accountant named Michael Smith, aged 25, was fatally stabbed in Clapham Common, south London. Authorities believe that his murder was a case of mistaken identity perpetrated by individuals targeting gay men. The incident occurred early on a Saturday morning in an area known to be frequented by homosexuals. Detective Sergeant Graham Archer of the Wandsworth police indicated that the assailants likely intended to attack a gay man but mistakenly chose Mr Smith instead. Two suspects, Terence Soodhoo, an 18-year-old plasterer, and Stuart Fletcher, a 17-year-old apprentice carpenter, have been charged with Mr Smith’s murder and were remanded in custody pending further legal proceedings. Police are also pursuing additional individuals who may have been involved in the attack, with hopes of making further arrests soon. A third person who was arrested in connection with the case has since been released. Detective Sergeant Archer expressed concerns about a pattern of violence against homosexuals in the area, suggesting that there had been many unreported assaults potentially linked to the same group. He urged any victims of such crimes to come forward so that the police could fully investigate and address these offences. Following the legal procedures surrounding the suspects' rights to an independent post-mortem examination, an application will be made to the Coroner’s Court for Mr Smith’s body to be released. It is intended that his remains will be returned to New Zealand for burial, with his employer offering to cover the associated costs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850712_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850712.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,489931200
6722,13,07,1985,"Among New Romances (Press, 13 July 1985)","In her review published on 13 July 1985, Kathryn Rowntree evaluates several novels, starting with ""A Flower that’s Free"" by Sarah Harrison. The protagonist, Kate Kingsley, has a vibrant character marked by her striking red hair and yellow eyes. A war orphan from Paris, she is sent to live with adoptive parents in Kenya and later moves to London in 1936 seeking independence amidst the backdrop of World War II. Throughout the story, Kate's adventurous and confrontational nature is highlighted, yet her selfishness and irresponsibility complicate her characterisation. Harrison's storytelling is competent, engaging readers even as the surprises primarily unfold for the characters. Next, Rowntree discusses ""Hold the Dream"" by Barbara Taylor Bradford, a sequel to ""A Woman of Substance."" The character Paula Fairley, a successful 25-year-old millionairess and granddaughter of the previous book's central figure, Emma Harte, juggles her demanding career with family life while navigating crises in business and personal relationships. Bradford's novel is rich with drama and intrigue, presented in a stylish manner that refrains from overindulgence. Rowntree then reviews ""Born of Woman"" by Wendy Perriam as it chronicles the journey of Lyn and Jennifer Winterton. After discovering that Lyn's mother has died, they find scandalous diaries that lead to family turmoil once Lyn's brother publishes them. The plot juxtaposes the tranquil Northumbria with chaotic London, though the lead characters are portrayed as somewhat ineffective. Despite its issues with length and consistency, the story remains entertaining. ""The Restless Sea"" by E. V. Thompson is portrayed as a traditional adventure tale set in 1810 Cornwall. Nathan Jago, a war hero and prize-fighter, starts a fishing business but becomes embroiled in various social issues, including championing the Methodists and fighting for the underprivileged. Thompson’s depiction of women and masculinity through Jago's exploits is somewhat problematic and dated, primarily catering to traditional masculine perspectives. Finally, ""A Dinner of Herbs"" by Catherine Cookson explores themes of love and resentment in the lead-smelting community of Langley, Northumberland. The narrative follows three childhood friends through the harsh realities of the early nineteenth century, presenting a compelling story infused with serious emotional tones and character struggles. Overall, Rowntree's reviews provide a mixture of critique and appreciation for the diverse themes and character complexities found in these contemporary novels, reflecting the literature's engagement with both societal issues and personal narratives of power, love, and turmoil.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850713_2_111_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850713.2.111.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490017600
6723,15,07,1985,"Every Woman Is A Consumer (Press, 15 July 1985)","On 15 July 1985, an incident at a petrol station spotlighted ongoing gender issues in consumer experiences. A woman reported being greeted dismissively by a male manager who remarked, ""Not another bloody woman!"" after experiencing a day filled with female customers. This prompted her to drive elsewhere for petrol and spurred discussions about consumer treatment based on gender. Lester Wolfreys, coordinator of the Community Law Centre, noted that such issues are critical for women consumers and introduced a forthcoming meeting to gather Christchurch women's views on the proposed Ministry of Consumer Affairs. Wolfreys emphasised the lack of female representation on trade committees and corporate boards, which often leads to women's issues being overlooked. The Minister of Consumer Affairs, Mrs Shields, expressed a strong desire to hear women's concerns and invited their participation in a meeting set for 24 July. The session aims to discuss how the Ministry can support women's consumer needs, alongside broader topics like healthcare access, legal resources, and the financial strain on families due to credit policies. In addition, the Waipara Women's Health Day on 17 July would provide North Canterbury women with valuable health information, covering topics such as pre-menstrual tension and menopause, through sessions led by the Family Planning Association. This event highlights the importance of accessible education on women’s health. Moreover, the upcoming Women Studies Association Conference, scheduled for 23 to 25 August in Hamilton, will focus on ""Racism and Heterosexism"" and encourage contributions highlighting the experiences of Māori, lesbian, and disabled women. Registrants are invited to participate in action workshops to further their interests in political advocacy. Other notable initiatives include a street appeal for The Women’s Health Alternatives on 19 July and a meeting focusing on post-natal depression on 23 July. The latter aims to establish a support network for affected women, highlighting the complexities of mental health following childbirth. Jennifer Carr, a woman who underwent oophorectomy (removal of ovaries), expressed a desire to form a support group for others experiencing similar physical and emotional challenges. This underscores the need for communal support among women facing health-impacting decisions. Lastly, a meeting focused on Alzheimer’s Disease care, scheduled for 18 July, aims to offer guidance to those caring for loved ones suffering from dementia. Overall, the coverage reflects a significant moment in 1985 when women's consumer rights, health, and community support initiatives were increasingly brought to public attention, signalling a growing recognition of their importance in societal discussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850715_2_62_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850715.2.62.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490190400
5717,15,07,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 15 July 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 15 July 1985, Hugh Gaw responds to Mr Joe Simmonds of Concerned Christians, who argues against homosexual law reform by linking it to the rise of A.I.D.S. Gaw contends that Simmonds' claims are based on misinformation. He points out that the highest number of A.I.D.S. cases is found in New York, which is a large city where higher incidences of various issues are expected. Gaw notes that despite the efforts of gay activists over 15 years to pass gay rights ordinances in the New York City council, they have been unsuccessful. Furthermore, he highlights that the area with the highest per capita rate of A.I.D.S. in the United States is Belle Vue, Florida, where there are no homosexual victims among those affected. Gaw's letter advocates for a more accurate understanding of the complexities surrounding A.I.D.S. and challenges the narrative that links it to homosexual law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850715_2_71_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850715.2.71.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490190400
6724,15,07,1985,"Maureen Reagan Criticises U.S. Govt Action (Press, 15 July 1985)","On 15 July 1985, Maureen Reagan, daughter of President Ronald Reagan, publicly criticized United States Attorney-General Edwin Meese for withholding a significant grant of $562,500 (approximately $3 million New Zealand dollars) intended for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, which operates shelters for battered women. Ms Reagan's criticism was rooted in the assertion by conservative groups that the organisation promotes lesbianism, a claim she described as “patently absurd.” Her comments were made during a briefing at the State Department, where she was addressing the upcoming international women's conference in Nairobi, of which she is the chair. Maureen Reagan highlighted her concerns after identifying domestic violence as a critical topic that the United States delegation wished to discuss at the conference. A reporter inquired about her views regarding Meese's decision, prompting her to reflect on the long-standing misconceptions surrounding women's shelters. Reagan pointed out that such shelters have often been mischaracterised as mere ""rest and relaxation"" centres for discontented housewives, rather than places providing essential services in response to a severe social issue. She underlined that domestic violence is a serious problem affecting not only women but also children across the country. She emphasised that the perception that domestic violence is an acceptable consequence of marriage is fundamentally flawed, stating, “It does not.” The controversy arose after Meese commenced a review of the grant due to concerns raised by several conservative individuals, including members of Congress, about the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence’s focus on lesbian issues. This tension highlighted the broader societal struggles regarding domestic violence and the support systems aimed at addressing it, revealing a stark divide between progressive views on women's rights and conservative positions on gender and sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850715_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850715.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490190400
5719,17,07,1985,"Mr Lee Seeks $400,000 Damages (Press, 17 July 1985)","Mr Graeme Lee, the Member of Parliament for Hauraki, has initiated legal action for defamation against the publishers and printer of the homosexual magazine ""OUT."" On 15 July 1985, he filed writs in Auckland and Wanganui, seeking a total of $400,000 in damages. The writs target A. M. Katovich, the publisher of ""OUT,"" and Wanganui Newspapers Ltd, the magazine's printer, as well as the Lawrence Publishing Company of New Zealand Ltd, the publisher. The damages sought include $200,000 from Katovich, and $100,000 each from Wanganui Newspapers Ltd and the Lawrence Publishing Company. The defamation claims are in relation to an article that was published in the June-July issue of ""OUT.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850717_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850717.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490363200
5720,17,07,1985,"Obituary Mrs Ann Young (Press, 17 July 1985)","Mrs Ann Young, a notable humanitarian and advocate for the rights of the underprivileged based in Christchurch, passed away suddenly. Throughout her life, she made significant contributions to various social causes and was particularly known for her role as the secretary of the Howard League for Penal Reform. She served on the National Council of Women for around 20 years alongside Marian Saunders, where she provided thoughtful perspectives and stood firm in her beliefs, according to former council president Mrs Doreen Grant. In the 1950s, Mrs Young was instrumental in the campaign against capital punishment, notably in the effort to save three Niue Islanders who were sentenced to death for murder. Her influence was crucial when the National Council of Women shifted its position to oppose capital punishment, reflecting her commitment to justice and reform. In the early 1960s, she became involved with the Prisoners’ Aid and Rehabilitation Society and was a founding member of the Homosexual Law Reform Society. Mrs Young was actively lobbying Members of Parliament shortly before her death, highlighting her continued dedication to societal improvement. Born in 1905 in Invercargill and raised in Dipton, she pursued her education at the University of Otago and trained as a teacher. After marrying Jack “Ore” Young in 1926, she lived in various Southland areas before settling in Christchurch in 1938. In the 1950s, Dr Maurice Bevan Brown, who was known for his innovative therapeutic approaches, trained Mrs Young as a psychotherapist at his clinic. She practised there from 1955 to 1960, where her experiences reinforced her belief in the significance of breastfeeding for the psychological health of children, particularly as it related to women's issues. Mrs Young is survived by her daughter, two sons, six grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren, leaving behind a legacy of advocacy and compassion for those in need.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850717_2_90_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850717.2.90.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490363200
5718,17,07,1985,"Poll On ‘gay’ Law Reform (Press, 17 July 1985)","On 17 July 1985, a telephone poll conducted in the West Auckland electorate revealed that 60 per cent of respondents supported homosexual law reform. This information was shared by Labour MP Mr J. A. Elder, who indicated he would align his parliamentary vote with the views of his constituents. The poll, which gathered 200 responses, highlighted a preference among participants for an age of consent set at 18, as opposed to 16, with 55 per cent in favour of the older age limit. Mr Elder's commitment to reflecting electorate sentiment in his voting decisions underscored the democratic engagement of the local representative with the opinions of those he serves.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850717_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850717.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490363200
5721,17,07,1985,"Sex Education In Schools (Press, 17 July 1985)","In a letter published on 17 July 1985, S. Berry expressed strong outrage regarding the potential implications of the Education Amendment Bill being processed in Parliament. Berry articulated concerns that if the bill passes, parents would lose significant control over the nature and timing of information provided to their children in primary schools. They noted that many parents remain unaware of the type of information their children could be exposed to under the new rule. Berry suggested that if samples of this information were distributed to households, it would likely cause shock and concern among parents. Furthermore, the letter indicated that the ongoing debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill has overshadowed the discussions about the Education Amendment, suggesting that this issue also deserves public attention and parental awareness.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850717_2_101_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850717.2.101.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490363200
5723,18,07,1985,"M.P. Hits Out At Reform Critics (Press, 18 July 1985)","On 18 July 1985, Ms Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central, strongly criticised opponents of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, asserting that their views posed a threat to public health. Wilde, who is sponsoring the bill, responded to comments made by Invercargill MP Norman Jones, who had expressed firm opposition to the reform and linked it to the AIDS epidemic. Jones claimed that a significant number of patients at Auckland's venereal disease clinic had AIDS antibodies, a statement that Wilde dismissed as ""preposterous."" During a Budget debate, Wilde emphasised that all sexually active individuals are at risk of sexually transmitted infections, including AIDS. She highlighted that public awareness and medical action on AIDS only escalated when it began to affect predominantly white and affluent Americans. This observation was aimed at demonstrating the misinformation surrounding the disease and the importance of timely and accurate health education. Wilde accused Jones and others who oppose the reform of spreading disinformation about AIDS, arguing that such rhetoric is harmful and undermines public health initiatives. She contended that if these critics were genuinely concerned about public health, they should refrain from making damaging statements. Wilde positioned her advocacy for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill as a necessary step towards addressing misinformation and enhancing health education in the context of the AIDS crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850718_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850718.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490449600
5722,18,07,1985,"M.P. Tells Of Letter From ‘gay’ Coalition (Press, 18 July 1985)","Mr Norman Jones, Member of Parliament for Invercargill, made a controversial statement on 17 July 1985, asserting that he would leave Parliament if he had to depend on homosexual votes to maintain his political position. His remarks came in response to a letter from Alison Thorne, the international secretary of Australia's Gay Legal Rights Coalition, which encouraged him to reconsider his stance on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Jones interpreted the letter as an indication that New Zealand’s homosexual community was part of a broader lobbying effort that held significant influence over electoral outcomes. He claimed that he had been informed of a potential voting bloc of around 2,000 to 3,000 homosexuals in his electorate and expressed his hope that they would not vote against him. He emphasized that if he were to rely on votes from this community to stay in office, he would choose to resign. The letter suggested that the denial of full human rights to homosexuals and lesbians in New Zealand was as objectionable as apartheid. It warned Jones that New Zealand could face sporting boycotts and economic sanctions unless the rights of approximately 10 per cent of the population were acknowledged and granted. Jones's comments sparked significant debate around the topic of homosexual rights in New Zealand, highlighting the tensions between political representatives and advocacy groups during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850718_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850718.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490449600
5724,20,07,1985,"Army Against ‘gay’ Soldiers (Press, 20 July 1985)","On 20 July 1985, Lieutenant-Colonel Angus Rivers presented his views to Parliament's Statutes Revision Committee regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. He argued against the decriminalisation of homosexual activity in the Armed Services, asserting that allowing such relationships in combat units would damage the soldiers' resolve to fight for their country. He believed it would lead to inappropriate emotional attachments that could compromise the structure of command and the effectiveness of military operations. Rivers insisted that the Ministry of Defence must retain the ability to discriminate against homosexual behaviour to preserve military discipline and effectiveness. He expressed concern that the bill, which seeks to decriminalise consensual sexual activity for adult males over 16 and amend the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation, would disrupt the established command hierarchy. Rivers highlighted that military success relies on the clarity of command relationships, which are vital for making critical decisions during wartime. He believed that with the potential for homosexual relationships, no commander could be confident that operational decisions would be free from the influence of personal emotions. Moreover, Rivers raised health concerns related to HIV/AIDS, suggesting that soldiers could be at risk of becoming infected through untested blood transfusions during combat, a situation exacerbated by the absence of normal screening processes in such scenarios. He underscored the importance of maintaining existing barriers against emotional ties in the military, including policies that prevent close family members, such as spouses or siblings, from serving in the same unit. Rivers noted that there has historically been an understanding among service members regarding the consequences of engaging in homosexual acts, which has acted as a deterrent. In summary, Rivers' submission reflected a significant resistance to the proposed changes in the law, highlighting fears about military cohesion and the implications of emotional relationships on duty and command. His comments resonated with the prevailing attitudes within certain military circles of the time, wherein traditional views about sexuality and its role within the armed forces were prominent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850720_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850720.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490622400
7038,20,07,1985,"Sex Change (Press, 20 July 1985)","On 20 July 1985, it was reported that the horse statue of General Winfield Scott, located in Scott Circle near the White House, underwent a significant alteration—it was transformed from a mare to a stallion. This decision was made by the individuals who commissioned the statue, who believed that depicting the general on a stallion would enhance his image. The change reflects a unique approach to public art and the representation of historical figures in modern contexts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850720_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850720.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490622400
6725,20,07,1985,"Women Hold Unity Rally (Press, 20 July 1985)","On 20 July 1985, a “unity rally” at the University of Nairobi highlighted the achievements and ongoing struggles of women as the United Nations Decade for Women came to a close. Over 1,000 attendees, including speakers from Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas, gathered to celebrate what they viewed as a collective effort towards peace and women's empowerment. Keynote speaker Betty Friedan, an American feminist and founder of the National Organisation for Women, declared that this moment represented not an end but the beginning of a new movement for women worldwide. The event was largely harmonious, although it featured a controversial statement from Nawal Saddawi, an Egyptian leader, concerning the religious invasions of Middle Eastern countries, which was perceived as an affront aimed at Israel. Ranjana Kumari from India sought to soothe tensions by emphasising that regardless of their countries, women should recognise that men are responsible for starting wars. French Minister for Women’s Rights, Yvette Roudy, called for a reunion of women in five years to continue the momentum of their efforts. Friedan spoke of the unity and strength displayed by the 14,000 women who attended the concurrent informal Forum ’85, especially in light of the previous day's disruptions caused by conflicts between Israeli and Arab women representatives. She mentioned that despite their differences, women are united in advocating for peace, opposing nuclear armament, and calling for an end to apartheid in South Africa. Participants shared their experiences, with one African woman saying that the forum enabled them to discuss issues openly, while an Ethiopian social worker highlighted the value of learning new ideas for addressing women's challenges in famine-stricken areas. Many attendees were especially interested in topics that had previously been overlooked, such as lesbianism, as indicated by the crowd attracted to the International Lesbian Information Centre. Workshops varied widely in scope, with discussions on diverse issues from the lack of protection for sex workers to the demand for payment for domestic work. American feminists expressed frustration over perceived injustices related to accommodation costs imposed by the male-dominated Kenyan government. As at the United Nations conference, tensions often flared at the forum, particularly between Israeli and Palestinian women, reflecting the complex dynamics of identity and conflict within the women's rights movement. Overall, the Nairobi gathering underscored the strong sense of solidarity among women and the collective commitment to advocate for their rights and pursue social change, while also acknowledging the need to confront the existing divisions and challenges they faced.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850720_2_79_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850720.2.79.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490622400
5725,22,07,1985,"Homosexual Law Reform Debate ‘muddled’ (Press, 22 July 1985)","On 22 July 1985, the Futures Trust expressed concerns regarding the ongoing debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand, suggesting that the discourse resembled attitudes from the Middle Ages. During a submission to Parliament's Statutes Revision Committee, they highlighted that the public debate was muddled and unscientific, criticising the circulation of petitions and calls for a referendum as indicative of a lack of scientific understanding within society. The trust argued that the discussion should not merely be framed as a conflict between homosexuals and the rest of society, but as a challenge to uphold evidence over speculation and conviction. The bill in question aimed to decriminalise consensual sexual acts between adult males aged over 16 and to amend the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. The Futures Trust's advisory council includes prominent figures such as former Prime Ministers and heads of various councils. They stated that regardless of whether the bill was passed or not, many well-meaning individuals might become disillusioned with the parliamentary process. They advocated for informed public debate and offered to gather and disseminate relevant factual information. Historical context was provided, as the trust noted that consensual homosexual acts between adults had been decriminalised in Britain since 1967. They emphasised the importance of examining the outcomes of such legal changes rather than adhering to speculation. The trust proposed that conducting a referendum in the UK might yield more meaningful insights into the effects of similar legislation. Dr. John Hawley, a board member of the Futures Trust, indicated he would likely abstain from voting on the bill without evidence from regions where homosexual acts had been decriminalised. In contrast, the Employers' Federation opposed making sexual orientation a basis for unlawful discrimination in employment, with Deputy Executive Director Ray Taylor arguing that an employee’s private life should not concern employers unless it affected their work. Taylor also expressed the need for small businesses to have the option to employ individuals based on compatibility, urging for exemptions in case of potential industrial issues stemming from the legislation. Additionally, the Association of Proprietors of Integrated Schools voiced its opposition to the promotion of homosexual activity within certain schools, particularly Catholic institutions, citing concerns about maintaining the schools' special character as guided by religious values. Their chairman, Pat Hoult, argued for a higher age of consent than 16 to protect students from being engaged in unlawful homosexual activities within a school setting. Overall, the varied submissions reflect a spectrum of opinions on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, highlighting the tensions between advancing rights and maintaining traditional values within New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850722_2_171.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850722.2.171,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490795200
5726,24,07,1985,"‘Gays’ In The Army (Press, 24 July 1985)","In a letter published on 24 July 1985, Paul Maling defends the contributions of homosexuals to the military, citing historical examples of notable figures, such as Field-Marshal Lord Kitchener and General Gordon of Khartoum, who were homosexuals. He challenges the assertions made by Lieutenant-Colonel Angus Rivers regarding the negative impact of emotional ties from homosexual relationships, characterising Rivers's claims as ""speculative nonsense."" Maling recalls instances from history, such as the bravery of homosexual lovers in ancient Greece and observations from World War II, where he noted the presence of paired lovers among paratroopers from English, Canadian, and American units. He shares personal experiences from 1940, when he was stationed near a New Zealand Regular Army unit, highlighting how the soldiers' paired relationships contributed to their morale and effectiveness, contrasting with the idea that such ties weaken military performance. Maling emphasizes that this approach resulted in a gain in ""single-minded efficiency"" among the New Zealand soldiers. He further mentions a similar arrangement at Fort Dorset, which was disrupted by a media scandal, implying that societal pressures can negatively influence military dynamics. The letter advocates for the acceptance of homosexuals in the military, asserting that their presence does not detract from, but can enhance, military capability and cohesion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850724_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850724.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,490968000
6726,25,07,1985,"Gloomy Picture Of Efforts To Broaden Work... (Press, 25 July 1985)","A recent review of New Zealand's progress regarding women's employment opportunities during the United Nations’ Decade for Women reveals a largely disheartening situation. Although some initiatives showed promise, the majority of programmes aimed at expanding women's work roles were found to be ineffective. The Taranaki Pilot Positive Action Programme, initiated in 1983, successfully placed 100 young women in non-traditional training and employment; however, other efforts were notably less fruitful, with some trainees failing to secure employment in their trained areas. The report highlighted a concerning trend regarding non-traditional apprenticeships for women, revealing that aside from hairdressing, the majority of female apprentices were concentrated in horticulture and printing. Alarmingly, participation rates among women in various trades decreased from 1980 to 1983. For instance, in radio, female apprentices dropped from 16 in 1980 to just 6 in 1983. Similar declines were observed in clothing machining, fitting and turning, and industrial instrumentation, prompting fears that female involvement in certain trades could potentially vanish altogether. In a somewhat brighter development, apprenticeship figures for women in 1985 showed a significant increase, reaching 285 in non-traditional areas—a 45 per cent rise compared to 35 per cent overall growth in female apprenticeships. Nonetheless, the review pointed out that industries employing a high proportion of women still lack training facilities aimed at developing managerial or supervisory skills for female workers. The Technical Institute's ""New Opportunities"" courses were identified as the sole specific re-training options for women re-entering the workforce. The review also critiqued the United Nations for posing questions deemed inappropriate or overly simplistic concerning New Zealand’s situation. While it noted the establishment of policies and programmes to assist migrant women with employment, housing, and vocational training, it cautioned that there was scant information about their specific needs. Furthermore, it expressed hope for stronger community whanau (extended family) groups. Respondents who read the report were particularly interested in the negative responses that dismissed certain questions as irrelevant to New Zealand, as well as issues that went unaddressed. The report identified ""major obstacles"" to achieving the goals of the U.N. Decade for Women, with many women involved in advocacy explicitly naming these challenges. Notably, the review made no mention of the significant voluntary work undertaken by women, despite this information being readily provided. Contrary to some perceptions, there was no discussion of issues related to lesbian partnerships or immigration in the report. However, the United Nations’ monitoring committee, upon reviewing this appraisal, may find little criticism regarding New Zealand's efforts to advance gender equality, even amid the challenges highlighted.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850725_2_43_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850725.2.43.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491054400
5727,26,07,1985,"‘Gays’ In The Army (Press, 26 July 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 26 July 1985, Varian J. Wilson critiques Paul Maling's selection of historical figures, specifically Generals Kitchener and Gordon, as examples of gay military leaders. Wilson argues that there are better examples to consider, as he questions the sexual orientations and military efficacy of these two figures. He describes Kitchener as ""wilful and devious"" during his time in India and ""useless as an executive head in the War Office,"" even though he acknowledges Kitchener's appeal as a poster figure. Similarly, Wilson portrays Gordon as a ""mystical fanatic"" who ignored orders and was poorly suited for his role at Khartoum, suggesting that his appointment was an odd decision by the Cabinet. Shifting focus to World War II, Wilson suggests that openly gay soldiers were not major issues and were often assigned to duties that kept them away from front-line action, such as cooking and policing, but implies these arrangements led to additional problems, like domestic disputes and minor dishonesties within barracks. He also challenges the notion that New Zealand soldiers were entirely paired off, indicating that relationships were not as simple as Maling suggests. Lastly, Wilson critiques the idea that ancient Greek soldiers were ""homosexual lovers,"" asserting that they regarded women merely as mothers and preferred anal sex as a substitute for more emotionally connected heterosexual relationships. Through his letter, Wilson expresses a critical view of Maling's interpretation of homosexual relationships in historical and military contexts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850726_2_123_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850726.2.123.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491140800
7435,27,07,1985,"A.I.D.S. Sperm Risk Unlikely (Press, 27 July 1985)","In July 1985, the head of the obstetrics and gynaecology department at the Christchurch Clinical School of Medicine, Professor Donald Aickin, addressed concerns regarding the safety of an artificial insemination by donor programme that had been suspended due to fears surrounding the A.I.D.S. virus. He indicated that the women participating in the Christchurch programme were unlikely at risk for contracting A.I.D.S. because of the small, well-known pool of donors associated with the programme. The suspension of the programme occurred at the end of 1984, and it was set to be reconsidered early in 1986. In contrast to Christchurch's approach, artificial insemination programmes in larger cities like Sydney used anonymous sperm banks, which posed a different risk profile. Professor Aickin suggested that should the Christchurch programme be reinstated, comprehensive A.I.D.S. testing for all donors would be an essential requirement. Meanwhile, in Auckland, safeguards had been implemented in the local artificial insemination programme at the National Women’s Hospital. Dr Freddie Graham reported that all 60 women involved had been informed about the slight risk of A.I.D.S. transmission from infected semen. Despite this risk, all women chose to proceed with the treatment. Donors were required to affirm that they did not belong to high-risk groups for A.I.D.S., such as homosexuals or intravenous drug users, and since donors were unpaid, this reduced the potential for dishonest declarations. Commenting further on the subject, Professor John Hutton, head of obstetrics and gynaecology at Wellington Hospital, stated the likelihood of contracting A.I.D.S. from donor sperm was significantly lower than the risk involved with blood transfusions. His comments followed media reports of four women who had contracted A.I.D.S. from sperm used in the Sydney artificial insemination programme from a bisexual donor in 1982. This incident highlighted the potential dangers of using donor sperm without stringent screening processes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850727_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850727.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491227200
7234,27,07,1985,"Hudson Confirms He Has Disease (Press, 27 July 1985)","Rock Hudson, the prominent film and television star, has revealed that he is suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.), a diagnosis he received over a year ago. His spokeswoman, Yanou Collart, stated that Hudson is uncertain about how he contracted the disease, emphasising that no one around him is infected with A.I.D.S. In her announcement, Collart expressed that Hudson's decision to disclose his condition reflects his character. The actor sought medical advice from an A.I.D.S. specialist in Paris after falling ill at the Ritz Hotel, leading to his subsequent hospitalisation. President Ronald Reagan reached out to Hudson to extend his well-wishes, indicating that both he and First Lady Nancy Reagan were keeping the actor in their thoughts and prayers, according to White House spokesman Mark Weinberg. Experts from organisations concerned with A.I.D.S. have commented that Hudson's visibility may help raise public awareness about the disease, challenging existing myths and promoting open discussions. Ron Najman from the National Gay Task Force compared Hudson's situation to President Reagan's own past battle with colon cancer, suggesting that it could similarly illuminate the realities of A.I.D.S. Najman noted that the general populace is often fearful and misinformed about A.I.D.S. He expressed concern that some anti-gay groups have exploited this fear to justify discriminatory practices, such as prohibiting gay individuals from teaching or handling food. He strongly criticised these actions as an infringement on constitutional rights, lacking any medical basis. The hope among advocates is that the increase in awareness sparked by Hudson's case will prioritize factual information over misconceptions associated with A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850727_2_83_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850727.2.83.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491227200
5728,27,07,1985,"Reform Bill Opposed (Press, 27 July 1985)","On 27 July 1985, the Country Women’s Institute (C.W.I.) held its annual meeting in Dunedin, where significant opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill emerged. The bill, currently before Parliament, seeks to decriminalise male homosexuality, which is illegal under existing law. During the meeting, a remit was presented stating that members opposed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The vote on this remit showed overwhelming disapproval of the proposed changes, with 378 voting against the bill, 80 in favour, and 48 abstaining. The decision was made to open voting to the floor after concerns were raised by some of the 55 official delegates — who are presidents of various C.W.I. federations across New Zealand — regarding their representation of membership opinions that varied on the subject. To ensure a more inclusive process, the vote was changed to a personal one, allowing all members present to participate. Additionally, another remit proposed that if male homosexuality were to be decriminalised, the age of consent should be amended from the proposed 16 years to 20 years. This motion also garnered support and was passed during the meeting. The outcomes of this gathering reflect a clear stance by the C.W.I. members against the reform of homosexual laws as they currently stand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850727_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850727.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491227200
5729,27,07,1985,"To Each, His Own (Press, 27 July 1985)","In a letter received on 27 July 1985, the author expresses a deep emotional connection with Joe, a young man known for his charming personality and vulnerability. Joe, who had a brief physical presence in the author's life, is remembered for his striking appearance and sensitivity, qualities that drew many to him, although he remained largely unaware of the attention he attracted. Joe's journey was marked by struggles with his health and self-acceptance, particularly in relation to his homosexuality. The author recounts their last encounter at a railway platform in Manhattan, where they shared a tender farewell while Joe clutched a bag of oranges, a gesture intended to ease his coughing. After parting ways, they promised to stay in touch through letters, which then became a source of deeper understanding of Joe’s life. He initially pursued computer studies but faced setbacks and managed to find work processing colour film. Unfortunately, Joe's health deteriorated when his cough escalated into pneumonia. In a heart-wrenching part of a letter, Joe reveals that he had tried to escape his overwhelming feelings by taking an overdose, leading to a grim realisation for the author that Joe’s struggles might have far-reaching consequences. The author highlights the challenges that come with Joe's homosexuality, even in a place like New York where such a lifestyle is accepted legally. They draw attention to the broader societal issues regarding the perception and treatment of homosexuals in New Zealand, particularly following the introduction of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The author conveys dismay over the intolerance and fear that has emerged in society, particularly a misconception that legalising homosexuality would lead to a surge in its acceptance among the general populace. They wish that those with such views could spend time with individuals like Joe to truly understand the realities of their lives. The author argues that legalising homosexuality would not eradicate prejudice nor guarantee happiness, but it would mark a significant step towards allowing people to live authentically. The letter reflects on the unfortunate increase in negative sentiment towards homosexuality due to the AIDS epidemic. However, the author emphasizes that legalisation is crucial for addressing and treating the issues faced by the LGBTQ+ community in the country. Ultimately, the author advocates for a progressive vision where New Zealand becomes a more accepting society, allowing individuals to be true to themselves and fostering a better environment for all its citizens.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850727_2_91_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850727.2.91.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491227200
5730,27,07,1985,"Voracious Zest For Life (Press, 27 July 1985)","Ruth Prawer Jhabvala's novel ""In Search of Love and Beauty,"" published in 1984, is reviewed by Diane Prout, who highlights the author's ability to explore the themes of personal fulfillment and the quest for meaning amidst the complexities of life. Jhabvala is well-known in New Zealand for her previous work ""Heat and Dust,"" which, like her latest novel, delves into the experiences of expatriates navigating the rich cultural tapestry of India and their own identities. The narrative focuses on Leo Kellerman, a guru and somewhat comical character who runs an Academy of Potential Development, aiming to guide his students to a deep understanding of existence. The story unfolds over a span of 50 years, following a group of affluent German expatriates in New York whose lives intersect with Leo's. Among them are Louise and Regi, lifelong friends who share Leo's affections, and Louise's daughter, Marietta, who seeks solace in the company of an Indian musician after her marriage goes awry. Jhabvala artfully weaves threads of desire, aspiration, and the influence of societal norms into the lives of her characters. The novel balances elements of humour and pathos, showcasing Leo as a seductive figure whose teachings are ultimately overshadowed by the primitive forces of human connection and sexuality. While Marietta is drawn to the beauty of Indian music, Louise remains devoted to her long-lost love, even into old age. Additionally, the story features Mark, Marietta's son, who navigates his own struggles as a talented, yet unhappy homosexual. This varied portrayal of characters reflects the diverse ways in which individuals seek love and beauty, and how their lives intertwine in unexpected manners. The experimental living arrangements typical of American communes and the challenges faced by homosexuals are also touched upon, grounding the narrative in a recognisable societal context. Prout appreciates Jhabvala's language, which flows with ease and conviction, compelling the reader to accept the strange and often incongruous circumstances of life. The book is described as both charming and poignant, anchored by the author's detached yet compassionate perspective on her characters' predicaments. Ultimately, ""In Search of Love and Beauty"" stands as a testament to Jhabvala's storytelling prowess, revealing the complexities of human desire and the search for meaning in an ever-changing world.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850727_2_110_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850727.2.110.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491227200
7436,27,07,1985,"Women Get A.I.D.S. From Donor Sperm (Press, 27 July 1985)","On 27 July 1985, uncertainty surrounded the fate of women involved in Sydney's Artificial Insemination Programme, particularly concerning the risk of A.I.D.S. transmission. New South Wales Health Minister Ron Mulcock acknowledged that while the risk of further A.I.D.S. infections was considered remote, he could not provide guarantees regarding the safety of past participants. The programme, which had been halted in October 1984, had exposed some women to potential A.I.D.S. infection through semen used in inseminations. Reports indicated that four women were receiving treatment for A.I.D.S. after receiving contaminated semen at Westmead Hospital back in 1982. The situation escalated when it was disclosed that the sperm donor who posed a potential risk had identified himself as bisexual and had opted out of the programme after raising concerns about A.I.D.S. However, by that time, he had already made donations while in the programme. Dr John Tyler, the scientific director of the programme, stated that officials were unaware of any health issues with their donors at the time, as all participants were deemed healthy. The suspicions about the safety of the semen led to the programme's cancellation. In response to public demand for artificial insemination services, the government announced the reinstatement of the programme with significantly stricter screening protocols for donors. Professor David Penington, chairman of Australia’s A.I.D.S. Task Force, and Dr Graeme Stewart of the Clinical Immunology Unit at Westmead, expressed confidence that the risk of additional cases would likely be minimal due to the implementation of new safety measures in the sperm donation process. The health officials reported that the four women affected were unlikely to develop severe A.I.D.S. symptoms and were expected to maintain healthy lives, despite testing positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies, indicating prior exposure to the virus. Notably, neither the women’s husbands nor their children tested positive for the A.I.D.S. antibody, suggesting limited potential for virus transmission within those intimate circles. Overall, while experts expected new cases of A.I.D.S. in Australia in the coming years, they believed that recent efforts had significantly mitigated the spread of the virus. The public health outlook remained cautious, but with the improved safety protocols, there was a collective hope for enhanced protection against A.I.D.S. among future users of the artificial insemination programme.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850727_2_83_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850727.2.83.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491227200
5731,30,07,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 30 July 1985)","In a letter published on 30 July 1985, Philip G. Ney responded to Dr Max Abbott's news release claiming unanimous support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill among participants of a Mental Health Foundation conference. Ney, a participant and board member of the foundation, expressed his disagreement with the proposed changes to the law. He described the bill as naive, stating that it wrongly assumes attitudes can be changed through legislation. He argued that the bill lacks foresight by not considering the long-term consequences of legalising homosexuality, citing examples from New York where an increase in homosexuality has led to a perceived shortage of heterosexual men. Ney also characterised the bill as reactionary since it does not accommodate individuals who may wish to change their sexual orientation. He emphasised that framing homosexuality as an immutable condition limits the potential for change, whereas viewing it as changeable acknowledges the desires of some to alter their sexual orientation. He advocated for a more acceptable law, suggesting that the current proposal fails to meet the needs of diverse perspectives. Ney's letter conveys a critical stance towards the bill, highlighting concerns over legislative approaches to complex social issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850730_2_98_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850730.2.98.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491486400
7112,31,07,1985,"‘Gays’ In The Army (Press, 31 July 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 31 July 1985, Paul Maling responds to Varian J. Wilson's recent remarks regarding military leadership and the presence of homosexuals in the Army. Maling counters Wilson's assertion that Kitchener was ""useless as an executive head,"" by suggesting that military authority is often viewed negatively by those who do not see soldiers as mere pawns. He cites Lieutenant-Colonel Rivers as an example of someone who holds such a view. Maling emphasizes that homosexual individuals are more prevalent in the Army than Wilson acknowledges, suggesting that they exist across a spectrum of ranks. He references the Kinsey Report and historical contexts, such as ancient Greece, to illustrate that homosexuality has long been a part of military life. He points out that being homosexual does not exclude the possibility of being heterosexual. He also critiques Wilson's interpretation of ancient Greek attitudes towards women, arguing that such interpretations arise from a misunderstanding rooted in modern perspectives. Maling references H. D. F. Kitto's earlier work to debunk the myth that ancient Greeks despised women, implying that Wilson's conclusions are simplistic and historically inaccurate. In wrapping up his letter, Maling expresses a need for a more nuanced understanding of sexuality in the military and historical interpretations around gender roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850731_2_109_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850731.2.109.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491572800
5732,31,07,1985,"Bishop Notes Church Absence From Summit (Press, 31 July 1985)","On 31 July 1985, the Rt Rev. P. W. Mann, Anglican Bishop of Dunedin, expressed concerns regarding the lack of representation for the Church at the Government’s Economic Summit. Speaking at the forty-third synod of the Diocese of Dunedin, he pointed out that Church leaders were notably excluded from the summit, with the closest involvement being through those who manage the Church’s social welfare initiatives. Bishop Mann interpreted this exclusion as an indication of a broader misunderstanding of the Church's role and contributions to societal discussions on human welfare and nature. He argued that the summit planners seemingly overlooked the fundamental human questions that should inform economic and social planning. Bishop Mann remarked that while representation at the summit was extensive, it failed to include perspectives from religious leaders, which he deemed critical given the moral and ethical dimensions of human existence. He lamented the prevailing view of “economic man,” which characterises individuals primarily as self-interested actors pursuing maximum gain with minimum effort. This reductionist view, he suggested, risks diminishing the value of work, reducing it to merely a cost factor instead of recognising it as an expression of shared creativity aligned with the divine purpose. Bishop Mann pointed out that this modern interpretation of human nature contrasts sharply with the biblical understanding of humanity espoused by the Church, which encompasses deeper moral and social obligations. He cautioned that such a view complicates discussions on prevailing social issues, including debates on homosexual law reform, the All Black tour, and sex education in schools. He urged his diocese representatives to rise to the challenges posed by contemporary secular society and to contribute to the discourse on these pressing matters, leveraging the Church’s insights and values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850731_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850731.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491572800
5733,31,07,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 31 July 1985)","The Mental Health Foundation conference held in Wellington was deemed a great success, according to a letter published in ""The Press"" on 31 July 1985. The author, Jocelyn V. Hay, expressed disappointment that Professor Ney attended only one day of the conference, coinciding with the presentation of his paper. The conclusion of the conference underscored important initiatives aimed at promoting mental health. A significant moment during the event was the unanimous support from participants for Fran Wilde's Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Hay emphasised that endorsing the bill was not about seeking a 'cure', but rather about addressing issues of human suffering and discrimination faced by valuable members of the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850731_2_109_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850731.2.109.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491572800
7113,01,08,1985,"A.I.D.S. In N.Z. A Disease Of Both Sexes (Press, 1 August 1985)","On 1 August 1985, Dr John Clements, assistant director of the Health Department in New Zealand, expressed concerns regarding the potential spread of AIDS in a way that could affect both sexes, unlike trends observed in other countries. He emphasised the necessity for health education programmes about sexual behaviour to target both males and females, particularly as New Zealand youth may be at risk during their adolescent years. Dr Clements argued that it was crucial to provide comprehensive sex education instead of avoiding the topic, suggesting that neglecting this issue could lead to increased exposure to the HIV virus among young people during their formative years. He noted that in other regions, such as America and Europe, AIDS primarily affected specific at-risk groups, largely due to the concentrated gay communities in urban areas where sexual partners are typically found within these defined populations. However, he pointed out that New Zealand's situation might be different, as there are not enough significant gay communities in most areas to create similar dynamics. He highlighted the lack of knowledge regarding the practices of male homosexuals in New Zealand, suggesting that some may identify as bisexual and have regular female sexual contacts, leading to a broader potential transmission across both sexes. This could result in AIDS becoming a widespread issue in New Zealand, presenting a public health challenge that may not follow the same patterns currently seen in countries experiencing AIDS epidemics. Dr Clements' insights stressed the urgency for targeted education and awareness about AIDS to mitigate the risk posed to the entire population.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850801_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850801.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491659200
7437,01,08,1985,"Sex Crime Rate In China Soars (Press, 1 August 1985)","On 1 August 1985, reports from Peking indicated a significant rise in the sexual crime rate in China, prompting authorities to advocate for increased sex education as a means to address the growing issue. According to the China News Service, while the overall national crime rate has decreased in recent years, the incidence of sex crimes has notably surged. The majority of offenders identified in these crimes are youths and adolescents. Although precise figures on the crime rate were not provided, the report highlighted that many sex crimes stem from a lack of knowledge regarding sexual matters. The report further cited concerns that ignorance about sex has contributed to marital discord, with a survey from a district in Shanghai revealing that around a quarter of divorces were attributed to ""disharmonious sexual life."" This situation reflects a shift in societal attitudes, as the topic of sex is becoming less of a taboo and more of a legitimate subject for scientific inquiry among experts and the general public alike. To address these challenges, the China News Service noted that a national sex education conference was recently convened in Shanghai. This conference focused on a wide array of topics, including sexual perversion, issues related to bisexuality, sexual morality, and the concept of sexual sin. The discussions signal a growing acknowledgment of the importance of sexual education in contemporary Chinese society as a means of improving sexual knowledge and reducing both crime and marital issues associated with sexual ignorance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850801_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850801.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491659200
5734,02,08,1985,"‘Gay’ Law Reform Meeting (Press, 2 August 1985)","On 2 August 1985, a public meeting to support the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is scheduled to take place in Christchurch on Monday evening. The meeting will feature Ms Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament who introduced the bill, as the guest speaker. Organised by the Lesbian and Gay Rights Action Group, the event aims to inform the public about the implications of the bill for homosexual individuals. Ms Anne Barnes, a spokesperson for the group, noted the need to provide accurate information to the community. In addition to Ms Wilde, several other speakers are set to participate, including Mr Mark Vivian, an unordained Christian; Mr Martin Moodie, a unionist; Dr Peter Johnson, a representative from the A.I.D.S. Support Network; and Ms Annamarie Jagose, a member of the action group. The organisers anticipate around 500 attendees at the meeting, which will take place at the Horticultural Hall starting at 8 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850802_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850802.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491745600
5735,02,08,1985,"‘Gays’ In The Army (Press, 2 August 1985)","In a letter published on 30 July 1985, Paul Maling responded to criticisms made by a radio commentator regarding his assertion about the nature of courage among ancient Greek soldiers. The commentator accused Maling of making an unfounded claim that the most valiant soldiers in ancient Greece were homosexual lovers. Maling clarified his position, stating that he was not presenting an opinion but rather reflecting the beliefs held by the ancient Greeks. He pointed out that the Sacred Band of Thebes, composed of pairs of lovers, exemplified this notion. Maling highlighted the squad’s historic achievements, noting their significant victories against the Spartans at the battles of Leuctra in 371 BC and again in 362 BC. He mentioned that the Sacred Band remained undefeated until 338 BC when they were ultimately defeated at Cheironeia, where all members fell together on the battlefield, side by side. Additionally, Maling drew parallels to modern military bonding, referencing the strong connections formed among paratroopers during intense combat in World War II. In contrast to these examples of camaraderie, he cited Lieutenant Colonel Angus Rivers, who opposed such bonding due to what he claimed were its “weakening effects.” Maling's letter encapsulated the ongoing debate about the relationship between personal connections and military effectiveness, invoking historical context to support his argument. The editor noted that this correspondence was now considered closed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850802_2_97_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850802.2.97.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491745600
5736,02,08,1985,"Sex Education In Schools (Press, 2 August 1985)","On 2 August 1985, letters to the editor in response to articles about the medical realities of A.I.D.S. highlighted the ongoing debate over sexual education and morality in New Zealand. One letter from J. M. Nihoniho underscored the need for chastity education in schools, arguing that this should replace the distribution of contraceptives. Nihoniho expressed concerns that the government and educational authorities would be negligent if they implemented sex education or legislation regarding homosexuality that could endanger young people. He advocated for a focus on abstinence and traditional moral standards, suggesting that parents should have the right to withdraw their children from schools if they felt the environment was detrimental. In contrast, a letter from Shaun Jones critiqued Nihoniho's perspective, stating that the rejection of divine morality does not equate to mere trendiness or humanism. Jones suggested that morality is not fixed by religious doctrine but evolves over time, reflecting contemporary values. He questioned the idea of a divinely sanctioned moral code, pointing out inconsistencies within biblical teachings and arguing that interpretations of morality are subject to change. Jones proposed that the discussions of morality and ethics are part of a broader human experience that transcends specific religious beliefs. Both letters reflect the contentious societal discourse surrounding sexual education, morality, and public health during this period, illustrating the tensions between traditional beliefs and more modern views on sexuality and education.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850802_2_97_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850802.2.97.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,491745600
5737,06,08,1985,"‘Human Rights Future Staked On Gay Bill’ (Press, 6 August 1985)","The future of human rights in New Zealand hinged on the outcome of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, as discussed at a pro-bill meeting in Christchurch that attracted over 500 attendees on 5 August 1985. Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament who introduced the bill, emphasised that the campaign represented more than just legal reform; it reflected the state of New Zealand society, which she suggested was displaying troubling aspects. She dismissed claims made by the bill's opponents, which suggested that its passage would lead to public homosexual acts or solicitations, clarifying that the bill would not alter the Crimes Act or the Marriage Act. Wilde asserted that the approval of the bill would allow the estimated 5 to 10 per cent of homosexuals in the country to be free from legal discrimination, while its defeat could threaten other human rights, such as women's rights and the fight against racial discrimination, due to the influence of ""bigots"" opposing the bill. Unionist Martin Moodie, speaking at the meeting, asserted that the bill was fundamentally a human rights issue and, therefore, a concern for unions. He condemned the extremism being pushed by Christian groups against the bill and urged attendees not to succumb to the fear of being labelled for their support. Dr Peter Johnson, representing the A.I.D.S. Support Network, argued that the fight against A.I.D.S. should not be undermined by erroneous beliefs that the bill would facilitate the spread of the disease, claiming that the reform would encourage individuals to seek necessary awareness and support without the fear of criminalisation. Mark Vivian, an unordained minister, critiqued the fear-driven arguments from some Christians, urging them to confront their emotions and reconsider their interpretations of Scripture regarding homosexuality. Annamarie Jagose from the Gay and Lesbian Rights Group described the ongoing societal persecution of homosexual individuals as a ""witch hunt"" and argued that the law reform would alleviate social pressures and grant them equal status—stressing that the community encompasses around 300,000 individuals in New Zealand deserving of equality. Wilde concluded by calling for public support for the bill, encouraging attendees to engage with their MPs and political leaders. She expressed a desire for future generations to live in a society that not only tolerates differences but welcomes them. The meeting stood as a significant moment in the ongoing conversation surrounding human rights and acceptance in New Zealand, highlighting the broader implications of the bill beyond legal change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850806_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850806.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492091200
5739,06,08,1985,"A.I.D.S. Spreading In Europe (Press, 6 August 1985)","A report from the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) indicates that Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (A.I.D.S.) is increasingly spreading in Europe, particularly in France, which has documented the highest number of cases on the continent. However, the scale of the epidemic remains significantly greater in the United States. Since the beginning of the A.I.D.S. epidemic in 1979, the U.S. has reported 12,067 cases and continues to see approximately 160 new cases each week, while Europe has recorded 940 cases outside the U.S., with 178 of those occurring in 1985 alone. As of the latest figures, France has reported 307 cases, translating to 5.6 cases per million inhabitants, with a rate of three to four new cases emerging each week. Meanwhile, West Germany has documented 162 cases (2.6 per million), the United Kingdom has 140 cases (2.5 per million), the Netherlands reports 52 cases (3.6 per million), and Switzerland has 51 cases (7.9 per million). Belgium has reported a total of 81 cases; however, a significant majority of these cases involve individuals diagnosed in Belgium who originally came from Africa. Other European countries have fewer than 50 cases each, all of which still present lower rates than the U.S. rate of 40.9 cases per million. The epidemiological data from the W.H.O. reflect that homosexual and bisexual men constitute the majority of A.I.D.S. cases in both Europe and the United States. In Europe, 83 per cent of A.I.D.S. cases are among these demographics, with only 3 per cent reported among intravenous drug users. In the United States, 73 per cent of A.I.D.S. patients identify as gay or bisexual, with 17 per cent being drug users. The W.H.O. has noted that while homosexual men remain the primary risk group, cases among intravenous drug abusers are emerging in seven European countries, including West Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. A.I.D.S. is believed to be caused by a virus transmitted through sexual contact or contaminated blood and products. The disease severely weakens the immune system, making individuals susceptible to various infections and illnesses. Currently, there are no known cases of recovery from the disease, although it can remain dormant for periods. The alarming trends highlighted in the W.H.O. report underscore the ongoing A.I.D.S. epidemic in both Europe and the United States, with urgent attention needed to address its spread.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850806_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850806.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492091200
5738,06,08,1985,"Hollywood Remedies (Press, 6 August 1985)","On 6 August 1985, it was reported that the five members of the West Hollywood City Council, noted for having the only local government in the United States with a homosexual majority, decided to address an internal dispute by consulting a psychologist. The council planned to spend a weekend at a hotel in Santa Barbara, California, at a cost of $2,000. The conflict arose between Mayor Valerie Terrigno, a prominent lesbian activist, who wished to extend her term for an additional four months, and John Heilman, an openly homosexual lawyer, who insisted that she honour a prior agreement to pass the mayoralty to him. Heilman explained that the sessions were intended to improve their personal relationships and skills, reflecting an unconventional approach to resolving their differences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850806_2_67_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850806.2.67.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492091200
5741,07,08,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 7 August 1985)","In August 1985, the discussion surrounding proposed legislation on homosexual law reform in New Zealand sparked a robust exchange of letters in the media. Bruce Morrison posed critical questions regarding the proposals by Philip Ney, particularly concerning what provisions would be made for individuals ""wishing to change"" their sexual orientation and how the proposed bill might restrict rather than promote freedom of choice. He suggested that an increase in the homosexual population in cities like New York could be attributed to the migration of individuals from states where their sexual orientation was criminalised to locations where it is more accepted, such as New York and San Francisco. Morrison argued that if the law were passed in New Zealand, it would encourage more individuals to openly express their homosexuality, fostering a climate of acceptance and understanding among heterosexuals. Arthur Wells, responding to Ney, challenged him to define what he meant by a ""more acceptable"" law regarding homosexuality, asserting that any such proposal could result in further oppression. Wells expressed strong support for the homosexual community, stating that a new Christchurch organisation named HUG (Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays) had emerged to advocate for homosexual rights and to foster community acceptance. He noted that many supporters were motivated by personal relationships with homosexuals, which had illuminated the absurdities of current laws and societal fears surrounding homosexuality. Wells highlighted the importance of authentic sexual choices and a supportive, accepting environment. K. L. Crump from the Gay Task Force also addressed Ney's arguments, asserting that discrimination against homosexuals remains a stark contrast to the privileges granted to heterosexuals, thus underscoring the need for legal equality. Crump expressed concern that Ney's views reflect a broader reluctance to embrace the principles of liberty and equality, both of which should be fundamental to a democratic society. Crump maintained that the proposed bill represented what the homosexual community deemed acceptable and necessary for achieving legal and social equality. Overall, these discussions highlighted a critical moment in New Zealand’s evolving attitudes towards homosexuality and the push for legal reforms that would decriminalise and legitimise homosexual relationships, ultimately fostering greater societal acceptance. The letters reflect a deepening debate about individual rights, societal norms, and the role of law in shaping personal lives and identities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850807_2_87_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850807.2.87.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492177600
5740,07,08,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 7 August 1985)","On 6 August 1985, during a session of Parliament in Wellington, members presented three significant petitions. The Minister of Overseas Trade, Mr Moore, introduced a petition from Frederick Anthony Hutton and 292 others, urging the repeal of an income tax surcharge levied on the income of national superannuitants. The petition also called for higher tax rates on public corporations and companies with substantial financial returns. Additionally, Mr R. L. G. Talbot, representing the National Party from Ashburton, submitted a petition from the Ashburton branch of the Nurses' Association, which was backed by 169 other individuals. This petition requested the repeal of the State Services Conditions of Employment Act, enacted in 1983. The Minister of Maori Affairs, Mr Wetere, presented another petition from Mrs Diana Mitchell and 57 others, which sought the rejection of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. During the session, the Parliament tabled the annual reports from the Government Stores Board, Maori Education Foundation, National Parks and Reserves Authority, and the Department of Social Welfare. Two motions were also presented for discussion. Members of the government answered a total of 20 questions, including six that were pertinent for the day and 14 that had been given notice prior. The Patriotic and Canteen Funds Amendment Bill was introduced and assigned to the Foreign Affairs and Defence Select Committee for further examination. The Justice and Law Reform Committee submitted a report on the Rape Law Reform Bill (No. 2), which was approved, and the bill was scheduled for a second reading on the following sitting day. Furthermore, the Insurance Law Reform Bill (No. 2) and the Friendly Societies and Credit Unions Amendment Bill received their third readings. The Penal Institution Amendment Bill (No. 2) underwent its second reading and was earmarked for committee discussions in the next sitting. The House also convened to deliberate on the Statistics Amendment Bill, which was reported back without amendments and scheduled for a third reading next session. The session progressed to the second reading of the Treaty of Waitangi Amendment Bill, which was interrupted for dinner at 5.30 p.m. When the House resumed at 7.30 p.m., the debate continued, culminating in the bill's approval after a division that resulted in a government victory with 41 votes to 34. Following this, members engaged in discussion on the second reading of the Education Amendment Bill, which was interrupted when the House adjourned at 11 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850807_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850807.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492177600
5745,08,08,1985,"Americans Ore Fearful Of A.I.D.S.—poll (Press, 8 August 1985)","A poll conducted by ""Newsweek"" magazine reveals increasing fear among Americans regarding the spread of AIDS, with 14 per cent of respondents expressing concern that they or someone they know might contract the disease. This marks a significant rise from the 7 per cent recorded in a similar poll in July 1983. Simultaneously, the number of individuals who reported feeling no concern about contracting AIDS has declined, dropping from 42 per cent to 31 per cent over the same period. According to the poll, 62 per cent of participants believe that AIDS is either very or somewhat likely to spread to the general population, compared to 26 per cent who feel it is not too likely, and 7 per cent who believe it is not at all likely. The disease mainly affects groups such as male homosexuals, hemophiliacs, and intravenous drug users, and can be transmitted through sexual contact, contaminated needles, and blood transfusions, but not through casual contact. In response to their fears, some individuals have started taking precautions to avoid potential exposure to AIDS. The poll indicates that 13 per cent are intentionally avoiding men they suspect to be homosexual, 28 per cent are steering clear of places frequented by male homosexuals, and 21 per cent have chosen to refuse elective surgery that would involve blood transfusions. The poll also highlighted concerns about discrimination linked to AIDS, with 46 per cent of respondents believing that the condition has led to unfair treatment of all homosexuals. Moreover, sentiment regarding government funding for AIDS research appears low, with only 5 per cent of those surveyed feeling that enough money is being allocated, while a significant 50 per cent voiced that current funding is inadequate. Overall, the findings reflect a rising anxiety about AIDS in American society and highlight the varying perceptions of risk, stigma, and the need for improved research funding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850808_2_149.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850808.2.149,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492264000
5743,08,08,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 8 August 1985)","On 8 August 1985, a letter was published responding to views expressed by P. G. Ney regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The author, E. R. L. Wilson, critiques Ney's perspective as naive, short-sighted, and reactionary. Wilson argues that Ney's viewpoint is naive because it oversimplifies sexuality into a binary choice between homosexuality and heterosexuality, failing to recognise the spectrum of human sexual orientation. Furthermore, Wilson contends that Ney's stance is short-sighted as it overlooks the main objectives of the proposed legislation, which aims to decriminalise consensual homosexual acts between adults, diminish discrimination against homosexuals, and strengthen the emerging supportive attitudes towards them in society. Wilson emphasises that laws cannot alter people's intrinsic attitudes or sexual identities and cautions against interpreting the Homosexual Law Reform Bill as an attempt to control either. He also criticises Ney’s suggestion that unfulfilled heterosexual women are abandoned, labelling it as sexist and implying that it places an obligation on men to address women’s supposed needs. By addressing these points, Wilson presents a case for broader understanding and acceptance of homosexuality and criticises narrow-minded views that fail to contribute to the conversation around the reform. The letter ultimately calls for a more inclusive and enlightened approach to discussions on sexuality and related legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850808_2_74_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850808.2.74.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492264000
6727,08,08,1985,"Laugh With Women’s Lib (Press, 8 August 1985)","""Ladies Against Women"" is a political satire that the American women’s movement has adopted to convey their messages humorously and provocatively. The show features characters such as Phyllis Le Shaft, who has been actively campaigning for a House committee focused on what she terms ""Unladylike Action"" and the passage of the Equal Restroom Amendment (ERA). The fictional Ms Le Shaft also supports the Seminal Life Amendment, which asserts that the union of sperm and egg is a fundamental right. This satirical approach incorporates various absurd slogans and positions, such as the call to ""Make America a man again,"" restoring virginity as a high school graduation requirement, and even advocating the abolition of the environment due to its maintenance challenges. These extreme statements reflect the creators' aim to mock conservative views and highlight the contradictions present in some arguments against women's rights. The Plutonium Players, who created this satire in 1977, specialise in surprise disruptions during political events, where they inject their opposing viewpoints into ongoing conversations. This tactic has been employed to attract attention and provoke thought among audiences who may otherwise remain disengaged. Critics of the movement, such as Phyllis Schlafly, head of the group Stop-E.R.A., have dismissed these performances as foolish and ineffective, arguing that they do not convey coherent messages. However, members of the Plutonium Players and other feminists argue that humour is an effective tool for communication, allowing complex ideas to be presented in a memorable fashion. They believe that through comedy, they can better engage with audiences, making important political points more accessible. Jaime Mars-Walker, one of the male members of the cast, emphasises the potency of humour in delivering a message rapidly and lasting in impact. Feminists have drawn inspiration from various incidents that showcase the effectiveness of their techniques, citing examples such as a bake sale protesting military expenditures that poked fun at the inflated prices of food items. Similarly, the Gay Freedom Day parade in San Francisco featured a satirical contingent that attracted attention for its outrageous themes. Overall, ""Ladies Against Women"" serves as a catalyst for dialogue, utilising satire to challenge traditional views and make political commentary more engaging. Its creators aim to confront societal norms with a blend of humour and critique, demonstrating that political activism can take on many forms, including entertainment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850808_2_65_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850808.2.65.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492264000
5744,08,08,1985,"Some Businessmen Run High Risk Of Catching... (Press, 8 August 1985)","A British specialist has issued a warning about the heightened risk of businessmen contracting AIDS while visiting prostitutes, suggesting this could lead to its spread among the heterosexual community in the Western world. Dr John Harris, a consultant at St Mary’s Hospital in London, made this statement during his attendance at a conference on sexually transmitted diseases in Brighton. He highlighted that businessmen with substantial expense accounts often travel to regions where AIDS is widespread and are known to frequent escort services. This behaviour poses a significant risk, as these individuals could unknowingly transmit the disease to others upon returning home. The concern surrounding AIDS has grown since it was first identified in the homosexual community in the United States. Dr Harris remarked that AIDS is evolving into a heterosexual disease in the Western world, echoing its existing prevalence in parts of central Africa. Although medical professionals are still far from finding a cure, they have made some progress regarding treatment for those infected by the HTLV-III virus that causes AIDS. At the conference, Harvard biochemist William Haseltine warned that AIDS could potentially become the worst epidemic since the Black Death in the 15th century, while reports indicated that between 10 to 20 per cent of individuals infected with the virus developed AIDS. Notably, evidence suggests the virus might also impact brain health. Dr Alvin Glasky from the Newport Institute for Medical Research mentioned promising results from clinical trials aiming to reduce the progression of pre-AIDS cases via a drug called Inosine Pranobex, which might bolster the immune system. In the United States, over 11,350 AIDS cases have been documented, with nearly half resulting in fatalities and an estimated one million Americans believed to be infected. In Western Europe, around 2,000 cases have been reported, including 176 in Britain. Dr Harris pointed out that AIDS has already been established as a heterosexual disease in Zaire and recent studies from East Africa and among New York's prostitutes align with the indication that both genders can contract and transmit the infection. He concluded that evidence from countries such as West Germany, France, and Austria — where approximately 1 per cent of sex workers tested positive for the virus — supports the conclusion that AIDS is increasingly becoming a heterosexual issue, with its presence spreading in the Western world.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850808_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850808.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492264000
5742,08,08,1985,"Woman Douses Preacher (Press, 8 August 1985)","On 7 August 1985, the Rev. Louis Sheldon, an American preacher visiting New Zealand to advocate against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, became the target of a juice dousing at a news conference in Auckland. This incident occurred during a heated exchange with a woman who confronted Sheldon regarding his fundamentalist views on homosexuality, which he characterised as a “disorder.” During the confrontation, Sheldon asserted that a petition against the bill, which had garnered a million signatures, was still a significant concern despite the woman's protests. Frustrated, the woman responded by throwing orange juice at him and subsequently left the scene. Following this event, about 150 demonstrators were escorted by police from a meeting in Glenfield attended by Sheldon, which had to be moved behind locked doors due to the intense situation. In the aftermath, Sheldon expressed that he would not pursue any legal action against the woman who splashed him, suggesting he felt sympathy for her and claimed she was a ""lost soul."" He remarked that the altercation was surprising, especially in a news conference setting. Sandi Hall, representing the Lesbian and Gay Coalitions in Auckland, later clarified the context of the woman's actions, asserting that she had endured significant verbal abuse prior to the incident. Hall indicated that protests would accompany Sheldon during his 10-day tour, reflecting the community’s refusal to tolerate what they viewed as bigotry. Sheldon, 51, who leads the California Coalition of Traditional Values, previously described homosexuality negatively, labelling it a natural perversion, which further inflamed tensions during his campaign against the legislation aimed at reforming homosexual rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850808_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850808.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492264000
5746,09,08,1985,"Mr Mclay Makes Changes To Party’s Spokesmanships (Press, 9 August 1985)","On 9 August 1985, Michael McLay, the Leader of the Opposition in New Zealand, stepped down from his position as the foreign affairs spokesman as part of a reshuffle intended to showcase a different leadership style compared to Prime Minister David Lange. McLay expressed concern over Lange's frequent overseas trips and asserted that a leader should prioritise addressing domestic issues rather than travelling, although he could not quantify the number of Lange's trips or the duration of his absence from the country. In unveiling the new line-up of spokesman roles within the Opposition, McLay aimed to demonstrate a clear differentiation in approach from Lange's leadership. However, the reshuffle highlighted challenges within McLay's caucus, particularly the lack of available members for certain spokesman roles. Former Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon was left without any specific responsibilities, despite having previously indicated a desire not to take on any formal role; he was joined on the back benches by Rob Talbot, who has made plans to retire by the next election but wishes to retain an informal involvement in tourism. Changes within the team saw Junior Opposition Whip Michael Cox stepping back to focus more on his finance responsibilities. The new Junior Whip appointed was Robin Gray, who had been instrumental in the National Party's recent campaign success. Other significant changes included Warren Cooper, a former Foreign Affairs Minister, taking over the foreign affairs portfolio, and Bill Birch assuming responsibility for national development. A new role focusing on family affairs was created for Graeme Lee, known for his opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, expanding his remit into health and social welfare alongside economic and taxation issues. Don McKinnon, previously in charge of labour, has shifted to a role involving state corporations, while George Gair retained responsibilities for labour and employment, with indications that Bruce Townshend might take on more prominent duties in this area. McLay characterised the reshuffle as a subtle adjustment rather than a major overhaul. He clarified that his decision to step down from foreign affairs had been anticipated for some time. Additionally, he noted that John Falloon, the spokesman for overseas trade who was recently hospitalised due to a back complaint, is expected to return to work shortly. Overall, McLay conveyed confidence in the National caucus despite the adjustments within the team.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850809_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850809.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492350400
5747,10,08,1985,"‘Gays’ Possessed By The Devil—opponent (Press, 10 August 1985)","The Rev. Louis Sheldon, a prominent anti-gay rights activist from California, has been touring New Zealand to oppose the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Sheldon, who has a Masters of Divinity from Princeton Theological Seminary and served for 20 years as a Presbyterian minister, believes homosexuality extends beyond human rights issues, framing it as a matter of evil and death. He claims that homosexual acts are ""depraved"" and potentially spread A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), attributing these behaviours to demon possession. Despite acknowledging that many dismiss his concept of demons as irrational, Sheldon fervently defends his views, insisting that true Christian values revolve around life, family, and redemption. He characterises homosexuality as self-destructive and adulterous, suggesting that it leads to death through the spread of A.I.D.S. He controversially equates the impact of A.I.D.S. on the homosexual community to a ""medical holocaust"" that could be worse than the Holocaust experienced by Jews. Brought to New Zealand by the Coalition of Concerned Christians, Sheldon is a seasoned campaigner against what he perceives as the decline of traditional moral values. His opposition to similar legislation in California dates back 11 years when he led efforts to defeat the Adult Consenting Bill. Despite its passage in 1975 by a narrow margin, he has worked tirelessly for its repeal, claiming that the emergence of the A.I.D.S. crisis is a direct result of the acceptance of homosexuality. Sheldon cites statistics indicating that five per cent of the American population identifies as homosexual, with a disproportionate number of A.I.D.S. victims hailing from California. He warns that if New Zealand were to pass the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, the country could face a similar predicament, suggesting that the ""sleeping giant"" of A.I.D.S. could lead to a societal collapse akin to what he perceives has happened in California due to the influence of the gay rights movement. Sheldon believes that New Zealand must prevent this trajectory and holds a public meeting at Majestic House on Manchester Street to further articulate his views.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850810_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850810.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492436800
7384,12,08,1985,"A.I.D.S. Cost ‘enormous’ (Press, 12 August 1985)","Dr David Cooper, an Australian specialist in A.I.D.S., highlighted the significant economic impact of the disease in his recent visit to Auckland, where he was invited by the Blood Foundation of New Zealand. He pointed out that A.I.D.S. primarily affects young individuals, which subsequently affects their ability to contribute tax revenue and support the growing elderly population. Dr Cooper is in New Zealand to attend the forty-first annual meeting of the Institute of Medical Laboratory Technology in Palmerston North. In his discussion, Dr Cooper mentioned that routine blood donor screening began in Australia on May 1, 1985, making it the first country to implement such measures. He noted that it took only a month to evaluate the blood packs and predicts that similar screening procedures will be adopted in New Zealand within two to three months. Dr Cooper reassured the public by stating that there is no evidence that A.I.D.S. can be transmitted through regular social interactions, such as sharing meals or being in the same room as an infected person. He stressed the necessity of two key measures to combat the spread of the disease: Firstly, there is a need for education targeting high-risk groups, particularly bisexual men who are married, as they represent a significant concern in transmission dynamics. He expressed that existing laws against homosexuality hinder effective outreach to these at-risk populations. Secondly, Dr Cooper emphasised the importance of educating the wider community to alleviate fears associated with A.I.D.S., as well as with homosexuals and haemophiliacs. Creating a more informed and accepting environment is crucial for reducing the stigma surrounding the disease and its transmission.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850812_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850812.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492609600
7739,12,08,1985,"Rnz Needs $10m To Get Beyond ‘survival’ Level (Press, 12 August 1985)","On 12 August 1985, Beverley Wakem, the director-general of Radio New Zealand (RNZ), revealed that the organisation needs an additional NZ$10 million from licence fees in order to enhance its services and move beyond merely surviving. During a session of the Royal Commission on Broadcasting in Auckland, Wakem explained that this funding would enable RNZ to establish commercial ZM FM stations in major cities and provincial areas. It would also allow for the expansion of non-commercial services, particularly in the realms of Māori broadcasting, education, Access Radio, and services for Pacific communities. Wakem cited the current financial landscape, indicating that a shortfall in licence fees has left commercial radio networks shouldering a NZ$3 million annual burden to support non-commercial services, which has hindered RNZ's ability to expand. Since 1975, RNZ has significantly reduced its workforce by 19 per cent and implemented programme cuts in an effort to improve its financial standing. The anticipated introduction of a third television channel poses an additional risk, potentially resulting in a loss of NZ$7 million in annual income. The priority for RNZ is to develop ZM FM coverage, with plans to modernise the Concert programme transmission alongside, using the same equipment. Additionally, there are proposals to repurpose vacant AM frequencies to extend coverage for Parliament and to boost broadcasts for Māori, Access, Polynesian, and educational programming, contingent upon new commercial opportunities arising to cover associated costs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850812_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850812.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492609600
6531,13,08,1985,"Baby Injury Case Acquittal (Press, 13 August 1985)","On 13 August 1985, a transsexual individual, Jonathon Craig Ross, now known as Marianne Siouxsie Komene, was acquitted of three charges related to the ill-treatment of a baby girl who suffered brain damage. The trial took place over four days at the High Court in Auckland. After four hours of deliberation, the jury returned with a verdict of not guilty, a decision supported by Mr Justice Chilwell, who shared his own doubts regarding Komene's culpability. Komene, 26, a sickness beneficiary residing in Royal Oak, faced grave allegations. She was accused of causing grievous bodily harm to the child recklessly and intentionally, as well as wilfully ill-treating her while having custody or control over her. The case stemmed from an incident on 13 March when the child was admitted to the hospital exhibiting signs of bruising and a swollen brain, leading to the prognosis of potential profound intellectual handicap. During the court proceedings, Komene confessed to the police that she had injured the baby by shaking or hitting her, claiming she did this to cover for her flatmate, another transsexual, Veronica Morrison. The child had been entrusted to Morrison by her natural mother and was being cared for by both Morrison and Komene at their flat. Komene described her relationship with Morrison as turbulent, portraying Morrison as the dominant figure, akin to a “mother,” while she herself was in a subordinate role. In her testimony, Komene expressed that her admissions to having harmed the baby were motivated by a desire to protect Morrison, whom she believed wanted her to take responsibility for the injuries. She asserted that all the actions she had confessed to were actually things she had witnessed Morrison do to the child. Defending Komene, lawyer Geoff Wells highlighted the absence of evidence directly linking his client to the assault. He emphasised to the jury that it was equally plausible that Morrison was responsible for the child’s injuries. Justice Chilwell further instructed the jury to consider both Komene and Morrison as potential suspects and to remain objective, setting aside any personal biases regarding the individuals involved in this complex situation. Ultimately, the trial exposed not only the tragic circumstances surrounding the child's injuries but also the challenging dynamics within the lives of those caring for her. The outcome left unanswered questions about the responsible party and raised broader issues concerning the treatment of vulnerable individuals in care settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850813_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850813.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492696000
5750,14,08,1985,"Division Surveys Test-tube Births (Press, 14 August 1985)","On 14 August 1985, the Women's Division of Federated Farmers in New Zealand has initiated a campaign to gather the views of rural women regarding the controversial topic of test tube baby technology. Division president, Mrs Elsie McInnes, noted that there has been significant pressure on the organisation to take a stance against artificial reproduction techniques such as artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilisation. However, she indicated that the organisation is unlikely to oppose these methods unless survey results strongly suggest doing so. The division is actively conducting seminars and surveys across various regions, including the Wairarapa district, Tinui, northern Wairoa, and mid Otago. Mrs McInnes highlighted that the concern about reproductive technology primarily stems from a small but vocal sector of society that rejects these advancements, often citing religious beliefs and a preference for “natural birth”. She remarked on the diversity of opinions within the community, stating that many have expressed their views clearly and passionately. The survey developed by the division features a three-page questionnaire that addresses how artificial reproductive technologies impact infertile couples and their potential children. It also includes inquiries about funding and the oversight related to such technologies. Mrs McInnes acknowledged that the rapid advancement of reproductive technologies has caused some members to feel apprehensive. She articulated an understanding of their concerns, recognising that the pace of development in this area is accelerating quickly. In addition to the discussions surrounding reproductive technologies, Mrs McInnes has received correspondence from members who oppose homosexual law reform; however, the division has chosen not to adopt a formal policy on this matter either. This indicates a cautious approach towards various social issues within the organisation, prioritising the compilation of information and feedback from its members before taking a definitive stance. Overall, the Women's Division of Federated Farmers is in the process of gauging rural women's sentiments on reproductive technology, underscoring the complexities and differing opinions that these modern advancements evoke within New Zealand society. The outcome of the survey will play a crucial role in determining the division's position on these pressing matters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850814_2_126.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850814.2.126,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492782400
5749,14,08,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 14 August 1985)","On 14 August 1985, letters published in a newspaper revealed the ongoing debate regarding a proposed bill by Fran Wilde aimed at legalising homosexual practices in New Zealand. One letter, written by Neville M. Rush, recounted a meeting held at the Horticultural Hall where Wilde and a panel advocated for the bill. Rush expressed appreciation for the orderliness of the meeting, in contrast to other events where he felt dissenting voices, particularly from Christians, were often dismissed amid disruptive behaviour from proponents of homosexuality. He highlighted that many Christians attended the meeting, demonstrating civility and respect in their dialogue, which he found lacking in encounters with homosexual activists who he claimed resorted to shouting and indecent conduct. Another letter by Vernon Wilkinson expressed strong opposition to Wilde's bill, positing that its primary intention was to legitimise sodomy, predominantly practised by males. Wilkinson dismissed claims that legalising homosexual practices would aid in the fight against A.I.D.S., referring to existing laws against prostitution that do not effectively combat issues related to sexually transmitted diseases. He voiced concerns that the bill could disrupt family structures and undermine traditional values, drawing parallels to what he viewed as societal degradation stemming from the permissiveness of the 1970s and contemporary advancements like artificial insemination and surrogacy. Wilkinson warned that such legalisation could erode social restraints and contribute to further chaos in family life and sexual relationships. These letters encapsulate the societal tensions of the era surrounding issues of homosexuality, legal rights, and family values, reflecting contrasting perspectives on how legislative changes could impact New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850814_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850814.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492782400
5748,14,08,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 14 August 1985)","On 14 August 1985, members of Parliament in Wellington presented two petitions during a session that began at 2 p.m. Mr T. C. Mallard, representing the Labour Party from Hamilton West, submitted a petition on behalf of Catherine Bennion and 57 other signatories, urging Parliament to reject the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. In another instance, Mr P. T. E. Woollaston, also from the Labour Party and representing Nelson, presented a petition concerning Nelson College, seeking permission to introduce the Nelson College Empowering Bill. During the session, the annual reports from the National Roads Board and the Tourist and Publicity Department were tabled. Ministers addressed a total of five questions for the day as well as 14 questions on notice. The House then transitioned into committee to discuss the committee stages of the Criminal Justice Bill (No. 2), successfully completing this along with the Penal Institutions Amendment Bill (No. 2). The debate on the committee stages of the Education Amendment Bill was interrupted when the House paused for dinner at 5.30 p.m., resuming later at 7.30 p.m. Following the break, the House advanced the Education Amendment Bill through its committee stages. Additionally, the Copyright Amendment Bill and the Powers of Search (Internal Concealment) Bill both progressed to their second readings. The session included the commencement of discussions on the second reading of the Rape Law Reform Bill (No. 2), but this debate was cut short when the House adjourned at 11 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850814_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850814.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492782400
5752,15,08,1985,"‘Degeneracy’ In California (Press, 15 August 1985)","On 15 August 1985, Rev. Louis Sheldon, chairman of the California Coalition for Traditional Values, presented testimony to the Justice and Law Reform Select Committee in New Zealand regarding the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill. His remarks were based on what he described as a decline in societal values since the liberalisation of homosexual law in California over the previous decade. He expressed concerns about homosexual educators potentially entering schools to teach about homosexuality as an alternative lifestyle, although he noted that most school districts maintained traditional values against this approach. Sheldon further illustrated his points by presenting an address book that he claimed could be acquired at adult homosexual or pornographic bookstores across the United States. He stated that the book contained 900 listings where individuals could engage in public homosexual acts, which he used to emphasise his concerns about the implications of the bill. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which was being promoted by the Junior Government Whip, Ms Fran Wilde, aimed primarily to amend legal restrictions on consensual homosexual acts among males aged 16 and older, as well as to outlaw discrimination based on sexual orientation. The bill had sparked significant debate and opposition, with advocates such as Sir Peter Tait and Mr Keith Hay arguing that the matter was of profound importance to New Zealand’s society. They contended that such a significant issue should not be settled by a simple conscience vote among the 95 members of Parliament. They also highlighted that an estimated 750,000 people had signed a petition opposing the proposed changes, reflecting a substantial portion of the population’s disapproval of the reform. The discussions around this bill underscored the deep societal divides regarding issues of sexual orientation and the rights of homosexual individuals within New Zealand during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850815_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850815.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492868800
5753,15,08,1985,"A Gay Devil? (Press, 15 August 1985)","In a letter published on 15 August 1985, Paul Maling critiques the views of Rev. Louis Sheldon, who he perceives as an outdated moralist. Maling argues that Sheldon’s assertion linking homosexuality with the Devil is rooted in medieval beliefs that conflated heresy, witchcraft, and homosexuality. He contends that this perspective is a reflection of superstitious fear and guilt rather than an understanding of sexuality. Maling further objects to Sheldon’s use of terms such as “degeneracy,” “evil,” and “death,” stating that Sheldon fails to differentiate between homosexuality and diseases that may arise from sexual contact. He references Dr Wainwright Churchill, who suggests that those advocating for moral reforms often claim their motivations are rooted in public health concerns, yet such interventions intrude upon personal lives. Maling concludes by emphasising that homosexuality should not be viewed as a distortion of human nature, but rather as a legitimate expression of it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850815_2_89_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850815.2.89.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492868800
5755,15,08,1985,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 15 August 1985)","On 15 August 1985, a series of letters to the editor were published, reflecting varying opinions on the subject of A.I.D.S. and the implications of its advertisement by the New Zealand Aids Foundation. One correspondent, M. Lyons, criticises the long format of the advertisement, arguing that the key message is clear: promiscuity poses significant risks, especially for homosexuals. He quotes Dr Barker, the Director-General of Health, highlighting the need for caution among the ""gay promiscuous person."" Another letter from Keith C. van Kessel, a survivor from German-occupied territory during World War II, takes issue with the advertisement's connections to historical propaganda. He claims that the ad inaccurately links A.I.D.S. information with Nazi propaganda and asserts that the first patients in New Zealand were primarily homosexuals. He expresses concern over the perceived misuse of taxpayer money for such advertisements, calling it ""monkey-business."" Varian J. Wilson's letter questions the narratives surrounding A.I.D.S., particularly the notion that it is not exclusive to the gay community. He argues against Dr David Cooper's comments on the impact of A.I.D.S. on New Zealand's young population and criticises the advertisement's suggestion that behaviour modification among homosexuals is effective. Wilson claims that Bruce Burnett, a prominent figure in the support network for A.I.D.S., did not disclose his condition while engaging with others in the gay community, implying that there was an element of exploitation regarding the fear of A.I.D.S. for political gain. Overall, the correspondence reveals a contentious dialogue about A.I.D.S., public health messaging, and the societal perceptions of homosexuality during the epidemic's early years in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850815_2_89_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850815.2.89.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492868800
5751,15,08,1985,"Effect Of Gay Law On A.ld.s. Unknown (Press, 15 August 1985)","On 15 August 1985, the Health Department presented its views on the potential effects of homosexual law reform on the spread of AIDS to a Parliamentary select committee in Wellington. Dr Ron Barker, the Director-General of Health, addressed the Justice and Law Reform Committee, highlighting the complexity of the issues involved. He indicated that the relationship between legalising homosexual acts and the likelihood of reporting medical treatments for AIDS was difficult to predict. He acknowledged that while making homosexual acts illegal might deter people from seeking help, the opposite argument suggested that legalisation could lead to an increase in homosexual practices and, consequently, a rise in AIDS cases. Dr Barker emphasised that current data in New Zealand was insufficient to conclusively forecast the implications of the proposed changes in legislation on AIDS spread. Despite this uncertainty, he expressed the opinion that the passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill could support efforts in the AIDS campaign, pointing to a joint publicity initiative between the AIDS Foundation and the Health Department that was already underway. During the hearing, committee member Fran Wilde, a Labour MP from Wellington Central, pressed Dr Barker for his views on a controversial suggestion from American morals campaigner Dr Louis Sheldon, who proposed the isolation of AIDS patients in ""leper colonies."" Dr Barker responded by clarifying that the prevalence of infection was extremely low and that any necessary precautions depend on the level of infection, dismissing such proposals as unnecessary. The session experienced some tension, notably when National MP John Banks from Whangarei publicly clashed with Labour MP Bill Dillon, the committee chairman. Banks labelled Dillon an ""idiot"" after Dillon interrupted his questioning of representatives from the Homosexual Law Reform Society. In response, Fran Wilde admonished Banks, stating that he was harassing the society's representatives through his aggressive questioning strategy. This incident highlighted the charged atmosphere surrounding the discussions on the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill and the intersecting issues of public health and societal attitudes towards homosexuality during that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850815_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850815.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492868800
5754,15,08,1985,"Homosexual Law Petition (Press, 15 August 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 15 August 1985, P.A. Muir expressed concern over the actions of three men in Cathedral Square who were soliciting signatures for a petition against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Muir observed that one of the signatories was a young boy, around 10 years old, who signed the petition after being approached in a persuasive manner. The letter critiques the inconsistency of the opponents of the bill, who argue that individuals aged 16 are not capable of making decisions about their own sexuality, yet actively involve young children in their campaign efforts. Muir argues that this contradiction undermines the validity of their petition and highlights the flaws in their arguments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850815_2_89_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850815.2.89.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492868800
7181,15,08,1985,"Tempers Flare In House (Press, 15 August 1985)","On 15 August 1985, an altercation erupted in the New Zealand Parliament during the debate on the Criminal Justice Bill (No. 2). The incident was sparked when Mr J. A. Banks, a National MP from Whangarei, directed the term ""poofter"" at Dr Cullen, the Senior Government Whip. This derogatory term incensed Dr Cullen, who retorted that he would be willing to confront Banks outside. In a show of solidarity, Government members rallied to support Dr Cullen, demanding that Banks retract his statement and apologise. Banks, however, maintained that he believed his use of the term was not offensive, stating rather that it was accurate. Tensions escalated when Dr Cullen warned Banks about the consequences of his remarks, expressing his frustration and threatening to ""knock your block off unless you stand up"" to apologise. The Senior Opposition Whip, Mr McKinnon, attempted to rationalise Banks' response as justified due to earlier provocations from Dr Cullen and another Labour MP, Mr T. C. Mallard, suggesting that the heated exchange had prompted Banks’ reaction, although he himself had not heard the disparaging comment. Meanwhile, the Leader of the House, Mr Palmer, commented that Banks' accusation significantly heightened the risk of disorder in the House. Eventually, Banks stood and withdrew his remark; however, moments later, Dr Cullen crossed to the Opposition's side of the chamber and confronted Banks, thrusting his fist in close proximity to Banks' face. This action led to accusations of assault from the Opposition and a flurry of procedural challenges regarding whether Dr Cullen should be required to apologise for his behaviour. Mr Palmer pointed out that Banks' failure to issue an apology contributed to the tensions and hurt feelings among Government members. Mallard further criticized Banks, indicating that he continued to make offensive gestures even after retracting his comment. Following a brief recess, Dr Cullen returned to the chamber and acknowledged the support from his colleagues while admitting that his own actions had exceeded acceptable behaviour during the proceedings. Subsequently, he withdrew and offered an apology for his conduct.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850815_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850815.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492868800
5756,16,08,1985,"Consultation Central To Health Syllabus (Press, 16 August 1985)","On 16 August 1985, the introduction of a new health programme at Hillmorton High School, the only South Island secondary school testing the syllabus, is drawing attention and controversy. Mrs Maureen Doherty, the programme coordinator, emphasised that schools would complement parents and work collaboratively with them, breaking down barriers between educational institutions and the community. The new syllabus includes units on sex education, which have faced opposition primarily from conservative religious groups. Nine members of Parliament voted against an amendment to the Education Act enabling schools to offer sex education as part of the health programme, provided there is a consensus following consultations with parents. Furthermore, parents retain the right to withdraw their children from these classes. Opposition spokesperson on education, Miss Ruth Richardson, suggested that misinformation has been a driving factor behind the opposition to the bill. Despite the debate, Hillmorton’s sex-education programme has remained consistent over the years, and Mrs Doherty clarified that the new health programme aimed to foster a positive school environment and build self-esteem among students. The syllabus addresses various issues, including puberty, drug and alcohol awareness, and decision-making. While the core sex education components have not changed, the programme aims to adapt the school’s overall climate. The health units are being tailored to meet their community's needs, with an emphasis placed on the importance of parental feedback for any further developments. The health programme also integrates subjects such as life sciences and contemporary studies. These new courses highlight personal development, communication skills, and responsible decision-making, particularly in relation to drug and alcohol awareness. Mrs Robyn Dawson, a science teacher, has been actively involved in developing a unit on drugs and alcohol, including successful after-school sessions for parents to address these issues. Opposition to the health syllabus is notably represented by Mr Neville Rush, director of the Integrity Centre. He argues that the programme represents a broader attempt to undermine traditional moral values associated with the Christian faith, suggesting that the introduction of such education serves to promote a secular humanist agenda that advocates for easier access to abortion, euthanasia, and the decriminalisation of certain behaviours. Mr Rush believes that the Education Amendment Act could lead to introducing various unsuitable materials in schools. Mr Peter Brice, an assistant secretary of the Education Department, responded by stating that any new developments in sex education must undergo the same consultative process and would require amendments to the Education Act before any new content could be included in primary and intermediate education. The ongoing discussions reveal the complexities and tensions surrounding the integration of sex education into school curriculums, reflecting broader societal debates on educational contents and morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850816_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850816.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492955200
5757,16,08,1985,"Los Angeles Outlaws A.I.D.S. Discrimination (Press, 16 August 1985)","On 15 August 1985, the Los Angeles City Council unanimously approved a significant bill aimed at combating discrimination against individuals diagnosed with A.I.D.S. This legislation, one of the first of its kind in the United States, is anticipated to receive swift approval from Mayor Tom Bradley. The new law establishes penalties of up to six months of imprisonment for employers who dismiss employees, refuse to hire individuals, or segregate those with A.I.D.S. Additionally, landlords who deny rental accommodations or attempt to evict A.I.D.S. patients will face similar consequences. Medical practitioners could also face imprisonment if they deny necessary health, dental, or convalescent care to anyone diagnosed with A.I.D.S. or suspected to have the disease. This move comes in light of predictions from medical experts in California, which estimate that A.I.D.S. cases across the United States could reach 70,000 within two years, with 14,000 cases projected for California alone. High-risk groups identified include male homosexuals, drug users, and haemophiliacs. The legislation includes an escape clause stating that its regulations would not apply if public health or safety is at risk. It allows for fines of up to US$10,000 (approximately NZ$18,870), alongside potential jail sentences. Dr Shirley Fannin, head of the city’s communicable disease control unit, reassured the council that A.I.D.S. cannot be spread through casual contact, dispelling public concerns surrounding the disease. Councillor Marvin Braude emphasized the importance of civilised behaviour, stating, “If we want to be a civilised society, we must act like a civilised society.” The bill passed with a vote of 14 to 0. However, the measure faced backlash, as councillor Zev Yaroslavsky reported receiving threatening phone calls related to his support of the bill. He remarked, “I just wish the people who call would leave their telephone numbers.” The bill's sponsor, Joel Wachs, highlighted the urgency of the legislation, stating that individuals grappling with the harsh realities of A.I.D.S. are encountering societal rejection, akin to being treated like lepers. Furthermore, a similar anti-discrimination measure is pending in West Hollywood, a city notable for having a council with a majority of homosexual members. This legislation marks a vital step toward protecting the rights and dignity of those living with A.I.D.S. in Los Angeles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850816_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850816.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,492955200
7114,19,08,1985,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 19 August 1985)","In a letter published in ""The Press"" on 19 August 1985, Keith L. Crump of Wellington responds to comments made by Varian J. Wilson regarding Bruce Burnett, the founder of the A.I.D.S. Support Network, who has passed away. Crump defends Burnett, asserting that those who welcomed him into their homes were aware of his health condition and understood the risks involved. He emphasises that Burnett was upfront about his struggles with A.I.D.S. and took measures to ensure others' safety. Crump, a long-time friend of Burnett, describes him as a man of honour who made significant contributions to society, suggesting that Wilson’s comments unfairly tarnish Burnett’s reputation posthumously. Crump challenges Wilson to provide evidence for his claims, criticizing him for making personal attacks without substantiation, especially against someone who can no longer defend themselves. He urges Wilson to reconsider the impact of his statements on the community and the legacy of Burnett.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850819_2_106_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850819.2.106.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493214400
5759,19,08,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 19 August 1985)","The discourse surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand has drawn significant attention and controversy, particularly highlighted by Reverend Lou Sheldon’s recent advocacy against the bill. During his appearance before the Select Committee, Sheldon suggested the establishment of concentration camps for individuals suffering from AIDS, which sparked outrage among supporters of the bill. He framed his opposition as part of a broader crusade supported by American groups, such as the Moral Majority, which raises concerns over external influences on New Zealand's legislative processes. In the ensuing public debate, letters to the editor reflected various perspectives. Ian Rowland emphasised that the bill represents a crucial human rights issue, urging supporters of racial and sexual equality to back it. He warned that failure to pass the legislation could result in a rise of fundamentalist Christian ideology in New Zealand. Other writers responded to specific critiques of the reform process. Duncan B. highlighted that disruptions at previous meetings advocating for homosexual law reform were a result of being barred from voicing their views, contrasting the open-mindedness of reform supporters with the intolerance exhibited by opponents. He argued that the approach taken by those against the bill was indicative of a broader intolerance towards differing viewpoints. Additionally, D. de G. Lambert noted that the chaos in family dynamics, mentioned by critic Vernon Wilkinson, is not the responsibility of legislators but rather the individuals involved. Lambert argued that many who struggle with concealing their homosexual orientation contribute to familial chaos, suggesting that criticism of homosexual law reform often comes from those grappling with personal issues. B. Roberts argued against Wilkinson's stance that homosexuality should remain illegal but tolerated. He pointed out the dangers associated with such a dual approach, emphasising the need for decriminalisation to encourage homosexuals to seek medical help without fear of persecution. Roberts posited that all of society would benefit if homosexuality were decriminalised, allowing individuals to live openly and contribute positively to public health and awareness. Lastly, Paul Maling contended that legal discrimination against homosexuals is inherently unjust and likened it to outlawing the practices of any religious group. He highlighted the faulty reasoning in arguments against granting legal recognition to homosexuals and called for a more rational discourse on the issue. The ongoing debate reflects deep divisions in New Zealand society regarding sexual orientation and rights, with fervent defenders of reform arguing that legal equality is vital for the protection and acceptance of all individuals, regardless of their sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850819_2_106_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850819.2.106.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493214400
5758,19,08,1985,"Salvation Army Members Disagree On 'gay’ Bill (Press, 19 August 1985)","Concerns have arisen within the Salvation Army regarding its leadership's handling of the homosexual law reform issue in New Zealand, as expressed by members in Wellington and Auckland. On 19 August 1985, it was reported that some lay members felt dissatisfied with the leadership's opposition to the legislation and had begun circulating an internal petition to voice their concerns on the matter. A group of members even submitted a different position to the Parliament’s Statutes Revision Committee, supporting the bill in its current form. The magazine “Battlepoint,” catering to the Salvation Army's student fellowship, published an editorial criticising the leadership for not adequately considering members' opinions or allowing them a voice in significant issues. Clive Luscombe, an Auckland lay member, expressed frustration that the leadership had unilaterally chosen to conduct a national campaign against the bill without consulting the congregation. He reported that although the petition was small in numbers, many members were worried about the lack of inclusive discussions. Some individuals, hesitant to sign the petition, indicated they would prefer to directly contact the Salvation Army’s headquarters to express their concerns. Among those who supported the bill were Professor Max Cresswell, a Victoria University lecturer, and eight other officers and lay members who submitted their support to Parliament. Cresswell stated that he believed the Salvation Army unnecessarily opposed the bill and felt many members were reconsidering their stance as a result. Activists Margaret and Brian Thompson commented on the rights of church members being undermined by the leadership's lack of consultation, and they contacted both the New Zealand headquarters and the international leadership in London to express their objections to the decision made against the anti-homosexual law reform bill. They indicated that they had received supportive communication from Commissioner Cairns, who oversees the army’s operations in the South-East Asia and Pacific region. In response to the criticisms, Major Rodney Knight, the Salvation Army’s public relations secretary, defended the decision-making process by asserting that the organisation’s governance is autocratic and that there is a pre-existing international position on homosexuality that guides their stance. He stated that the discussion surrounding the law reform was not within the purview of individual members, as it ties back to the overarching principles the organisation promotes. Knight conveyed regret that many Salvationists were unaware of the content of the Salvation Army’s submission to Parliament, which could not be disclosed until it had been presented to the select committee for consideration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850819_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850819.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493214400
5760,21,08,1985,"‘Gay’ Law Form Criticised (Press, 21 August 1985)","On 21 August 1985, the secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, Patricia Bartlett, publicly challenged Labour MP Margaret Shields regarding her efforts to gauge public opinion on legal reforms concerning homosexuality. Bartlett accused Shields of not providing complete information to her constituents in Kapiti when she sought their views on proposed changes to the law that would decriminalise sexual acts between consenting males in private. Shields had distributed ballot papers to her constituents, asking whether they supported the legalisation of homosexual acts and whether they believed the age of consent for such activities should be set at 16 years, or adjusted to a younger or older age. She stated that if more than 50 per cent of voters opposed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, she would vote against it; otherwise, she would support the legislation. In response, Bartlett claimed that Shields was misleading her constituents as the ballot papers only presented part of the story. She highlighted that there was no mention of a proposed new crime concerning discrimination based on sexual orientation, which she asserted was a significant aspect of the legislation under consideration. Bartlett's remarks reflected broader societal debates surrounding the acceptance of homosexuality and how legal frameworks could shape public attitudes. This discussion emphasised the tensions between evolving social norms and traditional values at that time in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850821_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850821.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493387200
7675,21,08,1985,"A.i.d.s. Publicity (Press, 21 August 1985)","In a letter published on 21 August 1985, Varian J. Wilson critiques a full-page advertisement from ""The Economist"" titled “Containing A.I.D.S. — four steps,” arguing that it misrepresents the dangers of A.I.D.S. by suggesting an equal risk for both heterosexuals and homosexuals. He suggests that the advertisement would be more honest if it simply advised against homosexual acts, specifically referring to ""buggery."" Wilson expresses concern that the message of behaviour modification endorsed by gay groups, primarily the use of condoms, does not adequately address the issue he sees with sodomy. Further, he comments on the spread of A.I.D.S. in Africa, stating that while the article presents the issue as possibly stemming from dirty inoculation needles, he believes the true cause may be unsafe traditional practices. Specifically, he highlights harmful circumcision methods performed by tribal practitioners, including the dangerous practice of female circumcision. Wilson advocates for universal treatment for all individuals affected by the disease, regardless of their sexual orientation. He calls for penalties against discrimination towards homosexuals, which he describes as an unjust response to a community grappling with a severe health crisis. His letter concludes by emphasising the need for immediate action to combat sodomy, which he claims is beyond the control of certain individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850821_2_106_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850821.2.106.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493387200
5761,21,08,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 21 August 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 21 August 1985, Rosalie Rolls expresses her strong opposition to the proposed homosexual law reform, which she and others argue is being mischaracterised as a human rights bill. Rolls contends that the legislation is rooted in what she describes as a ""human perversion"" rather than a legitimate human right, asserting that it represents an ultimate perversion by promoting a practice that she believes does not contribute to the continuation of the species but rather leads to death. Rolls is critical of the arguments put forth by proponents of the reform, particularly the claim that it is necessary to combat the spread of AIDS, which she dismisses as misleading. She states that there are no effective treatments for the disease, pointing to a lack of solutions and dismissing the idea that the legislation will alleviate human suffering, instead suggesting it will worsen the situation. She invokes fundamental Christian teachings, which are often the focus of criticism from supporters of the reform, arguing that these teachings are based on a divine understanding that promotes mercy. Rolls concludes her letter by asserting that truth is the only force that can genuinely liberate individuals. Overall, her letter reveals a perspective deeply rooted in religious conviction and a belief that legal changes regarding homosexuality will have negative societal implications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850821_2_106_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850821.2.106.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493387200
7281,21,08,1985,"Preparations For A.I.D.S. Spread (Press, 21 August 1985)","The A.I.D.S. Support Network in Christchurch is preparing for a future where A.I.D.S. becomes more prevalent in the community. To facilitate this, the network is organising its second training weekend aimed at individuals interested in counselling A.I.D.S. victims and their families. Mr Ian Smith, one of the coordinators, noted that the inaugural training weekend held earlier in the year attracted 20 participants, with 16 continuing their training. The training programme includes lectures and workshops focused on topics such as death, grief, and how to cope with relatives affected by A.I.D.S. The upcoming training weekend is scheduled for Saturday, 31 August, and Sunday, 1 September 1985, in Christchurch. Ms Kate Leslie, the chairman of the New Zealand A.I.D.S. foundation, will come from Auckland to assist with the workshops. After the weekend training, participants will embark on an eight-week course that will take place one night each week, featuring contributions from professionals like psychologists. Mr Smith emphasised that the network is seeking volunteers from the broader community, as A.I.D.S. is increasingly recognised as an issue that affects more than just the homosexual community. Those interested in the training course are encouraged to contact the network at the phone number 65-865. Since its establishment in Christchurch four months ago, the network has received a steady stream of phone calls from individuals concerned they may have A.I.D.S. or seeking information about the disease. Additionally, some referrals have come from the A.I.D.S. foundation, which operates a toll-free telephone service based in Auckland.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850821_2_176.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850821.2.176,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493387200
5762,22,08,1985,"Inside (Press, 22 August 1985)","On 22 August 1985, Associate Minister of Finance, Mr Caygill, announced a forthcoming change in the funding approach of the Reserve Bank concerning farmers’ stabilisation schemes, marking a notable shift in agricultural policy. In a separate development, Police Commissioner Mr Ken Thomson expressed concerns regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, seeking an exemption from its provisions that prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation in employment. This move raised significant discussions about the implications for the police force and its policies. The Indian Sikh community was in mourning following the assassination of a leader earlier that week, a sentiment echoed by Hindu groups who joined in the grief, indicating a sense of solidarity among the religious communities in New Zealand. A report highlighted the emergence of an unemployment sub-culture in New Zealand. The growing trend prompted concerns about the potential dangers associated with this sub-culture, sparking debates on unemployment and its social implications. At the annual meeting of Dominion Breweries, Ltd, a shareholder proposed an intriguing idea: the company should establish a hotel for shareholders to stay at for free as compensation for the loss of tax-free dividends. This suggestion reflected the shareholders' desire for tangible benefits amidst fiscal changes affecting their returns. In the realm of sports, jockey Paul Richards made a strategic choice for the upcoming T.A.B. treble at Wingatui, deciding to ride Frontiersman instead of Fujiyama. This decision was highlighted as a key move in the racing scene. Additionally, in a significant rugby match, Canterbury triumphed over Waikato with a score of 18 to 13, ending Waikato's home advantage and demonstrating Canterbury’s determination in the division one rugby clash. Overall, various societal issues were coming to the fore in New Zealand, from employment practices to sports, reflecting the dynamic nature of the social and economic landscape in the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850822_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850822.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493473600
5763,22,08,1985,"Police Seek Exemption From ‘gay’ Law (Press, 22 August 1985)","On 22 August 1985, Mr Ken Thompson, the Commissioner of Police, voiced significant concerns regarding the potential impact of the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill on police operations and public trust. In a submission to Parliament's Justice and Law Reform Select Committee, Mr Thompson stated that the bill, which aimed to decriminalise consensual sexual activities for adult males over the age of 16 and to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation, could harm public co-operation with law enforcement. Mr Thompson explained that the effectiveness of the police is closely tied to their acceptability in the community. He expressed fears that if homosexuals were allowed to serve in the police force, it could deter certain members of the public from seeking help from police officers. He highlighted that some individuals might feel uncomfortable or unwilling to interact with a homosexual officer, which could ultimately hinder their willingness to come forward as complainants or witnesses. The Commissioner noted the importance of public trust in various police initiatives, such as the ""blue light"" discos intended for young people. He warned that if the police did not have the ability to control the recruitment of homosexuals, some parents might choose to withdraw their support for such events, affecting the participation of young people. Mr Thompson also raised concerns about the credibility of the police youth aid section and the possible disciplinary issues that might arise if command structures were weakened by this law reform. In conclusion, Mr Thompson argued for an exemption from the proposed anti-discrimination provisions, suggesting that the personal lives of officers could disrupt the professional respect needed within the force and undermine public confidence in police integrity and authority. The concerns articulated by Mr Thompson reflect the broader societal debates around sexual orientation, discrimination, and the role of police in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850822_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850822.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493473600
7160,23,08,1985,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 23 August 1985)","In a letter published in response to a previous article about Bruce Burnett, Varian J. Wilson discusses the confusion surrounding Burnett's diagnosis and its implications. Wilson recounts a conversation with an anonymous caller who claimed that Burnett, who had recently returned to New Zealand, did not have AIDS despite reports indicating that he had been diagnosed with a mild form of the disease. The caller implied that Burnett may have claimed to have AIDS to establish rapport with those seeking counselling, but this point was left unclear. Wilson points out a discrepancy where a news item reported that Burnett had been diagnosed with AIDS shortly before his death, which he believes has led the government to consider funding for a new group related to AIDS support, based on Burnett's advocacy. Wilson expressed concern that misinformation surrounding Burnett's health may have skewed public perception and governmental response regarding the AIDS issue in New Zealand. The discussion underscores the sensitivity and complexities involved in public dialogue about health conditions like AIDS, especially in the context of personal narratives and advocacy. Wilson's letter highlights the need for clarity and accuracy when discussing such serious topics, as misunderstandings can significantly impact funding and support initiatives for affected individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850823_2_98_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850823.2.98.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493560000
6728,23,08,1985,"Lesbian Fails In Suit Against Church Paper (Press, 23 August 1985)","On 22 August 1985, the Massachusetts Supreme Court dismissed a lawsuit totaling US$1.8 million filed by journalist Christine Madsen, who was terminated from her position at the ""Christian Science Monitor"" due to her sexual orientation as a lesbian. The court determined that it would not intervene in ecclesiastical matters, recognising the newspaper's affiliation with the Church of Christ, Scientist. However, the justices indicated that Madsen might have grounds for a case regarding the invasion of her privacy and the emotional distress caused by her former employer. The court's ruling emphasised that Madsen, as an employee and a member of the Christian Scientist faith founded by Mary Baker Eddy in 1866, had a responsibility to adhere to the church's moral code. Madsen started her career at the Boston-based newspaper in 1974 and publicly identified as a lesbian in 1981 after addressing rumours concerning her sexual orientation. Following her announcement, the church advised her to engage in self-healing, which she declined, resulting in her dismissal in January 1982.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850823_2_69_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850823.2.69.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493560000
5765,23,08,1985,"Moral Groups Plan Coalition (Press, 23 August 1985)","On 23 August 1985, reports emerged from Auckland regarding the formation of a coalition of moral groups and Pentecostal churches aiming to replace liberal members of Parliament with those who support traditional values. The initial plans were discussed at a meeting in Auckland, chaired by Mr Keith Hay, a noted opponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, alongside Mr Barry Reed, the press officer for the bill's opposition. This coalition strategy stemmed from successful tactics employed against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and earlier campaigns related to the United Nations women's convention and women's rights forum. The coalition's expansive agenda aims to address various societal issues, including sex education and abortion, alongside the specific concerns raised by the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Attendees at the Christchurch conference, which facilitated the coalition's conception, included representatives from various church organisations, the Concerned Parents Association, the Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child, and Women for Life, along with influential figures such as Mr John Massam, editor of the Christian newspaper “Challenge Weekly.” The facilitator of the coalition, Mr Joe Simmons, a 70-year-old retired evangelical missionary, expressed that he viewed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill as a manifestation of moral decline, sparking his motivation to galvanize support for conservative values. Simmons posited that the coalition would serve as a unifying resource for groups campaigning on moral issues, citing the 800,000 petition signatories as evidence of a substantial need for cohesive leadership. The coalition's objectives include providing resources, speakers, and support for campaigns aimed at countering perceived moral decay. Mr Reed conveyed the vision of a powerful coalition capable of influencing parliamentary elections by unseating MPs who support liberal legislation, viewing the extensive petition as indicative of a significant historical movement within New Zealand that politicians have yet to fully acknowledge. Reed articulated a commitment to halting what he referred to as “immoral legislation” and emphasized the determination of the coalition to mobilise forces across the country. The steering committee plans to gather interest from various groups nationwide, formulate concrete proposals, and ultimately create a robust, unstoppable movement advocating for traditional moral values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850823_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850823.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493560000
5764,23,08,1985,"Police Have No Opinion On 'gay’ Bill (Press, 23 August 1985)","On 23 August 1985, Commissioner of Police Ken Thompson stated that the police administration did not oppose the Homosexual Law Reform Bill currently under review by a Parliamentary select committee. However, he expressed concerns about the potential inclusion of homosexuals within the police force. The bill, which aims to make discrimination based on sexual orientation illegal, has led to mixed reactions from the community. Mr Thompson emphasised that while the police had no specific opinion on the bill itself, they believed public cooperation with law enforcement could be negatively affected if homosexuals were not excluded from the force. He maintained that some people might be uncomfortable with homosexual individuals in positions of authority, and therefore, the police sought an exemption from the proposed discrimination provisions. In contrast, Dr Bob Moodie, the secretary of the Police Association, countered Thompson's assertions by highlighting that there are already homosexuals and lesbians serving in the police without causing problems for the public. He argued that the fears articulated by the police administration were unfounded. Thompson acknowledged the backlash against police submissions to the select committee, recognizing that it reflected deep divisions within society regarding homosexuality. He described the police's situation as a ""no win"" one, stating that the executive must make decisions that preserve police morale and ensure public service, which may not align with either liberal or conservative viewpoints. Instead, the police might have to navigate a path that represents the more moderate majority opinion. Furthermore, Thompson pointed out that there remains significant concern among parents regarding the presence of homosexuals in authority figures, as evidenced by strong public feedback relating to the age of consent discussions. He concluded that until these societal fears are resolved, it was essential for the police to uphold their position regarding the inclusion of homosexuals in the force.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850823_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850823.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493560000
5766,23,08,1985,"The Press Friday, August 23, 1985. Aid For... (Press, 23 August 1985)","On 23 August 1985, a report highlighted the ongoing concern surrounding acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.), comparing its impact to historical pandemics like the Black Death. While the disease has elicited alarm due to rising death tolls, particularly in the United States, where approximately 5,000 deaths have been reported, the realities in countries such as New Zealand are less dire, with only a few deaths linked to overseas infections in a population of over three million. Similarly, in Britain, around 100 deaths have occurred among 56 million people. Despite the relatively low number of reported cases—around 12,000 in the U.S.—experts estimate that up to a million individuals may be infected, prompting concerns about the disease's serious implications. Identified as a distinct illness only four years prior to the report, A.I.D.S. is notably resistant to current medical treatments, contributing to fear and panic in affected regions, notably California. The uncertainty surrounding the disease's characteristics and its progression has led to various theories and public debate involving moral, religious, and practical arguments. Medical advances have been made in understanding A.I.D.S., particularly with the isolation of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 3 (HTLV-3) as its cause. Infection primarily occurs through blood, and a screening test has been developed to maintain the safety of blood and blood products for transfusions. New Zealand is considered to be in a relatively advantageous position to manage the disease, utilising knowledge from overseas to control potential outbreaks. The report emphasised that avoiding high-risk behaviours, such as sexual promiscuity and intravenous drug use with shared needles, significantly lowers the risk of contracting A.I.D.S. It underscored the importance of public health initiatives aimed at educating high-risk groups about infections and promoting screening. The New Zealand Government has initiated a publicity campaign to increase awareness and understanding of A.I.D.S., aiming to combat ignorance and associated fears. The article concluded that promoting accurate information about A.I.D.S. is crucial to prevent irrational fears, misinformation, and potential discrimination against affected individuals. The standpoint is clear: a collective effort is necessary to limit the spread of A.I.D.S., and informed individuals will be better prepared to safeguard their health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850823_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850823.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493560000
6941,24,08,1985,"Dreams Amid Sexploitation (Press, 24 August 1985)","""God, He Was Good"" by J. K. Klavas, published in 1985, is a poignant novel that centres around a group of young American women working as cosmeticians and acrylic nail technicians in a struggling navy town in Virginia. The setting, referred to as “La Boudoir,” serves as more than just a beauty salon; it becomes a sanctuary where these women share their lives, aspirations, and disappointments during brief interludes between client appointments. In this salon environment, they delve into discussions about their dim love lives and the harsh realities they face, reflecting on their experiences with a male-dominated society that often subjects them to exploitation. These women, often uneducated and vulnerable, find themselves ensnared in a bleak existence, surrounded by a crude male element that seeks entertainment in degrading spectacles. The story explores the personal lives of several women, each coping with their own trials. Dolores dreams of rising to the position of manageress at La Boudoir while grappling with the memories of her past relationship with Phil and her responsibilities as the mother of their daughter, Rosemary. Claudine’s struggles revolve around her handicapped son, Johnny, and her daughter, Michelle, as she fights to provide a better life for them. Additionally, Sheila, who is three months pregnant, navigates the challenges of an unplanned pregnancy while holding onto the hope of a future marriage to her undercover cop boyfriend. Amid the struggles and squalor, the salon atmosphere offers a serene backdrop where the women can lower their guards, allowing for moments of connection and vulnerability, often accompanied by the soothing sounds of love songs on the radio. Klavas draws from her upbringing in her grandmother's salon in Norfolk, Virginia, to infuse authenticity into the narrative. While the novel does not shy away from depicting the dark and often callous nature of human interactions, it is ultimately underpinned by an enduring sense of compassion and resilience. The women’s gritty determination to hold onto whatever semblance of dignity and hope they can amidst their difficult circumstances serves as a testament to the indomitable spirit of humanity. Through its emotional depth and nuanced character development, ""God, He Was Good"" presents a reflection on the struggles of women navigating a challenging world while seeking connection and grace.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850824_2_102_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850824.2.102.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493646400
5769,24,08,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 24 August 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 24 August 1985, A. H. Gardner expresses concern over the frequent correspondence by Varian J. Wilson regarding homosexuality and related topics. Gardner highlights that Wilson has submitted 17 letters since March, frequently using terms such as ""obsessive-compulsive"" to describe his thoughts. The writer questions the intensity of Wilson's focus on this subject, suggesting that it raises questions about Wilson's own mental state. A. H. Gardner urges Wilson to briefly explain the reasons behind his strong feelings towards homosexuality before he follows through on his pledge to cease writing on the topic, as stated in his previous correspondence on 10 June. The letter reflects Gardner's curiosity about Wilson's perspectives and motivations, calling for clarity on the matter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850824_2_99_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850824.2.99.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493646400
7115,24,08,1985,"Homosexuals And Police (Press, 24 August 1985)","In August 1985, a concern was raised regarding the attitudes of the police force towards the inclusion of homosexuals. The Commissioner of Police expressed doubts about the public's ability to accept openly gay members within the police, which sparked a significant backlash from certain members of the public. A letter from Alison Mary highlighted that the police should be conscious of the presence of many law-abiding homosexuals in the community. She questioned how these individuals would feel when faced with a police force that might uphold homophobic views, emphasising the need for police representation that reflects society’s diversity. In another letter published shortly before on August 22, 1985, contributors C. Oliver, G. Munsig, P. Wood, G. Hansen, P. Woodward, B. Cromie, P. Leith, and C. Daellenbach expressed their astonishment at Mr Thompson's remarks regarding the exclusion of homosexuals from the police service. They argued that police recruitment should be based on competence and ability rather than sexual orientation. Furthermore, they asserted that the police should model tolerance and respect for all community members, advocating for a more inclusive and understanding approach from law enforcement. The letters indicate a growing dialogue around the rights of homosexuals and the expectation of equality and respect within public service roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850824_2_99_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850824.2.99.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493646400
5767,24,08,1985,"Part ‘gay’ Law Reform Likely (Press, 24 August 1985)","The ongoing efforts to reform New Zealand's laws regarding homosexuality are capturing significant public interest and parliamentary attention, as discussed in an article published on 24 August 1985. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill is currently under review by a Parliamentary select committee, which is gathering opinions and evidence from the public. When the bill returns to Parliament, it will be subjected to a free vote by members, allowing them to act according to their personal convictions rather than party lines. Among the 94 members of Parliament, three distinct groups have emerged regarding their stance on the proposed reforms. The smallest group, including key advocate Fran Wilde, seeks full adoption of the bill's reforms, which aim to legalise consensual sexual acts between adult males. Conversely, the opposing faction, led by National Party members Graeme Lee and Norman Jones, entirely rejects any form of reform and has campaigned against it through a national petition. The largest segment consists of members who express mild or ambiguous opinions on the topic, avoiding public declarations of their beliefs. This group has conducted private polling in their electorates, reflecting a reluctance to disrupt their political careers by taking a firm stance on a contentious issue. Critics outside Parliament have expressed discontent with these members for not publicly articulating their views, but many of these MPs prioritise maintaining broad principles of representation over strong individual opinions. The article also notes that a Christchurch man has solicited the views of all MPs on the reform, revealing a mix of responses with a slight majority indicating support for some level of reform. The most likely outcome seems to be the legalisation of consensual sexual acts among males aged 20 years or older, aligning with existing legal frameworks for heterosexual relationships. However, the legislation's proposal to classify homosexual acts as equal to heterosexual acts is expected to face resistance from a majority of MPs. Additionally, the bill seeks to amend existing Human Rights legislation to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation, further proposing to classify non-consensual acts between males as rape. Yet, it appears unlikely that the bill will eliminate all legal distinctions between homosexual and heterosexual acts as intended, leading to a probable scenario of modest reforms instead of comprehensive ones. In summary, while there is a burgeoning recognition of the need for change in the approach to homosexual law in New Zealand, the actual implementation of such reforms may be limited as various MPs navigate their political affiliations and public sentiment. The final vote on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill will ultimately reveal the Parliament's stance on these pressing social issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850824_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850824.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493646400
5768,24,08,1985,"The Press Saturday, August 24, 1985. No Moral... (Press, 24 August 1985)","An article published on 24 August 1985 discusses the challenges and implications of a perceived moral decline in society, particularly in the context of a rising coalition between the moralistic Right and Pentecostal churches. This coalition advocates for the replacement of ""liberal"" members of Parliament with those who hold ""traditional"" views. The author argues that defining what constitutes “liberal” versus “traditional” values is complex and subjective. They criticise the single-issue approach to politics driven by fundamental Christian beliefs, suggesting it is not a sustainable solution to the societal issues named in their discourse, such as personal greed and moral decay. The author posits that the root problem is not merely the vices commonly identified, but rather a more profound issue: the belief in the potential for perfecting humanity through political power. They assert that true salvation cannot be achieved through political means, nor can morality be imposed by legislation. Instead, they advocate for persuasion through education and positive example. The text argues against the coalition's presumption that its moral viewpoints are the correct ones, suggesting that such attitudes could lead to division and resentment among differing perspectives. The article further claims that while Christians must engage in moral judgement within their civic responsibilities, it is crucial to recognise that political views among sincere Christians can widely differ. It emphasises the importance of moral judgement as a personal rather than a collective phenomenon, warning that attempts to unify diverse political thoughts under a singular moral banner would likely lead to animosity. Moreover, the author highlights that the State has a role in promoting morality broadly but must not attempt to embody a secular religion. Parliament's primary responsibility is to govern effectively rather than enforce spiritual or moral standards onto individuals. The article concludes with the assertion that the well-being of society relies on individuals managing their own moral lives and making personal choices, rather than delegating these responsibilities to the State, which the author views as a sign of collective decline rather than responsibility.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850824_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850824.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493646400
5771,26,08,1985,"Coalition Of ‘moral Groups’ (Press, 26 August 1985)","In a letter published on 26 August 1985, Andrea Black expresses her concern regarding the actions of certain ""moral groups"" in New Zealand. These groups are contemplating the formation of a coalition aimed at opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, based on the assertion that a ""committed minority can always overthrow a halfhearted majority."" Black criticises these groups for abandoning essential Christian principles, such as tolerance and compassion, and warns against the dangers of a narrow-minded interpretation of scripture. She believes it is alarming that such groups would seek to impose their views on the wider population, which she implies does not support their stance. Black's letter highlights the tension between differing societal values and the potential implications for legislation concerning homosexual rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850826_2_79_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850826.2.79.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493819200
5772,26,08,1985,"Homosexuals And Police (Press, 26 August 1985)","On 26 August 1985, two letters addressing the Commissioner of Police, Mr Ken Thompson, were published, expressing strong opposition to his views on the exclusion of homosexuals from the Police Force. The first letter, by Fred Albert, critiques Thompson's invocation of stereotypes related to homosexuals, specifically referencing concerns that parents may have about their children attending police-organised “blue light” discos. Albert argues that such fears neglect the reality that the majority of child molestations are committed by heterosexual men, not homosexuals. He emphasises that the police should represent and serve the entire community, including both gay and straight members. The second letter, from Marnie Barrell, echoes this sentiment of disapproval, stating her distress over Thompson's stance on homosexual law reform. Barrell asserts that public trust in the police is predicated on their impartiality and fair treatment of all community members, irrespective of their sexual orientation. She criticises Thompson’s homophobic views and suggests that his ignorance and prejudice have significantly eroded her confidence in the police force more than any personal disclosures regarding police officers' sexual orientation could. Both letters highlight a growing discourse at the time regarding the treatment of homosexuals in New Zealand, particularly in respect to their rights and roles in public service, underscoring concerns over discrimination and the necessity for inclusivity within the police.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850826_2_79_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850826.2.79.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493819200
5770,26,08,1985,"Making It Happen (Press, 26 August 1985)","The article from 26 August 1985 discusses the emergence and support of a group called H.U.G. (Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays) in Christchurch, which was initially established in Auckland earlier in the year. The group advocates for the decriminalisation of male homosexuality and aims to mitigate the prevalent fears surrounding the LGBTQ+ community. Fred Albert, the secretary in Christchurch, highlights that approximately 10 percent of the community faces discrimination based on sexual orientation, framing the issue as one of human rights that affects everyone. H.U.G. seeks to challenge the fears and myths associated with the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, believing that opposition to the bill stems from deep-seated emotional responses rather than factual reasoning. The group's inaugural meeting attracted around 60 attendees and is experiencing growing interest, with a follow-up meeting scheduled for later that evening. The article also features Jill Wilcox, who reminisces about her upbringing in a close-knit country town. In a bid to replicate the warmth and community spirit of her childhood, she has initiated a programme called “Simply Sharing.” Through this programme, she visits various venues such as hospitals and schools, sharing poetry, songs, and engaging stories. Her passion for poetry began at a young age, and she has used it as a means of coping with life's challenges. Jill invites participants to share personal stories, creating an open platform for dialogue and connection, although she remains flexible in her approach based on audience engagement. In addition, the article touches on the issue of infertility, estimating that one in ten couples face infertility challenges, while one in five desire larger families but are unable to achieve this. The Christchurch Infertility Society, comprising about 80 couples dealing with infertility, focuses on finding solutions, including methods like artificial insemination by donor (A.I.D.). An open meeting is scheduled to discuss infertility treatment trends and options, with expert Charles Stewart providing insights from the UK. The event, welcoming both members and non-members, aims to raise awareness and support for those grappling with infertility. The column concludes with an invitation for readers to submit content to Glenys Walker for future editions of the Home and People Page in ""The Press.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850826_2_69_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850826.2.69.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493819200
7676,28,08,1985,"“no Moral Utopia” (Press, 28 August 1985)","In a series of letters published in response to an editorial titled “No moral Utopia,” various individuals expressed their concerns regarding societal morals and values. Jill Wilcox emphasised that those who pride themselves on their righteousness can be more damaging to society than those who acknowledge their imperfections. She argued that a healthy society relies on its citizens’ capacity for growth, love, and creativity, encouraging acceptance of differences rather than judgement. Eelen Priestley voiced alarm over the potential coalition of moral groups threatening the freedoms women have gained over the last century. She warned that complacency following the Decade for Women could lead to a regression to outdated legal conditions like coverture, where married women had no legal identity apart from their husbands. Priestly called for vigilance among women to protect their rights and recognised the ongoing struggle for gender equality. Neville M. Rush critiqued journalists and editorials for neglecting objective truth and accused them of ignoring the concerns of the conservative majority. He claimed that crime and violence are rising due to society’s abandonment of traditional values such as honesty and loyalty. Rush argued that while there is no expectation of achieving perfection through politics, it is crucial for political power to serve the nation’s good rather than be exercised by those he termed immoral, seeking to impose a godless philosophy. The letters reflect a broader societal debate regarding morality, individual freedoms, and the influence of traditional values in New Zealand during 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850828_2_112_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850828.2.112.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493992000
7116,28,08,1985,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 28 August 1985)","In a letter to the editor published in ""The Press"" on 28 August 1985, Keith L. Crump defended the late Bruce Burnett against accusations made by Varian J. Wilson. Crump took issue with claims made during Wilson's telephone conversation that sought to undermine Burnett's credibility and work. He argued that since Burnett had passed away and could not defend himself, it was important for him to speak out on behalf of his late friend. Crump noted that he had a strong understanding of Burnett's relationships and work due to their friendship and his connections with Burnett's associates and colleagues. He strongly asserted that Burnett did not mislead the gay community regarding his health status, specifically that he did not falsely claim to suffer from AIDS. Crump concluded by inviting readers to form their own opinions on the matter while indicating that he would not continue the correspondence on this topic. The editor of the publication acknowledged this letter while stating that further correspondence regarding Bruce Burnett was closed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850828_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850828.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493992000
5773,28,08,1985,"Psychologists Asked To Support Bill (Press, 28 August 1985)","At its annual meeting in Christchurch on 30 August 1985, the New Zealand Psychological Society will be approached to support the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This initiative comes from the Women Psychologists Interest Group, which consists of 30 psychologists from Australia and New Zealand. The group convened during the inaugural joint conference of the Australian and New Zealand Psychological Societies at the University of Canterbury. A spokesperson for the group, Ms Julie Helean, articulated their stance against the perception of homosexuality as an illness or disorder. She emphasised the responsibility of women psychologists to combat biases against homosexuality and to promote acceptance of lesbian and gay lifestyles. The group intends to propose a remit at the upcoming meeting, urging the New Zealand Psychological Society to back the proposed law reform. During their meeting, the group focused on sharing skills and engaging in discussions on various topics. The support for homosexual law reform reflects a growing acknowledgment within the psychological community of the need to challenge prevailing prejudices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850828_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850828.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,493992000
5774,29,08,1985,"Former All Black ‘unafraid Of Gays’ (Press, 29 August 1985)","On 29 August 1985, a local figure, Mr. Gray, expressed his astonishment at the ongoing opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. He highlighted the paradox of people denying freedoms to others despite enjoying those same freedoms themselves. Mr. Gray referred to a circular he had received that labelled supporters of the reform as unpatriotic, further intensifying his disbelief at the social climate surrounding the issue. Mr. Gray, a former All Black rugby player who now farms in Plimmerton, indicated that his involvement with the Human Rights for Gay Men and Women (H.U.G.) group stemmed from his attendance at one of its meetings at the Wellington Town Hall. He was particularly moved by the speech of Professor Lloyd Geering, who presented a rational perspective on the topic, stripping away the emotionalism that often clouded discussions around the Homosexual Law Reform Bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850829_2_136.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850829.2.136,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494078400
7117,29,08,1985,"Untitled (Press, 29 August 1985)","Ken Gray, a former All Black prop, expressed his views on homosexuality during a meeting of Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays held in Paremata, north of Wellington. Gray, who made headlines in 1970 for withdrawing from an All Black tour of South Africa in protest against apartheid, continues to advocate for social issues, now focusing on the acceptance of homosexuals. He conveyed that he is unafraid of gay individuals and advocates for a more understanding and inclusive society. His remarks have sparked discussion surrounding attitudes towards homosexuality, reflecting a shift in societal perceptions and the ongoing discourse on the rights and acceptance of the LGBTQ+ community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850829_2_137.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850829.2.137,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494078400
5775,30,08,1985,"“No Moral Utopia” (Press, 30 August 1985)","In response to Neville M. Rush's criticism of the editorial ""No moral Utopia,"" published on 24 August 1985, Letitia B. Onions from Wellington expresses concern that Mr Rush's fears of a supposed ""alien and godless philosophy"" from humanists are ironically mirrored by the fears humanists have about fundamentalists such as Mr Rush. Onions argues that the fundamentalist movement's goals lack genuine morality and connection to God. M. T. Moore also weighs in on the debate, addressing Rush's portrayal of anyone who disagrees with him as complicit in societal issues. He references a letter from Jill Wilcox that effectively counters Rush's views. Moore questions the understanding of the ""750,000 ordinary people"" Rush claims opposed to homosexual law reform, suggesting that many of these individuals may be young and subject to adult pressure regarding their signatures. Despite Rush's assertion that 2,426,790 New Zealanders identified as believers in God and traditional values in the 1981 census, Moore highlights that this still leaves nearly one million people who may be indifferent or have more liberal beliefs. He argues that this nearly 30 percent of the population cannot be rightfully deemed ""immoral, subversive, or alien"" as Rush suggests. These letters reflect the tension surrounding discussions on morality and the perceptions of religious and secular groups in New Zealand during this period. The debate underscores the societal divides over beliefs and values, suggesting that differing interpretations of morality are central to the ongoing discourse around these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850830_2_92_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850830.2.92.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494164800
5778,31,08,1985,"Health Director Gives Advice On How To Avoid... (Press, 31 August 1985)","In a statement issued on 31 August 1985, Dr Ron Barker, the Director-General of Health, provided insights on how to avoid A.I.D.S., emphasising that the disease is not easily transmitted and highlighting effective preventive measures. He asserted that casual contact, such as wet kisses or respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes, does not pose a risk for transmission. Dr Barker explained that sex partners, whether homosexual or heterosexual, can remain safe if they refrain from outside sexual contacts. He advised that individuals with multiple partners should use condoms to mitigate risks. He highlighted that anal intercourse is riskier compared to vaginal intercourse, particularly for the partner being penetrated, and considered oral intercourse to be highly risky in promiscuous environments. He emphasised the dangers of shared needles among drug users, which he suggested likely contributed to the spread of A.I.D.S. in the United States, resulting in over 11,000 reported cases at that time. Although significant research efforts into A.I.D.S. have been undertaken globally, Dr Barker acknowledged that knowledge gaps remain about the disease. Nonetheless, he expressed confidence that A.I.D.S. would not spread explosively in New Zealand, noting the nation's health services were adequately equipped to manage potential cases. Preventive strategies by the Health Department will focus on altering sexual behaviours through public education, testing for A.I.D.S. virus infection, and providing counselling for those who test positive or are at risk. Dr Barker stressed the challenge in persuading individuals to change their sexual practices, suggesting that educating young people about safe practices before they become sexually active would be more effective. A.I.D.S. is concentrated in blood and semen, with Dr Barker noting that all documented cases in the U.S. were linked to either sexual contact or shared needles. Although the virus is also present in tears, sweat, and urine, these fluids contain insufficient concentrations to spread the disease. He indicated that minor injuries could theoretically allow for transmission but stated that actual cases had yet to be identified in this manner. Dr Barker pointed out that the low infectivity of A.I.D.S. is illustrated by the lack of infected healthcare workers despite frequent exposure to A.I.D.S. patients prior to the disease being identified. He indicated that a significant transfer of infected blood is necessary for transmission, which is not likely from casual contact. Transmission likelihood also correlates with the number of sexual partners, with certain sexually liberated groups overseas experiencing rapid spread. New Zealand has reported cases of the A.I.D.S. virus from imported blood products, though all current blood products are heat-treated for safety. Looking forward, the Health Department plans to introduce A.I.D.S. testing at blood banks and hospitals by the end of September 1985, with testing available for free. Dr Barker expressed uncertainty regarding the potential economic impact of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand but remained hopeful that the spread would be more contained compared to other countries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850831_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850831.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494251200
5776,31,08,1985,"Labour Warned Of ‘right-wing Fundamentalists’ (Press, 31 August 1985)","During the Labour Party's annual conference held in Christchurch on 30 August 1985, President Margaret Wilson warned attendees about a concerted effort by New Zealand's Right-wing fundamentalists, claiming they were mirroring their American counterparts by establishing a front organisation. Wilson highlighted that the fundamentalists had typically focused on moral issues but were now broadening their scope, specifically targeting the Government's anti-nuclear stance. She drew connections between local fundamentalists and the American Moral Majority, an influential group backing President Reagan’s pro-nuclear policies. Wilson noted that many anti-homosexual reform materials circulating in New Zealand had origins in the United States. Fran Wilde, MP for Wellington Central and a proponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, voiced concerns regarding the influence of American Right-wing groups in New Zealand. She asserted that these organisations had openly threatened to target local politicians and suggested that several New Zealand activists had received training in propaganda techniques in the United States. Wilde contended that a coalition of Right-wing fundamentalists was forming locally, driven in part by the League of Rights, which had spearheaded campaigns against progressive policymaking. Wilde expressed apprehension about how various fringe groups, such as concerned parents’ associations, were the result of similar extremist factions, positing that these groups would manipulate individuals advocating for single issues to serve their broader agendas against the Labour Government. She remarked on the emotional appeal of the homosexual law reform issue, stating that those in challenging economic situations often resort to scapegoating visible minority groups, including the LGBTQ+ community, ethnic minorities, and women seeking employment. Responding to these allegations, National Party Leader Mr McLay dismissed claims that his party had sought support from fundamentalist groups. He asserted that the National Party did not rely on such alliances and denied any direct engagement with them. However, Labour MP Geoffrey Braybrooke challenged the notion of a link between New Zealand fundamentalists and the Moral Majority, arguing that many Labour members opposed the homosexual law reform and suggesting that attributing their views to a new Right-wing coalition was unfounded. Braybrooke acknowledged that the discourse around the homosexual law reform bill was polarising society and political parties in New Zealand. He warned that continued advocacy for policies contrary to Christian doctrines might pave the way for the emergence of a new political party reminiscent of Christian Democratic parties abroad. Braybrooke observed a growing unease regarding homosexual law reform and other liberal initiatives being pushed by certain politicians, predicting that these sentiments could potentially lead disenchanted constituents to align with an emerging opposition party possessing similar ideologies. In summary, the conference underscored a clash between progressive and conservative elements within New Zealand politics, particularly in relation to the proposed homosexual law reforms and the evolving role of Right-wing fundamentalist groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850831_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850831.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494251200
5777,31,08,1985,"Psychologists Favour 16 As Age Of Consent (Press, 31 August 1985)","The New Zealand Psychological Society has endorsed the proposed age of consent of 16 years in the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, as articulated by the society’s president, Dr Aloma Colgan, during a statement made in Christchurch on 30 August 1985. Dr Colgan remarked that sexual feelings and orientation are typically established before adolescence, and that adult sexual activities usually occur several years after individuals become aware of these feelings and preferences. She emphasised that the majority of child sexual abuse is perpetrated by heterosexual men rather than homosexual individuals. Dr Colgan pointed out that public concern regarding child abuse and seduction by adults should be more appropriately directed towards existing laws concerning rape, incest, and the indecent assault of children. She asserted that the proposed legal changes concerning homosexuality would neither enhance nor diminish the protection available to children. Dr Colgan’s remarks were made following a successful joint conference held by the Australian and New Zealand psychological societies, marking the first time the two organisations convened together. Mr Neville Blampied, one of the conference organisers, highlighted the event's success, noting that it attracted 425 registrants, approximately 75 more than anticipated. This conference is seen as a potential catalyst for increased collaboration between the two societies in the future. Many participants are considering attending the Australian society’s next conference in Townsville the following year. A notable session at the conference was a symposium on peace, which underscored the New Zealand Psychological Society's stance against nuclear armaments that it had adopted three years prior. This topic was presented as a significant aspect of the conference discussions, reaffirming the society’s commitment to addressing pertinent social issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850831_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850831.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494251200
7677,02,09,1985,"‘no Moral Utopia’ (Press, 2 September 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 2 September 1985, Neville M. Rush raises several inquiries regarding the fundamentalist lobby, specifically questioning their stated aims as referenced by Letitia B. Onions. He expresses interest in understanding what these aims entail. Rush also comments on a statement made by M. T. Moore about young people signing a petition against the legalisation of sodomy, asking for clarification on the number of signatures collected—whether it was one per hundred or one per thousand. Furthermore, he challenges the assertion that the 24 per cent of the population who are indifferent or free thinkers are not immoral or subversive, questioning the source of crime, violence, and immorality in society if this demographic is deemed largely innocent. He concludes the letter by expressing that he believes readers will be eager to see Moore's responses to his queries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850902_2_116_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850902.2.116.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494424000
5779,02,09,1985,"Conference Gives Boost To ‘gay’ Law Reform (Press, 2 September 1985)","At the Labour Party's annual conference in Christchurch on 1 September 1985, advocates for homosexual law reform gained significant support. Delegates voted in favour of a remit calling for the repeal of all laws that prohibit consensual homosexual acts between males aged over 16. The conference urged the Government to extend protections under the Human Rights Commission Act and the Bill of Rights to include discrimination based on sexual orientation. However, an attempt to make the conference's decision binding on Labour MPs did not pass. In addition to issues regarding homosexual law reform, delegates discussed various justice-related matters. They supported establishing independent mechanisms to investigate complaints of police misconduct and abuse of power. Furthermore, there was a call for a thorough review of police equipment, specifically the use of long batons, riot gear, firearms, and the structure of team policing units. In a move that appeared to target the New Zealand Rugby Union, delegates agreed that organisers of commercial sports events requiring significant police presence should cover the associated costs and compensate for any damage caused to property. Lastly, the conference held a closely contested vote that resulted in the approval of a remit recommending the drinking age be lowered from 20 to 18. This series of decisions underscored a commitment to address both social justice issues and public safety reforms within the party's agenda.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850902_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850902.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494424000
5780,02,09,1985,"Teachers Support Colleagues (Press, 2 September 1985)","On 2 September 1985, the Post-Primary Teachers’ Association (PPTA) in Wellington held its annual conference where secondary school teachers unanimously supported an initiative to explore the rights of homosexual and lesbian staff members. The conference resolved to form a group comprising self-identified homosexual and lesbian teachers to examine the issue and present findings at the following year's conference. A significant point was raised by Auckland teacher Lena Orum, who highlighted the struggles faced by homosexual educators, stating that many felt compelled to ""become invisible"" due to societal pressures. Orum expressed concern that this situation posed an infringement on the human rights and dignity of association members, as it forced them to hide their true identities. She further pointed out that homosexual and lesbian teachers experienced challenges in career advancement and often endured derogatory remarks in the workplace. Orum also mentioned that it was not uncommon for staff members to make insensitive comments about homosexuality in the presence of students, which contributed to a hostile environment. The recommendation to investigate and address the rights and protections of homosexual teachers was passed without any opposition, indicating a strong consensus among the attendees regarding the need for reform and support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850902_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850902.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494424000
5781,03,09,1985,"A.I.D.S. Testing For Prisoners (Press, 3 September 1985)","A.I.D.S. testing has commenced at Mount Eden Prison in Auckland, providing an opportunity for inmates who feel at risk to get tested. Several prisoners have opted to undergo testing, and all results thus far have returned negative, as confirmed by prison superintendent Mr Humphrey Stroud. He highlighted the challenge of managing contagious diseases in the prison, which accommodates approximately 5,000 individuals annually, but noted that A.I.D.S. has not yet posed a problem within the facility. The prison’s medical officer is currently formulating a response plan in case an inmate tests positive for the virus. Last week, an A.I.D.S. seminar organised by the Probation Service discussed preventive measures, including the provision of clean needles to drug-using inmates to mitigate the risk of the disease spreading. Ms Kate Leslie, chairperson of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, emphasised the crucial need for easily accessible condoms for homosexual acts within prisons, though she observed that incarceration facilities have not yet implemented this. Ms Leslie pointed out that prisons are particularly vulnerable to A.I.D.S. since the presence of just one infected person could put the entire inmate population at risk. In contrast, A.I.D.S. testing has not yet been initiated in Christchurch prisons. Dr G. A. Shanks, who provides medical care at Paparua Prison, expressed surprise that testing kits were available in Auckland, as he has not received any for use in Christchurch. He remains eager for the testing kits to become available in his region, recognising the high-risk nature of prisons concerning the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850903_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850903.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494510400
5783,03,09,1985,"Gay Task Force Holds Talks (Press, 3 September 1985)","On 3 September 1985, the Gay Task Force raised concerns about anti-gay campaigners in New Zealand who were allegedly sending local fundamentalists to the United States for training in tactics employed by the Moral Majority, a prominent conservative Christian political organisation. This revelation emerged during a weekend conference held in Wellington, which was attended by approximately 160 homosexual men and women. The conference served as a platform to discuss various issues, including the influence of American-based religious extremism on local anti-homosexual campaigns. Activist Alison Laurie informed attendees that at least three fundamentalists from New Zealand had travelled to the United States for this purpose. She highlighted that one individual, now actively working against homosexual law reform in New Zealand, had adopted a ""home party"" technique gleaned from practices in Texas. This technique was reportedly used to disseminate a “vicious kit full of misinformation” targeting lesbians and gays. The conference participants also critically examined the support for apartheid recently expressed by the leader of the Moral Majority, indicating a broader concern regarding the ideological connections between anti-gay sentiments and conservative political movements in the United States. Overall, the gathering underscored the challenges faced by the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand amidst the backdrop of international influence and local fundamentalist activism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850903_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850903.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494510400
5782,03,09,1985,"Lawyers Form Group Backing ‘gay’ Bill (Press, 3 September 1985)","A group of lawyers in Auckland has formed to advocate for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and examine the constitutional legitimacy of a public petition against it. Ms Linda Kay, a representative from the group, Lawyers for Reform, highlighted the harmful effects of criminalising homosexuality, detailing the unjust consequences faced by homosexuals. She expressed the group's aim to challenge the misinformation spread by opponents of the bill. Ms Kay raised concerns about the integrity of the petition, suggesting it could be constitutionally invalid due to issues like double signatures, the involvement of minors, and pressure exerted on individuals during the signature collection process. She questioned whether misleading people about the content of the petition could be considered coercive, potentially rendering the entire petition invalid. If found invalid, this could prevent Parliament from considering it, or necessitate a thorough evaluation of each signature's validity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850903_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850903.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494510400
5785,04,09,1985,"‘Apartheid Contrary To The Will Of God” (Press, 4 September 1985)","On 4 September 1985, the National Council of Churches (N.C.C.) held a general meeting in Auckland, where it condemned the apartheid policies of the South African government. The council decided to send a message to South African President P.W. Botha, stating, “We believe God is on the side of those seeking justice, those South Africans whom your Government detains, bans and kills.” Alongside this, they also addressed British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and New Zealand Prime Minister David Lange, urging them to back calls from within South Africa for comprehensive economic sanctions as a means to oppose apartheid. The four-day meeting also discussed domestic issues, particularly the Homosexual Law Reform bill. The council expressed support for the initiative to decriminalise consensual homosexual acts between adults in private, acknowledging that while there are diverse opinions within the Christian community regarding this matter, the overriding Christian stance should be one of acceptance and respect for homosexual individuals. Furthermore, the N.C.C. introduced a proposal aimed at transforming itself into a new ecumenical organisation that would incorporate Catholic representation, likely to be named the Conference of Churches in Aotearoa. This proposal, representing a significant shift, will be reviewed by member churches for feedback. Currently, the N.C.C. comprises almost all of New Zealand's main Christian denominations, apart from Catholics, Pentecostal churches, and some smaller groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850904_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850904.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494596800
5786,04,09,1985,"‘Gays’ Oppose Change To Bill (Press, 4 September 1985)","On 4 September 1985, Bill Logan, a spokesman for the Gay Task Force, announced that the homosexual community would strongly oppose any major changes to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, especially concerning the age of consent and human rights provisions. This decision followed a conference in Wellington attended by approximately 200 gay men and lesbians. The current bill proposes an age of consent of 16 and aims to include sexual orientation in the Human Rights Commission Act. Logan emphasised that they seek no significant alterations, insisting that being gay should be viewed as normal and that equality for gay individuals is essential. He described attempts to impose restrictions based on age as irrelevant and indicative of homophobia, advocating for the original bill's passage. The conference also expressed concern over any attempts to further criminalise lesbianism and highlighted the necessity for improved organisation among various homosexual groups across New Zealand. Logan pointed out the existence of numerous lesbian and gay organisations, but stressed the need for greater co-ordination to effectively address national issues. Enhancing support for initiatives related to the New Zealand branch of the American Moral Majority, AIDS awareness, and the campaign for the bill were viewed as priorities. Activist Alison Laurie noted that anti-homosexual campaigns have involved sending local fundamentalists to the United States for training in tactics used by the Moral Majority. Responding to these allegations, Barry Reed, the spokesperson for the campaign against the bill, distanced his group, the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, from the Moral Majority, claiming that their focus was more on specific issues, such as the reform bill and sex education in schools. He insisted that this movement was representative of a broader New Zealand populace and not aligned with any particular political or religious agenda. Reed denied allegations that the Coalition’s members had undergone training in American tactics. He explained that John Massam, the editor of the Christian publication ""Challenge Weekly,"" visited American cities to observe the homosexual community, funded by the campaign against the bill. Additionally, he revealed that the campaign had partially financed ministry leader Ian Hooker and three others to attend counselling services for homosexuals seeking to leave their lifestyle. This effort aimed to establish an organisation called Homosexuals Anonymous, which would support individuals desiring to change their sexual orientation. Overall, the conference underscored the homosexual community's commitment to fighting for equality and against any legislative amendments that they believe would undermine their rights. The community’s unity and determination were evident as they prepared to confront both local anti-gay campaigns and the emerging presence of fundamentalist groups in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850904_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850904.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494596800
5784,04,09,1985,"Decriminalising ‘gay’ Activity Seen As Help For... (Press, 4 September 1985)","A Parliamentary Select Committee on Homosexual Law Reform convened in Christchurch on 3 September 1985 to discuss the implications of decriminalising homosexual activity, particularly in the context of the AIDS epidemic. The A.I.D.S. Support Group from Christchurch expressed support for the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, arguing that while it would not halt the spread of AIDS, its passage would enable better protection and education for those at risk who currently feel criminalised. They believed that individuals would be more likely to seek information and support if they were not viewed as criminals. In addition to the A.I.D.S. Support Group, the National Organisation of Women (NOW) supported the bill and advocated for an age of consent set at 16 years for both heterosexual and homosexual relationships. They highlighted the inconsistency of allowing heterosexual relationships that could lead to serious consequences, such as pregnancy, while prohibiting legal recognition of homosexual relationships at the same age. NOW argued that the current laws demeaned young men and perpetuated the view of women as second-class citizens. The New Zealand branch of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists also submitted in favour of the bill, opposing the treatment of homosexuality as a disease and advocating for amending the Human Rights Commission Act to prevent discrimination based on sexual orientation. Several support organisations, including Gayline counselling service, the Christchurch Gay Task Force, and The Core, echoed support for the bill. Conversely, the proposed legislation faced strong opposition, primarily from religious groups. The Full Gospel Mission described the bill as ""satanic,"" insisting that laws should align with Biblical teachings. The New Brighton Anglican Church and the Riccarton Methodist Parish also opposed the bill, claiming it posed a threat to youth and family values. The Hornby Presbyterian Church argued that homosexual behaviour was not only a result of genetic or environmental factors but rather a consciously chosen lifestyle. The Integrity Centre expressed a view that homosexuals aimed to undermine traditional values and moral structures in society. As the committee continues to gather feedback from various communities across New Zealand, they were scheduled to head to Auckland for further discussions. Alongside this significant political discourse, there was a memorial announcement for Mrs Elizabeth Grace Foster, one of Blenheim's oldest residents, who passed away at the age of 103 on 1 September 1985. A service was to be held at the Bursill Home in Blenheim in her honour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850904_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850904.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494596800
6942,04,09,1985,"Play Justified Says Producer (Press, 4 September 1985)","Doug Clarke, the producer of the Riccarton Players' entry in the New Zealand Theatre Federation one-act play festival, stands by his choice of Howard Brenton's ""Christie In Love,"" which has sparked controversy. The Riccarton Players secured a spot in the festival finals, set to be held in Whangarei on September 13 and 14, 1985, making them the only South Island finalist among six entries. However, their performance at the divisional finals in Nelson was met with significant backlash, with approximately 30 out of 100 audience members walking out during the show. Clarke acknowledged pre-existing criticism during the Christchurch finals, but he defends the play's merit by noting its basis in real events, specifically focusing on the true story of John Reginald Halliday Christie, a convicted murderer who was executed in 1953. Clarke, a recognized admirer of Brenton's work, has previously brought two of his plays to festival finals in the past five years. He admitted that ""Christie In Love"" is considerably more provocative than his earlier selections. His decision to select the play stemmed from a lack of interest in a potential New Zealand script, leading him to pursue a work that diverges from conventional storytelling. With a small cast of three actors—Martin Phelan as Christie, Richard Anderton as the Constable, and Mark Hyde as the Inspector—the play also features a handmade dummy in lieu of a more expensive doll mentioned in the script. This choice has incited criticism, particularly from a feminist who accused Clarke of degrading women's representation. Despite the provocative language in the play, Clarke decided to remain true to Brenton’s writing, informing festival organisers in advance of its potentially offensive content. He expressed indifference to the uproar during the Nelson performance, noting that local audiences tend to resist performances from outside groups, while performances like ""Canterbury Tales,"" which might draw similar scrutiny, received no backlash. To help fund their travel for the festival finals, the Riccarton Players initiated a two-night season of ""Christie In Love."" Clarke remains uncertain about the audience's reaction in Whangarei but hopes for the best. He believes that Brenton's work is gaining recognition as important British theatre, although ""Christie In Love"" has not yet been produced by prestigious companies, such as the Royal Shakespeare Company. As the group prepares for the festival, Clarke hopes to achieve positive results while acknowledging the likelihood of continued controversy surrounding the play.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850904_2_100_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850904.2.100.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494596800
5788,05,09,1985,"‘A.I.D.S. Should Not Stop School’ (Press, 5 September 1985)","On 5 September 1985, the United States Federal health authorities stated that most children with A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) should be allowed to attend school, emphasizing the need to protect their confidentiality. This guidance from the National Centre for Disease Control (CDC) comes amid increasing controversy regarding the rights of A.I.D.S. victims in public education settings. The CDC noted that for the majority of infected children, the advantages of being in a typical classroom environment surpass the perceived risks of disease transmission, which they claim are negligible in casual contact situations, such as among schoolchildren. The CDC's report specified that decisions regarding the inclusion of children infected with the A.I.D.S. virus, HTLV3-LAV, in educational settings should be made on a case-by-case basis, considering factors like the child’s health status, behaviour, and potential interaction with peers. As of the report, at least 183 individuals under the age of 18 had been diagnosed with A.I.D.S., while many more are believed to be infected. Dr. Martha Rogers from the CDC’s A.I.D.S. task force confirmed that no documented cases of A.I.D.S. transmission in schools, day care centres, or casual settings exist. In fact, she expressed concern over the unfounded rationale provided by school systems for excluding these children. Dr. Rogers remarked on the necessity of educating the public regarding the true modes of A.I.D.S. transmission and the lack of valid reasons for excluding young patients. The CDC highlighted that A.I.D.S. had resulted in significant fatalities in the US, prompting fear and misunderstanding about the virus, particularly surrounding the lifestyles of those affected. Dr. Rogers further noted that A.I.D.S. primarily affects homosexual men, intravenous drug users, transfusion recipients, and their partners, with a significant proportion of childhood cases linked to parents in high-risk categories. The CDC urged educators and caregivers to respect the privacy of children infected with the A.I.D.S. virus, advocating for the protection of confidential records. However, the report did indicate that a more controlled environment might be necessary for some infected children, particularly those who are younger or have additional health challenges that could pose risks to others. Additionally, the CDC issued precautions for health professionals working with patients' eyes, clarifying that while the A.I.D.S. virus has been found in various bodily fluids, there is no evidence to support transmission through tears. The organisation called for basic hygiene measures, such as hand washing and disinfecting medical tools, while noting that wearing masks is generally not needed in related contexts. Overall, the CDC's recommendations aimed to foster an environment where children with A.I.D.S. could receive the education they need while ensuring the safety and privacy of all students involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850905_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850905.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494683200
5787,05,09,1985,"Laws Ineffective’ (Press, 5 September 1985)","On 5 September 1985, the A.I.D.S. Foundation presented evidence to a Parliamentary select committee in New Zealand, highlighting a troubling trend among some homosexual and bisexual men. The Foundation reported that these individuals often preferred to risk contracting A.I.D.S. rather than disclose their sexual orientation due to the existing laws that criminalised homosexuality. This secrecy, they argued, not only endangered their health but also hindered efforts to promote safe sex practices among homosexual communities. Researcher Tony Hughes, who was speaking on behalf of the Foundation, asserted that the current laws were ineffective and contributed to a culture of fear and secrecy. He indicated that the criminalisation of homosexual acts pressured individuals to hide their relationships, resulting in more casual sexual encounters and a heightened risk of A.I.D.S. transmission. Hughes pointed out that the existence of liberal laws elsewhere, such as in Spain—where the age of consent for homosexual acts is 12—did not correlate with higher A.I.D.S. case numbers; in fact, Spain had only 18 reported cases despite a population of 38 million. The committee also heard contrasting views from the Christian Medical Fellowship (CMF), which argued that some level of discrimination against homosexuals was necessary. They proposed that it should be illegal for practising homosexuals to donate blood or organs for transplant surgeries and suggested that legislation might be needed to restrict sexual activities between those with certain diseases and non-sufferers. Overall, the discussions highlighted a significant tension in New Zealand society regarding the perception and treatment of homosexuals, the implications of existing laws, and the urgent need for public acceptance and safer health practices within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850905_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850905.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494683200
5789,06,09,1985,"'Fascist’ Label Rejected (Press, 6 September 1985)","On 6 September 1985, Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central, faced backlash from the Concerned Parents’ Association after she made allegations linking the group to “fascist” elements. The association's chairman, Peter Clements, strongly rejected Wilde's claims, arguing that her comments reflected a disrespectful attitude towards the many parents who are striving to protect their children from perceived excessive State control and to uphold their parental rights and traditional moral values. Clements noted that a significant number of parents had voiced their opposition to primary-school sexual education and a new health education curriculum during parliamentary discussions. He highlighted that 8,000 individuals from Hamilton West had signed a petition against the Education Amendment Bill, suggesting that such widespread dissent should not be dismissed as ""fascist"" simply due to differences in opinion. In his response, Clements questioned the implications of Wilde's characterisation, asking if the term ""fascist"" applies to those who resist sexual and contraceptive education in classrooms or oppose the presence of homosexual teachers promoting their lifestyle to students. He further defended the rights of parents who wish to preserve their religious freedoms against the imposition of humanist ideologies, and who may believe that certain school programs, such as psychoanalysis, could be damaging to their children. Clements stated that parents should be allowed to prioritise essential academic subjects, specifically literacy and numeracy. He contended that Wilde has not contributed positively to the concerns of these parents and criticised her for maligning an association that has dedicated over a decade to researching and providing valuable information to support responsible parenting focused on educational and moral issues. Clements concluded that the quality of discourse within New Zealand's political arena should rise above the level of what he called Wilde's ill-considered remarks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850906_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850906.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494769600
5790,06,09,1985,"‘Gays’ Wish To Take Part In Society, Hearing... (Press, 6 September 1985)","On 6 September 1985, hearings regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill took place in Auckland, with members of the Auckland Gay Task Force advocating for the bill's passage. Peter Wall, representing the Task Force, emphasised that homosexuals wished to participate in society rather than destroy it. He addressed concerns from opponents of the bill, asserting that legalising homosexuality would not undermine marriage or societal structures. Wall recounted his own experience of living in a heterosexual marriage under false pretences for five years, further asserting that legal changes would not convert heterosexuals into homosexuals. He expressed that the gay community values the existing society and seeks inclusion rather than upheaval. Wall also brought attention to the government's approach to addressing A.I.D.S., criticising it for promoting advice on illegal acts. He highlighted the absurdity of the Health Department providing guidance on safely committing acts that were criminalised, arguing that proper legal recognition would contribute positively to combating the A.I.D.S. epidemic. Moreover, Wall mentioned a troubling rise in attacks against homosexuals in the wake of the bill's publicity, suggesting that passing the legislation could eventually foster a shift in societal attitudes leading to a decrease in discrimination and violence. Supporting Wall, the Rev. Felix Donnelly shared his concerns regarding verbal and physical abuse directed at homosexuals, recounting a troubling case of an 18-year-old male from a fundamentalist background who was shunned and described as being possessed by ""homosexual demons."" This young man underwent significant emotional distress that led him to contemplate suicide rather than sign a petition against the bill. Overall, both Wall and Donnelly sought to highlight the need for reform, advocating that passing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would not only validate the rights of homosexuals but also contribute to a more inclusive and understanding society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850906_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850906.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494769600
7678,06,09,1985,"No Moral Utopia (Press, 6 September 1985)","On 6 September 1985, a series of letters addressed various opinions regarding the influence and role of fundamentalist beliefs in society, particularly in New Zealand. The discussions were sparked by a previous correspondence from Letitia B. Onions, whom Neville M. Rush critiqued for being incoherent and lacking specific examples. Rush argued that the moral issues raised, such as greed and moral decay, are indeed part of the conservative backlash against these societal vices. He dismissed claims that the fundamentalist lobby imposes an alien philosophy, asserting that both the Old and New Testaments advocate for moral behaviour. H.G. Oram responded positively to Jill Wilcox’s call for growth and love in society, advocating for a return to the teachings of the gospel as a means to transform lives. He suggested that embracing Christian values could yield benefits such as restored relationships and community improvement, emphasising that such a shift would address various societal issues including immorality and its financial burdens on healthcare. S. Jarvie noted the financial implications of immorality, highlighting the costs associated with sexually transmitted diseases and abortions. He argued that if fundamentalist values could restore morality, society could save significant resources that are currently expended on addressing the fallout from immoral behaviour. He pointed out that abortions alone in New Zealand cost $7.25 million over five years, emphasising the broad monetary impact of such issues. Susan Taylor provided a counterpoint to Rush’s views, asserting that she does not wish to impose her atheism on others and that her understanding of love does not align with Rush’s criticism of those benefiting from diverse perspectives in society. She expressed frustration at being labelled as “alien” for holding atheistic beliefs and identified her commitment to humanist values rooted in love and empathy. Taylor argued for the necessity of separating government intervention from personal lives, especially regarding morality issues. This exchange of letters reflects a broader societal debate about morality, freedom of belief, and the impact of fundamentalist ideologies on New Zealand’s culture in the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850906_2_98_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850906.2.98.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494769600
5792,07,09,1985,"Plays In Nazi Settings (Press, 7 September 1985)","On 7 September 1985, Paul R. Bushnell reviewed two plays published by Amber Lane Press, ""Bent"" by Martin Sherman and ""Summit Conference"" by Robert David MacDonald. Both plays explore the theme of war, but they diverge significantly in tone and treatment. ""Bent,"" which previously received acclaim for its powerful performance at the Court Theatre, tells a harrowing story of three men—Max, Rudy, and Horst—who face persecution under the Nazi regime for being homosexual. Bushnell describes it as an absorbing and compassionate portrayal that highlights the personal toll of intolerance and brutality. The characters are depicted with depth, making their struggles resonate strongly with the audience. Sherman’s work avoids reducing the horrors of war and persecution to mere statistics, instead focusing on the intimate experiences and dignity of gay individuals in crisis. One particularly striking scene features Max and Horst communicating their desire and connection despite their dire circumstances, serving as a testament to their humanity and resilience. This relationship endures throughout the play, reinforcing themes of love and identity amid the backdrop of oppression. In contrast, ""Summit Conference"" presents a fictionalised meeting between Eva Braun and Clara Petacci, the partners of Hitler and Mussolini, respectively, set in Berlin in 1941. Bushnell finds the play lacking in substance and engaging conflict. He critiques MacDonald’s attempt to infuse the narrative with significant social issues, as the portrayal of the women’s mistreatment of their tea-serving soldier feels forced and shallow. The review suggests that the drawing-room comedy format fails to adequately support the weight of the serious themes MacDonald tries to convey, resulting in a play that ultimately feels unworthy and unenjoyable. Overall, the review highlights the stark contrast between the two works—while ""Bent"" offers a poignant exploration of love and suffering in the face of war, ""Summit Conference"" falls short of delivering a meaningful message, illustrating the complexities and challenges when addressing critical issues through theatrical storytelling. Both plays, priced at $9.95 each in paperback, are available through Scriptura Associates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850907_2_109_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850907.2.109.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494856000
5791,07,09,1985,"Suicide Considered (Press, 7 September 1985)","On 7 September 1985, a Parliamentary Select Committee in Auckland heard distressing testimonies from young homosexual men about the profound impacts of societal rejection related to their sexual orientation. The emotional accounts shared by these men highlighted the severe toll that discrimination and bullying have taken on their mental health, with two of the witnesses revealing that they had contemplated suicide as an escape from their struggles. Fear Brampton described his experience of being subjected to “queer baiting” at school, which left him feeling subhuman and led him to alter his behaviour, adopting a more masculine persona to avoid ridicule. He shared that, in an effort to conceal his true self, he would laugh at homophobic jokes and fabricate stories about having girlfriends. Despite these efforts, the facade proved too burdensome, leading him to frequently contemplate suicide. Brampton expressed a desire to flee to a country with more accepting laws, but he never acted on this thought, instead enduring what he called an ""intolerable closet existence."" Twenty-year-old John Fromont recounted his ongoing battle with feelings of withdrawal and self-consciousness stemming from being mocked for his sexual orientation. He reflected on the internal conflict he experienced between his desires and society’s perceived norms, which further exacerbated his sense of isolation. Another witness, Sandy Gauntlett, spoke about his journey towards self-acceptance, revealing that it was only after coming to terms with his sexuality that he was able to overcome a decade-long struggle with intravenous drug addiction. The testimonies from Brampton, Fromont, and Gauntlett underscore the urgent need for homosexual law reform as they shed light on the mental health challenges faced by the LGBTQ+ community in New Zealand. Their stories of pain, struggle, and eventual acceptance highlight the damaging effects of societal rejection and the importance of creating a more inclusive environment for individuals of all sexual orientations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850907_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850907.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,494856000
7235,09,09,1985,"“No Moral Utopia” (Press, 9 September 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 9 September 1985, Neville M. Rush expresses his concerns regarding comments made by Mr Wall of the Gay Task Force, who stated that homosexuals seek to participate in society rather than undermine it. Rush acknowledges that Mr Wall and other genuine homosexuals may hold this belief, but he argues that they are being exploited by individuals who aim to dismantle societal norms and traditional Christian values. He suggests that there is a push for secular and atheistic ideologies reminiscent of those found in socialist states, which he characterises as oppressive and inhumane. Rush particularly criticises Susan Taylor for her support of these socialistic and atheistic movements while simultaneously expressing compassion for a Soviet Baptist dissident who is suffering under a regime she indirectly endorses. He perceives a contradiction in her stance, noting that her ""humanistic love"" seems incompatible with the oppressive systems she supports. Rush concludes with a provocative question regarding the implications of allowing private matters in ""other people's bedrooms,"" questioning if this stance would also condone serious crimes like rape and child molestation. His letter reflects a strong opposition to the evolving views on homosexuality and societal values during that time in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850909_2_121_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850909.2.121.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495028800
5794,10,09,1985,"Fundamentalists (Press, 10 September 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 10 September 1985, W. R. Sykes criticises Vernon Wilkinson for his contradictory stance on various social issues, specifically nuclear weapons, apartheid, and homosexual law reform. Sykes argues that these issues are interconnected through a common concern for human rights and basic freedoms. He highlights the actions of the Reagan Administration in relation to nuclear armament, the South African government's enforcement of apartheid, and the opposition to the Wilde Bill, which seeks to reform laws regarding homosexuality. Sykes suggests that Wilkinson, in opposing the Wilde Bill, mirrors the ""moral majority"" mentality that seeks to uphold traditional family values, which Sykes believes has no inherent merit as a solution to life’s challenges. He expresses concern over Wilkinson's apparent inability to recognise the links between these pressing societal issues and his intolerance towards differing views. Sykes emphasizes the importance of tolerance and open-mindedness, suggesting that it is arrogant to impose one's beliefs on others. The letter concludes with an appeal for a broader understanding of these interconnected human rights issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850910_2_55_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850910.2.55.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495115200
5795,10,09,1985,"Fundamentalists And Their Political Clout (Press, 10 September 1985)","In a recent development in New Zealand politics, leaders of moral groups and fundamentalist organisations opposed to liberal legislation are reportedly planning to form a significant political lobby aimed at countering what they perceive as the country's moral decay. This initiative comes at a critical moment as they seek to replace liberal Members of Parliament with representatives aligned with traditional values. Notably, key figures spearheading this movement have been active opponents of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Auckland businessman Keith Hay, alongside Sir Peter Tait, has been instrumental in rallying support against the bill, recently chairing a meeting focused on establishing a coalition among conservative church groups and organisations concerned with moral issues. Hay emphasised the need for politicians to heed public sentiment on the issue, arguing that failure to do so could result in their political downfall. The coalition has garnered attention, with commentary suggesting that it could become a powerful conservative force within New Zealand’s political landscape. Labour MP Fran Wilde, who introduced the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, has cautioned her party members about the impending threat from right-wing fundamentalists. The driving force behind the coalition appears to be Joe Simmons, a retired evangelist who has taken the initiative to convene a meeting of representatives from various moral and fundamentalist church groups. These groups include the Concerned Parents’ Association and the Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child, among others. Despite invitations extended to these organisations, some have chosen to remain independent, citing a reluctance to merge under a single banner. Simmons, who advocates for a return to biblical values, expresses concerns regarding a purported ""international gay conspiracy"" and questions the moral integrity of certain religious leaders who he feels are swayed by humanist ideologies. He prefers to work behind the scenes, focusing on strategy and planning rather than seeking fame. Barry Reed, the media spokesperson for the coalition, has taken a more pragmatic approach, avoiding overt religious rhetoric while confirming growing interest in the coalition efforts. He notes that they have received numerous inquiries, signalling a resonance with the public regarding moral issues. Reed draws parallels to the success of well-organised conservative movements in the United States, specifically Rev. Jerry Falwell’s Moral Majority, and suggests that the coalition in New Zealand could emerge as a potent political entity without necessarily forming a political party. Support for the initiative spans various religious backgrounds, with young families and older generations expressing particular concern about preserving the family unit and addressing moral decline. Hay has mentioned plans to disseminate literature encouraging communities to rally against the perceived moral erosion. The coalition also comes against the backdrop of allegations concerning the financial support of American right-wing figures, which have been disputed by the coalition leaders. Political analysts contemplate the potential implications of a consolidated conservative coalition, predicting it could dramatically reshape New Zealand’s political landscape, especially if they focus their resources on targeting specific MPs and parliamentary seats.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850910_2_59_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850910.2.59.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495115200
6729,10,09,1985,"No Humour Please, We’re British (Press, 10 September 1985)","The review by Ken Strongman discusses the state of British humour in the context of Margaret Thatcher's rule, which has reportedly influenced the tone and style of contemporary television comedies. Strongman evaluates three programmes: “Home to Roost,” “Assaulted Nuts,” and “The Young Ones.” “Home to Roost,” featuring John Thaw, is characterised as a disturbing portrayal of a father-son relationship marked by sarcasm and bitterness. Strongman notes that Thaw's character comes off as a hard-edged figure rather than a nurturing father, making it difficult for audiences to perceive any genuine affection between him and his on-screen son. Unlike the quintessential charm of “Fawlty Towers,” where some warmth is present amidst the comedic exchanges, ""Home to Roost"" lacks this element, resulting in only a couple of amusing lines but a prevailing sense of resentment. The next programme, “Assaulted Nuts,” is described as a failed attempt at humour that merges the chaotic styles of both British and American comedy but ultimately delivers unfunny sketches, typified by a customer and shop assistant shooting each other in a gun store. Strongman finds fault with the jarring mix of zany and vicious humour, concluding that the programme is unworthy even of a smile, pegging it as a hollow effort linked to Tim Brooke-Taylor that leaves much to be desired. In contrast, Strongman finds hope for British comedy in “The Young Ones,” which he describes as an irreverent and raucous portrayal of student life. The show features four distinctive characters living together in a chaotic setting, representing various societal archetypes, including a punk, a hippy, a serious sociologist, and a gigolo. Their interactions are marked by absurdity and sharp satire, successfully poking fun at contemporary issues. Strongman references specific instances of their antics that capture the essence of modernity's frivolity, indicating that while the humour is indeed extreme, it proves that British comedy can still resonate profoundly with audiences. Overall, Strongman’s review suggests that while some contemporary comedies struggle under the weight of Thatcherism, ""The Young Ones"" serves as a vibrant reminder of the enduring presence of humour in British culture, albeit in a more adult-oriented, late-night format. He concludes that the programme's irreverence and satire are well worth the attention of viewers, affirming that British humour, although changed, remains alive and impactful.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850910_2_52_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850910.2.52.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495115200
5793,10,09,1985,"Teachers Who ‘understand’ (Press, 10 September 1985)","In a letter published on 10 September 1985, Vernon Wilkinson expressed strong opposition to the Wilde bill, which he believes could lead to the acceptance of practices detrimental to society. He referenced a recent television broadcast of a homosexual marriage in California, describing it as an ""obscene parody"" of traditional marriage. The portrayal included a minister in full robes officiating the ceremony, the exchange of vows and rings between two men, and a passionate kiss, which Wilkinson found distasteful. He further critiqued remarks made by a teacher at the P.P.T.A. conference who suggested that teachers of homosexual orientation should be appointed to better understand potential homosexual and lesbian students. Wilkinson dismisses this argument, sarcastically suggesting that by this logic, there should be a range of teachers with various negative traits, including criminal, alcoholic, and sub-normal teachers to cater to students with similar backgrounds. His concluding comments hint at concerns about the implications of such a rationale already being present in the education system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850910_2_55_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850910.2.55.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495115200
5796,11,09,1985,"Mardi Gras For ‘gay’ Reform (Press, 11 September 1985)","On 11 September 1985, it was announced that a mardi gras will be held in Cathedral Square, Christchurch on the evening of 13 September to support the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This date has been designated “National Pink and Black Day” by advocates for homosexual law reform, with various celebrations planned across New Zealand's main centres. The event in Christchurch is being organised by the Lesbian and Gay Rights Action Group and will commence at 7 p.m. The mardi gras will feature a march through the central city, concluding back at the Square. During the gathering, key speakers will include Mr Jim Anderton, the member of Parliament for Sydenham, who is expected to support the bill. Additionally, representatives from different groups will address the crowd, including a member from Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays (H.U.G.), a spokesperson from the Hospital and Hotel Workers’ Union, a Christian advocate, and feminist Ms Rosemary Novitz. The gathering aims to foster community togetherness according to Anne Barnes, a representative of the Lesbian and Gay Rights Action Group. Barnes expressed that the mardi gras offers a unique opportunity for individuals from diverse backgrounds—who may not typically interact—to unite in support of the bill and the broader movement for lesbian and gay rights. Entertainment will include performances from various artists, musicians, and clowns, contributing to a festive atmosphere. The organisers encourage public participation to enhance the celebratory spirit of the event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850911_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850911.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495201600
7118,12,09,1985,"‘Gays’ Call Meeting (Press, 12 September 1985)","On 12 September 1985, a meeting was organised in Christchurch by the Gay Rights Action Group to establish a coalition aimed at countering what they perceive as the increasing influence of fundamentalist Right-wing ideologies in New Zealand. Mr Graham Harvey, a representative of the Gay Rights Action Group, expressed the group's intention to unite various organisations that oppose these Right-wing forces. The coalition would primarily focus on an educational campaign to confront and challenge the bigotry and hysteria propagated by the fundamentalist lobby. The meeting is set to provide a platform for different groups to articulate their objectives and discuss collective strategies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850912_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850912.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495288000
5797,12,09,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 12 September 1985)","On 12 September 1985, a group of four academic psychiatrists from the Christchurch Clinical School publicly clarified their stance on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill amidst impressions that Professor P. G. Ney's views represented their department's official position. They emphasised that Professor Ney had not made his official stance clear in his letters to the press, and that there was a misinterpretation among the public regarding the association with his opinions. The psychiatrists—W. G. A. Watkins, J. M. McKenzie, M. F. Miller, and P. R. Joyce—distanced themselves from Ney's views while expressing their own perspective. They affirmed their belief that sexual preference, whether homosexual or heterosexual, is established before a child begins school and is not a choice for the child. Despite acknowledging that the exact mechanisms determining sexual preference are still uncertain, they collectively supported the passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, making it clear that their views do not reflect an official university position.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850912_2_87_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850912.2.87.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495288000
7119,12,09,1985,"Liberal To Lead Church (Press, 12 September 1985)","On 12 September 1985, the United States Episcopal Church elected the Rt Rev Edmond Browning as its new Primate. Browning, who was the Bishop of Hawaii, committed to a liberal agenda aimed at supporting the rights of blacks, women, and homosexuals within the Church. His election comes at a time when the Church is grappling with issues of inclusion and social justice. Bishop Browning's stance on the ordination of homosexuals marks a significant shift from a previous Church vote that opposed the ordination of practising homosexuals. He asserted that qualified individuals, regardless of their sexual orientation, should not be excluded from the priesthood. He also expressed his intention to advocate for the rights of South African blacks fighting against apartheid, voicing discontent with President Ronald Reagan’s limited sanctions against the South African government, which he described as inadequate. Bishop Browning was elected during the Church’s bicentennial convention after four rounds of secret balloting by over 200 bishops. At 56 years old, he was seen as the most liberal candidate among the four bishops nominated for the role, succeeding the Most Rev John Allin, a moderate conservative who was set to leave office at the end of the year. Browning’s election coincided with both his thirty-second wedding anniversary and a significant moment for the Church, which has historically included many prominent American figures, including 11 U.S. presidents. In his remarks following the election, Browning underscored the Church’s prophetic role in addressing the needs of the impoverished and hungry, both domestically and globally. His support for social justice initiatives aligns with the Episcopal Church's tradition of advocacy despite the conservative tendencies among its lay members. Proven to be a controversial figure, Browning has a history of engagement with socio-political issues, having worked on a task force concerning Namibia, and supporting American draft resisters during the Vietnam War. Overall, Bishop Browning's leadership is expected to reflect a progressive direction for the Episcopal Church, addressing key social issues and promoting inclusivity within its ranks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850912_2_72_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850912.2.72.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495288000
5799,13,09,1985,"800,000-plus Signatures (Press, 13 September 1985)","More than 800,000 signatures are predicted to be gathered for a petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, set to be presented to the New Zealand Parliament in two weeks. Graeme Lee, a National Party member of Parliament for Hauraki and a prominent figure in the opposition campaign, indicated that while the current number of signatures is substantial, the campaign aimed for a total of one million signatures. He noted that achieving this goal would primarily depend on the limited time available for gathering additional support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850913_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850913.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495374400
5798,13,09,1985,"Conservatism Likely To Grow In N.Z. Education (Press, 13 September 1985)","On 13 September 1985, Alan Mcßobie, a senior lecturer at Christchurch Teachers' College, expressed concerns about the possibility of conservative education groups in New Zealand starting independent schools. He noted that parents were becoming increasingly involved in their children's education and predicted a growth in conservative sentiments in the country. Mcßobie observed that many parents might withdraw their children from classes that included the sex education segment of the new health syllabus, prompting wealthier families to establish their own independent schools. Recently returned from a teaching exchange in California, Mcßobie highlighted the influence of the ""back to basics"" movement and organisations like the Moral Majority on the direction of education in the United States, connecting this trend to a broader global shift towards conservatism. He pointed out that while conservative groups in New Zealand denied ties to the Moral Majority, their methods were quite similar. He believed that the various conservative factions in New Zealand addressing issues such as abortion, homosexual law reform, and sex education would eventually unite. Mcßobie provided insight into the structure of educational governance in the United States, noting that conservative groups, despite comprising a relatively small percentage of the population (around 15 per cent), could exert significant influence over local education systems due to the independence of school boards. He explained that in the U.S., educational standards often resulted in rigorous testing regimes that began as early as kindergarten, with schools receiving financial incentives to improve their test performances. He recounted a specific case where a school was offered substantial state funding to enhance its test ratings but faced challenges from a student organisation that sought to divert much of that funding for non-educational purposes. This situation illustrated the pressure within the American education system, where the focus on testing sometimes resulted in a lack of critical thinking and deeper learning among students. Though critical of many aspects of the American education system, Mcßobie stated that not everything was negative and that he did not foresee New Zealand following the conservative educational trends seen in the U.S. He believed that New Zealand teachers would continue to champion the progressive advancements that had been made in the country's educational landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850913_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850913.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495374400
5800,14,09,1985,"Rallies For ‘gay’ Law Reform (Press, 14 September 1985)","On 13 September 1985, Christchurch Cathedral was adorned with pink balloons as over 500 individuals congregated to demonstrate their support for homosexual law reform. The gathering comprised an almost equal mix of men and women who marched through central Christchurch before returning to the Square to listen to various speakers advocating for the reform. The event was organized by the Gay Rights Action Group and Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays, and it proceeded smoothly with only a few isolated instances of heckling. In Wellington, Paul Reynolds, a prominent homosexual activist, addressed a rally where he declared a firm commitment to ensure the reform bill passed through Parliament without alterations. Speaking to around 2000 enthusiastic supporters in Pigeon Park, he stated, “Every Wednesday that the bill is debated we will crowd the public galleries and see that the bill is passed unamended.” Meanwhile, marches in other major cities also reflected strong support for law reform, with Auckland witnessing a turnout of approximately 8500 participants and Dunedin hosting about 1000. While the police provided lower attendance estimates, the significant numbers indicated growing public advocacy for the issue. In a separate event occurring concurrently in Palmerston North, approximately 300 women conducted a Reclaim the Night march, which symbolised the conclusion of a week focused on ""Women and Violence"" in the city.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850914_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850914.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495460800
5801,16,09,1985,"Anti-fundamentalist Coalition Formed (Press, 16 September 1985)","On 16 September 1985, liberal groups in Christchurch convened to establish a coalition aimed at countering perceived threats to individual rights from what they termed ""Right-wing fundamentalists."" This initiative was spearheaded by the Lesbian Gay Rights Action Group, with Mr Graham Harvey representing their concerns. Approximately 40 different liberal organisations attended the meeting, which included a diverse array of groups such as lesbian and gay rights advocates, women's organisations, environmentalists, family planning entities, advocates for abortion law reform, peace groups, and anti-nuclear organisations. The consensus at the meeting was that there is a pressing need to address the influence of Right-wing fundamentalism, which attendees believe has been seeping into New Zealand from the United States. Mr Harvey articulated the urgency of the situation, expressing particular concern regarding the current focus of Right-wing lobbies against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. However, he emphasized that the fundamentalist agenda extends beyond this issue, encompassing opposition to women's rights, trade unions, racial equity, and New Zealand's anti-nuclear policy. To facilitate the coalition's formation and administration, a task force composed of seven members from the various participating groups was established. They were tasked with managing correspondence and information among the coalition and interested parties. While no name for the coalition was finalised at the time of the meeting, Mr Harvey expressed optimism that it would be officially named and launched within a month, allowing other groups the opportunity to contribute ideas and become involved. Harvey reiterated the importance of public awareness regarding the fundamentalist threat, urging citizens to engage in critical thinking about societal issues rather than succumbing to fear of those who are different. He asserted that the coalition's overarching goal is to raise awareness about these pressing issues and to unite various progressive groups in defence of the rights and freedoms they believe are at risk.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850916_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850916.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495633600
5802,16,09,1985,"Boycott Proposed (Press, 16 September 1985)","On 16 September 1985, Miss Patricia Bartlett, a prominent figure in New Zealand's Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, publicly called for a boycott of supermarkets that begin selling condoms. The Health Department announced that condoms would now be available on supermarket shelves as part of a strategy to help limit the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS. Miss Bartlett expressed strong objections to this move, arguing that supermarkets have traditionally been viewed as family-friendly environments where children could shop free from exposure to offensive products and materials. She highlighted concerns over the packaging of the condoms, which she noted features images of couples embracing, suggesting that such displays would inevitably attract the attention of shoppers of all ages, including children. According to Bartlett, the visibility required to promote condom sales would compromise the family-oriented nature of supermarkets, as condom displays would need to be prominent to effectively compete with other retailers, such as pharmacies. In light of this, she urged the 800,000 New Zealanders who previously supported the Homosexual Law Reform Petition to join her in the boycott. She warned that if these individuals withdrew their patronage from the supermarkets in question, it could lead to significant financial repercussions for those stores.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850916_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850916.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495633600
7679,17,09,1985,"Fundamentalists (Press, 17 September 1985)","In letters published on 17 September 1985, various writers express their views on the intersection of Christianity, morality, and societal standards in New Zealand. H.G. Oram defends Christian fundamentalism, which he defines as adherence to key doctrines of Christianity like the authority of Scripture and the significance of Christ's death and resurrection. He asserts that fundamentalist Christians oppose the legalisation of sodomy not only because of their beliefs but also because they aim to maintain high moral standards in society. Oram counters Alastair Gardner’s claim that fundamentalists deny individuals' rights to live as they choose, arguing instead that they believe in personal responsibility and the consequences of moral actions as outlined in the Bible. In response, Arthur May challenges the notion that New Zealand is a truly Christian country. He suggests that while Christianity dominates, there is no official religion, leading to an imbalanced representation in media and public discourse. May argues that Christians have disproportionate access to resources and platforms while other belief systems, such as humanism and atheism, face exclusion. He criticises the Christian community for prioritising its own supremacy over equal rights for all, effectively undermining the idea of a free and equal society. W.R. Sykes enters the debate by questioning traditional perceptions of the family, implying that such views are restrictive and alienating for those who do not conform to them. He suggests that intolerance and rigid standards contribute to the issues in jails and mental hospitals, implying that more empathy and acceptance is needed. Sykes argues that while all societies have family structures, this should not grant the “moral majority” the authority to impose their values on others who may think or behave differently. Together, these letters reflect a broader conversation on morality, individual rights, and the influence of religious beliefs in New Zealand society, highlighting tensions between traditional values and calls for inclusivity and understanding of diverse perspectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850917_2_101_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850917.2.101.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495720000
5803,17,09,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 17 September 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 17 September 1985, Tina Troup responds to Mr Wilkinson's comments regarding homosexuality. Troup argues that there is a fundamental difference between homosexuals and criminals, which Wilkinson seems to overlook. She emphasises that criminals violate the rights of others, using examples such as murder and rape, which infringe on the victims' rights to life and personal autonomy. In contrast, Troup posits that homosexuals do not infringe on anyone’s rights; instead, it is society that infringes upon the rights of homosexuals by criminalising their existence and denying them the freedom to express mutual affection. Troup further challenges Wilkinson's concerns regarding population decline, noting that there is no imminent threat to human population levels and highlighting that many people still choose to have children. She questions the notion that families should perceive the lifestyle choices of others as a threat to their own. Troup advocates for the acceptance of diverse lifestyles rather than viewing them as a moral obligation or a danger to traditional family structures. Overall, her letter calls for a more inclusive understanding of human rights and personal choices regarding sexuality and family life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850917_2_101_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850917.2.101.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495720000
7185,17,09,1985,"More A.I.D.S. Cases (Press, 17 September 1985)","On 17 September 1985, the Health Department announced the notification of two additional cases of AIDS in New Zealand, increasing the national total to 14. Mr John Clements, who heads the department's disease prevention team, shared that he had received preliminary information regarding these new cases, which followed two others disclosed the previous week. While specifics about the locations of the new patients were not revealed, Clements anticipated receiving further details later in the week. Bill Logan, the co-ordinator of the Wellington AIDS Support Network, responded to the new cases, indicating that they were expected. Logan had previously predicted that the total number of cases could reach 20 by Christmas based on overseas trends, where the incidence of cases had been observed to double approximately every six months. Additionally, Logan informed that a New Zealander recently arrived in Wellington with an AIDS-related condition, which was suspected to have originated from a blood transfusion. This individual had been residing in Australia prior to his return and reportedly contracted the AIDS virus during surgery six months earlier. However, the form of AIDS he had was described as non life-threatening, and he sought to reunite with his family. The situation highlighted ongoing concerns regarding the spread of AIDS and its implications for public health in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850917_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850917.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495720000
5804,18,09,1985,"Petition Date (Press, 18 September 1985)","A petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is set to be presented to Parliament on 24 September 1985. The announcement was made by Mr Barry Reed, the press officer for the petition. He indicated that the chief petitioners, Sir Peter Tait and Mr Keith Hay, will be the ones to present the document. As of this update, the petition has garnered 800,000 signatures, highlighting significant public interest and opposition to the proposed legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850918_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850918.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495806400
5805,19,09,1985,"‘Funny Signatures’ Taken Off Petition (Press, 19 September 1985)","On 19 September 1985, it was reported that more than 400 fictitious signatures, including those attributed to “Adolf Hitler” and “Yogi Bear,” were removed from a petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. Mr. Graeme Lee, one of the organisers of the petition, stated that a thorough review had been conducted to eliminate obvious duplicates and errors, but he maintained that the removal of these signatures did not diminish the overall opposition to the bill. The petition, which boasts around 800,000 signatures, is set to be formally presented to Parliament on the following Tuesday. This legislation aims to decriminalise consenting sexual relations between adult males over the age of 16. When the bill returns to the House after review by a select committee, Members of Parliament are expected to have a free vote on the matter. Mr. Lee also provided an electorate breakdown of the signatures, emphasising that Parliament members who disregard these figures would be doing so at their own risk. Data revealed significant opposition in various electorates, with some registering thousands of signatures against the bill, while others, such as Pencarrow and Manawatu, showed more modest numbers of 530 and 859 signatures respectively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850919_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850919.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495892800
5809,19,09,1985,"Dentists Asked To Treat A.I.D.S. Patients (Press, 19 September 1985)","In September 1985, the A.I.D.S. Foundation in Auckland called for local dentists to volunteer for a specialised treatment directory aimed at supporting high-risk homosexuals and bisexuals. This initiative was highlighted in the national newsletter of the Dental Association. Dr Derrick Liggins, the executive officer of the association, expressed confidence that dentists in New Zealand were generally willing to provide treatment and were unlikely to refuse care to A.I.D.S. patients. Contrasting the situation in New Zealand, Dr Liggins noted the alarming trend in California where a significant number of dentists, having become aware that the HIV virus could be present in blood and saliva, were refusing to treat A.I.D.S. patients and those suspected of having the virus. This shortage of dentists willing to treat affected individuals in California was so severe that the Los Angeles County Health Department was compelled to establish a dedicated dental clinic staffed solely by homosexual dentists. Dr Liggins reassured that the New Zealand dental profession had not reached such a critical point and had not received any complaints related to dentists declining to treat A.I.D.S. patients. However, he acknowledged that dentists were acutely aware of the risks associated with the disease and had been provided with strict health guidelines to follow when treating A.I.D.S. patients. The Health Department's guidelines for dentists included specific protocols such as wearing gloves, face masks, glasses, and surgical gowns during procedures. Furthermore, dentists were advised to schedule A.I.D.S. patient treatments for the end of the day, allowing adequate time for thorough sterilisation of instruments and treatment surfaces before attending to other patients. They were also instructed to cover surfaces with disposable materials that could be sterilised and safely incinerated after use. In response to heightened awareness and concern about A.I.D.S., some dentists had begun using protective gear for all patients and inquired about their potential risk of exposure to the virus. This approach reflected a broader commitment within the dental community to ensure both patient and practitioner safety amid the growing health crisis represented by A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850919_2_196.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850919.2.196,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495892800
5808,19,09,1985,"Electorate Totals For Petition Signatures (Press, 19 September 1985)","On 19 September 1985, a significant movement against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was highlighted through the release of detailed petition signatures targeting New Zealand's Parliament. Opponents of the bill have gathered an impressive 800,000 signatures, set to be presented to the House on the following Tuesday. Mr Graeme Lee, the MP for Hauraki and one of the petition's organisers, conveyed a warning to other members of Parliament about the implications of overlooking the petition numbers in their own electorates. He suggested that the petition's lower signature counts in specific areas were primarily due to limited resources rather than a lack of support for the cause. The petition's statistics revealed that the highest involvement came from the Hamilton electorates, with Hamilton East recording 20,299 signatures and Hamilton West 17,608. In contrast, the Wellington electorate of Pencarrow only garnered 530 signatures, while Manawatu had 859. Invercargill, represented by vocal opponent Mr Norman Jones, saw 16,923 signatures in favour of the petition. This suggests a stark contrast in engagement across various districts. The bill, championed by Ms Fran Wilde, the MP for Wellington Central, received 7,427 signatures from her electorate, while Mr Lee's electorate recorded 7,633. The total signature count of 787,621 does not encompass the Maori electorates due to the uncertainty regarding the signatures on the Maori roll, which Mr Lee noted might complicate interpretations of the data. A comprehensive breakdown of the electorates revealed a variety of participation levels. For instance, Ashburton had 5544 signatures, while Christchurch Central attracted 10,186. Other electorates also showed varying levels of engagement, with places like Gisborne and Kapiti exceeding 10,000 signatures. The figures detailed the sporadic interest across different regions, indicating both strong support and noticeable apathy towards the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The release of these figures illustrates the heightened tensions surrounding the proposed legislation as both advocates and opponents mobilise their bases. The forthcoming presentation in Parliament is poised to be a critical moment in the ongoing public debate regarding homosexuality and law reform in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850919_2_192.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850919.2.192,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495892800
5807,19,09,1985,"Haemophiliacs Warned Of Risk To Family (Press, 19 September 1985)","A report published in the ""British Medical Journal"" on 19 September 1985 has raised concerns about haemophiliacs starting families due to the risk of their infants being born with AIDS. Compiled by medical professionals in London and Newcastle, the report reveals alarming findings that indicate AIDS can be transmitted to the wives of haemophiliac patients through sexual contact. Specifically, two out of three haemophiliacs who received blood transfusions at the Haemophilia Research Centre in Newcastle upon Tyne were found to have developed antibodies to AIDS, suggesting they had been exposed to the virus and could potentially develop the disease themselves. The study involved 120 haemophiliac patients, and notably, none of them belonged to typical risk groups for AIDS, with the exception of one individual who had a history of drug abuse. The report highlights the distressing fact that three patients from the study have already succumbed to AIDS. Given the mode of transmission, the report warns that haemophiliacs should consistently use barrier contraception methods and refrain from starting families until further information is available regarding the transmission of AIDS to unborn children. The heightened risk for haemophiliacs is linked to the clotting agents they rely on, which are sourced from large pools of donor blood. This situation underscores significant public health concerns and the need for cautious family planning among those affected by haemophilia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850919_2_115_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850919.2.115.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495892800
7680,19,09,1985,"Permissiveness (Press, 19 September 1985)","In a letter published on 19 September 1985, Vernon Wilkinson critiques the arguments presented by W. R. Sykes and Tina Troup regarding societal permissiveness. He asserts that their viewpoints, which previously gained traction in the 1960s and 1970s, are now being revisited amid growing concerns over the consequences of this permissiveness. Wilkinson highlights issues such as the prevalence of solo mothers raising disadvantaged children, the spread of venereal diseases linked to promiscuity, and the rise in broken homes. He expresses concern that these results underscore a societal need to re-establish boundaries and reject further movements towards permissiveness. Wilkinson raises provocative questions about the implications of decriminalising sodomy, suggesting that it could lead to calls for the legalisation of other acts considered taboo, such as bestiality and incest among consenting adults. He argues that some may view legal restrictions as an infringement on personal rights, yet he warns of the moral decline that could ensue. He further mentions modern dilemmas like surrogacy, cloning, and hybridisation, framing these developments as potential threats to the human condition. In closing, Wilkinson clarifies that his stance does not advocate for forcing individuals into family structures but reflects his belief in the need for societal boundaries to ensure moral integrity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850919_2_95_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850919.2.95.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495892800
5806,19,09,1985,"Petition ‘a Victory For Homosexual Law Reform’ (Press, 19 September 1985)","On 19 September 1985, the Gay Task Force in New Zealand expressed disappointment regarding the petition aimed at opposing homosexual law reform, which they viewed as a setback for its organisers. Spokesman Bill Logan reported that the outcome of the petition reaffirmed support for reform within the country. He cited polling data indicating that a significant majority of New Zealanders were in favour of changing the laws regarding homosexuality. Logan emphasised that while the right to sign the petition was open to all, the fact that it garnered support from only a quarter of the population pointed to its limited impact. The petition faced allegations of irregularities, with concerns raised about the legitimacy of some signatures. Logan stated there were reports of minor children, including six-year-olds, signing the petition, as well as claims of multiple signatures by individuals and potential coercion of workers by their employers. He argued that the matter at hand was not about the number of signatures but about the ethical principle of ensuring that lesbians and gay men enjoyed the same civil liberties as others. A group known as Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays (H.U.G.) mocked the petition's validity, particularly pointing out an improbable claim that 97 per cent of voters in the Hamilton East electorate had signed. They compared this scenario to electoral results in Southeast Asia, suggesting that it was unlikely that such a high percentage of voters, including a significant number of homosexuals, would oppose the law reform vigorously enough to influence their voting behaviour based on this single issue. In response, one of the petition's organisers, Graeme Lee, dismissed the assertions of irregularities, stating that the petition underwent thorough scrutiny and the most rigorous control measures of any petition in New Zealand's history. He acknowledged the possibility that some young signatures emerged, but refuted claims of young children participating, suggesting that any illegitimate signatures of that nature were promptly eliminated during the verification process. He also addressed concerns about individuals with intellectual disabilities, affirming that similar checks were in place to rule out those signatures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850919_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850919.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495892800
5810,20,09,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 20 September 1985)","On 20 September 1985, the New Zealand Parliament was set to continue its Estimates debate on the following Tuesday and Thursday, as reported by the Acting Leader of the House, Mr Hunt. The discussions were expected to focus on areas including Trade and Industry, Tourist and Publicity, Health, and the Post Office. A general debate along with the consideration of private members' bills was scheduled for Wednesday. During the session that began at 2 p.m., two petitions were presented by members. Mr N. H. Austin from the National Party, representing Bay of Islands, brought forth a petition signed by Reinhard Gunter Kluge and 9,150 others, urging Parliament to take action to protect the snapper fishery for commercial and recreational purposes. The petition highlighted concerns over inshore trawling which they argued was drastically reducing snapper fish stocks. The petitioners called for a ban on trawling in designated areas along both the west and east coasts. Mr W. R. Storey, also from the National Party and representing Waikato, presented a different petition from Mrs Imelda Clare Burns and 62 others. This petition opposed the introduction of legislation for homosexual law reform, indicating societal divisions on the topic. In other business, the annual report of the Queen Elizabeth II National Trust was tabled, and 18 questions were addressed by ministers. Housing Minister Mr Goff introduced the Residential Tenancies Bill, which was passed in a division with support from the Government at 42 votes to 27, and sent to the Social Services Select Committee for further consideration. Mr Hunt also sought urgency for the discussion on the Land Tax (Annual) Bill, which was approved following a division resulting in 40 votes for and 29 against. Following this, members resumed the debate on Education estimates. After a dinner break at 5.30 p.m., the House reconvened at 7.30 p.m. to continue the Education estimates debate, which concluded with their approval alongside the estimates for the Commission for the Environment. The discussions then shifted to the Police estimates, which were also approved. This led to the commencement of debates on Social Welfare estimates. However, the discussion on Social Welfare was adjourned at 11 p.m., allowing the House to resume urgent debates on the second reading of the Land Tax (Annual) Bill, which was interrupted by the House rising at 11.40 p.m. Overall, the day's business covered a mix of environmental, social, and legislative concerns that reflect the challenges and priorities of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850920_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850920.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,495979200
5811,23,09,1985,"Sexual Preference (Press, 23 September 1985)","In a letter to the editor dated 16 September 1985, Varian J. Wilson expressed his support for Professor Ney, who had faced disapproval from colleagues. Wilson accused others of using his name without permission to damage his reputation. He stated that he was withdrawing his active opposition to law reform, as the situation had changed. However, he maintained his belief that no medical professional could provide evidence indicating that sexual preference is established before a child reaches school age, questioning the idea of consent at just four years old. Wilson asserted that there is no known medical or biological basis for what he referred to as homosexual perversion, and he argued that psychological tests, including the Rorschach ink-blot test, are unable to differentiate homosexual individuals from heterosexual ones. He pointed out that even basic distinctions between male and female responses could not be reliably identified through such tests. While he acknowledged that schizophrenia can manifest early in life, he highlighted that only individuals exhibiting socially unacceptable behaviour are typically confined for their condition. Wilson suggested that similar considerations regarding degrees of homosexual compulsion are often overshadowed by religious and traditional biases, leading to an exclusion from the mental health discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850923_2_98_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850923.2.98.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496238400
5812,24,09,1985,"‘Gay’ Reform ‘supported By 67%’ (Press, 24 September 1985)","On 24 September 1985, a preliminary analysis conducted by the Wellington Gay Task Force indicated that 67 per cent of New Zealand's voting population is in favour of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This finding emerged from an examination of a petition that opposed the bill, with the Gay Task Force focusing on the breakdown of signatories by electorate. Spokesman Bill Logan stated that the Task Force relied on data provided by those behind the petition, noting that the figures clearly illustrated the number of individuals in each electorate who did not support the petition against reform. To bolster their analysis, the Task Force utilised census data from 1981, revealing that an average of 78.5 per cent of the population in each electorate was older than 12 years. Furthermore, 89 per cent of that demographic was over 18 and, thus, eligible to vote. Based on this data, Logan concluded that 67 per cent of the electoral population backs the reform initiative. He highlighted the assumption that those who chose not to sign the petition likely support some form of reform, given the extensive time frame—175 days—during which signatures had been collected. The petition garnered support from various avenues, including widespread distribution of petition forms and efforts by organisations such as the Salvation Army, which helped collect signatures across the country. The Gay Task Force announced that a more detailed analysis, segmented by electorate, would be released that day, including overall support figures for the reform in each region, while acknowledging some potential margin for error. Additionally, the Gay Task Force reported that support for the bill had risen to 62.3 per cent, marking a 1.6 per cent increase since a poll conducted in late June. There was also a minor decline in uncommitted opinions, which fell from 4.6 per cent. Peter Wall, the coordinator of the Task Force, interpreted the poll results as indicative of a growing acceptance of the bill across New Zealand, effectively overshadowing the opposing petition that was to be presented to Parliament on the same day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850924_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850924.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496324800
5815,24,09,1985,"Liberal Group Will Examine Petition (Press, 24 September 1985)","On 22 September 1985, a new liberal group named the Campaign for Tolerance was established in Auckland to challenge the prevailing moral majority movement opposing homosexual law reform. Approximately 70 individuals gathered for the inaugural meeting to ratify the group's constitution and discuss its structure and potential campaigns. Barbara Goodman, the chairwoman of the Campaign for Tolerance, announced that the group's initial focus would be on an 800,000-signature petition organised by Keith Hay and Sir Peter Tait, which opposed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This petition was anticipated to be submitted to Parliament the following day, where members of Parliament have indicated they will scrutinise the authenticity of the signatures on it. Goodman expressed concerns about the credibility of the petition, stating there was considerable suspicion surrounding its genuineness. The Campaign for Tolerance aims to assist Parliament in validating the petition's signatures. The group is targeting an initial membership of 1,000 individuals to support a full-time educational initiative that promotes a liberal perspective on contemporary issues, particularly those contested by conservative factions. In just two weeks of organisation, the Campaign for Tolerance secured interim office-bearers, obtained a temporary post office box and arranged short-term accommodation in Grafton, Auckland, with plans to move to permanent premises in Ponsonby in November. Goodman revealed that the organisation had already raised funds, having received unsolicited donations amounting to $1,680 at the meeting. The Campaign for Tolerance emerges as a response to the rise of moral conservatism, notably marked by the formation of the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, which is spearheading the campaign against homosexual law reform. Barry Reed, the spokesperson for the coalition, stated that his group welcomes the Campaign for Tolerance, expressing confidence in engaging in constructive debate. He noted that while some people dismiss traditional views as outdated, his group believes that many longstanding opinions are still valid and hopes their perspectives will be heard.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850924_2_78_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850924.2.78.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496324800
5814,24,09,1985,"Permissiveness (Press, 24 September 1985)","In a letter to the editor dated 20 September 1985, Paul Maling responds to Vernon Wilkinson’s claims regarding the treatment of homosexual individuals in New Zealand. Maling argues that Wilkinson holds contradictory views by simultaneously advocating for the prevention of ""debasement of the human being"" while supporting the criminalisation of individuals based on their sexual orientation. Maling suggests that the costs of heterosexual permissiveness should not fall on homosexuals, who are unfairly treated as scapegoats. He challenges Wilkinson's assertions that homosexuality is linked to acts such as bestiality and incest and maintains that homosexuality should be understood as existing alongside heterosexuality rather than being compared to these other acts. Maling points out that there has been no permissiveness towards homosexuality, highlighting that the Crimes Act of 1961 criminalises landlords who rent to homosexual tenants. He notes that there are numerous legal and social repercussions for homosexual individuals, including surveillance by the Security Intelligence Service, job discrimination, and police powers that allow for random stops and arrests based solely on perceived homosexual intent or acts. Maling concludes by stating that true immorality lies not in being different but in failing to allow others to exist as they are, reinforcing his viewpoint against the criminalisation of homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850924_2_71_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850924.2.71.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496324800
5813,24,09,1985,"Picket To Greet Bill’s Opponents (Press, 24 September 1985)","On 24 September 1985, amidst the ongoing debate over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand, supporters and opponents of the bill planned significant gatherings outside Parliament. Proponents of the bill, led by spokesperson Ms Trish Mullins, organised a peaceful picket at noon on Parliament's grounds to demonstrate their support for human rights. Mullins emphasised the importance of showcasing that there are New Zealanders who advocate for basic human rights and who are not swayed by the opposition to the bill. On the opposing side, a substantial petition against the bill was set to be presented, comprising an impressive total of 817,549 signatures. This petition is noted to be the largest ever submitted to the New Zealand Parliament and was to be delivered in 92 boxes, symbolising a significant display of dissent. Chief petitioner Mr Norman Jones, the MP for Invercargill, mentioned that the number of signatures was still growing, with an addition of approximately 2000 names daily. In addition to the main petition, Jones had gathered 218,660 signatures on his own but, due to Parliamentary regulations that prohibit members from submitting petitions under their own names, it was announced that his petition would instead be presented by Labour MP Geoff Braybrooke, who was also active in campaigning against the bill. Braybrooke, in turn, had collected 17,311 names which would be included in the delivery. This concurrent presentation of petitions highlighted the division within New Zealand on the issue of homosexual law reform, with strong sentiments on both sides of the debate being publicly showcased.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850924_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850924.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496324800
5816,25,09,1985,"Petition Arrives Amid Bitterness (Press, 25 September 1985)","A heated debate unfolded in the grounds of the New Zealand Parliament on 24 September 1985, as a substantial petition against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was presented, gathering over 800,000 signatures, a record for any issue in the country. The presentation saw around 700 supporters of the petition, who were vocal in their opposition to the proposed law, singing hymns and carrying banners proclaiming their message. They highlighted their claim that “the people have spoken” and demanded recognition of the signatures collected. In contrast, a group of about 200 activists supporting the reform expressed their disagreement with loud chants and songs, underscoring their stance with signs questioning the authenticity of the petition's signatures. The demonstration saw a police presence, and 23 individuals were arrested for breaches of the peace, many of whom were part of the opposition crowd. The petition was ceremoniously handed over in 95 boxes, emphasising themes of nationalism and family values, with petition leaders stressing the grassroots movement against the bill. The event featured prominent figures from the anti-reform camp, who warned politicians to heed the overwhelming disapproval from their constituents. They vowed to continue gathering signatures until they reached even higher numbers, suggesting that no amount of opposition would deter their commitment to halting the legislation. As the petitions were delivered to the Speaker of the House, the atmosphere was fraught with tension, as members of the public expressed their views vocally. The bill's sponsor, Fran Wilde, raised concerns about the petition's integrity, citing rampant fraud and misconduct in how signatures were collected, noting an influx of correspondence describing irregularities. Furthermore, the Anglican Church officially supported decriminalising homosexuality, arguing against the notion that opposition to the bill was a predominantly Christian standpoint. They highlighted the damaging effects of intolerance, advocating for love and forgiveness in alignment with Christ's teachings. While they agreed with certain aspects of the bill, they suggested exemptions for religious groups concerning discrimination against homosexuals in employment, echoing concerns about imposing particular moralities on individuals or organisations. Debate surrounding the age of consent for homosexual acts also emerged, with the Church recommending an alignment with heterosexual norms to combat inequality. There was an acknowledgment within the Church that while they opposed discrimination, they believed religious institutions should retain some discretion in matters of employment and theological education regarding active homosexuals. Overall, the events signalled a significant societal rift over the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, illuminating the clash between deeply held religious and conservative values versus evolving attitudes towards homosexuality and human rights within New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850925_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850925.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496411200
6731,25,09,1985,"Refuges For Women ‘taken Over By Extremists’ (Press, 25 September 1985)","On 25 September 1985, the Christchurch Battered Women’s Support Group, led by co-ordinator Mrs Doris Church, announced its resignation from the National Collective of Independent Women’s Refuges. This decision stemmed from concerns about the influence of what they described as extremist elements within the feminist movement, specifically referring to radical and lesbian separatists who have reportedly taken control of many refuges. Mrs Church articulated that the influx of government funding into the refuge movement has inadvertently fostered a hostile environment, which she claims has turned these refuges into employment platforms for individuals with extreme beliefs. Mrs Church expressed frustration over being instructed that men were no longer allowed to participate in their group's activities, highlighting further alienation from what she perceives as a radical faction within the collective. She called for a return to a more moderate brand of feminism that can appeal to a broader audience. The support group is seeking to reclaim the ""middle ground"" of feminism and make the term more acceptable again. In a newly released booklet titled “The Future of Refuge in New Zealand,"" both Dr John Church and Mrs Church outlined their reasons for resigning and proposed recommendations for improving the refuge system. They identified notable characteristics of the separatist women as being overly rigid in their political views and exhibiting a pronounced anti-men sentiment while excluding men from the refuge operations. The booklet criticises the aggressive tactics employed by these separatists during meetings, contending that their behaviour mirrors that of extreme groups regardless of gender. Mrs Church questioned how funds were allocated by the collective, suggesting that the distribution was unfair. She reported that attempts to address these concerns at meetings were met with hostility and dismissive behaviour by other members. The support group aims to steer clear of extremist views on either end, rejecting the notion that all men are inherently violent. Furthermore, Mrs Church clarified that their stance does not support any right-wing or male chauvinist agendas, emphasising that they remain a feminist organisation without separatist inclinations. A review team established by the Minister of Social Welfare, Mrs Hercus, is set to assess the operations of the collective, prompted by the rising demand for refuge services over the past five years. Mrs Hercus indicated that her team would review the claims made in the Churches' booklet but also clarified that funding would continue for groups that had resigned, contradicting the Churches' assertion that they forfeited government support. The collective's national co-ordinator, Ms Rosemary Ash, expressed her belief that the booklet misrepresents the many dedicated individuals working in refuges across the country, affirming that funding is allocated based on population and service metrics, and denying any claims of misconduct during meetings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850925_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850925.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496411200
6730,25,09,1985,"Repertory Theatre (Press, 25 September 1985)","The Repertory Theatre recently staged two one-act plays, “Old Comrades” by Robert Holies and “Rites” by Maureen Duffy, from 24 to 28 September 1985, directed by Penny Giddens. The theatre’s approach aimed to address an imbalance in male performers by choosing plays that feature a small male cast alongside a larger female cast. “Old Comrades” tells the story of retired Major Gerald Rutherford, who is portrayed by Patrick Dbwman, as he interacts with two soldiers from his past who took the blame for him during their military service. The review, written by Gerritt Bahlman, describes the script as predictable and reliant on an atmosphere of violence and latent cruelty. However, the production falls short of generating a believable sense of menace. The performances of Adrian McNamara and Allan Smith, who play the two soldiers, lack the necessary tension and confidence. While McNamara shows hints of what is needed in his delivery, Smith is noted for his imposing presence, yet does not convincingly portray the readiness for violence required by his character. The second piece, “Rites,” is set in a women's toilet in London around 1968, during a time of changing fashion with the emergence of mini-skirts. This play, which first debuted in an experimental programme at the National Theatre in 1969, flips the usual dynamics by instilling a feeling of menace towards men. The setting is governed by Ada, a monstrous female spider, played by Rozena Hallum. The play unfolds with a chorus of female characters, including office girls, a cleaner, an old tramp, widows, a suicidal girl, and housewives, which creates a blend of myth and reality. The narrative intertwines serious themes such as attempted suicide with darker elements like the brutal murder of a transvestite. The performance is described as forceful, with a detailed set designed by Giddens, effectively generating an atmosphere of hostility towards men. Overall, while the first play struggles to create the required tension, the second offers a stronger narrative driven by an ensemble cast. Both pieces reflect a unique exploration of themes relating to gender and power dynamics in a compelling yet challenging manner.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850925_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850925.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496411200
5817,25,09,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 25 September 1985)","On 25 September 1985, Mr. W. F. Birch, a National Party member from Franklin, presented a petition aimed at introducing a private member's bill to transfer lands at Port Waikato, along with funds and investments associated with those lands, from the New Zealand Mission Trust Board to trustees elected by members of the sub-tribes Ngati Karewa and Ngati Tahinga. This bill is set to be introduced in the next parliamentary sitting. Several petitions opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were also presented. Mr. N. P. H. Jones presented a petition signed by Geoffrey Braybrooke and 17,311 others, while Mr. G. B. Braybrooke delivered a petition from Mr. Norman Jones and 216,660 others. Additionally, Mr. G. E. Lee presented a petition from Mr. Keith Hay and Sir Peter Tait, which garnered 581,278 signatures opposing the reform. In other parliamentary activities, the annual report from the director-general of forests was tabled, and ministers addressed 17 questions. Mr. P. Neilson from the Labour Party reported that the Commerce and Marketing Select Committee had accepted the estimates for Tourist and Publicity, while Mr. Braybrooke noted that his committee also recommended acceptance of the Broadcasting estimates. Ms. Helen Clark from Mount Albert reported on the considerations of the Foreign Affairs and Defence Select Committee regarding the Patriotic and Canteen Funds Amendment Bill, which is set for its second reading next session. She also provided information on two petitions urging government action: one from Jenny Easton and Wendy Dove with 1,065 signatories calling for a public inquiry into the activities of the Tangimoana Defence Communications Unit and related U.S. military operations, and another from the Christchurch Latin America Group, supported by 538 individuals, requesting an end to U.S. violations of Nicaraguan sovereignty. Clark highlighted the committee's concern regarding foreign interference in Nicaragua and advocated for peaceful resolutions based on proposals from the Contadora group nations. The Nelson City Council (Trafalgar Park) Empowering Bill was returned from the Local Bills Select Committee without amendments, while the Crimes Amendment Bill (No 2) was also reported back from the justice and law reform committee without changes. The Land Tax (Annual) Bill successfully passed its second reading and subsequent stages without amendments. The parliamentary session included passing estimates for the Tourist and Publicity Department, leading to a debate on the Trade and Industry Department's estimates. Following an adjournment for dinner at 5:30 p.m., the House reconvened at 7:30 p.m., continued with the Trade and Industry Department estimates, and then moved on to debate the Post Office estimates, which were subsequently passed. The session focused on the Social Welfare Department estimates before the House rose at 11 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850925_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850925.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496411200
5819,26,09,1985,"‘Gays’ Deny Reports (Press, 26 September 1985)","On 26 September 1985, reports emerged that opponents of a petition against homosexual law reform in New Zealand denied allegations of having broken an agreement with the Speaker of Parliament, Dr Gerry Wall. The situation escalated when Senior-Sergeant Peter Rodger announced the arrest of 23 individuals associated with the opposition to the petition for breaching the peace during a demonstration outside Parliament. The gathering coincided with the presentation of the petition. Bill Logan, a representative from the Gay Task Force, contested the police's claims, stating that there was a misunderstanding regarding the agreement with Dr Wall. According to Logan, the members of the Gay Task Force complied fully with Dr Wall's directive, which prohibited banners, placards, and visibly protesting members from crossing the designated barriers into the paved areas directly in front of Parliament. He clarified that those arrested were not in line with his organisation's actions, emphasising that the individual using a loud-hailer who was taken into custody was not under his supervision. This incident highlighted the tensions around the contentious issue of homosexual law reform, reflecting both the differing interpretations of the rules of engagement in public protests and the ongoing struggle for LGBTQ+ rights in New Zealand at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
5821,26,09,1985,"Defects Seen In Petition (Press, 26 September 1985)","A random analysis of a petition against the proposed Homosexual Law Reform in New Zealand has revealed significant flaws, according to Fran Wilde, a supporter of the reform and Labour MP for Wellington Central. Wilde requested the Clerk of the House of Representatives, David McGee, to select two boxes of petition forms for scrutiny: one random box and one she hoped would contain signatures from her electorate. Wilde expressed disappointment upon inspecting the boxes, which were showcased in a dramatic event outside Parliament. Contrary to the public perception that each box contained signatures from specific electorates, she discovered that both boxes were mostly empty. The boxes measured 10.5 inches deep, but the collected paper filled only two inches at the bottom, indicating they did not reflect specific electorates as initially claimed by petitioners. The organisers later acknowledged that the boxes were associated with geographic regions rather than electorates, but even that assertion was misleading according to Wilde. Upon analysing the signature forms, Wilde reported that both boxes included forms from a broad range, spanning from Northland to Otago. A thorough examination of the signatures involved reviewing forms against electoral rolls, which proved difficult due to the illegibility of many entries. After 22 person-hours of analysis, summarising 410 signatures from 22 pages, she found that 9% of the signatures were illegible, while an alarming 61% did not appear on the electoral roll, and only 30% were valid. Wilde noticed that, from a sample focused on the Wellington region, only four names matched addresses on the Wellington Central electoral roll. In contrast, for two signatures, while the names were uncertain, their addresses were valid. A particularly notable signature found was ""B. Bardot"", alongside other dubious entries. Wilde pointed out instances of suspiciously similar handwriting, including one address in Wainuiomata where five different names appeared, all written in the same hand. This analysis raises questions about the authenticity and credibility of the petition against the Homosexual Law Reform, shedding light on the potential inaccuracies in its tallied support against the proposed legal changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
5823,26,09,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 26 September 1985)","In a letter published on 26 September 1985, David Shanks critiques the ongoing discourse surrounding homosexual law reform, specifically targeting the contributions of Vernon Wilkinson, whom he describes as a source of obscurantist arguments. Shanks asserts that the essential question at hand is the justification for criminal law to intervene in the private conduct of consenting adults. He argues that discussing this issue rationally renders opinion polls, petitions, and referendums irrelevant, labelling an upcoming petition to Parliament as a mere waste of resources. Instead of relying on public sentiment or the opinions of vocal opponents, Shanks advocates for a more principled approach to determining legal changes, suggesting that societal or emotional responses should not influence the creation of laws concerning personal behaviour. He emphasises that ethical and legal questions should be assessed through more substantive methods than the popularity of viewpoints among different factions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_80_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.80.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
5820,26,09,1985,"Law Reform Opponents Seek To Sway M.P.s (Press, 26 September 1985)","On 26 September 1985, a campaign opposing the homosexual law reform in New Zealand intensified its efforts by sending 95 glossy, gold-coloured brochures to all members of Parliament. Each brochure, personalised with the name of the respective MP and their electorate, featured an outline of New Zealand adorned with an artist's representation of an anti-reform petition. Prominently displayed was the phrase ""For God, for family, for country,"" encircled in gold. The campaign, led by chief petitioners such as Mr Keith Hay and supported by Mr Charles Linden, a Justice of the Peace, asserted that the petition process had been thorough and honest. The materials included data on the significance of the MPs' majority in their electorates and the number of signatures they had collected opposing the reform. Since March 21, the campaign claimed to have gathered 800,000 signatures, indicating a public mandate against the bill. The brochure argued that this petition underscored a desire for a ""moral direction"" in New Zealand, stating that the public was weary of attacks on family values and traditional sexuality norms. Mr Hay expressed that the proposed legislation contradicted the common decency standards held by a substantial number of New Zealand citizens and emphasised that the so-called 'silent majority' was now vocalising their opposition to what they termed as ""sodomy,"" which they labelled a cause of disease. He signalled that if the law were passed, their campaign would persist and become a pivotal issue in the upcoming General Election. In response, Ms Fran Wilde, a supporter of the legislation and member from Wellington Central, condemned the brochure's presentation, particularly its implication that signatories could be equated with electoral voters. She highlighted the misleading association between the signatures collected and the electoral rolls. The debate over the reform reflected a broader clash of values within New Zealand society during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
5824,26,09,1985,"Names ‘feared’ On Moral Majority Mailing List (Press, 26 September 1985)","On 26 September 1985, Fran Wilde, a Labour MP for Wellington Central and sponsor of the Homosexual Law Reform legislation, expressed concern that names and addresses of petition signatories opposing the reform might be exploited for direct-mail campaigns by the Moral Majority, a US-based organisation. Wilde, who was in the United States studying the operations of the Moral Majority, noted that her office had been contacted by individuals fearful that their personal information would be used without consent. Wilde highlighted the alarming parallels between the political campaigning tactics seen in the United States and what was emerging in New Zealand. She intended to acquire a list of signatories from her electorate's petition to verify their consent to be included on the mailing lists. During her time in the US, she gathered insights into how opposition groups manipulate Christianity for political purposes, viewing this as a valuable learning opportunity that could help New Zealand avert similar issues. She pointed out negative aspects of the US political landscape, including reliance on religious mailing lists for fundraising and campaigning, exemplified by controversial figures such as Reverend Jerry Falwell, known for his extreme views and political fundraising tactics. Wilde condemned these practices as manipulative, describing them as a ""dreadful plague of false righteousness."" The Christchurch Gay Task Force also responded positively to the petition's presentation against the Homosexual Law Reform. Spokesman Hugh Gaw remarked that the petition had functioned as an unofficial referendum, indicating substantial public sentiment regarding the reform. Despite the opposition's extensive advertising efforts, he claimed that only about a quarter of the New Zealand population supported the petition, implying that the majority either favoured or were indifferent to the proposed law changes. Gaw expressed relief that the petition process appeared to be nearing conclusion, as concerns had arisen over its lengthy duration and the ability of petitioners to garner sufficient support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
5818,26,09,1985,"Opponents (Press, 26 September 1985)","On 26 September 1985, around 700 people gathered on the grounds of Parliament to oppose the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The occasion was marked by the presentation of a petition against the bill. However, a report published the previous day in ""The Press"" contained a printing error, inaccurately stating that the attendees were proponents of the bill rather than opponents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
5822,26,09,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 26 September 1985)","On 26 September 1985, the Speaker of the House, Dr Wall, addressed a point of order regarding the scheduling of select committee meetings during a session that began at 2 p.m. Mr W. F. Birch, the National Party member for Franklin, sought clarity after a disagreement arose with the Government over the Finance and Expenditure Select Committee's meeting times. During the session, members deliberated on the significance accorded to private members’ bills listed on the Order Paper. In response to a point of order raised earlier in the week, Dr Wall confirmed that petitions opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were legitimate and could be presented to Parliament. One such petition presented by Minister of Employment, Mr Burke, was signed by Ronald Arthur Pearson and 507 others, urging the Government to reconsider the current individual transferable quota and total allowable catch systems used in fishing. The New Zealand Finn Commission's annual report was tabled, alongside responses from Ministers to a total of 16 questions. Mr Hunt, the Acting Leader of the House, proposed a motion to expand the membership of the Parliamentary Service Commission, a motion that included the appointments of Doctors M. J. Cullen and Mr D. C. McKinnon, as well as Mr W. R. Storey and Mr J. J. Terris. The House subsequently engaged in a general debate under Standing Orders. Mr Birch introduced the New Zealand Mission Trust (Port Waikato Maraetai) Empowering Bill, which was forwarded to the Justice and Law Reform Select Committee after its introduction. The Nelson City Council (Trafalgar Park) Empowering Bill was also on the agenda and underwent its second reading. Members returned to the interrupted discussion concerning the Nuclear-Free New Zealand Bill, a private member's initiative led by Mr G. T. Knapp of the Democratic Party for East Coast Bays. The debate continued until the House adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m. Upon reconvening at 7.30 p.m., the bill was officially introduced following a vote that concluded with 42 in favour and 30 against, and it was then assigned to the Foreign Affairs and Defence Select Committee. The Acting Minister of Justice, Mr Caygill, presented the Electoral Amendment Bill (No. 2), which was also introduced via a vote of 41 to 30, proceeding to the Justice and Law Reform Select Committee. Additionally, Mr D. W. A. Marshall from the National Party, representing Rangitikei, proposed a private member’s bill titled the Export of Sheep and Cattle for Slaughter Bill. The discussion on this bill was halted as the House rose at 11 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
6732,26,09,1985,"Women’s Refuge Movement Upset About Statement (Press, 26 September 1985)","On 26 September 1985, the Christchurch Women’s Refuge expressed its shock and disappointment over recent statements made by Mrs Doris Church, coordinator of the Christchurch Battered Women’s Support Group. The refuge collective, represented by spokeswoman Ms Kate Rose, found Mrs Church's remarks offensive, particularly her claims that many refuges for battered women had been infiltrated by radical elements of the feminist movement. Mrs Church suggested that Government funding had merely created an employment platform for extremist feminists. In response, Mrs Church and her husband, Dr John Church, published a booklet titled ""The Future of Refuge in New Zealand,"" outlining their reasons for withdrawing from the national collective and including recommendations for the future of refuges. Ms Rose refuted Mrs Church's assertions, emphasising that the Christchurch Women’s Refuge operates as a collective, comprising about 30 women from diverse backgrounds united by the goal of supporting other women. She pointed out that the organisation, established in 1974, is not anti-men, but rather anti-violent men. The collective includes women with varying life experiences, such as those who are single, married, or in relationships with women. Ms Rose stated that while the group shares a feminist perspective, members come from a range of backgrounds and experiences, including those who have left violent relationships and those who have stable, non-violent partnerships. Moreover, seven other women’s groups in Christchurch joined in the criticism of Mrs Church's comments. They labelled her claims as misleading and alarming, highlighting that organisations such as Rape Crisis, Incest Survivors, Women Against Pornography, Night Shelter for Women, Women’s Centre Coalition, The Health Alternatives for Women, and Women Against Violence had consistently found the Christchurch Women’s Refuge to be supportive and caring towards those they referred. These representatives publicly denounced the derogatory statements made by Dr and Mrs Church, pledging their full support to the New Zealand Women’s Refuge movement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850926_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850926.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496497600
6943,27,09,1985,"Auckland’s Night Life Exposed (Press, 27 September 1985)","On 27 September 1985, Auckland filmmaker Geoff Steven showcased the city's vibrant nightlife in his 25-minute television programme ""Kaleidoscope,"" specifically an episode titled ""Night On The Town"" aired on One. The programme offered viewers a glimpse into various entertainment venues across Auckland, ranging from performance cafes to clubs, highlighting places such as Alfies, known for its impressive transvestite shows. The documentary also featured high-end dining spots like Melba, which boasts the highest champagne consumption of any New Zealand restaurant, alongside the Naughty Knickers Club, renowned for its exotic dances. Geoff Steven aimed not to shock but to present an unfiltered view of Auckland's nightlife. He remarked that the programme serves as a mix of performances showcasing both talented and less skilled entertainers, leaving it to the audience to form their judgments based on personal preferences. The filming of ""A Night On The Town"" was conducted over one hectic week, beginning late afternoons and wrapping up around 2 a.m., which led to a frenetic atmosphere for the crew. On one particular night, the team visited multiple locations, including Dirty Dicks theme restaurant, the ""Rocky Horror Picture Show"" at Avondale’s Hollywood Cinema, and the gay club Alfies, causing a sense of disorientation among the crew by the end of the shoot. Steven explained that the documentary reflects his interest in illustrating the richness of community life that is often overshadowed by conventional suburban norms in New Zealand. He has previously made notable contributions in the film industry, including a documentary on tattooing hosted by Peter Fonda and two feature films, ""Strata"" and ""Skin Deep."" Through ""A Night On The Town,"" Geoff Steven expressed his desire to reveal the dynamic experiences that exist outside the realm of mainstream entertainment in Auckland.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850927_2_77_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850927.2.77.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496584000
5825,27,09,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 27 September 1985)","On 27 September 1985, the Acting Leader of the House, Mr Hunt, announced the agenda for the parliamentary week commencing 8 October, following the recess. The House would meet at 2 p.m. that day for discussions on various pieces of legislation on the Order Paper and the introduction of new bills. A general debate and the consideration of private members' bills were scheduled for Wednesday afternoon. Estimates discussions were planned for Tuesday and Thursday, focusing on the budgets for Works and Development, Agriculture and Fisheries, the Rural Bank, and Housing. Mr Hunt confirmed that urgency would be invoked to pass an Imprest Supply Bill during the evening session. Mr T. C. Mallard, representing the Labour Party, presented a petition from the New Zealand University Students’ Association and 6074 others, advocating for the continuation of a $75 weekly subsidy for employers of students and trainees during the 1985-86 summer vacation. The petition also called for increased support for student job search initiatives to promote equitable access to tertiary education. Another petition, submitted by Mrs Pamela McClelland and 110 others, urged Parliament to reject the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This was presented by Mr Bill Dillon of the Labour Party. Reports from the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority and the Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council were tabled, and ministers responded to 21 questions during the session. The Minister of Transport, Mr Prebble, presented a petition from Mr Bute Hewes and 158 others requesting an amendment to the National Roads Act, 1953, which would provide exemptions for Waiheke Island and similar islands regarding the allocation of motor revenue to mainland State highways. Mr Hunt moved to grant urgency for the presentation of select committee reports, allowing for the consideration of the Appropriation Bill (No. 2), the introduction and passage of the Imprest Supply Bill (No. 2), the final stages of the Copyright Amendment Bill, and review of the Higher Salaries and Allowances Bill. Following a division, urgency was granted with a vote of 45-31. Reports from the Primary Producers Select Committee, the Social Services Select Committee, and the Labour Select Committee endorsed the acceptance of respective estimates related to Agriculture and Fisheries, Housing, and the Labour Department. An amendment proposed by Mr C. B. Townshend to send a bill back to committee for further review was defeated. Debate continued on the estimates and adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m., resuming at 7.30 p.m., where the social welfare estimates were passed. The estimates for women's affairs were also approved without further debate before the House turned to the health estimates, which were adjourned at 10.55 p.m. The session concluded with the government moving to introduce the Imprest Supply Bill (No. 2), but debate on its introduction was interrupted as the House rose at midnight.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850927_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850927.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496584000
5830,28,09,1985,"America Sets Out To Tackle A.I.D.S. (Press, 28 September 1985)","In September 1985, the AIDS crisis gained significant public attention following a high-profile fundraising banquet in Hollywood, spearheaded by celebrities like Elizabeth Taylor. The event raised more than $1 million from the sale of 2,500 tickets, priced between $250 and $1,000. There is widespread fear surrounding Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a nearly always fatal condition, spawning reactions that some describe as panic. Many people mistakenly believe that the AIDS virus can be contracted through casual contact, leading to a range of societal concerns, including whether schools should exclude children with AIDS and how to interact with infected individuals. As of September 1985, the U.S. government's Centre for Disease Control reported 13,228 AIDS cases since June 1981, with 6,758 fatalities, representing a 51 percent death rate. Projections suggest that the number of cases could double within a year, potentially leading to a death toll of between 20,000 and 30,000 over the next five years. The majority of AIDS cases involve homosexual or bisexual men, intravenous drug users, and individuals who received contaminated blood. The virus responsible for AIDS, Human T-cell Lymphotrophic Virus type 3 (HTLV-3), attacks the body's immune system, specifically helper T-cells, leading to various opportunistic infections when the immune system is compromised. Currently, an estimated 500,000 to one million Americans may have been exposed to the virus, with 5 to 10 percent expected to develop AIDS within a ten-year period. For each fully developed case of AIDS, there are estimated to be between five and ten cases of AIDS-related complex (ARC), characterised by mild symptoms such as weight loss and fever. Transmission primarily occurs through sexual activities involving blood, sharing needles among drug users, and, to a lesser extent, from contaminated blood products or in utero from an infected mother. There is no evidence suggesting the virus can be transmitted through saliva or tears, although it has been isolated in these fluids. Efforts to ensure the safety of the blood supply have intensified, with screenings for potential donors now mandatory and specific guidelines in place for military recruits. Despite these challenges, a few experimental drugs are being tested, with some showing promise, albeit with significant side effects. Research for a vaccine continues, although experts warn that the constantly mutating virus presents a substantial obstacle. The societal response to AIDS has been complex, often tainted by stigma linked to the behaviours associated with the virus, primarily homosexuality and drug use. Advocacy for public health education and compassionate treatment of those affected is growing, as exemplified by Los Angeles's legislation against AIDS discrimination in employment and housing. However, campaigns promoting safe sex practices among high-risk groups often face backlash. The struggle to balance public health needs with the rights and dignity of individuals living with AIDS remains a critical issue in American society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850928_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850928.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496670400
5826,28,09,1985,"Dept ‘understating’ A.I.D.S. Issue (Press, 28 September 1985)","A visiting medical school professor, Dr David Sutherland from Newcastle Medical School in New South Wales, has publicly criticised New Zealand health authorities for their inadequate public awareness campaigns regarding AIDS. Speaking at a news conference on 28 September 1985, called by health spokesman Mr Philip Burdon, Professor Sutherland expressed concern that the Health Department was downplaying a critical issue. He emphasised that New Zealand should leverage its geographical isolation to learn from the experiences of countries like the United States, England, and Australia, which he noted had made the error of inaction in dealing with the AIDS crisis. Professor Sutherland argued that the prevailing attitude of avoiding panic should be reconsidered. He posited that having a controlled public awareness and discussion about AIDS would be more beneficial for society, rather than waiting until the situation escalated into widespread hysteria and discrimination. He called for a more proactive approach, stressing the need for awareness campaigns that reached all segments of society, including schools, healthcare providers, and the LGBTQ+ communities. He pointed out that informal discussions with groups such as prostitutes—who, according to him, would want to stay informed to protect their health—were essential to comprehensive public education about the disease. Professor Sutherland, who is also the director of the Hunter Immunology Unit, insisted that a broad-based educational effort is necessary, stating that informing the public about AIDS constitutes ""an enormous job"" that cannot be postponed. He noted that it was counterproductive to wait for a crisis, which could lead to polarisation within the community. In related discussions, Mr Burdon condemned the comments of Health Minister Dr Bassett, who accused the Abbott blood-screening test for AIDS as scientifically unsound during a Parliament session. Burdon labeled the comments as both impertinent and untrue, asserting that the government could have implemented the test—which New Zealand’s Abbott manager claimed had been available since July—much earlier. He noted that the Abbott test had a sensitivity of 98 per cent, which was internationally recognised. Professor Sutherland reinforced this by stating the importance of screening blood for AIDS antibodies, indicating that following established standards would safeguard public health. Overall, the meeting highlighted urgent calls for enhanced public engagement and educational strategies regarding AIDS in New Zealand, in light of the risk of a potential crisis if authorities continued to downplay the issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850928_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850928.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496670400
5829,28,09,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 28 September 1985)","The Anglican Church in New Zealand has officially expressed its support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, a decision that has sparked a variety of strong reactions in the community. Critics argue that this decision contradicts centuries of Christian teaching, which condemns homosexuality based on various biblical texts. Letters published in response to this announcement reflect a mix of outrage and support for traditional views on sexuality, with contributors citing specific scripture passages to reinforce their stance. Bert Walker condemned the church’s decision, arguing that it undermines biblical teachings and enables what he views as the immoralisation of society, while also accusing the World Council of Churches of promoting a Marxist agenda. Others, such as Mrs P. E. O'Callaghan, expressed concern over the implications of the law reform bill for workplace freedoms, suggesting that it would infringe upon employers' rights to choose their employees. Richard Courtenay similarly lamented the shift in societal values, asserting that some clergymen deny the biblical condemnation of sodomy, pointing to various scriptural references. Enid M. Lewis and E. Glenys Lewis questioned the legitimacy of those who presented a petition against the law reform, doubting their representation of the broader populace and critiquing the emotional tactics employed at the protest. Vernon Wilkinson voiced discomfort with the perceived ""trendy"" nature of the bill and raised questions about societal norms, indicating skepticism regarding the acceptance of homosexual teachers in schools, while also suggesting that laws against bestiality could face similar scrutiny if societal views shifted. Letitia B. Onions highlighted the integrity of the gay community's efforts, arguing against the confrontational tactics used by the opposition and suggesting that their approach is more respectful of democratic processes. Finally, Ian Rowland and Yvonne Holmes defended the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, pointing out that while the anti-reform petition gathered a substantial number of signatures, recent polls indicate that over 60% of New Zealanders actually support decriminalising homosexuality, thereby challenging the narrative that the anti-reform movement represents the majority view. Overall, the debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is marked by deep divisions within New Zealand society, reflecting broader global conversations about sexuality, rights, and morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850928_2_99_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850928.2.99.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496670400
5828,28,09,1985,"Ms Wilde Rejects Petition Claim (Press, 28 September 1985)","In a recent debate regarding a petition concerning homosexual law reform, Ms Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central, responded strongly to claims made by Mr Graeme Lee, the National Party representative for Hauraki. Mr Lee suggested that supporters of the reform had initiated their own petition, which Wilde found ""staggering."" She asserted that this was not the case and had consistently advised supporters against diverting attention to a ""numbers game."" Wilde invited Mr Lee to visit her office to examine what she described as false signatures on the petition. She acknowledged that several MPs, including Mr Lee, had examined the petition forms and expressed interest in their findings. Regarding electoral rolls, while she agreed they can become outdated, she dismissed as ""ludicrous"" the idea that there could be a 60 percent failure rate in matching names with identities within just 18 months. There had been a shift in claims from the petition organisers, who initially stated that ""thousands of names"" were invalid, to a more modest assertion that ""500 doubtful names had not been included."" Wilde illustrated her concerns by mentioning bizarre signatories, including one listed as ""B. Bardot,"" and others with names such as ""Conan the Barbarian"" and an address spoofing ""Rasta Row, Jamaica."" She initiated a verification of the signatures against the electoral rolls after the petition's organisers claimed they could accurately match names to electorates, questioning whether a master petition existed that aligned with the discrepancies found. Moreover, Mr Trevor Mallard, a member of the Labour Party representing Hamilton West, interjected in the discussion, expressing surprise that Mr Lee claimed not to have details regarding a survey conducted by the University of Waikato on the petition. Mallard stated that he had already provided Mr Lee with documentation that detailed the methodology employed in the university's demographic survey. This exchange highlights ongoing tensions in parliament concerning the legitimacy and accuracy of the petition for homosexual law reform, as various MPs scrutinise the process and the claims surrounding it. The dialogue reflects broader societal debates around the issue of homosexual law reform in New Zealand during this period in 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850928_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850928.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496670400
5827,28,09,1985,"Supporters Desperate Over Bill—mr Lee (Press, 28 September 1985)","On 28 September 1985, tensions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were escalating, particularly concerning a petition against it. Mr Graeme Lee, a National Party member from Hauraki and a promoter of the anti-reform petition, stated that attempts by supporters of the bill to undermine the petition were intensifying. He commented on the predictability of these ""frantic and frenetic activities,"" asserting that unless the petition could be discredited, proponents of the law reform could not claim it had public backing. Lee challenged the opponents to produce a counter-petition that demonstrated greater support, emphasising that a pro-reform petition had been circulating and now was the time for its advocates to present their findings. He pointed out that there had been excessive criticism of the anti-reform petition, along with bold assertions unsupported by evidence. He specifically derided an investigation led by Ms Fran Wilde, a Labour MP who introduced the reform legislation, into the validity of signatures on the petition. He argued that any claims made about the petition's authenticity would require a full examination of all signatures, a task he estimated would take a team working full-time nearly two years to complete. Lee also mentioned hearing about a University of Waikato study related to the petition, though he lacked details. He noted that some individuals who signed the petition were not on the electoral rolls, including secondary school students and those who became eligible to vote since the rolls had last been updated 18 months prior. He argued that electoral rolls quickly become outdated. Lee dismissed concerns regarding illegible signatures as overly simplistic, asserting that many people have difficult-to-read signatures, himself included. He clarified that while petition organisers encouraged signatories to print their names alongside their signatures, the petition was valid with just a signature and address. He acknowledged that errors existed in the signatures, including the notable case of a ""B. Bardot,"" which had been cited as dubious, but he highlighted that the organisers had already removed 500 questionable names from the petition. Some sheets had been photocopied and eliminated as invalid. Lee expressed his belief that the disparaging remarks about the integrity of petition signers by proponents of the bill were damaging to the proponents' credibility, as many New Zealanders had signed the petition in good faith.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850928_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850928.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496670400
7681,30,09,1985,"Criminals To Pay Victims (Press, 30 September 1985)","The new Criminal Justice Act, 1985, which comes into effect on 1 October 1985, focuses on compensation for crime victims and community involvement in offender rehabilitation. The Act aims to shift from traditional punitive measures towards alternatives intended to reduce New Zealand’s prison population. A key feature is the introduction of a “reparation” sentence, which will be the primary penalty for many property offences. Offenders convicted of theft, fraud, and similar crimes will generally not face prison unless exceptional circumstances warrant it. Instead, they will be required to compensate victims for the value of stolen or damaged property. Certain serious offences, including burglary, violent crimes, and threats to life, will not fall under the reparation sentence. In cases where offenders lack the means to pay restitution, the report from the Justice Department indicates that imposing such a sentence may be inappropriate, potentially leading to unrealistic expectations. The objective is to enhance victim compensation and make justice more accessible without the need for civil court proceedings. Alongside the reparation sentence, a “community care” sentence is also set to be implemented, which requires the offender’s consent. Offenders can receive this sentence for crimes punishable by imprisonment, obliging them to complete a programme lasting up to 12 months. This can involve a variety of services, including medical, social, and educational support, or potentially placement within an ethnic or religious group. Community support helpers may qualify for grants to cover costs associated with managing these programmes. The community care sentence must be given alongside either reparation or a fine and cannot include probation supervision, as it is assumed that motivated individuals will not require additional oversight. Significant modifications to parole provisions are also introduced. Every prisoner will become eligible for parole after serving half their sentence or after seven years, whichever is shorter. Two boards will oversee parole cases: the existing Parole Board will manage lifers and those serving longer sentences, while new district prison boards will focus on prisoners with shorter terms. Newly released prisoners will be required to engage in community-care programmes. The Act raises the minimum age for sentencing to imprisonment from 15 to 16 years, with exceptions only for the most serious crimes. Similarly, the age for remand has been increased from 15 to 17 years, except for indictable offences. The previous probation sentence has been renamed to supervision, with the implication that those under supervision will be overseen by probation officers. The Act stems from feedback included in the 1981 Penal Policy Review Committee report, which laid the foundation for the changes. Following earlier legislative proposals, the current bill was introduced by the new Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, after extensive public consultation and consideration of prior submissions. A public meeting to discuss the Act is scheduled for the evening of 1 October at the Canterbury Public Library, facilitated by the Justice Department.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850930_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850930.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496843200
5831,30,09,1985,"Demand Instead Of Handshake (Press, 30 September 1985)","On 28 September 1985, an incident occurred during a National Party event in West Auckland involving Norman Jones, the National member of Parliament for Invercargill. While preparing to address a gathering at a wine and cheese evening, Mr Jones was unexpectedly confronted by Neil Bartlett, the chairman of the party’s Waitakere electorate committee. Instead of the anticipated handshake, Bartlett delivered a demand for Jones’s resignation, accompanied by a letter stating that Jones's public statements against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were offensive and embarrassing for the National Party. Bartlett articulated his discontent by wearing a badge from a group named Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays, emphasizing his stance on the issue. Following the presentation of the letter, a verbal exchange ensued between the two. In response, Jones expressed his displeasure at the use of the Waitakere National Party organisation's letterhead for such a personal critique, stating that Bartlett was not representing the party's official position. He also took issue with the public setting in which Bartlett chose to deliver his resignation demand. This incident highlights the internal conflicts within the National Party regarding attitudes towards the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, reflecting broader societal debates at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850930_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850930.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496843200
5833,30,09,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 30 September 1985)","In letters published on 30 September 1985, several correspondents expressed views on the topic of homosexuality, consent, and societal perceptions of sexual relationships, particularly involving minors and teachers. M. Viney critiqued the Anglican Church’s stance on determining an appropriate age for consent to sodomy by drawing an analogy to the age at which girls can legally consent to sexual intercourse. Viney argued that equating the two acts fails to consider the biological implications of sexual intercourse, which can lead to conception, unlike sodomy. The letter suggested that referencing the age of consent for intercourse in the context of sodomy serves to improperly normalise both activities as equivalent, which Viney strongly opposed. D. M. Madgin responded to Vernon Wilkinson, who had previously expressed strong views on the risks posed by homosexual teachers supervising children during sports activities. Madgin accused Wilkinson of being overly emotional and irrational, suggesting that his personal experiences may have clouded his judgement on the issues of sexuality, conflating paedophilia, homosexuality, and bestiality in his arguments. Madgin argued that those with negative experiences, regardless of the sexual orientation of the perpetrator, share similar fears and proposed that Wilkinson should seek healing in a support group. B. Roberts added to the discourse by questioning the dietary choices of Richard Courtenay and Bert Walker regarding oysters, drawing a parallel to biblical prohibitions against homosexuality. Roberts pointed out that the Leviticus passage deemed both actions as ""abominable,"" highlighting a perceived hypocrisy regarding selective adherence to scripture. Roberts entertained Wilkinson's ideas about teacher supervision during school excursions, suggesting that perhaps lesbian teachers should oversee excursions for boys and homosexual teachers for girls as a solution to parental concerns about supervision, thereby flipping the traditional narrative surrounding fears of homosexual educators. These letters represent a snapshot of the contentious debates regarding sexuality, morality, and societal norms during 1985, reflecting a clash of opinions surrounding the implications of sexual consent and the role of educators in relation to students. The correspondents questioned not only the logic of drawing parallels between different types of sexual activity but also the biases and fears that underpin societal conversations about homosexuality, consent, and safety in schools.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850930_2_127_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850930.2.127.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496843200
5832,30,09,1985,"M.P. Bet Bottom Dollar —and Lost It (Press, 30 September 1985)","On 30 September 1985, Graeme Lee, the National MP for Hauraki, engaged in a wager regarding a telephone survey conducted by Waikato University social scientists, which assessed the opinions of Hamilton East voters on an anti-homosexual law reform petition. Lee, who had initially expressed confidence in the overwhelming support for the petition, was surprised to find that only 37 per cent of the electoral roll had signed it, as indicated by the survey results. In contrast, petition organisers claimed that around 97 per cent of voters in the Hamilton East electorate had backed the petition. Despite his initial scepticism, after reviewing the survey data, Lee acknowledged that the research appeared to have been conducted to a professional standard. However, he disagreed with the results and raised concerns about the wording of the survey question: “Did you or did you not sign the petition on homosexual law reform?” He suggested that the phrasing might have caused confusion for some respondents. Lee pointed out that the existence of a competing pro-reform petition in Hamilton could have further muddled the responses, leading to misunderstandings among voters. This situation illustrates the complexities and challenges associated with gauging public opinion on contentious social issues, particularly when multiple petitions are in circulation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19850930_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850930.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496843200
5834,01,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 1 October 1985)","In letters to the editor published on 1 October 1985, A. D. Carstairs and Craig Hood express their views on recent discussions surrounding the condemnation of homosexuality and the implications of legal reforms. Carstairs critiques Bert Walker and Richard Courtenay for relying on Biblical passages to support their anti-homosexual stance, noting the absence of Gospel references in their arguments. He highlights St Paul’s perspective, particularly from I Corinthians, where Paul seemingly advises against marriage and sexual relations, instead suggesting abstinence due to the anticipated Second Coming. Carstairs contends that this perspective illuminates Paul's flawed reasoning and raises questions about the applicability of some Biblical attitudes in contemporary Christian thought. He commends the Anglican Church's recognition that not all views in the Bible align with Christian principles. On a related note, Craig Hood responds to Vernon Wilkinson’s remarks on a bill aimed at decriminalising certain sexual acts. Hood challenges Wilkinson's assertion that such a bill cannot be devoid of a ""sexual flavour,"" suggesting that Wilkinson’s views reflect personal bias rather than rational judgement. He further argues that laws are merely a reflection of societal values at a given time and should not be conflated with notions of something being ""natural."" Both letters contribute to the ongoing debate about the intersection of faith, morality, and legal reform regarding sexual orientation in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851001_2_93_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851001.2.93.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496929600
5836,01,10,1985,"Sociologists Support Homosexual Bill (Press, 1 October 1985)","On 1 October 1985, submissions supporting the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were presented to Parliament’s Statutes Revision Committee by the Sociological Association and the Faculty of Law at Victoria University. The Sociological Association endorsed the bill in its entirety, arguing that homosexual conduct should be legally treated the same as heterosexual conduct. They asserted that the law should not dictate sexual behaviour unless public decency or victims are involved, highlighting that the current law was unenforceable and often regarded with contempt. The Association found it paradoxical that New Zealand, known for its human rights record, did not equally extend these rights to a significant minority based on their sexual orientation. They argued that differing ages of consent contributed to unhappy and unfulfilling heterosexual relationships among some homosexual men, urging that law reform would assist younger homosexual individuals in their self-acceptance by removing legal reinforcement of social disapproval. The Faculty of Law's submission, authored by lecturers lan Macduff, Grant Liddell, and Paul Mackay, expressed general support from faculty members and included signatures from 24 individuals, including the Dean, Professor G. S. Orr. Their submission backed the proposed amendments to the Crimes Act, which would treat same-sex sexual activity similarly to heterosexual activity, and strongly advocated for a uniform age of consent at 16. The faculty expressed that there were no compelling reasons to justify different ages of consent for men and women and highlighted the importance of human rights provisions in the bill, asserting that homosexuals deserved the same freedom from discrimination as other minorities, such as racial groups and women. Additionally, the submission clarified that the bill's focus on sexual orientation as a basis for prohibiting discrimination was not flawed, noting that the Human Rights Commission Act does not prohibit discrimination based on heterosexual practices. They did not advocate for special treatment for homosexual activity compared to heterosexual conduct. Ms Fran Wilde, the bill's sponsor and a member of the Statutes Revision Committee, described the sexual orientation amendment to the Human Rights Act as a ""very conservative amendment,"" countering any claims to the contrary. The convergence of these submissions illustrates a significant push for legal reform to promote equality and human rights for homosexual individuals in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851001_2_174.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851001.2.174,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496929600
5835,01,10,1985,"There’s A Bit Of The Romantic Spy In All Of Us (Press, 1 October 1985)","In the commentary by Neal Ascherson published in the London ""Observer"" on 1 October 1985, he reflects on the deterioration of Anglo-Soviet relations following a halt in the exchange of populations between Britain and the Soviet Union. This exchange had previously been a source of mutual interaction, but its cessation has led to significant ramifications, particularly in how both nations view espionage and intelligence activities. The response from the Soviet Union, stemming from British actions involving the K.G.B. (Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti), surprised the British, although they appeared less outraged by K.G.B. operations in London than they claimed to be. According to Ascherson, the British Foreign Office suggests that while the K.G.B. has been excessive in their methods, spying is an expected consequence of an open political system. This perspective reveals a stoic acceptance of espionage, shaped by decades of Cold War history, where the West has gradually normalised the presence of spies. Historically, the morality surrounding intelligence work was more rigid, but recent attitudes seem to reflect a more indifferent view of the practice. Ascherson references the work of writers like John le Carré, highlighting a growing fascination with spies that transcends traditional moral boundaries, thus complicating public perceptions of espionage. The column discusses a cultural shift where secrecy, once revered, is now challenged by a burgeoning desire for transparency in government. Ascherson contrasts past views of spies as honourable figures with modern portrayals that often depict them as mundane bureaucrats. He notes that this erosion of respect for secrecy creates a paradox, as the need for state secrecy persists despite public disillusionment. Ascherson shares his personal experiences with spies, noting their complex natures and the internal conflicts they face. He points out that while many spies lead secretive lives, they often long for genuine connections and recognition, akin to how ordinary people might feel. The romanticism of espionage is discussed, highlighting the dual identities that spies navigate, and the essence of performance in their roles, both professionally and personally. In closing, Ascherson reflects on the universal aspect of human complexity, suggesting that spies, with their ability to embody different selves, might be more relatable to individuals than one might expect. He concludes with contemplations on the nature of identity—both of spies and of people in general—indicating a shared capacity for multiplicity in our lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851001_2_95_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851001.2.95.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,496929600
5838,02,10,1985,"A.I.D.S. And Politics (Press, 2 October 1985)","In a letter published on 2 October 1985, Varian J. Wilson expressed strong opinions regarding the perception and portrayal of AIDS in society. He argued that AIDS is primarily transmitted among promiscuous gay individuals and victims of predatory behaviour, dismissing the idea of equal responsibility for heterosexuals as pushed by health authorities. Wilson contended that the statistics connecting AIDS to various demographics, specifically the claims that 72 per cent of cases involved gay men and 20 per cent were linked to dirty needles, were misleading. He attributed these figures to interviews conducted with volunteers, comparing these to flawed research methodologies like those associated with the Kinsey reports. Wilson further claimed that the association of infected needles with the spread of AIDS was as erroneous as the belief that toilet seats could transmit sexually transmitted infections (STIs). He noted an overlap between the gay community and drug-using groups in criminal environments, suggesting that this made the provided statistics unreliable. He also referenced a television feature by Whicker that showcased a raid on heterosexual ""swingers"" in Hollywood for ""lewd behaviour,"" highlighting a disparity in treatment where homosexual gatherings were seemingly ignored due to the political power held by the gay community. He likened the influence of the gay network in California to that of the Mafia, alleging that it involved significant fundraising and political control through coercive methods. Wilson's letter implies a criticism of how AIDS was discussed and politicised, arguing that prevailing narratives failed to accurately represent the complexities of its transmission and the societal dynamics at play.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851002_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851002.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497016000
5837,02,10,1985,"Arguments Occupy Much Of 'gay’ Law Reform... (Press, 2 October 1985)","On 2 October 1985, the ongoing debates surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand saw a significant clash between parliamentary members. Central to these discussions was MP Norman Jones, who represented Invercargill and vehemently opposed the bill. At a press conference, Jones publicly criticised the acting chairman of the select committee examining the bill, Trevor Mallard, for his conduct. Jones took issue with two press releases issued by Mallard, claiming they contained ""unsubstantiated, uncorroborated attacks"" against the petitions presented to Parliament. He had previously approached the Speaker, Dr Wall, regarding these matters, asserting they constituted a breach of privilege; however, Dr Wall ruled there was no breach. Further compounding tensions, Mallard stated that the figures cited for petitioners in his electorate were ""grossly exaggerated"" and ""misleading."" Jones expressed that, while any MP could voice such opinions, the chairman of a select committee ought to remain impartial. He anticipated the committee would reach a conclusion soon, with the bill being reported back to Parliament the following week, expressing his disappointment by calling the committee's proceedings an ""utter exercise in futility."" The select committee hearing was fraught with disagreements, with procedural issues causing significant delays in proceedings. The committee convened but took 50 minutes to commence witness testimony due to debates over the number of petitioners who could address the committee. Ultimately, it voted to allow four primary petitioners, including Jones himself, to present their cases, alongside six additional witnesses. During the proceedings, Mr Keith Hay, one of the major petitioners, criticized the committee's procedures, claiming that the petitioners would need more time to adequately present their submissions. Tensions escalated between Hay and Mallard as it became clear that the committee's management was causing frustration among the petitioners. Despite a lengthy submission from Hay and Sir Peter Tait noting that signatures against the bill were still increasing—totaling 824,114 by that date—the committee was unable to create a conducive environment for thorough discussion. Jones left the hearing in protest after learning that fellow committee member Fran Wilde was recording his responses during the cross-examination of his evidence. Upon clarification from the clerk’s office, Mallard determined that recording did not violate any Standing Orders. The hearing continued late into the evening, concluding nearly three hours after its scheduled end. Wilde announced her intention to move that the committee cease taking any further submissions on the bill, indicating a significant turning point in the legislative process surrounding this contentious issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851002_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851002.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497016000
5840,02,10,1985,"Gay Night Club (Press, 2 October 1985)","In a letter to the editor dated September 18, 1985, T. P. Stirling recounts an experience his partner and he had after attending a dinner party with friends. They decided to visit ""Menage,"" a newly opened gay nightclub. Upon arrival, they were informed by a doorman that the club was full and only allowing entry to patrons who were either gay or regulars. Stirling expressed his shock at this apparent discrimination, particularly since he had supported the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which aimed to provide greater rights and freedoms to the gay community. Stirling and his friends engaged in a discussion for about 15 minutes, during which they observed that ten people had left the nightclub. Eventually, the manager arrived and sided with the doorman, allowing a group of quieter patrons entry while instructing Stirling and his friends to leave. This encounter left Stirling feeling disappointed and ironically aware of the shift in discrimination; they, as heterosexuals, faced exclusion rather than inclusion. In response to Stirling's letter, Mr T. W. Tucker, the director of Menage Night Club, clarifies the club's policy. He states that Menage is dedicated to providing a safe venue for the gay and lesbian community, where they do not have to hide their sexual orientation. Tucker explains that due to physical limitations in capacity, preference is often given to regular patrons, regardless of their sexual orientation, particularly during peak times on weekends. He acknowledges Stirling's support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and expresses regret for the situation, reiterating that the club's policy will remain in place. He notes the unwelcome irony in Stirling's experience, as it reflects the everyday discrimination faced by the gay and lesbian community in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851002_2_96_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851002.2.96.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497016000
5841,02,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 2 October 1985)","The letters published on 28 September 1985 express varied perspectives on the ongoing discourse surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand, reflecting tensions within society, including within the Anglican Church. R. J. Vaughan clarifies that it is only the Anglican Provincial Public and Social Affairs Committee that endorses the bill, while the church itself is divided on the issue. He references a resolution from the 1980 Christchurch Synod stating that heterosexual marriage is considered the Christian norm, emphasizing that many Anglicans support traditional biblical interpretations despite potential labels of fundamentalism. Colin Brown offers a counterpoint to a petition opposing the bill, criticising its organisers for not verifying the electoral status of signatories and for failing to provide accurate information about homosexuality. He argues that the petition highlights the prevalence of prejudice and ignorance regarding homosexual acts, underscoring the need to repeal laws that discriminate against homosexuals. He asserts that the petition does not effectively argue against the proposed bill but instead reinforces the necessity for its passage to protect homosexuals from discrimination disguised as religious morality. Arthur May contributes to the discussion by critiquing the reliance on the Christian Bible as a moral compass, suggesting that it can be selectively quoted to justify various moral positions. He draws historical parallels, referencing the persecution of the Templars, who were accused of sodomy by fellow Christians, to highlight the potential for moral issues to be grossly misrepresented and to critique the oversimplification of complex moral questions through scripture. Lastly, a letter suggests that if David Shanks aims to approach the subject rationally, he should examine the role of homosexuality within the context of nature and evolution, questioning what evolutionary benefits it may provide. This letter hints at an exploration of the function of sex beyond reproduction, suggesting that a broader understanding of the issue is needed. Overall, these letters illustrate the complexity of societal views on homosexuality in New Zealand during that period, showcasing a range of opinions on morality, legislation, and the interpretation of religious texts. They highlight the multifaceted nature of the debate, with calls for reform and legal protection for homosexuals juxtaposed against traditional beliefs and longstanding societal prejudices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851002_2_96_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851002.2.96.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497016000
5839,02,10,1985,"Letters To The Editor (Press, 2 October 1985)","On 2 October 1985, a column from ""The Press"" outlined guidelines for readers wishing to submit letters for publication. Letters should not exceed 150 words and must be either handwritten in ink or typed on one side of the paper, with ample margins for editing. Those submitting letters are required to provide a legible signature and a complete postal address, excluding P.O. Box numbers. It was stated that letters using pseudonyms or initials would generally not be accepted, and correspondents must disclose if their letters have been submitted elsewhere. Additionally, the editor clarified that they do not guarantee acknowledgment or return of letters not chosen for publication, and they directed readers to address their letters to the editor's postal address in Christchurch. The column also included responses to previous correspondence. One response warned against potential legal repercussions for publishing defamatory content, while other comments related to the acceptance of letters and editorial policies. The crossword puzzle section provided clues and solutions for various words, combining both amusing and engaging content for readers. In correspondence regarding social issues, E. Read expressed a viewpoint on homosexuality, arguing that it is inherently a negative behaviour, equating it to serious conditions like bulimia or cancer. Read maintained that personal behaviours between consenting adults should remain private until they affect others negatively and criticized the decriminalisation of homosexual acts as providing undue positive recognition, arguing for the rights of those opposed to such changes. Conversely, Bernard Machell rebutted previous arguments made by Bert Walker against the Anglican Church’s support for homosexual law reform. Machell contended that the discussion around homosexual acts is not about their morality, but about whether they should be condemned through criminal law. He highlighted the inconsistency in applying biblical condemnation selectively to certain sins while questioning if other actions, such as adultery, should also be criminalised. This dialogue reflects a broader societal debate in New Zealand about homosexuality, criminal law, and moral viewpoints, contrasting differing perspectives on private conduct and legal reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851002_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851002.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497016000
5843,03,10,1985,"Book Opposes Homosexuality (Press, 3 October 1985)","On 1 October 1985, a new book titled “The Social Effects of Homosexuality in New Zealand,” was launched by the Coalition of Concerned Citizens. The book, which questions the societal relevance of consenting homosexual adults' behaviour in private, is edited by Mr James Bacon, a senior lecturer at the University of Canterbury, and 5000 copies have been printed for sale at $5.95 through bookshops. Bacon expressed hope that the book would be widely read to raise awareness about concerns related to the quality of life in New Zealand. The book includes a personal testimony from Mr Gavin Johnstone, a former homosexual from Christchurch, detailing his experiences and the process of his “healing.” It provides summaries of arguments for and against the proposed homosexual law reform, focusing on the objections to it with an emphasis on religious, social, and health concerns. The Coalition of Concerned Citizens outlines several recommendations: they urge individual members of Parliament to vote against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, advocating that while homosexual acts should remain criminal, jail sentences should be replaced with fines. Furthermore, the coalition recommends extending immunity from prosecution for individuals with HIV/AIDS-related conditions when they seek help. They propose that statements made to medical or social workers regarding homosexual activities should not be admissible in court, and they call for free and confidential medical examinations for diseases associated with homosexuality. The coalition also suggests establishing programmes aimed at reversing homosexual behaviour, which should be freely accessible in major population centres. Moreover, they advocate for school health programmes to portray homosexual behaviour as anti-social, abnormal, and self-destructive. Mr Bacon concluded the launch by stating, “It is very much our business that society is under attack,” emphasizing the need for community concern and action regarding these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851003_2_131.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851003.2.131,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497102400
5842,03,10,1985,"Closure Moved On ‘gay’ Law Reform Bill (Press, 3 October 1985)","On 2 October 1985, a Parliamentary select committee in New Zealand voting on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill decided against hearing any further submissions. The vote was 3 to 2 in favour of a motion for closure, which was proposed by the bill's sponsor, Ms Fran Wilde, and supported by Mr Trevor Mallard and Mrs Anne Fraser, all from the Labour Party. Opposition to the motion came from Mr Paul East and Mrs Katherine O’Regan from the National Party, who argued that excluding additional submissions was undemocratic and disregarded public input. Mr Graeme Lee, a prominent organiser of a petition opposing the bill, voiced strong criticism of the closure, claiming it denied many individuals the opportunity to share their views, which he characterised as an infringement on their rights. He highlighted that he had received numerous calls from concerned citizens regarding the committee's decision. Ms Wilde defended the closure by asserting that the main submissions had already been thoroughly evaluated. The committee had heard 117 oral submissions and received 1,096 written submissions over five months and approximately 70 hours of deliberation. She claimed that only 85 submissions remained, of which 60 supported the bill, and argued for the bill to be returned to Parliament unaltered to allow broader legislative discussion. Mr East described the committee's decision as “outrageous and cavalier,” stressing that a select committee should fully engage with public opinions rather than selectively choose which submissions to consider. He contended that the committee's focus had been too limited, underscoring that even technical points related to the bill still needed examination, as indicated by a Justice Department officer. Despite the heated debate, Ms Wilde discouraged claims that her motion stemmed from governmental pressure, asserting her independence in the process as this was, in fact, a private member’s bill. Tensions highlighted the difficulties within the committee as Mr Norman Jones expressed his anger over not being able to present his submission orally, stating that all opposition members were against the closure motion, despite some supporting the bill itself. The committee's chair, Mr Mallard, attempted to maintain order during the confrontation, but no action was taken against Mr Jones for his defiant remarks. The broader implications of the committee's decisions were anticipated, with the Chief Government Whip, Dr Michael Cullen, indicating that the bill would soon be reported back to the House, possibly as early as the following day. The ongoing discussions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill exemplify the contentious nature of legislative processes regarding sensitive social issues in 1985 New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851003_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851003.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497102400
5844,04,10,1985,"Hearings Halt Decried (Press, 4 October 1985)","On 4 October 1985, the Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay, announced that the Human Rights Commission had been denied the chance to make oral submissions regarding the contentious Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This bill aims to decriminalise consensual sexual activity between adult males aged 16 and over while also protecting children under that age. Additionally, it seeks to amend the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. Mr McLay highlighted that the Human Rights Commission, along with the National Council of Women, was part of a larger group of 83 entities that had expressed a desire to present their views before the committee. However, a spokesman for the commission clarified that they had not intended to appear before the committee and had only circulated a statement related to the bill, not a formal submission. The Justice and Law Reform Select Committee, consisting of government members, voted on Wednesday to not hear any more submissions on the bill, reporting it back to Parliament with a 3-2 decision. This was met with strong disapproval from National Party members, who deemed the decision undemocratic and unprincipled. Mr McLay stated that the Opposition aimed to have the bill referred back to the select committee to allow the relevant organisations and individuals the opportunity to make formal oral submissions. He emphasized that, given the ongoing controversy surrounding the bill, it was only fair for the committee to hear from those who wanted to voice their opinions. The bill is expected to be presented in the House soon.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851004_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851004.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497188800
5846,04,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 4 October 1985)","In letters published in October 1985, various writers contributed their thoughts on the contentious issue of homosexuality and the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. E. Read's question regarding the treatment of homosexuality by communist governments sparked discussion. Stuart Payne pointed out the inconsistency in policies across communist countries, noting that while male homosexual relationships are illegal in Rumania and the USSR, they are legal in varying ages in other countries, such as Bulgaria and Poland. Ian R. Orchard suggested a compromise to the homosexual law reform debate. He proposed that legislation could criminalise sodomy, which seems to provoke significant opposition, while allowing homosexual relationships between consenting adults. This approach could satisfy both sides of the debate, allowing individuals to maintain their moral standards without interfering in others' personal lives. David Shanks responded sharply to the implications in E. Read's letter, criticising the idea that sexual activity should only be permitted if it promotes “evolutionary gain.” Shanks rejected this narrow viewpoint, suggesting that it could also implicate other personal practices such as contraception and masturbation, thereby exposing outdated and regressive attitudes toward human sexuality. Vernon Wilkinson defended his thoughts on the topic, feeling mischaracterised and confused about his supposed prejudices. He found Betty Roberts's suggestion of placing homosexuals in charge of sports and cultural events amusing and engaged critically with previous correspondence regarding the acknowledgment of personal experience in discussions about such topics. Paul Maling argued against the logical foundation of the age of consent laws, suggesting that the basis for heterosexual consent does not apply to homosexual relationships. He asserted that male puberty begins at around age 13, making that a reasonable starting point for legalising male homosexual consent. Maling also refuted claims that anal intercourse is “unnatural,” citing scientific evidence that dismisses such outdated terminology, which had been dropped from the Crimes Act. Lastly, Mrs C. S. Hill expressed her concerns over the credibility of a recent Heylen Poll purported to represent public opinion on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. She argued that she and her acquaintances had not been surveyed, thereby questioning the poll's accuracy and representation of New Zealand citizens' voices in this debate. These letters reflect a vibrant and complex discourse around homosexuality in New Zealand during this period, highlighting the diversity of opinions on legal reform and social acceptance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851004_2_85_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851004.2.85.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497188800
5845,04,10,1985,"Lively Debate Expected At Synod (Press, 4 October 1985)","A lively debate is anticipated at the Synod of the Christchurch diocese of the Anglican Church this weekend regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Key discussions will revolve around a motion by Canon J. Greenslade from Cashmere, which seeks to reaffirm the Synod's previous support for law reform. In 1979, the Synod passed a resolution advocating for the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males in private, provided there are safeguards for minors. Additionally, the Synod had previously resolved to oppose discrimination against individuals based on their sexual orientation, whether in employment or other areas. The Rev. James Riley, who serves as a media co-ordinator for the Synod, indicated that there would likely be “heated” debates on the topic, along with potential picketing by Church members against specific views. In addition to discussions on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, the Synod is also expected to engage in vigorous debate over the proposed New Ecumenical Body, which is suggested to take the place of the National Council of Churches. Guest speakers at this discussion will include Mrs Jocelyn Armstrong, the council’s general secretary, and the Rev. Brian Turner, the director of the Christian World Service. Approximately 300 ministers, chaplains, and lay members are anticipated to attend the annual Synod meeting, which will be inaugurated this evening by the Bishop of Christchurch, the Rt Rev. Maurice Goodall. The Synod meets each year to make decisions on policy, articulate the Church's stance on various issues, elect members for diocesan committees, and review the reports and accounts of diocesan bodies. Overall, the weekend's discussions are set to address key social issues while also focusing on the governance and future direction of the Church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851004_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851004.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497188800
6733,05,10,1985,"‘Gay’ Club (Press, 5 October 1985)","In a letter published in response to comments made by Mr Tucker, the director of the Menage Night Club, L. Williams addresses the definitions and implications of the term ""straight."" Mr Tucker indicated that the patrons of the club could be either gay or straight, prompting Williams to reflect on the meaning of ""straight"" as defined by the Oxford Dictionary. Williams suggests that the term encompasses qualities such as honesty and directness, and contemplates the world if everyone were to embody these attributes. The letter, published on 5 October 1985, highlights the complexities of identity within the gay and lesbian community and invites readers to consider broader implications of the terms used in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851005_2_112_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851005.2.112.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497275200
5848,05,10,1985,"A.I.D.S. Caught In N.Z. (Press, 5 October 1985)","On 5 October 1985, it was reported that a young homosexual man in Auckland is being treated for AIDS at Auckland Hospital, marking a notable case as he had contracted the disease within New Zealand without travelling abroad. Dr Rod Ellis-Pegler, an infectious diseases physician at the hospital, indicated that this was the first instance of a patient developing AIDS entirely within New Zealand. However, he stressed that this fact was not particularly significant, asserting that it simply indicated the man was infected domestically. The patient is one of approximately eight AIDS cases being managed by the doctors at Auckland Hospital. Previously, all other reported AIDS patients in New Zealand had contracted the disease while overseas. Dr Ellis-Pegler noted that the man was diagnosed with AIDS within the past six months.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851005_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851005.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497275200
6734,05,10,1985,"An Apple Of Disobedience (Press, 5 October 1985)","""A Humming Under My Feet: A Book of Travail"" by Barbara Deming, published in 1985 by Women’s Press, is a reflective work stemming from a journal the author maintained over two decades, from 1952 to 1972. The book captures Deming's introspections as she navigates her identity as a lesbian and her experiences with love and self-discovery. Deming's writing begins with a provocative quote inspired by the biblical Serpent, encouraging the pursuit of knowledge and self-awareness, suggesting that understanding one’s true self may lead to trouble but is ultimately worthwhile. The journal reflects a significant period in her life during the 1960s and early 1970s, a time when societal attitudes toward homosexuality were gradually evolving, offering a backdrop of both personal and broader cultural shifts, especially concerning women's liberation. In her travels across Europe, Deming particularly finds resonance with her experiences in Greece, where she feels a connection to a historical lineage of women. This sense of sisterhood fosters her belief in her freedom, in contrast to societal judgments that had been imposed upon her because of her sexual orientation. Throughout her journey, she struggles with the complexities of her love life, grappling with guilt associated with her romantic feelings for another woman. This tension highlights the internal conflict many individuals face when their desires challenge societal norms. Deming’s encounters with men are depicted with a sense of horror, not due to any physical repulsion, but rather because these experiences lack the emotional depth that she finds in her relationships with women. Her letters to her love interest encapsulate a mix of ardent observations of her surroundings and sentimental expressions aimed at rekindling their intimacy. These letters contribute to the narrative, blending travelogue with deeply personal reflections. The book is described as an important historical document that captures the evolution of women's consciousness during a transformative time in the Western world. It holds a universal appeal, where both men and women can appreciate the emotional and intellectual journey Deming undertakes, even if they are unable to fully resonate with the intricacies of her experiences. In summary, ""A Humming Under My Feet"" serves as a reflective exploration of identity, love, and liberation, marking a significant contribution to feminist literature and the discourse surrounding lesbian relationships during the latter half of the 20th century.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851005_2_117_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851005.2.117.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497275200
5847,05,10,1985,"U.k. Labour ‘gay’ Vote (Press, 5 October 1985)","On 5 October 1985, the British Labour Party held its conference in Bournemouth, England, where a significant vote took place in support of ""gay"" rights. The party decided to advocate for a reduction in the age of homosexual consent from 21 to 16. This decision came after strong backing from influential male-dominated unions, including miners and transport workers, who used their block votes to support the gay rights activists campaigning for equal legal rights for lesbians and homosexuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851005_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851005.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497275200
5849,07,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 7 October 1985)","In early October 1985, a series of letters were published in a newspaper discussing the topic of homosexuality and public perceptions of it, reflecting a mix of opinions and concerns. One letter, written by M. Osbourne on 4 October, expressed discomfort with public displays of affection among homosexual couples. Osbourne recounted experiences in England where homosexuals reportedly came out in large numbers, suggesting that such displays made ""normal"" people, like himself and his boyfriend, feel uneasy. He implied that there was a tendency for homosexuals to revel in showing their affection in front of an audience, which he found unsettling. Another letter from P. J. R. Dunford, dated 2 October, responded to an earlier statement by E. Read regarding the purpose of sex. Read stated that the primary function of sex was reproduction and argued that, therefore, homosexuality was a ""dead end."" Dunford challenged this viewpoint by questioning whether similar logic should call for criminalising contraception and sterilisation, as neither directly leads to procreation. This argument aimed to highlight perceived inconsistencies in attitudes toward sexual behaviour and reproduction. Alistair Gardner also wrote on 2 October, addressing Varian J. Wilson, who had been a frequent correspondent on the subject of homosexuality. Gardner noted that Wilson had written 21 letters on the topic over six months and had previous promised to cease discussing it publicly. He challenged Wilson to clarify why he continued to write on the subject despite his earlier commitment. Gardner's letter suggested a frustration with Wilson's persistence and called for accountability regarding his stated intentions. These letters reflect broader societal debates surrounding homosexuality at the time, showcasing both support and opposition, as well as varying expectations of public behaviour and personal freedoms. The discussions encapsulated a tension between traditional views on sexuality and the emerging rights and visibility of homosexual individuals in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851007_2_76_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851007.2.76.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497448000
5850,07,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 7 October 1985)","On 7 October 1985, a series of letters were published in ""The Press,"" addressing various perspectives on issues involving homosexuality and societal attitudes towards it. The letters highlighted a disagreement with a previous article written by Vernon Wilkinson, in which he expressed his views regarding the roles of homosexuals in educational settings. B. Roberts, a respondent, strongly objected to being misquoted by Wilkinson, asserting that the idea of assigning lesbian teachers to boys' football teams and homosexual teachers to girls' cultural tours was misrepresented. Roberts clarified that he had only suggested excursions rather than implying any gender-specific activities and emphasised his long-standing commitment to eliminating stereotypes. Another letter from David Shanks critiqued Wilkinson's arguments about homosexuality, questioning the consistency of his reasoning. Shanks highlighted the flawed logic in Wilkinson's assertion that the legality of sodomy impinges on its normality, drawing parallels to other moral dilemmas such as adultery. Arthur May contributed a broader commentary on moral hypocrisy, arguing that Christian leaders and communities are often silent on severe issues like nuclear proliferation, yet fervently oppose the decriminalisation of homosexuality. He lamented the selective expression of moral outrage, suggesting that it reflects a greater inattentiveness to Christian values of love and tolerance when it comes to minority groups. Overall, the letters encapsulated a critical discourse on the intersections of morality, sexuality, and societal expectations within New Zealand at the time, exposing entrenched stereotypes and contradictions in public attitudes toward homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851007_2_76_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851007.2.76.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497448000
5851,08,10,1985,"‘Gay’ Law Divides Synod (Press, 8 October 1985)","On 8 October 1985, the Christchurch Anglican Diocesan Synod held a meeting where it reaffirmed its support for homosexual law reform, despite significant internal division on the issue. Canon John Greenslade from Cashmere addressed the Synod, urging members not to ignore the topic. He presented a motion that reiterated a policy adopted in 1979, consisting of two resolutions: first, supporting the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting males in private, provided there were appropriate safeguards for minors; and second, opposing discrimination against individuals based on their homosexuality, including in employment. An attempt to bypass discussion of the motion was rejected on a technicality, leading to a vote without a formal debate. The first part of the motion, concerning support for law reform, passed successfully. However, when a division was called on the second part against discrimination, it also passed with a vote of 104 to 43. Canon Greenslade emphasised the importance of conveying that homosexuals were not viewed as criminals by the Synod. He criticized the increasing ""oppressive influence"" from some Christian groups opposing the reform, which he felt stemmed from fear and hostility. He asserted that negative traits such as pride, jealousy, and greed are condemned in the Bible, yet individuals exhibiting these traits are not considered criminals. He pointed out that lesbianism is similarly not classified as a criminal offence and highlighted this as a significant injustice in the legal system. Greenslade reminded attendees that Jesus associated with individuals deemed criminal by society, illustrating their inherent worth. He also questioned how many clergy engaged in genuine conversations with homosexuals about their personal struggles. Reflecting on his own experiences, he shared insights about three strong and capable homosexual men actively involved in church affairs, one of whom was celibate. Greenslade found it offensive and absurd to label such individuals as criminals and urged the Synod to maintain courage and confront the issue, warning against the cowardice of failing to engage in more positive debate. Despite the passing of the resolutions, several Synod members anticipated backlash from parishioners in response to the decisions made. The Bishop of Christchurch, Right Rev. Maurice Goodall, who presided over the meeting, expressed concern over the lack of debate surrounding the motion, reminding members that their vote was not an assessment of the morality of homosexual acts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851008_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851008.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497534400
5852,08,10,1985,"Banners Lit Inside Gay Task Force Office (Press, 8 October 1985)","On 7 October 1985, a fire was deliberately set outside the Wellington headquarters of the Gay Task Force, prompting police to classify the incident as wilful damage. The fire targeted banners that supported the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which were rolled up and placed against the stairwell of the building housing the Gay Task Force among other tenants. Fortunately, the fire was discovered shortly after it had been ignited, and no additional damage was reported.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851008_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851008.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497534400
5858,09,10,1985,"Coalition Permitted To Use Anthem (Press, 9 October 1985)","On 9 October 1985, the Coalition of Concerned Citizens faced no legal barriers in promoting their handbill titled ""The Future is Bright,"" which incorporated verses from New Zealand's national anthem, ""God Defend New Zealand."" This situation arose during a parliamentary discussion concerning the handbill's circulation by petition promoters Sir Peter Tait and Mr Keith Hay, who are opposing homosexual law reform. The acting Minister of Justice, Mr Caygill, clarified that the New Zealand Government had purchased the copyright for the anthem's lyrics in 1940; however, this copyright had expired by 1948. As a result, the words of the national anthem are now in the public domain, allowing for their unrestricted use.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851009_2_137.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851009.2.137,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497620800
5856,09,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 9 October 1985)","On 9 October 1985, the letters section of a newspaper showcased various viewpoints on contemporary social and political issues in New Zealand, particularly in relation to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. One letter from Marilyn Montenegro, a resident of Redondo Beach, California, expressed support from many Americans for New Zealand's progressive stance against nuclear-armed naval vessels entering their ports. She also highlighted solidarity with efforts to legalise homosexual relationships, voicing concern over attempts by US activists to undermine the bill by funding opposition. Montenegro praised New Zealand's pursuit of fairness and justice. Another letter penned by Vernon Wilkinson condemned the influence of religious groups on the debate around the legislation. He criticised the Methodist-Presbyterian public questions committee for its statement on sodomy, accusing it of lacking sound reasoning. Wilkinson suggested that the churches, along with various groups opposing authority, were failing to provide moral guidance, indicating a concern that society was moving towards ambiguity in sexual morality. J.F. Garvey's letter reflected discontent with the Labour Party's handling of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. He noted that the party's support for a motion to limit discussion on the bill in a parliamentary committee stemmed from anxiety over political repercussions, suggesting a disregard for public consensus. Garvey pointed to a significant petition against the bill and insinuated that moral considerations surrounding potential AIDS epidemics should warrant a firmer stance from the government, advocating for the complete withdrawal of the legislation and a change in candidate strategy for the upcoming elections in Wellington Central. Through these letters, a diverse spectrum of opinions surfaced regarding the socio-political climate of New Zealand in 1985, revealing tensions between progressive movements and conservative opposition, with underlying concerns about moral leadership and the influence of external forces in domestic policy debates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851009_2_100_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851009.2.100.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497620800
5853,09,10,1985,"Opposition Defeated On ‘gay' Bill Move (Press, 9 October 1985)","The Homosexual Law Reform Bill was brought back to Parliament on 8 October 1985 with minor technical amendments, as stated by select committee chairman Trevor Mallard. He clarified that no policy changes were made, a decision believed to be reserved for the entire Parliament. The Opposition, led by Venn Young from the National Party, opposed the bill's return due to 85 pending submissions from organisations and individuals who had not yet been heard. However, their motion to delay the reporting back was defeated with 36 votes against 42, despite support from the Democratic Party. Ultimately, the report was tabled, with a vote of 47 to 32. While the voting was positioned as a conscience issue, party lines largely dictated the outcome. Among the few National Party members who supported the bill were Ruth Richardson, Phillip Burdon, Young, and Simon Upton. Conversely, a minority of Labour members opposed it, including Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan, Geoff Braybrooke, Allan Wallbank, and John Terris. The Democratic Party also remained opposed. Young stressed that many organisations and individuals had been deprived of the chance to provide evidence, labelling this as an encroachment on democracy. In response, Fran Wilde, the bill's sponsor from the Labour Party, shared correspondence from 38 supporters who believed the discussions had been exhaustive. Critics like Graeme Lee claimed these correspondences were predominantly from homosexual individuals. Braybrooke expressed concern about the bill’s divisive nature across various societal groups, arguing that all voices should be allowed to be heard. Mallard defended the process, noting that the bill had gone through two committees that conducted extensive hearings, totalling over 70 hours with numerous submissions. He clarified that the bill aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting males aged 16 and above, reinforce protections against indecent assault on minors, and promote equality in various areas affected by discrimination based on sexual orientation. Opposition to the bill came mainly from fundamentalist Christians, while extreme perspectives emerged from both sides, including a suggestion for a separate electoral roll for homosexuals. Mallard countered common fears about the repercussions of legalising homosexuality, noting that the scientific consensus suggests sexual orientation is established before puberty and that there is no evidence to support claims that homosexual behaviour is learned through sexual abuse. He cited statistical findings, including data from the Kinsey study showing a significant portion of males who had homosexual experiences. Mallard reported support for decriminalisation from various churches, including Anglican, Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian. In light of shifting attitudes, he posed key questions about the criminalisation of gay men and the rights of individuals to access employment and housing without discrimination. Helen Clark, also from Labour, voiced her surprise at the National Party’s opposition, suggesting their input had been taken into account during discussions. She affirmed that the committee's consultations had adequately addressed various concerns from differing perspectives, and underscored a broad consensus on the bill's progress to the next legislative stage. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill is now set for a second reading in Parliament.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851009_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851009.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497620800
5854,09,10,1985,"Support For ‘gay’ Law Reform —poll (Press, 9 October 1985)","A recent poll in the Selwyn electorate indicates growing support for the reform of homosexual legislation. Conducted through 3,000 questionnaires distributed between August and September 1985, the poll garnered 599 responses, as reported by Member of Parliament Ruth Richardson from the National Party. The first question addressed whether homosexual acts between consenting adults in private should remain a criminal offence. The results revealed that 345 respondents, representing 58.47 percent, believed such acts should not be criminalised, while 245 respondents, or 41.53 percent, thought they should continue to be illegal. The poll also explored public opinion on the appropriate age of consent for homosexual acts. There were varying responses: 89 people, accounting for 21.65 percent, supported an age of consent at 16 years, 137 individuals (33.33 percent) favoured 18 years, and 185 respondents (45.07 percent) preferred an age of 20 years. Another significant question addressed whether discrimination based on sexual orientation should be prohibited. In this instance, 227 respondents, or 38.41 percent, agreed that such discrimination should be outlawed. However, a larger majority of 364 respondents, representing 61.59 percent, opposed the idea of making such discrimination illegal. The survey sought to reflect the views of an equal number of men (260) and women (262) from the urban parts of Richardson's electorate, specifically Oaklands and Halswell. Richardson emphasised the importance of understanding urban perspectives, suggesting that urban opinions have considerable influence in New Zealand's political landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851009_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851009.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497620800
5855,09,10,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 9 October 1985)","On 9 October 1985, members of Parliament in Wellington observed a moment of silence in honour of the late Colin McLachlan, a former Cabinet Minister who passed away the previous month. McLachlan served as a member of Parliament from 1966 to 1981 and held several ministerial roles, including Minister of Transport, Civil Aviation, and Railways between 1975 and 1981. During the parliamentary session, two petitions against the reintroduction of myxomatosis in New Zealand were presented. Mr G. T. Knapp from the Democratic Party represented a petition from Adrienne Hall of Save Animals From Experimentation, which garnered support from 6,246 individuals. Another petition was presented by Antoinette, the Christchurch co-ordinator of S.A.F.E., which included 10,365 signatures. The session included the tabling of the 1985 Energy Plan and various reports from several organisations, such as the Liquid Fuels Trust Board, the Lands and Survey Department, the Earthquake and War Damage Commission, the State Insurance Office, the New Zealand Council for Recreation and Sport, the New Zealand Lottery Board, and the Board of Trustees for the National Art Gallery, National Museum, and National War Memorial. Throughout the proceedings, ministers addressed a total of sixteen questions. An Opposition request led to a snap debate regarding the recent dismissal of 37 staff members from Goode Industries Ltd in Auckland, attributed to governmental economic policies. Furthermore, the Acting Chairman of the Justice and Law Reform Select Committee, Mr T. C. Mallard, moved for the reporting back of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. However, the debate was briefly interrupted for dinner at 5:30 p.m. When the House resumed at 7:30 p.m., discussion on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill continued, with an amendment proposal to refer the bill back to the committee being defeated with a vote of 42 to 36. Ultimately, the bill was reported back to the House with a division of 47 to 32. Following that, members continued the interrupted discussions regarding the Health estimates in the Appropriation Bill (No. 2), which were successfully passed. Subsequently, discussions commenced on the Defence estimates, but this debate was also interrupted when the House adjourned at 10:58 p.m. Overall, the day's activities reflected significant legislative processes and discussions concerning pressing social issues in New Zealand during that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851009_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851009.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497620800
5857,09,10,1985,"Women Risk Infection (Press, 9 October 1985)","A report presented by Dr Alexander McMillan, a visiting venereologist, revealed that 40 per cent of drug abusers treated at a hospital in Edinburgh tested positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies. Dr McMillan, who works in the genito-urinary department at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, made this statement during his address to the New Zealand Venereological Society conference on 9 October 1985. The data highlighted a concerning trend among young people, as most of the drug abusers were under the age of 25 and nearly half were women. One notable case mentioned involved a woman who had recently given birth, with medical professionals awaiting the antibody test results for her newborn. Several other women in the group were also pregnant. Dr McMillan noted that many of these women appeared unaware that they could contract A.I.D.S. through sexual contact with male drug addicts. He emphasised the importance of educating them on the risks associated with unprotected sex, needle sharing, and the implications of pregnancy for those with positive antibodies. Dr McMillan expressed the difficulty in advising young women, particularly teenagers, against having children. He acknowledged that it may take considerable time before the potential effects on children born to mothers with positive antibodies could be determined. The statistics highlighted a significantly higher prevalence of positive A.I.D.S. antibodies among drug addicts in Edinburgh compared to other areas in Britain, where the figures were much lower, such as approximately six per cent in London. In his findings, Dr McMillan also pointed out that around 5 to 10 per cent of homosexual men tested were found to have positive antibodies, alongside about 20 per cent of haemophiliacs, who were believed to have contracted the virus from a contaminated batch of blood. This situation underscores the urgent need for public health interventions and education regarding the transmission of A.I.D.S. and the importance of safe practices, particularly among vulnerable populations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851009_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851009.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497620800
5863,10,10,1985,"Christian Women Back Bill (Press, 10 October 1985)","On 10 October 1985, the Wellington Christian Women’s Network publicly expressed its support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The group emphasised the importance of Christian women voicing their opinions on issues that impact them, particularly regarding the rights of homosexuals. A spokeswoman for the network, Ms Marion Wood, stated that the members, who identify as committed Christians, feel a strong alignment with the principles of the bill. She highlighted that throughout history, women have often been labelled as sinful, leading to a sense of empathy for homosexuals, who similarly face discrimination from a vocal minority. Ms Wood expressed appreciation for New Zealanders who are actively challenging the rhetoric of radical Right-wing groups opposing the bill. She articulated a commitment among Christian women to reclaim the term ‘Christian’ for those who embody a message of tolerance, inclusion, and respect for all individuals, particularly those facing inequality. She underscored the belief that the opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill stems from a small faction of Christians, suggesting that their actions are detrimental to the overall perception of Christianity in New Zealand. The Wellington Christian Women’s Network includes women from a diverse range of denominations, such as Anglican, Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist, Society of Friends, Salvation Army, and Pentecostal. Ms Wood's remarks reflect a broader intent within the network to advocate for a more inclusive interpretation of Christian values, aligning with contemporary human rights movements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851010_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851010.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497707200
5861,10,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 10 October 1985)","In a letter to the editor, Bruce Morrison commends Canon Greenslade for his bravery in advocating for continued support for a bill from the Christchurch Anglican Diocesan Synod concerning law reform related to homosexuality. Morrison raises a concern about how many clergy and church members who are resistant to such reforms have taken the time to engage meaningfully with homosexual individuals to understand their personal struggles and conflicts. He expresses a desire for greater understanding and connection, pondering what might change if people were to truly know him. Morrison criticises some churches for categorising homosexuals as deviants and immoral yet claiming to extend love to them. In contrast, he values Canon Greenslade’s more genuine expression of love and support for the homosexual community. The letter is dated 8 October 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851010_2_80_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851010.2.80.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497707200
5862,10,10,1985,"M.P. Conducts Halswell Poll (Press, 10 October 1985)","On 10 October 1985, a significant poll was conducted in the Oaklands and Halswell suburbs of south-west Christchurch to gauge residents' opinions on vital national issues. Organised by Ruth Richardson, the National Party's representative for Selwyn, the poll surveyed 3,000 residents with 599 responses collected. Richardson aimed to understand the views of urban voters, underlining that urban thinking now influenced New Zealand politics. The poll consisted of 34 questions covering a broad array of topics such as public expenditure, parliamentary reform, foreign affairs, defence policy, economic strategy, industrial relations, agriculture, and education, as well as social issues like homosexual law reform and adult adoption information. The responses were balanced between genders, with a notable 50 per cent of participants under 40. A significant portion of the respondents expressed strong opinions on defence matters, with 78 per cent asserting that New Zealand should remain involved in the ANZUS alliance to maintain peace. Additionally, 72 per cent supported the idea of establishing a nuclear weapon-free zone in the South Pacific. However, opinions were mixed regarding the presence of nuclear-capable or nuclear-powered ships in New Zealand waters, with 54 per cent opposing a ban on such vessels while 69 per cent believed nuclear weapons should not enter territorial waters. The poll also explored economic preferences, with respondents divided on the balance between market approaches and government controls. While 65 per cent preferred a market approach for wages, support dropped for prices and interest rates, with only 50 per cent and 52 per cent respectively favouring government controls. In a discussion about unionism, the results indicated that 72 per cent of respondents favoured voluntary unionism over compulsory membership. In the field of education, Richardson's findings revealed that 65 per cent of residents felt the education system was not adequately meeting modern societal needs, with 58 per cent expressing dissatisfaction with the educational standards achieved by their children. Moreover, a notable 62 per cent supported the introduction of external examinations to assess pupil performance. Richardson's poll also included questions related to New Zealand's constitutional framework. When asked about the ideal duration between general elections, 42 per cent advocated for a three-year cycle, while 39 per cent preferred four years and 19 per cent indicated five years. On the size of Parliament, 69 per cent called for no changes to the number of members, whereas 12.67 per cent sought an increase and 17.91 per cent preferred a reduction. Attitudes towards Māori seats revealed that 55.86 per cent wanted them abolished, 23.62 per cent wished to maintain the current four, 15 per cent wanted an increase, and 5.52 per cent sought a decrease. Overall, the poll provided a comprehensive insight into the perspectives of south-west Christchurch residents on critical national issues, highlighting a desire for change in certain areas while also reflecting significant support for existing frameworks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851010_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851010.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497707200
5859,10,10,1985,"Second Debate Of Gay Law Reform Bill Begins (Press, 10 October 1985)","On 9 October 1985, the New Zealand Parliament began the crucial second reading of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, introduced by Ms Fran Wilde, the Labour MP for Wellington Central. This legislation seeks to decriminalise consensual sexual activity between males aged 16 and over, while also protecting children under 16 and amending the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. Wilde spoke passionately about the ""hot breath of hatred"" that homosexuals had been facing from opponents of the bill, indicating that she, too, had endured personal attacks during the campaign for reform. The bill had recently been reported back to Parliament after a vote of 47-32, despite attempts to refer it back to a select committee. Wilde expressed that confronting deeply ingrained prejudices within society was a challenging but necessary process. She acknowledged the emotional intensity of the debate and remarked on the vicious nature of the attacks directed towards the LGBTQ+ community and their supporters. Wilde argued against the use of ""destructive myths"" about homosexuality by opponents, citing unfounded fears linked to cities like San Francisco. She clarified that her bill would not interfere with free speech and emphasised the importance of presenting real facts to alleviate public fears. She cautioned Parliament members against allowing a vocal minority to dictate the conversation surrounding this significant social issue. Opposition voices included Mr Venn Young, who did support the decriminalisation of homosexuality but advocated for raising the age of consent to 20. He acknowledged concerns about the age of consent while deferring to the concept of sexual orientation being as intrinsic as other physical traits. Young, along with others like Mr Geoff Braybrooke, expressed uncertainty about equating homosexual and heterosexual behaviours, asking for more research, a Royal Commission, and a referendum to gauge public sentiment before any legal changes were enacted. Braybrooke, a prominent opponent of the bill, argued that it lacked public mandate and insinuated that the mere act of consenting in private should not negate the importance of public morality. He further maintained that if the bill passed, it should not encompass the Armed Forces or police due to the necessity of strict discipline and the potential for morale issues in combat situations. As the debate evolved, tensions heightened, marked by interruptions and accusations of antagonism from opponents towards Wilde. The broader discussion highlighted a significant divide within Parliament and society regarding moral values, the understanding of homosexuality, and the legal implications of such reforms. The upcoming decisions would undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping New Zealand's legislative stance on gay rights and discrimination in the years to come.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851010_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851010.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497707200
5860,10,10,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 10 October 1985)","On 10 October 1985, the New Zealand Parliament held a session in which Speaker Dr Wall addressed a complaint regarding an article published in ""Truth."" This article discussed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and raised a potential privilege issue, suggesting that the statements made could be seen as attempts to threaten or influence MPs in their decision-making. Consequently, the matter was forwarded to the Privileges Committee for further investigation. During the session, annual reports from the Accident Compensation Corporation and the Ministry of Energy were presented. Additionally, government ministers responded to 15 parliamentary questions. The Opposition attempted to initiate a snap debate concerning New Zealand's defence policy, as articulated by former Defence Chiefs of Staff and other figures, but this was unsuccessful. The parliamentary proceedings included a two-hour general debate, during which the Nelson City Council (Trafalgar Park) Empowering Bill successfully progressed through its committee stages and received a third reading. The House then adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m. After reconvening at 7.30 p.m., the Invercargill City Council (Differential Rating Validation) Bill was introduced. The session shifted focus to the introduction of the Waitemata City Council (Farm Land) Bill, followed by discussions on the second reading of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This debate was ultimately cut short when the House rose at 11 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851010_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851010.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497707200
5864,11,10,1985,"Campaign To ‘work Against Radical Right’ (Press, 11 October 1985)","On 11 October 1985, it was reported that Wellington has established an organisation named Campaign for Tolerance, following Auckland's lead, with the aim of countering the activities and influence of the Coalition of Concerned Citizens. Ms Sue Driver, spokesperson for the new group, explained that the organisation's focus would be on opposing the ""radical right"" and highlighting the inconsistencies and superficial arguments of their ideology. Campaign for Tolerance plans to achieve its objectives through the development of information networks and the organisation of seminars for community groups. Ms Driver emphasised the importance of freedom of choice as a fundamental aspect of a democratic society and noted the increasing alarm regarding the messages and tactics employed by radical right organisations, including the League of Rights and the Society for the Protection of Individual Rights. She argued that the radical right promotes a message of intolerance that disregards the diversity of opinions, lifestyles, and cultural perspectives essential to a democratic framework. The report highlighted that significant progress had been made in recent years concerning equal pay, women's rights, advancements in education, and the recognition of New Zealand as a multi-racial society. However, Ms Driver claimed that radical right groups are working diligently to undermine these achievements through campaigns that rely on fear and misinformation. One of their current focal points is homosexual law reform, though it is anticipated that they may also target other areas, including child care services, women's organisations, trade unions, the peace movement, progressive education, and libraries, potentially leading to attempts to censor or ban certain books. The Campaign for Tolerance seeks to provide accurate information as a means of countering the fear that such radical perspectives propagate, aiming to uphold the values of inclusivity and diversity against what they perceive as a dangerous trend of intolerance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851011_2_73_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851011.2.73.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497793600
5865,12,10,1985,"Donor Was ‘gay’ (Press, 12 October 1985)","On 12 October 1985, a Sydney court ruled against disclosing the identity of a blood donor suspected to have provided A.I.D.S.-contaminated blood. The decision was made by Master Allen in the Supreme Court, who stated that the donor's right to privacy outweighed the needs of Colin Bruce Loker, an A.I.D.S. victim seeking information for his legal case. Loker is suing St. Vincent's Hospital and the Australian Red Cross Society for negligence, claiming he contracted A.I.D.S. from a blood transfusion at the hospital in July 1983. Loker's legal team argued that knowing the identity of the homosexual donor could provide crucial information to support his claim for damages. However, the court ultimately prioritised the donor's privacy rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851012_2_74_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851012.2.74.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497880000
5866,12,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 12 October 1985)","In a series of letters published in response to an ongoing debate about homosexual law reform, various opinions were expressed regarding the implications and consequences of potential changes to the law in New Zealand. Varian J. Wilson, writing on October 7, 1985, addressed Alistair Gardner's comments regarding the number of letters he had submitted, stating he no longer opposed homosexual law changes. He noted that while he believed the health authorities should be more transparent about the spread of AIDS, which he claimed primarily affected homosexuals, he also acknowledged the futility of opposing law changes given the political climate, where even Labour-aligned politicians supported human rights arguments. L. Richards, in a letter dated October 10, 1985, responded to Vernon Wilkinson by asserting that proponents of homosexual law reform were not advocating for an “anything goes” mentality. Instead, Richards argued that individuals should have the freedom to engage in private acts, including sodomy, without interference from others, regardless of personal beliefs about morality or sin. Mrs. P. E. O’Callaghan, writing on October 9, 1985, referred to M. Osbourne's observations following legal changes in England, suggesting that the homosexual community appeared to revel in public displays of their identity, raising questions about the nature of the term “gay” and its connotation beyond mere sexual activity. Gordon P. Dennis critiqued Miss Richardson’s support for homosexual law reform, pointing to the strong resistance the proposed bill faced at local branch meeting levels and within her Selwyn electorate executive, marking this dissent as more significant than her individual position. The letters reflect a complex and heated debate surrounding the issues of consent, public identity, and the potential consequences of reform, showcasing a community grappling with changing attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights amidst concerns about public health and morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851012_2_102_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851012.2.102.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,497880000
7462,14,10,1985,"U.S. Sailors Stick To Cold Beers (Press, 14 October 1985)","On 14 October 1985, concerns surrounding AIDS significantly impacted the morale of 10,000 American sailors visiting Mombasa, Kenya, as reported by NZPA-Reuter. The sailors arrived aboard the aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk and ten accompanying vessels for a five-day shore leave. However, unlike past visits, the sailors demonstrated a reluctance to engage with local prostitutes, many of whom had travelled long distances to welcome the American servicemen. Hoteliers in Mombasa noted the disappointment among the women who were prepared to meet the sailors' demands for cash in exchange for companionship. The sailors reportedly expressed a preference for cold beer over sexual encounters, with some describing the situation as “thumbs-down to sex”. This shift in behaviour appeared to be influenced by warnings from their superiors about the risks of contracting AIDS in the region. Sailors were advised to use condoms and to engage in ""clean, safe sex"" only if necessary. While no cases of AIDS had been reported in Mombasa, there were troubling findings from a medical study in Nairobi, which indicated that 54 per cent of the prostitutes tested had AIDS antibodies. This news likely heightened the sailors' fears. Many of the women in Mombasa, seated despondently at popular venues like the Castle Hotel, were reportedly unaware of AIDS, which threatens the immune system. The change in the sailors' behaviour left many in the sex industry in disbelief, as it was not typical for American servicemen to turn down such offers. However, not all local business owners were concerned. A club proprietor noted that while the sailors were scaling back their sexual activities, they were compensating by spending more on beer, shopping, and visits to local attractions, such as game parks. Overall, the sailors were expected to inject approximately USD 3 million (NZD 5.25 million) into Mombasa's economy during their shore leave, despite the shift in focus from sexual encounters to other forms of entertainment and spending.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851014_2_52_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851014.2.52.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498052800
5867,15,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 15 October 1985)","On 15 October 1985, a letter was published expressing the view that a contentious bill should be settled through a referendum rather than through Parliament. The author, R. L. Laurenson, argued that it is unreasonable to expect Members of Parliament to adequately represent all of their constituents on such divisive issues. Laurenson advocated for a more democratic approach, suggesting that a referendum would provide a fair platform for the public to express their opinions and reach a resolution on the matter that is causing widespread controversy across the nation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851015_2_99_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851015.2.99.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498139200
5869,16,10,1985,"A.I.D.S. No Threat To The U.S.S.R. (Press, 16 October 1985)","On 16 October 1985, the Soviet newspaper ""Sovietskaya Rossiya"" commented on the American media's portrayal of A.I.D.S., suggesting that it was exaggerating the issue and creating unjustified panic. The article marked the first time the state-run press had reported on the death of American film star Rock Hudson, who had succumbed to A.I.D.S. It highlighted concerns about the societal repercussions of the disease in the United States, arguing that the media-induced hysteria was causing widespread fear and suspicion regarding those infected. The newspaper featured insights from Professor A. I. Vorobev, a prominent Soviet haematologist, who asserted that the disease's spread was primarily through blood transfusions and indicated that it could be effectively controlled. Vorobev dismissed any suggestion that an A.I.D.S. epidemic posed a threat to the Soviet Union, reinforcing the idea that the disease was not a significant concern within the country. The article notably refrained from mentioning the transmission of A.I.D.S. through homosexual contact, instead alluding to a vague description of victims among men who were ""not too careful in their intimate relations."" Additionally, a deputy Health Minister supported the newspaper's claims by stating that there were no recorded cases of A.I.D.S. in the Soviet Union at that time. Overall, the coverage portrayed the situation as largely a non-issue for the Soviet populace, contrasting sharply with the heightened alarm prevalent in the United States.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851016_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851016.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498225600
5870,16,10,1985,"Claims About ‘gay’ Teachers Rejected (Press, 16 October 1985)","On 16 October 1985, during a session in Auckland, former college principal John Kelly presented his views to the Parliamentary Select Committee reviewing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This private member's bill, introduced by Fran Wilde, MP for Wellington Central, aims to decriminalise consensual homosexual acts between males aged 16 and over and to prohibit discrimination against homosexuals under the Human Rights Commission Act. Kelly, who retired from Fairfield College in Hamilton in 1980 and now resides in Auckland, strongly refuted allegations put forth by opponents of the bill. These opponents claimed that if the bill were enacted, homosexual teachers would promote their lifestyle in classrooms and that 16-year-old students could be influenced or seduced into homosexuality. He asserted that the rigorous selection and training of teachers, along with established ethical standards, would prevent any such occurrence. He shared his experience from a 32-year teaching career, mentioning that he had known several homosexual teachers without witnessing any instances of inappropriate behaviour towards students. Kelly's testimony reflected his support for the bill and its proposal of 16 as the age of consent, opposing the notion that legalising homosexual acts would lead to harm in educational settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851016_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851016.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498225600
5868,16,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 16 October 1985)","In a letter published on 16 October 1985, the author reflects on the implications of Ms Wilde’s bill and the decision made by the Anglican Synod regarding moral and social issues, particularly around the story of the woman taken in adultery from the New Testament. The author contrasts the Old Testament’s severe punishment for adultery, which was death by stoning, with Christ’s message of love and forgiveness. They highlight two key aspects of the story: firstly, Christ’s condemnation of the accusers serves as a reminder for all people to acknowledge their own sins, and secondly, in forgiving the woman, Christ instructs her to refrain from sinning in the future, reinforcing the importance of adhering to moral law as established by the Creator. The author questions the morality of allowing young people to accept sodomy as a valid lifestyle choice, expressing concern for the moral guidance being provided to younger generations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851016_2_99_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851016.2.99.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498225600
7682,16,10,1985,"Ted Mulcock. (Press, 16 October 1985)","On 14 October 1985, a letter was published in response to Vernon Wilkinson's previous claims regarding sodomy and its legality. The letter challenges Wilkinson's assertion that the existence of laws against sodomy implies that it is abnormal. The author argues that the capacity for sodomy is a natural aspect of male sexuality, suggesting that attempts to legislate against it stem from a misguided attempt to impose particular moral and religious standards associated with Hebrew traditions. The letter contends that such laws are futile, citing historical examples such as the atrocities committed during Nazi rule and under religious fundamentalism, which failed to eradicate this aspect of human behaviour. The writer also points out that the term ‘sodomy’ was introduced well after the biblical texts were composed, arguing that the “Sin of Sodom” referenced in the Bible is not directly related to homosexuality. Additionally, the author mentions that before being exiled to Babylon, practices such as anal intercourse were acknowledged and even accepted among the Hebrew people. The letter closes without revealing the author’s identity, simply signing off with ""Yours, etc.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851016_2_99_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851016.2.99.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498225600
5871,17,10,1985,"Age Amendment Planned By Nat. M.P. (Press, 17 October 1985)","On 16 October 1985, Mr Philip Burdon, the National member for Fendalton, proposed an amendment to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill aimed at raising the age of consent for homosexual acts from 16 to 20. He made this announcement during the debate on the bill's second reading, expressing confidence that several colleagues from his party would support the amendment. Burdon cited health concerns as the primary reason for his proposal, arguing that legalising sodomy at 16 posed risks to young people's health, particularly due to higher rates of sexually transmitted diseases associated with anal intercourse. He acknowledged that while he opposed criminalising adult homosexual behaviour, he believed the state had a responsibility to protect young individuals from potentially dangerous activities. Burdon argued for societal acceptance of individual rights after the age of 20, suggesting that personal choices regarding sexual conduct should not be dictated by law. Mr Bruce Townshend, another National member, showed support for Burdon's amendment and indicated he would oppose the removal of clauses relating to the Human Rights Commission Act in the bill. In contrast, Labour member Mr Trevor de Cleene advocated for the bill's second reading, suggesting that amendments could be addressed later in the legislative process. He critiqued what he described as a ""war of moral opposition"" in the debate surrounding homosexual law reform, advocating for decriminalisation at age 16 as a matter of human equality. Other Labour members, including Mr Philip Goff and Ms Helen Clark, expressed their support for the bill, with Goff noting that the majority opinion among church leaders in his electorate favoured reform. Mr Rex Austin, a member of the National Party, opposed the bill and sought to raise the age of consent further, arguing that males mature slower than females and thus should have different ages of consent. Serious concerns were also raised by Mr Winston Peters, who warned that the bill could lead to an A.I.D.S. epidemic, foreseeing significant medical issues if the bill passed without restrictions. The debate was adjourned at 11 p.m., with plans to continue discussions on the bill on 23 October 1985.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851017_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851017.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498312000
5872,17,10,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 17 October 1985)","On 17 October 1985, the Parliament of New Zealand convened at 2 p.m., during which the Ministers responded to five questions of the day and twelve questions on notice. Additionally, there was one question directed to a private member. Following this, members engaged in a two-hour general debate. At the conclusion of this session, the Thomas Cawthron Trust Amendment Bill was introduced and received its first reading. Subsequently, members resumed the discussion on the second reading of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This debate continued until the House adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m. The talk on the bill picked up again when the House reconvened at 7.30 p.m., and the discussion continued until the House formally rose for the day at 11 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851017_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851017.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498312000
5873,18,10,1985,"Bill Gets School Support (Press, 18 October 1985)","On 18 October 1985, the Hagley High School board of governors publicly expressed its support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. In a statement following their meeting, the board's chairman, Mrs Shirley Croll, articulated the board's recognition of the presence of homosexual staff and students within the school's community. She condemned the current law and acknowledged the injustice, discrimination, and derogatory social attitudes faced by homosexual individuals, highlighting the ongoing campaign of abuse and misinformation related to the Bill. Mrs Croll emphasised that the matter transcended moral considerations, framing it as a fundamental question of human rights. She contended that educational institutions should actively promote tolerance and understanding, acting as exemplars in the advocacy for human rights. According to her, schools have a crucial role in supporting diverse viewpoints and lifestyles. This stance by the Hagley High School board was notable as no other secondary school boards in Christchurch were reported to have addressed the issue at that time. Mr Malcolm Richards, the general manager of the Secondary Schools’ Council, suggested that the lack of discussions on the topic among other school boards might be due to a perceived absence of necessity to address it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851018_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851018.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498398400
5874,18,10,1985,"Flexibility, Teamwork And A Hectic Pace (Press, 18 October 1985)","The tenth series of ""McPhail and Gadsby"" was set to premiere on 5 October 1985, and preparations were in full swing just three days prior. Producer John Lye was managing various production aspects from the office in Christchurch, coordinating with co-writer A.K. Grant and the show's stars, David McPhail and Jon Gadsby, who were busy writing scripts in Gadsby’s flat. The production team faced intense pressure as they worked against the clock to finalise sketches, props, and costumes, with Lye noting the necessity of collaboration from all departments within TVNZ to ensure the show's success. On the morning of 4 October, a critical production meeting took place, where the team outlined needs for various sketches, including props like petition boxes and a live sheep export crate. The atmosphere turned more hectic as the team prepared for rehearsals, with a focus on making the sketches entertaining while navigating the complexities of live production. As final touches were made, the actors rehearsed their lines, and make-up artists prepared for on-screen transformations. Despite some challenges, such as difficulties with props and minor line fluffs, the atmosphere remained positive, with breaks for discussion and improvisation. By 6.30 p.m. the day of filming concluded, but the work did not stop there; Lye and his assistant Pollard continued editing late into the night. The completed show was then prepared for a 2.5-hour pause before its airing at 8.30 p.m. on Saturdays. In the following days, the team handled the usual business paperwork, required filming for future segments, and addressed requests related to the stars' engagements. The production cycle for ""McPhail and Gadsby"" was described as chaotic yet unique, with adjustments to customary television production practices needed to meet the tight schedule while maintaining topical relevance and quality. Overall, the six-week production journey involved relentless effort, creativity, and teamwork to bring the popular comedy series to the screen, showcasing the dedication of everyone involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851018_2_93_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851018.2.93.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498398400
5877,19,10,1985,"Another In The Sin Bin (Press, 19 October 1985)","Lawrence Sanders’ novel ""The Fourth Deadly Sin,"" published in 1985, showcases the author's hallmark of polished writing and intricately woven plots. The story centres around Edward X. Delaney, a retired Chief of Detectives with the New York Police Department, who is drawn back into the world of criminal investigation when his former boss requests his assistance on a murder case. Delaney, who savours this return to action as much as his penchant for exotic open sandwiches, becomes embroiled in the investigation of a brutal murder. The victim, a psychiatrist highly regarded by his peers, is discovered dead in his office, having been beaten to death with a ballpeen hammer. The case intensifies as the victim's wealthy and strikingly beautiful wife pressures law enforcement for swift justice. Delaney forms a team of detectives to delve into the complexities surrounding six of the deceased's patients, all of whom have shown tendencies towards violence. This premise allows Sanders to blend the mundane with the bizarre, examining the lives of individuals immersed in peculiar circumstances where murder seems a plausible extension of their realities. Among the characters encountered are a agoraphobic, who is fascinated with the occult; an idiosavant; a troubled ex-Vietnam veteran; a young woman facing suicidal ideations; and a guilt-stricken homosexual with exquisite tastes. Each of these figures adds layers of intrigue to the investigation, creating a rich tapestry of potential motives and backgrounds, which keeps readers engaged. Sanders has a knack for crafting compelling narratives that are difficult to resist, characterised by hardboiled American police procedural elements. His adept use of language, evident from the very first line describing the ominous November sky over Manhattan, draws the reader in and maintains momentum throughout the novel. With ""The Fourth Deadly Sin,"" he continues his reputation for producing entertaining literature with a quality of writing that captivates and involves the audience. Ultimately, readers are left contemplating the nature of sin and human behaviour, pondering not just the thematic implications of the titular ""deadly sins,"" but also the myriad complexities of each character's life woven throughout the story.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851019_2_122_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851019.2.122.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498484800
5875,19,10,1985,"Group Reacts To M P.’s Call (Press, 19 October 1985)","On 19 October 1985, the Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays (H.U.G.) organisation expressed its views regarding the proposed changes to the age of consent for homosexual activity in New Zealand. The group's Wellington coordinator, Ms Kim Saffron, responded to comments made by Fendalton MP Mr Philip Burdon, who suggested raising the age of consent from the 16 years outlined in the Homosexual Law Reform bill. Burdon's reasoning was based on concerns over the physical risks associated with anal intercourse. Ms Saffron argued that physical risks should not be the sole basis for criminalising an activity. She asserted that setting the age of consent at 20 would not effectively deter young people from engaging in homosexual activities, just as the current law had not. Furthermore, she warned that raising the age limit could hinder the ability to educate young homosexuals about safe sexual practices, potentially increasing health risks rather than alleviating them. The H.U.G. organisation's stance highlighted the complexities of legislating sexual consent and the importance of sexual education, particularly for young homosexual individuals. Saffron's comments emphasised that legal restrictions could have unintended consequences on public health and education, advocating instead for supportive measures rather than punitive legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851019_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851019.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498484800
5876,19,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 19 October 1985)","The letters published in response to the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill in October 1985 reflect a range of perspectives on the legislation and its implications for society. The correspondence reveals significant concerns about the potential societal impacts of legalising homosexuality, especially in relation to education and moral values. Ross Edgar argues that the primary individuals affected by the bill—the gay community—do not desire societal contention and assert that lawmakers have a duty to update outdated and unjust laws. He critiques the notion that opponents possess superior knowledge about the issue, suggesting that if left to the parties involved, resolution would have occurred sooner. Brendan McNeill expresses discomfort with the idea of promoting homosexual lifestyles among schoolchildren, questioning if it is appropriate to endorse tolerance that may overlook the consequences of different sexual practices. He argues that abdication of moral responsibility by authority figures, like the board of governors at Hagley High School, compromises their credibility. Another correspondent, B. Roberts, raises the issue of sexual maturity, arguing that the potential dangers of immature males engaging in sexual activity should prompt the need for protective measures for young women as well. He highlights health risks related to heterosexual intercourse and contrasts them with perceived dangers associated with male-male interactions. Vernon Wilkinson addresses misconceptions surrounding sodomy, clarifying its definition and expressing disdain for the act, which he views as a deviation from accepted norms. He questions whether legalising sodomy might lead to a slippery slope where other practices, like incest and bestiality, might also seek legal validation, prompting concerns about where societal boundaries should be drawn. E. Read discusses the importance of considering public opinion in law-making, citing moral responsibilities that should align with societal benefits. He contrasts attitudes towards homosexuality in the United States and the Soviet Union, suggesting that different cultural responses have resulted in varying societal consequences, including the A.I.D.S. epidemic in the U.S. Lastly, David Shanks critiques earlier arguments that conflate legal status with normalcy, drawing parallels between sodomy and rape to illustrate that legality does not equate to acceptance or normal behaviour. He warns against the dangers of attributing respectability to behaviours simply because they are biologically possible. Overall, these letters underscore a profound division in public opinion regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, highlighting fears about changing moral standards and the consequences of legislative changes on societal norms. The discourse encapsulates historical tensions surrounding sexual rights and the role of government in regulating personal behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851019_2_117_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851019.2.117.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498484800
5878,21,10,1985,"‘Cloud Nine,' Court (Press, 21 October 1985)","""Cloud Nine,"" a play written by Caryl Churchill and directed by Alex Gilchrist, is being performed at the Court Theatre from 19 October to 16 November 1985. The play presents a comedic yet thought-provoking exploration of alternative sexual practices within a staunchly British family, juxtaposing a Victorian setting with a modern interpretation. The first half of the play is set in Victorian England, where the comedic elements are pronounced. The characters find themselves entangled in absurd sexual pursuits. Key figures include a pomposity-laden father, portrayed by Mark Hadlow, who is overly eager in his advances towards Mrs Saunders, a widow. His wife, Betty, played by Peter Elliot, is unaware of her husband's infidelities and instead harbours her own interests in Harry Bagley, an explorer with questionable inclinations towards the family's son, Edward. Edward, depicted with a love for unconventional pursuits like dolls, adds to the play's humour alongside the governess's subtle dishonesty and the presence of Joshua, the African servant. The farcical nature of the Victorian segment elicits laughter as the absurdity of the characters' lives unfolds. In the second half, the narrative jumps forward 100 years. Characters age by only 25 years, mirroring the restrictive Victorian values with moderated modernity. This shift, however, transforms the tone; the humour dissipates, revealing the characters’ unhappiness and disorientation amidst evolving sexual norms. The play takes on a darker layer, focusing heavily on sexual practices and relationships, diverging from the comedic elements of the first act. Although clever lines and the ongoing antics of a five-year-old character played by Hadlow inject some levity, the overall atmosphere shifts. The exploration of libertarian lifestyles contrasts starkly with the Victorian hypocrisy portrayed previously. The production features an effective set design by Tony Geddis, using a rotating canvas curtain that seamlessly transitions scenes. The visual contrasts and the staging of the two periods were creatively executed with symbolic floral changes reflecting the seasons. Costumes by Pamela Maling, Geraldine Ward, and Penny Wenlock effectively reflected the differing eras. The cast delivered nuanced performances; Jan Fisher's youthful exuberance as Edward, Mark Hadlow's pomposity as the Victorian father, and Peter Elliot’s subtler portrayal of Betty contributed significantly to the comedic impact. Additionally, the gender confusion introduced by Elliot was portrayed with sophistication rather than outright humour. The diverse roles played by Eilish Moran as the governess and modern companion, as well as the contributions of Lloyd Edwards and Jon Pheloung in various roles, rounded out a compelling ensemble. Overall, while “Cloud Nine” successfully engages audiences with its sharp wit and evolving themes around sexuality, it grapples with the inherent tensions of personal freedom versus societal constraints, making it a complex exploration of the human experience across two vastly different yet parallel time periods.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851021_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851021.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498657600
7683,21,10,1985,"Decision-making In Education (Press, 21 October 1985)","In a letter published on 21 October 1985, J. M. Nihoniho expresses strong criticism of Mr Marshall's stance on corporal punishment in Aotearoa. Nihoniho suggests that only the Minister has the authority to make decisions on this matter, undermining the judgment of school principals and the relevance of consulting parents, whom they believe cannot be trusted to take responsibility. The letter conveys a sense of frustration with what is perceived as a lack of common sense in today’s society, especially regarding disciplinary methods in schools. Nihoniho contrasts the intolerance for corporal punishment, like the strap or cane, with perceived leniency towards other issues, referencing the situation at Hagley High regarding sodomy. The letter concludes with a rhetorical question about whether Mr Marshall will have unchecked power without the option of corporal punishment for restraint.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851021_2_112_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851021.2.112.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498657600
5879,21,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 21 October 1985)","In a letter to the editor dated 16 October 1985, J. Miller, Chairman of the Selwyn Electorate National Party, expressed surprise at remarks made by Mr Gordon Dennis regarding the response to homosexual law reform within the Selwyn electorate branch. Miller attended nearly all annual general meetings (A.G.M.s) and found little evidence to support Dennis's claim of an ""overwhelming rejection"" of the proposed reforms. He noted that discussions on the issue occurred at only two out of 16 branch meetings, with only one of those meetings taking a vote. A remit opposing the bill was presented at the electorate A.G.M. and resulted in a narrow vote of 30 in favour and 18 against, with about 40 attendees abstaining from the vote. Miller interpreted this as a sign of a lack of strong interest in the topic. He also mentioned that after hearing the explanations from Ruth Richardson regarding her stance, most members present seemed to concur, at least in principle, with her views. This letter highlighted the divided opinions within the branch on the issue of homosexual law reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851021_2_112_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851021.2.112.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498657600
5880,21,10,1985,"Homosexual Reform Move Angers Group (Press, 21 October 1985)","On 21 October 1985, the Women’s National Abortion Action Campaign expressed strong opposition to proposed amendments in New Zealand’s Homosexual Law Reform legislation that aimed to raise the age of consent from 16 to 20 years. This initiative was led by National Party MP Philip Burdon, who claimed the change was intended to protect the health of young homosexual men. Ms Di Cleary, representing the Action Campaign, strongly challenged Burdon's reasoning, arguing that young women also face serious health risks, which he seemed to overlook. Cleary highlighted alarming issues, particularly the recent breakdown of abortion services in Christchurch, which had led to increased rates of attempted suicide and self-induced abortions among women. She noted that cervical cancer, now known to be sexually transmitted, was causing ten times more deaths among women than AIDS was causing across the population. Additionally, she warned that undetected chlamydia could lead to significant infertility issues, suggesting that women's health was not receiving adequate attention compared to other concerns, including the plight of koalas in Australia which were receiving more healthcare for a related strain of chlamydia. Furthermore, Cleary pointed out the socio-economic pressures faced by young women, particularly those with limited job opportunities, who historically have been vulnerable to exploitation in prostitution. She questioned the logic behind suggesting that young girls needed less protection than young boys, asserting that this implied a lower value placed on women. In her view, the original setting of the age of consent at 16 had been a necessary response to the tragic exploitation and harm faced by young child prostitutes. Raising the age for homosexual consent, she argued, would send a detrimental message regarding the sexual availability of young women. Cleary's statements underscored a broader feminist critique of how discussions surrounding consent and sexual health often reflect deeper societal inequalities and patriarchal values, calling for a more equitable approach to the protection of all young people, regardless of gender.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851021_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851021.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498657600
5882,22,10,1985,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 22 October 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 22 October 1985, Varian J. Wilson expresses strong criticism of a recent advertisement by the A.I.D.S. Foundation, which was funded by taxpayer money. Wilson claims that the advertisement, while containing factual information about A.I.D.S., also spread misleading propaganda that aimed to protect what he refers to as ""perversion."" He argues against the notion that A.I.D.S. is solely a gay disease, acknowledging that at least 70 per cent of A.I.D.S. cases involve gay men. However, he also notes that in New Zealand, the disease has been particularly deadly for male homosexuals. Wilson defends his position by drawing a controversial comparison between people blaming gay men for A.I.D.S. and the historical actions of Adolf Hitler, who sought to scapegoat minority groups for societal problems. He insists that equating A.I.D.S. with homosexuality in a negative light is unjust and harmful. Furthermore, he recounts a prior conversation with the Minister of Health, where his suggestion to quarantine known homosexual A.I.D.S. sufferers was angrily dismissed. In closing, Wilson contrasts the government's response to A.I.D.S. with its proactive measures against foot and mouth disease, suggesting that financial interests in the sheep industry are valued more highly than addressing human health concerns. Through his letter, Wilson calls attention to the perceived inadequacies in the response to the A.I.D.S. crisis and highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851022_2_86_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851022.2.86.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498744000
5881,22,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 22 October 1985)","In a letter published on 22 October 1985, Paul Maling responds to David Shanks' interpretation of a previous discussion surrounding the concept of ""normality"" in relation to sexual behaviour, particularly regarding rape. Maling argues that Shanks' confusion stems from his own logical deductions, highlighting that the term ""normal"" should not be misinterpreted as a value judgment. He asserts that the genetic structure of male mammals allows for certain behaviours, including rape, which can be observed in both homosexual and heterosexual cases. Maling cites examples from the animal kingdom, such as cats and tigresses, to illustrate his point that these behaviours exist in nature and should be recognised objectively, irrespective of moral viewpoints. In a separate letter, Bruce Morrison critiques Philip Burdon's proposal for raising the age of consent to 20. Morrison argues that such legislation would be unenforceable for the 16 to 19 age group and questions the practicality of legislating morality. He challenges Burdon's role as a lawmaker and the implications of his proposal on the existing legal framework. Both letters reflect ongoing debates in New Zealand regarding sexual consent laws and the moral implications surrounding them during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851022_2_86_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851022.2.86.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498744000
7605,23,10,1985,"Mayor’s Assassin Dead (Press, 23 October 1985)","Dan White, the assassin of San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk, was found dead on 22 October 1985 at his home in San Francisco. Police reported that he appeared to have died from carbon monoxide poisoning. White had served five years of a seven-year prison sentence after being convicted of voluntary manslaughter for the 1978 murders of Moscone and Milk. He was paroled in January 1984. In the trial that followed the murders, White's defence team famously employed the ""Twinkie Defence,"" claiming that his consumption of junk food was indicative of his severe depression at the time of the killings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851023_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851023.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498830400
5885,24,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 24 October 1985)","In a letter published on 24 October 1985, a writer responds to an accusation by David Shanks regarding their thinking on the subject of sodomy and its legal status. The writer expresses frustration at Shanks's critique, which they find vague and unclear. They reference their original statement that if sodomy were considered normal, there would be no laws against it, suggesting that laws exist to safeguard society from practices perceived to be harmful. The writer questions how Shanks connected their views on sodomy with adultery, implying that Shanks may be misinterpreting the argument by using a hypothetical syllogism. The letter concludes with a rhetorical question about the implications of current homosexual practices in San Francisco, pondering whether pity for homosexuals should lead to encouragement of such behaviours, thereby raising broader questions about societal values and legal frameworks surrounding sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851024_2_88_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851024.2.88.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498916800
5883,24,10,1985,"Speaker Suspends Mr Wellington (Press, 24 October 1985)","On 24 October 1985, Opposition member Mr Merv Wellington was suspended from Parliament for 24 hours after he refused to apologise for derogatory comments made about two Labour MPs, Bill Dillon and Trevor Mallard. The incident occurred during the discussion of the Hamilton City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering Bill. Following a warning from the Speaker, Dr Wall, about his remarks calling the Labour members “political louts,” Mr Wellington defied the order to apologise and remained in the chamber, stating he would not apologise to either the Speaker or the two Labour members. Dr Wall subsequently called for a motion to suspend Mr Wellington, citing the House's rules which dictate that a first-time offender in a Parliamentary session may be suspended for a single day. Mr Wellington's refusal to comply led to tensions in the chamber, as Opposition members raised multiple points of order during the interim period until dinner adjournment. Despite being suspended, Mr Wellington was seen reading a newspaper, indicating his disregard for the situation. Post-dinner, the Leader of the Opposition, Mr McLay, attempted to defend Mr Wellington's rights by suggesting that Parliament had procedures—referred to as a “sin bin”—which would allow suspended members to vote while remaining absent from the chamber. However, Dr Wall deemed Mr McLay's questioning of his ruling as “grossly disorderly,” leading to Mr McLay being asked to leave the chamber temporarily. The motion to suspend Mr Wellington passed with a vote of 46 to 32, reflecting a partisan divide in support for the Speaker's authority. After receiving his suspension, Mr Wellington returned to the chamber seeking to continue his speech on the bill but was unable to do so as the motion to suspend also prohibited his participation in parliamentary proceedings during the suspension period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851024_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851024.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498916800
5884,24,10,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 24 October 1985)","On 24 October 1985, Parliament met in Wellington, where Speaker Dr Wall issued a ruling regarding the reporting back of a private member's bill from the former Commerce and Energy Select Committee. The session began at 2 p.m. with ministers responding to 19 questions, after which members engaged in the weekly two-hour general debate. The House then moved on to the second reading of the Hamilton City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering Bill, but the debate was interrupted for dinner at 5.30 p.m. Upon resumption at 7.30 p.m., members voted to suspend Mr M. L. Wellington, representing the National Party in Papakura, from Parliament for a 24-hour period, with the vote tallying 46 in favour and 32 against. Following this, the Hamilton City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering Bill proceeded to its second reading. Additionally, the Fish Royalties Bill was reported back from the Primary Production Select Committee with a single amendment. In that session, five bills reached their third and final readings: the Higher Salaries Commission Amendment Bill (No. 2), the Judicature Amendment Bill (No. 3), the District Courts' Amendment Bill (No. 3), the Industrial Relations Amendment Bill (No. 2), and the Maori Affairs Amendment Bill (No. 3). The debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill resumed but was cut short when the House adjourned at 11 p.m. This topic will be revisited in two weeks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851024_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851024.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498916800
5886,24,10,1985,"Vernon Wilkinson. (Press, 24 October 1985)","On 24 October 1985, letters published in the New Zealand media express a range of opinions concerning homosexuality and the associated moral and legal implications. One letter by David Shanks critiques the rigid moral stance held by both the Salvation Army and Soviet authorities regarding homosexuality. Shanks argues that metaphysical beliefs often underlie crusades against various targeted groups, including homosexuals, suggesting that these prejudices are perpetuated by a naive and self-righteous public. He warns that such doctrines can lead to persecution of minorities designated as 'heretics' based on the prevailing ideologies. In another letter dated 21 October, Roger C. Lowry advocates for the idea of leaving homosexuals to live peacefully without interference. He posits that sexual orientation is inherent and not a choice, suggesting a reform of laws to decriminalise consensual sexual behaviours between adults while maintaining legal penalties for criminal acts such as sexual assault and incest. H.G. Oram's letter further fuels the debate by reflecting on moral standards and laws, bringing in a religious perspective. He draws an analogy between the three crosses at Golgotha to discuss the nuances of societal norms and the importance of having fixed moral absolutes, which he believes should be grounded in divine principles. Oram contends that the establishment of such standards is for the greater good, similar to traffic laws that restrict movement but ultimately ensure safety. The letters together encapsulate the tensions surrounding the subject of homosexuality in 1985 New Zealand, illustrating a societal divide in perspectives on morality, legality, and personal freedom.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851024_2_88_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851024.2.88.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,498916800
5888,26,10,1985,"“MPs Must Protect Society’s Moral Fibre” (Press, 26 October 1985)","On 23 October 1985, debates around the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in the New Zealand Parliament were marked by strong opposition from several members of Parliament expressing views that condemned homosexuality. National Party MP Maurice McTigue from Timaru described homosexuals as ""predatory beings"" and urged his colleagues to vote against the bill to protect the moral fabric of society. He argued that homosexuality undermined the traditional family unit, which he saw as essential for societal stability, and asserted that anything detracting from the family would ultimately lead to societal denigration. The bill, introduced by Wellington Central MP Fran Wilde, aimed to decriminalise consensual homosexual acts between males over the age of 16 and included protections for children under 16, as well as amendments to the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. Despite his personal views opposing homosexuality, Labour MP Frank O’Flynn indicated a willingness to support decriminalisation, pending agreement on the age of consent, which he preferred to set at 20 years. He expressed concerns about the notion that homosexuality could be seen as a valid lifestyle and critiqued the intolerance displayed by both supporters and opponents of the bill. Other MPs voiced concerns regarding public health, specifically the implications of the bill concerning the spread of A.I.D.S. National Party MP Jim Bolger highlighted that while legalising male anal intercourse was a focus of the bill, it did not make homosexuality itself illegal. Similarly, MP John Falloon warned that the push for reform represented only the beginning of broader societal changes advocated by proponents of the bill, mentioning fears over homosexual couples seeking to adopt children and the potential for ""recruitment"" of gay teachers. In response to the ongoing debates, Labour MP Dr Bill Sutton proposed an amendment to raise the age of consent from 16 to 18, aligning it with the voting age and reinforcing concerns regarding the health risks associated with anal intercourse. Sutton also signalled intentions to amend the bill's human rights provisions, seeking a clearer definition of sexual orientation. The discussion highlighted a deep divide among MPs regarding homosexual rights and societal values, with traditional views clashing against a growing recognition of minority rights and the need for legal reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851026_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851026.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499089600
5887,26,10,1985,"Airmen Cleared Of Spying (Press, 26 October 1985)","On 25 October 1985, a jury in London acquitted three British servicemen of charges related to the unauthorized disclosure of NATO military secrets to the Soviet Union. The charges stemmed from allegations that the servicemen, who were members of the Royal Air Force, had been blackmailed due to their involvement in homosexual activities while stationed in Cyprus. After a trial that began in April, the jury unanimously found the defendants not guilty of six charges brought under the Official Secrets Act. The prosecution had claimed that the accused had participated in homosexual orgies and subsequently supplied sensitive information to Soviet agents, alleging that they had transmitted vast amounts of confidential material during their service between 1982 and 1984 at a critical communications facility at a British military base in Cyprus. Meanwhile, the jury was still deliberating on the case involving four other airmen who were also implicated in the same incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851026_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851026.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499089600
5889,28,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 28 October 1985)","In a series of letters to the editor published in ""The Press,"" contributors express dissatisfaction with the portrayal of discussions surrounding sodomy and homosexual law reform in New Zealand. David Shanks responds to Paul Maling's views on the use of the term ""normal,"" particularly in relation to sodomy. Shanks argues that Maling's conclusion—that describing sodomy as ""normal"" could lead to the absurd conclusion that rape is also ""normal""—is flawed. He accuses Maling of failing to defend his stance logically and suggests that Maling's rhetoric serves more to dismiss opposing viewpoints as subjective rather than engage in meaningful debate. Shanks criticises Maling’s assertion that some aspects of “mammalian normality,” such as rape, can be discussed without moral implications, claiming that this view undermines important value judgments about morality. Another contributor, Ralph Knowles, raises concerns about media coverage of the homosexual law reform debate, specifically objecting to what he perceives as biased reporting by ""The Press."" He notes that the newspaper's coverage devoted disproportionately limited space to opposing viewpoints, focusing primarily on those against or wary of the proposed reforms. Knowles highlights that the report neglected an important speech made by the Lyttelton MP, Mrs Hercus, who presented factual support for the bill, including results from her poll and a more nuanced analysis of the public's sentiment. He argues for a more balanced and complete representation of the debate, reflecting a more comprehensive understanding of the support for the proposed reforms and the various opinions surrounding them.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851028_2_100_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851028.2.100.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499258800
6735,28,10,1985,"Refuges Confirm Amendments (Press, 28 October 1985)","On 28 October 1985, representatives from 31 of New Zealand's 34 women's refuges met in Wellington to affirm their commitment to the constitutional amendments that have sparked controversy within the refuge movement. The gathering, led by national co-ordinator Ms Rosemary Ash of the National Collective of Independent Women’s Refuges, supported the direction the collective is pursuing. The controversial amendments, adopted in June, had led to the resignation of the West Auckland Refuge and the Christchurch Battered Women’s Support Groups earlier in August. Dr John and Mrs Doris Church, co-ordinators of the Christchurch group, alleged last month that the refuge movement was becoming dominated by radical and lesbian separatists. Ms Ash expressed her concern over Dr Church's statements, labelling them as ""inaccurate and misleading."" She clarified that the Christchurch group lacked knowledge about the proceedings at the Wellington meeting due to their resignation from the collective, and emphasised that only active members participated in the discussions. She reiterated that none of the amendments proposed had been discarded. The governance changes regarding the aims and objectives of the refuge movement were reapproved, with some reworded for clarity and inclusiveness. However, revisions on the movement’s code of practice are still in progress and will be addressed in future meetings. The primary focus across the refuges remains centred on the welfare of abused women and children, alongside efforts to assist abusers in understanding their actions. Ms Ash asserted that this commitment is shared by all groups, including those who have left the collective. When queried about the ideological disparities that led to the resignations, Ms Ash mentioned the difficulty in understanding the motivations of the dissenting groups, indicating a wide array of complaints had been raised. The amendments aimed to uphold and protect the rights of women against discrimination—including sexual preference—and promote personal growth and autonomy. They also focus on preventing violence, raising public awareness about women's refuges, advocating for legal reforms benefiting women in volatile domestic situations, and providing support for operational and financial sustainability within the refuge network. The collective intends to ensure that their framework fosters confidentiality, equality, and cooperation amongst the refuges while facilitating financial assistance and employment for those implementing its objectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851028_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851028.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499258800
5891,29,10,1985,"Defamation Cover Refused (Press, 29 October 1985)","On 29 October 1985, it was reported that Graeme Lee, an Opposition member of Parliament from Hauraki, inquired about the availability of insurance coverage for defamation writs. His concerns arose from the reality that while Members of Parliament enjoy protection against legal repercussions for statements made in the House, they are exposed to the same consequences as any private citizen when speaking or writing outside of it. Mr J. F. Stirton, the general manager of the State Insurance Office, informed Mr Lee that no insurance company in New Zealand is likely to provide cover for defamation claims involving MPs. He explained that this type of insurance is not a risk that his office, nor any known insurer in New Zealand, underwrites. To further assist Mr Lee, Mr Stirton reached out to Lloyd’s agents in London; their assessment confirmed a similar lack of available coverage for Members of Parliament in the UK. The context of Mr Lee's inquiry is noteworthy as it follows a personal legal battle between him and the homosexual magazine ""Out!"", with both parties issuing defamation writs against one another since July. The situation highlights the potential legal vulnerabilities faced by politicians when engaging in public discourse, as they remain liable for their statements outside the parliamentary framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851029_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851029.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499345200
5890,29,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 29 October 1985)","In a series of letters published in response to controversial opinions, T. Wainwright raises a crucial question regarding the legal rights of gay individuals in society. Wainwright argues that, like any other demographic facing discrimination—whether based on race, sex, or religious beliefs—gay people should have the same protections under the law. This is particularly pertinent in situations where individuals wield authority over employment, housing, or the provision of services. Wainwright emphasises that the fundamental rights to legal protection are essential in a free society and points out the inconsistency in providing such protections to fundamentalist Christians while denying them to members of the LGBTQ+ community, particularly lesbians. Another letter by P. Norman Davey criticises Paul Maling's views on rape, suggesting they are primitive and potentially harmful. Davey expresses concern over Maling's comparison of human behaviour to that of tigers as a justification for rape, arguing that such justifications are dangerous and diminish the severity of the crime. He urges that human beings possess the capacity to understand and empathise with one another, which stands in stark contrast to Maling’s assertion that rape could be seen as a natural act. Davey insists on the need to protect young males from older, more dominant individuals and advocates for a male age of consent to be set at 20, reflecting a belief that current societal attitudes towards consent and protection are inadequate. These letters reflect broader societal debates of the time regarding sexual rights and protections, highlighting the ongoing struggles for equality and the need for responsible discourse around sensitive topics such as consent and sexual orientation. The views expressed reveal a community grappling with issues of justice, protection, and the moral implications of sexual behaviour, further illustrating the tensions present in 1980s New Zealand regarding gender, sexuality, and societal norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851029_2_81_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851029.2.81.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499345200
7282,29,10,1985,"Offer Of Help To Victim (Press, 29 October 1985)","A 31-year-old man with A.I.D.S. in Auckland is facing eviction from his flat after receiving a month's notice from his landlord. The man, who wishes to remain anonymous, is uncertain if his eviction is related to his medical condition. Despite his health deteriorating, he expresses optimism about managing in a new flat with support from friends involved with the A.I.D.S. Support Network. Meanwhile, the chairman of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, Ms Kate Leslie, announced that the organisation has been presented with two potential accommodation offers: a one-bedroom flat and a room in a cottage from a private individual. Ms Leslie is hopeful that one of these options will be suitable for the man.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851029_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851029.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499345200
5892,30,10,1985,"U.k. Trial Ends In Acquittals (Press, 30 October 1985)","On 30 October 1985, Britain's longest and most expensive spy trial concluded at London's Old Bailey, with a jury acquitting all seven defendants of all charges after 119 days of proceedings that reportedly cost £5 million (approximately $12.5 million). The defendants, who included Geoffrey Jones, 21, and Christopher Payne, 26, both serving as special telegraphists in the Royal Air Force, were alleged to have passed critical Western secrets to Soviet agents while stationed in Cyprus, purportedly due to blackmail over homosexual activities. The prosecution claimed that the servicemen had provided sensitive information ""by the bagful"" to the enemy, citing the establishment of a Moscow-directed spy ring. However, the case faced significant challenges, particularly as two of the defendants later asserted in interviews that their confessions had been coerced through threats and physical abuse. The jury's verdict to clear Jones, who faced seven charges under the Official Secrets Act of 1911, and Payne, who was charged with four similar counts, marked a significant turn in spy prosecutions. The trial had been largely conducted in secrecy, which raised various concerns about transparency and the handling of sensitive information. The acquittals in this case are expected to reignite discussions concerning the reform or repeal of the Official Secrets Act, especially considering that this is the second unsuccessful prosecution under the act in 1985, the previous one involving civil servant Clive Ponting, who was exonerated despite admitting to disclosing confidential materials to a newspaper. The outcome of this trial, combined with the way it was handled, may lead to broader implications for how espionage cases are dealt with in the future and reflect the ongoing tensions regarding national security and individual rights in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851030_2_77_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851030.2.77.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499431600
5894,31,10,1985,"Bar To Gay Record? (Press, 31 October 1985)","On 31 October 1985, it was reported that the pop band Bronski Beat will be releasing a new single featuring their new vocalist, John Foster. This news comes at a time of controversy surrounding their former lead singer, Jimmy Sommerville, who has been embroiled in discussions regarding his new group, The Communards. The group is facing scrutiny over their latest single, “You Are My World,” which is described as a homosexual love song. There have been allegations that this single is receiving less airplay on BBC Radio 1 in Britain when compared to independent radio stations. The record company's representatives from London Records acknowledged that they had anticipated more airplay for the single but noted that its presence on Radio 1 was starting to improve. The controversy harkens back to past issues surrounding the BBC's treatment of music with LGBTQ+ themes, specifically referencing the earlier ban on Frankie Goes To Hollywood's single ""Relax."" In response to such criticisms, the BBC clarified that they no longer implement outright bans on records, stating that ""Records simply sometimes do not get put on the playlists."" This situation reflects ongoing discussions around representation and acceptance of LGBTQ+ themes in mainstream media during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851031_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851031.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499518000
5893,31,10,1985,"Controversial Book To Stay (Press, 31 October 1985)","On 31 October 1985, the Canterbury Public Library affirmed its decision to keep the children’s book ""Jenny Lives with Eric and Martin"" in its collection, despite complaints from local resident Philip Maynard who argued that it promotes homosexuality. Deputy City Librarian Ms Helen Tait expressed confidence in the quality of the book, stating that it addresses a relevant social issue with sensitivity. The book tells the story of a girl named Jenny and her experiences living with her father and his homosexual partner. Maynard discovered the book at the Shirley Public Library and claimed it suggested that homosexual love is normal, contrasting it with heterosexual relationships. He showed concern, especially as a parent, about its availability to children, suggesting that the book could mislead them about homosexuality. Children’s librarian Ms Catherine j Thompson stated that the library obtained the book to help children understand homosexuality, emphasizing that it promotes understanding rather than advocating for homosexuality itself. She expressed her belief in the importance of literature that discusses minority groups, and defended her professional judgement in selecting appropriate materials for the library. Maynard voiced discontent with the librarians' stance and mentioned that he had consulted with various groups, including the Citizens’ Advice Bureau and the Coalition of Concerned Christians. He suggested that the book could violate the Indecent Publications Act if presented to the Indecent Publications Tribunal. The book was originally authored by Danish writer Susanne Bosche, published in 1981 and translated into English in 1983. Maynard pointed out concerns regarding the absence of an age recommendation or content warning in the book, which is 50 pages long and aimed at children. Ms Tait clarified that the book was purposely placed in a section of the library designed to address social issues for children. She stated that selection of books is a careful process, reliant on the librarians' professional expertise and not solely on publisher reviews. She asserted that any complaints regarding inappropriate content should go through the Indecent Publications Tribunal, and if a book is deemed acceptable by them, it can remain in the library. Christchurch City Council’s cultural and public relations committee chairman, Cr Rex Arbuckle, expressed surprise and concern over the book's presence in the children’s section. He noted that while the council provides funding for the library, it does not vet individual titles, leaving the selection to librarians. He maintained that there should be a moral standard for materials accessible to the public. In response to Maynard’s media outreach, Ms Tait expressed concern that his complaints could inadvertently increase interest in the book, possibly leading to higher demand from the public. She highlighted that the goal was to foster understanding rather than foster controversy surrounding the topic of homosexuality among children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851031_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851031.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499518000
5896,31,10,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 31 October 1985)","In October 1985, a letter to the editor from Gordon P. Dennis expressed his discontent with the public opinion poll reported in ""The Press"" regarding support for the gay law reform bill in the Selwyn electorate, which he felt misrepresented community sentiment. He pointed out that many questionnaires remained unanswered and noted that around 40 people abstained from voting during the annual general meeting. Dennis questioned the implications of the bill, suggesting that if a straightforward question regarding the lawful sodomy of minors had been posed, responses might have been limited. He reaffirmed that the community values family structures and argued that changes to laws regarding homosexuality could be damaging to this foundation. Dennis also responded to comments made by Miss Richardson, who advocated for protecting young men and suggested a minimum age of 20 for legalised homosexual activity; he urged a complete rejection of the gay bill instead. In another letter, Paul Maling addressed historical and biblical perspectives on homosexuality. He recounted an incident in 1850, where English magistrates sentenced a homosexual couple to hanging, citing their actions as a societal danger. Maling contended that such anti-homosexual laws were founded on flawed assumptions, invoking a biblical reference to the story of Sodom, which he argued was misinterpreted. He pointed out that these laws stemmed from a desire to differentiate communities post-Babylonian captivity and suggested that mere non-fraternisation would not yield peace. Maling contrasted this with the ancient Greek view, where homosexual relationships were integral to a strong society and posited that their civilisation serves as a model for contemporary society. Both letters reflect the contentious debate surrounding the gay law reform bill and the differing ideologies regarding homosexuality within the Selwyn electorate at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851031_2_116_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851031.2.116.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499518000
5895,31,10,1985,"Who Lives, Who Dies? (Press, 31 October 1985)","The shocking season finale of the television series ""Dynasty,"" which aired on 31 October 1985, left millions of viewers in disbelief and speculation. The glamorous wedding of Amanda, dressed in white and embodying a Princess Diana-like appearance, to Prince Michael was abruptly interrupted by a terrorist attack. Guests at the church were suddenly caught in a spray of machine-gun fire, leading to chaos and leaving many characters seemingly dead, including Amanda, Alexis, and Krystle. The scene was marked by a lack of graphic violence, as the characters fell elegantly, with minimal bloodshed evident on their faces. Despite the apparent deaths, it is widely believed that the show will not actually kill off its main cast, as ""Dynasty"" has developed a substantial cultural following, including merchandise and a loyal fanbase. Speculation has begun regarding which characters will survive, akin to the buzz surrounding the ""Who Shot J.R.?"" mystery from a previous season. Among the cast, the character of Alexis, played by Joan Collins, is considered indestructible and is expected to return. The narrative has evolved around her fierce persona and significant contributions to the show's success. Springing from this central character, Diahann Carroll’s Dominique Devereaux is also likely to survive, having recently renewed her contract. Linda Evans’ character, Krystle, is anticipated to return, though there is uncertainty surrounding the fate of other characters. Notably, Ali McGraw’s Lady Ashley, who joined the show mid-season amid controversy regarding her high salary compared to her co-stars, will not be returning, reportedly due to tensions over earnings and her compatibility with the cast. One confirmed casualty is Luke Fuller, Steven Carrington's boyfriend, who exited the show after the actor, Oliver Campbell, expressed concerns about being typecast. This raises questions about how Steven's character will develop moving forward, especially since the portrayal of gay characters on the show has attracted a significant following. The future of characters like Amanda seems secure, while some others, such as Sammy Jo and Fallon, who were not present during the massacre, are likely to survive. Fallon, having been previously presumed dead in a crash, will return with a new storyline, further intertwining with Jeff, a character who will also be featured in a spin-off series titled ""The Colbys of California."" As fans await answers in the upcoming season, the cliffhanger left by the dramatic finale has generated considerable buzz, leading to anticipation and theories about what the future holds for the beloved characters of ""Dynasty.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851031_2_109_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851031.2.109.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499518000
5900,01,11,1985,"‘Gay’ Rugby Men In Provinces? (Press, 1 November 1985)","On 1 November 1985, former All Black prop Ken Gray addressed the issue of homosexuality in rugby in his new sports column for the Journal. Gray noted that while a few homosexual players have represented New Zealand provinces, the broader rugby community often harbours discomfort towards the subject of homosexuality. He pointed out that the physical nature and close contact of rugby can make the notion of homosexual relationships seem challenging for many players, leading to a culture that is not entirely accepting. Despite these challenges in rugby, Gray highlighted that other sports, particularly tennis and equestrian disciplines, have seen increased participation from homosexual athletes. He remarked that equestrian sports, which include dressage, showjumping, and eventing, seem to benefit from the nuanced sensitivity and courage that many gay riders bring, allowing them to achieve notable success in these fields. Gray also revealed that he had finalised his agreement to write the column during a march in Wellington that supported the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, indicating a connection between his personal beliefs and his professional commentary on inclusivity in sports.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851101_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851101.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499604400
5899,01,11,1985,"British Govt Orders Inquiry Into ‘sex-for-secrets’... (Press, 1 November 1985)","On 1 November 1985, the British Government announced an independent inquiry into allegations surrounding the Cyprus spy case, acknowledging claims of incompetence and brutality by military police that necessitated investigation. However, the government rejected calls for compensation for the seven servicemen who had been previously acquitted of charges related to passing secrets to Soviet agents. This decision follows the conclusion of a lengthy trial that lasted 119 days and cost approximately £5 million, during which the credibility of military interrogation methods was brought into serious question. On 28 October 1985, the final two servicemen from the group were found not guilty at the Old Bailey, concluding a highly publicized case that began with accusations of blackmail and sexual impropriety. The defence highlighted that most of the trial was conducted in secret and questioned whether any classified information had actually gone missing from the base in Cyprus where the servicemen were stationed. During the trial, testimonies revealed shocking interrogation tactics employed by service police, including extreme sleep deprivation and coercive questioning, leading one of the acquitted servicemen, Aircraftman Christopher Payne, to attempt suicide twice in response to the treatment he received. Minister of Armed Forces, Mr John Stanley, addressed these allegations in the House of Commons, stating that an inquiry led by barrister David Calcutt would investigate the actions of the military police involved in the case, underscoring the importance of preserving the integrity of these officers. Mr Stanley also noted that while the allegations were severe, it was essential to wait for the inquiry's findings before making any conclusions. Serving as a backdrop to this inquiry are broader concerns regarding the functioning of military justice and the accountability of those who enforce the Official Secrets Act, particularly following a series of failed prosecutions related to national security. The ruling against the servicemen, who had claimed they were coerced into espionage through sexual blackmail, serves as a significant blow to security services and adds to a growing list of instances where such prosecutions have failed. The episode has incited debate about the operations of military police and the treatment of individuals under investigation, raising serious questions about the future of security protocols and the handling of the Official Secrets Act in the UK.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851101_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851101.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499604400
5898,01,11,1985,"Choice Of Books (Press, 1 November 1985)","On 1 November 1985, a letter published in ""The Press"" by Wayne Rissman expressed concern regarding the inclusion of the book ""Jenny Lives With Eric and Martin"" in the children's section of the library. Rissman questioned the appropriateness of librarians, particularly Deputy City Librarian Ms Tait, making moral decisions about topics such as homosexuality. He argued that the book promotes homosexual acts as normal and suggests that homosexuality is acceptable, which he believes is inappropriate for children's literature. Rissman called for the City Council to take a closer look at the books available in the library to prevent the promotion of what he refers to as unlawful acts through literature targeted at children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851101_2_87_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851101.2.87.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499604400
5897,01,11,1985,"New Petition If Bill Passed (Press, 1 November 1985)","On 1 November 1985, the organisers of a petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand announced plans for a new campaign if the bill were to pass. The National MP for Invercargill, Mr Norman Jones, expressed doubt about the bill's likelihood of moving through its final stages but indicated that if it did pass, he, along with petition leaders Mr Keith Hay and Sir Peter Tait, would initiate a sophisticated petition aiming for its repeal. Mr Jones stated that he would present a new petition next week featuring around 18,000 signatures, which would raise the total to over 831,000. The bill's second reading is scheduled to conclude on 6 November, and Mr Jones predicted it would pass by a margin of eight to ten votes. Following this, the bill would enter committee stages, where he maintained hope for its defeat. He noted that 36 MPs opposed every clause of the bill, while supporters totalled only 34. This situation made the votes of those with mixed opinions on the bill's clauses particularly critical. One contentious issue was the proposed consenting age of 16; Mr Jones suggested that attempts to amend the age to 18 or 20 would likely fail. It was expected that the vote would ultimately boil down to a choice of ""16 or nothing"", leaving the outcome uncertain. If the Homosexual Law Reform Bill were to become law, Mr Jones revealed that the new petition would use a computerised electoral roll to facilitate signature collection. Plans were in place to deploy around 500 canvassers across each electorate next year, with the expectation that these individuals would need to contact only 40 to 50 people each to gather support. Mr Jones concluded that the campaign would be positioned as an electoral issue, reinforcing their commitment to mobilise public opposition in the event of the bill's passage.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851101_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851101.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499604400
5901,02,11,1985,"Guiding Parents Through Their Tasks (Press, 2 November 1985)","Published on 2 November 1985, the review by Ralf Unger of Penelope Leach's book, ""The Parents’ A to Z: A Guide to Children's Health, Growth and Happiness,"" highlights its comprehensive nature aimed primarily at assisting new parents. The book spans 736 pages and is priced at $19.95 for the paperback version. Unger notes that traditionally, parents had the support of extended families to navigate child development. In contrast, current encyclopaedic guides play a crucial role in replacing that support. Leach's approach is described as largely focused on providing broader insights into normal developmental stages along with potential difficulties rather than exclusively detailing medical conditions. While she briefly touches on a range of physical disorders, her coverage lacks depth in this area – for instance, adenitis is quickly covered in just a quarter-page, while more complex issues like anorexia nervosa are elaborated upon over 17 pages. The book includes a range of subjects, from basic first-aid guidelines to adolescence, which encompasses skin care and discussions about sexual health. Unger points out that the sections on everyday parenting topics, such as selecting a babysitter and communicating about topics like death and drug abuse, are where the book shines. Leach offers creative activities to engage children during times of illness, presenting ideas like building a sandpit from sugar to elevate the fun aspect of parenting during challenging moments. The review stresses the reassuring tone of the book, suggesting that it can help alleviates parental anxieties by normalising children's varied responses to developmental changes. Parents are comforted in the knowledge that crises like febrile convulsions are often temporary. However, Unger casts doubt on the book’s potential for significant long-term impact on parenting styles, contrasting it with the legacy of Dr Benjamin Spock's influential works. Overall, while ""The Parents’ A to Z"" serves as a valuable resource for discussions between parents and children on sensitive subjects, it may not revolutionise child-rearing practices across generations as its author might hope.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851102_2_97_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851102.2.97.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499690800
5902,04,11,1985,"Homosexual Acts Voted To Be Sinful (Press, 4 November 1985)","On 3 November 1985, the Presbyterian Church General Assembly meeting in Dunedin made a significant decision regarding its stance on homosexuality. The assembly voted 138 to 107, with 65 abstentions, in favour of a resolution declaring that homosexual acts are sinful. This resolution replaces a previous recommendation that suggested the decriminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults conducted in private. The resolution, although affirming God's love and acceptance of homosexual individuals, called for a compassionate ministry for those living a homosexual lifestyle. It highlighted the belief in the power of Jesus Christ to forgive and the Holy Spirit's ability to transform lives. Rev. R. M. Yule from Christchurch, who moved the amendment, stated that by setting the age limit for legal homosexual activity at 20, it aligned with British law. He expressed his deep involvement with the homosexual community and his belief in their potential for change. Support for the motion also came from Rev. R. McKenzie of Dunedin, who reiterated biblical teachings that suggest those who engage in homosexual acts will not enter the Kingdom of Heaven. He emphasised the necessity of affirming the gospel's hope and God's power to deliver individuals from what the Bible categorises as sin. However, not all assembly members were in agreement. Rev. G. E. Burgess from Christchurch argued against the fairness of the 20-year age limit, recalling her own experiences as a sexually active 19-year-old. She raised concerns that individuals engaging in homosexual acts would be criminalised until they reached the age of 20. The dissenting voices included Rev. R. J. Galvin, who represented those who opposed the resolution. He expressed that some parts of the motion seemed condescending and suggested that God would be displeased with the assembly's decision. The assembly's choice reflects the complex tensions between traditional religious beliefs and the emerging societal changes regarding homosexuality during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851104_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851104.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499863600
5903,04,11,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 4 November 1985)","In a letter published on 4 November 1985, Paul Maling engaged in a heated debate regarding the nature of sexual behaviour, responding to David Shanks' critique of his use of the term ""normal."" Maling asserted that his understanding of normalcy is rooted in biological and evolutionary context rather than subjective opinions. Citing Dr Wainwright Churchill, he argued that all sexual behaviours, whether heterosexual, homosexual, or autoerotic, are grounded in the phylogeny and developmental history of species. He referenced a statement attributed to Kinsey, suggesting that abnormal sexual acts are those that cannot be performed, inferring that, from a biological perspective, rape could be considered ""normal."" Maling acknowledged that this viewpoint might disturb Shanks, who presumably envisions more agreeable sexual interactions rather than violent ones. He further cited Dr C. Tripp, noting that many female mammals may become aroused only after being aggressively pursued, implying that societal norms may overly sanitise natural behaviour. In response, another correspondent refuted Maling's assertions about ancient Greek society's views on sodomy and its necessity for a robust civilization. This writer pointed out that while sodomy was practiced in ancient Greece, it was confined to specific age groups, particularly involving boys before puberty, and does not mean it was vital for Greek accomplishments. The argument was made that there were numerous other contributing factors to the strength and success of ancient civilisations. They noted that other societies considered strong, including Jewish communities and the Romans, did not engage in active homosexual practices. The letter concluded with skepticism towards the idea that New Zealand's practical, farming-oriented culture could evolve into a refined artistic community similar to ancient Greece merely by decriminalising homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851104_2_102_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851104.2.102.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499863600
7684,04,11,1985,"Vernon Wilkinson. (Press, 4 November 1985)","On 31 October 1985, A. Delhanty wrote a letter responding to Paul Maling's remarks regarding the origins of homosexuality. Delhanty contested Maling's assertion that homosexuality began with the Hebrews after their Babylonian captivity, arguing instead that the phenomenon predates this period. He pointed to the biblical account of Sodom and Gomorrah in Genesis, where the sin of sodomy is first mentioned, stating that God destroyed these cities due to the wickedness associated with their inhabitants. Delhanty further cited a passage from II Peter, which refers to the practices of people during the time of Noah, claiming that they also practiced sodomy. In conclusion, Delhanty emphasised that homosexuality has deeper historical roots than suggested by Maling and is intrinsically linked to the story of Sodom.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851104_2_102_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851104.2.102.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,499863600
5907,06,11,1985,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 6 November 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 6 November 1985, Varian J. Wilson expresses concern over the treatment of A.I.D.S. victims in New Zealand, particularly highlighting a case where a victim may be evicted from his flat due to the illness. Wilson argues that while society should show sympathy and avoid persecution of A.I.D.S. sufferers, health authorities are overly lenient towards homosexual individuals with the disease, suggesting that they continue to pose a risk to the community. The letter notes that a support group for A.I.D.S. patients is reportedly advocating for these individuals to be allowed to remain in their social circles rather than being hospitalised, implying that they should be allowed to die in the company of friends. Wilson maintains that A.I.D.S. is primarily a disease affecting homosexual men in New Zealand and likens the denial often exhibited by individuals with the illness to that of alcoholics, suggesting that this denial could pose a danger to others around them. Wilson criticises recent media reports, particularly those that attempt to mitigate fears surrounding A.I.D.S. He cites an advertisement titled “A.I.D.S. The Facts,” which claims the disease affects everyone, and expresses dissatisfaction with subsequent articles in ""The Press"" that seem to downplay the connection between A.I.D.S. and homosexuality. He believes this oversight perpetuates a conspiracy that undermines the heterosexual community by not addressing the specific demographics affected by the disease. Overall, Wilson’s letter reflects a controversial viewpoint in the ongoing conversation about A.I.D.S., public health, and societal attitudes towards homosexuality during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851106_2_108_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851106.2.108.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500036400
5908,06,11,1985,"Former ‘gay’ Activist Against Law Reform (Press, 6 November 1985)","On 6 November 1985, Noel Mosen, a former activist in the homosexual rights movement, publicly opposed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, arguing against what he perceives as the promotion of a ""normal lifestyle"" for homosexuality. Mosen, who was previously a leader of the Gay Rights Coalition and involved in establishing the Metropolitan Community Church in Auckland, revealed that his past experiences with homosexuality resulted in significant emotional turmoil. He described feelings of insecurity and distrust within his relationships, noting that he was aware of only a few homosexual relationships that lasted longer than a year. Mosen's perspective shifted after he underwent a conversion to Christianity while abroad in the Netherlands and Britain, where he had been active within the homosexual community. His spiritual journey led him to pursue studies to become a minister in the United States. He clarified that he is not affiliated with the Coalition of Concerned Citizens and has not signed any petitions against the bill. In his statement, Mosen argued that homosexuality is a behaviour that can be unlearned. He shared that he feels conflicted about his opposition to the bill, expressing both pain and the perception of betrayal towards the LGBTQ+ community. Mosen conveyed that his past experiences in the homosexual lifestyle led to contemplation of suicide and highlighted a common issue of mental health struggles within the community. He cautioned that the proposed law reform would potentially lead to an escalation in homosexual activity and discourage individuals from seeking help or a way out of homosexuality. Mosen articulated a personal desire to become a missionary and eventually to marry, reinforcing his stance that he does not advocate for discrimination against homosexuals, but instead believes in the possibility of change for those who seek it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851106_2_144_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851106.2.144.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500036400
5906,06,11,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 6 November 1985)","The letters published in relation to the ongoing debate on homosexual law reform in New Zealand reveal a significant divide in public opinion. The exchanges highlight contrasting views regarding the implications of recognising homosexual rights. T. Wainwright’s letter reflects a sense of sympathy for the rights of homosexual individuals, provided these do not infringe upon the rights of others, such as parents who might object to having their children taught by someone with a visibly homosexual lifestyle. Conversely, Paul Maling’s response raises concerns about potential extreme claims for rights, suggesting that these could include the right for children to engage in sexual activities or be exploited in inappropriate ways. Maling points to Denmark as a cautionary example, claiming that the country has eliminated all forms of ""age of consent"" protection, implying that New Zealand could potentially head in a similar direction. In a response addressing the Selwyn electorate survey on homosexual law reform, market research student Martin Price critiques Gordon P. Dennis’s analysis. He points out key methodological flaws, including the treatment of unanswered questionnaires, the absurdity of certain survey questions, and the dangers of assuming causality between unrelated variables, all of which could skew public understanding of the issue. Further complicating the discourse, H. G. Oram asserts that biblical texts link homosexuality to historical punishments, specifically referencing the destruction of Sodom. Oram argues that the events described in the Bible serve as a warning against what he perceives as ""perverse and unnatural"" lifestyles. He draws parallels between the biblical accounts and contemporary societal behaviour, particularly in places like San Francisco, which he associates with active homosexual communities. Oram concludes with a warning that New Zealand is entering precarious territory with its discussions and potential legislative changes regarding homosexuality. Overall, the letters encapsulate a heated debate that incorporates personal beliefs about homosexual rights, societal norms, and historical interpretations of morality and law. The tension reflects broader themes of rights versus societal values and the implications of changing legal landscapes regarding sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851106_2_108_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851106.2.108.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500036400
6736,06,11,1985,"Mary Moore’s Life As Coast Farmers’ Wife (Press, 6 November 1985)","Mary Moore, who served as the postmistress at Cronadun, a small community near Reefton, for 11 years, has authored a book titled ""The Farmer Takes a Wife."" This book compiles two series of radio broadcasts from the National Programme which aired in 1983 and 1984, portraying the realities of her family's life on the West Coast of New Zealand, including their experiences during the Inangahua earthquake. The introduction to her book is written by Roy Hope, who is the senior script editor for drama at Radio New Zealand. Mrs Moore, now residing in Christchurch, reflects on her time at Cronadun, describing the property as a beautiful farm but noting that the house was quite unsuitable for her family of five children and a husband described as always being right. The book consists of 16 narrative tales that address various challenges and amusing incidents from this period. In addition, Mrs Moore has written twelve Mills and Boon novels, with a background in farming informing her writing. Although she admits to some difficulty with the romantic elements of her stories, she continues to create works set primarily on the West Coast, including locations tied to her husband's background. In another literary contribution, Sue Kedgley, who was involved in writing “Sexist Society” in 1972, has released her latest book, “The Sexual Wilderness.” This work follows a series of interviews she conducted with men and women to explore the impact of feminism on their lives. Kedgley, who serves as the executive director of the Independent Producers and Directors’ Guild, claims that the responses have been surprising, with a broad spectrum of opinions and experiences represented, including voices from various backgrounds. A notable observation made by Kedgley is that women seem to have outpaced men emotionally and spiritually within the last 14 years, evolving to engage more creatively with the challenges posed by the feminist movement. The book includes cartoons by Shona McLean, adding a unique visual element to the discussions. Lastly, David Yerex, a former journalist from Wellington, has documented the life of his late uncle, Lowell Yerex, in a book titled ""Yerex of TACA: A Kiwi Conquistador."" Over six months of research culminated in this publication, which narrates the story of Lowell Yerex, a New Zealand aviation pioneer who sought to establish himself in Central America. He attempted to build up Transportes Aereos Centro Americanos and faced various challenges, including political obstacles and accusations of espionage. David Yerex notes that his uncle, had he been American, might have become another Howard Hughes, as he struggled to establish an airline in an industry heavily controlled by the United States. David, who has previously authored a book on deer farming, currently resides in Carterton and is embarking on writing a book about goat farming. In the realm of historical exploration, French author Jacques Bresse has released a new book detailing early South Pacific exploration, titled ""Great Voyages of Exploration: The Golden Age of Discovery in the Pacific."" Published by David Bateman, Ltd., the book draws on the experiences of explorers between 1764 and 1863 and showcases the contributions of artists, naturalists, and other scientists who documented their findings in the largely unknown region. It features illustrated reports and is complemented by geographical and biographical appendices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851106_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851106.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500036400
5904,06,11,1985,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 6 November 1985)","On 6 November 1985, a variety of local stories highlighted different aspects of life in New Zealand. Lindsay Eder, a vegetable grower from Woodend, sought last season's corn cobs with husks to test which labels adhered best for his new marketing venture, ""Kool Corn."" He anticipated minimal response, but was pleasantly surprised when over 30 cobs were offered. The label tests were reportedly progressing well, although one individual mentioned he only had husks from his freezer, intended for a Chilean recipe. In another notable development, two New Zealanders were recently honoured with Japanese orders, bringing the total to eight since 1945. Thomas Larkin, a former Ambassador to Japan, received the First Class of the Order of the Rising Sun, while Walter Harris, now residing in London, was awarded the Third Class of the Order of the Sacred Treasure. Harris was instrumental in founding the Japan Society of New Zealand in 1959. Further in the local news, Ann Hercus, the local MP for Lyttelton, faced criticism as constituents received a blue note in their mailboxes urging them to express their discontent regarding her potential support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This note encouraged individuals to communicate their concerns to Hercus, but amusingly suggested they address their correspondence to ""Mr A. Hercus,"" sharing a phone line with her. A Christchurch man experienced a distressing burglary when a briefcase containing 15 years of family history research was stolen from his home along with other items. He appealed to the public for any information regarding the missing briefcase. Meanwhile, in a rather alarming incident in Sydney, bank employees were undergoing a training session on how to handle an armed robbery when an actual robber entered the bank. A teller, recognising the threat, surrendered approximately NZD 3,000 before the robber fled. Fortunately, the incident was captured on video, providing a potential lead for the police. The upcoming 1986 Race Relations Office calendar will feature murals created by New Zealand schoolchildren depicting Māori myths and legends. One notable artwork from Bluff School illustrates a legend for their local marae, while this year’s calendar continues to highlight Māori stories, albeit in pencil drawings, following a previous multi-cultural theme. Lastly, a retired policeman reminisced about his past experiences on a small farm during the Depression, sharing a wise piece of advice: any potential farm workers should inspect the farmer's sheds for signs of their livelihood before accepting a job, specifically noting the presence of ""thin dogs and a shiny shovel."" In a lighter note, a woman working at a suburban bakery discovered her cupcakes had gained a loyal customer. After baking fresh batches at 11 a.m., the enticing aroma would often lure a neighbour, who would buy dozens of cupcakes to impress her husband, passing them off as home-baked.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851106_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851106.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500036400
5905,06,11,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 6 November 1985)","On 5 November 1985, the New Zealand Parliament convened at 2 p.m., where ministers addressed five questions of the day alongside ten questions on notice. Following a division that the Government won 42-32, the House adopted urgency for the introduction of the Social Security Amendment Bill (No. 2) and the presentation of select committee reports. The Minister of Social Welfare, Mrs Hercus, introduced the bill, which was subsequently referred to the Social Services Select Committee. Debate then commenced on the Hospitals Amendment Bill but was paused for dinner at 5.30 p.m. After reconvening at 7.30 p.m., the debate on the Hospitals Amendment Bill resumed, and following another division, the Government once again won with a 38-32 vote. Later, Mr R. K. Maxwell, the chairman of the Primary Production Select Committee, moved for the reporting back of the Meat Amendment Bill. An amendment proposed by the Opposition to send the bill back to committee was rejected, with a vote of 40-33, and the bill duly passed. In a significant moment, Mr T. C. Mallard presented the Justice and Law Reform Committee's report on three petitions urging Parliament to vote against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, along with 31 petitions advocating for the bill's rejection. He indicated the committee had made no specific recommendation. An amendment from Mr N. P. H. Jones, requesting that these petitions receive “most favourable consideration” from the Government, was defeated with a vote of 39-34, and the select committee's report was then tabled. The session continued with Mr J. G. Dillon reporting back on the Nelson College Empowering Bill, and Mr T. J. Young reporting on the Christchurch District Drainage Amendment Bill. Furthermore, Mr R. J. Northey, the chairman of the Electoral Law Select Committee, brought forward the Popular Initiatives Bill, which was also debated. Having earlier taken urgency, the House remained in session until 11 p.m. The Popular Initiatives Bill was reported back with a recommendation against its further progression, following a 7-4-2 vote. The House finally adjourned at 11.05 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851106_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851106.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500036400
6944,06,11,1985,"Transvestite Robbers (Press, 6 November 1985)","In Mexico City, police have apprehended a gang of Mexican transvestites who dressed in provocative women's clothing to commit a series of robberies across banks, shops, and trucks. This criminal operation was allegedly led by Carlos Rodriguez Garcia, who used the name Carol, and Pablo Flores, known as Pamela. Over the course of several years, this five-member gang managed to steal approximately ?U5300,000 (equivalent to $515,376) through armed robberies within the capital. Authorities reported that Carol and Pamela would engage in flirtatious interactions with bank tellers and shopkeepers before revealing firearms or knives hidden in their handbags to execute the heists.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851106_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851106.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500036400
5911,07,11,1985,"Consent No Excuse For Sodomy, Says Judge (Press, 7 November 1985)","On 7 November 1985, a High Court Judge in Auckland, Mr Justice Vautier, expressed concerns regarding the societal implications of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, indicating that it had led people to perceive sodomy as more acceptable. He voiced his apprehension about the potential normalisation of sodomy, stating that it would be a regrettable day for the community if this were to happen. The comments came during the sentencing of Carl Robert Green, a 21-year-old spraypainter, who was given a three-year prison sentence for the rape and sodomy of a woman, as well as an additional sentence for burglary. The judge emphasized that consent is not a valid justification for sodomy, highlighting the seriousness of the crime and the need to reflect community disapproval through appropriate sentencing. During the court proceedings, defence counsel Mr Alexander Witten-Hannah argued for periodic detention for Green due to the extraordinary circumstances of the case. However, Mr Justice Vautier determined that he would not be fulfilling his responsibilities or representing the community's views if he did not impose a custodial sentence. He consequently decided on a one-year sentence for burglary, alongside three years for the charges of rape and sodomy. The court was informed that on the night of the incident, Green had been at the complainant's home for dinner with his de facto wife. Later that night, he returned at approximately 2 a.m., broke into the woman's bedroom, and committed the offences. Green claimed that the woman had consented to the sexual encounter. However, Crown prosecutor Ms Sharon Opai described the act of rape as an expression of pure self-indulgence, opposing the defence’s argument that the act was not violent. She underscored that a woman does not need to suffer visible physical injuries, such as bruises or broken bones, for her complaint to be legitimate, asserting that no woman should have her fundamental rights violated in such a manner. The case illustrates the tense discussions surrounding sexual consent and societal attitudes towards sexual offences in the context of the contemporary legal reforms of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851107_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851107.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500122800
5912,07,11,1985,"Homosexual Acts A Sin — Baptists (Press, 7 November 1985)","On 7 November 1985, the Baptist Assembly in Wellington convened to discuss issues surrounding homosexuality and biblical standards of sexuality within marriage. During their session, the assembly affirmed their belief that homosexual acts are a sin but expressed a compassionate stance by rejecting the notion of incarceration as a punishment for such activities. A delegate received applause for highlighting the importance of showing understanding and compassion towards homosexuals. The assembly voiced concerns regarding the proposed age of consent set at 16 years within the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, indicating a lack of support for the measure. Additionally, they opposed amendments to the Human Rights Commission Act aimed at preventing discrimination against homosexuals. The Baptist public questions committee was acknowledged for its efforts in preparing submissions to the Parliamentary select committee concerning the bill earlier in July. It was emphasised that while the committee had taken a position on the decriminalisation of homosexual acts, this perspective did not reflect the views of the entire Baptist denomination. Overall, the assembly's discussions highlighted a division between traditional beliefs and emerging societal views, particularly around the issue of homosexuality in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851107_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851107.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500122800
5910,07,11,1985,"Mr Jones Warns M.P.s Of ‘gay’ Repeal Bill (Press, 7 November 1985)","On 7 November 1985, members of the New Zealand Parliament were engaged in heated discussions regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which prompted significant public opposition. National Party MP N. P. H. Jones warned that should the bill pass, he would introduce a repeal measure. Jones proposed to computerise electoral rolls and organise community canvassing to build support for his repeal initiative. He stressed that the issue would remain prominent until the next election. The discussions were prompted by a report from the Justice and Law Reform Select Committee, which received numerous petitions against the reform. A particularly contentious petition opposing the bill had amassed 817,000 signatures, and since its submission, an additional 18,000 signatures had been collected, bringing the total to 835,000. However, acting committee chair T. C. Mallard stated that the committee would not recommend any actions regarding the petitions. There were concerns expressed over the authenticity of the signatures, with Mallard noting discrepancies in his own Hamilton West electorate, where claims of 17,000 signatures were found to have much lower valid counts. Minister of Social Welfare Mrs Hercus supported Mallard's findings, reporting a major overstatement of signatures from her Lyttelton electorate, as she could only verify 1,500 signatures compared to the claimed 5,139. The integrity of the petitions was further questioned by several MPs, leading to accusations of biased handling from committee members. W. R. Peters of the National Party accused Mallard of acting improperly in his management of the petitions, while G. E. Lee suggested that disregarding the petition was an attack on the sentiments of 817,000 people. Counterarguments were made by Labour MP Fran Wilde, who raised concerns regarding the credibility of the petition process and how signatures were allocated to electorates. This sentiment echoed across several MPs, all contributing to a narrative of confusion and controversy surrounding the bill and the petitions against it. Amidst the stark divisions in Parliament, Dr M. J. Cullen highlighted the importance of allowing members to vote according to their conscience on such moral issues, asserting that government stances could not be dictated by weighted petitions. Critics of the bill expressed frustration at what they saw as a rapid and dismissive approach to a serious societal issue, stating their concerns about the implications for Christian values and societal norms. Overall, the discussions represented a significant moment in New Zealand's history regarding the human rights of the LGBTQ+ community and set the stage for ongoing debates around homosexual law reform. The conflicting viewpoints showcased the deep societal divides that the bill brought to light, highlighting the complicated nature of legislative processes when it intersects with evolving social values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851107_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851107.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500122800
5909,07,11,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 7 November 1985)","On 6 November 1985, during a parliamentary session that began at 2.45 p.m., Ministers in Wellington addressed five questions of the day and 12 questions on notice. Following this, members engaged in a general debate for two hours, which was paused for dinner at 5.30 p.m. The debate resumed at 7.30 p.m. and concluded at 7.47 p.m. Subsequently, members considered the Nelson College Empowering Bill, which received a second reading, followed by the Christchurch District Drainage Amendment Bill that also passed its second reading. The session then moved back to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, but this discussion was interrupted when the House adjourned at 11 p.m. The debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is scheduled to continue the following Wednesday.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851107_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851107.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500122800
5914,08,11,1985,"Choice Of Books (Press, 8 November 1985)","A letter to the editor discusses the controversy surrounding the book ""Jenny lives with Eric and Martin,"" highlighting the inconsistency in views about young people's ability to make decisions regarding sexual orientation. The author, K. J. Cording from Rangiora, points out that while early teens were excluded from signing a petition against homosexual law reform because they were deemed too young to make informed decisions, they are simultaneously allowed to decide their sexual orientation at around the age of 13. Cording expresses frustration with what he perceives as a double standard in societal attitudes, where those considered broadminded or liberal promote alternative sexual practices instead of supporting traditional heterosexual relationships. He draws a parallel between this issue and dissent within religious communities, noting that disputes often arise when liberal ministers propose unconventional interpretations of scripture rather than questioning more traditional practices. The letter concludes with Cording expressing his disbelief at these contradictions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851108_2_100_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851108.2.100.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500209200
5915,08,11,1985,"M.P.’s Argue Bill On Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 8 November 1985)","On 6 November 1985, a New Zealand cabinet minister and former Methodist minister, Mr Marshall, addressed the Parliament during the ongoing debate over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. He asserted that supporting the bill did not contradict Christian teachings, expressing frustration over individuals who misinterpret scripture to oppose the legislation. Mr Marshall highlighted that the debate often focused excessively on sexual activity instead of the importance of accepting individuals for who they are. He encouraged Parliament members to reconsider their stance, stressing that voting in favour of the bill was not against the Christian gospel or church beliefs. As public interest grew, over 160 people filled the galleries to witness the debate, while a small group of Catholics prayed outside Parliament, seeking divine guidance to influence Parliamentarians against the bill. Within the context of his education portfolio, Mr Marshall addressed suggestions that homosexual teachers could sway students' attitudes through a new health education syllabus. He clarified that the syllabus did not promote discussions on sexual preferences. However, several members, including Mr Roger Maxwell, Mr Denis Marshall, and Mr Neil Austin, voiced their opposition to the bill. Mr Maxwell discussed the enlightenment the debate offered him but did not feel compelled to support the bill. Mr Marshall argued that while the bill poorly legalised homosexual relations among consenting males aged 16 and older, he recognised the need to decriminalise such relations for adults over 20, given society's general disapproval of homosexuality. Mr Austin, aligning with this sentiment, insisted that his moral standards would not be compromised by external pressures regarding the bill. Mr Paul East also acknowledged the potential for decriminalising homosexuality but harboured reservations about the bill’s age of consent and provisions preventing discrimination against homosexuals, stating society was not ready for such changes. The debate unfolded with humour as Mr Norman Jones announced he would propose an amendment delaying the bill’s second reading for 12 months. His announcement was met with laughter and banter from the galleries, showcasing the contentious yet engaging atmosphere of the discussion. In closing his remarks, Mr Jones emphatically stated that the bill would not pass in its current form, offering a wager regarding its eventual fate, which only heightened the rhetoric surrounding the legislation. Amidst a mix of earnest convictions and light-hearted exchanges, the debate around the Homosexual Law Reform Bill continued to reflect a society grappling with significant moral and legal transformations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851108_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851108.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500209200
5913,08,11,1985,"N.y.’s Mayor Takes Aim At ‘gay’ Baths (Press, 8 November 1985)","On 8 November 1985, New York City Mayor Edward Koch announced his intention to shut down homosexual bars and bathhouses that allow open sexual activity, citing a public health concern amidst the AIDS crisis. This proclamation followed his re-election with a significant majority the previous day. Koch aimed to prioritise the battle against AIDS, stating that these venues ""sell death"" and were harmful to public health. The first establishment targeted for closure was the Mineshaft, a well-known sado-masochist bar famed for its open sexual practices among patrons. The closure initiative aligns with new state regulations introduced by Governor Mario Cuomo the previous month, which aimed to combat unsafe sexual practices that are contributing to the spread of AIDS. Undercover inspections had reportedly taken place at the Mineshaft and other similar locations, but no closures were made at that time to prevent potential civil unrest from the large LGBTQ+ community within the city, which includes a considerable number of drug users who are particularly at risk. New York City has the highest number of AIDS cases in the United States, with Mayor Koch estimating around 5,000 individuals suffering from the disease and approximately 400,000 carrying the HIV virus, 20 per cent of whom may eventually develop AIDS. The Mineshaft, noted for its distinctive atmosphere where patrons often wear leather and blue jeans and sometimes engage in BDSM activities, is situated in a wholesale meat market in lower Manhattan and charges a weekend admission fee of $10. Koch, who previously sought support from the gay community during his campaign, expressed a resolute stance against the existence of bathhouses, justifying his actions as necessary to protect public health and alleviate the AIDS epidemic. The situation marked a significant intersection of public health policy, social attitudes towards homosexuality, and the ongoing AIDS crisis in New York City during the mid-1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851108_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851108.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500209200
5917,09,11,1985,"Bard’s 1598 Comedy In Line For 1985 Honour (Press, 9 November 1985)","On 9 November 1985, it was reported that William Shakespeare was nominated for the Comedy of the Year at the Olivier Awards for his play ""Love’s Labours Lost,"" which was written in 1598. This nomination is noteworthy as it marks the celebration of Shakespeare’s work 387 years later, leading the field with a total of four nominations. However, significant Shakespearean works such as ""Richard III,"" ""Henry V,"" and ""Hamlet"" were not eligible for the prestigious Play of the Year category, which is part of London's annual theatre awards akin to New York’s Tony Awards. The Society of West End Theatres, responsible for the awards, announced a total of 62 nominees across 16 categories, acknowledging excellence in theatre, opera, and dance in London from 1 November 1984 to 31 October 1985. The award winners, named after actor Lord Olivier, will be revealed on 8 December at the Dominion Theatre in London. For the Comedy of the Year category, Shakespeare is up against three contemporary British playwrights: Alan Ayckbourn for ""A Chorus of Disapproval,"" David Hare and Howard Brenton for ""Pravda,"" and John Godber for ""Bouncers,"" the latter of whom won the award the previous year for ""Up ’n’ Under."" ""Love’s Labours Lost,"" produced by the Royal Shakespeare Company, also garnered nominations for best actor (Roger Rees as Berowne), best designer (Bob Crowley), and best director (Barry Kyle). In the Play of the Year category, ""Torch Song Trilogy,"" by Harvey Fierstein, received a nomination. It features Antony Sher, who plays the lead role of Arnold, a homosexual drag queen. Other plays nominated in this top category include ""The Road to Mecca"" by Athol Fugard, ""Red Noses"" by Peter Barnes, and ""Doomsday"" by Tony Harrison. The competition in the Musical of the Year category was sparse, featuring only two nominees: ""Les Miserables,"" an adaptation of Victor Hugo's novel by the Royal Shakespeare Company, and ""Me and My Girl,"" a revival of a 1937 British musical exploring class issues. Patti Lupone, known for her Tony-winning role in ""Evita,"" earned a nomination for her portrayal of Fantine in ""Les Miserables"" as well as for her performance in a limited revival of Marc Blitzstein’s opera, ""The Cradle Will Rock."" Notably, Lupone made history by becoming the first American actor to play a leading role in a Royal Shakespeare Company production.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851109_2_69_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851109.2.69.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500295600
5916,09,11,1985,"Bath-house Closure ‘a Bad Joke’ (Press, 9 November 1985)","On 9 November 1985, a significant initiative aimed at curbing the spread of A.I.D.S. in New York City commenced with the closure of the well-known gay bar, the Mineshaft. This action came after city lawyers secured a court order to shut down the establishment, located in the city’s meatpacking district, notorious for its connections to the gay community. The closure was part of Mayor Edward Koch's broader campaign, announced shortly after his election to a third term, to combat the rising A.I.D.S. crisis that had claimed more than 7000 lives in New York City. The law enforcement measures targeted bars and bathhouses where sexual activity was prevalent, as they were believed to significantly contribute to the transmission of the disease, particularly among the homosexual population. However, reactions from the gay community highlighted a sense of skepticism towards the effectiveness of such closures. John Svensson, a gay caterer, described the action as an ""empty gesture,"" predicting that new private sex clubs would quickly replace the closed establishments, rendering the city’s efforts ineffective. This move to close such venues was prompted by increasing alarm from state officials over the alarming death rates from A.I.D.S. in the city. New regulations had been established, allowing local authorities more power to shut down places associated with what was classified as ""high-risk sex."" The debate surrounding the closure of these locations had been contentious, with supporters arguing that they were essential measures to protect public health, while opponents decried them as an infringement on personal privacy and freedoms. The closure of the Mineshaft was emblematic of a larger struggle within the city to respond to the A.I.D.S. epidemic while balancing civil liberties and public health protection. Though the immediate action had been taken, many within the gay community expressed doubt that such measures would make a genuine difference in halting the spread of the virus, suggesting persistent underground venues would persist despite legal efforts to shut them down.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851109_2_69_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851109.2.69.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500295600
5919,09,11,1985,"Exhibition By Wendy Cox (Press, 9 November 1985)","Wendy Cox's exhibition at the University Gallery, part of her bachelor of fine arts submission, showcases a diverse array of works including five large sculptures, five small maquettes, various constructions, drawings, and notebooks. The exhibition runs until 14 November 1985 and has garnered a review from John Hurrell. The sculptures, predominantly crafted from welded metal and finished in a spray of black, depict unsettling spider forms and equine figures. The eerie presence of the spiders, particularly with their sharp tips at eye level, creates a threatening atmosphere for unsuspecting visitors. However, the exhibition's organisation is noted as somewhat haphazard, with an overabundance of maquettes and stacks of drawings cluttering the space, potentially reflecting the challenges of exhibiting within an art school rather than in a more conventional public arena. Nonetheless, Hurrell asserts that this exhibition stands out as one of the most extraordinary showcases of a student's work publicly presented by the art school in recent years. The significance of the display arises from Cox's ability to weave complex ideas into her art. Her representations of women as spider figures or horse figures evoke numerous interpretations linked to nature and literature. The spider imagery presents a critique of male anxieties surrounding powerful women, suggesting associations with predation and dominance, particularly in reference to the female spider's practice of consuming males post-mating. In juxtaposition, Cox's horse-women embody two distinct forms: one is ensnared in corsetry made of metal and black lace, while the other amalgamates elements of the Trojan horse and Marcel Duchamp’s “Bride” works. These horse figures are perceived as symbols of empowerment intertwined with treachery, reminiscent of mythical Amazons and Centaurs, along with Jonathan Swift’s intelligent Houyhnhnms. The exhibition is rich with context, as photographs and notebooks depict the creation process of these artworks, highlighting Cox's intent to blend feminist discourse with traditionally masculine sculptural materials. The overall impact of her works, their compelling forms, and the deep, feminist political implications imbue the exhibition with a degree of significance not typically associated with the university's output. In summary, the review emphasises that the richness and thoughtfulness of Cox's exhibition render it an essential viewing experience, urging audiences to prioritise it amid the art offerings of the year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851109_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851109.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500295600
5918,09,11,1985,"Review Of Contraceptive Legislation Advocated (Press, 9 November 1985)","On 9 November 1985, the Methodist Church conference in New Plymouth expressed the need to review existing legislation that prohibits giving contraceptive advice to individuals under the age of 16. Mr Fletcher Thomas, co-convener of the joint Methodist-Presbyterian public questions committee, highlighted concerns that a significant portion of abortions involved individuals under 16, attributing many unwanted pregnancies to insufficient contraceptive education. The conference reiterated support for existing laws governing therapeutic abortions in specific circumstances, including threats to the mother's life, serious health risks, substantial risk of fetal abnormality, pregnancies resulting from incest, cases where the mother is severely sub-normal, and instances of rape. Mr Thomas clarified the conference's stance on the sanctity of life, stating that while it acknowledges the protection of potential human beings, it does not believe the fetus possesses an absolute right to life when it conflicts with the rights of others. The discussion also included a call for the Government to reconsider the ban on contraceptive instruction for those under 16 and a greater emphasis on educating the public regarding the links between promiscuity, venereal disease, and infertility. The conference additionally advocated for increased promotion of adoption as an alternative for women contemplating abortion, recognising the need for substantial care and support for such women. Furthermore, the conference reaffirmed its long-standing position that private, consensual homosexual acts should not be criminal offences, a view held since prior to 1977. It was encouraged by the announcement of additional resources for psychiatric care within penal institutions. The conference received a significant report on surrogate motherhood, expressing opposition to commercial surrogacy, where a woman is compensated for bearing a child for childless couples. Lastly, the conference indicated intentions to explore how churches could engage with community care elements of the Criminal Justice Act, 1985, and expressed support for the Government's initiative to introduce new health education legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851109_2_77_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851109.2.77.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500295600
5922,12,11,1985,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 12 November 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 12 November 1985, Varian J. Wilson commented on the statistics surrounding AIDS cases in America, highlighting the prevalence of the disease among homosexuals compared to heterosexuals. As of August 1985, there were a total of 12,256 confirmed cases of AIDS in the United States, with 8,861 among homosexuals and 2,082 linked to intravenous drug use, although the sexual preferences of these drug users were not specified. In stark contrast, Wilson pointed out that only 120 cases were reported among heterosexual individuals. He attributed this low figure to what he described as a rising trend of marital anal intercourse portrayed in American literature, suggesting that it might lead to an increase in heterosexual cases in the future. Wilson also examined the AIDS statistics from Haiti, which were initially thought to support the notion that heterosexual transmission was significant. However, he argued that these figures have now aligned more closely with the American trend, suggesting that promiscuous behaviour among homosexuals is the primary concern. Regarding African statistics, he noted that comprehensive data is often lacking, citing a study on Rwanda where the only reported AIDS death was that of a Caucasian homosexual. Wilson expressed scepticism about the forthcoming advertising campaign titled ""AIDS: The Facts,"" suggesting that the factual evidence contradicts the narrative promoted by some advocates in the gay community. He concluded that the true statistics regarding AIDS transmission could potentially undermine the campaign's objectives, indicating a disconnect between actual data and the message being conveyed by its promoters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851112_2_103_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851112.2.103.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500554800
5920,12,11,1985,"A.I.D.S.—the Avoidable Plague (Press, 12 November 1985)","On 12 November 1985, a significant article in The Economist discussed the complex and charged atmosphere surrounding the AIDS epidemic in the United States. It highlighted a controversial remark made by Houston's mayor, Louie Welch, who, during a discussion on proposals to control AIDS, stated he would “first shoot the queers.” This comment, thought to be made into a dead microphone, raised questions about public perception and political ramifications as many Americans were still largely misinformed and fearful about the disease. AIDS, it noted, suppresses immunity and may also inflict slow damage to the brain. This revelation could necessitate a revision of existing estimates regarding the number of carriers likely to develop the disease. The article outlined that out of approximately 14,300 recorded cases—mostly affecting homosexuals and intravenous drug users—infection routes were limited to blood mixing and sexual contact involving blood. Despite this, the public was intensely anxious about any possibility of casual transmission. In a climate of fear, various reactions from the public emerged—parents withdrawing children from schools, people halting blood donations, and modifications in church ceremonies to avoid shared chalices. Some public authorities began to discuss quarantine measures, although these raised ethical and practical concerns since numerous carriers showed no symptoms. The Texas health department proposed restrictions on AIDS patients who continued to engage in multiple sex partners, and Colorado became the first state to require the reporting of individuals whose blood tested positive for the virus. Insurance companies began implementing requirements for AIDS testing for new applicants, particularly in urban areas. The military responded by mandating blood tests for its personnel, complicating the issue of homosexuality within the service. Early statements indicated that positive test results wouldn’t automatically lead to discharge for admitted homosexuals; however, this was later reversed, sparking concerns about the potential for private information to become public during discharge proceedings. The article also covered the contentious issue of bathhouses, locations known for facilitating anonymous sexual encounters. Governor Mario Cuomo of New York threatened to close these establishments unless they complied with new regulations, recognizing their role in the spread of AIDS. The experience of San Francisco, where bathhouses were temporarily closed to combat the disease, was discussed, revealing the challenges in effectively tackling the issue. Ultimately, the article asserted that education was crucial for both the general population and at-risk groups, pointing out that while there is no cure for AIDS, awareness and behaviour changes could significantly reduce transmission rates. The response to the crisis exemplified a broader social struggle with stigma, misunderstanding, and the urgent need for effective public health strategies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851112_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851112.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500554800
5921,12,11,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 12 November 1985)","In a letter published on 12 November 1985, Paul Maling critiques A. Delhanty's biblical interpretations regarding homosexuality and the story of Sodom. Maling points out that the term ""sodomy,"" which was introduced by Philo of Alexandria, is not found in the Book of Genesis, nor is there any mention of homosexuality in that context. He argues that the references in II Peter 2:5-6 do not pertain to homosexuality but rather highlight the wickedness of the people during Noah's time in a different aspect. Maling emphasises that the sins of Sodom, as described in Ezekiel 16:49, were related to pride, excessive consumption, and idleness, rather than sexual immorality. He asserts that Sodom's fate was predetermined even before the angels arrived, suggesting a misinterpretation of the biblical narrative. He also clarifies a misquote attributed to him, stating that he did not claim that the Hebrews began practising homosexuality after their Babylonian captivity; instead, he mentioned that it was a prohibited behaviour they adhered to during that time. Prior to this prohibition, Maling argues, the Hebrew culture, like many others around the world, accepted and revered homosexual relationships, contrasting this historical acceptance with the contemporary labelling of homosexual males as ""different."" Maling’s letter argues for a reevaluation of historical views on homosexuality based on biblical texts and cultural practices, highlighting the anachronistic nature of Delhanty's interpretations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851112_2_103_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851112.2.103.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500554800
5923,12,11,1985,"Military And Civil Justice In Dispute (Press, 12 November 1985)","The acquittal of seven servicemen accused of leaking intelligence to the Russians has raised serious questions regarding the methods used by Britain's military police and the preparation for their prosecution. The trial, held at the Old Bailey and lasting five months, was mostly conducted in secret. Following the acquittals, it became evident that the prosecution relied heavily on confessions obtained through questionable interrogation techniques, which would not have been acceptable in civilian cases. In response to the public outcry, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher appointed senior barrister David Calcutt Q.C. to conduct an independent review and make recommendations concerning the case. The seven men, all part of a Royal Air Force signals unit stationed in Cyprus, were responsible for intercepting various forms of communication, including messages from ships, aircraft, and telephone calls, which were crucial for intelligence assessments of the Middle East. Despite this, British authorities suspected that their findings might have ended up with the Russians, leading to their arrests and subsequent interrogations. The accused, predominantly radio operators, were subjected to prolonged and harsh interrogations that led to them signing confessions, many of which they later claimed were coerced. One serviceman, Senior Aircraftsman Christopher Payne, expressed that the conditions of interrogation would have caused him to sign anything, highlighting the pressure they endured. The prosecution's case alleged that the men had been blackmailed due to drug use and homosexual activities; however, the jury found the evidence unconvincing, suggesting that the confessions were not reliable. The court noted that even the prosecution admitted their confessions were ""shot through with prevarication and some outright lies."" The accused were young and unsophisticated, lacking any evident ideological alignment with the Soviet Union, raising further doubts about the prosecution's case. The Director of Public Prosecutions, Sir Thomas Hetherington, was responsible for deciding whether to pursue the case, which had previously seen a similar defendant acquitted. The decision to proceed with the trial can be seen as politically motivated, as there is persistent pressure to demonstrate the UK’s commitment to national security in the context of Cold War tensions. Mr Calcutt's investigation is expected to address whether this political pressure influenced the prosecution and to scrutinise the military police's interrogation practices. There are also concerns about the prospects of compensation for the acquitted men, whose military careers have likely been ruined. Despite indications from Armed Services Minister John Stanley that compensation was unlikely, there is a growing sentiment that at least some recompensation is warranted for the ordeal they suffered during their detention and trial. This case highlights the disparities between military and civilian justice systems in the UK, prompting broader discussions about accountability and fairness within them.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851112_2_106_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851112.2.106.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500554800
7743,12,11,1985,"Visit By Expert Planned To Ease A.i.d.s. Fears (Press, 12 November 1985)","On 12 November 1985, concerns arose in the Kincumber community of New South Wales regarding the arrival of a young girl named Eve van Grafhorst, who was living with A.I.D.S. Premier Neville Wran addressed these concerns by announcing that Dr Thomas Goh from the Institute of Public Health would visit the area to alleviate fears among residents. The Premier acknowledged the community's apprehension and stressed the importance of understanding the disease based on factual information rather than fear. Eve, only three years old, had contracted A.I.D.S. through a necessary blood transfusion, which highlighted the potential dangers associated with misunderstanding the disease. Her situation gained public attention when she was previously barred from attending pre-school due to her condition, causing further anxiety among local residents. In light of this, some Kincumber residents expressed their concerns about safety and even sought legal advice regarding the family's move into the community. Mr Wran sympathised with Eve's plight, noting that she had already faced significant challenges and deserved support from her new community. He confidently asserted that fears surrounding the disease were largely unfounded, suggesting that seeking legal recourse would not be advisable. In reiterating the misinformation that often circulates about A.I.D.S., a spokesman for the Health Minister pointed out the necessity for educational efforts to correct misconceptions regarding how the disease is transmitted. The planned visit by Dr Goh aimed to provide the residents with accurate information about A.I.D.S. and help alleviate their anxieties over Eve's presence in the neighbourhood. The situation highlighted the tension between public health issues and community fears at the time, indicating a broader societal challenge in accepting those affected by such diseases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851112_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851112.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500554800
5925,14,11,1985,"‘Gay’ Bill Passes Second Reading (Press, 14 November 1985)","On 13 November 1985, the Homosexual Law Reform Bill achieved a significant milestone as it passed its crucial second reading in the New Zealand House of Representatives, garnering a vote of 47 to 32. This private member's bill, introduced in March, has sparked intense debate and division both within Parliament and in the wider public sphere over the past eight months. It has also generated substantial public interest, reflected in a large number of submissions to a select committee and what is said to be the largest petition ever presented to Parliament. The primary aim of the bill is to decriminalise consenting sexual activities between males aged 16 and above. In addition to this, it seeks to protect children under 16 and to amend the Human Rights Commission Act to prevent discrimination based on sexual orientation. Despite its recent success, the bill faces further scrutiny as it needs to progress through additional stages, including potential amendments that may raise the age limit and attempts to modify or eliminate its provisions concerning the Human Rights Commission. During the ongoing debate, which witnessed a significant turnout in the public galleries, supporters of the bill aimed to expedite the voting process. In a prior session, a prominent opponent, Mr Norman Jones from the National Party in Invercargill, had suggested an amendment to postpone the bill's second reading for an entire year. On the evening of the vote, as discussions resumed, both supporters and adversaries gathered to assess their standing and voting counts. Mr Jones expressed strong reservations about the bill, claiming it would make New Zealand a ""mecca for homosexuals."" However, in a decisive moment during the debate, the Speaker, Dr Wall, called for a vote to conclude the discussion. The outcome showed considerable support for closing the debate, with a decisive 56-20 vote in favour. Following this, Mr Jones' amendment to defer the vote on the second reading was soundly defeated, with a count of 26 in favour and 53 against. Finally, the members proceeded to vote on the second reading itself, culminating in a successful passage of the bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851114_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851114.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500727600
5924,14,11,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 14 November 1985)","On 13 November 1985, the New Zealand Parliament convened at 2 p.m. for its regular session. During this meeting, Ministers responded to five questions of the day, along with ten questions that had been submitted on notice. Following the question period, members engaged in a two-hour general debate. The House then entered a committee stage to discuss the Nelson College Empowering Bill, which was reported back without any amendments. After completing the committee stage, the bill proceeded to its third reading and was passed. Next, the committal stages for the Hamilton City Council (Rates Relief Validation) Bill were scheduled but were postponed for three weeks. The House subsequently entered another committee stage to consider the Christchurch District Drainage Amendment Bill. The debate on this bill was briefly interrupted for dinner at 5.30 p.m. but resumed at 7.30 p.m., and the bill successfully passed through its committal stages. Following this, members returned to an earlier interrupted debate regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The second reading of this bill concluded with a vote of 47 in favour and 32 against before the House adjourned for the day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851114_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851114.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500727600
5926,16,11,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 16 November 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 16 November 1985, R. Willis expresses concerns regarding societal attitudes towards gender roles in sexual practices and the implications of these roles for both men and women. The writer critiques the notion that society holds a double standard when it comes to passive sexual objectification. Specifically, Willis draws attention to how female adolescents, such as 16-year-old girls, are often viewed as promiscuous and susceptible to sexually transmitted diseases, yet questions whether a 17-year-old male in a passive role is perceived any differently when it comes to accountability for sexual practices, including sodomy and potential pregnancies. Willis further examines societal fears regarding female sexuality and contrasts them with the acceptance of stable homosexual male relationships, which typically do not result in unplanned pregnancies. The letter suggests that society seems more alarmed by the idea of girls under the age of consent engaging in sexual activity than by the actions of men in stable same-sex relationships. The author posits that the normalisation of viewing women as passive sex objects has detrimental effects, leading to a troubling contemplation that the response to the AIDS epidemic, particularly concerning young women, could result in legalising prostitution with the goal of ensuring health protection for men. Overall, Willis's letter challenges readers to reconsider prevailing gender biases and the implications these have for both men's and women's sexual health and responsibility in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851116_2_61_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851116.2.61.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,500900400
5927,18,11,1985,"U.S. Scientists Disagree Over Prostitution-... (Press, 18 November 1985)","In November 1985, a significant scientific debate unfolded in the United States regarding the potential role of female prostitutes in the spread of A.I.D.S. within the heterosexual community. The discussion arose in light of a relatively low incidence of A.I.D.S. cases reported among heterosexual individuals to date. Many health officials and researchers, including those from New York City, argued that the fear of female prostitutes being a major conduit for the virus was unfounded. They noted the lack of evidence that A.I.D.S. is transmitted from female prostitutes to their clients, with only 16 cases attributed to sexual relations with women out of over 14,000 total A.I.D.S. cases reported in the country. Contrarily, some scientists cautioned that interaction with female prostitutes could already be contributing to some men contracting A.I.D.S., potentially leading to later infections of their wives or sexual partners. Nonetheless, no expert anticipated the spread of A.I.D.S. in heterosexuals to mirror the epidemic faced by male homosexuals and intravenous drug users in prior years. The scientific discourse centred on the efficiency of the A.I.D.S. virus spreading sexually from women to men. Dr. Stephen Schultz, the Deputy Health Commissioner for Epidemiological Services in New York City, expressed that while prostitutes pose a theoretical risk, evidence of practical transmission remains minimal. City officials were yet to correlate any A.I.D.S. cases directly to sexual relations with female prostitutes. On the contrary, other researchers highlighted cases in Africa where sexual transmission from women to men was more evident, leading to concerns that the virus could take root in the American heterosexual community before a widespread outbreak occurred. There were calls from some specialists, such as Dr. Michael Marmor, for better surveillance and testing of female prostitutes to assess the prevalence of A.I.D.S. among them, which could inform public health strategies. There was consensus on the necessity for men engaging with female prostitutes to use condoms both for their protection and that of the women, although experts emphasised that condoms may not offer complete protection against A.I.D.S. In studies conducted, some female prostitutes in cities like Miami and Seattle tested positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies, particularly among those with histories of intravenous drug use. Experts revealed the complexity of the situation, as drug addiction among female prostitutes was high, especially among streetwalkers. Despite streetwalkers being involved with drug use, the expected transmission rates to clients had not matched predictions. They pointed out that many female prostitutes had long been advocating for condom use, mitigating some potential risks. The focus of A.I.D.S. transmission discussions, according to some professionals, should remain on those most vulnerable, such as male homosexual prostitutes who had a more significant role in spreading the virus. There appeared to be a broader need for comprehensive public education about safe practices and the implications of unprotected sex with multiple partners. Overall, while there were concerns about female prostitutes and A.I.D.S., the consensus among experts indicated that male homosexuals were likely at a much greater risk for spreading the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851118_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851118.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,501073200
5929,26,11,1985,"Attempt To Censure Baptist Committee (Press, 26 November 1985)","An attempt to limit the authority of the Baptist Union's public questions committee has been unsuccessful following a debate at the Baptist Assembly held in Lower Hutt. The notice of motion aimed to restrict the committee's ability to make public statements under its own name, particularly after its support for the decriminalisation of homosexuality as presented to the Parliamentary Select Committee on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This stance provoked concern among some members of the Baptist community. During the hour-long debate, it was highlighted that the committee had been elected by the assembly, implying that the assembly held ultimate accountability for the committee's actions. Additionally, motions from the Wainuiomata Church, which sought to express serious concern regarding the committee's submission, and a supporting motion from Epsom Church for the submissions, were anticipated for debate in due course. In a notable development, Pastor Lionel Stewart has been appointed as the assembly's first Maori leader, indicating a move towards better engagement with Maori communities. This leadership appointment reflects a broader intent within the assembly to address diverse cultural needs and perspectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851126_2_152.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851126.2.152,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,501764400
5928,26,11,1985,"Mosem Claims Denied (Press, 26 November 1985)","A spokesman for the National Gay Rights Coalition, Phil Parkinson, has refuted claims made by Noel Mosen, a self-proclaimed former gay activist, who stated in the Christian newspaper ""Challenge Weekly"" that he was a former leader of the National Gay Rights Coalition. Parkinson clarified that Mosen had never held any office in the organisation and noted that he left New Zealand a year after the Coalition's establishment. Furthermore, Parkinson pointed out Mosen's minimal involvement with the homosexual Metropolitan Community Church in Auckland, which Mosen alleged to have helped create. In the same context, another self-identified 'ex-gay', Gavin Johnstone from Christchurch, had claimed in an ""Insight"" radio documentary aired on October 13 that he had been active in the gay movement in Dunedin. However, Parkinson, who also serves as the movement's archivist, stated that there were no recollections of Johnstone among their Dunedin contacts, nor could his name be found in the archives of the earliest gay groups in Otago. While Johnstone asserted he had lobbied Parliament for a law reform bill in either 1964 or 1968, Parkinson highlighted that the first actual reform bill only appeared in 1974, and at the time of the supposed lobbying, Johnstone would have only been 17 years old.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851126_2_149.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851126.2.149,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,501764400
5930,27,11,1985,"Dan White’s Death Reopens Tragic Story (Press, 27 November 1985)","Dan White, who shot and killed San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and gay city councillor Harvey Milk in 1978, has taken his own life, reigniting the deep-seated tensions and animosities that surfaced following the murders. White, who held resentment towards both men—stemming from his frustration over not being reinstated as a councillor and his animosity towards Milk’s sexual orientation—was convicted of manslaughter in a controversial trial that argued he had ""diminished capacity"" due to a mental breakdown. This verdict prompted a violent backlash from the LGBTQ+ community, resulting in riots that left 160 injured and significant property damage. After serving about five years in prison and a year on parole, White returned to a community that largely viewed him as unrepentant for his crimes. He lived a reclusive life, shunning public attention and attempting to write a book while staying away from people who might retaliate against him. Ultimately, overwhelmed by his circumstances and reportedly expressing a desire to start anew in Ireland, White died by suicide at the age of 39, using carbon monoxide in his car. His death was described as the ""final chapter,"" but instead, it reopened the wounds from the past, with extensive media coverage sparking a renewed discussion about the killings and the societal rifts they exposed. Many in San Francisco have since reflected on White's actions, viewing him with contempt for his crimes, while others expressed sympathy for his struggles and isolation. This resurgence of debate illustrated that the underlying prejudices and pain caused by the murders seven years prior had not faded. A city known for its supposed tolerance continues to grapple with the legacy of hatred and violence that White’s actions unleashed. The lack of remorse expressed by White added to the collective grief felt by those who lost friends and loved ones in the tragic events connected to him, further complicating the community's healing process. As one councillor poignantly noted, the saddest aspect of all was that Dan White never said he was sorry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851127_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851127.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,501850800
5931,28,11,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 28 November 1985)","In a letter to the editor published on 28 November 1985, Mrs Mies Oomen from Eketahuna expressed her concerns regarding the treatment of a petition against homosexual law reform, which was signed by over 800,000 citizens. Citing Professor G. W. R. Palmer's book ""Unbridled Power,"" published in 1979, she highlighted that Palmer, who is now the Minister of Justice, advocated for public referendums on significant issues when a sufficient number of qualified electors petitioned Parliament. Oomen questioned why the petition against homosexual law reform was not referred to Parliament by the chairman of the select committee, suggesting this was an injustice to those who signed it. She referenced a survey conducted by the Auckland ""Star,"" which reportedly found that there were no significant abuses in the collection of signatures for the petition. Oomen argued that in a truly democratic society, those who petitioned against the legalisation of sodomy should be given a platform to present their case. Her letter underscores the controversy surrounding the issue of homosexual law reform and the perceived neglect of the public's voice in the political process at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851128_2_87_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851128.2.87.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,501937200
5932,28,11,1985,"Voting Figures On Reform Bill (Press, 28 November 1985)","On 28 November 1985, the Press published the names of MPs who voted in favour, against or abstained from voting on the second reading of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The bill, which aims to reform laws relating to homosexual conduct, received support from a significant number of Labour Party members as well as some from the National Party. Notably, prominent supporters included Mr J. P. Anderton from Sydenham, Mrs M. Austin from Yaldhurst, and Dr M. Cullen from St Kilda, all representing Labour. Other Labour MPs such as Ms H. E. Clark and Mr P. B. Goff also indicated their support for the bill's second reading. In contrast, a number of National Party members voted against the bill, including Mr D. Angus from Wallace, Mr W. R. Austin from Bay of Islands, and Mr J. A. Banks from Whangarei. These votes against the bill underscore a division within Parliament regarding the issue of homosexual law reform, a subject that had been controversial and contentious in New Zealand society. Additionally, various members were absent from the voting session and did not participate. This included notable figures from both the Labour and National parties. The Speaker of the House, Dr G. A. Wall, also abstained from voting. The gathering and vote represented a significant moment in New Zealand's legislative history as the Parliament began to address and potentially rectify laws and discrimination surrounding homosexuality, reflecting broader societal changes occurring at the time. The outcome of the voting and the discussions that followed would contribute to an ongoing national conversation about LGBTQ+ rights and societal acceptance in New Zealand. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill was a critical step in challenging the legal inequalities faced by homosexuals in New Zealand, setting the stage for enhanced rights and social equality in future years.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851128_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851128.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,501937200
6737,02,12,1985,"Festival Aims To Foster ‘sensible Survival’ (Press, 2 December 1985)","A major national festival, titled ""Towards 2000: Personal Renewal and Wider Care,"" is set to take place in Christchurch from 6 to 9 February 1986. Organised by Robert Hunt, the event aims to foster greater personal awareness, expression, and care among participants. Attracting attendees from across New Zealand, the festival will host numerous workshops covering a range of topics, including peace initiatives, environmental preservation, anti-racism efforts, holistic health practices, and various aspects of wellness such as yoga and acupuncture. Unique spaces will be allocated for women and children, featuring specific activities for both groups. Participants will camp on-site in a picturesque farm setting, with costs of $55 for waged and $45 for unwaged individuals, which includes vegetarian meals. Additionally, the Christchurch office of ""Broadsheet,"" a pivotal magazine in the New Zealand women's movement, is set to open its doors officially. Established initially as a newsletter in 1972 and transitioning into a magazine format, ""Broadsheet"" provides a platform for discussions on women's issues, including employment, health, and relationships. The new office aims to enhance South Island representation, operating as an information hub staffed by volunteers. Its launch event will include poetry, music, and refreshments, inviting public participation. The article also outlines challenges faced by men in adapting to feminist movements. Sue Kedgley, a notable figure from the early feminist movement, has released a new book titled ""The Sexual Wilderness,"" exploring the impacts of feminism on men's relationships through in-depth interviews. The findings highlighted a struggle among many men to express their feelings and make personal changes, referred to as ""the male malaise."" Another noteworthy mention is ""Lesbian Nuns – Breaking Silence,"" a compilation of interviews with nuns discussing their sexual lives. The book, which gained attention in the United States, has been launched in Christchurch by co-author Nancy Manahan. The article further introduces screenings of films dealing with women’s roles in the workforce, including ""The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter,"" which reflects on societal attitudes towards women's employment post-World War Two. It will be screened initially for local government employees, followed by a public showing. Additionally, the Australian documentary ""For Love Or Money"" will be screened, depicting the history of women in paid work in Australia. Lastly, Barbara Chapman has been elected as the new president of the Canterbury Play Centre Association, promising to continue her family's legacy within the organisation. As the largest association of its kind in New Zealand, she plans to dedicate significant time to her voluntary role, following a long-standing commitment to play centre work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851202_2_63_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851202.2.63.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502282800
5933,02,12,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 2 December 1985)","In a letter published on 2 December 1985, R. J. Van den Brink responds to Mrs Mies Oomen’s advocacy for a referendum regarding homosexual law changes, citing Professor Palmer's book ""Unbridled Power"". Van den Brink highlights a specific passage from the book which argues against the creation of numerous new criminal offences to regulate behaviour, suggesting that this approach can lead to enforcement issues and a general disrespect for the law within the community. He emphasises that the belief in achieving moral purity through legislation is flawed and reinforces the need for a critical examination of existing laws, proposing that fewer laws should be passed and some current statutes should be removed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851202_2_79_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851202.2.79.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502282800
5935,03,12,1985,"... But Not Over France’s New Heroes (Press, 3 December 1985)","In a report dated 3 December 1985, Karren Beanland, a former staff reporter for “The Press,” discusses the ongoing fallout from the incident involving Greenpeace and the French secret service, commonly referred to as “l’affaire Greenpeace.” Two French agents, Dominique Prieur and Alain Mafart, who are serving ten-year prison sentences in New Zealand for their involvement in the bombing of the Greenpeace vessel, the Rainbow Warrior, have become heroes in France, affectionately dubbed ""les Turenges"" after the fake Swiss identities they used to enter New Zealand. The French media has given the couple significant attention, celebrating their plight and broadcasting interviews from prison. This coverage raises eyebrows in New Zealand, as it appears to downplay the seriousness of the crime committed, which resulted in the death of an innocent person. The sympathy extended towards Prieur and Mafart seems rooted in the idea that they are scapegoats for higher-level decisions made by the French secret service, known as the D.G.S.E., which has a reputation for operational blunders. The incident has garnered intense media scrutiny in France, particularly after the extent of government involvement came to light. Initially, however, the bombing itself received little coverage, with many French publications downplaying the event. For instance, “Le Figaro” offered a brief report focusing predominantly on French denials of involvement. Only when the French government initiated inquiries did the story begin to dominate headlines, leading to a political scandal that influenced upcoming elections. Lange and Mitterrand's verbal confrontations punctuated the reporting and further heightened interest in the affair. Consequently, the narrative evolved into one of national embarrassment for France, leading to ministerial resignations and a shake-up within the secret service. Outside of the political sphere, the media’s fascination with New Zealand increased, often mischaracterising the country as an oddity in the South Pacific, focusing on light-hearted anecdotes about the nation’s demographics and cultural quirks. Reports included amusing takes on topics such as the newfound availability of condoms in New Zealand supermarkets and Lange's sharp remarks towards France. Despite this, French pride remained intact, as citizens seemed resistant to criticism of their country. Beanland notes that, although the situation has raised New Zealand’s profile in France, the underlying issues remain unchanged. Greenpeace is expected to continue its protests against French nuclear testing in the Pacific, and the relationships between New Zealand and France may continue to fluctuate. Public support for the nuclear tests in France persists, reflecting a disconnect between public opinion and the events triggering international tensions. In a European context, nuclear activity is perceived as a routine necessity, and the incident involving the Rainbow Warrior may ultimately have little long-term effect on those perspectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851203_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851203.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502369200
5934,03,12,1985,"Confessions Inquiry (Press, 3 December 1985)","An inquiry into the treatment of eight British servicemen in Cyprus, who were accused of leaking military secrets, commenced in London on 2 December 1985. The servicemen, from the Nine Signals regiment, claimed they were coerced into confessing through bullying tactics by military police. The barrister leading the inquiry, David Calcutt Q.C., who is a former chairman of the Bar, will investigate these assertions. The men had previously faced a four-month trial at the Old Bailey, which was largely conducted in secret and cost approximately £4.5 million (about $11.74 million) to taxpayers. The accusations against the servicemen included involvement in homosexual orgies, and it was alleged that a K.G.B. officer blackmailed them into providing confidential information about their military duties. Throughout the court proceedings, the servicemen denied the allegations of espionage and participation in the alleged activities. They contended that they were subjected to intense pressure that bordered on physical violence from the Royal Air Force’s Provost and Security Service and the Army’s Special Investigation Branch to obtain their confessions. Following their acquittal, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher announced the inquiry to scrutinise the circumstances surrounding the alleged ill-treatment of the servicemen. At a preliminary hearing held at Lancaster House the previous month, Calcutt confirmed that legal representation would be provided for the servicemen, their commanding officers, and the military personnel implicated in their alleged mistreatment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851203_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851203.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502369200
5937,04,12,1985,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 4 December 1985)","In a letter published on 4 December 1985, a 56-year-old mother from Timaru, J. Burke, expressed her frustration regarding the public health messaging about AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). Burke critiqued the portrayal of the disease, stating that the idea that ""anybody can get AIDS"" implies a level of irresponsibility associated with homosexuals who might donate blood. She argued that being a responsible citizen, particularly as a non-drug addict and a mother of eight, made her unlikely to contract AIDS through blood transfusions. Burke pointed out that much of the public health education funding appears to be directed toward increasing awareness among homosexuals, a group she believes is already aware of the risks. She expressed concern over the allocation of taxpayers' money towards these campaigns, suggesting that it would be more beneficial to redirect those funds to research into cot death and cancer, which she deemed more pressing health issues. Her letter reflects a wider societal debate during the 1980s regarding the understanding and misconceptions surrounding AIDS, particularly its transmission and associated stigma.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851204_2_91_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851204.2.91.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502455600
5936,04,12,1985,"Challenging Our Ideas About The Typical Family... (Press, 4 December 1985)","During the weekend of 1-2 December 1985, the Family Affairs Forum took place at Christchurch Teachers College, focusing on redefining the traditional concepts of family in New Zealand. Attendees were encouraged to challenge the conventional notion of the nuclear family, which consists of a married couple and their children. This model is now in the minority, with various family structures like single-parent families, blended families, adoptive families, and extended families becoming increasingly common. The forum specifically raised questions about families without children, noting that approximately 10 per cent of domestic units in New Zealand belong to this category. In her opening address, sociologist Jan Cameron highlighted the strong societal ideology that prioritises parenthood, suggesting that those who do not become parents are often viewed through a lens of moral or psychological deficiency. This ideology complicates the acceptance of couples who choose to remain childless, as well as for those struggling with infertility who feel pressured to explore every possible option for childbearing. Cameron emphasized the need to distinguish between biological parenthood and social relationships, asserting that reproduction is a physiological act whereas family formation is a social construct. Cameron posed significant questions regarding the nature of parenthood and the definition of family. For instance, she queried whether the purpose of reproduction is merely to have a child or to establish a family, and whether a child's family includes their birth mother in cases of adoption or surrogacy. The forum also considered who qualifies as a parent, raising the possibility of recognising homosexual couples as potential parents. The remainder of the forum involved workshops tackling issues related to family dynamics, such as single-parent families, new reproductive technologies, and domestic violence. These sessions were led mostly by individuals with personal experiences related to the topics, rather than solely professionals, thereby fostering an inclusive environment. Heather Foster from the Christchurch Marriage Guidance Council explained that the workshop format aimed to meet the diverse needs of participants and encouraged engagement among professional and lay attendees. Although some participants expressed disappointment at the absence of conventional experts, others found great value in reflecting on their personal feelings and experiences regarding family. The forum, the first of its kind in the South Island, successfully attracted a mix of 56 individuals working within various family contexts, demonstrating that collaboration and shared learning among professionals and community members can be beneficial. The organisers were pleased with the interaction, dispelling the myth that professionals alone possess all the answers in navigating family-related challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851204_2_79_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851204.2.79.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502455600
4081,04,12,1985,"How New York Copes With A.I.D.S. Scare (Press, 4 December 1985)","On 4 December 1985, Jane Gross of the New York Times highlighted the ongoing battle against A.I.D.S. in New York City, particularly focusing on the efforts of the Gay Men’s Health Crisis (GMHC). This organisation, a leading homosexual advocacy group, has intensified its educational campaigns about A.I.D.S. prevention amid a challenging climate where some within the community resist confronting the risks associated with sexual activity. The statistics at the time indicated 13,332 diagnosed cases of A.I.D.S. since 1981, with 6,481 deaths, many occurring in New York City. During an outreach effort in the East Village, a young man demonstrated reluctance to engage with A.I.D.S. educational materials, reflecting a broader hesitance among some homosexuals to address the crisis. Although GMHC has garnered praise for its support of those affected by A.I.D.S., there is significant debate within the community about the adequacy of preventive education and the handling of sexual behaviour in light of the epidemic. The discussion about promiscuity and its impacts on the A.I.D.S. crisis is rooted in the history of the homosexual rights movement. The Stonewall Riots of 1969 marked a pivotal moment that fostered a sense of liberation, but this had led to a period of increased sexual activity without adequate caution. A study from Columbia University revealed that homosexual men had significantly reduced their number of sexual partners since the emergence of A.I.D.S., decreasing from an average of 64 partners a year to 18. Critics like Larry Kramer, a GMHC founder who has since become an outspoken critic of the organisation’s leadership, attribute the heightened promiscuity to the cultural shifts of the 60s and 70s which deemed it unacceptable to question such behaviour. Jim Fouratt, another key figure in the gay rights movement, argued that the freedom associated with sexual promiscuity ended up alienating individuals and contributing to the spread of disease. In response to the epidemic, GMHC, established in 1982, has focused on counselling for patients and educational initiatives. However, leaders acknowledge that the organisation had to broaden its focus to educate healthcare professionals and the general public about A.I.D.S., a disease not confined to any one lifestyle. Richard Dunne, the executive director of GMHC, defended the organisation's efforts, recognising the challenges they faced in adequately serving gay and bisexual men while raising awareness amongst the wider community. Despite the ongoing challenges, there have been notable changes in sexual behaviour within the homosexual community. The city's Health Department reported an 80 per cent decline in venereal diseases among homosexual men over two years, while rates among heterosexuals continued to rise. Early findings from the Columbia study indicated that significant behaviour changes were influenced more by personal experience with A.I.D.S. than by education. In summary, the article encapsulated a critical moment in the fight against A.I.D.S., examining shifts in sexual behaviour, the community's response, and the complex interplay of liberation and responsibility within the homosexual community in the wake of an epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851204_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851204.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502455600
5938,05,12,1985,"A.I.D.S., Kisses Link (Press, 5 December 1985)","On 5 December 1985, a report by the Australian newspaper highlighted findings from Professor David Penington, the head of the National A.I.D.S. Task Force, regarding the transmission of the A.I.D.S. virus. Professor Penington stated that the virus could potentially be transmitted through deep, passionate kissing, especially under circumstances where both individuals had bleeding gums. He clarified, however, that the likelihood of transmitting the infection in such instances was related to the amount of the virus present, suggesting that a significant amount would be necessary for transmission to occur. Importantly, Professor Penington reassured the public that ordinary kissing, as well as activities such as sneezing, using swimming pools, sharing cutlery and crockery, and engaging in normal social interactions, would not transmit the virus. His guidance aimed to alleviate public fears regarding everyday interactions. In addition to kissing, Professor Penington expressed concerns regarding the safety of saunas, noting that if health checks and precautions were not properly enforced, they could potentially become significant venues for spreading the virus. He specifically highlighted the risks associated with male homosexual prostitutes, emphasising the importance of regular health checks for these individuals to prevent the spread of A.I.D.S. Overall, the report underscored the complex nature of the A.I.D.S. virus's transmission while providing specific advice aimed at reducing fear and promoting better awareness of preventative measures during a time when the disease was becoming an increasing public health concern.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851205_2_234.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851205.2.234,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502542000
5939,06,12,1985,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 6 December 1985)","In a series of letters published in ""The Press"" on 4 December 1985, the topic of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) generated significant concern and debate among readers. J. Smith responded to a previous letter by pointing out that A.I.D.S. poses risks to a broad range of individuals, not just those traditionally associated with the disease, such as homosexuals, haemophiliacs, and drug users. Smith highlighted issues surrounding undetected bisexuality among partners and the unfortunate potential for children to be sexually abused, thereby increasing their risk of contracting A.I.D.S. Smith stressed that the disease could potentially affect many people given the complexity of sexual relationships and the hidden dangers associated with them. Another reader, Varian J. Wilson, critiqued a full-page advertisement from the Health Department regarding A.I.D.S., suggesting that the advertisement did not take a firm stance on the responsibility of male homosexuals in the transmission of the disease. Wilson argued that the message conveyed a misleading sense of equality of risk between homosexuals and heterosexuals, particularly through the phrase “safer sex,” which downplayed the risks associated with homosexual activity until a later part of the text. Wilson specifically stated that while having sex with a prostitute or a bisexual or homosexual man is considered risky, the emphasis on the risks associated with prostitution overshadowed the higher risks linked to homosexual relationships. Furthermore, Wilson disagreed with the advertisement's advice directed at parents about protecting children from A.I.D.S., claiming it falsely suggested that children are not likely to contract the disease from predatory homosexuals. The rhetoric in Wilson's response made it clear that there were substantial concerns regarding how the Department of Health was addressing the risks of A.I.D.S. and the manner in which the messages were crafted. The published letters reflect a wider societal concern during the mid-1980s about the spread of A.I.D.S. and the complexities surrounding sexual behaviour, risk perception, and public health messaging. The discourse highlights the deep-seated tensions and misunderstandings that existed at the time regarding A.I.D.S. and its implications for various segments of the population.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851206_2_94_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851206.2.94.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502628400
7685,06,12,1985,"Influence Of Tv (Press, 6 December 1985)","In a letter published on 6 December 1985, Ted Mulcock expresses concern about the impact of television and media on societal morals and behaviour. He points out that despite David Lange's prominent anti-nuclear stance and his government's efforts to maintain no sporting ties with South Africa, there are serious issues affecting New Zealand society, such as murder, rape, and violence, which are increasingly normalised through media representation. Mulcock argues that while negative aspects of life are frequently portrayed on television, leading to their acceptance among younger generations, the media also holds the potential to promote positive human qualities like honesty, unselfishness, and service to others. He believes that a good government should strive to encourage these positive traits while working to diminish societal evils. He concludes by suggesting that finding solutions to eliminate strikes and address the negative influences in media would constitute significant achievements for the government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851206_2_94_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851206.2.94.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502628400
5940,10,12,1985,"Beware The “auld Faggot” In Spite Of Judge’s... (Press, 10 December 1985)","An Auckland court case recently drew attention to the word ""faggot,"" as a judge ruled that it was not to be considered an insult. The case involved a student who shouted the term at an undercover policeman, but the judge dismissed the charge, suggesting that the police might be overreacting. While the judge hinted that the matter was trivial, he cautioned against underestimating the historical implications of the term. The term “faggot” has a complex and often derogatory history. Initially, it referred to a bundle of sticks used for fuel or as a construction material. In earlier times, it also had associations with heresy; those who recanted were symbolically marked with an embroidered faggot. Additionally, linguistic connections are identified wherein “to burn one’s faggot” signified recanting a heresy. By the sixteenth century, it became a term of contempt for women, especially those viewed as unworthy or slovenly. Over time, dialect variations flourished, and the term retained its derogatory essence. In Northern England, it was used to describe a ""worthless woman,"" while children could be called ""little faggots"" in a derogatory sense. The term also associated with poor character, implying laziness and gossiping tendencies. In underworld slang, “faggot” evolved to mean a woman of questionable morality or a whore, derived from a supposed slovenly appearance. It also linked to homosexuality, particularly in American slang where “faggoty” referred to a boy with homosexual inclinations in the 1940s. The usage of ""faggot"" varies in terms of offensiveness; context, tone, and the relationship between those involved play crucial roles in its interpretation. The judge’s interpretation may have underestimated the term’s potential for harm, reflecting on the broader societal implications of such language. Moreover, the term also carried historical uses in voting and criminal activities, ranging from “faggot votes” for shady electoral practices to descriptions of housebreaking. Culinary references existed too, where the term denoted a type of dish made from meat and innards, popular in certain regions of Britain. In summary, while the judge's ruling might suggest the word ""faggot"" is benign, its historical connotations and modern implications demonstrate that it can still cause significant offence. As society continues to reassess the language we use, understanding the origins and societal perceptions of such terms becomes essential in fostering respectful communication.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851210_2_100_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851210.2.100.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,502974000
4082,11,12,1985,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 11 December 1985)","In a letter published on 11 December 1985, Varian J. Wilson expressed concerns about the legalisation of buggery, despite having withdrawn his opposition to legislation put forth primarily by the Labour Party. He hoped that this change would lead to a more responsible attitude among the gay community towards AIDS, a significant public health issue with over 5,000 deaths reported in New York alone. Wilson referenced discussions from the Gay Liberation Front, which initially ignited the movement in New York, questioning whether ""compulsive sexuality"" equates to personal freedom. He noted that counselling sessions for 800 men with sexual compulsivity took place in New York bathhouses and highlighted a study that indicated a decrease in promiscuity, with participants averaging 18 partners a year compared to 64 before intervention. Additionally, Wilson mentioned concerns from Dr Barker, who had acknowledged that poor evaluations related to children's products had harmed the market but failed to advocate for removing known AIDS-infected homosexuals from broader society. Wilson chastised this approach, particularly regarding the implications of active pederasts and their known compulsive personalities in the context of AIDS transmission. Overall, Wilson's letter reflected a mixture of apprehension about sexual freedoms as they intersected with public health crises and criticism of responses to these issues within the gay community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851211_2_91_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851211.2.91.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503060400
7438,11,12,1985,"Where We Came In (Press, 11 December 1985)","On 11 December 1985, Mary O’Regan, the head of the Ministry of Women’s Affairs, discussed the implications of women's liberation for both men and women. She emphasised that sex-role stereotyping negatively affects both genders and that achieving genuine equality would provide greater choices and opportunities for everyone. The discussion referenced philosophical reflections on gender, invoking the idea that humanity’s original divine image was androgynous, consisting of both masculine and feminine elements. O’Regan’s insights suggest that traditional views of gender, exemplified by the biblical figures of Adam and Eve, create a binary understanding that confines individuals to specific roles. This constructs a narrative of a male and female existence that is often interpreted through the lens of partnership as well as division. The commentary further explores the consequences of these historical roles, likening them to a “primal Sex-role Stereotype” that has evolved over time, encapsulating the struggles of both genders. The reference to Eve as potentially responsible for the original sin highlights the ongoing discourse around gender responsibility and societal roles. O’Regan suggests a reconsideration of these roles and an acknowledgment of the need for change. By questioning the established norms and referencing philosophical and biblical texts, O’Regan advocates for a shift in perception regarding gender roles. In her view, a focus on equality and liberation could lead to a society where barriers based on gender are diminished, allowing for a richer and more diverse experience of life for all individuals. The call for a new understanding of gender identity and social constructs indicates a movement toward inclusivity and challenges the traditional dichotomy of male and female roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851211_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851211.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503060400
5942,12,12,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 12 December 1985)","In a letter dated November 16, 1985, Paul Maling responds to Vernon Wilkinson's assertions regarding the ancient Greeks' views on homosexuality, particularly male homosexual anal coitus. Maling argues that such practices were seen as essential for a strong and noble society, citing Aristophanes in the ""Symposium"" where he claims that only those who experienced a man's love in their youth played their roles effectively in the state. Contrary to Wilkinson's claims, Maling asserts that the practice was not limited to boys before puberty, as it was legally prohibited until the age of 13 for free-born boys to engage with adults. He clarifies that the Greeks deemed the ideal age for the beloved to be between 15 and 19. Furthermore, Maling remarks that among the Ionians, the practice of homosexuality extended into older age, referencing Socrates as an example. He also challenges Wilkinson's statement about the Romans, arguing that it is incorrect to assert that the Romans were typically uninterested in homosexual acts. Maling points out that Julius Caesar was reportedly involved with Nicomedes when he was just 20 years old, and suggests that many early Roman Emperors frequently engaged in homosexual intercourse, indicating that such relationships were widespread in Roman society. The letter was published during a journalists' strike, and the editor notes that no further correspondence regarding this historical aspect of homosexuality will be entertained.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851212_2_114_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851212.2.114.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503146800
5941,12,12,1985,"Swiss Films From ‘young’ Industry (Press, 12 December 1985)","Swiss cinematographer and director Hans Liechti recently visited Christchurch to promote the festival of Swiss films currently screening at the Academy. During his visit, he highlighted the parallels between the Swiss and New Zealand film industries, noting that both are relatively young. Liechti pointed out that Swiss cinema experienced a stagnation after the 1960s until a resurgence in the mid-1970s, driven by a new generation of filmmakers who operated with limited experience and financial resources, as there were no film schools at that time. liechti expressed that the film industry in Switzerland is still not fully developed, primarily existing for commercials and short films rather than feature-length projects. Liechti himself is a prominent figure in Swiss cinema, having begun his career as a photographer and later working with Swiss Television. Since 1969, he has been a freelance cameraman and helped establish the GATTO film group. He also mentioned his collaboration with renowned director Jean-Luc Godard on the short film ""Lettre à Freddy Buache,"" which was featured in the festival. Liechti's directorial debut, “Akropolis Now,” was screened earlier in the festival, created on a tight budget where he wore multiple hats, including writer, director, and actor, with editorial assistance from his wife, Fee. He explained that filmmakers in Switzerland must often raise their own funds and assume various roles in production due to the lack of infrastructure and support. While some government funding is available, much of it comes from private sources or television. Notably, Liechti commented on the trend of Swiss filmmakers collaborating internationally, particularly with France and Germany, to share resources and expertise. Despite the growth in co-productions, Liechti noted that Swiss films are seen more as cultural artefacts rather than commercial ventures, with most funding relying on the prospect of returns on investments. He also mentioned that the primary audience for cinemas in Switzerland is between the ages of 16 and 25, yet reaching this demographic is challenging due to limited advertising budgets. Additionally, the multilingual nature of Switzerland complicates the distribution of films, as many require expensive dubbing and synchronisation for international viewing. The festival showcases a range of Swiss films. Highlights include ""The Whole Life,"" a psychological drama; “Sibylla's Kiss,"" which explores the relationship between an actress and a painter using metaphysical elements; “The School of Hard Knocks,” a documentary about a family's life in Alaska; “The Killer From Florida,” which adopts a documentary style to tell a fictional story of a hitman; and “Hohenfeuer,” a narrative about childhood and familial love on a remote mountain farm. These screenings exemplify the diversity and depth of contemporary Swiss cinema, as discussed by Liechti.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851212_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851212.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503146800
5944,13,12,1985,"Birth Of Hitlerism (Press, 13 December 1985)","On 30 June 1934, a pivotal moment in the establishment of Hitler's Nazi dictatorship unfolded with the brutal operation known as ""Operation Humming Bird."" This event marked the beginning of Hitler's reign of terror, initiated barely a year after he assumed power. It involved a premeditated purge of potential opposition within the ranks of the Nazi Party, particularly targeting the stormtroopers, also known as SA (Sturmabteilung). The operation commenced early in the morning when Adolf Hitler, accompanied by key figures like Heinrich Himmler and Hermann Göring, arrived at a lakeside hotel in Bavaria. There, they arrested Ernst Röhm, the SA leader, who was seen as a threat due to his powerful position and the influence he wielded over four million brownshirts. Röhm was accused of treason and taken into custody, along with numerous other SA leaders who were rounded up and executed by firing squads. Accounts from Sir Hugh Greene, a then Berlin correspondent, reveal the chaos and brutality of that day. In his documentary ""Night of the Humming Bird,"" he provides eyewitness testimonies from survivors and insights into the motivations behind the massacre. The killings were framed by the regime as a necessary action to prevent a supposed coup by the SA, yet they were, in reality, a means for Hitler to consolidate his control and eliminate any potential threats from within his party. The purge escalated throughout the day, with numerous executions taking place. Notable figures executed included former Chancellor von Schleicher and prominent party members like Gregor Strasser. These events were met with disbelief among the ranks of the Nazis, as many shouted ""Heil Hitler"" even as they faced execution. The consequences of ""Operation Humming Bird"" were significant, leading to a shift in power dynamics within the Nazi regime. Many of those who previously supported Hitler found themselves at risk, and the military, judiciary, and civil services ultimately accepted Hitler's disregard for justice. The operation marked a crucial turning point in the establishment of a dictatorship characterised by fear and oppression. In the aftermath, figures like former SS General Karl Wolff provided insights into the implementations of the murders, while survivors like Conrad Josten reflected on the fear and chaos that defined this dark chapter in history. Josten's viewpoint articulated the stark reality of the situation, emphasising that anyone oblivious to the implications of National Socialism by that date was either foolish or opportunistic. Overall, ""Operation Humming Bird"" solidified Hitler's grip on power and signalled the beginning of a relentless campaign against dissent, paving the way for the atrocities that would follow in Nazi Germany.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851213_2_81_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851213.2.81.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503233200
5946,13,12,1985,"Corso Appeal After Fire (Press, 13 December 1985)","Corso, an aid organisation, has initiated a fundraising appeal following an arson attack on its Dunedin office. The organisation's members speculate that the attack may have been motivated by personal grievances against them. However, Dunedin police attribute the fire, which erupted early on a Sunday morning, to burglars. The fire caused significant damage to Corso's offices in Moray Place, with damages estimated at around $25,000 for the building itself, which is insured. Additionally, educational resources, including books and magazines, valued at the same amount were lost in the incident. Rev. Don Borrie, the national chairman of Corso, expressed his dismay over the attack. Notably, while the building was home to several organisations, only the three Corso offices suffered damage. Mr Rob Finlay, Corso's chairman in Christchurch, mentioned that various branches of the organisation occasionally receive threats, suggesting that such hostility could stem from Corso's positions on contentious issues, including support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and advocacy for Māori rights, particularly in relation to protests against Waitangi Day celebrations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851213_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851213.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503233200
5945,13,12,1985,"Test-tube Babies And The Law (Press, 13 December 1985)","In December 1985, an article by Vernon Wilkinson won the first prize in a newspaper feature writing competition for its exploration of the legal implications surrounding recent developments in human genetic engineering, particularly concerning reproductive technologies such as artificial insemination and in vitro fertilisation (IVF). As discussions about homosexual law reform highlighted the limits of legislation's role in personal and intimate matters, similar discussions emerged around genetic engineering. A commission was established to review the legal aspects of these technologies and is expected to report back to Parliament in 1986. In preparation for this, New Zealand's Law Reform Division has published an ""Issues Paper"" that outlines various options and implications for New Zealanders, aiming to foster public debate and develop a broadly accepted policy. The paper examines artificial insemination by donor or husband (AID or AIH) and in vitro fertilisation (IVF). AID involves the introduction of sperm into the uterus without sexual intercourse, typically when the husband is infertile or incapable of sexual performance. IVF occurs when an ovum is fertilised outside the body before being implanted back into the uterus, though its success rate is modest and the procedure is expensive. Increasing infertility rates, attributed in part to sexually transmitted diseases and changing social attitudes toward motherhood, have heightened demand for these medical interventions. Alongside, the declining numbers of babies available for adoption pose additional challenges for childless couples, driving interest in genetic engineering and surrogacy. Notably, since 1960 about one million couples in the United States have pursued AID or AIH treatments. In contrast, New Zealand has seen only 159 cases. Although IVF started in 1977, local instances remain low, with only two reported. Surrogacy cases have not been officially recorded. The article highlights the complexities that arise with these reproductive technologies, including potential issues surrounding the identity and legal rights of parents, donors, and children. For instance, legal arrangements regarding inheritance and paternal rights need to be clearly defined, particularly when donors, surrogates, and commissioning parents are involved. Recommendations from international committees suggest that the legal father should be the husband when the treatment is consented to, while the legal mother would be the woman who gives birth. There are also significant legal and ethical challenges relating to anonymity of donors, the rights of offspring to know about their biological origins, the status of surplus embryos, and complications that could arise in the cases of death or rejections of surrogacy arrangements. Ultimately, the article posits that while the medical profession currently manages IVF and AID responsibly, the law must also step in to address the wider implications of these technologies. The convergence of legal, moral, and medical decisions reflects deeper societal values. As public debate continues, differing opinions emerge about the implications of technological advancements in human reproduction, balancing the hope for new possibilities against fears about where such interventions could lead. The future of these discussions remains uncertain, highlighting the complexities of ""playing God"" in reproduction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851213_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851213.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503233200
5943,13,12,1985,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 13 December 1985)","On 13 December 1985, Dr Wall, the Speaker of the House, addressed a ruling regarding the validity of a vote taken the previous week, which had been conducted while one of the chamber doors was unlocked. During the parliamentary session, Leader of the House, Mr Palmer, announced that the Government did not anticipate the need for Parliament to convene again the following week. He indicated that Parliament would be prorogued until 26 February for an opening ceremony to be conducted by the Queen. Mr R. N. McClay, the National Party member for Waikaremoana, presented a petition signed by J. L. Thompson and 94 others from the Rangitikei district, urging the Government to maintain free bus services for rural children. In this session, reports from the Tourist Hotel Corporation and the Controller and Auditor-General were also tabled, and Ministers addressed 18 questions. The Minister of Finance, Mr Douglas, delivered an economic statement that attracted comments from opposition leaders, including Mr McLay, Mr Ian McLean (spokesman for agriculture), and Mr G. T. Knapp (Democratic Party deputy leader). Mr W. P. Jeffries, chairman of the Communications and Road Safety Select Committee, reported on driver retests for those aged 70 and above, plus a proposal regarding cycling on footpaths. Subsequently, Mr Palmer brought forward the report of the Privileges Committee related to a publication by the newspaper ""Truth,"" proposing that the Speaker send a formal reprimand to the news outlet’s editor and reporter. He then moved for urgency in passing five Government bills and concluding the session to facilitate the Christmas recess, with this motion being approved via a voice vote. The Health Service Personnel Amendment Bill was split into two separate bills and both received a third reading. The Statutes Amendment Bill (No. 2) proceeded similarly, being divided into 71 bills that were subsequently read three times. The State Services Amendment Bill (No. 2) moved through all stages without amendments. The second reading debate for the Defence Amendment Bill was initiated before being adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m., after which it resumed, successfully passing through its second, committee, and third readings. Further, the Armed Forces Discipline Amendment Bill was read for the second time and underwent a similar split into two bills before both were read three times. New legislation was introduced by various Ministers, such as the Income Tax Amendment Bill (No. 7), the Video Recordings Bill, and the New Zealand Horticulture Export Authority Bill. The House then took urgency for the final stages of the Auckland Aotea Centre Empowering Bill and the Mount Smart Regional Recreation Centre Bill, which were debated and passed. The Leader of the House proposed forwarding a list of bills to the following session, including the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill. An attempt to remove this bill from the list was defeated, and the original motion was passed. The House concluded its business for the day and formally rose at 11.55 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851213_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851213.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503233200
5947,16,12,1985,"Needles On Market (Press, 16 December 1985)","On 16 December 1985, researchers in Boston reported a notable shift in the behaviour of drug sellers in New York City, attributed to rising fears about the AIDS epidemic. These concerns have led to an increase in the distribution of clean needles along with heroin on the streets. Intravenous drug users represent the second largest group affected by AIDS, following homosexual males. Medical professionals have indicated that the primary mode of transmission of the disease among drug addicts is the sharing of infected hypodermic needles. The research highlights a significant public health response from drug sellers in light of the AIDS crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851216_2_178.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851216.2.178,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503492400
5948,17,12,1985,"Homosexual Law Changes (Press, 17 December 1985)","In a letter published on 17 December 1985, C. G. A. Wilson raises concerns about the legal implications for two consenting 16-year-old males caught engaging in homosexual activities. The letter criticises the current law which mandates their immediate arrest and charge, despite the fact that over 30 per cent of males may participate in such activities during adolescence. Wilson argues that if proposed legislation sets the age of consent at 20, any homosexual acts committed at 16 would be considered crimes only until they turn 20, at which point those incidents could be deemed irrelevant and forgotten. The author advocates for the age of consent to be lowered to 16, emphasizing that the legal system's resources are misallocated on such cases rather than addressing more pressing crimes. Wilson concludes that homosexuality should not be classified as a crime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851217_2_84_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851217.2.84.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503578800
5950,18,12,1985,"Article Results In Reprimand (Press, 18 December 1985)","On 18 December 1985, the Speaker of Parliament announced that the editor and a reporter from ""New Zealand Truth"" would receive formal reprimands due to a breach of privilege linked to an article published in an October issue of the newspaper. The article was deemed an attempt to influence MPs through threats, which prompted a Parliamentary committee to conclude that both the editor, Alan Hitchens, and reporter, Chris Knight, were in contempt of Parliament. The controversy stemmed from complaints made by three National Party MPs: John Banks from Whangarei, Norman Jones from Invercargill, and Graeme Lee from Hauraki. They raised concerns with the Speaker, Dr. Wall, about the article's implications regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. In response to the committee's investigation, ""New Zealand Truth"" claimed that it had no intention of influencing Parliamentary conduct and argued that its actions were in the public interest. Hitchens and Knight expressed willingness to apologise if found guilty of breaching privilege. Furthermore, the newspaper had settled with the three complainant MPs regarding legal proceedings, with the Leader of the House, Mr. Palmer, indicating that resolutions involved both a public apology and financial compensation. Considering that adequate redress had already been obtained by the complainants, the committee opted for a less severe penalty than might have been warranted in what it acknowledged to be a serious breach of privilege. Consequently, it recommended that both Hitchens and Knight receive formal written reprimands from the Speaker.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851218_2_187.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851218.2.187,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503665200
5949,18,12,1985,"Gay Worries Countered (Press, 18 December 1985)","On 18 December 1985, Dr Max Abbott, director of the Mental Health Foundation, addressed concerns raised by the Auckland federation of the Parent-Teacher Association (P.T.A.) regarding openly homosexual teachers discussing their lifestyles in the classroom. The P.T.A. had proposed a ban on such discussions, believing it might influence children’s sexual orientation. In response, Dr Abbott asserted that sexual orientation is largely established during early childhood and that contact with openly gay teachers would not cause children to become homosexual. He emphasised the importance of having openly gay teachers as positive role models for homosexual youth who might be struggling with their identities. Dr Abbott pointed out that many young homosexuals may feel isolated or stigmatized, often falling into negative stereotypes about their identities. He urged the P.T.A. to examine the significant number of complaints they had received, suggesting that the high level of concern might stem from a small group with extreme views rather than the broader membership of the association. However, Amy Slack, a former national president and life member of the P.T.A., responded by expressing her belief that the complaints were authentic and widespread among the association’s members. This dialogue highlighted the tension between advocates for representation and acceptance of diverse sexual orientations in educational settings and those concerned about the influence of such representations on children. The discussions also reflected broader societal attitudes towards homosexuality during the mid-1980s in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851218_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851218.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,503665200
7385,26,12,1985,"Bethlehem Pilgrims Guarded (Press, 26 December 1985)","On 26 December 1985, celebrations marking Christmas around the world showcased both joy and reflection. In Bethlehem, thousands of worshippers gathered for Midnight Mass at St Catherine’s Basilica and in Manger Square, where a significant turnout occurred despite a noted 20 per cent decline in holiday visitors due to fears following recent hijackings in the Middle East. The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, Most Rev. Giacomo Beltritti, led the service, while pilgrims unable to enter the church watched via a large screen next to a 20-metre Christmas tree. Israeli military presence was heightened, with troops patrolling and stationed on rooftops in the area to ensure security. In Shepherds’ Field, on the West Bank, hundreds of pilgrims sang carols and attended services under the watchful eyes of armed soldiers, recalling the biblical significance of the site where shepherds learned of Jesus' birth. Meanwhile, in China, Midnight Mass was celebrated for the first time in 27 years at the Beitang Cathedral in Peking. Esther's church, which had been closed since 1958, was filled to capacity with approximately 100 Catholics who praised in hymns regardless of restrictions from the Communist state. Simultaneously, Mother Teresa opened a hospice in Manhattan for AIDS patients, emphasising the need for compassion and care for the dying. She expressed a wish for these individuals to live and die in peace, marking the hospice as a “guesthouse” for those with AIDS. The Catholic Archdiocese of New York supported the establishment of this facility, hoping to launch similar hospices for patients across the city. In the political arena, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher addressed the Falkland Islanders in a Christmas message, expressing disappointment towards allies who failed to support Britain in recent UN votes concerning the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands. She reiterated her government's commitment to resisting Argentina's claims and protecting the Islanders' rights. Peru also made headlines by announcing a Christmas amnesty for 257 prisoners, including some accused of terrorist activities. Amidst this, the nation remained vigilant with 30,000 police on alert for potential extremist violence. Acts of generosity were reported elsewhere, including an anonymous donor who gifted $50,000 to a mission for the poor in Los Angeles and a businessman who paid the bail for nine inmates so they could spend Christmas with their families—a tradition he had upheld for 15 years. In a more somber note, a man known as Santa C. Claus, who had devoted nearly two decades to bringing joy to children and the elderly, was found dead in his hotel room just days before Christmas. Tragedy also struck at a Manila fish market, where a vendor shot and killed an employee who persistently sought a Christmas bonus. This series of events highlighted a mix of celebration, compassion, generosity, and, regrettably, violence during a season traditionally associated with goodwill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851226_2_54_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851226.2.54.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504356400
5951,28,12,1985,"Love Lessons In Chelsea (Press, 28 December 1985)","""Love Lessons: A Wartime Diary"" by Joan Wyndham, published by Heinemann in 1985, presents a personal account of life during the early years of the Second World War from the perspective of a young Joan Wyndham herself. As a teenager in Chelsea, she finds herself immersed in a vibrant and chaotic artists' colony, populated by a range of interestingly flawed characters, including writers, painters, and sculptors. At the start of her journey, Wyndham is depicted as an obedient and morally conservative Roman Catholic, having been raised in a convent, and she navigates her transition into the Bohemian lifestyle with a mix of curiosity and caution. The artists around her, while generous with their material possessions and hospitality, display a notable selfishness in their emotional lives. This dynamic reveals a deeper understanding of the struggles that come with the pursuit of artistry, as articulated by Gerhardt, a sculptor who reflects that true artists cannot escape the burden of self-centeredness. They are portrayed as young and poor, often living in dishevelled studios and engaging in idle discussions about sex, alongside an appreciation for music and literature that could be characterised as insipid. Wyndham's virginity becomes a subject of fascination amongst her new peers, prompting frequent inquiries about how she has managed to maintain it and speculations regarding when and with whom she might lose it. As the narrative unfolds, the backdrop of the war intensifies, initially manifesting as increased dust and noise amidst the struggling artist community. However, the reality of the war eventually disturbs their escapist dream. Through her diary entries, Wyndham expresses a desire to belong, stating she rented a studio with the hope of mingling with artists, ultimately creating a persona of an artist herself despite feeling detached from the essence of painting. This desire to blend into the artistic community leads her to acknowledge the duality of their existence—while they live in a romanticised dream, the impending harsh realities of war loom large, threatening to shatter their transient world. ""Love Lessons"" captures a unique snapshot of youth, art, and the human experience during a tumultuous period, weaving together themes of love, self-discovery, and the often unglamorous realities of a life dedicated to art amidst the chaos of wartime London. The memoir stands as a poignant reflection on the transformative nature of both personal and collective experiences during one of history’s most challenging times.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851228_2_90_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851228.2.90.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504529200
6740,28,12,1985,"Love On An Analyst’s Couch (Press, 28 December 1985)","""Other Women"" is a novel by Lisa Althar, published in 1985, known for its exploration of complex relationships and self-discovery. The narrative centres on a 35-year-old nurse who navigates her troubled past, including a failed marriage and numerous affairs. Seeking clarity and understanding, she visits a psychotherapist in New Hampshire who guides her through her feelings of bisexuality, a desire to care for others, and an overarching need for love. The therapist, too, has her struggles, grappling with her own past, including a failed marriage, the loss of two children due to accidental poisoning, and the challenges of menopause. As the nurse seeks to make sense of her identity and relationships with both men and women, she engages in a series of sexual encounters while attempting to maintain some emotional boundaries. However, the relationship dynamics raise concerns regarding the therapist’s objectivity. At times, it appears that the therapist may be too emotionally involved, particularly as the nurse navigates intense feelings of anger, desire, and anxiety. This potential conflict of interest leads to questions about the effectiveness of their sessions and whether the therapist is providing the guidance the nurse requires in exchange for her financial investment. The narrative hints at the development of the therapist's own lesbian feelings toward the nurse, but this plot point is not fully resolved by the end of the story. Critics have described the novel as somewhat superficial and indicative of a therapeutic process that can sound more like the musings of an enthusiastic patient than a true exploration of psychoanalysis. Despite its shortcomings, the portrayal of a lesbian lifestyle and the introspective themes are expected to resonate with readers, especially those who are introspectively inclined, given Althar's previous success with her first novel, ""Kinflicks.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851228_2_90_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851228.2.90.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504529200
5952,28,12,1985,"Much Throwing About Of Literary Brains (Press, 28 December 1985)","In a unique literary competition, “The Press” invites participants to identify the Shakespearean sources of 30 modern-sounding quotations that appear to resonate with contemporary issues and situations. The competition, which is open to readers, includes a diverse range of topics, reflecting on social, political, and personal matters relevant to life in New Zealand, and even touches on international relations. Participants must provide the title of the Shakespearean work from which each quotation is taken, with added points for those who can specify the act and scene. A list of the works used is provided to assist competitors, ensuring that fans of Shakespeare can engage with the challenge. The competition, which aims to highlight the ongoing relevance of Shakespeare's writings, offers prizes of book vouchers valued at NZ$20 each for the first five correct or closest entries. These vouchers are generously sponsored by Scorpio Books, a Christchurch-based publisher. The competition is set to conclude on Monday, January 13, 1986, and participants’ answers along with the winners will be published on Saturday, January 18. The selected quotations range from humorous takes on social customs like drinking and housekeeping to more serious reflections on political matters and societal issues, such as tax evasion and the plight of street kids. Some quotes include cheeky references to rugby and cricket, as well as poignant comments related to current events like homosexual law reform and American politics. Overall, the contest seeks to celebrate Shakespeare’s timelessness while engaging a modern audience, encouraging them to delve into classic literature to draw connections to contemporary life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851228_2_90_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851228.2.90.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504529200
6738,28,12,1985,"No Longer The Female Eunuchs (Press, 28 December 1985)","In her 1985 book ""Woman's Experience of Sex,"" Sheila Kitzinger offers a frank and comprehensive examination of female sexuality, challenging traditional views and emphasizing the multifaceted nature of sexual expression. The book, spanning 320 pages and priced at $16.95, reflects Kitzinger's commitment to illuminating aspects of female sexuality often left in the shadows. Kitzinger asserts that, for women, sex transcends mere physical acts; it involves the entire body and varies through different stages of life. She criticizes the historical perception that sexual pleasure is a dangerous fault, noting that the current outlook has shifted to consider the absence of sexual satisfaction as a dysfunction. Through a quote from Dr Szasz, she highlights the evolution in societal attitudes towards masturbation—once viewed as an illness, now recognized as a healthy expression of sexuality. The book draws from feminist perspectives, encouraging women to explore their desires and identities, and positing that sex is an essential aspect of women's relationships with men and themselves. Kitzinger provides detailed insights into various anatomical pleasures, including the clitoris and the ""G spot,"" which she identifies as central to achieving profound sexual pleasure. She also addresses practical concerns, such as intimacy after childbirth complications like episiotomies, offering self-help advice, including herbal remedies. Kitzinger's discussions are rooted in her conversations with a diverse array of women, leading her to realise that her understanding of sex had been largely influenced by male-centric narratives. She critiques the historical dominance of male anatomy as the standard in discussions of sexual behaviour and physiology, urging a shift towards a female perspective. The book is designed for women at all stages of life, from adolescence to old age, accommodating their evolving understanding of sexuality. Its distinction lies in its non-antagonistic tone towards men, promoting a collective journey to decipher both physical and emotional experiences related to sex. Overall, Kitzinger's work stands out as a vital resource for women seeking to understand their sexuality more holistically, fostering an environment where open discussion about sexual health and pleasure is encouraged.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851228_2_90_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851228.2.90.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504529200
6739,28,12,1985,"Self-indulgent Feminism (Press, 28 December 1985)","Published in 1985, ""Running Backwards Over Sand"" by Stephanie Dowrick is a lengthy novel that has garnered a mixed review from Diane Prout. Dowrick, an expatriate New Zealander residing in Australia, draws on her background as a co-founder of the Women’s Press and a recipient of the Pandora Award for her literary exploration of sexual roles between men and women. The narrative revolves around the character of Zoe Delighty, whose story is shaped by her tumultuous family relationships, including the early death of her mother and the impact of a strict Catholic education enforced by her father. Zoe's journey takes her from New Zealand to London and Berlin, reflecting her struggle with emotional dependency on her German lover, coupled with his rejection and her quest for independence as a woman. Prout describes the writing as idiosyncratic yet overly verbose, particularly criticising the explicitness of the lesbian love scenes and suggesting that Dowrick's literary style often resembles pretentiousness. The novel includes insights into Zoe’s formative years, marked by striking characterisations, particularly from her childhood experiences, with references to literary figures like Katherine Mansfield adding depth. However, Prout finds the book suffers from excessive self-consciousness in its philosophical dialogues, particularly in settings like German café society, which appear stagy rather than authentic. Though ""Running Backwards Over Sand"" tackles significant women's issues, Prout argues that the narrative leans too heavily into polemic territory, losing the essence of a well-structured novel. She expresses frustration with Zoe's self-indulgence, implying that a more grounded approach would have been preferable, and likens Zoe's challenges to what a more pragmatic writer like Jane Austen would have resolved succinctly. Overall, while the novel has moments of merit, it ultimately falls short of delivering a compelling narrative due to its overwriting and tendency toward self-absorption.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851228_2_90_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851228.2.90.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504529200
7439,30,12,1985,"A.I.D.S. Hits Sex Business (Press, 30 December 1985)","The sex industry in Hamburg, West Germany, is facing a significant downturn as fears surrounding the deadly disease A.I.D.S. impact business. The famous red-light district of St Pauli, known for its numerous sex clubs and bars, has seen a marked decrease in clientele, with the Reeperbahn—its main thoroughfare—being frequented by around 40,000 visitors each night. With more than 3,000 prostitutes working in the area, the oversupply is evident, as income for many has plummeted. One sex worker, Helga, mentioned that her earnings have dropped by approximately 50 per cent due to the media's focus on A.I.D.S., asserting that this negative publicity has adversely affected their business. In various entertainment venues like the Eros Centre and Palais d’Amour, competition among around 50 prostitutes is fierce, but even with reduced rates and regular health checks, customers seem to be hesitant, often merely looking rather than engaging. Gwen, a 19-year-old from the Philippines working in the Eros Centre, noted a significant shift in behaviour among men. Meanwhile, clubs that previously thrived on audience-participation shows, such as the Tanga Club, reported similar declines in attendance, with the barman there attributing the drop to the A.I.D.S. scare. Conversely, establishments catering to more niche markets, like the Herbertstrasse with its leather-clad workers, have not faced the same level of decline. Though these workers remain tight-lipped about their earnings, they echo complaints of poor publicity from the media. Another venue catering to couples noted that while business continues, patrons have become more cautious, prompting the installation of additional condom vending machines in response to health campaigns promoting safe sex. While the broader sex industry has been negatively affected, sales of condoms and adult products—particularly from outlets like Beate Uhse AG—have surged, indicating a change in consumer behaviour. A survey of 379 sex clubs across Germany revealed that 151 had experienced client losses of up to 60 per cent. One operator indicated that he may have to close one of his clubs due to the downturn. Interestingly, law enforcement also noted a behavioural shift; fewer clubs are staying open late, with many closing by midnight instead of the previous 4 AM, a change attributed to media coverage of A.I.D.S. Local figures like Pastor Dankmar Fischer from the Salvation Army suggested there could be positive outcomes from the scare, encouraging a reassessment of sexual behaviour among individuals. Overall, A.I.D.S. has dramatically altered the landscape of Hamburg's sex industry, prompting many to rethink their practices and leading to a noticeable shift in market activity and public engagement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19851230_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19851230.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504702000
5953,02,01,1986,"March Diary (Press, 2 January 1986)","In early March 1986, significant events unfolded in New Zealand and globally. On March 4, the New Zealand dollar experienced a devaluation of approximately 3.5 percent against the U.S. dollar as it began trading under a new floating exchange system. The same day, a devastating earthquake struck central Chile, resulting in the loss of nearly 100 lives. The following days saw a variety of local news. On March 8, tickets for the performance of ice dancers Torvill and Dean in Christchurch quickly sold out. That same day, the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was introduced in Parliament, which sparked considerable public discourse. In response to safety concerns, plans were announced on March 9 to provide motor-cycle traffic officers with new, safer helmets. A fire incident on March 10 caused damage to Linwood High School's gymnasium. The international stage was marked by the death of Soviet President Konstantin Chernenko on March 11, which stirred discussions about the political landscape in the USSR. The momentum of social issues continued with the launch of an anti-gay petition against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill on March 13. Meanwhile, the Operation Hope ship, named Ngahere, arrived at Lyttelton on March 19 to load agricultural products and machinery intended for humanitarian aid in Sudan. On March 21, the Minister of Energy indicated plans to review budget provisions regarding electricity pricing in the South Island, while on March 27, Minister of Finance Mr Douglas hinted at potential direct tax cuts coupled with the introduction of a new goods and services tax. As March unfolded, historical milestones were reached; on March 28, Sir Hamish Hay was recognised as Christchurch's longest-serving Mayor. In a move that sparked controversy, Parliament urged the New Zealand Rugby Union not to proceed with a tour to South Africa, which led to significant public demonstrations. A notable protest took place on March 29, with around 2,000 individuals gathering in Cathedral Square to voice their opposition to the South African tour. That same day, Prime Minister David Lange announced that the Most Rev. Paul Reeves, the Archbishop of New Zealand, would assume the role of Governor-General, succeeding Sir David Beattie. These events encapsulated a period of change and social awareness in New Zealand during March 1986, highlighting both local and international matters that shaped the discourse of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860102_2_112_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860102.2.112.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504961200
5954,02,01,1986,"The Sir Basil Arthur Story (Press, 2 January 1986)","Sir Basil Arthur's life story resembles that of a classic socialist novel, showcasing his rise from humble beginnings as a fisherman to achieving high political office as the Speaker of the House in New Zealand. His journey began at the age of 16 when he worked on fishing boats, followed by various jobs including freezing worker, oil tanker driver, and construction worker. He served in the Army in Japan and Korea before becoming a member of Parliament at 32, eventually reaching the distinguished position of Cabinet Minister by 42 and becoming Speaker at 55. Arthur served as the Member of Parliament for Timaru for over two decades and was well-regarded for his deep connection with the community. At his funeral held at St Mary’s Church in Timaru, Prime Minister Lange remarked on the unique breadth of Arthur's experiences, noting that it was unlikely future Labour politicians would have such a diverse background due to the modern shift towards a more urban lifestyle where university education has become the norm for political careers. Timaru's electorate had primarily urban demographics, with about 80 per cent of its voters residing in the city amid various local industries. Arthur first entered Parliament in 1962 after unseating Rev. Clyde Carr, maintaining a solid grip on the electorate, often engaging positively with constituents during local events such as the Caroline Bay carnival. His conservative stances on social issues contrasted with the more liberal views of his successor, Jan Walker, leading to a challenging transition after his departure from office. Arthur's deep empathy and personal touch distinguished him as a respected politician. His former electorate secretary, Oliver Gavigan, highlighted how Arthur consistently made time for his constituents, ensuring their issues received a sympathetic hearing. He even adopted the practice of sending handwritten condolences to families experiencing bereavement, a suggestion from former Prime Minister Norman Kirk that resonated well within the community. Inheriting his baronetcy in 1949, Arthur was mindful of his title's potential clash with Labour Party values and chose not to flaunt it. Nevertheless, he enjoyed a steady ascent within the party, first involving himself in union activities and later standing for Parliament in various electorates before successfully securing Timaru. His decade-long tenure included significant achievements as Minister of Transport, where he was instrumental in establishing the New Zealand Shipping Corporation and introducing measures that effectively reduced road fatalities. After Labour's return to power in 1984, Arthur was appointed as the Speaker of the House, becoming the twentieth individual to hold this prestigious role since its establishment in 1854. His legacy remains a testament to his dedication to public service, the common man, and the principles that shaped his political life as a Labour politician in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860102_2_112_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860102.2.112.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504961200
5955,02,01,1986,"Timaru Shoots Into Political Spotlight... (Press, 2 January 1986)","Timaru became a focal point in New Zealand politics following the death of Sir Basil Arthur, the long-serving Labour MP, on May 1, 1986. This led to a by-election on June 15, 1986, which saw a remarkable shift in voter sentiment. National Party candidate Maurice McTigue achieved a historical victory, overturning Labour's traditionally strong majority. Opponents hailed this win as a clear endorsement of the National leadership and a rejection of the Labour Government's economic policies. Labour Prime Minister David Lange downplayed the significance of the defeat, suggesting that it was merely a fleeting decision by the voters. However, the magnitude of the swing against Labour indicated deeper discontent. At the time, the Labour Government was grappling with controversial economic policies that were causing distress within various sectors of the community, which they argued required time to implement successfully. Labour’s candidate, Jan Walker, a feminist lawyer from Rotorua, faced obstacles in appealing to an electorate accustomed to a more traditional Labour representation over the last fifty years. Her support for homosexual law reform and opposition to nuclear ship visits and the All Black tour to South Africa further alienated some voters. In contrast, National's campaign was strategic and effective, leveraging Labour's challenges. McTigue, an articulate farmer from Temuka, brought a strong political background to the contest. Throughout the campaign, Walker found herself on the defensive, as pressure mounted on Labour to justify its policies. Despite a last-minute influx of promises from the Government, such as new State houses and increased teacher numbers, these measures failed to turn the tide in Labour's favour. When the votes were counted, McTigue received 9,371 votes, defeating Walker who garnered 7,879. The New Zealand Party, led by Dr Bill Greenslade, claimed third place with 2,998 votes, while Social Credit’s candidate, Lynley Simmons, received less than half that amount. The New Zealand Party approached the campaign with a robust strategy, employing extensive advertising, but ultimately, key figures in their leadership expressed disappointment despite the positive result. Social Credit’s lacklustre performance surprised many of their supporters, with the party’s president suggesting that voters were more inclined to support National as the most viable alternative to Labour. The campaign resonated with a clear demand from the Timaru electorate for change, urging the Government to deliver tangible benefits from its policies ahead of the next General Election. The by-election results ushered in a significant shift in New Zealand's political landscape, signalling growing public dissatisfaction with the Labour Government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860102_2_112_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860102.2.112.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,504961200
5956,04,01,1986,"A.I.D.S. Spiral Forecast For N.Z. (Press, 4 January 1986)","On 4 January 1986, health authorities in New Zealand expressed concern that the number of A.I.D.S. cases would significantly rise in the coming year, potentially reaching seven to eight times the current total of 14 cases. Ms Kate Leslie, chairwoman of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, anticipated that the total could climb into the hundreds, mimicking a similar increase seen in Australia, where cases surged from 22 to 220 within a year. Leslie noted that the spread of A.I.D.S. generally followed a similar pattern across countries once the disease was established. Despite the predicted increase, Leslie indicated that New Zealand's early educational initiatives might help mitigate the impact, allowing the country to manage its situation more effectively than many others. She referenced insights from the National Institute of Health in the United States, which forecasted that A.I.D.S. would continue to spread until the year 2000, even with the potential development of effective treatments or vaccines. Among the reported cases in New Zealand, seven individuals had died from A.I.D.S., while doctors treated various conditions related to the disease, estimated to number around 20, given the lack of a central registry for such patients. Additionally, about 40 to 50 people were found to have A.I.D.S. antibodies, indicating they had been infected with the virus and posed a risk of contagion, although this did not guarantee they would develop the disease. Leslie highlighted that intravenous drug users were likely to be among the first to exhibit A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand. Needle-sharing was identified as a primary risk factor for transmission, a concern that remained as only a third of drug users attended treatment clinics. Despite these challenges, Leslie reported that significant progress had been made in countering the virus in 1985, including the establishment of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, the creation of support networks, and training programmes for volunteers in several cities. A decline in venereal diseases suggested decreased promiscuity, with more individuals opting for celibacy or monogamous relationships. Efforts to educate the public had proven successful, motivating plans for further focus on high-risk behaviours, including needle-sharing and unprotected sex. The foundation planned to send representatives to the USA for training in the Stop A.I.D.S. project, which fosters open discussions in small groups about risky sexual practices. Condoms were highlighted as an effective preventative measure against the A.I.D.S. virus in a recent study by researchers at the University of California San Francisco Medical Centre, who confirmed that the virus could not penetrate five commercially available condom brands. Leslie welcomed this finding as a significant boost for safe sex practices, commending the wider availability of condoms in New Zealand. Moving forward, the foundation aims to promote responsible sexual behaviour through education, which Leslie emphasised as crucial both to reducing A.I.D.S. cases and to combating misconceptions surrounding the disease. She noted that human behaviour, and the changes made to it, would ultimately dictate the trajectory of A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860104_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860104.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505134000
5957,04,01,1986,"Christmas (Press, 4 January 1986)","In a letter published on 4 January 1986, Kenneth Schollar responds to Mr Gardner's criticisms regarding his contributions to literary discussions, suggesting that a bit of frivolity or ""nonsense"" is often appreciated, even by the wisest individuals. Schollar defends himself and his fellow correspondents, including Mr Mulcock, asserting that their letters have never incited violence or contributed to societal issues such as crime, political failures, or legislative changes, including the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST). He dismisses any notion that his writings have interfered with the lives of others, stating that Mr Gardner's beliefs on the matter are misguided. Schollar concludes his letter by affirming his right to engage in light-hearted literary exchanges as he approaches his eighties.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860104_2_84_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860104.2.84.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505134000
6741,04,01,1986,"Voices In A Wilderness (Press, 4 January 1986)","""The Sexual Wilderness"" by Sue Kedgley, published by Reed Methuen and reviewed by Diane Prout, explores the impacts of women's quest for liberation from traditional sexual roles through a series of interviews with 12 men and 12 women. The book serves as a feminist thesis that reveals Kedgley's conclusions about the state of gender relations, indicating that they have not significantly improved over a decade of feminist activism. She attributes this ongoing discord to the need for men to reassess their attitudes towards women and their own identities. In the introductory essays, Kedgley examines aggressive media portrayals and sexist stereotypes while acknowledging the varying ideological views among women, both at home and in the workplace. She discusses lesbian separatism within a broader context of women's struggles for sexual freedom and economic independence. Kedgley focuses on the concept of ""the second wave of feminism,"" highlighting that while many women have gained a sense of equality, it has often come at a high cost. Many have attempted to adopt attributes associated with men, resulting in a new form of bondage as they juggle multiple roles as wives, mothers, and career professionals. While some case histories reveal this struggle, a consistent theme emerges: women seek emotionally fulfilling relationships, which is often hindered by the traditional mother role they've inherited through marriage. One interviewee notably expressed that their primary criterion for a partner is the man's ability to love and nurture, stressing the challenge in finding ""emotionally liberated men."" The book discusses sexual politics and power dynamics, suggesting that the historical dependence between men and women has been disrupted and questions whether a new equilibrium in sexual relationships is achievable. Kedgley posits that the full impact of feminism may take another decade to be realised. The review notes that the interviews with men provide crucial insights, as there is limited existing documentation about their perspectives. The men interviewed come from diverse backgrounds, revealing a complex tableau of emotions—confusion, resentment, and honesty—as they grapple with the ramifications of the women's movement. Kedgley acts as a catalyst for dialogue between the sexes, allowing the misunderstandings, hostilities, and deeper longings of both men and women to surface, reflecting their shared needs. Overall, Kedgley's ""The Sexual Wilderness"" presents a candid examination of the current state of gender relations, illustrating the challenges and transformations stemming from the feminist movement, while also capturing the ongoing search for emotional connection and equilibrium between men and women.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860104_2_88_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860104.2.88.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505134000
5958,07,01,1986,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 7 January 1986)","In a series of letters published on 4 and 5 January 1986, a heated exchange occurred regarding the public perception and education surrounding AIDS in New Zealand. Varian J. Wilson expressed his outrage at a phone call he received, where someone labelled his views on AIDS as ""disgusting."" He emphasised the urgency of the AIDS crisis, predicting a significant rise in cases from 14 to between 98 and 112 that year. Wilson critiqued the AIDS Foundation for focusing on education about high-risk behaviours such as needle sharing and unprotected sex, arguing that those at risk already know what to avoid and that the foundation’s efforts were misplaced. In response, Nicky Ryan countered Wilson's viewpoint by stressing that AIDS does not only affect homosexuals but poses a broader threat to society. Ryan cautioned against labelling homosexuals as outcasts, asserting this would not help in managing the disease. Instead, she suggested that bigotry and narrow-minded attitudes could hinder communal efforts to combat the epidemic. Lastly, M. Bridgeman contributed to the conversation by questioning the efficacy of condoms in preventing the transmission of the AIDS virus. Bridgeman referenced medical data suggesting a high failure rate for condoms in preventing unplanned pregnancies, leading to concerns about their reliability as a safe sex practice in the context of AIDS. The letter highlighted that if public funds were being used to counter the spread of AIDS, materials provided by the AIDS Foundation should be accurate and not misleading. Overall, these letters reflect the societal tensions surrounding AIDS awareness, education, and attitudes towards the gay community in the context of a growing health crisis during the mid-1980s in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860107_2_87_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860107.2.87.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505393200
7039,09,01,1986,"Sex Change Aucklander Assaulted By Prisoners (Press, 9 January 1986)","On 9 January 1986, a New Zealander named Shelley Reney was sentenced to 18 months in prison after being convicted of drug-related offences. Reney, aged 43, had faced significant challenges while in custody, as she was violently assaulted in prison due to her sexual identity. Her defence lawyer, David Matthias, testified in court that Reney had been subjected to a brutal attack while at Wormwood Scrubs, where she was held with male inmates after initially being remanded in Holloway women's prison. The assault left her with broken teeth from a chair leg being forced into her mouth, and she was also threatened verbally by other prisoners. Born male, Reney moved from Auckland to the UK in 1984 to undergo a sex change, and she was awaiting a second surgical operation at the time of her sentencing. The court proceedings referred to her using female pronouns, reflecting her gender identity. Reney was charged with knowingly allowing her flat in Marylebone, North London, to be used as a base for heroin distribution and for possessing cannabis. Matthias argued that prison life would be particularly harsh for Reney due to her circumstances, including the nature of her upcoming surgery. He noted that she had developed a drug addiction to cope with pain from her initial operation, leading her to steal prescriptions as a means to satisfy her cravings. The judge took these factors into consideration when reducing Reney’s initial sentence of three years to 18 months, citing her guilty plea and the difficulties she would face in prison. The judge also acknowledged her plans to return to New Zealand after her surgery, with the support of a partner named Stephen Anderson. Alongside Reney's sentencing, Anderson was also imprisoned for 12 months after pleading guilty to shoplifting, which included stealing an indoor game and a duvet. The specifics of which prison Reney would be transferred to were not disclosed in the report.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860109_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860109.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505566000
7186,10,01,1986,"Battle Continues To Contain Spread Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 10 January 1986)","On 10 January 1986, Bill Logan, spokesman for the Gay Taskforce, addressed concerns regarding the potential rise of A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand. His remarks came in response to comments from Kate Leslie, chairwoman of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, who had indicated that cases might increase into the hundreds. As of the current date, New Zealand had officially recorded 14 A.I.D.S. cases. Logan expressed optimism about New Zealand's early awareness and response to A.I.D.S., noting that the country had the opportunity to learn how to prevent its spread. He highlighted that by June 1985, 10 cases had been declared, predicting that the numbers would have typically reached 20 by now, based on standard epidemiological patterns observed elsewhere, where cases tended to double every six months. However, Logan pointed out emerging evidence suggesting that this doubling trend was beginning to slow down in New Zealand. With only 14 cases reported, this figure was significantly lower than anticipated. He indicated that based on projections, one might have expected 40 cases by the coming June, 80 by the end of 1986, and 160 by June 1987. Despite these expectations, Logan believed that the projected escalation would now be less severe. Logan emphasised that while it seemed inevitable that the total number of cases would eventually rise into the hundreds, maintaining the total at ""low hundreds"" would be considered a significant achievement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860110_2_74_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860110.2.74.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505652400
7120,11,01,1986,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 11 January 1986)","In a letter to the editor published on 11 January 1986, Varian J. Wilson expresses strong opinions regarding homosexuality and the response to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). Wilson criticises the stereotypical perceptions of gay behaviour and rebukes supportive figures, such as Fran Wilde and Nicky Ryan, whom he accuses of misrepresenting facts and resorting to threats and harassment against those who share his views. He contends that while homosexual individuals should not be subjected to social ostracism, those suffering from AIDS should be regarded differently due to what he describes as the potential danger they pose. Wilson advocates for the containment of AIDS sufferers, equating his views with common sense and suggesting that quarantine for terminal cases could be a necessary measure. He further accuses those who advocate for the rights of AIDS sufferers as being misguided, labelling them as ""bigots."" He claims that the public is misled about the risks associated with AIDS and argues that the perceived threat from those exhibiting what he calls ""the supporter syndrome"" is overblown compared to the health risks posed by individuals with AIDS. Overall, Wilson’s letter reflects the fears and misconceptions surrounding AIDS during the 1980s, as well as the societal divisions concerning LGBTQ+ rights and the stigma associated with the disease. His views are controversial and indicative of the broader debates occurring at that time regarding public health and homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860111_2_117_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860111.2.117.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505738800
5959,11,01,1986,"Labour Party Looks Beyond 1987 (Press, 11 January 1986)","In 1985, the Labour Party in New Zealand made significant strides towards its ambition of becoming the ""natural party of Government."" This progress can be attributed to both the inaction of its political opponents and the effectiveness of Labour's own initiatives. Prime Minister David Lange formally articulated this objective recently, having first hinted at it in a private paper by Under-secretary for Trade and Industry, Peter Neilson, in April 1985. Neilson described the Labour Party's free-market economic policy as the ""glue"" binding the party's diverse coalition, expressing confidence that if the policy was successful, Labour could maintain power for two or three elections. Public opinion polls reflect this advancement, showing Labour consistently ahead of the National Party by 14 to 19 points. Although criticisms have arisen regarding the polling process, the central question remains valid: whom would voters choose if an election were held on polling day? The frequency of polls indicates Labour’s popularity amidst noticeable disarray within the National Party, which faces issues such as weak leadership and internal conflicts, including criticisms related to the ""loans affair."" Despite these problems, the National Party's support has slightly increased from its 1984 election night performance. Labour's substantial lead is attributed largely to its widespread policy support and its proactive stance that has undermined third parties, which have historically garnered significant voter support. In the past two decades, third parties like Social Credit, Values, and the New Zealand Party have collectively influenced many elections. However, Labour has managed to attract the support of these voters, who were previously disillusioned with traditional parties and sought major changes in governance. Labour has benefited from favourable circumstances, including economic restructuring that has, so far, been less painful than anticipated, as well as the persistent nuclear and A.N.Z.U.S. debates that have kept its loyal base intact. Various attention-grabbing issues, such as adult adoption information and homosexual law reforms, have also drawn public focus away from more pressing but less engaging concerns, such as economic stability and unemployment. By the end of 1985, Labour had significantly advanced towards its goal but needed ongoing favourable conditions in 1986 to maintain this momentum. Key uncertainties loom regarding the impact of the Goods and Services Tax on inflation, low export prices on the economy, unemployment rates, interest rates, and the effectiveness of the National Party's opposition should it manage to reorganise. While Labour has achieved considerable progress since its election in July 1984, the challenges ahead will determine if it can secure its long-term objective.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860111_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860111.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505738800
5960,14,01,1986,"A.I.D.S. Publicity (Press, 14 January 1986)","In a letter published on 14 January 1986, Varian J. Wilson criticises the predictions regarding the rise of A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand and Australia, arguing that such predictions are based on unfounded guesswork. He challenges claims made by Kate Leslie from the A.I.D.S. Foundation and Bill Ryan from the Gay Taskforce about the expected increase in A.I.D.S. cases, stating that the real issue lies in the failure of the homosexual community to heed advice on safe sex practices and drug use. Wilson suggests that A.I.D.S. has likely been present for years but has gained attention only due to changes in societal behaviours among homosexuals, which he believes have exacerbated the issue. B. Butcher, responding to a previous report in ""The Press"" that cited 220 cases of A.I.D.S. in Australia, clarifies that the actual number is around 150 and asserts that the rate of A.I.D.S. cases has slowed in Australia, contrary to initial fears of a mass epidemic. He cites improvements in education and changes in sexual practices, particularly within the gay community, as factors contributing to the slowed rate of increase. Butcher expresses hope that New Zealand could replicate these actions to keep A.I.D.S. cases at bay, estimating that the number could realistically be no more than 50 by the end of 1986, rather than the 100 previously projected.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860114_2_105_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860114.2.105.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,505998000
5961,15,01,1986,"The Press Wednesday, January 15, 1986. Pandering... (Press, 15 January 1986)","On 15 January 1986, a report in The Press discussed the Health Department's consideration of making needles and syringes more accessible to drug addicts as part of its campaign to combat the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This initiative stems from the understanding that drug addicts frequently share contaminated needles, which significantly contributes to the transmission of AIDS, ranking second only to transmission through homosexual acts. The Health Department's advisory committee on AIDS supports this proposal, suggesting that easy access to clean needles could mitigate needle-sharing among users. Despite substantial financial investments in public health campaigns aimed at educating at-risk populations, there is growing controversy over whether the government should assist drug addicts in illegal activities, essentially enabling their decline. The department acknowledges the legal implications of this strategy and seeks clarification on current laws restricting possession of needles for illicit drug use, with discussions about potential legal amendments underway. However, critics question the efficacy of such a programme. Evidence from similar initiatives in Britain suggests that they have not only failed to reduce AIDS transmission but may have exacerbated the drug issue, despite some unrelated contributing factors. Many argue that the principle of enabling drug use is flawed, especially given the dangers associated with contaminated illegal drugs. Some proponents of this strategy may need to consider supplying officially sanctioned pure drugs, which raises further ethical concerns about public health and morality. In New Zealand, strict measures in place—such as controlled blood transfusions—have resulted in a low risk of AIDS exposure for the general population, which consists primarily of identifiable at-risk groups. It is suggested that these individuals should already be aware of how to protect themselves from the disease. Dr John Holden from the Health Department has stated that the department does not wish to be perceived as promoting drug abuse or illegality. Critics contend that providing needles to drug addicts is a clear indication of such encouragement and argue against the government's potential role in facilitating illegal drug use.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860115_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860115.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,506084400
5962,18,01,1986,"Addicts And A.I.D.S. (Press, 18 January 1986)","A letter to the editor from L. A. H. Bogren criticises the New Zealand Government's approach to moral issues, particularly focusing on its support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which aims to decriminalise sodomy. Bogren accuses the Government of ignoring traditional moral standards, citing the Health Department's consideration of providing more access to needles and syringes for drug addicts to prevent the spread of AIDS. The letter expresses outrage at what Bogren perceives as a ""bleeding-heart liberal"" agenda, suggesting that such measures are misguided and proposing absurd alternatives, like holiday camps for violent offenders or free condoms for homosexuals. Bogren urges Prime Minister David Lange and his colleagues to reconsider their stance on morality, referencing the Ten Commandments as a standard that should still hold relevance in contemporary society. The letter reflects a strong opposition to liberal social policies and a call for a return to traditional values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860118_2_120_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860118.2.120.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,506343600
5963,18,01,1986,"Successful Pursuits Of Shakespeare (Press, 18 January 1986)","The literary competition hosted by ""The Press"" invited readers to identify the sources of various Shakespearean quotes, leading to nearly 20 correct entries. Many participants found enjoyment in reading Shakespeare during the holiday season, highlighting the pleasurable experience it provided. The competition, initially announced on December 28, 1985, culminated in the awarding of book vouchers worth $20 each to the first five correct entries. These winners included Penelope C. Armstrong, Jeanette M. King, Graham F. Smart from Picton, L. Gray, and Alan Tunnicliffe. Additional correct entries were submitted by various individuals. The sources of the quotes identified in the competition varied widely, with some reflecting contemporary New Zealand life and societal issues. For example, one quote related to leisurely activities on a Saturday afternoon in New Zealand, extracted from ""Twelfth Night,"" while another addressed the topic of rugby, taken from a sonnet. The compilation captured the essence of local experiences through a Shakespearean lens, with references to topics such as sports, societal roles, and even international relations. For instance, quotes addressed current events like the leaving of A.N.Z.U.S., intertwined with Shakespearean wisdom, showcasing a connection between the playwright's insights and modern-day issues. Other entries creatively referenced local matters, such as rugby and cricket, reflecting cultural practices in New Zealand. Overall, this competition not only engaged Shakespeare enthusiasts but also creatively blended classical literature with the context of 1986 New Zealand, demonstrating the timeless relevance of Shakespeare's works in understanding and articulating contemporary realities. The wealth of responses illustrated a deep appreciation for literature and the ability to draw parallels between historical texts and everyday life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860118_2_124_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860118.2.124.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,506343600
7066,22,01,1986,"‘Wild Cabbage’ To Begin 1986 (Press, 22 January 1986)","The Court Theatre in New Zealand is launching its 1986 programme with an exciting lineup of productions following the refurbishment of its Court 2 theatre. The season kicks off with the show ""Wild Cabbage,"" written by James Beaumont, renowned as a standout New Zealand play presented in Wellington the previous year. The narrative centres on a cabbage farming family in the 1950s, including quirky characters such as Barbie Doll Girl and Devout Lout, under the watchful eyes of unconventional angels. The unique staging of the play will utilise the entire theatre as a performance space, featuring impressive costumes and choreography, while also touching on serious themes, distinguished from the more traditional naturalist approach common in New Zealand theatre. Beaumont is set to provide guidance to the cast, which includes talents like Yvonne Martin and Peter Elliott, and it will be directed by Judd Millner with set design by Michael Hodgson. The performance premieres on 22 February 1986. Following ""Wild Cabbage,"" the first play at Court 1 will be ""Jumpers"" by Tom Stoppard. This play combines elements of the detective genre with philosophy, as George Moore, a struggling philosopher, attempts to address the existence of God amidst a murder mystery involving his wife, Dotty. Directed by Alex Gilchrist, this intriguing narrative includes themes of infidelity and unexpected connections. On 1 April 1986, Tina Howe's ""Painting Churches"" is scheduled to open at Court 2. The play delves into the complexities of family dynamics as a painter returns home to create portraits of her elderly parents at a tumultuous time in their lives. This work, which received the New York critics’ award in 1983, explores the generational understanding between parents and their child. Elric Hooper, the artistic director of the Court, will direct ""Pravda,"" a satirical look at the newspaper industry, set to open at Court 1 on 5 April. Written by Howard Brenton and David Hare, the play follows the journey of a young newspaper editor and critiques the capitalist press, culminating in a powerful line that cautions the audience about the ""foundry of lies."" After ""Pravda,"" the theatre will feature ""Torch Song Trilogy,"" by Harvey Fierstein, showcasing the life of Arnold, a drag queen. This trilogy, which has garnered multiple American critics’ awards, employs varied stage techniques across its three parts, blending drama with musical elements. In May, Stephen Sondheim's acclaimed ""Sweeney Todd"" will be staged, retelling the dark tale of a barber who enacts his revenge on corrupt authority through an eerie narrative involving murder and meat pies. As a sung-through musical thriller, it promises to provide a chilling experience for audiences. This 1986 season at the Court Theatre brings a mix of innovative storytelling and traditional narratives, promising an engaging array of performances for theatre enthusiasts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860122_2_142_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860122.2.142.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,506689200
5964,22,01,1986,"Gay Bashing In ’frisco Rising (Press, 22 January 1986)","In January 1986, the case of John Dennis O'Connell, a gay activist who died following a violent attack in San Francisco, drew significant attention to the rising incidents of violence against homosexuals in the city. O'Connell was assaulted by a group of men who targeted him specifically because of his sexual orientation, resulting in his death ten days later from a severe concussion after his head struck the curb during the attack. This incident has been described as part of a disturbing trend of ""gay bashing,"" which advocates and police have been trying to combat despite apparent increases in such violence. Authorities recorded at least 237 violent attacks against homosexuals in San Francisco in the previous year, according to a local gay rights group. Paul Seidler, the police liaison with the gay community, pointed out that many of the assailants were not from the city and came specifically to target homosexuals. The assaults sometimes stemmed from a broader resentment against the gay community within the local population, with some perpetrators blaming homosexuals for the AIDS epidemic. Randy Schell, a counsellor with Community United Against Violence, shared the fear experienced by many in the gay community, highlighting that the perception of homosexuals as weak and easy victims was gradually changing, as more individuals began to resist their attackers and pursue legal action. In the O'Connell case, the four men responsible for his murder were given significant prison sentences after being convicted of second-degree murder and other assaults carried out that night, emphasizing the seriousness of the crimes committed in a ""homophobic rage."" The assailants, aged 21 to 23, had travelled from Vallejo, California, with the intent to attack gay men and were described by witnesses shouting slurs before the assault on O'Connell. After attacking him, they continued their spree, assaulting three other men they suspected to be homosexuals, with one suffering severe injuries requiring stitches. Despite increased awareness and some prosecutions, many attacks against members of the gay community go unreported due to fear and embarrassment, as noted by Carmen Vazquez, a statistician for Community United Against Violence. The increase in reported assaults—from 149 in the first nine months of 1984 to 237 in the same period in 1985—indicates a troubling rise in violence, further compounding the challenges faced by those in the LGBTQ+ community in San Francisco. The issue of violent assaults targeting homosexuals remains a significant concern, raising questions about public safety and the need for continued advocacy and protection for vulnerable groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860122_2_90_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860122.2.90.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,506689200
5965,23,01,1986,"Addicts And A.I.D.S. (Press, 23 January 1986)","In a letter dated January 1986, Paul Maling responds to L. A. H. Bogren's commentary regarding the Ten Commandments and their relation to homosexuality. Maling argues that the Ten Commandments do not explicitly forbid or reference homosexuality, countering Bogren’s implication. He asserts that both homosexuality and heterosexuality are valid expressions of personal identity. Citing Professor Morton Smith's scholarly work, “The Secret Gospel,” Maling discusses ideas surrounding Jesus' baptism and suggests that it may have involved elements of physical union. He notes that Jesus did not condemn homosexuality but rather encapsulated the essence of the Commandments in the principles of loving God and one’s neighbour as oneself. Maling concludes that the most direct expression of love between men can be seen in homosexual relationships, thereby advocating for a broader understanding of love and acceptance within religious contexts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860123_2_100_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860123.2.100.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,506775600
5966,25,01,1986,"Addicts And A.I.D.S. (Press, 25 January 1986)","In letters published on 25 January 1986, two individuals expressed contrasting viewpoints regarding societal attitudes towards homosexuality and the AIDS epidemic in New Zealand. G. H. Duggan, writing in response to Paul Malling's description of Morton Smith's book, “The Secret Gospel,” criticises the book for its lack of scholarly rigor. Duggan argues that Smith's interpretations are based on flimsy hypotheses rather than solid evidence. He refers to an enigmatic passage in the Gospel of Mark concerning a young man who escapes capture by fleeing naked, suggesting that Smith concludes this event was linked to a baptismal ceremony, which Duggan finds speculative. Furthermore, Duggan contends that despite Jesus not explicitly condemning homosexual activity, the context of the Mosaic law—which prohibits it under severe penalties—means that the immorality of such acts was already understood. He cites St Paul’s explicit condemnation of homosexual acts in Romans as further evidence of societal views on the matter. On the other hand, P. Spence takes a broader and more compassionate stance regarding the societal perception of people with AIDS and drug addiction. Spence criticises New Zealanders for their ignorance and denial of the AIDS crisis, particularly when it affects groups they do not personally identify with. He highlights that various minority groups face discrimination and stigma, which hinders understanding and compassion for their struggles. Spence urges society to adopt a more empathetic approach, stressing that AIDS does not exclusively target homosexuals or drug users, but can affect anyone. He calls for enlightened thinking and kindness, emphasising the need for a societal response that prioritises compassion over moral judgement in addressing the AIDS epidemic. Together, the letters reflect a complex conversation about morality, societal attitudes, and the need for awareness and understanding in the face of public health issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860125_2_114_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860125.2.114.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,506948400
5967,28,01,1986,"Conservative Links (Press, 28 January 1986)","On 28 January 1986, discussions about establishing a closer relationship between the Sunday Club and the Concerned Citizens Association emerged following meetings across New Zealand. Mr Bert Walker, the spokesman for the Sunday Club, highlighted that both organisations shared similar perspectives on key issues including homosexual law reform, militant feminism, the inclusion of peace studies in educational curricula, and concerns regarding law and order. A significant number of members from both groups expressed strong opposition to the proposed homosexual law reform and voiced worries about the rapid progression of the reform bill through Parliament. To further their alignment, additional meetings between the two groups are planned for the upcoming year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860128_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860128.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,507207600
6742,29,01,1986,"Narain Says Charges Trumped (Press, 29 January 1986)","On 29 January 1986, Armit Lal Narain, a 50-year-old New Zealand-born Indian faith healer and leader of a religious commune, faced serious legal troubles in Sydney. He was wanted for unlawful detention, assault, and kidnapping, charges which he claimed were fabricated by a former commune member, Nell Grace Arnitt, after he evicted her from the community. The allegations stemmed from incidents that reportedly occurred in New Zealand in 1983 and 1985. Narain was apprehended under a provisional warrant from the New Zealand police on a Saturday prior to the court appearance, with the Waverley Local Court in Sydney hearing the case shortly thereafter. During the proceedings, it was alleged that Narain had abused Arnitt by threatening her with a hot poker, physically assaulting her, and confining her in a pit. Furthermore, he was accused of neglecting her medical needs, particularly during her struggles with epilepsy, and subjecting her to harsh treatment, including forcing her into a pool while she was having a seizure. The prosecution indicated that Narain may have fled New Zealand in December 1984 to evade these charges and asserted that he could influence witnesses given his previous control over commune members. Prosecutors recounted multiple additional charges awaiting Narain in New Zealand, including counts of illegal detention, assault, cruelty to children, indecent assault, and more. These claims were supported by testimonies from former members of the commune, as well as independent witnesses. In his defence, Narain's lawyer, Roth Wall, portrayed the charges as unfounded, stemming from personal vendettas related to Arnitt's alleged lesbian relationship with another commune member—a relationship that reportedly led to her eviction. Wall asserted that some family members of the women involved were willing to testify in support of Narain, arguing that the accusations were part of a long-standing political and media campaign against him since he had previously exposed corruption involving a high-ranking official from the Maori Affairs Department. Narain was granted bail set at AS$20,000 ($27,000) by Magistrate Mr Henderson, with the condition that he report daily to the police and surrender his passport. He was ordered to return to court on 4 February 1986 when a decision on his extradition to New Zealand would be made. Despite the turmoil surrounding him, Narain expressed a willingness to return to New Zealand when required, insisting that he did not wish to leave Australia until then due to reported death threats against him. He maintained that he was the target of a sustained campaign of discrimination and violence because of his influence among his followers, many of whom were Māori.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860129_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860129.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,507294000
7686,30,01,1986,"Addicts And A.i.d.s. (Press, 30 January 1986)","In a letter published on 30 January 1986, Vernon Wilkinson responds to P. Spence’s previous commentary regarding A.I.D.S. and homosexuality. Wilkinson asserts that official American statistics indicate over 98 per cent of A.I.D.S. cases transmitted through sexual contact are linked to homosexuality, specifically sodomy. He argues that there are medical explanations for the fact that A.I.D.S. is not generally transmitted through normal heterosexual relations. Wilkinson dismisses claims that differences in lifestyle or the legalisation of homosexuality would lead to better control of the A.I.D.S. epidemic as unfounded speculation. He expresses concern that legalising sodomy poses an ""appalling risk"" and urges those in favour to consider the potential reaction from the wider community as well as their own moral considerations. Wilkinson emphasises the unique nature of the situation surrounding A.I.D.S. and advocates for thorough research based on recent experiences before making any legislative changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860130_2_93_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860130.2.93.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,507380400
5968,31,01,1986,"Christian Meetings (Press, 31 January 1986)","In a letter published on 31 January 1986, M. Davey responds to the arguments made by S. Mannix and H. G. Oram, both supporters of the Christian perspective. Davey contends that the serious demeanor of Christians, as illustrated by their heavy reliance on biblical quotations, suggests a lack of happiness among them. He argues that Christianity, like other religions such as Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, and Islam, is merely one of many belief systems and that Jesus should be viewed in the same light as other historical figures, including Marx. Davey advocates for a more light-hearted and compassionate approach to human interactions, suggesting that if society could move past religious divisions and debates—such as those related to the A.I.D.S. crisis and homosexual law reforms—people would be able to connect more deeply with one another. He cites Carl Sagan's assertion that when viewed from a sufficiently broad perspective, all humans share common ground, implying that inclusivity and mutual understanding could elevate humanity as a whole.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860131_2_110_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860131.2.110.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,507466800
7121,01,02,1986,"How To Make A Million In Dire Straits (Press, 1 February 1986)","Dire Straits, one of the most acclaimed rock bands, is currently on the final leg of their extensive world tour, which has involved nearly 270 performances across 25 countries. The band's founder and guitarist, Mark Knopfler, expressed that touring is akin to going to war, as it involves parting from loved ones. The tour began in Israel in May 1985 and is set to conclude on March 30, 1986, in Darwin, Northern Australia. Despite experiencing several lineup changes since their inception, Knopfler and bassist John Illsley have remained at the helm of the band. Born in Glasgow in 1950, Knopfler grew up in Newcastle and had a passion for music from an early age. After pursuing a career in journalism, he left his job at the Yorkshire Evening Post in frustration after having to write hastily on the unexpected death of rock musician Jimmy Hendrix. Following his departure from journalism, Knopfler studied English Literature at university while simultaneously growing his musical career, playing in a band called Cafe Racers. The formation of Dire Straits took place in London, where Knopfler joined his brother David and bassist Illsley, along with drummer Pick Withers. The group's name was chosen unanimously, reflecting their financial struggles at the time. Their debut album, “Sultans of Swing,” achieved international success, paving the way for their subsequent financial prosperity. Since 1978, Dire Straits has sold over 17 million albums and received numerous accolades, including four platinum albums and 21 gold records. Despite their success, the band members have remained grounded and committed to charity work. In 1986, three months into their current tour, Knopfler returned to the UK charts with the band’s hit single “Money for Nothing.” This song, however, led to backlash as it included controversial lyrics that resulted in accusations of homophobia. Knopfler defended the lyrics by attributing them to a conversation he overheard in a store in New York. Knopfler's creative ventures extend beyond music. He has produced records, including Bob Dylan's “Infidels,” and composed soundtracks for films like “Local Hero” and “Cal.” He finds satisfaction in film music as it enhances another artist's vision. Throughout these experiences, Knopfler has expressed a strong sense of contentment with his life and career, stating he feels like the luckiest and happiest person. As they continue their tour, Dire Straits thrives in the global music scene, balancing their commercial success with personal happiness and artistic integrity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860201_2_111_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860201.2.111.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,507553200
5970,03,02,1986,"Film Titles Not Always A Good Clue To The Subject (Press, 3 February 1986)","On 3 February 1986, a Hollywood film quiz presented the question of what ""Kiss of the Spider Woman"" actually is. Contrary to some misconceptions, it is not a remake of a 1940s zombie movie or a Mel Brooks spoof; instead, it is a highly regarded drama featuring William Hurt as a homosexual prisoner sharing old movie plots with Raul Julia, a political prisoner, in a Brazilian jail. Despite its ambiguous title, the film has achieved significant success, earning approximately US$19.3 million (NZ$31 million) in a limited release in the United States. The article delves into the complexities of film titling, acknowledging that the names of movies have historically played a crucial role in their success. The piece references director David Selznick, who believed that a striking title combined with star power and an intriguing storyline greatly contributes to a film's success. Examples include ""Gone with the Wind"" and ""Duel in the Sun,"" which were effectively marketed due to their compelling titles. The conversation then turns to anecdotes about the sometimes arbitrary nature of title selection in the industry. For instance, Louis Mayer, the head of MGM, once assured that ""Mrs Miniver,"" despite its perplexing title, would attract audiences thanks to the star power of Greer Garson. The film went on to become a significant hit during World War II. In the present day of Hollywood, marketing has gained precedence, and film titles are subjected to rigorous scrutiny and audience testing. Jerry Weintraub, producer of ""The Karate Kid,"" described how initial doubts about the film's title arose after the movie was completed. Despite misgivings, the film generated significant box-office success, demonstrating the influence of word-of-mouth promotion. Further anecdotes highlight the struggles producers face with titles. Michael Douglas discussed his challenges with ""The China Syndrome,"" which Columbia Pictures thought might be misleading. He defended the title, believing it accurately represented the film's theme. Similarly, Irwin Winkler noted how United Artists initially rejected the title ""Rocky,"" wanting to rename it ""The Contender."" Winkler and his co-producer eventually prevailed with their choice. Jeff Katzenberg remarked on the ongoing debates around film titles across the industry, with examples like ""Beverly Hills Cop"" illustrating how certain titles, once deliberated, can become iconic. Despite the discussions, industry veterans assert that while titles are important, the ultimate success of a film hinges on its overall appeal rather than just its name. One anecdote tells of a film that performed poorly regardless of its title change from ""Speed Is of the Essence"" to ""Believe in Me,"" illustrating the point that the film's quality is the true determinant of its success.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860203_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860203.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,507726000
5969,03,02,1986,"Reform Heads Agenda Again For Govt (Press, 3 February 1986)","In an article dated 3 February 1986, Patricia Herbert reported from Wellington on the New Zealand Government's agenda for the year, highlighting a focus on reform particularly in defence, industrial relations, and the social welfare system. The anticipated reviews in these areas may not capture public interest, as the economy is expected to remain the central issue following a wave of business failures, rising unemployment, and persistently high interest rates. This situation has left the electorate increasingly anxious about the more-market approach adopted by the government. While significant structural changes in the economic landscape have been introduced, notable policies like the goods and services tax and the deregulation of banking are still pending implementation. Additionally, there are key legislative initiatives such as the Fair Trading Bill, aimed at enhancing consumer protection, and the Commerce Bill, which seeks to oversee company take-overs and mergers, that have yet to complete their legislative processes. For Finance Ministers, 1986 is expected to be a year focused on consolidation, primarily aimed at reducing the deficit and controlling inflation, shifting their role to one of being reactive rather than proactive. Parliament faces a heavy legislative workload, which includes many technical bills of limited public interest. However, several intense issues are set to arise, particularly Ms Fran Wilde's Homosexual Law Reform Bill, the Bill of Rights, and the Government's anti-nuclear bill. The latter is not likely to be finalised until the second half of the year, making it uncertain how these developments will influence New Zealand's relationship with the United States and the A.N.Z.U.S. alliance. In the realm of international relations, it is anticipated that these matters will receive less attention compared to previous 18 months, despite New Zealand's foreign policies gaining visibility both domestically and internationally. Important highlights on the foreign affairs calendar include Prime Minister David Lange's visit to China and reciprocal visits to New Zealand by prominent figures such as the Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, Queen Elizabeth II, and Pope John Paul II. On the domestic front, legislation of immediate concern to New Zealanders is set to include graduated drivers' licences, defining the legal status of children conceived through artificial insemination or in-vitro fertilisation, reforming defamation laws, regulating video censorship, and the potential approval of a State-organised lottery. These issues are expected to resonate more substantially with the public compared to the broader economic and international challenges facing the government this year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860203_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860203.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,507726000
5971,07,02,1986,"Two Films Win 22 Nominations For Oscar (Press, 7 February 1986)","On 6 February 1986, the nominees for the fifty-eighth Academy Awards were announced, highlighting a competitive year in cinema. ""The Colour Purple,"" a heart-wrenching drama exploring the life of a rural black woman, and ""Out of Africa,"" a romantic tale set in colonial Kenya, each garnered 11 nominations. They were closely followed by ""Prizzi's Honour,"" a dark comedy involving a Mafia couple, and ""Witness,"" showcasing a police chase in Amish country, which received eight nominations each. Among the notable nominations, Peter Weir was recognised as a best director contender for ""Witness."" The best actor category featured Harrison Ford (""Witness""), Jack Nicholson (""Prizzi's Honour""), James Garner (""Murphy's Romance""), William Hurt (""Kiss of the Spider Woman""), and Jon Voight (""Runaway Train""). Whoopi Goldberg made her film debut with a best actress nomination for ""The Colour Purple,"" competing against seasoned actresses Anne Bancroft (""Agnes of God""), Jessica Lange (""Sweet Dreams""), Meryl Streep (""Out of Africa""), and Geraldine Page, who was nominated for ""The Trip to Bountiful."" At 61, Page had received eight nominations without a win. Don Ameche was nominated for supporting actor for his role in ""Cocoon,"" marking his first Oscar race since starting his career in 1936. The supporting actress nominees included Oprah Winfrey and Margaret Avery both from ""The Colour Purple,"" along with Anjelica Huston from ""Prizzi's Honour."" The best direction nomination included notable figures such as John Huston, aged 79, for ""Prizzi's Honour,” and Japanese director Akira Kurosawa for ""Ran."" Notably absent from the best director nominations was Steven Spielberg, despite his film ""The Colour Purple"" being a strong favourite. The best picture nominations included ""The Colour Purple,"" ""Kiss of the Spider Woman,"" ""Out of Africa,"" ""Prizzi's Honour,"" and ""Witness."" Additional categories showcased varied talent, including original songs and screenplay adaptations. ""Miss Celie’s Blues (Sister)"" from ""The Colour Purple"" was among the nominated songs, while adaptations featured works like ""The Colour Purple,"" ""Kiss of the Spider Woman,"" and ""Out of Africa."" In technical categories, cinematography, art direction, and costume design nominated films such as ""The Colour Purple,"" ""Out of Africa,"" and ""Ran,"" reflecting the artistic accolades the films received. Documentaries and short films also featured diverse nominees, showcasing a range of storytelling techniques. Overall, the nominations for the 1986 Oscars illustrated a significant recognition of films that tackled profound themes, presented strong performances, and demonstrated exceptional cinematic achievement across various genres. The awards ceremony was anticipated to spotlight both established and emerging talents in the film industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860207_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860207.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508071600
5972,10,02,1986,"Is Nobody Safe From A.I.D.S.? (Press, 10 February 1986)","On 10 February 1986, an article from ""The Economist"" explored the dynamics of AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in America and Europe, highlighting its prevalence among certain demographics, including homosexuals, drug users, haemophiliacs, and blood transfusion recipients. The article posed questions about whether AIDS could spread to the general population, indicating that the transmission mechanisms were not straightforward. The article illustrated a hypothetical disease that could spread rapidly among a population, contrasting it with AIDS, which is much more complex. AIDS carriers can remain infectious for a lifetime, unlike typical infectious diseases with a shorter contagion period. This uniqueness makes predicting the spread of AIDS challenging. Researchers assert that casual contact, such as sharing communal items or nursing AIDS patients, carries an insignificant risk of transmission. The primary transmission routes identified include anal sex with an infected individual, sharing needles, or receiving contaminated blood transfusions. The spread of AIDS largely hinges on a critical question: how many sexual partners of an AIDS carrier might become infected? While some data indicates that heterosexual transmission exists, it has largely remained confined to individuals previously infected through other high-risk behaviours, particularly intravenous drug use. Statistics from New York revealed that the majority of drug users affected by AIDS are concentrated in that area, indicating that intravenous drug use significantly influences the epidemic's dynamics. The article dissected several studies regarding the rates of transmission through different sexual interactions. It notes that while some cases of heterosexual transmission were documented, infectivity was generally lower compared to other sexually transmitted diseases. For example, reports indicated a prevalence of infection among women married to haemophiliacs but much lower rates of transmission from male partners to female partners in normal heterosexual relationships. Research findings were presented, highlighting how transmission dynamics may vary depending on the type of sexual activity. Anal sex was deemed riskier due to thinner rectal walls which could facilitate viral entry, while vaginal intercourse appeared less conducive to transmission. An emerging understanding indicated that women might carry the virus without producing antibodies detectable by standard tests, complicating the picture further. The comparison was made against hepatitis B, with the article noting that, although AIDS is less infectious, it has a longer persistence in the population. The documented spread among the homosexual community and findings from studies suggest that, while AIDS might be harder to contract than hepatitis B, it could spread through similar risky behaviours. The article concluded that the risk of heterosexual transmission might align with observed patterns in transmitting diseases like hepatitis B, suggesting a need for public health vigilance, particularly regarding high-risk behaviours, while maintaining a focus on demographic factors that influence the transmission of AIDS. The upcoming article was expected to delve into AIDS in the context of African populations and the disease’s implications for heterosexual transmission globally.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860210_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860210.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508330800
5973,11,02,1986,"A.I.D.S., Africa, And Heterosexuals (Press, 11 February 1986)","On 11 February 1986, “The Economist” published an in-depth examination of the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.), tracing its origins and transmission patterns, particularly in Africa. The article suggests that A.I.D.S. likely began in Africa, emerging predominantly as a heterosexual disease, and is now spreading from a core area located between eastern Zaire and western Uganda, where infection rates may stand at one in ten. The situation in Rwanda seems particularly dire, with alarming data collected by Belgian scientists indicating that approximately 18 per cent of hospital workers and 17.5 per cent of young adults in Kigali have antibodies for the virus. Furthermore, 10 per cent of blood donors in Rwanda are infected, and the scientists suspect that heterosexual contact, especially with prostitutes, is the primary means of transmission. Investigations revealed that societal norms, such as a high age of first marriage and sexual abstinence after childbirth, might push men towards prostitution, thus increasing the risk of infection. Records from Nairobi indicated a worrying increase in the number of infected prostitutes, suggesting a growing crisis. However, the article notes other views regarding the spread of A.I.D.S., proposing that conditions like gonorrhea and syphilis could exacerbate transmission through physical lesions. There’s also a discussion on the reuse of hypodermic needles among sex workers, which could contribute to the spread, but the correlation between needle use and infection appears less pronounced than that of sexual behaviour. The narrative shifts towards the understanding of A.I.D.S.'s transmission dynamics. The number of sexual partners one might have plays a crucial role in the potential growth of an epidemic. Dr Douglas Feldman from New York University reported that modern practices among prostitutes, such as insisting on condom use, could help mitigate the spread. However, his studies in Rwanda revealed a concerning gap in knowledge about the virus, as many were unaware of the main method of its transmission. The article also deliberates on the origins of the A.I.D.S. virus, postulating that it may have evolved from a similar virus found in particular monkeys, given the genetic similarities. Although early blood samples from Africa suggest traces of the disease predating the widespread outbreak, it remains uncertain if A.I.D.S. was a rare presence before 1978 or if it sporadically arose from animal sources. Current research supports the notion that many Africans might be reacting to a benign version of the virus from monkeys rather than the harmful human version, which raises questions about the dynamics of immunity in the population. Ultimately, the article presents a landscape where A.I.D.S. could serve as a predictor of future health challenges in urban settings globally, suggesting an urgent need for increased awareness and effective public health campaigns, specifically around the use of condoms to curb transmission rates and combat the disease's spread.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860211_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860211.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508417200
7600,11,02,1986,"Council’s View On Cert. (Press, 11 February 1986)","On 11 February 1986, members of the Christchurch Polytechnic Council expressed their disapproval of a proposal to teach Sixth Form Certificate subjects at the polytechnic. The council convened for a meeting where they reviewed an Education Department memorandum that advocated for certain subjects to be offered at technical institutes. This recommendation stemmed from the department's concern over adult learners who, unable to attend secondary school, sought to gain their Sixth Form Certificate qualifications. The Education Department's suggestion was aimed at addressing the needs of these adults by allowing technical institutions to provide Sixth Form Certificate subjects when they were not available through high school evening classes. However, the polytechnic's director, Mr John Hercus, firmly opposed this idea. He noted that the polytechnic had moved its secondary education responsibilities to Hagley High School eighteen years earlier and had no plans to reintroduce secondary teaching at the polytechnic. In response to the Education Department's proposal, the council put forward an alternative solution. They proposed that the first two stages of New Zealand certificate courses should be acknowledged as equivalent to School Certificate and Sixth Form Certificate qualifications. Currently, students who earn a School Certificate or a Sixth Form Certificate automatically receive credit for stage one and stage two of the New Zealand certificate courses, but the current system does not recognise these qualifications in reverse. The council's suggestions reflect their commitment to maintaining the polytechnic's focus and educational framework while still addressing the educational needs of adult learners.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860211_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860211.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508417200
6945,13,02,1986,"The Great 'dynasty' Secret Will Be Revealed At... (Press, 13 February 1986)","The highly anticipated sixth season of the popular soap opera ""Dynasty"" is set to premiere on 13 February 1986, unveiling the aftermath of a dramatic and violent attack during the royal wedding of Amanda Carrington and Prince Michael in Moldavia. As the Carrington and Colby families gathered for the ceremony, a group of terrorists launched an assault, resulting in bloodshed and casualties among the guests. Fans will find out who survived this harrowing event during the episode airing at 8.30pm on channel Two. While the details of the survivors have been closely guarded, speculation suggests that characters Luke Fuller, Lady Ashley, and King Galen may not have survived the attack. King Galen's potential death could pave the way for Prince Michael to ascend to the throne, thereby making Amanda a queen and Alexis, played by Joan Collins, the queen mother. A notable absence from the royal wedding was Sammy Jo, Stephen Carrington’s ex-wife, portrayed by Heather Locklear, who is busy in New York attempting to claim her late father's fortune. Fans can expect her return in the new season, though Locklear remains in the dark about her character’s direction, jokingly suggesting that Sammy Jo might end up as a transvestite. Another shocking twist involves the character Fallon, who was previously believed to be dead after a plane crash two seasons ago. It has been revealed that this was a case of mistaken identity, and the character will be played by Emma Samms in a recast, succeeding Pamela Sue Martin. The show’s production team has taken steps to ensure continuity, including altering a portrait of Fallon in the living room to represent Samms. Returning cast members include Linda Evans as Krystle and John Forsythe as Blake, maintaining the series' core dynamics. As ""Dynasty"" embarks on this new season, it promises to deliver intrigue, drama, and unexpected turns, engaging its audience with fresh storylines while building upon established narratives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860213_2_126_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860213.2.126.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508590000
5976,17,02,1986,"A.I.D.S. Antibodies In Saliva (Press, 17 February 1986)","Researchers have discovered antibodies to the HIV virus in the saliva of individuals with AIDS, potentially providing explanations for why the disease is not transmitted through kissing or other forms of saliva contact. The findings also pave the way for the development of simpler saliva-based screening tests as an alternative to blood tests for detecting exposure to the virus. Historically, while the HIV virus has been occasionally found in the saliva of some AIDS patients, no evidence has substantiated transmission through saliva, with sexual intercourse and the injection of contaminated blood remaining the primary modes of transmission. Dr David Archibald from the Harvard School of Public Health highlighted that the presence of antibodies could mean that the saliva's natural germ-fighting properties are deactivating the virus, rendering it non-infectious. The study examined 93 individuals and revealed that 70 per cent of AIDS victims and 93 per cent of individuals with AIDS-related complex (ARC) had antibodies present in their saliva. Additionally, 45 per cent of sexual partners of AIDS and ARC sufferers, as well as 22 per cent of healthy homosexual men, also exhibited these antibodies, while none were found in a control group of 20 individuals classified as low-risk for AIDS. Dr Jerome Groopman, a co-author of the study, noted a disparity in findings, as another study indicated that only 1 per cent of homosexual men with HIV antibodies had the virus in their saliva. This raises questions about the virus's detectability in saliva, as Dr Archibald suggested that it might be bound to antibodies, thus making it harder to identify through current testing methodologies. Despite the antibodies being present in both saliva and blood, Dr Archibald posited that the saliva version might be more effective in neutralising the virus, a phenomenon he hopes to explore in future research. These antibodies indicate a prior exposure to the virus and do not always suggest a progression to AIDS. The implications of this research are significant, as it opens the door for developing new, potentially cheaper, and easier screening methods that could be especially beneficial in developing regions. Dr Archibald even suggested that home testing for AIDS could become feasible, although current technology does not permit this outside of laboratory environments. This study was published in the journal ""Blood,"" reflecting ongoing efforts to enhance understanding and testing of the AIDS virus and to improve public health responses to the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860217_2_186.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860217.2.186,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508935600
5974,17,02,1986,"A.I.D.S. Drug Still Years Away, Says Expert (Press, 17 February 1986)","A leading American expert, Dr. Paul Volberding, has indicated that a drug aimed at aiding A.I.D.S. sufferers is still several years away and will not be a cure but rather a treatment requiring lifelong administration. Speaking at Britain’s first significant A.I.D.S. conference in Newcastle, England, Dr. Volberding highlighted the challenges in creating an effective antiviral drug that possesses minimal serious side effects. He underscored that approximately 25,000 cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.) have been reported globally since the disease was first identified in the United States five years prior. At the conference, British experts discussed the demographics most affected by the disease, noting that it primarily spread among young homosexual men, haemophiliacs, and drug addicts, all of whom face unique risks due to blood contact with the virus. However, they also warned of the potential for a broader outbreak, as A.I.D.S. severely compromises the immune system, making individuals vulnerable to cancers and other infections. Dr. Volberding, who directs the A.I.D.S. clinic at San Francisco General Hospital, stated, “Our first success will come when we develop an antiviral drug. It will be several years at least before anything effective is found.” He explained that beyond a certain stage of A.I.D.S., the body’s immune defences might be irreparably damaged, meaning that while no drug will eliminate the infection, a treatment regimen would be necessary to inhibit the virus HTLV-3 from replicating within the body. One of the challenges cited in developing an effective treatment was the historical difficulty in achieving success with antiviral drugs; for instance, science has yet to determine an effective antiviral for influenza. Dr. Volberding emphasised that patients are unlikely to take medication that induces unpleasant side effects, particularly if they do not feel unwell. He advocated for the necessity of a drug that has no cumulative side effects over time, as it would need to be taken indefinitely. ""I think compliance could be a terrific problem,"" he remarked. In recent discussions, two doctors from the United States projected that anywhere between 100,000 and one million Americans could potentially develop A.I.D.S.-related brain disorders in the next 15 years, highlighting the ongoing urgency of addressing this public health crisis as research continues into effective treatments and preventative measures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860217_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860217.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508935600
5975,17,02,1986,"Spread Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 17 February 1986)","A letter to the editor dated 11 February 1986, authored by Varian J. Wilson, critiques articles from ""The Economist"" regarding the AIDS epidemic. Wilson expresses concern over the portrayal of statistics related to AIDS in the articles, which state that 78.5 per cent of infected males identified as homosexual, while only 0.2 per cent were heterosexually infected. He labels the articles as lacking substance, filled with conjectures rather than solid facts, and criticises ""The Economist"" for its perceived reputation as a prestigious journal. Wilson highlights a particular assertion from the articles, which claim that most scientists believe AIDS originated in Africa and is predominantly a heterosexual disease there. He points out that the articles rely on anecdotal evidence from a Dr Feldman, who gathered opinions from New York prostitutes about condom use, and conducted a limited survey of 33 individuals in Rwanda. Wilson further criticises the inclusion of various unnamed researchers, particularly those studying monkeys, which he deems irrelevant. He brings attention to a specific mention of Senegal, which allegedly has no cases of AIDS, questioning the credibility of the sources cited. Additionally, Wilson notes that the articles fail to address the alarming number of deaths resulting from AIDS. He takes issue with the speculative nature of the articles, citing an opening line that encourages imaginative thinking and concluding with uncertain comparisons about the patterns of AIDS spread among heterosexual and homosexual populations. His closing remarks express frustration towards the scientific community, asserting that it is misguided to seek honest insights from homosexuals or those he describes as having psychological issues. Wilson’s letter encapsulates a broader skepticism toward the handling of information surrounding AIDS, particularly in relation to the narratives being presented by reputable publications.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860217_2_99_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860217.2.99.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,508935600
6946,18,02,1986,"Returning Seven Years On (Press, 18 February 1986)","""Return to Eden,"" the highly rated mini-series that first aired in New Zealand in August 1984, is set to return as a full 22-episode series. The show focuses on four key characters, with Rebecca Gilling and James Smillie reprising their roles as Stephanie Harper and Dan Marshall, respectively. Seven years after the events of the mini-series, Stephanie has become a successful and glamorous head of Harper Mining, married to Dan, the plastic surgeon who cared for her after she was attacked by a crocodile. Notably absent from this series are James Reyne, who portrayed Stephanie's husband Grey Marsden, and Wendy Hughes, who played her best friend. Their characters played a pivotal role in the original mini-series, as they conspired to have Stephanie devoured by crocodiles, leading to Marsden's demise. In this new series, Peta Toppano, known for her role in ""Prisoner,"" takes on the character of Jilly Stewart, replacing Hughes. British actor Danial Abinerie, famed for his portrayal of the transvestite Dr Frank 'n Furter in ""The Rocky Horror Show,"" joins the cast as a charismatic and merciless corporate pirate. The series embraces a notably flamboyant and glamorous aesthetic, exploring themes common in night-time soap operas like ""Dallas"" and ""Dynasty."" Numerous ambitious components define this production, as producer Hal McElroy has positioned ""Return to Eden"" for global distribution, with a staggering sales figure nearing $4 million. The series' budget, estimated at $8 million, marks it as one of the most ambitious and expensive television projects produced in Australia. A significant portion of the budget, over $2 million, has been allocated to creating lavish sets, acquiring a range of imported cars, and styling with high-end designer clothing. With its mix of drama, intrigue, and high production values, ""Return to Eden"" aims to captivate audiences once again, building on its original success while taking the storyline to new heights. Viewers can expect a blend of melodrama and glamour that has become synonymous with the genre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860218_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860218.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,509022000
7687,21,02,1986,"The Moral Right (Press, 21 February 1986)","In a letter to the editor published on 21 February 1986, Neville M. Rush expresses his concerns regarding Michael Hawthorne's claims made in an article in ""The Press"" on 15 February. Rush argues that Hawthorne's statements lack a solid foundation and are largely influenced by media commentary, which he believes often distorts the truth about religious matters. He defends Bert Walker's remarks about the Sunday Club, insisting that they did not imply any connection to the ""Coalition,"" contrary to some newspaper interpretations. Rush encourages Hawthorne to consult with leaders from the Coalition for a clearer understanding of the situation. Additionally, he highlights the significance of a petition signed by 835,000 individuals against the legalisation of sodomy, suggesting that it represents the views of the ordinary New Zealander.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860221_2_95_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860221.2.95.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,509281200
7688,25,02,1986,"The Richardson Approach (Press, 25 February 1986)","On 25 February 1986, several letters to the editor discussing Ruth Richardson's proposals regarding the Welfare State in New Zealand were published. The letters illustrated a deep division of opinion among readers regarding Richardson's philosophy of advocating personal responsibility and reducing reliance on state support. M. F. O'Brien expressed strong support for Richardson, commending her courage to challenge the entrenched welfare mentality in New Zealand. O’Brien contended that the massive bureaucracy promotes dependency and waste, leading to increased crime. He called for the National Party to adopt her ideas for a better future. Conversely, Alex Hoggan fiercely opposed Richardson's views, labelling them as detrimental to true liberal values. Hoggan pointed out that Richardson's attacks on vulnerable groups, such as the elderly and single mothers, were particularly distressing given her privileged background. He urged for the return of Sir Robert Muldoon’s leadership, arguing that he genuinely cared about everyday citizens. Gray Henderson took a more critical stance, suggesting that Richardson's proposals were muddled and ineffective, equating her leadership with past political failures. Henderson also highlighted a moral dissonance in Richardson’s approach, implying it was out of touch with the complexities of social issues. J. Turner defended Richardson, arguing her stance on self-reliance was not regressive but a necessary response to contemporary societal challenges. Turner reiterated the importance of encouraging independence and responsibility as fundamental to mental health, dismissing criticisms that her approach would relive the past horrors of the Victorian era. R. L. Pluck commended the media's role in exposing Richardson’s policies, suggesting that she could emerge as a significant political figure akin to Britain's Margaret Thatcher. However, Pluck expressed concern over the severity of her measures aimed at dismantling the welfare system, which could potentially alienate elderly voters. M. Creel argued that Richardson's economic philosophy was outdated and would only serve the wealthy. He critiqued her proposals for lacking genuine benefit for workers and suggested that they could worsen conditions for those already facing difficulties within the current system. Sally Couper, appreciating Richardson's approach, asserted that a welfare state encouraging dependency ultimately fails. She advocated for increased personal responsibility, suggesting that families and community organisations were better suited to care for those in need than a bureaucratic system. Lastly, Terry O'Cain voiced strong support for Richardson’s philosophy, advocating for the principle of individual sovereignty, while W. E. Woods expressed alarm at the implications of her potentially harmful policies, particularly towards minority groups. In summary, the letters reflect a heated debate on the future of welfare in New Zealand, with Richardson positioned as a polarising figure capable of redefining the country's social policies. The discourse encapsulates broader concerns about individual responsibility versus state support during a pivotal time in the nation’s political landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860225_2_100_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860225.2.100.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,509626800
5978,01,03,1986,"A.I.D.S. Has Reached Thailand (Press, 1 March 1986)","Diana Smith from the Observer reports on the challenges facing Asia's largest centres of prostitution due to the emergence of the A.I.D.S. virus. Thailand, seen as a major hub for international sex tourism, receives around half a million mainly male tourists from the United States and Europe annually, many of whom are drawn to the nightlife of go-go bars, massage parlours, and gay clubs. Simultaneously, numerous Thai women are recruited to work as dancers in bars and hotels in Western cities. Thai health officials attribute the introduction of A.I.D.S. in the country to sexual encounters between Thai nationals and foreign tourists, with Dr Debhanom Muangman, head of Bangkok’s largest public health school, asserting that all reported A.I.D.S. cases in Thailand are imported and linked to foreign tourists. The first diagnosed case of A.I.D.S. in Thailand was a homosexual student returning from the United States, and experts now face the daunting task of controlling the virus's spread in a sex-tourism reliant economy. The country has an estimated 500,000 female prostitutes and up to 300,000 young homosexual males catering to the demands of local and international visitors in major cities and resort towns. Though there have been six documented cases of A.I.D.S. in Thailand, US expert Dr Bruce Weniger indicates that there may be unrecorded cases. Worryingly, US Deputy Assistant Secretary of Health Steven Grossman notes that individuals may be carriers of the virus and appear healthy, thereby unknowingly spreading the infection. According to Grossman, only five to ten per cent of those with the retrovirus will develop A.I.D.S., but the asymptomatic carriers can still transmit the virus. Surveys in high-risk groups have shown that about one per cent of active homosexual males and 0.1 to 0.2 per cent of female prostitutes are infected. While Grossman reassures that contracting A.I.D.S. from female prostitutes is low-risk, he stresses the need for significant public education to promote behaviour change and encourage abstaining from sexual contact with potentially infected individuals. However, public awareness campaigns regarding A.I.D.S. and venereal diseases face considerable obstacles. Efforts to distribute educational pamphlets in Pattaya were met with backlash from the Health Ministry, as local bar owners feared the campaigns could damage the resort's reputation as a tourist destination. Minister Marut Bunnag expressed concern over the potential economic consequences of promoting Pattaya as a site of disease. Additionally, even those at high risk who wish to be tested for the A.I.D.S. virus encounter difficulties, as government hospitals are overwhelmed with individuals seeking medical certificates for work in Saudi Arabia, all of whom have tested negative so far. A commentary by the Bangkok Post suggested that it may be tourists, rather than local workers, who might carry health risks back from Pattaya. The situation paints a complex picture of the interplay between public health, economic interests, and social behaviours in Thailand's sex industry amidst the A.I.D.S. crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860301_2_125_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860301.2.125.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,509972400
5977,01,03,1986,"Man For Trial After Death On Wharf (Press, 1 March 1986)","A Wellington man, Hiki Tangi Tumuana Brown, aged 28 and a glazier from Miramar, has been committed for trial on a murder charge following depositions in the District Court this week. The charge stems from the death of Noel Stanley Robertson, which occurred on November 5, 1985. Prosecutor Kenneth Stone presented evidence indicating that Brown assaulted Robertson in a shipping container located on Wellington’s waterfront after they had met at a city tavern. The assault resulted in serious injuries to Robertson, including a broken nose, a fractured upper jaw, the loss of two teeth, and a neck injury which ultimately led to his death. After the assault, Brown reportedly discarded Robertson’s body over the edge of the wharf and attempted to submerge it in the water. On November 6, the body was discovered floating about 1000 metres from where it had been thrown, by an officer aboard the Spirit of Competition. In the aftermath, investigators found blood in and around the shipping container, as well as two of Robertson's teeth, strands of hair, and buttons belonging to his clothing. In a disturbing revelation, it emerged that on November 10, Brown confided to a relative that he had killed a man and disposed of the body off the Taranaki Street wharf. Further admissions were made by Brown stating he had killed the man when questioned at the Wellington Police Station. The incident at the tavern reportedly involved homosexual advances, which Brown was not specific about but acknowledged led to his violent actions against Robertson on the wharf. He recounted moments of the confrontation, describing how he kicked and punched Robertson and recalled kneeling over him with his hands around his throat. Justices of the Peace E. Collins and B. Davis have remanded Brown in custody, and he is set to appear in the High Court on March 10, 1986. Brown is being represented by Bruce Buckton.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860301_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860301.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,509972400
5982,06,03,1986,"Dire Straits At Bellamys (Press, 6 March 1986)","On 6 March 1986, Wellington reporter Dire Straits attended a lunch at Bellamy's, hosted by the Prime Minister, Mr Lange. Members of the band took the opportunity to watch a brief session of Parliament from the public gallery. The night before, they had performed a concert in Wellington, which took priority over the ongoing debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. National's Miss Ruth Richardson, who was attending the concert, was fulfilling her duties as the new Opposition spokesman on youth affairs, allowing her to claim the experience as part of her work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860306_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860306.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510408000
5979,06,03,1986,"M.P. Suspended For Conduct (Press, 6 March 1986)","On 5 March 1986, John Banks, the Opposition MP for Whangarei, was suspended from Parliament for 24 hours due to his ""grossly disorderly conduct"" during the debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This suspension prevented him from participating in most of the day's parliamentary session and a select committee meeting. The incident occurred amidst a heated discussion of the bill, which was under consideration in the committal stages. During the debate, Banks' National Party colleagues, Sir Robert Muldoon and Mr Merv Wellington, had already been ordered to leave the Chamber for their disruptive behaviour. The Chairman of Committees, John Terris, had a challenging evening as he recently faced embarrassment from a drink-driving conviction. Muldoon and Banks both made derogatory remarks about Terris being intoxicated. While Banks’ inflammatory comments went largely unacknowledged in the chaotic atmosphere, he later received an order to leave the Chamber for his behaviour. In response, he repeatedly criticised Terris' chairmanship, stating it had been ""shocking."" This conduct prompted Terris to officially name Banks, requesting the House to censure him. The Speaker, Dr Wall, was then called in to oversee a vote on Banks' suspension, which resulted in a majority decision of 44 votes for the suspension and 31 against. After securing his suspension, Banks remarked that the actions taken by the Labour Party were ""absolutely shameful,"" reiterating his criticism of Terris. Despite the disruption caused by the fracas, the bill progressed, and the short title was passed with a vote of 47 in favour and 27 against. This key piece of legislation will take effect 28 days after receiving the Governor-General's assent. Although the vote was based on personal conscience, government members predominantly supported the bill while opposition members largely voted against it. An amendment proposed by Geoffrey Braybrooke, an opponent of the bill, was rejected, which sought to mandate a Royal Commission to investigate homosexuality in New Zealand, followed by a referendum before the legislation could be assented. Supporters of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill expressed encouragement from the vote counts, interpreting the outcomes as parliamentary approval for legalisation in principle. Several significant issues remain unresolved, including the proposed age of consent and the potential for outlawing discrimination based on sexual orientation. The debate continues to unfold with various implications for New Zealand’s legislative landscape concerning homosexual rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860306_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860306.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510408000
5981,06,03,1986,"Mr O’flynn To Seek ‘gay’ Amendment (Press, 6 March 1986)","On 5 March 1986, Defence Minister Mr O’Flynn announced plans to amend the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, aiming to exempt the military from potential changes in the law that would decriminalise homosexuality. Under Mr O’Flynn's proposed amendments, homosexuality would remain an offence within the military under the Armed Forces Discipline Act of 1971, which penalises ""disgraceful and indecent behaviour"" with a maximum sentence of three years imprisonment for offenders. Additionally, the Minister indicated that he might propose allowing discrimination against homosexuals in the recruitment processes of various services, including the military, police, traffic officers, and prison services. This move would be contingent on the passage of clause nine of the main bill, which seeks to amend the Human Rights Commission Act, making it unlawful to discriminate against individuals based on their sexuality. Mr O’Flynn's plans follow similar proposals made last year by MP Mr Geoff Braybrooke, who holds a starkly opposing stance regarding the legalisation of homosexuality. While Braybrooke is vehemently opposed to the reform, Mr O’Flynn supports it, arguing that as a Minister, he must fulfil his obligations to his department despite his personal views. The debate over the bill has also attracted the interest of several other MPs, with differing opinions on key aspects of the legislation. Notably, Mr George Gair and Dr Bill Sutton have both expressed a desire to increase the age of consent from 16 to 18 years. Meanwhile, Mr Phillip Burdon and Minister of Labour Mr Rodger advocate for an even higher age of consent, proposing a rise to 20 years. The discussions around these amendments reflect a broader societal debate about homosexuality and rights in New Zealand during this period, as the country grapples with issues of discrimination, legal rights, and societal norms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860306_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860306.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510408000
5980,06,03,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 6 March 1986)","On 5 March 1986, Parliament in Wellington convened at 2.30 p.m. where Speaker Dr Wall presented a message from Governor-General Sir Paul Reeves. The message urged Parliament to allocate public funds for several pieces of legislation including the Education Amendment Bill (No. 2), the Finance Bill, the Fisheries Amendment Bill, the Hospital Acts Amendment Bill, the Income Tax Amendment Bill (No. 7), the New Zealand Horticulture Export Authority Bill, the Video Recordings Bill, the Wanganui Computer Centre Amendment Bill (No. 2), the War Pensions Amendment Bill, and the Wheat Board Amendment Bill. During the session, Ministers responded to 18 questions from members. Following this, Deputy Leader of the Opposition Mr Bolger initiated a two-hour general debate commonly held on Wednesdays. The debate was then briefly shifted when Minister of Transport Mr Prebble introduced the Auckland City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering Amendment Bill. Later, Parliament returned to discuss the committee stages of the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill. An amendment proposed by Mr. G. B. Braybrooke from the Labour Party, which suggested that the bill only come into effect after a Royal Commission on homosexuality and a referendum, was rejected with a vote of 23 in favour to 51 against. The House broke for dinner at 5.30 p.m. and resumed discussions at 7.30 p.m. However, the debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill's committee stages was interrupted again, concluding the day's session at 10.55 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860306_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860306.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510408000
5983,07,03,1986,"Virus Will Be Drain: Report (Press, 7 March 1986)","A report from the New Zealand government's A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, completed in October 1985, has highlighted the anticipated significant impact of A.I.D.S. on the country's health and community services. The committee warns that A.I.D.S. will impose severe financial burdens on New Zealand and lead to challenging social and ethnic issues, along with ongoing publicity and political repercussions. Minister of Health Dr. Bassett noted that many recommendations from the report have already been implemented, as health authorities acted swiftly in response to the emerging threat of the virus. Among the report's recommendations was the advice against immediate legislative action targeting commercial establishments where high rates of A.I.D.S. transmission may occur, such as public bath houses for homosexuals, massage parlours, and houses of prostitution. The committee found no evidence from the United States suggesting that closing these establishments would notably reduce the spread of the virus. Instead, the advisory committee advocated for using these venues to launch comprehensive education programmes aimed at high-risk groups and to promote safer practices to help limit the spread of A.I.D.S. Furthermore, the report raised concerns regarding the extent of semen donations from homosexual males to sperm banks and urged that all such donations be screened for the A.I.D.S. virus promptly. It also recommended that organ donor screenings should include testing for A.I.D.S. virus infection. Another recommendation from the report was to classify A.I.D.S. as a notifiable disease, provided it could be reported anonymously, signalling the importance of tracking its spread. The committee called for a robust educational campaign to curtail the transmission of the virus and proposed the establishment of three special outpatient clinics in Christchurch, Wellington, and Auckland. These clinics would serve as primary referral centres for diagnosing and managing A.I.D.S. and associated diseases. Overall, the report reflects a proactive approach to addressing the health crisis posed by A.I.D.S., with an emphasis on education, prevention, and resource allocation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860307_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860307.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510494400
6743,08,03,1986,"Women Allege Sexism In Dept (Press, 8 March 1986)","In a report published on 8 March 1986, women working in New Zealand's Social Welfare Department expressed serious concerns regarding sexism within the organisation. They claimed that male colleagues were often ""groomed"" for promotions, leading to less qualified men being appointed over better-qualified women. This discriminatory practice was identified as a significant obstacle to equal opportunities for female employees, with over 40 specific forms of sexism highlighted by women during departmental meetings across the country in the previous year. The report, titled ""Women and Social Welfare,"" emerged from a study conducted by a seven-member Women's Advisory Group established in March 1985 to tackle issues related to affirmative action. The group defined ""institutional sexism"" as the existing structures, policies, and procedures that disadvantage female staff and clients, limiting their influence over departmental operations. The findings revealed that a substantial majority of women felt that sexism was prevalent, as only six out of 49 meetings reported the absence of such practices. Women reported feelings of being undermined due to stereotypes that considered them emotional, which devalued their perspectives. They also noted that personal commitments related to family were taken into consideration during promotion decisions, further hindering their career progression. Additional issues included a lack of collaboration from male colleagues when working under female supervisors, the use of sexist language, and a lack of acceptance for lesbian women within the department. In response, the Minister of Social Welfare, Mrs Hercus, announced the creation of two new women’s advisory officer positions at the department's head office as part of the department's first steps towards addressing these concerns. Plans were also revealed to introduce similar positions in six regional offices, alongside the establishment of women’s liaison officers to support female staff. The report recommended various measures to enhance equal opportunities, including the creation of new training programmes for women and ensuring that all committees reviewing aspects of social welfare have adequate female representation. The advisory group noted a strong consensus among women employees in favour of affirmative action, advocating for initiatives such as permanent part-time work, childcare facilities, and ensuring representation on all boards and committees. The research findings underscored a call for immediate actions to combat entrenched sexism and foster a more equitable work environment within the Social Welfare Department.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860308_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860308.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510580800
6744,10,03,1986,"Spielberg Not The Only One To Be Ignored (Press, 10 March 1986)","On 10 March 1986, a report by Bob Thomas from Associated Press highlighted the snub of Steven Spielberg at the Academy Awards despite his film ""The Colour Purple"" receiving 11 nominations. Notably absent from the list was Spielberg himself, who was not nominated for Best Director, raising questions about the dynamics within the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Critics pointed out that the directors' branch, comprising 230 members, may be filled with older filmmakers who could resent Spielberg's commercial success, having directed films that grossed billions. Opinions were divided on Spielberg’s work. Some believed he was the driving creative force behind the film, contributing significantly to its Best Picture nomination. However, others were less impressed, arguing that he had overly beautified the story, which was based on Alice Walker's gritty novel, and failed to properly address its themes, including its portrayal of lesbianism. A veteran director anonymously critiqued Spielberg for compromising the film’s tone in an attempt to appeal to audiences. Spielberg received a nomination from the Directors' Guild for ""The Colour Purple,"" which features the story of Celie, a child bride who overcomes abuse to become a strong woman. This nomination came from a broader body of 7,500 members, many from television and non-directing backgrounds, in contrast to the more exclusive Academy directors' branch. The article discussed the history of overlooked directors, citing examples like George Cukor, who was famously ignored for his work on ""Camille"" in 1937 despite the film receiving ten nominations. Cukor later won for “My Fair Lady” in 1964, after years of being snubbed for his refined style that clashed with the flashier approaches of his contemporaries. The piece also mentioned Alfred Hitchcock's notable absence from the Best Director nominations despite numerous acclaimed films, spanning five nominations without a win, only receiving the Thalberg Award later in recognition of his overall contributions. Additionally, the report pointed out that the Academy's pattern of snubbing extends beyond directors to some of the leading actors in Hollywood. Greta Garbo, Cary Grant, and Charlie Chaplin, although missing out on individual nominations, eventually received honorary awards. Marlon Brando, who created a defining role in ""A Streetcar Named Desire"", also lost to Humphrey Bogart before winning Best Actor for ""On The Waterfront"" in 1954. It concluded with a note on Paul Newman, who, despite being nominated six times, was set to receive an honorary award on 24 March for his significant contributions to cinema and his commitment to his craft.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860310_2_164.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860310.2.164,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510753600
5985,12,03,1986,"'Queer Pictures’ On Display (Press, 12 March 1986)","In April 1986, Christchurch will host an exhibition featuring eleven gay and lesbian artists as part of a national tour titled “Queer Pictures.” The exhibition will take place at the Manawa Gallery from April 6 to 11, following its launch in Auckland earlier that month. The tour will also visit Wellington, Karamea, Nelson, and Dunedin. Mark Summerville, one of the artists involved, expressed the group’s intention to provoke public thought regarding their art and identity. He stated that they hoped people would engage with the exhibition and reflect on its meaning. Summerville noted that while some may interpret this homosexual art as inherently sexual, he clarified that the works are not sexual in nature. The group's objective is for the public to explore the concept of queerness represented in their art. The artists are students from the Elam Arts School, comprising three women and eight men, with some women opting out of participation due to concerns about their family’s acceptance. The exhibition builds on the success of their previous show in Auckland, which drew a crowd of 500 and received positive feedback. Summerville expressed optimism about public reception during the upcoming tour, stating that the timing coincides with the third reading of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, a topic currently being debated in Parliament. The art showcased will include diverse forms such as painting, sculpture, prints, drawings, and video. Notably, the exhibition will feature two videos that Summerville contributed to; one is a ten-minute dream sequence film titled “Homosensual,” while the other is a documentary profiling the gay and lesbian communities in Auckland. The films are integrated into the exhibition but are not designed to persuade audiences, according to Summerville. The exhibiting artists, members of the Gay and Lesbian Arts Group, include Sally Smith, Adriana Tuscia, Maureen Jaggard, Alastair Floyd, Fear Brampton, Edward Bennett, Mark Hutchins, Gary Cocker, Paul Rayner, Bede Stevens, and Mark Summerville. The overall aim of the exhibition is to spark interest and dialogue surrounding gay and lesbian issues, particularly in light of the current legislative discussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860312_2_99_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860312.2.99.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510926400
5984,12,03,1986,"Labour’s Showing In Polls (Press, 12 March 1986)","In a letter published on 12 March 1986, Varian J. Wilson expressed concerns regarding a noticeable decline in support for the Labour Party in New Zealand, attributing it to the party's perceived neglect and the ongoing suffering of the poor. Wilson pointed out that while the wealthy continued to prosper, particularly those who profit from high-interest loans, the plight of the less fortunate was being ignored. He suggested that usury, or the practice of charging excessively high-interest rates, had become a significant issue in the country, characterising it as New Zealand's largest industry. Wilson argued that the Labour hierarchy had overlooked the traditional moral values held by older members of the community, who still valued decency. He critiqued a faction within the party, which he described as fanatical, for prioritising homosexual law reform at the expense of these moral standards. Wilson felt that this group had transformed what should have been a matter of personal conscience into an aggressive political agenda, effectively making it a government policy. He lamented that this shift had diminished the role of conscience within the Labour Party. His letter reflects a broader concern about changing social values and how these changes impact political affiliation and support for the Labour Party. Wilson's viewpoints foreground the tensions between progressive social movements and traditional moral perspectives within the political landscape of New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860312_2_85_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860312.2.85.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,510926400
5987,13,03,1986,"Fears Of Homosexual Teachers ‘unfounded’ (Press, 13 March 1986)","On 13 March 1986, New Zealand's Minister of Education, Mr Marshall, addressed concerns regarding the newly introduced health syllabus in response to questions from Mr Bruce Ferrand during a Canterbury Education Board meeting. Ferrand relayed anxieties from various small school committees about potential biases from teachers who might promote homosexuality through the syllabus. He highlighted that some schools have only one teacher, raising worries that a teacher with ""different personal tendencies"" could influence their students. Mr Marshall reassured the board that there would be no opportunity for promoting different types of relationships within the primary school syllabus, clarifying that the curriculum focused on pubertal changes for Form 1 and Form 2 students, while discussions about relationships were reserved for secondary education. He expressed skepticism that any teachers would try to push a homosexual agenda, stating that it would be prohibited, and that teachers would receive guidance on acceptable practices. Additionally, concerns were raised regarding the process for designating schools to teach the new syllabus. Some principals had reportedly asked chairpersons of their school committees to sign requests for designation without providing clarity to those chairpersons, leading to instances where schools were designated without proper consultation with their respective committees. Mrs Ruth Cowell pointed out the confusion among chairpersons who felt obliged to sign the requests without understanding the implications. In response, Mr Marshall encouraged the board to ensure that school committees are consulted before any designation, suggesting that principals should engage carefully with their committees to prevent similar misunderstandings in the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860313_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860313.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511012800
5986,13,03,1986,"Inside (Press, 13 March 1986)","Residents of Arthur's Pass have expressed concern regarding the installation of power at the Temple Basin ski-field, citing insufficient public consultation about the decision. The local community feels that their opinions were not adequately sought before the move was made. In other news, some school committees have raised fears that a new health syllabus could be manipulated by homosexual teachers. However, the Minister of Education, Mr Marshall, addressed these concerns in Christchurch, indicating that such fears are unfounded. In entertainment news, American actor Bill Cosby has secured top awards for the second year in a row, marking a significant achievement in his career. The issue of glue sniffing among youth has become a subject of concern, prompting discussions on what actions parents can take to address this problem. Music history is also being highlighted, with Tim Finn, the former lead vocalist of Split Enz, visiting New Zealand and renowned rock 'n' roll star Johnny Devlin, who has been active since 1959, working on a book detailing his career in show business. In the racing scene, Canterbury Belle has been announced to miss the upcoming Awapuni meeting on Saturday, as the horse will be transported to Sydney for further competitions. Additionally, it was noted that the usual motoring page, typically published on Thursdays, will be available the following day. The newspaper's structure includes sections related to business, classified ads, entertainment, and local services, among others. Readers have access to various features such as sports news and lifestyle topics, reflecting a diverse range of interests.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860313_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860313.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511012800
5988,13,03,1986,"M.P.’s Remark For Scrutiny (Press, 13 March 1986)","A remark made by Opposition MP John Banks during a debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill is set to be reviewed by Parliament's Privileges Committee. The incident occurred during a heated discussion on the bill's committee stages, where Banks, an ardent opponent of the legislation, accused fellow MP Helen Clark, the Government member for Mount Albert, of being ""in collusion with the sponsor of the bill."" The sponsor in question is Fran Wilde, a Labour MP representing Wellington Central, and Banks directed his comment at the Chairman of Committees, John Terris, who was presiding over the debate at the time. Following the remark, Banks faced immediate consequences and was suspended from Parliamentary proceedings for a period of 24 hours. The Speaker of the House, Dr Wall, confirmed that Clark had raised the issue, leading to a formal assertion that Banks' comment constituted a matter of privilege. Dr Wall indicated that such remarks could potentially impact the character and conduct of the presiding officer, which necessitated a deeper investigation. As a result, this matter will be submitted to the Privileges Committee, alongside the relevant circumstances surrounding the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860313_2_32_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860313.2.32.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511012800
5989,13,03,1986,"Salvation Army Record Appeal (Press, 13 March 1986)","On 13 March 1986, it was reported that the Salvation Army's national appeal achieved a record fundraising total of $1,156,392. This figure, as announced by Major Ron Brinsdon, the appeal's director, represented a 29 per cent increase compared to the previous year. Major Rodney Knight, the Salvation Army's public relations secretary, characterised the outcome as phenomenal. While Knight acknowledged that some might believe the Salvation Army's stance on homosexual law reform could have influenced the fundraising results, he indicated that the organisation preferred not to speculate on the matter. He emphasised their gratitude for the overwhelming level of support received during the appeal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860313_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860313.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511012800
5991,14,03,1986,"Appeal Response Linked To Bill (Press, 14 March 1986)","In March 1986, donations to the Salvation Army Red Shield appeal saw a significant 30 per cent increase, which has been interpreted as strong public support for the Salvation Army's opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Mr Graeme Lee, a National Party representative from Hauraki and a proponent of an anti-reform petition in the previous year, expressed that a 10 per cent increase in such challenging economic times would have been commendable, making the 30 per cent rise appear truly exceptional. He argued that this surge in donations demonstrated a clear public affirmation of the Salvation Army's values and an outright rejection of the homosexual community's efforts to undermine the organisation. Conversely, Ms Fran Wilde, a Labour Party MP for Wellington Central and a leading advocate for the homosexual law reform initiative, contended that the increase in donations merely reflected the intentions of those who oppose the reform. She suggested that these contributions were aimed at making a statement rather than indicating genuine support for the Salvation Army's mission. This situation highlights the ongoing societal tensions surrounding the issue of homosexual law reform in New Zealand during this period, as well as the polarising views on the role of religious organisations in such debates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860314_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860314.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511099200
5990,14,03,1986,"Civil Rights Bill For Homosexuals (Press, 14 March 1986)","On 14 March 1986, a city council committee in New York passed a civil rights bill aimed at protecting homosexuals after a heated public hearing filled with strong emotions and vocal opposition. The general welfare committee voted five to one in favour of the bill, which is set to be considered by the full council later in the month. This marks a significant development as various versions of the bill had been defeated for the previous 14 years. The public hearing was marked by intense exchanges, with one Protestant evangelist garnering applause from the audience by declaring, “God created Adam and Eve. He did not create Adam and Steve.” This statement echoed the sentiments of Catholic and Orthodox Jewish opponents present, who vehemently objected to the legislation. In contrast, homosexual rights advocate Andrew Humm passionately defended the bill, stating, “You may think of me as a faggot, but you will not make me ashamed of how I live and how I love.” His remarks earned him a standing ovation from part of the audience, highlighting the divide between supporters and detractors of the bill. Supporters emphasised that the proposed legislation would help prevent discrimination against homosexuals in areas such as housing and employment. They argued that this measure is crucial for fostering equality and protection for one of the largest homosexual populations in the United States. Conversely, opponents contended that the bill could lead to the promotion of homosexual lifestyles in schools, presenting them as acceptable alternatives to heterosexuality. Several politicians, including Mayor Edward Koch, publicly endorsed the bill, indicating a push towards more inclusive legislation in New York City. The outcome of the full council's upcoming deliberations will be closely watched by both advocates and opponents as it signifies a critical moment in the ongoing struggle for civil rights and recognition for the homosexual community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860314_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860314.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511099200
5992,15,03,1986,"Hudson Estate Sues Lover (Press, 15 March 1986)","On 15 March 1986, the estate of the late actor Rock Hudson filed a countersuit against his former partner, Marc Christian, in a Los Angeles Superior Court. Wallace Sheft, the executor of Hudson's estate, accused Christian of blackmailing the late actor for $137,500 (approximately $572,000) by threatening to expose Hudson’s homosexuality. The countersuit requested $2 million (around $3.82 million) in damages and claimed that Christian had also stolen $114,600 (about $60,000) worth of Hudson's personal property. This legal dispute arose after Hudson's death on 2 October 1985 from A.I.D.S. Christian had previously filed a $26.74 million (approximately $14 million) lawsuit against Hudson's estate, alleging that he could have contracted the disease from Hudson. In response to the countersuit, Christian's lawyer, Marvin Mitchelson, firmly denied all allegations made by Sheft, calling them “scurrilous” and “perjurious.” The countersuit stated that when Hudson attempted to end their romantic relationship, Christian allegedly extorted both monetary and other resources from him, including money, food, services, and the use of Hudson's home, under the threat of public exposure. The estate's legal filing included a detailed list of items Christian allegedly took from Hudson, which amounted to thousands of records, numerous films and tapes, extensive audio and video equipment, and a needlepoint rug and pillow created by Hudson himself. In his court papers, Christian refuted the assertion that Hudson had sought to end their relationship and denied ever extorting anything from him.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860315_2_69_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860315.2.69.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511185600
5993,15,03,1986,"Labour’s Showing In Polls (Press, 15 March 1986)","In a letter to the editor published on 15 March 1986, Vernon Wilkinson expresses his strong agreement with Varian Wilson's critique of the Labour Government's performance. He contends that the recent events, including the Timaru by-election and the homosexual law petition, should serve as a wake-up call for the government regarding the potential repercussions of imposing liberal-social policies on the electorate despite holding a majority. Wilkinson acknowledges the visionary qualities of the Labour Government but warns that it risks squandering the initial goodwill it received from various stakeholders. He articulates concern about the government's economic strategies, specifically questioning how the nation is managing its finances in light of a growing overseas trade deficit. He raises pertinent inquiries on the sustainability of financing imports and servicing external debts under these conditions. Wilkinson suggests that the current economic climate may be bolstered by attracting speculative investment from overseas, which could be a consequence of elevated interest rates contributing to the strength of the floating dollar. He requests analytical input from financial experts to shed light on the inflow of capital and the underlying financial dynamics. Overall, the letter reflects a critical perspective on economic policy and governance, urging for deeper analysis and consideration of the long-term implications of the government's actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860315_2_95_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860315.2.95.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511185600
5994,18,03,1986,"British Honour Spielberg (Press, 18 March 1986)","At the British Academy Awards held on 17 March 1986, Woody Allen's film “The Purple Rose of Cairo” was crowned the best film of 1985. The ceremony also honoured director Steven Spielberg, who received the prestigious fellowship of the Academy. Allen's film further secured the award for best original screenplay, marking a significant recognition of his work. American actor William Hurt was awarded best actor for his performance as a homosexual prisoner in “Kiss of the Spider Woman.” The best actress award was given to British actress Dame Peggy Ashcroft for her role in “A Passage to India.” Denholm Elliott received the accolade for best supporting actor for his performance in “Defence of the Realm,” while American actress Rosanna Arquette won best supporting actress for her role in “Desperately Seeking Susan.” Spielberg, addressing the audience of the black-tie event, expressed his gratitude and noted the influence of British cinema on his career. He highlighted the style and craft of British films and acknowledged the works of renowned British directors such as David Lean, Peter Yates, Ridley Scott, and Karel Reisz as inspirations for his filmmaking. His upcoming film, “The Colour Purple,” is also a contender at the American Academy Awards set to take place on 24 March 1986. Woody Allen, who usually maintains a low profile, participated in the event via satellite from New York and expressed his appreciation for the response to “The Purple Rose of Cairo,” expressing hope that his future films would also resonate with audiences. His latest project, “Hannah and Her Sisters,” has also seen considerable success in the United States and has earned him a nomination for best original screenplay at the American Academy Awards. The awards ceremony also recognised Bob Geldof for his innovative work in fundraising for African famine relief through the Live Aid concert, which earned accolades for originality in television. The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) performed exceptionally well, with its political thriller “Edge of Darkness” winning three awards, while comedienne Victoria Wood's “As Seen On TV Show” garnered two awards. Additional successes for the BBC included “Only Fools and Horses,” which won best comedy series, and Claire Bloom, who was recognised as best actress for her role in “Shadowlands,” which was named the best drama. Overall, the event showcased a strong presence of both American and British talent, with significant recognitions for various contributions to film and television during the year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860318_2_81_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860318.2.81.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511444800
5995,19,03,1986,"Queer Pictures (Press, 19 March 1986)","In a letter published on 19 March 1986, a writer named R. D. Fife expressed concerns about an upcoming art exhibition titled ""Queer Pictures."" Fife critiqued the exhibition for its promotional focus on the sexual orientation of the artists rather than their artistic talents. The exhibition, according to Fife, aims to depict gay individuals as ""normal"" and is positioned as a response to societal attitudes amid the simultaneous discussion surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which was reaching its final stages in Parliament. Fife argued that this approach could backfire, potentially alienating public opinion against the gay movement rather than fostering a greater understanding of the need for legal reform. The letter highlights a tension between the presentation of art and the intertwining of artistic expression with political contexts, particularly regarding issues of sexuality and rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860319_2_102_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860319.2.102.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511531200
5998,20,03,1986,"Guessing The Academy Awards (Press, 20 March 1986)","The American Academy Awards are increasingly becoming a politically charged event, where the profiles of filmmakers, including their nationality and age, become as significant as the artistic quality of the films. The previous year's awards saw standout films like “Amadeus,” ""The Killing Fields,” and “A Passage to India,” which made the selection process easier. However, for the 1986 awards, while many films are of high quality, none have ignited as much enthusiasm as those from 1985. In the race for Best Picture, “Witness” directed by Australia's Peter Weir is seen as a potential winner, albeit by default, given its strong competition. The film “Kiss of the Spider Woman,” directed by Hector Babenco, is regarded by the author as the best film, but it is expected that the conservative academy will overlook it due to its themes surrounding a homosexual character and his prison experiences. “The Colour Purple,” directed by Steven Spielberg, may have a good chance due to its racial themes, but its success hinges on the academy's regard for Spielberg. Other competitors include “Prizzi’s Honour” and “Out of Africa,” but they face tough opposition. Surprisingly, Richard Attenborough’s “A Chorus Line” did not receive a nomination. In Best Actor, William Hurt is the clear favourite for his exceptional performance in “Kiss of the Spider Woman,” which is considered sensitive despite his usual reputation as a more masculine actor. Other nominees include Harrison Ford for “Witness,” James Garner for “Murphy’s Romance,” Jack Nicholson for “Prizzi’s Honour,” and Jon Voigt for “Runaway Train.” For Best Actress, Whoopi Goldberg is predicted to win for “The Colour Purple,” despite competition from Meryl Streep, who has previously won two Oscars. The other nominees in this category are Anne Bancroft for “Agnes of God,” Jessica Lange for “Sweet Dreams,” and Geraldine Page for “The Trip Bountiful.” In the Best Supporting Actor category, William Hickey is the likely winner for his portrayal of an old Mafia don in “Prizzi’s Honour.” Klaus Maria Brandauer is considered a close second for his role in “Out of Africa,” while Don Ameche might get the award as a nostalgic nod for his role in ""Cocoon."" Other nominees include Robert Logia for “Jagged Edge” and Eric Roberts for ""Runaway Train."" Angelica Huston is favoured to win Best Supporting Actress for her role in “Prizzi’s Honour,” with other nominees including Margaret Avery and Oprah Winfrey for “The Colour Purple,” Amy Madigan for “Twice in a Lifetime,” and Meg Tilly for “Agnes of God.” Finally, for Best Director, John Huston is anticipated to win for “Prizzi’s Honour,” recognising his enduring influence in the industry. Competing directors include Hector Babenco, Sydney Pollack for “Out of Africa,” Akira Kurosawa for “Ran,” and Peter Weir for “Witness.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860320_2_93_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860320.2.93.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511617600
5996,20,03,1986,"Points Of Order Delay Homosexual Law Bill (Press, 20 March 1986)","On the evening of 19 March 1986, members of Parliament engaged in procedural debates regarding the contentious Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The discussions mainly revolved around the handling of various amendments proposed to the bill, including those aimed at raising the legal age of consent. The debates, however, were mired in confusion, with extensive points of order being raised as members sought clarity on the procedures. At one point, Mr John Terris, the committee chairman, had to call on the Sergeant-at-Arms to remove Mr M. L. Wellington, a National Party member from Papakura, after he challenged the chair's authority. Wellington was allowed to remain in the chamber only after he retracted his comments and apologised to Mr Terris. The bill's debate commenced sluggishly, taking half an hour just to decide to review the legislation section by section. Mr Graeme Lee, a prominent opponent of the bill, proposed two amendments to extend consideration of the bill, which were rejected. Following this, he moved to suspend the Standing Orders, but this motion also met with defeat. Mr George Gair from North Shore raised a notice of an amendment to change the legal age of consent to 18, describing it as a middle-ground approach. He remarked on the necessity for balancing the diverse opinions regarding the bill, highlighting that complete opposition to the bill disregarded prevailing realities, just as complete support for the bill failed to acknowledge its unpopularity among certain groups. Tensions escalated later in the evening when Mr Wellington highlighted an instance of public interference during Mr John Banks' speech, prompting the acting chairman, Mr Trevor Young, to issue warnings against further disruptions. He ordered the Sergeant-at-Arms to monitor the situation in the public galleries, where around 40 spectators were present at the time. This atmosphere reflected the contentious and divided opinions surrounding the reform bill, as Parliament continued to navigate the complexities of the proposed changes to the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860320_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860320.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511617600
5997,20,03,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 20 March 1986)","On 19 March 1986, Parliament convened at 2 p.m., where Ministers addressed 14 questions before a general debate concluded at 5 p.m. During the session, Mr A. P. D. Friedlander, the National MP for New Plymouth, proposed that the New Zealand Geographic Board (Mount Egmont) Amendment Bill be given priority over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in the order of private members’ bills. This motion sparked a debate that continued until the House broke for dinner at 5.30 p.m. Following the dinner break, which ended at 7.30 p.m., the discussion on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill resumed, and the motion concerning the order of bills was revisited. Ultimately, the proposal to change the order of bills was defeated by a vote of 43 to 29. The session was then interrupted when the House adjourned at 10.57 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860320_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860320.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511617600
7187,21,03,1986,"Phones ‘hot’ After ‘love Life’ (Press, 21 March 1986)","Since the airing of Television New Zealand's documentary on A.I.D.S. titled ""Love Life,"" the A.I.D.S. hotline in Wellington has experienced a significant surge in calls. Bill Logan, co-ordinator of the Wellington A.I.D.S. Foundation, reported that the hotline received 77 calls immediately after the programme aired on the evening of 18 March 1986, and by early afternoon on 19 March, there were an additional 80 calls. Logan described the situation as ""utterly crazy"" and praised the documentary for its impact. The queries received by the hotline varied widely, including concerns about the safety of hair removal and the risks associated with using swimming pools. Many callers expressed a desire for more information, requesting leaflets about acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Logan emphasised the importance of such educational efforts, stating that it contributes to ongoing awareness about the disease. The documentary ""Love Life"" featured interviews with individuals affected by A.I.D.S., including patients and their families, and aimed to dispel myths surrounding the disease while also outlining its symptoms. It highlighted the potential for an epidemic, adding urgency to the public's need for information and understanding about A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860321_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860321.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511704000
5999,22,03,1986,"Salvation Army Appeal (Press, 22 March 1986)","In a letter dated 19 March 1986, C.J. Yeabsley expressed his disappointment with the Salvation Army's stance on homosexual law reform. He highlighted his lifelong support for the organisation, which he believed was committed to assisting all individuals in need without discrimination based on race, colour, religion, or lifestyle. However, Yeabsley was taken aback when he learned from the organisers of the recent Red Shield appeal that making a donation was seen as endorsing the Salvation Army's opposition to homosexual law reform. As a result of this revelation, he declared his intention to cease any future contributions to the organisation, stating that his donations were never meant to support their views. The letter reflects a broader concern regarding organisations' political stances and their impact on supporters' willingness to contribute.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860322_2_109_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860322.2.109.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511790400
6000,24,03,1986,"Super Tax Surcharge Bill For Reintroduction (Press, 24 March 1986)","On 24 March 1986, it was reported that The Opposition in New Zealand was set to make another attempt to overturn the tax surcharge imposed on national superannuation by the Government in 1984. Venn Young, the National Party’s spokesman on social welfare, announced he would be reintroducing a private member’s bill aimed at removing the surcharge. This bill had previously been lost during its first reading in Parliament in September 1985. Young indicated that he would not be making any changes to the bill prior to its reintroduction, which he anticipated would occur immediately after Parliament addressed the homosexual law reform legislation, likely within three weeks. This initiative came in response to comments made by Labour MP Annette King in her opening speech during the Address-in-Reply debate, where she emphasised the necessity for a bipartisan approach to the future of superannuation. King expressed her desire to gauge the Government’s commitment to such an approach regarding superannuation policies. Young contended that the surcharge functioned as a means test for superannuation, disproportionately impacting many elderly individuals who were unable to adjust their financial situations to evade the surcharge. He suggested that the surcharge was causing significant hardship among these vulnerable groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860324_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860324.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,511963200
7689,25,03,1986,"Crime Rate (Press, 25 March 1986)","In a letter published on 25 March 1986, M. A. Hogan responds to G. Mclnnes's claim that bad parenting is the root cause of crime. Hogan expresses scepticism about the criteria used by Mclnnes to define good parenting, noting that most parents strive to do their best for their children. However, he argues that they face significant challenges, including peer pressure, the influence of television, and substance abuse, which complicates effective parenting. Hogan specifically points to drug and alcohol use as having a profound effect on individuals, diminishing their sense of responsibility and contributing to wider societal issues, such as strikes for personal gain and union actions that disrupt industries and harm exports. Hogan links alcohol to a variety of social problems, including child abuse, rape, drunk driving, gang violence, and other forms of criminal activity, asserting that many crimes are conceived in places where alcohol is consumed. He stresses that alcohol undermines true self-esteem, dignity, and integrity. Hogan criticises Mclnnes's approach, suggesting that awarding praise for good parenting tied to the consumption of alcohol is misguided. In contrast, M. Burke’s letter, published previously on 21 March 1986, challenges Hogan's reasoning. Burke cautions against launching a campaign targeting alcohol, similar to past anti-smoking initiatives, suggesting that doing so may lead to unforeseen negative consequences. He draws parallels to historical trends, suggesting that the decline in smoking habits coincided with the acceptance of homosexuality, indicating that one societal shift does not necessarily resolve deeper issues. Burke warns of a potential worsening of problems if society becomes overly focused on combating alcohol use, suggesting that it could inadvertently promote smoking as an alternative vice. Burke's response highlights a concern over the complexity of addressing social issues and bears a warning against simplistic solutions that may lead to worse outcomes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860325_2_87_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860325.2.87.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512049600
6001,25,03,1986,"Nuclear Weapons Are A Necessary Evil—theologian (Press, 25 March 1986)","Mr Jerram Barrs, a visiting British theologian and Presbyterian minister, expressed his views on nuclear weapons during his recent visit to New Zealand. He likened nuclear arms to a police force, stating that they serve to maintain order among nations rather than being the root cause of war. He argued that wars stem from aggressive nations wishing to expand their territories, not merely from the existence of weapons. Barrs clarified that while he does not support warmongering or dismiss the anti-nuclear movement, he believes it reflects a broader societal misunderstanding regarding the origins of conflict. Barrs, who serves as the co-director of the British branch of L’Abri Fellowship, has gained attention for his rational perspective on complex issues, which align with L'Abri's mission to advocate for Christianity as a relevant worldview. His concerns extend beyond nuclear weapons to include a general crisis of confidence in contemporary culture, suggesting that societal values have eroded without being effectively replaced. He noted a growing moral confusion resulting from challenges to traditional values that lack solid alternatives. He further commented on the relationship between law and morality, pointing to a societal tension where laws and morals can seem mutable, leaving individuals to navigate decisions based either on personal desires or majority opinions. From a Christian perspective, Barrs believes that society has distanced itself from God and His commandments, which has led to moral decay. He emphasises that genuine fulfillment and freedom come from adhering to the moral framework provided by God. In discussing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, Barrs highlighted his experiences working with homosexuals at L’Abri, advocating for a compassionate and supportive approach. He asserted that understanding the essence of what it means to be human is critical, and he upholds the view that procreation involves male-female unions. While acknowledging the complexities surrounding homosexuality, he insisted that Christians should focus on the acts rather than condemning individuals themselves, as all people experience some form of brokenness. Barrs challenged recent claims suggesting that homosexuality is determined prenatally, referencing discredited studies. He contended that many people choose homosexual lifestyles based on personal preference rather than innate inclination. Drawing from his experiences, he suggested that mature, non-erotic relationships could provide the emotional support often lacking in the lives of those struggling with homosexuality. As for the reform bill, he advised Christians to consider the broader implications of legal changes, noting that in Britain, homosexuality is increasingly normalised and taught to children. He underscored the importance of Christians remaining active in political discourse, advocating for their beliefs without attempting to impose them through legislation. Barrs concluded by stressing that Christians should live out their values genuinely and engage in constructive societal dialogue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860325_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860325.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512049600
6002,26,03,1986,"‘Out Of Africa’ 7, ‘purple’ Nothing (Press, 26 March 1986)","At the Fifty-eighth Academy Awards, held on 25 March 1986, ""Out Of Africa,"" a film depicting Isak Dinesen’s youthful romantic struggles, emerged as the big winner, taking home seven Oscars, including Best Picture and Best Director for Sydney Pollack. The ceremony also celebrated performances by William Hurt, who won Best Actor for his role as a homosexual prisoner in ""Kiss Of The Spider Woman,"" and Geraldine Page, who finally clinched her first Oscar at the age of 61 for her portrayal of a dying widow in ""The Trip To Bountiful."" Page's win marked a significant moment in her career, as she had been nominated seven times prior without success. Don Ameche received the Best Supporting Actor award for his role in ""Cocoon,"" playing a retiree rejuvenated by extraterrestrial visitors, while Anjelica Huston was recognised as Best Supporting Actress for her performance as a revengeful Mafia princess in ""Prizzi's Honor."" Interestingly, while Huston celebrated her win, her father, John Huston, faced disappointment by losing a chance to win alongside her. Despite receiving 11 nominations, ""The Colour Purple"" went home empty-handed, leading to noteworthy discussions about the Academy's controversial decision to exclude its director, Steven Spielberg, from the list of nominees. Both ""Out Of Africa"" and ""The Colour Purple"" were major competitors, but the former’s wins in categories such as Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Original Score, Art Direction, Sound, and Cinematography highlighted its dominance. During the ceremony, heartfelt speeches captured the audience's attention. Page expressed gratitude towards her screenwriter, Horton Foote, while Ameche acknowledged the recognition received from the Academy, having never been nominated throughout his half-century career in Hollywood. Hurt dedicated his Best Actor award to the courageous individuals in Brazil involved in making his film. In the category of music, Lionel Richie’s ""Say You, Say Me"" from the film ""White Nights"" won Best Song. The Best Foreign Film award was presented to Argentina's ""The Official Story,"" making it the first Latin American film to receive such an honour. Other notable wins included ""Witness"" for Original Screenplay and Film Editing, ""Cocoon"" for Visual Effects, and ""Mask"" for Makeup. Paul Newman received an honorary award for his numerous distinguished performances, remarking humourously from Chicago, where he was filming, that he hoped the award did not come in the form of a gift certificate to Forest Lawn cemetery. Additionally, the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award was awarded to Charles “Buddy” Rogers for his philanthropy, which was fitting as he was the widower of Mary Pickford, one of the Academy’s founders. The event also unfolded amid controversy, with protests occurring outside the venue concerning the portrayal of African Americans in ""The Colour Purple."" Despite the mixed sentiments surrounding specific films, the night was ultimately characterised by celebration, especially for ""Out Of Africa,"" which captured the hearts of both the Academy and its audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860326_2_70_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860326.2.70.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512136000
6003,26,03,1986,"Salvation Army Appeal (Press, 26 March 1986)","In a series of letters published in late March 1986, two individuals expressed their views regarding the Salvation Army's stance on social issues, particularly related to homosexuality. L. Williams from Irwell wrote on 22 March, affirming C. J. Yeabsley's belief that the Salvation Army assists everyone in need, regardless of their background. However, Williams also stressed that the organisation is ultimately accountable to God and cannot approve of what he describes as ""sin."" He admired the Army's compassion for those struggling in life and defended its commitment to righteousness. He announced his intention to increase his donations to the Salvation Army to counteract the contributions of those who may not share this understanding. In response, Martin Scott from Ashburton wrote on 23 March, addressing Yeabsley's decision to withdraw support from the Salvation Army due to their opposition to homosexual law reform. Scott argued that the Army would still extend help to homosexuals in need, irrespective of their stance on legal reforms. He voiced his commitment to continue supporting the organisation and even pledged to double his contributions the following year as a counter to Yeabsley's decision. The correspondence highlights differing opinions on the Salvation Army's approach to helping individuals while adhering to its religious beliefs, especially regarding contentious social issues like homosexuality. The discussion closed with the editor stating that no further letters would be published on this matter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860326_2_91_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860326.2.91.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512136000
6004,27,03,1986,"‘Gay’ Consent Age To Be 16 (Press, 27 March 1986)","On 26 March 1986, the New Zealand Parliament approved the legalisation of homosexuality for individuals aged 16 and older, with a vote of 41 to 36 in favour of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The decision followed the rejection of proposals to increase the age of consent to either 18 or 20 years. An amendment to raise the age to 20, introduced by Minister of Labour Mr Rodger, was defeated with 17 votes for and 59 against. Similarly, attempts to amend the age to 18, led by Deputy Leader of the Opposition Mr Gair and Labour's Dr Bill Sutton, were also unsuccessful, achieving only 14 votes in favour to 61 against. Interestingly, those opposed to the law reform were unified in their stance against both age amendments, which inadvertently ensured that 16 remained the established age of consent. At a pivotal moment during the voting, Dr Sutton was initially expected to vote against the 16-year age limit but ultimately changed his mind after discussions with supporters of the bill, including its sponsor Ms Fran Wilde and Ms Helen Clark. This led to accusations from Mr Winston Peters that lobbying had influenced Dr Sutton's decision, a claim Dr Sutton denied, stating he just needed time to contemplate his vote. The bill’s approval legalises homosexual acts for those aged 16 and older but imposes strict penalties for those committing indecent acts against boys under 12, potentially facing up to 10 years in prison. Notably, neither consent nor ignorance about the boy's age serves as a defence in these cases. For boys aged between 12 and 16, the maximum penalty is seven years, with defences of consent and ignorance permitted. An important amendment by Mr Trevor Mallard received near-unanimous support, extending legal protections for individuals under 16 to include those classified as ""severely subnormal."" Another amendment proposed by Minister of Defence Mr O’Flynn, which would exclude the Armed Forces from the bill's provisions, was passed narrowly with 40 votes for and 36 against. The rationale was rooted in concerns that active homosexuality among military personnel could undermine discipline, and the perceived risk of AIDS transmission in military contexts. The Minister indicated plans for additional amendments regarding discrimination based on homosexuality in recruitment processes for the Armed Forces, police, traffic officers, and prison services. These matters are expected to be addressed during the voting on the anti-discriminatory provisions of the legislation, set to occur on the first Wednesday after the upcoming Easter recess.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860327_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860327.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512222400
6005,27,03,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 27 March 1986)","On 27 March 1986, Mr Palmer, the Leader of the House, outlined the parliamentary agenda for the week commencing 8 April, following a one-week Easter recess. The schedule included consideration of legislation on the Order Paper, the introduction of new bills, and a general debate set for Wednesday afternoon, which would be succeeded by discussions on private members' bills. During this session, Ministers responded to 14 questions posed by members. Mr J. K. McLay, representing the National Party from Birkenhead, requested permission from the House to announce the election of Mr J. B. Bolger, also from the National Party and representing King Country, as the new Leader of the Opposition. Subsequently, members engaged in the standard two-hour general debate on Wednesday. As the debate concluded, Mr G. T. Knapp from the Democratic Party, representing East Coast Bays, attempted to prioritise a bill attributed to him over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill on the Order Paper. However, his request was unsuccessful as he tried to seek a division on the matter. Following this, members returned to the postponed discussion regarding the committee stages of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The debate was temporarily halted at 5.30 p.m. for dinner and resumed at 7.30 p.m. upon the House's reconvening. The House managed to pass part one of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill by a division, with a vote count of 41 to 36. Members then proceeded to deliberate on the committee stages of part two of the bill, though further debate was interrupted when the House adjourned at 11 p.m. The session highlighted the significant discussions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, reflecting the ongoing societal and legislative discussions of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860327_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860327.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512222400
6007,29,03,1986,"‘Gay’ Rights Bill Opponent Served With Writ (Press, 29 March 1986)","On 27 March 1986, Graeme Lee, Member of Parliament for Hauraki and a prominent opponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, announced that he had been served with a High Court writ seeking $600,000 in damages for defamation. This writ was filed by Lawrence Publishing Company and is related to a statement made by Lee at a meeting in April 1985. He noted that this was the fourth writ he had received concerning the same statement, which had previously prompted an apology that was not accepted. The three earlier writs sought damages exceeding $500,000 and were still pending in court. The most recent writ was dated 23 December 1985 and was served to him outside Parliament Grounds. The context of this legal action comes after the passage of part one of the controversial bill through the committee stage in Parliament, which occurred on the evening prior, resulting in a close division of 41 votes in favour to 36 against. Part one of the bill aims to decriminalise sexual activity between consenting males aged over 16, while part two seeks to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation, which has not yet reached the committee stage. In response to the progress of the bill, the Women's Electoral Lobby expressed their strong approval. Elspeth Preddy, the coordinator of the group's Wellington branch, shared that they were ""absolutely thrilled"" by the advancement of the age of consent provision, describing the previous laws as outdated ""Victorian law"" that were unsuitable for the South Pacific region. The lobby members have actively supported the bill over the past year and expressed pride in the efforts of Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central, in championing human rights legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860329_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860329.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512395200
6006,29,03,1986,"Oscar-winning Actor Says He’s A Basic,... (Press, 29 March 1986)","William Hurt, who recently won the Best Actor award at the 1986 Oscars, spoke with George Hadley-Garcia about his significant and controversial role in the film “Kiss of the Spider Woman.” Hurt, who made his screen debut in 1981 with “Altered States,"" has quickly risen to prominence, featuring in major films alongside renowned co-stars and directors. In ""Kiss of the Spider Woman,"" directed by Hector Babenco, Hurt portrays Molina, an effeminate homosexual sharing a prison cell with an impassioned revolutionary, played by Raul Julia. The film involves Molina's re-enactment of a movie that deeply influences their relationship as they connect despite their different backgrounds. Hurt expressed his admiration for Burt Lancaster, who was initially set to play his role but had to withdraw due to illness, admitting it was intimidating to follow in Lancaster’s footsteps. Hurt discussed the themes of the film, emphasising the issues of identity and societal judgments regarding sexuality and politics. He revealed that some advisers suggested he avoid the role because it involved a gay character, but he was determined to accept the challenge, having previously played a homosexual character in a stage production. He asserted that portrayals of gay characters are as ‘normal’ as any other sexual orientation, pointing out the significance of “Making Love,” a film that helped mainstream the narrative surrounding gay identities. The narrative of ""Kiss of the Spider Woman"" highlights how, in extreme circumstances, two men can break down their prejudices and find intimacy. Hurt noted that the characters start with opposing views and learn from each other’s experiences, leading to greater self-respect and understanding. He rejected stereotypes of flamboyant gay characters, stating that his portrayal aimed to reflect the reality of the majority of gay individuals. Describing his acting style, Hurt considered himself a ""character actor in a leading man's body"" and noted that he does not lose himself in his roles. He decides what films to undertake based on strong screenplay narratives and the compatibility with directors, acknowledging a successful collaboration with Lawrence Kasdan in past projects. At 35 years old, Hurt is often described as unexceptionally handsome, likening himself to a ""man-next-door"" rather than a charismatic Hollywood star. He suggested that his authenticity and choice of roles resonate with audiences, appealing to their appreciation of more realistic portrayals rather than overtly flamboyant characters. He expressed a preference for roles that reflect the authentic complexities of life, avoiding extremes like outright villains or heroes, as he sees life as consisting of grey areas rather than simple black and white moralities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860329_2_100_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860329.2.100.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512395200
6745,01,04,1986,"London Council Shuts Up Shop Today (Press, 1 April 1986)","On 1 April 1986, London's local government structure underwent significant change as the Greater London Council (G.L.C.) and six other left-wing authorities were abolished by the Conservative Government, marking the end of nearly a century of local governance. This transformation was met with fanfare, including fireworks and a concert at the Royal Festival Hall, celebrating the culmination of a week-long tribute to the G.L.C. and its notable leader, “Red Ken” Livingstone, who had presided over the council for the past five years. The Conservative Government, led by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, deemed the G.L.C. and the associated councils as inefficient, undemocratic, and overly costly. Following the dissolution, London's governance would be unique among major West European capitals, as it would operate without a central authority. The powers previously held by the G.L.C. would be redistributed among approximately 80 different organisations, including unelected groups and various government departments. Many responsibilities, such as fire services, refuse disposal, and highway planning, would now fall under the jurisdiction of London’s 33 borough councils, while certain aspects of public transport would be managed elsewhere. Livingstone’s tenure was marked by several controversial initiatives, such as declaring London a nuclear-free zone and fostering relationships with Nicaragua, which earned him both supporters and critics. His final acts were seen as a spending spree before leaving office, with substantial housing contracts being secured just days before the council's dissolution. The transition raised concerns regarding the impact on public services, particularly in the areas of bus services, arts funding, and potential property tax increases in the boroughs. Although it was reported that nearly all of the G.L.C.’s 24,000 staff would secure new employment, around 1,000 positions within voluntary groups faced uncertainty. Critics of the move, including journalist Neal Ascherson, condemned the abolition as politically motivated and detrimental, labelling it ""vicious and petty"" with shameful implications for those involved in its implementation. Despite opposition from various quarters, the successful passing of the abolition through Parliament was facilitated by a cooperative effort aimed at preventing potential chaos in the affected cities. Livingstone, now transitioning to national politics, viewed the G.L.C. as having made substantial contributions during its existence, contrasting with the government's perspective that labelled the councils as detrimental to effective governance in London.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860401_2_82_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860401.2.82.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512654400
7040,01,04,1986,"Oysters: The Ugly Little Devils (Press, 1 April 1986)","In a piece titled ""Food and Fable,"" David Burton explores the culinary and cultural significance of oysters, particularly the Bluff oyster, which is considered one of the best in the world and is unique to New Zealand. Despite their unappealing slimy appearance, oysters have been celebrated by writers and gourmets alike for their rich, briny taste and texture. Burton cites Ernest Hemingway, who found joy and inspiration in eating oysters, suggesting they have an almost magical ability to elevate one's mood. Bluff oysters, scientifically known as Tiostea luteria, take six to seven years to grow to a legal consumption size and have a fascinating reproductive cycle. They typically start life as males before transitioning to females as they mature, with females capable of producing millions of larvae each season. However, only a small fraction of these larvae survive due to various natural predators, including rays, snappers, starfish, and the invasive oyster borer. Burton shares an amusing anecdote about an oyster that unexpectedly closed on a mouse, showcasing the creature's surprising defences despite its vulnerability. He discusses the common culinary belief that oysters should be consumed raw, highlighting the ideal pairing of fresh oysters with lemon juice and pepper. However, he acknowledges that transportation issues have affected the availability of truly fresh oysters, leading him to explore cooking methods. He provides a recipe reminiscent of a classic New Orleans dish called ""La Mediatrice,"" which involves preparing oysters with French bread, garlic butter, and a creamy mayonnaise-based topping, then baking the dish until warm and inviting. This preparation reflects the widespread appeal of oysters beyond their raw form and showcases their versatility in various culinary contexts. Overall, Burton's exploration serves not only to celebrate the oyster but also to emphasise its role in New Zealand's food culture and gastronomy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860401_2_94_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860401.2.94.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512654400
6008,02,04,1986,"Close Vote Likely For ‘gay’ Bill (Press, 2 April 1986)","The Homosexual Law Reform Bill is currently in a critical phase as it approaches its third reading in Parliament. The fate of the bill, which aims to legalise homosexuality at the age of 16, hangs in the balance with no clear predictions regarding the outcome. Recently, the first part of the legislation was passed with a narrow margin of five votes, but the vote might have turned had the 16 absent members of Parliament been present. Graeme Lee, a prominent opponent of the reform, suggested that his side could have secured a majority if those absent had been there, predicting a vote of 47 against to 46 in favour of the bill. Attempts to amend the age of consent upward to 18 or 20 have been unsuccessful, limiting potential compromises. The dynamics of support for the bill appear to be shifting, evidenced by the patterns in voting, which show decreasing backing among members. Activists are now actively lobbying 11 MPs who previously opposed the bill but might be swayed, including members from both the Labour and National parties. Bill Logan, of the Gay Task Force, expressed optimism that a narrow win for the legalisation of homosexuality at 16 is possible, though it would not be as close as the last vote. Fran Wilde, the bill’s sponsor, is more cautious and does not wish to speculate on the outcome, acknowledging that the vote will likely be very tight. Among the 11 targeted MPs for support, some have shown a tendency to shift their positions in favour of lowering the age of consent, but uncertainty remains regarding their commitment. The second part of the bill, which aims to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation, may prove more contentious. Graeme Lee believes that how this section is handled will be pivotal for the bill's overall success, noting that potential amendments to exclude certain services from compliance could influence opinions. As the legislation proceeds to its third reading—a stage generally seen as a formality—the intensity of the vote may reflect the divisions within Parliament more acutely than in previous stages. It is unclear when the third reading will take place, with estimates pointing to dates around 16 or 23 April 1986. The result will have significant implications for civil rights and societal attitudes towards homosexuality in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860402_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860402.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512740800
6009,02,04,1986,"Homosexuality (Press, 2 April 1986)","In a letter published on 2 April 1986, John Canham expresses support for Jerram Barrs's views, which were articulated in a recent interview by Catherine Harris. Canham contends that Barrs, often labelled intolerant by some homosexuals, demonstrates genuine compassion and offers hope for change. He argues that homosexual men, particularly, need to be encouraged with the possibility of altering their lifestyle choices. Canham notes that without this hope for change, individuals might contribute to rising statistics of venereal disease and AIDS, linked to promiscuity within the homosexual community. He suggests that a return to heterosexual norms might necessitate re-education and prolonged support, yet emphasises that change is feasible, citing experiences from those who have transitioned from homosexuality. Canham believes Barrs's candid perspective and the practical assistance he extends are more valuable than what he terms as misplaced tolerance. The letter was dated 27 March 1986.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860402_2_92_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860402.2.92.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512740800
6010,02,04,1986,"N.y. ‘gay’ Rights Bill Welcomed In N.Z. (Press, 2 April 1986)","On 2 April 1986, the New Zealand Gay Task Force expressed approval regarding the New York City Council's recent passage of a lesbian and homosexual rights bill that prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation. Spokeswoman Alison Laurie noted that the bill closely mirrored part two of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill currently under consideration in New Zealand's Parliament. The New York legislation aims to eliminate discrimination in various areas, including employment, housing, and access to public facilities. Laurie highlighted the importance of this bill in the context of New York City's significant prevalence of A.I.D.S. cases, which is the largest in the world. The local homosexual rights movement has contended that such legislation is vital for combating A.I.D.S., as it encourages individuals to seek medical treatment without the fear of being discriminated against due to their sexual orientation. This perspective is echoed by health professionals in New Zealand, who share concerns about discrimination in healthcare settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860402_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860402.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,512740800
7041,05,04,1986,"Sex Change Has Legal Dilemma (Press, 5 April 1986)","Adrienne Clarke, a 22-year-old New Zealand cabaret entertainer, recently underwent a successful sex-change operation in Brighton, England. The procedure has posed legal challenges for her, as her New Zealand passport will soon reflect her new identity as a woman, while her birth certificate will continue to list her as male. Speaking from the private clinic where she is recovering, Clarke expressed her awareness of the potential complications this discrepancy may cause. Clarke, formerly known as Alan Clarke and a member of the Auckland all-male revue group La Belle Boys, is grateful for her New Zealand citizenship, which allows her to have her passport corrected. In contrast, transgender individuals in the UK undergoing similar operations are not permitted to change their legal gender on travel documents, remaining classified as male under British law. Her current passport merely contains a dash indicating an unspecified gender, but she looks forward to having it updated to reflect her female status. Despite this progress, Clarke's New Zealand birth certificate cannot be altered to indicate her female identity, as it is considered a historical document. This limitation adds to her concerns about potential legal issues related to her identity. The surgery, which took place on Good Friday, was a transformative step for Clarke, who had been living with a male body despite having female attributes due to a hormonal imbalance experienced by her mother during pregnancy. Prior attempts to secure a sex-change operation in Australia and Singapore were unsuccessful, leading her to the Brighton Clinic, which performs such surgeries approximately every six weeks. Clarke's mother, Beverly Clarke, who manages her daughter's cabaret career, accompanied her during this journey. Mrs Clarke noted with surprise that she was the first parent seen by the clinic accompanying a transgender patient, a situation she found concerning. She intends to advocate for parents to be more involved in supporting their transgender children rather than feeling embarrassed. The Clarkes have invested over $30,000 in medical expenses, travel, and accommodation associated with the surgery. After recovering in Brighton, the pair plans to visit Paris before returning to New Zealand later in April 1986.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860405_2_137.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860405.2.137,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513000000
6011,05,04,1986,"Survey Shows A.I.D.S. Hard To Get (Press, 5 April 1986)","A study conducted by researchers at the University of California School of Public Health aimed to assess the transmission risk of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) among homosexual and bisexual men. The findings were revealed on 5 April 1986, indicating that men who engaged in sexual activities that did not involve intercourse had no higher rates of potential AIDS infection compared to those who abstained from all sexual contact. Dr David Lyman, a key researcher, emphasised the difficulty of transmitting the virus, reinforcing the idea that most people need not fear contracting it easily. The study involved a survey of 821 participants in San Francisco, where researchers gathered data on sexual behaviours and conducted blood tests to check for antibodies related to the AIDS virus. Of the subjects, 56 reported having oral-genital sex without rectal intercourse over the previous two years, while 15 had abstained from any sexual activity. The remainder continued to engage in rectal intercourse. The results showed that 19.6 per cent of those who had only oral-genital contact had developed antibodies to the virus. Conversely, a similar rate of 20 per cent was found in the abstinent group. In contrast, the group that reported continued rectal intercourse displayed a significantly higher percentage of potential infections, with 51.1 per cent having antibodies present. The study surveyed participants from June 1984 to January 1985, and Dr Lyman confirmed that none of the men who engaged solely in oral-genital contact or those who abstained had developed AIDS by the time of the report. However, some men from the rectal intercourse group had been diagnosed with the disease. By March 24, 1986, AIDS had affected over 18,500 individuals in the United States, resulting in nearly 10,000 deaths since the condition was first identified in 1979, according to the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta. The researchers aimed to disseminate their findings rapidly to mitigate the growing hysteria surrounding AIDS and provide clarity regarding transmission risks among specific sexual practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860405_2_78_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860405.2.78.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513000000
7690,07,04,1986,"Choosing Candidates (Press, 7 April 1986)","A letter published on 7 April 1986 expresses concern over New Zealand's Parliament's decision to consider legitimising sodomy for 16-year-olds. The author, D. A. Armstrong from Timaru, argues that the country deserves a better government that reflects its citizens' values. Armstrong calls for a more rigorous examination of political candidates' personal philosophies rather than just their party affiliation. He emphasises the responsibility of political candidate selectors to consider candidates' values and urges voters to be discerning and thoughtful when casting their votes. The letter reflects a sense of frustration towards the current political climate, especially in light of what the author describes as the largest petition ever presented to Parliament being overlooked.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860407_2_69_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860407.2.69.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513172800
7042,07,04,1986,"Sex Change Has Legal Dilemma (Press, 7 April 1986)","A successful sex-change operation has placed Adrienne Clarke, a New Zealand cabaret entertainer, in a complex legal situation regarding her identification documents. At 22 years old and formerly known as Alan Clarke, she underwent surgery at a private clinic in Brighton, England, on Good Friday, 1986. The operation marked a significant step in her journey, as she had decided four years prior that transitioning was essential for her to live a fulfilling life. Doctors identified that she was born with male physical characteristics but had female attributes due to her mother's hormonal imbalance during pregnancy. Following the surgery, Clarke is eager to update her passport, which will soon designate her as a woman. Fortunately, the New Zealand High Commission in London has assured her that her passport can be amended accordingly, even though her New Zealand birth certificate will remain unchanged, listing her as male. Clarke acknowledges that this discrepancy might lead to complications in the future, as the birth certificate is considered a historical document and cannot be altered. Clarke recalled her experiences leading up to the surgery, noting that attempts to secure a sex-change operation in Australia and Singapore were unsuccessful before she was accepted into the Brighton Clinic, which performs these surgeries roughly every six weeks. Throughout her time in Britain, Clarke has been accompanied by her mother, Beverly Clarke, who manages her cabaret engagements and expresses concern regarding the lack of parental support for other patients at the clinic. Beverly noted that she was the first parent to accompany a patient at the clinic, which she found alarming, and she plans to advocate for greater parental involvement in the support of transgender individuals. The Clarke family has invested over $30,000 in medical and travel expenses to facilitate the surgery. After completing their stay in England, they plan to visit Paris before returning to New Zealand later in April 1986.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860407_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860407.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513172800
6012,08,04,1986,"Church Shows Concern About 'moral Majority’ (Press, 8 April 1986)","On 8 April 1986, the Anglican Church in New Zealand expressed significant concern regarding the influence of the ""moral majority"" and the ""religious Right."" The Church's provincial public and social affairs committee circulated a discussion paper across the country, prompting Anglican members to reflect on the role and impact of the ""moral majority"" in society. This initiative was partly inspired by the emergence of the Coalition of Concerned Christians, which the Anglican committee noted with particular interest. Bishop Watson Rosevear, the Assistant Bishop of Wellington, articulated the church's reservations about the coalition's claims to define Christian truth and its intention to take ""control"" of New Zealand. He stressed that such a controlling approach seems contrary to the teachings of Jesus, who focused on serving others rather than exerting power. The bishop noted that Jesus challenged societal norms and encouraged open dialogue, rather than coercing adherence to specific beliefs. The discussion paper also raised concerns regarding the coalition's relationships with affluent business interests, as well as its perceived disregard for minorities and marginalized groups. Bishop Rosevear highlighted that while the coalition vocally opposed issues such as abortion and homosexual law reform, it largely overlooked subjects like racism and nuclear disarmament. This selective focus prompted the Church to question the coalition's self-assured stance on moral issues, which Bishop Rosevear believed limited open discussion and dialogue with those holding differing views. Furthermore, the paper warned that the extreme positions of the religious Right might lead to a regression in moral discourse rather than advance societal morality. It challenged the notion that the religious Right accurately embodies the broader spectrum of Christian morality. In conclusion, the discussion paper critiqued the label ""moral majority"" as misleading, suggesting there was insufficient evidence to support the claim of a majority viewpoint within moral discussions. Bishop Rosevear indicated that the paper had been distributed to all Anglican bishops for further dissemination to individual parishes. The intention was to spark thoughtful conversation and inspire Anglicans to articulate their positions on contemporary issues more effectively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860408_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860408.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513259200
7122,09,04,1986,"'Run For Your Wife’ (Press, 9 April 1986)","""Run For Your Wife,"" a comedic play by Ray Cooney, was directed by Janet Spearman and presented by the Theatre of Comedy Company at the Theatre Royal, starting on 8 April 1986. The play has gained a reputation as one of the staple productions of London’s West End, and the review by John Farnsworth highlighted its ability to evoke laughter through both the script and the performances. The story revolves around a taxi driver named John Smith, portrayed by Robin Askwith, who leads a double life with two unsuspecting wives. The chaos ensues when John gets into an accident, prompting his clumsy friend Stanley, played by Geoffrey Hughes, to assist him. The play is characterised by a series of misunderstandings and comedic situations that build up over its duration, ultimately creating a crescendo of laughter from the audience. Farnsworth pointed out that the performances of Askwith and Hughes were central to the success of the production, aided by a supporting cast that, while competent, often seemed to serve as foils to the main characters. The direction by Janet Spearman was noted for enhancing the performance quality, ensuring that the weaker moments of the play were improved while allowing the lead actors to shine. Despite the overall charm and entertainment value of ""Run For Your Wife,"" the review did not shy away from acknowledging the play's flaws. It was critiqued for its crassness, inherent sexism, dated comic devices, and an underlying tone of prejudice, particularly towards gays. Farnsworth pointed out that the humour derived from guilt and an aversion to authority was prominent, yet the audience appeared to enjoy the show immensely. This enjoyment was attributed to a clever script, lively performances, and energetic stage antics. The production featured additional performances from Vivienne Labone, Leonie Mellinger, and local talent David Halls, the latter contributing positively to the overall experience. The reviewer concluded that, despite its shortcomings, the play's successful history in Britain suggested that it would attract audiences and perform well in New Zealand as well.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860409_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860409.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513345600
6746,09,04,1986,"‘Queer Pictures’ (Press, 9 April 1986)","The exhibition ""Queer Pictures,"" featuring works by lesbian and gay artists, is currently being displayed at the Manawa Gallery in Cashel Street Mall, Christchurch, until 11 April 1986. The review by Pat Unger highlights the unique characteristics and significance of this collection, which is notably smaller than a previous exhibition with 125 mixed media works held in Auckland. This smaller scope allows viewers in Christchurch the opportunity to engage with the artworks without the influence of preconceived notions about ""queer"" art. Gary Cocker’s statement regarding his photographs exemplifies the exhibition's approach, encouraging audiences to view the pieces individually rather than as a collective statement reflecting a singular theme. This is particularly pertinent given the potentially conservative views of the South Island, which may lead to misunderstandings or diminished expectations regarding lesbian and gay art. According to Sally Smith, one of the exhibition's originators, these preconceived ideas may not align with the actual nature of the works showcased. Expectations of shocking or erotic content may not be met, and instead, viewers may find that the quality of the art matches that of any professional exhibition featuring young artists. Despite the fragmented presentation due to the exhibition's travel across the country, the artists share a common objective related to advocating for the legal recognition of alternative sexual preferences, imbuing the show with political significance. Among the notable works in the exhibition, Fear Brampton's sculpture captures the fragile essence of humanity, represented through a female form crafted from pressed white tissue. Alastair Floyd presents a series of sharp black and white contact prints that cleverly parody styles from the 1940s. Bede Stevens offers more intimate photographs that reflect deep personal connections, while Sally Smith's photography tackles women's experiences, though it is somewhat limited by its small format. Adriana Tuscia contributes vibrant prints and woodcuts filled with wit, and Maureen Jaggard employs bold simplification in her oil paintings that symbolically comment on persecution. The exhibition presents a diverse range of themes and styles, inviting a spectrum of interpretations. Art enthusiasts are encouraged to attend this thought-provoking exhibition before it continues on to Dunedin and then Nelson. The artworks are available for purchase priced between $50 to $500.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860409_2_140_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860409.2.140.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513345600
6013,09,04,1986,"Concern About Homosexuals’ Custody Claims (Press, 9 April 1986)","On 9 April 1986, the Equal Parental Rights Society in New Zealand expressed strong opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, suggesting that homosexuality and lesbianism should be deemed criminal in child custody cases. The society's secretary, Patrick Conroy, articulated that many people believe children need protection from what he termed ""perverted concepts of human behaviour."" He claimed that there is no acceptable authority backing the idea of homosexuality as a valid lifestyle, particularly concerning the influence on children. Conroy voiced concerns that the proposed reforms could lead to High Court custody decisions favoring practising homosexuals, an outcome which has alarmed many members of the society, particularly the female members and fathers whose children have previously been awarded to admitted lesbians by High Court judges. He cited recent rulings where Family Court decisions denying custody to admitted lesbians were overturned by the High Court, highlighting that judges ruled lesbianism is not a criminal offence. This situation posed, according to Conroy, a formidable challenge to the society’s interests when it comes to custody cases involving children. The society does not support the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and believes that when children are involved, lesbianism should be treated as a criminal matter. Conroy's comments reflect a broader societal tension regarding the evolving perceptions of sexual orientation and family rights within the legal framework of New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860409_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860409.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513345600
6015,10,04,1986,"39,000 People May Be ‘at Risk’ (Press, 10 April 1986)","On 10 April 1986, the A.I.D.S. Support Network in Christchurch reported that up to 39,000 individuals in the South Island could be at risk of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (A.I.D.S.) virus and would require regular screening. This estimate primarily concerns male homosexuals, with approximately 13,000 residing in Christchurch. Mr Ralph Knowles, a trustee of the South Island division of the New Zealand A.I.D.S. Foundation, highlighted that male homosexuals represent a significant portion of the at-risk population. The network clarified that their proposed clinic would not be associated with the treatment of individuals already diagnosed with A.I.D.S. Instead, the clinic would focus on working with ""at risk"" groups to diagnose the virus, provide non-hospital treatments, trace contacts, and offer counselling. Mr Knowles acknowledged the potential gap between the envisioned services and actual provisions that could be made. The A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee had released a report in October 1985 recommending the creation of A.I.D.S. clinics in major cities like Auckland, Christchurch, and Wellington. The Canterbury Hospital Board received this report in March 1986 and had requested feedback, which was presented during a recent health services meeting. Dr Ross Fairgray, the medical superintendent-in-chief, supported the establishment of a limited number of clinics but warned that expecting national and regional clinics to be formed without specific regional funding was unrealistic. The committee's report indicated that the at-risk population, particularly promiscuous homosexual and bisexual men, numbered in the thousands. Although diagnostic technologies were available in New Zealand, there was neither a satisfactory cure nor reliable preventative measures for A.I.D.S. The anticipated societal impact of the disease was significant, as it could strain health and community services, create financial burdens, and present challenging social and ethical dilemmas. Public fear surrounding the disease was advised to be mitigated, as there was no evidence to suggest that A.I.D.S. could be transmitted through respiratory droplets or casual contact. Dr Fairgray reiterated that A.I.D.S. should be regarded as a public health issue, akin to other epidemics, requiring a response from public health agencies rather than solely hospital administrations. Dr Jocelyn Hay, a board member, stressed the need for enhanced health education regarding A.I.D.S. to encourage responsible behaviour among the population. The findings and recommendations from the board's meeting were set to be forwarded to the Health Department for further consideration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860410_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860410.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513432000
6016,10,04,1986,"Parliament Wrestles With Bill (Press, 10 April 1986)","On 9 April 1986, the New Zealand Parliament focused on the second part of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which aims to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. The proposed legislation seeks to amend the Human Rights Commission Act to include provisions related to sexuality. During the discussions, various amendments were introduced to limit the bill's scope. These amendments sought exemptions for certain employment sectors, including the Armed Forces, police, prison and traffic services, schools, domestic workers in private homes, religious organisations, and roles involving authority over adolescent boys. Labour MP Mrs Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan also advocated for an exemption concerning the rental of residential accommodation. Despite the extensive debate, no decisions were reached during the session due to tactics employed by opponents of the reform, who engaged in what was described as imaginative stone-walling. They argued that the provisions within the bill could not be approved by the House without an appropriation, claiming that the anti-discriminatory clauses would increase the workload of the Human Rights Commission and may necessitate additional staffing. Furthermore, they raised concerns that the bill could lead to increased government expenditures for addressing the A.I.D.S. epidemic, which they believed would be a consequence of the legislation. The Speaker of the House, Dr Wall, was called to provide a ruling on the matter. However, he ultimately dismissed the arguments against the bill, noting that there was a lack of substantial evidence to back up the claims made by its opponents. As a result, the discussion around the Homosexual Law Reform Bill continued without resolution, reflecting the contentious nature of the legislation and the deep divisions it has created within Parliament.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860410_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860410.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513432000
6014,10,04,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 10 April 1986)","On 9 April 1986, during a session of Parliament in Wellington, Mr Robin Gray, the member for Clutha, presented three petitions. The petitions, which were identical, came from the Clutha County Council, the Balclutha Borough Council, and the Bruce County Council branches of the South Otago Community Rally of Balclutha. They called on the Government to implement measures aimed at reducing spending and borrowing, thereby facilitating a significant decrease in interest rates. Additionally, the petitions urged the Government to reject the retrospective findings of the Higher Salaries Commission, safeguard employment within rural communities, and refrain from making any further changes to the farm livestock valuation and taxation system. Throughout the session, Ministers addressed 18 questions raised by members. Following this, the members engaged in the weekly Wednesday general debate. This debate continued for two hours before moving on to discuss the committee stages of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The discussion on this bill was temporarily halted when the House adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m. Upon reconvening at 7.30 p.m., members resumed the debate on the bill. A motion to prevent progress on the bill from being reported to the Speaker, Dr Wall, was put to vote and ultimately defeated with a close tally of 37 votes against 33. The proceedings of the House concluded at 11.07 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860410_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860410.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513432000
7744,11,04,1986,"Girl Awaits Tests For A.i.d.s. (Press, 11 April 1986)","On 11 April 1986, a three-year-old girl named Eve van Grafhorst, suspected of having the A.I.D.S. virus, is currently in Hastings, New Zealand, with her mother, Gloria, while they await the results of blood tests at Auckland Hospital. The family had previously travelled from Australia, having been informed that initial tests indicated Eve no longer had the virus. However, New South Wales health authorities later revealed that these tests were from a batch that had produced faulty results, leading Mrs van Grafhorst to lose faith in the Australian testing procedures. Eve's situation first became public knowledge in July of the previous year. Since then, the family has endured significant pressure from their community in Kincumber, New South Wales, where Eve has been barred from attending preschool classes. Neighbourly hostility has been prevalent, with some residents erecting high fences to keep her away and prohibiting their children from playing with her. Despite this, Gloria describes Eve as ""a healthy, very active girl,"" suggesting that her physical condition contradicts the negativity surrounding her diagnosis. Eve was born three months premature, and during her early life, one of the blood transfusions received was contaminated with the A.I.D.S. virus. The situation regarding her test results remains uncertain; while New South Wales authorities indicated some tests were faulty, a letter received later claimed that Eve's test was valid and that she no longer had the virus. Gloria expressed a desire for clarity regarding the Auckland test results, stating that she would feel relieved to know the outcome ""one way or the other."" Gloria also highlighted that Eve has a unique perspective on life and could impart valuable lessons to others. She noted the marked difference in the reaction of New Zealanders towards Eve compared to the treatment received in Australia. The family has taken steps to address the discrimination faced by Eve by lodging a complaint with the New South Wales anti-discrimination board due to her exclusion from preschool classes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860411_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860411.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513518400
6017,11,04,1986,"Sir Robert Played The Tune For National’s Game Of... (Press, 11 April 1986)","The National Party's recent changes in leadership and structure within Parliament reflect a significant reshuffle akin to a game of musical chairs, with Sir Robert Muldoon playing a crucial role behind the scenes. Since stepping down from the leadership in December 1984, Muldoon has influenced several key developments, including Sue Wood’s resignation as party president, the diminishing role of Barrie Leay, Jim McLay's ousting as leader, and the demotion of notable critics like Ruth Richardson and Ian McLean. The latest reshuffle brings forward several prominent figures from the Muldoon era (1975-1984) including Bill Birch, John Falloon, and Tony Friedlander, while retaining current leadership elements like Jim Bolger, Warren Cooper, and Venn Young. George Gair, though not closely aligned with Muldoon, shares similar economic views and has taken the deputy leader role. This realignment within the party does not signal a concession to Muldoon's opponents but highlights a centralist, pragmatic, and interventionist economic stance that many party members embrace. Meanwhile, Michael Cox remains the only representative of those wishing to stray from Muldoonism, while critics like McLay and Richardson have been relegated to the cross benches. The party's leadership change indicates a strong desire among traditional National supporters to return to past leadership styles and policies, particularly in light of dissatisfaction with the Labour Government's handling of key issues such as the economic plight of farmers, pensioner surtaxes, and contentious social reforms. Intriguingly, this desire for a return to past leadership raises questions about the party's viability: why would supporters back the same leaders whose policies led to a crushing defeat in 1984? This paradox encapsulates National’s current dilemma as it tries to leverage discontent with Labour while distancing itself from a faction that remained loyal during its previous failings. Despite Mr Bolger's rise in public opinion polls, the internal struggles within the National Party are far from resolved, highlighting a future fraught with potential conflict between the old guard and newer ideologies. The tensions among factions may simmer temporarily post-reshuffle, but they are unlikely to dissolve. For a new leadership to emerge that can unify the party and address its internal divisions, a considerable time may pass, potentially prolonging the party's journey back to stability until old rivalries are fully reconciled. Future leadership prospects might involve emerging figures like Don McKinnon, Michael Cox, Winston Peters, Doug Graham, Ruth Richardson, and Paul East, but achieving cooperation over past grievances will pose a substantial challenge. The upcoming 15 months leading up to the next general election in September 1987 will be critical for the National Party as it navigates these complex dynamics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860411_2_125_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860411.2.125.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513518400
6018,14,04,1986,"Coalition Vote Plea (Press, 14 April 1986)","The Coalition of Concerned Citizens has called on its supporters to vote exclusively for candidates opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in the upcoming General Election. This appeal follows a recent poll that revealed only 2 per cent of New Zealanders identified as homosexual. In contrast, 835,000 citizens had previously petitioned Parliament against the legalisation of homosexuality, highlighting what the coalition sees as significant public dissent. Joe Simmons, the coalition's executive chairman, asserted that any Member of Parliament who supports the bill would be betraying the democratic rights of New Zealanders. The coalition has taken steps to communicate with Parliament by sending a letter to every member, stating that the proposed bill could undermine the family unit, which they believe is fundamental to society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860414_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860414.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513777600
6019,15,04,1986,"Bishops Concerned About ‘gay’ Bill (Press, 15 April 1986)","On 15 April 1986, during the New Zealand Catholic bishops' conference held in Hamilton, the bishops voiced their opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. They expressed concern that supporters of the bill were promoting the notion that homosexual activity is ""morally acceptable."" According to the bishops, they believe that homosexual activity is inherently ""morally wrong."" Rather than focusing solely on legislative change, the bishops argued for the necessity of education aimed at eliminating ""discriminatory attitudes and prejudice against homosexual activity."" They contended that passing the bill might reinforce negative societal influences rather than serve the rights of individuals. The bishops suggested that promoting educational initiatives would be more effective in safeguarding human rights for everyone without endorsing what they termed the ""fallacious and harmful idea"" of the moral acceptability of homosexual behaviour. Additionally, they raised concerns regarding the proposed age of consent in the bill, which suggested a minimum age of 16 years for legalising consensual homosexual acts between males. The bishops deemed this age too low, asserting that individuals at 16 years may not be sufficiently mature for such decisions. Through their press release, they sought to emphasise the importance of education and maturity in discussions surrounding the legalisation of homosexual acts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860415_2_161.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860415.2.161,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513864000
6020,15,04,1986,"Religious Right ‘real Danger’ (Press, 15 April 1986)","On 15 April 1986, a discussion paper from the Anglican Church's public and social affairs committee raised concerns about the influence of the extreme religious Right in New Zealand. The paper, chaired by Rt Rev. Watson Rosevear, highlighted the ""close links"" between wealthy businesses and the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, which emerged in response to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The coalition had gathered 817,000 signatures against the bill, with the Anglican committee indicating that even a fraction of this number represents significant public sentiment. The committee accused the coalition of demonstrating “scant regard for minorities and oppressed or marginal groups,” a claim that was firmly rejected by coalition spokesperson Pastor Barry Reed. He dismissed the allegations as unsubstantiated and suggested that critics had not adequately investigated the coalition but were merely echoing opposing voices. Although initially focused on the homosexual rights issue, the Coalition of Concerned Citizens has expanded its agenda to encompass a broader range of concerns regarding what they perceive as declining moral standards in New Zealand. Furthermore, the National Council of Churches issued a statement expressing apprehension over Right-wing groups attempting to gain influence over local educational and governance systems. Reed claimed that the coalition occupies a centrist position rather than a strictly Right-wing one and advocated for their efforts to influence education as part of democratic participation. The Anglican committee observed a growing divide within New Zealand Christianity, especially between liberal and fundamentalist factions. The Pentecostal Churches, identified as a key component of the Religious Right, had declined to join a new ecumenical body scheduled to replace the National Council of Churches in the following year. Although the Anglican committee acknowledged the growth of the Religious Right, they noted that it remains a relatively small group, bolstered by organisational and financial support from movements in the United States. Rosevear commented that the coalition’s slogan, ""For God, for family, for country,"" did not adequately represent the Christian faith, cautioning against the potential dangers of nationalism. While welcoming public participation of the Christian message, the Anglican committee recognised the diversity of political opinions among Christians, notably pointing out the coalition’s silence on issues such as racism and nuclear disarmament. Reed, in response to these concerns, insisted that there was nothing wrong with patriotism. He stressed that Christians have a comprehensive perspective on society and cannot neglect their roles as citizens. Furthermore, he explained the coalition's avoidance of the nuclear debate was due to uncertainty about their supporters' views, and their lack of commentary on race-related issues stemmed from a commitment to practising equality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860415_2_167.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860415.2.167,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513864000
6021,16,04,1986,"Book Burning Calls Disturb Libraries (Press, 16 April 1986)","On 16 April 1986, the Library Association reported increasing demands for book removals in response to the ongoing debate over ""gay"" rights, notably influenced by the Homosexual Reform Bill. Ms Dianne Morris, the editor of the association's newsletter, highlighted that library users, particularly in Christchurch and Auckland, were seeking to have books deemed indecent taken off the shelves. She noted that the situation in Christchurch was particularly intense, with a campaign aimed at removing the novel ""Jenny Lives With Eric and Martin,"" which portrays a homosexual relationship. The Canterbury Public Library reviewed the book, but the Indecent Publications Tribunal determined it was not indecent and therefore allowed it to remain available. Ms Morris expressed concern about the movement towards censorship, arguing that it was inappropriate for individuals to dictate what others could read. She stated that even librarians would not take it upon themselves to decide on the suitability of reading materials. Additionally, there were calls from some Auckland residents for the removal of Donna Awatere’s book ""Maori Sovereignty"" from libraries, indicating a broader trend of censorship requests across various topics. The library association encouraged libraries to document any attempts at censorship so they could provide professional support to those affected by these pressures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860416_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860416.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,513950400
6022,17,04,1986,"Discrimination Clause Voted Out Of Bill (Press, 17 April 1986)","On 16 April 1986, the New Zealand Parliament voted to reject the anti-discriminatory provisions of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill by a margin of 49 to 31. These provisions, which were part of Part II of the bill, aimed to amend the Human Rights Commission Act to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. Ms Fran Wilde, the bill's sponsor from the Labour Party representing Wellington Central, announced her intention to propose a salvage amendment to preserve certain aspects of the legislation. Her plan involves separating the first part of the bill, which legalises homosexuality between consenting adults aged 16 and older, from the rejected Part II. The first part of the bill had passed during the committal stages prior to the Easter recess, but only by a narrow majority of five votes. At that time, 16 members of Parliament were absent, leading some to believe that the outcome might have been different had those members been present. Graeme Lee, a prominent opponent of the reform, estimated that the absence of those members could have potentially given the opposition a one-vote lead. The rejection of Part II occurred after it had been modified and significantly weakened. These modifications had initially allowed for certain forms of discrimination against homosexuals, including in areas such as housing and employment within private homes, religious institutions, law enforcement, the military, and roles involving authority over individuals under 16. With Part II not being approved, the focus now shifts to the forthcoming third reading of the bill, which will determine the fate of Part I.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860417_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860417.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514036800
6023,17,04,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 17 April 1986)","On 16 April 1986, the New Zealand Parliament held a session at 2 p.m. during which ministers addressed five questions of the day and answered 13 questions on notice. Prime Minister David Lange delivered a ministerial statement concerning the United States' military actions against Libya, which was subsequently addressed by the leader of the Opposition, Jim Bolger. This was followed by the weekly two-hour general debate. Once the general debate concluded, members resumed discussions on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which had been interrupted previously. The House adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m. and reconvened at 7.30 p.m. During the evening session, members voted on several amendments to Part II of the bill, which aimed to prohibit discrimination against homosexuals. Although six amendments were passed, Part II, in its amended form, was ultimately defeated with a vote of 49-31 before Parliament adjourned for the night at 11 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860417_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860417.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514036800
6747,17,04,1986,"Women Priests—the Unholy Orders (Press, 17 April 1986)","The debate surrounding the ordination of women as priests has reached a critical juncture in the Anglican Church, highlighting significant divisions within the Church of England while New Zealand is making strides toward inclusivity with potential female bishops. The Anglican General Synod in New Zealand has moved closer to allowing women bishops, while in England, the prospect of women priests is prompting a potential schism that could see about 1,000 clergy and their congregations leave for the Roman Catholic Church or other denominations. Historically, the issue of women's ordination has evolved significantly. Over 80 per cent of the British public now supports the ordination of women, spurred by societal changes where women hold influential roles in various sectors. However, resistance remains entrenched within certain factions of the Church, particularly among Anglo-Catholic and Evangelical clergy. The conflict touches on deeper societal issues surrounding gender, power, and tradition. The Rev. Dedra Bell, an American priest serving at Lincoln Cathedral, exemplifies the frustrations faced by women in ministry. Although she has the authority to celebrate communion in the United States, she is barred from doing so in England, reflecting the discrepancies in recognition of women's roles across the Anglican Communion. The upcoming synod meetings could either pave the way for historic change or reinforce current divides, with votes scheduled for July and in 1990. The opposition is firmly rooted in theological arguments suggesting that Christ’s male identity directly relates to the priesthood. Some believe ordaining women undermines scriptural authority, with critics claiming that the movement is driven by a desire for power rather than spiritual calling. Conversely, proponents argue that the ordination of women is essential to correcting historical gender inequalities within the church. Within the Church, sentiments vary widely. Supporters of women's ordination advocate for a more inclusive and representative clergy. However, the likelihood of legislative change remains uncertain, given the conservative nature of the House of Clergy in the synod. If the legislation fails, a quiet but persistent defiance could emerge, with some clergy already administering rites informally despite the restrictions. The role of the Archbishop of Canterbury is critical; he has expressed that the time may not yet be ripe for such dramatic changes, reflecting a cautious approach to a divisive issue. The potential for schism looms large as moderates and traditionalists wrestle with the implications of women's ordination on church unity. As the Church of England faces this crisis, it becomes clear that the resolution of such a deep-rooted conflict will not merely be about the question of women's ordination but will also reflect broader societal attitudes towards gender, authority, and inclusion within religious institutions. The future of the Anglican Church hangs in the balance, and the decisions made in the coming years will be pivotal in shaping its character and direction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860417_2_79_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860417.2.79.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514036800
6026,18,04,1986,"‘Gay’ Discrimination Vote ‘disappointing’ (Press, 18 April 1986)","On 18 April 1986, Mr Graeme MacCormick, the alternate chairman of the Human Rights Commission, expressed disappointment following a Parliamentary vote that rejected a key provision of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. This provision aimed to prevent discrimination against homosexuals, and its removal was seen as contrary to the Commission's core mission. MacCormick stated that allowing any form of discrimination goes against the principles of human rights and highlighted that such discrimination is unrelated to an individual's capabilities as an employee or tenant. He suggested that some Parliament members may have believed the community was unprepared to embrace this change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860418_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860418.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514123200
7745,18,04,1986,"Aust. Girl, Aged 3, Has A.i.d.s.—family (Press, 18 April 1986)","On 18 April 1986, it was reported that Eve van Grafhorst, a three-year-old girl from Kincumber, New South Wales, was diagnosed with Aids following blood tests conducted in Napier, New Zealand. This diagnosis came after her family sought clarity due to inconsistent test results from Sydney. Eve's grandmother, Marion Taylor, announced that the tests confirmed Eve had the virus, although the potential for the disease to become fatal remained unknown. It is believed that Eve contracted the virus through blood transfusions during her early infancy. Eve and her mother were scheduled to return to Australia the following day, with Mrs Taylor stating that the family would ""just carry on with the treatment and look after her."" In a television interview, Mrs van Grafhorst expressed her concerns about returning home, noting that the family had faced social stigma, as some neighbours were wary of Eve, fearing she could transmit the disease. Despite these challenges, she described Eve as appearing healthy and normal, indicating that the family was bracing for uncertainty regarding the future. The family received immense support from the New Zealand community, with many individuals sending letters, gifts, and offering companionship for Eve. However, Mrs van Grafhorst described the impending return to Australia with awareness of Eve's positive diagnosis as ""horrific,"" highlighting the emotional toll of the situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860418_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860418.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514123200
6027,18,04,1986,"Clerks Vote In Favour Of 'gay’ Law (Press, 18 April 1986)","On 18 April 1986, the Clerical Workers’ Union in Wellington announced its endorsement of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, supporting it in its entirety. The union's acting secretary, Ms Christine Gillespie, stated that they rejected any form of discrimination against clerical workers that affected their job opportunities, wages, promotions, or other employment benefits. She emphasised the union's commitment to challenging any prejudice directed at their lesbian or gay members and indicated that they would take action against employers who harassed or discriminated against clerical workers based on their sexual orientation. Ms Gillespie highlighted that female clerical workers faced significant issues in their workplace, including being undervalued, underpaid, overworked, and often overlooked for promotions. She pointed out the lack of maternity leave rights and instances of harassment against women, which were compounded by the additional discrimination encountered by those in same-sex relationships. She insisted that clerical workers deserved to be recognised for their skills and responsible work, irrespective of their sex or sexual orientation. Additionally, Ms Gillespie called on opposing Members of Parliament to reflect on their positions regarding equal job opportunities for lesbians and gay individuals. She argued that a person's sexual orientation does not affect their job performance or capabilities, urging for the swift passage of the law to enable unions like hers to better safeguard the job rights of all members.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860418_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860418.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514123200
6024,18,04,1986,"Defeat Of Bill Feared (Press, 18 April 1986)","The A.I.D.S. Foundation has expressed grave concerns regarding the potential rejection of Part I of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill by Parliament, which aims to decriminalise consensual sexual activities among males over the age of 16. Kate Leslie, the chairman of the foundation, stated that if Part I were to be discarded, it could lead to disastrous consequences. The foundation is particularly worried about the implications of losing Part II of the bill, which seeks to prohibit discrimination against homosexual individuals. Ms Leslie highlighted that without this section, their upcoming prevention programme would struggle to reach individuals who might be reluctant to engage due to societal stigma, as they could be perceived as criminals. She noted that the fear of disclosure is significant, with many individuals avoiding resources—such as reading materials on A.I.D.S.—for fear of being labelled as gay or having a gay family member. The defeat of Part II represents a substantial setback for the foundation’s goals. Further details can be found in reports on pages 3 and 5.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860418_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860418.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514123200
6028,18,04,1986,"Muldoon Man To Seek Nomination (Press, 18 April 1986)","John Rowe, a resident of Frankton and owner of a car painting business, has declared his intention to seek the National Party nomination for the Hamilton West electorate. This announcement comes after Rowe previously sold his coffee bar to help support Sir Robert Muldoon's return to leadership within the National Party. Although formal nominations have yet to be called, Rowe mentioned that he has already communicated with electorate officials during a recent dinner event for party members in Te Rapa. This marks the first time Rowe has sought a nomination in any political capacity. He expressed his belief in fate, suggesting that it would ultimately determine whether he would receive the endorsement from the party's electorate committee and subsequently win the seat for the National Party. Rowe indicated that the public support he received for advocating Muldoon's resurgence within the party played a significant role in his decision to pursue this nomination. When asked if his political ideology would align closely with that of Muldoon, Rowe indicated a desire to adhere to his own principles, stating, ""like Sir Robert has."" He expressed concerns that ordinary citizens were not adequately represented in government decisions, citing government policies regarding South Africa and issues around homosexual law reform as pertinent examples. Rowe described himself as having conservative views and warned that the threat of communism is looming in New Zealand. His assertions reflect a commitment to traditional values and a sense of urgency regarding the political climate in the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860418_2_125_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860418.2.125.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514123200
6025,18,04,1986,"Rejection Of Clause Upsets Homosexuals (Press, 18 April 1986)","On 18 April 1986, the ongoing discussion surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill highlighted significant concerns about the rights of homosexual men in New Zealand. While the bill aimed to decriminalise consensual sexual activity between males aged 16 and over, campaigners expressed disappointment over the rejection of a crucial anti-discrimination clause by Parliament. This clause, which sought to make discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation illegal, was viewed by advocates as essential for achieving true equality. Peter Wall, a spokesman for the Gay Task Force, articulated the deep disappointment felt within the homosexual community. He stated that while decriminalising homosexuality would be a significant victory, the absence of legal protection against discrimination represented a continued struggle against societal prejudice. He remarked that the decision by Parliament felt like ""another slap in the face,"" indicating that the ruling was particularly painful coming from a legislative body that could have made a more comprehensive commitment to equality. The initial part of the bill had previously passed its committee stages, but the vote on Wednesday saw the anti-discrimination element rejected by a significant margin of 49 votes to 36. This outcome raised concerns among supporters of the bill about the likelihood of the entire reform being defeated in the final reading. Wall noted the paradox in Parliament's willingness to decriminalise homosexual acts while simultaneously permitting discrimination in employment and housing, suggesting that societal acceptance remained conditional rather than unconditional. The reform was seen as a pivotal moment for young individuals struggling with their sexual identity, as the criminalisation of homosexuality had severe psychological implications. Opponents of the bill, including Graeme Lee, a member of Parliament, expressed uncertainty about the final outcome, even after the recent vote had bolstered their position. Overall, the discussions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill underlined the complexities and challenges faced by the homosexual community in New Zealand during this period, as they sought both legal recognition and protection against discrimination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860418_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860418.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514123200
6029,19,04,1986,"Enough Sex To Turn Penguins Purple (Press, 19 April 1986)","In a review published on 19 April 1986, Margaret Burrell examines two novels: ""Tantalus"" by Amanda Hemingway and ""Bliss"" by Jill Tweedie, both produced by Penguin. Burrell suggests that the Penguin publishing house ought to adopt a new logo for such works, proposing a bright purple instead of the traditional orange, reflecting their provocative content. ""Tantalus"" draws on the Greek myth of Tantalus, who suffers eternal torment for stealing divine food and serving his son to the gods. The novel presents a narrative that appears to delve into sexual deviance while intertwined with themes of revenge and familial strife. The protagonist, Caroline, grapples with an Oedipal complex and engages in incestuous relations with a half-brother while seeking vengeance for another half-brother's death. Burrell notes the book's clever writing, despite its sordid themes reminiscent of mythological tales of gods. Caroline's involvement with the bisexual Greek Ulysses forms the crux of her revenge, echoing the traditional Greek narratives with twisted desires. The second novel, ""Bliss,"" stands out more significantly for Burrell. The narrative follows Lady Clare La Fontaine, a beauty with wealth and status, pursued by Raul, the ruler of the fictional country of Ventura. Clare’s initial allure and subsequent marriage to Raul leads to her degradation as he becomes abusive upon learning she is not a virgin. The book reflects the subjugation of women by corrupt men, set against the backdrop of a tropical environment laden with socio-political undertones. Burrell reveals that despite the acclaim received, the portrayal of women as passive victims is troubling, as they often act only on sexual impulses. The lives of four women, including Clare and her maid Conchita, intersect tragically, culminating in death and despair. Burrell's review ultimately criticises both novels for their exploration of sexuality and gender dynamics, particularly highlighting the passive roles of women. Though ""Tantalus"" uses mythological allegory, and ""Bliss"" incorporates social critique, both works seem to embody a sense of malaise regarding female agency and the implications of male dominance in their narratives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860419_2_116_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860419.2.116.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514209600
7746,21,04,1986,"Campaign To 'rescue' Child (Press, 21 April 1986)","A Napier-based group has initiated a fundraising campaign, aiming to gather $40,000 to assist Eve van Grafhorst, a victim of A.I.D.S., and her family who are facing persecution in Australia. The campaign, entitled “A Life For Eve,” was organised by journalist Robert Stockdill, who reported that over $5,000 had been raised within the first 24 hours. The funds are intended to help the family move to New Zealand and establish financial support for Eve's treatment and education upon their arrival. The van Grafhorst family is planning to relocate to Hawke’s Bay, where Mrs Gloria van Grafhorst's family resides. They have spent the last two weeks in the area awaiting test results for A.I.D.S. Stockdill described how he had witnessed media coverage of the family's maltreatment in Australia due to the community's lack of understanding and fear regarding A.I.D.S. He met the van Grafhorst family about ten days ago and stayed in touch, ultimately deciding to raise funds after learning of their desire to settle in New Zealand but facing financial barriers. Stockdill expressed a desire to support the family, highlighting that their circumstances were beyond their control. Eve contracted the A.I.D.S. virus from a blood transfusion involving an infected donor. Following the public disclosure of her condition, both Eve’s parents lost their jobs, their rented home, and suffered abuse and ridicule from the community. Stockdill noted Mrs van Grafhorst's optimism regarding their potential reception in New Zealand, pointing out her appreciation for the kindness shown to them during their stay in Hastings. Eve and her mother returned to Australia the previous Saturday evening, while efforts continue to secure employment for Mr John van Grafhorst, a painter.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860421_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860421.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514382400
6030,21,04,1986,"How M.P.s Voted (Press, 21 April 1986)","On 16 April 1986, New Zealand's Parliament held a significant vote regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, specifically Part Two of the legislation, which aimed to prohibit discrimination against homosexual individuals. The vote highlighted a substantial division among Members of Parliament (MPs) over issues related to sexual orientation and civil rights. A number of MPs opposed the bill, with notable figures from the National and Labour parties voting against it. Those who voted against included National Party members such as Mr Derek Angus, Mr Neil Austin, Mr John Banks, and Mr Jim Bolger, among others. Several Labour MPs, including Mrs Margaret Austin and Mr Geoff Braybrooke, also opposed the bill. In total, a considerable number of MPs from various political affiliations expressed their disapproval, reflecting a significant faction that resisted changes to the legal status of homosexual individuals at that time. Conversely, a robust group of Labour MPs supported the reform, advocating for the rights of homosexuals in New Zealand. Prominent supporters included Mr Jim Anderton, Ms Helen Clark, and Mr David Lange, all representing Labour. The assembly of votes in favour indicated a strong push towards greater legal recognition and protection for homosexual individuals, marking a progressive shift in social attitudes that the bill represented. The outcome of this vote was emblematic of the ongoing societal shifts and contentious debates surrounding homosexuality in New Zealand during the mid-1980s, a time characterised by evolving perspectives on equality and rights. The results reflected both the divisions within the legislature and the change that was beginning to take root in New Zealand society, laying the groundwork for further advancements in LGBTQ+ rights in the years to come.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860421_2_156.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860421.2.156,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514382400
6032,22,04,1986,"‘Gay’ Bill Clauses ‘anti-freedom’ (Press, 22 April 1986)","On 22 April 1986, Ruth Richardson, a National Party member of Parliament for Selwyn, expressed her opposition to parts of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill during its committee stages in Parliament. The contentious issue was Part II of the bill, which aimed to make it unlawful to discriminate against individuals based on their sexual orientation. Miss Richardson argued that this provision would impose a specific moral viewpoint, asserting that it suggested no sexual orientation should be valued above another. She emphasised that individuals who held beliefs opposing homosexuality would be compelled to act in ways contrary to their convictions, even though such actions would not constitute criminal behaviour as typically defined. She drew parallels between the proposed law and coercive regimes in Islamic or Soviet nations that enforce conformity of thought through state power. According to her, the authors of this part of the bill aimed to criminalise normal social behaviours that they disapproved of, a move she deemed inappropriate in a free society. Richardson defined a free state as one that tolerates minority viewpoints, highlighting that tolerance should extend beyond only those attitudes regarded as acceptable. She warned that the bill represented an abuse of legislative power by attempting to endorse specific moral perspectives, which could ultimately undermine the values it sought to promote. Richardson stressed her belief in freedom, stating that it does not entail denying others the right to disapprove of homosexuality. She cautioned against the illusion that law could serve as an effective moral educator and suggested that state endorsement of a particular moral doctrine could lead to a decline in societal moral standards and respect for the law. In contrast, Labour MP R. J. Northey contended that the bill would still guarantee individuals the freedom to express their opinions on homosexuality, including any negative sentiments. He argued that the passage of Part II would not restrict free speech, allowing people to voice their beliefs freely, even if those beliefs were contrary to the aims of the reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860422_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860422.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514468800
6031,22,04,1986,"Rally In Square (Press, 22 April 1986)","On 22 April 1986, supporters of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand were gearing up for a significant demonstration before the vital third reading of the bill in Parliament. A prominent advocate for the cause, Ms Heather Johnson, who represents the Lesbian and Gay Rights Action Group, called on civil liberties supporters to gather in Cathedral Square. The aim of this meeting was to publicly express support for the rights of the homosexual community in a bid to highlight their democratic rights. Johnson pointed out a perceived contradiction in the Government's stance, noting that while it shows concern for the oppression of black citizens in South Africa, it simultaneously appears willing to infringe upon the human rights of homosexuals within New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860422_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860422.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514468800
6947,23,04,1986,"Fellini Again Shows Top Film Form (Press, 23 April 1986)","In a retrospective look at the cinematic achievements of old masters, Bob Thomas of the Associated Press highlights the impressive work of prominent directors in the year leading up to April 1986. John Huston, at 79, demonstrated his enduring directorial prowess with ""Prizzi's Honor."" Akira Kurosawa, aged 76, delivered ""Ran,"" which is considered one of his finest films. Federico Fellini, the youngest of the trio at 66, made notable waves with ""Ginger and Fred,"" a film that critiques contemporary society through the lens of television. ""Ginger and Fred"" reunites Fellini’s cherished actors, Giuletta Masina and Marcello Mastroianni, who portray a pair of aging dancers reminiscing about their past success in the 1940s with their mimicry of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers musical performances. The story brings these former partners back together after three decades apart, as they prepare to perform on a television show titled “We Are Proud To Present.” The cast of the show is an eccentric mix, featuring a kidnap victim, a transvestite who had a relationship with convicts, a levitating monk, a centenarian orchestra, and a troupe of dwarfs, alongside impersonators of celebrities like Ronald Reagan and Clark Gable. Masina’s character, Amelia (Ginger), enters this dystopian television world with hopes of rekindling her past with Pippo (Fred), played by Mastroianni. Upon her arrival in Rome, instead of a warm reunion, she is ensnared by uncaring television aides and faced with a bizarre array of guests on the show. The reality of Pippo is revealed to be disappointing as he is now a dishevelled, hung-over man who fails to recognize her. Fellini creatively uses the omnipresence of television seen in hotels, on buses, and in public spaces to reflect the absurdities of advertising and media. The film contains vivid imagery ranging from extravagant production sequences to the grotesque faces of television personalities. While the style of storytelling is reminiscent of a music video, it remains true to Fellini's traditional emphasis on excess. The performances of Masina and Mastroianni are described as exceptional, culminating in a climactic dance that balances both emotional depth and visual spectacle. ""Ginger and Fred"" was produced by Alberto Grimaldi and co-written by Fellini along with Tonino Guerra and Tullio Pinelli, undoubtedly showcasing Fellini's unique storytelling skills and his critical view of societal themes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860423_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860423.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514555200
6035,24,04,1986,"‘Spider Woman’ (Press, 24 April 1986)","""Kiss of the Spider Woman"" premiered today, 24 April 1986, at the Savoy cinema. The film features a nuanced narrative set in a South American prison, where two prisoners share a cell. One of the inmates, Molina, is portrayed by William Hurt, who recently received the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance. Molina is a homosexual man imprisoned on a morals charge. The other prisoner, Valentin, played by Raul Julia, is incarcerated due to his revolutionary anti-fascist views. The narrative is primarily a clash of ideals, showcasing how Valentin grapples with his preconceived notions of Molina. Directed by Hector Babenco, known for the critically lauded film ""Pixote,"" ""Kiss of the Spider Woman"" holds the distinction of being the first Brazilian-made film featuring two prominent American actors. Additionally, the cast includes Sonia Braga, who has garnered acclaim in Brazil for her striking on-screen presence and has been likened to the South American version of Marilyn Monroe. The film explores themes of friendship, sexuality, and political ideology against the backdrop of confinement, providing a deep and thought-provoking cinematic experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860424_2_76_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860424.2.76.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514641600
7740,24,04,1986,"Access Radio Likely Next Year, Says Mr Hunt (Press, 24 April 1986)","New Zealand is set to launch its first full-time community access radio station in Christchurch, with broadcasting expected to commence in early 1987. This announcement was made by the Minister of Broadcasting, Mr Hunt, during the official opening of the Media Studies Centre at Christchurch Polytechnic on 24 April 1986. An application is being prepared to submit to the Broadcasting Tribunal for a warrant to operate the station, which will be a joint effort between the Broadcasting Corporation and the Polytechnic Council, alongside local input from the Independent Broadcasters’ Association. Mr Hunt emphasised the significance of this development, describing it as a major advancement in New Zealand’s broadcast media landscape and a vital extension of adult and community education offered by the Polytechnic. He acknowledged support from Radio New Zealand and the Independent Broadcasters’ Association, which has provided crucial resources like tutors and equipment. However, he expressed disappointment over the Radio Industry Bureau's current inactivity, highlighting the benefits of collaboration among competitive entities particularly in fostering educational initiatives. The proposed community access station is expected to fulfil three main roles: it will serve as a distance learning facility for local education users, provide training opportunities for students at the media studies center, and function as a community access platform for the Christchurch and Canterbury regions. Mr Brian Pauling, the head of the media studies centre, conveyed confidence that the application for a broadcasting licence would be approved, given the thorough research and sound financial backing already in place for the station. Funding for the station will come from community subscriptions, sponsorships, and fees, ensuring its operational sustainability. Currently, the media studies centre operates an FM radio station, Radio One, which broadcasts for two-week spans at the conclusion of each broadcasting course. The latest two-week period ended yesterday, and normal transmissions are scheduled to resume on 14 July 1986. Since 1984, the centre has provided two comprehensive courses on broadcasting topics and runs pre-entry and advanced training courses bi-annually. Community courses on media-related subjects are also available on weekends and evenings, further exemplifying the centre's commitment to enhancing media education and community engagement in broadcasting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860424_2_156.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860424.2.156,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514641600
6948,24,04,1986,"Festival Offers 27 Films From 12 Countries (Press, 24 April 1986)","The 1986 Canterbury Film Festival is set to take place at the Westend from 25 April to 8 May 1986, showcasing a diverse selection of films. This year's festival features 27 films from 12 different countries, with a mix of genres that includes commercial, artistic, and avant-garde offerings. Among the notable entries are two films from prominent experimental directors: Sam Fuller’s thriller ""White Dog"" and Robert Altman’s tragedy ""Streamers."" The event will also introduce two New Zealand films, ""Pallet on the Floor"" and ""Kingpin,"" which are making their Christchurch debuts. Additionally, Australian family film ""Molly (the Singing Dog)"" will be screened. The festival offers an early look at anticipated commercial releases such as Woody Allen's ""The Purple Rose of Cairo"" and ""Plenty,"" featuring Meryl Streep. For those interested in more unconventional fare, the lineup includes John Waters' cult classics ""Pink Flamingos"" and ""Female Trouble,"" along with ""Ladies on the Rocks"" and ""Sweet Movie."" Comedy and horror aficionados can enjoy ""The Man with Two Brains,"" starring Steve Martin, and ""Howling 2,"" which features Christopher Lee. Reservations for screenings at the Westend are recommended, with the possibility of last-minute alterations to the schedule. The festival's opening week features a variety of films, beginning with ""Molly (The Singing Dog)"" showcasing a unique story about a little girl and her singing dog, followed by ""Dream Child,"" a fantasy about the inspiration behind ""Alice in Wonderland."" On the next day, attendees can view the provocative films ""Pink Flamingos"" and ""Female Trouble,"" while a later screening presents ""The Shooting Party,"" highlighting the social dynamics of pre-World War I England. Other highlights of the first week include ""The Ballad of Gregorio Cortez,"" a drama about racial prejudice, and the controversial ""White Dog"" and ""Streamers,"" which confront complex themes of violence and military life. The week continues with ""La Crime (CoverUp),"" a French film about a high-profile assassination, followed by ""Edith’s Diary,"" a German portrayal of psychological distress. The unique artistry of Yukio Mishima is explored in ""Mishima, A Life in Four Chapters,"" and the festival concludes with ""Ladies on the Rocks,"" a Danish comedy that examines the challenges faced by two women trying to perform their cabaret act in rural areas. Overall, the festival promises a rich and varied cinematic experience, suitable for a wide range of tastes and interests in film.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860424_2_76_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860424.2.76.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514641600
6037,24,04,1986,"Keep Conscience Vote Or I Resign—m.p. (Press, 24 April 1986)","On 24 April 1986, during the Labour Party's Central North Island conference in Levin, MP Geoff Braybrooke addressed the contentious issue of the conscience vote for party members. Braybrooke, the representative for Napier and an opponent of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, made it clear that he would resign if the conscience vote were abandoned. His statement came amidst a vigorous debate over a proposal to eliminate the conscience vote, which was ultimately defeated by a show of hands. The discussion at the conference highlighted differing perspectives on how members should vote. One delegate argued that members should sync their votes with the consensus of their electorates, implying that the conscience vote was being used improperly by certain groups to gain undue influence on specific issues. Braybrooke rebutted this notion, advocating for the necessity of individual MPs maintaining the right to vote according to their own beliefs. Aside from the conscience vote debate, the conference addressed various economic matters. A representative from the Caretakers and Cleaners’ Union, Mr Pat Kelly, called for increased New Zealand control over the economy, while Associate Finance Minister Mr de Cleene countered, asserting that wealth cannot be taxed unless it exists. Despite some contention, a remit that advocated greater oversight on foreign loans was adopted after the clause pertaining to strict loan raising controls was removed. In another discussion, a proposal aimed at managing foreign exchange rates was voted down. However, a remit proposing to lower high-interest rates—believed to jeopardise the Labour Party's re-election chances—was approved. This remit called for reduced mortgage rates and gradual cuts in government trading departments' rates, including those from the Post Office. Furthermore, the conference endorsed a review of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and other tax modifications that notably impact low and middle-income earners, as well as beneficiaries, to take place six months after GST’s implementation. Another resolution called for the revocation of the Governor-General’s privileges concerning customs duty and sales tax, which faced some opposition yet was passed. Finally, delegates reached a consensus to prohibit sports event sponsorships by tobacco companies. On housing issues, there was support for providing mortgage finance to all low and middle-income earners at affordable rates. Overall, the conference reflected a blend of social and economic concerns significant to the Labour Party and its constituents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860424_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860424.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514641600
6033,24,04,1986,"New Move On Homosexual Bill (Press, 24 April 1986)","In April 1986, the New Zealand Parliament was set to reconsider the age of consent in the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which originally proposed legalising homosexual acts for those aged 16 and older. Speaker Dr Wall announced that the legislation could return to the committal stage for further examination and potential amendments. A motion to raise the consent age to either 18 or 20 could be considered just before the bill's anticipated third reading on 28 May. National Party member Mr Philip Burdon planned to introduce an amendment to set the age at 19, arguing that this figure better reflected societal expectations in New Zealand. While the provision legalising homosexuality among those 16 and above could be revisited, the portion aimed at preventing discrimination based on sexual orientation had been entirely rejected the previous week and could not be revived. Ms Fran Wilde, the bill's sponsor from the Labour Party, expressed continued optimism regarding the passage of the bill as initially proposed. She acknowledged the voting would likely be very close but refrained from revealing specific numbers. The ongoing discussion regarding the bill had already unfolded over an extended period and suggested that any amendments would further prolong the debate surrounding this contentious issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860424_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860424.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514641600
6036,24,04,1986,"Reaction To Petition (Press, 24 April 1986)","In a letter to the editor published on 24 April 1986, S. M. and G. R. Blackmore expressed their discontent with the New Zealand government’s handling of the proposed Homosexual Law Reform Bill. They highlighted a significant disconnect between the stance of the politicians and the wishes of a large portion of the New Zealand population. Approximately 800,000 New Zealanders had reportedly voiced their opposition to the bill, yet their concerns seemed to be largely disregarded by the government. In contrast, the Blackmores pointed out that the Deputy Prime Minister, Geoffrey Palmer, reacted swiftly to a ""flood of letters"" from 10,232 citizens expressing anxiety over a separate ""tough Crime Bill."" This led to their frustration, as they felt the voices of the majority were being overlooked while the government prioritised the concerns of a much smaller group. The letter questioned the state of democracy in New Zealand, insinuating that the political leadership was selectively responding to public opinion. Overall, the Blackmores conveyed a sense of disappointment and incredulity regarding the political process related to both bills.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860424_2_85_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860424.2.85.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514641600
6034,24,04,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 24 April 1986)","On 24 April 1986, a petition urging the New Zealand Government to address the ongoing struggles faced by rural areas due to its policies was presented to Parliament. The petition, initiated by Peter Robinson and supported by 875 others, was brought forward by Mr R. J. Gerard, a National Party member representing Rangiora. Alongside the presentation of the petition, the annual report on Parliamentary petitions was also shared. During this parliamentary session, ministers fielded 17 questions from members. After this series of inquiries, a two-hour general debate took place. Following the debate, the Minister of Labour and National member for Dunedin North, Mr Rodger, proposed the Dunedin City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering Bill. This bill successfully passed its first reading and was subsequently referred to the Internal Affairs and Local Government Select Committee for further examination. Additionally, Mr Rodger introduced the Dunedin District Drainage and Sewerage Amendment Bill, which also gained approval for its first reading and was directed to the same select committee. The House then took a dinner break at 5.30 p.m. Once the session resumed at 7.30 p.m., the Speaker, Dr Wall, delivered a ruling related to the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Following a voice vote, this bill was earmarked for further consideration in the committee stage. During the evening session, Democratic member for East Coast Bays, Mr G. T. Knapp, attempted to introduce the Electoral (Representation Commission) Amendment Bill; however, this motion was ultimately defeated with a vote of 69 to 2 against it. Furthermore, the National member for New Plymouth, Mr A. P. D. Friedlander, introduced the New Zealand Geographic Board (Mount Egmont) Amendment Bill. Similar to the previous bills proposed by Mr Rodger, this one also passed its first reading and was forwarded to the Internal Affairs and Local Government Select Committee. The parliamentary session concluded for the day at 10.59 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860424_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860424.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514641600
7123,26,04,1986,"A.I.D.S. Play Divides The Community At Risk (Press, 26 April 1986)","In an interview with Larry Kramer, author of the poignant play “The Normal Heart,” William Scobie of the London Observer explores the themes and impact of this important work that addresses the AIDS crisis of the 1980s. The play has resonated deeply with audiences, particularly during two powerful moments: a poignant scene where a character reveals the brutal symptoms of AIDS, and another where two seemingly heterosexual characters share a surprising kiss. This moment often leaves audiences stunned, with no one walking out despite its intense three-hour duration. “The Normal Heart,” which had its premiere in New York in April 1985 before opening in London, serves as both a personal memoir and a political commentary. It confronts the indifference of the Reagan administration and wider societal attitudes towards the gay community during the AIDS epidemic. With characters portrayed by notable actors including Richard Dreyfuss and Bruce Davison, the play reflects the struggle for recognition and action amid the growing health crisis that had already claimed thousands of lives. Larry Kramer, 50, is not only a playwright but also a formidable activist. He co-founded the Gay Men’s Health Crisis (GMHC) in New York in 1981, aiming to push for urgent political action and awareness regarding AIDS. Kramer criticises the lack of media coverage and governmental response, highlighting a stark contrast between reactions to other public health crises and the apathy shown toward AIDS, which affected the gay community. His earlier works, including the controversial novel ""Faggots,"" have drawn criticism from within the gay community for their portrayal of gay life. However, Kramer remains committed to his belief that activism is essential. He uses “The Normal Heart” as a means to galvanise public sentiment and reflect the urgent need for change, following the loss of many, including his own lover to the disease. While some within the gay activist community have expressed discontent with Kramer's self-portrayal in the play, it has generally received critical acclaim. The role of Ned Weeks, which reflects Kramer’s own personality traits, has attracted talented actors, showcasing the blend of personal and political dimensions that characterises the piece. Martin Sheen, who is currently performing the role in London, describes his involvement as both a tribute to his mentor, Joe Papp, and as a commitment to a significant cause. The play's impact is undeniable, capturing the struggles, fears, and resilience of a community facing a devastating health crisis, while also sparking necessary conversation around the political and social negligence that exacerbated the situation. Barbara Streisand's purchase of the screen rights indicates the ongoing relevance of Kramer’s work, ensuring that its message continues to resonate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860426_2_100_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860426.2.100.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514814400
7747,26,04,1986,"Child A.i.d.s. Virus Victim To Live In N.z. (Press, 26 April 1986)","On April 22, 1986, it was reported that the parents of a three-year-old girl, Eve Van Grafhorst, who has Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), have decided to relocate from Australia to New Zealand due to the hostility they faced in their community. The family has been living in a small town in New South Wales called Gosford since Eve's condition was diagnosed after she contracted the virus from a blood transfusion at birth. Despite assurances from local health officials that Eve posed no health risk to others, the family experienced significant social exclusion and discrimination. Mrs Gloria Van Grafhorst recounted distressing incidents where neighbours reacted aggressively towards them, such as spitting at her, making attempts to harm their pet dog, and constructing a high fence to prevent Eve from interacting with local children. In contrast, the support and kindness offered to them in New Zealand were markedly different, with Mrs Van Grafhorst noting that they felt welcomed and treated with humanity by people they did not know. A fundraising campaign named ""Life For Eve"" was initiated in New Zealand shortly after the family’s announcement, successfully raising over $A5,000 to assist with their relocation costs within hours. Mrs Van Grafhorst suggested that New Zealanders seem better informed about the realities of AIDS and more accepting, which is a stark departure from the attitudes they've encountered in Gosford. Eve herself showed a cheerful disposition despite her medical challenges, which include swollen lymph nodes and a low blood platelet count. Her situation had led to her being banned from kindergarten because many parents were unwilling to allow their children to associate with her. The family's move is seen as a hopeful step towards finding a more supportive community for Eve and themselves.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860426_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860426.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514814400
6039,28,04,1986,"Best Film Of Year So Far (Press, 28 April 1986)","""Kiss of the Spider Woman,"" directed by Hector Babenco and based on the novel by Manuel Puig, explores the themes of human despair and the escape into illusion as a means of survival under oppressive conditions. Released in 1986, the film is set in a squalid prison in a totalitarian Latin American country, where two cellmates—the disciplined revolutionary Valentin, played by Raul Julia, and the effeminate homosexual Molina, portrayed by William Hurt—are forced to coexist despite their contrasting worldviews. Valentin lives in fear of torture and interrogation as he grapples with the realities of his political beliefs, while Molina uses his imagination to cope with the harshness of prison life. He crafts elaborate tales inspired by old films, which serve not only as a means of escape for himself but slowly draw Valentin into their fantasy world. Though initially dismissive of Molina's obsession with film and indulgent nature, Valentin begins to find an unexpected connection with his cellmate's stories. Among the film's unique elements is its structure, comprising multiple layers—action in the prison cell, a film within the film, and flashbacks to the characters' pasts. This complexity facilitates an exploration of friendship, betrayal, and the humanity that transcends their circumstances. In one powerful, tender moment, Molina cares for an ill Valentin, revealing the deep bonds formed under duress, despite their stark differences. Babenco’s direction is marked by vivid depictions of human degradation, reminiscent of his previous work in ""Pixote,"" which won him international acclaim. Despite the film's heavy themes and the exploration of homosexuality that some viewers may find unsettling, Hurt's performance is notable and deserving of accolades, including the Academy Award for Best Actor. His portrayal of Molina balances sensitivity and drama, effectively embodying both compassion and the excesses of the film's emotional landscape. The film also presents a complex view of femininity through the character of the women portrayed by Sonia Braga, who are linked to themes of betrayal and the male experience, adding another layer of intrigue and ambiguity to the narrative. Ultimately, ""Kiss of the Spider Woman"" stands out as a significant work that engages with fresh storytelling, breaking away from the conventional narratives of its time, and is considered one of the finest films of 1986. Filmed in English in Brazil, it features American actors Hurt and Julia, who opted for a profit-sharing arrangement instead of upfront salaries, contributing to the film's unique production history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860428_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860428.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514987200
6038,28,04,1986,"C.p.i. A Fraud, Party Told (Press, 28 April 1986)","In a speech delivered at the Democratic Party's northern regional conference, newly appointed deputy leader Mr Neil Morrison openly criticized the consumers' price index (C.P.I.). He claimed that the C.P.I. does not accurately reflect the actual costs faced by average citizens, particularly the less affluent. According to Morrison, the index includes luxury items such as home computers, restaurant expenses, and air travel, which he argued are beyond the financial reach of the lower-paid workforce. He highlighted that the prices of many luxury goods are decreasing, while essential costs burden families trying to manage their household expenses, particularly mortgage payments. Morrison described the C.P.I. as a “cruel fraud,” asserting that it misrepresents the financial realities of ordinary New Zealand families. He noted that the index fails to capture the struggles of those who are financially strained, suggesting that it is disconnected from the everyday experiences of average New Zealanders. The deputy leader also raised concerns regarding the introduction of a goods and services tax, which he argued would exacerbate the situation. He stated that while luxury goods would not be subject to this tax, essential items, which many families depend on, would be taxed, further complicating the economic hardships faced by the lower-income demographic. During the conference, delegates voted on various remits, including one aimed at abolishing Māori seats in Parliament, which was decisively rejected. However, they passed a remit to make homosexual law reform a topic of conscience, indicating a shift in party considerations towards social issues. Overall, Morrison’s address underscored a growing concern within the party about the implications of free-market policies on New Zealand’s poorer communities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860428_2_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860428.2.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,514987200
7440,30,04,1986,"British Pop Scene Spawns Another Oddity (Press, 30 April 1986)","A new trend in the music scene has emerged that is causing quite a stir among parents concerned about their teenagers' musical choices. This trend features a group known as Sigue Sigue Sputnik, fronted by Martin Degville, who embodies the concept of a ""shemale"". Unlike previous gender-bending acts like Boy George or Marilyn, Degville's performance integrates raw macho violence with a provocative aesthetic that raises questions about gender identity. Degville, hailing from a tough West Midlands housing estate, is known for his flamboyant style, which includes long spiky hair, blacked-out eyes, and a fishnet mask. He wears bisexual clothing and has been noted for inciting audience violence, using racist jokes and obscenities to provoke both attendees and those around him during performances. This volatile atmosphere has led to physical altercations, including one incident in Coventry where Degville was struck and required seven stitches. As the public grapples with Degville’s persona, an analysis reminiscent of the reactions to Boy George has begun to surface in media discussions. Raised in a challenging working-class environment, Degville originally worked as a clothes designer and even shared accommodation with Boy George in Birmingham before venturing into music. Interestingly, Degville lacks a conventional musical background, but the group achieved a measure of success with their hit single ""Love Missile F-111,"" which climbed to No. 2 on the British charts. Known for his love of fashion, Degville recalls childhood memories of playing dress-up in his mother’s clothes, proudly declaring himself ""the prettiest man alive"". His self-deprecating humour extends to a recognition of his prominent ears, which he often tape back when performing, with a crew member on hand for emergency adjustments. Despite the initial buzz and outrage surrounding Sigue Sigue Sputnik and Degville’s provocative act, critics speculate that the group may not endure in the long term, potentially fading into relative obscurity within the music industry. Nonetheless, any teenager seeking to attend a Sigue Sigue Sputnik concert is likely to provoke a dismayed reaction from their parents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860430_2_186.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860430.2.186,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515160000
6040,30,04,1986,"Other Ailments Diagnosed As A.I.D.S. —... (Press, 30 April 1986)","A study by Dr Harry Hollander, the director of a clinic in San Francisco, revealed that a significant number of patients incorrectly diagnosed with A.I.D.S. actually suffered from other conditions. According to the research, published in the March 1986 issue of the ""Western Journal of Medicine,"" approximately 10 per cent of 80 patients referred to the clinic had alternate ailments ranging from tuberculosis to heart disease. One particular case highlighted the grave consequences of such misdiagnoses; a patient died of untreated cancer because it was misidentified as A.I.D.S. Dr Hollander noted that the misdiagnosis rate in the San Francisco area could be higher than elsewhere in the country. He attributed this to a tendency among local doctors to overly emphasise A.I.D.S. when assessing patients, especially those within high-risk groups, such as homosexual men. He explained that this focus could lead to “pigeonholing” patients based on prevalent notions surrounding the disease. Many patients arrived at their physicians' offices already concerned about A.I.D.S., contributing to diagnostic errors. The study identified several cases where patients were misdiagnosed. For instance, a homosexual man of 33 was sent to the clinic for lymphadenopathy, a condition often associated with A.I.D.S. However, further examination revealed he was suffering from a specific type of tuberculosis impacting lymph nodes. Another case involved a 37-year-old patient who presented with chest pain and was misdiagnosed with A.I.D.S.-related pneumonia due to misinterpretation of an X-ray, while he actually had blocked arteries. A 20-year-old winery worker, who complained of fatigue and pain under his arm, was assumed to be homosexual based on his living situation and was sent to the clinic under false assumptions. After examination, he was found to have a muscle strain caused by lifting heavy boxes, and not a serious illness as suspected. Lastly, a 54-year-old man presenting symptoms like fever, chills, and cough was also misdiagnosed. His doctor initially believed he had A.I.D.S.-related pneumonia; however, further checks revealed Hodgkin’s disease, which tragically went untreated for four months due to poor diagnostic practices. Dr Hollander stressed the importance of adhering to stringent diagnostic criteria to prevent patients from being unnecessarily distressed by misdiagnoses and to ensure timely treatment for unrelated conditions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860430_2_207.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860430.2.207,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515160000
6748,30,04,1986,"Student Bursary (Press, 30 April 1986)","In a letter published on 30 April 1986, Kevin J. Casey, a student from Lincoln College, critiques the New Zealand University Students' Association (N.Z.U.S.A.) for its recent proposals to the government regarding student financial support. The N.Z.U.S.A. has proposed an increase in weekly bursary payments from $70 to $115, as well as government coverage of tuition fees for foreign students, currently set at $9,000 per year. Additionally, the association is advocating for universities to employ full-time paid special group advisers to support various student demographics, including Māori, Pacific Islanders, women, overseas students, disabled individuals, mature students, part-time students, and members of the LGBTQ+ community. Casey argues that the association's request for the bursary system to continue supporting students who fail their first year due to adjustment issues is excessive. He expresses strong disapproval of the proposals, describing them as ""ridiculous and stupid in the extreme,"" particularly in the context of the current economic climate. Casey contends that the demands put forward by the N.Z.U.S.A. could undermine its credibility, suggesting that students should acknowledge the government's role in providing any form of bursary at all. Overall, the letter reflects a critical perspective on the ambitions of the student association amidst the financial constraints facing the government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860430_2_96_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860430.2.96.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515160000
6041,01,05,1986,"M.P. Backs Bill To Ban Myxomatosis (Press, 1 May 1986)","On 1 May 1986, Mr Neil Morrison, the Democratic member of Parliament for Pakuranga, announced his intention to introduce a private member’s bill aimed at banning the disease myxomatosis. This decision comes in response to the Government's consideration of reintroducing the disease, which has raised significant concerns among various stakeholders. Mr Morrison expressed his dismay at the Government's shift in stance, stating that he was “appalled” by the move. The Under-Secretary of Agriculture, Mr Butcher, had indicated earlier in the week that the Government was responding to a request from the Agricultural Pest Destruction Council. The council believed that reintroducing myxomatosis would serve as a cost-effective method to manage and reduce the rabbit population to levels that would be easier to control. However, Mr Morrison strongly disagrees with this approach, characterising it as a “cheap quick-fix solution.” He highlighted the inhumane nature of the disease and questioned its long-term effectiveness. Furthermore, he raised concerns that myxomatosis could pose risks to other species and the broader ecological system. Mr Morrison noted that his bill had been prepared for several months but had faced delays due to legislative blockages caused by other bills, notably the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. With Mr Butcher's recent announcement regarding myxomatosis, Mr Morrison felt a renewed sense of urgency and committed to introducing his bill at the earliest opportunity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860501_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860501.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515246400
7386,01,05,1986,"New Ways To Stave Off A.I.D.S.? (Press, 1 May 1986)","Research has emerged suggesting that the A.I.D.S. virus (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) might kill crucial immune system cells by inducing them to undergo self-destruction, according to Professor Nancy Ruddle from Yale University School of Medicine. During a recent science seminar, Ruddle explained that the A.I.D.S. virus may cause T4 immune cells to produce excessively high levels of a protein called lymphotoxin, which subsequently leads to their death. This hypothesis is being considered as a potential avenue for developing methods to delay the progression of the disease. Ruddle clarified, however, that the theory linking virus-induced lymphotoxin to immune system damage is yet to be conclusively proven. As of now, A.I.D.S. has impacted 18,576 individuals in the United States, resulting in 9,865 fatalities. The virus is known to target T4 cells, essential for fighting infections, thereby crippling the body’s immune responses. The professor pointed out that while T cells usually produce lymphotoxin to combat germs, the A.I.D.S. virus may cause T4 cells to generate it in excess without any targets to act upon. This imbalance may lead to the death of the cell that produces lymphotoxin or nearby T cells. Her experimental observations indicated that infected human T4 cells, when cultured, produce abnormal amounts of a substance likely to be lymphotoxin, which ultimately results in their death. Nevertheless, she noted that this substance has not yet been definitively identified as lymphotoxin. Additional research is being conducted to seek more evidence regarding the presence of lymphotoxin in the blood of individuals diagnosed with A.I.D.S. or a less severe condition known as A.I.D.S.-related complex. Experts in the field, including Mr Frank Rauscher from the Cancer Society and Dr Samuel Broder from the National Cancer Institute, have expressed interest in this hypothesis but also stressed the necessity for further investigation before drawing any solid conclusions. If Ruddle's theory proves to be valid, it could lead to therapeutic strategies focused on inhibiting lymphotoxin production or its effects. Such treatments might be able to manage A.I.D.S. in patients whose immune systems remain functional, although they would not eliminate the virus itself, leaving the possibility open for antiviral medications to perform their role concurrently. Scientists continue to search for effective drugs aimed at eradicating the A.I.D.S. virus altogether.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860501_2_197.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860501.2.197,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515246400
6043,01,05,1986,"Offence To Leer (Press, 1 May 1986)","In a letter to the editor published on 1 May 1986, a writer named Ray Spring expressed his support for a new legislation at Victoria University that classifies ""leering"" as an offence. Spring believes that this regulation is not only timely but should be implemented across New Zealand for broader societal benefit. He questions why leering should only be penalised on the university campus and suggests that the police should also take action against such behaviour in public spaces, specifically mentioning the Square. Spring argues that addressing leering, alongside loitering, could significantly reduce unsavoury activities in public areas. He advocates for a more robust legal approach by proposing that leering be considered a major offence in New Zealand. Additionally, he raises the contentious suggestion to decriminalise homosexual activity while advocating for the criminalisation of leering, indicating a complex stance on issues of morality and legality within the context of societal norms during the 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860501_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860501.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515246400
6042,01,05,1986,"Reaction To Petition (Press, 1 May 1986)","In a letter published on 1 May 1986, L. A. H. Bogren responds to a previous piece by S. M. and G. R. Blackmore regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Bogren expresses concern that politicians who supported the bill appear to be following a trend of modern liberalism, which he critically likens to a “lais-sez-faire” attitude. He argues that this liberalism prioritises individual freedom at the expense of community values. Bogren contends that even if the petition against the bill had gathered only 100,000 signatures from eligible voters, it still warranted attention from representatives in Parliament. Specifically, he highlights an incident where a member of Parliament from a North Island electorate voted for the reform despite a local petition opposing it, which had been signed by 80 per cent of constituents. This oversight suggests a disconnect between representatives and the views of their electorate, which Bogren predicts may lead to some politicians losing their positions in the next election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860501_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860501.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515246400
7859,03,05,1986,"Court Upholds Decision On Nude Male Calendars (Press, 3 May 1986)","On 3 May 1986, the Court of Appeal in Wellington upheld a District Court Judge's ruling that calendars featuring nude males were not considered indecent under the Indecent Publications Act of 1963. The case arose when the Collector of Customs objected to a shipment of 20 illustrated calendars imported by Lawrence Publishing Company, Ltd, asserting they fell under the category of indecent publications. The Collector sought to prohibit the importation according to section 48 of the Customs Act. The District Court, presided over by Judge Blackwood in Auckland, heard the case and ultimately decided against the Collector, citing that the calendars did not pose any harm to the public good, a key criterion outlined in the Indecent Publications Act. Sir Owen Woodhouse, president of the Court, noted in his judgment that Judge Blackwood had applied the appropriate legal test and recognised existing divergences in judicial opinions regarding the interpretation of “indecent.” The decision was backed by the majority of the five judges on the bench, including Justices Cooke, Richardson, McMullin, and Somers. Justice Cooke emphasised the issues of legal precedent in the case, questioning whether the Court of Appeal could overrule earlier decisions made by a smaller panel, particularly when no new interpretations had emerged since. He noted their lack of direct engagement with the materials in question, specifically mentioning that they had not reviewed the specific calendar in question. Justice Cooke suggested that the case be sent back to the District Court for further consideration based on interpretations outlined in a separate precedent involving the media. Meanwhile, Justice Somers expressed his belief that the appeal should also be allowed to return the case to the District Court for reevaluation. In summary, the Court of Appeal's majority concluded that the imported calendars did not meet the standard of being deemed indecent, affirming the lower court's ruling and instigating a broader discussion on the interpretation of indecency within the legal framework.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860503_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860503.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515419200
6044,05,05,1986,"Reaction To Petition (Press, 5 May 1986)","In a letter to the editor published on 5 May 1986, P. J. R. Dunford critiques the claim that 835,000 New Zealanders signed a petition against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Dunford argues that the number, often cited in Parliament, is likely inflated and that a more accurate figure would be around 100,000, as suggested by L. A. H. Bogren. He points out inconsistencies in the assertions made by supporters of the petition, particularly their claim that 80 per cent of the population in specific electorates, such as Hamilton West and Mangere, signed it. Dunford highlights that while it is true some locals did sign the petition, such high percentages are unrealistic and represent a significant exaggeration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860505_2_75_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860505.2.75.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515592000
6045,05,05,1986,"Whips Clash Over House Schedule (Press, 5 May 1986)","On 5 May 1986, tensions rose between the National and Labour Party whips in the New Zealand Parliament as they debated the effectiveness of the new Parliamentary timetable. MPs were enjoying their first day of a three-week break following a week where Parliament had sat for an extended 29 and a half hours under urgency provisions. This week saw heated exchanges in the chamber, leading to the ejection of three National MPs and the walkout of a group in protest. The Chief Opposition Whip, Mr Don McKinnon, expressed dissatisfaction with the new Parliamentary hours, asserting that they were not functioning as intended. In response, the Government's Chief Whip, Dr Michael Cullen, refuted these claims, accusing the Opposition of wasting time. Dr Cullen also criticized former Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon, claiming he was undermining National's house tactics. The new Standing Orders mandated that MPs sit for three days but required longer hours. McKinnon highlighted that Parliament had sat for only 21 days, indicating a growing urgency to pass legislation. He noted that 50 bills had been carried over from the previous session, with another 17 introduced since then, but only eight had successfully progressed through all stages that year. He claimed the Government had been overly generous in allowing time for private members’ business, particularly referencing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, and warned that such an approach could not continue indefinitely. In contrast, Dr Cullen disagreed with McKinnon's assessment, insisting that the Government was not lagging in its legislative agenda. He stated that few bills were awaiting introduction and that all necessary legislation had been passed, despite what he described as significant time-wasting by the Opposition, which necessitated the recent urgency. He cautioned that Sir Robert's interference with National’s tactics could jeopardise the leadership of Mr Bolger, predicting it would lead to a downfall similar to that of the previous leader, Mr McLay.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860505_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860505.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515592000
6046,07,05,1986,"Age And Homosexuality (Press, 7 May 1986)","The Court Theatre is set to present two new productions that tackle the themes of age and homosexuality, each exploring the human experience through different narratives. The first play, ""A Place on Earth,"" written by Canadian playwright Betty Jane Wylie and directed by lanthe Taylor, will open in the Court’s Studio on 9 May 1986. The story centres around an elderly woman, Peggy Woodgreen, portrayed by Shirley Kelly. Living alone in a single room, which she refers to as her ""place on earth,"" Peggy grapples with feelings of despair and loneliness. Wylie, in preparation for the play, immersed herself in the life of a 65-year-old woman with limited resources, experiencing life in a similar situation herself. The narrative delves into Peggy's struggles to live on her meagre pension as a retired school teacher and widow while also confronting the trauma of rape. Taylor highlighted that although the play originates from Canada, its themes resonate locally, as they encountered similar situations experienced by individuals in New Zealand during their research, which involved consultations with organisations like the Arthritis Society and Rape Crisis. Following ""A Place on Earth,"" the Court Theatre will debut ""Torchsong Trilogy"" by Harvey Fierstein on 17 May 1986, directed by Tony Taylor. This production is an anthology of three interrelated one-act plays that revolve around the experiences of the same characters. The narrative is unified through the character of Lady Blues, a nightclub singer, whose music underscores the poignant situations faced by the characters. The lead role of Arnold, a Jewish cabaret performer who identifies as homosexual, is played by Stuart Devenie. The narrative explores Arnold’s complex relationship with Ed, and the ensuing conflicts with Arnold's mother, portrayed by Judie Douglass. The play infuses New York-style humour, which lightens the weight of the characters' issues in relation to societal prejudices. The cast also includes Peter Elliot as Ed and a supporting ensemble of Jon Pheloung, Anthony Hodgson, and Alison Quigan. Mary Brennan steps in as Lady Blues, with John Densem accompanying her on piano. Both productions highlight significant social issues while showcasing strong performances, aiming to resonate with audiences through their exploration of deep, personal themes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860507_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860507.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,515764800
6048,19,05,1986,"‘Torch Song Trilogy’ (Press, 19 May 1986)","The review for ""Torch Song Trilogy,"" written by Harvey Fierstein and directed by Tony Taylor, showcases an impressive production at the Court Theatre that began on May 17, 1986. Reviewer John Farnsworth highlights the play's ability to elicit a rare standing ovation from the audience, noting its significant emotional depth and integrity. The play closely examines the life of Arnold, a New York nightclub drag queen, played compellingly by Stuart Devenie, and his complicated relationship with Ed, portrayed by Peter Elliot. Farnsworth appreciates how the production does not depict the homosexual experience as an alien world but rather aligns it with broader human experiences of love, commitment, and trust that resonate in both gay and straight relationships. The narrative unfolds through a trilogy structure, addressing recurring themes of heartache and societal challenges faced by its characters. The first part explores Arnold's life in the gay underworld through vignettes, the second delves into intimate relationships with a series of bold scenes, and the third confronts the prejudices of the straight world, particularly through Arnold's interaction with his mother. The reviewer commends the production for its combination of humour and poignant moments, attributing its success to Taylor’s sensitive direction, which skillfully develops the emotional arcs while navigating transitions from darkness to light. The performances receive high praise, particularly Devenie's portrayal of Arnold, which is described as charming and deeply honest. Elliot's role as Ed is noted as one of the highlights of his career, with his chemistry with Devenie yielding some of the most touching moments. Supporting characters, played by Alison Quigan, John Pheloung, and Judie Douglass, enrich the narrative, adding warmth and depth to the exploration of relationships. Farnsworth identifies some minor design issues and mismatches with the ""torch songs"" featured in the production but asserts that these shortcomings are vastly overshadowed by the cast's energy and commitment. Overall, the review declares ""Torch Song Trilogy"" to be one of the finest theatrical productions seen at the Court Theatre in recent years and highly recommends it to audiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860519_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860519.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,516801600
6049,19,05,1986,"Clerks Vote In Favour Of ‘gay’ Law (Press, 19 May 1986)","On 19 May 1986, the Clerical Workers’ Union in Wellington publicly expressed its support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The acting secretary, Ms Christine Gillespie, highlighted the importance of rejecting discrimination that affects clerical workers, particularly concerning job access, fair wages, promotions, and overall employment advantages. Gillespie stated that the union would actively confront any actions or policies that perpetrate prejudice against its lesbian and gay members. She emphasised that any harassment or discriminatory treatment faced by lesbian or gay clerical workers due to their sexual orientation would not be tolerated by the union. Moreover, Gillespie highlighted the existing challenges faced by female clerical workers, including underpayment, overwork, and being overlooked for promotions, as well as being denied maternity leave rights. She articulated that the added layer of discrimination based on sexual orientation was an additional injustice that clerical workers had to endure. The union insisted on the need for recognition and respect for all clerical workers' skilled contributions, regardless of their gender or sexual orientation. Gillespie called on members of Parliament who opposed equal job opportunities for lesbian and gay individuals to reflect on their positions. She argued that a worker's sexual orientation does not hinder their job performance or merit. Gillespie concluded by stressing the urgency of passing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which would empower unions to better advocate for the job rights of all their members. The union's stance exemplifies a growing awareness and commitment to equality and non-discrimination in the workplace during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860519_2_183.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860519.2.183,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,516801600
6047,19,05,1986,"N.Z. Coping Well —A.I.D.S. Author (Press, 19 May 1986)","On 19 May 1986, Dennis Altman, an Australian author renowned for his work on A.I.D.S., expressed confidence in New Zealand's management of the A.I.D.S. crisis. In his book ""A.I.D.S. and the New Puritanism,"" Altman compared the response to A.I.D.S. in various regions, criticising how it has been handled in parts of the United States. He commended New Zealand for its approach, attributing the nation's success to the belief in government-provided basic health care. Altman praised the New Zealand Government, stating it is one of the best globally, and highlighted the Minister's recognition of the importance of counselling, education, and treatment for addressing the disease. He noted the cooperative efforts between the Government and the A.I.D.S. Foundation, which he believed were effective in preventing a rapid spread of the epidemic within the country. However, Altman identified a significant challenge: the intertwining of the fight against A.I.D.S. with the discussion around homosexual law reform. This connection, he argued, had led to some distressing statements from political figures, complicating rational discourse on the disease. While Australians often view New Zealand positively, Altman expressed dismay at certain comments made by opponents of the reform bill, which seemed to suggest that some individuals were indifferent to the suffering of homosexual men. He pointed out that the majority of A.I.D.S. cases worldwide did not involve homosexual men. Altman remarked on the irrational fears and panic surrounding A.I.D.S., acknowledging that while fear of disease is natural, it often disregards the advice of medical professionals who confirm that most people are not at risk. His insights underscore the importance of focusing on informed discussions and support in tackling the A.I.D.S. epidemic, rather than allowing stigma and fear to overshadow rationality and compassion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860519_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860519.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,516801600
6050,20,05,1986,"Actor Investigated (Press, 20 May 1986)","The United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) expressed concern over Rock Hudson's potential portrayal of a Federal agent in films, according to new documents released as part of a recent request under the Freedom of Information Act. Despite never being subjected to a criminal investigation, Hudson's private life attracted scrutiny from several FBI offices in the 1960s. The information came to light following a report by the ""Dallas Times Herald,"" which obtained Hudson's file. The revelations echo claims made by Penthouse Magazine last year that first highlighted the existence of the FBI file. Documents indicate that the FBI launched two investigations in response to media speculation regarding Hudson's casting as a Federal agent. One of these inquiries spanned nearly three months and concluded after agents discovered he was set to play a New York police officer instead. Regrettably, Hudson, who was 59 years old, passed away in October 1985 from AIDS, a disease predominantly affecting homosexual men. The investigations into Hudson's professional roles not only reflect the attitudes of the time but also the complexities surrounding his personal life and career.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860520_2_84_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860520.2.84.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,516888000
6950,22,05,1986,"Half-hour Dramas (Press, 22 May 1986)","On 22 May 1986, four New Zealand-produced dramas, each lasting approximately half an hour, were set to be screened at the Academy in Christchurch at 5 p.m. on the following Sunday. These films are part of a collection of seven created by Bridget Ikin and John Maynard from Hibiscus Films, who were scheduled to attend the event. After the screening, the producers would be available for discussions with audience members at the nearby Dux-de-Lux Tavern. The event was organised by Film and Video Access, a local group dedicated to promoting film. The dramas, acquired through the Film Commission, were praised for their exceptional format, colour, and content, and tackle adult themes. The featured titles include ""Jewel's Dari,"" which explores a day in the life of both a transexual and a transvestite; ""My First Suit,"" a comedic narrative about a young man's experience at his first school dance wearing a suit; ""Universal Drive,"" which portrays the ramifications of a car theft and the ensuing chase; and ""Danny Raewyn,"" an honest examination of marital problems. Notably, this screening marked the first time any of these four dramas had been presented in the South Island. Reservations were available through the Academy for those interested in attending the event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860522_2_68_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860522.2.68.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517060800
6949,22,05,1986,"Virus Scare At Prison (Press, 22 May 1986)","In May 1986, a transvestite inmate at Mount Eden Prison in Auckland caused alarm when he tested positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies following a self-mutilation incident. The inmate slashed his hand with a broken bottle and threatened prison guards while being held in the isolation ward of the medical block. This incident raised concerns among both the guards and fellow inmates regarding the potential spread of A.I.D.S., particularly in a facility that has seen its share of health scares. The prison's medical staff were initially uncertain about the inmate’s condition when he self-harmed. Tests indicated a possible positive result for A.I.D.S. antibodies, prompting significant worry in the prison. However, subsequent evaluations led officials to believe that the inmate actually had hepatitis rather than A.I.D.S. Following the incident, Mr. Humphrey Stroud, the superintendent of the prison, confirmed that medical staff had clarified the situation and assured him of the inmate's hepatitis diagnosis. In light of the incident and the concerns raised, prison administrators provided guidelines to officers, allowing them the option to refuse interaction with inmates perceived as high-risk, without fear of retribution. The inmate had been sentenced to 14 days in prison or until a fine was paid. After making the threat, he was eventually released back into the community. The A.I.D.S. scare in the 110-year-old institution was notably unprecedented, having only emerged a couple of weeks prior to this incident. In a separate, unrelated note, the Yaldhurst Transport Museum received a significant addition in the form of an 8-metre Montague whaler, which had been a part of Oaklands School's playground equipment for 11 years before its donation. Museum director Mr. Grant Cooper explained the historical significance of the boat, speculating that it might be around 59 years old, although the exact age is undetermined due to the removal of its identification number. The boat, which had last been used by H.M.S. Black Prince, a cruiser that was decommissioned in 1959, is set to undergo restoration and display at the museum.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860522_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860522.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517060800
6051,23,05,1986,"A.I.D.S. Information (Press, 23 May 1986)","On 23 May 1986, a letter addressed to the editor by Ross R. Bailey responded to claims made by Dennis Altman, an Australian author, regarding the demographics of A.I.D.S. sufferers globally. Altman suggested that most A.I.D.S. patients were not homosexual. However, Bailey countered this assertion with data specific to Australia, highlighting that as of 29 April 1986, the National Health and Medical Research Unit reported 203 cases of A.I.D.S. in the country. Of these cases, a staggering 195, which accounted for 96 per cent, were males, and 139 of those cases (69 per cent) originated from New South Wales. Bailey noted that 99 patients (49 per cent) had already died from the disease. He pointed out that the data did not support Altman's claims about the risk factors. Specifically, Bailey indicated that out of the total cases, 178 (88 per cent) were homosexual or bisexual men, and only a small number of cases were linked to other potential risk factors. Just two individuals were recorded as intravenous drug users, and no patients were categorised solely as such. Bailey also detailed that among the remaining patients, 19 were recipients of infected blood transfusions, three had haemophilia, and one patient had no identifiable risk factor. His letter aimed to challenge the accuracy of Altman's statements and present a clearer picture of the A.I.D.S. situation in Australia, reinforcing the predominant association with homosexual or bisexual men during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860523_2_101_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860523.2.101.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517147200
6052,24,05,1986,"Even Hollywood Super-stars Face The Mid-life... (Press, 24 May 1986)","In a revealing article from May 24, 1986, David Lewin examines the personal and professional struggles of Hollywood star Robert Redford as he approaches his 50th birthday. Redford, known for his striking looks and successful career, has faced a mid-life crisis, manifesting in various aspects of his life. Recently separated from his wife of 27 years, his new partner, actress Debra Winger, is 20 years his junior. Critics have noted a decline in Redford's acting prowess, particularly in his latest film ""Out of Africa,"" which fails to reach the acclaim of his earlier works like “Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid” and “The Sting.” The article includes a poignant poem written by one of his children, highlighting Redford's commitment to maintaining his physical appearance. However, it suggests that his efforts feel increasingly inadequate as he navigates the pressures of aging in an industry that often prioritises youth and beauty. William Goldman, a close associate and screenwriter for many of Redford's films, states that very few beautiful actors sustain their appeal, implying that Redford’s struggle with ""role insecurity"" is indicative of broader trends in Hollywood. Redford’s previous roles typically positioned him as the handsome lead, overshadowing his female co-stars. Yet, as he faces the challenge of taking on roles that do not align with his carefully crafted image, he has become uncomfortable with the expectations placed upon him. An anecdote recounts an instance where Redford backed out of “The Verdict,” a film that required him to play a flawed character, further indicating his reluctance to abandon his polished persona. Despite his avoidance of Hollywood’s high-profile events, opting instead for quieter retreats in Utah, the underlying self-doubt has always lingered. An early comment from a studio executive compared him unfavourably to other California blondes, spurring Redford to carve out a distinct identity. His purchase of 7,000 acres in Utah, known as Sundance, reflects his desire for solitude and separation from the Hollywood elite. As he prepares to star in “Legal Eagles,” Redford seeks a return to lighter roles reminiscent of his earlier successes. Even as he grapples with the pressures of fame, a new romance, and uncertain career prospects, he remains a compelling figure set against the backdrop of a changing industry. Lewin ends by reflecting on the ambiguity of Redford’s future, as the veteran actor continues to run the race of life in the pursuit of lasting success.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860524_2_92_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860524.2.92.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517233600
7749,27,05,1986,"A.i.d.s. Victim Family To Move To N.z. (Press, 27 May 1986)","Eve Van Grafhorst, a three-year-old A.I.D.S. victim, and her family are preparing to move to New Zealand to escape the abuse and ignorance they have faced in their home town of Kincumber, near Gosford, New South Wales. Eve contracted A.I.D.S. through a blood transfusion at birth and is currently suffering from second-stage A.I.D.S. Since her diagnosis became public, the family has endured significant ostracism, with Eve being barred from play school twice and local families distancing themselves from her. A neighbour even constructed a steel fence to keep her away from their property, despite assurances from health authorities that the virus could not be transmitted through casual contact. During a recent visit to Hastings, where Mrs Van Grafhorst's parents live, the situation garnered sympathy from New Zealanders, leading to community support for the family. An appeal entitled ""A Life for Eve"" has raised close to $16,000, which will aid them in starting anew in New Zealand. John Van Grafhorst announced on 27 May 1986 that airline tickets have been purchased, their home is on the market, and he has secured a job painting houses in Hastings. The family intends to depart for New Zealand on June 4. John Van Grafhorst, who is Dutch and met his wife Gloria in Australia, shared that he visited New Zealand once and appreciated its family-oriented lifestyle. He expressed eagerness for this relocation and indicated the family's plans to have another child once settled in New Zealand. He hopes that a new child will help demonstrate that other children can grow up alongside Eve without contracting A.I.D.S. The Van Grafhorsts also have another daughter, Dana, who is 13, while Eve's fourth birthday is on July 14.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860527_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860527.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517492800
6053,27,05,1986,"Doctor Wants Teen-A.I.D.S. Advice (Press, 27 May 1986)","In a provocative stance for 1986, Dr Paul Goldwater, a prominent A.I.D.S. researcher, advocated for 13-year-olds to read his book, “A.I.D.S: The Risk in New Zealand.” Having transitioned from a consultant role at Auckland Hospital to his current position in Australia, Dr Goldwater highlighted that by age 13, ten per cent of boys may identify as homosexual and hence should be informed about A.I.D.S. His views, described as ""wildly radical,"" challenge the conventional conservatism pervasive in New Zealand, and he stressed the necessity of addressing these challenges head-on. The book is written in an accessible manner, designed for high-risk groups to understand the realities of A.I.D.S. Dr Goldwater was unapologetic about using explicit slang terms to clarify various sexual practices. His proposal to temporarily exclude children who test positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies from school was particularly controversial. He suggested this measure would remain until more is known about the transmission dynamics of the disease, referencing a French study that indicated no transmission of A.I.D.S. between schoolchildren, though some transmission of hepatitis B was noted. Dr Goldwater theorised that distinct differences between New Zealand children and their northern hemisphere counterparts, such as their attire and behaviour, may affect the transmission of bloodborne diseases. He contended that New Zealand children typically dress more lightly, often go barefoot, and exhibit more aggressive behaviour, contributing to an increased risk of injury. In response to critics who likened his recommendations to “Nazi tactics,” he insisted that his suggestions were made in the interest of public welfare. In addition to the school exclusion proposal, Dr Goldwater endorsed community measures to prevent A.I.D.S. spread, including the provision of clean needles for drug addicts and the widespread availability of affordable condoms. He argued for the legalisation of homosexuality, asserting that self-esteem is crucial for effective risk education amongst gay individuals. Dr Goldwater proposed that the age of consent for homosexual acts be set at 18, addressing the complexities and potential legal issues of having differing ages of consent for homosexual and heterosexual acts. Highlighting comparative success in A.I.D.S. prevention, Dr Goldwater pointed to New Zealand, Australia, and San Francisco, while emphasising that Australia allocated substantial funding for A.I.D.S. research. He noted the influence of Australian Minister of Health, Mr Blewett, on New Zealand’s health policies. As a strong critic of the New Zealand health authorities, Dr Goldwater warned that inadequate support for research might lead to a significant talent drain within the sector. He referenced his unsuccessful application for funding from the Medical Research Council, which sought support for an epidemiological study on A.I.D.S. in New Zealand. This study aimed to gather vital information regarding the disease's transmission, the infection rates, and the effectiveness of prevention campaigns. Concluding his statements, Dr Goldwater noted that shortly after his funding proposal was declined, he left New Zealand to assume his new role in Australia.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860527_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860527.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517492800
6054,27,05,1986,"Parliament Faces Backlog (Press, 27 May 1986)","Parliament in New Zealand is set to reconvene after the May school holidays on 27 May 1986, facing a significant backlog of legislative work. There are currently 65 pieces of legislation on the Order Paper, with more pending introduction. This year, only nine bills have been passed. The existing backlog includes 15 bills that have returned from general selection committees, a local bill concerning the Waimakariri River Improvement, and three private bills: the long-discussed Homosexual Law Reform Bill, the Solvent Abuse Law Reform Bill, and an Income Tax Amendment Bill aiming to repeal the national superannuation surcharge. Additionally, 46 bills are under review by select committees or awaiting parliamentary feedback. The legislative congestion is expected to worsen due to several factors. First, the Labour Government, despite its confidence, is wary of the one-term fate suffered by its two predecessors and is eager to pass as much legislation as possible. Second, the Government is implementing a major overhaul of New Zealand society that requires passing substantial empowering legislation alongside its new market-oriented, non-Socialist philosophy. Finally, parliamentary hours have been reduced; business now only takes place on Tuesdays and Thursdays, with Wednesday evenings dedicated to private members' legislation, which is dominated by the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, and Wednesday afternoons traditionally reserved for general debates. The Government has no immediate solutions to alleviate the situation. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill, for which significant opposition exists, is unlikely to be resolved soon, as three National Party members are actively using parliamentary procedure to delay it. Despite the bill being nonpartisan, the Labour Government suspects that National is intentionally obstructing the legislative process. In response, the Government has suggested that the Opposition’s behaviour appears aimed at distracting attention from other pressing issues. To expedite legislation, the Government may resort to ""taking urgency,"" a procedural measure that allows Parliament to work continuously on governmental legislation by suspending Standing Orders. However, this approach often faces staunch resistance from the Opposition, who tend to fight harder against such legislation than they would under normal procedures. Long-term remedies for the Government would likely involve reconsidering parliamentary sitting hours to better manage the legislative workload.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860527_2_28.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860527.2.28,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517492800
6951,28,05,1986,"They Were Such Nice Kids Until ... (Press, 28 May 1986)","The cult musical ""The Rocky Horror Show,"" featuring erotic creatures from the planet Transexual, is set to perform in Christchurch from June 4 to 14, 1986. Written by Kiwi Richard O’Brien in 1972, the show emerged after he was dismissed from the chorus of ""Jesus Christ Superstar"" at London's Palace Theatre. It quickly gained popularity, opening at the Royal Court Theatre and becoming a major success, even surpassing earnings of musicals until ""Cats"" debuted. The film adaptation has also attracted a global following, with fans commonly dressing as their favourite characters during viewings. Frank-N-Furter, the mad transvestite and main character, will be portrayed by Daniel Abineri, who is recognised in New Zealand for his role as Jake Saunders, the villain in ""Return to Eden."" The roles of Janet and Brad, the show's ""nice kids,"" will be taken by two 17-year-olds from Auckland, Ann Wilson and Andrew Binns. The cast also includes Andrea Cunningham, Paul Minifie, Perry Benson, Rachel King, Mark Rimington, Russ Le Roq, Donna Fitzgerald, Carolanne Swaffield, Richard Zimmermann, and David Mackie. This production marks a new chapter for Abineri, as it is the first occasion he has taken on both the roles of actor and director simultaneously. The show is produced by Peter Davis and Wilson Morley, who previously won the Australian Best Play of the Year Award in 1983 for their production of ""Steaming."" This marks their inaugural venture into New Zealand theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860528_2_108_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860528.2.108.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517579200
6055,30,05,1986,"Sex Education (Press, 30 May 1986)","On 30 May 1986, letters published in response to ongoing discussions surrounding the Family Planning Association (F.P.A.) highlighted contrasting views on sexual education and morality for young people. Paul Johnstone, a secondary school counsellor, expressed frustration with what he termed the “moral minorities” who accuse the F.P.A. of promoting casual sex among youth. He defended the organisation, arguing that it prioritises collaboration among families, schools, and students while emphasising personal integrity prior to any sexual encounters. According to Johnstone, the F.P.A.’s educational approach potentially fosters sexual restraint rather than licence. He praised the association for its valuable support for young people through direct assistance and resources provided to counsellors. Johnstone suggested that parental involvement and concern regarding sexual education in earlier years could have rendered some of the F.P.A.’s services obsolete. He encouraged parents to read the F.P.A.’s publication titled “Deciding and Choosing” for guidance in dealing with issues beyond fear and anger. In contrast, H.G. Oram responded to a previous letter regarding parental concerns about sexual education. Oram highlighted comments made by Dr Goldwater, who suggested that a significant number of 13-year-old boys may identify as homosexual and would be ill-equipped to make safe sexual choices. Oram critiqued the focus on a Freudian-humanistic philosophy, which promotes safe sexual practices rather than a foundation of moral teaching against engaging in illicit sexual behaviour. He asserted that a true moral framework, aligning more closely with Judaeo-Christian values, would advocate for abstaining from what is deemed wrong rather than merely promoting safe practices. Oram proposed that fostering the ability to say “no” would enhance self-esteem more effectively than the focus on safety or legal reforms concerning homosexuality. These letters reflect a broader societal debate during the mid-1980s in New Zealand regarding sexual education, moral values, and the role of organisations like the F.P.A. in shaping the attitudes and behaviours of young people. The discussion underscores the tension between progressive sexual education and conservative moral beliefs, with advocates from both sides presenting their perspectives on how best to protect and educate the youth.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860530_2_102_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860530.2.102.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517752000
6952,30,05,1986,"Spirit Of The Show (Press, 30 May 1986)","The opening of “The Rocky Horror Show” in Christchurch is eagerly anticipated, with fans such as Ms Brigid Kelly and Mr Mikhail Beban embracing the excitement as the show prepares to debut at the Theatre Royal on June 4, 1986. The executive producer, Wilton Morley, who grew up in the theatre as the son of actor Robert Morley, has a wealth of experience in the performing arts. He moved to Australia 12 years ago, drawn by the greater opportunities available there compared to London at the time, and has since produced several shows annually. Morley has notably toured “Rocky Horror” twice in Australia and believes this New Zealand tour may be one of the last for the iconic show, although its popularity remains undiminished. He describes it as fresh and even ahead of its time, pointing out that it was created by New Zealand native Richard O’Brien. Originally debuted as a live performance, “Rocky Horror” gained fame through its film adaptation, cultivating a dedicated following where fans often dress as their favourite characters. Morley credits the enduring appeal of the show to its rock ’n’ roll music. Taking on the lead role and directing the New Zealand tour is Daniel Abineri, who has experience from previous Australian tours, making this his first dual role as both performer and director. The cast includes 30 members, with 19 performing on stage and 13 being local talent from New Zealand. Morley has praised the level of skill among local actors, highlighting the impressive audition performances of teenagers, which exceeded his expectations. Among the cast are 17-year-olds Andrew Binns and Ann Wilson from Auckland, who play teenagers encountering the flamboyant Frank-N-Furter. Notably, former Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon will make a special appearance as the narrator in Auckland for one week, a move Morley admits is more of a gimmick given Muldoon's limited availability for the three-month tour. In Christchurch, the narrator's role will be filled by Auckland’s Paul Minifie. Morley believes that productions like “Rocky Horror” play a significant role in attracting young audiences to the theatre. He noted that the show has grossed $6 million in Australia, indicating substantial popularity; many young attendees return to see it multiple times. While this re-engagement is beneficial for the show, he hopes it will inspire these young viewers to explore a wider variety of theatrical performances in the future. Morley will be involved in part of the New Zealand tour but will not remain for its entire duration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860530_2_119_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860530.2.119.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517752000
6056,31,05,1986,"A.I.D.S. Finds Its Way To N.Z.’s Drug Community (Press, 31 May 1986)","Auckland, New Zealand, has reported its first cases of A.I.D.S. infection among intravenous drug users, marking a significant development in the spread of the virus. Dr Richard Meech, the chairman of the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, announced that three drug addicts have tested positive for antibodies. The exact locations where these individuals contracted the virus are unknown, as their movements have spanned both New Zealand and overseas. One of the cases involves a homosexual man who is also a drug addict; he was identified as antibody positive through screening by a general practitioner experienced in working with A.I.D.S. patients. It is believed that the other two individuals were screened in drug treatment centres. This information was shared at a recent meeting of the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, highlighting a shift from the previously reported cases of the virus, which primarily involved male homosexuals, bisexuals, or haemophiliacs. Dr Paul Goldwater, an A.I.D.S. expert visiting Auckland for the launch of his book ""A.I.D.S.: The Risk,"" expressed concern regarding the implications of this shift towards drug users, as it poses a serious threat of increasing transmission to the heterosexual community. He urged for greater accessibility to needles and syringes for addicts to mitigate the risk of sharing, which can facilitate the spread of the virus. In response to the situation, Mr Paul East, the Opposition spokesman on health, has called for an inquiry into the A.I.D.S. outbreak among drug users, urging the Minister, Dr Bassett, to investigate further. The report serves as a critical reminder of the evolving landscape of A.I.D.S. and its transmission pathways in New Zealand, particularly as it begins to affect populations previously less associated with the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860531_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860531.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517838400
6057,31,05,1986,"Advice On A.I.D.S. (Press, 31 May 1986)","The debate over A.I.D.S. and related policies in New Zealand has intensified, highlighted by a letter exchange in the press on 27 May 1986. Dr Paul Goldwater's perspective on A.I.D.S. has been seen as controversial, particularly in relation to Fran Wilde's forthcoming bill. One correspondent, J. Nihoniho, argues that Goldwater's proposals could inadvertently facilitate the spread of A.I.D.S. He criticises the promotion of condoms, advocating instead for teaching abstinence, and condemns the distribution of needles and syringes to drug addicts, likening it to offering cyanide to those contemplating suicide. Nihoniho expresses concern for young people, suggesting that Goldwater's suggestions could put them at greater risk. In contrast, another letter from Varian J. Wilson challenges the validity of Goldwater’s claims, dismissing his worries as unfounded and arguing that there is no credible evidence supporting the notion that a significant percentage of young boys are homosexual or that the risk of A.I.D.S. transmission in schools is substantial. Wilson also critiques the panic surrounding juvenile A.I.D.S. transmission, claiming it is driven by unfounded fears rather than facts. He takes issue with Goldwater's calls for reforms such as lowering the age of consent and making clean needles available for drug users, insisting that there are no significant legal obstacles in differentiating between heterosexual and homosexual conduct. Overall, the letters reflect a broader societal divide regarding how to approach the A.I.D.S. epidemic in New Zealand, with differing opinions on sexual education, harm reduction strategies, and the implications of public health policy for youth. These debates underline the complex interplay of public health, morality, and legislative action during this period. The discussions occurring in the public sphere highlight the urgent need for informed dialogue and evidence-based policy making in addressing A.I.D.S. and its effects on New Zealand society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860531_2_94_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860531.2.94.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,517838400
7691,04,06,1986,"N.z. Nightmare (Press, 4 June 1986)","On 4 June 1986, a letter published in the newspaper expressed deep concern regarding various societal issues in New Zealand. The writer, Mrs C. S. Hill, reflected on the troubling rise of A.I.D.S. cases and the publication of educational materials aimed at teaching children how to engage in safe sodomy. She questioned the morality and implications of proposals for taxpayers to fund free syringes for drug addicts and condoms for individuals already involved in sodomy. Mrs Hill further highlighted the strain on the social welfare system, which she deemed overloaded, pointing out that workers who received large redundancy payments subsequently sought unemployment benefits. She was particularly disturbed by the case of a man convicted of murder who was awarded accident compensation after injuring himself while attempting to escape from prison. The writer expressed confusion over government claims of needing to cut costs and enhance efficiency in public services, which appeared contradictory to the actions taken within Parliament, where press officers were laid off only to be replaced by higher-paid employees. Additionally, she referenced concerns over the spending habits of government officials, questioning the costs associated with Mrs Hercus’s stationery. In summary, Mrs Hill's letter encapsulated a sense of disillusionment with the state of social policies and government accountability in New Zealand, expressing a desire for clarity and resolution to what she described as a nightmarish situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860604_2_109_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860604.2.109.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518184000
6058,05,06,1986,"‘Gay’ Bill Nearer Law (Press, 5 June 1986)","A significant development occurred in New Zealand's Parliament regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, a long-standing and contentious issue. On 4 June 1986, Parliament completed the committee stages of the bill, which aims to decriminalise homosexual acts between consenting adults. The legislation is now set to proceed to its third reading debate scheduled for Wednesday, 11 June 1986. While there is a possibility that the bill could be passed or rejected within a week, the outcome remains uncertain. The third reading debate will feature 10-minute speeches, which aims to limit lengthy filibustering tactics that opponents might employ. However, several factors may contribute to delays. Opponents of the bill may seek to postpone the debate if they believe the provisions decriminalising homosexual acts have sufficient support in Parliament. Additionally, there are intentions to amend the bill further before the third reading, particularly regarding the age of consent. Currently, the bill legalises homosexual acts for individuals aged 16 and over, but some members are advocating for amendments to raise that age to 18 or 19. Amendments would require a vote to send the bill back to committee stages for further consideration, and both supporters of maintaining the 16-year age clause and opponents of the entire bill may vote against this move. As such, uncertainty remains regarding the number of attempts to refer the bill back for amendments and the likelihood of their success. Parliament also decided to remove the schedule of the bill following the failure of a previous effort to amend human rights legislation to prohibit discrimination against homosexuals. This change led to an adjustment of the bill's Long Title, succinctly outlining its intended effects, and was accomplished without a vote. Following these developments, the bill is now positioned on the brink of significant historic change after nearly a year of heated debate and discussion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860605_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860605.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518270400
6061,05,06,1986,"Christchurch Entry In ‘gay’ Directory (Press, 5 June 1986)","On 5 June 1986, it was reported that a Wellington reporter from Christchurch was featured in ""Spartacus '85,"" a global directory catering to homosexuals. The publication has been brought to attention by Mr Graeme Lee, a National Member of Parliament representing Hauraki, who is a vocal critic of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Lee has circulated versions of the book that include references to New Zealand, drawing attention to the evolving attitudes toward homosexuality in the country. The New Zealand section of the directory highlights the fact that homosexual acts remain illegal, yet it also notes a shift in societal attitudes, indicating the presence of an ""active gay scene"" in major cities such as Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch. The guide mentions that most gay clubs, bars, and saunas in these areas are typically left undisturbed by law enforcement, suggesting a degree of social acceptance. However, the report also advises those visiting regions outside of the main urban centres not to expect a thriving commercial gay scene. This information may serve as a caution for travellers in search of such venues in less populated areas. Additionally, the reporter notes an interesting cultural detail, stating that until recently, circumcision was common among New Zealand males. However, new health policies have led to a notable change, resulting in a generation of youth where uncircumcised males are becoming increasingly prevalent. This reflects broader shifts in health practices and societal norms within the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860605_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860605.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518270400
6060,05,06,1986,"Democrats Pick Taxi-driver (Press, 5 June 1986)","On 5 June 1986, Mr Bill Smith, a 45-year-old taxi driver from Burnside, Christchurch, was chosen unanimously as the Democratic Party’s candidate for the Fendalton electorate in the upcoming General Election. Mr Smith, who is married and has five children, has no prior experience in election campaigns. However, he expressed his intent to focus on key areas such as the prolife movement, financial reform, and law and order if elected. He has been actively involved in pro-life advocacy and played a role in organising the logistical aspects of a petition opposing the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. As a member of the group Christians For Life, Mr Smith emphasised his dedication to these issues. He articulated his motivation for entering politics, critiquing what he perceives as an overrepresentation of academics in leadership roles and advocating for the inclusion of working-class perspectives in political discourse. Mr Smith stated, “I’m a working man and I believe working people would like to see someone representing them.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860605_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860605.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518270400
6062,05,06,1986,"Law Reform (Press, 5 June 1986)","In a letter published on 5 June 1986, a law student named S. C. England expresses their views on the ongoing debate around homosexual law reform in New Zealand. The writer highlights the existing legislation as unjust and unenforceable for the homosexual community, suggesting that lengthy arguments about the technical details are not useful. They advocate for significant liberalisation of the law, with the primary recommendation being the reduction of the age of consent to 16. The writer believes that this step would create a more realistic legal framework that would benefit New Zealand's responsible homosexual community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860605_2_98_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860605.2.98.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518270400
6059,05,06,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 5 June 1986)","On 4 June 1986, members of the New Zealand Parliament convened at 2 p.m. to address various matters. During this session, Ministers responded to three questions of the day and 13 on notice. Following this, members engaged in a two-hour general debate. Once the debate concluded, several bills progressed through various legislative stages. The Otago Foundation Trust Board Amendment Bill successfully passed both its committee and third reading. Meanwhile, the Waimakariri River Improvement Amendment Bill and the Greymouth Harbour Board Empowering Amendment Bill each received their second readings. Debate then commenced on the Auckland Improvement Trust Amendment Bill; however, it was paused when the House adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m. The discussion resumed at 7.30 p.m., during which the Auckland Improvement Trust Amendment Bill received its second reading, along with the Auckland City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering Amendment Bill. The Homosexual Law Reform Bill advanced through its committee stages and was prepared for its upcoming third reading. Additionally, the Myxomatosis Prevention Bill was introduced and referred to the Primary Production Select Committee for further review. In a separate initiative, Mr John Terris, Government member for Western Hutt, proposed the introduction of the Fencing of Swimming Pools Bill, which was also introduced and sent to the Internal Affairs and Local Government Select Committee for consideration. Another bill, the Solvent Abuse Law Reform Bill, was introduced by Mr Graeme Lee, the Opposition member for Hauraki. The debate regarding this bill's introduction was interrupted when the House subsequently rose at 11 p.m., bringing the day's legislative activities to a close.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860605_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860605.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518270400
7748,05,06,1986,"Van Grafhorst Family Leaves Australia (Press, 5 June 1986)","On 4 June 1986, the van Grafhorst family departed Australia after enduring nearly a year of challenges regarding the acceptance of their three-year-old daughter, Eve, who is an A.I.D.S. victim. Eve contracted the virus as a result of blood transfusions received after her premature birth, which occurred three months early. During an emotional press conference held at Sydney Airport, John van Grafhorst expressed his frustration over the family's forced departure from their home in Gosford, located on the New South Wales central coast. In response to questions about community members who would not accept his daughter, he demonstrated his feelings with a strong gesture. Gloria van Grafhorst, Eve's mother, conveyed her sadness and fear about leaving Australia, highlighting the fact that her husband had employment there and Eve had been accepted into preschool in Hastings, a place where she had spent much of her life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860605_2_154.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860605.2.154,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518270400
6953,06,06,1986,"Taxpayers Pay Motel Bill (Press, 6 June 1986)","On 6 June 1986, a 16-year-old transvestite fled from Social Welfare custody in Auckland, where taxpayers had been covering his motel expenses. The incident occurred while the youth was being transported from the Owairaka Boys’ Home, as he was apparently unhappy about being held in a facility designated for boys. While in a Social Welfare vehicle in Newmarket, he exited the car and quickly vanished into the crowd. Dressed in a white silk dress at the time, he was soon identified by police among shoppers on Great South Road. Despite being apprehended and returned to Social Welfare care, the youth managed to escape again but was eventually recaptured. Following this series of events, he was taken back to Owairaka Boys' Home. The Social Welfare Department noted that they had covered the motel bills for the youth after he was denied admission to various welfare institutions in Auckland. At the time of his escape, he was awaiting a court hearing related to multiple charges of soliciting for prostitution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860606_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860606.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518356800
6063,07,06,1986,"Bill Stance ‘concerns Voters’ (Press, 7 June 1986)","In Te Atatu electorate, West Auckland, concerns are mounting among voters regarding their MP, Dr Michael Bassett's support for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The Coalition of Concerned Citizens revealed that over 74 per cent of the 320 respondents to their questionnaire expressed dissatisfaction with Dr Bassett's voting on the bill. Barry Reed, the coalition's national spokesman, indicated that this information has prompted the group to consider similar questionnaires in other North Island electorates to exert pressure on politicians who backed the bill. The Coalition targeted Te Atatu for their initial survey due to their belief that Dr Bassett, who serves as the Minister of Realty, had diminished the connection between homosexuality and A.I.D.S., which they viewed negatively. The obtained questionnaire was distributed in areas that had previously seen a petition opposing the bill last year, allowing the coalition to assess whether attitudes had shifted among those who originally signed the petition. The results of the questionnaire indicated an even stronger opposition to the bill compared to earlier sentiments expressed in the petition. Specifically, while just over 51 per cent of the 601 people surveyed had signed last year's petition, an additional 35 per cent indicated they would be willing to support a new petition against the bill. This suggests a significant rise in opposition since the earlier campaign. Dr Bassett, who currently enjoys a majority of 4,991 votes in his electorate, faces this escalating dissent, particularly as 11,336 individuals in Te Atatu had signed the petition the previous year, showcasing a substantial portion of the electorate's discontent with his stance on this issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860607_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860607.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518443200
6954,07,06,1986,"Eccentricity “now Only A Rich Man’s Sport’... (Press, 7 June 1986)","In a recent exploration of eccentricity in the United States, New York author Carl Sifakis has released a book entitled ""American Eccentrics,"" profiling 140 individuals known for their unusual behaviours. Sifakis argues that eccentricity has largely become a pastime of the affluent, suggesting that societal changes have led to a decline in the prevalence of eccentrics from poorer backgrounds. He notes that the middle class, once a significant source of eccentrics, has become more conformist and intolerant over time, leaving the rich, who have the privilege to be unconventional without concern for societal judgement, as the primary bearers of eccentricity. Sifakis points to a few historical eccentrics as illustrative examples. He references Oofty Goofty, a wildman in San Francisco who invited people to kick and hit him for small amounts of money. In contrast, he describes Cornelius “Horseback” Billings, the chairman of Union Carbide, who hosted extravagant dinners with guests sitting on horses to eat pheasant from feedbags, only to be met with social rejection. Another profile includes ""Black Jack"" Tom Ketchum, an outlaw whose repeated attempts to rob the same train ended in his capture and execution. Despite a perceived decline in acceptance of eccentricity, Sifakis notes that cities like San Francisco still have an appreciation for eccentric behaviours, while New York is often indifferent. He reflects on a failed thesis that suggested one could gauge a society by its treatment of eccentrics. His research revealed that tolerance of eccentricity was not exclusive to progressive societies, noting even Nazi Germany exhibited some acceptance as long as the eccentric was not part of a persecuted group. Sifakis also elaborates on what qualifies someone as eccentric, defining it as having unique traits or habits that dictate their choices and lifestyle. He mentions examples from history where eccentrics were merely ahead of their time, such as a Massachusetts farmer jailed for wearing a beard in the 1830s, long before beards became fashionable. Among his more outrageous examples is John “Goat Gland” Brinkley, a figure from the 1920s who charged wealthy clients for dubious goat-testicle transplant surgeries, which garnered significant business until authorities intervened. Another eccentric, Sandra Ilene West, had an unconventional burial request, which involved her being laid to rest in her favourite car. Sifakis concludes that eccentrics have historically been undervalued in American society. He suggests that the depth of eccentricity remains hidden behind the closed doors of urban apartments, with a wealth of unacknowledged quirks and characters present throughout the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860607_2_108_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860607.2.108.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518443200
6749,09,06,1986,"Indomitable Spirit’s Triumph (Press, 9 June 1986)","The film ""The Colour Purple,"" directed by Steven Spielberg and adapted from Alice Walker's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, has sparked mixed reactions from critics. The story centres on Celie, a young African American woman in the Deep South around the early 1900s, who faces numerous trials including abuse from her father and husband. Celie's life begins in Georgia in 1906, where she gives birth at the age of 14 to a child fathered by her abusive father. Subsequently, she is married off to a man known as Mr (played by Danny Glover), who continues her cycle of suffering. Celie's only solace comes from her close relationship with her sister Nettie. However, Mr forces them apart, preventing Celie from receiving Nettie’s letters during their separation. The narrative shifts when Shug Avery, a blues singer, enters Celie's life, helping her recognise her self-worth and assert her identity. This newfound strength allows Celie to reclaim her agency and eventually leads to a reconnection with her loved ones. The film portrays a series of vignettes highlighting both Celie's misery and her gradual empowerment, laden with emotional moments and visual splendour characteristic of Spielberg's style. However, critics argue that Spielberg's approach tends to soften the harsh realities depicted in the original story, opting for a more optimistic and melodramatic interpretation. While the film aims to show Celie's journey from suffering to triumph, it is critiqued for glossing over complex themes, such as the lesbian relationship between Celie and Shug, which is presented in a more innocuous manner. The supporting cast, including Oprah Winfrey as Sofia, adds depth to the narrative, yet the male characters are portrayed predominantly as harsh and unsympathetic. The film concludes with a sense of redemption and transformation, even among some of the male figures, as Spielberg reinforces themes of love and healing. Overall, ""The Colour Purple"" boasts powerful performances, particularly by Whoopi Goldberg as Celie, alongside visually striking scenes that effectively evoke emotion. While it has been praised for its cinematic beauty and strong character moments, the film's tendency to romanticise and oversimplify the profound struggles faced by its characters has drawn criticism, leading to a polarised reception.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860609_2_110.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860609.2.110,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518616000
6064,10,06,1986,"Political Images Family Photos For Polls... (Press, 10 June 1986)","On 10 June 1986, Robin Charteris reported from London on a controversial decision by the ""Loony Left"" faction of the British Labour Party regarding campaign literature. The greater London regional branch of the party proposed guidelines to ban family photographs from election materials, arguing that such images are “unfair to homosexuals and lesbians.” This move was prompted by dissatisfaction among gay rights activists who objected to the recent campaign of Labour candidate Nick Raynsford, who featured his wife and family in his leaflets during the Fulham by-election. Raynsford's campaign was notably successful, transforming a substantial Conservative majority into a Labour lead. Members of the women’s section in Islington accused Raynsford of “necessarily highlighting the fact he was not a homosexual,” indicating the ongoing tensions within the party regarding representation and inclusivity. At a meeting attended by a majority of the 40 executive members, the proposal to issue guidelines designed to eliminate what they deemed heterosexualism in campaign material received significant support. Despite this push from the London branch, officials at Labour’s national headquarters clarified that these views were not binding on local constituency parties, and the national executive was unlikely to adopt the guidelines. Labour leader Neil Kinnock, known for his strong family values and public images with his own family, expressed frustration over this latest initiative from the party's left, which he views as a continuation of radical policies that seem disconnected from mainstream perspectives. The incident highlights the internal conflicts within the Labour Party during this period as it navigated issues of representation and the broader implications of family imagery in political campaigning.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860610_2_107_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860610.2.107.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518702400
6065,11,06,1986,"Hyde Park ‘soapbox’ For P.m. (Press, 11 June 1986)","On 11 June 1986, New Zealand Prime Minister David Lange took an impromptu opportunity to connect with the public while visiting London. During a stroll in Hyde Park, Lange was encouraged by his long-time friend, Methodist minister Lord Soper, to speak at the iconic Speakers' Corner, a platform for public discourse that Soper had used for over three decades. Lange climbed onto an aluminium ladder to address a gathering crowd, a scenario reminiscent of the political activism of the 1930s. In his address, Lange discussed various topics pertinent to New Zealand, including immigration policies, homosexual law reform, and the country’s stance on nuclear issues. Speaking later to journalists, he expressed his enjoyment of the experience and noted that he received a positive response from those present at the gathering. However, the Prime Minister soon decided to conclude his speech upon recognising a man with a camera, presuming he was from the media. Lange's engagement at Speakers' Corner highlighted his willingness to interact directly with citizens and address pressing issues facing New Zealand during that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860611_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860611.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518788800
6955,11,06,1986,"Last Show For ‘rocky Horror’ Star (Press, 11 June 1986)","Daniel Abineri, an actor now based in Australia, has become well accustomed to wearing fishnet stockings in his role as the mad transvestite Frank-N-Furter in the ""Rocky Horror Show."" With five productions under his belt—three as an actor and two as a director—Abineri has made the character almost a part of himself. He first took on this role during a six-month contract in Australia, which unexpectedly extended to two years. However, he asserts that the current tour in New Zealand will be his last appearance in the iconic show, feeling that it is time for a change. Despite the passage of time since the show's debut, Abineri notes that the material remains relevant and draws audiences. He is unconcerned about being typecast, as he believes the show's continued popularity proves that it resonates with new generations. Abineri first encountered ""Rocky Horror"" when he was just 14 years old, igniting his ambition to play Frank-N-Furter. His opportunity arrived in 1979 when he was cast for the first British tour of the show, marking his debut in the role on his twenty-first birthday. Following that, he spent six months touring and then performed in the West End for a year before heading to Australia. He emphasises that the stage show is the original, clarifying that it was created before the film adaptation. In addition to his work in ""Rocky Horror,"" he has also been involved in the Australian television series ""Return to Eden,"" where he portrays a corporate villain. Abineri, who is 27 and was born into an acting family in England, began his career at 16, opting to skip drama school in favour of working directly in repertory theatre as an assistant stage manager.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860611_2_143_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860611.2.143.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518788800
6066,11,06,1986,"Women ‘new Victims’ Of Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 11 June 1986)","On 11 June 1986, concerns were raised by the pro-family organisation Kiwi Forum regarding the potential impact of the proposed homosexual law reform bill in New Zealand. National president Mrs Ann Parker, who is based in Dunedin, argued that the decriminalisation of consensual sodomy would adversely affect women, young people, and families. She expressed her belief that many women would be repulsed upon realising the implications of the law, stating that existing legal protections for women would be undermined by the bill. In contrast to Mrs Parker’s views, Mr Mark Henaghan, a law lecturer at the University of Otago, provided arguments in favour of the reform. He clarified that any acts of sodomy performed without consent would still be classified as a criminal offence, emphasising the strength of the recent changes to rape laws that provide robust protection against various sexual offences now defined as sexual violation. Mr Henaghan noted that while consensual sodomy would be decriminalised if the bill passed, it was important to highlight that many married couples had already engaged in such practices despite the current legal restrictions. The discussion surrounding the bill highlighted the divide between differing opinions on the reform, with pro-family advocates raising concerns over women's rights and the protection of familial structures, while legal experts pointed to enhanced protections under evolving laws regarding consent and sexual offences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860611_2_154.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860611.2.154,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518788800
6067,12,06,1986,"Opponents Of ‘gay’ Bill Feel Frustration (Press, 12 June 1986)","On 12 June 1986, opponents of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in Wellington expressed their confidence in having enough votes to defeat the bill if it were to go to a third reading. Three members from the Opposition who have been spearheading the campaign against the bill announced their belief that it would have been defeated by at least four votes had a vote been taken that evening. In the earlier part of the day, urgency measures were concluded shortly before 6 p.m., but the House chose to adjourn, pushing back the consideration of the bill until a future session. This delay means the bill is now unlikely to be discussed until early July, as Parliament members are scheduled to attend a Vice-Regal function at Government House the following week and will then be in recess for an additional week. Dr Michael Cullen, the Chief Government Whip, indicated that had Parliament continued its sitting after 6 p.m., it would have been required to start a new Parliamentary day. This new day would entail starting with regular Parliamentary business like question time, making it improbable for the bill to be addressed before the usual adjournment at 11 p.m. The decision to rise was made because the House felt it had made sufficient progress on other legislation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860612_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860612.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518875200
7387,13,06,1986,"N.Z. Has First Case Of T-cell Leukaemia (Press, 13 June 1986)","On 13 June 1986, the potential emergence of New Zealand's first case of T-cell leukaemia has sparked concerns about the possible establishment of a new viral infection similar to A.I.D.S. Dr Stanley Somerfield, a clinical immunologist from Auckland University’s School of Medicine, emphasised that T-cell leukaemia is associated with a virus in the same family as the one causing A.I.D.S., with transmission believed to occur through sexual contact and exchange of blood. The case involves a middle-aged woman from Auckland who exhibits symptoms consistent with T-cell leukaemia, although confirmation of the diagnosis has yet to be achieved. Dr Somerfield noted that T-cell leukaemia may be present in a section of the A.I.D.S. population. Interestingly, individuals affected by T-cell leukaemia do not typically belong to the high-risk groups for A.I.D.S., which include homosexuals, intravenous drug users, and haemophiliacs. Instead, the disease is suggested to be transmitted through close personal interactions in addition to the aforementioned methods. A significant characteristic of T-cell leukaemia highlighted by Dr Somerfield is the delayed onset of symptoms. Infected individuals may carry the virus for several years, or even decades, before developing any noticeable health issues. This delayed progression raises additional concerns regarding the potential for the virus to spread undetected over time. Overall, the discovery in New Zealand could signify a new public health challenge, underscoring the need for vigilance in monitoring emerging infections related to A.I.D.S. and similar diseases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860613_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860613.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,518961600
6068,14,06,1986,"Miramar Man Found Guilty Of Murder (Press, 14 June 1986)","On 14 June 1986, Hiki Tangi Tumuana Brown, a 29-year-old glazier from Miramar, was found guilty of murdering Noel Stanley Robertson by a jury in the High Court at Wellington. The incident occurred on 5 November 1985. Chief Justice Sir Ronald Davison sentenced Brown to life imprisonment after the jury deliberated for 314 hours. In his summation, Sir Ronald explained the Crown's case, asserting that the evidence demonstrated beyond reasonable doubt that Brown had the intent to kill Robertson or to inflict bodily injury that was likely to result in death, while also being reckless about the possibility of death occurring. The Crown maintained that Brown's actions constituted murder. Conversely, the defence argued that the prosecution had failed to establish either of the two required intentions for a murder conviction. Defence counsel, Mr Bruce Buckton, contended that Brown should be found guilty of manslaughter instead. In their argument, the defence acknowledged the possibility that Robertson had made homosexual advances towards Brown. However, it emphasised that regardless of the circumstances, Brown had the choice not to engage or to leave the hotel premises and go to the wharf with Robertson. Additionally, Mr Buckton claimed that Brown's intent was merely to inflict a beating on Robertson, and highlighted that the pathologist had concurred that asphyxia could occur quickly. This line of reasoning was presented as part of the defence strategy to mitigate the severity of Brown's actions and to argue against the prosecution’s murder charge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860614_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860614.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,519048000
6750,14,06,1986,"Single Parents And Their Children (Press, 14 June 1986)","""Bringing Up Children On Your Own,"" written by Lix McNeill Taylor and published in 1986, is a comprehensive exploration of the challenges faced by single parents. Taylor, a journalist known for her previous work ""Living with Loss,"" which dealt with widowhood, expands on the topic of single parenthood by incorporating insights from approximately 50 individuals who share their experiences and perspectives. The book addresses the complex emotions that single parents may experience, including grief and resentment regarding their newfound responsibility. Taylor discusses the societal expectations placed upon single parents, particularly the anticipation of difficulties that educators and friends often bring to the equation, which can add pressure to the parenting experience. Notably, she emphasises that single-parent families can arise from various circumstances, not just the death of a partner, but also from divorce or the absence of a partner entirely. Taylor highlights the changing landscape of motherhood, pointing out that an increasing number of unmarried mothers are making a conscious decision to raise children independently. This trend includes professional women reaching older ages who choose to have children without a partner. She also touches upon the experiences of lesbian parents and the challenges they face in a society that often harbours prejudice against their family structures. Some of her informants share unconventional methods of conception, which Taylor uses to illustrate the diversity and complexity of family dynamics today. A particularly poignant aspect of the book is the recognition of the psychological toll that single parenthood can take on individuals. Taylor argues that the pursuit of perfection in parenting can be a source of anxiety for single parents, and she contends that the traditional two-parent family does not always have an edge in successfully raising children. The narrative counters the notion that single parents are merely sacrificial figures whose well-being is secondary to their children's needs, suggesting instead that parenthood encompasses a shared responsibility and emotional engagement from both sides. Ultimately, ""Bringing Up Children On Your Own"" serves as a supportive discussion aimed at reducing the feelings of isolation that single parents often endure. Taylor’s work validates the realities of single parenting by acknowledging its trials while offering insights and encouragement to those navigating the complexities of raising children alone. The book stands as a reminder that while challenges exist, the love and dedication of a single parent can be just as impactful as that of a two-parent household.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860614_2_114_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860614.2.114.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,519048000
6069,17,06,1986,"Sweden Acts Against A.I.D.S. (Press, 17 June 1986)","On 17 June 1986, it was reported that the Swedish Government has allocated KR200 million (approximately $55 million) for initiatives aimed at combating the spread of AIDS (A.I.D.S.). This funding was part of an action plan presented earlier on 2 April by the Minister of Health and Welfare, Mrs Gertrud Sigurdsen. The plan specifically targets vulnerable groups, including sexual and bisexual men, prostitutes and their clients, and drug addicts, with the goal of enhancing public awareness and improving attitudes and behaviours related to AIDS. The action plan includes conducting studies to assess the public's understanding of the disease, as well as their attitudes and practices concerning it. A significant focus will be placed on facilitating access to testing and treatment for drug addicts. An extensive media information campaign will be launched, emphasising outreach to these key populations, especially concerning prevention and education related to AIDS. In addition to the informational campaigns, support systems for individuals affected by AIDS or those infected with the HTLV-III virus will be implemented, offering psycho-social help through the medical service and various volunteer organisations. To encourage testing, proposed modifications in the law will allow for anonymous testing, thereby increasing the likelihood that individuals may seek testing without fear of stigma. As of the report, Sweden has recorded 49 confirmed cases of AIDS, with 43 reported among homosexual or bisexual men. Furthermore, around 1,100 individuals are known to be infected with the HTLV-III virus; however, estimates suggest that the actual number could be as high as 5,000, according to Mrs Sigurdsen. The measures put forward by the government aim to address and mitigate the risks associated with the burgeoning AIDS epidemic in Sweden.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860617_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860617.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,519307200
6751,20,06,1986,"Looking Back With Discomfort (Press, 20 June 1986)","In a review published on 20 June 1986, KEN STRONGMAN critiques the television adaptation of Malcolm Bradbury’s novel ""The History Man"", focusing on the character of Howard Kirk, portrayed by Antony Sher. The review highlights Kirk as an exaggerated embodiment of a particular type of academic from the early 1970s, marked by his flamboyant style with a Zapata moustache, leather attire, flared trousers, and granddad shirts. Strongman describes Kirk as a repulsive figure who exemplifies the pretentiousness and self-importance prevalent in the academic world during that era. The setting is the fictitious University of Watermouth, a microcosm of the 1970s' academic culture, characterised by a casual atmosphere filled with Afghan coats, cushions, and the incessant sound of sitar music. This world is depicted as one where sociology lecturer Kirk notes, “everybody exploits somebody,” capturing the essence of a time where personal insecurities were openly discussed and explored. The review likens the camera angles used in the production to highlight the contrast between both emotional distance and intimate familiarity with the characters, contributing to the overarching theme of superficiality. Through various interactions, such as an exchange between Kirk and a student questioning her sexuality, Strongman illustrates the morally ambiguous and often offensive nature of Kirk's character, who manipulates conversations to provide self-serving advice. The review conveys a sense of discomfort towards Kirk and the other characters who engage in narcissistic and pretentious behaviour, suggesting that the depiction is both startlingly accurate and exaggerated. The first episode of the adaptation is noted for its intense atmosphere, filled with brittle characters caught in a web of intense emotions and facades. Strongman praises the dramatization for effectively capturing the essence of the book and the cultural climate, although he acknowledges that the material might not appeal to everyone. He describes the interplay of relationships and the chaotic lives of the characters—where seduction, cynicism, and despair intertwine—as both tragic and potentially humorous, closing with a reflection on the performance of television weather presenter Stephen Harris, who contributes to the review's exploration of the broader societal context. Overall, Strongman's review suggests that while ""The History Man"" may not provide universally enjoyable viewing due to its unsettling character portrayals, it serves as a powerful reflection of a tumultuous time and is worth watching for its artistry and its poignant commentary on human behaviour and societal dynamics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860620_2_75_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860620.2.75.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,519566400
7750,21,06,1986,"Crew Follows Flight Of Little Eve (Press, 21 June 1986)","On June 4, 1986, the Van Grafhorst family, consisting of parents John and Gloria and their daughters Dana and Eve, arrived in New Zealand seeking a fresh start. This Australian family had faced severe social challenges in their hometown of Kincumber, New South Wales, particularly due to three-year-old Eve’s diagnosis with the A.I.D.S. virus. As a result of her condition, Eve had been ostracised, denied playmates, and refused entry to pre-school, leading to significant prejudice directed towards her and her family. To document their journey, Television New Zealand commissioned an independent documentary team who filmed the family's last days in Australia and their initial two weeks in New Zealand. The director, Amanda Millar, had previously encountered the Van Grafhorsts while working on another documentary titled ""Love Life: A.I.D.S., The New Zealand Story,” which aired in March 1986. The new documentary, “The Moving of Eve: A Child in Exile,” shifts focus from the broader issue of A.I.D.S. to the intimate and personal experiences of the Van Grafhorst family, allowing them to narrate their own story. The documentary captures the family's struggles, highlighting how Eve's condition, stemming from a blood transfusion received after her premature birth, had severely impacted their lives both emotionally and financially, leading to medical costs exceeding $50,000. As the family prepared to leave Australia, they were pursued by an overwhelming media presence, with numerous cameras and reporters documenting their farewells. Millar described the intense media scrutiny, stating that it was particularly pronounced during their final moments in Australia and upon arriving in New Zealand, where the media treatment appeared to be less intense. Although the Van Grafhorsts were optimistic about their future, the documentary concluded with uncertainties regarding key aspects of their new life in New Zealand, such as finding suitable schooling for Dana and Eve, securing employment for John, and establishing a new home. Despite these challenges, the family was hopeful, providing a human perspective on their migration experience amidst the backdrop of societal stigma associated with A.I.D.S. The documentary was set to air on June 22, 1986, aiming to foster understanding and compassion towards the family as they navigated their new life in Hastings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860621_2_97_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860621.2.97.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,519652800
7751,25,06,1986,"School Considers Eve (Press, 25 June 1986)","The Hastings Rudolf Steiner School is currently considering an application for enrolment from a student affected by A.I.D.S., Eve van Grafhorst. To address the situation and to inform the school community about A.I.D.S., a nine-member group has been established by parents and teachers. This initiative follows the application submitted for Eve and her older sister, Dana, who is 13 years old, to attend the school. If Eve's application is approved, she would have the opportunity to receive pre-school, primary, and secondary education at the institution. Frank Long, the chairman of the school's board of management, stated that the newly formed group will collect information to prepare for an A.I.D.S. information meeting. They intend to invite medical professionals to educate attendees about the disease and its implications. The specific date for the meeting is expected to be determined later in the week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860625_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860625.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,519998400
7441,26,06,1986,"A.I.D.S. Met With Flurry Of Laws (Press, 26 June 1986)","At a recent conference in Paris, experts gathered to discuss the growing spread of A.I.D.S. and the surrounding ethical and legal dilemmas. Sev Floss, the head of the legislation unit at the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.), highlighted that the disease has prompted a significant number of legal actions globally. About 20 countries have enacted various laws related to A.I.D.S., covering aspects such as the notification of cases to health authorities, the classification of A.I.D.S. as a venereal disease, and measures to safeguard blood banks and enhance public education. Floss remarked that the legal implications of A.I.D.S. might be among the most sensitive issues the world has faced in the last two decades, alongside abortion. W.H.O. estimates suggest that up to 100,000 individuals may currently be afflicted with A.I.D.S. worldwide, with an additional five million potentially being healthy carriers of the virus. It is noted that while many carriers do not exhibit symptoms, studies indicate that between 5 to 30 per cent may eventually develop A.I.D.S. This raises significant concerns over testing for A.I.D.S. antibodies, as confidentiality issues might lead to discrimination against those diagnosed or identified as carriers. Raymond Jacobs from New York's Gay Men’s Health Crisis counselling centre pointed out a growing trend in the United States towards promoting testing. Insurance companies have begun to use such information to determine eligibility for insurance coverage. Jacobs advised against testing for gay and bisexual men unless necessary due to pregnancy concerns, citing fears of compromised confidentiality. Contrastingly, Swedish scientists have reported that a law requiring the notification of positive A.I.D.S. tests has resulted in discovering about 1,000 cases, thereby bolstering public health measures while maintaining individuals' privacy. However, in the United States, public health officials like Mervin Silverman in San Francisco noted that irrational legislation is proposed, including mandatory blood tests for food workers and the quarantining of A.I.D.S. patients deemed likely to transmit the virus. Some states have even floated the idea of penalising A.I.D.S. carriers who fail to inform their healthcare providers. The conference also focused on the alarming spread of A.I.D.S. in Africa, where studies from Uganda and Tanzania indicate a devastating impact on rural populations. Research in Uganda suggests that approximately 30 per cent of patients treated in hospitals in certain rural areas may be infected with the virus, underscoring the urgency of addressing this public health crisis. Overall, the conference highlighted the critical need for coherent public policy and ethical guidelines in the face of a rapidly changing health landscape due to A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860626_2_80_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860626.2.80.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520084800
7161,27,06,1986,"A.I.D.S. Clinic (Press, 27 June 1986)","Auckland is set to open New Zealand's first outpatient clinic dedicated to A.I.D.S. in July 1986. The facility will be named in honour of Bruce Burnett, who is recognised as the founder and co-ordinator of the A.I.D.S. Support Network. This initiative aims to provide essential support and medical care to those affected by the disease, reflecting the growing awareness and response to the A.I.D.S. crisis in the country. The establishment of this clinic signifies a significant step forward in addressing A.I.D.S. and supporting individuals living with the condition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860627_2_140.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860627.2.140,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520171200
6070,27,06,1986,"Experts Hopeful Of Beating A.I.D.S. (Press, 27 June 1986)","At the conclusion of a three-day international A.I.D.S. conference in Paris on 26 June 1986, scientists expressed cautious optimism regarding the fight against the disease, although no significant breakthroughs were reported. Dr Robert Gallo, a leading U.S. specialist and pioneer in A.I.D.S. research, highlighted the good understanding that scientists have developed about the virus in a relatively short time, indicating that by the following year, they should be ready to implement effective strategies to combat its spread. Jean-Claude Chermann from France’s Pasteur Institute, which initially identified the A.I.D.S. virus in 1983, echoed the hopeful sentiment, asserting that the possibility of a vaccine hinges on the allocation of substantial resources. Numerous studies presented during the conference investigated potential treatments, focusing on drugs that could impede the virus, known for attacking the immune system and remaining dormant in some individuals. One notable advancement came from a group of French scientists who reported promising outcomes from the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine. Additionally, American researcher Anthony Fauci shared an experimental approach involving bone marrow transplants, antiviral medication, and blood transfusions that successfully revitalised the immune system in one A.I.D.S. patient. However, experts urged moderation in expectations, emphasising the limited scope of Fauci’s findings due to the small patient population involved. The conference highlighted an alarming projection indicating that over 300,000 individuals worldwide could be infected with the virus by 1991, particularly if trends in the United States continued. James Curran, head of the A.I.D.S. task force at the Atlanta Centre for Disease Control, warned that about 270,000 Americans might contract the disease in the next five years, resulting in nearly 180,000 deaths. With the current 25,000 diagnosed cases primarily in the U.S. — where the number has been doubling annually — Curran expressed concern that the global situation could soon mirror that of the U.S., with A.I.D.S. emerging as a major international health crisis. Furthermore, the conference underscored the severe proliferation of A.I.D.S. in Africa, where the World Health Organisation reported that approximately 6 per cent of the population may already be infected, with estimates suggesting up to 50,000 individuals could be affected. Research suggested that the virus's rapid transmission in Africa can largely be attributed to heterosexual contact, contrasting with the predominately homosexual and drug user demographics in Europe and the U.S. In Europe, the rise of A.I.D.S. among intravenous drug users, particularly those sharing needles, was identified as a growing concern. Statistics presented showed a sharp increase in infection rates among these users, with 76 per cent of intravenous drug users in Italy testing positive in 1985 compared to just 6 per cent five years earlier. In Spain, the rate was 48 per cent, while Switzerland's figures had more than doubled to 37 per cent. However, the infection rate among British drug users remained relatively low at 6 per cent. Curran highlighted the effectiveness of enhanced blood screening measures and public information campaigns in American communities to reduce transmission risks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860627_2_65_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860627.2.65.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520171200
7752,01,07,1986,"Talks On School Entry (Press, 1 July 1986)","Parents, teachers, and trustees at Hastings' Rudolf Steiner school are currently deliberating an application for the enrolment of Eve van Grafhorst, a carrier of the A.I.D.S. virus. The chairman of the school board, Mr Frank Long, announced that if the application is approved, Eve will begin attending the kindergarten and will progress to primary school when she is six years old. Additionally, the school is also evaluating an application for Eve's 13-year-old sister, Dana, to enrol. In order to address concerns and provide relevant information regarding A.I.D.S., a meeting is scheduled for Wednesday for parents, teachers, and trustees involved with the school.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860701_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860701.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520516800
6072,02,07,1986,"Court’s Sodomy Ruling A Rampage Into Bedrooms’ (Press, 2 July 1986)","A recent ruling by the United States Supreme Court has sparked significant backlash among gay rights advocates, who argue that the decision effectively criminalises millions of Americans. On 1 July 1986, the Court, in a narrow 5-4 decision, ruled that the Constitution does not protect homosexual relations between consenting adults, even in private settings. This decision upheld a Georgia law that criminalises oral and anal sex, which can carry a punishment of up to 20 years in prison. Notably, approximately half of the states in the US have similar laws in place. Leonard Graff, the legal director of the National Gay Rights Advocates based in San Francisco, condemned the ruling, stating that it represents an ""Orwellian nightmare."" He expressed concern that the ruling not only offends the gay community but also infringes upon the rights of all Americans, suggesting it supports the idea of regulatory “sex police.” Darrell Yates-Rist, representing the Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation in New York, echoed this sentiment, asserting that the ruling has unjustly made criminals of millions, including heterosexuals. This decision is particularly significant as it marks the first time the Supreme Court has extensively addressed issues surrounding homosexual rights and sodomy since 1967, when it upheld the government’s right to deny a visa to a homosexual. The context of the ruling was underscored by the timing; it followed large-scale homosexual rights rallies held across the country the day before the announcement. The case in question was brought forward by Michael Hardwick, a 29-year-old homosexual man who was arrested for committing sodomy with another consenting male in the privacy of his home. Although Hardwick's initial lawsuit was dismissed, an appeals court had previously ruled that the Georgia law violated his privacy rights, compelling the state to justify the legislation. Advocacy groups have expressed their outrage, stating that the ruling fundamentally contradicts the principles of human rights, particularly the right to privacy for all individuals. Jean O’Leary, executive director of the National Gay Rights Advocates, highlighted the implications of the Supreme Court's decision. She articulated that it effectively denies gay men and lesbians a constitutional right to privacy, which she views as an example of judicial overreach. The ruling sets a worrying precedent for the protection of individual rights in intimate matters and has intensified the ongoing battle for gay rights in America, raising broader concerns about personal freedoms and privacy across the nation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860702_2_73_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860702.2.73.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520603200
7124,02,07,1986,"Inside (Press, 2 July 1986)","On 2 July 1986, significant news events highlighted the day. The largest shipment of live sheep for export from New Zealand commenced loading at Timaru, marking a notable moment in the country's agricultural export history. This event underlined New Zealand's prominence in the global sheep trade. In international news, a decision by the United States Supreme Court ignited outrage among gay rights advocates as the ruling determined that sodomy is not protected under the Constitution. This decision was met with intense backlash from various LGBTQ+ groups, reflecting the ongoing struggles for civil rights and recognition in the United States. In legal news, a local lawyer was struck off the roll of barristers and solicitors after admitting to a staggering 64 charges of financial and professional misconduct. This case brought attention to issues of ethics and accountability within the legal profession. The issue also featured an article by Margaret Baker, who continued her series exploring perspectives from secondary school students in Christchurch, providing insights into the educational experiences of youth in the region. In entertainment, Ian Gordon concluded his series on popular television comedy shows with a focus on ""M.A.S.H.,"" a programme recognised as one of the most successful of its time, highlighting its impact on television history. The Harness Horse Association was reported to be making another effort to secure representation at the annual meetings of the Trotting Conference, indicating ongoing developments in the harness racing sector. Other sections of the newspaper included advertisements, classifieds, sports news, and local service listings, providing a comprehensive overview of community happenings and services available at the time. Photographic mementoes from the brief rugby league career of George Nepia in Christchurch were also set to be presented to him in Auckland, celebrating his contributions to sports in the region. Overall, the edition reflected a blend of agricultural advancements, legal implications, educational insights, entertainment highlights, and community sports developments, painting a diverse picture of life in New Zealand and beyond during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860702_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860702.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520603200
6071,02,07,1986,"Nervousness About ‘gay’ Bill Amendments (Press, 2 July 1986)","On 2 July 1986, the ongoing debate over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in Wellington took a new turn as supporters expressed concerns over a potential compromise amendment. This amendment, proposed by Labour MP Dr Bill Sutton from Hawke's Bay, suggested maintaining the age of consent at 16 for most sexual activities but increasing it to 18 for anal sex, a provision that would also apply to heterosexual encounters. The proximity of the vote highlighted the stakes involved, leading to increased anxiety among proponents of the bill. Bill Logan from the Gay Task Force spoke out against Sutton’s amendment, arguing that it would weaken the already compromised legislation. This was particularly in regard to the earlier defeat of provisions aimed at preventing discrimination based on sexual orientation. Logan expressed his frustration, pointing out that basic rights—such as the ability to work, find housing, and access goods and services—were still being denied, yet Parliament members were suggesting further compromises. He described the interest in such amendments as an ""unnatural"" focus that perpetuated negative portrayals of being gay. Alongside Sutton, National MP Philip Burdon was also expected to propose an amendment aiming to raise the age of consent to 19, which Logan believed would garner support from a significant number of National Party members. He estimated that Burdon had backing from 10 to 12 of his colleagues, many of whom might opt for a vote in favour of the original proposal of 16 if the 19 amendment failed. Ms Fran Wilde, the sponsor of the bill, relayed that her assessments indicated that Dr Sutton's amendment perhaps had more backing than Burdon's proposal. Despite acknowledging that the different age of consent for anal sex would likely be unenforceable, she noted that legal distinctions of this nature did not prevent harassment from occurring. The debate surrounding these proposed amendments highlighted the deeply divided opinions on the bill, which centred around the age of consent set at 16. The proposed changes, even if they received limited backing, could significantly influence the final outcome of the voting process, underscoring the sensitive and contentious nature of the discussions surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand at that time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860702_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860702.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520603200
7442,03,07,1986,"Half-year Film List (Press, 3 July 1986)","In a recent review, a critic expressed their thoughts on the state of cinema in Christchurch as the film “Plenty” premiered. They highlighted it as one of the year’s best films, which led them to compile a list of their top ten films of the first half of 1986. The critic noted that 1986 has been a particularly disappointing year for films, with some selections being below the usual standard for a Top-10 list. The critic's top choice is “Kiss of the Spider Woman,” directed by Hector Babenco, appreciated for its strong performances and original storyline. Next is Fred Schepisi’s “Plenty,” showcasing Meryl Streep’s acting prowess in a rich and intelligent narrative. Following these, Bertrand Tavernier’s “A Sunday in the Country” is praised for its emotional portrayal of a dying painter and his family dynamic. Richard Attenborough’s adaptation of the Broadway musical “A Chorus Line” is recommended for bringing the stage experience to the screen. John Huston’s “Prizzi’s Honour” is noted for its playful take on Mafia conventions, while Sydney Pollack’s “Out of Africa” is celebrated for its romantic depiction of a bygone era in the continent. Spielberg’s “The Color Purple,” while described as overly sentimental, still addresses the historical plight of American blacks in the early 20th century. Michael Cimino’s “Year of the Dragon” provides a vibrant glimpse into the Chinese underworld in New York. The list also includes Steve Martin’s comedy “All of Me,” which tackles themes of bisexuality with humour, and Ridley Scott’s “Legend,” considered a serious exploration of myth and magic but enhanced by its visual effects. The critic hopes that by the end of 1986, more remarkable films will emerge to replace some of these choices, indicating a desire for improvement in the quality of cinema for the remainder of the year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860703_2_97_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860703.2.97.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520689600
6073,03,07,1986,"Reform Supporters Delay Final Vote (Press, 3 July 1986)","On 2 July 1986, a crucial moment in New Zealand's legislative process unfolded regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The bill, which was being fiercely debated in Parliament, faced the possibility of being defeated, but its supporters managed to delay the final vote by a slim margin and with only ten minutes to spare before Parliament closed for the night. This was achieved when a call from the anti-reform lobby to put the motion to a vote was filed, leading to a narrow victory for the pro-reformists when Mr George Gair, a National Party member from North Shore, sided with them. Ms Fran Wilde, the bill's Labour Party sponsor from Wellington Central, highlighted the importance of Mr Gair's vote, noting his consistent procedural support for the legislation despite his challenges with upholding 16 as the age of consent. Earlier in the evening, an attempt to send the bill back to the committee for reconsideration of the age issue was decisively rejected, with a vote of 22 to 63 against it. This defeat prevented the introduction of the Burdon amendment, which sought to raise the age of consent to 19, as well as a proposal by Dr Bill Sutton to set it at 18 for anal intercourse. The public galleries were filled with spectators during what proved to be a challenging night for Ms Wilde, as she faced a confident Opposition believed to have sufficient votes to defeat the bill in a third reading. The approach was remarkable as the usually stonewalling pro-reform side was able to field eleven speakers compared to the opposition's three. The tension escalated as the anti-reform camp confidently claimed they had the numbers to succeed when their opponents called for a recount of the votes. Mr John Banks, a notable opponent of the reform, claimed they had a two-vote advantage in estimation. The outcome of the bill remained uncertain, hinging largely on attendance and alignment of members when the final vote occurred. At that point, eight members were absent from the session, with four supporters and four opponents, effectively cancelling each other out. Notably absent supporters included well-known Labour figures such as Ms Helen Clark and Mr Mike Moore, while opponents included former Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon. Overall, the events shown on this night highlighted the intense divisions within Parliament over the Homosexual Law Reform Bill and established the stage for a dramatic conclusion to its legislative journey. The atmosphere was charged, and the outcome would rest on the dynamics of the remaining votes, with significant implications for the advancement of homosexual rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860703_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860703.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520689600
6074,03,07,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 3 July 1986)","On 2 July 1986, during a parliamentary session that started at 2 p.m., New Zealand's Minister of Agriculture, Mr Moyle, presented a Ministerial statement regarding the farm package. The session included responses from the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Bolger, and Democratic MP for East Coast Bays, Mr G. T. Knapp. Following their speeches, Mr Moyle provided a brief reply. Additionally, the House received and tabled four annual reports from various trusts and boards, including the Winston Churchill Memorial Trust Board, the Johnsonville Licensing Trust, the Mount Albert Licensing Trust, and the Legal Aid Board. The session was marked by ministers answering a total of 14 questions from the floor. The Speaker of the House, Dr Wall, granted a request from the Opposition for a snap debate on the farm package, which was initiated by Mr J. H. Falloon, the Opposition spokesman on agriculture. The debate was temporarily suspended at 5:30 p.m. for dinner and recommenced at 7:30 p.m. Following this discussion, members engaged in a general debate. Once this debate concluded, the Auckland Improvement Trust Amendment Bill successfully passed through its committee stages. Subsequently, the committee stages of the Auckland City Council (Rating Relief) Empowering Amendment Bill were debated and also passed. Both bills progressed to their third readings. The session then moved on to consider the third reading of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. There was a proposal by Mr P. R. Burdon, a National MP from Fendalton, to refer the bill back to its committee stages for possible amendments concerning the age of consent. However, this motion was defeated with a vote of 63 to 22. Following this, Ms Fran Wilde, a Labour MP from Wellington Central, initiated the third reading of the Crimes Amendment Bill, which was the revised title for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. A subsequent motion to close the debate was narrowly defeated, with a tally of 43 against 42. Finally, the House rose at 11 p.m. without concluding the third reading of the bill, indicating that further discussion was still required. The proceedings reflected ongoing political engagement with significant legislation in a time of social change within New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860703_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860703.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520689600
6752,05,07,1986,"Funds For Lesbians Defended By Minister (Press, 5 July 1986)","On 5 July 1986, the Minister of Women’s Affairs, Mrs Hercus, defended the allocation of taxpayers' funds amounting to $1,880 to three lesbian organisations amidst scrutiny from Opposition MPs in Parliament. The grants were sourced from the Ministry’s project fund, and were as follows: $500 was awarded to Lesbians in Print to support the publication of a magazine, $380 was given to a community radio programme aimed at lesbians, and $1,000 was allocated to an Auckland group focused on establishing self-help organisations for lesbians dealing with alcohol and drug abuse. Mrs Hercus highlighted that similar financial support had been provided under the previous National Government, responding to National MPs' demands for specifics on the earlier grants. In response, she presented documented evidence in Parliament illustrating prior funding provided during the 1980-82 period, including $280 granted to the Lesbian Mothers Collective for regional workshops and $200 to the Lesbian Mothers Defence Fund for a pamphlet regarding custody issues for lesbian mothers. During the parliamentary session, Mrs Hercus outlined that the current grants were awarded by an independent eight-member committee, which included representatives reflecting various backgrounds such as rural, disabled, Maori, Pacific Island, church, and trade union women, in addition to established women's organisations. The focus for funding was on promoting equal opportunities for women and assisting groups that lacked government support from other sources. When questioned by Mr Paul East, the MP for Rotorua, about the operational structures of the recipient organisations, Mrs Hercus stated that applicants must have a formal structure which included an accountable treasurer, with most being registered incorporated societies or trusts. Additionally, answering Dr Bill Sutton’s inquiry about the representation of lesbians within women's organisations, she acknowledged that due to the percentage of women who identify as lesbian, it follows that women's organisations would statistically include lesbian members, referencing the former MP for Waipa as an example of inclusion in Parliament.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860705_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860705.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,520862400
6075,09,07,1986,"French Expected To Promote Agents (Press, 9 July 1986)","The two French agents, Captain Dominique Prieur and Major Alain Mafart, convicted of manslaughter for the 1985 bombing of the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior, are to be transferred to the Hao military base, where they will receive full pay during their three-year stay. This arrangement is described by the French Government as a “posting,” and Prime Minister David Lange confirmed this, suggesting the agents may receive promotions upon their return to France. In a heated parliamentary session, Opposition Leader Jim Bolger accused Lange of hypocrisy, stating that the New Zealand Government had essentially sold its commitment to justice for a US$7 million compensation ordered by international adjudicators. Bolger labelled Lange as “two-faced” for changing his position and alleged that the government was capitulating to French blackmail. He asserted that New Zealand’s reputation would suffer due to its perceived readiness to yield under pressure, diminishing the integrity of its judicial system. The session marked notable tensions, with several National Party members, including former Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon, being ejected from the Chamber for interjecting during Lange's statements. Their confrontations included Loud echoes of ""Club Med,"" a reference to the agents' comfortable future, and sarcastic remarks suggesting that Lange had an ""egg on his face,"" given his earlier promises concerning the agents' status. Lange defended the government's decision, claiming it respected New Zealand’s legal principles, stating that under local laws, Mafart and Prieur would not be eligible for parole until they served at least half of their ten-year sentence. However, Bolger pointed out that the arrangement effectively undermined these principles and indicated a troubling compromise in New Zealand's judicial autonomy. He ridiculed the notion that the judicial process had remained intact, given the nature of the agreement with the French government. In addition, Bolger remarked on the bizarre nature of their departure gifts, suggesting that the agents would receive items like suntan lotion and scuba gear, indicative of their impending enjoyment at the military base in the South Pacific. The atmosphere in the House was charged, marked by interjections and protests, as Lange attempted to articulate the rationale behind the government's dealings with France regarding the agents. Other members of the Opposition echoed Bolger's sentiments, asserting that the Labour Government had manipulated political circumstances to evade responsible governance while surrendering to French demands. This ongoing debate highlighted the complexities surrounding diplomatic relations and domestic legal standards in New Zealand, raising concerns about the integrity of the nation's judicial system amidst international pressures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860709_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860709.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521208000
6076,10,07,1986,"Five Votes Pass Homosexual Law Reform (Press, 10 July 1986)","On 9 July 1986, the New Zealand Parliament passed the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which establishes the age of consent at 16, with a narrow vote of 49 in favour and 44 against. The public galleries were filled with supporters, who erupted in applause upon the announcement of the result, although some dissenters expressed their displeasure. Notably, an individual accused the House of promoting immorality, leading to interruptions during the session, including comments from Sir Robert Muldoon that added to the heated atmosphere. The bill, sponsored by Labour MP Fran Wilde from Wellington Central, had been a contentious issue since its introduction 16 months earlier. It drew significant attention, evidenced by the fact that only one member, Jim McLay from the National Party, was absent for the vote, marking it as one of the fullest in New Zealand parliamentary history. Party lines largely shaped the vote outcome, though it was classified as a conscience issue. Among Labour members, only eight voted against the bill, while just three National MPs supported it. In the lead-up to the vote, there had been more than 60 hours of debates in the House and 70 hours within select committees, with numerous amendments proposed—most of which aimed to increase the age of consent. The vote was further complicated by attempts from the opposing side to delay proceedings by having multiple speakers on the floor. Despite the expected support from some members, the opposition was significant. For instance, Mr. George Gair, who had previously considered abstaining, ultimately voted in favour, albeit reluctantly. His comments about preferring a middle ground sparked criticism from anti-reform MPs who declared strong opposition to any notions of compromise. Norman Jones, a key opponent of the bill, warned that while the legislation had passed, efforts against it would continue, including plans for significant fundraising to lobby for repeal. In the aftermath of the vote, Ms. Wilde expressed gratitude to those who supported the bill, especially those from marginal electorates who took political risks. While some in the LGBTQ+ community celebrated the bill's passage, others lamented the exclusion of provisions aiming to outlaw discrimination based on sexual orientation and raised concerns about exemptions for police and military personnel. The vote was described as a pivotal moment in New Zealand's legislative history, with both supporters and opponents anticipating its broader implications for future political discourse and public opinion surrounding LGBTQ+ rights in the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860710_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860710.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521294400
6077,10,07,1986,"God ‘testing Moral Fibre Of The People’ (Press, 10 July 1986)","The passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill by the New Zealand Parliament on 9 July 1986 has elicited strong reactions from various groups and individuals across the country, with a division of opinions marking the discourse surrounding the legislation. The bill was passed by a narrow margin of 49 votes to 44. Mr George McGirr, president of Concerned Christians, expressed disapproval, asserting that the outcome tested the moral fibre of the nation. He had previously placed an advertisement in a Wellington newspaper calling on Christians to fast and pray for divine guidance regarding the bill. Following the outcome, he interpreted the vote as a revelation of God's will and encouraged Christians to become more politically active and vocal. He planned to mobilise voters against any MPs who supported the bill, declaring that while they accept Parliament's decision now, they would not accept it during the upcoming general election. Conversely, Mr Andrew Carstairs, co-ordinator of the Christchurch Gay Task Force, praised the bill's passage, claiming it justified the extensive lobbying efforts made by his community. He stated that this move aligned New Zealand with most Western nations and asserted that the crux of the debate was not about moral beliefs but about legal regulations. Carstairs noted that the age of consent had been established at 16, arguing there was no valid justification for differentiating between the ages of consent for homosexual and heterosexual acts. Opponents of the bill also included Mr Barry Reed, national spokesman for the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, who condemned the reform. He described homosexuality as medically detrimental and morally unacceptable, asserting that the legislation was a betrayal of public sentiment, especially in light of a petition against the bill submitted the previous year. He also raised concerns over the potential implications for public health, suggesting that legalising sodomy might lead to increased rates of AIDS among young people. Reed implied that the support from female MPs for the bill was a disappointment to women everywhere, and he predicted significant political repercussions for the Government in future elections due to this divisive issue. Furthermore, the Most Rev. Denis Hanrahan, Catholic Bishop of Christchurch, expressed his belief that the age of consent should not be set as low as 16, which he felt was too young for both genders. He cautioned against conflating legal changes with moral acceptability. The Rt Rev. Maurice Goodall, Bishop of Christchurch, refrained from commenting. Overall, the discussion and emotional responses following the passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill reveal the significant societal divisions and debates concerning morality, legality, and public health in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860710_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860710.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521294400
6078,10,07,1986,"M.P. For ‘normal’ Life Now (Press, 10 July 1986)","On 10 July 1986, Fran Wilde, the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central and a key figure in New Zealand's homosexual law reform, expressed her desire to lead a more conventional political life following her successful advocacy for the legislation. Commenting on her win, which saw the bill pass with a 49-44 vote, Wilde indicated relief about the conclusion of a challenging process, stating, “I’m pleased it is all over and that we have won.” After the vote, Wilde mentioned that she had felt confident about the outcome during a dinner break prior to the final decision. She was given a brief reprieve from her parliamentary duties as Junior Government Whip to celebrate this significant victory with her supporters. She acknowledged that the journey of guiding the legislation through its various stages had taken an emotional and physical toll on her and her colleagues. Despite facing a hate campaign from opponents of the reform, Wilde asserted that such negativity had little impact on her, stating that she often did not see the hate mail directed at her as her staff chose to withhold it from her. She noted that if the bill had not passed, she would not have pursued the issue again in the current parliamentary session. This victory marked a pivotal moment in New Zealand's legislative history regarding LGBTQ+ rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860710_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860710.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521294400
6079,10,07,1986,"The Day In Parliament (Press, 10 July 1986)","On 9 July 1986, two petitions were presented to the New Zealand Parliament when it convened at 2 p.m. Mr J. A. Banks, a member of the National Party representing Whangarei, introduced a petition from George Ernest Tiller, alongside 6,436 other signatories. This petition requested that Parliament urgently reassess the priority given to the proposed Kamo by-pass, intending to address the ongoing road issues and reduce the noise and environmental pollution affecting local residents and road users. This petition was subsequently referred to the Communications and Road Safety Select Committee for further consideration. Additionally, Mr G. T. Knapp from the Democrat Party, representing East Coast Bays, presented a petition submitted by Philip Arthur Waterhouse and 2,071 other individuals. This petition called for Parliament to repeal the existing goods and services legislation, suggesting that a transfer tax be considered as an alternative form of individual taxation. This petition was sent to the Finance and Expenditure Select Committee. During the session, reports from the New Zealand Export-Import Corporation and the Information Authority for the year ending 31 March 1986 were tabled, and ministers addressed 16 questions. Notably, during this time, the Minister of Finance, Mr Douglas, was ordered from the chamber by the Speaker, Dr Wall. Following this, a two-hour general debate took place, concluding with Mr. R. W. Prebble, a Labour member from Auckland Central, moving to introduce the Auckland Domain Vesting Amendment Bill. However, the debate was interrupted as the House adjourned for dinner at 5.30 p.m. After the dinner break, the bill was formally introduced and referred to the Internal Affairs and Local Government Select Committee. Dr W. D. Sutton, another Labour member from Hawke's Bay, attempted to have the Homosexual Law Reform Bill sent back for further committee consideration. This motion was defeated by a wide margin, receiving 68 votes against 18. The House proceeded to engage in the third reading of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which ultimately passed after a division that resulted in 49 votes in favour and 44 against. The House then resumed its earlier interrupted debate regarding the Solvent Abuse Law Reform Bill. This bill was likewise introduced and sent to the Justice and Law Reform Committee for examination. The session concluded with the House rising at 10.59 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860710_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860710.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521294400
6080,11,07,1986,"A.I.D.S. Research Swayed M.P. To Support Bill (Press, 11 July 1986)","On 11 July 1986, media reported how Ian McLean, the National MP for Tarawera, had taken the unexpected step of voting in favour of the bill, which ultimately passed with a narrow margin of 49 votes to 44 on 9 July. His decision was influenced by extensive research into AIDS over the past year, including insights gained from meeting Australia's leading AIDS task force expert at the Melbourne Medical School. Initially, McLean opposed both the introduction and the further progression of the bill. However, his research prompted him to reassess the situation. He publicly stated that AIDS posed a threat comparable to the plague epidemics of the Middle Ages, and he believed it was crucial to delay the virus's spread while hoping for a medical breakthrough. He emphasised the need for male homosexuals to adopt safer practices and seek testing for AIDS, arguing that the criminalisation of homosexual acts discouraged these necessary steps. McLean contended that changing the law was essential to support public health initiatives concerning AIDS, as evidence suggested that removing the criminal status attached to homosexual acts would encourage individuals to seek help without fear of prosecution. He pointed out that in other regions where similar changes had occurred, there were positive outcomes. Despite his support for the bill, McLean expressed a preference for setting the legal age for homosexual acts at 20 rather than 16. He attributed the more lenient age provision to the reluctance of opponents to compromise on the matter. McLean’s vote not only marked a turning point in the progression of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill but also highlighted the complex interplay between public health concerns and legislative changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860711_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860711.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521380800
6082,11,07,1986,"M.P. Sought Compromise (Press, 11 July 1986)","On 11 July 1986, the New Zealand Parliament witnessed a significant vote regarding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which ultimately passed with a margin of 49 votes to 44. This legislation legalises homosexual activities between consenting males aged 16 and over, marking a notable shift in New Zealand's legal stance on same-sex relationships. Additionally, the bill decriminalises sodomy between consenting heterosexual couples. Dr Bill Sutton, the member of Parliament for Hawke’s Bay, revealed that the bill could have garnered support of 13 additional votes if the age of consent for sodomy had been adjusted to 18, rather than remaining at 16. In a detailed five-page statement, he outlined various strategies employed by members of the House as the bill neared a final reading. Dr Sutton proposed an amendment to return the bill to committee stages to reconsider increasing the age of consent for anal intercourse. He argued that this amendment would not undermine the principle of the bill and would align more closely with the views of the majority of New Zealanders. However, this proposal was overwhelmingly defeated, with a vote of 68 to 18 against it. Dr Sutton indicated that the amendment might have found favour with the bill's sponsor, Ms Fran Wilde, and her supporters, suggesting that it would not discriminate against homosexuals. Yet, he claimed they opted for a more expansive reform at the age of 16. Contrarily, Mr Trevor Mallard, the member for Hamilton West and a close ally of Ms Wilde, challenged Dr Sutton's viewpoint, stating that supporters of the bill had initially considered the amendment only if they felt delaying the bill was necessary due to insufficient votes. He expressed that he personally favoured the current reform at age 16. Dr Sutton recounted discussions with Ms Wilde following the failure of another crucial part of the bill that aimed to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. They had decided to keep the proposed amendment confidential until the last moment to shield supporters from intense lobbying against the bill. Throughout the week, Dr Sutton engaged with National Party members, attempting to sway additional support towards his amendment. He claimed that several members had indicated they might vote for the third reading contingent on the success of his proposed changes, yet as confidence grew among the bill's supporters, they resolved to proceed without any modifications. The final decision to endorse the bill in its ultimate form was made during a dinner meeting, where Dr Sutton was the sole advocate for a compromise. He later described the experience leading up to the vote as challenging and isolating, mentioning that he faced hostility from some members of the public in attendance, yet he maintained that his efforts were significant. The progression of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill has been viewed as a pivotal moment in New Zealand’s social and legal history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860711_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860711.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521380800
6081,11,07,1986,"Voter Backlash Not Expected (Press, 11 July 1986)","On 11 July 1986, Dr Bill Sutton, the Labour member of Parliament for Hawke’s Bay, expressed confidence that his support for legalised homosexuality would not negatively impact his chances for re-election. He stated that his personal surveys indicated a desire for reform among constituents. Dr Sutton believed that, in the years to come, people would reflect on the issue and question the controversy surrounding it. His remarks were made in Wellington and came in response to concerns that MPs backing homosexual law reform, especially those in competitive electorates like Hawke’s Bay, might suffer at the polls. Dr Sutton had recently proposed a compromise that aimed to delay the legality of anal intercourse until individuals reached the age of 18, but this amendment was decisively defeated with a vote of 68 against and only 18 in favour. He remarked that proponents of the bill were aware they had sufficient support to pass the legislation without any modifications. Consequently, they opted to pursue the passage of the bill in its current form rather than risk sending it back for further committee consideration. Despite his disappointment over the rejection of the compromise, Dr Sutton expressed satisfaction that the bill had ultimately been passed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860711_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860711.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521380800
6083,14,07,1986,"Reform Opponents To Seek Funds (Press, 14 July 1986)","On 14 July 1986, a coalition of opponents to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand announced plans to establish a fighting fund to challenge the recently passed legislation, which decriminalises homosexual acts between males over the age of 16. The bill was narrowly approved by Parliament, with a vote of 49 to 44, following sponsorship by Wellington Central Labour MP, Ms Fran Wilde. The coalition, known as the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, aims to raise approximately $800,000 through a campaign that will solicit donations of $1 from the public via newspaper advertisements set to run across New Zealand within the next ten days. The funds will primarily be used to gauge public opinion on the bill and actively work against the politicians who supported it, with the intention to defeat them in the upcoming elections. Key figures targeted by the coalition include Labour politicians who played significant roles in the bill's passage, among them Ms Wilde herself, Mr Trevor Mallard, Mrs Helen Clark, Mrs Anne Fraser, and Mr Phil Goff. The Opposition figures they are looking to unseat include Mr George Gair and Mr Ian McLean. Mr Barry Reed, the national spokesman for the coalition based in Auckland, expressed concerns over the process of the bill's approval, claiming that the decision did not represent a genuine conscience vote and that established Parliamentary procedures had been undermined. He articulated a sentiment of widespread outrage among the community regarding the legislation's passage, indicating dissatisfaction with how Labour utilised its parliamentary majority to ensure the bill's success. Reed asserted that if the traditions of Parliamentary procedure had been maintained, he might have been more accepting of the outcome. He conveyed his serious concerns for democracy in New Zealand, stating that, in his opinion, it was currently at risk, perhaps even more so than the morals of the youth. Reed also indicated that the coalition is capable of reaching upwards of two million voters, demonstrating a significant level of organisation and determination to mobilise opposition against the reform.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860714_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860714.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521640000
6084,15,07,1986,"‘Gay’ Bill Expected To Help Prisoners (Press, 15 July 1986)","The passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill has led to optimism among health officials regarding the lives of gay prisoners in New Zealand. Dr Richard Meech, chairman of the A.I.D.S. advisory committee, expressed that this legislative change would encourage homosexual inmates to come out of the closet and seek help regarding their health concerns. Prior to the bill's passing, the existence of homosexuality in prisons was not officially acknowledged by authorities, which restricted the ability to provide appropriate support and A.I.D.S. prevention resources. In the context of the previous legal framework, even basic health information could not be disseminated to gay inmates due to the stigma associated with homosexuality being illegal. Dr Meech pointed out that the lack of counselling and information on A.I.D.S. posed a significant risk, especially since many inmates included sexually active drug addicts who might be carriers of the virus. With the reform now in place, Dr Meech believes that prison inmates will have the freedom to discuss their sexual orientation and the fears that accompany it. He highlighted that the reform could facilitate discussions concerning health issues among incarcerated homosexual individuals, allowing social workers to provide necessary counselling and education on A.I.D.S. prevention strategies. Dr Meech’s insights underscore a hopeful shift in the prison environment, where the focus can now be on health and safety rather than secrecy and denial surrounding sexual orientation. He indicated that the advisory committee is aware of the presence of potentially high-risk behaviour within the prison population and anticipates that the new legislation will encourage inmates to seek assistance for their substance abuse and sexual health concerns. The overall sentiment reflects a move towards addressing health issues openly, particularly those related to A.I.D.S., now that previous barriers have been removed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860715_2_35_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860715.2.35.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521726400
6085,15,07,1986,"Homosexuality Bill (Press, 15 July 1986)","In a recent correspondence published on 15 July 1986, a letter writer expressed frustration over societal reactions to public issues, particularly contrasting the condemnation of smokers with the acceptance of homosexuals following the passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The writer, M. Burke, suggested that the government allocate some of the funds earmarked for public awareness campaigns to highlight the serious consequences of smoking, as illustrated by the remorseful experiences of celebrity Yul Brynner and the health struggles of Rock Hudson. Burke implied that addressing these contrasting issues would better reflect the complexity of societal concerns. In another letter, Hilary Wilson from Rangiora expressed relief and optimism following the passing of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, describing it as a ""bright spot in a dark and gloomy winter."" She noted that while gay individuals may have difficulty feeling grateful for a lifestyle that should never have been illegal in the first place, the bill's passage represents a significant step toward tolerance and respect for diversity. Wilson thanked the Members of Parliament who supported the legislation, indicating a shift towards greater acceptance of differences within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860715_2_111_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860715.2.111.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521726400
6086,16,07,1986,"Blood Bank A.I.D.S. ‘inevitable’ (Press, 16 July 1986)","An article by Dr Graeme Woodfield, published in the Medical Journal, addresses the potential for cases of AIDS induced by blood transfusions in New Zealand, acknowledging that such cases are likely unavoidable due to prior transfusions conducted before AIDS screening tests were implemented. Dr Woodfield, associated with the New Zealand blood transfusion services centre in Auckland, notes that New Zealand is fortunate to be several years behind the United States and Australia in the AIDS epidemic, allowing local transfusion services time to take necessary precautions before the number of AIDS virus carriers escalated. Since October 1985, routine testing for the AIDS marker has been established in New Zealand, supported by rigorous donor screenings aimed at excluding individuals from at-risk groups. Dr Woodfield indicates that while no transfusion-related AIDS cases have yet been reported in New Zealand, the introduction of AIDS has significantly impacted blood transfusion services. He observes that although transfusion has statistically been a minor cause of AIDS transmission, public anxiety surrounding the possibility of receiving contaminated blood has led to a notable decline in donor turnout early in the testing programme, partly due to misconceptions that blood donation could transmit AIDS. Moving forward, Dr Woodfield emphasises that AIDS will remain a concern in New Zealand, necessitating stringent donor screening and testing protocols. He also highlights the constructive collaboration with the homosexual community and the overall support from blood donors during this period of procedural evolution. Enhanced donor re-registration, medical screening, and the dissemination of educational materials about AIDS have been implemented to safeguard blood supplies. Dr Woodfield reassures that the risk to individual patients requiring blood transfusions is now exceedingly low due to these proactive measures. Nevertheless, he stresses the importance of making potential donors aware of the criteria for exclusion from donating blood, advising that those needing unlinked AIDS testing should seek alternative testing facilities rather than attempting to utilise blood donation for that purpose. Lastly, he encourages medical staff to evaluate their blood usage practices, permitting transfusions only in justified circumstances. These initiatives are aimed at ensuring the utmost safety for transfused blood while providing reassurance to both medical professionals and patients in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860716_2_75_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860716.2.75.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521812800
7043,16,07,1986,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 16 July 1986)","During a recent debate held by the Heathcote Valley Community Association, attendees engaged with the topic of how to appropriately address the chairperson, Minister of Women’s Affairs Ann Hercus. The first speaker for the negative side of the debate expressed his uncertainty in addressing her properly, to which Ann simply replied, “Ann,” providing a reminder of her preference for a more personal approach. The discussion then shifted to the historical context of international sports events like the Olympic and Commonwealth Games, which have faced challenges such as boycotts and bans. The origins of the Commonwealth Games can be traced back to a letter written in 1891 by Rev. J. Astley Cooper, who proposed a gathering of industry, science, culture, and sport to promote goodwill among nations of the Empire. Although it took 39 years for this idea to materialise into the first Empire Games, held in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, in 1930, Cooper is still credited with planting the seeds for such an event. In a more light-hearted segment, readers were encouraged to revamp their expressions of frustration, possibly taking inspiration from an old phrase used by an American law professor in the 1940s, although no guarantees were provided for its effectiveness. A discovery made by Keith Christensen and his wife during a walk led to the unearthing of a copper medallion from the Woolston Cut. This medallion, resembling a 50-cent piece, was inscribed with the words “Dunstable House, established 1854, Cashel Street Christchurch,” along with a reference to William Pratt, a direct importer of linen drapery and clothing. Mr. Christensen is curious if anyone remembers these medallions or their origin. Additionally, readers reminisced about the origin of the term “Peggy squares,” which refers to knitted blanket squares created by a young girl named Peggy Huse during the late 1920s or early 1930s in Haywards, near Wellington. As Peggy contributed her squares to a committee, she introduced them by saying, “They’re Peggy’s squares,” which led to the term being popularly adopted. In Raetihi, a humorous incident transpired during a borough council meeting where a misprint mistakenly referred to the Acting Mayor, John Compton, as Mrs. J. Compton. This generated laughter among council members, but Compton, displaying good humour, handled the jest with grace, continuing with the agenda and responding to a voice across the room that coyly offered to second a motion by addressing him as “ma’am.” These moments of levity in otherwise serious meetings often become cherished memories among local councils.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860716_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860716.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521812800
6087,17,07,1986,"Students’ Moves On ‘gays’ Fail (Press, 17 July 1986)","On 17 July 1986, a motion at the University of Otago's Student Representative Council to appoint homosexual and lesbian rights officers was defeated after a vote of 170 to 141. This meeting saw a significant turnout, likely due to the contentious nature of the motion. The proposed positions were to be filled by a ""gay"" man and a lesbian woman, emphasising the need for representation of LGBTQ+ rights within the university. Mr Paul Kinder, the president of the Gay University Students' Society, expressed disappointment over the defeat of the motion. He highlighted that the recent passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill had created a more equal legal framework for sexual activities between homosexuals and heterosexuals. However, Kinder pointed out that discrimination based on sexual orientation remained legal in various areas, including housing, employment, and the provision of goods and services. He stressed the necessity of having dedicated rights officers to promote and protect the human rights of gay and lesbian individuals. Despite the failure of the original motion, there is an indication of ongoing interest in LGBTQ+ representation, as another motion has already been proposed for consideration at the next council meeting scheduled in a fortnight. The new proposal calls for the appointment of a general male officer and a ""decent Kiwi joker"" officer, suggesting a more informal approach to the council’s leadership structure. The ongoing discussions reflect the broader societal conversations around LGBTQ+ rights and representation during this period in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860717_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860717.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521899200
6088,18,07,1986,"Homosexuality Bill (Press, 18 July 1986)","A series of letters published in ""The Press"" in July 1986 reflects the contentious debate surrounding the proposed homosexual law reform in New Zealand. The discourse includes a response to a previous letter written by Mr McGirr from Nelson, who called on Christians to pray and fast for God's guidance regarding the reform. Following Parliament's vote in favour of the bill, Mr McGirr suggested this outcome indicated the Lord's will had been revealed. However, he also stated that Christians should oppose any MPs who supported the legislation, leading to confusion regarding the interpretation of God's will. Letitia B. Onions from Wellington questioned the inconsistency in Mr McGirr's stance, highlighting that opposing the MPs would contradict the belief that their voting reflected God's intent. In another letter, Varian J. Wilson voiced strong criticism of the law reform, suggesting it stemmed from political factions rather than a genuine consensus on human rights. He attributed the support for reform to a coalition of feminist MPs and the influence of the homosexual community, which he viewed as a threat to societal norms. Wilson expressed concerns about potential negative societal impacts, including public displays of homosexuality and an influx of individuals associated with diseases like AIDS, implying that health authorities would struggle with the financial implications of these changes. Overall, these letters capture the polarised opinions on the homosexual law reform, illustrating the broader cultural and political tensions of the time in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860718_2_97_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860718.2.97.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521985600
6956,18,07,1986,"Transvestite Stabbed (Press, 18 July 1986)","On 17 July 1986, in Gracefield Avenue, central Christchurch, a 21-year-old transvestite was stabbed in the chest during a dispute in a flat at approximately 4.15 p.m. The victim, who was receiving sickness benefits, received medical treatment at Christchurch Hospital and was subsequently discharged. Following the incident, police arrested a 19-year-old man believed to be involved. He was held in custody overnight and is set to appear in the District Court on charges of wounding with intent and assault.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860718_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860718.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,521985600
7692,19,07,1986,"Fundamentalism (Press, 19 July 1986)","Wayne Rissman expresses his thoughts on an article by Professor Barr published on 15 July 1986. He notes that while traditional churches have seen a decline in followers, fundamentalist churches are experiencing growth. Rissman questions whether this decline results from the traditional church's compromises, which he believes have eroded its authority and power. He argues that any church that endorses practices such as sodomy or denies core tenets like the virgin birth and resurrection, as well as the authority of the Bible, has been misled. He emphasizes that human intellect often seeks to reinterpret Biblical truths, leading to deception. Rissman concludes that, in contrast to fallible human understanding, the Bible remains uncompromising and unchanging, asserting that fundamentalism will strengthen as societal values decline.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860719_2_100_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860719.2.100.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522072000
6957,19,07,1986,"Sickness Beneficiary On Stabbing Count (Press, 19 July 1986)","On 19 July 1986, a District Court session revealed a series of criminal cases. A 19-year-old sickness beneficiary, Shane Terence Fox, was remanded in custody until 25 July following serious charges related to a stabbing incident at a flat on Gracefield Avenue. The victim, Shane Ian Sampson, also known as Michelle Shar Sampson, sustained severe chest and stomach wounds. Fox faced charges of intentionally injuring Sampson and assaulting another individual, Zeana Isabella Lilly Solomon. A duty solicitor representing Fox sought bail, which was opposed by the police due to the severity of the charges. Judge Frampton denied the bail, labelling it as being against the public interest and also refused an application to have the bail appeal considered privately. In a separate case, Geoffrey Robert Muir, a 31-year-old unemployed man, was fined $300 after being found guilty of bookmaking activities. Muir had a prior criminal history, but this was his first offence related to betting. He explained to the court that he had been taking bets over the phone and relaying them to an unnamed third party. Sergeant G. Buchanan stated that police discovered evidence of Muir's bookmaking operation during a search of his home on 16 July. Additionally, John Terence Mason, a 23-year-old prisoner, was remanded in custody until 25 July on charges of escaping from the police as well as trying to steal a car valued at $1000 and taking $5.10 from a woman on 18 July. No pleas were entered during this hearing. Moreover, Shane John Pooley, a 21-year-old tool restorer, was convicted of fraudulently obtaining $1805 through cheques stolen from a boarder in his home. Pooley admitted to taking 18 cheques from the complainant's cheque book and spending the money on personal expenses. Sergeant Buchanan noted that Pooley's actions were motivated by a dislike towards the complainant, and he was remanded on bail until 1 August for a sentencing report. Also, Philip James Ives, 20 years old and unemployed, received a sentence of periodic detention for two months and was ordered to pay $700 in compensation after being convicted of three burglary charges. The burglaries involved stealing property worth $2975 from holiday homes in Charteris Bay. Ives was required to undergo six months of probationary supervision as part of his sentencing. Counsel indicated that his only explanation for the burglaries was financial desperation. Overall, these cases illustrate ongoing issues surrounding violence, financial crime, and property theft within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860719_2_36_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860719.2.36.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522072000
6089,21,07,1986,"National Unhappy About Poll (Press, 21 July 1986)","A public opinion poll conducted by ""Eye Witness""Heylen at the end of July 1986 has revealed a narrowing gap between the Labour Government and National Opposition, with Labour's support decreasing from 53 per cent to 49 per cent and National's increasing from 42 per cent to 44 per cent. Despite the shift, Labour remains ahead by five points, though both parties face challenges. The poll comes on the heels of three significant events that have adversely affected the Labour Government. Firstly, the resolution of the Rainbow Warrior incident led to the release of two convicted French agents, raising concerns and dissatisfaction among the public, particularly regarding the agents' transfer to a French military installation on Hao. Secondly, it was disclosed that the internal deficit was $1,000 million higher than anticipated, prompting forecasts of further expenditure cuts. Lastly, the passage of homosexual law reform through Parliament, facilitated by a strong majority from government supporters, has also stirred mixed reactions. In terms of leadership approval, Prime Minister David Lange saw a drop in preferred Prime Minister ratings from 33 points to 30, still surpassing the combined total of his National Party rivals. Sir Robert Muldoon’s rating fell from 17 points to 14, affected by his recent absence overseas, while new National Party leader Jim Bolger saw an increase from 13 to 14 points, achieving a plateau in his ratings over recent months. Public perception of Lange's performance has declined, with only 45 per cent of those polled believing he is doing a good job, marking a significant dip in his popularity. Support for Labour's economic policies appears to have waned, although there is typically a delay of about three months in public reactions to economic indicators and party ratings. Notably, the only economic aspect that showed improvement was public approval of the goods and services tax. Despite the turmoil, the consistent five-point gap suggests that National has not yet articulated concrete policies that resonate with the electorate, which highlights a crucial factor in their ongoing challenges to Labour. Bolger's approval rating as Leader of the Opposition has risen to 45 per cent, while Lange's plummeting popularity reflects broader dissatisfaction, particularly in light of the government's handling of the Rainbow Warrior situation and other pressing economic issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860721_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860721.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522244800
7693,21,07,1986,"U.s. Court Ruling (Press, 21 July 1986)","On 2 July 1986, the United States Supreme Court made a significant ruling regarding sodomy laws, determining that consensual sodomy between adults remains a criminal offence. This decision has broader implications as it upholds a law from the State of Georgia, which categorises both anal and oral sex as criminal acts. The ruling has sparked considerable debate, particularly among organisations opposed to homosexuality, who are now mobilising an effort to contact voters nationwide. Their aim is to gather support for repealing a recent bill that has legalised sodomy. The writer, J. Sharp, argues that if this anti-homosexual reform lobby is genuinely committed to its cause, it should advocate for the classification of all forms of sexual activities deemed ""perverted,"" including both anal and oral sex, as dangerous and contrary to natural law. Sharp's letter suggests that such practices should also face criminalisation, reflecting a broader concern about what he perceives as the moral decline associated with these sexual behaviours.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860721_2_119_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860721.2.119.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522244800
6090,25,07,1986,"New Flag (Press, 25 July 1986)","In letters published on 25 July 1986, New Zealanders express their opinions regarding the ongoing discussions about a new national flag amidst pressing economic issues. The first letter criticises politicians for what the writer perceives as a focus on trivial matters like nuclear ships and the Rainbow Warrior incident, instead of addressing severe economic decline affecting the country. The writer, M. Ferguson from Springs Junction, questions the need for a new flag and suggests that if one were to be created, it should feature a red background with a small green Kiwi with its head in the sand, symbolising ignorance or denial. P. McLaughlin follows up with a critique of a recently unveiled flag design, describing it as unappealing and likening it to a “boring beach towel.” In contrast, another writer highlights the significance of the silver fern as a symbol of New Zealand identity. The letter recalls the pride associated with the silver fern, illustrated through the writer's remembrance of her husband, a representative oarsman in the 1920s. After moving to England in the 1930s, he would play golf in his blazer adorned with the silver fern. This led to a humorous encounter with local boys who immediately recognised him as a New Zealander. Overall, the letters reflect a mixture of frustration over political distractions during economic hardship, dissatisfaction with proposed new flag designs, and fondness for traditional symbols like the silver fern that embody national pride.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860725_2_100_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860725.2.100.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522590400
7162,28,07,1986,"A.I.D.S. Counsellor Appointed In Chch (Press, 28 July 1986)","The A.I.D.S. Foundation has appointed John Bradshaw as a counsellor in Christchurch, starting in August 1986. Mr. Bradshaw, an experienced counsellor and teacher, will likely receive referrals from various local organisations, including the A.I.D.S. Support Network, church counselling groups, and medical professionals. He is set to provide counselling services for 20 hours a week, although an office location is yet to be established. The foundation is in discussions with the Canterbury Hospital Board to set up an A.I.D.S. clinic in Christchurch, which will offer diagnostic and counselling services. Until a permanent clinic can be opened, interim facilities will be required, with Mr. Lindberg anticipating a decision on the clinic's establishment soon. Currently, the only A.I.D.S. clinic in New Zealand is in Auckland, which opened a month prior and has been busy with cases. In Christchurch, there has been only one reported A.I.D.S. patient, a Californian treated at Christchurch Hospital for pneumonia in May, who subsequently passed away in the United States. National statistics indicate that 136 New Zealanders have come into contact with the A.I.D.S. virus, with projections suggesting around 20 could develop the disease, known for its fatality. The A.I.D.S. Foundation and its Christchurch counterparts focus on public education and promoting ""safe sex"" practices as key strategies to prevent an A.I.D.S. epidemic in New Zealand. The foundation is government-funded, and the volunteer A.I.D.S. Support Network in Christchurch has conducted training weekends for its members, numbering about 50. The network, coordinated by Ian Smith, places significant emphasis on educating both the public and at-risk groups to mitigate the spread of the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860728_2_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860728.2.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522849600
7694,28,07,1986,"Top Justices ‘like Scorpions’ (Press, 28 July 1986)","On 28 July 1986, Justice Harry Blackmun of the United States Supreme Court expressed his views on the Court's recent term, describing it as the most challenging of his 16-year tenure. Speaking at the Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference in Minneapolis, Blackmun remarked on the deteriorating atmosphere within the Court, noting, ""The Court is getting older, a little more short-tempered."" He indicated that significant issues, such as abortion, sodomy, and matters of religion, have led to heightened tensions among the justices, highlighting their dissatisfaction and impatience with one another. Justice Blackmun's comments were framed as personal opinions, rather than reflections of the entire Court's stance. He candidly observed that the justices had begun to bicker from the start of the term in September, likening their dynamic to ""nine scorpions in a bottle."" This imagery underlined the extent of the discord among the members of the Court during this period. Additionally, Blackmun, who is renowned for authoring the landmark 1973 decision that legalised abortion, expressed strong dissent regarding a recent ruling that upheld a Georgia statute criminalising sodomy between consenting adults in private. He condemned the majority opinion on this matter as ""outrageous,"" showcasing his critical stance on the Court's direction in handling such sensitive social issues. These statements were part of Blackmun’s annual review of the Supreme Court's activities, which he shares with judges of the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals. His yearly reviews have gained a reputation for their candidness about the inner workings of the Court, a rarity among Supreme Court justices and indicative of Blackmun's willingness to engage openly with his colleagues in the judiciary. Justice Blackmun had previously served as a judge in the Eighth Circuit from 1959 until his elevation to the Supreme Court in 1970.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860728_2_70_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860728.2.70.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522849600
7509,29,07,1986,"Talks On Virus Prevention (Press, 29 July 1986)","On 29 July 1986, Dr Richard Meech, chairman of the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, announced plans for a national conference focused on A.I.D.S. prevention strategies in New Zealand. While discussions are ongoing, the committee has faced funding challenges, as the available resources from the Health Department are insufficient to fully cover the conference's costs. Dr Meech mentioned that there is a potential opportunity for A.I.D.S. experts from Australia to visit New Zealand following an upcoming conference in Australia. However, he highlighted an ongoing debate about the necessity of bringing in international specialists, given New Zealand's relatively low incidence of A.I.D.S. compared to other countries, suggesting that local circumstances might warrant a different approach to controlling the disease. In another development, the ""New Zealand Medical Journal"" reported a resolution in the international debate regarding the nomenclature of the virus associated with A.I.D.S. Previously referred to as HTLV-III in some regions and LAV in others, it has now been officially named Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The future standard abbreviation for this virus is still pending but may be decided as HIV or HIDV.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860729_2_96_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860729.2.96.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522936000
6532,29,07,1986,"Transsexual Pet Fools ‘penthouse’ (Press, 29 July 1986)","On 29 July 1986, ""Australian Penthouse"" magazine announced that its August Pet of the Month is Julia Sommers, a dancer from Sydney who is a transsexual. The magazine confirmed a prior report from the ""Sunday Telegraph"" stating that Julia was originally named Julian and was born in Perth in 1958. She underwent a sex change operation in 1983. ""Penthouse"" revealed that Sommers explained her background shortly after the publication of the issue, which raised questions about her transsexuality. Initially, she chose not to disclose this aspect of her identity when she was contracted to model for the magazine. However, she informed the publication once it hit the stands, anticipating that her background would be discovered through other means. Sommers lived as a male until she turned 18, at which point she began dressing as a woman. She had breast implant surgery in 1981 and sought a sex change operation in Australia but was unsuccessful. This prompted her to travel to Asia for the procedure. Although her birth certificate still labels her as male, ""Penthouse"" noted that she has faced no difficulties adopting a feminine persona. Recently, she earned recognition by placing third in a Perth beauty contest.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860729_2_64_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860729.2.64.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,522936000
6091,30,07,1986,"A.I.D.S. Virus Variants May Provide Immunity (Press, 30 July 1986)","Researchers have discovered that infection with one strain of the AIDS virus may provide protection against other strains, potentially aiding vaccine development. A study published in the journal ""Science"" highlighted findings from a team at the University of Alabama Medical Centre, which included collaborations with several other institutions. It was noted that infected homosexual men, who often have multiple exposures to different variants of the virus, typically carry only one strain or closely related variants. This finding suggests that once an individual is infected with one AIDS strain, they may be immune to other strains. Dr George Shaw, one of the researchers, commented that this protective mechanism is unlikely to stem from traditional viral immunity, wherein an infected cell loses its capacity for other strains to invade. Surprisingly, many individuals with chronic AIDS infection maintain normal levels of uninfected white blood cells, which should be vulnerable to new infections. The team is exploring reasons behind the limited infection scope, suggesting it might be due to an immune response triggered after initial infection, or potentially due to a non-immunologic factor. They posited that if this protective factor could be identified, it might serve as a preventive measure against AIDS. Additionally, Dr Shaw referenced earlier research from Harvard which discovered a variant called HTLV-4 in West Africa, which appears not to cause disease. There is speculation that this variant might offer protection against the strains that do cause AIDS. The researchers’ study also examined the rapid mutation of the AIDS virus. Samples from patients over periods as long as two years indicated that while the virus mutates quickly, it does not evolve directly from one version to another. Instead, multiple versions can exist in a patient simultaneously, adapting in parallel. This mutation rate was found to be significantly higher than that of other similar RNA viruses, such as influenza, which necessitates frequent updates to vaccines. Despite the rapid genetic changes that make it challenging to pinpoint stable targets for vaccines, the researchers identified certain conserved regions that appear across most variants. These regions could potentially be the basis for future treatments and preventative measures against AIDS. Overall, the study sheds light on the complexities of AIDS virus infection and suggests avenues for further research into protective mechanisms and vaccine development.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860730_2_187.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860730.2.187,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523022400
7753,02,08,1986,"A.i.d.s. Girl’s Mother Relieved (Press, 2 August 1986)","On 2 August 1986, Gloria van Grafhorst expressed her relief regarding the acceptance of her four-year-old daughter, Eve, into the Rudolf Steiner School in Hastings. Eve is known to be a carrier of the A.I.D.S. virus, which has raised concerns among some parents. Gloria stated that she is “relieved that the waiting is over” and praised the school for treating Eve as a normal pupil. The school board and teachers had deliberated for nearly two months before making their decision. Last week, Eve's 13-year-old sister, Dana, also began attending the school and has reportedly settled in well. Due to the decision to accept Eve, two or three families have expressed intentions to withdraw their children from the school. Eve will be starting her kindergarten at the Rudolf Steiner School for five mornings a week once the third term commences on 15 September. This decision marks a significant development for the van Grafhorst family amid the challenges they face.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860802_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860802.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523281600
6753,04,08,1986,"‘Floodgate Of Porn Allowed’ (Press, 4 August 1986)","On 4 August 1986, the Chief Film Censor of New Zealand, Arthur Everard, faced criticism from the Opposition's spokesman on internal affairs, Graeme Lee, regarding the increase in hardcore pornography available in the market. Lee claimed that the influx of pornographic videos had reached a ""virtual floodgate"" level, attributing this to Everard's actions in approving numerous explicit titles. To address public concerns, Everard had begun adding a warning label to R18 videos, stating, “Explicit sexual content may offend,” and at least one theatrical film had also received this warning. This label was used for videos containing long scenes of actual sexual activities, including intercourse, sodomy, masturbation, oral sex, group sex, and lesbian acts. Lee pointed out that the New Zealand Gazette noted that up to 500 copies of each title were submitted to the Censor and subsequently approved for public viewing. In a single month, 23 video titles, totalling 9,500 copies, were given the explicit content warning. Lee further criticised the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr Tapsell, for not viewing the videos personally. He argued that Tapsell was neglecting his responsibilities by failing to address the growing presence of hardcore pornography in New Zealand. According to Lee, the Minister was effectively ignoring the issue, which allowed the country to be inundated with what he termed as ""the vilest filth"" from across the Western world. Lee urged Tapsell to confront the reality of the situation, advocating for him to view some of the sexually explicit content approved by film censors and take necessary action before video libraries became saturated with such material.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860804_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860804.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523454400
6092,04,08,1986,"‘Gays’ Urged To Seek Election (Press, 4 August 1986)","On 1 August 1986, John Morgan, a Labour candidate for the Wellington Hospital Board, publicly declared his homosexuality in a bid to enhance the visibility and acceptance of gay individuals in local politics. He stated that openly gay men should consider running for local body elections to foster greater public awareness and to help address the apathy often surrounding these elections. Morgan's comments followed the recent passage of the Homosexual Law Reform Act, which he described as a significant milestone for the gay community. Morgan expressed confidence that the liberal climate in Wellington would support his candidacy. He held the position of a senior investigating officer in the Commerce Division of the Trade and Industry Department and had been an active participant in campaigning for the Homosexual Law Reform Bill with the Gay Task Force, illustrating his commitment to the cause. Additionally, he is involved with the publication ""Pink Triangle,"" which serves the homosexual community. While Morgan noted his particular interests in issues such as AIDS and mental health, he clarified that he did not intend to be seen as merely a ""single issue candidate."" Instead, he planned to advocate for a broad range of community health interests if elected. His candidacy symbolises a push toward greater representation and acceptance of the homosexual community within the political landscape of New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860804_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860804.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523454400
6093,04,08,1986,"Decent Kiwi Joker Wanted (Press, 4 August 1986)","On 4 August 1986, the Otago University Students’ Association (OUSA) announced the creation of two new executive positions: the Decent Kiwi Joker and the Reasonable Man. This decision follows a previous unsuccessful attempt to establish a homosexual rights officer within the executive. Initiated by students Rodger Harwood and Mike Lloyd, the proposal for these new roles emerged as a counter-movement to the earlier suggestion for a dedicated officer supporting homosexual rights. During a recent meeting of the Student Representative Council (SRC), a vote was held which required a two-thirds majority to amend the constitution and implement the new positions. Mr. Lloyd noted that the turnout for this vote was higher than usual, leading to the successful endorsement of the constitutional change. He has expressed interest in running for the Decent Kiwi Joker position, with indications that feminists at the university may also propose a candidate. The Decent Kiwi Joker, as described by Mr. Lloyd, embodies traditional New Zealand values and interests. He humorously outlined his vision for the position as one that favours rugby, racing, and beer, while dismissing modern culinary trends such as quiche. Mr. Lloyd further advocated for a more relatable language in the student union, suggesting that food items should be referred to using familiar terms, such as calling quiche “pie.” The Reasonable Man position is designed to provide representation for individuals who identify with being reasonable and who wish to have their voices heard within the student body. Elections for both positions are set to take place at the first SRC meeting of the following term. The introduction of these roles reflects a move towards inclusivity in representation, albeit through a lens that appeals to traditional values and humour, as articulated by the proposed candidates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860804_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860804.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523454400
6094,04,08,1986,"Tv Airing For Ailing Film Industry (Press, 4 August 1986)","A season of New Zealand films is being showcased on television this week, offering viewers a chance to experience a variety of genres including mystery, action, drama, and real-life stories. From 4 to 8 August 1986, these films will air on Channel One, providing much-needed exposure for an industry currently facing financial difficulties. The line-up begins with ""Bad Blood,"" airing on 4 August at 9 p.m. This film, set in Hokitika in 1941, tells the infamous story of Stan Graham, a farmer who becomes the target of a massive manhunt after his violent rampage results in seven deaths. Based on H. A. Willis's book ""Manhunt,"" the film features Jack Thompson, known for his role in “Breaker Morant,” and gained critical acclaim during its 1981 screening in London. On 5 August at 9 p.m., ""Vigil"" will be presented. This film, directed by Vincent Ward, has received high praise, including being labelled the ""best film to come from New Zealand” by the Los Angeles Times. It tells the poignant story of a young girl who struggles with the arrival of a handyman who threatens to replace her deceased father, a shepherd living in a remote part of New Zealand. Recognised as ""visionary cinema,"" ""Vigil"" was notable for being the first New Zealand film to compete at the Cannes Film Festival and includes a cast featuring Bill Kerr and Penelope Stewart. Next, on 6 August at 9 p.m., viewers can watch ""Trial Run."" This thriller takes a fresh approach to the horror narrative of a woman isolated and menaced by an unseen adversary. Annie Whittle plays the lonely photographer who, while on assignment to document yellow-eyed penguins, confronts terrifying events. Directed by Melanie Read, the film seeks to present a strong, resourceful female protagonist, culminating in a surprising and unsettling conclusion. On 7 August at 9.30 p.m., ""Among The Cinders"" will air. This adaptation of Maurice Shadbolt's novel follows the troubled life of Nick Flinders, a young man whose world is turned upside down after the accidental death of his friend Sam during a hunting trip. As Nick grapples with his emotions, his family worries about his mental state, while his grandfather offers support. The film, directed by West German Rolf Haedrich, follows Nick's journey towards healing amid profound grief. Finally, on 8 August at 8:05 p.m., ""Sylvia"" will conclude the week of screenings. Selected by a critic from New York's ""Village Voice"" as one of the best films of 1985, ""Sylvia"" is a biographical depiction of Sylvia Ashton-Warner, a teacher whose innovative work with Māori children influenced educational theory. Set in the 1940s, the film stars Eleanor David in the lead role, highlighting her dedication and impact on education. This season of films serves not just as entertainment, but also as a showcase of New Zealand's cinematic capacity amid industry challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860804_2_113_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860804.2.113.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523454400
7596,04,08,1986,"Women’s Bookshop Makes A Move To Meet Demand (Press, 4 August 1986)","On 4 August 1986, the Kate Sheppard Bookshop in Christchurch, which focuses on books by and for women, celebrated its growth and success after facing numerous challenges since its inception four years prior. Initially opened by a group that included a nurse, a teacher, and a librarian, the shop struggled in its first year due to the owners' lack of experience in the book trade and the community's slow discovery of the store. However, the enterprise has flourished, prompting a move from High St to a larger location at 145 Manchester St, making it the only women's bookshop in the South Island following the closure of a similar shop in Dunedin in 1982. The shop is notable for attracting a diverse clientele, including many men interested in women's issues, and recently received support from a men’s consciousness-raising group to assist with its move. The new premises, formerly Easts Bookshop, boasts three times the space of the original location, allowing for a broader inventory that includes magazines, stationery, cards, New Zealand-made pottery, jewellery, and a robust collection of works by New Zealand women authors. The owners expressed enthusiasm for expanding their range to include more materials from Māori women writers. They shared a humorous anecdote about a mix-up with a customer who mistakenly requested a book titled ""Raspberry Forest,"" which turned out to be a confusing reference to ""Rubyfruit Jungle"" by Rita May Brown. In addition to the bookshop's news, an upcoming exhibition featuring quilted and patchwork items from across New Zealand will take place at the Centre Gallery in the Arts Centre on 8 to 10 August. This exhibition, showcasing works by various quilting tutors including the Australian quiltmaker Joan McKenzie, will offer items for sale, including clothing, quilts, and rare antique pieces. The event aims to raise funds for the second New Zealand National Quilt Symposium scheduled for Christchurch in February 1987, which will feature several international tutors. Another report highlighted a Christian women’s project named ""Empower,"" which focuses on helping Thai women and children escape prostitution. The initiative is backed by church organisations and aims to address the needs identified by its beneficiaries directly. Further, a new anti-smoking play titled ""Too Young to be Old,"" written by Canterbury University’s writer in residence Rachael McAlpine, is set to premiere at the Cracroft Community Centre. Targeting older secondary school students, it aims to deliver a serious message within a comedic framework. Finally, a course exploring women’s sexuality will be offered by the Family Planning Association, with sessions on 15 and 16 August, alongside discussions about ""ageism"" in children's literature, a topic to be presented by Dr Wendy Low at an upcoming meeting of the Canterbury branch of the New Zealand Association of Gerontology. Overall, these events reflect a vibrant community engagement focused on women's issues, health, and education in Christchurch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860804_2_106_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860804.2.106.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523454400
6533,06,08,1986,"‘About Face’ Brings New N.Z. Talent To... (Press, 6 August 1986)","A new series titled ""About Face"" is set to begin screening on New Zealand television, marking a significant development in the local film industry. The series, comprising seven half-hour films, will air on Sunday evenings at 10 p.m., starting from 10 August 1986. It is produced by John Maynard and Bridget Ikin of Hibiscus Films, based in Auckland, and aims to showcase the talents of a new generation of filmmakers by featuring different directors for each film, all of whom have previously made innovative short films but have not directed drama before. The initiative is described as introducing fresh creative energy into New Zealand filmmaking by incorporating new writers and actors alongside established talent. Producer John Maynard highlights that ""About Face"" explores contemporary aspects of life in a positive manner, aspiring for a higher quality of home-grown drama on New Zealand television. The series kicks off with ""Danny and Raewyn,"" starring Jennifer Ward-Lealand, who takes on her first film role after gaining recognition as Nadia in ""The Seekers."" The film focuses on the struggles of a suburban couple facing a crisis in their marriage, and it is written and directed by Gregor Nicholas, who has a background in architecture and art history. He previously won awards for his short film ""Drum/Sing."" Other notable actors in the film include Sylvia Rands, known for her role in the award-winning series ""Hanlon."" Following ""Danny and Raewyn,"" the series will include a varied lineup of films. ""The Lamb of God,"" directed by Costa Botes, presents a bizarre story set on a night when sheep take over New Zealand. ""A Fitting Tribute,"" directed by Greg Stitt, is inspired by a classic short story by C. K. Stead and features Lucy Sheehan in a standout performance. The thought-provoking ""Jewel's Dari,"" directed by Peter Wells, explores a love story involving a transvestite and a transsexual, adapted from an award-winning short story by Anne Kennedy. Another highlight is ""Return Journey,"" directed by Shereen Maloney, which tells the story of a mother and daughter bonding, featuring performances by Mary Regan and Elizabeth McBae. Also included is ""Universal Drive,"" directed by actor Martyn Sanderson, focusing on a brother and sister navigating a personal crisis. Finally, ""My First Suit,"" directed by Stewart Main, offers a comedic portrayal of a young boy named Steve dealing with his parents' separation while preparing for a school dance, touching on themes of identity and sexuality. Producer John Maynard explains that ""About Face"" offers a platform for new directors in the realm of drama, presenting a collection of local stories that vary in tone from serious to lighthearted, yet all contribute unique characters and narratives to New Zealand television drama.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860806_2_96_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860806.2.96.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523627200
6095,07,08,1986,"New Generation Of Film-makers Dominate First Days... (Press, 7 August 1986)","The tenth Christchurch International Film Festival kicked off on 7 August 1986, showcasing a strong emphasis on youthful themes, energy, and creativity. The festival attracted attention with its selection of four standout films that resonated particularly well with audiences: ""My Beautiful Laundrette,"" ""Brother From Another Planet,"" ""Repo Man,"" and ""Subway."" Despite their shared youthful hedonism and punk aesthetic, each film presents a unique narrative and style. ""My Beautiful Laundrette,"" a British film, engages with the complex issues of race, class, sexuality, and politics in London, following a young Pakistani man and his punk friend as they attempt to open a laundromat. The film draws attention to the nuanced realities of its characters, highlighting their imperfections and humanity. ""Repo Man,"" an American film, combines elements of anti-establishment sentiment and sci-fi with a story centred on the misadventures of a young repo man, played by Harry Dean Stanton. Its anarchic sense of fun and irreverence resonates throughout the film. Similarly, ""Brother From Another Planet"" examines alienation and societal detachment through the lens of an extraterrestrial being who observes life in Harlem, shedding light on the struggles faced by those in the community. French film ""Subway"" features Christopher Lambert as a punk musician who escapes from law enforcement by hiding in the Paris Metro. His journey introduces him to a fantastical underworld of misfits who also evade societal norms. The festival also featured notable works from established directors. Eric Rohmer's ""Full Moon in Paris"" examines themes of young love and self-deception, while Jean-Luc Godard's ""Hail, Mary"" offers a more obtuse take that leaves viewers questioning its handling of sacrilege. Additionally, Helma Sanders-Brahms' ""The Future of Emily"" provides an anti-feminist perspective on family life across generations, and Marleen Gorris’ ""Broken Mirrors"" presents a feminist horror narrative focused on prostitution. The festival continued into its second week at the Savoy Theatre, with a diverse programme featuring films from ten different countries. Highlights included Laurie Anderson’s concert film ""Home of the Brave,"" a horror-comedy titled ""Re-Animator,"" and the vibrant musical ""Shanghai Blues"" from Hong Kong. Several other films were scheduled, with Spanish feature ""The Holy Innocents"" depicting themes around societal oppression and the landlord class, while ""When Father Was Away on Business"" offered a surreal look at family dynamics during unsettled political times in Yugoslavia. David Hare made his directorial debut with ""Wetherby,"" and Martin Scorsese contributed with ""After Hours,"" exploring urban life and personal escapism. The eclectic lineup promised a range of unique narratives, including a variety of comedies, thrillers, and dramas from around the world. Later screenings included Akira Kurosawa's ""Kagemusha,"" Japan's most expensive film, which presents grand battle scenes, complementing a shorter documentary about the influential woodcarver Hokusai. The festival thus showcased both emerging and established filmmaking talent, setting the stage for an engaging exploration of contemporary cinema.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860807_2_121_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860807.2.121.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523713600
7754,08,08,1986,"A.i.d.s. Move Support (Press, 8 August 1986)","The Rudolf Steiner School in Hastings has garnered a largely positive response to its decision to admit four-year-old Eve Van Grafhorst, an A.I.D.S. carrier, to its kindergarten. According to Mr Frank Long, the chairman of the school’s board, letters of support have been pouring in from various locations, including Christchurch, along with a donation. While some parents have previously threatened to withdraw their children from the school in light of the decision, Mr Long stated that the school would only be aware of their final decisions by the third term. He expressed satisfaction with the current reaction, indicating that things are proceeding well for the school thus far. The admission has attracted international media attention, with numerous inquiries from news outlets in Australia and the United States, indicating the broader significance of the story.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860808_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860808.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,523800000
6097,11,08,1986,"I Have Been Killeddrag Queen (Press, 11 August 1986)","Vikki de Lambray, a drag queen whose real name was David Gibbon, was found dead in his London flat on 11 August 1986. His death came shortly after he made a distressing phone call to the Press Association, where he claimed that he had been given a lethal dose of heroin to silence him regarding his exposé on drug use by a member of the aristocracy. During the call, de Lambray expressed despair, stating, ""I have just been killed,"" and mentioned feeling desperate, indicating that there was nothing anyone could do to help him. The 36-year-old, known for his controversial lifestyle as a male prostitute and convicted conman, had been working with “Sunday People” journalist Tony Lovell to uncover illicit drug activities related to a wealthy aristocrat. Lovell recounted that de Lambray disclosed the aristocrat's involvement in a setup that intertwined drug use with homosexual activities. Upon discovery of de Lambray's body by a concerned neighbour, there were reportedly no obvious injuries or needle marks that would suggest an injection had taken place. This led police to consider the death as potentially related to drug use, though the circumstances surrounding it remained unclear. The case posed numerous questions about the preceding events and the implications of de Lambray's allegations regarding aristocratic drug use.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860811_2_82_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860811.2.82.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524059200
7067,11,08,1986,"Kate And Allie Strike It Rich (Press, 11 August 1986)","In a recent edition of David Hartnell's column, news from Hollywood highlights the successful pay negotiations of actresses Susan Saint James and Jane Curtin, the stars of the hit sitcom “Kate and Allie.” Both actresses have reportedly secured contracts worth $550,000 each for the show’s 22 episodes, earning them a place among the highest earners in the industry with a weekly salary of $25,000. Their new contracts, extending to September 1988, include a lucrative profit-sharing arrangement. Hartnell expresses his admiration for both actresses, noting their kindness and the show's enjoyable content. In other updates, Joan Rivers is embroiled in a legal threat against a 22-year-old drag queen in Las Vegas who is mimicking her act and using jokes from her current performances. While Rivers is alright with outdated jokes, she objects to the use of her new material. The drag queen, Frank, has an impressive act with a $250,000 wardrobe, and Rivers has even collaborated with his dress designer in the past. John Forsythe, known for his role in “Dynasty,” shares a humorous glimpse into his personal life, revealing that his wife Julie gives him only $20 a week for spending money, a decision based on the current safety concerns in Hollywood. Meanwhile, Meredith Baxter-Birney is set to portray a character suffering from bulimia in an upcoming movie, a storyline that resonates personally with her due to a friend's struggle with the condition. Legendary actress Kim Novak, who has kept a low profile for two decades, is making a comeback at age 53, landing a lead role in “Falcon Crest” as a woman with a dual personality reminiscent of her performance in the classic film “Vertigo.” In a curious integration of Hollywood into the civic process, Raymond Burr's character Perry Mason is featured in a new educational film, ""Welcome to Jury Duty,"" aimed at potential jurors in King County, Washington, showcasing the realities of courtroom procedures. Hartnell also mentions a newly released biography on Joan Collins, authored by Robert Levine, which provides an in-depth look at her rise to fame through “Dynasty.” The book is described as truthful and offers insights for both fans and critics of Collins. Lastly, New Zealand-born costume designer Warden Neil has returned to Auckland and is preparing for a fashion show titled ""Hollywood Nights"" displaying his Hollywood costume designs, having previously dressed stars like Angie Dickinson and Elizabeth Taylor. Additionally, ""Dallas"" actor Ken Kercheval is stirring excitement as he expresses a desire for his character to reignite a romance with Sue Ellen, hinting at some intriguing plot developments for the upcoming series.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860811_2_110_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860811.2.110.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524059200
6096,11,08,1986,"Mr Lange ‘not Worried’ By Poll (Press, 11 August 1986)","On 11 August 1986, New Zealand Prime Minister David Lange commented on recent opinion poll results indicating a significant narrowing in the support between the Labour and National parties. Speaking at a news conference in Suva, Lange expressed confidence despite Labour's support declining to 48 per cent, a drop of four points since March, while National's support had risen to 47 per cent, gaining seven points over the same timeframe. The poll, conducted by the New Zealand Herald and the National Research Bureau, showed that the Democratic Party held 3 per cent of the voter support, and the New Zealand Party accounted for 1 per cent. Lange dismissed concerns regarding Labour's declining popularity, stating, “When you are one ahead, mate, you’ve won.” He drew a parallel to the recent rugby test match between Australia and New Zealand to highlight that a one-point lead signifies victory. Referring to the perception of a surprising loss of support, Lange suggested that the poll results were predictable and attributed the changes to various factors, including discussions surrounding homosexual law reform and even the weather. Additionally, Lange anticipated that a forthcoming leadership poll would reflect poorly on him, humourously stating that he believed he would not rank highly in the results. On the other hand, the new president of the National Party, Neville Young, remarked on the upward trend in National's support, asserting that the public was beginning to favour the Leader of the Opposition, Jim Bolger. Bolger himself echoed these sentiments, describing the poll results as positive for the National Party and indicating he had sensed a shift in public sentiment against the government. Overall, the political landscape appeared to be shifting, with signs of increased competitiveness between the Labour and National parties as they headed towards the forthcoming elections.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860811_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860811.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524059200
6958,12,08,1986,"A.I.D.S. Carrier In Medical Isolation (Press, 12 August 1986)","A transvestite named Tai Tania Toni Te Pania, aged 30 and a beneficiary from Mangere East, is currently in medical isolation at Mount Eden Prison while awaiting trial on charges of assault with intent to injure and threatening to kill. Te Pania's upcoming court appearance is scheduled for this week in the Auckland District Court. Te Pania gained notoriety after being involved in an A.I.D.S. scare at the Auckland Central Police Station several weeks prior. During his time in a police holding cell, he slashed his wrists, which raised concerns about exposure to the disease among police personnel. Te Pania's arrest occurred last month following a confrontation with the owner of a café on Karangahape Road. According to the prison superintendent, Mr Humphrey Stroud, Te Pania has been in isolation for the past ten days in the prison hospital since being remanded in custody. The medical staff at the facility are implementing strict precautions for health safety. This includes washing Te Pania's clothes separately and providing his meals on paper plates designed to be incinerated after use. For his future court appearance, authorities plan to keep Te Pania in a separate cell to ensure the safety and health of other defendants.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860812_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860812.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524145600
6098,14,08,1986,"Inside (Press, 14 August 1986)","On 14 August 1986, Canterbury post-primary teachers were scheduled to vote on a motion aimed at eliminating discrimination against homosexual and lesbian members within the teaching profession. This was part of an ongoing movement to foster inclusivity and equality in educational settings. In international relations, Britain expressed regret over New Zealand's staunch anti-nuclear stance, reaffirming its support for the United States in this regard. This highlights the ongoing tensions and differing policies between New Zealand and its key allies. Additionally, a Tamil individual residing in Canada expressed scepticism regarding the reported rescue of 152 fellow Tamils from the sea, questioning whether they truly came from India as claimed. In health and nutrition, Janice Bremer indicated that many products marketed as healthful may not live up to their claims, suggesting that some can even have negative nutritional impacts. On a more serious note, journalist David Beresford provided insights from South Africa, discussing concerns for the future of black South Africans amid reports of a shift in Pretoria's stance, which could have significant implications on the country's sociopolitical landscape. On a different note, Peter Greenslade tested the front-wheel-drive Audi 90, questioning the necessity of higher-end models like the Audi Quattro, which reflects a conversation around consumer choices in the automotive market. In local sports, El Victory continued its winning streak, claiming the Kurow Cup during the Kurow Trotting Club's meeting in Oamaru, showcasing ongoing interest and competition in New Zealand's trotting events. The publication also featured a variety of sections including business, courts, entertainment, and advertisements, providing a comprehensive glimpse into the topics of interest for readers at that time. Overall, the news of the day reflects a blend of social, health, political, and sporting themes that resonate with the wider societal context of mid-1986.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860814_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860814.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524318400
6099,14,08,1986,"Teachers To Vote On Homosexual Discrimination... (Press, 14 August 1986)","On 14 August 1986, the Post-Primary Teachers' Association (P.P.T.A.) in New Zealand presented a significant discussion paper titled ""Issues of Equality,"" which aims to prohibit discrimination against homosexual and lesbian teachers. This move is set to be voted on by Canterbury post-primary teachers the following day. The paper follows a remit from the association's previous national conference that advocated for safeguarding the rights of homosexual and lesbian educators. The proposal has already received backing from teachers in Auckland. The recommendations within the paper stipulate that there should be no discrimination based on sex, race, religion, political beliefs, marital or parental status, sexuality, or age in the work environment. Furthermore, it argues for equal entitlements for compassionate leave, removal expenses, and rental housing for all teachers, equivalent to those benefits provided to married educators. The paper also encourages members of P.P.T.A. to counter derogatory language used against homosexuals and lesbians, advocating for a positive representation of homosexuality in educational materials. However, the recommendations have sparked criticism. Wendy Anderson, president of a group called Women for Life, expressed concerns that the changes might lead to the promotion of homosexuality in schools under the guise of education. She accused the P.P.T.A. of attempting to introduce such ideas covertly. In response, P.P.T.A. president Peter Allen reassured that educators will adhere to their ethical guidelines that prevent them from imposing personal social views on students. He emphasised that teachers of human relationships are well-trained and do not promote personal values. Allen clarified that the revisions are designed to ensure no group is depicted negatively because of their sexuality, illustrating this with an example that disparaging terms should be avoided. He acknowledged that some recommendations related to conditions of service involve complexities, particularly in terms of equal treatment when it comes to relocation expenses. For instance, Allen pointed out the disparity where a woman teacher moving for promotion receives support for her family, while a male homosexual teacher might not receive the same assistance for his partner. The P.P.T.A. plans to conduct regional votes on the discussion paper before possibly presenting the results to the national conference scheduled for the end of August 1986 in Wellington.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860814_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860814.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524318400
6959,16,08,1986,"Pensioner Scares Off Giant Attacker (Press, 16 August 1986)","In Auckland, a 63-year-old pensioner, who relies on oxygen for most of the day, bravely defended herself against a two-metre tall transvestite who attempted to rob her. The incident occurred at night, and the frail woman, measuring only 1.4 metres, was initially terrified when the assailant demanded money. However, her fear quickly transformed into anger as she watched the attacker empty her jewellery box. The woman recounted that she became quite rude during the confrontation. At one point, the transvestite noticed her oxygen tank and, presumably fearing the implications of a potential breathing emergency, decided to flee the scene. The woman, who chose to remain anonymous due to concerns about reprisals, expressed that elderly residents in the Glen Innes area have been living in fear due to ongoing harassment by a group of young individuals. She noted that some of her fellow elderly neighbours had already left their homes to stay with family because of the persistent threats. Despite being low on funds—she mentioned having only about $7 in her purse at the time of the robbery—the transvestite continued to target them. During the encounter, the assailant gripped the woman's wrist tightly, causing small wounds from sharp fingernails. In total, the attack lasted around five minutes, and once the transvestite departed, the woman was left shaken but relieved to have avoided further injury. The theft did not amount to a significant loss, as she reported having no more money in her home. Local authorities in Glen Innes have responded to the situation, with police confirming that two individuals have been arrested in connection with the spate of attacks and that a third suspect remains at large. The news highlights a growing concern for the safety of pensioners in the area, as they face an increasing threat from young offenders targeting the vulnerable elderly population.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860816_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860816.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524491200
6100,16,08,1986,"Teachers’ ‘gay’ Support (Press, 16 August 1986)","On 15 August 1986, Canterbury post-primary teachers voted to endorse a paper aimed at prohibiting discrimination against homosexual and lesbian teachers. This decision followed a similar vote by Auckland teachers earlier in the week, both supporting recommendations proposed by the national executive of the Post-Primary Teachers’ Association. During their regional conference, 60 delegates from Canterbury largely accepted the recommendations outlined in the paper titled ""Issues of Equality."" The key proposals included various measures to enhance support for homosexual students and teachers. One significant recommendation was to ensure that school guidance counsellors receive training focused on the needs of homosexual students. Furthermore, the delegates supported extending removal expenses and housing entitlements that are typically granted to married couples to also include homosexual couples. Additionally, there was a move to broaden the definition of compassionate leave to encompass all couples regardless of sexual orientation. However, the Canterbury delegates did amend one aspect of the recommendations which stated that resource material about homosexuality used in schools should be presented positively. Instead, they voted for this material to be presented in a neutral manner, both in content and in presentation. The delegates also expressed support for establishing a working party alongside the Education Department to explore the implementation of peace studies in schools. They urged the Government to sponsor a national conference for stakeholders involved in integrating peace studies into education. The outcomes of this meeting and the recommendations put forth will be further discussed at the national conference of the Post-Primary Teachers’ Association, which is scheduled to take place in Wellington at the end of the month.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860816_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860816.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524491200
6101,18,08,1986,"Call To Drop Charges (Press, 18 August 1986)","On 18 August 1986, the Gay Task Force in Auckland urged the police to withdraw pending sodomy charges in light of the new legislation that took effect on 15 August 1986. This change resulted from the passing of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in Parliament. Mr Peter Wall, spokesman for the task force, stated that if the charges were not dismissed, they should instead be reclassified as sexual violation. Before the law's implementation, individuals had been charged with sodomy, but with the new law, which legalised sexual activity between consenting adults over the age of 16, sodomy was considered a crime only in name. The amendment in terminology from ""sodomy"" to sexual violation highlighted the shift in legal perspective surrounding consensual adult relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860818_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860818.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524664000
7044,18,08,1986,"When The Boss Is A Woman... (Press, 18 August 1986)","Susan Kurosawa, in her article dated 18 August 1986, discusses the unique challenges women face at the top of New Zealand's corporate hierarchy and provides survival tips for men working under female bosses. She asserts that a woman seeking to ascend the corporate ladder needs more than just skills and hard work. Rather, she must embody a certain toughness and not conform to traditional feminine stereotypes. The article highlights that women are often scrutinised under double standards: if they adopt a feminine appearance, they are not taken seriously, while a more androgynous look may lead to them being seen as unfeminine or unapproachable. Kurosawa underscores the satisfaction women feel when they succeed in predominantly male environments, as they offer a sense of achievement and equality that can be immensely rewarding. She paints a vivid picture of the dynamics that ensue when a woman takes on authority in a workplace that has historically been male-dominated. The male colleagues, she notes, may find themselves in a state of discomfort as they adjust to the new power dynamics, which can be significantly different from what they expected. To help men navigate this transition, Kurosawa offers several practical guidelines. Firstly, she advises men to be attentive without coming off as flirtatious, maintaining a careful balance in how they engage with their female boss. She suggests small gestures like giving flowers, while avoiding anything overly extravagant. Moreover, she emphasises the importance of being uncomplaining. Women in high-powered roles often juggle professional pressures alongside family responsibilities, so expressing grievances, especially about trivial frustrations, may not be well-received. Hard work is another critical point; Kurosawa reminds men that their female boss will work extra hard to prove her worth. Hence, showing any signs of laziness will be noticeable and frowned upon. Support is equally essential, with the article cautioning against resentment or casual sexism, as this could lead to a poisonous work environment. Being subtle in one’s actions is also vital—men should avoid anything overly aggressive or patronising to maintain professionalism. Lastly, patience is paramount; both parties might find the role reversal challenging, and understanding is key to fostering a productive working relationship. Overall, Kurosawa's commentary reflects the complexities of gender dynamics in the corporate world during the 1980s, offering insight into the expectations placed on women in leadership and how men can adapt to these changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860818_2_115_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860818.2.115.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524664000
6102,19,08,1986,"P.p.t.a. Paper (Press, 19 August 1986)","In August 1986, a debate emerged regarding the portrayal of homosexuality in educational settings, prompted by a paper from the Post Primary Teachers' Association (P.P.T.A.) advocating for the acceptance of homosexual and lesbian teachers. A letter to the editor by J. Nihoniho expressed concern that teachers would face a conflict of interest if they were required to present homosexuality in a positive light while also respecting the cultural and moral beliefs of students. Nihoniho highlighted that the Education Amendment Act limits parents' rights to withdraw their children from certain lessons, arguing that this could lead to a distortion of values in education. Additionally, concerns were raised about the potential impact of such teachings on students. K. Orr's letter pointed out that the Canterbury post-primary teachers' decision to support anti-discrimination policies is based on the belief that homosexuality is a valid lifestyle choice, which Orr strongly opposed. He maintained that the traditional family unit remains the fundamental building block of society and argued against the use of taxpayer funds for financial support of homosexual relationships, equating such resources as morally unjustifiable. Orr further questioned the feasibility of presenting educational material on homosexuality in a neutral manner, asserting that the nature of homosexuality is inherently negative and opposes traditional values. Both letters reflect a significant apprehension among some parents regarding the influence of educational policies on their children's perceptions of relationships and societal norms, particularly in the context of growing acceptance of homosexual identities at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860819_2_99_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860819.2.99.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524750400
7695,20,08,1986,"Increasing Violence ‘a Communist Plot’ (Press, 20 August 1986)","On 20 August 1986, Mr Neville Rush, the director of the Integrity Centre, presented a controversial perspective to the Ministerial Committee of Inquiry into Violence, asserting that the increasing violence in society was part of a Communist conspiracy. In his submission, he claimed that much of the current criminal violence was deliberate and aimed at destabilising Western democracies with strong family values and religious beliefs. To support his argument, Mr Rush quoted passages from the Communist Manifesto, highlighting that Communists aimed to replace home education with social education as a means to further their revolutionary goals. Rush identified a coalition of feminists, secular humanists, Communists, and socialists as being behind this intentional scheme, which he alleged was designed to bring about a one-world government. He referenced a historical programme of legislation from a humanist organisation promoting easier access to abortion and divorce, alongside calls for no censorship and the legalisation of homosexuality. In his written submission, he expressed scepticism about the effectiveness of the inquiry, suggesting that previous public opposition to such legislation—specifically, a petition with 835,000 signatories against the legalisation of sodomy—had been ignored. Responding to questions from the committee, Mr Rush characterised the New Zealand government as deeply socialist, equating its objectives with those of Communist regimes in China and Russia. He proposed that the resolution to the issue of violence lay in reinstating traditional Christian values. To encourage this, he had created pamphlets targeting young people that promoted virtues such as honesty, loyalty, and chastity. Overall, Rush's submission reflected a belief that the solutions to societal violence could be found in a return to conservative, Christian principles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860820_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860820.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524836800
6104,21,08,1986,"P.p.t.a. Paper (Press, 21 August 1986)","In a discussion regarding the teaching of homosexuality in New Zealand schools, there have been diverging opinions expressed in letters to the editor dated August 19, 1986. Ross Dowling responds to J. Nihoniho and expresses concern over the perception that all secondary teachers will suddenly promote homosexual and lesbian orientations among students. He reassures that this assumption is unfounded and indicates that the ""Issues of Equality"" paper is receiving disproportionate attention compared to other significant topics set to be addressed at the upcoming P.P.T.A. annual conference. Dowling argues that the majority of the conference papers will have broader implications for pupils and emphasizes the need to counteract narrow-mindedness in education. In contrast, Keith C. Van Kessel argues against concerning classrooms as venues for promoting positive views on homosexuality. He cites two recent parliamentary battles: one that aimed to decriminalise homosexual behaviour, which passed narrowly, and another that would have allowed discrimination against homosexuals, which was rejected. He cautions teachers against using the decriminalisation as a justification for advocacy in schools, suggesting that such actions may validate the concerns of opponents of the bill. Van Kessel raises concerns about the association between homosexuality and the transmission of AIDS, stating that teaching a lifestyle perceived as dangerous should not be endorsed. Both correspondence reflects the heated debate surrounding the issue of homosexuality in education during this period in New Zealand, highlighting contrasting views on the role of teachers in discussing sexual orientation with students.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860821_2_104_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860821.2.104.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524923200
6103,21,08,1986,"Teacher Resigns As Protest (Press, 21 August 1986)","In August 1986, a senior teacher from Orewa College, Mrs Matija McGowah, announced her resignation from the Post-Primary Teachers Association (P.P.T.A.) due to her opposition to a proposed Bill of Rights for homosexual teachers. Having been a member of the association for 39 years, she expressed her disillusionment with the direction the union was taking, particularly regarding the proposed legislation that aimed to protect the rights of homosexual educators. Mrs McGowah raised concerns about the speed at which the proposal was being advanced, indicating it was being ""rushed through too quickly"" without sufficient discussion or consideration. She specifically disagreed with a recommendation in the document advocating for the positive teaching of homosexuality in classrooms. Her apprehension stemmed from worries about the potential influence this could have on students, especially concerning the new health programme that was being implemented. In her resignation, Mrs McGowah aimed to create a platform where she could openly voice her objections to the proposed paper. Her stance reflects broader apprehension among some educators about changes in teaching content related to sexual orientation. The secretary of the Westlake Boys' High School branch of the P.P.T.A., Brian Norton, also reported that 29 staff members at his school were contemplating resigning, illustrating the growing dissent among teachers regarding the proposed changes to the association's policies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860821_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860821.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,524923200
6105,22,08,1986,"Priest Says He Will Fight Vatican Ban (Press, 22 August 1986)","In a significant case of conflict between an American priest and the Vatican, Rev. Charles Curran has announced his intention to contest an order from the Vatican that bars him from teaching theology at the Catholic University of America. This decision comes as the Vatican claims that Curran's views on various sexual issues contradict the traditional teachings of the Catholic Church. During a news conference held on 21 August 1986, Curran expressed his determination to fight for his right to educate on theological matters, asserting that he has consistently grounded his moral theology in widely accepted Catholic principles. The Vatican's formal announcement, made just a day prior, deemed Father Curran unsuitable for teaching Catholic theology due to his positions on contentious issues such as abortion, euthanasia, birth control, premarital intercourse, and homosexual acts, which he argues may be permissible under certain circumstances. While acknowledging that he occasionally dissents from the Church's official teachings, Curran emphasized that such dissent exists within a broader context of assent to fundamental Catholic doctrine. The priest suggested that the Vatican's actions might be influenced by a desire to set a precedent, particularly given the existing tensions between the Vatican and the American Catholic Church. A notable expression of support for Curran has emerged, with over 750 theologians signing a statement affirming his right to academic freedom and the necessity of allowing dissent on complex moral issues that do not pertain to the Church's infallible teachings. Rev. Curran articulated that his disagreements relate to nuanced actions influenced by a variety of circumstances, and he underscored the importance of fostering an environment where differing viewpoints can be addressed within the Church. This ongoing dispute follows a seven-year struggle between Curran and the Vatican, which has garnered backing from key American Catholic leaders, including Archbishop of Washington, James Hickey. Hickey has stated that Catholic educators are expected to uphold the doctrines of the Church. As for the immediate implications of the Vatican's directive, Curran remains on leave from his teaching responsibilities at the Catholic University, where he has a contractual obligation to instruct in theology but is currently not exercising that role. Notably, the Vatican's order does not impede Curran's ability to perform priestly functions, such as celebrating Mass. Moving forward, Curran plans to seek both legal and academic counsel to formulate a response to the Vatican's decision.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860822_2_74_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860822.2.74.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525009600
6754,23,08,1986,"Lesbians Out To Get Guru, Court Told (Press, 23 August 1986)","On 23 August 1986, a Sydney court heard the case of Amrit Lal Narain, a 50-year-old New Zealander known as Andy, who was fighting extradition to New Zealand on charges of assault and illegal detention. The allegations against Narain stemmed from incidents occurring between 1983 and 1985 in Greytown, New Zealand. He had been arrested in Sydney in January. The prosecution, represented by Bob Sutherland, stated that Narain was accused of assaulting a two-year-old boy, the son of informant Rosanne Sich, and illegally detaining another informant, Nell Armitt, by keeping her imprisoned in a deep pit in his garage as a supposed treatment for her epilepsy. In response, Narain's defence attorney, Maurice Neil, claimed that the informants were motivated by their personal grievances against Narain and had formed an ""unhealthy lesbian relationship."" Testimonies presented in court suggested that Rosanne Sich had a fixation on Narain and had expressed intentions to retaliate against him after he had asked her and Armitt to leave his property. Barbara Curry, a former member of Narain’s ashram, testified about Mrs Sich’s abusive behaviour towards her son, claiming that Sich mistreated the child through excessive discipline and had also been sexually inappropriate with him. Her husband, Bruce Curry, corroborated these allegations, stating that he had witnessed Mrs Sich engaging in both abusive and sexual behaviour towards her son as well as lesbian activities with Armitt. John Sich, who shares a past with Rosanne and now resides in Sydney, also gave evidence about their relationship and their alleged physical altercations, including instances where they were seen beating each other with plumbing pipes at the ashram. He recalled Narain’s instruction to the couple to leave due to their conduct, which eventually led to Rosanne expressing her intent to take revenge on Narain. The prosecution argued that the defence was primarily focused on discrediting the New Zealand witnesses rather than addressing the charges against Narain. Mr Sutherland indicated that Narain's defence tactics were questionable, particularly in light of Mr Sich's accusations coming after the women appeared on television to present their own claims of mistreatment at the ashram. As the hearing proceeded, Magistrate Jack Hyde was set to continue examining the case the following Monday. The situation underscored the complex dynamics of the relationships and accusations among those involved, while raising significant questions about the nature of the evidence presented by both sides.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860823_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860823.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525096000
7696,27,08,1986,"Prisoner’s Murder Claim Rejected (Press, 27 August 1986)","On 27 August 1986, the Justice Department in New Zealand dismissed allegations made by a former prisoner from Christchurch, who claimed that a reported suicide in a New Zealand jail was actually a murder. This assertion was presented to the Ministerial Committee of Inquiry into Violence, although the former inmate's identity was not disclosed, as per the request of the committee's chairman, Sir Clinton Roper. The Justice Department labelled the claim as “unsubstantiated and scurrilous,” with the Secretary for Justice, Mr David Oughton, stating that there was no evidence to support that any prison suicide was an act of murder. Mr Oughton noted that all deaths occurring in prisons underwent investigations by the police, followed by Coroner's inquests that were public, thereby denying the suggestion of any cover-up by the authorities. The former prisoner also made various other allegations, including claims of prison staff engaging in inappropriate sexual conduct with inmates, yet he failed to present any documentary evidence to the committee. He accused prison staff of ignoring violence within the facilities and implied collusion in an attack on former detective Wayne Haussmann. He reported that drug availability was rampant in the prisons, alleging over 50 per cent of inmates were under the influence of cannabis on a typical Saturday night. In response to the serious nature of these allegations, Mr Oughton firmly stated that there was no evidence to back the claims regarding staff misconduct and labelled them as an ""outrageous"" insult to prison staff. He urged the former inmate to provide any evidence he had to the police for proper investigation. Addressing the issue of drug use among prisoners, Mr Oughton acknowledged that it was a significant problem not isolated to New Zealand prisons. He mentioned that the department was actively examining ways to tackle the drug issue, with discussions occurring at a recent conference held for prison superintendents, where potential strategies had been considered.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860827_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860827.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525441600
6107,28,08,1986,"P.p.t.a. Paper (Press, 28 August 1986)","In a letter to the editor published on 28 August 1986, Rosalie Rolls expressed her gratitude to Thelma Brass for highlighting a recommendation by the Post Primary Teachers' Association (P.P.T.A.) to teach homosexuality positively in school classrooms. This recommendation is intended to safeguard the rights and working conditions of lesbian and homosexual teachers. However, Rolls voiced her concern that the recommendation could further discredit both the P.P.T.A. and its members, particularly in light of the strong rejection by both Parliament and the public of part 2 of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. She indicated that the existence of this proposal raises significant concerns regarding the implementation of sex education programmes in New Zealand schools, which have already attracted controversy. Rolls concluded her letter by urging care and caution in addressing these sensitive issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860828_2_127_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860828.2.127.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525528000
6106,28,08,1986,"Woman Appointed To ‘gay’ Post (Press, 28 August 1986)","On 28 August 1986, it was announced that psychologist and author Ms Miriam Saphira was appointed as joint general secretary of the International Lesbian and Gay Association at its annual conference held in Copenhagen. Ms Saphira, noted for her research into incest and child molestation, highlighted that a key focus of the conference was addressing issues related to homophobia, which includes fear, hatred, and discrimination against homosexuals. The conference produced several recommendations aimed at combating discrimination and improving support for the homosexual community. These included urging governments to take more effective measures against the disease AIDS, enhancing the availability of information regarding homosexuality for youth who identify as homosexual, and addressing violence directed towards homosexuals. Additionally, the discussions touched on broader societal issues beyond the immediate concerns of the gay community, such as the call for the abolition of corporal punishment. During the conference, attendees also celebrated the passing of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in its amended form, an event that was met with cheers and congratulations, signifying a moment of progress for the rights of homosexual individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860828_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860828.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525528000
6108,29,08,1986,"Dept Doubtful On ‘gay’ Policy (Press, 29 August 1986)","On 29 August 1986, the director of personnel for the Education Department, Mr Terry O’Brien, stated that the department may face challenges in adopting certain aspects of the Post-Primary Teachers’ Association policy concerning homosexual and lesbian teachers. He noted that some regulations within the policy are applicable to the entire State service, implying that significant changes would need to be implemented across all state operations, not just within the education sector. Mr O’Brien explained that while some regulations may seem discriminatory, they were not intentionally designed to exclude homosexual and lesbian individuals. However, he highlighted that certain rules only pertained to married couples, thereby excluding unmarried individuals regardless of their sexual orientation. Additionally, Mr Arch Gilchrist, the Director of Schools, commented on the absence of resource material on homosexuality within the department. He acknowledged that the topic could naturally arise in discussions related to literature or history but emphasised that it would be up to individual schools to determine how they address the subject. Further details on the matter were available on page 2 of the publication.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860829_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860829.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525614400
6109,29,08,1986,"Teaching On Homosexuality ‘to Enhance... (Press, 29 August 1986)","On 29 August 1986, the Post-Primary Teachers’ Association (P.P.T.A.) held its annual conference in Wellington, where post-primary teachers voted in favour of promoting understanding and acceptance of homosexuality in educational settings. This decision, passed with a vote of 97 to 15, along with three abstentions, arose during discussions on a paper addressing the rights of lesbian and homosexual teachers. The recommendations included that derogatory language directed at homosexuals and lesbians should be actively challenged, and that guidance counsellors should receive training to understand the needs of lesbian and homosexual students. Additionally, counsellors are to be equipped with the necessary resources to assist these students and have the responsibility to educate their colleagues. The P.P.T.A. also called for the assurance that teachers would not face discrimination based on their sexuality, as well as a commitment from employers to ensure that schools remain free from harassment related to sexuality. The debate highlighted concerns regarding the implications of the terms ""understanding"" and ""acceptance."" Some members, including Mr. Bruce Logan from Auckland, expressed worry that promoting acceptance could be interpreted as endorsing homosexuality, which he found problematic. Conversely, P.P.T.A. senior vice-president Mr. Tony Steele clarified that while teachers would encourage respectful dialogue about homosexuality, they would not promote derogatory perspectives. He emphasized the importance of polite and respectful communication that fosters understanding and acceptance without causing confusion. Another P.P.T.A. executive member, Mr. Warwick Kingston-Smith, suggested that the debate was somewhat moot, as any resource materials would need approval from local boards of governors and the community, who may not support content enhancing acceptance of homosexuality. Ms. Shona Heran, also an executive member, argued that current teaching practices were biased towards heterosexual perspectives, noting that topics like the negative aspects of heterosexual relationships, including marriage difficulties and abuse, were often overlooked in the curriculum. The discussions and resulting recommendations marked a significant step in considering the rights and needs of homosexual and lesbian educators and students within New Zealand schools, fostering a shift towards a more inclusive educational environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860829_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860829.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525614400
6110,30,08,1986,"Conscience Vote Remit Rejected (Press, 30 August 1986)","At the Labour Party conference held on 29 August 1986 in Wellington, a decision was made to maintain the policy of allowing MPs to have a conscience vote on contentious issues. Chief Government Whip Dr Cullen argued against a motion to abandon this approach, emphasising that conscience votes provided an opportunity for politicians to demonstrate bravery rather than simply adhering to party lines. He noted that many Labour members, even those representing marginal seats, had shown significant courage by supporting the party's longstanding policy on homosexual law reform. During the conference, concerns were raised about the ramifications of the remit on the party's leadership, particularly regarding Prime Minister David Lange's stance on abortion. While the Labour Party supported abortion on demand, Lange himself held a personal opposition to it. This highlighted the tensions that could arise between individual MPs' beliefs and the collective party position. Overall, the conference reinforced the importance of conscience votes within the Labour Party, allowing members the freedom to vote according to their personal beliefs on sensitive issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860830_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860830.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525700800
6755,30,08,1986,"Costly Changes In Education Approved (Press, 30 August 1986)","At the Labour Party conference held in Wellington on 30 August 1986, a series of ambitious and costly education reforms were endorsed, despite opposition from the Minister of Education, Mr Marshall. He expressed concerns about the financial feasibility of these proposals, stating he had no clear idea about who would fund the initiatives. Mr Marshall remarked, ""Delegates want too much money spent on every aspect of education at the same time,” indicating that there was insufficient funding to address all these demands. The reforms focused primarily on enhancing pre-school and tertiary education, with delegates endorsing multiple specific initiatives aimed at improving these sectors. However, when it came to introducing a new milk or nutritious food programme in schools on a trial basis, the delegates were unable to reach a consensus and ultimately rejected both options. A significant resolution that did pass was the requirement for sex education and human development to become integral and compulsory parts of the curriculum for all primary and secondary schools. This mandate included providing information about contraception in conjunction with sex education starting from the third form, overriding parental consent requirements. Another remit concerning the portrayal of homosexuality in schools did not succeed. This proposal sought to promote visibility for gay and lesbian individuals alongside heterosexual representations and aimed to combat sex stereotyping in educational structures and lesson content. It faced strong opposition, particularly from delegates representing provincial and southern electorates. After the decisions were made, Mr Marshall made a light-hearted comment about collecting donations to fund the approved initiatives. However, he expressed a more serious sentiment by asserting that fulfilling the delegates' desires was not realistically attainable given the current financial constraints.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860830_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860830.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525700800
6960,30,08,1986,"Shocking Or Touching (Press, 30 August 1986)","""Jewel's Dari,"" a half-hour film directed by Peter Wells, is set to air as part of the ""About Face"" series of independent New Zealand drama. Premiering on 31 August 1986, the film tells a poignant story focusing on two outsiders: a transvestite named Mandy, portrayed by Richard Hanna, and a transexual named Jewel, played by Georgina Beyer. Wells chose to direct this film not to provoke viewers but because he found the narrative compelling and emotionally resonant, highlighting the support and connection between the two main characters as they navigate a challenging environment. Wells comments on the film's exploration of unconventional relationships, noting that the experiences of transvestites and transexuals have always been a part of urban life in New Zealand, though they have not been prominently represented in media. He believes that ""Jewel's Dari"" challenges traditional gender binaries and reflects on society's varied responses to such themes, suggesting that some viewers might find it difficult to accept, while others will relate to the story. Adapted from a short story by Anne Kennedy, which won the B.N.Z. Katherine Mansfield Short Story Award in 1983, the film focuses less on the characters' sexuality and instead emphasizes their humanity and resilience in a society that can be unwelcoming. Wells highlights the intimacy captured in the film, showcasing the daily realities and struggles faced by these two remarkable individuals. Audiences are encouraged to tune in and witness a narrative that delves deep into human connection and understanding, set against the backdrop of social challenges. The film is scheduled to air on Channel One at 10.15 p.m. on Sunday.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860830_2_102_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860830.2.102.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525700800
6961,02,09,1986,"Young Transvestite A ‘menace To Society’ (Press, 2 September 1986)","On 2 September 1986, a 16-year-old transvestite was sentenced to 2 and a half years in a youth prison by the Auckland District Court after being convicted of multiple robberies and other offences. The youth, whose name was suppressed due to his age, had admitted to robbing four women, two of whom were threatened with a knife. In a particularly alarming incident, he and an accomplice robbed a 58-year-old woman, stealing jewellery and cash worth approximately $1596. During this robbery, the individual used a concealed knife to intimidate the victim after deceiving her into letting them into her home under the pretext of needing to use the telephone. Judge Lawson described the youth as “a menace to society,” indicating a need for a strong response to his criminal behaviour. The youth's actions were said to have taken place in Glen Innes, East Auckland, throughout July and August 1986. Alongside the home invasions, he also pleaded guilty to unlawfully taking two cars, shoplifting, damaging public property, and soliciting for prostitution. The court recognised that the youth had instigated the robberies, which involved a 14-year-old boy and a 16-year-old girl as co-offenders, who had yet to be tried in the District Court. Despite the serious nature of his crimes, the youth reportedly came from a stable and supportive background, which Judge Lawson noted in his sentencing comments. The judge emphasised the need for a deterrent sentence to discourage both the youth and any peers who might contemplate similar criminal activities. This ruling underscored the court's prioritisation of public safety and the need for the youth to reflect on his choices while serving his sentence in a youth facility.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860902_2_147.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860902.2.147,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,525960000
6114,03,09,1986,"The Mispress Wednesday, September 3, 1986. P.m.’s... (Press, 3 September 1986)","On 3 September 1986, a news story reported on Prime Minister David Lange's decision to halt his annual ""state of the nation"" address to the Whakatane Rotary Club, which had hosted the event for the past three years. The Prime Minister's new stance is a response to a recent Labour Party conference decision that suggested he should address a ""more representative audience."" In line with this mandate, Lange announced he would no longer speak to groups he perceives as discriminatory against women. This new policy seems to stem from a difficult party conference where Lange's government faced some tough criticism. His decision has led to a broader statement regarding the types of organisations he is willing to engage with, as he revealed he has also turned down invitations from organisations that are ""uniformly homosexual."" While Lange's criteria for speaking engagements is his prerogative, critics argue that he might inadvertently exclude himself from numerous opportunities. By refusing to engage with organisations that have female-only segments, Lange risks alienating groups such as the Inner Wheel (which supports women's causes), the Women’s Division of Federated Farmers, the Federation of University Women, the Maori Women’s Welfare League, and the League of Mothers. The article suggests that Lange's approach may severely limit his audience, especially considering that some labour organisations, like the Pulp and Paper Workers’ Federation, promote policies that discriminate against women. On the other hand, the Rotary Club expressed confidence in their ability to secure alternative speakers, asserting that they could find individuals who are just as capable and perhaps more engaging than politicians. Furthermore, there are those who might welcome Lange's new direction, as it could result in listeners hearing less from politicians and consuming less political content. Lange's comments about Whakatane being a challenging venue for media coverage imply a desire for increased visibility for his speeches rather than diminished media attention. In summary, Lange's decision reflects a significant shift in his outreach strategy, motivated by party policy and criticism. However, it raises concerns about potential self-imposed limitations on his public speaking engagements, as well as the implications for representation in political discussions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860903_2_97.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860903.2.97,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,526046400
7388,04,09,1986,"Editor Quits Because Of A.ld.s. (Press, 4 September 1986)","William Cox, the managing editor of Hawaii’s largest newspaper, the Honolulu ""Star-Bulletin,"" has resigned and publicly revealed that he has been diagnosed with AIDS. In an editorial column, Cox announced that he would be going on disability due to his illness. He expressed a desire to shed light on AIDS, which he referred to as one of society's darkest corners, and advocated for openness regarding the disease to combat the stigma and fear that surrounds it. Cox highlighted that keeping AIDS a secret only perpetuates shame and guilt for those affected. He stated that his decision to disclose his condition, although an invasion of his own privacy, aimed to educate the public and provide comfort to others with the illness, reinforcing that individuals with AIDS should not be treated like pariahs. Cox did not disclose how he contracted AIDS, but he noted the disease's devastating impact on the immune system, making affected individuals vulnerable to various infections and cancers. As of August 18, 1986, the Federal Centre for Disease Control reported that 24,011 cases of AIDS had been diagnosed in the United States, resulting in 13,272 deaths. The disease is primarily spread through sexual contact, though it can also be transmitted through blood transfusions, shared contaminated needles, and from mother to child during birth. Cox's resignation and candid discussion of his illness highlights the urgent need for understanding and compassion around AIDS as the disease continues to affect many people in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860904_2_69_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860904.2.69.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,526132800
6115,06,09,1986,"Radclyffe Hall’s ‘well’, 60 Years On (Press, 6 September 1986)","Radclyffe Hall's novel ""The Well of Loneliness,"" published in 1986 by Century Hutchinson, continues to resonate nearly 60 years after its initial release and notorious trial, where it was deemed obscene by British courts. This trial saw prominent literary figures, including E. M. Forster and Virginia Woolf, advocating for the book. The narrative remains a poignant exploration of tolerance and understanding in the context of lesbian love. Hall, born Marguerite Radclyffe Hall, adopted the male persona John in her adult life. Initially educated at King’s College in London and Germany, she published poetry before shifting to fiction. The novel, centred around its main character, Stephen Gordon, delves into themes of identity and religion, reflecting Hall’s exploration of her own conversion to Catholicism inspired by her friend, Mrs Mabel Batten. Through Stephen, Hall reveals the struggle of those grappling with their sexual identity and the inherent challenges that accompany this journey. The book presents a complex view of homosexual love, suggesting that it can surpass conventional love in purity and spiritual depth. Stephen Gordon’s character comes from a privileged background but faces rejection and ostracism when her true nature becomes known. The narrative recounts her emotional turmoil as she navigates societal expectations, leading to her departure from England to Paris, where she seeks solitude amongst intellectual circles. Stephen's foray into writing, initially marked by some success, ultimately exposes her struggles with repression. Her service as an ambulance driver during the First World War, coupled with a romantic relationship, momentarily brings her clarity, yet she soon confronts the inner conflicts stemming from her dual existence. The relationship deteriorates amid societal constraints, leading to a depiction of despair and bitterness as Stephen grapples with her identity. Hall's writing vividly captures the emotional landscape and the decadence that can accompany such a struggle, with Stephen’s desperate pleas to God underscoring her yearning for recognition and acceptance. The author conveys a powerful message about the need for understanding and the right to exist authentically within society. The novel transcends mere commentary on lesbianism, presenting a rich tapestry of experiences that shape Stephen's life from childhood to adulthood, marked by her emotional sensitivity and physical prowess as a champion fencer. Hall’s own narrative parallels the book’s themes, reflecting the early twentieth-century European cultural climate. The tenth reprinting of this seminal work comes at a significant moment, coinciding with recent changes in homosexual law in New Zealand, making it a timely exploration of themes that remain relevant today.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860906_2_125_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860906.2.125.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,526305600
6756,06,09,1986,"Sexual Angles On Thrills (Press, 6 September 1986)","On 6 September 1986, a review discusses two newly released novels: ""The Loves of Harry D"" by Lawrence Sanders and ""She Came Too Late"" by Mary Wings. The review characterises both books as escapist reads but critiques them in fundamentally different ways. ""The Loves of Harry D"" is described as a part of Sanders’ Florida series, noted for its silly and prurient content, combined with excessive violence. The plot revolves around Harry Dancer, a businessman mourning his late wife, who finds himself the target of recruitment attempts by two secretive organisations. These attempts come with sexual enticements, giving Harry some enjoyment but ultimately reducing the narrative to what is likened to a ""dirty book."" The review highlights the convoluted plot rife with deception, leading to inevitable violence among the characters. Overall, the book is dismissed as ridiculous and lacking substance. Conversely, ""She Came Too Late"" is presented as a well-crafted, feminist, and lesbian crime story, noted for its hard-bitten realism. It also grapples with sexuality, albeit in a more radical sense compared to ""Harry D."" While the novel is acknowledged for its strong writing and reasonable plotting, it is critiqued for its relentless modernism, leaving the reader with an odd aftertaste. The review implies that although this narrative needed to be told, the reviewer feels that its existence is somewhat unfulfilling. Additionally, the price tag of $17.99 for a paperback edition is considered steep, even if it supports The Women’s Press. In summary, while both books engage with themes of sexuality, they are positioned on opposite ends of the literary spectrum, with the former being viewed as trivial and overly sensational, and the latter as socially relevant yet ultimately dissatisfying in its modern approach.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860906_2_125_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860906.2.125.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,526305600
6117,15,09,1986,"A.I.D.S. ‘best Thing For Human Race (Press, 15 September 1986)","In a controversial statement made during the International Congress of the Family in Paris on 15 September 1986, Dr Kevin Hume, an Australian doctor and president of the Festival of Light, suggested that AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) could be seen as a significant wake-up call for humanity, akin to the impact of the “Black Death.” Dr Hume posited that while the current AIDS crisis is tragic, resulting in thousands of deaths, it could ultimately highlight the perils of sexual promiscuity and compel society to consider chastity as a solution. Dr Hume has been involved in medical investigations regarding AIDS since its emergence in 1981. He argued that the disease should prompt a reevaluation of societal norms regarding sexual behaviour and that humanity, in general, is excessively sexualised and out of sync with natural reproductive needs. He claimed that this imbalance is leading to the elimination of the more promiscuous individuals, starting with homosexuals who, according to his view, are dying off first due to higher rates of sexual promiscuity. He extended this notion to include heterosexuals and asserted that drug addicts, also regarded as part of society’s moral decay, are similarly affected by the disease. During his time at the conference, Dr Hume expressed skepticism regarding the development of an effective vaccine for AIDS, suggesting that it could take many years and might not work effectively, similar to influenza vaccines. He warned the public against placing their hopes in a solution that may not arrive in time to help those currently suffering from the disease. In addition, Dr Hume indicated his intention to advocate for better end-of-life care for AIDS patients, highlighting the need for hospices where these individuals could die with dignity, as opposed to occupying hospital beds meant for patients with treatable conditions. He expressed a desire to collaborate with Mother Teresa of Calcutta—who was also participating in the congress—to persuade the Premier of New South Wales to support the establishment of such facilities. Moreover, Dr Hume raised concerns about some homosexual AIDS patients allegedly spreading the disease intentionally as a form of retaliation against societal ostracism. His comments reflect a broader commentary on the implications of societal behaviours and the moral lessons he believes might be gleaned from the AIDS epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860915_2_64_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860915.2.64.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527083200
7283,15,09,1986,"A.I.D.S. Room To Open Soon (Press, 15 September 1986)","The first A.I.D.S. clinic in Christchurch is anticipated to open in one to two months, according to Mr John Bradshaw, the city's first A.I.D.S. counsellor. Ongoing negotiations are taking place with the Canterbury Hospital Board regarding the location for the clinic. This facility would follow the establishment of New Zealand's first A.I.D.S. clinic in Auckland three months prior. Mr Bradshaw believes that the opening of the clinic would significantly raise awareness surrounding A.I.D.S. in Christchurch and improve access to diagnostic and counselling services. Mr Bradshaw was one of approximately 40 delegates who attended an A.I.D.S. counselling conference at the Peterborough Centre over the weekend, organised by the Christchurch A.I.D.S. Support Network. This network has been conducting training weekends for its roughly 50 members. The conference received support from the A.I.D.S. Foundation, with participation from members of its trust board and volunteer counsellors from various support networks across New Zealand. The primary focus of the conference was to evaluate the current activities of the organisation and identify its future needs. Discussions and workshops at the conference highlighted the importance of education and prevention regarding A.I.D.S. Having been appointed as a counsellor by the A.I.D.S. Foundation in July 1986, Mr Bradshaw began his work in August and currently receives referrals from the support network, church counselling groups, and medical practitioners.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860915_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860915.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527083200
6757,15,09,1986,"Suffrage Day, 1986 (Press, 15 September 1986)","On 15 September 1986, preparations were made to celebrate the upcoming Women's Suffrage Day on 19 September, marking the ninety-third anniversary of New Zealand women gaining the vote. In Christchurch, a potluck dinner was organised for the evening before, on 18 September, at Old Stone House in Cashmere, where local women active in the women's movement would discuss their struggles and aspirations. The main speaker for the event would be feminist writer and peace advocate Elsie Locke, joined by other notable speakers including Averil Toohey from Christchurch Teachers' College, Daphne Terpstra from the Women’s Refuge, industrial nurse Mavis Watson, church representative Jocelyn Armstrong, and several others involved in various women’s issues and advocacy. Betty Roberts, the event organiser, aimed to reflect on the progress made, current standing, and future hopes for the women’s movement. Attendees were asked to bring food for the shared meal and contribute a dollar towards costs. Additionally, there was another Suffrage Day celebration planned for the following evening hosted by the Council of Women, featuring guest speaker Sharon Crosbie at The Old Orchard. Tickets for this dinner event were priced at $19. Several courses addressing women's issues were also set to commence at the Workers’ Educational Association (WEA). A four-week course titled ""Women in the Workplace"" was starting on 16 September, followed by an eight-week historical perspective course titled ""New Zealand Women of the 1980s"" beginning on 17 September. Another relevant course, focusing on self-esteem and community resources, was to begin on 18 September, alongside other health-related courses. In addition to these events, the newly formed Christchurch group Play for Life, campaigning against war toys, planned to hold a public meeting on 18 September. This initiative followed a recent effort by a parent group in Wanganui, who sent a toy shotgun to the Minister of Social Welfare advocating for a ban on violent toys. Spokesman Peter Arnold emphasised concerns about the impact of violent play on children's behaviour. Two charity fashion shows were also scheduled for that week at the Chateau Regency, one on 18 September for the Multiple Sclerosis Society and the other on 21 September by the Altrusa Club to support the Cot Death Society. Other community discussions were announced, including a Family Life Education Council forum for parents on parenting adolescents beginning on 24 September, and a course designed to guide parents on starting school set to start on 22 September. Meetings addressing pre-menstrual tension and dementia were organised for 18 September, highlighting a wide range of issues affecting the local community. These events demonstrated the active engagement of women in Christchurch in discussing and advocating for various issues, reflecting a collective commitment to improving their lives and the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860915_2_70_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860915.2.70.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527083200
6116,15,09,1986,"Worried People Approach Clinic (Press, 15 September 1986)","New Zealand's first A.I.D.S. diagnostic and counselling clinic, the Bruce Burnett clinic in Auckland, has been operating for three months and has served approximately 400 individuals, according to the clinic's first counsellor, Mr Dick Johnstone. Speaking at an A.I.D.S. counselling conference in Christchurch, he noted that the majority of clients are classified as the ""worried well,"" including many heterosexual and bisexual men who experience guilt over having engaged in sexual activity outside of their relationships, such as with prostitutes or other men. Of those who sought counselling, about 80 opted for blood testing, with 12 to 15 testing positive for the A.I.D.S. antibody. It's important to clarify, Mr Johnstone explained, that a positive result does not necessarily mean that an individual has A.I.D.S., but rather that they may be a contagious carrier. The trends observed in the clinic indicate that there are no distinct ""at-risk"" groups; instead, the focus should be on ""at-risk"" sexual activities. Notably, the clinic recently recorded its first case of heterosexual transmission, where the antibody was passed to a woman from her male partner, who only had sexual relationships with other women. Most of the positive cases have involved bisexual men transmitting the virus to their female partners. The clientele is diverse, with individuals from various demographics, including an elderly grandmother, men in their sixties, and even an infant of a few months, which illustrates the misconception that only homosexual men are at risk of contracting A.I.D.S. Symptoms commonly associated with A.I.D.S. can be similar to those of depression or anxiety, leading some individuals to mistakenly believe they are infected. Mr Johnstone advocates for a shift in sexual practices upon receiving a positive A.I.D.S. antibody test, especially promoting the use of condoms to ensure safer sex practices. He emphasises that enhancing safe sexual practices can lead to a more fulfilling sexual relationship. The counselling process at the clinic prioritises pre-testing counselling to help individuals grasp the implications of a potential infection and how to cope with positive results. A significant part of the clinic's approach is encouraging couples to undergo counselling together, as discovering a partner's positive antibody status can be a traumatic experience that requires shared understanding and support. Mr Johnstone, who has a background in drug addiction counselling and has worked for a Presbyterian Support Service crisis centre, has been appointed to the Auckland clinic for three years. To manage the emotional demands of his role, he regularly seeks counselling from a supervisor and a clinical psychologist.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860915_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860915.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527083200
7755,16,09,1986,"A.i.d.s. Girl Starts Kindergarten (Press, 16 September 1986)","On 16 September 1986, it was reported that three families withdrew their children from the Rudolf Steiner Kindergarten in Hastings after a four-year-old A.I.D.S. carrier, Eve van Grafhorst, began attending the school. Eve is notable for being the first publicly identified A.I.D.S. carrier accepted at a kindergarten in New Zealand, attending five mornings each week. The withdrawal of the three families involved five or six children, according to David Simpson, a spokesman for the Steiner college. Despite this, twenty-five families chose to keep their children enrolled at the kindergarten. Simpson expressed satisfaction with the college's decision to accept Eve, emphasising their hope that it would herald a more typical life for her, especially since she had been previously barred from a child-care centre in Sydney. This acceptance followed an educational initiative by the college aimed at raising awareness and understanding of A.I.D.S. Simpson described the effort as ""very positive"" and suggested that it could serve as a model for other schools. He noted that unlike state schools, the Steiner college had the liberty to make such a decision and acted on that choice. Eve's mother, Gloria van Grafhorst, expressed her elation at her daughter's successful first day at the kindergarten, praising the school's handling of the situation related to A.I.D.S. and commending their supportive environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860916_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860916.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527169600
6118,16,09,1986,"Young Man ‘loved’ Killing (Press, 16 September 1986)","A New Zealand accountant, Michael Smith, aged 25, was fatally stabbed in Clapham Common, London, by a teenager named Michael Bowman, 18, during an alleged unprovoked attack in July 1985. At the Old Bailey, prosecutor Mr Alan Green detailed how Smith was assaulted by four youths who punched and kicked him. While Smith lay defenseless on the ground, Bowman stabbed him 21 times. After the incident, Bowman reportedly told friends that he enjoyed the act of violence and expressed a willingness to commit further assaults. Bowman denies the murder charge, while the other three youths involved have pleaded guilty to assault causing actual bodily harm and are awaiting sentencing. It was revealed that the group had been out drinking and were engaged in a “queerbashing” mission despite Smith not being homosexual. The court proceedings are ongoing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860916_2_91_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860916.2.91.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527169600
6758,17,09,1986,"S.a. Blackmail Allegation Under Investigation (Press, 17 September 1986)","In September 1986, South African police initiated an investigation into an alleged blackmail attempt involving a receptionist named Vanessa Twine, who had been employed at the Australian embassy in Pretoria since July. Twine, a 24-year-old South African-born woman, reported that she was approached by an individual claiming to represent the South African security police, who attempted to recruit her as a spy for the embassy. The Australian embassy responded to these allegations by lodging a formal protest with the South African Government, citing harassment against Twine. During a detailed interview with the Johannesburg ""Sunday Times,"" Twine revealed that the agent had threatened to blackmail her based on her sexual orientation as a lesbian. Following her refusal to cooperate with the spying attempt, she reported being evicted from the residential hotel where she was staying. This series of events prompted Twine to inform the Australian embassy, leading Ambassador Bob Birch to take the matter up with South Africa's Foreign Affairs department. Initially, South African police expressed reluctance to investigate the incident, stating that no formal charges had been filed. However, a spokeswoman later announced that an investigation was underway, and plainclothes officers had interviewed Twine regarding her allegations. The situation has further strained relations between Australia and South Africa, especially in light of Australia's support for economic sanctions against the apartheid regime in South Africa. The South African Foreign Minister, Roelof Botha, accused Australia of potentially profiting from these sanctions, which predominantly target coal exports. Additionally, many South Africans have sought refuge in Australia, leaving home due to political violence, a phenomenon referred to as the ""Chicken Run.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860917_2_150.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860917.2.150,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527256000
6119,17,09,1986,"Tribunal For Constable (Press, 17 September 1986)","A young policeman from Wellington, New Zealand, is facing a disciplinary tribunal regarding allegations of submitting a false internal report. The 20-year-old probationary constable, who has been employed with the police force for approximately 12 months, is openly homosexual. His case will be reviewed by a retired District Court judge, as reported by the ""Dominion."" The constable was suspended without pay three weeks prior to the tribunal for allegedly submitting a transfer application in which he stated he wanted to move to be with his fiancée, incorrectly referring to her in gendered terms as “her” and ""she."" This discrepancy raised concerns among his colleagues about the validity of his application and ultimately led to the false report charge. After revealing his sexual orientation to his colleagues, the constable chose to resign from the police force. However, he later withdrew his resignation and was subsequently placed on suspension without pay; his salary has since been restored. The case reflects ongoing tensions and discussions regarding sexual orientation within the workforce, particularly in professions with strict codes of conduct like the police. The tribunal's findings may have implications for both the constable's career and the police force's policies regarding personal disclosures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860917_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860917.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527256000
6120,19,09,1986,"Constable Filed False Report (Press, 19 September 1986)","On 19 September 1986, a young police constable from Wellington, aged 20, pled guilty to filing a false internal report during a disciplinary hearing. The probationary officer, who is openly homosexual, has been suspended pending the outcome of the tribunal. Wellington district commander Mr Peter Mairs announced that the hearing would be adjourned while awaiting police submissions regarding the appropriate penalty for the officer. The Police Act allows the police three days to submit their recommendations, after which the accused will have seven days to respond. Mr Mairs clarified that the charge against the officer was unrelated to his sexual orientation but involved a different issue. Reports suggest that the charge involves the policeman's personal relationship with another man in Wellington, which he pursued while stationed in a different region of New Zealand. The officer submitted a report requesting a transfer, claiming he wanted to be closer to his fiancée, referring to her using female pronouns. This report is the subject of the current disciplinary charge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860919_2_121_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860919.2.121.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527428800
7195,22,09,1986,"Doctor Cautious On Drug (Press, 22 September 1986)","Dr Ellis Pegler, an infectious diseases specialist at an Auckland Hospital, expressed caution regarding the claims made about the new drug AZT for treating A.I.D.S. patients in the United States. He stated that his knowledge of the drug's clinical results was limited to what had been presented on television over the weekend, and he highlighted the importance of reviewing trial data before making any decisions about its availability for patients in Auckland. Dr Pegler acknowledged the potential pressure he might face from patients seeking access to AZT but emphasised that there have been previous instances of drugs claiming significant benefits for A.I.D.S. treatment that ultimately proved ineffective. He mentioned that he would be attending an international chemotherapy conference in New Orleans in the near future, where he anticipated that trial data on AZT would be presented to a medical audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860922_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860922.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527688000
7332,22,09,1986,"Union View Of Kawerau (Press, 22 September 1986)","On 22 September 1986, the Christchurch public was invited to gain insight into the ongoing dispute involving the Tasman Pulp and Paper mill. Two representatives from the Kawerau union, Tim Horopapera and Kevin Waghorne, were set to attend a public meeting to share their perspectives on the matter. This event was organised with the support of the Committee for a Workers’ Front, a coalition comprised of socialist and Left-wing groups established in Christchurch earlier in the year. The meeting was scheduled to take place in the Stringleman Room of the Canterbury Public Library at 8 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860922_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860922.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527688000
6962,23,09,1986,"A.I.D.S.-scare Prisoner Isolated At Court (Press, 23 September 1986)","Tai Te Pania, a 30-year-old beneficiary from Mangere, was sentenced to 12 months in jail for threatening to kill and assaulting another transvestite at a cafe. Following his sentencing at the Auckland District Court, special precautions were implemented due to Te Pania's medical history, which included positive A.I.D.S. antibodies and hepatitis B. Immediately after the sentence was passed, Te Pania exhibited disruptive behaviour, verbally abusing Judge Blackwood. He was quickly escorted to court cells where he was isolated from other inmates for safety reasons. According to Sergeant Gary Whittle, the officer in charge of the court's prison escort squad, Te Pania was handcuffed to prevent any self-harm, particularly as he had a history of self-inflicted wounds that resulted in blood being splattered in past incidents. Sergeant Whittle recounted an earlier encounter where, during a previous court appearance, Te Pania had scratched scabs on his arms, causing another situation where police officers became splattered with blood while trying to control him. This prompted actions such as immunisation for twelve police officers against hepatitis B after a similar incident in July, when Te Pania had slashed his wrists while in holding cells at the Auckland Central Police Station. Earlier in the year, while confined in Mount Eden Prison, Te Pania had threatened guards with glass that was covered in his blood after injuring himself, causing an A.I.D.S. scare among the prison staff. In light of Te Pania's complex medical situation and past behaviour, prison officials, including Superintendent Mr Humphrey Stroud, indicated that the necessary precautions would be assessed and established during the duration of his sentence to ensure the safety of both staff and other inmates.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860923_2_167.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860923.2.167,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527774400
7443,23,09,1986,"N.Z. Women Face Risk Of A.I.D.S.—brochure (Press, 23 September 1986)","On 23 September 1986, the A.I.D.S. Foundation in New Zealand released a brochure aimed at educating women about the risks of acquiring and spreading the A.I.D.S. virus. According to the foundation, women in New Zealand could be at risk, mirroring trends in other regions such as the United States, where approximately 6 per cent of A.I.D.S. cases are women, and West Africa, where over half of the victims are female. Foundation spokeswoman Kate Leslie highlighted the importance of sharing information to prevent further spread of the disease. The brochure outlines how women might contract A.I.D.S., primarily through unprotected sexual encounters with infected individuals and the sharing of needles among intravenous drug users. It identifies several groups of men who are considered high-risk partners: intravenous drug users, haemophiliacs using imported blood products, men with numerous sexual partners, and bisexual men. In addition to outlining the infection risks, the brochure aims to dispel common myths about how A.I.D.S. is transmitted. It clarifies that the virus cannot be contracted through casual contact like hugging, kissing, or touching, nor from using objects handled by A.I.D.S. patients. The foundation stresses that infected children are not a threat to their peers, stating, “No child has been infected with the A.I.D.S. virus through casual contact with other children or through living with an infected child."" It reassures that A.I.D.S. is much less contagious compared to typical childhood infections. To further support women, the foundation has appointed a counsellor based in Auckland to assist those who may be concerned about potential exposure to the virus. Overall, the release seeks to empower women with knowledge and encourage safer behaviours to help combat the spread of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860923_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860923.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527774400
6121,24,09,1986,"‘Tablet’ Attacks Condom Advts (Press, 24 September 1986)","On 24 September 1986, the Catholic magazine ""Tablet"" published an editorial criticising the New Zealand Government-funded AIDS prevention advertising campaign. The editorial labelled the campaign as immoral, particularly targeting a specific advertisement that claimed condoms can prevent the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The ""Tablet"" argued that this assertion was seriously flawed from a moral standpoint. The publication condemned the campaign for endorsing practices such as anal and oral sex and for promoting sexual partnerships outside of marriage. It asserted that the advertisements failed to reflect Christian values, particularly the importance of chastity and the concept that saying ""no"" is the most effective method of contraception. The editorial suggested that the advertisements should have included straightforward advice reminiscent of messaging given to New Zealand troops during World War II, recommending abstinence as the solution to avoid contagion. Furthermore, the ""Tablet"" critiqued the campaign for implicitly endorsing a lifestyle that it deemed abnormal, claiming it normalised homosexual acts. It stated that the advertisement's messaging suggested that such lifestyles were acceptable, which the publication strongly opposed. The editorial also proposed that while the Health Department had a duty to manage the AIDS epidemic, advertising efforts should focus on the homosexual community by utilising their specific publications instead of mainstream daily newspapers. The magazine called for a reconsideration of the campaign, advocating that the management of efforts related to AIDS prevention should be entrusted to a more diverse group beyond the current AIDs Foundation. The ""Tablet"" concluded by expressing concern that the legalisation of homosexual practices would further contribute to the spread of AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860924_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860924.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527860800
6122,25,09,1986,"Old Bailey Jury Acquits Youth On Murder Charge (Press, 25 September 1986)","A London youth, Michael Bowman, aged 18, has been acquitted of murder and manslaughter charges in the stabbing death of New Zealander Michael Smith, aged 25, at the Old Bailey. The jury did, however, convict Bowman of causing actual bodily harm. The incident took place on 6 July 1986, when Smith was found with 21 stab wounds in Clapham Common, known as a popular area for homosexuals. Prosecutor Allan Green presented the case as part of a ""queerbashing"" expedition, asserting that Bowman and his friends, who had been drinking that evening, sought out Smith believing he was gay. Contrarily, it was stated in court that Smith was not a homosexual. Bowman admitted to being present during the violent attack but claimed a ""fifth man"" was responsible for Smith's death. He insisted he was not in possession of a knife and expressed disbelief that his friends had implicated him in the murder. During the trial, Green claimed that Bowman had celebrated the act with his friends, making boastful comments about killing someone he presumed to be gay, demonstrating a troubling lack of remorse. The atmosphere was tense as the jury delivered their verdict; friends and relatives of Bowman expressed relief when he was acquitted of the more serious charges, while others, including the prosecutor, depicted the events leading to Smith's death as a premeditated act of violence against a perceived homosexual. Bowman's actions on the night of the incident, combined with his prior comments, painted a disturbing picture of the events that led to Smith's murder.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860925_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860925.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,527947200
7196,26,09,1986,"A.I.D.S. Research Break Claimed (Press, 26 September 1986)","In a significant advancement for A.I.D.S. vaccination research, experiments conducted on monkeys have yielded promising results, suggesting that a vaccine could potentially eliminate the disease. Dr. Joyce Zarling, a biogeneticist from Seattle's Oncogen and Genetic Systems Corporation, expressed cautious optimism regarding these results. She stated that if the findings could be replicated in humans, a vaccine akin to the smallpox vaccine could be developed, similar to how smallpox was eradicated globally. In a recent publication in the scientific journal, “Nature,” co-authored by Dr. Zarling and Dr. William Morton from the Regional Primate Centre at the University of Washington, it was reported that macaque monkeys developed crucial immunities against envelope viruses, including the A.I.D.S. virus. This was achieved through the injection of a genetically altered smallpox vaccine that included proteins from the A.I.D.S. virus. Dr. Zarling highlighted that for the first time, they successfully induced immunity against a virus within the T-cells, which play a critical role in the immune response. These immune T-cells were observed to attack and eliminate cells that were infected by the A.I.D.S. virus, while a secondary, previously documented immunity involved the production of A.I.D.S. antibodies. The most noteworthy achievement was the establishment of cell-mediated immunity initiated by T-cells, composed of plasma and white blood cells. Following these results, researchers have begun using chimpanzees, the closest relatives to humans for experimental purposes, and preliminary findings indicate these animals are gaining protection from the A.I.D.S. virus as well. Dr. Zarling indicated that while the prospects are exciting, it remains uncertain when human trials might commence, as extensive research on chimpanzees is still in progress, along with the necessity to meet stringent requirements set by the United States Food and Drug Administration. In conjunction with this research, the U.S. Government has expedited the availability of a new drug, AZT, that has shown effectiveness in prolonging the lives of individuals with A.I.D.S. These advancements provide a glimmer of hope in the fight against a disease that has impacted countless lives globally.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860926_2_73_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860926.2.73.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528033600
6963,27,09,1986,"French Maid, Chicago Gangster, Drag Queen (Press, 27 September 1986)","The article, written by Gary Arthur, focuses on Barbara Mackenzie and her role in the costume hire department at the Court Theatre in Christchurch, New Zealand, which has been a profitable venture since its inception four years ago. Mackenzie serves as a talent scout and manager, meticulously searching for costumes suitable for various productions while also fulfilling the needs of costume hirers. She notes the challenge posed by the predominance of size 10 costumes, which often don't fit their larger customers. The Court Theatre’s wardrobe contains an extensive assortment of costumes that are reused or repurposed for different performances, with staff often altering existing pieces or using the fabric to create new outfits. The theatre's costume hire service was inspired by Auckland’s Mercury Theatre, which had found success in this area. Initially operating out of a less accessible space, the hiring service has since moved to a more suitable location in the basement of the Arts Centre. Mackenzie reveals that the department not only keeps a variety of historical costumes but also creates custom pieces to meet popular demands. An intriguing addition to their collection came from a transvestite who needed to sell her costume collection, providing the hire service with eye-catching outfits made from luxurious materials. The costumes are organised by era and style, catering to diverse themes sought after by hirers. Requests often include unique ideas such as cocktail-themed outfits or historical pairings, reflecting the creativity of those hiring the costumes. Christmas is identified as a peak season for hiring, particularly due to school parties where students spend significantly on costumes. Mackenzie also shares some humorous anecdotes about the hirers and their requests, illustrating the eccentric nature of some clients while emphasising the importance of discretion in her role. People from various backgrounds, including a local judge and a well-known singer, rent costumes for different occasions. While most customers are considerate, there are rare cases where items are not returned, prompting the need for higher deposits on expensive costumes. Overall, the article paints a picture of a vibrant costume hire service that not only supports theatrical productions but also brings joy to the community through creative dress-up opportunities. Mackenzie’s passion for costumes and her ability to manage the eclectic demands from hirers are highlighted as key elements of the department's success.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860927_2_105_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860927.2.105.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528120000
6759,27,09,1986,"Public Success, Private Struggle (Press, 27 September 1986)","Leone Stewart interviews Virginia Myers regarding her book ""Head and Shoulders,"" which features interviews with successful New Zealand women, including Labour Party backbencher Helen Clark. Myers highlights the sexist nature of some figures within the Labour Government, alongside the emotional struggles of women in a male-dominated political landscape. The book aims to reveal the personal challenges these women faced while achieving success in non-traditional roles. Myers's well-crafted interviews go beyond standard media portrayals, providing insight into the lives of nine accomplished women. The book covers the evolving environment for women journalists in New Zealand, noting that interest in addressing gender balance has increased significantly in the past decade. Women are forming networks for mutual support and practical assistance in their careers. Each interview subject had a unique journey—while some, like Helen Clark and runner Anne Audain, found their careers emerging naturally, others struggled with identity and faced emotional challenges. Virginia Myers devoted nine months to the project, which led her to leave her position at the National Business Review. She conducted multiple interviews with each subject, frequently accommodating their busy lives as mothers and professionals. The book illustrates the dynamic of juggling numerous responsibilities and provides a window into the personal hardships often hidden behind public success. Myers selected her subjects based on admiration and the desire to portray what it takes for women to thrive in competitive fields. Her research uncovered much about their public lives but less about their private experiences of pressure, exhaustion, and personal loss. Notably, Helen Clark's political role is clarified as she is not aligned with Jim Anderton, while Finance Minister Roger Douglas acknowledges the value of listening to strong women. Myers identified common themes in her subjects' backgrounds, such as socioeconomic challenges, suggesting that these struggles have motivated them. In contrast, younger women today might be drawn to more traditional male roles, losing some of the unique perspectives that earlier generations embodied. Myers acknowledges the role models these women have become, illustrating that their journeys required significant sacrifices. The interviews portray a range of successes, showcasing how breaking stereotypes can lead to fulfilling achievements. Myers expresses uncertainty about whether ""Head and Shoulders"" will incite broader change, but she hopes it sparks conversation and reflection. The initial 3000 copies printed have already sold out, leading to a planned reprint. Myers is also contemplating a future project on successful New Zealand men but questions whether they would be willing to speak as openly as the women featured in ""Head and Shoulders.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19860927_2_88_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19860927.2.88.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528120000
7197,01,10,1986,"A.I.D.S. Drug Scarce, Says Doctor (Press, 1 October 1986)","In a statement on 1 October 1986, a spokesman for New Zealand's Minister of Health, Dr Bassett, revealed that azidothymidine (AZT), the only drug showing promise in the treatment of A.I.D.S., was in short supply globally. Currently, the manufacturer was only providing the drug to a limited number of patients in the United States. Dr Bassett acknowledged the requests to conduct trials of AZT in New Zealand and mentioned discussions with his department officials on the matter. Dr Richard Meech, chairman of the A.I.D.S. advisory committee that advises Dr Bassett, expressed concern that New Zealand might be at a disadvantage compared to countries with a higher number of A.I.D.S. patients when it came to securing supplies of AZT. He highlighted that for the pharmaceutical company to begin offering AZT, it would need to ensure a commitment to ongoing supplies, citing ethical considerations. Dr Meech pointed out the limited manufacturing of drugs still undergoing early testing phases. He noted that AZT required further scientific evaluation and controlled clinical trials, and that New Zealand, given its lower prevalence of A.I.D.S., lacked a sufficient number of patients to contribute meaningfully to research efforts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861001_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861001.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528465600
6123,03,10,1986,"Catholic Bishops Decry Discrimination (Press, 3 October 1986)","On 3 October 1986, the six Catholic bishops of Wellington issued a statement addressing the treatment of homosexual individuals within the Catholic community. They urged Catholics to refrain from discrimination against homosexuals, highlighting that concern for human dignity necessitates opposition to unjust discrimination. The bishops affirmed that homosexual individuals possess the same fundamental human rights as anyone else, including the rights to respect, friendship, and justice. However, the bishops expressed their belief that homosexual activity is morally wrong. They emphasised that this viewpoint should be clearly communicated. Despite this stance, they stressed the importance of supporting homosexual individuals by ensuring they do not face rejection or prejudice. The bishops articulated their view that people, regardless of their behaviour, deserve to be loved, respected, and treated as equals. This balanced approach reflects the bishops' commitment to upholding Church teachings while simultaneously advocating for the respectful treatment of all individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861003_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861003.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528638400
7198,03,10,1986,"New A.I.D.S. Drugs (Press, 3 October 1986)","On 3 October 1986, two new anti-AIDS drugs named CSBS and ST were announced at a conference in New Orleans by Dr Raymond Schinazi. These drugs are claimed to prolong the lives of AIDS patients without the dangerous side effects commonly associated with other treatments. Their announcement follows the recent approval by the United States Government of a similar drug, AZT, which has been made available to a limited number of patients. Dr Schinazi highlighted that CSBS and ST have significantly low toxicity, making them viable options for a broader range of patients, including children and those who have developed antibodies to HIV but do not yet have full-blown AIDS. This distinguishes them from AZT, which is not suitable for pregnant women, children, and certain other patient categories due to its side effects. The new drugs are set to undergo human trials in the following year. Dr Schinazi's statement underscored that while CSBS and ST show promise, they should not be viewed as a cure for AIDS but rather as a beneficial treatment option for those in need. Meanwhile, the approval process for AZT will see it distributed to approximately 6,000 to 7,000 AIDS patients under the guidelines established by the Food and Drug Administration. Published information indicates that the availability of these drugs is a significant step forward in the fight against the AIDS epidemic, providing hope and treatment options to many affected individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861003_2_76_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861003.2.76.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528638400
7597,03,10,1986,"The Man And His Quilts (Press, 3 October 1986)","Malcolm Harrison, a leading quiltmaker and fabric artist in New Zealand, is featured on the television programme ""Kaleidoscope"" airing on One channel at 8 p.m. Harrison has built a notable career over seven years, creating intricately detailed quilts and unique quilted collages that have been showcased across various prestigious venues. His works can be admired in high-end locations such as Auckland’s luxurious hotel, in the residences of New York's affluent individuals, and within the lobby of New Zealand's tallest building. Harrison's passion for fabric began with a position in the garment industry, which ultimately inspired him to hold his first exhibition in 1979. Since that time, he has conducted 17 exhibitions throughout New Zealand's North Island. The episode of ""Kaleidoscope"" highlights his latest exhibition, which presents a comprehensive overview of his best pieces. This collection showcases a range of his work, from his initial quilt—a traditional patchwork bedcover infused with images from Henri Rousseau’s art—to more abstract quilted collages that incorporate natural elements like feathers and shells. Notably, Harrison's approach to quilting is unorthodox; he employs heavy industrial machinery for stitching, challenging traditional quilting methods. He advocates for innovation in the craft, raising the possibility that future quilting could be executed using laser technology. Furthermore, he is open to integrating synthetic fabrics with conventional materials like cotton and wool. In addition to Harrison, ""Kaleidoscope"" also features a segment on playwright Roger Hall, discussing his new play ""Love off the Shelf.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861003_2_92_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861003.2.92.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528638400
7199,03,10,1986,"Wider Approval Of A.I.D.S. Drugs In U.S. (Press, 3 October 1986)","On 3 October 1986, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the expanded use of experimental drugs for A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), including AZT, which has demonstrated the ability to prolong the lives of affected individuals. This decision followed an application from the Burroughs Wellcome Company, which highlighted promising results from recent experiments indicating that AZT could improve the health and survival of certain A.I.D.S. patients. Health officials reported that A.I.D.S. had claimed the lives of over 12,500 Americans, while nearly two million others had been exposed to the virus responsible for the disease. The urgency behind the FDA's rapid approval process was influenced by a request from the United States Public Health Service, aiming to expedite the availability of treatments. This fast-tracked decision is notable, as the FDA usually takes a considerably longer time, often months or years, to approve new drug treatments. Despite the approval, concerns were raised regarding the side effects of AZT, which can severely suppress bone marrow that produces essential cells. Even so, the encouraging outcomes observed in trials with a select group of A.I.D.S. patients prompted a significant push for access to the drug. Under the new FDA guidelines, it is anticipated that between 6,000 and 7,000 A.I.D.S. patients will soon begin receiving AZT, with plans to make the drug more widely available by the end of 1986. However, certain groups, including children and pregnant women, will not be eligible to receive the treatment at this stage.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861003_2_126_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861003.2.126.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528638400
6124,04,10,1986,"The Churches And Social Issues (Press, 4 October 1986)","In ""The Church on Trial,"" author George Bryant examines the perceived politicisation of churches, particularly focusing on agencies like the National Council of Churches. The narrative begins with an anecdote involving Cyril Garbett, Archbishop of York, who emphasised the importance of preaching on ""The Love of God"" when asked about his sermon topic, highlighting the tension between spiritual and social discourses within church leadership. Bryant, who has a solid background as an educator and Methodist lay preacher, alleges that the church's involvement in political issues undermines genuine Christian commitment. His case revolves significantly around newspaper accounts, leading to the critique that the alleged politicisation may be more of a ""media event"" than a reflection of reality. Although he contends that his aim is not to produce an academic treatise, he seeks to provide a balanced exploration of various contentious issues without overly influencing interpretations. The book delves into seven key topics, including the Springbok Tour, racism, Waitangi, Bastion Point, abortion, homosexuality, and nuclear disarmament. The chapter on homosexuality stands out, as it reflects Bryant's intention to present a fair discussion. However, the analysis soon reveals a bias as he leans towards one side of the debate with notable aggression. The failure to consistently differentiate between homosexuality and homosexual acts is viewed as a critical oversight that simplifies a complex issue. Bryant highlights the divide between religious conservatives and liberals, yet he overlooks the nuances within conservative perspectives—specifically, that some may favour decriminalisation of homosexuality while still considering homosexual acts morally wrong. His assertions lack substantiation, particularly in reference to the consequences faced by the Anglican Church in Christchurch during 1979, where he states that ""a number of members left the church"" without providing specifics. Critical voices within the church, such as Dean Rymer, who struggles to accept homosexuality as a legitimate alternative to heterosexuality, are mentioned, but without substantive explanations. This lack of depth leads to questions about the arguments presented and their validity. Instead of providing a careful examination of Biblical texts from both sides, Bryant's treatment appears overly partisan. Despite its shortcomings, particularly noted in terms of balance and historical context, ""The Church on Trial"" serves a valuable purpose. It offers a perspective on how churches have engaged with political issues, especially since the 1950s, reflecting changes in attitudes and actions, albeit through a lens shaped by Bryant's convictions. The book is not merely a critical analysis but a representation of sentiments held by many church members at the grassroots level. In conclusion, while some may find fault in Bryant's approach or conclusions, ""The Church on Trial"" is a significant discussion piece for historians and church leaders, necessitating thoughtful consideration rather than dismissal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861004_2_144_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861004.2.144.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528724800
6125,06,10,1986,"A Crushing Blow To Friendship (Press, 6 October 1986)","In a reflective piece, Helen Mason discusses the evolving perceptions and experiences of adolescence, particularly around issues of crushes, sexual orientation, and the loss of innocence. At the age of 14, she contrasts her school experiences with those of her peers, noting that instead of having a crush on more popular figures, she and her friend Charlotte admired a vice-captain named Naomi. Mason acknowledges that these infatuations were fleeting and ultimately lacked depth, hinting at a broader understanding of romantic feelings that extends beyond the superficialities of youth. Mason highlights contemporary concerns among adolescents who grapple with their sexual identity, as many question whether they might be lesbian or gay. She points out that queries from young people seeking advice from gay organisations as a result of these anxieties now make up a significant part of the work for counsellors. This reaction to normal developmental stages is troubling for her, as she reflects on her own upbringing and the literature she consumed, which seemed to overlook the complexities of same-sex relationships. She recalls how societal attitudes towards homosexuality have shifted over time, noting that older women still may hold outdated views despite having shared lives with other women. Mason laments the loss of innocence and genuine affection in the current culture, suggesting that the demand for counselling when adolescents experience same-sex attractions indicates a troubling trend towards spiritual atrophy. Mason shares personal anecdotes to underscore how societal norms have transformed, reflecting on a boy who feels he must create a façade of heterosexual interest to reassure his mother and on her own mother's naive understanding of homosexuality. Her setting illustrates a generational gap, where evolving discussions around sexual orientation now encompass more nuanced conversations. She expresses concern that the portrayal of intimacy in media and literature increasingly reduces the complexity of same-sex love to stereotypes or misconceptions. Mason urges for a more open acceptance of diverse sexual identities among the young, highlighting the importance of recognizing genuine love and affection rather than stigmatising it. Ultimately, her reflections encapsulate a poignant sense of nostalgia for a time when love was simpler, while confronting the current pressures faced by youth navigating their identities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861006_2_111_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861006.2.111.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528897600
6126,07,10,1986,"Former Royal Valet Dies Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 7 October 1986)","Stephen Barry, a former personal valet to Prince Charles, passed away at the age of 37 from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), as confirmed by a close friend on 7 October 1986. His friend, public relations expert Stephen Hayter, disclosed that Barry had been admitted to a London hospital on Friday suffering from pneumonia and subsequently died from a cerebral haemorrhage. Barry, who gained notoriety after selling his story to an American magazine in 1981, had broken Buckingham Palace's strict code of silence that binds its employees from revealing details about the Royal Family's private affairs. This breach of protocol not only sullied his relationship with the Royal Family but also ignited a significant uproar. Buckingham Palace declined to comment on his death, stating that Barry was no longer affiliated with the Royal household. Having started his career as a footman, Barry eventually became a trusted aide to Prince Charles. His revelations reportedly earned him around £250,000 (approximately NZD 720,000). Throughout his life, Barry was openly homosexual and had frequented homosexual establishments in London. He had acknowledged being a carrier of the AIDS virus, though he had not publicly declared that he had the disease. Hayter expressed sorrow over Barry's death, describing it as a tragic but expected outcome. Despite his past controversies, Barry's passing marks the end of a life that had seen both privilege and public scrutiny.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861007_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861007.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,528984000
6128,08,10,1986,"Easy Needle Access Urged (Press, 8 October 1986)","On 8 October 1986, it was reported that Australian drug users are now able to purchase needles and syringes from chemists across the country, following recommendations from the Australian A.I.D.S. Task Force. Professor David Penington, head of the task force, emphasised during his visit to Auckland that New Zealand health authorities should consider adopting a similar approach in response to the low incidence of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand. He cautioned against complacency, stating that although the number of A.I.D.S. cases is low, it would be unwise to wait until the situation worsens. Currently, New Zealand has reported 21 cases of full-blown A.I.D.S., including one case related to an intravenous drug user who is also homosexual. Additionally, two other drug users have been identified with positive A.I.D.S. antibodies, and experts suspect that there may be many more undiagnosed infections. Professor Penington highlighted that the spread of the disease among intravenous drug users is a major concern for Australia, as this group carries the highest risk for a sudden increase in infections. Such infections pose a threat not only to users but also to their sexual partners, including women and infants. Drawing attention to international examples, Professor Penington noted that countries with stringent restrictions on needle access, such as Spain, Italy, and Austria, have experienced significant increases in infections, with more than 50 per cent of intravenous drug users affected. He rejected the notion that providing easier access to syringes and needles would lead to an increase in drug use; rather, he stated that evidence shows where needles are scarce, drug users tend to share them. As a result of the task force's advocacy, South Australia, which has previously maintained legislation prohibiting access to needles, amended its laws, leading to a greater availability of syringes. In coordination with the task force, the Pharmaceutical Society of Australia recommended that pharmacies sell needles and syringes without hesitation. Despite the concerns expressed by individual chemists, the policy shift means that drug users can now effectively access these essential items throughout Australia. Although there have been discussions with New Zealand’s Health Department and police regarding the distribution of needles to drug users, both agencies have thus far refrained from endorsing such measures, citing a lack of evidence to support the effectiveness of needle distribution in reducing needle-sharing practices among drug users.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861008_2_174.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861008.2.174,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529070400
6127,08,10,1986,"Stopping The Spread Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 8 October 1986)","In a comprehensive overview published on 8 October 1986, the evolving understanding of dentistry, particularly in relation to A.I.D.S., is examined. Historically perceived as a form of specialised carpentry, the practice of dentistry is increasingly recognised as a biological science, especially in light of the life-threatening infections emerging in the 20th century. A.I.D.S., first identified in 1981, has led to over 8000 deaths in the United States, prompting urgent education on prevention due to the absence of a known vaccine. The article highlights that the primary groups at risk of contracting A.I.D.S. include sexually active bisexual and homosexual males and intravenous drug users, with a small percentage of cases arising from blood transfusions. The virus spreads mainly through blood and semen, but it has also been found in tears and saliva, which directly impacts dental practice that often involves these bodily fluids. To protect both patients and dental staff, dental associations in the West have developed stringent protocols. These guidelines include the mandatory use of gloves, masks, and protective eyewear during procedures. The practices established to minimise risks associated with A.I.D.S. largely stem from earlier protocols developed to combat hepatitis B. Fortunately, evidence suggests that the A.I.D.S. virus is vulnerable to heat, making sterilisation effective in killing the virus. Moreover, studies indicate that casual contact does not transmit the disease, as shown in analyses of families with A.I.D.S. patients, which revealed no transmission through routine interactions. Even needle-stick injuries from A.I.D.S. infected blood carry less risk than those from hepatitis B. Dental professionals are emphasised as having a critical role in safeguarding their own health while ensuring patient safety. This involves the thorough cleansing and sterilisation of instruments after use. With advancements in disposal practices, hypodermic needles are no longer a concern as they are safely disposed of after single use. Despite clinical advances, reactions to dental care for patients with A.I.D.S. have varied significantly. Some dental professionals have refused treatment, while segments of society have unjustly blamed A.I.D.S. patients for their condition, ignoring the fact that many cases arise through no fault of the individuals infected. The article argues for empathy and duty in treating all patients, highlighting that many asymptomatic individuals with A.I.D.S. can be identified through dental examinations, where signs may be evident in the mouth. Finally, it stresses the importance of patients providing full medical histories, including any infections or symptoms they may experience. Honesty is crucial, as it not only ensures the best treatment but also helps protect other patients in the dental practice. The article concludes with a call for compassion and professional responsibility in treating patients affected by A.I.D.S., reinforcing the role of dentists in public health and care.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861008_2_171.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861008.2.171,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529070400
7200,08,10,1986,"Wider Approval Of A.I.D.S. Drugs In U.S. (Press, 8 October 1986)","On 8 October 1986, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the expanded use of experimental A.I.D.S. drugs, notably AZT, which has been shown to prolong the lives of those afflicted with the condition. The approval followed an application from the Burroughs Wellcome Company, which is a subsidiary of a British firm. The FDA's announcement indicated that it would also prioritise the review of other A.I.D.S. drugs. A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) has claimed the lives of over 12,500 individuals in the United States, with health officials estimating that nearly two million people may have been exposed to the virus responsible for the disease. Burroughs Wellcome revealed that AZT demonstrated promising results in clinical trials conducted during the previous year, showing its potential to enhance the survival and well-being of certain A.I.D.S. patients. The FDA's rapid approval was notable, as the agency typically takes a significantly longer time—often months or years—to authorise new drug treatments. This expedited process was influenced by a request from the United States Public Health Service, urging the FDA to act quickly in light of the urgent need for effective treatments. While there are acknowledged risks associated with AZT, particularly concerning its side effects that can suppress essential cell-producing bone marrow, the encouraging outcomes observed in a limited patient group led to a rush for access to this treatment. According to company officials, approximately 6,000 to 7,000 A.I.D.S. patients can expect to begin receiving AZT soon, with plans to make the drug more widely accessible by the end of 1986. However, it was stated that certain groups, including children and pregnant women, would not be eligible for the drug under the current guidelines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861008_2_172.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861008.2.172,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529070400
6760,15,10,1986,"‘Gays’ Seek Own Town (Press, 15 October 1986)","A group of homosexuals plans to purchase the ghost town of Rhyolite, Nevada, and transform it into a city that caters to the gay and lesbian community. This proposal, put forward by Stonewall Park Incorporated based in Reno, has drawn criticism from political figures who are determined to oppose the initiative. Rhyolite, located 195 km north-west of Las Vegas, was once a thriving mining town but now exists as a collection of decaying buildings and ruins in the desert, near Death Valley. Fred Schoonmaker, the founder of Stonewall Park Company, announced that his group has already acquired several parcels of land in and around Rhyolite from two landowners, Tom Beam of Las Vegas and Jim Spencer of Reno. However, Beam clarified that negotiations are still ongoing and that no financial transactions have been completed yet. The ambitious plans to create a gay-friendly community in Rhyolite have raised eyebrows and sparked a debate among the local populace and politicians, highlighting the tensions surrounding lifestyle-based community developments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861015_2_35_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861015.2.35.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529675200
7463,16,10,1986,"Call To Make Syringes Available To Drug Users (Press, 16 October 1986)","On 16 October 1986, health reporter Joan Begg covered a significant call from drug treatment centres and the A.I.D.S. Foundation in New Zealand advocating for the government to make needles and syringes readily accessible to drug users. This initiative aims to curb the spread of A.I.D.S. through needle-sharing practices. Mr Warren Lindberg, the director of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, referenced similar successful measures implemented in Australia, where drug users can obtain needles from chemists following recommendations from an A.I.D.S. task force. Currently, in New Zealand, possessing needles or syringes for illegal purposes is criminalised under the Misuse of Drugs Act. During a recent meeting involving various alcohol and drug centres from locations such as Christchurch, Wellington, Auckland, and Palmerston North, there was a consensus that a needle-exchange scheme should be introduced. Dr John Dobson from the Canterbury Hospital Board’s alcohol and drug centre highlighted the correlation between the sharing of unsterilised needles and the transmission of A.I.D.S. He endorsed a needle exchange system, suggesting that it would mitigate the presence of dirty needles in the community, as drug users would be required to trade used needles for sterile ones. Concerns that easier access to needles would lead to an increase in drug use were dismissed by experts. Dr Dobson pointed to reports from the Netherlands, where the introduction of a needle exchange programme did not correlate with increased drug use, but rather, it was access to drugs that influenced usage rates. Mr Neil Thornton, co-ordinator at Wellington Hospital Board’s alcohol and drug centre, indicated that the prevalence of A.I.D.S. had stabilised among intravenous drug users in the Netherlands since the programme's initiation, unlike countries with strict needle access like Spain and Italy, where A.I.D.S. rates had skyrocketed. While evidencing the need for improved access to sterile needles, Thornton also addressed the importance of promoting safe sex practices among drug users. He stressed the necessity of a holistic A.I.D.S. prevention package that underscores both the need for sterile needles and safe sex, cautioning against merely advising drug users against sharing needles without ensuring an adequate supply. Currently, New Zealand has reported cases of intravenous drug users with positive A.I.D.S. antibodies, highlighting a potential threat extending beyond drug users to their sexual partners and offspring. The A.I.D.S. Foundation and the centres have made formal submissions to the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee and engaged with several ministers about the issue. Dr Bassett, the Minister of Health, expressed caution regarding changes to needle access due to concerns about their potential impact on drug use. He requested a review of the committee's stance in light of recent submissions asserting the need for reform. Dr Richard Meech, chairman of the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, confirmed that recommendations on this matter would be presented to the Minister within a few months, indicating ongoing deliberation regarding needle and syringe restrictions within a broader A.I.D.S. discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861016_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861016.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529761600
7201,16,10,1986,"Many Doubts Still Shroud New Drug To Fight... (Press, 16 October 1986)","On 16 October 1986, it was reported that a new drug called azidothymidine (AZT), developed by Burroughs-Wellcome, has shown promise in slowing the progression of AIDS in some patients. Initial tests conducted at various medical centres in the United States since February indicated that AZT, when taken orally four times a day, could make a significant difference for AIDS patients. In a study involving 282 participants, half received AZT while the other half were given a placebo. The results were notable, with only one patient on AZT dying compared to 16 recipients of the placebo. Additionally, those on AZT experienced fewer serious complications, including those with AIDS-related complex (ARC). The U.S. Public Health Service announced that AZT will be made available at no cost to patients who meet certain criteria, specifically those who have developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) within 90 days of their AIDS diagnosis and have had only one instance of the pneumonia. This limits eligibility to approximately 6,000 of the estimated 10,000 AIDS sufferers in the U.S. The announcement raised concerns among doctors regarding the pressure they might face to obtain the drug for patients who do not meet these strict eligibility requirements, particularly as the supply is limited. While AZT has been shown to interfere with the progression of AIDS, it does not cure the disease. Caution has been advised by health officials regarding the long-term effects and potential risks associated with the drug, as some patients have experienced severe bone-marrow toxicity and anaemia while on AZT. Moreover, the decision to limit its usage was partially motivated by the need to ensure that alternative treatments, currently in development, can also be explored. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is expediting the approval process for AZT, and if sufficient evidence of its effectiveness can be gathered from the new patients starting the treatment, it may be commercially available by early 1987. This prospect has positively impacted the stock market, causing shares of Wellcome to rise by 20 per cent. Despite the limited immediate market of around 6,000 patients likely to benefit from the drug, there is growing concern about the larger population of up to 2 million individuals who may carry the HIV virus and could be inclined to seek treatment, although it remains uncertain whether AZT would be advantageous or detrimental for them. This situation highlights the evolving crisis surrounding AIDS treatment and the urgent need for effective therapeutic options.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861016_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861016.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529761600
6130,18,10,1986,"‘Gay’ Policeman Quits After Hearing (Press, 18 October 1986)","A 20-year-old constable from Wellington resigned from the police force on 17 October 1986 after being acquitted of disciplinary charges that involved filing a false report regarding a transfer application. The constable admitted to misrepresenting his relationship status, referring to his male partner as his “fiancee” and claiming, incorrectly, that he required a transfer to be with her. A police disciplinary tribunal dismissed the charges conditioned upon the constable paying $500 in costs, including expenses for witnesses. Despite this acquittal, the constable felt that he would not be accepted within the police force, stating that the hierarchy had indicated they did not want him due to his homosexuality. He expressed his disillusionment with the police administration, noting that he believed further inquiries could arise despite the tribunal's decision. The constable disclosed that he had aspired to be a police officer since the age of 13 and had studied criminology before applying to the force at 19, unaware of any policies against hiring homosexuals at that time. He had applied for the transfer from Gisborne to Wellington to be closer to a fellow officer with whom he had been romantically involved. Although the police administration did not overtly state that his sexual orientation was the reason for his dismissal, they implied that it had affected his job performance. In a letter referenced by the constable, the head of personnel suggested that his performance issues were partly linked to his homosexual relationship. The constable maintained that the inquiry was more a matter of the administration wanting to dismiss him rather than an actual concern about work performance, reasoning that any officer under scrutiny could be found to have similar issues. The constable had received significant support from fellow officers but felt disappointed by the Police Association, which had only assisted with his salary during suspension after admitting to the false report. He voiced frustration with the time and resources spent by the police investigating his sexuality rather than addressing more pressing matters within the force. Following his resignation, he planned to return to university to study law. His lawyer, Bruce Scott, remarked that a false report concerning personal matters typically would not have escalated to such formal disciplinary proceedings if not for the homosexual aspect of the case. The police had indicated a desire to question the constable related to another minor disciplinary issue, which Scott contended had not been substantiated.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861018_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861018.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529934400
6129,18,10,1986,"Charge Against M.P. Considered (Press, 18 October 1986)","On 18 October 1986, the privileges committee of the New Zealand Parliament convened while the House was in session to address a charge against Whangarei MP John Banks that had been pending for seven months. The committee is expected to spend several days next week hearing evidence, as Banks is determined to defend himself vigorously against the allegations. The breach of privilege in question stems from comments made by Banks during a passionate debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in March of that year. During the debate, Banks allegedly accused the chairman of committees, John Terris, of bias and collusion with the bill's sponsor, which led to his suspension from the debating chamber for a period of 24 hours. So far, the hearings have primarily focused on legal arguments. The privileges committee has dismissed points raised by Banks's counsel, Jim McLay, who has indicated that they might consider seeking a court ruling on the matter. However, after discussions with Banks, McLay announced that they would refrain from pursuing legal action at this time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861018_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861018.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,529934400
6131,20,10,1986,"‘Gay’ Group In Recess (Press, 20 October 1986)","On 20 October 1986, the pressure group Heterosexuals Unafraid of Gays (H.U.G.) announced that it would be going into recess following the community debate surrounding the homosexual law reform bill. Kim Saffron, the group’s Wellington coordinator, acknowledged the significant milestone marked by the passing of the Homosexual Law Reform Act, but emphasised that there remains considerable work ahead. She highlighted that the legislation was merely a first step towards achieving human equality for homosexuals and lesbians. Saffron indicated that the group would reactivate its efforts if there were movements to progress the second part of the bill, which aims to further ensure equal rights for homosexual individuals, or if there were renewed opposition to the reform. She noted that fear and prejudice towards the LGBTQ+ community still persist, citing a recent fire at the Lesbians and Gay Resource Centre as evidence. In light of this, H.U.G. decided to donate most of its assets to the resource centre to support its ongoing work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861020_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861020.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530107200
7284,21,10,1986,"Letter Drop On A.I.D.S. (Press, 21 October 1986)","On 21 October 1986, it was reported that the A.I.D.S. Support Network had distributed over 100,000 leaflets to households in Christchurch. The initiative aimed to educate the public about A.I.D.S. and counter prevalent myths surrounding the disease. Milan Smith, the coordinator of the network, emphasised the importance of the information included in the one-page leaflet, which highlighted that individuals could not contract A.I.D.S. from others unless they allowed it, underscoring personal responsibility in risk reduction. The leaflet explained that A.I.D.S. could be transmitted through intimate sexual contact and the sharing of hypodermic needles. Additionally, Smith announced that the network would hold a recruitment workshop in early November as part of their ongoing efforts in education and support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861021_2_135_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861021.2.135.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530193600
7182,21,10,1986,"New Zealand Men Pale By Comparison (Press, 21 October 1986)","A television programme aired on 21 October 1986 featured the unusual activity known as the Longwood Thump, associated with Morris dancing in Saddleworth, North-west England. The show offered a humorous glimpse into a quirky aspect of English culture, characterised by its primitive, male-dominated rituals. A group of males meets bi-weekly to practise what could be mistaken for a form of dance in a space that could either be a cave or a pub cellar, revealing a stark contrast to the New Zealand rugby culture. The essentially male nature of the practice is underscored by the fact that women are not permitted to observe, as they are believed to distract the participants. The local dancers exhibited a blend of bravado and insecurity, with one member voicing concerns over perceptions of masculinity in relation to their flower-adorned costumes. This tradition serves as both a nod to historical continuity and an excuse for socialising over beer, showcasing the camaraderie among the men. The narrative was punctuated with comical remarks about the intoxicating environment surrounding their gatherings. The programme also drew a comparison to the television series “Robin of Sherwood,” now in its second series, noted for its blend of mystical and antagonistic elements. Attention to detail in set design was highlighted, although historical accuracy was less emphasized. The revival of the Robin Hood character provided an engaging platform for exploring themes of justice against corrupt lords, delivered through traditional melodrama. However, the casting of Jason Connery as Robin Hood was met with mixed feelings, as some viewers found him lacking the masculine presence expected from such a legendary figure, especially compared to his father, Sean Connery. The supporting cast, including the robust Little John and the attractive Marian, fulfilled traditional archetypes, while the inclusion of a character named Nazir added diversity to the band of outlaws. Overall, the combination of the whimsical and the adventurous captured through these television presentations showcased a unique aspect of British cultural heritage, highlighting traditions that are celebrated in a humorous light, even as they reflect on the evolution of male identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861021_2_116_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861021.2.116.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530193600
6761,22,10,1986,"A Stand For Mankind (Press, 22 October 1986)","On 22 October 1986, a controversial situation unfolded at Parliament House in Canberra, where a ""no lesbian"" men-only zone was created by Steve Kelly. This protest zone was established adjacent to an existing women-only camp that had been set up for female protesters. Kelly, identifying as a private citizen, expressed his disdain for the women’s behaviour after observing their interactions with film crews on television the previous night. The scenes depicted involved confrontations, with women engaging in pushing, shoving, and yelling sessions. The establishment of the men-only zone served as a direct counter to the women's protest, highlighting tensions surrounding gender and activism at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861022_2_74_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861022.2.74.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530280000
6132,22,10,1986,"Privileges Committee In Closed Session (Press, 22 October 1986)","On 22 October 1986, the Privileges Committee of the Wellington Parliament held a closed session to address charges against Mr John Banks, a National Party representative for Whangarei. The session followed a letter submitted by Mr Banks' legal counsel, Mr Jim McLay. The charges stemmed from comments made by Mr Banks during a debate on the controversial Homosexual Law Reform Bill that took place seven months prior. In his remarks, Mr Banks had accused Mr John Terris, the Chairman of Committees, of colluding with the bill's sponsor. This accusation led to Mr Banks being suspended from the debating chamber for a period of 24 hours. Prior to the closure of the session, Mr Palmer, the Minister of Justice and chairman of the Privileges Committee, indicated to the media present that it was unlikely they would be permitted to return after the closed session began.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861022_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861022.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530280000
6133,24,10,1986,"A.ld.s. And Drug Abuse: No Sign In N.Z. Of Link (Press, 24 October 1986)","On 24 October 1986, Dr. Ross Bailey, a specialist from Christchurch, addressed a controversial editorial published in ""The Press"" on 18 October regarding the transmission of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in New Zealand. The editorial suggested that making syringes and needles more readily available to drug users would help prevent the spread of AIDS. Currently, New Zealand law restricts the sale of these items to limit access for addicts. Dr. Bailey contested the notion that intravenous drug abuse is a major vector for AIDS transmission in New Zealand, stating there is no evidence to support this assertion locally. He noted that the majority of AIDS cases in New Zealand have involved homosexual males, many of whom contracted the disease overseas before returning to the country. This observation is supported by published findings in the ""New Zealand Medical Journal."" In discussing the situation in Australia, Dr. Bailey provided statistics up to 19 September 1986, revealing that of the 296 reported AIDS cases (mostly in males), a significant portion were homosexual or bisexual individuals. Specifically, he highlighted that the overwhelming majority of AIDS cases in Australia were linked to homosexual activity rather than intravenous drug use. Only a small number of cases involved drug abusers not identified as homosexuals, with the remaining cases arising from blood transfusions or haemophilia. Dr. Bailey pointed out that many of the AIDS cases in Australia were concentrated in New South Wales and Victoria, with a substantial number of patients already deceased. He argued that predictions about the increase in AIDS cases in Australia had so far been inaccurate, stressing the importance of focusing on local epidemiology rather than external trends. Further, he drew a comparison with the United States, where AIDS is prevalent among heroin addicts, often impacting highly promiscuous male homosexuals involved in prostitution. He asserted that there is no definitive evidence suggesting that making syringes more accessible would alter the transmission dynamics of AIDS. Ultimately, Dr. Bailey maintained that the empirical evidence points to male homosexuals as the primary high-risk group for AIDS in Australasia, countering the editorial's implication that intravenous drug use plays a significant role in the epidemic within New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861024_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861024.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530452800
6134,28,10,1986,"Indecent Pub. Tribunal ‘fettered’ By Decision (Press, 28 October 1986)","On 28 October 1986, Judge Kearney, the chairman of the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand, expressed concerns about the impact of a recent Court of Appeal decision on the tribunal's ability to classify publications effectively. The ruling had complicated the tribunal's task of assessing whether materials were ""injurious to the public good,"" a challenge that had become nearly insurmountable following the Court's decision. In addressing two magazines, ""Fiesta"" and ""Knave,"" submitted by importer Gordon and Gotch, Ltd, the majority of tribunal members, including Judge Kearney, concluded that the publications could not be classified as unconditionally indecent but were deemed indecent for individuals under 18. However, a minority opinion found the magazines indecent overall, arguing they offended widely accepted community standards. Judge Kearney reflected on the Indecent Publications Act of 1953, noting that it aimed to limit censorship, yet the tribunal's role had devolved largely into reviewing publications featuring nude imagery and low-quality literature. He lamented how the tribunal's mission had shifted over the years, as the standards of morality and decency had evolved in society. The judicial difficulties stemmed from the case of the ""Greystoke Illustrated 1983"" calendars, which were seized by customs due to their explicit content. Initially deemed not indecent by a District Court Judge, the matter escalated to the Court of Appeal, which upheld the lower court's decision. This ruling clarified that the calendars were documents rather than books, leading to complications for the tribunal, which had to navigate the implications of this distinction in classifying future materials. Judge Kearney noted that this new interpretation of ""indecency"" was now more stringent and rigid, complicating the tribunal's deliberation process. He expressed disappointment that such a trivial item as a calendar featuring nude men had become pivotal in shaping the tribunal's operational framework. He suggested that the current circumstances severely hampered the tribunal's capacity to evaluate whether publications were detrimental to public welfare and wished for the Court of Appeal's decision to be reconsidered in a broader context. Overall, Judge Kearney's reflections highlighted the increasing challenges the tribunal faced in maintaining its intended purpose due to evolving legal interpretations and societal standards.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861028_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861028.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530794800
7464,29,10,1986,"Nationwide Screening For A.I.D.S. ‘must Come’ (Press, 29 October 1986)","In an interview with the ""Sunday Times"" on 29 October 1986, Dr Anthony Robertson, a prominent British scientist and president of the Research, Testing and Development Corporation in Georgia, stressed the urgent need for nationwide A.I.D.S. screening in countries where the disease exists. He highlighted that A.I.D.S. is spreading at a faster rate among heterosexuals than homosexuals in the United States. Dr Robertson expressed concern that current efforts, including safe sex education, have not effectively curbed the disease's progression. He indicated that the statistical analysis conducted by his corporation, which was presented at a symposium on A.I.D.S. and heterosexuality in New York, revealed that the number of A.I.D.S. cases among heterosexuals who had sexual contact with an infected individual was doubling every six to seven months. As of mid-October 1986, there were 450 reported A.I.D.S. cases among heterosexuals, a significant increase compared to the total number among homosexuals four years prior. In total, the United States had about 27,000 confirmed A.I.D.S. victims, with estimates suggesting that three to four million people were infected with the virus. The situation in Britain appears to be developing more slowly, with just over 500 reported A.I.D.S. victims to date, half of whom have died, and an estimated 30,000 individuals carrying the virus. Dr Robertson pointed out that the virus could easily be transmitted through normal heterosexual intercourse, which raises further concerns about the rapid rise in cases among heterosexuals. He proposed that broad screening could become necessary due to the greater number of risky partners in heterosexual relationships, or potentially because heterosexual transmission might be even easier than homosexual transmission. The reluctance of health authorities to implement screening has been attributed to fears of discrimination against homosexuals and the profound social consequences that could ensue. Dr Robertson advocated for routine testing of the entire adult population in countries affected by A.I.D.S., suggesting that individuals should be tested every few months and issued certifications. In the same report, Professor Sir Richard Doll, a well-respected epidemiologist known for his studies on smoking and contraception, echoed Dr Robertson's sentiments by calling for widespread random A.I.D.S. testing in Britain. The urgency of these recommendations underscores the increasing concerns regarding the spread of A.I.D.S. and the need for proactive public health measures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861029_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861029.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530881200
7125,30,10,1986,"Dean Learnt From The Drama Of The Streets (Press, 30 October 1986)","On 30 October 1986, Judy Byrne wrote about actor Peter Dean, known for his role as Pete Beale in the television series ""EastEnders."" The article describes Dean's real-life connection to the character he portrays, highlighting that he comes from a family of Cockney stallholders, much like the fictional Beale family who runs a fruit and vegetable stall outside the Queen Victoria pub in the show. Despite his success as an actor, Dean remains devoted to his roots. He operates a stall himself, selling ""bankrupt stock and bits and pieces,"" alongside family members who sell seafood and vegetables. He believes that staying connected to the market keeps him sharp and refers to it as the ""best drama school in the world."" Dean also serves as an unofficial advisor for ""EastEnders,"" helping to ensure the show's authenticity by providing insights into current slang and realistic life situations in London's East End. Dean's theatrical background is richly rooted; his grandmother was a music hall performer, and an aunt led an acrobatic troupe. His journey into acting began when actress Prunella Scales, known for her role in ""Fawlty Towers,"" noticed him reciting Shakespeare to attract customers at his market stall and encouraged him to pursue acting. His career has primarily consisted of playing tough characters, including psychopaths and villains. However, he expresses excitement about playing a more light-hearted role in ""EastEnders,"" calling it a refreshing change as he enjoys being portrayed as a ""Mr Nice Guy."" Despite some criticism from viewers who perceive the character of Peter Beale as a male chauvinist, particularly during a scene where his wife dumps dinner on him in a pub, Dean acknowledges the reality of such situations in his life. He recounts a personal experience where a partner similarly confronted him about spending too much time in the pub. Peter Dean's life has taken a turn in recent years; he and his wife Jean converted to Buddhism seven years ago. This lifestyle change has fostered a new philosophy focused on non-violence and helping others. He now dedicates an hour each day to prayer, emphasizing his commitment to making people happy instead of engaging in conflict, a stark contrast to many characters he has portrayed on screen. Dean concludes that his daily aim is to bring joy to at least one person, showcasing his transformed outlook on life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861030_2_99_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861030.2.99.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,530967600
6135,31,10,1986,"National M.P. Lashes Out At Privileges Committee... (Press, 31 October 1986)","On 31 October 1986, John Banks, a member of the National Party, expressed his strong discontent with Parliament’s Privileges Committee, which had found him in contempt of the House for remarks made during a debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in March that year. Banks described the lengthy process, which spanned over seven months, as humiliating and likened it to being subjected to a ""kangaroo court."" He highlighted the unacceptable delays in the handling of his case, stating that if he had been treated similarly in a conventional court, it would warrant scrutiny by the Human Rights Commission. The Privileges Committee, consisting of five members, unanimously confirmed that Banks' comments constituted contempt but decided against taking further action, considering his prior 24-hour suspension from Parliament and his apology made at the time. Banks countered by asserting that he had already faced severe repercussions and had publicly apologised, questioning the validity of the committee's findings. In response, Mr Palmer, the committee's chairman, refuted Banks' claims and insisted that the committee's decision was fair and that the involvement of two National Party members ensured no bias. He advised Banks to show restraint and warned against attacking the committee that had adjudicated him. Mr Palmer asserted that any allegations of bias were unfounded, stating that the committee had acted in the interests of justice. The remarks that led to the contempt charge were made during a heated debate where Banks accused the presiding Labour MP, J. J. Terris, of collusion with another member, Fran Wilde, who was sponsoring the bill. Palmer categorised Banks’ remarks as seriously undermining the integrity of the presiding officer, which constituted a severe form of contempt. Despite the committee's leniency, it acknowledged the gravity of the situation, emphasising that impugning the integrity of a presiding officer is a serious matter. During the proceedings, Banks was represented by fellow MP Jim McLay, who argued against the committee's findings, claiming it violated the principle of double jeopardy, which protects individuals from being tried for the same offence multiple times. He viewed the committee’s decision as a setback for legal principles established for centuries. Palmer defended the committee’s stance by asserting the importance of maintaining parliamentary decorum and the necessity for parliamentarians to adhere to rules. He stressed the committee's responsibility to discipline members and safeguard the presiding officers from unwarranted attacks. Banks concluded his address by affirming the fragility of freedom of speech, even within a democratic system, while expressing a desire for swifter and fairer justice within Parliament. The session concluded with Banks and McLay shaking hands, signalling a moment of camaraderie despite the contentious circumstances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861031_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861031.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,531054000
6136,01,11,1986,"A.I.D.S. Carrier Conquers Fear (Press, 1 November 1986)","On 1 November 1986, a report by Rob Goldstone for NZPA-AAP discussed the experiences of a Sydney man named Mike, who is 43 and works in the publishing industry. Mike is among many individuals in Sydney who are carriers of the A.I.D.S. virus. Despite being diagnosed as antibody positive, he expresses a notable lack of concern about how he contracted the virus, stating that he does not blame any of his past sexual partners. Mike took the A.I.D.S. test in December 1985, mostly to reassure himself that he did not have the disease, knowing he was in a high-risk category due to his homosexual relationships. However, he received the life-altering news on Christmas Eve, which he describes as a moment he will never forget. Initially, he felt denial and disbelief, hoping for a false positive result. Eventually, another test confirmed his diagnosis, leading him to navigate through the five stages of grief: anger, denial, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Initially fearing he wouldn't survive the following Christmas, Mike began to appreciate his surroundings more deeply, thinking he was witnessing places for the last time. While acknowledging he likely acquired the virus from casual encounters, he harbours no anger towards anyone else, only regret for his own behaviour. Telling friends of his diagnosis was a challenge, and while most were sympathetic, his boyfriend left him. This period stirred feelings of depression, self-hate, and sexual guilt. Contrary to his initial fears, Mike believes that he is not dying from A.I.D.S. and feels healthier than ever. He implemented a rigorous health programme, which included quitting smoking, abstaining from drinking, adopting a vegetarian diet, and turning to religion. Additionally, he dedicates time to volunteer work with the A.I.D.S. Crisis Line. Despite the stigma, Mike eventually found the courage to pursue new sexual relationships. He relayed experiences with a new partner, mentioning that revealing his positive status surprisingly became appealing to some. Through his journey, Mike has managed to confront his fears and reclaim control over his life, emphasizing that he feels empowered despite his diagnosis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861101_2_91_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861101.2.91.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,531140400
6762,01,11,1986,"Of Contemporary Conflict (Press, 1 November 1986)","In ""Virgin Territory,"" author Sara Maitland explores the intricate relationships of women in relation to the church, society, and each other, woven through a narrative that spans past and present. The book presents a compelling portrayal of Sister Anna, an American-born nun serving in a small South American mission. Struggling with the emotional aftermath of a fellow sister's rape, Anna takes a leave of absence to delve into her research on the church's founding principles in London. Throughout her journey, Anna encounters a range of characters who challenge her understanding of spirituality and personal identity. Among them are Caro, a brain-damaged child, and Karen, a lesbian socialist feminist intellectual, both of whom evoke strong emotional responses in Anna. Their interactions prompt her to confront her own feelings, leading to a transformative exploration of her connection with the church and her identity as a woman. Maitland’s narrative captures the duality of the church's role as both a paternal authority and a maternal figure that ultimately fails to nurture. This tension between control and rejection underpins Anna's quest for empowerment and understanding. The story suggests that by confronting the historical and political structures of spirituality and patriarchy, women can begin to reclaim their voices and agency. The book's style is noted for its poetic yet colloquial approach, which effectively conveys the profound spiritual and sensual conflicts faced by the characters. Overall, ""Virgin Territory"" promises a rich exploration of feminine identity and empowerment, resonating with the contemporary struggles of women as they navigate the complexities of faith, society, and their relationships with one another.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861101_2_132_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861101.2.132.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,531140400
6138,03,11,1986,"British Opinions Move To The Left, Survey Finds (Press, 3 November 1986)","Public opinion in Britain has shifted significantly to the Left since 1983, according to the third annual British Social Attitudes survey, published on 3 November 1986. This comprehensive study, funded by charitable, governmental, and private sources, indicates considerable changes in attitudes regarding wealth distribution, defence, and sexual norms. Despite this shift toward Left-leaning viewpoints, hostility towards homosexuality and support for limiting homosexual rights have notably increased, particularly among committed Labour voters. John Curtice, a researcher associated with the survey, argues that the findings challenge the perception that the Conservative government has cultivated a new Right-wing consensus among the electorate. The study identified a ""clear shift to the Left"" in public opinion observed during 1984 and 1985, with several specific areas experiencing notable changes in attitudes. For instance, opposition to the redistribution of income and wealth towards “ordinary working people” decreased from 37 per cent in 1983 to 28 per cent in 1985. Similarly, support for Britain's independent nuclear deterrent dwindled from 77 per cent to 68 per cent, and those opposing reduced spending on defence declined from 53 per cent to 42 per cent. Furthermore, the priority of inflation over unemployment as a pressing concern also saw a decrease in support, falling from 27 per cent to 22 per cent. Curtice commented on this trend, noting that the electorate appears to be moving away from much of the ideological territory occupied by the Conservative government. In contrast, the survey revealed a trend towards more liberal sexual attitudes that seem to diverge from the beliefs held by some Conservative leaders. For example, support for abortion rights, grounded in health concerns and fetal defects as well as women's rights, has become stronger. Notably, societal attitudes towards pre-marital sex have evolved, with fewer individuals believing it is always or mostly wrong. However, an increase in the number of people viewing homosexual relationships as morally wrong was recorded, climbing from 62 per cent in 1983 to 69 per cent in 1985. Additionally, there was a drop in the percentage of people who believe that homosexuality is ""not wrong at all,"" from 17 per cent to 13 per cent. This reflected a growing scepticism in social acceptance of homosexuals in professional roles, with only 0.36 per cent (down from 41 per cent) considering it acceptable for homosexuals to be employed as school teachers. The survey, conducted by Social and Community Planning Research, included responses from 1,700 individuals across the nation, giving it a considerable foundation in public sentiment at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861103_2_194.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861103.2.194,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,531313200
6137,03,11,1986,"Teen-age Magazines Decried (Press, 3 November 1986)","A report published by the charity Family and Youth Concern has raised alarming concerns about the content of magazines aimed at teenagers in Britain, with particularly shocking findings regarding the prevalence of sex, violence, obscene language, and themes of black magic. The report describes many of these publications, some of which are accessible to children as young as 11, as little more than “light pornography.” The study involved sixteen mothers who scrutinised these publications over a period of 17 months and found that the “New Musical Express,” a widely read rock newspaper, epitomised their concerns. Valerie Riches, the charity's national secretary, highlighted the magazine's focus on homosexual contact groups, obscene language, and crude sexual references, as well as a notable fascination with the occult. Another magazine under scrutiny was “Just Seventeen,” which targets readers aged 11 to 17. The report observed that the magazine adopted a flippant tone, suggesting that the primary concern of its audience was related to sexual matters, including discussions around their own activities and those of popular figures. The report mentioned that while many articles lacked explicit content, they nonetheless evoked unhealthy imagination in young readers. While “Jackie,” aimed at those aged 12 to 16, was identified as a more “wholesome” publication amidst the criticism, it too faced scrutiny over certain articles. The mothers involved in the study expressed their shock at the content, with Mrs Yolanda Williams, the group’s leader and a mother of two teenage daughters, calling for government intervention to safeguard young audiences. She urged those connected with these publications to take measures to improve content standards. In response to the report, Danny Kelly, deputy editor of the “New Musical Express,” expressed his discomfort with the findings, noting that while the magazine covers contentious topics, it maintains a commitment to high-quality journalism. He pointed out that the publication has an average reader age of 20, indicating it is not primarily aimed at children. A representative from “Just Seventeen” defended the magazine, asserting that its articles presented information honestly, suggesting that teenagers would learn about these issues regardless of the publication's content. The report ultimately calls for a significant reassessment of the messages conveyed to the youth of the nation, urging the need for cleaner content in magazines targeting young readers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861103_2_193.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861103.2.193,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,531313200
6139,08,11,1986,"Defamation Writs Dropped (Press, 8 November 1986)","Mr Graeme Lee, the National member of Parliament for Hauraki, announced that he has resolved defamation writs that were issued against him concerning his remarks on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. The writs he had filed in response have also been withdrawn. Mr Lee, who opposed the bill that was debated in Parliament from March 1985 to July 1986, mentioned that he participated in various speaking engagements on the topic during which he made comments that were later challenged. He expressed satisfaction in having the matter settled.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861108_2_28_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861108.2.28.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,531745200
6763,08,11,1986,"Waste, Tragedy, Despair (Press, 8 November 1986)","In ""Then Again,"" published in 1986 by Sue McCauley, the author explores the complexities of sexual politics in 1980s New Zealand, particularly through the setting of Motuwhairua, a fictional representation of Waiheke Island. Following her previous success with ""Other Halves,"" McCauley presents a rich tapestry of characters who seek refuge from the constraints of urban life. The protagonist, Maureen, is portrayed as a sole mother of three, grappling with the daily challenges of existing on social benefits while living in a dilapidated cottage. Her struggles highlight the economic pressures faced by many during this period. In contrast, Keith, a journalist battling alcoholism, seeks spiritual solace on the island, aiming to escape his turbulent past. Meanwhile, Josie and Geoff, who are in a fragile defacto relationship, find themselves contending with the realities of small-scale subsistence farming, prompting them to reassess their lives and partnership. Motuwhairua is also populated by a diverse cast of characters, including hippies, drop-outs, swingers, and other sexual misfits. These individuals view the island as a paradise where they can evade societal norms, heal from their pasts, and rejuvenate their spirits amidst a changing socio-political landscape. McCauley cleverly encapsulates the essence of New Zealand life in the 1980s, illustrating the ongoing impacts of the sexual revolution, along with the rise of lesbian separatism, which is depicted as both potent and sometimes extreme. While the novel delves into themes of domestic violence and despair, presenting a backdrop of waste and tragedy, it balances this tone with elements of humour and compassion. ""Then Again"" offers a poignant reflection of life during a transformative decade, marked by both personal struggles and societal shifts. McCauley's narrative stands out for its depth and understanding of the human experience, navigating the challenges and complexities of relationships amid a backdrop of cultural change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861108_2_124_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861108.2.124.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,531745200
6142,11,11,1986,"N.Z. Could Be A.I.D.S. Free, Say Experts (Press, 11 November 1986)","On 11 November 1986, two visiting A.I.D.S. experts, Sam Tuckett and Tom Coates, highlighted the critical opportunity for Auckland, New Zealand, to become an A.I.D.S.-free zone. During their visit for an A.I.D.S. prevention workshop, they stressed that the next couple of years would be essential in determining the country's response to the epidemic. Mr Tuckett underscored the need for substantial investment and effort to curb the spread of A.I.D.S. before it could escalate out of control. Both experts have experience with the A.I.D.S. Foundation in San Francisco, where the situation is dire, with 50 per cent of homosexual and bisexual men testing positive for the virus and a daily death toll from A.I.D.S. disease. Mr Tuckett noted that New Zealand's geographical isolation had slowed the spread of A.I.D.S. in comparison to countries like the United States, but he emphasised the importance of acting quickly rather than assuming that the absence of immediate cases indicated a lack of threat. He warned that there is a common misconception regarding the nature of risk associated with A.I.D.S., suggesting that many New Zealanders may underestimate how fast the disease could spread. Tuckett referenced the U.S. government's investment of $2 billion in A.I.D.S. education as a benchmark for New Zealand, indicating that increased governmental funding would be necessary to achieve a similar goal of an A.I.D.S.-free environment. At that time, each A.I.D.S. patient in New Zealand incurred treatment costs of approximately $100,000, putting further financial strain on the healthcare system. While Tuckett and Coates acknowledged the commendable efforts underway in New Zealand, they were disappointed by the limited local research on the disease. They believed there is a significant, yet silent, group of bisexual individuals in New Zealand who must be made aware that they are not alone and that the risk of infection is tied to specific behaviours rather than sexual orientation or intravenous drug use alone. Additionally, Mr Tuckett urged for increased awareness among wives regarding their husbands' possible activities as a preventive measure. In summary, Tuckett and Coates strongly advocated for immediate action and increased education to prepare New Zealand for a future A.I.D.S.-free environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861111_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861111.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532004400
6141,11,11,1986,"New African A.I.D.S. Virus Discovered (Press, 11 November 1986)","A new A.I.D.S. virus discovered in West Africa in 1985 may pose a significant health threat, according to French researcher Dr Luc Montagnier. Speaking at the annual meeting of the American Association of Blood Banks in San Francisco on 11 November 1986, he indicated that the newly identified virus, referred to as LAV-II, could be as deadly as the original strain of the disease. Initially perceived as causing only isolated cases of A.I.D.S., Dr Montagnier now believes it may be a major contributor to the A.I.D.S. epidemic in West Africa and has already been identified in several Western European countries. Dr Montagnier, who previously helped isolate the original A.I.D.S. virus in 1984, expressed concern that LAV-II is likely to reach the United States soon. He reported that French scientists have isolated this new virus in approximately 63 individuals, although other researchers caution that these findings could be premature due to the limited number of patients studied. Harvard scientist Phyllis Kanki urged a more conservative interpretation of the data, suggesting it may be too soon to determine the widespread prevalence of LAV-II among humans. LAV-II reportedly evades detection by conventional blood tests designed for A.I.D.S., prompting the need for new screening methods. A.I.D.S. is transmitted primarily through blood and semen, not through casual contact, and attacks the immune system, rendering individuals susceptible to infections and tumours. Since the original virus was discovered, two additional variants have been identified: LAV-II and HTLV-IV, the latter being isolated from the blood of healthy individuals in Senegal but without evidence of causing illness. LAV-II can affect both men and women and seems to be transmitted through heterosexual contact as well as blood, yet it has not been found among homosexual men or intravenous drug users. Among the individuals infected with LAV-II, Dr Montagnier noted that 11 have developed A.I.D.S. and 10 have related illnesses, with seven reported deaths thus far. The remainder of the infected individuals have not yet shown symptoms. While the original strain remains the primary cause of A.I.D.S. cases in central Africa, in West Africa, LAV-II may be gaining prominence as a leading cause of the disease. Dr Montagnier acknowledged the unexpected nature of this discovery, stating it was surprising to find two different viruses could lead to the same illness.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861111_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861111.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532004400
6764,13,11,1986,"First Lesbian Festival (Press, 13 November 1986)","New Zealand's first lesbian festival is set to commence in Auckland today, 13 November 1986. Organised by Ms Dee Gulliver, the event aims to celebrate lesbian identity and community. Approximately 500 women from across the country are anticipated to participate in the four-day festival, marking a significant milestone in promoting visibility and unity within the lesbian community in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861113_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861113.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532177200
7126,14,11,1986,"Perth Businessman In A.I.D.S. Fight (Press, 14 November 1986)","In November 1986, Perth businessman Kevin Parry announced plans to invest SAustl million (approximately $1.25 million) in a fundraising campaign aimed at increasing research and public awareness about A.I.D.S. Parry, who is also backing the Kookaburra America’s Cup syndicate, expressed his hopes of inviting actress Elizabeth Taylor to Australia for the campaign's launch during the Cup events. His community service organisation, the Parry Foundation, has formed a partnership with A.M.F.A.R., the American A.I.D.S. fundraising organisation led by Taylor, which was established in response to the death of actor Rock Hudson from the disease. During his speech at the annual general meeting of the Parry Corporation, a diverse conglomerate encompassing retail, media, property, resources, technology, and tourism, Parry revealed his motivations for addressing the A.I.D.S. crisis. The Parry Foundation plans to allocate $1 million towards creating an Australian counterpart to A.M.F.A.R., likely centred in Sydney. While A.M.F.A.R. focuses on financing research for a cure, Parry indicated that the Australian initiative would initially prioritise raising awareness and altering public perceptions of A.I.D.S. He highlighted the unfounded fears surrounding children with A.I.D.S., noting that some are prevented from attending school despite the disease not being transmissible in typical social settings. Parry is also looking to collaborate with research institutions in both the United States and Australia to expedite A.I.D.S. research. He stated the urgency of finding a cure, expressing concern that if progress is not made, future generations could face significant death tolls from the disease. He emphasised personal accountability, stating, “Someone has got to stand up and be counted on this issue and if I cannot get anyone else to do it I will do it myself.” Parry noted that his company's Newcastle television station, NBN, would take on a significant promotional role, similar to the awareness initiatives organised for cancer in recent years. He remarked on the changing attitudes towards discussing cancer, implying that a similar shift is needed for A.I.D.S. He pointed to alarming forecasts predicting that between 2 and 5 per cent of the U.S. population could succumb to A.I.D.S. by the early 1990s, suggesting that similar statistics may be applicable to Australia. Highlighting the stigma surrounding A.I.D.S., Parry lamented that politicians and community leaders are often hesitant to associate themselves with the disease due to its controversial implications. He urged the community to confront the reality of A.I.D.S., asserting that it is no longer exclusively affecting the gay population but is a pressing public health issue that demands attention and action.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861114_2_145.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861114.2.145,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532263600
6143,15,11,1986,"M.P.’s Comment On Writ Incorrect—publisher (Press, 15 November 1986)","On 15 November 1986, Tony Katavich, the publisher of ""Out!"" magazine, addressed comments made by Graeme Lee, a National member of Parliament for Hauraki, regarding a defamation case involving a $1.25 million writ against Lee. Katavich stated that Lee's claims suggested that his company, the Lawrence Publishing Company (N.Z.) Ltd, initiated the dropping of the writs, which he deemed incorrect and misleading. The context of the legal dispute stems from a court ruling by Justice Tompkins in June 1986, wherein Lee's attempt to dismiss the writs was unsuccessful. Justice Tompkins determined that there was indeed a case for Lee to answer regarding the alleged defamation. Following this ruling, Lee, through his solicitors, offered to drop his defamation action against ""Out!"" magazine if the magazine and its publishers agreed to discontinue their claim against him. Katavich clarified that ""Out!"" magazine opted to accept Lee's apology in order to avoid the lengthy and costly process of a drawn-out legal battle. He emphasised that at no point had ""Out!"" or its publisher admitted liability regarding the defamation allegations or issued an apology. He suggested that the decision by Justice Tompkins indicating that Lee had a case to answer influenced Lee's legal counsel to propose a settlement that involved mutually withdrawing all legal actions. Furthermore, Katavich expressed concern about the misleading nature of Lee's statements, which suggested an acceptance of liability by ""Out!"" and prompted the directors of his company to reconsider the notice of discontinuation of their writs, as they had not yet finalised this action. The dispute and ensuing comments arose during the debate on the Homosexual Law Reform Bill.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861115_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861115.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532350000
7127,15,11,1986,"Playwright Who Indicts The Tyrants (Press, 15 November 1986)","The ""Observer"" profile of Nigerian poet Wole Soyinka, published on 15 November 1986, highlights his remarkable life and literary contributions, especially following his Nobel Prize for Literature, making him the first African recipient. The article recounts Soyinka's audacious act in 1965, where he held a radio station at gunpoint to broadcast a message against the ruling politicians, showcasing his fearless stance against tyranny. This act aligns with his belief that silence in the face of oppression equates to death. Soyinka, born in Abeokuta and educated in English public schools and at Leeds University, has drawn extensively from Yoruba myths and Western literary traditions. His background instilled a cultural confidence that sets him apart from many black writers. He began his career in 1958 with the Royal Court Theatre, gaining invaluable experience that contributed to his recognition as a significant dramatist by the early 1960s. His plays often reflect the complexities of Nigerian society and the human experience, addressing themes of power, responsibility, and the struggles faced by individuals in modern Africa. Throughout his career, Soyinka has used his writings and public voice to challenge corruption and human rights abuses, often facing severe repercussions for his outspoken nature. He was imprisoned for 26 months during the Nigerian civil war and later placed under house arrest due to his criticisms of the electoral process. His works, including ""The Man Died"" and ""Madmen and Specialists,"" reveal the dark realities of war and human conduct. Soyinka's current perspective on Nigeria is tempered by his disappointment with military regimes, including that of General Babangida, and he spends much of his time abroad. He is an influential figure in international theatre, holds a professorship, and enjoys a vibrant social life. While younger Nigerian writers admire his linguistic abilities and innovative use of symbolism, some criticise him for his perceived pessimism and individualistic approach. The article concludes by recognising Soyinka as a significant non-Anglo-Saxon writer who has enriched the English language with his imaginative power. His Nobel Prize serves as a catalyst for broader recognition of African literature within academic institutions and the literary world, although Soyinka himself remains an artist whose complexity may challenge the mainstream understanding of his work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861115_2_120_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861115.2.120.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532350000
7465,17,11,1986,"Sydney Bus Curbs Spread Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 17 November 1986)","Medical experts in Sydney have observed that a mobile clinic, known as the A.I.D.S. bus, has played a significant role in curbing the transmission of HIV/AIDS among the city's high-risk populations, including prostitutes and drug users. Since its inception nearly a year ago, the A.I.D.S. bus, operated under the auspices of Sydney Hospital, has been providing vital services in the red light districts of Kings Cross and Darlinghurst. The clinic sees over 70 patients weekly, offering screenings for HIV, counselling, and assistance with various medical and social issues. Nurse Lizzie Griggs, one of the three staff members on the A.I.D.S. bus, highlighted its importance by noting that many prostitutes and intravenous drug users might have become infected without the service. She emphasised that the bus not only provides screening for the virus but also serves as a crucial source of advice on safe sex practices and general counselling, which these individuals often struggle to access elsewhere. Griggs has shared her admiration for the positive response from their clients, describing them as compassionate and supportive individuals. She remarked on the unexpected kindness and generosity she has witnessed among the male and female prostitutes and drug users who frequent the mobile clinic. The A.I.D.S. bus, far from just a medical facility, has become a trusted refuge for those seeking help and information in the fight against AIDS in Sydney.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861117_2_160_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861117.2.160.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532522800
6144,18,11,1986,"Aust, Courts 'out Of Step With Public Opinion’ (Press, 18 November 1986)","A study conducted by the Australian Institute of Criminology has revealed a significant disconnect between public opinion and the views of Australian law-makers and courts regarding the seriousness of various crimes and their corresponding punishments. The survey, which represents the first of its kind in Australia, involved 2,555 participants aged 14 and older who were asked to assess and rank the seriousness of 13 different crimes, using bicycle theft as a baseline for comparison. The findings indicate that Australians have a notably negative perspective on crimes involving violence, as well as those related to industrial and corporate misconduct. In particular, respondents rated crimes such as industrial pollution and employer negligence as more serious than the penalties that are currently in place. Interestingly, male homosexuality was also ranked high on the seriousness scale, despite the fact that consensual homosexual acts are not deemed criminal in most states. The public’s sentiment about welfare fraud was also notable, as welfare cheats were perceived to be more culpable than income tax evaders, even though the monetary extent of tax fraud was higher. Dr Paul Wilson, a criminologist with the institute, highlighted that overall, public views indicated a less punitive stance than is often assumed. For example, concerning the most serious crimes, such as stabbing to death and heroin trafficking, only a minority of respondents expressed support for the death penalty. The survey ranked various crimes in order of perceived seriousness, starting with stabbing to death and heroin trafficking, followed by severe corporate misconduct like knowingly disposing of poisonous waste and negligent harm to workers. Other crimes listed include armed robbery, domestic violence, social security fraud, tax evasion, medicare fraud, private homosexual acts, burglary, shoplifting, and finally, theft of a bicycle. The investigation concluded that judicial and political perspectives regarding crime and punishment often have a greater impact on policy-making than actual public opinion does. The report also noted that the most serious offences typically involve either a threat or an occurrence of physical harm. Moreover, it was pointed out that industrial and corporate crimes might contribute to a higher number of fatalities than violent criminal acts and were rated with more severity than armed robbery. The study revealed few differences in opinions based on gender, although women showed slightly greater concern about issues like domestic violence, workplace safety, and fraud in social security. Additionally, it appeared that individuals with higher levels of education tended to be less concerned about crime overall.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861118_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861118.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532609200
6146,19,11,1986,"‘Art Or Bust’ (Press, 19 November 1986)","Bette Midler is set to star in her own show titled “Art or Bust” tonight at 9 p.m. on channel Two. This live performance features Midler delivering an array of songs, ranging from stunning melodies to bawdy ballads, at the University of Minnesota. Accompanied by a female trio that matches her quirky style, Midler showcases her talents in an all-around entertaining manner. Midler's journey began in Hawaii, where she was determined to become an actress. After starting her career with minor roles on New York stages, she gained significant recognition during her regular performances at a homosexual Turkish bathing house. This venue helped her attract the attention of talent scouts from notable television shows, including the “David Frost Show” and “The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.” Following her rise to fame, Midler made numerous television appearances and, in 1972, released her breakthrough album, “The Divine Miss M.” This success laid the groundwork for her foray into film, with notable movies such as “The Rose,” which was inspired by the life of blues singer Janis Joplin. Her most recent film, “Ruthless People,” features Danny DeVito and adds to her impressive filmography.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861119_2_97_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861119.2.97.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532695600
6147,19,11,1986,"Americans More Choosy About Sex—survey (Press, 19 November 1986)","A survey published by ""Newsweek"" magazine on 19 November 1986 indicates that Americans are becoming increasingly selective about their sexual and social relationships due to concerns about the spread of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The survey, which included responses from 756 adults, found that 58 per cent reported being more discerning in their choice of sexual partners. Additionally, one-third of respondents stated they actively avoided places commonly frequented by homosexuals, while 18 per cent would shy away from social interactions with individuals they perceived as homosexual. The survey also highlighted worrying attitudes regarding medical procedures, with 27 per cent indicating they would refuse non-essential surgery if it required a blood transfusion. There is significant support for testing to manage the disease, with nearly half of the participants favouring mandatory blood testing to identify individuals carrying the AIDS virus. A notable 89 per cent expressed willingness to undergo such testing for themselves. Moreover, the survey revealed that 54 per cent of respondents believed individuals carrying the virus should be placed in government quarantine centres, although a recent California referendum on this issue was rejected on 4 November 1986. In terms of education, 70 per cent of those surveyed viewed sex education as a vital tool in combating AIDS. This reflects a shift in perspective compared to earlier findings; for instance, 44 per cent of respondents indicated they would be fine sending their children to a school with a pupil who was an AIDS carrier, a notable increase from 30 per cent in August 1985. These findings illustrate a complex and evolving response to the AIDS crisis among the American public.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861119_2_159.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861119.2.159,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532695600
6145,19,11,1986,"Six Die From A.I.D.S. (Press, 19 November 1986)","On 19 November 1986, it was reported in Parliament that six people had died in New Zealand from the disease A.I.D.S. The Minister of Health, Dr Bassett, provided details about the situation, indicating that his department had identified 181 individuals with positive A.I.D.S. antibody tests. He noted that the majority of these cases were found within the homosexual community, although a number of haemophiliacs and some heterosexuals were also among those testing positive for antibodies. Dr Bassett highlighted that evidence indicated a significant number of individuals with antibodies did not progress to contracting the disease. He provided an estimate that the likelihood of these individuals actually developing A.I.D.S. ranged from 1 per cent to 19 per cent, with variations depending on the source of information. The Minister's statements were in response to inquiries made by Mr Graeme Lee, a member of the National Party representing Hauraki.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861119_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861119.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532695600
6148,20,11,1986,"‘Eric And Martin’ Causes Spirited Debate (Press, 20 November 1986)","A children's book titled ""Jenny Lives with Eric and Martin,"" which tells the story of a five-year-old girl living with her father and his homosexual partner, has ignited a heated debate in Britain regarding sex education in schools. Published by Gay Men’s Press and translated from Danish, the book features illustrations, some of which depict the girl with nude men. This narrative has come under scrutiny as part of a broader campaign to eliminate what some see as inappropriate materials from the classroom. The Inner London Education Authority has decided to allow the book only under special circumstances and with parental consent, while the British Government, led by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, has sought to ban it entirely. Opposition arose when parents at a London school protested by burning copies of the book and keeping their children at home. Critics of the book argue that it represents a troubling move toward promoting acceptance of homosexuality, which they believe undermines traditional family values. Education Secretary Kenneth Baker has actively opposed the book, labelling it as homosexual propaganda and stating that it has no place in schools. At a Conservative Party conference, he condemned the use of such literature as an example of what he terms Left-wing bigotry in educational systems. In response, the Inner London Education Authority, which oversees numerous public schools, has maintained that it is up to individual schools to choose their own resources. Beginning in the 1960s, sex education has been integrated into various subjects within British schools, but the current discourse reflects a growing concern about a perceived lack of moral guidance in sexual education. While the government remains committed to teaching children about life and health, critics worry about the moral implications of exposing young students to comprehensive material on various sexual topics. In an attempt to balance parental concerns, Baker has proposed giving parents equal representation on school boards to address issues related to sex education. However, a recent effort to allow parents to withdraw their children from sex education classes was unsuccessful in Parliament. Peter Bruinvels, a conservative MP, has been leading the campaign against the book and has published a list of 27 titles he believes should be banned, including ""Guide to Sex for Beginners"" and ""Biology for Life."" Despite the backlash against certain books, surveys revealed that a significant majority of parents and teenagers support comprehensive sex education in schools. However, there is a noteworthy division in public opinion regarding parental rights in opting out of sex education classes, with a poll indicating a preference for such rights among the majority of respondents. Currently, the Education Act of 1944 allows parents to withdraw their children from religious education but does not extend this right to sex education. This ongoing debate underscores the tension between progressive educational practices and traditional family values in British society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861120_2_169.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861120.2.169,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532782000
7285,21,11,1986,"A.I.D.S. Clinic In Chch Soon (Press, 21 November 1986)","An A.I.D.S. clinic is set to open in Christchurch next week, following successful negotiations between the Aids Support Network and the Canterbury Hospital Board. A designated room in the St Andrew’s Outpatients Department on Tuam Street will be allocated for this purpose. According to Mr Ian Smith, the network's coordinator, the space will initially be utilised by a part-time counsellor for client appointments. Currently, the counsellor is seeing approximately six clients each week, who include individuals seeking pre-testing consultations and those with related concerns. The Aids Support Network has plans to expand the clinic's services in the following year. For those interested in counselling, they can reach out to the network at Christchurch 65-865 for referrals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861121_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861121.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532868400
6964,22,11,1986,"Transvestite Jailed For Stabbing Rival (Press, 22 November 1986)","On 22 November 1986, a District Court in Wellington dealt with a case involving a transvestite, Teneille Sloan St James, aged 24, who was sentenced to four months in jail for injuring another individual with intent. The incident occurred early in the morning after a night out at a nightclub, where St James, unemployed, was socialising with friends. Tensions rose between St James and another transvestite, who approached St James in a confrontational manner, leading to an argument regarding their sexual identities and breast sizes. Counsel for St James, Miss Belinda Fletcher, indicated that the complainant, who was also at the nightclub, began harassing St James. Following the harassment, St James left with friends to visit a nearby coffee bar, but the complainant followed, still in an intoxicated state and not fully in control of her faculties. The situation escalated when further arguments broke out, resulting in a physical struggle between the two parties. In the heat of the altercation, St James pulled out a knife. The court heard that the complainant sustained minor stab wounds, including one to a silicon breast, leading to St James' charges. The incident highlights the vulnerabilities and conflicts present within the LGBTQ+ community, as well as the serious implications of interpersonal disputes that can turn violent. Judge Unwin presided over the case, which became a subject under the new Criminal Justice Act, ultimately determining the sentence for St James. The case resonates with issues of safety, aggression, and the emotional turmoil experienced by individuals navigating their identities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861122_2_34_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861122.2.34.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,532954800
7860,25,11,1986,"Judge Dismisses Charges Against Publisher (Press, 25 November 1986)","On 25 November 1986, a District Court judge in Auckland dismissed charges against Lawrence Publishing Company and its director, Tony Katavich, regarding the importation of an indecent publication linked to ""Out"" magazine. The charges stemmed from a male nude calendar published by the magazine, which the judge, Mitchell, characterised as ""unwholesome"" but not necessarily harmful. He noted that while many might consider the calendar offensive, it did not meet the legal threshold of being deemed indecent due to a lack of evidence indicating it caused actual harm. In the court case, clinical psychologist Aloma Colgan provided testimony arguing that while the calendar could potentially shock young girls, it was not harmful. Colgan stated that community concerns over sexual attacks and abuse stemmed from a lack of appropriate education about sex and a poor understanding of nudity, rather than from exposure to non-violent representations of nudity. She asserted that the calendar did not depict nudity in violent contexts or encourage negative behaviour. Judge Mitchell referenced previous guidelines established by the Court of Appeal, which clarified that for a publication to be deemed indecent and warrant censorship, it must be shown to cause actual harm or have the capacity to do so. His ruling supported the principle that mere offensiveness or unwholesomeness was insufficient for legal action against the publisher. Following the judgment, Carol Douglas, a spokesperson for ""Out"" magazine, commented that the court's decision reflected the majority viewpoint in New Zealand, advocating for individual rights to select what they choose to read, view, or possess without external imposition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861125_2_140_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861125.2.140.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,533214000
7202,26,11,1986,"Toy Gun, Album Are Top Sellers (Press, 26 November 1986)","On 26 November 1986, it was reported that the Hyundai Excel auto from South Korea has been recognised as “the fastest-selling import in history” and has made it onto “Fortune” magazine's list of the top 10 products of the year in the United States. Among the other notable products featured in the list are a toy laser gun, Bruce Springsteen’s popular five-record album, and a dental rinse. “Fortune” magazine praised the innovators behind these items for their boldness and creativity. Leading the list is the American Eagle, the first gold coin minted by the United States since 1933. This initiative yielded a profit of more than US$245 million (approximately NZ$475.3 million) within two days from the initial run of 845,500 coins, which is expected to last a year. Bruce Springsteen’s album, titled “Live — 1975-1985,” achieved tremendous success, becoming the best-selling boxed album set on its release day, retailing between US$25 and US$30 (NZ$48.50 to NZ$58.20). The magazine highlighted Lazer Tag as the year's biggest toy phenomenon. The game kit, priced at US$40 (NZ$77.60), includes a light-emitting pistol and sensors to track hits, with Worlds of Inc. forecasted to generate US$40 million (NZ$77.6 million) in sales by year’s end. The Hyundai Excel is described as a “little dazzler” that is selling at a remarkable rate of about 20,000 units per month. The car is available in three models, with prices ranging from US$9,995 to US$12,445 (NZ$12,503). Hyundai anticipates selling nearly 150,000 Excels by the end of the year, rivaling sales of Ford's Thunderbirds. In the soft drink sector, Pepsi Slice emerged as the hot new product. Originally launched as a lemon-lime drink in 1985, it expanded into various flavours in 1986, achieving sales of US$1 billion (NZ$1.94 billion). Other notable products on the list include the AIDS inhibitor AZT, a drug from Burroughs Wellcome, which is currently being tested for managing the effects of the disease, and Polaroid’s Spectra instant camera, noted for its improved focus and picture quality. Additionally, there is Compaq's Deskpro 386 personal computer, Kodak's new Ultralife lithium-powered battery, and Plax, a dental rinse designed to remove significantly more bacterial plaque than traditional brushing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861126_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861126.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,533300400
6149,27,11,1986,"Complaint On 'gay’ Tv Programme Rejected (Press, 27 November 1986)","On 27 November 1986, it was reported that the Broadcasting Tribunal in New Zealand had dismissed a complaint filed by the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards concerning a television programme titled “Growing Up Gay in Godzone.” The programme, which aired on TV2 in August 1985 as part of the “Viewfinder” series aimed at young adults, featured young individuals discussing their experiences of being gay in New Zealand. Miss Patricia Bartlett, the secretary of the society, characterised the programme as a “blatant misuse and exploitation of young people” intended to promote the perspectives of the homosexual community, which she described as a “perverted lifestyle”. The society argued that the participants were merely expressing typical sexual preferences for their own sex suitable for their age, and accused the programme of bias by labelling these preferences as “perversion”. Moreover, Miss Bartlett claimed that the programme did not present a counter viewpoint, thereby distorting the discussion around homosexuality. In response, the tribunal determined that the programme neutrally explored the sentiments of young people who identify as gay, stating it did not take a pro- or anti-homosexual stance. The tribunal asserted that there was no indication of bias in the way suggested by the complainant, highlighting that multiple perspectives on human development exist and that what the society viewed as “normal and natural” is not universally applicable. The tribunal maintained that the absence of heterosexual viewpoints was acceptable, as the participants were discussing their own feelings and experiences, which is valid in its own right. Ultimately, the tribunal concluded that the programme addressed a sensitive topic with “sensitivity and perception,” indicating its recognition of the complexities involved in discussing such subjects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861127_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861127.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,533386800
7203,01,12,1986,"U.k. Comes To Grips With A.I.D.S. (Press, 1 December 1986)","In December 1986, Britain is confronting the A.I.D.S. crisis, five years after it first emerged in the United States. The media is heavily featuring A.I.D.S. in stories and editorials, emphasising the government's lack of response to what some deem ""the greatest peace-time challenge"" of their lives. In an effort to take more decisive action, the British government is launching a television advertising campaign and distributing leaflets promoting safe sexual practices to every household. These initiatives include attention-grabbing messages aimed at various demographics about the dangers of A.I.D.S. and the importance of knowledge. As of now, A.I.D.S. has claimed the lives of 284 Britons and the number of cases is reportedly doubling approximately every 10 months. Around 30,000 people are believed to be carriers of the virus, with a significant portion potentially developing the disease. In response to growing public concern, there is an increased demand for A.I.D.S. testing, highlighted by a six-to-seven-fold rise in inquiries to testing clinics according to Dr William Harris of a London hospital. Critics have pointed out that the British government's response has lagged behind that of the United States, where thousands have already succumbed to the disease. To address preventive measures, the Health Department is contemplating the distribution of free needles to drug addicts. However, despite public campaigns run by numerous charities, confusion and fear regarding transmission continue to pervade. A recent poll indicates that a substantial portion of the population supports widespread testing for A.I.D.S., with many advocating for screening all individuals entering the UK. Public anxiety was amplified during a contentious debate over the establishment of a hospice for A.I.D.S. patients in west London, given that a significant proportion of sufferers reside in that region. Health officials and charities are striving to mitigate fears, with initiatives such as helplines and pamphlets dispelling myths related to safe practices in communal settings, like receiving communion. Nonetheless, there are still recommendations advising caution, such as using gloves when serving communion to A.I.D.S. patients. The government has allocated £20 million for public education on A.I.D.S.; however, health workers assert that more funding is necessary to support hospitals coping with the increase in inquiries and testing demands. The analysis of test results is experiencing delays, as the number of samples overwhelms existing laboratory capacities. While there is some optimism regarding new medications to manage the virus, health officials maintain that the most effective preventive measures remain monogamous relationships and safe sex practices. The Social Services Minister, Norman Fowler, has reiterated this advice, which has positively influenced the market for condoms, as interest surged in companies like London International, makers of Durex. In further efforts to combat the crisis, the government is also considering lifting the ban on television advertisements for condoms, aimed at promoting awareness without worrying about social sensitivities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861201_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861201.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,533732400
6150,02,12,1986,"Parties Not Keen For By-election (Press, 2 December 1986)","Political sentiments are being influenced by personal feelings within New Zealand's main parties regarding the health of Invercargill MP Norman Jones, who is currently battling a brain tumour. This goodwill towards Jones is not solely due to his personality, which is often described as crusty, nor his conservative social views, which include strong opposition to homosexual law reform and advocacy for a more robust police force. Instead, it is primarily rooted in his honesty and representation of a bygone era characterised by simpler and more uniform values. Jones has become a symbol of resistance against the contemporary social liberalism that has taken hold in New Zealand, particularly among younger party members who view him as an outdated figure. Despite this, both National and Labour parties have shown a degree of affection for him, recognising his integrity and nostalgic appeal. His affable yet grumpy nature evokes a sense of loyalty, even among political adversaries. As Jones continues to undergo treatment, both major parties are watching closely, hoping for his recovery. Jones himself has indicated that he does not plan to resign, stating that the outcome of his treatment will determine his future. With a slender majority of only 1,400 votes, the National Party is particularly apprehensive about a potential by-election in Invercargill, as much of their support comes from Jones's personal popularity. This concern is mirrored by the Labour Party, which also wants to avoid the political risk of a by-election. The possible repercussions of a by-election could be significant. National is prepared to mount a campaign that frames the Government's actions as detrimental to the provinces, which could lead to a robust challenge to their authority. Given the stakes involved both politically and personally, there is a shared hope among party members for Jones’s recovery, as his continued presence in parliament is seen as beneficial for their interests in the Invercargill seat.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861202_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861202.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,533818800
6151,05,12,1986,"A.I.D.S. Serial May Help Understanding (Press, 5 December 1986)","Claire Bloom and Daniel Massey are featured in “Intimate Contact,” a four-part drama serial being filmed in Britain that addresses the serious and sensitive issue of A.I.D.S. The British Government has responded to the rising concern over the disease by establishing a special committee, chaired by Lord Whitelaw, to explore combat strategies. By August 1986, 246 people had died from A.I.D.S. in the UK, while the United States reported over 12,000 deaths. Projections indicate there could be 20,000 cases in the UK by 1990, with up to 40,000 individuals believed to be carriers. The American statistics are even more alarming, with an estimated 24,000 cases and around two million carriers. Interest in A.I.D.S. surged following the death of actor Rock Hudson, highlighting the disease's impact across all demographics. The film, produced by Central Television’s Zenith, takes a unique approach by focusing on the emotional and personal aspects faced by individuals who discover they are HIV carriers or have partners who are affected. Massey portrays a successful businessman who learns that he contracted A.I.D.S. from a casual encounter with a prostitute in New York, while Bloom plays his wife, who must navigate the emotional turmoil stemming from her husband's diagnosis and the societal stigma they face. Writer Alma Cullen notes the need for societal change in response to the spread of A.I.D.S., emphasising that the disease is not limited to any one demographic. Cullen, who has spent a decade as a TV scriptwriter, became interested in A.I.D.S. after reading medical articles and witnessing ignorance and intolerance at a business conference concerning the disease. She asserts that A.I.D.S. has provided a platform for some individuals to express latent hostility towards homosexuality, resulting in increased stigma towards victims. Cullen's intent with “Intimate Contact” is to foster greater understanding and tolerance for those affected by A.I.D.S., as she is aware of the isolation some of her homosexual friends have faced as the virus increasingly spread to heterosexual populations. She describes the writing process for the serial as the most challenging and intense she has ever encountered. Filming commenced in September 1986, and the serial is expected to air in Britain in the following year, aiming to shed light on a topic that is both urgent and often misunderstood.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861205_2_106_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861205.2.106.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534078000
6152,06,12,1986,"‘Gay’ Suit Settled (Press, 6 December 1986)","An 11-year-old lawsuit against Pacific Bell, accusing the telephone company of discrimination against homosexuals in hiring practices, has been settled out of court for US$3 million (NZ$6 million). The lawsuit was initiated in June 1975 by two homosexual rights groups along with six individuals, who claimed discriminatory practices by the company. Pacific Bell, however, has consistently denied these allegations. In 1980, following the ongoing legal battle, the company implemented a written policy that prohibited discrimination based on sexual orientation. Despite the settlement agreement, both parties issued a joint statement clarifying that Pacific Bell was not admitting to past discrimination. This settlement represents the largest financial resolution in the history of gay rights litigation to date.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861206_2_91_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861206.2.91.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534164400
6153,06,12,1986,"Indecency Reason Removed, Tribunal Told (Press, 6 December 1986)","On 6 December 1986, a significant legal discussion took place concerning the magazine ""Advocate Men,"" which focuses on homosexual content. The Indecent Publications Tribunal convened to assess the magazine following the recent enactment of the Homosexual Law Reform Act, which legalised consensual homosexual acts between males aged 16 and over. The tribunal's chairman, Judge Kearney, indicated that the legal status of homosexuality had removed a primary reason for deeming homosexual material indecent. During the proceedings, Mr George Ireland, representing the importer and publisher, pointed out that previous tribunal decisions had classified similar magazines as indecent due to their encouragement of illegal homosexual activities. However, with the new law in effect, that justification was no longer valid. Ireland argued that for the tribunal to classify ""Advocate Men"" as indecent, it must demonstrate that the magazine was detrimental to public good. He noted that this issue of the magazine was distinctive, mainly featuring photos of male models in leather clothing rather than the typical multiple male portfolios, which could be considered more provocative. Ireland posited that the erotic stories contained within the magazine were comparable to those found in many heterosexual publications that are assigned a restricted classification. He suggested that such a classification might be fitting due to some of the content presented in the magazine. Mr Warren Lindberg, director of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, expressed support for the availability of erotic literature that fostered a positive self-image among homosexuals. He stressed the importance of promoting safe sex practices through such publications, highlighting the potential health risks associated with covert homosexual activities. Lindberg noted that since the opening of an A.I.D.S. clinic in Auckland earlier that year, a considerable percentage of attendees identified as heterosexual while admitting to homosexual encounters. He conveyed concerns about the likelihood of high-risk behaviours in these unplanned situations, particularly around the lack of condom use. As the tribunal continued its deliberation, Judge Kearney mentioned that while a conclusion had yet to be reached, they were contemplating assigning an R18 classification to ""Advocate Men."" This case exemplified the ongoing changes and societal attitudes surrounding homosexuality and the representation of gay culture in media following the legal reforms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861206_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861206.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534164400
6765,06,12,1986,"Moors Murderer Offers To Help Farther Search (Press, 6 December 1986)","In a shocking development regarding one of Britain's most infamous criminal cases, Myra Hindley, a convicted child murderer, has expressed a willingness to assist police in the search for additional victims, more than two decades after her and her lover Ian Brady's crimes became notorious. Hindley, now aged 43 and serving a life sentence since 1966 for her role in the murders of two children, stated that a poignant letter from the mother of one of the missing children had motivated her to come forward. This mother’s distress deeply affected Hindley, prompting her to offer aid in locating the remains of Pauline Reade and Keith Bennett, both of whom vanished in the 1960s but whose bodies have never been recovered. Hindley and Brady were responsible for the infamous Moors murders, which horrified the British public. Their gruesome actions included torturing and killing Lesley Anne Downey, aged 10, and John Kilbride, aged 12, with the case continuing to evoke outrage and sadness long after it originally unfolded. Despite the passage of time, detectives have been unable to definitively close the case. In a statement from her prison cell, Hindley described herself as a ""deeply religious Roman Catholic"" and conveyed her hope for eventual forgiveness for her past actions. She mentioned that she had searched her heart and memory to assist police, which she hoped would lead people to understand the full nature of her involvement. Detective Michael Topping, who is managing the case, reported that Hindley appeared genuinely distressed by the mother's letter and demonstrated a sincere desire to help. Meanwhile, Ian Brady, aged 47 and also serving a life sentence—currently confined to a secure mental hospital—has also been in contact with the police regarding the case. Following Hindley's statement, police have resumed searching the Moorlands in Lancashire, employing specially trained dogs to detect buried remains, amid hopes that the preserved moorland peat might still hold evidence. Despite her plea to help resolve the mystery, Hindley is acutely aware of the potential public backlash and the risk it poses to her chances of parole, a subject that has remained contentious since her incarceration. Her previous attempts to gain early release have incited anger from the victims’ families and public outrage, resulting in widespread opposition to her freedom. The discourse surrounding Hindley's possible release has sparked lively debate, particularly regarding a campaign led by Lord Longford, who argues for her release, claiming she has experienced remorse. In light of her latest developments, however, Hindley acknowledges that her renewed involvement with the police may intensify public animosity toward her, thereby jeopardising her chances for a more lenient sentence. As the investigation into the Moors murders continues to unfold, the legacy of this case, which has captivated and horrified Britain, persists with renewed interest as authorities hope to bring closure to the families of the missing children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861206_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861206.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534164400
7510,08,12,1986,"‘Road Map’ Developed For A.i.d.s. Research (Press, 8 December 1986)","On 8 December 1986, Dr Leon Cooper, a Nobel Laureate and professor of physics at Brown University, announced the development of a mathematical model aimed at understanding and potentially curing AIDS. In an article published in the ""Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,"" Dr Cooper referred to his model as a “road map” for researchers tackling the complexities of AIDS. Having been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1972, Dr Cooper drew upon techniques previously employed to study more familiar viruses to create his model. Dr Cooper highlighted the intricate nature of AIDS, indicating that various research paths could be explored. His model, which took around nine months to complete, focused specifically on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the retrovirus responsible for AIDS. It not only reinforced existing assumptions about the disease but also provided explanations for some of its unusual characteristics. He explained how typical viruses infect cells by attaching to their surfaces and prompting them to produce more of the virus, often triggering a strong immune response that helps control the infection. However, retroviruses, such as HIV, uniquely attack critical components of the immune system, making it difficult for the body to fend off other infections. This leads to a situation where the virus's rapid progression outpaces the immune response, ultimately leaving the body vulnerable. Dr Cooper raised an important point about treatment strategies, suggesting that enhancing a patient’s immune system might not be beneficial for those infected with HIV. Such stimulation could inadvertently boost the virus's replication, exacerbating the infection. He acknowledged the complexity of the situation, noting the need for the immune system's products while also cautioning against stimulating it. Through his research, Dr Cooper aimed to guide AIDS researchers towards more effective avenues of investigation, potentially altering the landscape of treatment and understanding of this life-threatening disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861208_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861208.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534337200
6154,08,12,1986,"Dirty Hypo, Needles Spreading A.I.D.S. (Press, 8 December 1986)","On 8 December 1986, New Zealand's Minister of Health, Dr. Bassett, highlighted rising evidence of increased A.I.D.S. cases among heterosexual individuals who have contracted the virus through intravenous drug users. He emphasised the urgency for New Zealand to explore new measures to prevent the spread of the disease within this demographic, noting particular concern for innocent partners and unborn children who might be at risk due to the use of contaminated needles. Dr. Bassett addressed the findings of the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, which recommended implementing an exchange programme where drug users could exchange used needles for sterile ones at mobile units. Additionally, this system would connect drug users to educational resources and counselling aimed at prevention. Previously, the committee had refrained from advocating changes to drug laws, citing a lack of evidence to suggest such changes would reduce needle sharing effectively. While Dr. Bassett acknowledged some changes in needle-sharing behaviours in New Zealand, he expressed that the available data did not give a confident indication that all possible actions to combat the issue had been taken. The committee's report released indicated that, as of 6 November 1986, New Zealand had documented a total of 25 A.I.D.S. cases, with a growth pattern observed over recent years. Three cases were reported in 1984, followed by 11 in both 1985 and the current year. All reported cases were male, predominantly in the age group of 30 to 39 years. Out of the identified cases, the majority fell under the category of homosexual transmission, with only one confirmed case involving an intravenous drug user and another individual classified as a haemophiliac. The report also noted a concerning trend of ""apparently heterosexual transmission,"" suggesting that the disease was spreading beyond its traditionally recognised risk groups. It highlighted the historical context of transfusion-related A.I.D.S. cases occurring only before the implementation of routine blood screening. Finally, the report underscored the ongoing issue of needle reuse and sharing among drug users in New Zealand, indicating that despite some progress, significant challenges remained in addressing the overall public health threat posed by A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861208_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861208.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534337200
6155,10,12,1986,"Young Actor Takes Lead In ‘brighton Beach' (Press, 10 December 1986)","Young actor Antony Hodgson, at just 18 years old, is preparing to take on the role of 15-year-old Eugene Jerome in Neil Simon's play ""Brighton Beach Memoirs,"" which is set to open at the Court Theatre on 12 December 1986. Hodgson feels that his own memories of being 15 will assist him in portraying Eugene, a character defined by his intelligence—not in a boastful way, but with an approachable smile. However, Hodgson acknowledges that Eugene, who lives in 1937, has a different perspective on life compared to teenagers today. Initially, Hodgson was uncertain about wanting the role, as it seemed likely to be his depending on his performance throughout the year. But after starting rehearsals, he expressed enjoyment and credited the experienced cast with making the process easier. Coming from a musical and theatrical family, he has had a strong background in the arts, though his parents moved away from Nelson’s amateur theatre scene when he was just beginning to pursue acting at 10 years old. Hodgson's interest in theatre grew through his participation in school plays. His father, who is musically inclined and has recently taken a break to focus on trumpet playing and singing training, has long shown talent in music, while Hodgson's mother is also musical. His younger sister, Joanne, is similarly talented, excelling in oboe playing and acting. Antony’s older brother, Michael, has already made his mark at the Court Theatre’s properties department. Antony joined the Court Theatre company after an audition, which he initially approached with hesitation after a less fulfilling experience in high school. Following an interruption of his education, he worked for the Catchment Board in Nelson before pursuing acting more seriously. He started working with the Court Theatre in March 1986, marking a significant step in his theatrical career. As the youngest actor at the Court Theatre, Hodgson has taken on various roles, including small parts in ""Pravda,"" playing a homosexual son in ""Torch Song Trilogy,"" and serving as stage manager for ""Paper Towers,"" before landing the role of Eugene. His current engagement is part of a one-year studentship, which may be extended. Looking toward the future, Hodgson is determined to continue working in the theatre and is optimistic about the profession's evolving reputation in New Zealand, noting that theatre is increasingly viewed as a legitimate career rather than just a hobby. He believes that the practical training at the Court suits him better than a traditional drama school, as he reflects on his past issues with formal education. Hodgson appreciates the professional expectations placed on performances at the Court, which contrasts with the more casual atmosphere often found in student productions. Ultimately, he remains resolute in his ambition to forge a career in theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861210_2_97_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861210.2.97.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534510000
6156,11,12,1986,"Bizarre Cultists Say Queen A Drug Pusher,... (Press, 11 December 1986)","On 11 December 1986, Lyndon Larouche, a fringe political figure in the United States, continues to face significant challenges as he leads a controversial organisation labelled by some, like the Heritage Foundation, as one of the most bizarre cults in American history. Recently, Larouche's proposals have met with overwhelming rejection, including a failed ballot measure in California that sought to impose quarantine measures on A.I.D.S. victims. Additionally, his candidates in Illinois elections received minimal support, and a major law enforcement raid on his Virginia estate led to serious legal troubles for his aides, who now face credit card fraud charges. Lyndon Larouche, 64, has shifted dramatically in his ideological stance from Marxist roots in the 1970s to a far-right agenda. The National Democratic Policy Committee, which he founded, promotes a military build-up and supports President Ronald Reagan's Strategic Defence Initiative. Despite an estimated following of around 1,000 adherents, Larouche's organisation has garnered significant media attention due to its aggressive tactics and controversial claims. Among his bizarre assertions, Larouche has accused the Queen of the United Kingdom of being a drug dealer and has named former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger as a Soviet agent of influence. The political landscape has seen Larouche's candidates causing confusion within the Democratic Party. In April, two Larouchian candidates surprisingly secured nominations for significant positions in Illinois, leading to concern among Democrats who feared their association with such figures could damage their party's image. Although both candidates ultimately lost the elections, their presence on the ballot was seen as detrimental to Democratic chances, particularly impacting gubernatorial candidate Adlai Stevenson. Larouche conducts his activities from a heavily protected estate in Leesburg, Virginia, where he has acquired a publishing business and bookstore, creating a fortress-like environment. Allegations of intimidation against community members have surfaced, with opponents reporting threats and discomfort in their interactions with Larouche's followers. The federal investigation into Larouche led to a significant raid by over 275 armed law enforcement officials who seized extensive financial records from his estate. This action stemmed from a grand jury indictment that included numerous counts of fraud against Larouche's group, which allegedly defrauded thousands of contributors. Claims have emerged of deceptive fundraising tactics by Larouche's organisation, including large withdrawals from contributors' credit cards and false promises regarding loan repayments. In light of these developments, Larouche's spokesperson has vehemently denied the allegations, framing the federal actions as part of a conspiracy against him. The ongoing legal troubles and the rejections faced by his political propositions highlight the isolation of Larouche in the current political atmosphere, even as he continues to publish and promote his controversial beliefs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861211_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861211.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534596400
7511,11,12,1986,"Clean Needles For Drug Users? (Press, 11 December 1986)","On 11 December 1986, it was reported that mobile units for the exchange of needles and syringes for drug users were being established in Wellington as part of efforts to prevent the spread of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand. These units were recommended by the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, chaired by Dr Richard Meech, in a report presented to the Minister of Health, Dr Bassett. The committee highlighted that these mobile units would not only provide access to clean needles but also connect users with educational resources about A.I.D.S. While acknowledging the ethical concerns of providing drug users with needles, the committee emphasised that reducing needle-sharing was their primary objective, with a secondary focus on addressing drug use overall. They advocated for a proactive approach, rather than waiting until A.I.D.S. cases rise significantly. The mobile units would require staff experienced in the drug scene, such as personnel from drug clinics or former users, and would mandate medical supervision. The report also suggested several other recommendations, including a name change for the A.I.D.S. virus to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (H.I.V.), aligning with international standards. Furthermore, the committee recommended that educational and prevention efforts should target high-risk activities, such as needle sharing, instead of focusing solely on high-risk groups. It called for urgent funding to support education and prevention programmes and recommended against future surveys on low-risk populations regarding anti-H.I.V. prevalence. The report urged the distribution of guidelines on managing inmates in institutions, stressing the need for readily available plastic gloves and disinfectants, alongside the development of intensive H.I.V. education programs for both inmates and staff within these institutions. It indicated the mobile unit approach would require special project funding, separate from existing A.I.D.S. control or drug clinic budgets, and recommended legislative changes to the Misuse of Drugs Act for implementation. The report concluded with an assessment that A.I.D.S. infection levels in New Zealand had become clearer, with the current infection rate considered “low but significant.” The committee warned that while New Zealand might currently avoid a major A.I.D.S. epidemic, there were indicators that could change this situation. The Nurses’ Association expressed support for the needle exchange initiative. Its president, Mrs Lorraine Sivyer, argued that while such a system would not necessarily increase drug addiction rates, it might not be completely effective in reducing A.I.D.S. transmission among all users due to some addicts' tendency to share needles with partners. She stressed the importance of educational programmes accompanying the needle exchange and highlighted the need for proper supervision and potential monitoring of drug users. Mrs Sivyer also mentioned that an existing overburdened hospital system would struggle to handle an A.I.D.S. epidemic without reducing other services, making preventive measures critical for long-term healthcare sustainability.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861211_2_187.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861211.2.187,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534596400
7444,11,12,1986,"Lady Redgrave Writes Autobiography (Press, 11 December 1986)","Rachel Kempson, Lady Redgrave, reflects on her life as part of an esteemed acting dynasty in her autobiography “A Family and its Fortunes,” published in 1986. The book encompasses her experiences as a mother to accomplished actors Vanessa, Lynn, and Corin Redgrave, and as the wife of the late Sir Michael Redgrave, who passed away in 1985 after 49 years of marriage. At 76, Lady Redgrave remains unperturbed by the controversies in her family's history, acknowledging her daughter Vanessa’s strong political views and her husband’s bisexuality. Her autobiography captures her journey in the performing arts, starting with her stage debut in 1933 at Stratford-on-Avon, where she played Hero in “Much Ado About Nothing.” Coming from a background that included a headmaster and an Army captain, Lady Redgrave found her place in the theatre, feeling a sense of perfection while on stage. She married Michael Redgrave in 1936, and together they raised their children in a household immersed in the world of acting, with five of their ten grandchildren also showing interest in the craft. Despite the challenges of her husband’s infidelity, which she accepted with grace and understanding, Lady Redgrave speaks fondly of their time together. She recalls instances of Michael's affairs, including one with actress Edith Evans and another with playwright Noel Coward, both of which she managed to cope with. Throughout her narrative, she maintains a romantic view of Shakespeare and the theatre, revealing that many of her happiest moments have been on the stage in Stratford. The book also touches on the political activities of her elder children, Vanessa and Corin, who are known for their involvement with the Workers’ Revolutionary Party. Lady Redgrave expresses concern over the criticisms they face but supports their activism, stating that their socialism does not harm anyone and is not pursued for personal gain. In contrast, Lady Redgrave shares her affection for her youngest daughter, Lynn, who resides in the United States. Their bond is described as harmonious, lacking the political fervour that characterises her relationship with her elder children. Lynn is poised to star on Broadway, further extending the family's acting legacy. Lady Redgrave’s autobiography thus presents a portrait of a family deeply rooted in the arts, navigating the complexities of personal and professional lives while maintaining a profound appreciation for their shared passion for acting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861211_2_220.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861211.2.220,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534596400
6157,11,12,1986,"Orton Diaries Reveal Life’s Detritus Made... (Press, 11 December 1986)","Joe Orton, a playwright known for his provocative works, had a tumultuous life that came to a tragic end in 1967 when he was brutally murdered by his lover, Kenneth Halliwell, in their north London bedsit. Orton, who was 34 at the time of his death, had been riding a wave of success, having gained acclaim for his plays like ""Entertaining Mr Sloane,"" ""Loot,"" and ""What The Butler Saw."" However, just months before his death, he boasted about his rising fame to a friend. Following the murder, Halliwell took his own life, leaving behind a note suggesting that Orton's diaries would provide insight into their relationship. Nearly two decades later, these diaries have been published and edited by John Lahr, who had previously profiled Orton in a biography. Lahr considers the diaries to be remarkably candid and expansive, noting Orton's unique ability to transform life's trivial aspects into exceptional art. The diaries reflect Orton's unapologetic and extravagant lifestyle, filled with sexual exploits, particularly against the backdrop of London’s Swinging Sixties. Despite only writing three full-length plays in his brief career, Orton made a significant impression on British theatre, renowned for his sharp wit and combining highbrow dialogue with darkly comic and violent themes. Lahr argues that Orton reshaped the farce genre, using it as a vehicle to express broader societal critiques. However, the content of Orton's diaries often eclipsed the provocative nature of his plays, containing an unfiltered account of his sexual adventures and personal reflections during the final months of his life. Orton's increasingly detaching attitude towards Halliwell is evident in the later entries, which starkly contrast Halliwell's growing discontent and emotional turmoil stemming from jealousy and insecurity regarding Orton's fame and infidelities. Though Orton publicly acknowledged Halliwell's role as his mentor and partner, he heavily edited Halliwell out of his narrative of success. As Orton's popularity grew, Halliwell's struggles with his own literary failures became more pronounced, yet he remained largely in the shadows, unable to cope with the imbalance in their relationship. These diaries reveal Orton's disinterest in conventionality, as he lived a liberated and candid lifestyle even in the face of societal judgement. His transparency in documenting intimate encounters, including one in a public lavatory, highlights Orton's rebellion against the norms of his time. However, this same openness may have contributed to his tragic end. The chilling detail in his final diary entries documents a growing detachment from Halliwell, who was increasingly unable to handle Orton's success and infidelity, ultimately leading to the fatal clash that ended Orton's remarkable, albeit brief, life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861211_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861211.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534596400
7466,13,12,1986,"Safe Sex Advice (Press, 13 December 1986)","On 13 December 1986, a report emerged from London, detailing an archaeological discovery at Dudley Castle in the West Midlands, where researchers unearthed five condoms that date back approximately 340 years. These artefacts, believed to be the oldest known condoms in Britain, are linked to the Royalist soldiers of the Civil War era. According to Ms Stephanie Ratkai, the project finds supervisor overseeing the dig, these condoms were primarily used to prevent the transmission of venereal diseases, such as syphilis, which were known to be life-threatening at that time. Rather than being employed for family planning purposes, these condoms were used by men during extramarital affairs, often when they were uncertain about the sexual health of their partners. The condoms were discovered in the castle's old toilets and were remarkably well-preserved due to the waterlogged conditions of the ground. Made from fish and animal intestines, these historical items provide a unique insight into the sexual practices and health concerns of the past.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861213_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861213.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534769200
6158,15,12,1986,"A.I.D.S. Vaccine To Be Tried Next Year (Press, 15 December 1986)","On 15 December 1986, Stephen Weeks of Reuters reported from Geneva that a vaccine aimed at preventing the spread of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) is set to begin human trials next year. Jonathan Mann, a specialist from the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.), indicated that while initial testing on humans could commence within four to twelve months, the efficacy of the vaccine in halting the virus remains uncertain. The first human tests will involve a small group of healthy volunteers who are not infected with the A.I.D.S. virus, aimed at identifying any side effects not observed during animal trials. This initial phase is a preliminary step towards broader ""field testing"" among larger population groups. Mann noted that the United States, which has reported the highest number of A.I.D.S. cases globally, does not expect a vaccine to be publicly available for another five to seven years. He described the A.I.D.S. virus as “unlike anything ever before encountered in humans,” and mentioned that some scientists believe creating an effective vaccine may be beyond current technological capabilities. According to the latest W.H.O. statistics, there have been 36,539 reported A.I.D.S. victims worldwide, with an estimated half of them deceased, mainly due to secondary infections that the immune system would normally combat. The report highlighted concerns about the many ""silent carriers"" of the virus, particularly across Africa, Europe, and the United States, who are infected but do not show symptoms. Mann pointed out that the virus, first identified in the United States in 1981, has a prolonged incubation period before compromising the immune system. The modes of transmission are primarily through heterosexual contact in Africa and homosexual contact or the sharing of contaminated syringes among drug users in Western countries. Mann also expressed alarm regarding the response of Latin American countries to the epidemic, which he described as classic denial and minimisation of the disease's impact. Of the 13 Latin American countries, eleven reported fewer than 1,000 cases, including Guyana and Paraguay, which reported no cases at all. Mann suggested that this indicates the potential for over 100,000 infections in Latin America, asserting that actual numbers are likely significantly underestimated. As human trials for the vaccine approach, Mann anticipated that the selection process for volunteers will incite extensive political, ethical, and social debates. To address the associated issues and facilitate the testing process, W.H.O.'s A.I.D.S. control programme convened a meeting in Geneva on 15 and 16 December, with participation from representatives of ten countries, including the United States, France, Britain, West Germany, Sweden, Italy, and several African nations. This gathering aims to streamline the process of developing and testing potential vaccines against A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861215_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861215.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,534942000
6159,16,12,1986,"‘Billionaire Boys’ Play For Highest Stakes (Press, 16 December 1986)","The ""Billionaire Boys Club,"" consisting of affluent youths from prominent families in California, is at the centre of a sensational legal case involving allegations of murder, kidnapping, extortion, grand theft, and stock fraud. Founded in 1982, the club, led by 27-year-old Joe Hunt, attracted members through promises of wealth based on Hunt's supposed expertise in commodity trading and a troubling philosophical framework that blurred the lines between good and evil. Hunt exercised a charismatic influence over his fellow members, many of whom were graduates of the Harvard School in Los Angeles. With financial backing from wealthy parents, the club engaged in high-stakes investments but soon fell under scrutiny by California prosecutors. The Securities and Exchange Commission revealed that Hunt had allegedly misappropriated funds, using new investors' money to pay dividends to earlier investors, amounting to $3.2 million in losses for around 80 shareholders. In the midst of financial difficulties, Hunt's violent methods escalated. Tensions peaked with investor Ronald Levin, who was accused by Hunt of cheating him out of $8 million. In a shocking turn, Hunt and a bodyguard reportedly forced Levin at gunpoint to sign a $3 million cheque before the bodyguard killed Levin. His body has never been found, but witnesses allege that Hunt boasted about the murder afterward. Adding to the grim saga, Hunt and other members allegedly kidnapped wealthy Iranian investor Heyadat Eslaminia, with plans to extort significant family assets. However, the victim died during the abduction, leading to further criminal charges against Hunt and other members. This complex and disturbing case is expected to unfold in court over several months. Evidence presented in court includes a chilling checklist found in Levin's home, allegedly written by Hunt, detailing steps to execute the kidnapping and murder. The investigation and subsequent trials have piqued public interest, with Hollywood producers reportedly vying to adapt the harrowing story into a film. However, they have yet to meet Hunt's hefty asking price of $3 million for rights to his story. The legal proceedings promise to reveal more about the shocking lifestyle and culture of the ""Billionaire Boys Club"" and its members.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861216_2_96_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861216.2.96.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535028400
6160,16,12,1986,"Unexplained A.I.D.S. Cases Reclassified (Press, 16 December 1986)","On 16 December 1986, researchers from the United States Centres for Disease Control (CDC) reported a significant increase in the classification of AIDS cases as heterosexually transmitted. Approximately 600 previously unexplained cases were reclassified, leading to heterosexual transmissions now accounting for 4 per cent of all AIDS cases in the country. In the past year, there was a 232 per cent rise in cases among U.S.-born heterosexual individuals, with numbers moving from 120 to 279. This increase occurred amidst an overall 58 per cent rise in total AIDS cases, which stood at 28,098, with 56 per cent of those affected having succumbed to the disease. The report highlighted that the majority of AIDS cases continued to arise among homosexual men and drug users. Specifically, 66 per cent of reported cases involved homosexual or bisexual males, 17 per cent were heterosexual men and women using injectable drugs, and another 8 per cent were homosexual drug users. The report also noted that 3 per cent of cases remained unexplained, while 2 per cent involved recipients of contaminated blood. Dr. Tim Dondero, a CDC AIDS specialist, indicated that with continuing trends, heterosexual cases could account for nearly 10 per cent of all AIDS cases by 1991. The CDC’s reclassification primarily involved 571 cases from patients born outside the U.S., especially from regions such as Haiti and Central Africa, where heterosexual contact is the main transmission route. Key factors for this reclassification included the presence of other sexually transmitted infections in some patients and reported contacts with sex workers by male patients. Moreover, the CDC acknowledged the importance of tests designed to identify signs of exposure to the AIDS virus, which may prompt a revision of how the disease is classified. They indicated that some patients, who were symptomatic but did not meet the criteria for a definitive AIDS diagnosis or whose physicians opted against costly diagnostic procedures, could potentially be added to the AIDS list in the future. Despite the rising numbers, the CDC reaffirmed that no evidence suggested AIDS could be transmitted through casual contact, insect bites, or via food and water. The U.S. Government projected that by 1991, there could be as many as 270,000 reported AIDS cases, with scientists estimating that between 20 per cent and 30 per cent of the 1.5 million already infected individuals would likely develop the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861216_2_181.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861216.2.181,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535028400
6766,17,12,1986,"Art Erotica (Press, 17 December 1986)","The Manawa Gallery is hosting a Christmas group exhibition titled ""Art Erotica,"" featuring the works of 14 artists. According to gallery director Alan Chant, none of the pieces are pornographic or promote violence against women. The exhibition showcases a diverse array of perspectives on eroticism, including contributions from lesbian women and gay men, alongside mainstream artworks. The variety of media includes paintings, drawings, prints, and sculptures, aiming to capture the full spectrum of societal attitudes towards eroticism. The exhibition is set to conclude on Wednesday, December 24, 1986.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861217_2_113_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861217.2.113.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535114800
6161,18,12,1986,"Virus Group Asks For $500,000 (Press, 18 December 1986)","On 18 December 1986, the Aids Foundation in Auckland made a request to the New Zealand Government for a funding boost of $500,000. The foundation believes that this financial support is crucial for a campaign aimed at containing the spread of AIDS within the country. The foundation has identified intravenous drug use and bisexual activity as key areas for prevention education. They pointed out that a significant percentage of individuals with positive antibodies for the disease are ""closeted"" homosexual and bisexual men, presenting unique challenges for effective education and prevention initiatives. The foundation emphasises the importance of targeting these groups in their campaign efforts to effectively mitigate the spread of AIDS in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861218_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861218.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535201200
6163,19,12,1986,"Finding May Explain A.I.D.S. Among ‘gays’ (Press, 19 December 1986)","Scientists at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases have made a significant discovery regarding the A.I.D.S. virus, finding that it can infect and persist in cells from the human rectum and colon. This revelation may shed light on the high incidence of A.I.D.S. among individuals who engage in anal sex. Published in the January 1987 issue of the “Journal of Virology,” the research indicates for the first time that the virus can infect cells outside of the immune system. The researchers, including Drs Malcolm Martin and Akio Adachi, conducted their studies using cell tissue cultures, though they have not yet isolated the virus from human-colon or rectum tissues. They are in the process of acquiring samples from A.I.D.S. patients to further investigate this. Their findings suggest that infected cells in the large bowel could provide a reservoir for the virus, potentially allowing it to spread to immune system cells. Statistics indicate that approximately 70 per cent of the 28,098 A.I.D.S. cases reported in the United States are among homosexual males, a population in which many engage in anal intercourse. Health experts have suggested that the virus may enter the bloodstream of the passive partner through tissue trauma caused during anal sex. Dr Martin stated that the new research could indicate an additional route of infection tied to this behaviour, indicating that the sensitivity of colon and rectal cells to infection could be a crucial factor. For their experiments, researchers employed cancerous colon and rectal cells, as these types can be cultured for extended periods, in contrast to normal cellular forms which are difficult to maintain. They discovered that only colon and rectum cells could be infected by the A.I.D.S. virus, with the virus detected in three out of five samples tested. Previously, the virus was known to infect T-4 lymphocytes and macrophages, which are essential components of the immune system. The infection of T-4 lymphocytes leads to a compromised immune response, which is characteristic of A.I.D.S. Additionally, the researchers found that the infected colon and rectum cells produce genetic material associated with CD4, a protein not yet isolated from bowel cells but present on T-4 and other immune cells targeted by the virus. This protein is believed to facilitate the virus's ability to identify and attach itself to these target cells. The ongoing research aims to further explore the implications of these findings for understanding the transmission and infection mechanisms of A.I.D.S., particularly in relation to sexual practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861219_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861219.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535287600
6162,19,12,1986,"Mona Lisa A Self-portrait? (Press, 19 December 1986)","A computer researcher has proposed that the Mona Lisa is actually a self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci, according to “Arts and Antiques” magazine. Lillian Schwartz, a researcher at Bell Laboratories, compared a red chalk self-portrait of da Vinci to the famed painting and found striking similarities in the eyes, hairline, cheeks, and nose. Schwartz concluded that the enigmatic smile of the Mona Lisa is merely the mirror image of da Vinci’s smile in his self-portrait created in 1518. The identity of the Mona Lisa has long been debated, with the painting's peculiar characteristics adding to the mystery. Notably, the model lacks eyebrows and identifiable jewellery, wears a simple dress, and adopts an unusual pose. Da Vinci had a deep attachment to the painting; however, he never mentioned it in his journals, unlike his other artwork. After completing the portrait in 1504, da Vinci transported it with him from Florence to Milan and Rome, eventually bringing it to the court of François I in Amboise, France, where he died in 1519. The breakthrough in understanding the Mona Lisa's identity came from a new computer programme used by Schwartz, who is not only an acclaimed artist but has also won an Emmy and an Oscar for her contributions to visual arts through technology. Wick Allison, the editor and publisher of “Arts and Antiques,” stated that this discovery could be one of the most significant in art history. He noted that it aligns perfectly with the known details of da Vinci's life and historical context concerning the painting. The magazine further suggested that da Vinci's inclination towards androgynous subjects, potentially influenced by his sexual orientation, might explain the more ambiguous aspects of the Mona Lisa. As a multi-talented individual who was not just a painter but also an inventor and scientist, da Vinci was known for his interest in optical tricks, including writing in reverse to create reflections. This aligns with the innovative approach he may have taken when creating the iconic painting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861219_2_65_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861219.2.65.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535287600
6164,22,12,1986,"A.I.D.S. Epidemic “world’s Worst Crisis"" (Press, 22 December 1986)","On 22 December 1986, Russell Rollason, the executive director of the Australian Council for Overseas Aid, declared that the A.I.D.S. epidemic ravaging Africa was the most severe crisis the world currently faces. His remarks followed discussions regarding foreign aid cuts with Australian Foreign Minister Mr Hayden, who is set to visit Africa in February 1987. Rollason expressed concern over the dire situation in Africa, stating, “I certainly wouldn’t like to be in Mr Hayden’s shoes going to Africa at this time,” highlighting the urgent need for aid in light of the A.I.D.S. crisis. Rollason provided alarming statistics about the epidemic's impact in Africa, specifically referencing Kinshasa, the capital of Zaire, where the population is around three million. He warned that predictions suggest the city may lose a third of its population by the end of the century due to A.I.D.S. In Zambia, he noted that 50 per cent of the army is affected, and in Nairobi, a staggering 90 per cent of sex workers are impacted by the disease. Additionally, he mentioned that children suffering from congenital A.I.D.S. are being buried daily in various villages across the continent. While A.I.D.S. has been predominantly associated with the homosexual community, Rollason stressed that it is a widespread issue affecting various demographics, including intravenous drug users, heterosexuals, and individuals receiving blood transfusions. The World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) has categorised Africa, along with Australia, Europe, and both North and South America, as regions experiencing significant endemic or epidemic outbreaks related to the disease. Since the identification of A.I.D.S. in 1981, nearly 33,000 cases have been reported globally, predominantly in the United States, according to W.H.O. data compiled in October of that year. Rollason's statements serve as a stark reminder of the growing urgency to address the epidemic, as communities worldwide grapple with its devastating effects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861222_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861222.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535546800
6165,23,12,1986,"Immune System May Offer A.I.D.S, Answer (Press, 23 December 1986)","On 23 December 1986, researchers reported advancements in the search for potential treatments to prevent AIDS, focusing on two experimental approaches. The first method involves a synthetic protein named ""peptide T"", being studied by United States Government scientists. This protein is thought to mimic the AIDS virus, effectively blocking it from latching onto its target cells in the immune system and brain. According to ""New Scientist"" magazine, the application of this peptide could lead to receptor cells becoming saturated, which would help eliminate the virus from the body over time. Simultaneously, scientists in San Francisco have unveiled findings that indicate the possibility of the human immune system itself overpowering the virus. Notably, Jay Levy from the University of California conducted experiments with three healthy homosexual men, revealing that they possessed antibodies against the AIDS virus without showing any symptoms of the disease. By manipulating the white blood cells in these cultures, Levy discovered that upon removing certain suppressor cells, the virus levels increased, suggesting these cells play a crucial role in controlling the virus's proliferation. Reintroducing the suppressor cells resulted in a suppression of the virus, leading the researchers to believe that these cells might produce a substance that interferes with the virus’s activity. The significance of these findings is underscored by the fact that approximately 70 percent of individuals who carry the AIDS virus either do not develop the illness or only exhibit mild symptoms. This observation has been a driving force behind the current research efforts, as it suggests that many may have a natural defense mechanism against the disease. Researchers are optimistic that these strategies could lead to effective methods for preventing or controlling AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861223_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861223.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535633200
6767,27,12,1986,"Manners Makeyth Woman If Men Are Polite Again (Press, 27 December 1986)","In a piece published in the London “Daily Telegraph” on 27 December 1986, John Gaskell reflects on the state of polite behaviour in contemporary society, particularly in Britain. He shares an experience on the London Underground, where he offered his seat to a woman carrying shopping, only to be met with her refusal and a frosty response. This incident leads him to ponder the ongoing struggle between traditional manners and a more brutal, modern reality. He references Reverend Ian Gregory, who has voiced similar concerns about declining civility. At a sermon in September in Newcastle under Lyme, Staffordshire, Gregory proposed the formation of a ""Polite Society,"" aimed at combatting the increasing boorishness he perceives in society. His comments resonated with many who wrote to him, expressing relief that they were not alone in their disdain for the decline of manners and civility. Encouraged by the response he received, Gregory started a newsletter for the society, which garnered interest from over 600 individuals, including an entire primary school eager to formulate a junior code of courtesy. While Gaskell finds this initiative commendable, he critiques the Polite Society’s code of conduct for lacking a call for bravery, which he believes is necessary to uphold resolutions of courtesy. The code promotes values such as kindness, consideration, and chivalry but overlooks that bravery is often essential for maintaining these standards in a challenging environment. Gregory also shares his views on gender equality and manners, asserting that the push for equality among women might undermine their traditional roles of gentleness and compassion. He insists that courtesy must be maintained regardless of changing gender dynamics and suggests that women should be encouraged to embrace their unique qualities again. Gaskell, however, indicates that such comments may lack the proper nuance required in conversations about manners and civility. Overall, Gaskell's commentary captures a broader dialogue about the importance of politeness in society and the challenges faced in fostering such behaviour amidst evolving social norms. The discussion invokes both nostalgia for past structures of civility and a critique of present-day interactions, framing the quest for etiquette as a response to perceived societal decay.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861227_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861227.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535978800
6166,27,12,1986,"The Press Saturday, December 27, 1986. A.I.D.S. At... (Press, 27 December 1986)","On 27 December 1986, it was reported that the New Zealand Government’s special advisory committee on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has recommended easing restrictions on the possession of syringes and needles. This recommendation is driven by the need to address the spread of AIDS, primarily transmitted through shared use of dirty needles among intravenous drug users. The committee advocates for a needle exchange programme to facilitate drug addicts in swapping used needles for sterile ones to mitigate contamination risks. The Minister of Health, Dr Bassett, has shown hesitation regarding this recommendation, expressing concern that such measures might contribute to increased drug abuse. However, evidence from the Netherlands, where a needle exchange scheme was implemented two years prior, does not support this fear, indicating no significant rise in drug use. The committee emphasises that drug availability, rather than the availability of needles, is the primary driver of drug abuse. The focus on needle accessibility should not outweigh the urgent need to control the AIDS epidemic, which remains incurable. Furthermore, the advisory committee warns that AIDS could extend beyond its current demographics—homosexuals, intravenous drug users, and sex workers—effecting broader segments of society, including haemophiliacs, newborns, and health professionals, who could contract the virus through unexpected means. The priority, they argue, should be reducing the number of individuals who contract AIDS to protect the general population. The article criticises both Dr Bassett and the advisory committee for their ambiguous language, which tends to dilute the perception of intravenous drug users as a public health risk. It argues that the focus should solely be on the health of the broader community rather than on preserving the notions of drug users’ identities. An effective needle exchange programme could also direct more drug users towards rehabilitation, hence benefiting public health overall. Currently, the incidence of AIDS among drug users in New Zealand appears low, with a reported singular case involving a concurrent homosexual drug user and a few others testing positive. However, surveys indicate that a significant majority of intravenous drug users share needles. If the AIDS virus were to infiltrate this population, the potential for rapid transmission is substantial. Statistics reveal that drug abuse accounts for a notable percentage of AIDS cases in both the United States and the United Kingdom. New Zealand is presented with an opportunity to prevent a similar situation from developing domestically. The advisory committee strongly advocates taking proactive measures to head off an impending health crisis before it manifests within the intravenous drug user community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19861227_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19861227.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,535978800
6768,03,01,1987,"Black Leader To Make U.k. History (Press, 3 January 1987)","Diane Abbott, a Labour Party candidate set to become potentially the first black woman Member of Parliament in Britain, presents a contrasting image to the public perception crafted around her. Often labelled as “a police hater” and “militant,” Abbott is, in reality, a lively, articulate individual with a strong middle-class accent and an upbeat demeanour. She insists that her top priority is to serve as an effective representative for all constituents in Hackney North rather than engage in combat against the political system. At 33 years old, Abbott expresses optimism about the progress of black representation in Britain, highlighting the fact that she is part of a generation making strides in this area. After defeating the long-standing MP Ernie Roberts to secure her candidacy, Abbott expects to join fellow black Labour MPs in promoting black interests in Parliament for the first time. Her campaign has met with positive reactions from the local electorate, many of whom see her as a promising candidate who is much less extreme than some reports have suggested. Abbott’s background reflects her determination and resilience; born to Jamaican immigrant parents, she excelled in academics and gained admission to Cambridge University, where she was the first black working-class woman. She later served as a civil service trainee and joined the National Council of Civil Liberties, confronting the complexities of race relations in a professional context that felt insincere to her. Following her work in various roles, including as a public relations officer for Lambeth Borough Council, notorious for its extreme leftist views, she is now poised for a political career that excites her. Despite her eagerness to join Parliament, Abbott expresses discomfort with the ""pomposity"" often associated with politicians, rejecting the notion of conforming to the traditional grey-suited image. Her character is somewhat mischievous, and while she has faced backlash for a light-hearted comment regarding her personal life, she stands firm that her experiences are valid and reflective of working-class perspectives. As she prepares to take on her role in the House of Commons, Abbott remains grounded, recognising the significance of her position yet striving to retain her authenticity and connection to her roots. This new chapter marks not only a personal milestone for her but also a significant moment for representation within British politics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870103_2_140_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870103.2.140.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,536583600
7697,07,01,1987,"A.i.d.s. Advertising Stirs Backlash Among... (Press, 7 January 1987)","In January 1987, a UK government campaign aimed at reducing the spread of the A.I.D.S. virus faced backlash from religious communities and conservative politicians. The initiative, introduced by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, invested £60 million in advertisements encouraging the public to limit their sexual partners and utilise condoms. This proactive approach emerged in response to alarming projections indicating that A.I.D.S. could claim up to 40,000 lives annually in Britain by the 1990s. The campaign's neutral stance regarding morality was overtly displayed by the BBC, which adopted the slogan “Play Safe” for a weeklong radio campaign featuring programmes and hourly bulletins. This initiative, however, incited significant criticism from religious leaders and right-wing figures who felt that A.I.D.S. should be addressed through a return to traditional moral values, as suggested by the Church of England’s Board for Social Responsibility. The statistics at that time noted around 600 reported A.I.D.S. victims in Britain, with 296 fatalities, and projections indicating 1,300 new cases in 1987, rising to 3,000 in 1988. One of the most vociferous critics was Chief Constable James Anderton of Manchester, who, while also a lay preacher, condemned the campaign’s approach to sexual behaviour. He characterised individuals at risk of A.I.D.S. as ""degenerates"" and questioned why homosexual practices were not actively scrutinised in society. His comments were supported by senior religious figures who argued for a messaging shift towards chastity over condom usage, with the Archbishop of York labelling sexual promiscuity as both morally and medically perilous. The response from the government, articulated by Social Services Secretary Norman Fowler, highlighted a pressing need to combat A.I.D.S. without entering moral debates, asserting that the disease poses a significant public health risk. Ironically, while Thatcher had previously critiqued the permissive society and advocated for stricter controls over sexual content in media, members of her Conservative government expressed concern about potentially alienating those whose habits needed reform. Despite the moral implications surrounding A.I.D.S., officials, including junior Agriculture Minister John Gummer, emphasised the need to differentiate between condemning the actions associated with the disease and the individuals affected by it. The unfolding dialogue reflected a deep societal division on the issues of sexuality, health, and moral responsibility during a critical time in the fight against the A.I.D.S. epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870107_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870107.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,536929200
7467,09,01,1987,"‘Safe Sex’ Campaign Launched (Press, 9 January 1987)","On 9 January 1987, the British Government initiated a contentious national leaflet campaign to raise awareness about the dangers of A.I.D.S. The campaign explicitly urged individuals to use condoms if they cannot limit their number of sexual partners. Accompanying television advertisements commenced the same day, and the leaflets aim to reach 23 million households by the end of the following week. In Britain, there have been six hundred reported A.I.D.S. cases, with three hundred fatalities. A government study has suggested a troubling projection for the future, estimating 1,300 deaths due to the virus in 1987, with figures rising to 3,000 in 1988 and potentially reaching 40,000 by the year 2000 if the virus's spread is not curbed. This £20 million (approximately $56 million) awareness campaign has sparked controversy, as some politicians and religious figures criticise it for seeming to condone extramarital sex rather than promoting traditional values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870109_2_54_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870109.2.54.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537102000
6167,09,01,1987,"Coalition To Hit Labour On Moral Grounds (Press, 9 January 1987)","On 9 January 1987, it was reported that the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, an apolitical group, has explicitly targeted seven Labour Party members of Parliament from Christchurch for opposition due to their support of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill passed the previous year. These members are now in the crosshairs of the coalition, which plans to galvanise the 835,000 signatories of a petition opposing the bill in efforts to unseat them in the upcoming elections. Joe Simmons, the coalition’s national executive chairman based in Christchurch, reaffirmed the group’s claim of being apolitical, stating that it would evaluate candidates based on their moral values rather than their political affiliations. Consequently, while some National Party MPs might evade the coalition's scrutiny, the focus will predominantly remain on Labour candidates. In the coalition’s communication, particularly the December “Coalition Courier,” Simmons warned of the consequences of re-electing Labour, suggesting that they have initiated a trend towards moral decay, which could further worsen if they remain in power. Simmons indicated that it would be challenging for Labour candidates to gain support, as most have backed the controversial Law Reform Bill. He specifically noted the lack of party democracy within Labour, which would hinder coalition-supported candidates from succeeding in selections. The coalition has ruled out the formation of a new political party or running independent candidates, suggesting that supporters should rather align with the National Party or possibly the Democratic Party. While Simmons did not disclose specific numbers regarding the coalition's presence in Christchurch electorates, he mentioned growing support in areas such as Lyttelton, Christchurch North, Avon, St Albans, and Yaldhurst, which are currently represented by Labour MPs with secure majorities. Nonetheless, there is optimism within the National Party regarding their chances in Yaldhurst and Lyttelton in the upcoming elections. Strong backing for the coalition appears to be present within the National Party's Avon electorate, where Mr Warren Smith is the lone candidate nominee. Simmons expressed confidence in the ability to support Smith, as well as James Bacon, the candidate for Yaldhurst. Contrarily, Mr Graham Johnstone, secretary of the Canterbury-Westland division of the National Party, dismissed the notion that the party had been influenced by the coalition or similar “moral majority” groups. While he acknowledged the influx of members from these groups, he maintained that their impact on the Canterbury-Westland division, which comprises over 30,000 members, is minimal. The Coalition of Concerned Citizens, established in late 1984, opened an office in central Christchurch last year, sharing space with other similar organisations such as the Integrity Centre and the Temperance Alliance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870109_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870109.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537102000
6168,10,01,1987,"For Safe Sex It’s Back To Boswell—and The... (Press, 10 January 1987)","On 10 January 1987, Britain's Social Services Minister Norman Fowler stressed the importance of safe sex, urging individuals to either remain monogamous or use condoms if they cannot. The British Government is contemplating lifting a ban on condom advertisements on television due to rising concerns and fatalities linked to AIDS. This societal shift has led to comparisons between the current crisis and the historical context of condom use. Colin Smith from the London ""Observer"" noted that the practice of condom use for protection against sexually transmitted diseases is not new, referencing James Boswell’s ""London Journal"" from the 18th century. Boswell’s diary entries reveal that he engaged in sexual activities while employing ""armour"" or condoms, albeit with a lack of knowledge about their effectiveness. Boswell’s experiences highlight an era when trust in sexual partners could lead to negative health outcomes, similar to the fears surrounding AIDS today. The history of condoms spans approximately 2,000 years, with examples from ancient Roman and Chinese practices. Early condoms were made from materials such as animal bladders and silk. The terminology surrounding condoms remains unclear, though one theory suggests that the term “condom” might derive from a physician associated with Charles II or possibly from the French town of Condom. By the late 18th century, the first commercial production of gut condoms began in London. The London Rubber Company (LRC), which is primarily known for producing condoms such as Durex, has evolved since its establishment in 1916. The introduction of vulcanised rubber facilitated the mass production of these preventive devices. During World War II, condoms were distributed to British soldiers, ostensibly to keep gun barrels dry, while later developments included the lubricated condom and those with spermicidal lubricants in the 1970s. Despite these advances, usage of condoms has seen a decline in Britain, with only about 1.3 million users compared to the nearly 3 million who rely on the Pill. The once-popular condom has suffered from a dated image, perceived as unappealing by younger generations, leading the LRC to design colourful, novelty condoms in an attempt to modernise their market appeal. The company, located in the Walthamstow area, is notable for its large production process and rigorous quality testing. Staff members check the condoms’ durability by inflating batches until they burst and assessing their elastic properties. While LRC acknowledges the potential to contribute to AIDS prevention efforts, it operates under strict regulations regarding advertisement and public visibility. The British Government plans to launch a campaign to educate the public about AIDS and promote condom use, yet the company remains cautious about projecting high profits from a possible surge in demand, signalling a slower public uptake of condom usage in the wake of the ongoing epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870110_2_111_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870110.2.111.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537188400
6169,12,01,1987,"The Press Monday, January 12, 1987. Hijacking An... (Press, 12 January 1987)","On 12 January 1987, the Coalition of Concerned Citizens announced its intention to influence the upcoming General Election in New Zealand by promoting a conservative agenda. The coalition aims to encourage voters to punish Members of Parliament (M.P.s) who supported recent homosexual law reform, seek the removal of other M.P.s who are perceived as socially liberal, and replace them with politicians who align with the coalition's conservative values. This strategy reflects a desire to impose a specific moral framework on the electorate. While acknowledging that political action is vital in a democracy, concerns were raised about the potential for the coalition's single-issue focus to detract from broader political discourse. The pressing issue at the heart of the coalition's campaign—homosexual law reform—has already been settled in Parliament, leading to fears that this singular focus could foster ""tunnel vision"" among voters and result in a government that neglects other significant economic, social, and political issues. The article pointed to the risks associated with single-issue politics, noting that they can skew electoral importance away from the diverse and multifaceted issues voters must consider. The coalition's campaign could destabilise the political landscape by polarising votes and fostering an atmosphere of instability. This instability is expected to have significant repercussions for the current Labour Government, which is primarily targeted by the coalition for its perceived liberal members. However, the National Party may also face significant challenges. A spokesman for the coalition claimed that its supporters have ""penetrated significantly"" into the National Party, raising concerns that this influence could push the party towards a more reactionary and narrow political stance. If successful, such an ideological shift could severely undermine the party's long-term viability, leading to a period of confusion and instability as both voters and political entities adjust to the evolving landscape. The discussion is underscored by a broader commentary on the importance of encompassing more varied political considerations in decision-making by the electorate. The potential for a coalition-led disruption of the existing political order may lead to far-reaching changes in New Zealand’s political dynamics as parties contend with the ramifications of this concentrated conservative push.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870112_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870112.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537361200
6965,13,01,1987,"Attack On Transvestite Followed By Shooting (Press, 13 January 1987)","On the weekend of 10-11 January 1987, a series of violent incidents occurred at a house in Waltham, involving a transvestite who had been beaten and robbed. Earlier on Saturday evening, the victim was attacked by two men who forcibly entered her home on Lancaster Street, where they assaulted her with a metal bar. As a result of the assault, she sustained significant injuries, requiring 14 stitches to her head, alongside bruises on her body and knee. The assailants made off with hormone tablets and other belongings. The following morning, on 11 January, shots were fired from a shotgun at the front door of the same house, suggesting a possible connection between the two events. Detective Senior-Sergeant Colin Dalzell stated that the police were treating both incidents as linked and were pursuing strong leads in the investigation. After the shooting, witnesses reported seeing a car with three occupants leaving the area. The police’s focus on these incidents highlights ongoing concerns regarding violence and crime in the community during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870113_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870113.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537447600
6170,13,01,1987,"Nats Doubt Coalition’s Nerve (Press, 13 January 1987)","In a public statement made on 13 January 1987, Dr Ross Armstrong, chairman of the National Party's Auckland division, dismissed the Coalition of Concerned Citizens' threats to support an alternative candidate against Deputy-Leader Mr Gair in the North Shore electorate. This response follows Mr Gair's controversial vote in favour of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill last year, which had angered the coalition, described as a moral majority group. Barry Reed, the coalition’s national spokesman, indicated that they would back a yet-to-be-determined candidate who aligned with their moral values. However, Dr Armstrong countered this claim, expressing confidence that the coalition would not have the courage to act on it. He suggested that the coalition's assertions of having infiltrated 10 percent of the National Party should not be taken seriously, as known party activists affiliated with the coalition were quick to deny any connections when questioned. Dr Armstrong further stated that the introduction of a rival candidate would jeopardise any potential alliance between the coalition and the National Party, emphasising the party's rules that prohibit members from associating with organisations that oppose National candidates. Such an emergence would prompt the party's national executive to consider expelling coalition members who are also part of the National Party, although he acknowledged the difficulty of enforcing this since the coalition lacked formal membership structures. Reed challenged the idea of coalition supporters within the party, questioning what harm could come from advocating for moral positions and asserting that Mr Gair's stance was incorrect. He noted that Mr Gair was one of three National MPs who supported the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. Although Reed did not confirm whether the coalition would challenge the other two MPs, he stated that they would focus on one conflict at a time. Two National Party candidates based in Christchurch have received support from the coalition, yet both candidates have denied any formal ties to it. Mr James Bacon, the candidate for Yaldhurst, revealed that he had previously edited a book published by the coalition, which had led to their support for him. He insisted that this was the extent of his engagement with the coalition. Similarly, Mr Warren Smith, the candidate for Avon, stated that he supported any group that advocated for family values or against perceived moral decline but also confirmed he had no formal connections with the coalition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870113_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870113.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537447600
6171,14,01,1987,"Moral Coalition ‘anti-labour’ (Press, 14 January 1987)","On 14 January 1987, Deputy Prime Minister Mr Palmer commented on the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, labelling it as an anti-Labour group that is attempting to present itself as Christian. Palmer expressed skepticism regarding the coalition's impact on the upcoming General Election, stating that their claims of being apolitical were dubious given their evident anti-Labour stance. He compared them to the Moral Majority movement in the United States, suggesting that they lack genuine Christian virtues such as tolerance. Emphasising the Labour Party's commitment to moral principles such as compassion and support for the vulnerable, Palmer asserted that the coalition does not hold a monopoly on moral issues. Tensions escalated when the National Party threatened to expel coalition supporters, prompting a strong response from the coalition's national spokesman, Mr Barry Reed. Reed warned that such an action could result in National losing the election, as he highlighted the coalition's significant support, referencing a petition that had garnered over 750,000 signatures opposing homosexual law reform. This petition was particularly relevant to the coalition's strategy, as they aimed to contest National’s deputy leader, Mr George Gair, who had supported the reform. Additionally, Mr Craig Young, a researcher studying the coalition for his master's thesis at the University of Canterbury, concurred with Palmer's assessment that the coalition had exaggerated its political significance. Young noted that the coalition's focus on homosexuality and single-issue populism might backfire, possibly galvanising opposition against them. By aligning closely with the National Party, the coalition could unwittingly provide the Labour Party with a clear target for their campaign. Young pointed out that the coalition suffers from a lack of intellectual engagement and draws its ideological approach from the American Moral Majority, a movement that has been unsuccessful in New Zealand politics since 1983. He challenged the coalition's assertions about their ability to mobilise the 835,000 signatories of the anti-homosexual reform petition, questioning both the actual number of voters who signed and the current level of their commitment to the issue. In summary, Palmer and Young both cast doubt on the Coalition of Concerned Citizens' influence in the impending election, labelling it as an extreme right-wing group with potential weaknesses in its appeal and strategy within the wider political landscape of New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870114_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870114.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537534000
7286,15,01,1987,"Chch A.I.D.S. Clinic (Press, 15 January 1987)","A new A.I.D.S. clinic is set to be established in Christchurch within the month at the St Andrew’s Outpatient Department on Tuam Street. This development follows the acceptance of an offer by the Canterbury Hospital Board to provide a room for the clinic, as informed to the health services committee. Ian Smith, the coordinator for the A.I.D.S. Support Network, stated that some modifications are needed to the room before the clinic can commence operations. Specifically, partitions are required to create two counselling rooms, a reception area, and a storage space. In the meantime, the Support Network plans to continue its work by accommodating clients wherever possible until the new clinic opens. Additionally, the A.I.D.S. Support Network is actively searching for new office premises, as their current location on High Street is inadequate. Mr Smith mentioned that they are looking for a larger room, ideally with some smaller rooms attached.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870115_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870115.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537620400
6966,15,01,1987,"Man Gives Himself Up (Press, 15 January 1987)","On 14 January 1987, a 19-year-old man turned himself in to the police regarding an incident involving an attack on a transvestite in Waltham that occurred the previous Saturday. Following his surrender, he is facing charges of assault with intent to injure, and is set to appear in the District Court. Notably, no firearm-related charges have been filed in connection with the case. Additionally, the police have confirmed that they are not pursuing any other suspects related to the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870115_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870115.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,537620400
6172,22,01,1987,"Now 34 A.I.D.S. Cases In N.Z. (Press, 22 January 1987)","As of January 1987, the total number of reported A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand has reached 34, according to the Health Department. Dr Arvind Patel, the assistant director for communicable diseases, noted that one new case has already been reported this year, adding to the 19 cases recorded in 1986, 11 in 1985, and three in 1984. Among these cases, only one victim is a woman. The majority of cases are concentrated in the Auckland region, which holds 22 cases, followed by Wellington, Napier, New Plymouth, and Christchurch, each with two cases, and one case in Takapuna, Rotorua, and Timaru. The data reveals that most of the A.I.D.S. sufferers, specifically 18 individuals, fall within the 30 to 39 age bracket. In addition, eight cases are in the 40 to 49 age group, five in the 20 to 29 range, and three in the 50 to 59 group. A significant portion of the affected population is believed to be homosexual, with 27 cases linked to this group. Other demographics include one case that is both homosexual and an intravenous drug user, one haemophiliac, and five cases with unknown backgrounds. Official records indicate that six individuals have succumbed to the disease, although Dr Patel suggests the actual figure could be higher. The department has reached out to district offices for updates on A.I.D.S. related deaths. Furthermore, it is suspected that two individuals diagnosed with A.I.D.S. in New Zealand have since returned to the United States. Dr Patel provided additional insights, estimating that around 203 people are A.I.D.S. antibody-positive, meaning they carry the virus but are currently healthy. However, this number may include repeat tests. The breakdown of these antibody-positive cases shows limited information on risk categories, with data missing for 93 of the tests. Specifically, 78 of these individuals are homosexual, 21 are haemophiliacs, one is an intravenous drug user, and four are believed to have contracted the virus through blood transfusions. Out of the total antibody-positive cases, eight are female, and 186 are male, with others classified as unknown. Dr Patel emphasized the importance of tracking these figures, as they signify ongoing transmission from the past. He underscored the need for continued vigilance in prevention efforts, stating that A.I.D.S. should not be perceived as exclusively a gay disease, highlighting an impending concern for women as well. He called for increased funding aimed at A.I.D.S. prevention and advocated for a comprehensive educational approach to combat the issue, insisting that it goes beyond just medical considerations. In response to the rising figures, Bill Logan, a spokesperson for the Gay Taskforce, noted that while the increase was expected, the current numbers are significantly lower than earlier projections that predicted the total could double every six months. Logan credited effective education and increased awareness, particularly around safer sexual practices, for this relatively lower figure of 34 reported cases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870122_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870122.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,538225200
7512,27,01,1987,"A.i.d.s. Virus Now Known As Hiv (Press, 27 January 1987)","On 27 January 1987, it was announced that the killer virus associated with A.I.D.S. would officially be renamed HIV in advertising campaigns by the Health Department starting in March. While the public had commonly referred to the virus as A.I.D.S. or acquired immunity deficiency syndrome, medical authorities are adopting the term HIV, which stands for human immuno deficiency virus. This change comes in alignment with recommendations from the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses, and New Zealand's Health Department intends to adopt this internationally recognised terminology, according to Len Walden, the assistant manager of health protection programmes. It is important to note that the term A.I.D.S. will still be used to describe the clinical condition affecting individuals who have contracted the HIV infection. However, not everyone exposed to the HIV virus will develop A.I.D.S. The existing A.I.D.S. education programme, which has a budget of NZ$180,000, is set to conclude at the end of February, after which a new campaign using the HIV nomenclature will be developed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870127_2_100.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870127.2.100,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,538657200
6173,27,01,1987,"Norman Jones Returns Home (Press, 27 January 1987)","On 27 January 1987, Mr Norman Jones, the Invercargill member of Parliament, left Dunedin Hospital after a successful treatment for an inoperable brain tumour. He had been in the hospital since late November 1986, undergoing six weeks of radiotherapy. Accompanied by his wife, Marjory, who had been staying by his side during his treatment, Mr Jones expressed his relief and optimism, stating that he felt ""on top of the world."" He reported significant progress in his health, asserting, ""I’m fixed up now. I feel 100 per cent, much better than I have for months,"" and described himself as “one of the success stories” of the treatment. During his hospital stay, medical professionals monitored his condition closely. Mr Jones revealed that recent scans indicated the tumour had reduced to less than half its original size, prompting his feeling of triumph as he was discharged. He confirmed his intention to continue serving his term in Parliament and expressed a desire to introduce a private member’s bill aimed at repealing the Homosexual Law Reform Act. Additionally, he voiced his opposition to police sponsorship, advocating for free access to police protection, as well as education and healthcare services. Dr S. N. Bishara, head of the neurosurgery department at Dunedin Hospital, acknowledged Mr Jones's positive response to treatment, noting that while the tumour was currently ""under good control,"" the prognosis remained cautious. He emphasized that although the improvement was considerable, it did not equate to a permanent cure, indicating that the tumour could potentially regain its aggressive nature in the future. Overall, Mr Jones's release from the hospital marked a significant moment in his battle against cancer, showcasing not only a personal victory for him but also a commitment to his political responsibilities. His positive attitude and determination to address legislative issues highlighted his focus on both his health journey and his role as a public servant.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870127_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870127.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,538657200
6174,28,01,1987,"A.I.D.S. Underestimated? (Press, 28 January 1987)","A report from Wellington discusses concerns about the under-reporting of A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand. An anonymous individual with an A.I.D.S.-related condition claims that the actual number of victims could be significantly higher than the 35 cases reported to the Health Department since 1983. He believes that many cases go unreported, indicating that the real figure may be double the current tally. Dr Arvind Patel, assistant director for communicable diseases at the Health Department, expressed skepticism about the suggestion of significant under-reporting. He noted that while his data might have delays of a few months, most doctors are aware of their legal obligation to report cases promptly. He also pointed out that notification systems are in place to maintain confidentiality, meaning patient identities remain anonymous in reports. Dr Patel doubted that diagnosed cases in hospitals would fail to be reported, although he acknowledged potential administrative delays in processing notifications. The Health Department lacks precise statistics on A.I.D.S. fatalities because of the absence of a systematic notification protocol, but they are actively seeking information from district offices. Dr Patel clarified that the available statistics serve primarily to indicate trends, either upward or downward, in disease incidence. Phil Parkinson, a spokesperson for the A.I.D.S. Network, remarked that similar under-reporting has been observed in the United States, where up to 30 per cent of cases may not be officially recorded. He further noted that the clinical definition of A.I.D.S. had been revised the previous year, potentially contributing to an increase in reported cases. Parkinson also referenced recent findings from the Centre for Disease Control in Atlanta, which suggested that saliva might inhibit the A.I.D.S. virus. However, only a few cases are thought to have been transmitted through saliva, and there is emerging hope that further research could demonstrate the oral transmission risk to be low or non-existent. Additionally, a recent survey conducted by the A.I.D.S. Network revealed that a small number of homosexual individuals continue to engage in high-risk behaviours associated with the disease. Overall, the report underscores the complexities surrounding the reporting of A.I.D.S. cases and the pressing need for accurate data to understand the true scale of the disease in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870128_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870128.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,538743600
7204,28,01,1987,"Approval Sought For A.I.D.S. Drug (Press, 28 January 1987)","I.C.N. Pharmaceuticals, a U.S. drug company, is seeking to distribute its anti-AIDS drug, ribavirin, with plans to have it available for general use within months, according to company chairman Milan Panic. The firm has submitted a preliminary application to the United States Food and Drug Administration (F.D.A.) for limited distribution of ribavirin by the U.S. Government, and Mr Panic indicated that they hope to receive clearance within two to four weeks. A more comprehensive application for general use is set to be submitted in March, which could take three to six months for approval. In addition to the U.S. application, I.C.N. plans to pursue the drug's approval in other countries almost immediately. The F.D.A. has recently authorised selective distribution of another AIDS drug, A.Z.T., produced by Borroughs Wellcome, which is a subsidiary of the London-based Wellcome P.L.C. Roberts Smith, a director at I.C.N. and a biochemistry professor involved in ribavirin's development, noted that the F.D.A. would prioritise the company's application, although he cautioned that approval was not guaranteed. On January 9, I.C.N. announced positive results from tests conducted on 163 patients experiencing lymphadenopathy, a preliminary infection of the lymph nodes caused by the HIV virus. However, the company faced criticism from American AIDS patient and research organisations for potentially raising false hopes with inconclusive test results. Ribavirin and A.Z.T. serve different purposes in the treatment of AIDS; ribavirin aims to halt the progression of the disease in individuals at early stages of infection, while A.Z.T. addresses the symptoms of AIDS without eradicating the virus itself. The World Health Organisation has reported that AIDS has claimed 38,401 lives globally, with around half of those cases resulting in death. The United States accounts for approximately three-quarters of the reported cases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870128_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870128.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,538743600
7445,28,01,1987,"Boy George Scores Most (Press, 28 January 1987)","In a light-hearted contest evaluating sex appeal based on the number of underwear thrown on stage, pop singer Boy George emerged as the 1986 winner. During a concert in Portsmouth, he received a total of 50 pairs of panties from enthusiastic female fans, significantly surpassing the runner-up, the band Duran Duran, which garnered 38 pairs. The event was monitored by security staff who tallied the thrown items. They reported that aging rocker Gary Glitter came in third with 19 pieces of underwear, although his count included a panty girdle tossed by an older female fan. Despite the recent competition, the record for the most panties thrown at an artist remains with the Beatles, who once received 70 pairs during a performance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870128_2_171_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870128.2.171.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,538743600
6769,31,01,1987,"A.I.D.S. Not Spread By Sufferers ‘well-known’ (Press, 31 January 1987)","On 31 January 1987, a spokesman from the Wellington Lesbian and Gay Resource Centre, Mr Phil Parkinson, addressed the longstanding misconception regarding the contagion of A.I.D.S. According to Parkinson, the gay community had long been aware that individuals suffering from A.I.D.S. are not contagious. This topic gained attention during the A.N.Z.A.A.S. science congress held in Palmerston North following remarks made by Nobel Prizewinner Dr Carleton Gajdusek, who asserted that A.I.D.S. patients do not spread the virus. Parkinson supported this view by referencing the experiences seen in the United States, where health care providers and loved ones of A.I.D.S. patients remained uninfected. He explained that, like certain other illnesses such as measles, the virus can be contagious before the infected individual shows symptoms. The virus primarily affects T-cells, integral to the immune system's functioning. Although infected individuals often feel healthy, by the time the disease progresses to full-blown A.I.D.S. and has severely compromised their immune system, they are left with virtually no T-cells, rendering them susceptible to illnesses but also non-contagious. As per Health Department statistics, there were just over 200 people in New Zealand who tested positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies, of which 35 were confirmed A.I.D.S. sufferers. Importantly, Parkinson emphasised that it is the larger group of 200, not the smaller group of 35, that poses a risk of contagion. He noted that this critical point has not been effectively communicated to the public, who continue to exhibit fear regarding the virus. Parkinson recalled a case from the previous year, which involved a four-year-old girl named Eve van Grafhorst. She was antibody positive and her family relocated to New Zealand from Australia to escape harassment. He argued that while there is a theoretical risk of transmission in her situation, significant risk factors like sexual activity or needle sharing would have to be involved for a child to pose any real threat—activities deemed highly unlikely in children. In closing, Parkinson advocated for the necessity of educating not just the gay community but the broader population about A.I.D.S. to mitigate the ongoing hysteria surrounding the syndrome. This education is critical to dispelling myths and fostering a clearer understanding of the realities faced by A.I.D.S. patients and the dynamics of the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870131_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870131.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539002800
6175,31,01,1987,"President Asserts Himself In Clemency Case (Press, 31 January 1987)","On 31 January 1987, Greek President Christos Sartzetakis faced intense criticism from the Greek media and the public due to his refusal to grant clemency in a high-profile murder case. This decision came after the Justice Ministry had recommended reducing the life sentence of convicted murderer Christos Roussos, who had been imprisoned for a decade. Roussos, a homosexual, became notable after a film about his case depicted him as a victim, claiming he killed his male lover in self-defence when the man allegedly tried to force him into prostitution. Sartzetakis, a former Supreme Court judge, was elected in 1985 and had previously garnered support from the left for his role in prosecuting military figures involved in the assassination of a left-wing politician in 1963. His election replaced former President Constantine Karamanlis amid political tension, particularly after Prime Minister Dr Andreas Papandreou’s Socialist Pasok Party chose him for the presidency. The Greek Constitution was later amended to restrict presidential powers, making the role largely ceremonial; however, Sartzetakis appeared to want a more influential position, leading to reported friction with members of Papandreou’s government. The controversy escalated this week when Sartzetakis publicly stated his decision not to reduce Roussos’ sentence was based on the lack of remorse exhibited by the convicted murderer. He highlighted that both of his predecessors had rejected similar pleas for clemency, reinforcing his position on the matter. Political analysts viewed Sartzetakis’ stance as an assertion of his authority, rather than merely fulfilling a ceremonial role. In response to the President’s decision, a protest involving approximately 1,000 writers, artists, and anarchists attempted to march to the presidential palace. However, they were blocked by police, leading thirteen participants to initiate a hunger strike to support Roussos, who was reportedly hospitalised after conducting his own hunger strike in protest. Despite the backlash and public outcry, a government spokesman affirmed that there was no tension between the President and the government, insisting that Sartzetakis was acting within his constitutional rights. The situation exemplifies the ongoing struggles between institutional powers in Greece amid a politically charged climate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870131_2_84_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870131.2.84.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539002800
6176,02,02,1987,"A.I.D.S.-vaccine Forecast (Press, 2 February 1987)","On 2 February 1987, medical experts from the United States indicated that a vaccine for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is unlikely to be available for at least five years. Dr Robert Gallo, associated with the U.S. National Cancer Institute, expressed that while various experimental vaccine candidates are being explored, the timeline for an effective vaccine could extend even longer than five years. He noted that numerous approaches have been tested, with some already progressing through animal trials and preparing for human testing later in the year. Gallo spoke at the World Health Organisation (WHO) headquarters while participating in a session of the WHO executive board, highlighting the severity of the AIDS crisis, which has led to 38,401 reported cases globally, with half of those resulting in death. Approximately 75% of these cases are from the United States, with the demographic primarily affected being homosexual men and intravenous drug users. In contrast, in Africa, the disease is largely transmitted through heterosexual relationships. Additionally, Dr Jonathan Mann, who leads the WHO AIDS-control programme, echoed Gallo’s sentiments regarding the vaccine timeline, emphasising that significant research and trials would be necessary before a reliable vaccine could be developed. Mann also clarified that existing vaccination programmes for diseases like measles and tuberculosis do not contribute to the spread of AIDS among children in Africa. He pointed out that African children contract the virus mainly through infected mothers or blood transfusions, not from vaccinations. The report presented at the WHO meeting indicated uncertainty around the true extent of AIDS in Africa. However, it suggested that central and eastern regions, as well as parts of southern Africa, are particularly hard hit, while western Africa appears to be less affected. Current estimates suggest there may be around one million individuals infected with the AIDS virus in Africa, though this figure is considered a conservative estimate by some experts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870202_2_145.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870202.2.145,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539175600
7468,02,02,1987,"Anti-A.I.D.S. Fashions In Clothing (Press, 2 February 1987)","On 2 February 1987, London fashion designer Katherine Hammet unveiled a unique clothing line aimed at promoting safe sex in the fight against AIDS. This innovative collection features garments for both men and women, incorporating specific design elements such as pockets made to hold condoms. The range includes various items like shirts, shorts, and even leather carriers for condoms that can be worn as bracelets. Hammet’s creative efforts extend to designing a red-striped condom to align with the colour scheme of products endorsed by the Health Ministry's AIDS campaign. Additionally, she is collaborating with notable pop stars Madonna and Debbie Harry, the latter being a former member of the band Blondie. These celebrities are set to endorse a series of T-shirts that will display safe sex logos. Notably, Madonna's contribution to this initiative will feature the slogan “Like A Virgin,” referencing her popular album. The launch of this collection signifies a significant step in combining fashion with public health advocacy, aiming to raise awareness about safe sexual practices while providing stylish options for consumers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870202_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870202.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539175600
6177,04,02,1987,"Cable Briefs (Press, 4 February 1987)","In February 1987, Britain experienced a severe cold snap that possibly resulted in the deaths of up to 2000 individuals due to the freezing temperatures. Meanwhile, in Soviet Georgia, heavy rains and melting snow caused significant flooding, leading to the evacuation of over 6000 people and the unfortunate deaths of 28 individuals. In Australia, a state of emergency was declared north of Cooma in southern New South Wales as a bushfire raged uncontrollably, consuming approximately 7000 hectares of land. In a significant ruling regarding gender equality, the Equal Opportunities Commission found that a British airline, Dan Air, was guilty of sex discrimination for its policy of not hiring male cabin staff based on concerns about the transmission of A.I.D.S. The airline had claimed during a 15-month inquiry that nearly one-third of men interested in positions as airline stewards were homosexual and that cabin crew members, in general, exhibited promiscuous behaviour. Additionally, British police took action against alleged long-distance telephone fraud, arresting 53 individuals connected to the scheme at British Telecom's main international exchange. These stories reflect a mix of natural disasters, public health concerns, and legal rulings that have made headlines in early February 1987.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870204_2_79_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870204.2.79.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539348400
7129,09,02,1987,"Intolerance (Press, 9 February 1987)","N. Milanovich responded to an article published on 3 February 1987 regarding a United Nations report that highlighted a global prevalence of intolerance and persecution, which includes issues like imprisonments, executions, forced conversions, and discrimination. The report links these problems to the belief that one's religion is the sole true representation of ultimate truth. In Milanovich’s letter, he references a story from the ""Friendship Book"" by Francis Gay, where the Buddha illustrates the nature of human understanding through a parable about blind men who describe an elephant after touching different parts of it. Each man perceives the elephant as a fan, plough, or pillar based on their limited experience, leading to arguments about the true nature of the creature. The Buddha uses this story to convey that people’s understanding of truth is often limited and subjective, which reflects the broader theme of the UN report regarding religious intolerance and the conflicts arising from differing beliefs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870209_2_123_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870209.2.123.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539780400
7389,10,02,1987,"A.I.D.S. Babies Abandoned (Press, 10 February 1987)","On 10 February 1987, Dr Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, a prominent expert on death and dying, addressed a crowd in Christchurch, New Zealand, highlighting a distressing issue regarding mothers abandoning their babies with AIDS in the United States. Dr Kubler-Ross, who has spent time working with AIDS-affected infants, explained that many mothers loved their children dearly but felt forced to abandon them due to the overwhelming medical expenses associated with their care. She stated that leaving their children was often seen as the only way to ensure they would receive proper care. During her talk, Dr Kubler-Ross condemned the harsh treatment of AIDS patients, reflecting on the inhumane attitudes some individuals displayed towards those suffering from the disease. This echoed her experiences when she attempted to establish a hospice for AIDS babies on her farm in the U.S. the previous year. Her efforts were met with significant hostility, including threats to burn her home and dangerous sabotage on her property, which left her car vulnerable to flat tyres. Dr Kubler-Ross noted the escalating AIDS crisis, stating that the number of people diagnosed with the disease was doubling every ten months. She suggested that society's fear surrounding AIDS could lead to severe consequences, warning that if people continued to be fearful, it might eventually extend to basic interactions, such as drinking water or conducting transactions in shops. She had arrived in New Zealand the previous Sunday to conduct a week-long workshop focused on death and dying, which attracted around 80 participants, including health professionals, laypersons, and terminally ill individuals, all of whom paid NZ$80 to attend. Dr Kubler-Ross's insights brought attention to not only the medical difficulties of AIDS but also the emotional and social ramifications for affected families, underlining the urgent need for compassion and understanding within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870210_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870210.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539866800
7205,11,02,1987,"Exclusive Licence For New A.I.D.S. Drug? (Press, 11 February 1987)","On 11 February 1987, United States officials announced that the government intended to grant an exclusive manufacturing licence for a new drug aimed at treating AIDS to the pharmaceutical company Hoffmann-La Roche. This decision, pending any adverse findings within the next two months, would be handled by the Commerce Department’s Federal patent arm. Hoffmann, based in Nutley, New Jersey, operates as the United States affiliate of F. Hoffmann-La Roche, headquartered in Basel, Switzerland. The drug in question, dideoxycytidine (D.D.C.), is currently undergoing testing on patients with advanced AIDS at the National Cancer Institute. A representative from the institute, opting to remain anonymous, clarified that laboratory tests have shown D.D.C. can inhibit the replication of the AIDS virus, subsequently allowing the immune system to rebuild. However, it was emphasised that this drug is not intended to cure or prevent AIDS; it only aims to slow the disease's progression. Early laboratory tests, particularly those involving animal subjects, suggested that D.D.C. might be more effective against the AIDS virus and less toxic than another drug, AZT, manufactured by Burroughs-Wellcome. AZT has already been recommended for approval by an advisory committee of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is awaiting final evaluation by the agency. John Doorley, a spokesman for Hoffmann, expressed enthusiasm over the licence announcement but cautioned that it could take several years, if not longer, before D.D.C. becomes available on the market. He pointed out that the drug would require extensive testing and must go through a series of regulatory approvals from the FDA before it can be marketed. Should D.D.C. receive approval, Hoffmann would hold exclusive marketing rights under the granted manufacturing licence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870211_2_210_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870211.2.210.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,539953200
7287,13,02,1987,"A.I.D.S. Group Seeks Helpers (Press, 13 February 1987)","The Christchurch A.I.D.S. Support Network is actively seeking more volunteers to assist with its initiatives. Mr Ian Smith, the co-ordinator of the network, highlighted the urgent need for individuals to join their efforts. After submitting an initial application, prospective volunteers are invited to participate in a weekend workshop scheduled to commence on March 6, 1987. This workshop will cover various topics essential to the network's operations, including education, prevention, fundraising, administration, and providing practical assistance. Mr Smith explained that the primary focus of the new volunteers will be on education and prevention, as these have become the main objectives of the network. He noted that while the original paradigm emphasised emotional support, the organisation has shifted its goals due to a current lack of individuals requiring such support services. Consequently, the network is looking for volunteers who can contribute to these new priorities. Interested individuals have until February 23, 1987, to apply to join the network and help make a difference in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870213_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870213.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540126000
7446,13,02,1987,"Accusations Of Orgies, Bondage And Slaves (Press, 13 February 1987)","Cynthia Payne, known as Britain’s “Madam Cyn,” was acquitted on 12 February 1987 after a sensational two-week trial involving dramatic allegations of orgies, bondage, and illicit activities at her south-west London establishment, dubbed the “House of 1001 Delights.” Payne faced nine charges of controlling prostitutes, but was found not guilty, with Judge Brian Pryor determining that the prosecution failed to prove she was profiting from prostitution rather than simply hosting parties for fun and socialising. The case received extensive media coverage, sparking public interest in Payne’s life, which included previous convictions. Payne first gained notoriety in 1980 when she was sentenced to six months in jail for managing a disorderly house and controlling prostitutes. At that time, she had a reputation for taking various forms of payment from her clients, including luncheon vouchers. Her clientele was said to include high-profile individuals, although a list was never publicly disclosed. Despite her vow to abandon her former lifestyle after her jail sentence, authorities alleged that Payne continued her activities, leading to a significant police operation. This operation involved officers from Scotland Yard's special vice squad posing as clients to gather evidence against her. The investigation culminated in a major raid on her home, enhancing the scandal and intrigue surrounding her trial. Throughout the courtroom proceedings, testimony included vivid descriptions of the alleged sexual activities at her parties. Judge Pryor often sought clarification on various explicit subjects, resulting in moments of levity amidst serious accusations. The public was captivated by Payne's own testimony, where she appeared dignified and witty, often challenging the court's apparent obsession with her private life and activities. She maintained that many guests attended her gatherings for reasons beyond sex, citing the presence of older revellers and the general merriment at her parties. Payne's personal history was also revealed during the trial, including her early work as a “maid” for prostitutes at age 18 and her unconventional means of supporting her family, which included humourous advertisements and creative fundraising methods. Shane’s life had featured notable ups and downs, from her initial foray into hosting parties in 1956 to becoming the subject of books and a forthcoming film. In the end, the trial and its outcomes not only cleared Payne of wrongdoing but also solidified her status as a cultural figure, merging elements of scandal with an image of genteel societal interactions, leading some to liken her gatherings to “a vicarage tea party with sex thrown in.” The case highlighted not only the complexities of morality and legality surrounding adult entertainment but also the enduring public fascination with figures like Madam Cyn in the landscape of 1980s Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870213_2_70_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870213.2.70.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540126000
6967,14,02,1987,"A Religion Of Revenge (Press, 14 February 1987)","In the 1987 review of ""Flood"" by Andrew H. Vachas, the story unfolds in New York City, centring on Burke, a private investigator who navigates through a brutal and morally corrupt urban landscape. His office resembles a fortress, underscoring his need for protection in a world teeming with danger and depravity. Accompanied by his large mastiff Pansy, Burke is surrounded by an eclectic cast of characters that adds depth to the narrative. Notable figures include The Mole, a Jewish recluse of genius intellect who resides in a cave beneath a junkyard and is proficient in modifying telephone systems while guarded by aggressive street dogs. The Prophet is described as a near-dwarf adept at deception, while Michelle, a transvestite trans-sexual prostitute, possesses an unexpectedly kind heart. Additionally, Max the Silent, Burke's blood brother and a Tibetan martial arts master, commands the respect and fear of many. The plot takes a darker turn with the introduction of Flood, a small and fearless female who seeks Burke's assistance in tracking down The Cobra, a sadistic former Vietnam soldier responsible for the tragic murder of her friend’s child. The Cobra's associate, Goldor, thrives on inflicting pain and creates disturbing snuff films that revolve around pedophilia. In stark contrast, Flood turns her anguish into a ruthless obsession with revenge. Despite the grim and unsettling themes present within the storyline, the book maintains a gripping pace that retains the reader's attention until the very last page. The reviewer, Ken Strongman, notes the high quality of writing and the author's compelling grasp of the material, suggesting that the title ""Flood"" may not encapsulate the full impact of the narrative. The combination of authentic, harsh realities alongside well-developed characters leads to a book that is described as ""unputdownable,"" highlighting Burke's refreshing perspective in the traditional realm of private detective fiction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870214_2_112_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870214.2.112.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540212400
6178,14,02,1987,"A.I.D.S. Group To Set Code (Press, 14 February 1987)","On 14 February 1987, the New Zealand Body Positive Group, which comprises individuals living with A.I.D.S. or who have tested positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies, announced their work on guidelines detailing the responsibilities of A.I.D.S. sufferers towards the community. This initiative follows the group's previous publication, ""The Rights of People with A.I.D.S.,"" which has drawn criticism from Dr. Thomas Fogg, Wellington’s Acting Medical Officer of Health. Dr. Fogg expressed his concerns regarding the document’s assertion that individuals with A.I.D.S. possess the right to decide whether to inform their sexual partners about their health status. He emphasised that failing to disclose such information undermines the partner's right to informed consent and constitutes a legal violation, specifically a breach of the law that prohibits knowingly risking the transmission of a communicable disease. In response, a spokesman for the Body Positive Group highlighted that the guideline on informing sexual partners falls under the section titled ""The Right to Express Ourselves Sexually."" He clarified that individuals with A.I.D.S. are encouraged to maintain a full sexual life through safe sexual practices, which significantly minimise the risk of transmission. The spokesman insisted that members of the group adhere to such safe sex practices, asserting that they were early advocates for them. Furthermore, the group stated that those who are comfortable with their condition and receive proper counselling are likely to inform their partners about their status. The document also includes recommendations for hospitals to actively seek out homosexual and lesbian employees to provide support for A.I.D.S. patients. However, the spokesman clarified that while not exclusively necessary, having staff who are sensitive or connected to the A.I.D.S. community could foster a more supportive environment. Overall, the Body Positive Group aims to promote a balanced perspective, acknowledging both the rights of individuals with A.I.D.S. and their responsibilities towards public health and community wellbeing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870214_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870214.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540212400
7188,14,02,1987,"Call For Doctor’s Dismissal (Press, 14 February 1987)","The Gay Task Force is urging the dismissal of Dr Thomas Fogg, Wellington’s Acting Medical Officer of Health, following his critical remarks about a document titled “The Rights of People with A.I.D.S.” Dr Fogg took issue with claims within the document concerning the rights of A.I.D.S. sufferers, particularly their right to decide whether to inform sexual partners of their condition and a recommendation advocating for low-risk sex practices for all men and women. Bill Logan, a spokesman for the Gay Task Force, accused Dr Fogg of attacking the group without a proper understanding of either the statement or the Health Department’s recommendations regarding A.I.D.S. and safe sex practices. Logan expressed concern over Dr Fogg’s implications that individuals deemed ""not at risk"" could disregard safe sex guidelines, describing these views as especially harmful. He warned that following Dr Fogg's advice could lead to an increase in A.I.D.S. cases, stating that everyone is at risk and must exercise caution. Logan highlighted that the number of A.I.D.S. cases among heterosexuals in America is rising more rapidly than among homosexuals, asserting that Dr Fogg is ""simply, technically wrong, and dangerously wrong."" Additionally, Logan indicated that Dr Fogg’s statements are damaging the vital relationship between key communities and the Health Department during a critical period in the response to A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870214_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870214.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540212400
7469,16,02,1987,"Stations Wary Despite Nod For Condoms (Press, 16 February 1987)","On 16 February 1987, the United States Surgeon General, C. Everett Koop, expressed support for condom advertisements on television as a means of combating the spread of AIDS during a congressional hearing. Koop highlighted the severe threat posed by the disease, suggesting that the promotion of condom use through advertising would be a positive measure to address public health concerns. He reiterated a position from a prior report emphasising that using condoms during sexual activity could significantly reduce the risk of transmission of the virus that causes AIDS, particularly for individuals with multiple partners or those unsure of their exposure status. Despite Koop's endorsement, major television networks including NBC, CBS, and ABC have resisted airing condom commercials, citing the potential to offend portions of their audiences on moral or religious grounds. NBC's Vice President, Ralph Daniels, articulated the networks' stance, indicating that the adverts could be perceived as promoting sexual permissiveness, which some viewers find objectionable. The debate over the networks' refusal to broadcast condom ads intensified when Henry Waxman, the chairman of the House Health Subcommittee, accused them of hypocrisy. He pointed out that while the networks routinely air programmes filled with sexual content and exploit sexual appeal in advertising, they shy away from providing critical information related to safe sex practices. Waxman's remarks highlighted the contradiction in the media landscape where sexual themes are prevalent, yet essential health messages regarding safe sexual practices remain excluded from mainstream television. In summary, the discussion underscores a complex intersection of public health advocacy and media ethics, with an urgent call for effective communication strategies to address the AIDS crisis while navigating societal sensitivities around sexual health messaging.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870216_2_114_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870216.2.114.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540385200
7470,19,02,1987,"A.I.D.S. Test Ruled Out (Press, 19 February 1987)","On 19 February 1987, the Health Department in New Zealand announced that it would not implement mandatory blood testing for all individuals entering the country as a measure to prevent the spread of A.I.D.S. This decision comes after several countries in the western Pacific, which have low reported cases of A.I.D.S., also evaluated and ultimately rejected similar screening programmes. Mr Grant Martindale from the department's quarantine section mentioned that New Zealand had previously considered compulsory blood testing among various options to address A.I.D.S. but had decided against it. The United States Surgeon-General, Dr Everett Koop, has voiced opposition to such a policy, stating that compulsory blood testing is unnecessary, impractical, and cost-prohibitive, potentially causing significant harm. He warned that a negative test result could give individuals a false sense of security if they were recently infected and had not yet developed antibodies, potentially decreasing their motivation to practise safe sex. Mr Martindale highlighted the logistical challenges of screening everyone who enters New Zealand, noting that only one country in the Middle East currently employs such a testing policy. He also pointed out that anyone wishing to reside in New Zealand must meet specific criteria, including adhering to certain health guidelines. These guidelines are under review due to proposed changes in immigration legislation. Mr Ron Malpass, an assistant director in the Immigration Division, confirmed that, under the existing Immigration Act, individuals with tuberculosis, leprosy, or syphilis face prohibition from entering the country. As new immigration legislation moves forward in Parliament, which is expected to pass before the end of 1987, the Health Department has yet to indicate any new health requirements that will accompany these changes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870219_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870219.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540644400
6179,19,02,1987,"Homosexuals Adopt Safer Sex Methods (Press, 19 February 1987)","Surveys of sexual practices in Dunedin have revealed positive developments regarding the adoption of safe practices among homosexual men, according to an article from the New Zealand Medical Journal published on 19 February 1987. Phil Parkinson, coordinator of the A.I.D.S. Support Network, and Tony Hughes, biomedical co-ordinator of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, highlighted that only a relatively small number of openly homosexual men appear to remain at risk of contracting the virus. Parkinson and Hughes noted the increased use of condoms, stating, “Condoms are certainly being used.” They pointed to a significant decrease in the incidence of gonorrhoea in Wellington and Auckland as an encouraging indicator that unprotected sexual encounters are becoming less common. The duo expressed optimism that widespread and early distribution of authoritative information regarding A.I.D.S. has successfully communicated the importance of safe sex practices to many individuals within the community before the virus becomes more prevalent. While they acknowledged the difficulty in assessing the long-term effectiveness of these initial community health initiatives until several years later, they expressed hope that should these efforts prove successful, New Zealand could potentially avert a major epidemic until effective antiviral therapies are developed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870219_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870219.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540644400
7390,21,02,1987,"A.I.D.S. Patients Not Less Infectious, Experts Say (Press, 21 February 1987)","On 21 February 1987, the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee in Wellington issued a statement contesting claims made by renowned scientist Dr Carlton Gajdusek regarding the transmission of the H.I.V. virus among individuals with A.I.D.S. Dr Gajdusek, a Nobel Prize winner, had suggested during a scientific congress in Palmerston North that individuals with full-blown A.I.D.S. posed a minimal risk of spreading the virus, implying that asymptomatic carriers were the primary infectious individuals. Dr Richard Meech, the chairman of the advisory committee, strongly refuted this assertion, stating that there is no evidence to support the idea that those with A.I.D.S. are less infectious than those without symptoms. Instead, he highlighted that individuals with A.I.D.S. may actually be more capable of transmitting H.I.V. The advisory committee expressed deep concern about the potential for Dr Gajdusek's claims to misinform the public and diminish essential precautions necessary for preventing the transmission of H.I.V. The committee emphasised the importance of healthcare workers taking precautions when dealing with the blood or bodily fluids of A.I.D.S. patients, as well as advising those patients' sexual partners. They also warned against sharing intravenous needles, which presents a significant risk for transmitting the virus. Dr David Cooper, an Australian A.I.D.S. expert, supported the committee's stance, categorically stating that it was ""absolutely untrue"" that patients with full-blown A.I.D.S. could not transmit the disease. He noted that while severely ill patients might be less likely to engage in activities that would spread the virus—such as sexual activity or sharing needles—the theoretical risk of transmission remained for all individuals infected with H.I.V. Cooper, who is the director of the National Health and Medical Research Clinic’s special A.I.D.S. epidemiology unit, reiterated that healthcare providers are at real risk of infection, particularly through needle-stick injuries when treating A.I.D.S. patients. The committee underscored the need for accurate information and public awareness surrounding A.I.D.S. and its transmission, particularly the importance of understanding that both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals can spread H.I.V. This correction was seen as critical in addressing misconceptions that may lead to increased risks of infection and societal stigma towards A.I.D.S. patients.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870221_2_154.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870221.2.154,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,540817200
6180,26,02,1987,"A.I.D.S. Foundation Short Of Funds (Press, 26 February 1987)","On 26 February 1987, the A.I.D.S. Foundation's director, Warren Lindberg, announced the need for $500,000 to sustain its education campaign aimed at preventing the spread of the disease. He emphasised the importance of continuous awareness, pointing out that over 200 known individuals were infected, with likely many more undetected cases, highlighting that A.I.D.S. could be transmitted by seemingly healthy individuals. The foundation had submitted a grant application to the Health Department in December 1986 and was awaiting a decision. Lindberg noted that their last grant of $345,000 from the department in 1985 had nearly been exhausted. He stressed the necessity of resources for a ""new approach"" in 1987. The A.I.D.S. Foundation's initiatives and the Health Department's campaigns worked in tandem, with the department providing general public education while focusing on specific at-risk groups. Lindberg recognised that while the homosexual community was generally well-informed about A.I.D.S. and had adopted protective measures, other vulnerable groups remained a concern. Among these were individuals engaged in homosexual activities who were reluctant to discuss their risks due to fear of social stigma, as well as intravenous drug users and youth. Lindberg pointed out the inadequacy of sex education in schools, which often led to young people entering the workforce uninformed and vulnerable to peer pressure without proper education or support during a critical stage of sexual development. The funds from the sought-after Health Department grant would enable the continuation of the A.I.D.S. awareness campaign targeting homosexuals and facilitate new initiatives for other high-risk groups. Additionally, the foundation planned to pursue ongoing funding later in the year to secure long-term support for its efforts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870226_2_169_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870226.2.169.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541249200
7131,26,02,1987,"Sunday Screenings And Orientation Week (Press, 26 February 1987)","The Canterbury Film Society is set to screen the documentary ""Before Stonewall"" on 1 March 1987 at 2 p.m. at the Academy. The film explores the evolving American attitudes towards homosexuality, utilising a blend of archival footage, Hollywood film clips, and contemporary interviews. It provides a thoughtful and positive representation of gay life and culture in America leading up to 1969, the year of the landmark Stonewall Inn raid by police in New York, which resulted in a two-day riot and significantly heightened political awareness among the homosexual community. The documentary is described as engaging, often humorous, and emotionally resonant, joining the ranks of impactful works like ""Harvey Milk."" In addition to ""Before Stonewall,"" the Film Society will showcase a series of films as part of its Orientation Week specials at the Ngaio Marsh Theatre at Canterbury University. The schedule includes: the original ""King Kong,"" featuring Fay Wray, being shown tomorrow; ""Before Stonewall"" on Saturday; Werner Herzog's ""Fitzcarraldo,"" starring Klaus Kinski, on Monday; the New Zealand film ""Kingpin"" (1985) on Tuesday; and two music and festival studies by Les Blank titled ""Chulas Fronteras"" and ""Always for Pleasure"" on Wednesday. The lineup continues with ""The End of Agent W4C"" from Czechoslovakia (1967) on Thursday, followed by ""Tintin and the Blue Oranges,"" a co-production between France and Spain from 1964 on Friday, and wrapping up with ""The Third Man,"" directed by Carol Reed and written by Graham Greene, featuring Joseph Cotten, Orson Welles, and Trevor Howard, on Saturday. This diverse selection aims to provide audiences with a rich cinematic experience throughout the week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870226_2_70_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870226.2.70.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541249200
4083,28,02,1987,"Homosexuals’ World, Pre-A.I.D.S. (Press, 28 February 1987)","""States of Desire: Travels in Gay America"" by Edmund White, first published in 1980 and reviewed by Ralf Unger in 1987, is a provocative exploration of homosexuality in various urban areas across the United States. The book serves as both a cultural document of its time and a critical reflection on the changes brought about by the onset of the A.I.D.S. epidemic. In his new afterword, White underscores how the ideals of ""Gay Liberation,"" which took flight in the 1960s, have been severely challenged by the realities of sexually transmitted diseases and a decline in societal acceptance of homosexual identities. White recounts his travels through numerous American cities during the more liberated 1970s, aiming to capture the lifestyles, variances, and political dynamics of the gay community. He contrasts experiences from vibrant cities like San Francisco with more conservative places in the Deep South, presenting analyses of the political elements of Gay Liberation. He addresses the concept of homophobia as a political tool while advocating for a political framework that not only seeks the liberation of homosexuals but also benefits heterosexuals, aiming to create new relationships between public and private lives. Furthermore, he anticipates an urban renaissance, where wealthier homosexual populations will populate city centres, leaving poorer communities on the outskirts to serve them. This dynamic can be seen in areas like Haight-Ashbury in San Francisco, where older residents are displaced by rising rents. White acknowledges the contributions of homosexual individuals in revitalising urban environments but warns that this development often comes with socio-economic upheavals for lower-income groups. White's reflections extend to the evolving dynamics of same-sex relationships, arguing against the notion of traditional male/female roles within homosexual partnerships, which he considers a product of ""straight"" fantasies. He links the rise of feminism and Gay Liberation to social and economic shifts, such as urbanisation and the decline of the traditional family unit. He critiques the sexual expressions prevalent in the 1970s, describing the increasing acceptance of sadomasochism and the evolution of sexual norms. He reflects on the possible future of sexual expression within homosexual communities, suggesting a shift back toward more meaningful communication and artistic expression around sexuality rather than its reduction to mere physical encounter. White discusses significant observations, such as the visibility of deaf homosexuals, who are less socialised into concealing their sexuality, thus presenting a more prominent incidence of homosexuality. He notes the particular impact of A.I.D.S. within the black community, revealing complex social issues surrounding race and health in America. Through his candid anecdotes, which include a mixture of personal experiences and voyeuristic observations, White presents a rich yet complex view of male homosexual culture while giving little attention to lesbian experiences. ""States of Desire"" is considered essential reading for those wanting to understand the male homosexual movement as a significant social phenomenon of its time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870228_2_108_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870228.2.108.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541422000
6181,28,02,1987,"Prison Term For Receiving (Press, 28 February 1987)","On 28 February 1987, the District Court addressed a case involving Kevin John Marshall, a 31-year-old labourer, who was sentenced to nine months in prison for multiple charges related to the receiving of stolen property and the cultivation of cannabis. Judge Pain described Marshall's actions in relation to the scale of the offences as “clearly inadequate,” given the “colossal” amount of property involved. Marshall faced six counts of receiving stolen property valued at $30,775 and one count of cultivating cannabis, with the recovered items representing about half of the goods taken during six burglaries occurring between September 1986 and January 1987. Marshall, who managed a service station in Christchurch, facilitated the storage of this stolen property for a friend at the rear of the station. Initially, only personal belongings were stored, but the situation escalated to include a much larger quantity of stolen items. Marshall pleaded guilty with the understanding that he was not storing the stolen property for personal gain but merely helping an associate. Notably, he had no prior convictions, and all of the stolen goods had been recovered. In a separate incident, a man was fined $500 for assaulting another man at the Arts Centre, perpetrated due to the assailant's belief that the victim was homosexual. Michael David Johnson, a 19-year-old gardener, was convicted of the assault, with the judge expressing that the attack was unjustified as the complainant had done nothing to provoke such violence. Notably, half of the fine imposed on Johnson was designated to be paid to the victim. The case highlights ongoing societal issues regarding violence and prejudice within the community, as well as the handling of property crimes in the judicial system during that period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870228_2_29_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870228.2.29.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541422000
7189,28,02,1987,"Wide Council Experience (Press, 28 February 1987)","Alan Shadwell, the President of the Canterbury Manufacturers' Association and the Group Managing Director of Mair Astley Limited, holds numerous leadership positions in various organisations. He is also the Chairman of the New Zealand Futures Exchange Limited and oversees several subsidiary companies within the Mair Astley group. With a background in accounting (A.C.A.) and a Diploma in Wool from Massey University, Shadwell's career began in stock and station agencies and wool departments. His teaching stint at Massey University in the Wool Department from 1956 to 1961 laid a foundation for his expertise in the wool industry. Shadwell joined Mair and Co. Limited, now known as Mair Astley Limited, in 1962, focusing initially on enhancing the company's scouring operations. By 1972, he assumed control of the entire wool operation and subsequently expanded into wool spinning. His leadership was solidified when he became Group Managing Director in 1979. Supporting Shadwell in the Canterbury Manufacturers’ Association's decision-making process are a diverse group of council members. This group includes various industry leaders such as Jim Andrews, General Manager of Skellerup Rotocure Limited; Graham Aston, Director of Lichfield (N.Z.) Limited; Bill Beaven, Director of Carbonic Ice Limited; and many others from reputable companies across different sectors. The council also features general managers, managing directors, and chairman from companies involved in fields like packaging, electronics, timber products, and plastics, indicating a strong representation of the manufacturing industry in Canterbury. The comprehensive experience and diverse expertise within Shadwell’s council reflect a collaborative approach to addressing the challenges and opportunities in the manufacturing sector. Collectively, they focus on promoting and supporting the growth of the manufacturing industry in the region, ensuring that the Canterbury Manufacturers’ Association plays a significant role in the economic development of New Zealand. Overall, Alan Shadwell's extensive background in the wool industry, along with his leadership at Mair Astley Limited and the Canterbury Manufacturers' Association, positions him as a key figure in New Zealand's manufacturing sector, aided by a capable council of industry leaders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870228_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870228.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541422000
7045,02,03,1987,"‘Cheers’ Star To Quit (Press, 2 March 1987)","On 2 March 1987, it was announced that Shelley Long, who played the character Diane Chambers on the popular television show ""Cheers,"" would be departing from the series to focus on her film career. This news came as New Zealand viewers were still adjusting to the absence of another character, Coach, played by Nick Colassanto, who had passed away. Producers Glen Charles, James Burrows, and Les Charles expressed their sadness over Shelley’s exit, stating that ""Cheers"" would not be the same without her. They acknowledged the uncertainty surrounding the show's future without her character, which served as a central element in the dynamic relationship with Sam Malone, portrayed by Ted Danson. The continuing popularity of ""Cheers,"" set in a Boston bar, heavily relied on the tumultuous romance between Diane and Sam. Producers were evidently concerned about how they would introduce a new character or reshape the storyline to maintain the show's appeal. However, the remaining cast members, including Danson, George Wendt (Norm), Rhea Perlman (Carla), and John Ratzenberger (Cliff), maintained a more optimistic outlook. Danson expressed confidence in the show's ability to adapt, comparing it to the transition after Coach's departure. Wendt joked about potential plot developments, including absurd ideas like Cliff undergoing a sex change. Despite Shelley's pivotal role, some insiders suggested that her presence would not be missed by the cast or crew, with anecdotes of her difficult on-set behaviour. Shelley had recently completed filming ""Outrageous Fortune,"" where she starred alongside Bette Midler, with whom she reportedly clashed over billing rights. Their squabble ended with a compromise allowing for alternating billing between the two actresses in theatres. In the wake of this shift, producers are expected to devise a credible exit for Diane and a replacement character to fill her shoes. Long had previously advocated for a wedding between her character and Sam, but those plans have been set aside, leaving the show's trajectory uncertain. Despite the challenges ahead, the producers and cast remain hopeful that ""Cheers"" will continue to thrive in the television landscape. The show has consistently ranked among the top ten in the United States, and its loyal fan base is anticipated to follow its evolution, which screens on New Zealand's channel Two at 8.30 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870302_2_120_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870302.2.120.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541598400
7132,05,03,1987,"Women And The A.I.D.S. Era Horror Seems Inevitable (Press, 5 March 1987)","In an article published on 5 March 1987, Katharine Whitehorn reflects on the societal and emotional implications of the A.I.D.S. epidemic, particularly concerning women. She expresses her concern over the inevitable horror and distress that women may face due to the disease, particularly as it relates to their relationships and health. Women who have had encounters with bisexual men are at a heightened risk, and the betrayal felt by wives discovering their husbands’ infidelity adds to the emotional turmoil. Whitehorn underscores a significant dilemma faced by obstetricians regarding whether to inform pregnant women of a positive A.I.D.S. test result. The fear is that disclosing such a diagnosis could lead to severe psychological distress, while failing to inform the woman could result in tragic consequences for the child. The article highlights the complex social dynamics surrounding the epidemic, noting how, historically, societies have sought scapegoats during times of plague. She points out that while the current primary victims of A.I.D.S. are predominantly gay men, as cases in women rise, there is a risk that women may soon be unfairly blamed. While acknowledging the potential darker implications of the epidemic, Whitehorn also contemplates a potential positive outcome: a reduction in casual sexual encounters stemming from fear of the disease. She cites Gloria Steinem's remark which emphasises that many women prefer to engage in sexual relationships with men they genuinely like, rather than with casual acquaintances. This shift could lead to a healthier sexual climate. Whitehorn expresses concern about a possible resurgence of traditional views on virginity, leading to women being seen as ""soiled goods"" if they lose their virginity. She notes that while A.I.D.S. poses risks to both sexes, societal pressures regarding virginity and sexual behaviour may disproportionately affect women. The notion of male fear surrounding femininity and sexuality is also highlighted, suggesting that society's patriarchal structures may impose further restrictions and judgments on women's choices. The article concludes with a prediction that a new form of Puritanism could emerge from the fear of A.I.D.S., and questions whether societal attitudes will revert to pre-epidemic norms if a cure is eventually found. Whitehorn remains hopeful that any return to previous attitudes would happen gradually, allowing the younger generations the freedom to express their daring nature in ways that are distinct from their elders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870305_2_115_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870305.2.115.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541857600
7741,06,03,1987,"More Job Choices For Women ‘a Priority’ (Press, 6 March 1987)","On 6 March 1987, the Minister of Women's Affairs in New Zealand, Mrs Hercus, emphasised the need for broader job opportunities for women in a statement made in conjunction with the upcoming International Working Women’s Day on 8 March. She acknowledged that while women have legal equality in New Zealand, merely establishing equal rights is insufficient. Mrs Hercus highlighted the importance of encouraging young girls to pursue subjects typically associated with boys and enabling women to train for a more extensive array of jobs. She noted that it is essential to challenge employers' biases, asserting that the historical male dominance in certain jobs should not exclude women from those roles. To commemorate International Working Women’s Day, various events are planned, particularly in Wellington, where leaflets addressing the issues faced by women workers will be distributed, and a special radio programme on Access will be broadcast. This date is significant, marking the anniversary of a protest march by women in New York's textile industry back in 1857. Moreover, in alignment with the day, members of Amnesty International will present letters to the Soviet Embassy calling for action on behalf of women prisoners of conscience worldwide. Specifically, a group of Wellington women will advocate for the release of Sofya Belyak, a 32-year-old Ukrainian Catholic who was sentenced in 1983 to five years in prison followed by five years of internal exile for what the Soviet government deemed anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda, as well as for engaging in anti-social religious activities. This action is part of Amnesty International's efforts to draw attention to the plight of women facing political persecution globally.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870306_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870306.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541944000
7133,06,03,1987,"Untitled (Press, 6 March 1987)","On 6 March 1987, the Gala Gay ball in Rio de Janeiro marked one of the final highlights of the city's vibrant carnival celebrations. The event showcased an extravagant atmosphere where men donned women's clothing and women dressed minimally, creating a lively scene filled with diverse forms of self-expression. Attendees, including men, women, and those of indeterminate gender, filled two packed ballrooms at Rio's largest nightclub, participating in effusive dancing, hugging, and festivities that continued until early morning. The ball was characterised by its energetic and visually stimulating environment, where the attendees were engaged in playful interactions. Notable moments included two men sharing a passionate kiss, a man wearing a blonde wig and a G-string dancing atop a table, and a figure dressed in a Viking costume attempting to kiss a woman in a striking red dress. The atmosphere encouraged a playful game of ""sex guessing"" among observers, as the lines between gender were humorously blurred by the creative expressions of the participants. As a global attraction for the LGBTQ+ community, the Rio carnival, and particularly the Gala Gay ball, welcomed thousands of homosexuals from various parts of the world. Many travelled from the United States and Europe, drawn to the festive spirit that celebrates diversity within the carnival proceedings. Gays played a prominent role throughout the carnival, not only at the ball but also during the street festivities and the spectacular parades held in the purpose-built sambodromo stadium. Transvestites added to the vibrant scene in the Copacabana area, parading along the beachfront in elaborate costumes. Despite the celebratory nature of the occasion, participants experienced mixed reactions from the public as they left the ball the following morning. A small group of local Brazilians gathered outside to jeer and mock the departing attendees, signalling a varying level of acceptance in society. However, the sentiment that homosexuals are an integral part of the carnival was echoed by many, including a local resident who remarked on their significance within the festivities. In summary, the Gala Gay ball served as a pivotal part of Rio's carnival, reflecting the city's vibrant culture while also showcasing the complexities of social acceptance for the LGBTQ+ community in Brazil.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870306_2_64_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870306.2.64.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,541944000
6182,07,03,1987,"Insurance Firms Probe Clients’ Sexual Habits (Press, 7 March 1987)","Unmarried men in Britain over the age of 23 are now being questioned about their sexual orientation when applying for life insurance policies, particularly by companies like Zurich Life Assurance. This action, taken to help manage risks associated with AIDs, is a notable shift as such inquiries are not typically part of medical examinations for life insurance, as indicated by the Association of British Insurers. A spokesman mentioned that most insurers tend to require medical tests if applicants have had recent blood tests, and many are scrutinising those who disclose hospital visits or admit to being homosexual. In parallel, the British Medical Association and the Department of Health and Social Security have commended AIDs-positive homosexuals who use ""lonely hearts"" columns in newspapers to connect with other sufferers. These individuals are placing small advertisements in ""Capital Gay,"" a free London publication, openly acknowledging their condition and seeking partners with similar experiences. A spokeswoman for the association described these advertisers as demonstrating a high level of responsibility, underscoring the importance of transparency about being AIDs carriers to protect others.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870307_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870307.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542030400
6183,07,03,1987,"Korea Plans Stern Anti-A.I.D.S. Laws (Press, 7 March 1987)","South Korea is taking proactive measures to combat the potential spread of A.I.D.S. as it prepares to host the 1988 Olympic Games. In an announcement made on 7 March 1987, Health Ministry officials revealed plans to introduce stringent anti-A.I.D.S. legislation aimed at safeguarding the thousands of tourists expected for the event. To facilitate this, the government will form an inter-Ministerial committee tasked with studying various strategies to fight A.I.D.S., and one of the measures under consideration includes a ban on foreign entertainers known to carry the virus. The proposed legislation, which will be presented to Parliament later in the year, will grant the government the authority to expel foreign individuals diagnosed with A.I.D.S. from South Korea. It will also require women working in catering and entertainment in major cities like Seoul to undergo A.I.D.S. antibody tests. Regular testing is already conducted in areas near United States military bases and in homosexual bars across the country, where approximately 40,000 U.S. servicemen are stationed. Concerns surrounding the disease have been heightened by past cases, including two Americans—a soldier and a professor—who returned to the U.S. after being diagnosed with A.I.D.S., believed to have contracted it prior to arriving in South Korea. Furthermore, in February 1987, South Korea recorded its first death linked to A.I.D.S. The 62-year-old man, who had tested positive for the virus, succumbed to a viral infection affecting his cerebral nervous system. The government is also initiating mandatory reporting by doctors of known A.I.D.S. carriers to state health centres and allowing local authorities to carry out medical checks on those suspected of being infected. Additionally, the Ministry of Health announced plans to test around 800,000 blood donors throughout the year for A.I.D.S., reflecting an increasing urgency to identify and mitigate risks. To support these initiatives, the South Korean government is expected to allocate a supplementary budget of approximately USD 3.5 million, also intending to import AED testing equipment worth around USD 400,000. While officials have stated that there are no confirmed cases of A.I.D.S. within the country, they expressed concern over the possibility of the disease spreading, especially with the influx of foreign visitors expected during the Olympics. The proposed legislation is intended to ensure the safety of these tourists and help bolster public health measures in light of the looming global health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870307_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870307.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542030400
6770,09,03,1987,"Mrs Hercus’s Cookbook (Press, 9 March 1987)","On 9 March 1987, the Minister of Women’s Affairs, Mrs Ann Hercus, marked International Working Women’s Day by advocating for more job opportunities for women. She highlighted that while women legally have equality, there is still a need to create fairer conditions, particularly by encouraging girls to pursue subjects and career paths traditionally dominated by boys. Hercus expressed her commitment to fostering an environment where women can train for a wider range of jobs and break free from traditional gender roles. The commentary surrounding her announcement reflects a mix of support and skepticism regarding the progress of women's rights and equality. The piece mentions how societal expectations still shape the choices available to women, questioning whether the push for equality is genuine or merely a product of societal constructs. It also critiques the idea that girls naturally gravitate towards traditional roles, suggesting that the allure of non-traditional career paths remains limited, with more emphasis placed on conventional and decorative roles rather than groundbreaking professions like engineering or politics. Overall, the article serves as both a celebration of the efforts towards women's advancements and a reminder of the persistent stereotypes and challenges that remain. It questions the effectiveness of initiatives aimed at promoting equality while acknowledging the complexities and nuances involved in changing deeply ingrained societal views on gender roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870309_2_109.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870309.2.109,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542203200
6185,12,03,1987,"Japan’s Anti-A.I.D.S. Bill ‘draconian’ (Press, 12 March 1987)","On 12 March 1987, Peter McGill reported on a controversial anti-AIDS bill proposed in Japan, which has sparked significant debate about human rights and public health. Hoei Ohama, a spokesperson for the party behind the bill, defended its stringent measures by suggesting that safeguarding the rights of one individual could endanger the rights of many others. The proposed legislation included several severe provisions, such as prohibiting confirmed AIDS cases from engaging in sexual activity without preventive measures and enabling authorities to track their sexual partners—essentially establishing Japan as what could be perceived as the developed world's first ""sex"" police state. Medical professionals would be required to report the personal details of confirmed AIDS patients to the local government, with the potential for imprisonment for those who refused to comply. AIDs patients who knowingly participated in risky behaviours, such as blood or organ donation and promiscuity without precautions, would also face penalties. Although individuals identified as potential carriers were to undergo mandatory testing, the bill lacked clarity on how these individuals would be traced without doctors disclosing their identities. Since the announcement of the bill's outline, one Tokyo hospital saw a reduction in AIDS testing appointments, with many individuals requesting confidentiality regarding their conditions. As the AIDS epidemic began to spread beyond high-risk groups to the general population, the historical prejudices surrounding the disease continued to emerge, exacerbating Japan's already fragile progress away from isolationism and xenophobia. Several incidents highlighted this growing stigma; for instance, a Japanese waiter at a discotheque in Roppongi, identified as an AIDS victim, led to a ban on foreigners entering the venue. The Japanese Health and Welfare Ministry circulated pamphlets highlighting an association between AIDS and foreigners, illustrating this perception with a cartoon featuring a sweating Statue of Liberty looming over Mount Fuji. The pamphlet warned against sexual contact not only with high-risk individuals but also with those from countries with high AIDS cases. The narrative surrounding AIDS in Japan began with its first known case in 1985, a homosexual artist who had lived in the United States, establishing the narrative that AIDS was a “foreign disease.” This view was evident when a public bath refused entry to a foreigner based on fears of contamination and when a Filipino hostess diagnosed with AIDS was deported. The emergence of Japan’s first female AIDS victim, a 29-year-old prostitute, in January 1987 only deepened these prejudices as the media and health officials pointed to her past relationship with a foreign sailor as the source of her infection. Although there were still relatively few AIDS victims reported in Japan, estimates indicated that around 5,000 individuals were carrying the virus. Despite the xenophobic attitudes, the reality of the AIDS crisis began to dawn on the Japanese public, with health services reporting an overwhelming number of inquiries for advice. The prevalence of condom use in Japan, who have historically been less reliant on other forms of birth control, provided a degree of protection; however, high levels of male promiscuity and a robust sex industry placed Japan at significant risk of further spreading the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870312_2_163.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870312.2.163,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542462400
6184,12,03,1987,"Union Disappointed At Childcare Funding (Press, 12 March 1987)","On 12 March 1987, the Combined State Unions (C.S.U.) expressed disappointment that the New Zealand Government had not provided funding for community-based childcare centres, which they believed would significantly enhance equal employment opportunities and alleviate pressures faced by working families. The C.S.U. was presenting submissions on the Parental Leave and Employment Protection Bill, which allows both men and women to take unpaid leave to care for a newborn or adopted child, with a total leave duration of up to 12 months. In their submission, the C.S.U. highlighted that the lack of a government-funded childcare scheme would hinder the effective use of parental leave and employment protection provisions. They argued that adequate childcare services were essential to support working parents. The union expressed concern that the proposed length of parental leave—52 weeks—was insufficient and advocated for a more flexible system that would allow caregivers greater choice over when to take their leave. Additionally, the C.S.U. recommended reducing the qualifying period for parental leave from 12 months of continuous employment to just six months. They also emphasized that all employees qualifying as primary caregivers should be eligible for parental leave, as the current legislation excluded some employees. The unions pointed out that the needs of families, particularly within the Māori whanau context, were not adequately recognised in the bill. They noted that the proposed legislation discriminated against certain groups, including separated de facto couples, as well as homosexual and lesbian employees, who would not be entitled to parental leave under the current terms of the bill. This submission brought attention to the need for more inclusive and supportive measures to benefit all families within New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870312_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870312.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542462400
6186,14,03,1987,"Avoiding Hysteria In War On A.I.D.S. (Press, 14 March 1987)","The 'Economist' discusses the growing threat of A.I.D.S. and the implications of measures taken by governments in response to the disease. A recent incident in Bavaria, where an American was arrested for causing bodily harm after knowingly engaging in sexual relations while infected with A.I.D.S., highlighted the seriousness of the crisis. In response, Bavarian authorities have mandated A.I.D.S. testing for high-risk groups such as prostitutes, drug users, and civil service job applicants, while requiring certain foreigners to prove they are virus-free. The article outlines the dire situation in central Africa, where A.I.D.S. has entrenched itself over the past decade, and details the alarming statistics in the United States, where about 31,000 people have contracted the disease, with a significant portion having already died. The piece emphasises that traditional strategies for managing contagious diseases, such as quarantining, are ineffective against A.I.D.S., which is primarily spread through sexual contact and does not present immediate visible symptoms in those infected. A.I.D.S. does not spread like conventional plagues because it manifests over an extended period, often leaving individuals healthy-looking for years post-infection. Consequently, the notion of quarantine becomes impractical in Western societies, where such measures would require a level of stigmatization that contradicts modern democratic values. Instead, the 'Economist' suggests that effective strategies should focus on education and prevention, rather than compulsory identification and isolation. The article argues that compulsory testing is counterproductive as it could deter those at high risk from seeking tests, and instead calls for voluntary testing offered in clinics which have proven effective in identifying infections. Those diagnosed can then receive proper guidance to modify their behaviours, such as using condoms and reducing sexual promiscuity, which can help mitigate the spread of the virus. The discussion concludes with the assertion that while governments must manage the spread of A.I.D.S., they can do so without sacrificing individual rights or resorting to coercive tactics. Instead, constructive approaches that promote safety and informed behaviour will contribute more significantly to curbing the outbreak within society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870314_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870314.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542635200
6771,14,03,1987,"Danger Of First Impressions (Press, 14 March 1987)","In his review of Gillian Slovo's novel ""Death by Analysis,"" Ken Strongman discusses the intricacies of the story, which is published by The Women’s Press in 1986. The book features a female protagonist, Kate Beier, who serves as a private investigator in a narrative that intertwines crime and psychoanalysis. Strongman suggests that the thematic elements of the novel might evoke initial biases from readers, particularly due to its focus on emotional and psychological themes right from the start. Set in the dynamic and diverse landscape of North-East London, the plot revolves around the suspicious circumstances surrounding the death of a psychotherapist known for his avant-garde methodologies, including group therapy sessions. The investigation navigates through various social strata, highlighting the lives of the wealthy, the philosophies of street youth, and the fervent ideologies of leftist activists, all of which create a rich tapestry of modern life. Strongman describes ""Death by Analysis"" as well-crafted and engaging, noting that it transcends stereotypes often associated with female-led narratives. He appreciates the book's portrayal of complex characters and a competent detective while acknowledging that it avoids excessive introspection about personal motivations or emotions. Overall, he portrays the novel as a compelling crime story that offers depth without succumbing to cliché, making it a noteworthy addition to contemporary crime literature.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870314_2_115_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870314.2.115.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542635200
7471,16,03,1987,"A.I.D.S.-free Zone (Press, 16 March 1987)","In a letter to the editor published on 16 March 1987, Varian J. Wilson expressed concerns regarding the perception and management of AIDS in New Zealand. He noted that the country was largely free of the A.I.D.S. virus and had minimal risks of infection. Wilson referred to a trend of homosexuals returning from overseas with advanced symptoms, indicating that they were likely beyond the infectious stage by that point. He accused the narrative surrounding AIDS as being part of a larger campaign designed to incite panic ahead of a law reform vote. Wilson suggested that the Minister of Health should impose quarantine measures on known AIDS sufferers, a proposal that was met with anger by the minister. He highlighted his view that emerging statistical evidence implies AIDS is not a completely new disease but rather one that gained notoriety amidst the gay liberation movements, suggesting that hysteria surrounding gay bathhouses replaced the earlier ethos of flower power. He praised a pamphlet published by the Health Department titled ""A.I.D.S. in perspective,"" which he claimed was held back due to political pressures. According to Wilson, the pamphlet contradicted many of the media's so-called expert opinions regarding the disease and indicated that the government's public health initiatives, despite being heavily promoted, could have been more harmful than beneficial. He concluded by referring to a campaign that had tried to promote safe sex in a playful manner, illustrating his discomfort with how the government was addressing the issue. Wilson's letter reflects the tensions and misconceptions surrounding AIDS during that period, particularly in relation to public health campaigns and societal attitudes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870316_2_111_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870316.2.111.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542808000
7134,17,03,1987,"‘Run For Your Wife!' (Press, 17 March 1987)","""Run For Your Wife,"" a play by Ray Cooney directed by Paul Elliot, was presented by the Theatre of Comedy Company at the James Hay Theatre beginning on 16 March 1987. The play, which is rooted in traditional English farce, was reviewed by John Farnsworth who expressed mixed feelings about its overall quality. Despite its underlying absurdities and a plot that seems improbable, he noted the production's ability to keep the audience entertained until the final curtain. The storyline revolves around John Smith, played by Robin Askwith, who leads a double life as a bigamist taxi driver. His two wives, Mary and Barbara, portrayed by Jacki Piper and Vivienne Labone respectively, remain blissfully unaware of each other's existence until a series of comedic misadventures ensues following an accident that disrupts his carefully orchestrated schedule. Gatsby-esque misunderstandings and complications pile on as neighbour Stanley, played by Geoffrey Hughes, attempts to assist John in navigating his chaotic situation. Farnsworth acknowledged the impressive calibre of the cast, which included notable screen stars who brought a level of professionalism to the performance. He highlighted the strong chemistry among the leads, noting their impeccable timing and energy, which infused the production with a captivating charm that rivalled even high-calibre shows in London's West End. The performances were described as crisp and engaging, with moments of slapstick that evoked considerable laughter from the audience. While Farnsworth recognised that certain aspects of the script are outdated, particularly its portrayal of homosexuality and reliance on guilt-driven humour, he maintained that the adept execution by the cast made these flaws somewhat inconsequential. The reviewers seemed to appreciate the interplay of physical comedy, with memorable moments like Askwith eating a newspaper and Hughes's antics contributing significantly to the evening's humour. In summary, ""Run For Your Wife"" was evaluated as a solid representation of traditional farce, notable for its polished execution and enthusiastic performances, despite a script that showed its age. Farnsworth ultimately conveyed a sense of enjoyment, indicating that, despite its shortcomings, the production was crafted with a professionalism that ensured a rousing and entertaining experience for the audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870317_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870317.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542894400
6187,17,03,1987,"Love Triangle Motive Suggested In Slaying (Press, 17 March 1987)","A murder case in Whangaparaoa is unfolding in the High Court at Auckland, centering around the death of 27-year-old Graeme Lewis, who was killed on 31 May 1986. The accused are 33-year-old Stephen Clifford Curtis, a sickness beneficiary, and 24-year-old Colin Harold Jerry, who is unemployed. Both men have pleaded not guilty alongside 27-year-old Lawrence Beatie Jerry, also a sickness beneficiary, who is charged with suppressing evidence to help his brother avoid arrest. During the closing arguments, Crown prosecutor Roy Ladd presented a theory suggesting a love triangle as a potential motive for the murder, highlighting tensions between Colin Jerry and Graeme Lewis due to Lewis's relationship with Curtis. Ladd noted that Colin Jerry exhibited signs of jealousy and aggression towards Lewis and that discussions about killing Lewis had taken place between Curtis and Colin. He pointed out that Colin had previously made advances toward Lewis, which were not reciprocated, leading to increased animosity. Ladd argued that Curtis played a crucial role in the planning of the murder, presenting various motives such as jealousy and revenge. While defence attorneys attempted to argue that the accused were under the influence of drugs or alcohol at the time, Ladd maintained that evidence indicated otherwise, emphasising Curtis’s clear recollection of events on the day of the murder. The defence teams for the accused sought to differentiate between the charges. Barry Hart, representing Lawrence Jerry, insisted that the jury must not let the murder charge against Colin Jerry affect their judgement of Lawrence's actions. Simon Lockhart, representing Curtis, contended that his client acted as a responsible citizen by reporting Lewis's murder, which sparked the police investigation. Lockhart argued that Curtis's immediate reporting of the homicide contradicted the notion of his guilt, while Paul Trehey, representing Colin Jerry, claimed Curtis exploited the Jerry brothers, planning the murder while using them as scapegoats. He described Curtis's statements as unreliable and suggested that the circumstances leading to the murder were convoluted and emotionally charged. As the trial progresses, the jury is tasked with carefully weighing the evidence presented and determining the respective guilt of the accused in this complex case involving personal relationships and potential motives tied to jealousy and betrayal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870317_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870317.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542894400
7206,18,03,1987,"A.I.D.S. Vaccine Years Away, Say Scientists (Press, 18 March 1987)","A recent survey involving 227 biomedical scientists suggests that a vaccine and cure for AIDS may be available by the year 2010. The findings indicate that 28 per cent of scientists expect a cure will become generally available within the 1990s, while 24 per cent predict it will be achieved in the first decade of the 21st century. Conversely, 15 per cent of respondents believed that a cure may never be found. The survey also provided insight into other health concerns, with 34 per cent of scientists citing cardiovascular disease as the leading health issue in industrialised nations by the year 2000, followed by age-related problems at 27 per cent, and only 7 per cent identifying AIDS as a significant health challenge. In a related development, the British Government has approved a new life-prolonging drug for AIDS patients. The drug, known as Retrovir (AZT), is not a cure and does not prevent infection, but it has shown promise in alleviating symptoms and extending the lives of those affected. The Secretary of Health, Mr. Norman Fowler, announced that the British drug company Wellcome Foundation has received a product licence to market Retrovir immediately. Clinical trials have included approximately 3,000 patients in the United States and around 300 in Europe, including a dozen British participants. Reports indicate that those who began taking Retrovir a year ago are still alive. The cost of the medication is expected to be around £125 ($352) for 100 pills, but it is anticipated that Retrovir will be available through the National Health Service (NHS). Patients are required to take six to ten pills daily for the treatment. A representative from the drug company acknowledged that while Retrovir may not be effective for every patient and does come with potential side effects, it has the potential to significantly improve the quality of life for many individuals living with AIDS, offering them renewed hope.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870318_2_188.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870318.2.188,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542980800
6772,18,03,1987,"The Entertainers Scandal—the Force That Launches... (Press, 18 March 1987)","The article from 18 March 1987, written by Robin Corry, explores how scandals have often propelled individuals into the limelight, turning them into stars. It begins with the example of Mandy Smith, a 16-year-old model whose high-profile romance with Rolling Stones musician Bill Wyman at the age of 13 shocked the world. This controversy significantly boosted her career, leading to lucrative modelling contracts and substantial earnings, including a $1.4 million deal with Brutus jeans, as well as expensive personal purchases like a house and a car. Corry goes on to highlight other celebrities who have benefitted from scandalous associations. Brooke Shields, who found fame at a young age after playing a child prostitute in the film ""Pretty Baby,"" saw her career flourish despite—or perhaps because of—media controversies surrounding her. Shields' provocative Calvin Klein advertisements stirred outrage but resulted in increased jeans sales and skyrocketing income from her film roles. Victoria Principal's career was also marked by scandal, as her association with older men while still in high school brought her notoriety. Her relationship with financier Bernie Cornfeld resulted in a lavish lifestyle and eventual court drama. Despite the tumultuous experiences, Principal reflected positively on her journey, emphasizing a sense of empowerment through her choices. Koo Stark, whose roles in soft-porn films ultimately ended her romance with Prince Andrew, expressed regret for her early career decisions. Despite this, she acknowledged that her fame facilitated her royal connection, highlighting the complexities of public perceptions shaped by scandal. Donna Summer's story illustrates a different angle, as she initially abandoned her aspirations for domestic life but had a transformative moment that led her back to music and, subsequently, her rise to stardom. Mandy Rice-Davies is another multi-faceted personality whose fame burgeoned following her involvement in the Profumo affair in the 1960s. While the scandal involved allegations of immorality, Rice-Davies successfully reinvented herself as a respected actress and author with a thriving career. The article concludes by noting that scandal, while often damaging, can also create pathways to success. It references the post-political career of Richard Nixon, who, despite a major scandal, managed to reinvent himself as a respected elder statesman. The piece suggests that media portrayal plays a significant role in this dynamic, transforming scandalous figures into compelling personalities deserving of attention and admiration. New York psychiatrist Robert Anstein notes that media-driven narratives often highlight the positive traits of those who experience scandal, ultimately crafting a fascinating story that captivates the public.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870318_2_126.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870318.2.126,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,542980800
6773,21,03,1987,"Father In One Corner . . . (Press, 21 March 1987)","In his 1986 novel ""The Good Father,"" Peter Prince explores the complex emotional landscape surrounding custody battles, a theme that has gained prominence in literature over the last decade, echoing works like ""Kramer versus Kramer."" The novel delves into the painful tug-of-war between estranged partners, who display a range of negative emotions—depression, disappointment, anger, and fear—as they fight for control over their child after the collapse of their relationship. Unique to this story is the portrayal of the titular ""good father,"" who, rather than directly engaging with his own custody issues, manipulates a friend's similar predicament to legally wrest custody away from the child's caring mother. The narrative further addresses societal challenges, specifically the non-acceptance of an active lesbian attempting to raise a male child with her partner, highlighting the biases and social stigma that complicate custody arrangements. The psychological tactics employed by lawyers take centre stage, demonstrating how personal prejudices of judges can be exploited during legal battles, thereby affecting the outcomes for families involved. Prince's writing is noted for its realistic depiction of damaged individuals attempting to navigate their pain through unhealthy means such as alcohol and fleeting sexual encounters. The author paints a vivid picture of fractured familial relationships and the effort to provide brief periods of enjoyment for confused children. Despite the breakdown of traditional family structures, the novel underscores the deep emotional scars left on children when they are separated from significant parental figures. Unger’s review encapsulates the essence of the novel, illustrating how it not only addresses the despair surrounding custody conflicts but also reflects contemporary societal challenges regarding family dynamics, further contributing to the discourse on what constitutes a family in modern society. The ache felt by a child amid the fallout of a fracturing relationship remains a poignant theme, signalling a critical examination of personal and societal values during a transformative time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870321_2_126_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870321.2.126.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543240000
6774,21,03,1987,"New Iron Age Romp (Press, 21 March 1987)","""The Fires of Bride,"" a novel by Ellen Galford published by The Women’s Press/Century Hutchinson in 1986, is a humorous exploration of lesbian relationships set on a fictional Scottish island called Cailleach. The island, inspired by the Outer Hebrides, is steeped in pagan mythology and features remnants of its past, such as a circle of stones. Although it has traces of Christianity, the narrative reveals that Cailleach was also the site of a convent founded by Saint Bride, aiming to provide women a space to thrive away from male influence. The story revolves around Dr Catriona McEochan, a local landowner and general practitioner who actively supports the arts. She becomes involved with Maria Milleny, a young woman whose creativity and emotional well-being are stifled in London. Catriona hopes to nurture Maria’s artistic talents, but their romantic relationship becomes unfulfilling, leading to a sterility in their partnership. The catalyst for Maria's transformation comes when she decides to live independently. It is during her solitude that she connects with the symbolic and literal ""Fire of Saint Bride,"" spurring her to create art from scrap metal found on the island. As Maria begins to forge her own identity and artistic style, crafting Iron Age-inspired monuments, she gains both fame and personal satisfaction. Meanwhile, Catriona continues to weave her intricate schemes, highlighting the complexities of their relationship dynamics. The novel also offers a satirical take on the tourism industry and reflects the British public's ambivalence towards the culture of the Western Isles. While the book is entertaining and well-written, the reviewer, Glyn Strange, remarks that the logo of The Women’s Press, which features an iron associated with traditional household roles, constrains the broader themes of the novel. Nonetheless, Strange concludes that Galford and her characters transcend such limits, showcasing depth and creativity throughout the narrative.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870321_2_126_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870321.2.126.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543240000
6188,23,03,1987,"Veteran Actor Dies (Press, 23 March 1987)","Robert Preston, renowned for his dynamic portrayal of a fast-talking band instrument salesman in “The Music Man,” passed away at the age of 68 on 23 March 1987. Friends of the actor reported that he had been suffering from lung cancer for an extended period. He was admitted to Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital two days prior to his death and passed away peacefully, as confirmed by hospital supervisor Elifa Statzer. Preston, who experienced numerous forgettable film roles throughout his lengthy career, received an Oscar nomination at the age of 64 for his performance as a homosexual nightclub singer in the film “Victor-Victoria,” though he did not win. Despite this, he remained best known for his role in “The Music Man,” which he starred in on Broadway for two years, cementing his place in theatrical history. Born Robert Maservy on 8 June 1918 in Los Angeles, Preston was signed by Paramount Pictures when he was just 19 years old. He featured in several notable films early in his career, including “Union Pacific,” “Northwest Mounted Police,” and “Reap the Wild Wind,” under the direction of Cecil B. De Mille. He also had a memorable role in “Beau Geste” as the self-sacrificing character Digby before serving in the Air Force during World War II. After the war, he returned to the screen, featuring in films like “The Macomber Affair.” His career took a pivotal turn in 1951 when he replaced José Ferrer in a Broadway revival of the 1920s farce “Twentieth Century,” which marked the beginning of his second stage career. It was during this period that he achieved widespread acclaim for his role in “The Music Man,” starting in 1957, which introduced him to millions of fans. Throughout his nearly 45-year career, Preston appeared in approximately 40 films before deciding to take a step back from the spotlight. However, he made a return to acting in 1980 with roles in movies such as “5.0.8.” and “Outrage!” Throughout his life, he had two marriages to actresses, Kay Felton and Catherine Craig. Preston upheld the belief that being able to work and do what one loves is a true blessing for any actor. His legacy remains significant in both theatre and film, marking him as a beloved figure in the entertainment industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870323_2_61_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870323.2.61.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543412800
6775,24,03,1987,"British Labour Set To Self-destruct (Press, 24 March 1987)","On 24 March 1987, Robert Taylor from the London ""Observer"" reported on the turmoil within Britain’s Labour Party following a disappointing parliamentary by-election in Greenwich, a former stronghold for the party which was lost to the Social Democrats. This defeat has led to intense infighting and public self-destruction reminiscent of Labour's disastrous 1983 general election loss. The blame game within the party began with accusations of Leftwing extremism negatively impacting Labour’s candidate in Greenwich. A leaked letter from Neil Kinnock's press aide, Patricia Hewitt, highlighted concerns that an excessive focus on issues like gay and lesbian rights was alienating older voters, especially pensioners. The fallout from the Greenwich result was compounded when former Labour Prime Minister Jim Callaghan openly critiqued the party’s anti-nuclear defence policy during a parliamentary speech. Callaghan has a history of dissent regarding the party's plan to unilaterally remove American nuclear missiles from Britain—an issue that may have cost Labour votes in the past. In his speech, which garnered significant applause from Conservative members, Callaghan argued that the presence of cruise and Pershing missiles in Western Europe, necessitated by the Soviet threat, had contributed to the recent offer from Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev regarding the removal of intermediate nuclear missiles from the continent. He expressed scepticism about negotiating with the Soviet Union, suggesting that they would merely accept concessions without reciprocating. Callaghan’s remarks starkly conflicted with Labour's policy, which calls for remaining in NATO, reallocating funds saved from scrapping the nuclear arsenal toward conventional forces, and withdrawing American nuclear bases without expecting any reciprocal actions from the Soviets. In response to his dissent, members of the Labour Party publicly rebuked Callaghan. Denis Healey, Labour’s Foreign Affairs spokesman, labelled him an “old man” responsible for significant harm to the party. John Prescott, part of the party’s leadership, confronted Callaghan in a Commons tearoom, accusing him of sabotaging Labour's chances in consecutive elections. As Labour grappled with internal conflict, the Conservatives are relishing the party's disarray, with opinion polls beginning to favour Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and indicating a resurgence of the Social Democratic Alliance. The situation appears increasingly precarious for Labour, with growing fears among some party members that they could face a catastrophic electoral defeat similar to that experienced in 1983.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870324_2_113_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870324.2.113.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543499200
6776,25,03,1987,"Helping To Balance The Scales In Fiji (Press, 25 March 1987)","Patricia Jalal, a 26-year-old lawyer returning to Fiji after studying law in Auckland, confronted a stark culture shock, noting the troubling status of women in Fijian society. She expressed concern over the overt discrimination in law and education, stating that women are often seen as second-class citizens, dependent on men. Despite her aspirations to be a lawyer, her family's expectations pushed her towards marriage and children, with her father suggesting that her desire for independence was only understandable if she were unattractive. Choosing to remain single, Patricia highlighted both the struggle to find a partner who shares her views on marriage and cultural expectations for women to marry within their race. Her activism was sparked by the plight of garment workers who protested for better wages in early 1986, which led to a short-lived law establishing a minimum wage before being revoked due to manufacturers' complaints. In response to ongoing issues concerning women's rights, Patricia and a group of advocates from the Women's Crisis Centre founded the Fiji Women’s Rights Movement to address employment discrimination, immigration laws, and the narrow legal definitions surrounding rape and domestic violence. The movement aimed to reform laws that currently provided inadequate protection for battered women and limited rights for divorced women concerning property ownership and maintenance. They also began engaging with political candidates to gauge their views on women's rights and equality in education and employment. Despite the absence of a revolutionary approach, Patricia insisted on the importance of gradual change, which would also respect the diverse racial and cultural landscape of Fiji. A notable decision was to exclude abortion from the movement’s agenda due to the societal stigma surrounding it in Fiji, particularly among various religious communities. This risk of losing broader support led to strategic choices focusing on building credibility first. Holding a position as a government lawyer, Patricia sought to foster dialogue around women’s issues in schools and other public forums, gaining constructive responses despite challenges stemming from her activism. As she navigated the complexities of advocating for women's rights, Patricia expressed a sense of isolation stemming from her cultural background, particularly as traditional practices still dominated social events. Despite these challenges, she remained committed to her mission, indicating how critical it is to establish a strong and united front for women’s rights in Fiji.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870325_2_96_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870325.2.96.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543585600
6190,25,03,1987,"One In 10 Tested Has Positive Antibodies (Press, 25 March 1987)","In Auckland, the Burnett A.I.D.S. clinic, which opened nine months ago, has reported that one in ten clients tested positive for antibodies associated with the disease. According to clinic counsellor Mr Dick Johnstone, there has been a significant change in the type of individuals seeking assistance. Initially, the clinic catered mostly to the “worried well,” people who were frightened and had delayed seeking help until the clinic's establishment, often due to misinformation about the disease's transmission, including misconceptions that kissing posed a risk. Now, the clientele has shifted to include more individuals with genuinely high-risk behaviours. The ratio of those being referred for medical testing has doubled from one in four to one in two. Since its opening in June, the clinic has seen 1,045 clients. Among them, nine have been diagnosed with A.I.D.S., and 98 have tested positive for the antibodies. Notably, many from the latter group were previously diagnosed by their general practitioners or hospitals, and sought the clinic for support and counselling. Only 6 per cent of those tested at the clinic were positive. Demographically, the majority of those with positive tests were homosexual and bisexual men, but there were also cases among nine women, seven heterosexual men, and six intravenous drug users. Approximately one quarter of those testing positive were experiencing symptoms such as rashes, respiratory issues, and deep depression. Mr Johnstone emphasised that much of the clinic's focus is on helping these individuals cope with the anxiety surrounding the possibility of contracting a potentially fatal illness. To facilitate emotional expression, Mr Johnstone encourages clients to openly share their feelings. For those who become ill, the clinic offers a seven-week “wellness course” designed to enhance physical, mental, and spiritual health, based on an American cancer-therapy model. This approach integrates conventional medical treatment with the patient’s own doctor, alongside diet, exercise, and complementary therapies including naturopathy and electroacupuncture. Mr Johnstone reported that the course, while challenging, yields impressive results in alleviating symptoms such as depression, respiratory problems, and rashes, notably improving clients' self-esteem.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870325_2_199.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870325.2.199,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543585600
6189,25,03,1987,"South Pacific ‘easy Victim Of A.I.D.S.’ (Press, 25 March 1987)","On 25 March 1987, Australian government officials expressed serious concern regarding the potential for an A.I.D.S. epidemic in the South Pacific. The region, which includes New Zealand and Australia, is already witnessing cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, with 25 reported cases in New Zealand and around 400 in Australia. The virus has reportedly reached some Pacific Islands, although cases remain relatively low. Professor David Pennington, a former director of the Australian Advisory Council on A.I.D.S., warned that without swift preventive measures, the South Pacific could face a severe outbreak similar to those seen in Africa. Experts pointed out that the South Pacific has historically been susceptible to the introduction of new diseases due to its appeal for tourism, exacerbated by social behaviours such as high promiscuity rates and cultural traditions of bisexuality, which could facilitate the disease's spread. Pennington compared the situation in the South Pacific to Africa, suggesting that A.I.D.S. might initially surface among homosexual populations before spreading into the heterosexual community. Current estimates of A.I.D.S. cases in Pacific Island communities are inconsistent, with only a few reported cases and little public awareness or health initiatives in place, as noted by Elizabeth Reid, who recently toured several islands. She stressed the urgent need for public discussion and health plans to combat the looming threat, emphasising that the region may lack preparedness to handle such a crisis. Furthermore, she highlighted the cultural practices in some areas, such as the resurgence of tattooing with unsterilised instruments, which could further complicate prevention efforts. The implications of A.I.D.S. could be devastating, particularly given the small populations of the island nations. Reid pointed out that while Africa has a larger population, the proportional impact of A.I.D.S. on the smaller populations in the South Pacific could be equally severe. She shared a personal connection to the cause, noting that her husband had died from A.I.D.S. after a blood transfusion in Africa. Despite the alarming signs and risks, only Australia and New Zealand have established comprehensive plans to tackle the health crisis. Many smaller nations in the Pacific, however, may be unable to implement substantial prevention strategies due to financial constraints. The Australian government is set to invest approximately NZ$12 million in A.I.D.S. research and prevention in the coming year, and efforts are underway to enhance blood screening procedures. The World Health Organisation has recognised Australia's proactive approach and called for a meeting of Pacific Island health leaders to collaborate on A.I.D.S. prevention strategies. As tourism peaks, particularly with events like the annual Drag Queen Festival in Western Samoa, health officials continue to warn that without immediate action, the South Pacific could face a critical health emergency.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870325_2_180.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870325.2.180,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543585600
7207,27,03,1987,"A.I.D.S. Drug Expected (Press, 27 March 1987)","A drug that may extend the lives of A.I.D.S. patients is expected to be available in New Zealand starting in May 1987. The medication, A.Z.T. (azidothymidine), was developed by the American pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome and has already received marketing approval in the United States, Britain, and France. Mr. Bob Williamson, the general manager of Wellcome New Zealand, stated that the company is currently awaiting approval from the Health Department and is optimistic about making A.Z.T. available within the next two months. The drug will be marketed in New Zealand under the name Retrovir. Clinical trials have indicated that A.Z.T. can slow the progression of A.I.D.S., a disease that severely compromises the immune system. However, the anticipated cost for patients in New Zealand is quite high, estimated between $28,000 and $40,000 for a year's treatment. Mr. Williamson mentioned that this expense would be covered by taxpayers since A.I.D.S. patients receive treatment in hospitals, funded through hospital boards. As of the time of the report, there have been 37 diagnosed cases of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, with 24 of those located in Auckland. The disease has had a severe impact, as nearly half of those patients have succumbed to it. Dr. Ellis Pegler, an infectious diseases physician at Auckland Hospital, cautioned that while A.Z.T. shows promise, it is not a cure for A.I.D.S. He warned that the drug carries significant side effects at the recommended doses, particularly impacting blood cells, which has led many patients in the United States to require blood transfusions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870327_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870327.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,543758400
6191,31,03,1987,"A.I.D.S. Patients Turn To Street Formula Drugs (Press, 31 March 1987)","According to a report by the ""Chicago Sun-Times"" on 31 March 1987, underground clinics in over 40 cities across the United States are providing homemade experimental medications to A.I.D.S. patients seeking alternatives in their treatment. These clinics operate discreetly to sidestep legal challenges and avoid confrontation with anti-homosexuality activists. Volunteers, utilising telephone answering machines and mail services, manage these clandestine operations. The clinics create affordable versions of experimental compounds, sharing recipes for A.I.D.S. treatments that are not yet sanctioned by government authorities. Several thousand self-identified ""guinea pigs,"" including individuals with A.I.D.S. and related conditions, have sought out the drugs, often through sympathetic doctors or advertisements in LGBTQ publications. The first of these underground clinics was established by a man named Jim Henry in San Francisco in January 1986. Henry combined dinitrochlorobenzene (D.N.C.B.), a chemical typically used in photography, with alcohol and lotion, claiming that this mixture enhanced the immune system. As a person living with A.I.D.S., he asserted that his condition improved after using this treatment and witnessing similar positive outcomes in others. Henry reported that he began distributing a street version of another experimental compound known as A.L. 721, which is being researched as a potential A.I.D.S. therapy. He indicated that A.Z.T. is currently the only A.I.D.S. medication approved by federal authorities, and so far, he has not faced any governmental backlash for his activities. The report highlights the desperation among A.I.D.S. patients for effective treatments, driving them to seek out unverified and potentially dangerous alternatives in the absence of approved medical options.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870331_2_87_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870331.2.87.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544104000
6193,02,04,1987,"America’s Gay Priests (Press, 2 April 1987)","In an article by W. J. Weatherby published on 2 April 1987, the discussion revolves around the evolving perception of clergy within the Catholic Church regarding issues of sexuality, particularly homosexuality. The piece references the historical context, noting that over 40 years prior, author Graham Greene had caused quite a stir among Catholics by suggesting that even a priest who fathered a child could still be considered a saint. More recently, Father Andrew Greenley highlighted the existence of a cardinal leading a secret life akin to that of a soap opera character. The article reveals that a study has prompted American Catholics to consider that approximately one-fifth of priests in the United States may identify as gay. This conclusion comes from limited case histories spanning 25 years and has gained considerable media attention, particularly following a stricter stance from the Vatican on homosexuality. In response to this, several American bishops have prohibited groups that support homosexual activity from using church facilities for meetings and services. However, accusations have emerged from gay groups asserting that the bishops are more accepting of homosexual priests than they publicly admit. They have brought forward testimonies from former priests who identify as gay and continue to serve within the priesthood. The article explains that discussions surrounding priests' sexual activities—both homosexual and heterosexual—have often remained hidden, with only occasional scandals or court cases shedding light on these issues. Previously, the media handled ecclesiastical scandals carefully, but the recent wave of allegations and discussions has brought these matters into the spotlight. A notable mention is made of a “Newsweek” study titled “Gays in the clergy,” signifying a shift in how such topics are reported. Due to the clandestine nature of such activities, obtaining accurate data is challenging, but psychologist Richard Sipe, a former priest, suggested through interviews that about 20 per cent of the 57,000 Catholic priests in America are homosexual, with half of them likely being sexually active. Sipe also believes this number has increased since 1978. The article argues that while the current debates might seem focused solely on homosexuality, they instead reflect a broader challenge to redefine the expectations of modern Christianity. Homosexuals assert that they should not be scapegoated, as the real issue extends beyond sexual orientation to encompass the relationship dynamics between church leaders and their congregants in contemporary society. These discussions indicate a significant cultural shift and potential crisis within the Catholic Church regarding its understanding and acceptance of sexual diversity among its clergy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870402_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870402.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544276800
7208,02,04,1987,"High Cost Of A.I.D.S. Drug Daunting (Press, 2 April 1987)","According to a report from 2 April 1987 by David Brough of NZPA, many American patients suffering from A.I.D.S. are facing a distressing dilemma due to the exorbitant costs of a newly approved treatment drug, AZT. The annual treatment price is estimated to be between US$7,000 and US$10,000, which poses a significant barrier for patients without private health insurance or those who do not meet the poverty requirements for federal Medicaid support. In the United States, approximately 30,000 A.I.D.S. cases have been diagnosed, and the disease, characterized by the deterioration of the immune system, leads to a range of opportunistic infections. It is transmitted through bodily fluids, mainly during sexual contact and through the use of tainted blood products and needles. AZT, or azidothymidine, is notable as the first drug approved for A.I.D.S. treatment after trials indicated it can slow the disease's progression, although it does not cure it. Developed by Burroughs Wellcome in North Carolina, the medication has also gained marketing approval in countries such as Britain and France. The high cost of AZT has left many patients feeling hopeless. Jay Van Horne, an A.I.D.S. patient involved in hotline support, highlighted the devastation experienced by those who cannot afford treatment. Lori Behrman, affiliated with the Gay Men’s Health Crisis Hotline in New York, expressed concern, questioning how such an expensive drug could be accessible to those in dire need. There are fears among many patients, such as Archie Harrison, who has benefited from free AZT through clinical trials, that the FDA's approval could lead to the end of accessible treatment options. A representative from Burroughs Wellcome acknowledged the high price of AZT is a result of substantial production and development costs. Nevertheless, efforts were made to price the drug thoughtfully considering patients' needs. For those with private health insurance that includes prescription drug coverage, there remains a glimmer of hope for being able to afford AZT treatment. The Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association confirmed that their plans would cover FDA-approved medications like AZT for insured individuals. The escalating costs of A.I.D.S. treatment raise urgent questions regarding healthcare accessibility and the ethical implications of drug pricing, particularly for life-sustaining medications in a period where the disease poses significant challenges to public health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870402_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870402.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544276800
7698,02,04,1987,"Liquor Advertising (Press, 2 April 1987)","In letters published in response to a recent decision by the Broadcasting Corporation to permit television advertising for alcohol, two writers express contrasting views on the issue. R. A. Knight expresses significant concern about the potential impact of alcohol advertising on New Zealand society, particularly on the youth. He argues that advertising goes beyond simply promoting a brand, as it employs sophisticated marketing strategies that could exacerbate peer pressure among young people to consume alcohol excessively. Knight criticises the Broadcasting Corporation for prioritising profits over public health, noting that the negative consequences of alcohol consumption—such as road accidents, violence, and crime—should take precedence over the financial interests of brewery shareholders. He disapproves of the idea that corporate wealth should be prioritised over the well-being of the community. In contrast, R. Campbell's letter portrays a different perspective on societal priorities. He critiques New Zealand's handling of various serious issues, such as sodomy, the treatment of criminals, and the leniency shown towards sexual offences, suggesting a disparity in the seriousness assigned to these matters compared to the controversy surrounding alcohol advertising on television. Campbell implies that society's outrage over the prospect of alcohol commercials is disproportionate, given the more severe societal issues that appear to be overlooked. His commentary suggests a lack of logical consistency in how concerns are prioritised in public discourse. Overall, these letters reflect a broader societal debate in 1987 about the implications of alcohol advertising and the values that guide New Zealand’s approach to media regulation and public health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870402_2_132_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870402.2.132.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544276800
6192,02,04,1987,"Needles Need Reiterated (Press, 2 April 1987)","On 2 April 1987, the A.I.D.S. Foundation in Auckland renewed its advocacy for the sale of needles to drug addicts, following the alarming discovery that four heterosexual intravenous drug users tested positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies. Ms Kate Leslie, the foundation's chairman, addressed the issue, emphasising that the spread of the disease could be effectively mitigated by making clean needles and syringes available at chemists' shops in exchange for used ones. The positive test results came from the latest batch at the Burnett A.I.D.S. Clinic in Auckland. It was noted that the four male drug users, residing in Auckland, were neither bisexual nor homosexual, indicating that their infection was exclusively linked to the sharing of contaminated needles. Ms Leslie said that this situation demonstrates that the issue of infected intravenous drug users is increasingly prevalent in the community. She highlighted the urgency of the problem, attributing it to the challenges drug users face in obtaining clean needles and syringes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870402_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870402.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544276800
6777,03,04,1987,"Ill Met By Moonlight (Press, 3 April 1987)","On 3 April 1987, an update was provided on the British television series ""East Enders,"" which was reportedly gaining a larger audience. The programme is noted for its ability to seamlessly engage viewers, as it follows familiar characters grappling with personal troubles amid a setting that reflects everyday struggles. The portrayal of life within the series involves confrontational interactions among characters, with adults frequently yelling and babies crying, encapsulating a world filled with despair yet peppered with moments of misguided optimism. The depiction of life in ""East Enders"" resonates universally albeit enriched with distinct Cockney accents. In contrast, the series ""Moonlighting"" is described as catering to a more affluent audience, showcasing a dynamic duo of a wealthy man and woman who, despite their luxurious lifestyles, are grounded in basic values. The series features the characters of Maddie Hayes, portrayed by Cybill Shepherd, and David Addison, played by Bruce Willis. The review suggests that while ""Moonlighting"" maintains an upbeat tone with witty banter and engaging arguments, it struggles with pacing as episodes unfold slowly without much substantial plot development. What stands out in the series is the chemistry between the lead characters; their rapid-fire exchanges seem genuine and relatable, despite occasionally bordering on the fantastical. The latest episode of “Moonlighting” contained a lengthy soliloquy by Shepherd’s character but ultimately revolved around her relationship with Addison. An intriguing moment occurred when Addison's ex-wife revealed her sexual orientation, yet the series refrained from directly addressing it openly. The author concludes with a reflection on the presentation of news, expressing frustration at frequently having to witness the stock market alongside news updates, likening it to having to review sports results daily. Overall, the review offers a comparative look at the two television series, highlighting their different target demographics and styles while delving into the substance—or lack thereof—present in their narratives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870403_2_95_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870403.2.95.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544363200
7472,03,04,1987,"Reagan’s View On A.l.D.S. (Press, 3 April 1987)","On 3 April 1987, President Ronald Reagan delivered his first major address regarding the growing concern over Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) at the Philadelphia College of Physicians. He emphasised the importance of preventative measures against the disease, advocating for education programmes that highlight both abstinence and the use of condoms. Reagan asserted that AIDS prevention must not be ""value neutral,"" suggesting that ethical considerations should inform educational strategies. Reagan acknowledged the significant medical advancements made in the fight against AIDS but maintained that prevention is paramount. He stressed that the government's role should be to disseminate accurate information and allow families and schools the discretion to determine how to use that information. Although he did not elaborate on the specific values to be taught in AIDS education, his comments aligned him with conservative figures, including Education Secretary William Bennett, who advocate for monogamy and abstinence as essential components in controlling the disease. In response to questions about whether condom use should be taught in schools, Reagan supported the idea, provided it is taught alongside moral values. He expressed concern that current sex education often neglects the emphasis on abstinence, which many conservatives argue is a necessary stance to prevent sexual activity among young people. In addition to his remarks on AIDS, Reagan addressed the politically sensitive issue of medical malpractice. He urged Congress to reform liability laws, drawing attention to the need for ethical standards within the legal profession, likening it to a Hippocratic Oath for lawyers. He suggested that this would encourage lawyers to avoid unethical behaviours and practices. Reagan capitalised on the opportunity to advocate for another significant administration priority: health insurance for the elderly facing catastrophic illnesses. He called for new strategies to manage the rising costs of healthcare but reiterated his opposition to any government-imposed cost containment measures, asserting that the strength of American medicine lies in its private structure. Overall, Reagan's address conveyed a sense of urgency regarding AIDS prevention, advocating for a combination of moral education and practical health measures. He sought to redefine the government's role in public health education while addressing broader healthcare issues, marking a significant moment in the national conversation about AIDS, ethics, and healthcare reforms in the United States.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870403_2_63_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870403.2.63.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544363200
7288,09,04,1987,"Committee Defers Name Of New A.I.D.S. Clinic (Press, 9 April 1987)","In April 1987, plans for naming a new A.I.D.S. clinic located on Tuam Street were postponed following a meeting between the A.I.D.S. Support Network and the Canterbury Hospital Board. The network had proposed the name ""Lambda Centre,"" referencing the eleventh letter of the Greek alphabet, commonly associated with the disease. However, the board's health services committee expressed displeasure over not being informed about the clinic's opening. Committee chairwoman Mrs June Gardiner stated that the network was wrong to proceed without gaining clarity on the clinic's function from the board. Dr David Andrews, the medical superintendent of Christchurch Hospital, indicated that while the clinic was not directly under his authority, it fell under board policy due to being located on board property. He noted his unawareness of both the clinic's opening and the appointment of a new counsellor. Dr Andrews clarified that he was not informed that the clinic intended to conduct medical examinations or blood tests, maintaining that it was initially sanctioned solely for counselling services. Tom Grigg, chairman of the board, suggested that the clinic need not have a distinctive name apart from its function, advocating for it to be simply referred to as the A.I.D.S. centre. Following the discussion, the committee consented to meet with members of the A.I.D.S. Support Network to further deliberate the naming issue and clarify the clinic's services.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870409_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870409.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544881600
6194,10,04,1987,"A.I.D.S. Clinic Name (Press, 10 April 1987)","On 10 April 1987, the A.I.D.S. Support Network announced its rejection of a proposal to name the new A.I.D.S. clinic on Tuam Street the Lambda Centre. The network co-ordinator, Mr Ian Smith, expressed concerns that the term ""lambda"" carries homosexual connotations and noted that there is currently a Lambda Centre in Christchurch. The suggestion to use ""Lambda"" originated from a member of the Canterbury Hospital Board, who pointed out that lambda, as the eleventh letter of the Greek alphabet, is frequently associated with A.I.D.S. as a symbol. Instead, the A.I.D.S. Support Network proposed naming the clinic the Ettie Rout Centre, however, the Canterbury Hospital Board's policy prohibits naming facilities after individuals. Despite this, Mr Smith articulated the network's ongoing support for the Ettie Rout Centre name, emphasising the historical significance of Ettie Rout's contributions during World War I. He highlighted her notable efforts to combat sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhoea and syphilis, by distributing condoms and educational material to troops upon their arrival in France. Ettie Rout’s work in promoting sexual health had been recognised abroad, particularly in France and England, but had largely gone unacknowledged in New Zealand. Mr Smith felt that naming the clinic after her would be fitting, as it aligns well with the mission of the clinic and reflects its focus on education and prevention in relation to sexually transmitted diseases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870410_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870410.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544968000
7209,10,04,1987,"May Date For Drug? (Press, 10 April 1987)","On 10 April 1987, it was reported that supplies of the drug azidethymidine (AZT), which is used to treat patients with AIDS, are expected to be available in New Zealand by mid-May. This announcement was made by the Minister of Health, Dr Bassett, during a Parliamentary session where he addressed questions regarding the American-made medication. Dr Bassett indicated that the drug was undergoing the approval process by the Health Department, paving the way for its distribution in the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870410_2_53.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870410.2.53,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544968000
6195,10,04,1987,"Needles For Addicts (Press, 10 April 1987)","In a letter published on 10 April 1987, Varian J. Wilson expresses strong opinions regarding the challenges of addressing issues related to addiction and diseases such as AIDS. Wilson notes his experience working with alcoholics and drug addicts, describing them as charming but lamenting their behaviours. He argues that education has limited impact on intravenous drug addicts, who he sees as not being reasonable in their decision-making. Wilson controversially categorises addicts, active homosexuals, and child molesters under a common statistical profile of obsessives, suggesting that their behaviours may share similarities that complicate predictions about their actions. Emphasising a need for straightforward answers from medical authorities in the fight against disease, he criticises the extensive media commentary influenced by homosexual organisations and AIDS sufferers. Wilson questions the data regarding AIDS victims in New Zealand, specifically seeking clarity on how many have contracted the virus through transfusions, shared needles, or heterosexual contact. Additionally, he raises concerns about the number of women who have died from AIDS in both America and Africa, urging for more concrete information rather than continuous rhetoric. Overall, Wilson's letter presents a call for more effective strategies and clarity in addressing the complex issues of addiction and disease transmission.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870410_2_113_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870410.2.113.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,544968000
7391,11,04,1987,"Only Nine Patients To Get A.I.D.S. Drug (Press, 11 April 1987)","On 11 April 1987, reports emerged that only about nine out of the 28 New Zealanders who had died from AIDS would be able to access Retrovir, a life-extending drug, when it became available next month. The New Zealand Health Department was developing a system to determine which patients would be allowed to use the scarce medication, a decision that would inevitably leave many without access. Retrovir, produced by Burroughs Wellcome in the United States and Wellcome in Britain, was in limited supply globally, leading to a rationing system based on the number of reported cases in each country. Ken Swann, the acting manager of medicines and benefits within the Health Department in Wellington, indicated that Wellcome New Zealand anticipated being able to provide enough Retrovir for about 18 patients three months after its introduction, although the timeframe for meeting overall demand was uncertain. The cost of treatment with Retrovir was projected to reach up to NZ$18,000 a year, approximately NZ$45 per day, which was seen as more economical compared to the NZ$200 daily expense of hospitalising a patient. The Health Department was exploring various options for the drug’s allocation, including the possibility of limiting prescriptions to a select number of doctors or restricting its availability to hospital settings. The department awaited guidance from the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee regarding the implementation of an allocation system. Swann noted the challenging nature of the decisions facing the medical community, stating that any determinations would have to be made on clinical grounds. He added that while the drug could have significant side effects, some patients might choose not to take it. Moreover, recent findings indicated that individuals with AIDS antibodies were more likely to progress to full AIDS than previously recognised, with studies suggesting that the trend observed overseas would also apply in New Zealand. In Dunedin, Professor David Skegg, a prominent figure in preventive medicine at the Otago Medical School, highlighted the seriousness of the AIDS situation in New Zealand, asserting that certain individuals underestimated the extent of the problem. He remarked that the rate of AIDS in New Zealand was already comparable to that of Britain, countering the notion that New Zealand was lagging behind other nations in dealing with the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870411_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870411.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545054400
7473,14,04,1987,"Avoidance Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 14 April 1987)","In a series of letters published in early April 1987, the discussion surrounding the A.I.D.S. epidemic and its prevention strategies was sparked. Varian J. Wilson, in his letter dated April 7, recounted his experiences in 1943 while serving in Tulear, Madagascar. He highlighted the rampant prevalence of venereal diseases among servicemen despite strict military discipline, education on safe sex, and the availability of condoms. Out of 33 personnel on three flying boats, 28 were incapacitated due to venereal diseases, a situation he attributed to the presence of attractive, promiscuous women and the influence of cheap alcohol. Wilson argued that talking about safe sex would not curb the spread of A.I.D.S.; instead, he believed the focus should be on reducing promiscuity and addressing what he considered the misattribution of responsibility for the disease's spread to heterosexuals rather than to the gay community. In response, David Hide wrote a letter published on April 10, 1987, countering Wilson's claims. He referred to a report from Johns Hopkins University, which indicated that a significant percentage of reported A.I.D.S. cases in Africa were women, with increases in cases also observed in Haiti over recent years. The report further noted compelling evidence of heterosexual transmission, citing instances of H.I.V. infection in sexual partners of infected individuals, women who were artificially inseminated with infected donor sperm, and female sex workers. Hide cautioned against Wilson's implication that A.I.D.S. posed little risk to heterosexual individuals, urging that such assertions could undermine prevention efforts. This exchange reflects the broader debates of the time regarding the epidemiology of A.I.D.S., the role of behavioural factors in its spread, and the responsibilities of public health messaging.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870414_2_100_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870414.2.100.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545313600
6968,15,04,1987,"What Turns A ‘load Of Old Cliches’ Into A Cult... (Press, 15 April 1987)","In an op-ed published on 15 April 1987, Judy Oliver explores the secret behind the global popularity of the hit TV series ""L.A. Law."" Despite its basis in clichéd American television tropes, Oliver argues that the series transcends being mere fodder for prime time viewing, transforming it into a cult phenomenon. She critiques the show’s outlandish characters, absurd dialogues, and sensational storylines, all imbued with legal jargon and implausible situations. Yet, she questions why viewers are drawn to it when comparable series have failed to capture interest. The show's success, according to Oliver, can be attributed to its creator, Steve Bochco, who previously produced ""Hill Street Blues."" Bochco applies similar narrative techniques in ""L.A. Law,"" interweaving multiple story arcs, employing dynamic camera movements, and portraying interpersonal conflicts with heightened drama. The series features characters reminiscent of ""Hill Street Blues,"" illustrating a blend of fictional citizens from Los Angeles who embody exaggerated attributes tied to the legal profession. Oliver also notes the series' darker undertones, suggesting that Bochco harbours cynicism towards the legal industry. He presents lawyers as largely manipulative and greedy, crafting morality tales where virtue faces significant obstacles. The show intertwines serious legal themes with elements of levity and black humour, evoking a sense of irony in its storytelling. Instances of stark absurdity, such as a partner found dead in his office with his face in a plate of pasta, exemplify this. Furthermore, ""L.A. Law"" makes a concerted effort to represent diversity, featuring various judges from assorted backgrounds, though Oliver questions the depth of this representation. The series takes a sharp stance on social issues, including gender and racial equality, pushing boundaries with its provocative plots and characters. Ultimately, Oliver concludes that it is the combination of absurdity, cynicism, manipulative emotional arcs, and Bochco's unique storytelling style that transforms ""L.A. Law"" into an addictive watch. The series revels in its tastelessness, providing an unfiltered and chaotic glimpse into a world filled with legal intrigue while cleverly critiquing the very nature of its characters and stories.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870415_2_98_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870415.2.98.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545400000
6534,18,04,1987,"Isabel Hight — Ma’am, At Times Miss Or... (Press, 18 April 1987)","Isabel Hight, a 32-year-old New Zealand woman, holds a unique position as the only female superintendent of a men’s prison in Australia, specifically at the Metropolitan Reception Prison in Long Bay, Sydney. Having grown up in Ashburton and studied at the University of Canterbury, her career in the New South Wales prison system began in 1978, when she moved to Sydney looking for opportunities to utilise her nursing qualifications. She quickly found herself working in the prison service, drawn by her interest in social work and the complexities of the inmates' lives. Hight’s rise through the ranks of the prison service has been remarkable. By 1982, she was appointed to her first executive position at the notorious Bathurst jail, which had recently been renovated after a violent riot. Despite being the only female superintendent, Hight has fostered a professional environment where gender becomes secondary to competence. She notes that while she has not experienced overt discrimination from her male colleagues, she is keenly aware that some women working under her might face challenges. Hight has established a reputation that commands respect, not just from her staff but also from the prisoners, who address her with honourifics like ""Ma’am"" or ""Miss Hight."" Her approach reflects a balance between authority and care, and she emphasises the importance of treating inmates as individuals within an often dehumanising system. She rejects the notion that her nursing background is entirely incompatible with prison management, arguing that both healthcare and incarceration require compassion and care for individuals. Hight approaches her role with complexity, recognising the multifaceted reasons behind criminal behaviour and the challenges of rehabilitation. She refrains from making blanket statements about the effectiveness of prisons and acknowledges that the factors influencing a prisoner’s path to reform often extend beyond their time served. Throughout her daily responsibilities, Hight displays a brisk efficiency paired with a measured empathy. For instance, she deals with prisoners’ concerns pragmatically, providing practical assistance without becoming overly emotionally involved. Her compassionate but firm style is well-regarded, even by those incarcerated for serious offences. Hight draws attention to the challenges within the correctional system, speaking to the inefficiencies of existing conditions in the aging facilities. Despite the difficulties, she remains determined and proactive in making changes where possible. She acknowledges the potential for her efforts to be undone by her successors but is committed to leaving a positive impact during her tenure. Ultimately, Isabel Hight's storied career is marked by her resilience, adaptability, and an unwavering commitment to enhancing the prison system from within, embodying a progressive approach in a traditionally male-dominated environment. Her story is not only a personal achievement but also a reflection of the evolving role of women in positions of authority within correctional institutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870418_2_126_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870418.2.126.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545659200
7474,20,04,1987,"Avoidance Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 20 April 1987)","In a letter published on 20 April 1987, a correspondent named Dave Hines critiques an earlier opinion piece by Varian J. Wilson regarding the prevention of AIDS. Hines takes issue with Wilson's assertion that discussing safe sex practices alone will not halt the spread of the virus. He refers to Wilson’s past experience related to medical advice in Madagascar during 1943, suggesting that it does not qualify him as an expert on AIDS prevention. Hines argues that Wilson's conclusions are flawed, particularly the idea that promiscuity should be targeted instead of promoting safe sex. Hines posits that it is a fundamental medical fact that the AIDS virus cannot transcend barriers such as condoms. He asserts that if everyone were to adopt safe sex practices, it would effectively lead to the elimination of the AIDS epidemic. While he acknowledges that his statement simplifies a complex issue, he insists that neglecting safe sex practices is tantamount to issuing a death sentence, thereby underscoring the critical importance of safe practices in combating the spread of the disease. Overall, Hines stands firm on the necessity of advocating for safe sex as a means to control and potentially end the AIDS epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870420_2_128_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870420.2.128.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545832000
6198,20,04,1987,"Condoms In Jail (Press, 20 April 1987)","A pilot scheme has been initiated in New York City jails to provide condoms to homosexual prisoners as a measure to combat the spread of A.I.D.S. This decision reflects an acknowledgment from the prison authorities that, despite sexual activity being prohibited within the prison system, it continues to occur among inmates. Correction Commissioner Richard Koehler highlighted the reality of the situation, stating that it would be naive to believe that sexual activity does not take place at all in jails. The initiative aims to promote safer sexual practices and reduce the risk of A.I.D.S. transmission among the prison population.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870420_2_104.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870420.2.104,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545832000
6196,20,04,1987,"N.Z. ‘lagging’ In A.I.D.S. Research (Press, 20 April 1987)","On 20 April 1987, the A.I.D.S. Foundation highlighted that New Zealand is falling behind other countries in the development of A.I.D.S. research programmes. Despite its smaller size, the foundation stressed the importance of conducting some research domestically to better understand the impact of the disease in New Zealand. As a measure to facilitate this, the foundation announced the establishment of an evaluation committee aimed at overseeing research projects and increasing awareness of A.I.D.S. research opportunities within the country. The proposed committee is expected to consist of individuals with specialized expertise relevant to A.I.D.S. research. While the final membership had yet to be confirmed, some New Zealand experts and an Australian social scientist had expressed their willingness to participate. The foundation is optimistic that the committee will assist in securing funding for valuable research projects, particularly those aimed at A.I.D.S. prevention. In its newsletter, the foundation acknowledged that a significant amount of information about A.I.D.S. had been disseminated to the public over the past two years. They emphasized the need for future efforts to be strategically focused and tailored for maximum impact. To support this goal, the foundation stressed the necessity of systematically collecting feedback from target groups and utilizing that information to inform campaign design. The foundation reported that several specific research projects were already under evaluation, with proposals for collaborative studies received from Adelaide and San Francisco. Additionally, ongoing work includes analysing statistics collected over the preceding ten months at the Auckland A.I.D.S. clinic and developing a comprehensive questionnaire intended to enhance counselling efforts. Another project in the works aims to better understand the Auckland homosexual community, while the foundation is also considering the creation of A.I.D.S. education kits for schools.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870420_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870420.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545832000
6197,20,04,1987,"Spymaster ‘led Sordid Life’ (Press, 20 April 1987)","In a shocking revelation published on 20 April 1987, the “Mail on Sunday” newspaper reported that Sir Maurice Oldfield, one of Britain’s most renowned spymasters and former head of the M. 1.6 counterespionage service, led a secret life marked by obsessive homosexual behaviour, including relationships with young boys and male prostitutes. The accusations were presented in extracts from Chapman Pincher's book “Traitors: The Labyrinth of Treason.” Sir Maurice, who was revered within British intelligence and reportedly favoured by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, is said to have maintained this double life between 1973 and 1978. The book indicates he frequented male prostitutes and individuals from the marginalised sectors of society, highlighting a troubling aspect of his life that posed various risks. Following these revelations, Labour MP Ted Leadbitter urged for an official inquiry into Sir Maurice’s activities. The report raises significant concerns for Britain’s intelligence community, which has periodically faced scandals related to espionage and sexual misconduct, including notable cases involving ""moles"" and defections tied to homosexuality. Sir Maurice was previously regarded as a figure of integrity within espionage circles until his death in 1981. Pincher, an established journalist with a track record of exposing scandals within the secret services, also suggested that Sir Maurice Oldfield served as an inspiration for John le Carre's fictional character, George Smiley, although le Carre has denied this connection. The book’s extracts reveal that Sir Maurice’s hidden life might have remained undiscovered if Thatcher had not appointed him to oversee security in Northern Ireland after assuming office in 1979. This decision led security personnel to uncover his secret activities. According to Pincher, there was clear risk associated with Sir Maurice's lifestyle, which could have resulted in coercive threats if his sexual preferences had been revealed during his tenure at M. 1.6. He posited that had his issues come to light while in active service, it is unlikely he could have retained his position due to concerns of potential blackmail stemming from his engagements in risky behaviour. Overall, these revelations about Sir Maurice Oldfield highlight unsettling contradictions within the British intelligence establishment, drawing attention to both his professional façade and the personal struggles he concealed during a turbulent time in British espionage history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870420_2_98_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870420.2.98.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545832000
6199,21,04,1987,"Inside (Press, 21 April 1987)","On 21 April 1987, various news stories were highlighted, reflecting different aspects of public interest. One major claim addressed the controversy surrounding West Coast publicans, with politicians asserting that they were being coerced into installing one-armed bandits. However, local publicans contended that they were not under any pressure to adopt these gaming machines. In another story, a British Government Minister came forth to defend Sir Maurice Oldfield, the former head of M. I.6, against allegations regarding his sexual orientation, stating that he was not a homosexual. This matter seems to have significant implications for both political and public opinion in Britain. The arts scene featured a Ngaio Marsh play titled “The Wyvern and The Unicorn,” which was described as a ""children’s whodunnit,"" suggesting it was crafted to engage younger audiences in mystery and theatre. On the tourism front, it was reported that the battlefields of Gallipoli had become increasingly popular as a tourist destination. This reflects a growing interest in historical sites, particularly those related to World War I, as people flock to learn about the past. In the realm of sports, notable jockey Chris Johnson faced a fine of $250 following his victory in a feature race at Riccarton, which arose from a disputed riding engagement. This highlights the ongoing challenges and scrutiny athletes face regarding professional regulations. Lastly, there were insights into media and broadcasting, with Kerre Woodham sharing her experiences working for the television programme ""Fair Go,"" illustrating the challenges and rewards involved in investigating consumer issues. Overall, the day's news encapsulated a mixture of local governance concerns, cultural happenings, and sport-related incidents, reflecting the diverse interests of the readership at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870421_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870421.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545918400
6200,21,04,1987,"Spy Chief Not ‘gay,’ Says Minister (Press, 21 April 1987)","On 21 April 1987, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher received a report that cleared former MI6 chief Sir Maurice Oldfield of allegations regarding his sexual orientation. Defence Secretary George Younger, who previously served as deputy director of MI6, stated in the ""Daily Telegraph"" that the report indicated there was no cause for concern about Oldfield's conduct. The allegations had emerged from excerpts of the book ""Traitors: The Labyrinth of Treason"" by Chapman Pincher, which were published in a London newspaper the preceding Sunday. Pincher claimed that Sir Maurice led a secret life as a homosexual who pursued young boys and male prostitutes. However, Younger dismissed these accusations as ""utter nonsense,"" asserting that Oldfield had actually been celibate rather than engaged in homosexual behaviour. He went further to accuse Pincher of serving the interests of the K.G.B. with his claims. In the context of the allegations, Pincher, who identified himself as a friend of Oldfield, suggested that Oldfield had been warned about his sexual habits and was told that if he agreed to restrain his behaviour, he could continue his work in Northern Ireland after retiring from the security service in 1973. In response to the surfacing of these allegations, Labour MP Ted Leadbitter has called for a full inquiry into the intelligence service, indicating concern over the implications of the accusations on MI6 and its operations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870421_2_86_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870421.2.86.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545918400
7475,21,04,1987,"Virus Campaign Set To Attract More Money (Press, 21 April 1987)","On 21 April 1987, the Minister of Health, Dr. Bassett, expressed optimism regarding increased funding for an A.I.D.S. education campaign in New Zealand. While he refrained from specifying an exact amount, Dr. Bassett anticipated a significant allocation in the upcoming Budget. The framework of the campaign is still in development, but it is expected to emphasize condom use, advocate for clearer safe sex practices, and potentially incorporate more television outreach. Dr. Bassett referenced the recent A.I.D.S. awareness campaign launched in Australia, which featured the ""Grim Reaper"" character symbolising death. This approach has generated considerable discussion due to its stark and alarming message, which critics say has led some individuals who are not at risk to seek unnecessary testing out of fear. Dr. Bassett acknowledged that while the Australian campaign successfully raised awareness about the dangers of A.I.D.S. and highlighted the risks associated with certain sexual behaviours and needle sharing, there are concerns regarding the scare tactics employed. He noted the importance of assessing the unintended consequences of such campaigns and the potential for an influx of people to burden health services without cause. Moreover, Dr. Bassett articulated his desire for enhanced collaboration with television networks, proposing they take a more active role in educating the public about A.I.D.S. He described the situation as a significant public health risk and emphasised the dire need for effective communication regarding the disease's dangers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870421_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870421.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,545918400
6201,22,04,1987,"Widespread Scars Left By Baby M (Press, 22 April 1987)","In a groundbreaking case regarding surrogate motherhood, Mary Beth Whitehead and William Stern entered into a legal agreement in a lawyer’s office to have a baby together. This contract, consisting of 22 pages, stipulated that Mary Beth would carry and give birth to the child, who would be biologically related to William, and upon delivery, she would relinquish custody to him. In exchange, Mary Beth was promised $10,000 and coverage for her medical expenses. The arrangement was described as akin to renting Mary Beth's uterus. After the birth of a girl, later referred to in court as Baby M, Mary Beth found herself unable to uphold the contract's terms, leading her to contest custody in a New Jersey courtroom. Ultimately, in a landmark ruling, Judge Harvey Sorkow declared the contract enforceable and stripped Mary Beth of her parental rights, establishing a legal precedent for surrogate agreements in New Jersey and potentially influencing national laws. Throughout the trial, the judge expressed the need for regulations to manage surrogate motherhood, framing it as a societal phenomenon that requires a legal framework to protect children's rights and family integrity. This was a significant departure from previous rulings that relied on existing adoption laws, which traditionally prohibited child selling. William Stern, a biochemist, and his wife, Elizabeth, both in their 40s, were positioned as the more suitable parents compared to Mary Beth, who faced scrutiny over her tumultuous life, marked by early marriage, financial difficulties, and struggles with her husband’s alcoholism. The court appointed a legal guardian to represent Baby M, underscoring the child’s best interests throughout proceedings. Judge Sorkow’s ruling has been welcomed by surrogate agents across the country, as it legitimised surrogate motherhood and is expected to stimulate new agreements in a sector that had been stagnating due to uncertainty surrounding legal outcomes. The case revealed discrepancies in surrogacy arrangements, where financial disparities often dictated choices, and raised questions about the well-being of surrogate children and their siblings. While some surrogacy agents advocate for relationships between surrogates and intended parents to mitigate emotional challenges post-birth, others keep identities secret to prevent attachment issues. The complexities of surrogacy raise ethical concerns; experts warn of potential emotional consequences for children in surrogate families, including feelings of abandonment. The legality and morality of surrogacy agreements remain contentious. Critics argue that legalising such contracts resembles baby selling, particularly if the laws become overly permissive, opening the door to the exploitation of vulnerable women and children. As the landscape of surrogate motherhood evolves following the Whitehead case, important discussions around the ethical implications and regulatory measures continue to unfold.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870422_2_111_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870422.2.111.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546004800
7447,22,04,1987,"Women And A.I.D.S.: Swing In Statistics (Press, 22 April 1987)","A report from the Federal Centres for Disease Control highlighted a significant increase in the percentage of American women developing A.I.D.S. through heterosexual contact over the past five years, indicating that heterosexual women currently face a higher risk of acquiring A.I.D.S. via sexual intercourse than heterosexual men. As of five months prior to the report, women accounted for 6.7 per cent of all A.I.D.S. cases in the United States, a figure that has remained relatively stable since 1982. However, the proportion of female patients contracting the disease through sexual intercourse surged from 12 per cent to 26 per cent between 1982 and 1986. The major route of infection for women remains intravenous drug use, making up 52 per cent of all female cases. The study revealed that over 80 per cent of female A.I.D.S. victims are either black or Hispanic. The findings suggest that the rise in heterosexually acquired A.I.D.S. cases among women is likely attributable to two main factors: an increasing number of infected men and the higher efficiency of A.I.D.S. transmission from men to women compared to the reverse. The study noted that women are often infected through sexual encounters with men who are intravenous drug users or bisexuals. It cautioned that assessing risk factors in potential sexual partners could be challenging. As a result, women engaging in casual sexual relationships, particularly in high-risk locations such as New York City and San Francisco, should be vigilant about their potential risk of infection. A.I.D.S., which severely compromises the body's immune system, is primarily transmitted through sexual activities or the sharing of bodily fluids, such as through intravenous drug use with contaminated needles. Notably, the disease can also be transmitted during artificial insemination using infected semen. Furthermore, approximately 80 per cent of all paediatric A.I.D.S. cases can be linked to infected mothers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870422_2_33_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870422.2.33.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546004800
6203,23,04,1987,"Bunnies Down The Line (Press, 23 April 1987)","In April 1987, ""Playboy"" magazine launched an electronic edition aimed at reaching a new audience, particularly targeting computer hackers looking for entertainment beyond their conventional pursuits. This innovative format allows users of Apple Macintosh computers to access a range of ""Playboy"" articles via telephone, including an interview with Prince Norodom Sihanouk and responses from former Playmates on whether they have ever teased. The edition also includes digitised nude photographs of the month's centrefold, Miss Kym Paige. This move comes in response to challenges ""Playboy"" has faced in recovering its circulation after the impact of the Meese Commission on Pornography, which prompted many retailers to remove the magazine from display. To address falling sales, ""Playboy"" has initiated legal action against the commission. The magazine's guaranteed circulation to advertisers has decreased by 17 per cent, and in 1986, the company reported a significant loss of $120 million, primarily due to extraordinary items. Compounding these financial woes, the buyer of its Atlantic City casino defaulted on payments, and the new ""Playboy"" clubs were forced to close due to unexpected clientele issues. Despite these setbacks, the first half of 1987 showed modest improvement with profits of $6 million, although this was in stark contrast to the previous year's heavy losses. Christie Hefner, the president of ""Playboy"" and daughter of the founder, has been working to steady the company’s ship. She has identified three main areas of focus for ""Playboy"": publishing, which comprised 79 per cent of 1986’s sales of $360 million; video, making up 13 per cent; and licensing and merchandising, contributing 7 per cent. One of Hefner's critical challenges is reshaping the company’s image to distance it from the pornography label while still maintaining its brand ethos. The traditional “naked-girl-next-door” approach is becoming increasingly difficult to uphold in the changing cultural landscape of the 1980s. Without a clear alternative to the past “Playboy philosophy,” the magazine risks struggling through inconsistent partnerships and strategies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870423_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870423.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546091200
6202,23,04,1987,"Cable Briefs (Press, 23 April 1987)","On 23 April 1987, Queensland police conducted a raid on a religious commune in Far North Queensland, claiming that men and young boys were engaging in homosexual acts during ""prayer meetings."" Around fifteen officers from Cairns targeted the commune at dawn following complaints alleging sexual offences. The group was led by an individual known as “the prophet,” who held controversial beliefs that the Bible permitted homosexual relations between men and boys under specific circumstances, which formed the basis of the commune's practices. In other news, a mass grave has been unearthed outside Calama, a desert town located about 1600 km north of Santiago, Chile. The grave contained the fragmented bones of 14 individuals. Human rights activists have reported that this site is associated with a tragic event that occurred on 19 October 1973, when soldiers allegedly shot dead 26 people shortly after the military's coup, which resulted in a violent takeover of the government. Meanwhile, concerning issues in Dhaka, Bangladesh, the government has created a special commission aimed at addressing rampant student violence at Dhaka University. This measure comes in response to a recent incident where a faculty member, confronted by aggressive students armed with knives and guns, jumped from a second-storey window, sustaining serious injuries. Lastly, in the Bahamas, a mob attacked United States and Bahamian drug enforcement agents who were attempting to apprehend suspected marijuana traffickers. The agents faced a barrage of stones and bottles thrown at them as they operated in the area, and their helicopter was fired upon during the chaotic scene. The confrontation allowed two suspects to evade capture after their aircraft crash-landed on the beach near Freeport, although no injuries were reported in the incident.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870423_2_88_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870423.2.88.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546091200
7289,23,04,1987,"No Name Yet For A.I.D.S. Clinic (Press, 23 April 1987)","On 23 April 1987, a member of the Hospital Board, Mr David Close, urged that the naming of the Christchurch A.I.D.S. Counselling Centre should not impede its work within the community. The A.I.D.S. Support Network proposed naming the centre located in St Andrew’s Outpatients building after Ettie Rout, a pioneer in treating sexually transmitted diseases in New Zealand during World War I. However, their proposal was deemed unacceptable as the board had a policy against naming buildings or clinics after specific individuals. In light of this, the hospital’s house committee suggested the name ""Lambda Centre,"" referencing the eleventh letter of the Greek alphabet, which is often associated with A.I.D.S. The discussion on the naming of the clinic was postponed for further conversation between senior medical staff and the A.I.D.S. Support Network. Mr Close emphasised the urgency of addressing the A.I.D.S. crisis and expressed concern that adherence to board protocol should not obstruct efforts to combat the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870423_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870423.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546091200
6204,24,04,1987,"Discrimination Against Homosexuals ‘decreased’ (Press, 24 April 1987)","In a statement released on 24 April 1987, a spokesman for the Gay Task Force in Wellington, Mr Bill Logan, reported that there has been a notable decrease in discrimination against homosexuals since the enactment of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill nine months prior. Despite acknowledging that discrimination has not completely disappeared, Logan noted significant improvements compared to the previous year. He cited that individuals are still facing challenges such as job loss and difficulty in securing accommodation due to their sexual orientation, but the overall situation is considerably better. Logan indicated that one of the most positive outcomes of the reform is a heightened sense of self-worth among homosexuals, particularly those in their early 20s. He articulated that the changes felt are not monumental, but rather a shift towards feeling accepted and validated. Additionally, he pointed out that the nationwide debate surrounding the reform has led to a significant shift in societal attitudes, fostering a better understanding and greater support for LGBTQ+ rights. He dismissed previous fears that the reform might lead to societal destruction, stating that such predictions were unfounded. Moving forward, the Gay Task Force aims to continue advocating for the legal prohibition of discrimination against homosexuals. They plan to take advantage of the forthcoming elections to gauge candidates' positions on this issue, allowing the LGBTQ+ community to support those who champion human rights. Logan also stressed the need for better communication regarding the implications of making discrimination illegal. He clarified that this legal change does not prevent individuals from expressing their opinions in private settings nor does it necessitate schools to include discussions on homosexual perspectives. Rather, it grants homosexuals similar rights to equality in public interactions, including access to employment and housing, comparable to the rights afforded to ethnic and religious minorities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870424_2_31_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870424.2.31.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546177600
6205,27,04,1987,"M.i.5 ‘forged Bank Accounts’ (Press, 27 April 1987)","On 27 April 1987, it was reported by ""The Sunday Times"" that Britain's counter-intelligence agency, M. 1.5, had fabricated bank accounts for certain Irish and English Members of Parliament. The claims highlighted a plot to undermine political figures, specifically targeting Rev. Ian Paisley and Mr. John Hume, both of whom are Ulster MPs. The newspaper claimed to possess documents supporting these allegations, which asserted that M. 1.5 created false bank statements that indicated the two parliamentarians had embezzled party funds. These revelations followed earlier disclosures regarding Sir Maurice Oldfield, a former chief of M. 1.6, who had been deemed a security risk due to his homosexuality. ""The Sunday Times"" indicated that it had located intelligence officers involved in efforts to 'neutralise' parliamentarians deemed troublesome. In addition to Paisley and Hume, it was reported that a fake bank account was also attributed to former Labour Party deputy leader Ted Short. Among the evidence brought forth was a counterfeit share statement in Paisley’s name, dated between June and July 1973, which falsely suggested he had acquired shares worth over £11,000 ($31,020) in companies located in Canada and South Africa. The documents were crafted to imply that these funds had originated from contributions to Paisley’s church. The context of the time made such transactions illegal due to exchange restrictions, as it was against the law to buy shares in those countries without paying a government premium. In light of these serious allegations, Paisley has called for a full judicial inquiry into the activities of the intelligence service. The situation raised significant concerns about the operations and oversight of British intelligence as indicated by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's comments in Parliament regarding the vetting process, which had failed to identify Oldfield's sexual orientation as a potential risk factor.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870427_2_90.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870427.2.90,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546436800
7476,28,04,1987,"Avoidance Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 28 April 1987)","In a letter published on 28 April 1987, Varian J. Wilson addresses the complexities surrounding the discussion of AIDS prevention methods. He acknowledges the effectiveness of condoms and clean needles but criticises the oversimplified views presented by Dave Hines. Wilson draws from personal experience, suggesting that merely promoting safe sex and precautionary methods fails to address the underlying human tendencies that lead to risky behaviour. He cites past instances in Balboa and Alexandria to emphasise that preventative measures against venereal diseases were often dismissed. Wilson argues that existing campaigns focused on condom use and clean needles serve as superficial solutions that do not reach the most vulnerable individuals. He advocates for more serious approaches to the AIDS crisis, including quarantining those infected or classifying AIDS as a notifiable disease, but acknowledges that such measures would face significant opposition from advocates of personal freedom and lifestyle choices. Ultimately, Wilson feels that enforcing a moratorium on promiscuity and sodomy is impractical and would infringe upon the freedoms of those who engage in these behaviours. His letter reflects a call for a more nuanced understanding of the AIDS epidemic and recognition of the challenges posed by human behaviour in the fight against the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870428_2_127_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870428.2.127.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546523200
6206,29,04,1987,"Doctor Censured For A.I.D.S. Test Note (Press, 29 April 1987)","A doctor in Dunedin, referred to as Dr B, faced censure from the Medical Practitioners Disciplinary Committee after a controversial incident involving a blood-alcohol test. In April 1986, while taking a blood sample from a man, Mr A, who he suspected was homosexual, Dr B annotated the test form with the note “Check for A.R.V. (A.I.D.S. virus)” to alert laboratory staff about potential infectious disease precautions. However, Mr A saw this annotation and became outraged, believing he was being tested for A.I.D.S. Following the encounter, he lodged a complaint with the Disciplinary Committee. The committee investigated and determined that while Dr B had not breached patient confidentiality, he had committed significant errors in judgement. They noted that Dr B assumed Mr A was part of a demographic that might be at risk for A.I.D.S. and that his decision to highlight this possibility on the form was inappropriate. The committee found Dr B’s note could easily lead others to infer that Mr A was being tested for A.I.D.S., which was misleading given that Dr B intended only to convey a precaution. Dr B's actions were deemed to cause unnecessary distress to Mr A. The committee pointed out that by leaving the form out in the open, attention was drawn to it in a way that was unprofessional. Although Dr B did not intend for the blood to be tested for A.I.D.S.—as the D.S.I.R. did not possess the facilities to conduct such tests—the committee concluded that Mr A had reasonable grounds for his concern based on the annotations made. Ultimately, the committee found that the combination of these serious shortcomings constituted “conduct unbecoming a medical practitioner.” As a result, Dr B was censured and instructed to pay $2054, which represented half the costs of the inquiry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870429_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870429.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546609600
6207,29,04,1987,"M. I.5 Officer Named As Conspirator In... (Press, 29 April 1987)","On 29 April 1987, in a significant revelation within the context of British politics, Harry Wharton, identified as a former M. I.5 officer, was named in the House of Commons as a key conspirator in a supposed “treasonable plot” aimed at undermining the then-Prime Minister Harold Wilson during the year 1974. The disclosure emerged as a Labour MP, Dale Campbell-Savours, utilised Parliamentary privilege to present a motion that elaborated on details published by the “Independent” newspaper regarding former M. I.5 agent Peter Wright's controversial book, “Spycatcher.” Campbell-Savours' motion noted that Wharton had been singled out as one of the main participants in a conspiracy to destabilise Wilson's government between February and October 1974. The motion demanded clarification from the current Prime Minister concerning any disciplinary actions against Wharton following a 1975 identification to Sir Michael Hanley, Director-General of M. I.5. Among other figures implicated in the allegations was Cecil King, the deceased chairman of the Daily Mirror Group, who was suggested to have connections with M. I.5 operations. The allegations put forth by Campbell-Savours sparked significant debate in Parliament, but there was no immediate reaction from the Government. This controversy unfolded within a landscape where Margaret Thatcher, the incumbent Prime Minister, faced ongoing scrutiny regarding improprieties linked to the intelligence services. Specifically, the Government had been dealing with the fallout from legal actions initiated by the Attorney-General to prevent the publication of excerpts from Wright's memoirs, which recount his experiences as a spy, leading to extensive media attention and speculation. The situation was further complicated by additional claims regarding a “dirty tricks” campaign in Northern Ireland, and a concerning admission from the Government regarding Sir Maurice Oldfield, the former head of M. I.6, whose sexual orientation had been disclosed as a potential security vulnerability. To curb the flow of information, the Attorney-General initiated legal proceedings against the “Independent” and two other newspapers for contempt of court due to their publication of extracts from Wright's memoirs, which had not yet been made public. This legal battle extended to Australia, where the British Government was engaged in efforts to prevent the release of “Spycatcher,” with an upcoming appeal scheduled in the Court of Appeal for later in July 1987. Overall, the re-emergence of these allegations concerning Wharton and the broader implications of Wright's revelations highlighted significant tensions within the British political and intelligence community, raising questions about government accountability, the integrity of intelligence operations, and the ongoing struggle between state secrecy and the public's right to know.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870429_2_90_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870429.2.90.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546609600
7448,30,04,1987,"Naughty Heroine (Press, 30 April 1987)","A middle-aged woman, Cynthia Payne, has inspired a new film titled ""Personal Services,"" which critiques British sexual hypocrisy. Payne became well-known for hosting extravagant sex parties in her suburban London home, referred to as the House of 1001 Delights. Her notoriety grew when she was tried for controlling prostitutes but was acquitted in February 1987, turning her into a somewhat unconventional national heroine. During her trial, which captured public attention, Payne openly discussed the sexual escapades that occurred at her parties, sharing scandalous details that amused the British populace. Her clients reportedly included high-profile figures such as a lord, an Irish member of Parliament, and even a clergyman, highlighting the contrast between their public personas and private behaviours. The police had monitored Payne's activities for several years, using two detectives disguised as a country gentleman and a bisexual Welsh hotel owner to gather evidence against her. The combination of her candidness, the nature of her gatherings, and the involvement of notable individuals contributed to a media frenzy that lasted throughout her trial, showcasing society's complex relationship with sex and morality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870430_2_85_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870430.2.85.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546696000
7513,01,05,1987,"Warning Of Pandemic (Press, 1 May 1987)","On 1 May 1987, the World Health Organisation (WHO) issued a concerning report indicating that between 50 to 100 million people could be infected with the AIDS virus by the year 1991. This forecast is starkly higher than the current estimates of five to ten million infections. The WHO cautioned that this projection may even be conservative, particularly if the AIDS virus continues to spread through South America and Asia. The report emphasised that the seriousness and global impact of the AIDS epidemic have been substantially underestimated. It outlined the need for a revitalised approach to combat the disease, given the rising threat posed not just by AIDS itself, but also by the potential emergence of other viruses. The agency warned that the presence of other pathogenic and immunosuppressive human retroviruses in regions such as West Africa, alongside the possible discovery of an AIDS-like virus in South America, signals the beginning of a potentially larger health crisis than the current HIV pandemic. This alarming assessment underlined the urgency for enhanced awareness, prevention strategies, and research efforts in the fight against AIDS and related viral infections.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870501_2_76_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870501.2.76.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,546782400
6208,04,05,1987,"Censure Of Doctor (Press, 4 May 1987)","A letter published on 4 May 1987 expresses concern over the actions of the Dunedin Medical Practitioners’ Disciplinary Committee regarding their censure of a doctor. The writer, C. R. King, argues that any suspicion of a blood sample containing the A.I.D.S. virus should be communicated to laboratory workers, regardless of the patient's sexual orientation. King believes that the doctor involved acted responsibly by alerting the laboratory staff to the potential risk. He dismisses the issue of the tested individual's accidental exposure to sensitive information as unfortunate but irrelevant. King hopes that the committee's findings will not discourage doctors from communicating necessary warnings to laboratory workers who are at high risk of exposure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870504_2_139_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870504.2.139.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547041600
6209,06,05,1987,"From Paralysing Nerves To Surges Of Confidence (Press, 6 May 1987)","The Oscar-winning film ""A Room with a View"" has propelled two young British actors, Helena Bonham Carter and Julian Sands, into the spotlight, leading to a discussion about the impact of fame on their lives. Helena Bonham Carter’s journey from a classroom to stardom began at the age of 17 when she was chosen to star in her first film, ""Lady Jane."" She quickly followed this success with a leading role in ""A Room with a View,"" which garnered multiple awards and an Oscar nomination. Before turning 21, Helena accomplished a remarkable feat: she tackled challenging roles, including a drug-addicted doctor in the American TV series ""Miami Vice,"" made a guest appearance in an Oxford University Dramatic Society production of Shakespeare's ""The Tempest,"" and was cast in a TV movie based on Barbara Cartland’s romantic novel ""A Hazard of Hearts."" Helena’s determination and ambition were evident early on; at 13, she won a national poetry contest and used the prize money to be photographed for a theatrical casting directory, Spotlight, where she secretly sought an agent. Despite her striking looks, which she attributes to her mixed heritage, Helena downplays her appearance's significance to her success and instead emphasises her talent. She shares feelings of insecurity and anxiety about her performance, admitting to being nervous while acting opposite renowned actress Maggie Smith in ""A Room with a View."" Although she had minimal acting experience prior to her breakout roles, Helena was committed to improving her skills, returning to her studies and taking on smaller roles to build experience. Helena's next venture takes her to America, where she found success on ""Miami Vice."" Despite her youthful appearance, the producers were impressed by her performance, leading to a fruitful collaboration with actor Don Johnson. As Helena navigates her fame, she is also set to appear in a romantic TV movie, again highlighting her versatility. However, she acknowledges the challenges fame brings, expressing concern about its potential influence on her life and personal identity. Helena remains grounded regarding her experiences, admitting moments of self-doubt and depression about her perceived inadequacies. She is wary of the superficial allure of fame, recognising its seductive qualities and the lifestyle that often accompanies it. Despite the pressures, Helena Bonham Carter's introspective nature and clear-headedness about the industry suggest a strong awareness of herself and her journey in the spotlight.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870506_2_95_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870506.2.95.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547214400
7290,06,05,1987,"N.Z. Film On A.I.D.S. (Press, 6 May 1987)","On 6 May 1987, it was announced that a New Zealand film titled ""Death in the Family"" would be screened at the Academy Cinema on Sunday to raise funds for the A.I.D.S. Support Network. The film explores the impact of a person contracting A.I.D.S. in New Zealand on their family and friends. Ian Smith, the coordinator of the network, mentioned that the screening would take place at 5 p.m., followed by a wine and cheese event in the Great Hall at the Arts Centre. Admission for the screening is set at $10.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870506_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870506.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547214400
7477,07,05,1987,"Safe Sex Single (Press, 7 May 1987)","On 7 May 1987, Australian rock group Redgum released a record titled ""Roll It On, Robbie,"" which promotes the use of condoms as a method to prevent Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The song aims to encourage young people to take precautions in their sexual encounters, with its upbeat chorus reinforcing the message that using condoms can help ensure safety and security. The lyrics highlight the importance of prevention over cure, urging listeners to ""roll it on"" and ""slip it on"" for safer practices. Despite the positive health message, the release faced criticism from officials within the Roman Catholic Church, who attempted to have the record banned. Ron McKern, a spokesman for the Church in Queensland, expressed concerns that the song “flippantly glorifies sexual promiscuity.” In contrast, Dianne Bailey, the publicist for Redgum, noted the band's intention to include a condom with each record sold. However, record publishers raised concerns over the potential legal implications of doing so. The release of “Roll It On, Robbie” marks a significant cultural moment, reflecting a growing awareness and dialogue around sexual health and AIDS prevention during a time when the epidemic was becoming more widely recognised.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870507_2_101_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870507.2.101.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547300800
6210,08,05,1987,"Action On A.I.D.S. (Press, 8 May 1987)","In a letter to the editor dated 5 May 1987, M. Lyons responds to an editorial published on 4 May, commending its timely and reasoned nature while expressing hope that a proposed Government publicity campaign would reflect similar sentiments. Lyons criticises the previous campaign, noting that it failed to address the need for abstinence. He argues that until a vaccine is found, the spread of the disease will continue, and he believes that methods such as condoms and clean needles are not sufficient to control the situation. Lyons highlights the role of alcohol as a contributing factor to the epidemic and points to the significant impact of the homosexual community in the spread of the disease. He expresses frustration with what he perceives as misleading propaganda that focuses on issues such as blood transfusions, innocent infants, and situations in Africa, which he claims lacks reliable statistics. Additionally, while advocating for compassion towards victims, Lyons calls for the implementation of urgent, firm, and realistic programmes aimed at reducing promiscuous behaviour. The letter stresses the need for a comprehensive approach that prioritises prevention and education in the face of the ongoing health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870508_2_89_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870508.2.89.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547387200
6212,09,05,1987,"Article ‘offensive’ (Press, 9 May 1987)","On 9 May 1987, a Dutch court issued a ruling that prohibited the further distribution of a magazine which contained an article insinuating that AIDS was a punishment from God for homosexuals. This decision came as a result of a civil suit filed by Fred van Zijl, a resident of Amsterdam who identified as homosexual. The court, located in Swolle, characterised the comments made in the magazine as “hurtful, offensive and highly insensitive.” Consequently, the court ordered the fundamentalist preachers, Lucas and Jenny Goeree, to stop disseminating the particular issue of their gospel magazine that contained the offending article.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870509_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870509.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547473600
6211,09,05,1987,"Defendant Too Risky (Press, 9 May 1987)","On 9 May 1987, Steven Attwood, a 26-year-old Australian, faced court on charges of housebreaking. Due to his condition, he was escorted into the courtroom by police officers clad in full white protective clothing, as he is suffering from AIDS. Attwood, identified by police as a homosexual prostitute and a heroin addict, also has hepatitis. He appeared before Magistrate Brian Cook with visible injuries, including cuts to his face, incurred when he fell from a window during his arrest. Magistrate Cook remarked that it was unlikely any lawyer would represent Attwood, stating, “I know I wouldn’t.” Attwood was remanded in custody without entering a plea and is scheduled to reappear later in the month.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870509_2_79_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870509.2.79.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547473600
6213,09,05,1987,"Spreading Smiley’s Secrets Another Chapter In... (Press, 9 May 1987)","A recent revelation has surfaced regarding Sir Maurice Oldfield, the former head of MI6, and his connection to John le Carré's famed character George Smiley. Oldfield, who passed away in 1981, had confessed to colleagues about his homosexuality, which had been kept hidden for years, likely due to the stigma surrounding it within the intelligence community. This confession came in the wake of a smear campaign orchestrated by MIS, where efforts were made to tarnish his reputation along with those of other prominent figures like Lord Mountbatten and former Prime Minister Edward Heath. In the spring of 1980, Oldfield was visited by a senior MI6 associate at his flat, where he expressed deep remorse over lying in his vetting process. He acknowledged previous homosexual relationships dating back to his youth. Oldfield, at that time, faced immense pressure due to his role in Northern Ireland, where he was under threat of assassination and endured continuous health issues that were ultimately discovered to be stomach cancer. His isolation and fear of exposure drove him to contemplate suicide, leading to his resignation offer to the Cabinet Secretary, Sir Robert Armstrong. Oldfield's decline seemed part of a long tradition within British intelligence services, where personal secrets and public personas often intersected in troubling ways. The report hinted that the smear campaign against him involved disinformation tactics used by MI5 and the Royal Ulster Constabulary and highlighted a disturbing culture within MI6. Oldfield had been a loyal servant to the British government for over three decades, yet he became a victim of a system that often turned on its own. He had initially gained recognition as the first professional head of MI6 in 1973, with a history that included heroism during World War II and a robust career that began in 1946. During his tenure, he became embroiled in scandals, especially as derogatory rumours tied him unlawfully to other homosexual figures in the intelligence community. Most notably, after the public exposure of Sir Anthony Blunt as a traitor, suspicions began to surface regarding Oldfield's own fidelity to the establishment. His name was (erroneously) associated with scandals surrounding a Belfast boys' home, believed to be connected to a larger homosexual ring. Amidst these events, Oldfield's health deteriorated, and he suffered through professional and personal humiliation before dying in February 1981. This public discrediting marked his fall from grace, elucidating a complex interplay of tragedy and systemic failures within British intelligence, where personal lives were ruthlessly scrutinised. The narrative also suggests that the culture surrounding MI6 could force many individuals to lead clandestine lives, a practice reflecting the ongoing struggles for acceptance and security for members of the LGBTQ+ community in intelligence roles.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870509_2_116_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870509.2.116.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547473600
7291,11,05,1987,"Todd Foundation Grants (Press, 11 May 1987)","On 11 May 1987, the Todd Foundation announced a series of grants to various national organisations in New Zealand, totalling substantial financial support across a wide range of sectors, including the arts, education, health, and community services. Among the notable recipients were the National Art Gallery and the National Museum, each receiving $10,000, aimed at supporting cultural and artistic endeavours. The New Zealand Oral History Archive secured $2,000, while the Royal New Zealand Air Force Museum also received $10,000. Other grants included $5,000 to the Museum of Transport and Technology in Auckland, $3,500 to Conservation New Zealand, and $2,000 to the Environmental Publications Trust. Diverse organisations catering to the arts, such as the Art Galleries and Museums Association and the New Zealand Choral Federation, were also beneficiaries, each receiving $1,500 and $2,000 respectively. Additionally, several music and performing arts-related entities received funding, including the Music Federation, which was granted $3,000, and the National Singing School, which received $1,000. Funding was also allocated to health and welfare organisations. The Royal Australasian College of Physicians was granted $12,500, while the Medic Alert Foundation and other health-focused organisations like the Blood Foundation and various societies addressing disabilities and mental health issues received amounts ranging from $2,000 to $10,000. The Society for the Intellectually Handicapped, Crippled Children Society, and National Heart Foundation each benefitted from $10,000 grants. In addition to national-level grants, the Todd Foundation provided $30,000 in total to organisations based in Christchurch. Some of the notable local recipients included the Christchurch Symphony Orchestra, which received $2,500, and the A.I.D.S. Support Network, also awarded $2,000. The Christchurch City Mission and the Christchurch Methodist Central Mission were among the community services that received $2,000 and $3,000 respectively. Notably, Christchurch Environmental Education Trust's project focused on children and disabled people garnered $1,000. Other organisations listed as recipients include youth and community groups, with the Young Women’s Christian Association and the Young Men’s Christian Association each receiving $6,000. The Outward Bound Trust was given $2,500, while the Paraplegic and Physically Disabled Foundation received $5,000. The Todd Foundation's generous contributions reflect its commitment to supporting a variety of sectors instrumental in promoting arts, health, well-being, and community development across New Zealand in 1987.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870511_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870511.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547646400
6214,13,05,1987,"Group Reveals ‘gay’ Advt Respondents (Press, 13 May 1987)","In May 1987, a clandestine group named the Great White Brotherhood of the Iron Fist gained notoriety in Chicago for its extreme anti-homosexual actions. The group placed advertisements in ""The Reader,"" a local weekly newspaper, soliciting responses from homosexual men. Following this, they took a disturbing step by disclosing the sexual orientation of respondents through letters sent to their neighbours, landlords, and employers. In at least 12 documented incidents, the group mailed these letters alongside the responses, warning recipients that the individual could be a carrier of A.I.D.S. and urging them to avoid the homosexual ""at all costs."" Jonathan Katz from the Gay and Lesbian Alliance at the University of Chicago highlighted these activities, revealing that some of the targeted individuals were students at the university. Concerns were raised about how the group may have accessed the home addresses of these individuals, possibly through student directories. Katz noted that the group possessed three specific types of letter forms intended to incite fear and discrimination – one directed at neighbours, another at parents, and a third at employers. This advertisement campaign followed a string of incidents related to a petition signed by approximately 150 students and faculty members in support of the homosexual community. The petition appeared in the student newspaper and was a response to a series of derogatory actions that included offensive posters and telephone death threats targeting the signatories. Mary Jo Madden, the classified editor of ""The Reader,"" commented on the unusual nature of such advertisements, stating it was the first time anything of this sort had occurred. She confirmed that the newspaper had sought legal advice regarding the matter. The advertisements appeared in two issues of the publication, dated January 23 and January 30. In response to the group's actions, Mark Grey, an inspector from the United States Postal Inspection Service, indicated that authorities would investigate the letters sent by the Great White Brotherhood. However, he noted that prosecution would be challenging unless the letters contained physical threats or claims of injury to someone's reputation coupled with a demand for payment. The incident highlighted a troubling climate of fear and hostility towards the homosexual community during that period, demonstrating the lengths to which some individuals would go to promote discrimination and hate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870513_2_143.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870513.2.143,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547819200
7292,15,05,1987,"A.I.D.S. Group Needs More Volunteers (Press, 15 May 1987)","The A.I.D.S. Support Network is seeking additional volunteers to assist with its efforts in prevention, education, and administration. A training workshop is scheduled for the end of May 1987 for those interested in joining the group. Mr Ian Smith, the co-ordinator of the network, highlighted the need for more volunteers, noting that the network currently has around 50 volunteers, with only half actively involved. Interested individuals are encouraged to apply before the deadline of May 25.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870515_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870515.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547992000
6215,15,05,1987,"How Much Snooping Is Fair And Relevant? (Press, 15 May 1987)","The collapse of Gary Hart's presidential campaign in May 1987 has sparked an intense debate regarding the limits of a politician's right to privacy and the ethics of investigative reporting. Hart's withdrawal from the Democratic nomination race followed revelations by the Miami Herald about his alleged extramarital affair with 29-year-old actress Donna Rice, leading to discussions about whether a candidate's sexual behaviour should be public knowledge. Hart, aged 50, refuted claims of infidelity, asserting that Rice had left his Washington townhouse discreetly and was not observed by a surveillance team. However, the situation escalated when the Washington Post uncovered additional evidence of Hart's infidelities, culminating in his decision to exit the race. Historically, Washington journalists had maintained a gentlemen's agreement to keep sexual indiscretions of politicians private, as exemplified by past presidents such as Harding, Roosevelt, Kennedy, and Johnson. This unspoken code has since been challenged, with Hart being directly questioned by reporters about his personal life amid rising accusations. While some analysts believe Hart's aggressive responses to the rumours opened the door to scrutiny, others contend that the reporting on his private life was unwarranted. The dichotomy in views varies significantly among political commentators; some argue that even if a candidate attempts to dismiss their private life as separate from their professional responsibilities, they should expect to face probing inquiries, especially when there are indicators of wrongdoing. The debate extends to questions of journalistic ethics, with some, like columnist Edwin Yoder, advocating for privacy protections while others, including Democratic contenders, assert the necessity of public knowledge concerning a candidate's personal life to gauge their trustworthiness. The unfolding scandal around Hart's campaign appears to have shifted the landscape of political reporting, moving away from the earlier tradition of refraining from discussing a candidate's sexual conduct. In the context of Hart's downfall, various political figures expressed differing views on privacy and transparency in public life. Jack Kemp, a Republican candidate, noted that candidates must accept scrutiny as part of their role. Meanwhile, figures like Rev. Jesse Jackson and Pat Robertson acknowledged the controversies but also underscored the need for candidates to maintain a sense of propriety, especially under public scrutiny. Overall, Hart's experience has ignited broader discussions surrounding the media's responsibility to report on a candidate's personal life, the implications of such reporting on democracy, and how much private conduct should influence a voter’s understanding of a prospective leader. As political norms continue to evolve, this incident serves as a pivotal moment in the relationship between candidates, journalists, and the electorate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870515_2_106.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870515.2.106,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,547992000
6216,16,05,1987,"A.I.D.S. Special (Press, 16 May 1987)","A documentary titled ""A.I.D.S. — the New Lepers"" is set to air on 17 May 1987 at 9.5pm on One, focusing on the changing public perceptions surrounding AIDS sufferers. The film illustrates the increasing stigma associated with the disease, drawing parallels to the Biblical lepers who were ostracised by society. It highlights contrasting views on the plight of those living with AIDS, specifically featuring Dr Adrian Rogers, a member of the Conservative Family Campaign, who advocates for the isolation of AIDS victims, against actor Simon Callow, who argues for greater support and understanding for those affected by the disease. Reporter Jeremy Paxman investigates the causes and outcomes of the prevailing attitudes towards AIDS. The documentary not only addresses the societal attitudes but also includes interviews with individuals who have the virus, along with those dedicated to preventing the further spread of AIDS. In the United States, the disease has already impacted over a quarter of a million people, further underscoring the urgency of the issue. Following the documentary, there will be a panel discussion and a public phone-in session at 9.45pm. Producer Mark Westmoreland emphasises the critical message of the documentary: AIDS is no longer confined to the homosexual community; it poses a risk to everyone. He warns that anyone can be vulnerable, underscoring the need for widespread awareness and understanding of the disease, and advocating for solidarity and support for those affected. The overall aim is to challenge the stigma and promote a more informed perspective on AIDS as it continues to affect a broader segment of the population.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870516_2_87_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870516.2.87.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548078400
7699,16,05,1987,"Rugby Tour Talk (Press, 16 May 1987)","On 16 May 1987, various letters to the editor were published, reflecting a strong public reaction to New Zealand's sporting ties with South Africa amid its apartheid policies. Isabel Witty expressed dismay over reminders of South Africa's apartheid system, describing it as a refusal to acknowledge mixed marriage and portraying New Zealanders negatively as supporters of such an oppressive regime. She highlighted the uncomfortable truth about a New Zealand man who chose to live in Botswana with his black wife to escape South Africa’s racial laws. Another letter from Ted Mulcock critiqued the television documentary titled “Apartheid,” which depicted the exploitation of African workers in South Africa's gold and diamond mines, likening it to the cruel practices of the historical slave trade in the United States. Mulcock wrestled with the question of whether New Zealand could participate in sports without facing moral conflicts due to South Africa’s brutal policies. He argued that while the New Zealand Parliament had modernised certain laws, it was still essential to respect individuals' rights and that discussions around sporting contacts with South Africa should not occur without consideration of the moral implications. H. Jones condemned other commentators for their defence of the New Zealand Rugby Union and its players who toured South Africa, calling into question the integrity of the Rugby Union, especially in light of the controversial “Cavaliers” tour. Upset by the team’s actions and the subsequent nomination of one player as captain of the All Blacks, Jones labelled the union and its players as lacking regard for human rights and suggested they should be remembered unfavourably in history. D. T. Archbold directed criticism at Prime Minister David Lange, arguing that his stance against a member of the Royal Family attending the Rugby World Cup was hypocritical. Archbold accused Lange of alienating New Zealand's allies—namely the United States, Britain, and Australia—while seeking legitimacy through selective moral indignations. He suggested that Lange should focus on effective governance rather than engaging in what he described as moral posturing. These letters encapsulate a contentious debate in New Zealand regarding sports, morality, and international relations during a time when the country's participation in events involving South African teams, particularly in rugby, was under scrutiny against the backdrop of apartheid legislation. The societal divide illustrated in these opinions reflects broader concerns about national identity, morality, and the complexities of sporting interactions with nations governed by oppressive regimes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870516_2_96_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870516.2.96.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548078400
7700,16,05,1987,"Video Ratings (Press, 16 May 1987)","In a recent statement, Dennis Amiss, the executive secretary of the Video Retailers’ Federation, articulated that the intention of the Video Recordings Bill is to provide consumer guidance rather than to impose censorship. However, concerns have been raised about the bill's potential to exploit societal vulnerabilities by promoting access to explicit sexual material. The proposed R20 and RX ratings are seen as particularly alarming, as they could legitimise access to some of the most disturbing pornographic content available. The risks associated with at-home video consumption are significant, especially for children who might be exposed to graphic depictions of sexual acts including group sex, oral sex, and violent sexual behaviour. Critics argue that such exposure can shape children's perceptions and attitudes towards relationships and sex in detrimental ways. Currently, there are over 250 titles featuring explicit sexual content, with around 50,000 copies of these videos available to the public, many of which contain material that could be considered offensive. Patricia M. Bartlett, the National Secretary of the Society for Promotion of Community Standards, expressed strong opposition to the current proposal, advocating for independent oversight of content ratings instead of allowing the video industry to self-regulate. She emphasised the need for a dedicated five-person body to manage these ratings in order to effectively safeguard communities from potentially harmful media content. Bartlett’s concerns underline a broader apprehension regarding the impact of unregulated access to explicit materials on societal values, particularly regarding marriage and interpersonal relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870516_2_96_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870516.2.96.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548078400
7210,18,05,1987,"London Stocks March On (Press, 18 May 1987)","On 18 May 1987, the London stock market experienced a noteworthy surge as share prices climbed, largely driven by positive sentiments among overseas and institutional investors. Confidence regarding a potential Conservative victory in the upcoming General Election on June 11 stimulated this bullish behaviour. The FTSE 100 index marked a significant milestone, achieving four record closings out of five days, culminating in a record high of 2189.7, which was an increase of 63.2 points over the week. Observers noted that speculation regarding a cut in base lending rates from 9 per cent to 8.5 per cent might be delayed until after the election. There was a significant influx of ‘hot money’ into the sterling, reflecting speculations about the Conservatives returning to power. However, dealers expressed caution, warning that this capital could be withdrawn rapidly post-election, potentially prompting the Bank of England to refrain from enacting a rate cut to avoid having to increase rates soon afterwards. A range of trading results released during the week further boosted investor confidence. Notable companies, such as Shell, BP, and Grand Metropolitan, reported encouraging gross profit levels. Stocks of companies privatised by the Conservatives, including Rolls-Royce, performed particularly well, with shares closing at a premium following an oversubscribed flotation offer. British Telecom also progressed well, rising 8 pence to 308 as concerns regarding potential Labour Party renationalisation diminished. The pharmaceuticals sector attracted significant attention, particularly with Wellcome's shares climbing after government support for its AZT AIDS treatment drug. Other firms, such as Reckitt and Colman and Glaxo, also showed impressive gains. While government bonds fluctuated to a mixed close, concerns about the substantial supply in the market persisted. The week marked the inaugural British gilt auction, with £1 billion in bonds issued on a part paid basis and an additional £1 billion pending release. Company trading reports drew considerable interest, particularly within the insurance sector, where several companies announced positive interim results, such as Royal and General Accident. Shell exceeded expectations with its historical cost net income, contributing to its increase in share price, while BP also reported positive first quarter figures. However, some companies faced mixed reactions. Saatchi and Saatchi's shares saw only a mild increase despite a substantial rise in half-year profits, as concerns lingered over its performance in the U.S. Meanwhile, British Aerospace shares experienced downward pressure due to profit-taking following government announcements regarding funding. Overall, while the market was buoyed by positive trading results and upbeat forecasts due to the political climate, investors remained cautious, particularly with respect to possible fluctuations in share prices following the election results. The sentiment in the market was one of anticipation mixed with a degree of unease surrounding future developments, especially post-election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870518_2_159_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870518.2.159.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548251200
6217,18,05,1987,"Strident Campaign In Britain (Press, 18 May 1987)","On 18 May 1987, Deborah Telford reported for Reuters NZPA on the intensifying General Election campaign in Britain, where Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher was aiming for a record third term. The Conservative Party was encouraged by recent opinion polls indicating a significant lead over the Labour Party. In an effort to solidify this advantage, they launched a provocative advertising campaign featuring billboards that promoted their economic growth achievements while attacking Labour's stances on education. One billboard posed the question, “Is This Labour’s Idea Of A Comprehensive Education?” and included controversial book titles, while another highlighted Britain's economic growth with an illustration of different dog breeds. In response, Labour planned to initiate its own advertising campaign focused on criticizing Conservative policies, particularly safety and law enforcement. They released leaflets featuring a picture of Thatcher and the caption questioning who had the ""Worst Criminal Record in Britain,"" playing off statistics that pointed to rising crime rates since the Conservatives took office. The campaign was fraught with conflict, exemplified by reports alleging that Liberal leader David Steel was involved in a relationship with the ex-wife of a former Liberal Party official. Steel vehemently denied these claims and planned legal action against two newspapers that had published the allegations. Polling data rounded up the political landscape, revealing a 14 per cent lead for the Conservatives in the ""Sunday Times,"" with figures reported as Conservatives 44 per cent, Labour 30 per cent, and the Liberal-Social Democratic Alliance at 25 per cent. Another poll for the ""Observer"" showed similar trends, with the Conservatives at 42 per cent, Labour at 33 per cent, and the Alliance at 23 per cent. The Conservatives aimed to leverage Labour's focus on social issues such as homosexual rights during the campaign, framing it as ""loony left"" policies. Conversely, Labour and the Alliance criticized Thatcher's perceived arrogance as she campaigned for a fourth term in the lead-up to the elections scheduled for 11 June. Additionally, during a period rife with scandal, Conservative candidate Harvey Proctor resigned from his candidacy after being charged with gross indecency, related to allegations involving young male prostitutes. His resignation underscored the high-stakes and tumultuous nature of this election cycle. Meanwhile, Peter Mandelson, a key strategist for Labour's campaign, faced scrutiny regarding his personal life, which inadvertently added to the election's drama. The intensity of the campaign foreshadowed what could become one of the most contentious electoral contests in Britain's modern history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870518_2_87_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870518.2.87.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548251200
6218,19,05,1987,"A.I.D.S. Subject Of Drama (Press, 19 May 1987)","On 19 May 1987, New Zealand's first drama about AIDS, titled “A Death in the Family,” premiered on TV One. The 50-minute film was produced by James Wallace and written by Auckland independent filmmaker Peter Wells, who also co-directed the film with Stewart Main. The film tells the poignant story of a New Zealander who returns from Sydney while suffering from AIDS during the early days of the epidemic, a time characterised by ignorance and prejudice. In the narrative, the young man's gay friends provide care for him, and they are joined by a compassionate doctor who becomes involved in his situation. Contrast is drawn with the man's conservative Christian family from Taranaki, who struggle to understand and accept their son's illness when they visit him. The film explores the convergence of diverse individuals as they seek to foster understanding in light of this challenging circumstance. Harold Anderson, the controller of TV One, described “A Death in the Family” as a sensitive, moving, and occasionally humorous portrayal of the dynamics between an AIDS-stricken man, his supportive friends, and his family, who find it difficult to accept the reality of his condition. Wells noted that the film draws inspiration from the experience of a friend who succumbed to AIDS in 1985, during the tumultuous period of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, which was marked by excessive societal hysteria regarding the disease. The film aims to counteract the negative hysteria associated with AIDS, especially regarding personal interactions with those infected. Wells expressed a hope that the film would help humanise the issue, as people often refer to those with AIDS as “victims,” overlooking their identities as sons and daughters who experience profound tragedy. The character of Andrew Boyd, portrayed by John Watson, was brought to life through Watson's extreme dedication, including a significant weight loss to authentically embody the role. Peter Wells highlighted the challenges involved in casting for the film but praised Watson for delivering a performance filled with integrity. The filmmakers intended the screening to spark public discourse on AIDS, focusing on themes of care, prevention, and awareness. Stewart Main emphasised that opening up this conversation is essential for community understanding, stressing that timely knowledge about AIDS can enhance safety for all. Wells pointed out the wider implications of the disease, underscoring that it affects all of society, not just specific groups, suggesting that the previous complacency experienced in heterosexual communities about AIDS could no longer continue without consequence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870519_2_108_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870519.2.108.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548337600
7449,21,05,1987,"A.I.D.S. Tests Ordered After Rape By Doctor (Press, 21 May 1987)","In a shocking development in Zweibruecken, Germany, authorities have mandated A.I.D.S. tests for more than 100 women after a doctor, Dr Manfred Beck, confessed to raping them while they were under anaesthetic. The revelations surfaced after one victim, who had returned to the doctor for an A.I.D.S. test, raised concerns about potential infections. Dr Beck, 44, was initially denounced in April by a patient who regained consciousness prematurely and reported the assault. In addition to his disturbing admissions, Dr Beck disclosed that he identifies as bisexual and is a former drug addict. Although subsequent tests on him returned negative for A.I.D.S., medical authorities caution that these results are not definitive and the possibility of infection remains. Responding to the gravity of the situation, the Regional Health and Justice Minister has ordered all former patients of Dr Beck to undergo A.I.D.S. testing to ensure their health and safety.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870521_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870521.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548510400
6220,21,05,1987,"British Press Push For Thatcher (Press, 21 May 1987)","Margaret Thatcher, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, is gearing up for an election campaign aimed at securing her position well into the 1990s. As she prepares for the general election scheduled for 11 June 1987, she has the backing of the popular press, which is largely hostile towards the opposition Labour Party, led by Neil Kinnock. The media landscape in Britain, particularly the tabloids, has shown a marked preference for Thatcher’s Conservative Party, with several newspapers launching personal attacks against Kinnock. For instance, “The Sun,” the country’s top-selling newspaper, has aggressively labelled Kinnock with terms such as “cheat” and “deceiver,” while portraying Thatcher as “Britain's most effective Prime Minister since Churchill.” This trend was echoed in other national newspapers, such as the “Daily Express” and the “Daily Mail,” which favourably compared Thatcher’s leadership and policies to Labour’s and dismissively characterised Labour’s agenda in derogatory terms. Labour officials have expressed concern over the media's prevailing bias, with deputy leader Roy Hattersley stating that the current coverage is more irresponsible and prejudiced than ever before, stifling fair debate. Observers like Tony Loynes, editor of “U.K. Press Gazette,” noted that Kinnock's relationship with key newspapers, particularly those owned by Rupert Murdoch, has deteriorated significantly, especially after Murdoch’s controversial actions in 1986 when he sacked a large number of printers. Moreover, the media portrayal of Kinnock has extended to personal criticisms against his wife, Glenys, with derogatory headlines diminishing her standing. There is a sense among Labour representatives that the biased press coverage has severely impacted their ability to present their message effectively to the public. With only the “Daily Mirror” firmly supporting Labour—and most other major papers aligned with the Conservatives—the outlook seems daunting for Kinnock's party. In an attempt to combat the negative press, Kinnock is shifting strategies to engage more with regional press and highlight Labour's issues through television and radio. However, there are fears that the BBC has become circumspect in its coverage due to preceding tensions with the government over accusations of bias. Political analysts speculate that the fear of offending a potentially re-elected Conservative government might lead to conservative coverage decisions in broadcasting. As the election date draws near, Kinnock faces a significant challenge in overcoming not only the adverse media sentiments but also the broader implications of bias within the nation's press, which could shape public perception and voting behaviour leading up to the election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870521_2_128.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870521.2.128,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548510400
6219,21,05,1987,"Cable Briefs (Press, 21 May 1987)","On 21 May 1987, a series of significant news stories emerged from various parts of the world. In a report from Moscow, the Soviet Union's state-run newspaper, ""Pravda,"" accused the United States of exacerbating tensions in the region by allegedly encouraging Muslim rebels to conduct raids into Soviet territory along the Afghanistan border. The publication specifically implicated Pakistan as a collaborator with the Reagan Administration in efforts to undermine a national reconciliation program that the Soviet-supported Afghan Government claimed aimed to bring an end to the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan. In the Philippines, the military reported that violence related to two separate guerrilla wars has resulted in the deaths of 1,255 individuals this year, representing a 22 per cent decrease compared to the same period in the previous year. The majority of these deaths, specifically 1,121, were attributed to the nationwide communist insurgency, while the remainder were casualties from a smaller Muslim separatist movement taking place on the southern island of Mindanao. In business news, British publisher Robert Maxwell made headlines with an offer to acquire Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Incorporation, one of the largest independent book publishers in the United States, for approximately USD 2 billion. The acquisition bid, which was priced at $44 per share, was made through Maxwell's British Printing and Communications Corporation and represents his largest venture into the U.S. publishing market to date. In a courtroom in San Diego, a mother was acquitted of charges related to the abduction of her son from his homosexual father. Superior Court Judge Douglas Woodworth ruled in favour of Betty Lou Batey, stating that evidence indicated she was driven by a profound fear for her son’s safety. Batey, who is 43 years old, had expressed concerns that her son, Brian, now 16, would be harmed by potentially negative influences associated with his father's homosexual lifestyle. This verdict was delivered just moments before the jury was set to commence deliberations in the case. These diverse stories highlight political tensions, societal issues, and key business moves occurring nationally and internationally in the midst of May 1987.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870521_2_74_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870521.2.74.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548510400
7293,21,05,1987,"Memorial Service (Press, 21 May 1987)","A memorial church service for those who have died of AIDS is scheduled for Sunday, May 24, 1987, at St Mary’s Church in Church Square, Addington, starting at 7 p.m. This candlelight service, coordinated by Mr Ian Smith from the AIDS Support Network, is open to the public. Mr Smith also noted that a memorial day to commemorate individuals who have succumbed to AIDS will be observed on May 25 across 40 countries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870521_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870521.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548510400
6221,22,05,1987,"A Flat-footed Effort (Press, 22 May 1987)","On 22 May 1987, A.K. Grant reflected on a panel discussion that followed the airing of ""A.1.D.5.: The New Lepers,"" a programme about A.I.D.S. which was broadcast by the 8.8.C. channel. The discussion highlighted the complexities and misconceptions surrounding A.I.D.S., particularly in response to a caller's question about whether lesbians could contract the virus. This question led to a failure by the panel to adequately address its implications regarding the use of condoms and the broader issues of sexual health. The programme itself was described as dated and uninspired, featuring presenter Jeremy Paxman, who had a distinctive rhetorical style. Among the more bizarre moments was an interview with Adrian Rogers, a controversial doctor advocating extreme measures for individuals testing positive for A.I.D.S., suggesting they should be exiled and hanged, though Grant noted that this representation may have been exaggerated only slightly. Another segment featured ""David,"" a homosexual man who dismissed the idea that A.I.D.S. was a divine punishment, though his manner of delivery was humorously likened to a character created by Peter Cook. The panel discussion that followed, moderated by Brett Dumbleton, included contributions from various experts. Warren Lindberg, director of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, was noted for his composed and empathetic approach. Medical professionals Skegg and EllisPegler also showed rational perspectives, contrasting the atypical media portrayal of the disease, which often instilled a sense of panic. Grant compared the fear surrounding A.I.D.S. to historical pandemics, noting that although A.I.D.S. deaths had not yet reached the scale of the aftermaths of major wars, the societal reaction was disproportionate and driven by hypocrisy. Grant mentioned a Health Department representative named Bette Kill, drawing attention to the irony of her name in the context of the discussions about A.I.D.S. The author critiqued an advertisement prepared for Australian television aimed at educating the public about A.I.D.S., stating it merely spread fear rather than helpful information. He expressed concern that such public health approaches contributed to the existing hysteria about sexual health in Western societies, rather than alleviating misconceptions and fears. Overall, the discussion and the programme exemplified the challenges faced in addressing A.I.D.S. amid societal stigma and misunderstanding.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870522_2_105_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870522.2.105.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548596800
6222,22,05,1987,"Britain’s Conundrum ... (Press, 22 May 1987)","In a reflection on Britain's intelligence services, William Garner discusses the internal complexities and rivalries between MI6, the Secret Intelligence Service, and MIS, the counter-intelligence service. Garner highlights that MI6 operates primarily on foreign spies, particularly within Soviet bloc countries and the Republic of Ireland, while MIS is tasked with overseeing and investigating MI6. This competitive dynamic leads to a peculiar situation where each agency not only spies on foreign threats but also keeps tabs on one another. Garner uses the controversial careers of Sir Roger Hollis and Sir Maurice Oldfield to illustrate the intersection of espionage and personal lives within these institutions. Hollis, who was the director-general of MIS, is portrayed as having had an extramarital affair with his secretary, which raised suspicions regarding his loyalty. On the other hand, Oldfield, who held a senior role in MI6, had a homosexual lifestyle that included frequenting male sex workers. Despite their different personal lives, both men faced scrutiny within the intelligence community. Oldfield’s eventual exposure as a homosexual was reportedly facilitated by a strategic leak from MIS, while Hollis continues to be under suspicion of being a Soviet agent, albeit with less compelling evidence. The espionage world is characterised as a ""Hall of Mirrors,"" where the nature of trust is complicated. Garner emphasises that although MI5 (the security service) and MI6 have a shared goal of national security, their methods and internal politics can create fractures. Each service operates under the pressure of potential infiltration by moles, leading to an environment of mistrust. The narrative illustrates the paradox of working within the intelligence community: both MI5 and MI6 must keep secrets from each other while remaining focused on external threats. Carrington draws parallels to a poacher and gamekeeper relationship, where both may inhabit the same space but remain suspicious of each other's intentions. The legacy of past moles, like Kim Philby, who was discovered to have shared intelligence with the Soviet Union, continues to loom large, making the question of loyalty and betrayal a central theme in the life of spies. Garner concludes that trust in the security services is a fragile concept, where personal failings can become public crises and where collective goals can lead to creative undermining. The examination of this complex world reveals that espionage is not merely about gathering intelligence but also about managing intricate interpersonal relationships and maintaining a facade of unity amidst underlying rivalries. The article serves as both an exploration of the historical context of British spying and a commentary on the human factors that can affect national security.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870522_2_113_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870522.2.113.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548596800
6778,23,05,1987,"China Through Western Eyes (Press, 23 May 1987)","The novel ""Shanghai"" by Christopher New, published in 1987, presents a rich and tumultuous narrative set in China during the early 20th century. The story revolves around John Denton, a newcomer to the Customs Service in Shanghai, who confronts pervasive corruption within his department and the indifference of his colleagues towards the Chinese population and their cultural integrity. His principled stand leads to his forced resignation, exacerbated by social ostracism after he leaves his lesbian wife for a Chinese mistress. As Denton navigates this challenging transition, he experiences rejection from fellow expatriates in the International Settlement. Seeking solace and connection, he immerses himself in the local Chinese community, empathising with their struggles amidst the oppressive realities imposed by foreign powers controlling trade in the region. The narrative captures the brutal backdrop of Japan's warfare against China, the ensuing civil strife, and the ascent of Chairman Mao, illustrating the nation's deepening struggles during this time of upheaval. Throughout his journey, Denton grapples with his identity and the persistent chasm between him and the Chinese people, contrasting his initial romantic ideals with the harsh truths of life in Shanghai. In the twilight of his life, surrounded by his Chinese family, he reflects on the minimal progress made in bridging the gap between cultures since the arrival of foreign colonisers. Ultimately, ""Shanghai"" delves into themes of love, betrayal, cultural dislocation, and the enduring consequences of imperialism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870523_2_99_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870523.2.99.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,548683200
7514,27,05,1987,"A.i.d.s. Control Group Formed (Press, 27 May 1987)","On 27 May 1987, it was announced by the Minister of State Services, Mr Rodger, that the New Zealand Government has established an inter-departmental committee to address the spreading of A.I.D.S. The committee's primary role will be to co-ordinate strategies aimed at combatting H.I.V. infections, which lead to A.I.D.S., as well as to review funding for related initiatives. The formation of this committee signifies a shift towards a more collective approach, moving away from the previously individual efforts made by various government departments. Departments that will participate in this collaborative effort include Labour, Education, Justice, Defence, and the State Services Commission. Prior to this, although the Health Department had been providing advice and support, these departments had largely tackled the A.I.D.S. crisis in isolation. Mr Rodger highlighted that the State Services Commission is expected to release materials in July, focusing on the prevalence of A.I.D.S. in the workplace. The committee will look into several pertinent issues, such as the balance between enforcement and education concerning H.I.V. and A.I.D.S., along with considerations surrounding personal freedoms in the context of disease control. The Health Department will convene the committee, which is tasked with reporting to the Cabinet’s social equity committee, underscoring the government's commitment to a coordinated and comprehensive response to this public health challenge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870527_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870527.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,549028800
6779,28,05,1987,"Lesbian Love (Press, 28 May 1987)","""Desert Hearts,"" currently screening at the Academy, is being referred to as a ""lesbian heart-throb movie."" The film is set in Reno, where Vivian, played by Helen Shaver, a proper professor from Columbia University, arrives to obtain a quick divorce in Nevada. Her life takes an unexpected turn when she encounters Cay, portrayed by Patricia Charbonneau, who arrives in a wild convertible with rockabilly music blasting, leaving behind a cloud of desert sand. Critics, including the ""Village Voice,"" have noted that ""Desert Hearts"" captures a remarkable sense of female adventure, suggesting that for women, the most significant adventure may still lie in romance. The film's director, Donna Deitch, effectively utilises the landscapes of Reno, integrating them into the narrative and allowing the country music soundtrack to transcend traditional gender roles. This creative choice helps to create a broader, more expansive world for women to explore, outside the confines of the domestic sphere.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870528_2_77_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870528.2.77.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,549115200
7515,29,05,1987,"A.i.d.s. Vaccine May Be Tested On Animals (Press, 29 May 1987)","On 29 May 1987, there was significant progress reported by a French research team towards developing an effective AIDS vaccine, particularly with respect to animal testing methods. Professor Luc Montagnier, from the Institut Pasteur in Paris and the discoverer of the two types of the human AIDS virus, expressed optimism that a reliable method for testing AIDS vaccines on animals could be established within the year. Currently, the challenge arises from the fact that although some human volunteers have been vaccinated in trials to measure immune system responses, there is no ethically acceptable way to determine vaccine efficacy through human infection, as no one is willing to be deliberately infected with the AIDS virus. Animal testing would enable researchers to assess whether the vaccine can actually provide protection when exposed to the virus, a crucial step in the vaccine development process. However, there are limitations in finding suitable animal models for testing, as very few animals are truly sensitive to the AIDS virus. For instance, chimpanzees, which are endangered, are not used in research since they do not contract AIDS. Professor Montagnier noted that for the second type of the virus, HIV-2, which is closely related to certain monkey viruses, other primates such as macaques or baboons might serve as better research models. In parallel, concerns were raised by the World Health Organisation (WHO) regarding the implementation of AIDS screening programmes in various countries. WHO Director Dr Jonathan Mann cautioned that these initiatives could be misconceived and poorly executed, risking fundamental human rights while likely proving to be extremely costly and largely ineffective. He stated that such screening efforts might detract resources from education and other HIV prevention programmes that are essential to combat the disease effectively. Overall, while the advancements in animal testing methods represent a promising advancement in AIDS vaccine research, the dialogue surrounding AIDS screening highlights the complexity and ethical considerations involved in managing and preventing the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870529_2_138.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870529.2.138,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,549201600
6223,30,05,1987,"A.I.D.S. Campaign For Prisons 'educational’ (Press, 30 May 1987)","A campaign initiated by the Justice Department aims to curb the spread of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand prisons, but it will not address the distribution of condoms, as this could be perceived as legitimising both homosexual and heterosexual acts during visits, according to Acting Secretary for Justice, Mr Mel Smith. The focus of the campaign is educational, with the goal of treating all inmates as potentially infectious and implementing necessary precautions. As part of the initiative, a graphic and explicit A.I.D.S. educational video will be shown to both prison staff and inmates. This is complemented by training and educational sessions that have already begun across prison institutions. However, the department clarified that prisoners will not be routinely tested for A.I.D.S., though blood tests for other diseases such as hepatitis B are standard. The hepatitis B test alone is deemed insufficient for A.I.D.S. testing. Mr Smith also noted that there have been no known cases of A.I.D.S. reported in New Zealand prisons. He asserted the importance of ensuring inmates are properly educated about A.I.D.S., particularly due to behaviours like sharing razor blades that could increase the risk of transmission. Inmates who wish to be tested for the virus have the option to approach prison staff for assistance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870530_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870530.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,549288000
6224,30,05,1987,"Falwell Bars Bakker’s Return To Ministry (Press, 30 May 1987)","In May 1987, Jim Bakker, a prominent television evangelist and former host of the Praise the Lord (P.T.L.) ministry, was officially barred from returning to the ministry due to serious allegations of adultery, ""homosexual problems,"" and financial misconduct that involved the potential misuse of millions of dollars. Rev. Jerry Falwell, who took control of the P.T.L. ministry in March after Bakker's resignation, made this announcement during a press conference. Bakker had admitted to having a sexual encounter with Jessica Hahn, a former church secretary, prompting his resignation. Falwell asserted that since taking over the P.T.L., he uncovered significant fiscal irregularities and felt it was a disservice to God and the church to allow Bakker to return. Responding to Bakker's claims in an ABC television interview that Falwell had stolen the ministry from him, Falwell dismissed these allegations by likening the situation to someone claiming to have stolen the Titanic after its collision with an iceberg. Initially, Falwell believed Bakker was solely responsible for the incident with Hahn, but he later learned that one of Bakker’s associates had also been involved with her, and a third associate had attempted to engage with her as well. Falwell noted that Bakker had even approached this third man to inquire if he had been involved with Hahn too. Falwell stressed that Bakker must seek God's forgiveness, acknowledge the long-rumoured homosexual issues dating back to 1956, and return the millions of dollars he had allegedly taken from the ministry, which, according to Falwell, had been supported by widows and other contributors. Following Bakker's exit, officials at the P.T.L. ministry discovered that it was facing significant financial difficulties, with debts amounting to approximately $60 million (equivalent to $103.8 million in 1987), alongside missing funds totalling hundreds of thousands of dollars. This revelation highlighted not only the personal scandals surrounding Bakker but also the financial instability of the ministry he had led. The situation represented a critical moment in the history of television evangelism, intertwining issues of morality, leadership, and financial ethics within the religious community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870530_2_69_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870530.2.69.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,549288000
7211,05,06,1987,"New A.I.D.S. Therapies Undergoing Tests (Press, 5 June 1987)","On 5 June 1987, Robert Kearns reported that several promising therapies for AIDS are being tested, and the preliminary evaluation of an anti-AIDS vaccine may start within the next couple of years. During the Third International Conference on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Dr Samuel Broder from the United States National Cancer Institute discussed a compound named A.Z.T., which has shown efficacy in treating AIDS patients, despite causing severe side effects in some cases. Dr Broder noted that A.Z.T. can alleviate symptoms and prolong patient survival, although it is not a cure and its effects may diminish over time. A.Z.T. was the first AIDS treatment approved for sale in the United States, but it remains scarce and can cost patients up to US$50,000 annually. About half of the patients taking A.Z.T. have experienced toxic side effects, including nausea, headaches, and bone marrow suppression, yet Dr Broder remarked that some benefits are better than none. Additionally, researchers from the National Cancer Institute reported that A.Z.T. and related compounds known as dideoxynucleosides can suppress various human and animal retroviruses in laboratory settings. A researcher named Hiroaki Mitsuya stated that these compounds could confer significant survival advantages to some AIDS patients. Dr Broder also mentioned another compound called D.D.C., which is showing promise in early human trials, as some patients exhibited improvements in their immune function post-treatment. Mr W. F. H. Jarrett from the University of Glasgow indicated that tests for potential vaccines against AIDS could begin within the next year or two, initially using animal subjects like chimpanzees. However, many researchers warned that developing an effective vaccine is highly challenging and could take much longer than anticipated, with the possibility that it may not be achieved this century. Dr Jonathan Mann, director of AIDS programmes for the World Health Organisation (WHO), addressed the conference, highlighting the pandemic state of AIDS and the urgent need for substantial financial resources to combat the disease. He expressed confidence that the necessary funding would be secured, as abandoning parts of the world, particularly Africa, is not an option. The WHO estimates that there have been at least 50,000 diagnosed AIDS cases globally but suggests that the actual number may exceed 100,000 due to reporting issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870605_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870605.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,549806400
6225,06,06,1987,"Gays Asked To Support Labour (Press, 6 June 1987)","On 6 June 1987, approximately 40 homosexuals gathered in a nightclub in Auckland to discuss support for the Labour Party in the upcoming General Election. The meeting featured speakers including Mr Richard Northey, the Member of Parliament for Eden, Ms Jenny Kirk, the Birkenhead candidate, and Mr Chris Carter, the Albany candidate. Mrs Judy Keall, the Member of Parliament for Glenfield, sent her apologies for not being able to attend. During the event, attendees were urged to contribute financially to campaign funds, which would assist in electoral activities and encourage others to do the same. Mr Northey highlighted the importance of Labour's re-election for the future of the Homosexual Law Reform Act, indicating that its survival might hinge on the party's success in the election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870606_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870606.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,549892800
6226,09,06,1987,"Colourful Candidates For Italian Election (Press, 9 June 1987)","In preparation for the Parliamentary election scheduled for June 14-15, 1987, Italian political parties are presenting an array of unconventional candidates, enlisting personalities from diverse fields, including sports and entertainment. The practice of including celebrities on party lists is not new in Italy; however, this election sees an unprecedented number of high-profile individuals running for office. Candidates span a wide spectrum, earning media attention with the term “portatori di sangue” or “blood donors” used to describe them in newspapers. Among the contenders, violinist Uto Ughi is a notable figure on the Christian Democrat ticket. Meanwhile, pop singer Domenico Modugno, known as “Mr Volare,” and Hungarian porn star Ilona Staller, nicknamed “Cicciolina,” represent the Radical Party. Staller, 36, has attracted significant media buzz due to her daring campaign style, which features provocative topless appearances. Her popularity has led to a day being designated as “Cicciolina Day,” during which she was closely followed by reporters and photographers throughout her campaign activities in Rome. The Radical Party aims to challenge traditional moral perceptions with her candidacy, advocating against what they view as a repressive attitude towards pornography. The election also highlights the inclusion of openly homosexual candidates, with the Communists, Radicals, and Greens each nominating two leading figures from Italy's homosexual rights movement. Furthermore, Carole Beebe Tarantelli, an American-born widow of a prominent economist murdered by terrorists in 1985, is running on the Communist slate. Tarantelli believes women could become a significant voting bloc and feels that presenting a female candidate would bring a sense of integrity to the process, noting the current Parliament comprises only seven per cent women. In addition to these figures, the lists also feature three retired generals, including a former Army chief of staff, and Patrizio Oliva, the world junior welterweight boxing champion, running for the Christian Democrats. José Altafini, a Brazilian-born soccer star, is standing for the Republican Party. This blend of candidates, ranging from sports heroes to actors and activists, reflects a trend towards more dynamic and varied political representation in Italy’s electoral landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870609_2_69_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870609.2.69.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550152000
7516,10,06,1987,"A.i.d.s. Disinfectant Available In August (Press, 10 June 1987)","A new disinfectant and antiseptic called Phoraid, effective against the H.I.V. (A.I.D.S.) virus, is set to be launched in New Zealand in August 1987. The product was developed in Britain and will be distributed locally by a new company named Specialised Chemicals and Maintenance, directed by Mr John Williams. He highlighted that Phoraid is a quick and practical solution for neutralising the H.I.V. virus found in blood or body fluids following accidents. Mr Williams noted the importance of Phoraid for emergency responders who could be exposed to the virus while assisting injured individuals. This includes ambulance officers, police, firefighters, and medical and dental personnel. Phoraid has already demonstrated significant sales in Britain, with 65,000 litres sold in the initial two months after its introduction. Various police authorities have adopted Phoraid for disinfecting facilities like jail cells and toilets, and it is also commonly used in sports centres and swimming pools. New Zealand health authorities have shown considerable interest in Phoraid, indicating a strong market potential. The company expects to receive initial supplies the first week of August. Specialised Chemicals and Maintenance is a joint venture formed between Mr Williams and its Australian counterpart, with plans to introduce additional products to the New Zealand market shortly, including an air duct cleaner aimed at eliminating Legionnaire’s disease bacteria.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870610_2_149.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870610.2.149,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550238400
7392,10,06,1987,"Clothes To The Rescue (Press, 10 June 1987)","On 10 June 1987, a celebrity fashion show was held in London to raise funds for A.I.D.S. treatment, featuring contributions from star designers and models. Organised under the new charity Aids Crisis Trust (A.C.T.), the event showcased fifteen exotic evening dresses designed by prominent British fashion designers. The auction aimed to benefit the London Lighthouse hospice, a residential and daycare centre for individuals with A.I.D.S., set to officially open in February 1988. While Social Services Minister Norman Fowler had already contributed over $1,500,000 to the Lighthouse, additional funding was urgently needed. The event attracted a high-profile audience, including the Duchess of York. Among the auction items were not only the stunning dresses but also unique contributions such as a pair of ballet shoes worn by Rudolf Nureyev, a collection of twenty-two signed novels by Iris Murdoch, a lithograph by artist David Hockney, and a diamond ring presented by A.C.T. patron Elizabeth Taylor, engraved with the letter ""E."" Prominent models and personalities graced the runway, including Bianca Jagger, actresses Charlotte Lewis, Patricia Hodge, and Patsy Kensit, as well as singers Shirley Bassey and Sarah Brightman. The lavish collection of dresses included a gold-embroidered emerald frock by Rifat Ozbek, a Chinese-yellow taffeta dress by Bellville Sassoon, an original Fortuny greeny-gold Delphos, and a striking shocking-pink stole by Victor Edelstein. Marie Helvin, who organised the fashion show, remarked on the quality and array of dresses, noting the influx of pieces submitted for a silent auction from esteemed overseas designers including Yves Saint Laurent, Azzedine Alaia, Bill Blass, and a hat by Givenchy. Marie Helvin, who had a personal motivation to support the cause due to the impact of A.I.D.S. on her friends, expressed her commitment to the event. Marguerite Littman, the founder of A.C.T. and chairwoman, highlighted the urgency of addressing the A.I.D.S. crisis, stating the necessity for public support alongside government funding. She pointed out the uncertainty surrounding the number of people infected in Britain, estimating it could be as high as 40,000. Through her outreach efforts, she successfully garnered over 400 founding members for A.C.T. Both Helvin and Rifat Ozbek acknowledged Littman’s dedication and impact, with Ozbek referring to her as ""an angel without wings"" for her extensive contributions. Littman herself recognised that the fundraising efforts were merely the start of a long journey in combating the crisis, reiterating the ongoing need for awareness and support.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870610_2_107_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870610.2.107.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550238400
6227,10,06,1987,"Prisoners May Be Tested For A.I.D.S. (Press, 10 June 1987)","On 10 June 1987, discussions were held in Melbourne among state prison ministers of Australia regarding the potential implementation of condoms and compulsory A.I.D.S. testing in prisons, driven by insights from the National A.I.D.S. Task Force led by Professor David Penington. Professor Penington highlighted the unique circumstances surrounding prisons that necessitate stronger measures against A.I.D.S. compared to the broader community. He pointed out that a heightened risk of non-consensual homosexual acts and violence in prisons creates an environment where A.I.D.S. could spread more easily. He argued that it would be irresponsible to ignore the reality of homosexuality in prisons, noting that when men are confined together, such behaviour is likely to occur. He stressed that the community would be outraged if individuals entering prison, even for minor offences, were subjected to coercion and returned home carrying the virus. The meeting included prison ministers from various states, such as Don Neal from Queensland and Jim Kennan from Victoria, who were tasked with addressing various challenges within their jurisdictions. Professor Penington advocated for the availability of condoms in prisons akin to cigarettes, emphasising their role in reducing the transmission risk of the virus. He also asserted that while isolated facilities for A.I.D.S. patients were not yet necessary, the landscape could change, suggesting that compulsory testing might soon be implemented across Australia, provided adequate safeguards and a focus on confidentiality were established. Currently, Queensland and the Northern Territory had already enacted compulsory A.I.D.S. testing, with voluntary testing available in many other regions. At this juncture, fewer than ten prisoners were known to be infected with the virus, and full-blown A.I.D.S. cases had not been reported. While acknowledging the potential benefit of providing clean needles to prevent A.I.D.S. transmission through intravenous drug use, Professor Penington dismissed this option, citing that such measures might inadvertently endorse illegal drug use. He reassured that the sharing of facilities with A.I.D.S. patients was not posing significant risks to other prisoners, although he mentioned that in the United States, fear of the disease had led to violence and fatalities within prisons. In conclusion, Professor Penington underscored the necessity of educating prison personnel about A.I.D.S. prevention and fostering an open dialogue about the issue as vital steps towards safeguarding both inmates and the community at large.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870610_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870610.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550238400
7212,11,06,1987,"Expectations ‘too High’ For A.I.D.S. Drug (Press, 11 June 1987)","In June 1987, Dr Daniel Barbara, director of the A.I.D.S. clinic at Parkland Hospital in Dallas, expressed concerns regarding the effectiveness of the A.Z.T. drug in treating A.I.D.S. after results from clinical trials raised expectations too high. His remarks followed a clinical trial carried out by Burroughs Wellcome Company, which revealed that only one out of 144 A.I.D.S. patients died during the trial, compared to 16 out of 137 patients who received placebos. This led to optimism about the drug's potential to significantly combat the disease. Dr Barbara reported that among his patients taking A.Z.T., 13 out of 37 had died, indicating a concerning mortality rate of about 35 per cent. He noted that many of these patients had not adhered to the minimum recommended duration of the drug regimen. Nevertheless, he acknowledged some positive outcomes, suggesting that A.Z.T. appeared to be more effective in less advanced cases of the disease. At San Francisco General Hospital, where A.Z.T. had been administered to 70 patients since November, only one patient had died. However, a significant number of patients—32—had to discontinue the drug due to adverse side effects or new infections. A.Z.T., known scientifically as azidothymidine, is recognised for its potent antiviral properties, but it is also highly toxic, suppressing red blood cell production and causing side effects such as fever, nausea, and severe headaches. Overall, the tone of the reports emphasised a cautious approach towards the drug, reflecting the complex realities of A.I.D.S. treatment and the challenges faced by patients and healthcare providers alike.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870611_2_190_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870611.2.190.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550324800
6228,11,06,1987,"Taranaki ‘should W Aware Of A.I.D.S.' (Press, 11 June 1987)","Dr Bert White, director of pathology at the Taranaki Hospital Board, has raised concerns about the potential presence of the AIDSL virus in the New Plymouth community. Despite only one positive antibody test being reported in New Plymouth, Dr White believes that others may have been tested elsewhere or may not be aware of their status regarding the virus. He emphasised the importance for people to be vigilant, noting that there could be individuals who have returned from high-risk areas, such as Sydney, who may carry the virus without having been tested. Dr White acknowledged the uncertainty around the number of homosexual residents in Taranaki, which could affect the understanding of the virus's presence in the region. He expressed apprehension about the community's awareness of the AIDS virus and advocated for increased testing among populations at risk. Dr White's comments come in the context of growing awareness surrounding health issues related to the virus, while also stressing the need for sensitivity and accuracy in discussing it, in order to avoid sensationalism. He highlighted the necessity for education and proper testing procedures to ensure that those who may be affected can receive the necessary support and treatment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870611_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870611.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550324800
7886,12,06,1987,"‘the Quiet Earth’ Nominated In 11 Categories (Press, 12 June 1987)","The sci-fi thriller ""The Quiet Earth,"" directed by Geoff Murphy and featuring Bruno Lawrence, has received significant recognition by being nominated for 11 categories at the 1987 G.O.F.T.A. Awards, including best film and best director. This makes it the most nominated film at the awards. Following it is the animated feature ""Footrot Flats,"" which received six nominations and is also in contention for best film along with ""Arriving Tuesday."" In the category for best female performance in a leading role, the finalists include Alison Routledge for ""The Quiet Earth,"" Judy McIntosh for ""Arriving Tuesday,"" and Lisa Harrow for ""Shaker Run."" For the male performance in a leading role, nominations are given to Bruno Lawrence, John Clarke for ""Footrot Flats,"" and Peter Hayden for ""Arriving Tuesday."" Both Alison Routledge and Bruno Lawrence have also been recognised for their supporting roles in ""Bridge to Nowhere."" The nominees for best director are Geoff Murphy for ""The Quiet Earth,"" Bruce Morrison for ""Shaker Run,"" and Murray Ball for ""Footrot Flats."" The Guild of Film and Television Arts announced a total of 91 finalists across 29 categories, with 15 categories dedicated to television and 13 to film. In the television categories, last year's best entertainer, Billy T. James, is once again in contention for the title, joined by singer Annie Crummer and the Topp Twins. Nominated in the best entertainment programme category are ""The Billy T. James Show,"" an episode of ""This Is Your Life"" featuring rugby player George Nepia, and a special from the Topp Twins. The factual series nominees include ""Close Up,"" ""Expressions of Sexuality,"" and ""Weekend."" For best documentary programme, the contenders are the first episode of ""Expressions of Sexuality"" focusing on adolescence titled ""Fair Go For Tim,"" and ""Swan Lake"" from ""Wild South."" The best drama series nominations are ""About Face,"" ""Adventurer,"" ""Terry and the Gunrunners,"" and ""Fireraiser."" In the children's programme category, ""Cuckooland,"" ""Fireraiser,"" and ""Terry and the Gunrunners"" received nominations. For best performance in a dramatic role on television, the finalists include Georgina Beyer in ""Jewel's Dart,"" Jennifer Ward-Lealand in ""Danny and Raewyn,"" Lorae Parry in ""Open House,"" Lucky Sheehan in ""A Fitting Tribute,"" and Tungia Baker in ""Open House."" For the best performance in a dramatic role, Jon Trimmer in ""Fireraiser"" was nominated alongside Mitchell Manuel in ""Mark H,"" Peter Bland in ""Heart of the High Country,"" and Peter Hayden in ""Fireraiser."" For best commercial, the nominees are Fresh Up featuring the Limbs dance group, Europa with ""Travelling On,"" and Apple Computer. The winners will be announced at a ceremony scheduled for 15 July 1987. G.O.F.T.A.’s vice-chairman, Mr Norman Elder, highlighted the notable increase in independent television programmes chosen as finalists this year, suggesting a positive outlook for the local film and television industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870612_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870612.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550411200
6229,17,06,1987,"Hearing For Gay Man (Press, 17 June 1987)","On 17 June 1987, a United States Court of Appeals made a significant ruling regarding the National Security Agency (NSA) and its treatment of employees based on sexual orientation. The court decided that the NSA must provide a hearing before dismissing an employee identified in legal documents as John Doe, a cryptographic technician, on the grounds of being a security risk due to his homosexuality. This ruling emphasises the legal rights of employees, particularly in terms of due process, as it pertains to employment termination in sensitive government positions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870617_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870617.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550843200
6230,18,06,1987,"Honest, Sensitive Answers Reassure Children (Press, 18 June 1987)","On 18 June 1987, a news article highlighted a discussion session on puberty hosted by the Family Planning Association (F.P.A.), specifically designed for children and their parents. The sessions had evolved over the past decade, prompted by requests from Parent-Teacher Associations at intermediate schools, as formal education on such topics had been outlawed in the school syllabus until recent changes permitted some discussion. During one of these evening sessions, an 11-year-old boy raised questions on various topics related to sexuality and reproduction, illustrating the curiosity of the children attending. Questions ranged from childbirth to the meaning of miscarriage and aspects of sexual intercourse. Sue Billing, chairperson of the F.P.A.’s national education committee, noted that children’s inquiries often stemmed from personal experiences or conversations they overheard. The article pointed out that while some parents expressed hesitation regarding discussions of sexuality with young children, most found reassurance in the manner their questions were received—honestly and sensitively. Parents often appreciated the opportunity for open communication about these topics, contrasting with their own upbringing. A significant aim of the F.P.A. sessions was to equip both parents and children with a comprehensive understanding of human sexuality, thereby fostering ongoing dialogues at home. Teenagers also benefited from discussing their relationships and sexuality within a supportive school environment. Feedback from fifth-form students in Christchurch indicated that these courses significantly enhanced their understanding and comfort in discussing these subjects, with many expressing that such discussions had helped strengthen their relationships with parents. For over 50 years, the F.P.A. has prioritised sexual education and understanding, which has become a substantial focus of their work over the past decade. They employ part-time educators in major centres and utilize volunteers in smaller ones. Their educational efforts extend across diverse community groups, providing training for teachers and resources for parents, as well as courses on various topics related to sexuality, relationships, and health. The article also referenced concerns regarding adolescents' self-esteem, with particular emphasis on issues faced by teenage girls. A supervisor from an Auckland clinic remarked on the devastatingly low self-esteem among young women, who sometimes accepted abusive relationships as normal. The development of self-worth in these adolescents was recognised as a vital part of the F.P.A.'s mission. Additionally, the F.P.A. offers various educational resources, including books on contraception and sexuality topics, aiming to provide thorough information in a society where comprehensive discussions about sexual health and relationships have increasingly been acknowledged as essential. Overall, community acceptance of sexual education and open conversations about these subjects has grown significantly, reflecting a broader shift in societal attitudes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870618_2_93_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870618.2.93.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,550929600
6231,19,06,1987,"Man Guilty Of Murder (Press, 19 June 1987)","An Auckland man, Robert Charles Moeller, aged 25, has been found guilty of murder by a jury in the High Court at Hamilton. The trial, presided over by Mr Justice Gallen, established that Moeller committed the crime on 25 September 1986 in Te Kowhai, near Hamilton. He was subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of an unnamed victim. The victim had picked up Moeller while he was hitchhiking to New Plymouth. Following their encounter, the man's body was discovered the next day on the edge of the Te Kowhai road, showing signs of severe violence, including seven stab wounds, broken ribs, bruising, and lacerations. During the trial, Moeller admitted to wielding the knife that resulted in the victim's death but claimed that he acted in self-defence. He asserted that the victim had made a homosexual advance toward him, which he cited as the reason for his actions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870619_2_58_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870619.2.58.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,551016000
6232,19,06,1987,"Woman Relates Hardships Faced By A Transexual (Press, 19 June 1987)","On 19 June 1987, during a session of the Royal Commission on Social Policy, Ms Andrea Corbett, a registered nurse and transsexual woman, shared her struggles regarding societal discrimination faced by transsexual individuals in New Zealand. Despite identifying as a woman and living as one, Ms Corbett revealed that her birth certificate still bore her male name, creating significant challenges both personally and professionally. She described how her employers mandated that she dress in male attire until she could provide an amended birth certificate reflecting her female gender, an impossible requirement for her at that moment, as current laws did not permit such changes without extensive documentation and processes. She highlighted that this discrimination barred transsexual individuals from becoming independent and self-reliant members of society, as they encountered systemic roadblocks in acquiring the necessary documentation and recognition in their affirmed gender. Ms Corbett clarified that transsexualism, often misunderstood, is a legitimate medical condition known as gender dysphoria syndrome. She emphasised that no treatment has successfully changed one's gender identity, leading medical professionals to accept that the most effective means of alleviating the distress associated with gender dysphoria is through body modification, also known as sex reassignment surgery. However, she pointed out that the term “sex change” misleadingly simplifies the complex process that includes psychotherapy, hormonal therapy, and extensive evaluation by healthcare teams before any surgical intervention can take place. The portrayal of transsexual individuals in the media was also a concern for Ms Corbett. She noted that sensationalist coverage often conflated transsexuals with other groups, such as drag queens or transvestites, leading to social stigma that hindered the ability of post-operative transsexuals to live with dignity and access equal opportunities. She called for better understanding and acceptance of transsexual identity, which she asserted should not be disregarded as a form of disability. Financial burden was another significant issue she raised, citing the high costs associated with surgeries and rehabilitation processes. Many trans individuals faced expenses ranging from NZ$15,000 to NZ$20,000, plus additional costs for travel and accommodation, with insurance companies often refusing to cover these necessary medical procedures, terming them cosmetic rather than essential for health. Lastly, Ms Corbett posed a poignant question about the legal recognition of gender identity and the basic human rights of transsexual individuals. She asked whether society would allow trans individuals the happiness of marriage and social acceptance or continue to enforce unwritten norms that deny them these fundamental rights. Her testimony underscored the urgent need for societal and legal reforms to support the rights and identities of transsexual people in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870619_2_132.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870619.2.132,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,551016000
6233,23,06,1987,"‘Sexual Misconduct’ Puts Defence Jobs On Line (Press, 23 June 1987)","On 23 June 1987, it was reported that the American Defence Department has informed approximately three million workers that they may lose their security clearances and potentially their jobs due to new regulations concerning ""sexual misconduct."" These regulations detail specific behaviours deemed unacceptable, which include homosexuality, adultery, wife swapping, group sex orgies, and sexual acts with animals. According to a Pentagon spokesman, the aim of these regulations is to ensure that personnel and private contractors who have access to sensitive information are not at risk of being blackmailed. The revised regulations articulate what constitutes sexual misconduct in a more specific manner than prior guidelines. Under the new rules, individuals could be barred from receiving security clearances for actions involving animals, self-mutilation, self-punishment or degradation, spouse swapping, and group sexual activities. Additionally, recent and frequent adultery that negatively impacts workplace order or discipline is also forbidden. The definitions included in these regulations also cover what they describe as ""deviant or perverted sexual behaviour,"" suggesting that practices which indicate potential mental or personality disorders, such as transsexualism, transvestism, exhibitionism, voyeurism, bestiality, or sodomy, are grounds for disqualification. The new regulations have raised concerns among some members of Congress and homosexual rights organisations. Representatives Don Edwards and Patricia Schroeder have expressed their apprehension through a letter addressed to Defence Secretary Caspar Weinberger, questioning the vagueness and broad nature of the new rules and suggesting that they could lead to unfair treatment of homosexual individuals. Homosexual rights groups, including the California-based High Tech Gays, have strongly protested the regulations, arguing that they could facilitate discrimination against homosexuals within the military and civilian defence sectors. However, Pentagon officials have clarified that being homosexual would not automatically disqualify someone from obtaining a security clearance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870623_2_145.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870623.2.145,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,551361600
7213,23,06,1987,"Four Given New Drug (Press, 23 June 1987)","On 23 June 1987, the Health Department in New Zealand announced that four patients would begin treatment with a new drug for AIDS, zidovudine, also known by its brand names Retrovir and AZT. Dr Ralph Riseley, the department's principal medical officer of health, clarified that while zidovudine could slow the multiplication of the virus in the body, it was not a cure for AIDS. He highlighted that the use of the drug carried certain risks, prompting the department to implement close monitoring of patients for any adverse reactions. Research conducted overseas indicated that AIDS patients suffering from a specific form of pneumonia could benefit significantly from the medication. The annual cost of zidovudine was approximately NZ$16,000 per patient, and the drug was still undergoing clinical trials. The approval process for its use involved a special sub-committee of the AIDS Advisory Committee, which reviewed each application individually. The four patients selected to receive zidovudine were located in Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch, marking a significant step in the treatment approach to AIDS in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870623_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870623.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,551361600
7517,24,06,1987,"Action On A.i.d.s. (Press, 24 June 1987)","In a letter to the editor dated 17 June 1987, Julie Holden expresses strong opposition to Robert Koch's proposal for mandatory antibody testing for A.I.D.S. and the isolation of individuals who test positive. Holden argues that current testing practices predominantly involve self-selection among high-risk groups and that implementing compulsory testing would be both cost-ineffective and time-consuming. She believes that the prospect of isolation would deter individuals from getting tested, as they may wish to avoid potential punishment. She points out that not everyone who tests positive necessarily carries the live virus, challenging the justification for extreme measures like quarantine that infringe on personal liberty. Holden highlights the logistical challenges of enforcing such a quarantine, noting that there is no defined period of infectiousness for the virus, making it difficult to determine when or if an individual could be safely released back into society. Additionally, Holden warns that the community's sense of security could diminish current preventative measures, risking an increase in transmission if carriers avoid testing. She stresses that there is no evidence to suggest that H.I.V. can be transmitted through casual contact, thus deeming the idea of segregating carriers as impractical and excessively restrictive. Holden advocates for a more thoughtful and compassionate approach to managing the A.I.D.S. crisis rather than one based on fear and isolation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870624_2_109_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870624.2.109.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,551448000
6234,25,06,1987,"Bridegroom Leaves Wife For Best Man (Press, 25 June 1987)","In a shocking turn of events just nine days after their wedding, a Welsh bridegroom named Colin Williams, aged 25, abandoned his bride, Melanie, to pursue a relationship with his best man, Paul Richards, who is 21 years old and works as a health worker. The couple revealed to the Sun newspaper that they had developed romantic feelings for each other weeks before Colin's marriage to Melanie, but had attempted to suppress their emotions. Richards expressed that they both sensed a strong connection when they first met, indicating that their bond could not be denied despite their efforts to cool their relationship leading up to the wedding. Colin admitted that he realised he had made a grave mistake, declaring that his true feelings were for Paul rather than Melanie. He also mentioned that it was Melanie who introduced him to Paul initially, suggesting that she was aware of Colin's feelings before their marriage took place. Following the abrupt end of their union, Colin has moved in with Paul in Cardiff, leaving Melanie heartbroken.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870625_2_164_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870625.2.164.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,551534400
6235,01,07,1987,"On-set Shrinks: Firming Up Tv’s ‘reality... (Press, 1 July 1987)","In a 1987 article discussing the increased collaboration between psychiatry and television, the role of psychiatric consultants in shaping TV narratives became a notable focus. Historically, the depiction of psychiatrists on television has often lacked realism, characterised by stereotypical portrayals and oversimplified psychological issues. However, the 1980s have seen a shift, with genuine psychiatric professionals being increasingly enlisted by producers and writers to lend credibility and depth to character development on shows such as “Hotel” and “The Cosby Show.” These psychiatric consultants are involved in various aspects of production, from validating character motivations to providing insights into mental health issues like anorexia nervosa and anxiety. Kristin Gabriel, representing the Southern California Psychiatric Society, highlighted the rising demand for psychiatric expertise, noting that many TV professionals reach out for guidance before finalising scripts. The service often allows for brief consultations, effectively addressing common queries about psychological conditions. Dr. Barry Goldstein, a child psychiatrist, expressed his involvement in production meetings, assisting writers in integrating psychiatric themes in ways that are both accurate and entertaining. This collaboration aims to ensure narratives are relatable and meaningful, particularly as audiences begin to take the portrayal of such serious issues earnestly. Industry practices are evolving, as demonstrated by the consultation process in successful shows. Dr. Alvin F. Poussaint has provided detailed advice for “The Cosby Show,” ensuring the portrayal of sensitive subjects is thoroughly scrutinised. Furthermore, noted psychiatrist Dr. Carole Lieberman has been consulted on over 100 programmes, raising concerns about the potential negative impact of misrepresentations of mental illness in media. She argues for the responsibility of writers to approach these topics thoughtfully, given the influence of television on audience perceptions. Despite these advancements, some individuals within the industry remain sceptical about the need for psychiatric consultation, viewing it as unnecessary or purely common sense. Yet, consultants like Lieberman advocate for the vital importance of portraying nuanced and realistic representations of mental health, hoping to dissolve harmful stereotypes associated with psychiatric care. Ultimately, the collaboration between psychiatry and television aims to not only enhance storytelling but also reshape public perceptions of mental health professionals, promoting a more favourable image while educating audiences about the complexities of mental health through an accessible medium.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870701_2_94_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870701.2.94.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552052800
6236,02,07,1987,"Election Whims In Two Towns Will Decide Tasman... (Press, 2 July 1987)","The outcome of the upcoming election for the Tasman electorate is set to be significantly influenced by the voting decisions of undecided voters in the urban areas of Richmond and Motueka. A recent poll conducted by Nelson Polytechnic on behalf of the ""Nelson Evening Mail"" indicates that Labour’s Ken Shirley holds a slight lead over National’s Gerald Hunt, with Shirley at 4 per cent ahead. This marks an improvement for Labour, which had previously lagged behind National by 1.6 per cent in an October 1986 poll. However, the share of undecided voters, which stands at a notable 30 per cent, is seen as a crucial factor in determining the election's outcome. Notably, both Richmond and Motueka, key Labour strongholds, show diminishing support for Shirley. In Richmond, Labour garnered 51.5 per cent of the vote in the last election but has now dropped to 28.2 per cent. Similarly, Motueka's Labour support fell from 67 per cent in 1984 to 31.7 per cent in the current poll, while National’s support in the town increased to 21.7 per cent from 16 per cent. This shift suggests that traditional Labour backing is wavering, with many voters remaining undecided. Ken Shirley, a first-term MP with a background in resource management, is seen as a diligent politician, although he has a lower profile than his influential predecessor, Sir Wallace Rowling. He acknowledges that uncommitted voters are pivotal in securing another Labour win and expresses concern that traditional Labour supporters may feel alienated due to the government's economic policies. On the other hand, Gerald Hunt, a Motueka tobacco farmer and seasoned candidate who has previously run for parliament, believes that this might be his moment to succeed, capitalising on the dissatisfaction with the current government's economic management and related issues. Hunt has been campaigning full-time since late 1986 and aims to leverage his deep roots in the community to garner support. Tasman is a predominantly rural electorate that has historically leaned Labour, benefiting from strong agricultural output, including being a key producer of kiwifruit and apples. However, economic challenges, such as high interest rates affecting farmers, are cited by Hunt as diminishing Labour's appeal among rural voters. Recent boundary changes have also played a role in shaping the electoral landscape, with areas transitioning from Tasman to Marlborough that previously supported National, while retaining pro-Labour areas like Murchison. Both candidates believe they are attracting disaffected voters from the opposing camp, and without alternative candidates vying for votes, the potential for a swing among undecided voters remains high. Political analysts speculate that while Shirley may have the upper hand due to his parliamentary experience, he could still lose the seat if disenchanted Labour supporters do not turn out on election day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870702_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870702.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552139200
6237,06,07,1987,"Timaru Campaign Will Test National Seat (Press, 6 July 1987)","The Timaru electorate is facing a major test in the upcoming General Election, following the unexpected victory of National in the 1985 by-election. Traditionally a Labour stronghold for 57 years, Timaru is questioning whether the National win was a one-off result or indicative of a significant political shift. The change followed the death of long-serving Labour MP Sir Basil Arthur in 1985, which led to Labour's poor campaign that year. Labour’s candidate, Jan Walker, was seen as an outsider with feminist views, while Maurice McTigue from National, a local farmer and conservative, leveraged his established presence in the community to secure victory. Despite the Labour party's attempts to regain influence in the Timaru electorate, challenges remain. Voter turnout during the by-election saw many Labour supporters abstain, leading to a 13 per cent decrease in their vote share. Meanwhile, National gained a modest 4.5 per cent increase, allowing McTigue to win by a margin of 1,492 votes. The recent boundary changes have only minorly altered the electorate's make-up, with most voters still within the city and surrounding rural areas that historically favour National. In the lead-up to the 1987 General Election, National is focusing on solidifying McTigue’s image and capitalising on Labour’s disadvantages. Labour is putting forward Gary Clarke, a local solicitor, but observers note he has yet to establish a strong local presence. McTigue's proactive engagement on key local issues, such as the closure of the Watties factory, has raised his profile. Economic challenges, including rising unemployment and a struggling local economy, have generated discontent among voters, with many attributing their hardships to government policies. The electorate appears to be pragmatic and values candidates who prioritise local concerns over specific party ideologies. Historically, Timaru has supported conservative representatives, and despite recent economic difficulties, the community showcases signs of affluence with new businesses emerging. Voter demographics indicate strong support for conservative social values, particularly regarding issues like abortion and homosexual law reform. Competing parties, such as the New Zealand Party and the New Zealand Democratic Party, face significant hurdles, as their local candidates have low visibility and popularity. Both major parties are vying for the votes of those who may have previously shifted to third parties, with Labour showing confidence based on positive opinion polls. Labour believes that if it can effectively mobilise its supporters and increase its vote share by 9 per cent, it could regain control of Timaru. Ultimately, the election will reveal whether the abstention of over 3,000 Labour supporters in the 1985 by-election was a fleeting protest against specific issues or a deeper discontent with the party’s direction. The outcome will be crucial in determining Timaru's political future and assessing the broader sentiments of New Zealand voters during this transitional period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870706_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870706.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552484800
7478,07,07,1987,"Bond Swaps Womanising For Romance (Press, 7 July 1987)","Timothy Dalton has made his debut as the new James Bond in ""The Living Daylights,"" which premiered recently. This marks a significant shift in the portrayal of the iconic secret agent, moving away from the traditional womanising image to one that emphasises romance and safe sex. The British press has noted that Dalton's Bond is more credible and resourceful in action while focusing on a single romantic relationship rather than casual encounters. The tabloid ""Star"" highlighted that Dalton's Bond is ""no bed-hopping Bond,"" and praised his performance, which was characterised as tough yet sensitive. Similarly, the conservative ""Daily Telegraph"" supported this view, commenting that Dalton's portrayal is marked by a newfound ""dependable Britishness."" Instead of seducing multiple women, this version of Bond appears committed to falling in love with just one. ""The Times"" described Dalton's portrayal as ""suitably English,"" with the review indicating that he brings a serious tone to the role, in contrast to the previous actors. The review noted that while Sean Connery was characterised by irony and Roger Moore by a flamboyant approach, Dalton adopts an intense persona, making it clear that he takes Bond's responsibilities seriously. However, not all reviews were wholly positive. The ""Daily Mail"" expressed some reservations, suggesting that Dalton's performance sometimes lacked the charisma of his predecessors. The critic noted that Dalton's approach to his heroine resembled ""the romantic diffidence of a management trainee escorting the boss’s daughter,"" implying a more subdued and restrained depiction of romance. Overall, Dalton's entry into the Bond franchise signifies a shift towards a more modern interpretation of the character, reflecting societal changes and contemporary attitudes towards relationships and sexuality. As the sixteenth film in the series, ""The Living Daylights"" aims to resonate with audiences in the context of the 1980s, particularly in light of evolving conversations around safe sex in the era of AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870707_2_158_23.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870707.2.158.23,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552571200
6239,08,07,1987,"Age Limit Placed On ‘gay’ Magazine (Press, 8 July 1987)","On 8 July 1987, the High Court of New Zealand made a significant ruling regarding the magazine ""Gay Scene"". The Court determined that the publication is only indecent for individuals under 18 years of age, overturning a prior decision by the Indecent Publications Tribunal. The case stemmed from an appeal by the Lawrence Publishing Company against the Tribunal's original ruling from 1 March 1985, which classified a specific issue of ""Gay Scene"", dated November 1 of that year, as indecent. The Comptroller of Customs acted as the respondent in the appeal. In delivering the Court's decision, Mr Justice Quilliam noted that the underlying context of the Tribunal’s decision was based in part on the legal status of homosexual acts between males, which at the time were criminal offences. However, the current legal climate had changed since then, contributing to the Court's reevaluation of the classification of the magazine. Mr Justice Quilliam explained that the primary consideration for the Court was whether the material in question had ""the capacity for some actual harm."" While the majority of content in ""Gay Scene"" catered to homosexual readers, it was not deemed to promote homosexual acts. He further remarked that the magazine was unlikely to influence individuals who did not already identify as homosexual, deeming that any persuasive elements present within the publication were minimal compared to its entirety. Nevertheless, the Court acknowledged a concern for younger readers, stating that the magazine could indeed pose actual harm to them and warranting a limitation on its availability to adults only. This ruling was delivered by a panel of judges that included Mr Justice Quilliam, Mr Justice Jeffries, and Mr Justice Greig, marking an important moment in the ongoing discussion about censorship, sexual orientation, and the rights of individuals in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870708_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870708.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552657600
6238,08,07,1987,"Play Deals Explicitly With Homosexuality (Press, 8 July 1987)","""Me and the Girls,"" the only Noel Coward play that explicitly addresses homosexuality, is set to air on One tonight at 10 PM. The play features Tom Courtenay in the role of George, a homosexual cabaret artist who is facing terminal illness in a Swiss sanatorium. The narrative alternates between George's current struggles and flashbacks to key moments in his past, highlighting both his triumphs and failures in the world of performance, along with a poignant focus on his deep love for Harry, who tragically died in a motorcycle accident. The portrayal captures the essence of George as a man who has remained true to his identity and talents throughout a life marked by love and loss. Notable performances also come from Nichola McAuliffe and Robert Glenister, with the screenplay crafted by Ken Taylor and directed by Jack Gold.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870708_2_87_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870708.2.87.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552657600
6240,11,07,1987,"Campaign Aims For $2m (Press, 11 July 1987)","On 10 July 1987, the Coalition of Concerned Citizens announced the launch of a campaign aimed at raising $2 million for a television advertising initiative designed to combat crime and violence in New Zealand. The organisation, known for its previous efforts against the homosexual law reform bill, is spearheading the ""Stamp out Crime Campaign"". According to spokesman Mr Gary Milne, the objective is to gather enough funds to commence television advertisements within a six-month timeframe. The planned advertisements will highlight recent cases of lenient court sentences, and they are intended to articulate specific demands to the Government. These demands include the recruitment of an additional 1000 police officers, an outright ban on pornographic and excessively violent videos, the establishment of minimum prison terms, a referendum concerning the death penalty, and the implementation of policies involving victims' rights in the parole process. Mr Milne emphasised that the campaign aims to heighten public awareness regarding crime and put pressure on governmental authorities to respond to these issues. The Coalition believes that the advertisements will effectively motivate the Government to take action, predicting that they will lead to the introduction of several hundred more police officers in a short period. Mr Milne asserted that this outcome would demonstrate the responsiveness of politicians to public pressure and highlighted the importance of community support for the campaign’s success. To further discuss the campaign, a meeting is scheduled to take place in Christchurch on 4 August 1987. The event will feature testimonials from victims of crime, as well as representatives from the Police Association, aiming to galvanise support for the initiative and outline the group's objectives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870711_2_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870711.2.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552916800
6969,11,07,1987,"More Money 'no Solution’ In Education (Press, 11 July 1987)","On 11 July 1987, Miss Ruth Richardson, the Opposition's spokeswoman on education, addressed a group of around 100 attendees at her campaign opening at the Lincoln Community Centre. She emphasised that simply increasing funding for the education system would not address its core issues, asserting that the National Party prioritised education more than any other issue. Richardson cited numerous reports indicating New Zealand's struggling educational performance, indicating that the country was lagging behind in international standards. She outlined the National Party's vision for education, advocating for policies that would promote choice and accountability. Richardson stressed the need for a significant overhaul of the education system to prepare New Zealand's youth for a global environment, not just a local one. Specific investments were needed, particularly in initiatives such as the reading recovery programme. During her speech, Richardson engaged with the audience, who remained relatively subdued, even humourously questioning the absence of hecklers typically present at campaign events. She was critical of the Labour Party's corporatisation policies, labelling them as deceptive and superficial. She described the situation as having ""a classic corporate transvestite,"" indicating that the reforms were merely cosmetic changes rather than genuine improvements. Beyond education, Richardson expressed her views on other political issues, including her opposition to capital punishment while condemning the inadequate prison sentences being handed out. She also criticised the selective nature of the government's economic deregulation and highlighted the struggles faced by wheat growers in her constituency, who were disadvantaged by government policies that inadequately addressed their competitive position against subsidised international producers. Richardson concluded her address by outlining the National Party's economic objectives, which included lowering inflation and interest rates, freeing up the labour market, reducing wharf-handling costs, and reforming livestock taxation. Overall, her campaign opening focused on advocating for a transformative approach to both education and economic policies for the benefit of New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870711_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870711.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552916800
6780,11,07,1987,"Peace Studies (Press, 11 July 1987)","In a letter published on 11 July 1987, P. Clements, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Concerned Parents' Association, expressed serious concerns regarding the educational resource titled “Extending Peaceful Relationships,” which had been recommended by the Minister of Education. Clements highlighted that the book was presented without indicating it was a draft open for feedback, suggesting a lack of transparency in its promotion. The letter pointed out specific content within the book that was likely to be objectionable to parents. It noted the book’s commendation of organisations such as “Lesbian Line” and the Gay Rights Association for their efforts towards peace, raising alarms about the implications of including these groups in the educational material. Clements questioned whether references to these organisations and their outreach materials had been eliminated in subsequent revisions. Moreover, Clements accused the text of exhibiting a strong pro-feminist agenda by critiquing what it described as an “adult white male society” and contesting traditional gender roles, indicating a perceived bias in the presentation of gender issues. The letter also addressed a concerning portrayal of New Zealand history, particularly regarding Maori land claims, asserting that the book's treatment was overly one-sided and thereby hindered the promotion of racial harmony. In summary, Clements concluded that if all the objectionable content were to be removed, the book would be significantly reduced in size. The letter reflects a broader unease among certain parent groups regarding how educational materials address themes of gender, sexuality, and cultural history, advocating for a more balanced and acceptable approach in teaching resources.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870711_2_136_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870711.2.136.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,552916800
6970,13,07,1987,"Ruth Richardson Replies To Nicola Anderson’s... (Press, 13 July 1987)","On 13 July 1987, Ruth Richardson, the National Party's spokesperson on education, addressed various educational and social issues in response to Nicola Anderson’s questions. Richardson argued against raising the school leaving age, citing New Zealand's low educational participation rates among 17-year-olds compared to 18 other countries surveyed by the OECD. She contended that simply passing laws would not solve the underlying problems but suggested that efforts should be focused on making the education and training systems more relevant to youth needs. Regarding the newly introduced Sixth Form Certificate system, Richardson expressed her disapproval, noting that it resulted in unfair assessments that often did not reflect students' actual performance. She pointed out that in one instance, girls in a sixth-form chemistry class had to achieve higher marks than boys for similar grades due to the flawed grading system tied to school performance at the School Certificate level. Richardson also condemned the current approach to assessment, criticising the ranking system that led to a failure label for the bottom half of the students. She proposed a shift to an achievement-based system, rewarding students for demonstrated competence rather than comparative rankings. On unemployment, Richardson stated that policies unfavourable to production would naturally result in high unemployment rates, particularly among the youth, where over 50% of the unemployed were under 24. She highlighted the need to change the current financial incentives that allowed youths to receive more while unemployed than they would in education or training. She advocated for enhancing the quality of education and training systems to encourage more young people to pursue further skills. In response to questions about military training for the unemployed, Richardson rejected the idea of punishment through compulsory military service. She believed the focus should be on providing education or training opportunities, rather than paying young people to do nothing. Richardson discussed the Goods and Services Tax (GST), suggesting her party's preference for a different approach to indirect taxation that would avoid the complexities associated with GST. She indicated the National Party's willingness to allow nuclear-powered ships into Lyttelton Harbour, adopting a similar stance as the Labour Party regarding US military aircraft. Her perspective on the curriculum review was critical, asserting that it would not lead to improvements in education. She believed it would allow for a continuation of existing problems within the education system. Richardson noted the inconsistency in the age of independence in related laws and expressed her support for aligning these ages to 18. On gender representation in Parliament, she acknowledged that women faced additional challenges but affirmed that merit should prevail over prejudice. When discussing crime, she dismissed capital punishment, urging that true improvement would come from instilling personal values and accountability, rather than merely imposing harsher laws. Richardson expressed her support for parental involvement in sex education and questioned the adequacy of bursaries for tertiary students, highlighting that the financial support provided was insufficient, particularly under the Labour government’s handling of educational finances. She noted the disparity in funding for students pursuing education versus those not engaged in any productive activities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870713_2_123_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870713.2.123.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553089600
6781,15,07,1987,"Vicar Defends Blessing Of Lesbian Lovers (Press, 15 July 1987)","On 15 July 1987, a vicar in Somerset, England, named Rev. David Arnott, faced controversy for conducting a ceremony to bless a married couple who had separated to pursue other relationships. The couple in question, Marika Biddle, a former nun, and her husband, Nikki, were transitioning into new lives: Marika was to begin a lesbian relationship with a woman she previously knew in the convent, while Nikki and their children were set to move in with a widow named Pat Dutton and her three children. The arrangement has become a topic of shock within the village of Weston Zoyland, where the ceremony took place at midnight. Rev. Arnott, who has served as a vicar for 18 years, defended his actions by drawing parallels to a biblical story involving Jacob, who was blessed to traverse the wilderness despite his past deceptions towards his brother Esau. He explained that although the official blessing had already been given, a second blessing was provided for people navigating challenging paths in life. He described his prayers for the couple and their new living arrangements as a form of support for individuals embarking on unique journeys, rather than a formal sanctioning of their relationships. The vicar clarified that the meeting with the couples and their children was not an official ceremony but rather a time of prayer and reflection as he would offer to friends or contacts in his community. He emphasized that his intentions were not focused on the aspects of sex, marital breakdowns, or homosexuality, but rather on helping people who sought to commit their lives to God despite their complicated circumstances. While the event had generated significant local curiosity and concern, the Bishop of Bath and Wells, Rev. John Bickersteth, refrained from commenting on the situation. In essence, Rev. Arnott was advocating for the acceptance of those he believed were seeking spiritual guidance during a time of personal change.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870715_2_188.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870715.2.188,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553262400
6241,16,07,1987,"Hawke’s Bay Reflects Political Upheaval (Press, 16 July 1987)","On 16 July 1987, a political analysis from Brendon Burns in Wellington highlighted the significant upheaval in New Zealand’s political landscape, particularly in the Hawke's Bay electorate. The incumbent Labour MP, Dr Bill Sutton, faced a strong challenge from National Party candidate Michael Laws, who aimed to attract Labour voters by adopting a more left-leaning stance. Laws was notably supported by former Labour candidate Michael Cullen during his campaign efforts. Hawke’s Bay had been profoundly affected by economic changes under the Labour Government, evidenced by the closure of the Whakatu freezing works in October 1986, which eliminated 2,000 jobs and significantly impacted local unemployment rates. Unemployment in the region exceeded 6,000, reflecting broader issues as various factories and businesses, such as the Morrison bicycle factory and Watties, downsized or shut down. Dr Sutton's victory in 1984 had been surprising when he defeated the then-Speaker of the House, Sir Richard Harrison. Since that time, boundary changes had altered the electorate’s demographics, making it more concentrated around urban areas like Napier and Hastings. Sutton's majority had increased nominally from 974 votes in 1984 to about 1,200, but he faced a strong electorate characterised by economic uncertainty. As a former agricultural scientist, Dr Sutton was viewed as a diligent representative, though his quirky image earned him a nickname in Parliament. He acknowledged that unemployment was the central issue but appeared to be struggling to convey a sense of optimism or effectiveness regarding Labour’s policies. The local struggles were apparent when an encounter with two unemployed teenagers illustrated the grim job prospects in the area. Michael Laws, meanwhile, actively campaigned in areas like Flaxmere, which had a significant Māori population and higher rates of unemployment and single-parent families. He openly opposed the free-market economic strategies advocated by the Lange Government and positioned himself as a candidate who understood the concerns of Labour’s traditional supporters. Polling suggested a very close race in Hawke’s Bay, with previous leads changing hands between National and Labour. A notable aspect was the substantial number of undecided voters, which could significantly affect the election outcome. The fate of votes from the New Zealand Party, which had garnered 3,100 in 1984 but had yet to announce a candidate for the current election, was also crucial. Local issues were limited, though parties were promising to address the ongoing sewage problem in Hawke's Bay, which affected public health and safety. Laws proposed a referendum on the death penalty, tapping into local emotions linked to the recent tragic abduction and murder of a local girl, Teresa Cormack. A division on moral reform issues, particularly regarding Dr Sutton’s support for the homosexual law reform bill, might push some conservative voters towards Laws, attracting a segment of the electorate seeking clear and decisive stances on contentious issues. Overall, the campaign was heating up, and with the release of National's policies, Laws was expected to gain traction among voters seeking alternatives amid the prevailing economic dissatisfaction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870716_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870716.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553348800
7214,18,07,1987,"A.I.D.S. Drug Supply Hindered (Press, 18 July 1987)","On 18 July 1987, a report highlighted the challenges faced by A.I.D.S. patients in Australia in accessing AZT, a drug that appears to slow the progression of the disease. Despite its potential benefits, many chronic A.I.D.S. sufferers are unable to receive this treatment due to financial and supply issues within the healthcare system. Dr Alvis Kucers, the medical director of the Fairfield Infectious Diseases Hospital in Melbourne, expressed his willingness to treat more patients with AZT if it were available, noting that many patients are well-informed about the drug's benefits. Currently, the supply of AZT in Australia is insufficient to meet the needs of all patients, particularly those classified as Category B who are infected but have not yet developed full-blown A.I.D.S. A spokesman for the Commonwealth Health Department stated that while AZT has not yet been officially released for market use, the government has agreed to cover half the treatment costs for 200 patients. He noted that this type of funding is typically the responsibility of state health authorities and acknowledged the high cost of the drug, estimated at $10,000 per patient annually. Dr Kucers pointed out that even if funding were available, sourcing the drug remains a significant hurdle. The American company responsible for manufacturing AZT is struggling to meet global demand, which has surged following the drug's introduction. The rapid development and availability of AZT were unprecedented, with a typical timeline for getting drugs to market being around five years. However, due to the urgency created by the A.I.D.S. epidemic and public pressure, there is a strong emphasis on quickly expanding the availability of AZT. Dr Kucers called for more stock to be made available to meet the needs of those affected by the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870718_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870718.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553521600
6242,18,07,1987,"Explicit Videos (Press, 18 July 1987)","In a letter dated 27 June 1987, Bert Walker expressed his disapproval of the Labour Government’s Homosexual Law Reform Bill, highlighting that 835,000 citizens had petitioned Parliament against it. Walker stated that despite this considerable opposition, the legislation was passed, which he claimed allowed the Chief Film Censor to approve explicit videos featuring homosexual acts. He raised concerns that these videos, marked with a censor’s certificate, were being distributed legally and pointed to the apparent lack of accountability for their content. Walker referenced a quote from a 1963 article in the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, which outlined a strategy for undermining a nation through the promotion of drugs, alcohol, and sexually explicit literature, implying that this was akin to the actions of the Labour Government. He accused the Government of yielding to influences he associated with Moscow. In response, the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr Tapsell, clarified that the Homosexual Law Reform Bill was a private member’s initiative, not a Labour Government measure, and that it received support across both governmental and opposition benches during the conscience vote. He also pointed out that guidelines for the Chief Film Censor were established under the Films Act of 1983, which had been passed by the preceding National Government—a government in which Walker had served in the Cabinet. Tapsell noted that the censor’s role was not to impose personal standards but to reflect the changing public attitudes towards such content over time. He acknowledged concerns regarding shifts in public standards since World War II but emphasised that the new Video Recordings Act would introduce an oversight authority that would address video content rated R18 and above, suggesting it might adopt a different stance compared to the Chief Film Censor due to the lack of controls in private viewing compared to public cinema screenings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870718_2_118_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870718.2.118.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553521600
7518,21,07,1987,"Black Magic And A.i.d.s. (Press, 21 July 1987)","In a thought-provoking article published in the medical journal ""Lancet,"" Dr. F. Noireau, a doctor based in Brazzaville, Congo, proposes that traditional magic rites may have played a significant role in the spread of the A.I.D.S. virus, specifically HIV. This revelation follows the widely accepted belief that HIV originated from African monkeys and transitioned to humans, subsequently spreading in rural regions before exploding into a global pandemic affecting an estimated 10 million people. Dr. Noireau draws attention to practices among the peoples in the Great Lakes area of central Africa, where monkey blood was reportedly used as an aphrodisiac during sexual rituals. This concept is backed by A. Kashamura’s seminal work, ""Essaie Sur Les Moeurs Sexuelles Et Les Cultures Des Peuples Des Grandes Lacs Africain,"" in which it is documented that monkey blood was inoculated directly into the pubic area, thighs, and back to provoke intense sexual activity. He argues that this method of inoculation could serve as a highly effective means of virus transmission, similar to the way drug addicts can contract HIV through shared needles. While sex remains the primary mode of transmission of the virus, Dr. Noireau suggests that the practice of inoculating monkey blood likely prompted sexual encounters, fostering conditions ripe for the virus to infect humans. In contrast to other theories suggesting that the virus spread through bites or the consumption of monkey meat, Dr. Noireau concludes that the ritualistic use of monkey blood may be the more plausible origin of HIV's transmission to humans, asserting that these ancient magic practices could have significantly contributed to the emergence of A.I.D.S. in humans.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870721_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870721.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553780800
6243,21,07,1987,"Mr Wallbank Holds Strong Gisborne Hand (Press, 21 July 1987)","On 21 July 1987, political reporter Brendon Burns highlighted the competitive dynamics of the Gisborne electorate, represented by Labour’s Allan Wallbank, who is considered a conservative MP. Wallbank, a farmer, has campaigned successfully in previous elections, diminishing the National Party's majority and winning by a significant margin in the last election. Facing him in this election is Georgina Tattersfield, a former Labour member and agricultural economist, who brings a strong background to her candidacy. Tattersfield aims to unseat Wallbank, especially as unemployment in the electorate, which is the highest in New Zealand at 12 per cent, continues to be a pressing issue. The Gisborne electorate, which stretches from Tolaga Bay to Mahia Peninsula, has been severely impacted by the downturn in the rural economy. This has led to many residents leaving in search of work. The seat has historically reflected national voting trends — it swayed towards Labour in 1972 but returned to National until Wallbank's election in 1984. The economic distress intensified when Watties announced job cuts at its tomato processing operation, contributing to a growing concern among the electorate, with some residents referring to the town as a ""ghost town."" Burns noted a change in sentiment by late April 1987, as positive signs of economic improvement began to emerge, prompting a shift in public perception towards the government. A recent poll indicated Wallbank had a 12 per cent lead over Tattersfield with a significant portion of voters still undecided. While Tattersfield described her campaign as gaining momentum and expressed confidence about her standing, local sentiments reflect a mixed view towards a change in representation. Many residents applauded Wallbank's efforts as a local MP, particularly his work in housing support for poorer families, especially Māori. Though Tattersfield has garnered some support, particularly from young and female constituents, there is a risk that her assertive campaigning style has alienated potential voters. A government announcement in early July regarding a $19 million investment in Gisborne's water supply system may also have bolstered Wallbank's support. Generally, despite the urgency of unemployment concerns, Gisborne residents appear hesitant to shift their allegiance away from Wallbank, recognising his personal efforts and dedication. In summary, unless an unexpected surge of support for National occurs, Wallbank is likely to retain the Gisborne seat with a majority exceeding one thousand votes as the general election approaches.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870721_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870721.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553780800
6244,22,07,1987,"Auckland Homosexuals In Study On A.I.D.S. (Press, 22 July 1987)","A significant study focusing on homosexual men is set to commence in Auckland next week, aiming to provide critical insights in the battle against A.I.D.S. Over 200 men who engage in sexual relations with other men have been invited to participate, marking what is believed to be the first study of its kind globally. The research will be led by Simon Rosser, a New Zealand native currently serving as a scientific officer with the South Australian A.I.D.S. Programme. This initiative is a collaborative effort between the programme and the New Zealand A.I.D.S. Foundation. Mr. Rosser will spend three months in Auckland to gather all necessary information before returning to Australia for analysis. He indicated that the data collected would be vital in assessing the impact of counselling on sexual behaviour among participants. He stressed the importance of behavioural research in addressing the A.I.D.S. epidemic, stating, ""Behavioural research does hold the key to halting this epidemic."" Participants in the study will be asked to provide detailed information regarding their sexual partners, practices, and histories, as well as their attitudes toward these factors. Mr. Rosser emphasised that with no current cure, effective treatment, or vaccine for A.I.D.S., the focus must shift to helping individuals alter behaviours that contribute to the transmission of the virus. This study represents an essential step in understanding and potentially mitigating the spread of A.I.D.S. within the homosexual community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870722_2_157.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870722.2.157,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553867200
7375,22,07,1987,"Priest Seeks The Good In Needy Youth (Press, 22 July 1987)","Rev. Felix Donnelly, a prominent figure in Auckland, has dedicated the last 16 years of his life to supporting homeless youth through his role as director of Youthlink, an organisation operating five homes for vulnerable children. Dressed in a blue business suit and possessing a gentle demeanour, Donnelly’s passion for aiding street kids is profound. He has recently authored a book detailing the work of Youthlink, highlighting his commitment to improving the lives of young individuals who are often prey to drugs and crime. Having started his advocacy in 1971, Donnelly has seen a worrying trend in the average age of youth seeking help decline from 19 to just 14. He attributes this shift to several societal factors, including family breakdowns, inadequate support for solo parents, weakened community ties, and youth being granted inappropriate freedoms too early. In his view, addressing these issues necessitates accountability from families, examining why minors find themselves living on the streets. Donnelly shares harrowing examples of youth exploitation, including a case where a 14-year-old boy became involved with a gang, leading to criminal behaviour to sustain his drug use. He emphasises that society often overlooks such troubling realities, and that it must confront the deeper issues contributing to youth homelessness. Youthlink employs around 40 people and relies on over $1 million annually from the Social Welfare Department and private donations to function. Donnelly notes that the organisation is overwhelmed with referrals, frequently turning away youth in need. He believes that many of these children have experienced significant trauma, including abuse, and indicates that recent years have seen an increase in young people grappling with drug and alcohol issues. Donnelly’s work extends to addressing educational failures among youth, particularly among those who feel socially excluded. He observes that many young people are educationally illiterate, lacking basic skills in reading and writing, which exacerbates their feelings of failure and insecurity. Yet, he also sees a desire for guidance among them, indicating a yearning for structure and support. Furthermore, Donnelly discusses the impact of racial tensions, particularly among Māori youth who may feel unjustly treated and view the education system as a failure. He insists that he sees not just street kids or addicts, but individuals deserving compassion and support. Priding himself on knowing each child in Youthlink’s homes, he views his role as more than mere management; it is about forging genuine connections and aiding them in overcoming their struggles and potential systemic barriers. Overall, Donnelly’s unwavering belief in the goodness of humanity drives his efforts to transform the lives of vulnerable youth, urging a compassionate societal response to prevent youth from slipping through the cracks.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870722_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870722.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,553867200
6245,25,07,1987,"Abortion Review Opposed On Both Sides (Press, 25 July 1987)","On 25 July 1987, a political discourse emerged within New Zealand's Parliament concerning proposed changes to abortion laws, drawing differing opinions from both National and Labour party members. The Labour Party's women's policy suggested a review of existing abortion laws should they be re-elected. This review was intended to address issues highlighted by the Abortion Supervisory Committee, advocating that all doctors be recognised as certifying consultants for abortion reviews. The current situation forces women in rural areas, like the West Coast, to travel to urban centres for abortions due to a shortage of willing certifying consultants. Mr Graeme Lee, the National Party spokesman on family affairs, opposed the review, arguing it could ultimately lead to ""abortion on demand."" He accused the Government and the Abortion Supervisory Committee of conspiring to facilitate this change. Conversely, Labour MP Allan Wallbank from Gisborne declared his intention to vote against any expansion of certifying consultants, articulating a strong personal stance against abortion. He indicated that any legislation compromising his views on abortion would be met with opposition, regardless of its source. Mr John Terris, representing Western Hutt for Labour, expressed a more tentative position, noting he would need to review any presented legislation before casting his vote, while also highlighting his history of opposing abortion-related measures. He reaffirmed that Labour's proposal for a review included a conscience vote, a critical aspect of the party's policy on the matter. Additionally, an unnamed Labour MP indicated that efforts to legislate further on abortion would need to be pursued as private member's bills, as this issue transcended party lines and was heavily grounded in individual conscience. Furthermore, Labour's women’s policy also addressed the reconsideration of anti-discrimination provisions that had been excluded from the Homosexual Law Reform Bill. It mentioned that a review of the Human Rights Commission Act aimed to eliminate discrimination based on various grounds, including sexual orientation. This discourse highlights the complexity and contentious nature of abortion legislation and associated rights in New Zealand's political landscape during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870725_2_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870725.2.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,554126400
6246,25,07,1987,"Writer ‘slaughtered’ (Press, 25 July 1987)","On 25 July 1987, the Old Bailey in London was the scene of a harrowing court case involving a New Zealander named Robert Budge, who admitted to the manslaughter of British crime writer Edward Silver, aged 36. Prosecutor Nigel Sweeney presented evidence that Silver was brutally stabbed 14 times by Budge, who was 29 at the time and worked as a civil engineer. The incident took a chilling turn when it was revealed that Silver had activated his tape recorder to document the final moments of his life, during which he screamed for help as Budge attacked him. Disturbingly, Budge was heard shouting, ""I'm evil"" while he persisted with the assault. Budge's mental health was brought into question during the trial, with assessments identifying him as suffering from schizophrenia. This condition was a significant factor in the court's proceedings, ultimately leading the judge to order that Budge be detained indefinitely at Broadmoor Hospital, a high-security psychiatric facility. The ruling was based on evidence of diminished responsibility, which acknowledged Budge's unstable mental state at the time of the crime. Through the proceedings, the complexities surrounding the case highlighted issues relating to mental health and public safety.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870725_2_36_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870725.2.36.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,554126400
7190,29,07,1987,"Guide To Avoiding A.I.D.S. Released (Press, 29 July 1987)","On 29 July 1987, the Health Department in Wellington announced that it is revising its guidelines for individuals who work with blood or are likely to be exposed to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The acting manager of health protection, Mr John Stephenson, indicated that the updated guidelines would be released soon. He mentioned the necessity of modifying procedures as new insights and experiences, especially from overseas, continue to emerge regarding AIDS. These guidelines are particularly aimed at professionals who handle blood and blood products, such as doctors, nurses, acupuncturists, and tattooists, to ensure their safety and help prevent the transmission of AIDS. Tattooist Mr Roger Ingerton, who has been in the profession for 18 years, highlighted the existing health department recommendations, which advise tattooists to clean any cuts and instruments using 70 per cent alcohol. Additionally, it is suggested that tattoo dyes should be sourced from collapsible tubes to prevent contamination. However, Mr Ingerton added that he has more advanced sterilisation methods at his disposal. He utilizes an ultrasound machine and an autoclave — a sterilisation device that uses steam under high pressure — to maintain cleanliness. He clarified that he has not altered his sterilisation methods in light of HIV, stating that his primary concern has always been Hepatitis B due to its high infectiousness. Mr Ingerton identified as one of potentially only ten professional tattooists in New Zealand. He noted the difference in practices among individuals who perform self-tattooing, expressing concern about their use of rusty needles and nails. Despite these practices, he remarked that infections are surprisingly rare, citing only one reported case of hepatitis B linked to tattooing. Mr Bill Logan, a spokesman for the AIDS Support Network, confirmed that there are no known cases of AIDS transmission associated with tattooing. He explained that while transmission could theoretically occur if blood from an infected person is left on a tattoo needle and subsequently used on someone else, the likelihood is extremely low due to the minuscule amount of viral particles that would be present. Mr Logan reassured that simple sterilisation methods, such as heating the needle or soaking it in chlorine or Janola, would render the equipment safe. Overall, the Health Department is taking proactive steps to ensure the safety of those in the medical and tattooing professions in the face of the evolving understanding of HIV and AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870729_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870729.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,554472000
7519,29,07,1987,"Provision Of Needles Need Not Be Confusing (Press, 29 July 1987)","Mr Warren Lindberg, the director of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, addressed the effectiveness of providing needles and syringes as a means to prevent the spread of A.I.D.S. during a discussion on 29 July 1987. He emphasised the importance of careful selection of international examples when discussing outcomes, specifically noting that comparisons with most European countries may not be suitable for New Zealand due to significant social differences. Instead, he highlighted Britain, the United States, and Australia as more relevant models. Lindberg pointed out that regions in these countries where needles and syringes were readily available experienced a slower rate of H.I.V. infection compared to areas without such provisions. He cited the example of Scotland, where a rigorous campaign against needle distribution in Edinburgh resulted in a dramatic increase in H.I.V. antibody positivity among drug users, rising from 6 per cent in 1980 to 76 per cent by 1985. While acknowledging the impact of needle access, Lindberg also stressed that it should be part of a broader strategy to combat the spread of H.I.V. in New Zealand. He indicated that, despite the relatively low number of drug addicts with A.I.D.S. in the country, this should not deter the implementation of a needle and syringe programme. Lindberg urged that it was essential to take proactive measures rather than waiting for potentially devastating outcomes similar to those witnessed in Edinburgh. The proposed exchange system aims to promote the proper disposal of used needles while reducing the risk of A.I.D.S. transmission through shared needles. Lindberg reinforced that such a programme would not only prevent disease spread but also facilitate increased interaction between drug users and healthcare professionals, allowing for educational opportunities and counselling. He characterised this initiative as an educational rather than punitive approach, seeking to foster positive behavioural changes among drug users.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870729_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870729.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,554472000
6247,30,07,1987,"National Policies (Press, 30 July 1987)","In a letter to the editor published on 30 July 1987, Grant Mangin critiques Mr. Bolger's speech at the National Party family rally, where Bolger asserted that a National Government would restore honesty and trust in government. Mangin argues that such a claim underestimates the intelligence and memory of New Zealand voters, referencing the inclusion of Bill Birch and Sir Robert Muldoon in a potential National Cabinet. Birch, who served as the Minister of Energy in 1981, had famously promoted the “think-big” projects aimed at creating 410,000 jobs but instead yielded only about 4,000 jobs. Mangin labels Birch and Muldoon, who during his tenure had a ""secret agenda"" involving wage and price freezes not disclosed in the 1981 manifesto, as having a trust rating of zero. Furthermore, Mangin challenges Bolger's ability to unify the country, highlighting his proposal to hold a referendum on the death penalty. He points out that the existing divisions resulting from the Homosexual Law Reform Bill would likely exacerbate societal rifts, suggesting that such a referendum could further fracture the community. Mangin concludes by giving Bolger a “uniting society” rating of zero, reinforcing his view that Bolger's plans may not lead to the promised cohesion and integrity within the government.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870730_2_56_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870730.2.56.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,554558400
6249,04,08,1987,"Free Buses For Gay Partners (Press, 4 August 1987)","On 4 August 1987, a Wellington City Council committee made a significant decision by allowing free bus passes to the homosexual and lesbian partners of Tramways Union members, thus setting a national precedent. The initiative was brought forward by the union's secretary, Mr Henry Stubbs, who argued that the passes should be made available on the same terms as they are for heterosexual partners. The proposal garnered unanimous support from all committee members, reflecting the council's commitment to a policy of nondiscrimination and equal opportunity. Despite the Deputy City Secretary, Mr Roy Hanrahan, advising the committee to carefully consider the implications of establishing a national precedent, the members voted in favour of the change. This decision marked a notable step towards inclusivity within the city's transport policy, aligning with broader movements for equal rights during that time in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870804_2_24_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870804.2.24.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,554990400
6248,04,08,1987,"Invercargill Support For Mr Bolger Solid (Press, 4 August 1987)","On 4 August 1987, Opposition Leader Mr Bolger received a warm welcome during a public meeting in Invercargill, with over 900 attendees filling the hall. This positive reception contrasted sharply with the hostility he encountered at previous events in Dunedin that day, where he faced heckling and criticism. Mr Bolger used the platform to launch strong criticisms against Prime Minister Mr Lange, highlighting credibility as a pivotal issue for the upcoming election. He expressed confidence that Lange's tenure would end, stating, ""The good news is that this will be the last time he will be there to justify his failures."" Mr Bolger also insulted Finance Minister Mr Douglas, dubbing him ""Roger the dodger"" for his optimistic claims about the government's progress. Despite the earlier negativity in Dunedin, he described his meetings there as stimulating with genuine New Zealanders expressing their opinions. His speech included pointed comments about the government’s impact on Southland and the South Island as a whole, punctuated by humour at Lange's expense—using the anecdote of a bursting balloon as a metaphor for the Prime Minister. During the orderly meeting, Mr Bolger reaffirmed National's commitment to remaining in the A.N.Z.U.S. alliance and reiterated his party’s pledge to eliminate GST on groceries, rates, and medical fees. The atmosphere was calmer than in previous events, highlighted by a unique entrance with bagpipe players and a structured approach to audience engagement through submitted written questions. The questions dealt with various concerns including electricity price hikes, interest rates, livestock taxation, and the death penalty. Bolger addressed queries about the potential for a referendum on reinstating the death penalty, emphasising that such matters would be subject to a conscience vote in Parliament. He revealed he had voted against the Homosexual Law Reform Bill when it was passed. Overall, the meeting illustrated Bolger's ability to galvanise support in Invercargill while demonstrating a willingness to engage with contentious social issues, setting a tone for the political conversation leading into the election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870804_2_24_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870804.2.24.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,554990400
7215,05,08,1987,"A.I.D.S. Drug Underground Helps Spread Treatment... (Press, 5 August 1987)","In a significant development for A.I.D.S. patients in the United States, many are turning to underground resources for information and experimental drug treatments, as mainstream medical options remain limited. Eight years into the epidemic, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has only approved AZT (zidovudine) as a treatment for A.I.D.S., which is expensive and does not provide a cure. This lack of options has led patients to seek alternative therapies through underground drug hotlines, newsletters, and ""guerrilla clinics."" Over 5000 A.I.D.S. and A.I.D.S.-Related Complex patients are now receiving free treatment with DNCB (dinitrochlorobenzene), an immune booster available at approximately 90 guerrilla clinics across 45 cities. In New York, the People With A.I.D.S. Coalition distributes AL-721, a treatment that can be created at home using ingredients like egg yolk or soy lecithin. Many patients, including those in advanced stages of the disease, report significant benefits from using AL-721. One of the major players in this underground network is San Francisco’s Project Inform, which initially focused on obtaining two drugs, Ribavirin and Isoprinosene, from Mexico. The organisation has since expanded its role, now providing information on over half a dozen experimental treatments and handling about 3000 inquiries monthly. Their hot-line connects patients with various clinics across the country. With A.I.D.S. claiming 22,000 lives in the U.S. and leaving 16,000 individuals ill, there is a growing demand for alternative treatments and participation in medical studies on new drugs. The underground network is also lauded by some activists for helping to warn patients against dangerous or fraudulent cures. Despite their unofficial status, guerrilla clinics have not faced prosecution as they operate on the premise of not committing fraud. As more doctors witness the death of their patients, there is an increasing tendency for them to cooperate with individuals seeking alternative treatments. Bill Wood from Project Inform noted that these medical professionals are beginning to consider safe alternatives for their patients. John James, another prominent figure in the organisation, publishes a biweekly newsletter detailing new and potential A.I.D.S. treatments. He aims to provide information including the recipes for homemade treatments like AL-721 and updates on experimental therapies. Although he acknowledges that he should not be in this position and that the government should have taken action sooner, he works to address the urgent need for information. Overall, many A.I.D.S. patients resonate with the sentiment that they need to take matters into their own hands due to the slow pace of traditional drug testing, as their survival depends on immediate access to alternatives. The FDA has begun to ease its regulations, allowing greater access to experimental drugs, although critics express concerns about potential exploitation by unscrupulous individuals. Nonetheless, advocates maintain that the FDA's standards remain robust.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870805_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870805.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555076800
6250,05,08,1987,"City Of Timaru Key To Winning Electorate (Press, 5 August 1987)","In the Timaru electorate, which includes Timaru city and surrounding areas like Fairlie and Pleasant Point, the political landscape has evolved significantly since the 1985 by-election. Following the death of Labour MP Sir Basil Arthur, Maurice McTigue of the National Party won the seat, marking the first time Labour lost in Timaru since 1928. This shift towards National was interpreted by many as a move towards conservatism, evidenced by Labour voters either abstaining from voting or opting for other parties. Polls indicated a growing discontent among former Labour supporters regarding the government's handling of economic issues, particularly the rising unemployment in South Canterbury, which reached a record high of 1,822 in June 1987, amounting to one in twelve workers. Amidst the economic downturn, several key employers scaled back operations, and the Stafford Mall—which opened just 18 months prior—was up for auction. Despite these challenges, McTigue’s popularity seemed to have endured. A poll conducted by the 'Timaru Herald' showed his personal support at 60%, compared to his Labour opponent, Gary Clarke, who garnered 15%. However, Labour still held a slight edge in party support, with 41% favouring Labour against 36.3% for National. McTigue attributed his continued popularity to his engagement with the community and efforts to address local employment concerns, such as initiatives to support businesses and attract new industries. He emphasised the necessity of improving the rural economy and identified potential new ventures, including refitting fishing boats and promoting Timaru as a retirement destination. Meanwhile, Clarke, a lawyer with community ties in Timaru since 1981, argued for a stronger education system as a remedy to unemployment, which he viewed as essential for job creation. He aimed to reduce the skills mismatch in the labour market and projected optimism about improving economic conditions under Labour's governance. Other candidates in the election included Lynley Simmons from the Democrats, who had minimal support and was temporarily out of the electorate, and McGregor Simpson from the New Zealand Party, facing redundancy due to workforce cuts at Watties. Lastly, Stan Lusby from the Consensus party promoted a collaborative political approach. Overall, while McTigue appeared confident about retaining his seat amid rising economic challenges and shifting voter sentiments, Clarke's presence as a strong candidate suggested potential shifts in Labour's favour, particularly with a needed 4% swing to take the seat back from National. This election underscored ongoing tensions in New Zealand's political landscape during a period of economic uncertainty.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870805_2_70_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870805.2.70.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555076800
7183,06,08,1987,"‘Foreskin’s Lament’ (Press, 6 August 1987)","The play ""Foreskin’s Lament,"" written by Greg McGee and directed by Ian Mune, is being presented by Colour and Movement and Michael Edgley International at the Theatre Royal from 6 to 9 August 1987, with performances starting at 8 p.m. and running for approximately 2 hours and 15 minutes. Mike O’Brien's review questions the play's continued relevance and ability to attract audiences in an era where the national focus has shifted, particularly following significant events in rugby, including the clean-cut portrayal of Captain Kirk and his team defeating the Australians. Despite enjoying a more exciting spectacle than the previous brute force style associated with rugby, O’Brien argues that the sport hasn’t completely shed its more unsavoury elements. The play goes beyond rugby, tackling broader societal issues within New Zealand, including emotional failings, sexual norms, racism, and violence. O’Brien acknowledges ""Foreskin’s Lament"" as a savage and brutal critique of these themes, although he expresses doubt about the audience’s ability to grasp the intended message. He observes that the portrayal of male characters often reverts to juvenile, piggish behaviour, with lines delivered suggesting that any deviation from traditional masculinity brings ridicule. Women characters are reduced to derogatory terms, further reflecting an underlying criticism of societal attitudes while paradoxically eliciting laughter from the audience. Roy Billing’s performance as Tupper stands out, serving as a blend of likability and pathetic ambition, pushing other characters towards a more ruthless approach. Peter Tait and Eddie Campbell deliver compelling portrayals that enhance the narrative's darker aspects. Robert Pollock’s character, Foreskin, presents a more sensitive, educated perspective, though some of his philosophical musings towards the end may undermine his credibility. While the play has been marketed as a brilliant comedy, O’Brien contends it is neither wholly comedic nor entirely brilliant; instead, it is a serious work discussing themes of relevance. He concludes that ""Foreskin’s Lament"" is accessible drama with the potential for mass appeal, even as it grapples with significant social critiques.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870806_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870806.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555163200
6251,06,08,1987,"New Complexion On Nelson Voting (Press, 6 August 1987)","The upcoming election in the Nelson electorate is marked by significant changes, notably the absence of Mel Courtney, a pivotal figure in local politics for over a decade. Courtney, who initially entered Parliament in a 1976 by-election as a Labour Party candidate, had a complex political journey that included a split from Labour to run as an independent. His tenure saw him almost win the seat as an independent in 1981, a close contest that resulted in a loss by just 698 votes. In 1984, he was defeated by Labour's Philip Woollaston, who won decisively. Now, with Courtney not running, almost 9000 votes are up for grabs, leading to speculation about how this will impact the election dynamics. Woollaston, now a Cabinet Undersecretary, is likely to see increased support, having garnered a substantial majority in the last election, even amid some discontent among traditional Labour voters. Woollaston claims to have maintained a positive record and expects to communicate effectively with voters during the campaign. He has faced criticism for media depictions of Nelson and insists that employment is on the rise despite claims to the contrary. The National Party's Bob Straight is vying for the seat for a second time, expressing confidence that former supporters of Courtney will rally to him. Straight, a retired Army lieutenant-colonel, holds conservative views, opposing issues like abortion and supporting a return to historical alliances. He anticipates gaining traction from disgruntled superannuitants unhappy with the current Government's surtax. Nick Barber, a first-term city councillor and former supporter of Courtney, is also running as an independent, advocating for moral issues and economic justice. His campaign is characterised by a focus on dissatisfaction with the major parties. Similarly, Mike Ward from the Values Party aims to capitalise on environmental issues, though he realistically seeks to increase his vote rather than win the seat outright. Other candidates in the contest include Jack Collin from the Democratic Party, who is preparing to launch his campaign closer to election day, and Mike Hackman, who decided to run as an independent due to dissatisfaction with existing options. The 1987 election for Nelson is shaping up to be notable for its diverse slate of candidates and the potential for significant shifts in voter sentiment, especially with the political landscape altered by Courtney's exit from the race.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870806_2_130_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870806.2.130.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555163200
6252,07,08,1987,"Parties Keen To Win Marginal Tasman (Press, 7 August 1987)","The Tasman electorate is gearing up for a competitive election as both Labour and National consolidate their campaigns ahead of the polling day on 15 August 1987. Historically a Labour stronghold for nearly 50 years, the area is currently represented by Labour's Ken Shirley, who holds a narrow majority of 1,854 votes. Recognising the seat's marginal status, both main parties are deploying prominent figures to rally support for their candidates. Labour has brought in heavyweights including Prime Minister David Lange and Finance Minister Roger Douglas to assist Shirley. During his campaign, Shirley has focused on reconnecting with disillusioned Labour supporters, particularly in traditional strongholds like Richmond and Motueka. He believes economic policies implemented by the government, despite causing short-term pain, are necessary for long-term benefits and claims that many rural voters are now leaning towards Labour. On the other hand, National's candidate Gerald Hunt is making his third attempt to capture the seat. Hunt has received support from various National Party leaders, including Deputy Leader George Gair and Education Spokeswoman Ruth Richardson, both of whom have campaigned in the region. With 30% of voters identified as undecided, Hunt is optimistic and believes Labour's economic policies have alienated enough voters to tilt the seat in his favour. Other candidates in the race include Rudolf Muller of the Democratic Party, who expresses concerns about the government's economic policies but approaches the election with a low-key attitude. Philip Lister of the Values Party and two Independents, Hugh Monahan and Ken Waldron, round out the candidate field. Monahan, a veteran farmer and contractor, shares a disdain for mainstream party confrontations and brings unique characteristics to the campaign. While Labour remains the incumbent, Hunt's confidence is bolstered by former supporters of the now-defunct New Zealand Party, which previously garnered significant votes in Tasman. The electorate's diverse economic base—spanning fishing, forestry, horticulture, and tourism—makes economic policy a central concern for voters as well as social issues including homosexual law reform. Shirley's efforts to retain his seat and Hunt's determination to break Labour's hold will culminate in what analysts predict to be a closely watched contest as Labour attempts to reassure its traditional base while National seeks to capitalise on potential voter discontent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870807_2_121_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870807.2.121.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555249600
6255,08,08,1987,"Bitter Teen-age Laughter (Press, 8 August 1987)","Rex Harley's ""Last Laugh,"" published in 1987, is a provocative collection of five short stories that delve into the complexities of adolescence. A teacher by profession, Harley draws from his experiences in a comprehensive school in England, using his background as an antique art collector to enrich the narratives. The stories address heavy subjects such as vandalism, teenage suicide, dysfunctional family dynamics, and emerging sexual identities, echoing themes that are reminiscent of teen dramas like ""Grange Hill."" One of the standout stories, “Maybe Tomorrow,” features Julie Ashcroft, a teenager grappling with her mother's suicidal tendencies and her father's lack of support. The narrative delicately hints at themes of potential incest while ultimately concluding on a note of hope. This balance between serious issues and an optimistic ending reflects Harley's intention to resonate with young readers facing real-life challenges. In contrast, another story includes a voyeuristic church verger whose obsessive attempts to eliminate perceived moral decay inadvertently lead to tragedy. This character's fate intertwines with a haunting figure from a painting, underscoring the macabre consequences of his actions. Harley crafts a narrative in which victims, despite being dealt a harsh hand by circumstances, ultimately find a way to prevail, underlining the collection's title ""Last Laugh."" The stories are described as both humorous and dark, with moments of high emotional impact that resonate deeply with the adolescent experience. Although the language may pose challenges for younger readers, the imaginative scenarios are likely to appeal to a broader spectrum of teenagers confronting an often harsh and unjust world. Diane Prout highlights the collection's focus on the perspective of youth, aligning Harley firmly with the experiences and struggles of his characters, ensuring that their voices are heard in a world that can sometimes seem indifferent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870808_2_110_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870808.2.110.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555336000
6253,08,08,1987,"Busy Day For Mr Bolger (Press, 8 August 1987)","On 8 August 1987, Oliver Riddell reported from Wellington on the activities of National Party leader Mr. Bolger during a visit to the Labour-held electorate of Wanganui. National aims to capture the seat from Labour’s Minister of Education, Mr. Marshall, who had previously threatened to resign after the closing of the East Town Railway workshops but ultimately decided to stay on. Mr. Marshall's political troubles stem from his association with homosexual law reform and progressive social stances, which have made him vulnerable. During his visit, Mr. Bolger supported National candidate Alan Anderson, who, along with the Democrates’ Terry Heffernan, is actively campaigning against Mr. Marshall. However, their efforts are complicating each other's candidacies and enabling Mr. Marshall to maintain a substantial lead. Mr. Bolger’s day included three notable incidents. Firstly, he had lunch at McDonald’s, marking his first visit there, which he attributed to the difficulty and expense of taking his large family out for takeaways, as noted by Mrs Bolger. Secondly, he shared a public platform with Wayne “Buck” Shelford, the All Black and captain of the Maori rugby team. Bolger expressed his love for rugby and commented on sporting relationships with South Africa, stating it should be a decision made by individual sporting codes while indicating he did not support such tours. The third incident involved a planned ride on a paddlesteamer along the Wanganui River, which was thwarted by mechanical issues as the twin motors failed to start, disappointing the event organisers. Later in the day, Mr. Bolger addressed around 400 people at an open-air meeting. His speech diverged significantly from a previous discussion with Auckland business leaders. He committed to reducing the prices of food, doctor’s fees, and local body rates by eliminating GST from these essential services. Additionally, he asserted that the Labour government intended to raise GST from 10 to 15 per cent to cover its increasing deficit, while also introducing a capital gains tax. Furthermore, Mr. Bolger tackled the nuclear issue, promising that a National Government would reinstate New Zealand as an active member of the ANZUS defence alliance, reinforcing his party's stance on national security and international relations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870808_2_25_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870808.2.25.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555336000
6782,08,08,1987,"Place Names Enrich Vocabulary (Press, 8 August 1987)","In a feature highlighted by National Geographic News Service on 8 August 1987, writer Joy Aschenbach explores how geographic names have evolved into common terms in everyday language. The piece begins with the inspiration behind this study, which stems from State Department geographer George Demko's curiosity ignited by his daughter's inquiry about the term ""donnybrook."" This term originally referred to a notorious fair in Donnybrook, Ireland, known for its brawls. Although the fair was banned in 1855, the term has since been used to describe rowdy public confrontations, particularly in legislative settings. The article further discusses the playful nature of limericks, a poetic form associated with Limerick, a city in Ireland, showcasing both the geographical influence on language and cultural tradition. The legacy of ancient Greece is also examined, detailing how terms like ""lesbian,"" ""spartan,"" and ""marathon"" originated from specific historical and cultural contexts. For instance, ""lesbian"" traces back to the island of Lesbos, home to the poet Sappho, renowned for her affectionate relationships with women. ""Spartan"" reflects the austere nature of the city-state of Sparta, while ""marathon"" commemorates the long-distance run from Marathon to Athens that celebrated a significant military victory in 490 B.C. Further examples include the word ""meander,"" derived from the winding Maeander River in ancient Phrygia (modern Turkey), and ""serendipity,"" which originates from a fairy tale about fortunate discoveries. The term ""bikini"" is linked to Bikini Atoll, site of atomic bomb tests in 1946, with the two receiving their names from the purported explosive impact of wearing a bikini akin to an atomic explosion. The piece also touches on the term ""Podunk,"" which represents small, insignificant towns in the U.S. and is linked back to a village in Massachusetts. ""Waterloo"" is used to indicate a decisive defeat, referencing Napoleon's last battle in 1815 near a Belgian town of the same name. Additionally, the article discusses how certain terms like ""limousine"" evolved from the hooded cloak of Limousin, France, and the term ""shanghaied,"" which refers to sailors being drugged and abducted to serve on ships, originates from a Chinese seaport. Finally, Aschenbach notes that many products have geographical origins, such as ""cologne"" from the German city, ""champagne"" from a region in France, and ""madras"" from a city in India, illustrating how language and geography are intricately connected in shaping our understanding of the world. This exploration provides a captivating insight into the evolution of language and its ties to the origins of place names.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870808_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870808.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555336000
7136,08,08,1987,"Sex Is Merely Academic (Press, 8 August 1987)","""Felicity,"" a novel by Coral Lansbury, published in 1987, delves into the peculiar dynamics of academic life, exploring themes of intellect and sexuality within the setting of Pequod College. The story highlights the struggles of academics, who are portrayed as both confident and deeply insecure about their intellectual abilities. At the same time, their sexual desires contribute to an even greater level of uncertainty, resulting in an environment rife with various sexual identities and interactions. Lansbury, an Australian author with degrees from Auckland and currently serving as a Professor of English at Rutgers University in the United States, crafts a narrative filled with characters that range from rapists to nymphomaniacs, illustrating a diverse array of sexualised behaviours. The novel depicts a chaotic existence where proud virgins clash with desperate ones, and lecturers find themselves in precarious situations with students. There is a recurring theme of researchers whose quests for knowledge often lead them into erotic territories, further complicating their academic roles. The writing style reflects influences from other satirical authors like Tom Sharpe and Kingsley Amis, although the reviewer Ken Strongman notes that Lansbury's work does not reach the comedic heights of Sharpe or the literary finesse of Amis. Despite this, ""Felicity"" is described as a worthwhile read that effectively conveys a clear message: when academics engage with sexuality, the outcomes tend to be characterised by awkwardness, kinkiness, or a complete lack of fulfillment. This exploration results in an amusing phenomenon for readers observing the drama unfold. Ultimately, the novel captures a vivid portrayal of the academic world through a lens of humour and critique, making it a notable addition to literature that examines life in the academy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870808_2_110_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870808.2.110.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555336000
6254,08,08,1987,"Young Offenders (Press, 8 August 1987)","In a letter to the editor published on 8 August 1987, Dugald McDonald and 17 other staff and students from the Department of Social Work at the University of Canterbury expressed their disagreement with comments made by Mr D. Seller, a retired official from the Department of Social Welfare. Seller had suggested that children under the age of 14 should be processed through the criminal court system. The authors of the letter referred to the experiences of the late John A. Lee, who, as a child, faced severe consequences for rejecting unwanted advances from a court social worker. Lee was subsequently labelled a ""young thug"" and sentenced to an indefinite stay at Burnham Reformatory. The letter's signatories argued that if compassion in authority is viewed negatively, then they would identify with the so-called ""bleeding heart brigade,"" which they believe uses its authority with empathy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870808_2_95_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870808.2.95.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555336000
7137,10,08,1987,"A.I.D.S. Brings Gays ‘out Of Closet’ (Press, 10 August 1987)","On 10 August 1987, a Sydney gay activist, Phil Carswell, addressed the impact of the A.I.D.S. epidemic on the homosexual community, claiming it had prompted many to come out of the closet despite ongoing fear and prejudice. Carswell, who serves as the gay representative on the National Advisory Committee on A.I.D.S., noted that the emotional toll of combatting the disease has encouraged more gay individuals to step forward and provide support not only to homosexuals but also to others affected by the illness. He expressed the belief that had A.I.D.S. predominantly afflicted heterosexuals, the response in the form of A.I.D.S. councils and help groups would not have been as robust or effective. Emphasising the need for inclusivity in the fight against A.I.D.S., Carswell cautioned that the gay community should not monopolise the issue, highlighting that it is a broader societal challenge. Carswell pointed out that the epidemic has sparked a significant moral struggle within the community. He acknowledged the historical difficulties gay individuals have faced in gaining acceptance and noted that changing perceptions are beginning to emerge, particularly in light of the courageous actions taken by many within the community. Public exposure to a more visible gay presence is prompting wider society to confront both the realities of homosexuality and the grim ramifications of A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870810_2_41_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870810.2.41.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555508800
6256,10,08,1987,"P.m. Offers Nuclear-ship Briefing (Press, 10 August 1987)","On 10 August 1987, the nuclear ships debate in New Zealand intensified as Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Mr Merwyn Norrish, became involved in discussions regarding a past meeting between Prime Minister Mr Lange and United States Secretary of State Mr Shultz. During a televised debate, Mr Lange offered to brief National Party leader Mr Bolger on the details of the talks held in Manila in July 1987, which focused on the implications of New Zealand's nuclear-free stance. A viewer raised concerns about assurances against the entry of nuclear weapons in New Zealand, leading Mr Bolger to state that such trust would rely on the country's allies adhering to its anti-nuclear policy. Mr Lange, however, emphasized that a neither-confirm-nor-deny policy could not effectively keep nuclear arms out of New Zealand, reiterating that Mr Shultz had indicated that nuclear-armed vessels could visit under this understanding. The Prime Minister used a card metaphor to illustrate his point, claiming, “When the cards are dealt, there will be a nuclear one somewhere in the pack.” The United States State Department responded cautiously, stating that their view of the meeting differed somewhat from Mr Lange's account, reiterating their global stance of not confirming or denying the presence of nuclear weapons. The televised debate included discussions on various topics besides nuclear issues, such as abortion and homosexual law reform. Mr Lange reiterated that examining the abortion law was not a government priority, despite commitments to review it, while Mr Bolger lamented the number of annual abortions and called for stricter laws. On the topic of homosexuality, Mr Bolger expressed opposition to recriminalising sodomy and suggested that the age of consent should be higher. Mr Lange defended existing legislation, asserting it had improved the lives of homosexuals and countering concerns about abuse. Both main parties denied plans to introduce new taxes or change current mortgage interest rates. Mr Lange expressed support for modified proportional representation, whereas Mr Bolger defended the existing electoral system for its stability. Mr Morrison of the Democrat Party advocated for proportional representation, countering criticism of its instability by comparing Italy's current wealth to that of Britain. When discussing superannuation, Mr Lange expressed frustration at its political manipulation and hoped for bipartisan agreement through the social policy Royal Commission. Additional viewer questions covered various topics, including the election campaign, unemployment pledges, capital punishment, and economic issues. In closing statements, Mr Lange praised his government's economic management and warned against undermining three years of effort, while Mr Bolger highlighted the hardships experienced under Labour and pledged to tackle systemic issues in education and poverty. Mr Morrison concluded that the public was tired of the political squabbling and urged a harmonious approach to address the nation’s challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870810_2_21_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870810.2.21.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555508800
7138,12,08,1987,"Kiwi Blokes — Stereotypes From A Rural, Frontier... (Press, 12 August 1987)","In an exploration of New Zealand's male identity, Dr Jock Phillips, a researcher at Victoria University in Wellington, examines the stereotype of the Kiwi male and its evolution in his book ""A Man's Country — the image of the pakeha male."" Phillips argues that the self-image of New Zealand men, often summed up by the phrases ""rugby, racing and beer,"" has repressive implications for both genders. He identifies historical events that shaped this stereotype, including the pioneer experience, the nation's drinking culture, the impact of rugby, and the male narratives stemming from participation in the two World Wars. Phillips claims that this stereotype constrains both men and women, leading to various societal issues. He highlights that the image of the Kiwi bloke has forced many men into roles that conflict with their true selves, resulting in wasted potential and unfulfilled interests. The masculinity ideal often discourages emotional expression, causing mental strain and social isolation among men, who feel pressured to adhere to traditional concepts of toughness and stoicism. The author points out that the narrative of New Zealand as an egalitarian society is misleading, as significant social and economic divisions persist. He argues that while Māori participation in male culture through rugby and warfare is often highlighted, it obscures the cultural disparities between races. Furthermore, Phillips contends that the historical view of New Zealand as a rural society has hampered its adaptation to the economic changes that began in the 1970s, hindering the country's resilience and creativity in uncertain times. While the male stereotype remains influential, especially in provincial areas, Phillips notes that urban centres like Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch are witnessing new role models and ideals that challenge the traditional views. He acknowledges the emergence of a new stereotype, characterised by self-promotion and wealth, but finds this equally unappealing. Reflecting on the past, Phillips identifies certain aspects of the traditional male image worth retaining, such as modesty and camaraderie, while recognising the harmful effects of rigid stereotypes that left little room for emotional vulnerability. He draws parallels between New Zealand's male stereotype and those of other British frontier societies like South Africa and Australia, emphasising that New Zealand's smaller population has historically limited diverse expressions of masculinity. Phillips' own personal experiences, particularly his marriage to feminist writer Phillida Bunkie, have heightened his awareness of how these stereotypes harm both men and women. He notes that the traditional male ethos has led to difficulties in male-female communication and spawned resentment towards women, who were often relegated to domestic roles. Dr Phillips concludes by emphasising the importance of understanding these historical perspectives and encourages men to engage with women's narratives to foster deeper empathy and awareness. He believes that a reevaluation of the traditional masculine identity is essential for developing healthier relationships between genders and for building a more inclusive society in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870812_2_100_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870812.2.100.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555681600
6257,12,08,1987,"Neck-and-neck Struggle In Waitaki (Press, 12 August 1987)","Two former classmates, Labour MP Jim Sutton and National's Duncan Taylor, are set to compete vigorously in the Waitaki electorate for the upcoming election on 15 August 1987. Both candidates, who attended Timaru Boys’ High School together, now find themselves on opposing sides of the political spectrum. Sutton, who won the seat three years ago by defeating Cabinet Minister Jonathon Elworthy with a majority of 499 votes, is currently facing Taylor, who is aiming for a 3.3 percent swing to secure the seat without a New Zealand Party candidate contesting. Waitaki has a history of accurately reflecting national trends, having consistently been held by the party that wins the election since 1931. The electorate spans a large region in central South Island, including areas such as Oamaru, Waimate, and the Mackenzie Basin. The new boundaries now encompass additional boroughs, giving Sutton a paper majority of 1,227 votes. Sutton has made a mark in Wellington, contributing to key financial policies and operating a successful electorate office that has handled approximately 7,000 inquiries. He identifies local issues across the electorate, from flood protection in Temuka to tourism strategies in the Mackenzie area. However, he faces challenges due to a downturn in the rural economy and a drop in international tourism, especially from Australia and Asia. On the other hand, Taylor has campaigned tirelessly, travelling over 50,000 km this year. He has the backing of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards for his stance on moral issues, and he prioritizes creating employment opportunities through National's regional development policy. Taylor advocates for a differential pricing structure for locally generated power to support local businesses. In contrast, Democrat candidate Dave Wood wants to restore the party's support in the electorate, focusing on regional development as a key issue. He criticises current economic policies for neglecting regional needs. Meanwhile, David Holden of the Wizard Party is promoting decentralisation and innovative solutions to reduce crime and unemployment, although he is seen as a long shot compared to the Labour and National candidates. Polls taken in late July indicate that National holds a slight lead over Labour, with Taylor at 45.5% and Sutton at 42.5%. Candidate familiarity with the newly added boroughs of Geraldine and Temuka will be crucial. Sutton asserts that handling these areas will be straightforward due to existing travel connections, whereas Taylor highlights his personal ties to Temuka to enhance his local rapport. With the election approaching, the candidates are focusing on local issues and voter concerns as they strive for support in a historically significant electorate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870812_2_105_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870812.2.105.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555681600
6259,14,08,1987,"Coalition-nat. Pack (Press, 14 August 1987)","On 14 August 1987, it was reported that material supporting the National Party in the Labour-held Ohariu electorate in western Wellington was being distributed alongside a publication from the Coalition of Concerned Citizens. The eight-page ""Coalition Courier"" focuses on encouraging voters to consider moral issues when casting their votes, particularly highlighting concerns regarding homosexual law reform and law and order. The publication criticises the Labour Government and many of its MPs for their positions on these moral questions. Alongside the Coalition Courier, other pamphlets were included, although their origin remains unclear; one of these pamphlets is associated with David Lloyd, the National Party candidate for Ohariu. Attempts to contact Mr Lloyd for comments were unsuccessful.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870814_2_22_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870814.2.22.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555854400
6260,14,08,1987,"M.P. Apologies For Remarks (Press, 14 August 1987)","On 14 August 1987, a controversy arose regarding remarks made by John Banks, the MP for Whangarei. During a sermon at Kamo Springs Chapel, Banks was quoted as saying, ""There are Baptist ministers in our Parliament who stand in the ayes for sodomy for kids, who are in favour of abortion on demand."" This statement raised concerns among local religious leaders, particularly Rev. Kevin Simpson of the Central Baptist Church in Whangarei. Rev. Simpson pointed out that there are no Baptist ministers serving in Parliament. He noted that the only lay Baptist member is Graeme Lee, who has been connected to the debate on homosexual law reform. Simpson expressed regret for the implications of Banks' comments, stating, “I am sorry for any hurt caused.” He clarified that the intention of Banks' remarks appeared to reference a former minister of religion who had voted in favour of homosexual law reform for 16-year-olds. In response to the backlash, John Banks stated that his comments were not aimed at misrepresenting any Baptist ministers and that he spoke spontaneously without realising that members of the press were present. He emphasised that his intention was to highlight the existence of a former minister in Parliament who had supported controversial legislation regarding homosexuality. Banks expressed regret for any misunderstandings his comments may have caused.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870814_2_81_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870814.2.81.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555854400
6258,14,08,1987,"Mr Bolger Picks Fiveseat National Majority (Press, 14 August 1987)","On 14 August 1987, Brendon Burns reported from Auckland on the campaign activities of Mr Bolger, the Leader of the Opposition and head of the National Party, as the election approached its conclusion. Bolger was optimistic, asserting that his support had grown and confidently predicted that the National Party would secure a majority of five seats or more in the upcoming election. Throughout the day, Bolger engaged in various activities, including a television appearance, a visit to a police station, and addressing his final rally of the campaign. Bolger’s central message revolved around the inefficacy of the Lange Government, suggesting that New Zealand was ready for a shift in leadership. He identified a rising sentiment for change that would lead to a favourable outcome for National. He expressed expectations of capturing urban seats, specifically highlighting Glenfield in Auckland and a few in Wellington, while also noting the party's ambition to gain ground in provincial areas. Despite the campaign's demands, Bolger rejected concerns about losing momentum, insisting that enthusiasm and positive reception had been building in recent days. He dismissed worries about his leadership future, stating that he was focused solely on winning and would not be troubled by losing his position if that occurred. In a relaxed manner, Bolger participated in the lunchtime television programme “Newsline,” where he fielded questions from the audience. His responses were respectful, even when faced with challenging inquiries, such as those from a caller advocating for the gay community who questioned National's commitment to their rights. Bolger acknowledged concerns about the recent law changes regarding homosexuality but expressed personal discomfort with same-sex relationships. He also addressed practical questions about the National Party’s proposed Extax, its implications for basic food exemptions, and defended the party against claims it would harm trade unions, arguing that union members had been misled by the current government. Additionally, Bolger apologised to a caller who found his reference to “dolly birds” in Labour advertisements offensive, admitting it might have been an inappropriate choice of words. When asked about the proposal to limit benefits for young mothers, he expressed a desire to encourage reliance on family support, given his own large family. As the day concluded, Bolger had a busy schedule planned, including radio talkback sessions and a visit to St Paul’s College in Hamilton. He intended to return to his home in Te Kuiti for the weekend, with plans to return to Wellington for post-election discussions regardless of the election outcome. Overall, Bolger's public appearances and comments reflected a campaign filled with optimism and a clear call for change among New Zealand voters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870814_2_22_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870814.2.22.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555854400
7606,15,08,1987,"‘Born Again’ On American Hills (Press, 15 August 1987)","Published on 15 August 1987, the review by Alan Conway discusses Frances FitzGerald's book ""Cities on a Hill,"" which explores various ""born again"" communities across the United States. FitzGerald, known for her Pulitzer Prize-winning work ""Fire in the Lake,"" provides an insightful social commentary on contemporary America through the examination of four distinct communities. The first community highlighted is the Castro in San Francisco, which emerged in the 1970s as a vibrant hub for gay men. FitzGerald details how this neighbourhood developed its unique identity, featuring gay institutions, including policemen, churches, and even its own yellow-pages. The political rise of figures like Harvey Milk exemplified the community's power, but the onset of AIDS greatly impacted the Castro, leading to a reassessment of its culture as it faced the epidemic and a decline in its earlier eccentricities. FitzGerald then shifts focus to Jerry Falwell's Liberty Baptist Church in Lynchburg, Virginia. Established in 1956, this church became a major force in what was termed ""saturation evangelism."" FitzGerald notes that Falwell's television ministry raised millions of dollars and led to the founding of Liberty University. The university, unique in its teaching methods, explicitly promotes creationism over evolutionary biology. FitzGerald paints Falwell as a significant figure in the conservative religious movement, with aspirations to embed his students into various sectors of American society to enact profound changes. The review also describes the Sun City Center in Florida, a retirement community for older adults. This community embraces an active lifestyle, with ample activities available for its residents, contrasting typical perceptions of ageing in nursing homes. FitzGerald touches on the complexities of loneliness that can exist amid the enthusiasm of the communal activities, raising concerns about the growing population of seniors and the implications for social security as the workforce decreases. Finally, the notorious Rajneeshpuram, set up by the Indian guru Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh in Oregon, is examined. The community comprised affluent disciples who faced backlash from local residents due to their eccentric practices and the guru's collection of Rolls-Royces. The tension escalated into legal battles, particularly involving Rajneesh's aide, Ma Anand Sheela, who faced attempted murder charges. Ultimately, the community disbanded as Rajneesh fled, illustrating the clash between differing cultural ideologies and local societies. In her concluding analysis, FitzGerald reflects on the historical context of Americans pursuing their personal utopias, linking back to John Winthrop’s envisioning of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She suggests that the search for a ""city upon a hill"" continues, indicating a persistent quest for idealised communities in America. Overall, Conway recommends the book for its thought-provoking insights and engaging narrative style, despite acknowledging that FitzGerald may not receive another Pulitzer for this work.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870815_2_159_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870815.2.159.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,555940800
7520,18,08,1987,"Testing Guidelines For A.i.d.s. Spark Outcry (Press, 18 August 1987)","In August 1987, the United States Centres for Disease Control (C.D.C.) released new guidelines for A.I.D.S. testing, eliciting significant backlash from civil liberties and gay rights organizations. The C.D.C. recommended that testing be conducted for several specific groups, including individuals planning to get married, those entering hospitals, people suffering from other sexually transmitted infections like syphilis, and those who identified as being at risk for A.I.D.S. Additional groups mentioned included prison inmates, prostitutes, intravenous drug users, and women of reproductive age who belonged to high-risk categories. This latter group targeted individuals from communities known to have a high prevalence of A.I.D.S., specifically African and Haitian women. Opposition to these guidelines stemmed from concerns that they could infringe upon individual rights, making many unaware that they could refuse A.I.D.S. testing. The C.D.C. acknowledged the severity of the A.I.D.S. crisis, reporting over 40,000 diagnosed cases in the U.S., with more than half of those individuals having already died. This context highlighted the urgency for public health measures, despite the ethical implications of such broad testing recommendations. Additionally, the C.D.C. announced a revision to the definition of A.I.D.S., which could further increase the number of reported cases. The new criteria included a severe brain disorder termed ""H.I.V. dementia complex"" and prolonged involuntary weight loss as part of the A.I.D.S. classification. This adjusted definition could set a new international standard for defining the disease. However, Tom Starcher, chief of the surveillance section of the C.D.C.'s A.I.D.S. programme, indicated that the changes would not affect mortality statistics, noting that no individual diagnosed with A.I.D.S. had ever been recorded as having recovered from the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870818_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870818.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,556200000
6261,19,08,1987,"Murder-suicide Called ‘crime Of Passion (Press, 19 August 1987)","The Christchurch District Coroner's court revealed details of a tragic murder-suicide involving two Lyttelton men, Peter Ross Bachop, 32, and Kenneth Charles Loader, 43. The incident occurred on May 9, 1987, and was characterised by the Coroner, Mr. Neil Mac Lean, as a ""crime of passion."" The findings determined that Bachop died from a ricochet gunshot wound to the chest and abdomen, while Loader died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. The court heard that their relationship had soured, leading to tensions on the day of the incident. After having lived together, Bachop decided to move out, which upset Loader. On the night of the shooting, after Bachop had relocated to his family home, Loader appeared at the house early in the morning, urging Bachop to come out. When Bachop refused, Loader forcibly entered the home, brandishing a rifle. Despite attempts to negotiate, the situation escalated when Loader fired the gun, injuring Bachop. Loader's erratic behaviour and previous threats towards Bachop were also discussed in court, detailing how Bachop lived in fear of Loader's violent tendencies. Family members testified to being aware of the unstable relationship and the troubles that had arisen, with Bachop's father, Leslie Wilfred Bachop, indicating that he had heard rumours about the relationship but his son had denied them. After the initial shots were fired, Bachop attempted to escape, prompting Loader to follow him, leading to further shots being exchanged. The second part of the court proceedings included the tragic death of soccer player Peter Cousins, aged 24, at Burnside Park on June 13, 1987. Cousins died after a soccer goal post, which had been tampered with, fell on him while he was warming up. This incident raised significant safety concerns regarding the maintenance of goalposts, with evidence presented showing that the posts had not been securely anchored, leading to severe head injuries that ultimately resulted in Cousins’ death. Additionally, the court addressed the death of Cyril James McAnally, a 58-year-old foreman, who was hit by a reversing truck while overseeing a worksite on May 12, 1987. Similar to the incidents above, this highlighted safety lapses on construction sites. Despite previous warnings and a narrow escape earlier that day, McAnally was unable to react in time as the truck reversed, leading to fatal injuries. The final case discussed was the death of 15-year-old Glen Bevan Sutherland, who suffered multiple injuries from a motorcycle accident on Langdon’s Road after leaving a friend’s house in the early hours of the morning. These incidents not only brought to light the individual tragedies but also pointed to broader issues surrounding safety protocols and relationship violence in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870819_2_80_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870819.2.80.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,556286400
7521,20,08,1987,"Human Testing For A.i.d.s. Vaccine (Press, 20 August 1987)","On 20 August 1987, it was reported that the American Government has granted approval for the first human trials of a vaccine aimed at combatting the AIDS virus. This decision was communicated by a spokeswoman from the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The vaccine trials are set to commence at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) with a limited number of volunteers, highlighting the urgency and importance of advancing research in this critical area. The FDA's approval followed an application submitted by MicroGenySys Inc., a small biotechnology company based in West Haven, Connecticut, which was established in 1983. The vaccine developed by the company utilises a synthetic version of a protein sourced from the surface of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is known to be the underlying cause of AIDS. Notably, this protein is produced in laboratory settings using a culture derived from the living cells of the alfalfa looper, a type of grass-eating caterpillar. MicroGenySys Inc. reported that animals involved in laboratory tests exhibited strong immune responses by developing significant levels of antibodies to HIV following vaccination. Antibodies are crucial as they form part of the body’s defence mechanism against pathogens. Despite these optimistic developments, experts in the field of AIDS cautioned that even if the vaccine demonstrates effectiveness, it could take several years before it becomes accessible to the general population. This acknowledgment reflects the lengthy and complex process involved in vaccine development and testing, as well as the need for extensive clinical evaluation to ensure safety and efficacy in humans.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870820_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870820.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,556372800
6262,20,08,1987,"Man Admits 54 Killings (Press, 20 August 1987)","On 20 August 1987, Donald Harvey, a hospital orderly, was sentenced to three life terms in prison for the murder of 24 patients, most of whom were terminally ill or comatose. Harvey, aged 35, was involved in a plea bargain that allowed him to avoid the death penalty by pleading guilty to aggravated murder while admitting to the killing of 24 individuals, 21 of whom were hospital patients. It was revealed that all of the murders were committed through poisoning, with the exception of one victim who was suffocated using a plastic bag. During a confession made a month prior to his sentencing, Harvey recounted details of his actions, stating he injected poison into the intravenous lines of many patients. In some instances, he also encouraged patients to consume cyanide-infused orange juice. Following the plea, Harvey’s lawyer, Mr William Whalen, disclosed that Harvey had acknowledged an additional 30 murders that he had committed, although information on these was scarce and vague. Whalen indicated that eight of these admissions dated back 16 or 17 years to another hospital location. Harvey was additionally charged with the attempted aggravated murder of four other patients and for felonious assault involving arsenic against a man identified as his homosexual partner and roommate. The sentencing was conducted by Judge William S. Mathews, who ordered Harvey to serve three consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole until he is 95 years old. Prosecutor Mr Arthur Ney made the plea deal to secure Harvey's confession, asserting that had they not reached this agreement, it would have been challenging to build a case against him due to lack of evidence. Harvey had worked as an orderly at the Veterans Administration Medical Centre for a decade starting in 1975 and spent an additional year at Drake Memorial Hospital in Cincinnati. Throughout his time in these roles, he appeared to rationalise his actions as 'mercy killings', believing he was relieving the suffering of patients near death.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870820_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870820.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,556372800
6263,21,08,1987,"A.I.D.S.-social Life Probe ‘unreliable’ (Press, 21 August 1987)","In a statement on 21 August 1987, Mr Warren Lindberg, the director of the Aids Foundation, addressed the practices of life insurance companies regarding their assessment of risk for Aids. He challenged the reliance on clients' social lives and sexual orientation as indicators of their likelihood of contracting Aids, advocating instead for a focus on individuals' histories of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Lindberg pointed out that the only dependable indication of risk is a recent history of these diseases, as it suggests potential exposure through unprotected sexual relations. He referenced a report from Australia’s National Advisory Committee on Aids, which supports the notion that a person's sexual activity should inform life insurance risk rather than their sexual orientation. According to Lindberg, it is impractical to directly inquire about an applicant's sexual activity due to the potential for dishonesty. Lindberg further argued against stereotypes, noting that not all individuals, such as a single man over 30 who has undergone an Aids antibody test, should be presumed to be at risk or promiscuous. He emphasised the importance of discretion in assessments to avoid unjust assumptions about people's sexual behaviour. Only a small percentage, specifically 2 per cent, of those tested for Aids antibodies at Auckland’s Aids clinic had positive results, which Lindberg highlighted as a positive sign encouraging people to understand and evaluate their risks without fear of insurance discrimination. He expressed concern that fear of discrimination could deter individuals from getting tested for Aids, ultimately jeopardising health awareness and safety. Lindberg mentioned that the Aids Foundation had not formally addressed life insurance discrimination issues and noted no complaints regarding this matter, though he acknowledged that some insurers were beginning to implement risk identification questions. Lindberg was particularly cautious about the application of Aids antibody tests as health indicators, clarifying that they do not definitively denote a life-threatening disease. He cited that these tests indicate only a 10 to 30 per cent probability of having Aids, raising concerns about standard risk assessments in health-related contexts. The Aids Foundation seeks to encourage insurance companies to adopt policies that support individuals who have mitigated their risk of contracting Aids, such as those in stable relationships. Lindberg’s comments reflect a commitment to ensure fair treatment in life insurance while also emphasising the importance of testing and awareness in managing health risks associated with Aids.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870821_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870821.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,556459200
6971,22,08,1987,"Sir Robert Creates Sensation—‘time’ (Press, 22 August 1987)","The international image of Sir Robert Muldoon has taken an unexpected turn following an article in the 17 August 1987 issue of ""Time"" magazine, which incorrectly portrayed him as a transvestite after his participation in a production of ""The Rocky Horror Show."" However, Sir Robert clarified that he played the narrator in the production, not the lead character, who is a Transylvanian transvestite and was performed by a professional actor. In response to the article, Sir Robert expressed his disappointment, noting, ""Time is not the magazine it used to be."" He acknowledged that the misrepresentation might lead to some awkward moments, particularly when he attends the upcoming International Monetary Fund annual meeting in the United States next month, where he anticipates receiving “a few sideways looks.” Despite the media attention, Sir Robert mentioned that he typically does not read ""Time"" and would need to find a copy to see the article for himself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870822_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870822.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,556545600
6264,02,09,1987,"N.Z.'s Widest Mix Of Right-wingers, Some Furtive... (Press, 2 September 1987)","A significant transformation in the political landscape of Christchurch, New Zealand, has been noted as various Right-wing groups and lobbyists emerge from obscurity to advocate for a conservative agenda. The 1987 General Election campaign witnessed an unprecedented level of organised campaigning by Right-wing individuals and organisations, highlighted by the circulation of bogus Labour Party pamphlets targeting Cabinet Ministers in the Christchurch North and Central electorates. This election saw a marked increase in aggressive politicking, with a range of Right-wing groups, from Lex Rex to Campaign for a Soviet Free New Zealand, actively attempting to influence voter sentiments. Sources of the bogus pamphlets became shrouded in mystery, revealing a well-organised network of Right-wing politics, with some members choosing to remain anonymous, reflecting an underlying culture of secrecy and suspicion among these groups. They expressed a collective dissatisfaction with the current political climate, driven by a sense that traditional party politics was failing to represent conservative views adequately. Paul Spoonley from Massey University posits that this discontent reflects a wider polarisation in New Zealand society, as varying political factions become increasingly assertive. The Right-wing coalition is diverse, consisting of groups stretching from the extreme to moderate conservatism. Christchurch is described as a stronghold for these movements, boasting around 26 Right-wing organisations, influencing local political dynamics. Within these groups, a distinct generational divide exists, with older conservatives shaped by historical political movements and a younger demographic reacting against the liberal social changes of the 1970s and 1980s. A prominent player is the Christchurch Integrity Centre, led by Neville Rush, who expresses a desire for moral reform in the political sphere. He perceives the existing party system as corrupt and warns against what he describes as a gradual shift towards a secular humanist state. The Integrity Centre aims to mobilise grassroots political activism, urging citizens to engage in local governance and advocate against perceived moral decline. Rush's criticisms extend to the Labour Government's policies and what he terms ""traitorous"" elements within local politics. Other active groups include the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, which operates publicly and claims broad membership across the political spectrum, focusing on law and order issues. They maintain that they act on behalf of various community interests rather than targeting specific political parties. Another shadowy organisation, O.W.L. Information, described as rural-based and anti-Labour, exemplifies the clandestine nature of some Right-wing activities. It operates through anonymous newsletters and maintains a policy of non-disclosure regarding its membership and leadership. Overall, the emergence of these organisations demonstrates a growing frustration among Right-wing factions in New Zealand towards the prevailing political climate, with many groups advocating for a return to traditional moral values. As they rally for greater representation, observers foresee a potential escalation of their activities in anticipation of the Labour Government's re-election.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870902_2_104_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870902.2.104.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,557496000
6783,07,09,1987,"New Women’s Centre At Polytechnic (Press, 7 September 1987)","On 7 September 1987, it was announced that Christchurch Polytechnic would open the Next Step Centre for Women on Women's Suffrage Day, September 19. This new centre aims to offer various courses tailored for women, with a special mini-convention called Women Sharing Knowledge planned for the launch day. The convention will feature workshops, discussion groups, and guest speakers addressing various topics, including the Pacifica organisation, health alternatives, women's roles in religion, and the experiences of lesbian women. Ann Hercus, New Zealand's first Minister of Women's Affairs, is set to officiate the opening and participate in a morning tea event. A social gathering with snacks and beverages will close the day's activities, for which there is a small fee. Childcare will be available with prior arrangement. In addition to the opening event, the Next Step Centre will offer two new courses starting soon: Women Writing, focused on creative expression, and Women in Religion, exploring the portrayal of women in religious contexts. Each course runs for eight weeks at a fee of $22. Other upcoming courses include topics on health, law, recreation, and Maori women's issues. In health-related news, Dr Jan Watt has received a fellowship to research the development of low-weight babies born in Canterbury during 1983 and 1984. This research aims to determine whether these infants face greater developmental challenges compared to their normal-weight counterparts. On the political front, a public meeting will be held at the Christchurch Public Library on September 11, marking the anniversary of the military coup in Chile. Various speakers will discuss the sociopolitical situation in Chile and related challenges faced by Fiji. Educators are encouraged to attend an upcoming two-day seminar on race relations in New Zealand and South Africa on September 18 and 19, part of a curriculum shift focusing on cultural interaction. Teachers who reside within the university district may apply for fee refunds. Outdoor enthusiasts can enroll in a Tramping Survival Course starting on September 23, which offers practical survival skills necessary for safe tramping. Participants will learn essential skills over six weeks, culminating in a weekend camp experience. Another notable celebration is the 110th anniversary of Christchurch Girls’ High School, taking place on September 13 with an assembly and lunch event for alumni. Volunteers are needed for the Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Society’s new sitter programme aimed at providing respite for caregivers of dementia sufferers. Additionally, families can enjoy screenings of ""International Velvet"" at the Femland Cinema, while a spring fashion show at Hornby Mall will raise funds for Hornby Free Kindergarten on September 15. For parents of children approaching school age, a Starting School course is available beginning on September 28 through the Parents’ Centre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870907_2_79_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870907.2.79.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,557928000
6266,08,09,1987,"A.I.D.S. Care Rejected By Some Nurses (Press, 8 September 1987)","A survey conducted on nurses' attitudes towards patients diagnosed with A.I.D.S. revealed that 13 per cent of the nurses would be willing to refuse treatment to such patients. This finding, reported by Mr David Wills, director of the New Zealand Nurses’ Society, has raised concerns, although he expressed confidence that nurses would not actually deny care to A.I.D.S. patients. He suggested that the responses may have stemmed from misunderstandings regarding the survey questions. Mr Wills pointed out that all nurses who participated in the postal survey had never previously refused to treat any patient. The survey reached out to 300 nurses, and 31 per cent of these questionnaires were returned. Mr Wills stated that despite the low return rate, the results provided a clear indication of the feelings held by nurses regarding A.I.D.S. More than 80 per cent of the respondents felt reasonably well informed about the disease, while 82 per cent expressed concerns about the risk of occupational transmission of the virus. In light of this concern, 87 per cent of the nurses reported taking greater precautions when dealing with blood, which is a common transmission route for A.I.D.S. Specific questions related to patient attitudes revealed that 29 per cent of nurses felt anxious about providing care for homosexual male patients, while 39 per cent were uneasy about caring for intravenous drug users. Additionally, 22 per cent indicated they would consider transferring to another area if their unit began treating a significant number of A.I.D.S. patients, with another 14 per cent unsure about their stance on such a transfer. Conversely, a substantial majority—71 per cent—stated that they would never refuse to care for a patient based on their medical condition, although 16 per cent expressed uncertainty, and 13 per cent were inclined to refuse. Overall, the survey highlights a mixture of anxiety and reassurance among nurses regarding A.I.D.S., with a clear majority indicating a commitment to patient care despite the risks associated with the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870908_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870908.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558014400
7522,08,09,1987,"A.i.d.s. May Be Fastest Mutating Virus (Press, 8 September 1987)","A recent study conducted by scientists at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico has revealed that the A.I.D.S. virus, known as human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.), may be the fastest mutating virus known to humanity. According to a report in the “Washington Post”, H.I.V. can mutate up to five times faster than the influenza virus, which was previously regarded as the fastest-evolving virus. Researchers found that over the past decade, the genetic structure of the A.I.D.S. virus has changed as significantly as the influenza virus has in the last half-century. Gerald Myers, a molecular geneticist at Los Alamos, noted that the A.I.D.S. viruses have developed into a complex family tree with many new genetic branches. He employed the laboratory’s computer systems—traditionally used for nuclear weapons research—to compare genetic codes from various A.I.D.S. strains collected between 1976 and 1986. This data included the genetic sequences of approximately 30 different A.I.D.S. strains. The speed at which H.I.V. mutates poses serious challenges for the treatment and prevention of the disease. Researchers indicated that the strain of the virus infecting an individual can evolve into multiple new strains during that person's lifetime. Dr Myers expressed concerns that the rapid genetic changes could hinder efforts to develop effective treatments and vaccines that would work across all strains of the virus. A.I.D.S. is a severe and contagious disease that significantly undermines the immune system, thereby making individuals susceptible to various infections and diseases. Since 1979, a total of 41,366 people in the United States have been diagnosed with the A.I.D.S. virus, leading to 23,884 fatalities. The findings from the Los Alamos study highlight the urgency of addressing the changing nature of the virus in the fight against this public health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870908_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870908.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558014400
6265,08,09,1987,"Pornography Favoured By Group (Press, 8 September 1987)","On 8 September 1987, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington was urged to support the distribution of pornographic magazines aimed at homosexual men. Mr Warren Linberg, representing the New Zealand A.I.D.S. Foundation, contended that such publications, particularly referencing “Advocate Men Vol. 2, No. II,” offered ""attractive alternatives to unsafe sex."" This statement highlights a public health perspective amid concerns regarding sexually transmitted infections, including AIDS. The tribunal faced opposition from the Comptroller of Customs, who raised alarms about the magazine's explicit images of male genitalia, indicating a potential societal risk associated with its distribution. In response to these concerns, the tribunal decided to classify the magazine as indecent for individuals under the age of 18, reflecting ongoing debates about sexual expression, public health, and age restrictions in media.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870908_2_70_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870908.2.70.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558014400
6784,08,09,1987,"Tribunal Bans 19 Indecent Novels (Press, 8 September 1987)","On 8 September 1987, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand announced the ban of 19 paperback novels due to their dishonest depictions of sexual activity and lack of substantive plots. This decision followed the seizure of the books by the Customs Department in Dunedin a year prior. Judge Richard Kearney, the tribunal's chairman, remarked that these novels are part of a troubling trend of increasingly frequent imports with many being poorly produced, using substandard paper and binding, and often featuring inadequate proofreading. The tribunal found that the major characteristic of these publications was their repetitive and explicit presentation of sexual acts, often described in graphic detail. The narratives were deemed to be connected only by the flimsiest of plots, and the literary quality of the works was overwhelmingly poor, with the tribunal concluding that the books lacked both artistic and social merit. Judge Kearney pointed to a prevailing ""dishonesty of purpose"" in these publications, which posed a significant potential for corruption. The banned titles included works such as ""Nicole in Flight,"" ""Back Street Sex,"" ""Diana’s Debut,"" and ""Suburban Souls,"" among others. Notably, the tribunal also identified several magazines within the same shipment that were ruled to be unconditionally indecent. These included ""Penthouse Variations for Liberated Lovers,"" ""Girls of Penthouse,"" and ""New Direction."" ""Penthouse Letters No. 4"" was classified as indecent for those under 18, alongside ""Genisis Letters Winter 1984"" and ""The Bawdy Beautiful,"" the latter of which was described as a collection of coarse, often crude verse. Judge Kearney expressed skepticism regarding any claims of literary or artistic value for the publications, stating that evidence of crude and disgusting content was insufficient on its own to meet the legal definition of indecency. However, the tribunal determined that all featured publications contained photographic depictions of sexual acts, deemed indecent under the tribunal's criteria.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870908_2_64.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870908.2.64,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558014400
6267,09,09,1987,"Extortion Attempt (Press, 9 September 1987)","On 9 September 1987, an Auckland man named Darryl Herbert Buis, aged 20 and unemployed, faced the District Court for multiple charges including extortion, assaulting a police officer, resisting arrest, and possession of a cannabis pipe. The court was informed that Buis had threatened to expose the homosexual relationship he claimed to have had with another man unless he received $5,000. Buis made several threatening phone calls to the unnamed victim over the weekend, leading the victim to report the situation to the police. During the conversations, Buis pressed for details on how the victim would arrange to pay the extortion money and subsequently agreed to meet at the victim's workplace to collect the cash. When Buis arrived at the workplace, he was approached by a detective who was investigating the case. In a violent confrontation, Buis struck the detective and attempted to throw another police officer through a window. He was arrested shortly after, and a glass cannabis pipe was discovered in his possession. Judge Wallace found Buis guilty on all counts and has remanded him in custody, with sentencing set for 23 September 1987.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870909_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870909.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558100800
6268,09,09,1987,"Pope Likely To Meet Discord On Visit (Press, 9 September 1987)","Pope John Paul II is set to embark on a nine-city tour of the United States from 10 to 19 September 1987, following his previous visit in 1979 that earned him widespread admiration. However, this time, his visit is expected to be met with significant protest and criticism from various groups, indicating that the initial support has diminished. Feminist groups, AIDS activists, homosexual rights advocates, Jewish organisations, pro-abortion groups, and disaffected Roman Catholics are all planning to voice their objections during the tour. The Pope's traditional stances on issues such as abortion, birth control, artificial insemination, and women's roles have drawn growing dissent, particularly among American Catholics. A recent poll revealed that many US Catholics disagree with Vatican teachings on these important matters, leading to increased scrutiny of the Pope's views. Jean Clark from the National Organisation for Women expressed that ""the honeymoon is over"" and highlighted the significant problems many Americans have with the Pope. While church officials have downplayed the protests and asserted that supporters will outnumber dissenters, concerns remain that the upcoming demonstrations could overshadow the Pope's intended message. Reverend Noel Bennett, a key organiser for the tour, described the opposition as being from ""a few small-minded people"" who will be overshadowed by a larger welcoming contingent. Anti-abortion demonstrations are anticipated, where activists plan to establish ""abortion-free zones"" in cities he visits, leading to confrontations with Catholic lay groups and pro-life supporters. In Miami, the Pope will also encounter protests from Jewish groups protesting his meeting with Austrian President Kurt Waldheim, who faces allegations regarding his WWII past. AIDS, particularly in connection with the Pope's perceived indifference to gay rights and the epidemic, is highlighted as a critical issue during the tour. Protests are expected in San Francisco, a city significantly impacted by the crisis, where the Pope will hold a Mass with special seating for AIDS patients and their supporters. Miami's Cure AIDS Now group plans a rally near the venue where the Pope will meet President Ronald Reagan, reiterating the controversy surrounding his positions. Further discord is anticipated in Columbia, South Carolina, part of the historically anti-Catholic ""Bible Belt,"" where the Rev. Adrian Rogers of the Southern Baptist Convention has declined to attend a service with the Pope, citing unspecified personal reasons. Additionally, civil libertarians are raising concerns about the cost of police protection and school closures during the visit, arguing that these actions infringe upon the separation of church and state. Overall, Pope John Paul II's impending visit to the United States is shaping up to be marked by significant dissent from various factions within society, reflecting a changing landscape of public opinion towards his papacy amidst various social issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870909_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870909.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558100800
7523,10,09,1987,"Details Of A.i.d.s. Awareness Week (Press, 10 September 1987)","A national A.I.D.S. Awareness Week is set to take place in New Zealand from September 19 to 26, 1987, featuring an array of community activities alongside new television and radio advertisements. The initiative, announced by the Health Department, is being spearheaded by Dr Karen Poutasi, the department’s chief health officer, and is part of a larger national education campaign coordinated by the A.I.D.S. Education Working Party. Dr Poutasi stated that the primary goal of this campaign is to significantly reduce the incidence of new infections of the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.), which causes A.I.D.S. The campaign emphasises the importance of individuals limiting their sexual partners and consistently using condoms. Additionally, it aims to foster social support for those who are H.I.V. positive or who have developed the full A.I.D.S. condition. As a precursor to the awareness week, new educational materials are set to be distributed to health professionals and teachers. Dr Poutasi highlighted the pivotal role of pharmacists in disseminating information to the public. Furthermore, A.I.D.S. information tailored for workplaces has already been created by the State Services Commission in collaboration with the Public Service Association. In anticipation of Awareness Week, a new television advertisement is scheduled to air starting September 14. The week will also include various special television and radio programmes. The Health Department is sponsoring a visit from Ita Buttrose, an Australian media figure and chair of the Australian National A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee. During her time in New Zealand, Ms Buttrose will meet with several groups, including the Interdepartmental Officials’ Committee on A.I.D.S., representatives from various relevant organisations in Auckland, and select college students at the Beehive. During the Awareness Week, there will be an array of community activities organised by health professionals and volunteer agencies. These activities are set to include public seminars, informative displays, concerts, church services, and social events, all aimed at raising awareness and promoting understanding of A.I.D.S. and H.I.V.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870910_2_62_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870910.2.62.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558187200
6269,11,09,1987,"It Even Hurts To Watch (Press, 11 September 1987)","The television series ""Intimate Contact,"" which aired in September 1987, tackles the subject of AIDS within the context of the lives of the affluent in England. The programme portrays a world dominated by yuppies who embody a lifestyle of wealth and status, often discussing politics and business while engaging in leisure activities like croquet. The central character, played by Daniel Massey, is a middle-aged executive grappling with the reality of having contracted AIDS through a sexual encounter, a narrative that hints at a more complex orientation in his personal life. Massey’s character is supported by a strong performance from Claire Bloom, who plays his shocked wife. Bloom’s portrayal is marked by her ageless presence and a nuanced demeanor that conveys a sense of emotional restraint. Her character’s struggle with maintaining appearances in the wake of crisis adds depth to the narrative, reflecting societal pressures and personal turmoil. As the series unfolds, it delves into the emotional weight of the disease and its implications within a privileged society that is generally self-absorbed and disconnected from the realities of illness. The storyline presents a grim and realistic depiction of the impact of AIDS, contrasting with the often sanitised and melodramatic portrayals common in television. The narrative provokes its characters, and by extension, its viewers, to confront uncomfortable truths about their values and the fragility of their social structures. The tone of ""Intimate Contact"" has been compared to the unsettling atmosphere of ""The Day After,"" suggesting that while it is not an easy watch, it is compelling enough that viewers are likely to continue despite its harrowing content. The series encourages reflection on themes of societal complacency and individual morality, particularly as it addresses how its characters deal with the stigma surrounding AIDS. Despite the challenges presented, some of the characters, particularly Bloom's, are portrayed as maintaining a facade, illustrating the tension between external appearances and internal realities. The show has stirred diverse reactions, with some describing it as both gripping and disturbing. It raises questions about the emotional and societal barriers people construct in response to crisis, leaving audiences to ponder the ensuing complexities in their own lives. As the story progresses, it teases the potential for confessions and emotional breakdowns, suggesting a deeper exploration of human experiences and relationships. Overall, ""Intimate Contact"" positions itself as a poignant social commentary that dissects the often superficial layers of affluence, revealing the underlying fears and challenges posed by AIDS in a contemporary society. The first hour of the series has left viewers anticipating the coming episodes with a mixture of reluctance and intrigue, uncertain about the potentially devastating reprisal of suppressed emotions and societal truths.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870911_2_80_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870911.2.80.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558273600
6270,14,09,1987,"‘You Won’t Like Magazines,’ Tribunal Told (Press, 14 September 1987)","On 14 September 1987, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington addressed the case of a man who imported magazines focused on bondage, rubber fetishism, and transvestism. The man, who has not been named, asserted that his purchase of ""Centurians Latex Annual,"" Volume 1, and ""TV Dream Fantasies, Collections 1 and 2"" from the United States was solely for his personal interest. He described the acquisition as a ""one-off experiment"" and expressed regret that the tribunal members had to view the magazines, stating that he bought them for private use and that they were confiscated by the Customs Department. His lawyer, Mr Michael Wotherspoon, indicated that the tribunal had previously ruled that similar bondage magazines could potentially incite dangerous behaviour among younger individuals. He described the collections as anthologies focused on themes of transvestism, bondage, and female domination, asserting they lacked literary merit and primarily appealed to prurient interests. The tribunal did not reach a decision on the magazines at that time. The tribunal also reviewed additional publications, including ""Hung Stud,"" which depicts a 16-year-old boy's exploration of physical intimacy that culminates in a graphic scene of gang rape. They considered ""Sex Stars' Favourite Positions,"" a magazine featuring pornographic film actors in sexual scenarios, along with ""In Touch for Men, No. 126,"" a publication geared towards male homosexuals that includes various articles and visuals. Other materials reviewed included ""Derriere No. 1,"" concentrating on corporal punishment themes, and ""Drummer,"" a homosexual magazine emphasising bondage and sadomasochism. Mr Wotherspoon noted that customs officials had begun struggling with the assessment of publications related to male homosexuality following the enactment of the Homosexual Law Reform Act. Since the law's passage, the tribunal had not previously established clear guidelines on what would be permissible under the new legal framework, leading to challenges in interpretation. Consequently, many explicit male homosexual magazines had been referred to the tribunal, with indications that most would likely be restricted for those aged 16 and over. Judge Kearney, the tribunal's chairman, remarked on the necessity of establishing precedents and clearer guidelines based on the decisions surrounding the publications under consideration. The tribunal reserved judgment on all the materials discussed during this session.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870914_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870914.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558532800
6272,15,09,1987,"Criticism Of Conscience Vote On Drink (Press, 15 September 1987)","During the annual conference of the Hotel Association of New Zealand in Christchurch on 15 September 1987, Mr Gerry Power, the association’s president, addressed the ongoing issues within New Zealand's liquor legislation. He described the current state as a ""shambles,"" attributing the problems largely to the Parliamentary practice of conscience voting on legislation concerning liquor laws. Power pointed out that while various beneficial legislative proposals have been put forward, many have ultimately failed or been compromised due to this voting system. However, he acknowledged that conscience voting could also lead to positive legislative outcomes, citing the example of the Homosexual Law Reform Bill as a case where effective legislation was passed despite the voting method. Power expressed hope that Parliament would not dismiss the proposed new liquor legislation and instead develop laws aimed at benefiting society as it moved towards the 21st century. Power raised concerns about the existing liquor laws, which he felt failed to address issues like double standards, enforcement methods, and those who choose to disregard the law. He noted that there had been support for abolishing public bars and emphasised the recognition by Parliament that the Trespass Act should apply universally in hotels. This change, he suggested, could empower licensees to defend their properties more effectively. He further called on the Government to take the initiative in reforming liquor legislation, especially regarding the recommended change to the legal drinking age, as proposed in the Laking Report. The report suggested lowering the legal drinking age to 18, which Power described as a major issue that had persisted unresolved for a decade. He pointed out the existing law allowed 18-year-olds to drink in certain licensed venues if accompanied by an adult over 20, an arrangement he argued was widely misused, thus creating a double standard that was difficult to enforce. Power concluded by asserting that the Laking Report highlighted the public’s appetite for change, urging the Government to enact the necessary legislative adjustments to resolve these longstanding issues effectively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870915_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870915.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558619200
6271,15,09,1987,"Untitled (Press, 15 September 1987)","A.I.D.S. Awareness Week was set to commence on 19 September 1987, highlighting the importance of controlling the spread of the disease through measures such as limiting sexual partners and using condoms when necessary. Dr Poutasi emphasised that while many people were aware of these preventative strategies, the actual adoption of these behaviours was lacking. A recent survey conducted to assess sexual behaviour revealed that only 16 per cent of sexually active individuals had modified their sexual practices based on their knowledge of A.I.D.S. The survey findings indicated that more than half of the respondents had indeed reduced their number of sexual partners, and over one-third reported an increase in condom usage. However, a concerning statistic emerged: 54 per cent of sexually active single individuals reported never using condoms. Dr Chetwynd, a colleague of Dr Poutasi, noted that the portion of the survey addressing sexual behaviour was likely the least accurate, as personal questions about sexual habits were sensitive and often answered untruthfully. This segment of the survey aimed to create benchmarks for comparison with future research on sexual behaviour and A.I.D.S. awareness. The overall results underscored the continuing need for effective education and outreach regarding A.I.D.S. prevention, illustrating a gap between knowledge and action in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870915_2_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870915.2.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558619200
6785,17,09,1987,"Mini-convention For Women (Press, 17 September 1987)","On 17 September 1987, excitement filled Christchurch as women prepared for a mini-convention to commemorate Women's Suffrage Day. Over 50 women registered for workshops scheduled for the event, which coincided with the opening of the new Next Step Centre for Women at Christchurch Polytechnic. The centre was to be inaugurated by Mrs Ann Hercus, New Zealand's first Minister of Women’s Affairs and a former MP, according to Ms Jenny Heal from the Polytechnic's art and community studies department. The convention featured a variety of workshop topics, including women’s role models in mathematics, women’s sexuality, the experiences of lesbian women, women and religion, and health issues concerning women. Various organisations participated, such as the Pacifica group for Pacific island women, Health Alternatives for Women, Canterbury Women’s Employment Trust, and a group dedicated to recording a Canterbury women’s oral history. Additionally, there would be displays from the Y.W.C.A.’s night shelter for women, the Human Rights Commission, and the Kate Sheppard Bookshop. Ms Heal noted that the demand for women's studies courses at the Polytechnic had exceeded available space, prompting the establishment of a women’s drop-in and information centre. This centre aimed to provide resources for women seeking information on courses or study options, staffed by trained volunteer counsellors. The centre was also accessible to women with disabilities. In a related event, the National Organisation for Women chose to celebrate Women’s Suffrage Day on the preceding Friday with a potluck dinner and a panel discussion focused on education at the Old Stone House in Cashmere. Participants included notable figures such as Dame Jean Herblson, former chancellor of the University of Canterbury, and educators from various backgrounds. The National Council of Women encouraged participation in Suffrage Day celebrations but opted to wait until 14 October for its own events, when patroness Lady Reeves would be in Christchurch. A reception at the Oxford Terrace Baptist Church was planned, where Lady Reeves would address Project Waitangi and the cultural issues concerning Maori women, topics deemed crucial by the council's president, Mrs Liz Baxendine.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870917_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870917.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558792000
7139,17,09,1987,"Zacs Gets Beyond An A.I.D.S. Door (Press, 17 September 1987)","On 17 September 1987, a significant event in New Zealand's health landscape commenced, with the nation's first A.I.D.S. Awareness Week set to begin that Saturday. This week would feature a range of activities including special television and radio programmes, public seminars, concerts, and church services aimed at educating the public about A.I.D.S. The article, authored by Geoff Mein, details a personal journey into understanding and testing for antibodies to the virus. Mein's article is framed by an alarming revelation from a British medical journal, which suggested that the A.I.D.S. virus may have existed for centuries, its recent widespread transmission in Africa primarily due to the frequent use of improperly sterilised needles. He reflects on his own experiences in Africa, noting the prevalence of reused syringes in medical settings, which heightened his concern about potential exposure to the virus. Motivated by both personal and communal responsibility, Mein decides to undergo A.I.D.S. testing. He details his entry into the A.L.D.S. Foundation clinic in Christchurch, where he was greeted by counsellor Marie Gleays. Initially, he faced feelings of anxiety and the stigma surrounding A.I.D.S., contemplating what others might think upon seeing him enter the clinic. During the consultation, Marie explains the implications of the antibody test and reassures him about the importance of testing for the sake of community health. Mein acknowledges that many seek testing out of fear of passing the virus to others, particularly among high-risk groups like intravenous drug users and the gay community. However, he also identifies significant reasons not to take the test, including the emotional toll of a positive result, the potential for societal ostracism, and concerns regarding insurance implications. After much contemplation, Mein proceeds with the test, which involves answering a detailed medical questionnaire and a physical examination. He describes his apprehension during the process, particularly when he sees the blood samples drawn for testing. The emotional burden of uncertainty is palpable as he awaits results, compounded by media reports about the alarming increase of A.I.D.S. cases in East Africa. The anxiety reaches a peak as he anticipates the results for weeks, revealing his struggle with paranoia and a desire to escape should the news be dire. When the day of reckoning arrives, he is met with relief as Marie informs him that his tests were negative, and his health metrics were normal. Mein concludes by reflecting on his fortunate outcome in contrast to the grim statistic that one in twenty tested individuals may be antibody positive, with most likely to face dire consequences. His experience encapsulates the tension and fear surrounding the A.I.D.S. epidemic at the time and underscores the importance of awareness and testing as a means to combat the stigma associated with the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870917_2_119_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870917.2.119.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558792000
7479,19,09,1987,"Stronger Disease Message Wanted (Press, 19 September 1987)","On 19 September 1987, the Catholic Church expressed its concerns regarding the Health Department's A.I.D.S. Awareness Week. The Church's representatives, particularly the national director of Catholic Communications, the Rev. Jim Lyons, voiced their belief that the campaign's message was insufficient in warning the public about the dangers of sexually transmitted diseases. Father Lyons highlighted that the current messaging, which suggested that A.I.D.S. could be managed through limiting sexual partners and using condoms, was not strong enough. He firmly stated that the only truly safe sexual practice is ""faithful sex or self-disciplined abstinence,"" underscoring the Church's stance on the issue. While the Church did not outright criticise the awareness week itself, Father Lyons argued that the severity of A.I.D.S. should be communicated more aggressively. He described the disease as “lethal” and urged that individuals recognise the serious consequences of their sexual behaviours. The Church's position reflects its traditional views on sexuality and its commitment to promoting safer practices through faithfulness and abstinence rather than the use of condoms.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870919_2_66.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870919.2.66,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,558964800
7216,22,09,1987,"Medical Finds Queue For Official Approval (Press, 22 September 1987)","On 22 September 1987, it was reported that a new cholesterol treatment, lovastatin, produced by Merck, has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (F.D.A.). This innovative drug has shown the ability to reduce blood cholesterol levels by 18 percent to 34 percent during human clinical trials, suggesting that it could significantly aid approximately 10 million Americans struggling with high cholesterol that has not improved through diet or exercise. However, lovastatin's approval is just one breakthrough among many awaiting evaluation by the F.D.A. The agency is currently facing a backlog of applications for various promising new therapies. These include treatments that could dissolve blood clots responsible for heart attacks, slow down the progression of A.I.D.S. (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), and combat various cancers. Other experimental drugs may also help with issues like hair loss, weight control, and alcohol dependency. The slow progress of drug approvals has been attributed to several factors, including recent budget cuts and staff reductions that have further delayed the regulatory process. The F.D.A.'s cautious approach in evaluating the safety and effectiveness of new medications, particularly against potential side effects, is also a significant reason for slow approvals. This is especially notable in the case of A.I.D.S., where the urgency for new treatments has led to criticism of the F.D.A. for its perceived sluggishness. Larry Kramer, co-founder of the Gay Men’s Health Crisis Centre, voiced concerns to a presidential commission about the agency's outdated regulatory framework and the urgent need for quicker action. Currently, only one drug, A.Z.T. by Burroughs Wellcome, has been approved for A.I.D.S. in the U.S., which does not cure the disease but helps manage its symptoms. In mid-August, the F.D.A. had approved human testing for an A.I.D.S. vaccine developed by MicroGenySys, with other potential vaccines expected to follow, although experts warn that developing a viable vaccine could take time. Another controversial treatment awaiting F.D.A. decision is T.P.A., a genetically-engineered agent that helps dissolve blood clots and potentially prevents heart attacks. Despite showing promise in human trials, its final approval has been stalled due to calls for more data, leading to dissatisfaction in the medical community. The F.D.A. is also evaluating minoxidil, a blood pressure medication shown to stimulate hair growth, which sparked public interest. Although an expert committee previously supported its approval, the agency indicated it may take additional months for any final decision. Additionally, there is speculation about the potential approval of fluoxetine, an antidepressant by Eli Lilly, which may have beneficial side effects in reducing overeating and excessive drinking. It is expected that fluoxetine will gain approval later in 1987 for treating depression, but doctors might also utilise it for other purposes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870922_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870922.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559224000
7140,22,09,1987,"Moscow Nights (Press, 22 September 1987)","On 22 September 1987, Ruth Zanker commented on the portrayal of Russians in contemporary American television, particularly during a Friday night broadcast on Television Two. The evening featured a news report on the potential agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union to abolish medium-range and short-range missiles, which was overshadowed by two American sitcoms, ""Night Court"" and ""Brothers,"" both of which included Russian characters and themes. Zanker described how ""Night Court"" opened with comedic interactions among its characters, interrupted by the arrival of Jakov, a Russian defector who brings along his non-scientist brother who is a bear trainer seeking asylum. The episode was filled with jokes targeting K.G.B. agents and workplace humour around ""free enterprise,"" juxtaposed with cultural stereotypes, such as large, oversexed Russian women. Zanker pointed out the lack of depth in the portrayals, suggesting that the scriptwriters reduced Russian characters to mere caricatures, missing opportunities for genuine representation. The episode also included a plotline where arms negotiators from both the Soviet Union and the United States, who shared personal grievances reflected upon their lives, briefly establish a potential arms agreement, only to tear it up for lack of buyers. This moment signifies a failed hope for collective understanding, reinforcing the cycles of misunderstanding and stereotypes that pervade their interactions. Transitioning to ""Brothers,"" Zanker critiqued a plot involving a homosexual character who falls for a Russian weightlifter, marred by lack of sensitivity and depth, reflective of societal attitudes at the time. Although the show was created in 1984, Zanker noted its datedness in light of the emerging attitudes surrounding AIDS and homosexuality, highlighting the shift in cultural narratives since a decade prior when such themes would have been considered taboo. Zanker concluded by highlighting the role of sitcoms as both a reflection and an influencer of middle American values, remarking on the complexity of changes in social attitudes toward race and sexuality through these comedies. Ultimately, she expressed concern over the stark contrasts between real-world diplomacy and the trivialisation of serious issues through the lens of entertainment, questioning whether audiences were truly moving closer to understanding each other amidst the continuous recycling of stereotypes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870922_2_77_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870922.2.77.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559224000
6273,24,09,1987,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 24 September 1987)","In September 1987, two letters published in response to the growing AIDS crisis in New Zealand addressed concerns about how the epidemic was being managed and discussed in the public sphere. John D. Canham expressed alarm over the perceived inadequacy of responses from responsible authorities and the media regarding the seriousness of AIDS. He argued that the most effective methods to control the disease's spread were abstaining from promiscuous sexual behaviour, encouraging chastity before marriage, and promoting total fidelity within marriage. Despite these views, Canham criticized organisations like the AIDS Foundation and the Family Planning Association for primarily advocating condom use. He contended that this approach mistakenly implied that some promiscuity was acceptable if precautions were taken, which he called a ""deadly error."" Canham pointed out that condom use is not foolproof and warned that promoting them might lead to increased promiscuity, ultimately endangering lives. He called for a moral reckoning, questioning whether society was too morally compromised to confront the truth about AIDS. On a similar note, M. Lyons highlighted the outcomes of recent Health Department briefing papers that suggested a sobering rise in AIDS cases in New Zealand, mirroring patterns seen abroad. Lyons emphasized the alarming trend of annual doubling of victims, which posed potential economic repercussions for the country. He criticized both past and present governments for their focus on minor issues while neglecting to address what he viewed as the core cause of the epidemic: homosexual behaviour. While expressing compassion for those affected by AIDS, Lyons urged for a pragmatic approach that prioritises public health and safety over the emotional dimension of the crisis. Together, these letters reflect the heightened anxiety and urgency surrounding the AIDS epidemic in New Zealand during this period, calling for a more straightforward dialogue about prevention and behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870924_2_100_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870924.2.100.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559396800
6274,24,09,1987,"N.Z. Doctor A ‘workhorse’ In A.I.D.S. Fight (Press, 24 September 1987)","Dr Charles Farthing, a New Zealand-born dermatologist, has emerged as a significant figure in combating the A.I.D.S. epidemic in London, where he has worked at St Stephens Hospital since 1984. Originally from Christchurch, he left for training in dermatology but became deeply involved in the A.I.D.S. crisis as it unfolded. He established a clinic in response to a lack of awareness and interest regarding the disease, particularly among the groups most affected, prompting him to take on a heavy case load that doubles every eight months. Dr Farthing describes his experience as overwhelming, noting that there are insufficient medical professionals with the requisite expertise to meet the increasing demand from patients, many of whom have multiple health issues and psychological needs intertwined with their A.I.D.S. diagnosis. He expresses exhaustion, stating that his work is nearly continuous, often extending into the evenings with little time for rest. Reflecting on the resilience of his patients, Dr Farthing is deeply moved by their dignity in the face of suffering. He shares a poignant story about a patient who died after expressing gratitude for the care he received, showcasing the human spirit amidst the hardships caused by the disease. His practice is centred at the John Hunter Clinic, which serves a vulnerable population at high risk of A.I.D.S., including the homosexual and drug-using communities. Recently, the introduction of the antiviral drug Retrovir has provided a glimmer of hope in A.I.D.S. treatment. Since its development in April 1987, it has been employed at St Stephens with some patients showing improvement, although not all tolerate the drug's side effects. Dr Farthing notes that while Retrovir does not restore immune functionality once it is largely destroyed, it can prevent further deterioration. He is optimistic about ongoing clinical research and potential new treatments on the horizon. Dr Farthing, educated in New Zealand and with a medical career beginning in 1976, reflects on the evolution of A.I.D.S. awareness and treatment since the hospital's first case in 1981. He plans to share insights in New Zealand regarding the complexities of A.I.D.S. care, including the need for specialists trained in this unique field. He has witnessed a change in public attitude towards A.I.D.S. patients in the UK, attributing this shift to government campaigns that have fostered sympathy and understanding. Despite the progress made, Dr Farthing expresses frustration over budget constraints that hinder the creation of junior doctor positions dedicated to A.I.D.S. treatment, as patient numbers continue to surge. He also raises concerns regarding the uncertainty surrounding individuals who test positive for HIV and whether they will go on to develop A.I.D.S., as the public health challenge remains formidable in the context of the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870924_2_107.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870924.2.107,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559396800
7524,25,09,1987,"Mandatory Testing For A.i.d.s. Rejected (Press, 25 September 1987)","On 25 September 1987, New Zealand nurses unanimously voted against implementing routine mandatory testing for A.I.D.S. antibodies. This decision was made during the Nurses’ Association annual conference held in Wellington, where representatives from the 26,000-member association converged. Instead of mandatory testing, the nurses endorsed the importance of voluntary anonymous testing for individuals at risk of H.I.V, contingent on informed consent and proper counselling. The Nurses’ Association acknowledged A.I.D.S. as a significant public health concern that requires urgent attention and funding. They called on the government to allocate substantial resources for education, research, and treatment related to the virus. Furthermore, the association reaffirmed its dedication to protecting the human rights of individuals affected by A.I.D.S., as well as those who provide care for these patients. The delegates expressed their commitment to ensuring that all A.I.D.S. sufferers receive the care and support they need.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870925_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870925.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559483200
7393,26,09,1987,"Everyone Must Fight A.I.D.S., Meeting Told (Press, 26 September 1987)","A public meeting held as part of A.I.D.S. Awareness Week in Christchurch on 26 September 1987 highlighted the urgent need for every New Zealander to take responsibility in combating the disease. Mr. Ian Smith, the co-ordinator for the New Zealand A.I.D.S. Foundation in Christchurch, spoke to an audience of approximately 50 people. He stated that the only way to contract A.I.D.S. is by allowing the virus to enter one's body, emphasising the importance of personal responsibility in health matters. Mr. Smith identified two significant epidemics currently affecting the world: one related to A.I.D.S. and the other related to fear, or ""Afraids,"" regarding the disease. He urged individuals to share responsible information to foster awareness and reduce the spread of A.I.D.S. He pointed out that A.I.D.S. is preventable through knowledge of safe practices, particularly relating to the avoidance of sharing needles and ensuring that bodily fluids do not enter one's body from others. At the time of the meeting, New Zealand had recorded 51 cases of A.I.D.S. and 268 cases of human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.), many of which could be unreported. The demographic most affected by the disease was young adults aged 20 to 35, a group typically considered to be at the peak of their careers. Dr. David Heaton, a consultant haematologist from the Canterbury Hospital Board, spoke on the disease's development. He noted that most individuals infected with H.I.V. are often unaware, as they may not display any symptoms immediately. He also mentioned the potential for the virus to be transmitted to infants through breastfeeding, though this was not fully established. The meeting addressed concerns regarding blood donation, indicating that individuals at risk of contracting the virus were responsibly refraining from donating blood, and all donated blood was being rigorously tested. Individuals seeking A.I.D.S. testing would be screened for antibodies rather than the virus itself, highlighting that those carrying the virus but lacking antibodies could receive a negative result in early stages of infection. Counselling was another vital topic discussed, as it plays a crucial role in changing behaviours that could lead to contracting A.I.D.S. People wishing to be tested were encouraged to approach their general practitioners, the A.I.D.S. Foundation, or the STD clinic at Christchurch Hospital for support. Ms. Sue Billing, an education officer from the Family Planning Association, encouraged broader views on sexuality, suggesting that sexual intercourse should not be viewed as the sole expression of it. She called for comprehensive education on sexuality and relationships, which would include A.I.D.S. information. The meeting closed with remarks from the Rev. Mark Vivian, the university chaplain, who urged church communities to actively work towards preventing A.I.D.S., while also supporting those diagnosed with the disease and their loved ones.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870926_2_32_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870926.2.32.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559569600
6276,28,09,1987,"A.I.D.S. Bridgehead In Drug Abusers (Press, 28 September 1987)","An editorial in the ""New Zealand Medical Journal"" published on 28 September 1987 warns that intravenous drug abusers could serve as a significant conduit for the spread of A.I.D.S. into the heterosexual community. The authors emphasise the possibility of a major epidemic, stating the limits of legal measures and the absence of a vaccine or effective treatment means education is crucial in combating the disease. Surveys within New Zealand's homosexual community show some alteration in behaviour following educational outreach on A.I.D.S., indicating the need for targeted educational programmes that reach specific groups, including teenagers, homosexual and bisexual men, prostitutes, and intravenous drug users. The editorial expresses concern that intravenous drug users might facilitate the transmission of the disease to heterosexual individuals. The future risk of A.I.D.S. among heterosexuals remains uncertain, with studies indicating that while H.I.V. (human immunodeficiency virus) can be transmitted between sexes, the risk may be lower compared to homosexual contact. The editorial discusses the ""basic reproductive rate"" of the virus, which, if below 1.0, suggests that while infections could occur among heterosexuals, the spread may not be widespread through heterosexual contact alone. Conversely, a rate above 1.0 could signal an increase in cases among heterosexuals. Evidence from African countries shows that a heterosexual epidemic is not out of the realm of possibility, as several nations face significant H.I.V. issues. Factors such as blood transfusions and unsterile needle use contribute to H.I.V. prevalence, but heterosexual transmission is also prominent. Currently, around 250 individuals in New Zealand are known to have H.I.V. antibodies, with approximately 50 reported cases of A.I.D.S. While these figures are minor compared to global counterparts, the editorial cautions against assuming that New Zealand's situation is less severe. The influx of infected individuals via immigration poses an ongoing threat, as many H.I.V. positive people may return from countries like Australia, where an estimated 50,000 individuals are already affected. The editorial calls for enhanced epidemiological surveillance and social science research focused on H.I.V. in New Zealand, pointing out inadequate systems for tracking the virus among both general and high-risk populations. It urges the Health Department and Medical Research Council to prioritise a comprehensive research strategy for A.I.D.S. to effectively understand and combat the evolving public health challenge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870928_2_160.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870928.2.160,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559742400
6275,28,09,1987,"Bid To Veto Candidates Lost (Press, 28 September 1987)","In a politically charged event at the Young Nationals conference, two members urged the party's national executive to utilise its veto power more frequently when selecting candidates. Their proposal arose following the selection of fundamentalist Christians as National candidates for the upcoming election. The remit suggested that candidates could be dismissed if they did not align with the party’s objectives or if they posed potential issues in the future. This proposal generated intense debate during the conference, with many speakers labelling it as “insidious” or “centralist.” Ultimately, the remit was overwhelmingly rejected during a vote, marking it as one of the most contentious discussions of the conference. Bruce Alabaster, a member from Papatoetoe, voiced concerns regarding the limited size of selection committees in certain electorates, suggesting that inadequate representation could lead to the nomination of unqualified candidates. Alabaster cited his own electorate, noting that a candidate not truly representative of the area had been selected in the previous election. He lamented the negative impact poor candidates could have on the party's overall image and election prospects. Alabaster specifically called out his party's candidate, Howard Martin, suggesting that many of Martin's views reflected the older demographic of the selection committee rather than the broader electorate. Martin, however, rejected accusations of being unrepresentative, asserting his commitment to Christian values and family-oriented principles. He expressed pride in his selection and pointed out that he had successfully reduced the Labour Party's majority in the previous election. In response to Alabaster's public criticisms, Martin expressed intentions to push for Alabaster’s removal from the Papatoetoe electorate committee. Martin confronted Alabaster’s stance by questioning what type of candidate he would prefer, implying that Alabaster's views were out of touch with the community's values. The clash highlighted the ongoing tensions within the party over the selection criteria for candidates, particularly regarding religious beliefs and representation. As discussions about candidate selection lingered, they also reflected broader themes of party identity and community alignment within the National Party as the election approached.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870928_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870928.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559742400
7394,29,09,1987,"A.I.D.S. Test For Migrants? (Press, 29 September 1987)","On 29 September 1987, the New Zealand Government announced that it was considering the introduction of A.I.D.S. testing for all immigrants. This decision is being explored by the director of immigration, Mr Don Bond, who noted that his department, alongside the Health Department, is involved in the discussions regarding the potential implementation of such tests. Mr Bond indicated that while the immigration department is engaged in this matter, it acknowledges its limited medical expertise in A.I.D.S. The primary aim of these proposed tests is to prevent individuals with A.I.D.S. from immigrating to New Zealand in order to use the country's free medical care services. Mr Gordon Shroff, the assistant secretary for labour with responsibility for immigration, emphasised that testing for other diseases is already a prerequisite for immigrants seeking permanent or long-term residence. This existing practice is implemented for similar reasons, which include safeguarding public health and ensuring the integrity of New Zealand’s healthcare resources. Furthermore, the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee, which provides guidance to the Government on matters related to A.I.D.S. policy, is also playing a crucial role in these discussions. The committee is expected to make recommendations to the Minister of Health, Mr Caygill, after the deliberations have concluded and a decision is reached regarding the testing process.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870929_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870929.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559828800
6277,29,09,1987,"Health Department Warns On A.I.D.S. (Press, 29 September 1987)","The Health Department of New Zealand has projected that by 1996, more than 20,000 residents could be affected by A.I.D.S., highlighting the severe economic implications of this growing public health issue. In a briefing to Health Minister Mr Caygill, the department indicated that to effectively manage the rising number of cases, it would need to double its resources each year for A.I.D.S. treatment. The consequences of this epidemic, both socially and economically, could be significant for individuals, families, communities, and the nation. Currently, A.I.D.S. primarily affects sexually active homosexual males and intravenous drug users; however, the Health Department warns that the virus is likely to spread to the wider population. They emphasised that the impact of A.I.D.S. is bound to touch everyone in some way. Treatment costs for established A.I.D.S. patients range from NZ$35,000 to NZ$50,000 annually, and with the introduction of new anti-A.I.D.S. medications, this figure could rise to approximately NZ$70,000 per patient per year. Such financial demands could strain the health care system significantly. As of the report, there were 253 identified cases of A.I.D.S. antibodies in New Zealand, with 45 confirmed A.I.D.S. cases, of which 21 had resulted in death. The department noted that internationally, reported A.I.D.S. cases tend to double every year. If this pattern holds true in New Zealand, the number of cases could rise to around 500 by 1991. Minister Caygill expressed concern over the alarming estimate of 20,000 cases by 1996, acknowledging it as a potential outcome if no proactive measures are taken. He described the projection as an extrapolated risk based on current trends and highlighted the need for improved public awareness regarding A.I.D.S. transmission. He noted that initiatives like A.I.D.S. Awareness Week are part of the effort to enhance understanding and communication about the disease. In response to a query about making it easier for educators to discuss A.I.D.S. with students, Mr Caygill stated that this falls under the jurisdiction of the Minister of Justice, who oversees the Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act, thus underlining the complexities of public health policy and education regarding sensitive health issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870929_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870929.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559828800
6786,29,09,1987,"Robot Horror Story (Press, 29 September 1987)","A new film titled ""Deadly Friend,"" directed by Wes Craven, is set for release by Warner Bros in October 1987. Unlike the light-hearted film ""Short Circuit,"" ""Deadly Friend"" presents a darker narrative about the potential of computers and robots to possess human-like thoughts. The film stars Matthew Laborteaux, known for his role in ""Little House on the Prairie,"" as Paul, a boy genius who constructs a robot from scrap materials in his garage and imbues it with some cognitive abilities based on his understanding of the human brain and microcircuitry. The storyline follows Paul's infatuation with his 16-year-old neighbour, played by Kristy Swanson, who suffers a severe injury caused by her alcoholic father. In a desperate attempt to save her life, Paul uses his scientific knowledge, which leads to a series of frightening and mysterious murders in their quiet college town. ""Deadly Friend"" has a runtime of 91 minutes and is rated M. Additionally, Warners will release ""Exposed,"" a thriller by James Toback, featuring Nastassia Kinski and Rudolf Nureyev. Kinski portrays a 19-year-old student from Wisconsin who moves to New York to pursue a modelling career. She becomes romantically involved with Nureyev's character, an international terrorist seeking revenge. The film runs for 96 minutes and is also rated M. Two films related to the works of Agatha Christie are anticipated as well. ""Dead Man's Folly,"" released in 1985, stars Peter Ustinov as the famous detective Hercule Poirot, who investigates a murder game that turns deadly at an English manor. Supporting cast members include Tim Piggott-Smith, Susan Woolridge, and Jean Stapleton. The second film, titled ""Agatha,"" is not based on her fiction but on her life during the time of her mysterious 11-day disappearance in 1926. Vanessa Redgrave stars as Christie, while Dustin Hoffman plays an American journalist attempting to uncover her whereabouts. ""Agatha"" also has a 91-minute runtime. Lastly, the film ""Windows,"" which features Talia Shire and Joseph Cortese, has been shrouded in secrecy during production due to its unconventional plot. The story centres on Emily, played by Shire, who befriends a woman unaware of her disturbing nature as a homicidal lesbian. Cortese portrays a detective who is not only pursuing the killer but also finds himself falling for Emily, who is at risk of becoming the next victim. Warners is also set to release a collection of martial arts films, including ""Legendary Weapons of Kung Fu,"" ""Invincible Pole Fighter,"" ""Shaolin Temple,"" and Bruce Lee's classic ""Enter the Dragon.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870929_2_126_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870929.2.126.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559828800
7480,30,09,1987,"Coin-slot Condoms (Press, 30 September 1987)","On 30 September 1987, it was reported that Victoria University in Wellington has installed three condom-vending machines in its Student Union building, according to the university's Students' Association. Mr Andrew Little, the student president, highlighted that the initiative aims to promote safe sex among the university's sexually active student body. He noted that students are becoming more aware of the importance of preventing sexually transmitted diseases, and the availability of contraceptives on campus will support this effort. The vending machines, which dispense products approved by the Health Department, have been placed in both men's and women's toilets. Mr Little also expressed the association's intent to advocate for the installation of similar machines at additional locations within the university.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870930_2_125.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870930.2.125,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559915200
7525,30,09,1987,"Regular Checks For A.i.d.s. At Base (Press, 30 September 1987)","On 30 September 1987, United States authorities confirmed that all naval personnel stationed at the Antarctic Support Force base in Christchurch undergo regular screenings for HIV/AIDS. This announcement came in response to claims made by Mr Larry Ross, secretary of the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone Committee, who suggested that preventing warship visits could help stop the spread of AIDS. Ross argued that American Navy personnel were inadvertently contributing to the transmission of the disease, a viewpoint rejected by U.S. officials. At the Harewood base, all officers and enlisted personnel who changed stations or were temporarily assigned were mandated to have HIV tests that had to return negative results within a six-month timeframe. Those who were transferred from international postings were also required to undergo similar testing. Additionally, the spouses of Antarctic support programme staff were tested, while civilian staff members were given the choice to participate in the screenings, which most chose to accept. All naval personnel received HIV/AIDS tests as part of their annual medical examinations. Furthermore, the United States military had implemented a comprehensive AIDS screening programme across both domestic and overseas personnel, initiated by the Defence Department. The State Department acknowledged that some U.S. military personnel may have been exposed to the virus, attributing this to its prevalence in the general population. To mitigate the risk of spreading AIDS within the military and externally, the Defence Department introduced measures to identify personnel who had encountered the virus, ensuring they do not serve in foreign assignments. Additionally, all applicants seeking military service are screened for AIDS, with those exposed to the virus being disqualified from acceptance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19870930_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870930.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,559915200
6278,02,10,1987,"Mr Palmer Rules Out Condoms For Prisoners (Press, 2 October 1987)","On 2 October 1987, New Zealand’s Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, announced that condoms would not be provided to inmates in New Zealand jails, despite concerns regarding the potential spread of A.I.D.S. in prisons. Mr Palmer acknowledged that A.I.D.S. cases were expected in New Zealand prisons, as evidenced by experiences from overseas, and that there were contingency plans in place for treatment and isolation should any cases arise. However, he firmly stated that prisons were not environments where sexual activity should take place, insisting that any such activity would be illicit. Mr Palmer emphasised the government’s stance against alcohol and drug use in prisons, underscoring the efforts made to discourage homosexual activity with explicit warnings issued to inmates about its dangers. He argued that the provision of condoms would not be appropriate, as it could inadvertently condone sexual behaviour among prisoners. He claimed that the absence of reported A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand prisons so far indicated that the situation was not as dire as abroad. Opposition justice spokesman Mr Paul East responded critically to Mr Palmer’s declaration, arguing that further study was necessary before ruling out condom distribution. He pointed out that A.I.D.S. could spread rapidly among inmates and subsequently into the wider community upon their release. Mr East highlighted the inconsistency in government policy, questioning why clean needles were provided to drug addicts for the A.I.D.S. prevention while prisoners were denied access to condoms. Mr Palmer countered this by claiming that the circumstances surrounding needles and condoms were not comparable; he asserted that providing condoms would incite undesirable behaviours rather than protect health. The debate underscored the complexities faced by the Justice Department in addressing health concerns within the prison system, as well as the ongoing challenge of managing sexual behaviour and public health amidst rising fears surrounding the A.I.D.S. epidemic. Mr East called for a more thorough investigation into the prevalence of both A.I.D.S. and homosexual activity in New Zealand prisons before finalising any prohibitions on condom access.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871002_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871002.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,560088000
6279,03,10,1987,"Bill Of Rights Would ‘politicise’ Judiciary (Press, 3 October 1987)","At the 1987 Law Conference in Christchurch, Dr Bill Hodge, a senior law lecturer at the University of Auckland, expressed concerns over the proposal to introduce a New Zealand Bill of Rights. He argued that such a Bill could politicise the judiciary, lead to increased litigation, and expand the legal profession unnecessarily, possibly turning significant political and moral issues into court cases. Dr Hodge asserted that New Zealand's civil and political rights were already adequately safeguarded by the current legal and political framework, which includes institutions like the Human Rights Commission and the Ombudsman. He expressed his inability to support the introduction of a Bill of Rights, stating that his feelings were more of misgivings rather than outright hostility. Dr Hodge highlighted that New Zealand's democratic system allows individuals to address grievances directly with their members of Parliament, a contrast to countries like the United States, which, despite having a Bill of Rights, still maintains capital punishment in many states. He identified the pressing need for prioritising human rights within the context of social justice and economic equality, cautioning against viewing civil and political rights simply as tools to protect economic freedoms. He noted the risk that these rights could become irrelevant for families struggling to make ends meet. In contrast, Mr Justice Jeffries at the seminar argued that opposition to the proposed Bill of Rights reflected a broader reluctance for change amidst New Zealand’s long history of stable development. He suggested that complacency from over 150 years of uninterrupted peace might hinder substantial progress in strengthening personal freedoms. He pointed out that New Zealand's lack of a written constitution, unicameral legislative body, and a questionable voting system made it stand out among democratic nations, indicating a need for reform. Mr Justice Jeffries called attention to the fragility of New Zealand's democratic institutions, warning that the freedom of speech could be jeopardised without proper safeguards. He questioned why communities in New Zealand and Australia felt exempt from the global trend of adopting Bills of Rights when similar values were shared with other societies. He highlighted the Bill's potential to educate the public on the importance of prioritising legal frameworks and mentioned that the concerns about politicising the judiciary were separate from the subject of judicial review of a constitutional document. Both speakers acknowledged the importance of justice in New Zealand's future, urging citizens to have faith in the potential for moderate constitutional reforms to preserve stability and fairness in the legal system. The discussions reflected a critical consideration of how best to protect rights while fostering necessary social evolution.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871003_2_51.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871003.2.51,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,560174400
6280,03,10,1987,"Right-wing Evangelist In Presidential Race (Press, 3 October 1987)","On 3 October 1987, Pat Robertson, a television evangelist known for his conservative views and strong religious following, announced his candidacy for the Republican Presidential nomination in New York. He made his declaration in a Brooklyn slum where he had briefly lived during his youth, drawing mixed reactions from a crowd of supporters and protesters. While he was cheered by approximately 120 supporters who had come from across the country, he faced significant opposition from around 50 demonstrators, including homosexual activists and anti-fundamentalists, who shouted slogans against him. Robertson's speech, which was initially planned to be 18 pages long, was condensed to just 10 minutes due to the disturbances. The atmosphere was charged, with protesters yelling phrases like ""Go home"" and displaying signs with messages such as ""Hitler in 1939, Robertson in 1987"". The objections from demonstrators included concerns over his controversial remarks suggesting that the civil rights of homosexuals could be overlooked in efforts to combat the AIDs crisis. At 57 years old, Robertson emerged as an unpredictable candidate in the Republican race, gaining popularity amongst fundamentalist Christians. His campaign gained traction, having already polled ahead of established Republican frontrunner George Bush in several surveys. Party strategists remained unsure about the implications of his candidacy on the race to succeed Ronald Reagan. Robertson's choice of location for the announcement was significant; he revisited 33 Monroe Street in Bedford-Stuyvesant, recalling his time there in 1961 before moving to Virginia, where he would later establish the successful Christian Broadcasting Company and his well-known show, The 700 Club. Despite anticipating a warm welcome, Robertson was met with protests that included various placards targeting him personally. He attempted to address the heckling by proclaiming, “I offer myself as a candidate who doesn’t mind taking risks.” His recent performance in local Republican votes had been impressive, particularly in Iowa, where he significantly outperformed both Bush and Senator Robert Dole in a recent poll. He also secured notable support in Michigan during earlier primary elections, indicating his potential influence on the party's direction heading into the 1988 Republican national convention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871003_2_72_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871003.2.72.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,560174400
6281,05,10,1987,"A.I.D.S. ‘biggest Challenge Yet To Human Rights... (Press, 5 October 1987)","Professor Margaret Somerville from McGill University addressed delegates at the Law Conference in Christchurch on 5 October 1987, stating that A.I.D.S. represents a significant challenge to human rights law. Somerville emphasised the need for lawyers to respond thoughtfully to the A.I.D.S. crisis rather than react impulsively. She cautioned against laws aimed at holding irresponsible individuals accountable, warning that such laws could unintentionally stigmatise and alienate responsible individuals, thereby undermining their rights. She expressed hope for a willingness to embrace some level of risk in order to safeguard human rights. Mr. Paul East, the Opposition spokesperson on justice, highlighted the political pressures to take action against A.I.D.S., regardless of the effectiveness of such measures. He argued that, since A.I.D.S. is primarily transmitted through sexual activity and intravenous drug use, it is crucial for the Government to promote behavioural change in these high-risk sectors. East drew a parallel between public health campaigns for lung cancer, which encourage individuals to quit smoking, and the need to advise people to limit their sexual partners to combat A.I.D.S. East also took issue with the Justice Minister, Mr. Palmer, for not allowing condoms to be accessible to prison inmates, asserting that it is essential to acknowledge that homosexual activity occurs in prisons. He warned that allowing A.I.D.S. to develop in prisons poses a risk to the wider community once inmates are released. Dr. Charles Farthing, an A.I.D.S. clinic director at St Stephen’s Hospital in London, spoke on the moral obligation of society to prevent the spread of A.I.D.S. He asserted that educational efforts should start at puberty, with comprehensive discussions about sex and associated risks. Farthing argued for the widespread availability and advertising of condoms, advocating for a more compassionate societal approach towards those affected by A.I.D.S. He strongly stated that condemning those with sexually transmitted diseases as ‘sinners’ is misplaced, asserting instead that those who lack compassion for A.I.D.S. sufferers are the greater sinners. Overall, discussions from the Christchurch conference centred on the balance between public health measures and the protection of individual rights, the necessity for effective communication of risks, and the importance of compassion in addressing the A.I.D.S. epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871005_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871005.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,560347200
6972,06,10,1987,"Good Guys And Bad Guys Make Screen Mayhem (Press, 6 October 1987)","""Armed and Dangerous"" is a comedy film that parodies private security firms similar to how ""Police Academy"" tackled police work. In a key scene, security officer Frank Dooley, portrayed by John Candy, delivers a deadpan speech reminiscent of classic John Wayne films, emphasising the battle between good and evil, while ironically dressed in a dress and blonde wig. His partner, a character played by Eugene Levy, is notably inept, which provides comedic contrast as they navigate their chaotic world. Co-written by Harold Ramis and Peter Torokvei, whose past credits include hits like ""Ghostbusters"" and ""National Lampoon’s Animal House,"" the film maintains a lighthearted tone throughout its 84-minute runtime. However, it does not shy away from serious themes, as the narrative reveals that the private security firm Guard Dog Security is controlled by the Mob, while also highlighting corruption within the police force. The plot unfolds when Dooley, a nine-year police veteran, accidentally discovers his corrupt colleagues stealing televisions and subsequently finds himself framed for their crime. He teams up with Kane, a lawyer whose incompetence leads to humorous situations. As they confront the criminal elements in their city, the film includes clever chase sequences and comical costumes, such as a motorcyclist outfit that Dooley wears for a climactic, action-packed showdown. The film is noted for its blend of comedy and action, peppered with exaggerated elements and a critique of the realities of private security and law enforcement. ""Armed and Dangerous,"" released by RCA, Columbia, and Hoyts and rated M, is described as a well-paced, entertaining film with occasional coarse language, underlining its intention to amuse while addressing serious subjects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871006_2_97_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871006.2.97.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,560433600
6787,09,10,1987,"Christchurch Actress’s Colourful Career (Press, 9 October 1987)","Elizabeth Moody, a prominent New Zealand actress known for having roles specifically created for her by leading playwrights, reflects on her vibrant career in an extended feature on ""Kaleidoscope"" airing on 9 October 1987. Since her early days in kindergarten, where she portrayed the bad fairy, Moody has taken on a variety of roles in Christchurch and across the country. Notably, this year playwright Roger Hall crafted the character of Agnes for her in his latest production, ""The Share Club."" Moody's connection with the theatre community runs deep, as Bruce Mason wrote a role specifically for her in his final play, “Blood of the Lamb,” before his death in 1980. She played Henry Higginson, the male partner in a lesbian relationship, in a play commissioned for the opening of a studio at the Court Theatre in Christchurch. The theatre holds special significance for her as her family contributed significantly to its founding 15 years earlier. Among her memorable performances at the Court Theatre is Lady Bracknell in ""The Importance of Being Earnest."" Currently, she is portraying Martha in Edward Albee's ""Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?"", a role previously inhabited by Elizabeth Taylor in the film adaptation. Elric Hooper, the artistic director at the Court Theatre, commends Moody for her versatility and outstanding comedic talent. She gained national recognition through her role in ""Road Show,"" a theatre tour that lasted six months in 1983. Moody has also showcased her personality and sharp humour on television, particularly as a panellist on the shows ""Beauty and the Beast"" and ""Antiques for Love or Money,"" where she provided a distinctive, humorous perspective. In her latest television drama ""The Fire-Raiser,"" Moody plays a powerful character, Mrs Marwick, and in her discussion on ""Kaleidoscope,"" she shares her thoughts on the local theatre scene. Moody expresses worries about the direction of New Zealand theatre, particularly regarding the divisive influence of militant feminism within the community. Through her reflections, she highlights both her commitment to her craft and the challenges faced by the theatre industry in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871009_2_98_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871009.2.98.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,560692800
7481,09,10,1987,"Exchange Drug Needles To Stop A.I.D.S. Spread? (Press, 9 October 1987)","On 9 October 1987, the Social Services Select Committee of the New Zealand Parliament was presented with submissions regarding the Misuse of Drugs Amendment Bill, which aims to permit drug users to legally acquire clean needles and syringes as a preventive measure against A.I.D.S. Dr Geoffrey Robinson from the Wellington Alcohol and Drug Centre noted that many drug users share needles out of necessity rather than habit, raising concerns about the potential spread of contamination. He proposed that a needle exchange scheme should be implemented, where users would be required to exchange their used needles for clean ones to minimise the risk of infected equipment circulating. Gary McGrath, a spokesman for the New Zealand I.V. League, expressed worries that such exchange locations could be subjected to police surveillance, making drug users reluctant to seek help in environments where their anonymity might be compromised. He explained that drug users typically shun formal drug centres, as only a small percentage would benefit from such facilities. He suggested that pharmacies represented a more feasible public service option for implementing needle exchanges. Both Dr Robinson and Mr McGrath agreed that any needle exchange initiative should be paired with education and counselling efforts aimed at reducing H.I.V. transmission and encouraging treatment for drug dependency. They pointed to successful anonymous exchange programmes in countries like the Netherlands, Australia, and Britain, which have resulted in drug users seeking additional support and advice. McGrath proposed including educational materials about safe sex along with the syringes, and providing resources such as the A.I.D.S. Foundation hotline and contact information for the I.V. League. The statistics presented revealed that only about 10 per cent of drug users in New Zealand could be classified as addicts, while the majority—up to 25,000 individuals—were occasional or recreational users. He pointed out that habitual users generally own their syringes, placing the larger group, which includes casual users, at a higher risk of disease transmission from shared needles. He also noted a worrying trend of increasing hard-core users in rural regions due to the relocation of home drug manufacturing operations away from urban areas, citing a local survey that uncovered 25 homebake operations in a small town of 3,000 people within a single month.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871009_2_147.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871009.2.147,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,560692800
7395,13,10,1987,"Racial Tension, A.I.D.S., Crime All In Day's Work... (Press, 13 October 1987)","In October 1987, Rev. Michael Bollings, a Catholic priest from London, visited Christchurch, New Zealand, for a lecture series. He is known for his significant community engagement in challenging areas of London, particularly in Brixton, Southall, and Bayswater. Bollings has a notable background, being related to the Duke of Norfolk and educated at Oxford and Sandhurst. Instead of pursuing a traditional ecclesiastical career, he has immersed himself in grassroots work, focusing on writing, spiritual support, and community building. During his time in Christchurch, Bollings led a retreat for parish priests and shared insights on community cohesion and the rituals surrounding death. He has written multiple books aimed at laypeople, addressing themes of prayer, spirituality, and mourning. Despite facing health challenges such as arthritis, he remains an active figure in media discussions, including a live talkback show on A.I.D.S. in Auckland and regular appearances on London television and radio. Bollings has been heavily involved in promoting ecumenism and interfaith dialogue, having collaborated with numerous religious leaders during his work in Southall and Bayswater. His parish, St Mary of the Angels, is diverse, reflecting London’s multicultural character, with children from various linguistic backgrounds preparing for local cultural events, such as the Notting Hill Carnival. He acknowledges the community's challenges, including crime and racial tension, frequently exacerbated by socioeconomic disparities. In response to rising crime and drug-related issues, Bollings has chaired a committee consisting of local authorities, police representatives, community leaders, and residents to discuss concerns and enhance community relations. While acknowledging local tensions, Bollings is optimistic about collaborative efforts that have led to reductions in crime in the area. Bollings has noted that the parish struggles with a high A.I.D.S. rate, being a hub for the gay community, and has established supportive initiatives for those affected by the disease. He offers a space for A.I.D.S. patients to meet and receive support, alongside plans for a hospice for terminal care. Despite the urban challenges, Bollings appreciates his role within the community over a traditional hierarchical clerical position. He sees value in being accessible and connected to residents, allowing him the freedom to engage directly with those in need. His work embodies a commitment to fostering understanding, compassion, and resilience within his urban parish, positioning him as a vital figure in tackling both spiritual and social issues in London’s inner city. This visit to New Zealand illustrates his broader mission of sharing knowledge on community building and addressing life's significant challenges, embodying the spirit of a modern-day cleric deeply rooted in the realities of society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871013_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871013.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561038400
7396,13,10,1987,"Theatre Group With Tragic Edge (Press, 13 October 1987)","A new theatre group in New York, comprising actors who are either suffering from A.I.D.S. or the related complex (A.1.D.5.), seeks to express the realities faced by those living with the disease. Directed by Seth Glassman, a former drama instructor, the group creates its own scripts based on personal experiences, rather than relying on works by healthy playwrights. This approach aims to provide a genuine reflection of the emotions and struggles encountered by A.I.D.S. sufferers. Due to the unpredictable health of its members, the cast continually changes, which necessitates an adaptive approach to performances. Glassman emphasised the need for flexibility in rehearsals, especially when actors miss sessions due to hospitalisation. The group, an extension of the Gay Men’s Health Crisis organisation, has grown in popularity, making it easier to find replacements for absent actors. The impact of A.I.D.S. has been prominent in American theatre, with notable plays addressing the issue, such as ""As Is"" and ""The Normal Heart."" Many renowned figures in the performing arts, including Rock Hudson and Michael Bennett, have fallen victim to the disease. The People With A.I.D.S. Project uses improvisation to develop scripts that capture the devastating emotional effects of the condition on individuals. Recent improvisations have included poignant reflections on relationships and the harsh realities of medical care, illustrating a spectrum of experiences, from hospital conditions to the moment of diagnosis. One recalled the chilling words of a doctor as he was informed of his A.I.D.S. diagnosis, detailing various associated health issues that commonly afflict patients. Beyond artistic expression, the group's aim is to empower its members, combating feelings of helplessness associated with their illness. Nick Pippin, an actor within the group, noted that while the ensemble is not meant to offer counselling, it serves as a therapeutic outlet, allowing participants to channel their outrage and despair into creativity. Performances aim to include elements of joy and humour, showcasing the full spectrum of life for individuals affected by A.I.D.S., which often gets overshadowed by the surrounding negativity. Currently, they are developing a comic mini-musical titled “A Virus Line,” inspired by Bennett’s “A Chorus Line.” Glassman maintains his teaching philosophy remains consistent regardless of the actors’ health status; he values the intense and vibrant life experiences portrayed by the members, seeing their unique narratives as crucial to the collective expression of A.I.D.S. awareness. The project stands as a testament not only to the struggles of those living with the disease but also to their resilience and creativity in the face of adversity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871013_2_166.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871013.2.166,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561038400
6283,14,10,1987,"‘Gay’ Group Declines Meeting (Press, 14 October 1987)","Wellington, New Zealand, will not host the International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA) conference in 1988 due to concerns over the potential attendance of the Gay Association of South Africa. A spokesman for the New Zealand Gay Task Force, Mr Bill Logan, stated that while the invitation to host the event was extended to New Zealand at the previous annual conference, the task force decided to decline the offer. The decision was largely motivated by the implications of having a South African organisation present, which Mr Logan described as a ""grave insult"" to both Māori people and black gays in South Africa. He emphasised that welcoming the South African group would contradict the international campaign for human rights in South Africa, particularly given the apartheid context of the time. Logan also expressed that this situation could potentially fracture the homosexual and lesbian movement in New Zealand, asserting that a unified stance against oppression was crucial. ""The vast majority of the gay and lesbian movement understand the need for all oppressed groups to stand together against oppression,"" he remarked. The decision reflects a broader concern within the LGBTQ+ community about international solidarity and the intersections of race, sexuality, and human rights, illustrating the complexities involved in organising events that involve diverse participants from different geopolitical backgrounds.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871014_2_124.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871014.2.124,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561124800
6284,14,10,1987,"Book Relates A.I.D.S. Version Of ‘typhoid... (Press, 14 October 1987)","A new book, ""And the Band Played On — Politics, People and the A.I.D.S. Epidemic,"" by journalist Randy Shilts, details the story of Gaetan Dugas, a Canadian airline steward who is alleged to have infected at least 40 of the first 250 men diagnosed with AIDS in the United States. Dugas, often referred to as Patient Zero, was noted for his sexually promiscuous behaviour, and reportedly informed his partners post-coitus that they could now be at risk for the disease. Research from the US Centres for Disease Control (CDC) in April 1982 indicated that Dugas had sexual encounters with many men, creating a map of his liaisons that spread across North America. Despite this knowledge, he continued to engage in sexual activities in gay bathhouses in San Francisco. Dugas, who died in 1984 after contracting the disease in 1981 during sexual relations in Europe, is estimated to have had encounters with around 250 men annually. Shilts quotes Dugas as telling a doctor, “Somebody gave this thing to me. I’m not going to give up sex,” highlighting his disregard for the potential consequences of his actions. Dugas reportedly taunted his sexual partners with references to visible symptoms of the disease, reinforcing the stigma surrounding it. Shilts' narrative not only chronicles Dugas’s personal story but also critiques the broader context of the AIDS epidemic in America. He asserts that the disease was not adequately addressed by government and health officials, positing that systemic issues—including budget concerns and political squabbling—prevented effective action and funding to combat the crisis. Shilts points to the apathy of the federal government, which he claims viewed AIDS as a financial issue rather than a public health emergency. He highlights that the Reagan administration’s inaction may be remembered historically for allowing AIDS to proliferate unchecked. From 1980 to 1985, the author characterises the United States' response to the AIDS epidemic as having been mismanaged across various sectors—government, public health officials, and the media. Each entity underestimated the severity and scope of the disease, leading to a situation where AIDS was seen primarily as a problem affecting the gay community, rather than a broader health crisis. This lack of recognition, according to Shilts, contributed to the rapid and devastating spread of the disease during its formative years in America.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871014_2_132_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871014.2.132.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561124800
6282,14,10,1987,"Virus Development ‘surprising’ (Press, 14 October 1987)","A report published in the ""Washington Post"" on 14 October 1987 has revealed that individuals may carry the A.I.D.S. virus for up to 14 months without detectable antibodies, significantly exceeding prior estimates. Previously, it was believed that antibodies would typically develop within three to 12 weeks after infection. This new finding stems from a study involving sexually active homosexual men conducted by researchers from the National Cancer Institute and Finland, which was published in the British medical journal ""Lancet."" Genoveffa Franchini, a researcher from the National Cancer Institute and one of the study's authors, expressed surprise at the results. She remarked that the extended period before antibodies develop indicates a longer timeframe for infection than had been previously understood. However, Franchini noted that the study does not clarify how long individuals remain infected before the virus becomes detectable through tests. The implications of the findings suggest that many individuals who tested negative for A.I.D.S. antibodies over the past two years may have received misleading results. A.I.D.S., or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, severely compromises the immune system, making the body vulnerable to various diseases and infections. It is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.), which is transmitted through close contact with the blood and semen of infected individuals. Existing blood tests can reveal whether a person has developed antibodies against the virus and indicate if they were infected at some point, but they do not determine if the person is currently infected, has A.I.D.S., or will develop the disease in the future. The study employed an antigen test to detect specific proteins produced by the A.I.D.S. virus, successfully identifying infection as much as 14 months before antibodies appeared. Franchini mentioned that several critical questions remain unanswered, including the sexual behaviour of the study participants and other factors contributing to their infections. She highlighted the need for developing a test to quantify the viral load required to infect cells, emphasising that the full implications of the research are still uncertain. The report did not disclose the size of the study or when it was conducted.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871014_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871014.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561124800
6285,15,10,1987,"Many Writers (Press, 15 October 1987)","Next year’s Writers and Readers Week, set to take place from 16 to 20 March 1988, promises an array of discussions and readings featuring both local and international writers. A noteworthy participation from New Zealand includes sixteen esteemed poets, playwrights, and authors, such as Lauris Edmond, Maurice Gee, and Patricia Grace. Among the highlights, there will be a special evening dedicated to readings by Māori authors and a panel focused on the New Zealand short story. Margaret Drabble is expected to be the star attraction among the overseas writers, particularly following the publication of her tenth novel, ""The Radiant Way,"" earlier in 1987. Drabble will engage in a panel discussion titled ""Literature as Social Comment"" and hold a dedicated hour to talk about her work. Kazuo Ishiguro, who has gained recognition in England for his novels ""A Pale View of Hills"" (1982) and ""An Artist of the Floating World"" (1986), will participate alongside Drabble in the panel discussion ""Leaving Home, Coming Home.” Other notable authors from the United Kingdom include Michael Holroyd, Drabble's husband and a prominent biographer, and Robert McCrum, the editorial director of Faber and Faber, known for his novels and extensive work on the English language. From India, Nissim Ezekiel, a poet, critic, editor, and academic, will be part of the panel discussion titled ""A Question of Language,"" alongside Charles Mungoshi from Zimbabwe, who writes in English and his native Shona, and Tongan poet Konai Helu Thaman. Canadian poet and novelist Michael Ondaatje, who was born in Ceylon and has authored a book on Buddy Bolden, will also join Holroyd and others in discussing ""The Real Truth,"" as well as participating in the ""Leaving Home, Coming Home"" discussion. American writer Edmund White, known for his exploration of homosexual themes, will be part of the “Literature as Social Comment” panel. Additionally, talented German novelist Gerhard Kopf, already featuring on bestseller lists in Germany, will participate in the week's events. Opening the festival will be Keri Hulme, on the first day. The week will comprise a rich programme of group discussions, individual talks by writers, readings, and book launches, creating a vibrant atmosphere for literature enthusiasts. The full list of New Zealand authors participating includes Gill Boddy, Lauris Edmond, Maurice Gee, Michael Gifkins, Patricia Grace, Roger Hall, Fiona Kidman, Michael King, Rachel McAlpine, Sue McCauley, Greg McGee, Phillip Mann, Owen Marshall, Vincent O'Sullivan, Renee, and Ian Wedde.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871015_2_162_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871015.2.162.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561211200
6286,19,10,1987,"Blackmailer Jailed For 4 1/4 Years (Press, 19 October 1987)","On 19 October 1987, Darryl Herbert Buis, a 20-year-old unemployed man from Henderson, was sentenced to four years and three months in prison after being convicted of extorting a man he met in a sauna. This was Buis’ third conviction for blackmailing homosexual individuals. During the trial at the High Court in Auckland, defence counsel Roger Chambers outlined the events leading to Buis' arrest, detailing that Buis met the victim at the Auckland Tepid Baths after a weightlifting session. Buis claimed that the man made sexual advances towards him, which he rejected. In a bid to avoid calling the centre manager, Buis alleged that the man offered to do ""anything to redress the situation."" The situation escalated and Buis was ultimately arrested when the two met at the complainant's office for the money exchange. During the confrontation, he assaulted a police officer, further complicating his legal troubles. The Crown prosecutor, Aaron Perkins, sought to keep the victim's identity confidential, a request that was approved by Justice Henry, who described the crime as having “a familiar ring to it”. Justice Henry condemned Buis' actions, labelling the extortion of individuals by threatening to expose their sexual conduct as ""despicable"". As a result of his actions, Buis received a four-year sentence for the extortion charge, with an additional three months for assaulting a constable. These sentences were to run consecutively. Buis was also given concurrent sentences: three months for possessing a pipe used for smoking cannabis and one month for resisting arrest.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871019_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871019.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561556800
7397,20,10,1987,"A.I.D.S. Care Mooted As Basis For Church Order (Press, 20 October 1987)","On 20 October 1987, Father Jim Lyons, the Catholic communications director, highlighted the potential emergence of a new religious order in response to the A.I.D.S. crisis. He indicated that the Catholic Church is exploring innovative ways to assist people affected by this health issue, especially as the responsibility for care has increasingly shifted from religious organisations to government institutions. Father Lyons expressed that providing care for A.I.D.S. patients represents a significant new need within society and that this work would include a spiritual element, as the disease impacts not only the physical health of individuals but also their overall perspective on life. The inspiration for this initiative came from the effective efforts of a religious order in San Francisco, which is grappling with a severe A.I.D.S. epidemic. Sister Helen Farrelly of the Sisters of Compassion supported the concept, suggesting that their organisation, which operates the Home of Compassion for the terminally ill, is open to extending its services to A.I.D.S. victims. She acknowledged that while it is premature to gauge the full extent of the problem, the Sisters are prepared to respond to the needs of these individuals, recognising them as among the most vulnerable in society. Warren Lindberg, the director of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, noted that although there had been no discussions with the Church on this topic, he saw parallels between the care for A.I.D.S. patients and that of individuals suffering from other life-threatening conditions. He pointed out that there could be a role for the Church in providing care to patients who prefer religious support in their treatment. Thus, the Catholic Church is contemplating a more substantial role in addressing the pressing issues related to A.I.D.S. within the community, to provide both practical and spiritual care to those in need.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871020_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871020.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561643200
6788,20,10,1987,"Women Unhappy With Men (Press, 20 October 1987)","Shere Hite, a prominent figure in feminist sexual research, held a press conference in New Zealand to promote her latest study, “Women and Love: A Cultural Revolution in Progress.” In this new work, which is the final volume in the Hite Report trilogy, Hite surveyed 4,500 women, revealing troubling statistics about emotional dissatisfaction in love relationships. According to Hite, 84 per cent of respondents expressed overall dissatisfaction, while an astounding 95 per cent reported experiencing emotional or psychological harassment in their relationships with men. Despite the grim findings, Hite maintained a personal belief in love and optimism for women seeking fulfilling relationships. She noted that while there is considerable dissatisfaction, the current climate for women’s self-definition and defence in relationships has improved compared to previous decades. Hite insists that the issues women face are not due to personal failings or poor choices but are rooted in a patriarchal culture that perpetuates harmful stereotypes and treatment of women by men. She asserted that the majority of men hold these anti-women stereotypes, leading to a systemic problem that requires change from within. The study not only examines heterosexual relationships but also includes perspectives from lesbian respondents, with Hite reporting that 96 per cent of these women felt loved and treated as equals. Remarkably, 24 per cent of the surveyed lesbians had entered a same-sex relationship for the first time after the age of 40. Hite’s methodology, which has faced criticism for being unscientific, involved a diverse sample of women, including various racial and educational backgrounds. Critics argued that only those who are dissatisfied are likely to fill out surveys, but Hite defended her approach as a careful and significant attempt to capture women’s voices. At the press conference, Richard Halgin, a clinical psychologist, acknowledged that while he felt somewhat targeted by Hite's findings, he still found the book informative. Many women surveyed voiced feelings of frustration regarding their partners' inability to communicate openly about feelings, with some indicating that men often respond in condescending ways or become emotionally distant. A significant proportion of women—about 70 per cent—who had been married for five years or more admitted to having extramarital affairs, despite a belief in monogamy as an ideal. Hite expressed hope in the evolving attitude of women, who are increasingly willing to leave unsatisfactory situations rather than endure relationships devoid of dignity. Overall, Hite’s findings underscore significant discontent among women relating to men, while also highlighting a growing awareness and willingness among women to seek genuine love and respect in their relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871020_2_73_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871020.2.73.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561643200
7482,21,10,1987,"Painters And Dockers (Press, 21 October 1987)","On 21 October 1987, a review by Glen Perkinson highlighted the performance of the band Painters and Dockers at the Gladstone Tavern on 2 October. The band, which shares its name with a militant Melbourne union, presents a unique style dubbed Ocker rock. Their music combines a raw and raucous energy, and they recently gained attention for their video clip ""Nude School,"" which features the band in wild and bizarre settings, reflecting their Antipodean origins. The review describes the band’s live performance as loud and energetic, captivating an audience of approximately 200. They kicked off the concert with ""Kill, Kill, Kill,"" establishing their rock and roll authenticity from the start. Following this opener, they played a song titled ""Bad,"" which was a sarcastic homage to Michael Jackson. The set continued with high-octane tracks like ""Revolution Rock,"" ""Out of my Mind,"" and a cover of Graham Parker’s ""Pull Me Off (My Silly Pedestal)."" The reviewer noted that Painters and Dockers seemed heavily influenced by the American punk band The Ramones, particularly when they performed ""Rock and Roll Radio,"" further affirming this connection. In a nod to contemporary issues, the band also included a humorous yet poignant song about AIDS, promoting safe sex, which resonated well with the Gladstone audience. The crowd's enthusiasm heightened as they enjoyed the band's nihilistic twangs and lively stage antics. The review concludes with a recommendation for those with an eclectic taste in music to check out Painters and Dockers, suggesting they are worth experiencing for their unique and irreverent style.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871021_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871021.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,561729600
6288,27,10,1987,"Critic Luke Warm About A.I.D.S. Film (Press, 27 October 1987)","The New Zealand A.I.D.S. film ""A Death in the Family,"" directed by Stewart Main and Peter Wells, garnered mixed reviews from Walter Goodman of the ""New York Times."" The film, which explores the final days of A.I.D.S. victim Andrew Boyd, was described as intermittently moving but overly affected. Goodman acknowledged the film's admirable ambition and the inherently powerful subject matter, but criticised its execution, suggesting that the filmmakers' techniques transformed what should have been a deeply felt narrative into an example of arthouse pretentiousness. Goodman remarked on the strength of the film's dialogue, labelling it as ""eulogy,"" while indicating that the ultimate loss depicted was diminished to a portrayal of homosexual bonding. He noted that the film's messages were overly forceful and that the drama primarily emerged from the intrusion of Boyd's actual family. Although he pointed out that this straight family's reactions were somewhat patronising, he found that they contributed some of the more impactful moments to the film. However, he ultimately viewed the film's conclusion, which featured floral imagery, candles, and clouds, as trivialising grief. ""A Death in the Family"" is currently being shown at the Film Forum in New York, accompanied by another film by Wells, titled ""Jewel’s Dari."" This second film covers the life of a male transvestite and his girlfriend. Goodman speculated that American audiences might struggle to understand the New Zealand dialect and slang, which he suggested could be advantageous.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871027_2_201.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871027.2.201,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562244400
6287,27,10,1987,"W.h.o. Ends Smallpox And Begins A.I.D.S. Battle (Press, 27 October 1987)","A significant milestone in public health has been reached as the World Health Organisation (WHO) prepares to close its Smallpox Eradication Unit, marking the apparent eradication of smallpox, a disease that killed millions globally. The last naturally occurring case was in 1977 when a hospital cook named Ali Maow Maalin contracted the disease; he is now 33 and still working in Somalia. Prior to Maalin's case, the last known incident was in 1978 when a woman in Britain succumbed to smallpox due to a laboratory accident. Health experts estimate that smallpox, which resulted in 10 to 15 million infections annually and about two million deaths each year as recently as 1987, has been completely eliminated. The WHO's eradication efforts began in earnest in 1967. This involved an aggressive vaccination campaign, bolstered by the realisation that the disease could only be eradicated through a globally coordinated effort. The campaign was completed in ten years, nine months, and 26 days as confirmed by Dr Zdenek Jezek, head of the Smallpox Eradication Unit, following a massive vaccination initiative in response to Maalin's infection. However, concerns lingered about the possibility of the virus persisting undetected in isolated communities, leading to the continued monitoring even after certification of eradication. Unlike the smallpox virus, which could not remain hidden in a carrier, the HIV virus is more insidious and spreads through specific behaviours, diminishing tasks related to surveillance. As the unit closes, the WHO is redirecting its focus towards combating Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a significantly more complex challenge. Dr Jonathan Mann, director of the WHO’s AIDS programme, expressed that the fight against AIDS, which is expected to put more strain on resources, requires an extensive global approach due to the estimated five to ten million people currently carrying the HIV virus that leads to AIDS. The WHO anticipates that between 500,000 and three million new AIDS cases could arise by 1991, despite education campaigns and preventative measures. The organisation is working to educate communities about AIDS risks, promoting practices such as using condoms—symbolised by their campaign slogan ""Condom Power — Roll on Responsibility."" While Dr Mann remains optimistic about controlling the disease through informed behaviour, skepticism remains in the public health community regarding the feasibility of changing deeply entrenched sexual practices worldwide. Nevertheless, the WHO remains committed to using lessons learned from the smallpox eradication campaign to tackle the AIDS epidemic and hopes to shift the balance of control from the disease back to public health authorities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871027_2_136.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871027.2.136,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562244400
6289,28,10,1987,"Censor Shrugs Off Criticism (Press, 28 October 1987)","On 28 October 1987, the chief film censor in New Zealand, Mr Arthur Everard, responded to criticism from High Court Judge Mr Justice McGechan regarding the regulation of sex films. The judge challenged the censor’s viewpoint, stating that the assumption that pure sex ""can never be injurious to the public good"" was misguided. In a recent court case, the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, which had brought the action against Everard, argued that showing films with sexual content could pose risks, particularly in relation to the spread of AIDS. Justice McGechan supported this perspective, asserting that the potential dangers of AIDS should be considered when evaluating whether sex films might harm the public. However, Mr Everard maintained that evidence indicated non-violent sex films, which do not feature themes of rape, do not constitute a threat to public welfare. He noted that the risk of sexually transmitted diseases has always existed—highlighting that adults over the age of 18 should be aware of such risks, including those associated with AIDS and syphilis. One of the films involved in the controversy was titled ""Inches,"" which featured homosexual themes. Everard defended the presence of sexual content in films, arguing that instances of implied or explicit sexuality have been part of cinema for a long time, and many such films do not lead to harmful outcomes. The debate surrounding the regulation of sex films remains contentious, with health concerns like AIDS being a focal point for criticism from certain advocacy groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871028_2_24.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871028.2.24,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562330800
6290,29,10,1987,"Court Comment (Press, 29 October 1987)","In a letter to the editor published on 29 October 1987, I. Kamstra criticises comments made by Mr Justice Williamson during the sentencing of a man for indecently assaulting and sexually violating a 14-year-old boy. The judge reportedly suggested that the man's actions exemplified how individuals with homosexual tendencies aim to ""initiate"" young people. Kamstra finds this generalisation deeply troubling and argues that it is unjust to equate the actions of one individual with an entire sexual orientation. Kamstra emphasises that the case in question involves a single man's misconduct and that such behaviour should not reflect on all homosexuals. Instead, the letter points out that heterosexual individuals are more commonly implicated in sexual crimes. Kamstra poses a rhetorical question regarding whether applying the judge's reasoning to this statistical reality would imply that all heterosexuals are rapists. The letter serves to defend the homosexual community against unfair stigma and calls for a more nuanced understanding of sexual offences that avoids broad and unfounded generalisations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871029_2_72_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871029.2.72.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562417200
6789,29,10,1987,"The Nicest Brothel In England (Press, 29 October 1987)","""Personal Services,"" directed by Mike Leigh, is set to premiere at the Avon Theatre, depicting the life of a unique brothel in England known for its unexpected blend of hospitality and sexual adventures. Julie Walters stars as Christine Painter, the madam of this unconventional establishment. The character is portrayed as a complex individual, balancing romantic aspirations with a lively and irreverent sense of humour. Christine's journey begins as a waitress, struggling to make ends meet and resorting to unconventional methods to pay her rent. As she transitions from waitress to brothel owner, the suburban house becomes a haven for a diverse clientele seeking to fulfil their unusual sexual fantasies. Christine takes on the role of a ""sexual fairy godmother,"" catering to a wide array of eccentric requests. The film presents an assortment of characters that visit the brothel, including a shy Inland Revenue officer who enjoys being disciplined in a bikini, a lawyer who wishes to don a schoolboy outfit, and another client who pretends to be a lesbian dressed in a schoolgirl’s attire. Despite the peculiar nature of these requests, Christine ensures that at the end of each day, her clients can enjoy a comforting cup of tea and poached eggs on toast to rejuvenate themselves. However, the whimsical nature of the brothel is threatened as the authorities begin to crack down, leading to police raids on the establishment. The clients are taken to the police station, and Christine finds herself facing court proceedings. Nevertheless, Christine approaches her legal troubles with a sense of humour and confidence, hinting that she may have encountered the judges in a different context. The film highlights themes of societal norms, personal freedom, and the juxtaposition of everyday life with the extraordinary, all delivered with a lighthearted touch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871029_2_63_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871029.2.63.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562417200
7046,30,10,1987,"Woman Accused Of Driving Daughter To Suicide (Press, 30 October 1987)","On 30 October 1987, a jury began deliberations in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on the case of Theresa Jackson, a 40-year-old woman accused of driving her daughter to suicide through alleged mental and emotional abuse. This case is significant as Jackson is believed to be the first mother in the United States to face criminal charges related to her child's suicide. If convicted of charges that include child abuse, procuring a sexual performance by a child, and forgery, she could face up to 25 years in prison. The prosecution, led by assistant state attorney Kathleen Kearney, argued that Jackson had coerced her 17-year-old daughter, Tina Mancini, into working as a nude dancer, thus inflicting psychological harm. Kearney described Jackson's actions as an abuse of maternal influence, emphasizing that Jackson facilitated her daughter's work, drove her to and from jobs, and passively watched her perform. Kearney questioned the morality of a mother who would engage in such behaviour and profit from it. In contrast, the defence, represented by Kenneth Whitman, maintained that Jackson was an emotionally and mentally disturbed individual who struggled to control a rebellious teenager. During the trial, Jackson spoke of possessed experiences and considered exorcism, revealing her troubled psyche. Psychiatric evaluations from previous years painted a complex picture of her mental health, with diagnoses ranging from schizo-type personality disorder to histrionic personality disorder. The case was founded on tragic events that unfolded in March 1986, when Tina Mancini took her own life using her mother's firearm, a mere three months after she had left high school to pursue her work as a nude dancer. The testimony presented by the prosecution included statements from family members, including Jackson's elder son and father, whose reports to law enforcement prompted the charges, along with testimonies from Mancini's best friend and a stripper who had briefly worked with her. A Harvard psychiatrist also contributed insights in the form of a ""psychological autopsy"" to underscore the mental state leading up to Mancini's death. The defence witnesses included Jackson's best friend and her youngest child, who is Tina's half-brother, whose father had undergone a sex change operation since the events. Psychiatrists and psychologists who had treated Jackson provided varying opinions regarding her mental health, adding layers of complexity to the case. The trial lasted more than 10 days, during which these numerous testimonies and evaluations were presented, leading the jury to consider the difficult decision regarding Jackson's culpability in her daughter's tragic death.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871030_2_61_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871030.2.61.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562503600
6790,31,10,1987,"Loneliness ‘leads To Lesbianism’ (Press, 31 October 1987)","In a controversial statement made at the Australian Sports Medicine Conference in Adelaide, British sports physician Dr Malcolm Read highlighted issues faced by young female tennis and golf professionals on the touring circuit, suggesting that loneliness and societal pressures may lead many to identify as lesbians. Dr Read, who serves as the national medical co-ordinator for the British Amateur Athletics Board, pointed out that young female athletes often struggle more than their male counterparts due to societal expectations that restrict their social interactions. He noted that while male athletes might easily find companionship upon arriving in a new town, female athletes face scrutiny for similar actions, which can lead them to seek solace within lesbian communities for companionship and understanding throughout their tours. Dr Read's statements sparked discussion about the psychological challenges athletes endure, particularly women, who may feel isolated during their careers due to a lack of proper coaching regarding these emotional and social aspects. He emphasised that coaches and medical professionals need to pay more attention to the psychological wellbeing of athletes, as they often encounter significant personal challenges during and after their careers. Dr Read warned that many athletes may experience a downturn in their mental health once they peak in their performance, sometimes resulting in severe consequences, including substance abuse. His comments shed light on the need for a more holistic approach to athlete support that encompasses both physical and psychological training.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871031_2_205.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871031.2.205,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562590000
7483,31,10,1987,"Sexual Sense And Absurdities (Press, 31 October 1987)","On 31 October 1987, a review by Diane Prout appeared, highlighting four diverse books that tackle the subject of sex and relationships. The first book, ""The Modern Girl's Guide to Everything"" by Kat Cooke, is a quirky, cartoon-illustrated manual aimed at young women. It covers a wide range of topics, from identifying the right type of man to dealing with sexual harassment in the workplace. The guide includes humorous advice, such as putting prawns in the hubcaps of undesirable partners as a form of revenge and suggests creative ways to decline unwanted advances. Cooke’s writing has been described as funny and designed to appeal to teenage girls, encouraging them to adopt a more irreverent attitude toward sex. The second book, “Single File” by Sarah Murray, conveys the author's personal experiences as she navigates the dating world through singles ads. The book presents a humorous account of her correspondence with potential partners, but Prout notes it may come off as overly naive for a 27-year-old. Despite the risks associated with her approach, particularly concerning A.I.D.S., Murray eventually finds a meaningful relationship after much introspection. Dr. Elliot Philipp’s “Safe Sex” is a more straightforward and educational book focusing on sexual health. It aims to inform readers about intercourse, contraception, and the importance of prevention. The material is designed to be accessible for teenagers and young adults and includes resources such as contacts for Family Planning Associations and S.T.D. clinics in Australia and New Zealand, making it a useful guide in stark contrast to the less informative resources of previous generations. Lastly, Mary Mattis’s ""Sex And The Single Parent"" discusses the complexities faced by divorced parents who wish to re-enter the dating scene. The book features case studies and addresses emotional challenges arising from new relationships and their impact on children. It explores topics such as integration of new partners into family life and the emotional struggles that come with dating after divorce. Prout mentions that while the book offers valuable guidance, after extensive discourse, it leaves readers questioning whether the emotional turmoil is worth the effort. Overall, these books reflect diverse approaches to understanding sexuality and relationships in the context of the 1980s, each with its unique tone and perspective on the challenges and humorous aspects of love and sex.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871031_2_132_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871031.2.132.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562590000
6791,02,11,1987,"A Look At The Funnier, Cruder Side Of English Life (Press, 2 November 1987)","""Personal Services,"" directed by Terry Jones and written by David Leland, is a film that explores the life of Cynthia Payne, a renowned British madam, and presents a unique perspective on sexual attitudes in England. The film suggests that rather than caricaturing sexual behaviour with overt symbols, it embodies a more motherly and nurturing view, as epitomised by Payne herself, who famously stated that she wanted to be remembered for running ""a really nice brothel."" Cynthia gained notoriety following her conviction in 1980 for ""keeping a disorderly house."" Unlike typical brothel owners, she understood that her strength lay in understanding and catering to her clients’ needs, which primarily consisted of respectable men in their 50s seeking more than just physical companionship. Her unique services, particularly known as “after care,” involved comforting her clients with tea and conversation, making her establishment a haven for emotional solace. The film showcases a mix of British humour and music-hall antics, contrasting it with the often more serious portrayals of sexuality in American cinema. Jones incorporates comedic elements, such as the character of a former wing commander in a playful outfit, and the portrayal of Dolly, a gender-bent character who adds to the film's comedic yet poignant narrative. However, beyond the humour, ""Personal Services"" delves into the somber realities faced by these men and women. It portrays a world of emotional and sexual deprivation, suggesting that these encounters often reflect deeper psychological needs rather than mere debauchery. Payne serves as a kind-hearted figure, catering to a clientele desperate for intimacy and connection, even if expressed through unconventional means. Julie Walters delivers a standout performance as the madam, whose character in the film is renamed Christine Painter. Terry Jones, known for his work with Monty Python, adopts a more subdued and reflective tone that contrasts the levity typically associated with his previous projects. The film is based on Payne’s autobiography, ""An English Madam,"" co-written by Leland, who is praised for his nuanced screenplay. Interestingly, the film's release was delayed until after Cynthia’s second trial in 1987, which stemmed from a police raid during one of her parties. Dubbed ""Madam Cyn"" by the media, she garnered significant attention during a 13-day trial which featured sensational testimonies of the parties. Ultimately, she was acquitted, with the jury approving the “harmless fun” of her gatherings. The film concludes by highlighting the hypocrisy of British society, particularly among its judges who were once her clients. The applause in the courtroom following her acquittal reflects a societal recognition of her impact, suggesting that Payne's story could lead to an entertaining sequel. ""Personal Services"" thus captures a complex portrait of sexuality, humour, and the human need for connection amid the social mores of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871102_2_36.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871102.2.36,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,562762800
7142,09,11,1987,"View From Middle-age (Press, 9 November 1987)","In a reflective commentary, Katharine Whitehorn explores the complexities of friendships and ideological beliefs as they evolve with age. She contrasts the radical idealism of youth with the more pragmatic, self-interested mindset that often accompanies growing older. Whitehorn argues that as people mature, they may distance themselves from their once-held high principles, favouring comfort over conviction, much like trading in high heels for more practical shoes. This transition tends to obscure the moral clarity that young people often claim to possess, as idealistic arguments are replaced with a more cautious approach to social interactions. The article suggests that while younger individuals might easily categorise others into notions of 'good' and 'bad', life experiences reveal the intricate nature of human character, illustrating that someone can be admirable in one context and objectionable in another. Whitehorn provides personal anecdotes from her time at the University of St Andrews, noting how friends active in social causes could simultaneously exhibit bigoted behaviours, highlighting the contradictions present even among those she once considered allies. A particularly striking example involves a family where a mother is saintly and a father patient, yet they support the far-right National Front. This paradox illustrates the discomfort and confusion that arises when we encounter individuals who hold detestable views but display admirable qualities. Whitehorn reflects on the American perception of political opponents, quoting a saying that underscores how unfamiliarity breeds unfounded stereotypes. She cautions against the danger of associating amiable behaviour with the acceptability of harmful beliefs. Good human behaviour does not absolve or validate pernicious ideologies. Whether discussing discussions around communism or wealth disparities, Whitehorn argues that people can uphold flawed beliefs despite their personal virtues. As an example, she analyses the motivations of the Greenham Common women advocating for disarmament, asserting that while their commitment might be genuine, their methods may not be effective or universally endorsed. Ultimately, Whitehorn concludes that while friends may hold misguided views, maintaining friendships may be worthwhile despite their ideological shortcomings. She warns that ideas are not inherently responsible for the individuals who endorse them and emphasizes the importance of discerning personal qualities from political beliefs. The piece serves as a thoughtful meditation on the interplay of ideology and friendship, suggesting that human complexity often defies simple categorisation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871109_2_76_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871109.2.76.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563367600
6291,10,11,1987,"Almost Feeling Sorry For The Gov. (Press, 10 November 1987)","Evan Mecham, the controversial Governor of Arizona, is facing a potential recall that could make him only the second sitting governor in American history to be removed from office by voter action. Mecham, a right-wing religious fundamentalist, has seen his popularity plummet below 20 percent due to a series of offensive remarks and bizarre decisions since taking office in 1987. His unsuitability as governor has turned into a source of embarrassment for the state as Arizonans express a desire to restore their pride. Opponents of Mecham have already surpassed the required 217,000 valid signatures needed to initiate the recall process, leaving him in a precarious position—either resign or compete in a likely unwinnable election. His record as governor includes controversial measures such as the attempt to rescind Martin Luther King Day as a holiday and proposals to decentralise drug enforcement, all of which have garnered widespread criticism. The recall effort has been spearheaded by Ed Buck, who has become popular in direct contrast to Mecham's polarising figure. Buck's campaign started before Mecham even took office, and he has been instrumental in rallying public support against the governor. Mecham's missteps have consistently fed Buck's efforts, with the governor's outrageous comments providing slogans and ammunition for the recall campaign, such as the infamous slogan ""Pick a ninny—pick Mecham"" following his defence of a textbook description of black children. Mecham has also made a series of questionable appointments, such as a liquor licensing director implicated in a murder case and an education officer who believed in the literal truth of Creationism, further alienating the public. His tendency to blame the media for his difficulties has not helped his cause; accusations of liberal bias have only deepened his isolation. An economic backlash has also emerged, with significant business losses as conventions have been cancelled and entertainers, including Stevie Wonder and U2, have shunned the state. One particularly undiplomatic solicitation for funds, using Mecham's official letterhead, implored right-wing supporters to move to Arizona to assist him, but this misstep only bolstered Buck's campaign. As the recall moves forward, the Arizona Republican Party is scrambling to identify a more popular candidate who can beat Mecham if he enters a new election. Mecham maintains a support base among some blue-collar workers and long-time residents, yet the growing dissatisfaction with his governance may lead to a sweeping change in Arizona's political landscape. In summary, Mecham's position as governor has become increasingly untenable due to his extreme views, damaging actions, and widespread public discontent, putting him on the brink of historic political removal.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871110_2_87_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871110.2.87.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563454000
7701,10,11,1987,"N.z. Post (Press, 10 November 1987)","On 6 November 1987, L. A. H. Bogren expressed their frustration regarding the closure of post offices identified on a list by Minister of Post and Telecommunications, Roger Prebble. Concerned citizens had mobilised to organise petitions advocating for the retention of these post offices. Bogren noted that despite their efforts, they believed the current government, led by Prime Minister David Lange, would not respond to the petitions. They recalled a previous incident where a petition with over half a million signatures protesting the legalisation of sodomy was ignored by both major political parties. Bogren lamented that it was primarily the elderly who would be affected by these post office closures, suggesting that the government seemed uninterested in the concerns of older citizens. They cynically remarked that it appeared Prebble was advising the elderly to stop complaining, reflecting a broader sentiment of disenfranchisement among that demographic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871110_2_85_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871110.2.85.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563454000
7068,11,11,1987,"Drag Queen To Wed (Press, 11 November 1987)","Danny La Rue, the renowned drag queen and entertainer, has announced plans to retire from his stage career as a female impersonator to commit to a life with the woman he intends to marry. At 60 years old, La Rue has never been married and is embarking on a new chapter with a 42-year-old multi-millionairess from Queensland, who is 18 years his junior. In his first comments about their relationship, La Rue revealed that they are contemplating a wedding at a Catholic church next Easter in Soho, London, following her proposal earlier in the year. The nature of their relationship has been kept under wraps to shield his fiancée from unwanted attention, despite offers from newspapers for exclusive interviews that would reveal more about their romance. The woman, who works as a fringe theatre producer in Queensland, has been wearing the engagement ring La Rue gifted her. La Rue expressed his deep affection for her, stating that they connected 16 months ago and now communicate daily, highlighting the emotional bond they share. He described their relationship as filled with warmth and genuine love, affirming his decision to step away from the stage in the name of love.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871111_2_75_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871111.2.75.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563540400
6292,12,11,1987,"Explicit Homosexual Acts Depicted (Press, 12 November 1987)","On 12 November 1987, it was reported from Wellington that publications previously banned in New Zealand for depicting explicit homosexual behaviour are now accessible due to the Homosexual Law Reform Act. The Act, which was passed in July 1986, has allowed such materials to be examined by the Indecent Publications Tribunal using the same criteria applied to publications depicting heterosexual acts. Judge Richard Kearney, the tribunal chairman, noted that approximately half of the materials reviewed involved homosexual acts. He indicated that a significant volume of previously illegal content is now being classified differently, with many items now receiving an R18 classification. This change reflects a broader acceptance following the legal reforms concerning homosexuality. Judge Kearney acknowledged that there could be a perceived distinction between ""natural"" and ""unnatural"" sexual acts. However, he stated that the tribunal is not currently in a position to draw such distinctions when it comes to evaluating materials for their legality. The reform marks a substantial shift in the cultural and legal landscape surrounding sexual orientation and the expression of homosexual relationships in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871112_2_174_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871112.2.174.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563626800
7526,14,11,1987,"A.i.d.s. Infection May Become Crime (Press, 14 November 1987)","On 14 November 1987, during the National Conference in Wellington, Professor Peter Skegg from the University of Otago discussed the upcoming Crimes Bill set to be introduced in Parliament in early 1988. He highlighted that this bill is expected to increase the legal liability of individuals who infect others with AIDS. Skegg pointed out the stark contrast between the legislative action in New Zealand and the United States, where 360 items of AIDS-related legislation had been introduced in just the first few months of the year. In New Zealand, specific changes in the law were being proposed, notably allowing the provision of syringes to intravenous drug users to aid in harm reduction. Furthermore, the Court of Appeal had suggested that sentencing policies might shift to account for AIDS-related cases more appropriately. Skegg also noted a significant gap in existing laws regarding accountability for murder, particularly the stipulation that a death must occur within a year and a day of the act. He indicated that, following recommendations from the Law Reform Committee, this provision would likely be abolished, and a new offence, termed reckless endangerment, would be introduced. This anticipated legislation would hold AIDS carriers criminally liable, potentially increasing their culpability in cases of transmission. Despite these changes, Skegg expressed uncertainty about whether the legal modifications would be adequate to address the broader implications of the HIV virus. He contended that the law should only assume a minor role in managing HIV control efforts, which he found frustrating. He believed that while laws could have a significant impact if effectively enforced, overly restrictive measures would yield limited results, especially in New Zealand's societal context, which places high value on individual liberty.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871114_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871114.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563799600
6293,14,11,1987,"Blood Donor Gave A.I.D.S. To Six (Press, 14 November 1987)","In November 1987, the Medical Journal reported that six individuals in Wellington had contracted the A.I.D.S. virus due to blood transfusions received from a homosexual man who had previously donated blood. The donor, who had been a regular contributor to the Wellington transfusion service since 1963, resigned in October 1984 but had contributed blood that was infected with the A.I.D.S. virus prior to his resignation. By May 1983, he had provided a total of 45 donations, with an additional five donations made before his departure. The case that brought attention to the infected blood occurred when a 53-year-old man was admitted to Kenepuru Hospital in January 1987, presenting with weight loss and eventually diagnosed with pneumonia and A.I.D.S. His only known exposure to A.I.D.S. was through four units of resuspended blood cells received during a hip operation at Wellington Hospital in May 1983. Upon notification, the Wellington Hospital Board's transfusion service began tracing the source of the infection. They identified the infected blood through four serum samples and recalled the donor in March 1987. During an interview, the donor revealed that he was homosexual, having lived with a male partner for several years. He also mentioned having casual homosexual encounters while on holiday in the United States in 1982. Despite being asymptomatic at the time of the interview, tests confirmed he carried the A.I.D.S. virus. The investigation revealed that in total, six individuals, including the 53-year-old man, were found to have contracted the A.I.D.S. virus from the donor’s blood. Among them were three haemophiliacs, of whom it was initially believed that two had contracted the virus from Australian blood products. The third haemophiliac had received a locally produced blood product. Additionally, two patients who received blood transfusions from the donor's contributions were seriously ill and died shortly after. The article concluded that all blood donations made by the donor since 1982 had been accounted for, suggesting that no further cases of A.I.D.S. transmission from his donations would occur. This incident highlighted serious concerns regarding blood donation practices, particularly regarding screening for A.I.D.S. and the associated risks involved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871114_2_78.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871114.2.78,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563799600
6792,14,11,1987,"Bras Into Catapults (Press, 14 November 1987)","In her 1987 novel ""Savages,"" Shirley Conran presents a straightforward narrative that follows the wives of five business executives as they navigate survival on a remote South Seas island, following the murder of their husbands. The scenario unfolds against the backdrop of what some might consider ""civilisation"" in Pittsburgh, creating a contrast between their former lives and their newfound existence. During their time on the island, the women, assisted by an unusually sexless Australian man, cultivate unexpected survival skills, showcasing their resilience in the wilderness. The review by Ken Strongman notes that ""Savages"" returns to the ""Superwoman"" theme that Conran has explored in her previous writings, but makes it even more fantastical. The author's commitment to research is evident, as the book is rich with practical details about jungle survival techniques. These range from navigation and food safety to creative uses for everyday items, such as turning a bra into a catapult. Despite the book's entertaining elements, Strongman expresses a sense of guilt over enjoying it, pointing out that it falls short of true literary excellence. The writing is accessible, and the plot's pacing keeps the reader engaged. However, Beyond the superficial enjoyment, the novel indulges in themes of lesbian relationships and hints at cannibalism, which, while intriguing, do not elevate it to the status of high-quality literature. Ultimately, Strongman argues that Conran’s depiction of women adapting and thriving is inherently more compelling than similar stories focused on children. He acknowledges that while ""Savages"" is not on par with classics like ""The Lord of the Flies,"" it is likely to attract a larger readership due to its provocative premise and the allure of female characters embracing their primal instincts in a hostile environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871114_2_123_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871114.2.123.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563799600
7191,14,11,1987,"Input Dissatisfaction (Press, 14 November 1987)","The organisers of the national conference on A.I.D.S. have faced criticism for their failure to include homosexuals and individuals affected by the disease in the planning and execution of the event. Phil Parkinson, who spoke at the conference, alongside Bill Logan, the coordinator of the Gay Task Force, expressed concern regarding the lack of involvement from those impacted by A.I.D.S. They highlighted the necessity for greater engagement from both sufferers and high-risk groups in efforts to manage the disease and prevent its further spread. In a letter addressed to Dr Richard Meech, the chairman of the Aids Advisory Committee, Mr Logan pointed out that the planning of the conference demonstrated insufficient cooperation between the medical community and the gay community regarding A.I.D.S. This lack of collaboration has raised alarms about the effectiveness of initiatives aimed at tackling the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871114_2_26.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871114.2.26,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,563799600
6294,17,11,1987,"Discrimination For A.I.D.S. To Come Under Rights... (Press, 17 November 1987)","On 17 November 1987, a discussion took place in Wellington where the Human Rights Commission explored how to effectively tackle discrimination against individuals affected by A.I.D.S. Ms Rae Julian, a member of the Commission, addressed a seminar on the matter and suggested that a straightforward approach would be to consider discrimination against A.I.D.S. as a type of discrimination based on physical disability. However, she noted that such discrimination is not currently included in the Human Rights Commission Act of 1977. The New Zealand government had tasked the Commission with reviewing the existing legislation concerning discrimination. Through informal discussions with various politicians from different sides of Parliament, the Commission anticipated that there would be considerable support for modifications to the law that would encompass disability discrimination. Ms Julian highlighted that while adding protections for A.I.D.S. victims and those with A.I.D.S. antibodies is essential, this change would not comprehensively address all forms of discrimination linked to A.I.D.S. She explained that discrimination also frequently affects individuals perceived as “at risk,” particularly male homosexuals, regardless of their actual health status related to A.I.D.S. To combat the increasing discrimination associated with A.I.D.S., Ms Julian advocated for the inclusion of sexual orientation protections within the Human Rights Commission Act, alongside protections for physical disability. The Commission had previously expressed the view that discrimination based on sexual orientation is inherently wrong, particularly during the debates surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in 1985. Despite the passage of that legislation, the underlying human rights considerations regarding sexual orientation remained largely unchanged. Ms Julian expressed uncertainty about whether the issue of sexual orientation would be successfully addressed in Parliament this time, noting that it would likely emerge as a matter of conscience. An alternative solution suggested was to establish a distinct category aimed at prohibiting all forms of A.I.D.S.-related discrimination, similar to provisions in New York. However, she remained unsure whether Parliament would treat this approach as a conscience issue or perceive it merely as an attempt to introduce anti-discrimination measures without transparent motivations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871117_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871117.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564058800
6295,17,11,1987,"Skin Problems May Be Early Warning Of A.I.D.S. (Press, 17 November 1987)","A recent report highlights that more than seven skin conditions, including blisters and warts, could signal the onset of A.I.D.S. infection months or even years prior to the appearance of more commonly known symptoms, according to doctors. Dr Marcus Conant, a dermatology professor at the University of California Medical Centre in San Francisco, explained that A.I.D.S. leads to immune system suppression, which can exacerbate common skin diseases such as herpes, warts, and fungal infections. These skin issues may arise well before the weight loss, fatigue, and serious infections typically associated with A.I.D.S. Dr Conant's remarks were prompted by a Finnish study that observed 235 healthy homosexual and bisexual men over three years. The study, authored by Dr Sirkka-Liisa Valle of Helsinki, reported that 33 of these men later developed antibodies to the A.I.D.S. virus, suggesting they had been exposed to the virus. Notably, all the men who tested positive for antibodies exhibited one or more of several specific skin conditions. The identified skin conditions included herpes simplex blisters located in the rectum and anus, the emergence of new warts on the hands, feet, and beard area, extensive fungal infections of the feet, and inflammation causing redness and blistering in relation to bacterial infections like impetigo. Other notable conditions were inflamed hair follicles, severe dermatitis characterised by oily scaling of the skin, and excessively dry or prematurely aged skin. Researchers previously acknowledged that certain fungal infections, particularly oral candidiasis—which presents with white patches in the mouth—and hairy leukoplakia—which results in leathery whitish areas on the tongue—are also early signs of A.I.D.S. infection. This recent study reinforces the idea that specific skin problems can serve as critical early indicators of A.I.D.S., encouraging awareness and further investigation in at-risk populations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871117_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871117.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564058800
7527,19,11,1987,"Mandatory Tests Call After Doctor’s Death (Press, 19 November 1987)","Calls for mandatory AIDs testing for healthcare workers and the prohibition of H.I.V.-infected doctors arose following the death of Dr Frank Goodwin, a London kidney consultant who recently passed away from pneumonia related to the virus. The news of his A.I.D.S.-related death was not publicised until six weeks after his passing. This revelation provoked Conservative MPs to insist that patients should be notified of any doctor’s infection status, advocating for mandatory A.I.D.S. testing among health professionals. Labour's health spokesperson, Harriet Harman, echoed the call for compulsory notification to the Health Department when a doctor tests H.I.V. positive, emphasising the public's right to know about potential risks from their healthcare providers. Despite the public outcry, the Health Department maintained that patients need not be informed of a doctor's H.I.V. status if there was no perceived risk during treatment. Sir Donald Acheson, the Government’s chief medical officer, contended that since there had been no documented cases of H.I.V.-positive doctors transmitting the virus to patients, even in areas with higher A.I.D.S. prevalence than Britain, the risk was largely theoretical. Dr Goodwin had adhered to health regulations, having sought advice on his condition and ceased work in the renal unit to prevent any possibility of transmission. All his patients were upon testing found to be free of the virus. Critics questioned the actions taken by health authorities if they were indeed unconcerned about the implications of Dr Goodwin's condition. Harriet Harman expressed certainty that former patients of Dr Goodwin would be alarmed by the situation, stating that kidney patients face enough challenges without the added fear of A.I.D.S. Moreover, this incident coincided with pressing concerns surrounding haemophiliacs who contracted the virus through contaminated blood products. John Moore, the Secretary of State for Social Services, announced a £10 million disaster fund aimed at assisting the 1,200 affected haemophiliacs in dealing with insurance, heating, and laundry expenses. Among these, 21 individuals have developed full-blown A.I.D.S., with 45 fatalities reported thus far. However, criticism arose regarding the adequacy of the fund, with legal representatives for infected haemophiliacs alleging that the assistance amounted to only £8,333 per person, labelling the government’s response as insufficient. Such sentiments were expressed by Mr Graham Ross, who remarked on the inadequacy in comparison to the funds provided to other disaster victims, illustrating a disparity in state support for those affected by the virus.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871119_2_195.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871119.2.195,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564231600
6296,20,11,1987,"Mr Norman Jones Made His Mark In Political Life (Press, 20 November 1987)","Norman Jones, a former National member of Parliament for Invercargill, passed away on 19 November 1987 at the age of 64. Jones began his political career when he was first elected to Parliament in 1975, serving for 12 years until his retirement before the last General Election due to an inoperable brain tumour. In his reflections on his time in Parliament, he described it as mostly happy and expressed enjoyment in his work as an outspoken parliamentarian known for enlivening debates. Born in 1923, Jones enlisted in the Army in 1941, serving with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force during World War II. He was wounded in the Libyan desert, resulting in the loss of his right leg, and was invalided home. Following rehabilitation, he trained as a teacher, which was his profession prior to his entry into politics. His commitment to public service was evident, as he served six terms as an Invercargill City Councillor and held the position of Deputy Mayor at one point. Jones was actively involved in sports, representing Southland in men’s hockey, and also participated in amateur boxing. His contributions to community service earned him a Queen’s Service Medal in 1975. During his time in Parliament, he held numerous positions including chairman of the defence and police select and caucus committees, and was a member of various local and education-focused caucus committees. He was known for his vocal opposition to the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, citing a large petition against it as one of his significant achievements. However, he also demonstrated support for more liberal causes, embracing pacifism after his war experiences. This led him to organise a protest march in Invercargill during the Vietnam War. Additionally, he was involved in the Save Manapouri campaign and was a member of the Returned Servicemen’s Association. Jones is survived by his wife Marjory, four daughters, and two sons.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871120_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871120.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564318000
7528,23,11,1987,"Station Fire Probe Rules Out Arson (Press, 23 November 1987)","On 23 November 1987, London police announced that their investigation into a fire at Kings Cross underground station, which tragically resulted in the deaths of 30 people, had ruled out the possibility of arson. Detective Superintendent Tony Clift, leading the investigation, stated in a press conference that there was no indication of any criminal activity linked to the blaze. He further commented that charges for negligence were unlikely to be pursued. The fire, which occurred during the evening rush hour, was determined to have originated about one third of the way up a 48-year-old wooden escalator that connected the underground platforms to the main ticket concourse. Investigators found that a small fire could have been smouldering for as long as two hours before it escalated into a significant fireball. In connection with this disaster, a spokesman for the London Fire Brigade revealed a concerning health issue for the firefighters involved in combating the blaze. It was disclosed that one of the deceased, nurse Lawrence Newcombe, was HIV positive, prompting the brigade to recommend testing for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) for firefighters who might have been exposed. Approximately up to 50 out of 200 firefighters who participated in the response were potentially at risk, as they typically wear gloves during firefighting but might have used their bare hands for resuscitation efforts. This incident has raised widespread safety concerns and highlighted the potential health risks for emergency responders in the wake of a catastrophic event.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871123_2_66_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871123.2.66.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564577200
6297,25,11,1987,"Jackson’s Long Punt A Loser (Press, 25 November 1987)","Rex ""Buckets"" Jackson, a former New South Wales Minister and notorious figure in Sydney's political landscape, was sentenced to seven and a half years in prison for accepting bribes to facilitate the early release of prisoners. The 59-year-old's conviction comes after a tumultuous four years marked by multiple trials, including a last one that lasted seven weeks and involved over 240 taped conversations. Jackson's political career, spanning 31 years, was defined by his aggressive tactics and public persona, which often included controversial outbursts and character attacks. Jackson's legal troubles began following implications of corruption while he served as Minister for Corrective Services. His initial trial was cut short due to a juror recognising a witness, and during the second trial, the jury was unable to reach a verdict. Ultimately, his final trial concluded with a guilty verdict after 15 hours of deliberation. A former professional fighter, Jackson was known for his love of gambling, which played a significant role in his downfall. It was alleged that he accepted a bribe of $12,000 shortly after losing $24,000 at the racetracks, a venue he frequented to the detriment of his ministerial duties. His extravagant lifestyle and gambling habits led to significant financial struggles, ultimately resulting in him attempting to fund his own legal defence after a public outcry reversed a decision for legal aid. Jackson's early life was marked by hardship, losing both parents in his teens and being raised by friends. His career in politics began in 1955, and he made a name for himself through a combination of hard work and a reputation for being combative. He successfully implemented welfare initiatives during his tenure as Minister and quickly gained a tumultuous reputation in the parliamentary arena. His selection for ministerial positions seemed almost fateful when a hat draw was necessary due to a tie among candidates in 1976. Jackson initially gained acclaim for his energetic administration but later faced scrutiny when misconduct emerged regarding the release of prisoners, leading to his resignation. In court, after declaring his financial status—which included minimal cash and a house under mortgage—Jackson was left in a position where he had to relinquish material possessions as he faced the consequences of his actions. His arrest at the conclusion of the trial, marked by handcuffs and the removal of his gold watch, symbolised a dramatic fall from grace for a public figure once feared and revered in political circles. Jackson’s tale serves as a cautionary example of how corruption and personal vice can lead to devastating and public consequences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871125_2_103_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871125.2.103.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564750000
7398,25,11,1987,"More Cancer Cases Picked (Press, 25 November 1987)","On 25 November 1987, experts warned that a significant rise in the elderly population could lead to a 40 per cent increase in cancer cases over the coming years. This estimate, appearing in the ""Medical Journal"" in an article written by Dr Alan Gray, medical director of the Cancer Society, and Dr Pam Elder from the Mary Potter Hospice, predicted a steady rise in cancer diagnoses at approximately 2 per cent annually over a 20-year span. The looming A.I.D.S. epidemic was also cited as a contributing factor, with approximately one in four individuals suffering from A.I.D.S. also diagnosed with Kaposi's sarcoma, a previously rare skin cancer. The doctors emphasised the urgent need to enhance hospice services in response to this anticipated increase in cancer cases. They called for heightened interest in hospice care, suggesting that some medical professionals should specialise in this area to meet the impending demands. Furthermore, there was a pressing need to train more oncology nurses to facilitate better coordination between home care, hospitals, and hospices. Dr Gray and Dr Elder highlighted that while most components necessary for hospice services were available within the current health services, financial constraints were obstructing effective integration. This lack of funding hindered not only inpatient services but also limited doctors' ability to provide quality home care to patients. They noted that half of all cancer patients were under the age of 65, still in the workforce, and facing various family and financial obligations. The impact of an incurable cancer diagnosis was profound, leading to a significant deterioration of the patient's physical, social, and financial condition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871125_2_195_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871125.2.195.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564750000
7192,26,11,1987,"Testing Without Consent? (Press, 26 November 1987)","On 26 November 1987, concerns were raised in Wellington about individuals being tested for AIDS antibodies without their consent. Mr Bill Logan, a spokesman for the Gay Task Force, and Mr Warren Lindberg, a director of the AIDS Foundation, highlighted the issue, stating that this practice contradicts established health protocols which mandate informed consent for AIDS testing. According to guidelines from the Aids Advisory Committee for the Health Department, doctors are required to inform patients if they intend to test for the AIDs antibody, seek their permission, and offer counselling on the potential implications of the test results. Mr Logan mentioned that he had assisted approximately six individuals in filing complaints with hospitals after they discovered that their blood had been tested for AIDS without their awareness or approval. However, Dr Richard Meech, the chairman of the AIDS Advisory Committee, contested the claims, stating that while he occasionally hears reports of such incidents, he has not noted it as a widespread issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871126_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871126.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,564836400
7217,28,11,1987,"A.I.D.S. Tests Urged For Immigrants (Press, 28 November 1987)","On 28 November 1987, the A.I.D.S. Advisory Council in New Zealand recommended that foreigners seeking to live in the country should undergo testing for the A.I.D.S. virus. This recommendation aimed to prevent A.I.D.S. patients from coming to New Zealand to avail themselves of the free A.I.D.S. treatment provided by the government. Dr Richard Meech, the chairman of the council, indicated that the suggested screening would apply to individuals wishing to immigrate or obtain long-term residency. However, the council clarified that this testing should not extend to tourists. The debate surrounding the issue highlighted New Zealand's status as one of the few developed countries offering the expensive drug A.Z.T. at no cost to patients. The cost of this medication was reported to be around $16,000 per patient for a year's supply, along with additional hidden expenses related to regular check-ups and laboratory tests necessary for those undergoing treatment. The council's recommendation has garnered support from the Opposition, reflecting a broader consensus on the need for measures to manage the potential influx of A.I.D.S. patients who might otherwise draw resources from the public health system. Dr Meech articulated the concern that A.I.D.S. patients could exploit New Zealand's generous healthcare policies, further prompting discussions around immigration policies related to health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871128_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871128.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565009200
7218,30,11,1987,"Eleven Receive A.I.D.S. Drug (Press, 30 November 1987)","As of 30 November 1987, eleven patients in New Zealand are being treated with the costly drug AZT (azidothymidine or zidovudine), which is used in managing AIDS. Dr Ralph Riseley, the manager of medicines and benefits at the Health Department, confirmed this development. The drug comes with a significant price tag, costing approximately $16,000 annually for each patient, not accounting for additional expenses related to necessary follow-up checks and laboratory tests as noted by Dr Richard Meech, chairman of the AIDS Advisory Council. AZT is primarily prescribed to patients diagnosed with or suspected of having pneumocystis pneumonia, a rare form of pneumonia that tends to occur in individuals whose immune systems are compromised by the HIV virus. While it is the only drug so far identified that can slow the progression of the virus within the immune system, its manufacturers, Wellcome, have clarified that it is not a cure for AIDS. Despite its limitations, the availability of AZT represents a crucial development in the ongoing battle against AIDS in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871130_2_138_21.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871130.2.138.21,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565182000
6300,02,12,1987,"Sons Tell Of Grappling With Intruder After Hallway... (Press, 2 December 1987)","In a District Court hearing on 1 December 1987, two young men, sons of a church pastor, recounted a harrowing experience of grappling with an intruder in their home following the attack on their father, Peter McCallum Morrow, on the morning of 17 September. The intruder, identified as Patrick James Burrowes, 36, is accused of attempting to murder the pastor with a broad-bladed knife. Burrowes, described as a manic-depressive schizophrenic, reportedly acted out of a desire to ""get back at society"" and was committed for trial on three charges, including the attempted murder of Mr Morrow and wounding his sons, David and John. During the attack, Mr Morrow suffered severe injuries, including deep cuts and slash wounds that penetrated to the bone, significantly impairing the use of his left arm. His sons intervened as Burrowes attempted to escape, with David Morrow sustaining a fractured skull and John suffering cuts to his arms and head. The court learned that the pastor had lived in Christchurch for 25 years and had been actively involved with the church, where Burrowes had also been a member in the past. Mr Morrow detailed the events leading to the attack, explaining that he had opened the front door after being alerted by David. He encountered Burrowes, who was wearing a balaclava and armed with a ""machete knife."" Despite sustaining multiple injuries, Mr Morrow managed to make his way back to the lounge, where his sons confronted Burrowes. David recounted hearing the commotion and following the attacker as he swung the knife at their father. Burrowes' background revealed a tumultuous relationship with the church and personal struggles with homosexuality and mental health. In his account, he indicated that he felt ostracised and decided to target Mr Morrow as the representative of a society that he believed had wronged him. The court was adjourned briefly during Mr Morrow's testimony when Burrowes slumped in his seat, reflecting the gravity of the situation. Detective Constable C. F. Stokes, who interviewed Burrowes, noted that the defendant expressed a desire to retaliate against the church, which he blamed for his struggles. Burrowes stated he had spontaneously decided to attack Mr Morrow, reflecting his deteriorating mental state. His plan involved cycling to the Morrow residence and confronting the pastor without prior thought to his actions. Ultimately, Burrowes' desire to ""give him a fright"" escalated into a violent encounter that left Mr Morrow severely injured and his sons also harmed. The sons successfully subdued Burrowes until police arrived, where they were taken to the hospital for their injuries. The preliminary hearing concluded with Burrowes being remanded to Sunnyside Hospital until his trial, scheduled for a later date.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871202_2_117_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871202.2.117.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565354800
6298,02,12,1987,"Study Highlights S.t.d. Risks (Press, 2 December 1987)","A study conducted by Dr Dorothy Baczkowski, a medical geographer, has revealed that homosexual and bisexual men in higher social and economic groups are more prone to contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). This research was based on data from 7,000 patients at Sydney STD clinics. The findings indicated that bisexual men, who are overrepresented in higher occupational categories, are particularly likely to contract various types of STDs. In contrast, women were found to be more susceptible to herpes than to gonorrhoea or syphilis. The research highlighted a low percentage of Australian-born patients, with a significant number of tourists and migrants, particularly from New Zealand, Europe, and the Pacific. However, patients from Asia and Africa were represented in normal population proportions. The central business district of Sydney reported the highest incidence of STDs. Dr Baczkowski's PhD research from Macquarie University showcased the distinct relationship between sexual orientation and the types of STDs contracted. It was discovered that male homosexuals were more likely to contract gonorrhoea and syphilis rather than the herpes simplex virus. Conversely, females were more prone to herpes and less likely than males to contract gonorrhoea. Bisexual individuals showed the same level of gonorrhoea infection as heterosexual males but had a notably high incidence of syphilis. The findings have significant implications for AIDS prevention efforts. Dr Baczkowski noted that a smaller questionnaire revealed that half of the participants attributed their STD contraction to fate, indicating a concerning attitude towards personal responsibility in sexual behaviour. She emphasised that this perception could be troubling when considering the context of AIDS. Moreover, her survey indicated that many respondents viewed locations outside Sydney, especially overseas cities, as key sources of infection, except for women who often reported “home” as their primary location for sexual encounters. Dr Baczkowski also suggested that herpes is often contracted within long-term relationships, particularly in marriages. Though the clinic population does not fully represent the larger Sydney population, it likely serves as a representative sample of the STD demographic. Dr Baczkowski, who is also a former nurse and current educator at Mosman High School in Sydney, completed her PhD in September 1987.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871202_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871202.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565354800
6299,02,12,1987,"The Press Wednesday, December 2, 1987. De Facto... (Press, 2 December 1987)","On 2 December 1987, the Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, initiated a discussion regarding whether the Matrimonial Property Act should be expanded to include de facto relationships. This proposal aims to ensure that possessions accumulated by couples who live together without marrying would be divided equally in the event of a separation. The Matrimonial Property Act, in its established form, was created to protect the interests of women in marriage, ensuring that they would receive fair compensation from relationships, even if they were not the primary earners. However, the act has faced criticism for sometimes resulting in inequitable divisions, particularly concerning businesses or properties significantly contributed to by only one partner. The suggestion to extend the act's provisions to de facto relationships raises numerous questions. Key issues include defining what qualifies as a de facto relationship, determining how long couples must live together to be recognised under the law, and whether homosexual de facto relationships would also gain legal recognition. The complexity of these definitions means that any changes would be fraught with potential challenges and ambiguities. Although the current legislation does recognize some aspects of de facto arrangements—particularly in terms of Social Welfare benefits—it does not provide comprehensive protections akin to those granted to married couples. Therefore, a compromise might be necessary, allowing de facto couples to opt into the Matrimonial Property Act if they so choose. This would require them to make a conscious decision to accept the same protections available to married couples if their relationship were to end, although safeguards around the duration and characteristics of the relationship would need to be established. The proposal also touches on the potential for contentious legal scenarios that could arise, such as the rights of a long-term mistress who might claim contributions to a de facto relationship. Such complicated situations underscore the need for careful deliberation before implementing any legal changes. Overall, this development reflects a significant societal issue regarding property rights and fairness in relationships not formalised by marriage, warranting thoughtful discourse and examination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871202_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871202.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565354800
7163,03,12,1987,"Obituary Mrs Megan Grant (Press, 3 December 1987)","Megan Grant, a prominent Auckland abortion-law campaigner and self-identified radical feminist, passed away at the age of 64 on 3 December 1987. She held significant roles as the former Auckland branch president of the National Organisation for Women and the Abortion Law Reform Association. In 1977, Grant co-founded the Sisters Overseas Service, a initiative that facilitated travel for women seeking abortions in Sydney. Additionally, she contributed to the Bruce Burnett AIDS clinic at Auckland Hospital. Grant's interest in feminism was deeply rooted in her conviction about individual rights. As a child, she expressed her beliefs by choosing to wear a white Remembrance Poppy instead of the traditional red one, which she perceived as a celebration of war. At her funeral, attendees carried white flowers in alignment with her sentiments. Identifying as a radical feminist, she supported the more extreme elements of the movement, stating, “The revolutionaries are the spearhead. We need them to ginger us up and make us question. If we don’t question, we don’t change.” She is survived by her husband and three children: two daughters and a son.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871203_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871203.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565441200
6793,04,12,1987,"Lesbian Equality Wanted (Press, 4 December 1987)","On 4 December 1987, the National Lesbian Consultative Committee advocated for the recognition of lesbian relationships by the Immigration Department on the same grounds as heterosexual marriages. In their submission to the Royal Commission on Social Policy, they highlighted that current immigration laws favour heterosexual partnerships, effectively barring lesbian partners from recognition. The committee argued that while they do not seek to extend the institution of marriage to lesbian couples, there exists significant discrimination in immigration matters for these relationships. Specifically, they noted that when a New Zealand citizen who is a lesbian wants her foreign lesbian partner to live in the country, their relationship fails to receive acknowledgment from immigration officials. The committee referenced other countries, like Australia and Sweden, that have provisions for recognizing such partnerships and proposed that a signed declaration of lesbian partnership should suffice for similar recognition in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871204_2_119_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871204.2.119.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565527600
7337,07,12,1987,"Discrimination Rejected (Press, 7 December 1987)","On 7 December 1987, the Human Rights Commission in New Zealand dismissed a complaint of religious discrimination against the Victoria University newspaper, ""Salient,"" submitted by the Christian counselling group New Image. The complaint arose when ""Salient"" declined to publish an advertisement from New Image that offered to counsel individuals seeking to change their homosexual orientation. New Image's spokesman, Noel Mosen, asserted that their group aimed to assist individuals in moving away from what he termed the gay lifestyle if they desired such help. In contrast, ""Salient"" maintained a policy centred on the belief that individuals should have the freedom to select their own sexual orientation without interference from prevailing social views or pressures. The Human Rights Commission, upon reviewing Mosen's complaint, found it lacked merit. They noted that ""Salient"" consistently rejected advertisements that suggested homosexuality was an undesirable state, demonstrating that any advertisement violating this policy would be rejected irrespective of the religious background of the advertiser. As per the commission, Mosen was not discriminated against based on his religious beliefs; the refusal was a result of ""Salient's"" editorial policies rather than any bias against religion. Grant O'Neill, the editor of ""Salient"" for 1987, expressed hope that New Image would come to understand the newspaper's stance and would not perceive the situation as discrimination against them due to their religious beliefs. Mosen was unavailable for comment at the time of the report.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871207_2_43.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871207.2.43,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565786800
7399,09,12,1987,"Doctors Expected To Follow Guidelines (Press, 9 December 1987)","On 9 December 1987, the Medical Association of New Zealand announced the formal adoption of guidelines for managing and preventing A.I.D.S., expecting doctors across the nation to comply. These guidelines emphasise the essential role of medical practitioners in addressing the disease, highlighting a tradition of compassionate care for patients with infectious diseases. The document outlines the ethical and professional responsibilities of doctors to act in a scientifically sound manner, urging them to continue this commitment in the context of A.I.D.S. management. Central to the guidelines is the endorsement of mandatory testing for the A.I.D.S. virus in donors of blood, organs, and other tissues. Additionally, it advocates for voluntary testing following counselling for individuals at risk of the disease, as well as for healthcare professionals engaged in surgical procedures. The document calls for increased government support to combat A.I.D.S., advocating for a well-funded therapeutic programme to ensure the availability of necessary drugs for those affected. It also requests additional governmental funding to bolster research efforts and educational programmes, particularly aimed at younger populations. Public education initiatives are highlighted, focusing on how A.I.D.S. is transmitted, the risks associated with hazardous lifestyles, and promoting safe sex practices. The advantages of condom use and details regarding an upcoming needle exchange programme are also included in the recommended educational content. Moreover, the guidelines stress the need for non-discrimination against at-risk groups within the healthcare setting. They underscore the importance of maintaining patient confidentiality for individuals diagnosed with A.I.D.S., stipulating that failure to uphold this duty could result in legal repercussions for doctors. Overall, the guidelines represent a significant step in addressing the A.I.D.S. crisis through comprehensive healthcare practices, public education, and government action.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871209_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871209.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565959600
6301,09,12,1987,"Explicit Sex Scenes In A.I.D.S. Video (Press, 9 December 1987)","On 9 December 1987, it was reported that explicit sex scenes would be included in a series of AIDS awareness clips featured before and after all X and R-rated videos released in Australia. The clips, prepared by the Adult Video Industry Association of Australia (AVIAA), aim to educate viewers about safe sex practices and proper condom usage. The clips feature appearances by former Penthouse Pet of the Month, Julie Mulherrin, and gymnast/bodybuilder, Tony Cole. AVIAA's vice-president, Sue Raye, explained that there are two versions of the clips: a soft version and a hardcore version. The hardcore clip includes a scene of a man masturbating while demonstrating how to put on a condom, complemented by narration. Depending on the target audience—homosexual or heterosexual—the narration is provided by either Mulherrin or Cole. Interestingly, while the hardcore version was initially designated for X-rated videos, the Commonwealth censor granted it an R rating, allowing it to be included with R-rated films available for sale at video retail outlets. Raye expressed that the censor's decision highlights the significance of effectively communicating the message surrounding AIDS awareness. She noted that research indicates approximately 3.5 million viewers watch X and R-rated videos at home each year, which positions these clips to reach a substantial audience. With around 10,000 X-rated movies distributed weekly from Canberra, the potential impact of the campaign is considerable.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871209_2_218.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871209.2.218,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,565959600
6302,11,12,1987,"A.I.D.S. Education (Press, 11 December 1987)","In a letter to the editor published on 11 December 1987, Varian J. Wilson responds to a previous discussion by M. Haughey regarding sexual behaviour outside marriage. Wilson emphasises that while there are concerns related to promiscuity among homosexuals, the issue at hand also involves the serious risk of infection from blood products, which has resulted in deaths among recipients. He expresses hope that this secondary transmission channel has been adequately addressed and believes that education should focus on the homosexual community, particularly those from overseas. Wilson critiques the emphasis placed on strict control measures aimed at preventing potential carriers of infections from coming forward for testing and treatment. He argues that such approaches are typically associated with the emergence of epidemics, citing historical examples like smallpox, typhoid, and leprosy, which were often concealed but could be managed through quarantine. Wilson recounts his own experiences with being quarantined for various illnesses and asserts that he did not feel his human rights were compromised during these times. His letter highlights the importance of effective public health measures and education to combat the spread of diseases, particularly in the context of the AIDS crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871211_2_121_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871211.2.121.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,566132400
6535,12,12,1987,"Transsexual Appoints Publicist (Press, 12 December 1987)","Simone Rothschild, a 33-year-old transsexual born in New Zealand, is currently fighting extradition from South Australia to New South Wales due to concerns about being placed in a men's prison. Rothschild, who has been at the Adelaide Women’s Rehabilitation Centre, sought the help of a publicist after receiving numerous media requests for interviews. She escaped from Emu Plains jail in New South Wales in September 1987, where she claimed to have endured daily rape and abuse from male inmates. Rothschild's publicist, Richard Berry from Solsound Promotions, stated that their firm has signed an exclusive contract with her to manage media access, as they have been overwhelmed with interview requests. Berry described the media's approach as bothersome, comparing them to ""flies on honey"" and indicated that while Rothschild is open to interviews, they need to control the process. He mentioned that there might be charges associated with feature articles, depending on the type of interview requested. Addressing the court in Adelaide, Rothschild explained her situation, revealing that despite being born male, she experienced natural physical changes over the years without hormone therapy, including the development of breasts. She has undergone sex change surgery 14 years prior and holds a New Zealand passport identifying her as female. Rothschild expressed her horror at being confined with hundreds of men at the New South Wales facility, stating that the environment constituted a severe threat to her safety. She also highlighted a legal contradiction in Australia, where an individual's sex change can be acknowledged, yet they are still considered legally male in some states, which she finds absurd. Rothschild's extradition case is set to return to the courts in Adelaide on 13 January 1988.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871212_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871212.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,566218800
6303,15,12,1987,"‘Flog Until Repentance’ (Press, 15 December 1987)","James Anderton, the controversial Chief Constable of Greater Manchester, expressed his opinions on criminal justice in a recent interview. He proposed extreme measures for dealing with criminals, suggesting he would personally ""flog"" them until they repented. This statement came as part of a broader discussion on his proposed reforms, which include the castration of rapists and the criminalisation of homosexual acts. However, he stated that he does not support the return of the death penalty, reasoning that it does not serve as a deterrent and merely shortens lives. In the interview with ""Woman’s Own"" magazine, Anderton condemned homosexuality, arguing that consensual sexual acts between adults of the same sex should still be criminal offences based on his religious beliefs. He described sodomy as ""an abhorrent offence"" that should be outlawed. His past comments have also included strong views on rape, which he termed “the most appalling crime,” advocating for the physical prevention of repeat offenders, potentially through castration. Anderton dismissed the pressure from politicians and the Home Office to moderate his views, asserting that he does not rely on votes for his position and therefore can express his strong moral views freely. He lamented the diminished influence of schools and the Church in society, suggesting that some clergy focus more on political issues than on spiritual matters. He emphasised his commitment to voicing his beliefs, claiming it is instinctive for him to speak out against what he perceives as societal issues, such as AIDS. Earlier in the year, Anderton faced backlash for a statement in which he referred to individuals at high risk for AIDS—namely homosexuals, drug users, and prostitutes—as living in a ""human cesspit."" Despite the controversies surrounding his remarks, Anderton stated he has received considerable mail endorsing his views, presenting himself as an ordinary person striving to do his best. Overall, Anderton’s views have sparked significant debate about law enforcement, morality, and the ethics of punishment in British society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871215_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871215.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,566478000
6304,15,12,1987,"Censure ‘unwise (Press, 15 December 1987)","Dr John Dobson, a psychiatrist at Christchurch's Alcohol and Drug Centre, expressed strong criticism of the Pharmaceutical Society's actions against a local chemist, labelling these actions as ""unwise and unreasonable."" He likened the society's stance to the historical persecution of individuals accused of witchcraft, suggesting that while the society's actions are technically within its rights, they are misguided. Dr Dobson has previously supported the chemist, who has been providing clean needles in response to the rising threat of AIDS. He underscored the gravity of the AIDS epidemic, indicating that it presents a unique and significant catastrophe for humanity. According to Dr Dobson, the response to the disease has been inadequate, stating, ""Everything we do is five years too late,"" and he warned that humanity might be doomed in light of the current trajectory of the virus's spread. He specifically noted that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is migrating from the homosexual community to the heterosexual population, largely through drug users who share needles. Dr Dobson highlighted that the transmission of HIV through needle sharing is five to seven times more efficient than through sexual contact, raising concerns about the potential spread among heterosexual populations through unprotected intercourse. He further mentioned alarming statistics, citing that as of now, AIDS is the most common cause of death for young women in New York City. Dr Dobson also pointed out that there is no evidence from overseas that providing clean needles leads to an increase in drug misuse among intravenous drug users. He defended the chemist's actions, arguing that his provision of clean needles is a logical response to a serious public health issue. The chemist has indicated that he would cease selling needles as soon as a cure for AIDS is developed. However, Dr Dobson acknowledged that the increasing panic surrounding the epidemic has led to a higher demand for needles, complicating the chemist's situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871215_2_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871215.2.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,566478000
6305,16,12,1987,"Police Chief Faces Fury (Press, 16 December 1987)","On 16 December 1987, James Anderton, the police chief of Manchester, faced severe backlash following remarks he made regarding the punishment of criminals. In an interview with the magazine ""Woman’s Own,"" Anderton expressed a willingness to physically punish offenders, stating that he would thrash some of them until they begged for mercy. He emphasised the need for corporal punishment to be so severe that it would lead criminals to repent for their actions. Anderton, a deeply religious figure, has drawn criticism in the past for his controversial views, including his call for the castration of rapists and a prohibition on homosexual acts. His statements sparked immediate outrage, particularly from members of the Opposition Labour Party, who demanded his resignation. MP David Young highlighted concerns about Anderton's mindset, suggesting that such perspective is dangerous and reflects a troubling attitude towards authority and justice. Steve Murphy, chairman of the Greater Manchester Police Authority, remarked that Anderton’s statements indicated a desire to take on dual roles as both investigator and punisher, which he deemed unacceptable for someone in a position of responsibility. There were indications that pressure was mounting among authority members for potential actions to dismiss Anderton. A spokesman from the Home Office clarified that Anderton was expressing personal opinions, not government policy, reiterating that his beliefs stem from religious inspiration rather than official directives. Anderton's controversial commentary was not new, as he had previously incited outrage by referring to AIDS victims in derogatory terms, indicating a pattern of provocative and polarising statements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871216_2_66_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871216.2.66.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,566564400
6973,19,12,1987,"Boring Singapore To Get Saucy (Press, 19 December 1987)","On 19 December 1987, Singapore's tourism officials announced plans to recreate the notorious Bugis Street, which had been a vibrant red-light district prior to its demolition in 1985 to accommodate an underground railway. The original Bugis Street was known for its lively atmosphere, with open-air cafes, food stalls, and a notable presence of friendly transvestites interacting with patrons, particularly soldiers and sailors on leave during the Korean and Vietnam wars. The area famously hosted fashion shows featuring transvestites and prostitutes in a lighthearted competition. To revive this aspect of Singapore's cultural history, the Singapore Tourism Board intends to reconstruct the 200-metre-long Bugis Street using salvaged materials from previous buildings. This four-million dollar project, scheduled for completion by early 1989, aims to replicate the “rustic scene” and dynamic street life of the original location, including a historic public toilet that served as an impromptu stage for entertainers. However, the proposal has sparked significant backlash, particularly from religious leaders like Geoffrey Abisheganaden, president of the Singapore National Council of Churches. He expressed concerns about the potential for increased A.I.D.S. risk and the negative influence on youth, indicating that while transvestites deserve compassion and support, their display in public could be damaging to societal morals. This initiative comes in response to perceptions that Singapore is one of the most boring destinations globally, as highlighted by a report from the Economist magazine, which ranked Singapore as the least interesting among 48 countries surveyed. In contrast, nations like the Soviet Union, China, and Libya were considered more engaging. As tourist visits primarily revolve around shopping, with an average stay of only three days, the tourism board hopes that the new Bugis Street, along with additional cultural attractions, will encourage longer stays. Despite the ongoing controversy, the tourism officials are moving forward with the project, emphasising the potential for Bugis Street to be a family-friendly environment enriched with cultural performances. Some media outlets have urged the public to embrace the concept, suggesting that recreating Bugis Street could enhance Singapore's tourism appeal by providing the quirky and exotic experiences that many visitors seek.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871219_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871219.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,566823600
6794,21,12,1987,"Living Alone And Liking It (Press, 21 December 1987)","On 21 December 1987, a survey conducted by the Christchurch branch of the Society for Research on Women aimed to challenge societal stereotypes surrounding women living alone. The survey involved eight women, many of whom lived alone, interviewing 60 women from the Christchurch area, focusing on their experiences and perceptions. The interviews, which spanned from 1985 into the summer of 1986, were prompted by a desire to address misconceptions that women could not thrive without a male companion. The respondents' ages ranged from 22 to 86, with various backgrounds, including widows, divorcees, and never-married individuals. Notably, the survey found that while 121,416 women lived alone compared to 76,281 men, most women living alone were over 50, suggesting a demographic imbalance as men tended to die earlier. Many of the participants had faced financial difficulties, and while some were receiving sickness benefits or were unemployed, many were working or studying. The survey explored various aspects of their lives, including jobs, education, socialising, and how they felt perceived by society. The results were revealing: many participants rated their lifestyle positively, with a significant portion preferring to live alone rather than in marriage or with others. Contrary to expectations, loneliness was not a widespread issue among them; indeed, around 60% reported an increase in confidence due to their living situation. Additionally, three-quarters indicated that they had chosen to live alone, specifically citing happiness in their choice. The prevalent societal stigma, labelling these women as “husband bait” or “desperate for a man”, often led to condescension and negative treatment in social interactions. Despite this, the women expressed resilience, with many stating that they had moved past these judgments and embraced their independence. The research debunked the myth that women living alone must have pets for companionship, as many preferred the freedom of a pet-free lifestyle. Overall, the study provided valuable insights into the lives of single women, highlighting their preferences, challenges, and societal perceptions, ultimately affirming their choices and abilities to live fulfilling lives independently.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871221_2_72_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871221.2.72.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,566996400
6306,24,12,1987,"N.Z. A.I.D.S. Now 303 (Press, 24 December 1987)","As of 24 December 1987, the number of confirmed cases of New Zealanders testing positive for A.I.D.S. antibodies has increased by five, bringing the total to 303, according to a spokesperson from the Health Department. Globally, the number of officially reported A.I.D.S. cases has risen to 64,448 across 127 countries; however, the actual total is believed to be around 150,000. The United States has the highest number of cases, with 43,553 reported. The World Health Organisation's statistics indicate that A.I.D.S. cases predominantly affect young men aged 20 to 49, particularly those who are homosexual or bisexual, as well as intravenous drug users. Notably, estimates of A.I.D.S. transmissions through heterosexual contact have grown from approximately 1 per cent to around 4 per cent. In New Zealand specifically, 35 full-blown A.I.D.S. cases have been documented in individuals aged 20 to 39 years, with 16 cases in those aged 40 to 49, and only seven cases in individuals over 50. Of the cases identified, 49 are male homosexuals, one is an intravenous drug user, another is a haemophiliac, and one person contracted the disease through blood transfusions. The cause of A.I.D.S. remains unknown for six individuals. Notably, only one woman in New Zealand has been diagnosed with fully developed A.I.D.S. Of the 58 identified individuals with the disease, 23 have died, six have left the country, and 29 remain unaccounted for. A breakdown of those who have tested positive for the antibodies shows that 120 are homosexuals and bisexuals, 28 are haemophiliacs, two are homosexual-practising drug users, and one is a male prostitute who used intravenous drugs. Additionally, 12 individuals acquired positive A.I.D.S. antibodies following blood transfusions. Dr Karen Poutasi, the chief health officer of the Health Department, has indicated that the number of cases in New Zealand is expected to continue increasing, as many individuals may be infected with the virus without realising it.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871224_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871224.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,567255600
7219,26,12,1987,"A.I.D.S. Vaccine To Take Time (Press, 26 December 1987)","In a statement made on 26 December 1987, Professor Tony Basten, chairman of the National A.I.D.S. task force, expressed concerns regarding the development of a vaccine for A.I.D.S., describing the virus as ""the world’s cleverest virus."" He indicated that a vaccine would likely not be available until after the end of the decade. Professor Basten had recently attended an international meeting in Washington, organised by the American National Academy of Science, which focused on the latest advancements in A.I.D.S. research. He noted that experts from various regions, including the United States, Europe, Australia, and representatives from the World Health Organisation, participated in the gathering. Despite over $200 million being invested in A.I.D.S. research by biotechnology organisations in the United States, no effective vaccine or preventative measure had been developed to date, even in experimental settings. However, Basten highlighted that the extensive research efforts have significantly enhanced scientists' understanding of the virus's characteristics and behaviours. He optimistically suggested that this increased understanding might eventually lead to the creation of more effective anti-viral drugs or possibly a vaccine in the future. He emphasised the complexity and cunning nature of the virus, indicating that its sophisticated mechanisms continue to challenge researchers in their quest to combat the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871226_2_123.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871226.2.123,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,567428400
6308,26,12,1987,"Politics And Visions (Press, 26 December 1987)","""Waking the Dead,"" a novel by Scott Spencer published by Jonathan Cape in 1987, explores themes of deep love intertwined with tragedy and the complexities that arise from political ambition. Following the success of his earlier work, ""Endless Love,"" Spencer delves into the life of a Congressman who is unexpectedly thrust into a political campaign after being chosen by the Democratic Party machine to replace an incumbent embroiled in a scandal involving a homosexual liaison. The Congressman faces the dual challenge of navigating his political career while grappling with personal demons. Initially, he is taken aback to learn he must contend with an opponent, despite being manipulated by party insiders who even dictate his choice of a romantic partner. The presence of his former lover, who appears to him as a haunting vision, further complicates his journey, representing both his past and the emotional turmoil he experiences as he strives to balance his aspirations with the frailty of his sanity. The novel builds tension around the interplay of the protagonist's political ambitions, mental stability, and external influences, including potential involvement in Chilean political intrigues within the United States. However, the climactic ending leaves readers somewhat unsatisfied, described as a bathos that diminishes the story's overall impact. Critics suggest that if the novel is adapted into a film, a more compelling conclusion may be necessary to elevate the narrative. Overall, ""Waking the Dead"" is characterised as a well-written exploration of love and ambition, albeit with a conclusion that may fail to resonate as strongly as the buildup suggests.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871226_2_101_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871226.2.101.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,567428400
6307,26,12,1987,"Supply Of Needles (Press, 26 December 1987)","In a series of letters to the editor published on 26 December 1987, two writers express their opinions on the issues surrounding drug use and its connection to the A.I.D.S. epidemic in New Zealand. Varian J. Wilson critiques the increasing acceptance of ""human rights"" arguments to justify illegal behaviour, specifically related to drug use and homosexuality. He expresses frustration over providing clean needles to addicts, which he believes undermines the law. Wilson delineates his views on drug users and promiscuous homosexuals, suggesting they are part of a broader category of antisocial behaviour that poses a threat to societal morals. He contrasts New Zealand's laws with those in Britain, noting that British laws apply to adults and highlighting what he perceives as lenient standards in New Zealand regarding the sexual exploitation of minors. In response, Diane Simone defends the actions of a member of the Pharmaceutical Society of New Zealand who supplied sterile needles to intravenous drug users, finding the society's disciplinary decision disheartening. She presents several arguments including that New Zealand faces a significant A.I.D.S. issue, similar to that of Britain, which prompts a necessity for immediate and practical responses. Simone stresses that without sterile needles, drug users are likely to share, thereby exacerbating the spread of the A.I.D.S. virus. She cites a prominent American epidemiologist, stressing that controlling the virus within the intravenous drug-user population is critical for addressing the epidemic overall. Her letter criticises the behaviour of health professionals in failing to prioritise public health considerations in the face of legal and societal challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871226_2_98_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871226.2.98.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,567428400
6309,29,12,1987,"Agent Called To Account (Press, 29 December 1987)","On 29 December 1987, the British Government sought clarification from former M. I.6 officer Anthony Cavendish regarding his decision to privately publish his memoirs, ""Inside Intelligence,"" and distribute copies to 500 friends as Christmas gifts. The 160-page book serves as a defence of his late friend, Sir Maurice Oldfield, who was a prominent figure in security under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, particularly in Northern Ireland, and had previously been director-general of M. I.6. In a letter addressed to Cavendish, the Government requested details about the contents of his book and the extent of its distribution. Whitehall sources indicated that it was unlikely there would be legal repercussions similar to those seen with Peter Wright’s ""Spycatcher"" memoirs. The outcome of the matter may hinge on Cavendish’s response to the Government’s inquiry. The correspondence aligns with the Government's established stance that retired intelligence officers are expected to uphold the confidentiality of their duties and maintain allegiance to the Crown for life. Cavendish, who left M. I.6 in 1953 following a disagreement with his superiors, aims to defend Sir Maurice Oldfield's reputation. He suspects that a smear campaign concerning Oldfield's alleged homosexual activities has been orchestrated since his death in 1981. Cavendish admits Oldfield may have been involved in “certain peccadilloes,” yet asserts that many of the claims made against him are “disgusting, ludicrous and not true.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871229_2_71_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871229.2.71.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,567687600
6310,31,12,1987,"Review Focuses On Age, Disability Discrimination (Press, 31 December 1987)","In December 1987, discussions were underway in New Zealand regarding a significant review of the country’s human rights laws, particularly the Human Rights Commission Act of 1977. This review, led by the Human Rights Commission and Minister of Justice Mr Palmer, aimed to consider extending the grounds upon which discrimination is prohibited to include age and disability. Other potential changes being examined included the introduction of children’s rights and reinstating anti-discrimination measures related to sexual orientation that were previously removed from the Homosexual Law Reform Act. The original legislation, passed during a National Government, was limited to banning discrimination based on sex, marital status, and religious or ethical belief, while racial discrimination was addressed separately through the Race Relations Act. Mr Palmer and the commission advocated for a broadening of the law, indicating that preventing discrimination against individuals with mental and physical disabilities was paramount. They also sought to address age discrimination, which was prevalent in employment advertisements that often favoured younger applicants, particularly disadvantaging women re-entering the workforce after childcare responsibilities. The commission’s proposal included a wide array of contentious issues that had sparked debates in other countries, such as discrimination based on pregnancy, family responsibilities, political beliefs, and access to justice. Notably, the topic of sexual orientation remained sensitive; an attempt by M.P. Fran Wilde in 1986 to include this protection in legislation had failed to pass in Parliament. However, the Labour Party had promised to reintroduce such a measure in its 1987 election platform. The review also considered organisational restructuring, with discussions about merging the Human Rights Commission and the Race Relations Office. Although this idea had merit, the heavy workloads of both entities could ultimately lead to their separation. Mr Palmer acknowledged the Race Relations Office's significant responsibilities but noted that it currently operated under the umbrella of the commission. Furthermore, Human Rights Commission Chairman Mr Justice Wallace emphasised the need for an additional commissioner specialising in Māori affairs, proposing that this position require fluency in te reo Māori to enhance communication about the Treaty of Waitangi and related issues. He pointed out the remarkable shift in public attitudes concerning discrimination since the commission's inception, while also noting the considerable work that remained to be accomplished. The commission was in urgent need of increased staffing and resources, as its current team of 19 struggled to address the extensive challenges and systemic issues concerning human rights in New Zealand. Anticipation grew that proposed amendments would be presented to Parliament either late in 1988 or early in 1989, reflecting a progressive move towards more inclusive human rights legislation in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19871231_2_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19871231.2.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,567860400
6974,02,01,1988,"Between Sex And Fear (Press, 2 January 1988)","""The Passion"" by Jeanette Winterson, published by Bloomsbury in 1987, is a vivid and imaginative novel that defies expectations set by its title and cover. The story revolves around Henri, a diminutive French poultry chef who finds himself serving the Emperor Napoleon. Tasked with delivering fowl to the Imperial tent, Henri's life becomes a saga of both culinary service and emotional turmoil as he grapples with the horrors of war and his feelings towards Napoleon. As Henri becomes disillusioned with the General and the accompanying violence, he embarks on his own retreat from the chaos of the Moscow campaign. Intertwined with Henri's tale is that of Vilanellet, a beautiful Venetian who is trapped in a grim marriage to a wealthy nobleman. After her marriage ends, she takes on the role of vivandiere, assisting Napoleon's officers. Henri and Vilanellet’s lives converge during the war, and they eventually return to Venice together, accompanied by an alcoholic priest. The novel portrays a world filled with horror, greed, and madness, conveyed through tightly woven prose that leans more towards poetry than traditional historical narrative. Winterson sketches the Napoleonic campaigns with broad strokes, creating striking imagery that brings to life the casinos and canals of Venice, where the characters navigate their complex realities. The portrayal of Vilanellet, who plays a dual role as a transvestite croupier and skilled boatman, adds depth to the narrative. Diane Prout's review highlights Winterson's unique writing style, describing it as taut, contemporary, and rich in imagery. She also reflects on the author's intriguing background, which includes a Pentecostal upbringing, various jobs including that of an ice-cream van driver, and a degree in English from Oxford. With its Gothic undertones, themes of revenge, and explorations of passion amid fear, ""The Passion"" is presented as a compelling and multifaceted reading experience. Prout expresses enthusiasm for Winterson's earlier work, ""Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit,” which won the Whitbread First Novel prize in 1985 and adds to the anticipation for more from this talented author.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880102_2_128_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880102.2.128.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568033200
6311,02,01,1988,"Bishop Bans Gay Vicars (Press, 2 January 1988)","The Right Rev. David Young, Bishop of Ripon, has declared a ban on active homosexuals from serving in the pulpits of his Yorkshire diocese. This decision comes despite a recent resolution by the General Synod, which opted against recommending similar measures. In his January newsletter, Bishop Young stated that individuals known to be engaged in homosexual practices will not be sponsored for ordination or ordained within the diocese. Furthermore, those already ordained will not be offered ministry positions in Ripon, and any gay clergy currently serving in the diocese will face disciplinary action deemed appropriate by the Bishop. Bishop Young differentiated between clergymen and deaconesses who are openly practising homosexuality and those who aspire to such practices but choose to remain celibate. This move follows a resolution made by the General Synod in November 1987, which sought to avoid targeting homosexuals for condemnation and rejected a motion that called for moral exemplary behaviour among Christian leaders, including in matters of sexual morality, as a precondition for office. The controversy surrounding this decision has been exacerbated by criticism aimed at Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Robert Runcie, who has been accused of being indecisive on issues relating to clergy homosexuality and the ordination of women. These tensions reached a tragic peak when an anonymous article published in the Anglican journal ""Crockfords"" attacked the Archbishop. The article, later identified as written by Oxford theologian Dr Gareth Bennett, sparked significant media speculation. Just a week following the publication, Dr Bennett committed suicide. In response to Bishop Young's stance, the Rev. Richard Kirker, secretary of the Lesbian and Gay Christian Movement, expressed strong disapproval, calling the Bishop's attitude ""deplorable."" This unfolding situation highlights a growing division within the Anglican Church over issues of homosexuality, as various factions within the church grapple with traditional beliefs and the evolving societal attitudes towards sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880102_2_74.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880102.2.74,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568033200
6312,04,01,1988,"Court Eases Ban On Secret Agent’s Memoirs (Press, 4 January 1988)","On 4 January 1988, a High Court judge in London lifted a full ban on the publication of extracts from the memoirs of Anthony Cavendish, a former British secret agent. The decision allows the newspapers ""Observer"" and ""Sunday Times"" to publish portions of Cavendish's 150-page book, titled ""Inside Intelligence."" However, the ruling stipulates that they cannot disclose information related to his work with secret services or any content linked to national security. Cavendish, who is now a merchant banker at the age of 60, served in MI6 counterintelligence before leaving the agency in 1953. The memoirs were privately printed, with 500 copies distributed among friends as Christmas presents. Cavendish stated that his primary intention in publishing the book was to defend the reputation of Maurice Oldfield, the late MI6 director-general, against claims regarding his alleged involvement with male prostitutes. Prior to the court decision, the British government had enforced an injunction that prohibited the ""Observer"" from releasing any extracts from Cavendish's memoirs. The government contended that former secret agents are obligated to maintain a lifelong silence regarding their operations. During a court hearing on Saturday, the government sought a similar injunction against the ""Sunday Times."" However, the legal representatives for both newspapers argued that the restrictions imposed were excessively severe, leading the judge to modify the injunction's terms. This ruling permits limited access to Cavendish's memoirs for the newspapers while still safeguarding sensitive national security information.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880104_2_63_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880104.2.63.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568206000
7400,04,01,1988,"Virus Risk, Frequency Of Sex Questioned (Press, 4 January 1988)","A study conducted for the National Centres for Disease Control has revealed intriguing insights into the transmission of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) among heterosexual couples. Published on 4 January 1988, the research examined 80 A.I.D.S. patients, comprising 55 men and 25 women, alongside their spouses. Notably, the study found that frequency of sexual relations does not necessarily correlate with the risk of transmission. Among the findings, it was reported that two husbands contracted the virus after engaging in sexual relations with their wives, who were A.I.D.S. positive. Additionally, out of the 55 wives of infected men, 10 were also infected. However, strikingly, eleven wives of infected husbands remained free of the virus despite having engaged in sexual relations more than 200 times since their spouses were diagnosed. Conversely, one woman contracted the virus after a single sexual encounter with her infected husband. Researchers highlighted that these results indicate the risk of transmission is not simply dependent on how many sexual encounters occur with an infected partner. Condoms were rarely used by the couples involved, many of whom were unaware of their spouses’ A.I.D.S. status. This underscores a concerning trend, particularly since heterosexual transmission of A.I.D.S. first came to light in the United States in 1983. It is also noted that less than 2 per cent of A.I.D.S. cases are attributed to heterosexual relations, with the virus primarily being transmitted through sexual intercourse, sharing hypodermic needles, and from infected mothers to their infants. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of A.I.D.S. transmission dynamics, underscoring the complexity of the disease and the varied factors influencing risk levels among individuals, which extends beyond mere sexual activity frequency.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880104_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880104.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568206000
6313,05,01,1988,"A.I.D.S. Also A Threat For Lesbians (Press, 5 January 1988)","On 5 January 1988, reports surfaced concerning the potential risk of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) transmission between women, particularly within the lesbian community. While A.LD.S. has predominantly affected homosexual men and intravenous drug users, some evidence has begun to emerge suggesting the possibility of female-to-female transmission of the virus, raising concerns among lesbian activists. Historically, the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, including A.LD.S., among lesbians has been considered low. According to Gayle Lloyd, a spokeswoman for the United States Centres for Disease Control (C.D.C.), although there have been cases of A.LD.S. among women and girls, the majority of documented cases have involved intravenous drug use or sexual contact with gay or bisexual men. As of late December 1987, the C.D.C. had recorded 3,890 cases of A.LD.S. in women but had not tracked the sexual preferences of those affected. Consequently, the exact number of lesbians with A.LD.S. remains unknown. Despite there being no proven instances of direct woman-to-woman transmission, two letters from medical professionals have sparked discussion within the gay press. These letters indicated that, in some recorded cases, it appeared that the A.LD.S. virus may have been transmitted between women through infected blood during sexual activities. One cited instance involved a woman contracting the virus from her drug-using female partner after blood contact during intimate relations. Another case discussed involved a Filipino dancer who tested positive for A.LD.S. after exclusively having female sexual partners, without any known risk factors such as intravenous drug use or blood transfusion. Dr. Stanley Weiss, one of the authors of the discussions regarding transmission risk, noted that while the available reports suggest female-to-female transmission could be possible, such occurrences are still considered to be rare. This has led some lesbian activists to advocate for precautionary measures, such as using surgical gloves and dental dams during intimate encounters, which are designed to prevent the exchange of bodily fluids. On the other hand, there are voices within the community who view these recommendations as unnecessarily alarming, arguing that the main groups affected by A.LD.S. continue to be homosexual men and intravenous drug users. Health officials estimate that between 1 million and 1.5 million Americans have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.), the pathogen responsible for A.LD.S., with transmission primarily occurring through sexual contact, shared needles among drug users, and from infected blood or blood products. The potential for female-to-female transmission of the A.LD.S. virus indicates a new area of concern that the lesbian community may need to address in light of the ongoing epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880105_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880105.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568292400
6314,05,01,1988,"A.I.D.S. Cases Increased By 25,000 In 1987 (Press, 5 January 1988)","In 1987, the world saw 25,000 new reported cases of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (A.I.D.S.), with researchers expressing doubts about the development of an effective vaccine before the year 2000. The World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) reported that as of December 2, there were 71,751 cases in 128 countries, although this figure was likely underreported, with estimates suggesting at least 150,000 people were infected globally. The United States had the highest number of victims at 47,022, followed by Europe with 8,620 cases and Africa with 8,490 cases. A U.S. government report issued in November warned that between five to ten million people worldwide were projected to be infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (H.I.V.), the agent responsible for A.I.D.S. This number could potentially increase tenfold in the coming years, highlighting the fact that no country accurately tracks the number of infections. About half of those infected with A.I.D.S. had died, according to W.H.O. estimates. The disease primarily spreads through sexual contact, shared needles among drug users, infected blood, and from pregnant women to their babies, with transmission patterns differing across regions. In Africa, it was primarily a heterosexual issue, whereas in North America, Latin America, and Europe, it predominantly affected the homosexual community and drug users. In 1987, two A.I.D.S. vaccine candidates were cleared for clinical testing in the United States, and one was being trialed in Zaire. W.H.O. chief epidemiologist Dr. Jose Esparsa referred to these experimental vaccines as ""candidate vaccines."" Dr. Martin Hirsch, a U.S. A.I.D.S. researcher, suggested it might take a decade or more to develop a safe and effective vaccine, but some experts warned that such a vaccine might never be found. The only government-approved drug for treating A.I.D.S. was AZT (azidothymidine), licensed in March 1987. While AZT could not cure A.I.D.S., it helped mitigate the severity of related infections. The side effects of AZT, such as a decrease in white blood cell counts and anaemia, prompted researchers to explore drug combinations to improve efficacy. With no solution yet in sight, efforts shifted towards education and prevention, with the number of U.S. states mandating A.I.D.S. education in schools tripling over six months. France planned to distribute a film to teach public school students about A.I.D.S. prevention, and the European Economic Community launched a five-year medical research programme focused on A.I.D.S. with an investment of $26 million. In Zaire, which faced criticism for being a potential A.I.D.S. epicentre, the government began providing information to W.H.O. for the first time. Alarmingly, even Asia, previously thought to be less affected, was warned of impending challenges related to A.I.D.S., given poor health practices. In February 1988, W.H.O. initiated its Special Programme on A.I.D.S. to assist countries in developing strategies for research and education, gathering over 90 nations to collaborate with the programme, which boasted a funding of $39.25 million in 1987. The consensus among health officials was clear: overcoming A.I.D.S. required a global effort.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880105_2_130_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880105.2.130.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568292400
7220,07,01,1988,"Proven A.I.D.S. Vaccine Still Years Away (Press, 7 January 1988)","As the year 1988 begins, approximately 25 potential AIDS vaccines are in various testing phases, although scientists believe a proven vaccine is still years away. American experts have indicated that a limited treatment for AIDS is already available, with additional, potentially more effective drugs believed to be close to distribution. By the end of 1987, the global number of AIDS cases had reached an estimated 150,000, and the World Health Organisation predicts this figure could double to around 300,000 in 1988. The virus is transmitted through sexual contact, infected blood, and from mother to child, with millions more infected with the AIDS virus but yet to exhibit symptoms. AIDS, which compromises the body's ability to combat disease, has rapidly become one of the world's most feared illnesses since its discovery just six years ago. It is invariably fatal and can be spread by individuals who may not show signs of the disease. The virus's ability to remain dormant in the body for years means that many victims are unaware they are infected and capable of transmitting the virus. Researchers have faced challenges in developing a vaccine due to the virus's complexity and a lack of suitable test animals. Dr Robert Gallo, a leading AIDS researcher and co-discoverer of the virus, noted that chimpanzees and gibbons are the only known animals that can be infected with the human AIDS virus. Additionally, the existence of many variants of the virus complicates vaccine development; what may be effective against one strain might be ineffective against another. Currently, two vaccines have been approved in the United States for human trials, both in the early experimental stages. A third vaccine, developed by French scientist Daniel Zagury, has demonstrated limited effectiveness in boosting immunity against infection. Zagury, who has drawn attention by injecting himself with the experimental vaccine, described it as a potential prototype for future vaccines. The introduction of AZT (zidovudine), a drug that alleviates AIDS symptoms and extends patients' lives, has provided hope to many sufferers. Initially approved for sale in Britain in early 1987, AZT is now licensed in 37 countries and is being administered to around 19,000 AIDS patients worldwide. Despite being expensive and highly toxic for many, the drug has been effective in restoring brain function and strengthening the immune system, allowing many patients to return to more fulfilling lives. Dr Samuel Broder from the United States National Cancer Institute stated that AZT has led to a significant increase in survival rates, and ongoing trials are exploring the combination of AZT with another compound called DDC to reduce AZT's toxic side effects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880107_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880107.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568465200
6316,08,01,1988,"Night School Lessons In Spying (Press, 8 January 1988)","On 8 January 1988, Nick Davies, a journalist for the ""Guardian"" in London, described his experience attending a night class in covert operations in Washington D.C. for just seven dollars. The class, taught by David Atlee Phillips, a former CIA officer with extensive experience in clandestine activities, aimed to provide insight into the world of espionage. Phillips, who had served in various parts of Latin America and had a role in significant historical events such as the destabilisation of the Allende government in Chile, shared his knowledge of the CIA’s operations and addressed various questions from the students, who were serious about pursuing careers in intelligence. During the discussion, Phillips provided candid answers about the requirements and culture of the CIA. He noted that being gay could be a barrier to employment, as he was aware of individuals being fired for their sexual orientation, although recent changes at the National Security Agency (NSA) appeared more progressive. He indicated that past drug use could potentially be overlooked depending on the circumstances, and while he had not seen instances of women in the CIA being explicitly ordered to use sex for intelligence work, it could occur in deep undercover situations. The class comprised mainly young, white, middle-class individuals, equally divided in gender, genuinely eager to become covert operatives. Some students shared their personal experiences and concerns regarding the recruitment process and how their previous work or personal attributes might affect their chances of being hired. For instance, one woman who had applied to the CIA but delayed submitting her application due to its demanding nature received encouragement from Phillips to try again. Phillips also addressed questions about the dangers of being a spy, admitting that fatalities occurred, and he humorously recounted an incident where a gun issued to him for protection was stolen. When asked about the effectiveness of the CIA compared to other intelligence services, he acknowledged that while the British had once held that title, issues like the Philby scandal had diminished their reputation, and while the CIA was competitive, he regarded the Cubans as skilled spies with a unique ability to adapt. He also expressed a preference for Israeli support if ever in danger. Finally, Phillips reflected on the CIA's perception of his night classes, suggesting that some within the agency might consider his openness as unconventional, and he humorously speculated that he might be under surveillance in these sessions. He contrasted his experiences and freedoms with the restrictions evident in the British Government’s response to former agent Peter Wright's book, indicating his difficulty in understanding the latter's approach.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880108_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880108.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568551600
6795,08,01,1988,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 8 January 1988)","The discovery of ancient cuneiform tablets in Mesopotamia has led to the revelation of what may be the world's oldest recipes, as reported in “The Press” on 8 January 1988. Three clay tablets housed in the Yale University library showcase a sophisticated 4000-year-old cuisine. The majority of the recipes feature familiar meats and seasonings, but some, such as samidu and suhutinnu, remain unidentified by scholars. One highlighted dish, stewed kid, includes an array of ingredients such as garlic, onions, leeks, blood, fresh cheese, and fat, suggesting the use of potent seasonings. In a contemporary social development, feminists have welcomed a move by Britain's Islington Council, which has rebranded its Gay and Lesbian committee to the Lesbian and Gay committee. This change reflects a commitment to address the disadvantages faced by women, particularly lesbian women. In a light-hearted note on gender equality, a Christmas gift intended for Katie Chapman, an assistant buyer in an engineering company, has sparked criticism. The presents, which included a girlish calendar and a bottle of aftershave, highlight ongoing gender stereotypes in the workplace. Moreover, Czechoslovak surgeons have made headlines by inserting a heart pacemaker into 99-year-old Josef Pik, earning him the title of the country's oldest ""battery-operated granddad."" Surgeon Milos Novak noted the rarity of such procedures on elderly patients, although he mentioned that just two years prior, a 108-year-old woman in Britain had received a similar treatment. Pik attributes his longevity to a lifestyle devoid of smoking, moderate alcohol consumption, and an appreciation for beautiful women. On a historical note, visitors to Christchurch might find solace in excerpts from a 1917 edition of “The New Zealand Motorists’ Road Guide,” which reveals that navigating the city's one-way street system and signage has long been a challenge. The guide outlines strict parking regulations, such as limiting unattended vehicles on specific streets to no longer than five minutes in various areas, demonstrating the complexity of traffic laws even decades ago. However, these rules appear convoluted and perplexing, as highlighted by an especially intricate regulation from the 1917 guide that details complex parking restrictions in Colombo Street. The historical perspective reinforces the notion that the struggle with traffic regulations is nothing new for Christchurch motorists.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880108_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880108.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568551600
6315,08,01,1988,"Two Attacked Man Outside Bay Toilets (Press, 8 January 1988)","In Auckland, two men, David Mark Everett, 17, and Dean Lee Marvin, 19, have been convicted of assaulting a 68-year-old man outside the Okahu Bay toilets on December 3, 1987. The District Court heard that the attackers assumed the man was homosexual and attacked him with batons, causing significant injuries. Everett expressed his disdain for homosexuals, claiming he had been pestered by them in the past. The assault occurred around 11.30 p.m. when the complainant was approached by the two men, who believed he was seeking sexual contact. They struck him multiple times with batons, targeting his body, arms, and legs. In an attempt to defend himself, the victim offered his watch and wallet, which were subsequently discarded into the sea by the assailants. As a result of the brutal attack, the victim sustained broken and chipped bones in his right arm, a cut on his cheek, broken ribs, and severe bruising. He required hospital treatment for his injuries. Judge Bradford has remanded Everett and Marvin in custody until January 14, 1988, pending pre-sentence reports and sentencing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880108_2_92_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880108.2.92.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568551600
6796,09,01,1988,"Detecting The Difference (Press, 9 January 1988)","On 9 January 1988, Ken Strongman reviewed two crime fiction novels published by The Women’s Press: ""Death Comes Staccato"" by Gillian Slovo and ""Report for Murder"" by Vai McDermid. Both books are notable for their strong female protagonists and modern settings, representing a shift in crime fiction. In ""Death Comes Staccato,"" Slovo introduces Kate Beier, a competent private investigator who navigates various social strata in London. Hired by a wealthy and unpleasant woman to resolve issues concerning her 17-year-old daughter who is a musician, Beier confronts elements typical of traditional mysteries, such as murder, police corruption, and sexual themes. Despite its contemporary feel, the novel adheres to classic whodunit conventions and features a resilient and relatable detective. On the other hand, McDermid’s ""Report for Murder"" follows Lindsay Gordon, a working-class, feminist journalist and private investigator. The story unfolds as she investigates a murder at an elite public school in Derbyshire, where her former university friend is employed. While the narrative is well-crafted, Strongman notes a certain disconnect with the story’s overall outcome, which he compares to the melodrama of children’s literature like The Chalet School series. Though both novels offer engaging narratives, Strongman expresses a sense of discomfort with the reading experience, particularly regarding the portrayal of gender and intimate relationships, most notably in the lesbian themes of ""Report for Murder."" This evokes a feeling of voyeurism and a reminder of past literary experiences, where he once sought out female characters in adventure genres. He concludes that while these books are written by women for women, they also highlight the lingering effects of a patriarchal perspective in literature. Overall, Strongman appreciates the entertainment value present in the books but grapples with the intrinsic complexities of gender that influence the reader's experience, suggesting that these novels, while enjoyable, might primarily resonate with a female audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880109_2_96_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880109.2.96.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568638000
6319,13,01,1988,"A.I.D.S. Epidemic Feared In. Australian Prisons (Press, 13 January 1988)","On 13 January 1988, A.I.D.S. expert Professor John Dwyer warned that A.I.D.S. could become the leading cause of death among Australian prisoners in five years without immediate intervention to control the spread of the H.I.V. virus within prisons. Professor Dwyer, who leads the medicine school at the University of New South Wales and chaired the National Advisory Council on A.I.D.S. (N.A.C.A.I.D.S.), highlighted that state prison and health authorities had been slow to act on the recommendations provided in a report issued six months earlier. He attributed this lack of action primarily to prison officers' ignorance regarding A.I.D.S. Professor Dwyer urged state Health and Corrective Services Ministers to convene and create a national strategy to address the issue, emphasising the urgent need for action due to the prevalence of needle sharing among intravenous drug users, which has made prisons a breeding ground for the virus. He cited a concerning example from New South Wales’ Long Bay jail, where only 14 needles were available for over 200 intravenous drug users. Ex-prisoners were contributing to the spread of the virus within the heterosexual community, and Professor Dwyer advocated for a humane approach to managing A.I.D.S. within prisons, stressing that it was vital not only for the inmates but also for the protection of the broader community. The N.A.C.A.I.D.S. report proposed several measures, including random urine testing to curb intravenous drug use, as drug use was linked to approximately 90% of A.I.D.S. infections in prisons. Furthermore, Professor Dwyer recommended ending the segregation of infected prisoners, arguing that there were no medical justifications for isolating them based solely on their health condition. Additional recommendations from the N.A.C.A.I.D.S. report included the discreet distribution of condoms to prisoners, the decriminalisation of homosexual activities in Western Australia, Tasmania, and Queensland to promote safer practices, establishment of dedicated facilities for transsexuals, and making appropriate educational resources available for both prisoners and prison staff. The report also suggested appointing specialised A.I.D.S. counsellors within prisons and ending the practice of housing men and women together in A.I.D.S. units, as was occurring in New South Wales at that time. However, there was a lack of consensus within the committee regarding whether blood tests for the virus should be mandated for prisoners.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880113_2_95.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880113.2.95,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568983600
6318,13,01,1988,"Church Of England In Sex Dilemma (Press, 13 January 1988)","In November 1987, Dr David Young, the Bishop of Ripon, delivered an unassuming speech at a diocesan synod in Harrogate, advocating for the discipline of practising homosexual clergy in his diocese. Initially overlooked, his comments gained significant traction when reported in the media during Christmas week, positioning him as a representative of conservative values within the Church of England. Dr Young has historically opposed the inclusion of practising homosexual clergy but has recently found unexpected support from conservative church figures eager to reinforce traditional beliefs amid a controversial climate following a general synod debate on homosexuality. The synod had been perceived as indecisive, as it rejected a motion to expel unrepentant homosexual clergy. Instead, it amended a conservative motion to include a compassionate stance toward individuals while still acknowledging that homosexual acts are sinful. This left many congregants feeling the Church had shied away from addressing sin directly. The discussion surrounding the morality of clergy, particularly regarding issues of sexuality, is complicated by assertions of rampant homosexuality in theological colleges and differing interpretations of Biblical teachings. Prominent church leaders, including the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Robert Runcie, acknowledged the traditional view condemning homosexual acts but highlighted the need to approach individuals with compassion. The current climate shows a pronounced shift toward conservatism, likely influenced by public attitudes such as those intensified by the AIDS crisis. This shift includes a rise in support from some conservative bishops for stricter views on homosexuality within the clergy. Reports indicate potential numbers of gay clergy in the Church, but these figures are disputed. Many bishops suggest that the presence of homosexual clergy is generally more concentrated in London, reflecting a cultural environment that might attract such individuals. The conversation around homosexuality has been further complicated by historical debates, public criticisms of certain theological colleges, and the openness of prominent gay clergy. The fallout from Dr Young’s comments has evoked fear and anxiety among many gay Anglican priests, who worry about potential repercussions and loss of morale. Amid these tensions, some clergy have begun voicing their concerns about the rising scrutiny of their personal lives. There is a shared apprehension within the Church, as leaders strive to maintain compassion while grappling with the implications of explicitly addressing the presence of homosexuals in the clergy. Despite calls from bishops to avoid a witch hunt and to focus on pastoral care, the impending changes in how candidates for priesthood are selected may lead to an environment where clergy might feel pressured to conceal their sexual identities to preserve their positions. The response from various church figures indicates an ongoing struggle within the Church of England to reconcile traditional views with the realities of a changing social landscape, creating an environment rife with tension and uncertainty regarding the future of homosexual clergy within the Church.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880113_2_83_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880113.2.83.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568983600
6317,13,01,1988,"Inside (Press, 13 January 1988)","A Hercules transport aircraft has been successfully flown again after being buried in Antarctica for 16 years. This significant event showcases the aircraft's durability and the efforts to restore it to operational status. In other news, the commemorations for Waitangi Day at Okains Bay in the South Island are expected to proceed without any protest actions. This reflects a generally harmonious atmosphere for the events planned. On the international front, the trial of suspected members of the militant group Action Directe began in Paris, featuring heavy police security. This trial marks a notable moment in the ongoing legal pursuits against political extremism in France. A new television current affairs programme is set to launch, aiming to fill a gap in the summer-holiday broadcasting schedule. This initiative suggests a responsiveness to audience needs during a period traditionally characterised by less robust programming. In England, the debate surrounding the role of homosexual clergy has intensified following a bishop's recent pronouncement. Many homosexual vicars are experiencing heightened insecurity as the controversy unfolds, reflecting broader societal discussions on sexuality and religion. In the racing world, Advocate is preparing for a return after a serious setback last November. The horse's recovery and upcoming racing efforts are being closely watched by fans and participants in the sport. Overall, the news from 13 January 1988 encompasses a range of topics, from aviation and local celebrations to significant trials and social debates, demonstrating the diverse issues of the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880113_2_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880113.2.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,568983600
6320,16,01,1988,"More Than 20 Petitions Presented Every Day (Press, 16 January 1988)","On 16 January 1988, it was reported that more than 20 petitions were presented daily to the New Zealand Parliament in late 1987, with a significant number coming from communities aiming to stop the closure of local post offices. Among these petitions, one of the most notable was an enormous 800,000-signature petition opposing the reform of homosexual law. Mr Hunt, the Leader of the House, stated that petitions often addressed issues such as seeking relief for grievances, amending laws, or changing government policies. Petitions are typically presented by local members of Parliament, although this does not imply that the member endorses the petition. These representatives are not permitted to sign the petitions themselves. Once a petition is submitted, it is referred to the Clerk of the House to ensure it meets the necessary standing orders and is forwarded to the relevant select committee for review. Upon receiving a petition, government departments related to the issue are provided with a copy and tasked with submitting a report to the committee. Petitioners are also invited to submit any supporting written evidence or remarks. During a committee hearing, petitioners can present their case orally and interact with department officials, who also provide insights based on their submissions. Members of the committee are allowed to question both the petitioners and the departmental representatives. Following the hearing, the select committee prepares a report for Parliament, which may recommend taking no further action or may suggest that the report be considered, favourably considered, or most favourably considered by the government. Once the report is tabled, the Clerk is responsible for informing the petitioner about the outcome. Mr Hunt pointed out that since 1967, the government is required to inform Parliament of its decision regarding a petition within 28 days of receiving the committee's recommendation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880116_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880116.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,569242800
7143,16,01,1988,"Plans To Enliven ‘street’ Blocked (Press, 16 January 1988)","Granada Television executives have rejected proposals from ""Coronation Street"" scriptwriters to introduce gay characters and a black family in response to competition from the rival soap ""EastEnders."" The scriptwriters viewed the character Hilda Ogden's exit as an opportunity to diversify the cast and attract viewers amid the ongoing ratings struggle. However, according to the ""Sun"" newspaper, Granada management dismissed these ideas, fearing that introducing such characters would compromise the show's family-friendly image. An insider from ""Coronation Street"" stated that the executives believe ""EastEnders""' success is temporary and worry that changes to the cast could alienate their existing audience. Since its launch three years prior, ""EastEnders"" has consistently outperformed ""Coronation Street"" in UK ratings thanks to its edgier storylines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880116_2_109_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880116.2.109.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,569242800
7236,18,01,1988,"'Education, Free Condoms A Must To Stop... (Press, 18 January 1988)","On 18 January 1988, the Wellington Gay Task Force emphasised the urgent need for free and easily accessible condoms to prevent a potential A.I.D.S. epidemic in New Zealand. The group highlighted that A.I.D.S. affects both heterosexuals and homosexuals, posing significant social policy challenges. In their submission to the Royal Commission on Social Policy, they advocated for the creation of a trade union A.I.D.S. centre under the Council of Trade Unions. This centre, funded by the Health Department, the State Services Commission, and employer groups, would focus on educating the public about A.I.D.S. prevention. The Gay Task Force argued that this approach would be more effective than traditional methods such as the distribution of leaflets and media ad campaigns, as it would foster better understanding and encourage the necessary behavioural changes to curb the epidemic. They asserted that using fear tactics or promoting celibacy and monogamy were ineffective in preventing the spread of A.I.D.S. Instead, they stressed the importance of promoting condom use, not just as a means of contraception but also as protection against various sexually transmitted infections, including chlamydia, syphilis, and A.I.D.S. The group noted that A.I.D.S. represents a complete breakdown of the immune system due to human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.) infection and expressed concern that there is little hope for a cure or vaccine in the near future. While full A.I.D.S. is a notifiable condition, they argued against the necessity of notifying lesser manifestations of H.I.V. due to the absence of specific treatments. They also highlighted the need to respect the privacy of individuals with positive H.I.V. antibodies, especially considering the emotional implications associated with A.I.D.S. The Gay Task Force opposed any legislation requiring the notification of H.I.V.-positive tests, citing that such measures in New South Wales had led to individuals avoiding testing and refusing to disclose their contacts. They rejected the idea of mandatory H.I.V. testing, particularly for prisoners, deeming it unjustifiable. Furthermore, they raised concerns regarding hospital practices where individuals, particularly those perceived to be gay, were tested for H.I.V. without their consent. They maintained that H.I.V. antibody testing should only occur with the informed consent of the individual, labelling any unauthorized testing as an assault. Overall, the Gay Task Force's submission underscores the need for comprehensive education and an emphasis on consent in addressing the A.I.D.S. crisis, aiming to foster a supportive and informed community response to the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880118_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880118.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,569415600
6321,23,01,1988,"Judge Likens Youths To British Hooligans (Press, 23 January 1988)","On 23 January 1988, a District Court judge in Auckland, Judge Duncan, condemned the violent attack by two youths on a 60-year-old man, likening it to the gang violence seen in Britain. The offenders, 19-year-old Dean Lee Marvin, a truck driver, and 17-year-old David Mark Everett, a manager, had previously pleaded guilty to a joint charge of causing grievous bodily harm with intent to injure. The attack occurred at Okahu Bay on 3 December 1987, when the pair, upon seeing a man in a doorway, decided to assault him under the mistaken belief that he was a homosexual seeking other homosexuals. During the assault, Marvin and Everett used wooden batons to strike the victim, with Everett throwing him against a wall and swinging his baton in a threatening manner. Marvin targeted the man's thigh and knee, and after the victim was knocked to the ground, both youths continued their attack, inflicting injuries including a broken right arm, wrist, and rib, as well as bruising. The victim attempted to offer his watch and wallet to stop the violence, but Everett took the items and discarded them in the sea. Both youths confessed to the attack during police questioning. Everett claimed a deep-seated hatred for homosexuals based on personal experiences, while Marvin stated he was merely following his friend. The court did not receive a psychiatric report regarding Everett's mental state. Judge Duncan remanded Everett to Carrington Hospital for two weeks and postponed sentencing until 4 February. He sentenced Marvin to six months in prison and disqualified him from driving for nine months, underscoring the need to protect the public from such acts of senseless violence. The judge made it clear that the victim's sexual orientation, even if he were identified as homosexual, did not justify the brutal beating he received. He strongly emphasised that the kind of behaviour exhibited by Marvin and Everett would not be tolerated in society, equating their actions to those of hooligans who seek to harm innocent individuals without provocation. The judge's remarks were a call for appropriate sentences to deter similar actions in the future, highlighting the need for community safety and accountability. Marvin's counsel suggested that Everett was the instigator, with Marvin merely following his lead.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880123_2_80_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880123.2.80.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,569847600
6322,23,01,1988,"Let’s Call A Spade A Spade (Press, 23 January 1988)","On 23 January 1988, a column discussed the overuse of adjectives and euphemisms in journalism and societal communication, criticising their tendency to dilute meaning and coherence. The author expressed frustration with descriptors like ""run-of-the-mill"" and ""happily married,"" arguing that they are unnecessary and often misleading. For instance, the statement about being ""happily married for 25 years"" overlooks the reality that all marriages experience difficulties. The notion of describing someone as a ""confirmed bachelor"" was also challenged, questioning whether it insinuates a lack of interest in heterosexual relationships. The piece further examined how elderly individuals might be referred to in a condescending manner, using phrases like ""a ripe old age,"" suggesting that such language trivialises their experiences. The author noted that fashion publications are particularly guilty of excessive embellishment, portraying women who marry affluent partners in a way that can seem superficial and detracts from their authenticity. Additionally, the column delved into euphemisms that obscure the truth, such as ""woman's complaint"" for health issues, which trivialises genuine concerns. The term ""gay"" was mentioned in the context of societal discomfort with openly identifying as such, particularly in a personal anecdote involving the author's sister. Overall, the author's tone conveyed a deep dissatisfaction with the way language is often manipulated to evoke certain emotions or portray individuals in a specific light, ultimately leading to confusion and a loss of credibility. The column indicated that clarity, straightforwardness, and honesty in communication should be prioritised over ornate language. The article concluded by noting the return of Sue Hampton’s column to its mid-week slot, while Rosaleen McCarroll would resume her Saturday column.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880123_2_87_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880123.2.87.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,569847600
6323,23,01,1988,"Sex Changes In The Music Halls (Press, 23 January 1988)","Vesta Tilley, written by Sara Maitland and published in 1987 by Virago Press, is a detailed exploration of the life and career of Vesta Tilley, a renowned performer of the Victorian music halls. Matthews' review highlights the transformation of music halls from venues associated with social vice in the 1840s to platforms for talented performers like Tilley by 1912, when she appeared in a Royal Command Performance. Tilley specialised in ""performance drag"" and became a notable male impersonator, achieving significant fame and wealth despite her working-class origins. The book delves into Tilley's rise to prominence as Lady de Frece, the wife of a Conservative MP, and examines her duality in maintaining societal respect while being a pioneering drag performer. Maitland emphasises Tilley’s perfectionism in her craft, noting her meticulous approach to performance, including her choice of costumes and body maintenance. Tilley's retirement from the stage in 1920 marked the end of an illustrious career that spanned five decades. Her final song received a lengthy ovation, signifying the impact she had on her audience and her peers. Behind the scenes, however, Tilley's personal life was characterised by decorum and a commitment to her marriage, contrasting with the scandal often associated with her contemporaries in the performing arts. Maitland's work is not merely a biography; it addresses broader socio-political issues related to gender and performance. The book contemplates the implications of cross-dressing in an era striving for gender equality and examines the historical context of women who defied social conventions through their attire. By referencing other historical cross-dressers, such as Joan of Arc and Greta Garbo, the author positions Tilley's contributions within a larger feminist narrative, illustrating how these figures sought liberation from the constraints of their gender roles. The review also contrasts the societal acceptance of male impersonators versus female impersonators, highlighting how the latter often reinforced negative stereotypes of women. Tilley, by contrast, managed to navigate this landscape with poise, carefully curating her performances to resonate with the middle-class audiences that supported her. Overall, ""Vesta Tilley"" is described as an engaging blend of theatrical history and scholarly commentary on women's shifting roles and gender ambiguity over the past century. The book serves as both an homage to Tilley’s extraordinary talent and a thought-provoking examination of the cultural dynamics of gender and performance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880123_2_117_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880123.2.117.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,569847600
6324,28,01,1988,"Integration Of A.I.D.S. Sufferers Encouraged (Press, 28 January 1988)","A global conference on AIDS, held in London and attended by health ministers and experts from 150 countries, emphasised the negative impact of isolating or discriminating against individuals with AIDS on public health efforts. On the first day of the conference, Dr Jonathan Mann, a prominent AIDS specialist from the World Health Organisation (WHO), highlighted that effective education and behaviour change are hindered when HIV-infected individuals face exclusion or stigma. He argued that isolating these individuals reflects a lack of confidence not only in their ability to prevent transmission but also in the general public's understanding of the disease. Dr Mann noted that while many countries had contemplated implementing travel restrictions for those with HIV over the past year, only a few had followed through. He expressed concern that such border measures might exacerbate international tensions and lead to further discrimination against AIDS victims. Despite some progress in decreasing stigma associated with AIDS, he emphasised the need for strong leadership to maintain this momentum, citing the Pope's supportive actions toward an infected child during a visit to the United States as an example of effective leadership. Transmission routes for AIDS typically include sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, blood transfusions, and from mother to child. Although originally impacting primarily homosexual and bisexual men as well as intravenous drug users in Western nations, the WHO projected that by 1991, the disease would equally affect heterosexual populations, potentially leading to one million new infections. Conference discussions highlighted that significant changes in behaviour are essential to control the spread of the virus, with evidence suggesting that some high-risk groups have begun to alter their behaviours in response to the epidemic. Overall, the conference aimed to address the critical need for comprehensive education and supportive policies to combat the AIDS crisis effectively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880128_2_62_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880128.2.62.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,570279600
7221,04,02,1988,"Price Of A.I.D.S. Drag Drops 22 P.c. (Press, 4 February 1988)","On 4 February 1988, it was reported that more A.I.D.S. patients in New Zealand may soon have access to the drug Retrovir following a 22 per cent reduction in its price. Retrovir, also known as zidovudine or AZT, is not a cure for A.I.D.S. but is believed to prolong life and improve the quality of life for some patients. Introduced to New Zealand in June 1987, 17 A.I.D.S. patients had been approved for treatment, although three of these patients have since died. The initial high cost of Retrovir, estimated at $40 to $50 per day per patient, limited its availability. However, after a price cut just before Christmas, the cost for 100 capsules is now $282. This reduction was made possible due to falling production costs, as the Wellcome Foundation, the drug’s manufacturer, became more efficient in its production processes. Mr Bob Williamson, general manager of Wellcome New Zealand, explained that production had initially been rushed to meet demand, leading to higher costs that have since been refined. Mr Ralph Risely, principal medical officer in the Health Department’s medicines and benefits unit, noted that the price drop could enable a broader range of A.I.D.S. patients to receive the treatment. The A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee was set to discuss the implications of this price reduction in their upcoming meeting later that month. The criteria for granting access to Retrovir remain focused on the patient’s medical condition, although financial considerations are also a factor due to the continuing expense associated with the drug. While Retrovir functions by inhibiting the replication of the A.I.D.S. virus, preventing its spread within a patient’s white blood cells, it is important to note that it does not eradicate the virus. Consequently, patients need to undergo ongoing treatment. The drug also has potential side effects, including the suppression of red and white blood cell production, which may require blood transfusions for about one-third of patients on the full dosage. As of January 7, 1988, there were 60 reported A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand, with 24 fatalities. The reduced cost of Retrovir could significantly impact the treatment options available for these patients, as the Health Department looks to make treatment more accessible amid the ongoing challenge of the A.I.D.S. epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880204_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880204.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,570884400
6325,06,02,1988,"Sweden’s Live-in Lovers Now Married By Law (Press, 6 February 1988)","On 6 February 1988, a new Swedish law known as the ""cohabitees law"" took effect on January 1, granting live-in lovers, irrespective of their sexual orientation, the same legal rights as married couples in Sweden. This legislation aligns with Sweden's progressive approach to recognising diverse relationship structures beyond traditional marriage, reflecting the country's support for liberal lifestyles and minority social groups. Under the law, individuals in cohabiting relationships are entitled to equal rights over all jointly acquired property, regardless of who financed its purchase. The Swedish government is actively promoting this change through a national poster campaign that encourages couples to understand their legal rights, with slogans that highlight the importance of being aware of the law before potential relationship separations. Family law expert Hans Jacobsson noted the uniqueness of this legislation, while Egon, a 35-year-old cohabitee, expressed his approval of the law, arguing that he and his partner have developed a relationship that carries the same significance as that of a married couple and should thus enjoy equal rights and responsibilities in the event of a breakup. Many Swedes, like Egon and Gun, have chosen cohabitation over marriage for reasons including easier separation options and personal values rejecting traditional societal norms. The term ""sambo,"" which translates to cohabitee, is integrated into Swedish culture and language, with Swedes casually introducing their ""sambo"" in social settings. Jenny, a 28-year-old, represents those who live together before marriage but plan to legally marry in the future. She highlighted that the new law would not significantly impact her and her boyfriend’s situation, but would necessitate a cohabitation agreement if they did not intend to marry, particularly concerning shared assets. The law ensures that in the event of separation, partners have a claim to half of any jointly acquired property, which could be adjusted through a written agreement. This has been particularly relevant for same-sex couples, who, according to Justice Ministry official Severin Blomstrand, have gained equal standing to heterosexual couples regarding property division upon the dissolution of their relationships. However, Blomstrand acknowledged that there is still discontent within the homosexual community, as they remain without the rights to marry and adopt children. While the acceptance of live-in partnerships in Sweden signifies a shift in societal norms, marriage still remains the prevalent form of cohabitation, although Swedish citizens tend to marry later in life, often after having children. This change in attitudes towards relationships and family structures continues to reflect Sweden's broader commitment to equality and progressive values.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880206_2_147.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880206.2.147,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,571057200
6326,09,02,1988,"Noisy Scenes In Modern Western (Press, 9 February 1988)","Published on 9 February 1988, the review by David Clarkson highlights two contrasting videos released in New Zealand by Warner Home Video, both carrying an M rating. The first is ""Rancho Deluxe,"" described as a modern Western comedy starring Sam Waterston and Jeff Bridges. The film features two Indian protagonists, Jack and Cecil, who engage in cattle rustling using unconventional methods like a rifle and chainsaw while traveling through Montana. Their primary ambition is wealth, leading them to scheme a successful kidnapping of a prized bull. The film is portrayed as light-hearted, well-paced, and humorous, with notable performances including Slim Pickens as a stock detective who, despite appearing bumbling, harbours a cleverness beneath his facade. The movie includes a notably noisy love scene, set against Montana's beautiful landscape. In stark contrast is ""Three Kinds of Heat,"" a police drama focused on a gang of international criminals smuggling gold, drugs, and weapons. This film features intense shootouts and significant action, beginning with a chaotic gunfight at JFK Airport involving rival factions and various law enforcement officers. The narrative quickly escalates as it shifts between New York and London with minimal transition. The team tackling the gang includes Robert Ginty, Victoria Barrett, and an Asian martial artist known as Shakti, under the direction of Leslie Stevens. This video is marked by its high stakes and clear moral dichotomy, where heroes are portrayed as exceedingly virtuous and villains as exceptionally nefarious. Lastly, the review mentions ""Penitentiary in,"" which delves into a corrupt prison system run by an inmate exploiting a debt-ridden warden. The storyline follows boxer Too Sweet, sentenced for manslaughter, who is coerced into becoming a participant in brutal boxing tournaments manipulated by the gang boss. The film's violence is highlighted through its depiction of excessively brutal fight scenes, culminating in a disturbing finale. Overall, each video offers distinct themes: ""Rancho Deluxe"" embodies a comedic take on Western tropes, while ""Three Kinds of Heat"" presents a gritty and violent urban crime narrative alongside ""Penitentiary in's"" dark exploration of prison life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880209_2_115_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880209.2.115.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,571316400
6328,10,02,1988,"Attacks Forcimg ‘gays’ Back In The Closet (Press, 10 February 1988)","On 10 February 1988, a report highlighted growing concerns among British homosexual groups about a resurgence of hostility and aggression towards the LGBTQ+ community, reminiscent of earlier, less tolerant times. The narrative escalated with a recent incident in the House of Lords, where a group of women protested against the passage of a legal clause aimed at prohibiting local councils from ""promoting homosexuality."" This hostile atmosphere has reportedly led to a significant increase in assaults on homosexuals, with Philip Derbyshire from the GALOP group citing a nearly fourfold rise in such incidents over the past year. The environment has been further inflamed by extreme actions, including an arson attack on a homosexual newspaper office. Derbyshire described the climate as one of ""queer-bashing"" amidst ongoing fears stemming from the A.I.D.S. crisis and negative media portrayals. Christmas saw a troubling wave of violence in east London, featuring a notable incident where a gang targeted individuals leaving a gay bar. Homosexuality has also become a contentious issue within the Church of England. Although there was an attempt to prevent homosexuals from serving in the clergy, church liberals successfully opposed this move, expressing a more nuanced stance on the subject. However, some bishops, like the Bishop of Ripon, have faced criticism for their discriminatory views, leading to tabloid headlines that mocked and vilified homosexuals. The situation has been compounded by the perception that societal attitudes towards homosexuality have hardened, causing anxiety among those within the church. The Rev. Richard Kirker, a prominent figure within the Gay Christian Movement, noted a significant percentage of Anglican clergy identify as homosexual and are now facing job insecurity due to rising hostilities. The article also reflected on the historical context, tracing the roots of the contemporary homosexual rights movement to the 1967 act that legalised consensual homosexual relationships. John Marshall, editor of ""Gay Times,"" expressed concern that the current media narratives threaten the confidence gained over the past two decades, underscoring the precarious state of public acceptance. A backlash against the gains achieved by the LGBTQ+ community is evident, particularly with Conservative politicians advocating for restrictive legislation against the perceived promotion of homosexuality. The government dismissed fears regarding the impact on arts and civil rights, framing the legislation as protective, especially for youth. The outlook was bleak, with some commentators accusing the homosexual rights movement of pushing an intolerable agenda, suggesting that societal acceptance was not as entrenched as advocates would hope. Overall, the report painted a picture of escalating conflict surrounding LGBTQ+ rights in Britain during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880210_2_169.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880210.2.169,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,571402800
6327,10,02,1988,"Confusing Path From Back Streets To Big Time For... (Press, 10 February 1988)","Bruce Springsteen, often hailed as a working-class hero, has an intriguing and complex life journey that contrasts starkly with the themes of hardship found in his music. Born on September 23, 1949, in Freehold, New Jersey, Springsteen grew up in a struggling household. His father, Douglas, endured a series of dead-end jobs while his mother, Adele, maintained the family’s finances as a legal secretary. The oppressive atmosphere at home inspired many of Springsteen's songs, reflecting the struggles of America’s underprivileged. From a young age, Springsteen was captivated by music, purchasing his first record at eight and expressing a desire to emulate Elvis Presley. Despite initially struggling with guitar lessons, he eventually found inspiration in the Beatles and taught himself to play. He faced social challenges throughout his youth, feeling isolated and rejected at school, where his long hair led to his exclusion from graduation ceremonies. These experiences of failure and rejection contributed to his resilience in the music industry. Springsteen first gained prominence with his band The Castiles, and despite an uncertain early career, his big break came in 1972 when he was signed by CBS Records. His third album, ""Born To Run,"" released in 1975, achieved massive success in America but did not resonate as strongly abroad initially. It wasn’t until the hit single ""Dancing In The Dark"" in 1985 that his international fame truly began to rise, leading to records like the highly successful ""Bruce Springsteen And The E Street Band Live – 1975-85."" Now estimated to have a fortune of $120 million, Springsteen still associates himself with his working-class roots. He often spends leisure time drinking beer and playing pool with childhood friends, and he actively supports various charitable causes, donating nearly $4 million in two years. While he enjoys a modest public lifestyle, critics highlight the discrepancies between his charitable image and his personal life, such as his ownership of two luxurious homes and his marriage to model Julianne Phillips. Despite the contradictions in his life, Springsteen has remained true to his craft, prioritising his audience's enjoyment during his electrifying concerts, which can last from three to four hours. He stays clear of the typical pitfalls associated with rock stardom, such as substance abuse or scandals, demonstrating a commitment to his art. Ultimately, Springsteen’s legacy extends beyond wealth or fame; it is embodied in his music and the connection he fosters with his fans.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880210_2_106_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880210.2.106.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,571402800
6797,11,02,1988,"Commons On Tv (Press, 11 February 1988)","On 11 February 1988, the British Parliament made a historic decision to allow television cameras into the House of Commons on an experimental basis. This vote saw the pro-television lobby achieve a significant victory against expectations, winning by a margin of 318 to 264, despite opposition from Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. The push for this change had been largely championed by Labour member Austin Mitchell, a former broadcaster from New Zealand, who received congratulations from Labour leader Neil Kinnock following the successful vote. The implementation of the televising is set to begin in November after remote-control cameras are installed during the summer recess. The initial focus will be on the Prime Minister's question time, known for its spirited exchanges between the Prime Minister and the opposition. Commentary surrounding the decision suggested that it could take until May 1989 before Parliament votes on whether to continue the television experiment, indicating that there may still be debate about its future. In a surprising turn, some Members of Parliament expressed their concerns about the introduction of cameras. One MP remarked that the presence of television might attract more disruptive protests, referring to an incident in the House of Lords where three women had used ropes to abseil from the gallery. The decision to permit televise the Commons followed a previous parliamentary debate in November 1985, where the motion was rejected by a narrow margin of 12 votes. The recent influx of newly elected Members of Parliament from the previous year's General Election is believed to have played a crucial role in shifting the balance toward the decision to broadcast proceedings, marking a significant change in the cultural landscape of British politics and the relationship between the media and Parliament.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880211_2_59_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880211.2.59.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,571489200
6329,11,02,1988,"Gay Partners Refused Free Travel Passes (Press, 11 February 1988)","On 11 February 1988, a dispute emerged in Auckland regarding the Auckland Regional Authority (A.R.A.) bus drivers' benefits for their partners. The Auckland Tramways’ Union reported that gay partners of bus drivers were being denied free travel passes, a benefit that was automatically provided to heterosexual staff members, including those who were married or in de facto relationships. Union secretary Bob Masefield highlighted the case of a lesbian bus driver whose application for a travel pass was turned down because she was not married. He pointed out that the A.R.A. justified its refusal by claiming that homosexual relationships did not have legal recognition. Masefield argued that, thus, this distinction was unfair and violated principles of equal rights, as all drivers should be entitled to the same benefits regardless of their sexual orientation. In response to the situation, the union proposed that the A.R.A. introduce an ""associate pass"" system. This pass could be utilised not only by partners of the drivers but also by their children or parents, thereby broadening the eligibility beyond just heterosexual relationships. A.R.A. bus committee chairman Jack McCorquindale refrained from further comment on the matter, citing ""various differences of opinion."" He indicated that discussions would take place between the union and A.R.A. officials later in the month to address the issue. The union's complaint has also been lodged with the Human Rights Commission, underlining the illegal nature of providing such benefits based on marital status.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880211_2_93.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880211.2.93,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,571489200
7450,12,02,1988,"Needle-exchange Cushion Against A.I.D.S. (Press, 12 February 1988)","A news article by Garry Arthur, published on 12 February 1988, discusses the shifting perception of the primary spreaders of A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) in New Zealand. Contrary to the common belief that gay and bisexual men are the main carriers, recent medical surveys suggest that intravenous drug users, particularly heroin addicts, pose a far greater risk of transmitting the disease to the wider non-gay community. The sharing of needles among drug users facilitates the spread of the A.I.D.S. virus through the exchange of blood. To combat this potential public health crisis, the New Zealand government has introduced a needle-exchange programme under the Misuse of Drugs Amendment Act, which took effect on February 1, 1988. This initiative allows pharmacists and other participants to sell needle and syringe packs to intravenous drug users, with the option to exchange used equipment for new supplies. The scheme is set to commence around April 1, and it aims to reduce A.I.D.S. transmission by making clean needles readily available. The programme has been developed with input from the New Zealand I.V. League, a voluntary group founded in response to the A.I.D.S. epidemic. The chairperson, Gary McGrath, and south island coordinator, Rodger Wright, have invested significant personal resources and efforts to address this health issue. They argue that the availability of clean needles will prevent users from sharing equipment, which numerous studies in other countries have shown to exacerbate the spread of A.I.D.S. Rodger Wright highlights that the sharing of needles is often driven by necessity rather than a choice, as drug users face acute shortages of sterile equipment. He points out that education alone has proven ineffective in deterring the practice of sharing needles, noting the high rates of hepatitis B infection among intravenous drug users. Wright stresses that while some may fear that increased access to needles could encourage drug use, this concern is misplaced. Evidence from places like Canada and Amsterdam suggests that needle availability has not led to higher rates of addiction. Instead, the New Zealand programme will include informational content about A.I.D.S. and safe practices, as well as a condom, linking the need for safe drug use and safe sex. There are also pressing issues regarding the spread of A.I.D.S. among prisoners, as Wright advocates for the introduction of methadone programmes, sterile syringes, and condoms in prisons, recognising that drug use and unsafe practices continue in those facilities. Wright believes that societal stigma against intravenous drug users must change, arguing for a paradigm shift in perception, from condemnation to acceptance. He suggests that understanding and addressing the self-esteem issues faced by these individuals will lead to better health outcomes and reduce transmission rates. He estimates that approximately 30,000 New Zealanders have been intravenous drug users at some point, and the focus should shift to preventing the spread of A.I.D.S. within this population and to their partners and children.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880212_2_111_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880212.2.111.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,571575600
6798,22,02,1988,"Baby Named After Perfume (Press, 22 February 1988)","On 22 February 1988, gossip columnist David Hartnell shared an array of celebrity tidbits, revealing insights into the lives of various stars. One notable piece of information was that singer Olivia Newton-John named her baby Chloe after the perfume she wore when she first met her husband, Matt Lattanzi. Reflecting on missed opportunities, Hartnell noted that actor John Ritter regretted turning down the role of Arthur in the film of the same name. Ritter felt he couldn't convincingly portray a drunk for an extended period, which ultimately led to Dudley Moore taking on the role. The column also touched on the romantic life of former Ms. Stallone, Brigitte Nielsen, who is reportedly dating 24-year-old Jason Connery following their collaboration in the film ""Bye Bye Baby."" Nielsen addressed allegations of a lesbian affair with her secretary, Kelly Sahnger, firmly stating that she is ""not a lesbian"" and is a ""totally normal, healthy woman."" In a round-up of pop culture happenings, Hartnell mentioned that Elton John might be in line for a knighthood, as he has received support from the royal family, including a tea visit from Prince Andrew, Sarah Ferguson, the Queen Mother, and Princess Margaret, during his struggle with lawsuits related to his personal life. Reflecting on the previous year in film, Hartnell listed the winners of various ""worst"" movie categories for 1987. The title of Worst Movie went to Sylvester Stallone's ""Over the Top,"" while Madonna was named Worst Actress for ""Who's that Girl."" Other categories highlighted Jodie Foster as Worst Supporting Actress for ""Siesta"" and Howie Mandel as Worst Actor for ""Walk Like a Man."" Several celebrities were noted to be turning 50 in 1988, including Jack Jones, Oliver Reed, and Tina Turner, marking a significant milestone for these public figures. Additionally, Hartnell highlighted the upcoming publication of ""Texas in the Morning — My Secret Life with L.B.J."" by Madeleine Duncan Brown, who claimed to be the mistress of former President Lyndon B. Johnson for 21 years. The book promised revelations about their relationship, including Johnson's enthusiastic expressions of love for Texas. The column also mentioned Jacqueline Stallone, who disclosed in an interview that Sylvester Stallone was originally named Tyrone, sharing some amusing family nicknames. In a potential upcoming project reflecting on Liberace's life, Scott Thorson, the entertainer's former lover, is reportedly in discussions with a US TV studio about developing a series based on his experiences. Lastly, Dolly Parton’s husband, Carl Dean, rejected a lucrative offer to write a book about life with his superstar wife, emphasising his preference for a private life. Joan Collins was also featured, listing the six women she admires most, which included figures like Brigitte Bardot and Mother Teresa, with a humorous nod to her not including herself. Throughout, Hartnell's commentary showcased the often scandalous and entertaining nature of celebrity culture in 1988.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880222_2_86_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880222.2.86.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,572439600
6330,24,02,1988,"New Twist To Old Fairy Tale In Danish A.I.D.S.... (Press, 24 February 1988)","In February 1988, Denmark launched an innovative anti-AIDS campaign that incorporated an updated rendition of Hans Christian Andersen's ""The Emperor’s New Clothes"". The campaign features a narrative in which the emperor is told by healers that they can protect him with an invisible shield against sickness. As he parades around town feeling safe, a young girl discovers that he is not wearing a condom and offers him one. The campaign aims to convey a serious message about safe sex amid the rising concerns regarding AIDS in Denmark. Dr. Lone de Neergaard, head of the AIDS campaign at Denmark's National Board of Health, remarked on the positive reception of the campaign at the first global AIDS conference in London. She noted, however, that such explicit imagery would likely not be replicated in other countries due to cultural sensitivities. The campaign's use of humour and explicit visuals is intended to stress life and safety rather than fear, contrasting with other campaigns that focus on the mortality aspect of AIDS. The Danish campaign is part of a broader effort to educate the populace about AIDS, which has notably high rates in Europe, with Denmark ranking third in incidence after Switzerland and France. By September 1987, the number of reported AIDS cases in Denmark had reached about 228, predominantly among homosexual men, with more than half of those affected having died from the disease. Public opinion on the campaign has been mixed. Although Danish people generally respond well to frank discussions about sex, some have expressed concern over the perceived moral implications of promoting ""safe sex"" without addressing traditional values. Dr. Villy Vestergaard-Olsen from the Danish Christian Doctors’ Association suggested that the campaign should embrace a message of sexual faithfulness rather than encouraging casual sexual relationships, a sentiment echoed by societal commentary which observes a reluctance to infuse moral discussions in the AIDS dialogue. Furthermore, there is a growing demand for comprehensive sex education in schools, with educators emphasising the importance of providing detailed and practical information about protective measures such as condoms. Observations indicate that the campaign is effective, as the rate of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection, has dropped to its lowest level in Denmark for the century, signalling a shift towards more responsible sexual behaviours among the population. Overall, the Danish AIDS campaign is a bold attempt to confront an urgent public health issue through creative storytelling and informative discussion, while also navigating the complexities of societal morals and values surrounding sexual health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880224_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880224.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,572612400
6331,27,02,1988,"Free Travel For Partners (Press, 27 February 1988)","On 27 February 1988, it was announced that Auckland Regional Authority (A.R.A.) bus drivers would now be eligible for free travel passes for their partners, including same-sex partners. This decision came after a recommendation from a staff committee, which stated that any driver could nominate a person for an “associate’s pass.” The only requirement was that the driver had to be employed by the A.R.A. for a minimum of three months. This policy change marks a significant shift from the previous year's decision when a lesbian bus driver was denied a free travel pass for her partner, leading to widespread criticism. The Auckland Tramways’ Union subsequently filed a complaint with the Human Rights Commission, claiming that the A.R.A. was discriminating against homosexual employees. While married and de facto partners of drivers previously received free passes, the committee was informed by legal advisers that the existing “spouse’s pass” was unlawful due to its discriminatory nature against single and same-sex partners. Mr Hiwi Tauroa, the committee’s chairman, expressed relief at the resolution of the issue, stating that it was not the authority's role to impose a moral standard on its employees. Mr Bob Masefield, the secretary of the Tramways’ Union, noted that the implementation of the “associate’s pass” would positively impact approximately 200 unmarried drivers and praised the term as “inoffensive and nonsexist.” This decision reflects a progressive step towards inclusivity in the workplace.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880227_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880227.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,572871600
7451,27,02,1988,"Not-so-nice Bowie (Press, 27 February 1988)","The biography ""Alias David Bowie"" by Peter and Leni Gillman, published in 1986, explores the multifaceted life of British pop icon David Bowie, highlighting his continuous journey of self-discovery over the past two decades. The authors present Bowie as a complex figure whose various stage personas, such as Ziggy Stardust and the Thin White Duke, mask the elusive character behind them. Throughout his career, Bowie has made contradictory statements about his personal life, including his background, inspirations, and sexuality, adding to the intrigue surrounding his identity. The Gillmans delve into Bowie's family history, noting the prevalence of mental health issues, which are echoed in his music. The biography touches on the profound impact of his schizophrenic half-brother Terry, who tragically took his life in 1985. The authors suggest that this significant loss marked a turning point for Bowie, allowing him to confront his own fears of madness and eventually embrace a more stable life and career. The book's central section focuses on Bowie's rise to stardom under manager Tony Defries, characterised by the chaos of fame, including bisexual relationships, drug use, and the excesses typical of the music industry. During this period, Bowie increasingly distanced himself from reality, developing a sense of superiority and alienation from the very fans who propelled him to success. While the authors provide a detailed account of Bowie's early life, familial background, and initial struggles in show business, the latter parts of the biography are deemed somewhat cumbersome by the reviewer. There's a sense that the Gillmans could have offered more insight into Bowie's time in Berlin, a pivotal era of his career, following the Ziggy Stardust phenomenon. Overall, the portrayal in ""Alias David Bowie"" reveals a figure driven by ambition, but also facing profound loneliness. Bowie emerges as a complex personality, whose ambitions and personas have masked a deeper struggle with identity and mental health. The reviewer notes that despite Bowie's accomplishments and status, he appears to remain isolated, sitting atop an ""ivory tower"" without genuine connection.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880227_2_111_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880227.2.111.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,572871600
6332,29,02,1988,"A.I.D.S. Not Spread By Mosquito — Study (Press, 29 February 1988)","A study conducted by a United States research team has determined that the A.I.D.S. virus cannot be transmitted by mosquitoes, countering fears held by local officials in Belle Glade, Florida. Dr Kenneth Castro, an A.I.D.S. researcher with the Centre for Disease Control in Atlanta, communicated that the study concluded insects are an unlikely vector for A.I.D.S. infection. The research focused on Belle Glade, a small farming community with a population of 16,500, which reported 93 A.I.D.S. cases between July 1982 and August 1987. This high prevalence of infection in a small population raised concerns, especially since many individuals did not have identifiable risk factors for the disease. Speculation had arisen in the community regarding mosquitoes as a potential source of infection. Dr Castro explained that their exhaustive investigation, which included interviews and risk factor identification, ruled out mosquitoes as a cause of the infection's spread. Instead, the study identified typical risk factors associated with A.I.D.S., such as sexual contact with infected individuals, intravenous drug use, blood transfusions, and being born to an infected mother. A significant aspect of the research was the finding that all A.I.D.S. victims in Belle Glade were aged between 10 and 60. The researchers suggested that if mosquitoes or environmental factors were responsible for transmitting the virus, the age distribution would likely differ. The study posits that A.I.D.S. was probably introduced to Belle Glade by homosexual or bisexual men and male drug abusers from outside the community. Furthermore, the researchers indicated that Belle Glade could serve as a model for understanding how the A.I.D.S. virus, known scientifically as the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.), may spread in other regions of the United States and globally. The study highlights that situations involving increased sexual activity with multiple partners, prostitution, and shared needles among drug users are likely to promote further H.I.V. transmission.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880229_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880229.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573044400
7069,01,03,1988,"Women Designers Are Championing Pants (Press, 1 March 1988)","The article by Suzy Menkes in the London Independent, published on 1 March 1988, explores the complex relationship between women, trousers, and fashion over the past 50 years. Initially, trousers were introduced to high street fashion, and over the past two decades, they have become a staple in women's wardrobes, with a variety of styles including jeans, cords, leggings, and ski pants. Despite this acceptance in casual settings, the corporate world remains conservative; many employment agencies continue to advise women against wearing trousers to interviews, deeming them ""too casual"" or ""too severe”, which can create a negative impression. The piece highlights a sense of irony, noting that many male fashion designers are behind the current trends that are phasing out trousers. In sharp contrast, women designers are standing up for the inclusion of trousers in women's fashion. Designer Katharine Hamnett criticises the trend of tight, restrictive skirts, pointing out that many male designers seem to envision women's clothing through a lens of what they would prefer women to wear. Menkes also references notable female designers like Sonia Rykiel and Donna Karan, who create clothing that reflects women's true styles and needs. With the launch of new collections, many of which feature trousers alongside more traditional items like skirts, there is a growing recognition of the desire for modern, functional clothing that still embraces femininity. For instance, designers like Agnes B from France focus on simplicity and beautifully tailored trousers, which resonate with the busy, modern woman while sidestepping overly extravagant designs. Nicole Farhi is cited as another influential designer who understands fine tailoring yet reinterprets those lines to suit the modern woman’s form, demonstrating that femininity can exist without excessive frills. Menkes points out the evolution of trouser designs: while classic pleat-front trousers persist, newer styles with high waists and wide legs are emerging, blurring the lines between comfort and elegance in women’s wear. The article captures a pivotal moment in women's fashion, highlighting the ongoing struggle between traditional expectations and contemporary needs. The narrative suggests that while trousers are becoming increasingly accepted, cultural stereotypes and biases continue to shape perceptions around women’s clothing choices, especially in the professional realm.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880301_2_100_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880301.2.100.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573130800
7222,02,03,1988,"More Patients To Get Drug? (Press, 2 March 1988)","On 2 March 1988, it was reported that the A.I.D.S. Advisory Committee in New Zealand proposed recommendations to the Government that could significantly increase the number of patients eligible for the life-prolonging drug Retrovir, also known as A.Z.T. Currently, only 14 individuals in New Zealand are receiving treatment with this medication. The committee, which includes members from the Health Department, is advocating for the guidelines regarding Retrovir's use to be broadened to include patients exhibiting early A.I.D.S.-related symptoms. If the Minister of Health, Mr. Cavgiil, approves these recommendations, it is expected that three to four times the current number of patients will qualify for treatment. The cost of administering Retrovir is approximately $12,000 per patient annually, not including additional expenses associated with hospitalisation and necessary medical follow-ups. Originally developed for cancer treatment, Retrovir has since been discovered to have beneficial effects for A.I.D.S. patients. Initially, it was believed that only those suffering from a specific type of pneumonia, which is common among A.I.D.S. patients, would benefit from the drug. However, research from England has indicated that individuals with various A.I.D.S.-related complications can also experience advantages from Retrovir. Clinical tests have revealed that the drug can dramatically reduce the 12-month mortality rate for A.I.D.S. patients from 60 per cent to just 10 per cent. Patients using Retrovir for three to four months have shown regression in symptoms, along with gains in weight and energy, reduced sweating, and fewer instances of infections. These promising developments highlight the drug's potential and the importance of broadening access to it for more individuals affected by A.I.D.S. in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880302_2_183.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880302.2.183,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573217200
6334,03,03,1988,"A.I.D.S (Press, 3 March 1988)","In a letter to the editor dated February 27, 1988, Bert Walker criticises the Labour Government of New Zealand for focusing on issues such as nuclear disarmament, nuclear ships, and sanctions against South Africa, while neglecting the reality of the AIDS epidemic that is impacting the nation. Walker highlights the severe nature of AIDS, likening its threat to that of the historical ""Black Death."" He notes that AIDS was initially referred to as G.R.I.D. (Gay-Related Immunodeficiency Disease) before its name was changed as part of efforts to support homosexual law reform. According to Walker, the ""N.Z. Health"" magazine reported that by the end of 1987 there were 51 reported cases of AIDS in New Zealand, with 21 of these resulting in death. He cites estimates from the World Health Organisation, stating that there are approximately 100,000 AIDS cases globally, with half of those individuals having died. He expresses concern about the situation in Uganda, suggesting that an entire generation is at risk. Furthermore, he references dire predictions that up to 90 percent of Africa's black population could succumb to the disease within a decade and that the situation in the Pacific region is also catastrophic. Walker urges the Labour Government to shift its focus from its current concerns to confront the more pressing and deadly epidemic of AIDS, emphasising the need for action against this public health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880303_2_171_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880303.2.171.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573303600
6799,03,03,1988,"An Easy Conscience Rider (Press, 3 March 1988)","Joan Baez, renowned for her pure soprano voice, rose to fame in the United States after her notable performance at the 1958 Newport Folk Festival. Emerging as a prominent figure in the 1960s, she became associated with the political left, particularly known for her rendition of ""We Shall Overcome."" Baez has authored an autobiography titled ""And a Voice to Sing With,"" which reflects on her life and career. In the initial stages of her career, she signed her first recording contract at the age of 18 and confidently refused to compromise her artistic integrity, believing her success stemmed from her righteousness rather than mere popularity. Baez describes her abilities as gifts, highlighting her singing voice and her desire to share it as her foremost attributes. Her commitment to social justice was evident early on, as she emerged from a family of Quaker academics and embraced pacifism. She actively participated in the civil rights movement alongside Martin Luther King Jr. in the early 1960s and campaigned against the Vietnam War. Baez famously spent Christmas in a bomb shelter in Hanoi, lifting spirits through song. Over the years, she became involved with numerous humanitarian causes, founding chapters of Amnesty International and performing for various groups, including Cambodian refugees, the mothers of the Disappeared in Argentina, and activists in Northern Ireland, Poland, and Russia. Although her record sales have diminished in the 1980s, she continues to attract large audiences at concerts worldwide, unflinchingly advocating for political awareness. In her autobiography, Baez candidly discusses her public life, while the sections on her private experiences are less detailed and more abstract. She employs poetic language to describe her childhood and significant relationships, such as those with Bob Dylan and her husband, David Harris. This vagueness extends to her references to personal struggles and moments of emotional turmoil, with occasional mentions of violent outbursts. Baez displays a greater sense of self in recounting her experiences at Live Aid, where she candidly engaged with others in the entertainment industry. She reflects on the fleeting nature of fame and the pressures faced by performers. Despite her self-doubt and insecurities, she remains most at ease when sharing her music with audiences. The memoir reveals Baez's complexity as both a public figure and an individual grappling with her identity. While she may overestimate her influence on listeners, there is an endearing quality to her earnestness and commitment to her art and message. Ultimately, Baez’s journey illustrates a deep connection between her music and her unwavering dedication to social change, showcasing how she has used her voice as a tool for advocacy throughout her life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880303_2_118_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880303.2.118.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573303600
6801,03,03,1988,"Killing On Good Friday Relived In Memoirs (Press, 3 March 1988)","Cheryl Crane, the daughter of Hollywood actress Lana Turner, recently released her memoir, ""Detour: A Hollywood Story,"" which delves into her tumultuous past and aims to set the record straight about events that have long been shrouded in myth, particularly the notorious 1958 killing of Johnny Stompanato. Stompanato was fatally stabbed by Crane during a confrontation with Turner, an incident that was ruled justifiable homicide but had profound and lasting repercussions on her life. Cheryl, now 44 years old, felt compelled to write her memoir to correct the many misconceptions about that fateful day, where speculation cast shadows on her mother’s character and her own motivations. She expressed frustration over claims made by others, such as B.D. Davis in her memoir about Bette Davis, which incorrectly suggested that Crane had an affair with Stompanato. The aim of Crane's book is not only to clarify her own story but also to confront and exorcise the demons from her past, including a childhood marked by abuse. Crane's childhood was marred by trauma beyond the Stompanato incident. She alleged that Turner’s fourth husband, Lex Barker, sexually molested her starting at the age of ten, a situation that she kept silent about until years later. While writing her book, Crane came to realise that her experiences of child abuse were not isolated incidents but rather part of a larger, troubling reality. This discovery shifted her memoir's focus from merely correcting false narratives to highlighting broader issues of abuse and silence that many experience. The relationship between Crane and her mother was strained following the Stompanato incident. Although Crane's actions that day were framed as protective, her life spiralled into despair, leading her to run away from home, attempt suicide, and spend time in mental institutions and reformatories. It was not until she began writing her book that she and Turner found the opportunity to discuss the killing and the impact it had on their lives for over 30 years. Through their conversations, Turner expressed gratitude to Crane for her actions, acknowledging that her daughter had saved her life that day. Crane’s memoir has garnered attention for its candid portrayal of her life and the unique challenges she faced growing up in a world filled with fame, scrutiny, and personal tragedy. The book has already attracted interest from film producers, indicating that her story may soon reach a wider audience. Cheryl Crane's narrative serves as a poignant reminder of the complexities behind the facades of Hollywood life and the hidden truths within family relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880303_2_179.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880303.2.179,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573303600
6800,03,03,1988,"Lesbian Directory ‘bizarre, Kinky’ (Press, 3 March 1988)","On 3 March 1988, John Banks, the Opposition member of Parliament for Whangarei, expressed his discontent regarding government support for specific groups, particularly focusing on a newly reported initiative by the Ministry of Women’s Affairs. His comments were triggered by an article that stated the Ministry was compiling a directory of resources for disabled lesbians. Banks characterised this initiative as a misguided prioritisation of ""bizarre and kinky"" interests, contrary to what he deemed the needs of ""decent wholesome women"" who were facing significant challenges. He highlighted the context of economic hardship, pointing out high rates of bankruptcy and unemployment at the time. Banks argued that while ordinary women were struggling to make ends meet, the government appeared more inclined to cater to the needs of what he referred to as ""strange individuals"" rather than addressing the pressing issues faced by the majority. His remarks reflect a broader societal debate about the allocation of governmental resources and the recognition of diverse community needs during times of economic difficulty.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880303_2_145.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880303.2.145,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573303600
6333,03,03,1988,"State Sector Bill Rush Expected (Press, 3 March 1988)","Sales of the State Sector Bill in Christchurch are anticipated to surpass those of the previous significant rush experienced with the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, according to the Government Bookshop. As of 3 March 1988, the shop had sold around 300 copies of the State Sector Bill and expressed optimism that additional copies from the third reprint would arrive soon. Mrs Jocelyn Heatley, the shop’s supervisor, noted that there are currently 59 people on the waiting list for the bill. The bookshop had not seen a demand akin to what they experienced with the Homosexual Law Reform Bill, but Mrs Heatley is confident that the State Sector Bill's sales will exceed that prior rush. Additionally, a special hotline arranged by the State Services Commission aimed at persuading public servants of the Government's position on the bill has garnered 154 calls within its first four working days. Inquiries to the hotline have primarily focused on employment conditions. Mr Andrew Annakin, project leader in the personnel management division, indicated that callers were particularly interested in what would occur with entitlements related to long-service leave and other types of leave. The staff on the hotline have reassured callers that there are no plans to remove current entitlements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880303_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880303.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573303600
7529,05,03,1988,"A.i.d.s. Dispute Forces Need For New Clinic (Press, 5 March 1988)","On 5 March 1988, the A.L.D.S. Foundation announced its intention to seek new premises away from Christchurch Hospital due to an ongoing disagreement with the Canterbury Hospital Board regarding the approach to AIDS testing. Warren Lindberg, the foundation's national director, indicated that the foundation faced challenges in reaching a consensus with the Hospital Board on multiple issues. Currently, the foundation was operating out of facilities that were located near the Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Clinic. While the foundation acknowledged the board's position that individuals at risk for HIV might also be at risk for other sexually transmitted diseases, it expressed strong opposition to the board’s policy of conducting routine STD testing on individuals seeking AIDS antibody tests. Lindberg articulated the foundation's stance, emphasising the necessity to prioritise the primary concerns of patients rather than imposing unexpected tests without adequate consideration of the implications. Confidentiality versus anonymity was another significant issue raised by the foundation. Lindberg pointed out that while the board offered confidentiality to individuals seeking tests, it did not provide true anonymity. The foundation ensured anonymity through the use of code names for its clients. Additionally, the board's suggestion of renaming the foundation to ""A.L.D.S. Information Centre"" was deemed inappropriate by Lindberg, as it undermined the foundation's efforts to protect client anonymity. The foundation further expressed dissatisfaction with the board's refusal to permit general practitioners selected by the foundation to conduct HIV testing at its own hospital facilities. Moreover, the foundation had not responded to a proposal from the board to share resources with the STD clinic. Lindberg conveyed the foundation's plans to pursue private fundraising to establish an independent clinic in Christchurch, as well as discuss potential government funding. The differences in approach between the foundation and the hospital board primarily revolved around the importance of counselling and the methods of HIV testing. Lindberg acknowledged that while the board valued counselling, it did not agree with the way the foundation advocated for testing protocols, and he recognised the board's right to hold such views. Dr Ross Fairgray, the medical superintendent-in-chief of the Hospital Board, declined to engage in media discussions regarding the dispute, stating that the board would not discuss the matter publicly. The situation outlined the conflicting ideologies around AIDS testing and patient care, highlighting the foundation's commitment to anonymous support and individualised testing strategies amidst bureaucratic challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880305_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880305.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573476400
7401,05,03,1988,"Complacency Over A.I.D.S.? (Press, 5 March 1988)","Staff at the Burnett Clinic in Auckland have expressed concern that the public may be becoming complacent about AIDS, as evidenced by a significant decline in the number of people seeking AIDS tests and pre-test counselling. This change in behaviour has coincided with an increase in the number of individuals identified as HIV positive who are seeking assistance. Mr. Dick Johnstone, a senior counsellor at the clinic, noted that for much of the previous year, the clinic primarily provided pre-test counselling services, but the focus has shifted towards supporting those who have tested positive for HIV antibodies and are experiencing health issues. The clinic’s records indicate a notable rise in the number of clients needing help. In July 1987, only seven people with HIV positive status were documented, whereas by December that figure grew to an average of 29. Recently, this number has surged to 59 individuals actively seeking help for conditions associated with their HIV status. In contrast, the demand for pre-test counselling services has drastically decreased. At peak times in 1987, the clinic would see up to 60 people weekly seeking these services. Currently, that average has dropped to about 25 people each week. The staff at the clinic are alarmed by this trend, as it suggests a reduction in prevention and awareness efforts among the public regarding AIDS and HIV.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880305_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880305.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573476400
6335,05,03,1988,"Plagiarism Through Time (Press, 5 March 1988)","In his review published on 5 March 1988, Ken Strongman lauds Peter Ackroyd's novel ""Chatterton,"" released by Hamish Hamilton in 1987. Strongman commends the book as an extraordinary achievement, claiming it surpasses Ackroyd's previously acclaimed work, ""Hawksmoor."" He urges even those who typically do not purchase novels to make an exception for this one, suggesting it is a must-read for the year. ""Chatterton"" delves into the theme of plagiarism, presenting a narrative that weaves between the eighteenth century and the contemporary world of twentieth-century London. The story follows Thomas Chatterton, a young poet involved in literary deceit, alongside Charles Wychwood, a poet navigating his own challenges in modern society. The plot is further complicated by events in the nineteenth century, illustrating how various characters are intertwined through a network of Bristolian booksellers. Central to the story is a series of manuscripts given to Wychwood, allegedly authored by Chatterton. These works suggest that Chatterton, even after his death, contributed to a body of poetry attributed to other notable figures, including Lord Byron. The motivations and subplots often stem from underlying themes of jealousy, with complex character relationships driving the narrative forward. Wychwood’s relentless pursuit of the truth about Chatterton is marked by a personal struggle with an unexplained illness. He is aided in his quest by a librarian friend who has his own romantic entanglements and an intriguing character named Harriet Scrope. Scrope, an older novelist and a self-proclaimed plagiarist, emerges as a memorable figure, described as amusing yet grotesque, and embodies a charmingly outrageous personality reminiscent of Anthony Powell's character Widmerpool. The novel is noted for its rich characterisation and intricate plotting, featuring layers of mysteries that unfold throughout the narrative. Ackroyd's mastery of language provides insightful reflections on the human condition, prompting readers to ponder his keen observations of life as they progress through the story. Strongman concludes that reading ""Chatterton"" undoubtedly enriches the reader’s experience, hinting at the notion that perhaps Chatterton himself might have penned the review in some earlier time. Overall, Strongman posits that Ackroyd is a formidable writer whose impact on literature is likely to endure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880305_2_130_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880305.2.130.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573476400
6975,10,03,1988,"Kurosawa’s ‘lear’ (Press, 10 March 1988)","Akira Kurosawa's film ""Ran,"" an adaptation of Shakespeare's ""King Lear,"" is set to premiere at the Metro theatre on Monday, 14 March 1988. In this acclaimed cinematic interpretation, the character of Lear is transformed into Lord Hidetora, a 16th-century war chief. At the age of 70, Hidetora decides to partition his kingdom among his three sons, mirroring the themes of familial conflict and betrayal present in Shakespeare's original play. Kurosawa's adaptation largely follows the dramatic structure of Shakespeare's narrative, incorporating essential elements such as the character of the Fool, portrayed by transvestite artist Peter, who brings a unique and lively interpretation to the role. While the film may lack the intricate verbal poetry characteristic of Shakespeare's writing, it compensates with stunning visual artistry that captivates the audience. The film is noted for its beautifully composed settings and dynamic battle sequences featuring five armies distinguished by vibrant banners and distinctive colours—red, yellow, blue, black, and white. Additionally, it draws inspiration from traditional Noh theatre, evident in the stylised costumes and elaborate make-up used throughout the film. Overall, ""Ran"" promises a visually rich and emotionally resonant experience that pays homage to both Shakespeare's narrative and the historical and cultural elements of Japan, as interpreted by Kurosawa.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880310_2_132_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880310.2.132.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,573912000
6802,12,03,1988,"Mothering Through Generations (Press, 12 March 1988)","Her Mother’s Daughter, authored by Marilyn French and published in 1987, is a sweeping narrative that intertwines the lives of three generations of Polish-American women through the perspective of Anastasia Dabrowski, later known as Stacey Stevens. The novel delves deeply into the complexities of motherhood, examining its burdens, sacrifices, and the emotional toll it takes on women. Throughout the nearly 800-page book, French presents a poignant critique of the societal expectations placed on mothers and the intergenerational struggles that ensue. Anastasia reflects on her lineage, recalling the brutal experiences of her grandmother, Frances Byzchkowska, who suffered under the violence of her alcoholic husband. This pattern of pain continues with Anastasia's mother, Belle, who battles chronic depression. As Anastasia narrates her tumultuous family history, she grapples with her own role as a mother, lamenting that despite her tireless efforts to nurture and support her children, their needs ultimately left her feeling inadequate and unfulfilled. French's exploration of motherhood serves as a feminist treatise, where the themes of martyrdom and misery are pervasive. While the male figures in these women’s lives are depicted as flawed and often overwhelming, it is the women—their spirits continually eroded by hardship—who emerge as the true heroes of the narrative. Through a variety of storytelling techniques, including flashbacks and diary entries, Anastasia connects the threads of her family’s past and present, revealing how generational trauma shapes individual experiences. The emotional weight of the narrative is evident as Anastasia navigates her identity. As a successful photographer in a male-dominated world, she still finds herself tethered to her roles as caregiver and nurturer, epitomising the struggles of modern motherhood. French skilfully highlights the conflict between ambition and domestic responsibilities as Anastasia attempts to find balance, ultimately leading to an exploration of her sexuality through a lesbian relationship that serves as a form of personal liberation. The novel culminates in a powerful assembly of women at a Women's Convention, reinforcing a theme of unity and collective strength among women facing similar struggles. While the exact details of this gathering remain vague, it is symbolic of a broader movement towards empowerment and recognition of female resilience throughout the preceding century. Overall, Her Mother’s Daughter presents a rich, emotional, and sometimes painful tapestry of women’s lives, conveying a message of survival and the quest for identity against the backdrop of familial obligation and societal expectations. Within its extensive pages, the book encapsulates the enduring capacity of women to confront their past, acknowledge their struggles, and strive for a future that transcends their inherited pains.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880312_2_122_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880312.2.122.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,574084800
7237,16,03,1988,"Call For More Control Of Pornography (Press, 16 March 1988)","On 16 March 1988, reports emerged from the Royal Commission on Social Policy regarding approximately 40 submissions expressing significant concern over pornography and its potential link to sexual abuse. The submissions, which came from individuals of various backgrounds, primarily men and women, called for stricter regulations, with some advocating for a complete ban on pornographic material. Among those voicing their concerns was David Payne, a 67-year-old farmer from Pukekawa and father of six. He referenced a recent Auckland court case involving the rape of a 13-year-old girl, highlighting that the accused had been watching ""undesirable videos"" prior to committing the act. Payne argued that the excessive availability of explicit sex videos was transforming many men into ""slaves of mental erotica,"" raising alarm over the safety of women. He urged for a ban on pornographic films, stating that failure to do so could lead to increased incidents of sexual abuse, potentially resulting in fatalities. Another submission came from David Whincop, a 22-year-old student from Palmerston North. He echoed Payne's sentiments, emphasising that pornography was a significant contributor to sexual violence. He argued that sex-oriented magazines like ""Penthouse"" and ""Playboy"" objectified women, leading to harmful perceptions and behaviours. Whincop suggested replacing such magazines with literature that depicted equal sexual relationships, noting that pornographic magazines were often the sole source of sexual knowledge for teenage boys. The Gay Task Force from Wellington submitted a statement discussing the educational role of erotic material while simultaneously condemning portrayals of violence against women in pornography. Sister Catherine Dunphy, chaplain of New Plymouth Prison, argued that pornography was a primary cause of sexual abuse and legitimised abusive behaviour. She called for stricter laws governing pornography, likening it to traffic regulations aimed at reducing road fatalities, raising concerns particularly about hard-core pornographic home videos being disguised under innocuous titles. Additional calls for an inquiry into pornography were made, with one suggestion proposing that a women-only inquiry be established. The group Women Against Pornography highlighted that the freedom of expression claimed by pornographic film makers infringed on the basic human rights of others. Overall, the submissions reflected a growing apprehension about the impact of pornography on society, particularly regarding violence and abuse against women, and a collective demand for tighter controls and regulations surrounding its distribution and content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880316_2_116_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880316.2.116.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,574430400
6336,17,03,1988,"Homosexuality Promotion Banned In Britain (Press, 17 March 1988)","On 17 March 1988, Britain's Parliament passed a contentious law prohibiting the ""promotion"" of homosexuality by local city councils, following a vigorous debate. The bill faced significant opposition from some Conservative members, who argued that it was bigoted and lacked a clear definition of what constituted promotion. The legislation was supported by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's government, which had a 53-seat majority in the House of Commons. Critics of the bill, including Labour MP John Cunningham, denounced the government for fostering bigotry. Homosexual rights groups expressed concerns that the ban would promote discrimination against homosexual individuals. However, the Minister of the Environment, Mr Howard, defended the measure as a means to prevent discrimination, specifically targeting the allocation of public funds that could provide preferential treatment for homosexual activities. He indicated that there was growing public concern over councils using taxpayers' money to assist gay individuals. During the parliamentary debate, Labour MP Chris Smith highlighted the ambiguous nature of the term ""promotion,"" stating that without a proper definition, the law could adversely impact any local authority services designed to benefit or support the LGBTQ+ community. Proposed amendments from the Opposition to exclude measures aimed at combating discrimination were unsuccessful. The controversy surrounding the law also drew attention from prominent figures in the arts, including actor David Hockney and members of the Arts Council. They warned that the prohibition on promotion could inhibit artistic and literary activities that incorporate elements of homosexuality, creating potential censorship in creative fields.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880317_2_186.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880317.2.186,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,574516800
6976,23,03,1988,"German Company Cuts Opera Down To Size (Press, 23 March 1988)","Pocket Opera, a company from Nuremburg, has been redefining the art of opera for the past 14 years by presenting humorous and exaggerated interpretations of classic works. Their approach seems aimed at poking fun at the theatrical excesses often associated with opera. Elizabeth Kingdon, who stars in the company's recent production of ""La Gioconda,"" highlights that their mission is to explore opera from fresh perspectives. The performances condense the original compositions into shorter, more manageable versions while retaining the core musical essence. In ""La Gioconda,"" the story unfolds in a contemporary context where a German family becomes enthralled by an opera on television, with each member taking on roles from the opera they are watching, intertwined with their personal dynamics. The cast includes a father, two sons, a mother, a daughter, and a transvestite portraying Gioconda's mother, creating a unique blend of comedy and drama. The reception to these unconventional performances has been polarising, with Kingdon noting that audiences typically either love or hate the productions, with no middle ground. Some attendees, familiar with Kingdon's performances at established opera venues, prefer to close their eyes during Pocket Opera shows to focus on the music while ignoring the theatrical antics. Latrenzo Jordan, who plays Barnaba in ""La Gioconda,"" describes Pocket Opera's style as more akin to musical theatre than traditional opera. He, along with other company members, has transitioned from established operatic roles to this distinct form of theatre, appreciating the freedom it affords. The group is known for its unconventional venues, having performed in a variety of settings, including circus tents and even a salt mine in Poland. Despite some established opera companies supporting them, relationships can sometimes be tense, as reflected in their experiences. The group's diverse membership includes performers from various countries, but they retain strong ties to their German roots, which provided the initial creative environment for the company. Kingdon acknowledges the impact of West Germany's cultural atmosphere on their beginnings. The invitation to perform at the International Festival of the Arts in Wellington, New Zealand, provides an opportunity for Pocket Opera to showcase their innovative take on opera. This is particularly noteworthy since the Nuremburg State Opera has never previously visited New Zealand. The aim of Pocket Opera is clear: to challenge perceptions of opera and bring a new light-heartedness to the genre while maintaining musical integrity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880323_2_101_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880323.2.101.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,575035200
6337,23,03,1988,"N.Z. Faces Difficult Situation With... (Press, 23 March 1988)","In a statement made during a four-day meeting organised by the Health Department, Dr Mark MacDonald, Hamilton’s Medical Officer of Health, expressed serious concerns regarding the AIDS situation in New Zealand as of 23 March 1988. He indicated that there were 71 known AIDS sufferers in the country and an additional 320 individuals who had tested positive for antibodies associated with the disease. Dr MacDonald estimated that there remain many cases hidden from view, as numerous individuals may be unaware of their risk and potential infection. Dr MacDonald highlighted the importance of dispelling prevalent myths surrounding AIDS. He underscored that AIDS is not solely a disease affecting gay men, noting that its spread has become more equal between men and women, particularly in Africa. He explained that many known AIDS cases in New Zealand were predominantly among homosexuals because they contracted the disease several years prior when it was more concentrated within these communities in the Western world. Current trends suggest that AIDS has now permeated the heterosexual community, as evidenced by statistics from the United States, where the rate of cases has begun to level off in gay communities but continues to rise in the general population. Furthermore, Dr MacDonald challenged the misconception that AIDS only affects Europeans, insisting that all demographic groups are equally vulnerable. He pointed out that certain minority groups in New Zealand may be at increased risk due to factors such as poverty, which can facilitate the spread of disease. Alarmingly, the Director-General of Health has projected that, without intervention, the number of AIDS cases in New Zealand could reach around 10,000 by 1995. Dr MacDonald’s statements underscore the urgent need for public awareness and educational campaigns to address the complexities of AIDS and promote responsible health practices across all communities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880323_2_167.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880323.2.167,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,575035200
6338,24,03,1988,"A.I.D.S. Survey Will Probe Love-making (Press, 24 March 1988)","On 24 March 1988, a report highlighted an initiative by the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) to conduct a survey concerning human sexual behaviour as part of efforts to combat the spread of A.I.D.S. Dr Manuel Carbello, a W.H.O. official, stated that the survey would investigate various aspects of sexual activity including frequency, partners, and behaviours outside stable unions. This data is intended to assist countries in refining their educational campaigns about A.I.D.S. Dr Carbello emphasised the significant changes in sexual patterns over the past two decades and the importance of understanding the links between these behaviours and H.I.V. infection rates. The survey, set to launch in May 1988, will be administered to approximately 1,600 individuals across a diverse range of regions including East and West Africa, Latin America, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, Belgium, Greece, and Spain. The initiative aims to identify how frequently individuals engage in sexual activities outside of committed relationships, the types of sexual practices they partake in, and the lengths individuals will go to for sexual encounters. Dr Carbello pointed out that there has not been a comprehensive study of sexual behaviours since the Kinsey reports in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The report further noted the impact of urban migration in African countries, which has altered traditional sexual norms and possibly facilitated the spread of A.I.D.S. The W.H.O. seeks to understand why A.I.D.S., predominantly affecting homosexual men and intravenous drug users in Western countries, has an equal impact on both genders in African regions. Future expansions of the study may include additional countries, with the initial findings expected to be published by the end of the year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880324_2_185.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880324.2.185,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,575121600
7742,24,03,1988,"Child Safety Study (Press, 24 March 1988)","On 24 March 1988, New Zealand's Minister of Education, Mr Lange, announced the establishment of a working party focused on out-of-school care. This decision followed discussions between Mr Lange and representatives from the Kindergarten Teachers’ Association and the Early Childhood Workers' Union, who voiced concerns regarding the lack of protective measures for children in the period between the end of school and the time they are with their parents. The working party's membership will include individuals from the Ministry of Education, the Department of Internal Affairs, and the Department of Social Welfare. Its objective will be to examine the provision of out-of-school care, assess the required regulations for this care, and establish who holds the responsibility for it. In addition to this announcement, the Salvation Army's Major Ern Johnson was highlighted for participating in a recording session for the community access radio station, Plains FM. The Salvation Army is set to debut a fortnightly 30-minute programme titled ""Sounds and Salvation,"" featuring a mix of interviews, gospel music, and educational content aimed at Sunday School teachers. Major Johnson also mentioned that the programme would include updates on the Army's multiracial training college located in South Africa. Programme director Ms Sarah Ayton expressed satisfaction with the community’s response to the radio station, noting that more than seven diverse groups have committed to contributing regular content to the station's broadcasts. Plains FM is operated by the Canterbury Communications Trust, which rents its facilities from Christchurch.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880324_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880324.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,575121600
6339,26,03,1988,"New Name (Press, 26 March 1988)","On 26 March 1988, a news story from NZPA in London highlighted the experiences of a Yorkshireman named Jonathan Gay, who decided to change his name to Jonny Straight. The 30-year-old bachelor from Leeds had faced persistent teasing and ridicule related to his name, particularly regarding implications about his sexuality. He reported that he had not engaged in sexual relations for two years, as many women reacted with laughter and mockery upon learning his name, often assuming he was homosexual. A close friend of Gay, Simon Goodwin, spoke to the media, expressing concern for his friend’s predicament. Goodwin indicated that the stigma associated with Gay's name deterred women from approaching him romantically, stating that ""women wouldn’t go near him"" due to the implications of his given name. The change to Jonny Straight was viewed as a desperate attempt to circumvent the negative attention and challenges that had arisen from his original name. The situation underscored broader societal attitudes towards names and their potential influence on personal relationships and self-perception.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880326_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880326.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,575294400
6803,29,03,1988,"Comic Clash Of Manners (Press, 29 March 1988)","On 29 March 1988, A.K. Grant commented on the British television show ""What Mad Pursuit,"" a comedy scripted by Stanley Price based on a short story by Noel Coward. The programme aired on One and, while not a significant piece of work, it provided a light and enjoyable exploration of manners—an area that New Zealand television drama often neglects. Grant noted that the cultural cringe surrounding British productions should be relegated to the past, and he extended an appreciation for the quality of comedic storytelling found in this particular piece, which contrasts sharply with the usual offerings in New Zealand. The play depicted a clash of manners between British characters and those from a specific region of the USA during the mid-1930s. Grant highlighted that the comedy of manners is less feasible in New Zealand due to its smaller population and nascent class structure compared to Britain, which has a rich history of class-based humour. The narrative was reportedly inspired by a challenging weekend Coward faced, and actor Paul Daneman's portrayal was noted for its understated excellence, loyal to Coward's style. Grant also praised Carroll Baker for her unexpectedly adept comic performance and mentioned the presence of a talented Ethel Merman impersonator who provided amusement through her intentionally poor singing. Although the ending of the play felt somewhat contrived—where the Coward-like character escapes through a window—the overall sentiment conveyed by Grant was that the joy of such light-hearted theatre should not be over-analysed. He expressed sadness that if a similar comedy had been produced in New Zealand, it would likely face criticism for not tackling deeper societal issues like incest or unemployment, which are often favoured in local narratives. Grant articulated that works like ""What Mad Pursuit,"" which offer a combination of humour and social observation, deserve recognition and a place in television drama, rather than being sidelined for more didactic narratives. The piece ultimately served as a reminder of the importance of varied comedic storytelling within the broader landscape of television drama.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880329_2_87.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880329.2.87,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,575553600
7530,02,04,1988,"A.i.d.s. Outlook Worse (Press, 2 April 1988)","On 2 April 1988, John N. Hutchison reported from San Francisco about the ongoing crisis of HIV/AIDS in the city. Although there is some slight positive news regarding the rate of HIV transmission, the overall situation remains dire. Local health experts indicate that while the spread of HIV has slowed, the projected figures for diagnosed cases of AIDS by 1993 are alarming. The estimates suggest that about 17,022 residents will have been diagnosed with AIDS by that year, which is four times the current total. The San Francisco health department, noted for its expertise in managing the epidemic, forecasts that as many as 6,288 individuals will be living with AIDS in 1993. The financial implications of caring for such a large patient population are significant, with estimates that the costs could reach approximately USD 376 million (about NZD 850 million), accounting for nearly one-third of the city’s annual budget. The report outlines a grim prognosis, suggesting that more people than initially believed will transition from being HIV infected to developing AIDS. It also notes an increase in the average lifespan for those diagnosed with AIDS, projecting an average of 22 months of life by 1993, compared to the current average of 15 months. Hutchison highlights the intersection of the AIDS crisis with the city’s struggles with drug abuse, particularly emphasizing the role of intravenous drug use in the spread of HIV. Authorities point out that among drug users, the transmission of the virus via shared needles is outpacing its spread within the gay community. Despite some decline in HIV transmission rates among homosexuals, attributed to successful educational campaigns, the overall growth of the epidemic in the city continues, presenting ongoing challenges for public health officials. The editorial from the San Francisco “Examiner” reflects on the dual crises of drug abuse and AIDS, acknowledging the complexity of addressing both issues in tandem.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880402_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880402.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,575899200
6340,04,04,1988,"Fans Flock To Hear Writers (Press, 4 April 1988)","The second New Zealand International Festival of the Arts in Wellington showcased its Writers' and Readers' Week with overwhelming attendance and enthusiasm from participants and audiences alike. On 4 April 1988, it was noted that long queues and packed venues reflected a strong community interest in literary events, as one audience member stated, ""People are just starved for this sort of thing."" The festival featured a dynamic programme that brought together thirteen international authors and approximately twenty New Zealand writers. Participants engaged in readings of prose and poetry, panel discussions, and conversations about their craft. Prominent figures included Margaret Drabble, whose popularity necessitated a venue change to accommodate over 600 attendees. Drabble discussed her academic project, ""The Oxford Companion to English Literature,"" and shared insights about her latest novel, ""The Radiant Way,"" which explores the lives of three women in 1980s England. She also announced a sequel in the works. Another highlight was Michael Holroyd, who charmed the crowd with anecdotes from his long-anticipated biography of George Bernard Shaw. Holroyd revealed insights about Shaw's romantic life while expressing his excitement about recent publishing advancements, as he received a significant advance for the project. Kazuo Ishiguro, who now lives in England, captivated audiences with his novels including ""A Pale View of the Hills"" and ""An Artist of the Floating World,"" which was lauded for its elegant prose. Playwright John McGrath drew attention for his contributions to popular theatre and his work on ""ZCars."" Additionally, Robert McCrum provided a fascinating analysis of the diverse varieties of English language in his talk. Canadian writer Michael Ondaatje brought depth to the festival by discussing his novel ""In the Skin of a Lion,"" which tells the story of immigrants who helped build Toronto and reflects his own journey of finding a home. Edmund White read from his novel ""The Beautiful Room is Empty,"" igniting discussions around themes of identity and sexuality. Other notable speakers included Charles Mungoshi from Zimbabwe, who focused on relationships in his writing, and Gerhard Kopf from West Germany, who engaged attendees with his unique stories. New Zealand high-profile writers also participated, including Keri Hulme, Patricia Grace, and Roger Hall, demonstrating the abundant local writing talent. Despite challenges such as Cyclone Bola and air strikes, the week was regarded as a resounding success, with chairperson Ann Mallinson noting that the festival had exceeded expectations. Both New Zealand and overseas writers appreciated the opportunity to connect with enthusiastic audiences, while many audience members expressed delight in hearing from their favourite writers. Overall, the festival established itself as a vital platform for literary engagement and celebration in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880404_2_89_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880404.2.89.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,576072000
6804,06,04,1988,"Conference Plea On Contraceptives (Press, 6 April 1988)","A national conference of lesbians and gays in Christchurch, held during the Easter weekend of 1988, expressed serious concerns regarding legislation that restricts providing contraceptive information to individuals under 16. A spokesperson for the conference, Mr Jan Borgdorff, emphasised the need for the repeal of section 3 of the Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion Act, arguing that it presents a significant barrier to disseminating safe sex information to young people. Borgdorff warned that the lack of access to contraceptive education could worsen the spread of HIV/AIDS among New Zealand’s youth, stating that delays in repealing the law effectively “sentence” young people to death. The conference highlighted the importance of acknowledging the specific needs of young lesbians and gays in health and education. Ms Ann Barnes, another spokesperson, called for a reassessment of the Education Department’s approach to AIDS education. She suggested promoting positive representations of the gay and lesbian community could enhance awareness and community health. Barnes proposed the Department of Education consider the appointment of lesbian and gay advisers to help train educators on issues related to the LGBTQ+ community. In addition to health-related issues, the conference announced a project aimed at documenting human rights violations faced by lesbians and gays. This initiative would involve setting up commissions in major cities to gather accounts of discrimination based on disability, race, sexual orientation, age, religion, and AIDS status. Borgdorff noted that these categories were not adequately addressed under the current Human Rights Commission legislation. The conference also condemned societal violence and called for a collective effort to improve both awareness and conditions for LGBTQ+ individuals. Overall, the gathering sought to bring attention to critical issues regarding health education, human rights, and societal attitudes toward the gay and lesbian community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880406_2_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880406.2.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,576244800
7531,06,04,1988,"Female Circumcision Link With A.i.d.s. (Press, 6 April 1988)","A report published on 6 April 1988 highlights the concerning link between female circumcision and the spread of AIDS, particularly in certain African regions where the practice is prevalent. The crude and often dangerous procedure is carried out by village midwives using unsterilised instruments such as kitchen knives and broken glass, leading to severe health complications, including infection, disability, and sometimes death. It is estimated that up to 74 million women have undergone female circumcision, which can cause various health issues, including chronic pain, urinary retention, and infertility. The World Health Organisation (WHO) acknowledges the dangers of the practice but has historically resisted external pressure to take legislative action against it, advocating instead for change to originate from the affected countries. This approach may shift following a recent global conference on AIDS prevention in London, where 14 countries pledged urgent action to combat HIV transmission. HIV is primarily spread through the exchange of contaminated bodily fluids, and in Africa, the main modes of transmission include heterosexual interactions and mother-to-child transmission, with an estimated three-quarters of AIDS victims being women in areas where female circumcision is commonplace. The WHO categorises different types of female circumcision, ranging from the mild removal of the clitoral prepuce to more extreme forms like infibulation, which involves extensive mutilation and closing of the vulva with stitches. The report indicates that the traumatic nature of these procedures contributes to an increased risk of HIV transmission. Women often face painful sexual experiences due to complications arising from circumcision, leading some couples to resort to alternative practices like anal intercourse. As awareness of the health hazards associated with female circumcision grows, organisations such as the Nigerian Women’s Centre are campaigning for its prohibition and highlighting the need for urgent international support to combat this issue. While the practice remains entrenched in the cultures of over 30 countries, government response has been largely inadequate. Only one nation, Sudan, has officially responded to calls for banning female circumcision. In stark contrast, Kenya has made efforts to discourage the practice. The intersection of female circumcision with the AIDS epidemic serves as a call to action for both local and global health authorities to address this pressing public health concern.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880406_2_123_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880406.2.123.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,576244800
6341,11,04,1988,"Gays Lack Safe Sex Advice (Press, 11 April 1988)","On 11 April 1988, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand announced that magazines focused on male homosexuality must include advice on safe sex. This decision arose after the tribunal reviewed four publications that were imported to Auckland in October 1987 and subsequently seized by customs officials. The tribunal's chairman, Judge Richard Kearney, expressed concerns over the lack of editorial commentary regarding safe sex in these publications, highlighting the global issue of AIDS, which disproportionately affects homosexual men. The tribunal concluded that it is imperative for publishers of gay magazines to include practical guidance and advice on safe sex to address the ongoing health crisis. The four seized publications primarily featured photographs of male models in various poses, but were deemed indecent for individuals under the age of 18. The tribunal's ruling reflects a growing recognition of the need for responsible health messaging within the LGBTQ+ community, particularly given the rising concerns surrounding sexually transmitted infections and the importance of promoting safe practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880411_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880411.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,576676800
7532,13,04,1988,"A.i.d.s. Virus Changes As Disease Progresses (Press, 13 April 1988)","A study conducted at the University of California in San Francisco, led by Dr Jay Levy, reveals that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes AIDS, appears to become more virulent as patients' health declines. Over a four-year period, Dr Levy and his team isolated the virus from four patients, observing its evolution concurrent with the progression of the disease. Dr Levy noted in an interview that the HIV virus doesn't remain static; instead, it undergoes changes in its biological characteristics. While it may visually resemble the original strain, the virus is likely undergoing internal evolution within infected individuals. The study initially involved subjects who were identified as being associated with AIDS but had not yet shown symptoms of the disease. As the research continued, three out of the four subjects eventually developed AIDS, with two of these individuals succumbing to the disease. The remaining patient has not exhibited any symptoms of AIDS. The analysis indicated that the HIV viruses obtained from the blood of the three symptomatic patients exhibited increasing virulence as their clinical symptoms progressed. The virulence was quantified through laboratory tests that involved exposing the isolated virus to host cells. Dr Levy highlighted that the most severe symptoms in the patients corresponded with a heightened ability of the HIV to replicate, which allowed it to invade and infect a broader range of host cells. In contrast, the virus isolated from the patient who remained asymptomatic displayed no such escalation in virulence. The findings suggest that the increasing virulence of HIV correlates with the virus's ability to replicate. Therefore, Dr Levy emphasised the potential for researchers to develop strategies aimed at inhibiting viral replication. If successful, such approaches could effectively render the virus harmless while allowing it to persist within the patient's body. This study underscores the complex relationship between the progression of AIDS in patients and the evolving nature of the virus itself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880413_2_172.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880413.2.172,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,576849600
7484,13,04,1988,"Soft Porn Videos On Tv Part Of ‘crusade’ (Press, 13 April 1988)","In a provocative move, Dutch television is broadcasting soft porn videos, sex advice, and graphic representations of safe sex techniques, raising concerns from feminists and some politicians. The Veronica broadcasting company, which has roots in illegal broadcasts of pop music from a North Sea trawler in the 1960s, claims it aims to extend the boundaries of Dutch radio and television. Critics, however, argue that these shows, showcasing nudity, are sexist and demeaning to women, questioning whether the Netherlands' renowned liberalism is allowing the media freedoms to overstep ethical lines. One of the standout programmes is ""The Pin-Up Club,"" a monthly show likened to video versions of magazines such as Playboy and Penthouse. A spokesperson for Veronica, Hans van der Wijn, highlighted that the show responds to societal changes, asserting that Dutch society is in a period of increasing openness. Despite its popularity, with over three million viewers, many watch discreetly. Politician Andree van Es, a member of the Leftwing Pacifist-Socialist Party, has expressed strong opposition, suggesting that such programming disregards the advancements of the feminist movement and portrays women primarily as objects of desire. She indicated that while banning these shows isn't feasible, they contribute to an outdated and degrading representation of women. Veronica, now a licensed broadcaster with a staff of 200 based in Hilversum, continues to merge innovation with a pioneering spirit established during its pirate radio days. The station re-entered the broadcasting space legally after fighting for four years to establish its role after being banned from airwaves in the early 1970s when international regulations prohibited pirate shows. The Dutch Appeal Court eventually recognised Veronica's legitimacy due to its significant audience. The company asserts that its efforts, including the launch of the soft porn programme at the end of 1987, form part of an ongoing quest to explore fresh concepts in media. Last year, the station was also notable for being among the first to broadcast a video that demonstrated safe sex practices, featuring a live demonstration of a condom being fitted, paired with viewer discussions. Tineke, one of Veronica's original staff and a leading figure in its early days as a disc jockey, reflected on the company's distinct and youthful ethos that encourages new ideas. At 46 years old, she remains a testament to the station's fearless approach to innovation, suggesting that the environment at Veronica allows for continued exploration of contemporary themes in broadcasting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880413_2_166_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880413.2.166.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,576849600
6342,16,04,1988,"‘Heterosexuals Need Sex Advice’ (Press, 16 April 1988)","On 16 April 1988, during a sitting of the Indecent Publications Tribunal in Wellington, Mr Bill Logan, the co-ordinator of the Gay Task Force, emphasised the necessity for sexually explicit magazines aimed at heterosexuals to include information about A.I.D.S. and safe sex practices. He argued that such publications required these disclosures even more than those targeting homosexual audiences. His remarks were in response to the tribunal's recent decision, which expressed concern regarding the insufficient information on safe sex in publications focused on male homosexuality. Mr Logan pointed out that the perception of A.I.D.S. as primarily a homosexual issue was misleading. He highlighted a concerning trend, explaining that A.I.D.S. was now spreading at a rate approximately double among heterosexuals compared to homosexuals. He referred to the transmission patterns seen in Africa, where around 75 per cent of cases were linked to heterosexual sexual activity. Logan noted that most homosexual men were generally well-informed about the significance of safe sex. In his statements, Logan acknowledged the good practices of homosexual magazine publishers in disseminating material on A.I.D.S. and safe sex information. He contended that the urgency and social importance of addressing safe sex in heterosexual magazines were paramount, suggesting that these publications should take a more proactive approach in educating their readers about safe sexual practices. Judge Kearney, the chairman of the tribunal, acknowledged Mr Logan's perspective but clarified that it was not within the tribunal's mandate to determine the transmission routes of A.I.D.S. The discussion highlighted the ongoing public health concern surrounding A.I.D.S. and the need for comprehensive education across all demographics, challenging the misconception of the disease's association predominantly with homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880416_2_149_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880416.2.149.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,577108800
6343,19,04,1988,"Nostalgia Recorded In Photographs (Press, 19 April 1988)","Michael King, a historian and author, reflects on the pivotal years of 1956 and 1968 as significant milestones in New Zealand's history within the context of his new book, ""After The War: New Zealand Since 1945,"" published in April 1988. He expresses a personal connection to 1956, the year of the Springbok rugby tour, which he recalls fondly as a moment of national pride. For him, it encapsulated the charisma and fervour of New Zealand rugby culture. He associates 1968 with a time of global social upheaval, including student protests against the Vietnam War and the tragic sinking of the Wahine ferry, marking a period of questioning authority and pushing for social change among the youth. King's book chronicles social change in New Zealand from 1945 to 1987, enriched with a photographic history that he likens to a nostalgic rerun of an old film. He emphasises that this timeframe is significant for many New Zealanders, representing a collective memory shared by those alive during those years. The book features notable historical figures, events, and memories ranging from the Tangiwai disaster and the Mount Erebus air crash to more positive recollections like royal tours and famous personalities. Drawing distinctions between attitudes in the 1940s and 1950s and those emerging in the 1960s, King argues that the earlier decades reflected pre-war thinking, while the 1960s brought exposure to global issues through various mediums, shifting young people's perspectives on societal values and norms. He notes the emergence of counter-cultures, changes in youth culture, and increased vocalisation of societal issues driven by the protests of that decade. He acknowledges that the realities of the 1980s show many of the free-spirited youth of the 1960s have transitioned into conventional roles within society. Despite this evolution, he contends that the radical social changes of the 1960s laid the groundwork for significant movements in the following decades, such as Māori identity, conservation efforts, and reforms in various social issues. King is cautious when discussing the future of New Zealand's social structure, noting that historians often struggle to forecast accurately. He highlights the possibility of either resolving ongoing challenges or facing irreversible damage to the social fabric of the country. Throughout his career, King has transitioned from newspaper journalism to an author focused on Māori issues and history. He notes that while he did not originally intend to specialise in Māori history, the interest from Māori communities prompted him to write various works, although he ultimately decided against continuing in that direction to avoid conflict. He reinforces the importance of allowing Māori voices to take charge of their own history while also advocating that non-Māoris should not be entirely excluded from the narrative. Currently, King is engaged in further projects, including a biography of Peter Fraser and a study of the Chatham Islands, affirming that writing remains central to his career, whether through journalism or authorship.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880419_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880419.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,577368000
6977,20,04,1988,"Two Unabashed Madams (Press, 20 April 1988)","On 20 April 1988, Ruth Ranker reviewed two contrasting television programmes broadcast on Television One, New Zealand's cultural and sporting channel, which focused on the lives and experiences of successful madams. Both shows featured women openly discussing their services, distancing themselves from the motivations of their clients. This unusual approach to the evening's content highlighted society's complex relationship with sexuality and fantasy. The first programme was noted for its bizarre hosting dynamic, featuring an Australian transvestite interviewing a Cockney, while the second was led by a more traditional British male interviewer, which Ranker described as ""honest"" versus ""dishonest."" The stark contrast in hosting styles mirrored the content's duality, with one leaning towards humour and the other presenting a more serious discussion. Ranker fondly lamented the absence of ""The Dame Edna Experience,"" craving more sharp wit and humour reminiscent of Barry Humphries' performance, which masterfully blended social commentary with entertainment. Dame Edna’s character, known for her flamboyance, engaged with a variety of guests including Sir John Mills, ballet dancer Nureyev, and former madam Cynthia Payne. Payne's pragmatic views on male sexuality resonated with the audience, adding depth to humorous elements often present in Dame Edna's skits. Throughout the discussion, Ranker observed a subtle critique of societal views on sex work, touching on themes of feminism and societal expectations. She noted how the programmes managed to shift blame onto the consumers of the sex industry, a counterpoint to typical narratives that focus on the workers. Furthermore, Ranker highlighted the voyeuristic tendencies of the shows, suggesting that the audience's interest stems from deep-seated prejudices and cultural taboos relating to Australian society's views against sexual themes. Interestingly, one of the guests on the show, identified as Dome, discussed her husband's missionary aspirations while paradoxically supporting her business. This highlighted the complexity of individuals within the sex industry, revealing pressures and dualities in their lives. Ranker summarised that while the representations of these women were vivid, the portrayal was incomplete, as it overlooked the responsibility of the consumers underpinning the sex work market. She expressed a desire to see more balanced narratives, delving deeper into the lives and choices of those involved in the industry, particularly the social dynamics that lead individuals like Dome to run such businesses in a culturally rich yet morally ambiguous environment like Perth. Overall, Ranker's critique articulated the intricate layers of humour and seriousness intertwined in the representations of sexual fantasy on television, calling for more profound explorations of the social contexts behind these choices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880420_2_92_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880420.2.92.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,577454400
7533,21,04,1988,"Hepatitis Vaccine A.i.d.s. Rumour ‘almost... (Press, 21 April 1988)","On 21 April 1988, Dr George Salmond, the Director-General of Health in New Zealand, condemned spreading rumours that pre-schoolers vaccinated against hepatitis B could contract A.I.D.S. as ""completely irresponsible"" and ""almost criminal."" These allegations threaten the success of the Health Department's immunisation programme, which is vital for public health, according to Dr Salmond. He urged those disseminating such misinformation to carefully consider the potential health implications of their claims on the broader community. In Nelson, concerns arising from these unfounded rumours led some parents to seek A.I.D.S. tests for their children. Dr Jim Roxburgh, the Medical Officer of Health in the region, indicated there seemed to be an organised campaign against vaccination efforts, with tactics that he described as ""beyond contempt."" He noted that some parents were experiencing extreme anxiety, with many women in distress over the possibility that their children might have been exposed to A.I.D.S. Due to these fears, some parents were difficult to reassure despite the unnecessary nature of such testing. Dr Salmond assured the public about the safety of the Merck, Sharp and Dohme vaccine, which had previously been administered to five million people in 46 countries without serious problems. The plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine consists of purified protein particles from the virus's surface, obtained from the blood of chronically infected carriers who are otherwise healthy. He explained that the concerns regarding A.I.D.S. stemmed from the fact that social groups susceptible to hepatitis B often exhibited a higher prevalence of H.I.V., the virus associated with A.I.D.S. This led to fears that H.I.V. could contaminate the hepatitis vaccine. However, extensive expert analysis and careful reviews have consistently affirmed the vaccine's safety, as recognised by global health authorities including the World Health Organisation and the U.S. Centre for Disease Control. Dr Salmond clarified that the blood used for the vaccine comes from healthy hepatitis B carriers, with stringent testing conducted for various infections, including H.I.V. Additional precautions involve excluding high-risk groups, such as intravenous drug users and men known to be practising homosexuals, from donating blood. Each vaccine batch undergoes rigorous testing on animals prone to hepatitis B to ensure both its effectiveness and safety. He stated that against all available scientific evidence and facts, it is irresponsible and ""almost criminal"" to propagate these recent allegations in New Zealand. The government is taking these concerns seriously and will continue to promote public understanding and confidence in the immunisation programme.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880421_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880421.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,577540800
7534,26,04,1988,"Immunisation (Press, 26 April 1988)","On 15 April 1988, Robyn Stewart took her children to the Boon Hay Community Hall for hepatitis B vaccinations, arriving at 8:55 a.m. She joined a queue of adults and children, but the doors did not open until 9:15 a.m., causing delays. Although she expected some waiting time, Stewart expressed concern that the scheduled vaccination times from 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. should mean that the vaccinations were ready at 9 a.m. She noted that such delays could deter busy parents from utilising the vaccination services, which is critical given the health department's concerns about low immunisation levels. In response, Dr M. A. Brieseman, the deputy medical officer of health in Christchurch, acknowledged that the initial circumstances at Boon Hay were overwhelming. He clarified that staff had arrived by 8:20 a.m. and the first injection was administered around 9:00 a.m. He assured parents that efforts would be made to ensure smoother operations in the future. Another concern was raised by Wayne Stuart, who questioned why New Zealand was using a hepatitis B vaccine derived from blood, especially since blood donors were not screened for the AIDS virus prior to 1985. He highlighted that Australia uses a yeast-derived vaccine and sought clarification on the rationale behind using what he termed a ""second-rate vaccine"" in New Zealand. Dr Brieseman responded to Stuart's concerns, affirming that New Zealand children were not receiving a subpar vaccine. He explained that the blood used for the production of the vaccine is screened to exclude AIDS sufferers, and the vaccine production process involves three stages sufficient to eliminate the virus. Follow-up studies have shown no evidence of AIDS transmission through the vaccine, and both types of available vaccines are asserted to have equal efficacy. Further concerns were echoed by David Wyart, who questioned the assurances provided by Dr George Salmond, the Director-General of Health, regarding the vaccine's safety against AIDS. Wyart argued that the healthiness of a blood donor is not a reliable reassurance and noted that current antibody testing does not assure safety. He expressed a lack of confidence in the purification processes supposedly used to eliminate risks from AIDS and indicated that without further information, many parents, including himself, might withdraw their children from the vaccination programme. The myriad concerns surrounding the hepatitis B vaccination programme in New Zealand highlights the struggles between public health initiatives and parental apprehensions regarding safety, particularly in the context of historical health crises.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880426_2_89_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880426.2.89.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,577972800
6498,28,04,1988,"Nightclub Manager Fined For Assault (Press, 28 April 1988)","On 28 April 1988, Bruce Herbert Williamson, the manager of the Menage nightclub in Christchurch, was convicted and fined for assaulting a rival nightclub owner's bouncer. The legal proceedings took place at the District Court, where Williamson faced two assault charges stemming from an altercation outside the Dorian Society nightclub on 24 October 1987. During the incident, Williamson, aged 33 and a company director, attempted to enter the Dorian Society club for an event where he believed he was to receive an award. He and his companions, who were carrying eggs, were denied entry as they did not have tickets, which had been presold, and were not members of the club. Tensions escalated when bouncer Darren Ronald Graham informed Williamson that he could not enter. Responding to Graham's warning about trespassing, Williamson assaulted him, hitting him multiple times and causing injuries that included a broken tooth and a cut lip. Witnesses testified about Williamson's aggressive behaviour during the confrontation. Mr. Rex Edyvean, another witness, described how Williamson attempted to provoke Graham further and eventually punched Edyvean in the nose, resulting in swelling that lasted for weeks. Williamson, while in his defence, admitted to punching Graham but claimed it was a single hit and asserted that he was being provoked. He disputed the witnesses' accounts, suggesting they were lying to discredit him. Judge Noble ultimately convicted Williamson for the assault on Mr. Graham and imposed a fine of $200 along with $250 to cover witnesses' expenses. However, the charge involving Mr. Edyvean was dismissed as the circumstances during the scuffle were too chaotic to determine the event clearly. The judge also expressed concern regarding the actions of bouncers using handcuffs, warning that such conduct could lead to civil claims of unlawful arrest or detention in the future. The case highlighted the complexities of authority and responsibility among nightclub security personnel in managing confrontations with patrons.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880428_2_102_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880428.2.102.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578145600
7535,29,04,1988,"'Tests Unreliable’ (Press, 29 April 1988)","A survey commissioned by the Bavarian State Parliament has revealed that H.I.V. tests are largely unreliable in determining exposure to the A.I.D.S. virus. The study involved 11,824 individuals, and while the initial results indicated that 529 tested positive for H.I.V., a subsequent test on this same group showed that only 359 samples remained positive. Karl Heinz Mueller, representing the Bavarian parliamentary commission on A.I.D.S. in Munich, explained that certain health conditions, such as rheumatism, can lead to the production of antibodies that may mistakenly appear similar to those associated with the A.I.D.S. virus. This revelation raises concerns about the accuracy of current testing methods and highlights the need for more reliable diagnostics in the field of A.I.D.S. research and management.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880429_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880429.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578232000
6344,29,04,1988,"An Obsession With Comics (Press, 29 April 1988)","In an article published on 29 April 1988, Robert Whymant highlights the significance of manga, or comic books, in Japanese society. He notes that ""Young Jump,"" the most popular manga, sells nearly five million copies each week, demonstrating the widespread appeal of comics among all demographics, including professionals in business attire who often read them on their daily commute. Manga serves as a form of escapism for many, contrasting with the serious reading of newspapers like the “Nihon Keizai Shimbun.” The range of comics available is vast, with over 200 regular titles that encompass various genres. Popular themes include science fiction, school adventures, ghost stories, and gangster tales, often containing elements of violence and sexuality. Meanwhile, comics marketed to women typically revolve around romance, while feminism is notably absent from these narratives. The sheer scale of the comic book industry in Japan is significant. In 1987 alone, 1.3 billion comics were sold, and the three top-selling titles accounted for over eight million sales per week. Scholars, including Professor Yoshiya Soeda, argue that understanding Japanese lifestyle requires acknowledging the power of comic books in shaping culture and society. Some comics delve into darker themes, including the depiction of violence against women, although not all content is salacious; many comics retell classic literary works and have educational aspects. Noteworthy publications include ""An Introduction to the Japanese Economy,"" which achieved remarkable success, selling a million copies. There are also comics that celebrate historical figures, such as a quarterly comic about former Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone, aimed at informing supporters about his life and career. Despite some educators expressing concern that younger generations may be sidelining traditional literature in favour of comics, the publishing industry remains optimistic. Comics constitute about a quarter of Japan's total book and magazine production, with over 1.5 billion books printed last year, alongside a staggering 2.84 billion magazines (excluding comics). The magazine market is flourishing, with 35 new titles released in the first quarter of 1988 alone, expanding the total to around 170 by the year's end. This expansion includes magazines targeting working women, covering topics such as cuisine, travel, and fortune-telling, with initial press runs reaching 200,000 copies for their first editions. Overall, the demand for practical information and entertaining content drives the success of new publications. The Japanese culture values information highly, and Whymant effectively captures this sentiment by quoting Arthur Koestler, who remarked on the Japanese belief in the “nutritive value of information"" across all subjects, suggesting a collective appetite for knowledge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880429_2_86.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880429.2.86,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578232000
7402,30,04,1988,"A.I.D.S. Council Meets (Press, 30 April 1988)","The National Council on A.I.D.S. held its inaugural meeting in Wellington on 28 April 1988, chaired by Mrs Peggy Koopman-Boyden from Christchurch. The council, serving as an advisory group to the Health Department, focused on the need for a national strategy to address discrimination against carriers of HIV and A.I.D.S. During the meeting, the council established working parties tasked with enhancing public education on A.I.D.S. The aim is to ""demystify"" misconceptions surrounding HIV infection and A.I.D.S. in New Zealand. Additionally, the council discussed the importance of creating community support for individuals affected by A.I.D.S. The working groups are expected to produce reports by the end of the year, which will compile information to provide informed recommendations to the Minister of Health, Mr Caygill. The council's efforts underscore a commitment to addressing both the health and social challenges presented by A.I.D.S. in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880430_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880430.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578318400
6805,30,04,1988,"Women Writing How They Pleased (Press, 30 April 1988)","The book ""Writing For Their Lives: The Modernist Women 1910-1940,"" authored by Gillian Hanscombe and Virginia L. Smyers, examines the significant yet often overlooked contributions made by a group of modernist women writers to twentieth-century literature. Published in 1987, the book highlights the lives and works of influential female authors such as Dorothy Richardson, Winifred Bryher, Sylvia Beech, Djuna Barnes, Marianne Moore, May Sinclair, Amy Lowell, Harriet Weaver, Gertrude Stein, and Mina Loy. The authors argue that these women not only created literature that challenged traditional norms but also shaped the modernist movement through their individualistic approaches and bold exploration of new forms. The book emphasises the interconnectedness among these women, who often resided in Paris and formed a supportive network. They wrote to and about one another, reviewed each other's works, and provided financial support, demonstrating a mutual dedication to their art and each other. The essence of modernism for these women was the notion that art and life were inseparable; their literary pursuits were deeply intertwined with their personal experiences. Many members of this group defied conventional expectations of femininity, with some identifying as lesbian or bisexual, further distancing themselves from patriarchal norms. Hanscombe and Smyers detail how Dorothy Richardson sought to create a distinctly ""female"" novel, feeling that contemporary literature predominantly focused on male experiences. Her pioneering work, ""Pointed Roofs,"" published in 1915 as part of the ""Pilgrimage"" sequence, featured innovative narrative styles that departed from the conventions of the time, blending fiction with autobiography. Other authors like H.D. also experimented with free verse in their poetry, capturing reality from a subjective perspective. Harriet Shaw Weaver and her publication ""The New Freewoman"" provided a platform for avant-garde writers, including James Joyce, amplifying their voices when mainstream society remained resistant. While the authors' exploration of these women's biographies fills critical gaps in the history of modernist literature, some generalisations they make regarding the motivations of artistic versus political writers may be debated. They propose that women seeking to transcend traditional roles must live differently, and that artistic endeavours may not intentionally aim for social change, despite the two being often intertwined. Overall, ""Writing For Their Lives"" serves as an important scholarly work, shedding light on a previously underexplored dimension of literary history. While it may not be a light read, it holds significance for those studying English literature, offering crucial insights into the contributions of these modernist women and challenging traditional narratives that have predominantly celebrated male authors.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880430_2_94_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880430.2.94.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578318400
6345,02,05,1988,"Activists Argue Over Group’s Make-up (Press, 2 May 1988)","On 2 May 1988, a dispute among Auckland homosexual rights activists emerged regarding representation on a newly formed advisory group to the Minister of Health, Mr Caygill, on matters related to A.I.D.S. The Auckland Gay Task Force expressed dissatisfaction with the appointment of Mr Phil Parkinson, a Wellington Gay Task Force activist, to the National Council on A.I.D.S. This 23-member council was established to succeed the A.I.D.S. Advisory Council, which had been created by former Minister of Health, Dr Bassett. The new council had its inaugural meeting on 28 April 1988, but its leadership and membership remained undisclosed, as did its funding. Reports suggested that the council included representatives from various societal groups, including churches and youth and women’s organisations. Despite male homosexuals being one of the most at-risk demographics for A.I.D.S., only one representative from this community was appointed, which led to discontent within the Auckland Gay Task Force. Mr Wall, the Auckland group's co-ordinator, communicated to the Chief Health Officer, Dr Karen Poutasi, that collaboration with Mr Parkinson was unfeasible. Wall requested an increase in council membership to 24, which would allow him to join, but Dr Poutasi rejected this proposal. A national conference held in Christchurch sought the appointment of three homosexual men to the council, yet Dr Poutasi declined this request as well. The ongoing conflict between the Auckland and Wellington Gay Task Forces had a history of rivalry, with each claiming superior representation of the homosexual community. While the Auckland group focused solely on homosexual men, the Wellington group included lesbian members, resulting in differing views on tactics and organisational structure. Parkinson noted that the council's membership remained confidential as members had been instructed to keep the details private during their initial meeting. This secrecy was linked to legislative requirements for the formal establishment of the council, with expectations for a bill to be introduced in Parliament soon. The council's terms of reference, as outlined by Dr Poutasi to Mr Wall, indicated its role would be to provide advice to Mr Caygill and the Ministry of Health concerning A.I.D.S. matters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880502_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880502.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578491200
7485,06,05,1988,"Few Takers For Needle Scheme (Press, 6 May 1988)","As the clean-needle exchange scheme is set to launch in Christchurch on May 16, 1988, participation from local pharmacists and doctors has been limited. According to Mr David Lewis, a Health Department district advisory pharmacist, only ""about half a dozen"" pharmacists have shown interest in supplying needle and syringe packs. There are approximately 100 pharmacists in Christchurch who have recently received letters from the Director-General of Health regarding the application process, which may explain the slow response. Similarly, doctors and healthcare workers also received their notifications not long ago. To support drug-users, a recorded message can be accessed by calling a designated Christchurch telephone number, 61-380. This message will offer updates about the availability of clean needles and syringes, as well as information on the adverse effects of drug use and counselling options. The needle packs are priced at $9, with a reduced price of $6 available to those who return used needles and syringes. Each pack contains ten needles and syringes, a tamper-proof return container for disposing of dirty needles, and educational materials about AIDS. Additionally, the packs provide information on drug rehabilitation resources and include condoms to promote safe sex practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880506_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880506.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578836800
4084,07,05,1988,"Homosexual’s New York (Press, 7 May 1988)","The review published on 7 May 1988 discusses Edmund White's novel ""The Beautiful Room is Empty,"" a sequel to his earlier work ""A Boy’s Own Story."" Sharon Hunter highlights White's significance as a contemporary writer focusing on homosexuality in the Western world. The novel’s narrative spans the late 1950s to 1969, tracing the evolution of the unnamed narrator as he navigates his identity and desires against the backdrop of societal attitudes towards homosexuality. Initially set in the conservative Midwest, the narrator eventually relocates to New York City, where he confronts his conflicting feelings regarding his sexual orientation. He grapples with an ""impossible desire to love a man but not be a homosexual,"" embodying the struggle faced by many in a society that often labeled them as ""sick"" or ""queer.” The story reflects the challenges of acceptance and the internalised shame that many homosexuals experienced during this time. The narrative takes readers through the sordid experiences in New York’s public spaces, depicting the secretive and often dangerous cruising culture. White’s vivid and sometimes lyrical descriptions transform gritty encounters into a form of art, and the protagonist’s compulsive behaviour raises questions about desire and identity. Hunter notes that while the narrator witnesses his peers attempting to conform to societal expectations by pursuing relationships with women, he remains in pursuit of his own truth. The character’s journey is marked by an awareness of belonging and alienation, ultimately culminating in a friendship with a well-adjusted lesbian named Maria. She plays a crucial role in helping him reconcile his identity, showcasing a shift from self-loathing to acceptance around the time of the Stonewall riots in 1969. ""The Beautiful Room is Empty"" is portrayed as a groundbreaking work that challenges societal norms and speaks to the urgency of understanding contemporary issues, particularly in light of the AIDs crisis. Hunter describes the novel as a compelling blend of literary prowess and personal exploration, making it essential reading for a society grappling with changing attitudes towards homosexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880507_2_107_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880507.2.107.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,578923200
6347,13,05,1988,"Master Spy Philby Dead (Press, 13 May 1988)","Harold (Kim) Philby, the notorious British double agent who spent 30 years betraying Western intelligence to the Soviet Union, has died in Moscow at the age of 76. The news of his death was relayed by the Soviet Embassy in London, although specific details regarding his passing were not disclosed. Philby, a key figure during the Cold War, defected to the Soviet Union in 1963 following a career marked by espionage and deception as he led British anti-Soviet operations while secretly providing invaluable secrets to the K.G.B. His exposure as a double agent created a scandal in Britain and strained relations with the United States Central Intelligence Agency. Philby, whose elite background and political connections facilitated his treachery, is believed to have directly contributed to the deaths of numerous British agents. A former intelligence officer, reflecting on Philby's death, remarked that he would celebrate with a bottle of champagne. Philby was part of a group of Cambridge University graduates, known as the ""Third Man"", who were recruited by Soviet intelligence in the early 1930s. His fellow conspirators, Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean, defected to Moscow in 1951, raising suspicions about Philby's loyalty. Despite being on the verge of rising to a senior role within intelligence operations, he managed to evade detection for several more years. Eventually, amidst mounting evidence against him, Philby fled to Moscow from Beirut, where he was celebrated as a hero and even awarded the rank of K.G.B. general. Philby claimed to still be in the K.G.B.’s employment earlier in the year. In exile, Philby lived with his Russian wife, Rufa, in Moscow, enjoying the benefits of a Dacha while longing for British delicacies like marmalade. Unlike Burgess, he remained disengaged from Western society and expressed a desire to be buried in the Soviet Union, which he had come to consider his true home. Philby shared a complicated history with fellow spies Burgess and Maclean, as well as 'Fourth Man' Anthony Blunt, who was outed publicly as a spy in the late 1970s. Philby’s cause of death remains unknown, but he took to the grave a lingering secret about who had informed him of his impending exposure while in Beirut — speculation suggests it could have been Blunt, who later met a disgraced fate in the UK. Burgess, known for his flamboyant lifestyle, died two decades ago from cancer, while Maclean's remains were interred in an English churchyard in 1983. Philby's legacy is defined by his remarkable ability to navigate the world of espionage while orchestrating betrayal on an unprecedented scale, ultimately straining critical international alliances during a tense period of history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880513_2_68_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880513.2.68.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,579441600
6536,14,05,1988,"Deportee Charged (Press, 14 May 1988)","On 14 May 1988, Simone Rothschild, a 32-year-old deported New Zealand transsexual, was arrested upon her arrival at Auckland Airport from Australia. Rothschild faced 19 charges related to fraud and false pretence, linked to dishonesty charges from 1981. She had been described in police records as a gemologist. Arrest warrants had been issued for her in April 1983 when she did not appear in court to respond to the charges against her. In her first appearance at the District Court in Auckland before Judge Gilbert, Rothschild explained that her absence in 1983 was due to her providing evidence in an Australian court trial. During the proceedings, she noted that she had changed her name from Simon Pike to Simone Rothschild by deed poll and indicated her intention to live in Campbells Bay, North Shore. Judge Gilbert decided to remand Rothschild on bail, setting a next court date for 27 May 1988, with the condition that she report to the police daily.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880514_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880514.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,579528000
6348,14,05,1988,"Possible A.I.D.S.-infected Drug Addict (Press, 14 May 1988)","A Soviet woman named Patricia Legras is undergoing tests in Moscow to determine if she is a carrier of the A.I.D.S. virus. If positive, she would be the first known drug addict in the Soviet Union to be infected with the disease. As of May 1988, there are reported to be 45 carriers in the country, an increase from 19 six months prior, along with one confirmed case of A.I.D.S. Among foreigners, 238 have tested positive and been expelled, with three patients from abroad having died within the Soviet Union due to the illness. Valentin Pokrovsky, President of the Academy of Medical Sciences, acknowledges that while the situation in the Soviet Union is relatively better than in Western Europe, complacency must be avoided. He notes that lower incidence rates of homosexuality, prostitution, and drug addiction, along with the late emergence of a sexual revolution, have helped prevent a widespread epidemic. He does not mention how border restrictions may have played a role. Blood donors in the Soviet Union have been regularly screened since the beginning of 1988, resulting in only one donor testing positive, who had already transmitted the virus to five individuals. A total of three million people in high-risk groups have been tested in the past 18 months. Pokrovsky admits there should have been more openness about A.I.D.S. in earlier years, highlighting that previous denials of homosexuality and prostitution have hindered public understanding. However, he sees the new policy of glasnost as a beneficial step forward in education regarding the disease. The Moscow A.I.D.S. clinic offers completely anonymous testing and is equipped with modern facilities, including a dedicated laboratory led by Dr Vladimir Sergiev. He employs a reliable British diagnostic system for testing blood samples. While there are 270 testing laboratories across the Soviet Union, only five laboratories can conduct thorough checks on suspicious samples. Most of the known carriers in the Soviet Union are women, many of whom have had sexual relations with foreign students. The problem of drug addiction is relatively new, with around 10,000 believed to be drug users, which raises concerns about the potential for increased A.I.D.S. transmission, especially as there are no disposable syringes available to the general public. Plans are in place to significantly boost syringe production and increase condom availability. Both Dr Sergiev and Pokrovsky emphasise the importance of public education and changing sexual habits in the fight against A.I.D.S. They highlight a case involving a homosexual translator who had contacts in Tanzania, leading to 22 traced individuals, with five resulting in positive tests. The clinic's routine testing shows that many individuals feel well and continue their lives despite their status. Pokrovsky expresses concern that measures against epidemics are often implemented too late and is doubtful about a near-term vaccine being found. He believes a comprehensive understanding of the illness is necessary and views the fight against A.I.D.S. as an international issue, not one that can be managed by any single country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880514_2_106_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880514.2.106.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,579528000
7536,16,05,1988,"Alcohol Link With A.i.d.s. Suggested (Press, 16 May 1988)","Researchers are increasingly exploring the potential link between alcohol consumption and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (A.LD.S.), as highlighted in the newsletter from the Alcoholic Liquor Advisory Council published on 16 May 1988. Mr Ian Mac Ewan from Alcohol Concern in London notes that while the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.) is a significant factor in A.LD.S., there are indications that other co-factors, including alcohol, could play a role in the onset and progression of the disease. Studies suggest alcohol might impact A.LD.S. in two significant ways. Firstly, it may enhance the likelihood of H.I.V. establishing itself in helper T-cells, which are crucial for fighting off infections. Secondly, alcohol consumption may exacerbate the symptoms and conditions related to A.LD.S. in individuals already infected with H.I.V., as it suppresses the immune system. The implications of alcohol use extend beyond direct effects on the virus; for instance, it can lower inhibitions leading to high-risk sexual behaviours, thereby increasing the likelihood of H.I.V. exposure. Mac Ewan asserts that alcohol can set the stage for bacterial infections and is associated with a decrease in white blood cell levels, which hampers the body’s response to infections. Heavy drinkers tend to have lower T-cell counts and their alcohol consumption can inhibit the formation of new T-cells, which are essential in combating H.I.V. Given these concerning associations, alcohol agencies in the United States are taking proactive measures by promoting awareness about at-risk groups and encouraging abstinence from alcohol within these populations. Mr Mac Ewan strongly advocates for the development of targeted prevention strategies for at-risk individuals as well as intervention measures for those who are H.I.V. positive or suffering from A.LD.S. However, Neil Thornton, co-ordinator of the Wellington Alcohol and Drug Centre, points out that the emerging information about the link between alcohol and A.LD.S. may overlook the role of other drugs. He emphasises that all drugs can suppress the immune system and lead to unsafe sexual practices. Consequently, he calls for a more comprehensive approach to A.LD.S. prevention that includes moderation in the use of all substances, not just alcohol. Lastly, Keith Evans, the executive director of the Alcoholic Liquor Advisory Council, has indicated that should the evidence supporting the alcohol-A.LD.S. connection continue to grow, the Council would consider ways to disseminate this information further.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880516_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880516.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,579700800
6806,18,05,1988,"The Bitter Tears Of Petra Von Kant (Press, 18 May 1988)","Free Theatre is showcasing the German play ""The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant"" by Rainer Werner Fassbinder at the Rolleston Avenue theatre in the Arts Centre, with performances running until 28 May 1988. Fassbinder, known for his work as a filmmaker, theatre director, and playwright, originally created ""The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant"" as a stage play, which he later adapted into a film. The narrative centres on Petra, a fashion designer who aims to reshape her life based on her aesthetic ideals. Disillusioned by her experiences with marriage and the male-dominated world, she seeks solace in lesbian love. However, she soon discovers that beauty and love come at a price, akin to the costs of achieving success and financial autonomy. Director Peter Falkenberg describes the play as evolving from soap opera and melodrama into a sharp critique of patriarchal society and the male principle. The production oscillates between kitsch and art, illustrating Petra's conflict between her longing for love and beauty and her exploitation of those around her. Falkenberg has opted to set the play in a New Zealand context, portraying it as a ""tatty capitalist dream"" rather than a mirror of reality. In a unique twist, Petra von Kant’s dresses will be featured in a fashion show, with items available for sale during intermissions and at the conclusion of the performance. This production marks a collaboration between Free Theatre and the newly established University Drama Programme.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880518_2_109_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880518.2.109.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,579873600
7184,19,05,1988,"Press Body Allows ‘poofter’ Headings (Press, 19 May 1988)","On 19 May 1988, Britain’s Press Council announced its decision that newspapers could continue to use the terms ""poof"" and ""poofter"" in reference to homosexuals, despite complaints lodged against the tabloids ""Star"" and ""Sun."" The complaints originated from a London homosexual-rights organisation that contended the newspapers' headlines were derogatory and offensive. These headlines included phrases such as ""Runcie’s Poof Ban"" and ""Runcie Backs Ban On Pulpit Poofs,"" which referred to Dr. Robert Runcie, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in relation to a debate within the Anglican Church about whether to impose a ban on homosexuals serving in the clergy. Ultimately, the Church did not implement such a ban. The Press Council, which lacks statutory authority, acknowledged that while the language used was considered coarse, these terms were widely recognised and therefore fell within the discretion of newspaper editors. The ruling occurs against a backdrop where homosexuality between consenting adults in private is legal in Britain. The use of these words by the tabloids reflects the ongoing tension in media representation of homosexuality and the existing societal attitudes towards it during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880519_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880519.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,579960000
7537,21,05,1988,"A.i.d.s. Virus In Bone Marrow? (Press, 21 May 1988)","Research conducted by United States scientists suggests that the AIDS virus may be hiding in sanctuaries within bone marrow, where new blood cells are formed. This finding was reported by ""New Scientist"" magazine on 21 May 1988. The study, led by Thomas Folks from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in Maryland, indicated that some immature or precursor blood cells in the bone marrow could serve as reservoirs for the AIDS virus, known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The presence of HIV in these precursor cells could provide an explanation for the virus's lengthy period of latency, according to Folks. He speculated that as mature blood cells pass through the bone marrow, they might either acquire the virus from infected precursor cells or that the precursors themselves could progress to maturity while remaining infected. One of the most notable findings reported was that these precursor cells do not have the CD4 receptor, a protein previously thought to be critical for HIV to attach to and infect a cell. Instead, the precursor cells were found to possess a different receptor known as CD34. This revelation may have significant implications for understanding the behaviour of the HIV virus and for developing more effective treatments for AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880521_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880521.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580132800
6349,21,05,1988,"How Wilde Shaped A World (Press, 21 May 1988)","A biography titled ""Oscar Wilde"" by Richard Eilmann, published in 1987, offers a comprehensive examination of the life and philosophies of the famed writer. In the book, Eilmann explores Wilde’s early aspirations, where he professed a desire to become notable, whether through fame or notoriety. The work dissects Wilde’s life against the backdrop of the moralistic Victorian era, highlighting his extravagant choices in dress, opinion, and behaviour, which ultimately led to a path of ruin. Eilmann argues that understanding Wilde's artistic and moral philosophy is critical to appreciating his contributions and the intricacies of his character. While it may seem redundant to release yet another biography of Wilde, Eilmann’s work stands out due to the new details and insights it presents into Wilde’s life, particularly during his formative years at Oxford and the tumultuous period following his imprisonment. The biography is praised for its well-researched narrative that balances detail with readability. Eilmann builds a richer context for Wilde's character by delving into his family background, revealing an eccentric lineage marked by risks in moral, literary, and financial aspects. Wilde's father, a prominent Dublin doctor, had a complicated reputation, while his mother aspired to social and poetic heights beyond her means. Eilmann elucidates Wilde’s intellectual prowess and academic accomplishments, suggesting that his reputation and abilities did not shield him from criticism or societal suspicion, particularly concerning his aesthetic lifestyle and possible homosexual inclinations. The narrative explores the theory that Wilde may have contracted syphilis during his Oxford years, an affliction that deeply impacted his life choices and emotional state. Central to Wilde’s life story is his tumultuous relationship with Alfred Douglas, whose character is painted with a critical brush in the biography. Eilmann illustrates how Douglas’s manipulative nature contributed to Wilde’s downfall, especially in light of the antagonism from Douglas's father, Queensberry. The narrative reaches a turning point when Wilde's relationship with Douglas leads to public scandal and ultimately to Wilde’s imprisonment for “gross indecency.” Eilmann’s biography shines in the portrayal of Wilde’s final years, capturing the grim realities of his prison experience and the betrayal he felt from those he thought were friends. The societal stigma attached to Wilde following his conviction rendered him nearly destitute, stripped of the support he once enjoyed. The contrast between Wilde’s past popularity and his later years of poverty is stark, with existing allies turning away from his tarnished reputation. Despite these challenges, Eilmann posits that Wilde’s legacy and influence on literature and societal norms remain significant. He posits that Wilde’s examination of morality and behaviour and his artistic flair shaped not only the 1890s but continued to resonate into subsequent eras. Eilmann concludes that Wilde helped redefine perceptions of good and evil, suggesting that these concepts are more complex than they initially appear. The biography offers a poignant reflection on a life filled with contradictions and ultimately contributes to the understanding of Wilde's enduring impact on culture and thought.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880521_2_129_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880521.2.129.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580132800
6350,24,05,1988,"Palace Found (Press, 24 May 1988)","Archaeologists have discovered the remains of King Edward II's 14th-century palace in London, believed to have been a place where the king spent time with his male lover before being overthrown by his wife. Historical accounts suggest that Edward II was murdered in a brutal manner involving a red-hot poker. Alongside these significant findings, the excavation site has also revealed the foundations of a house previously owned by Sir John Fastolf, who is thought to have inspired Shakespeare's character Sir John Falstaff. The discoveries provide valuable insights into the lives of historical figures and the societal context of the period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880524_2_108.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880524.2.108,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580392000
6351,24,05,1988,"Tribunal Ruling Is ‘topsy-turvy’ (Press, 24 May 1988)","On 24 May 1988, the Wellington Women Against Pornography (W.A.P.) expressed dissatisfaction with recent classifications made by the Indecent Publications Tribunal, labelling them as topsy-turvy. The tribunal classified several publications, including “Jock,” “Uncut,” “Cavalier” (published in March 1987), “Cheri,” “The Best of Cheri,” “Stallion,” “Stallion’s 50 Best,” and “Blueboy” (published in November 1986), as unconditionally indecent. W.A.P. spokesperson Trish Mullins welcomed the decision to ban “Cavalier” and “Cheri,” stating that these magazines demeaned women and incited hatred and violence against them. ""Cavalier,"" targeted at heterosexual readers, featured themes of violence in the context of female wrestling and included ads promoting spanking and wrestling scenes, which the tribunal deemed harmful to the public good. Meanwhile, “Cheri” and “Best of Cheri” displayed single female nudes but also illustrated multiple female models in intimate scenarios. However, W.A.P. raised concerns over the tribunal's decision to classify “Jock,” “Uncut,” and “Blueboy” as indecent solely due to their portrayal of sexual intimacy between men. Mullins argued that the existing legal framework was flawed, stating that the focus should not be merely on sexual explicitness or nudity, but rather on whether the content involved the sexual subordination of individuals. The tribunal also noted that “Stallion” and its associated publications depicted excessive sexual intimacy among male models performing homosexual acts. The magazines aimed at male homosexuals, such as “Jock” and “Uncut,” featured sexual imagery that breached the tribunal's guidelines as well. Mullins concluded that publications that represent women as mere sex objects, advocating for harm or degradation, should be the ones banned, rather than materials featuring nudity or those depicting same-sex relationships. The controversy arose after customs officials in Auckland seized these publications the previous year, intensifying discussions about censorship and the criteria used to determine what constitutes indecency in printed material.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880524_2_140_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880524.2.140.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580392000
6807,25,05,1988,"Community Grants (Press, 25 May 1988)","In a letter published on 25 May 1988, E. Bedo expressed strong opposition to government funding through the Community Organisations Grants Scheme (C.O.G.S.), referring to comments made by Mr Alistair Graham regarding potential cuts to such funding. Bedo argued that Graham's assertions about disadvantaged groups, including Maoris, Pacific Islanders, women, and the disabled, were unfounded. Bedo claimed that Maoris have numerous advantages, citing 252 statutory benefits that he believed exceeded those available to non-Maoris. He noted that Pacific Islanders migrate to New Zealand to take advantage of better employment and education opportunities compared to their home islands. In regard to women, Bedo pointed out that discrimination against them is prohibited by law, thereby contesting claims of their disadvantage. Furthermore, he argued that the disabled benefit from what he considered to be one of the most generous accident compensation systems in the world. The letter concluded with a critique of how C.O.G.S. funds were being allocated, suggesting that much of the money was going to organisations supporting gay rights and lesbian activism. Bedo called for an end to what he termed the ""squandering"" of public funds, implying that the grants were misdirected and should no longer be supported by taxpayer money.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880525_2_99_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880525.2.99.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580478400
6352,25,05,1988,"Not The 9 O’clock News (Press, 25 May 1988)","On 25 May 1988, a group of four lesbians staged a high-profile protest during the BBC's main evening news programme, bringing attention to homosexual rights in front of millions of viewers. The incident unfolded when they interrupted the broadcast, causing chaos as newscaster Sue Lawley tried to maintain composure while delivering the news. She acknowledged the disturbance to the audience, stating, ""I do apologise if you’re hearing quite a lot of noise in this studio at the moment,"" while the protesters shouted slogans like “Stop the clause,” which referred to a controversial piece of legislation prohibiting local councils from funding projects that presented homosexuality positively. Despite the disruption, Lawley remained professional, aiming to continue the broadcast to the best of her ability amidst the commotion. At the conclusion of the 30-minute show, she reassured viewers that the situation had been resolved, clarifying that the protesters had been removed by police and apologising for the disturbance. A representative for the protesters explained that their action was intended as a strong statement against section 29 of the Local Government Finance Bill, which was set to come into effect later that night. This protest followed an earlier incident where three lesbians had similarly made headlines by descending into the House of Lords on ropes, expressing pride in their identity amidst cheers from the public gallery. The bold actions of these activists reflected ongoing tensions and struggles surrounding LGBTQ+ rights in the UK, highlighting the protests that sought to challenge public perceptions and government policies on homosexuality at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880525_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880525.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580478400
6353,26,05,1988,"A Last Harrumph—looking Back At Revolutionary... (Press, 26 May 1988)","A reflective piece published on 26 May 1988 evaluates the significant social upheaval of 1968 through the eyes of a 65-year-old grandfather. This period, termed ""annus mirabilis,"" was marked by a profound generational conflict between the post-war baby boomers and their parents, who were largely born in the early 1920s. The writer reminisces about the optimistic outlook of the post-war generation, who, faced with the aftermath of World War II, managed to establish a consumer society that transformed lives with increased prosperity and technological advancements, including sending a man to the moon. However, as the baby boomers entered universities in 1968, a sense of discontent arose among students, who expressed feelings of betrayal towards their parents’ perceived smugness. They accused the older generation of giving them nothing of value, despite enjoying benefits such as full employment, which they considered uninspiring. The author suggests that this rebellion was a typical manifestation of youth challenging the status quo, highlighting that the discontent of each generation can often propel societal progress. The events of 1968 resulted in a noticeable shift in the political landscape, characterised by a marked swing to the Right over the following two decades. The immediate effect was evident in France, where the elections following the May events led to a significant decline in Left political representation. By 1988, this political realignment had given rise to powerful movements like Thatcherism in the UK and Reaganism in the USA, which went beyond what any Tory could have envisioned at the time. In contrast, the author reflects on the educational repercussions of the 1968 uprisings, noting that many universities struggled with overwhelming student populations and unrest. Educators often retreated in the face of campus riots, leading to a decline in rigorous academic discourse within the social sciences. This environment permitted unsubstantiated theories, such as those from the Club of Rome regarding resource scarcity, to gain traction without adequate intellectual scrutiny. Culturally, the article argues that the artistic landscape was altered more by the advent of the birth-control pill than by student protests. The leaders of the student movements introduced ideas about personal freedoms and societal norms that diverged from traditional moral views. The author critiques the period as having oscillated between enforcing oppressive middle-class values and promoting newly permissive attitudes, which ultimately failed to yield lasting artistic contributions. Concern is raised about the potential consequences of the 1968 cultural revolution, as the writer notes the rise of family fragmentation and its links to social issues like crime and drug abuse, particularly in single-parent households. The commentary concludes with a sardonic anticipation that the children of the 1968 generation may someday try to revert to conservative values and work ethics similar to those of their own grandparents, thus perpetuating a cycle of cultural shifts across generations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880526_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880526.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580564800
6354,26,05,1988,"Hungarian ‘gays’ Finally Emerge (Press, 26 May 1988)","In Budapest, psychiatrist Lajos Romsauer has revealed his journey of coming to terms with his sexuality, stating he understood he was gay as a child, confided in someone at 20, and publicly acknowledged it at the age of 52. This admission marked a significant moment as Romsauer, who has been vocal about the taboo surrounding homosexuality in Hungary, participated in the founding of the National Association for Hungarian Homosexuals, which is the only state-recognised organisation for homosexuals in Eastern Europe. The event attracted 120 attendees and is seen as a response to societal discrimination, particularly intensified by concerns over Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Romsauer, now president of this self-funded association, expressed hopes that it will combat discrimination and shift public perceptions regarding homosexuality. He asserted that homosexuals wish to live openly rather than being marginalised. The association also prefers the internal name “Hom-Eros,” aiming to unify rather than separate its members. Romsauer noted that despite Hungary's comparatively liberal stance among Eastern Bloc countries, there remains significant prejudice. He mentioned that many of his psychiatric clients drop him upon learning he is gay, and various professionals risk job loss if their sexual orientation is revealed. The situation for homosexuals varies widely in the region, with Bulgaria, East Germany, and Czechoslovakia also struggling with acceptance, while homosexuality remains criminalised in Romania. Romsauer lamented the lack of artistic engagement on the subject in Hungary and the refusal of newspapers to publish homosexual advertisements. He positioned himself as the only Hungarian to confidently share his sexuality with the media and fought for three years to achieve official permission to form the association. The reason behind this shift in public policy, according to Romsauer, is multi-faceted, involving the dismissal of a health minister who viewed homosexuals negatively, the encouragement of ""glasnost,"" and crucially, growing awareness of AIDS—a disease that predominantly affects homosexual men and intravenous drug users. To date, official statistics indicate five deaths from AIDS in Hungary, with eight known cases currently suffering from the disease and the virus identified in 154 individuals. Despite the association's initial focus on addressing AIDS, Romsauer emphasised its broader mission to advocate against societal and cultural discrimination, viewing the approval of the association as an important victory for homosexual rights in Hungary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880526_2_147.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880526.2.147,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580564800
6355,27,05,1988,"Insurance Firms Anxious To Avoid Discrimination (Press, 27 May 1988)","In an article published in the ""New Zealand Law Journal,"" Dr Andrew Borrowdale, a senior law lecturer at the University of Canterbury, discussed the stance of New Zealand life insurance companies on the disclosure of homosexuality in the application process. The article, dated 27 May 1988, highlights the findings from a questionnaire sent to 26 life insurance companies in New Zealand regarding their policies on sexual orientation and its implications for insurance coverage. Dr Borrowdale's analysis revealed that a majority of insurance companies did not consider homosexuality to be a material fact that needed to be disclosed when applying for life insurance. Out of the 26 companies surveyed, 12 responded, three declined to participate, and 11 did not reply. Nine of the responding insurers confirmed that they did not view homosexuality as a material fact, while one indicated that this perspective might change if evidence emerged linking homosexuality to altered mortality statistics. Dr Borrowdale noted that the decision to insure primarily hinges on the medical history and condition of the individual applying for the policy. However, he pointed out that if homosexuality were disclosed, it might prompt further medical investigation to assess any potential risks. A representative from one company explained that ""prudent insurers"" would consider additional factors that could necessitate further medical examinations if they were aware that a proposer was homosexual. None of the companies stated that they would outright decline a life insurance policy based solely on an individual identifying as homosexual. Additionally, they indicated that a policy would not be voided if the individual later died from an A.I.D.S.-related condition, as long as the individual had disclosed their sexual orientation. That said, one company specified that if a policy application included questions about sexual habits and homosexuality was not disclosed, the company would have grounds to potentially repudiate the policy depending on the circumstances of the death. Three companies viewed homosexuality as a disclosable fact based on concerns regarding the higher risk of A.I.D.S. within the homosexual community. However, even in these cases, they acknowledged that disclosing homosexuality would not automatically lead to a denial of coverage; the ultimate decision would be reliant on subsequent medical evidence. Dr Borrowdale concluded that while insurers in New Zealand were cautious about discriminating against homosexuals, the question of whether they were justified in expecting the disclosure of homosexuality remained complex. He suggested that a court might not classify homosexuality as a material fact, although a minority of insurers maintained it could be relevant. Conversely, any indication of A.I.D.S. would undoubtedly be considered a critical fact that must be disclosed during the application process.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880527_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880527.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580651200
7452,27,05,1988,"Worming Their Way Through Life (Press, 27 May 1988)","In an article by Irene Thompson published on 27 May 1988, the fascinating reproductive habits and ecological significance of earthworms are explored. Earthworms, which are primarily bisexual and spend their days searching for mates, attract each other by laying trails in the soil. They can lay eggs every 14 days, hatching approximately 20 young. Despite the diversity of worm species, they do not interbreed. Dr Sylvia Richards from Keele University sheds light on their prolific breeding habits. The article highlights an unusual discovery by Alan Ward, who found a record-breaking 180 cm worm in his Wiltshire garden, which is now preserved at the British Museum. This specimen is notable alongside the giant Gippsland earthworm from Australia, which is nearly three metres long and listed as endangered by the World Wildlife Fund. The article notes that the South African giant earthworm is the longest, growing up to seven metres. Worms are vital for gardening, as they aerate the soil through their ongoing tunnelling. They contribute significantly to the ecosystem, working alongside ants as crucial soil organisms. In recent years, worm farming has become a profitable industry, where worms are used to produce sustainable fertiliser from organic waste. These worms digest materials such as kitchen leftovers or animal waste, excreting nutrient-rich compost. Typically, a worm farming kit costs around $500, and farmers can expect a high return on investment due to the compost they produce. British Earthworm Technology is a company that adopts this approach by purchasing the compost and worms from farmers and returning a portion of the worms to them for continued breeding. The article also recounts a humorous incident involving city officials in Cologne, West Germany, who borrowed a million Chilean earthworms for an ecological project. While the worms successfully converted city waste into compost over a year, they ultimately burrowed away when it was time to return them. The farm demanded the original worms plus their progeny, leading to a hefty financial dilemma for the city. Additionally, the story mentions the training of 50,000 green worms in London before their deployment to North Yorkshire moors to rehabilitate fire-damaged grazing land. This illustrates the versatility of worms and their capacity to contribute to environmental restoration projects. Overall, the article emphasizes the crucial role of earthworms in agriculture and ecological health, detailing both their biological traits and their economic impact.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880527_2_104_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880527.2.104.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,580651200
6357,01,06,1988,"Gays, Lesbians To Protest (Press, 1 June 1988)","On 1 June 1988, a picket was scheduled to take place outside the British Consul's residence in Christchurch at noon. The demonstration was organised by local members of the lesbian and homosexual community in response to Clause 28 of the British Local Government Bill. This controversial clause prohibited British local authorities from promoting homosexuality in any form, including through publications, school programmes, or the funding of lesbian and homosexual groups. The protest aimed to express solidarity with the Lesbian and Gay Rights Movement in Britain, which was vigorously opposing the clause that was set to come into effect on the same day. The decision to stage the picket outside the British Consul's home was made because he represented the British Government, making the location particularly significant for the demonstrators. A spokesperson for the organisers stated that the picket was intended to highlight their support for those struggling against the legislation in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880601_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880601.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581083200
6356,01,06,1988,"Needle Scheme Opposed (Press, 1 June 1988)","On 1 June 1988, the National Society on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence expressed strong opposition to a national needle and syringe exchange scheme aimed at supporting intravenous drug users. The programme, which had been in operation for two weeks, allowed users to purchase a needle and syringe exchange pack for $9, which included information on AIDS and condoms. Users could pay $6 if they returned a used needle or syringe. Dr Jean Bryson, the chairman of the society's treatment committee, argued that providing needles to addicts sends a contradictory message. She contended that supplying these instruments merely encourages addiction and tacitly approves of illegal drug use. Dr Bryson highlighted concerns about the potential dangers posed by discarded needles, particularly to children, who might encounter them and face risks of infection. Dr Bryson advocated for a focus on treatment for addicts rather than providing them with supplies that could perpetuate their drug use. She noted that the connection between intravenous drug users and positive antibody tests for the AIDS virus was relatively low, questioning the necessity of a needle exchange initiative. At that time, the Health Department reported 76 cases of AIDS in New Zealand, with 67 of those cases (88 per cent) being among homosexual individuals, and only two cases linked to intravenous drug users, who were also identified as homosexual.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880601_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880601.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581083200
7070,01,06,1988,"Pop Performers The Rising Star Of Dollywood (Press, 1 June 1988)","Dolly Parton, a prominent figure in country music, is currently involved in several projects, including a TV show, a film, and a musical. In an interview, she expresses gratitude for being a woman and speaks fondly of her husband, Carl Dean, with whom she has been married for 22 years. Parton admits that their personalities are vastly different, as she is extroverted and he is more introverted. However, their relationship is strong, built on mutual respect and independence. They maintain separate lives while still coming together when it matters. The couple resides primarily in Nashville, where Dean manages a real estate business, and they enjoy spending time together during camping holidays. Although Parton has a longing for children, health issues and past struggles have led to the conclusion that they will not have kids. Both have discussed the possibility of adoption but find it challenging due to age restrictions. Parton, renowned for her oversized personality and equally famous physical attributes, embraces the jokes and attention her looks attract. She reflects on her upbringing in a large family within a modest home in the Smoky Mountains, noting how her flamboyant style developed as a means of standing out. She explains her affinity for wigs, stating she possesses around 300 and frequently switches up her looks. With a demanding schedule that includes making two albums per year and hosting a weekly variety show titled ""Dolly,"" Parton remains busy. Her latest album, ""Rainbows,"" is a recent release. She is also preparing for a winter film project and plans to write and direct a musical about her life called ""Wild Flower,"" with the intention of having family members step in for her if needed. Parton recounts how she met her husband on her first day in Nashville after moving to pursue her music career. Their connection was instant, leading to a quick courtship and marriage. Despite achieving immense financial success, Parton maintains a strong connection to her roots, recently purchasing the childhood home she grew up in, intending to restore it as a reminder of where she came from. Through her bubbly and open personality, Parton reveals her spirituality, which she credits for her energy and passion for her work, while also acknowledging her humble beginnings as a motivating factor in her life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880601_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880601.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581083200
6358,03,06,1988,"Flatmates Fought After Drinking Together (Press, 3 June 1988)","In November 1987, a violent incident occurred between two men living together in a homosexual relationship, Te Rangi Tuatahi Stirling and his flatmate Richard Kerry Bentley. The altercation took place after a night of heavy drinking on 5 November, culminating in Stirling stabbing Bentley in the heart with a vegetable knife. Stirling, aged 26, faced charges of wounding Bentley with intent to cause grievous bodily harm, as well as wounding with intent to injure. He denied these claims, which were examined during a trial in the High Court. During the trial, medical evidence revealed that Bentley had required extensive surgery after the stabbing, which nearly resulted in fatality. He lost a significant volume of blood and spent several days in hospital recovering. Bentley, 20 at the time, recounted events of that night, describing how both he and Stirling became extremely intoxicated and engaged in an argument that led to a physical confrontation. He noted that he had been too inebriated to remember the details of the quarrel. After resuming his fight with Stirling, Bentley stated that he returned to bed, only for Stirling to return with the knife and attack him. The ensuing struggle resulted in the knife entering Bentley's chest. Following the incident, Stirling left the flat, and his brother later arrived at the scene after being alerted by Stirling, who expressed fear that he had killed Bentley. Stirling’s brother described his sibling as being in a shaken and bruised state. Detective Constable S. M. Willcox provided testimony that indicated Stirling had confessed to the stabbing, acknowledging the influence of alcohol on their actions. Stirling claimed that he had been regularly beaten by Bentley and that he only grabbed the knife in a bid to defend himself and equalise the power dynamic in their relationship. He maintained that he did not aim to harm Bentley intentionally, and his actions were not premeditated. The defence argued that the stabbing could have been an accidental outcome of their physical struggle or a reflex in self-defence. The trial culminated with both Crown and defence presenting their cases, after which the judge prepared to summate the evidence for the jury. The volatile relationship between the two men was underscored by a history of violence, jealousy, and possessiveness. Despite both acknowledging a pattern of violent incidents in their relationship, Bentley indicated that they had achieved a sense of happiness following the stabbing incident. The jury’s deliberations were awaited after the closing arguments from both sides presented the complex dynamics of their relationship and the events leading to the stabbing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880603_2_40_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880603.2.40.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581256000
7538,04,06,1988,"Anonymous Testing Tor A.i.d.s. In Australia? (Press, 4 June 1988)","On 4 June 1988, news emerged from Sydney regarding Australia’s upcoming implementation of a new national programme for anonymous A.I.D.S. testing. This initiative, anticipated to launch following the Federal Budget, is designed to conduct A.I.D.S. testing without individuals’ awareness through what is termed sentinel screening. Professor Tony Basten, an A.I.D.S. adviser to the Federal Government, indicated that this system would utilise blood samples collected for other medical reasons, such as during hospital admissions. Professor Basten reassured the public that this testing approach would not compromise patient confidentiality, as the tests would remain anonymous. He acknowledged the difficulty of obtaining informed consent given the severity of the A.I.D.S. epidemic, arguing that public health priorities must sometimes outweigh individual rights. He opined that concerning a lethal virus, finding an appropriate balance between individual rights and public health is essential. He cited that sentinel testing has been previously implemented in the United States and Britain, where it has proven effective. For instance, its introduction in Britain exposed the presence of HIV 2, a strain not yet detected in Australia. Professor Basten stressed that this method is neither novel nor insidious but is instead an accepted public health tool in other countries. The Federal Health Minister, Dr Neal Blewett, has approved funding for this scheme, which has been put forth by the Commonwealth A.I.D.S. Research Grants Committee. Professor Basten expressed the urgent need for such a system in Australia, highlighting that it would provide vital data on the actual number of people infected with the A.I.D.S. virus. Current estimates present a stark discrepancy: while official figures identify around 5,100 Australians as A.I.D.S. carriers, estimates from the World Health Organisation suggest the true number could be as high as 85,000. This gap in knowledge has significant implications for the Government’s ability to formulate effective strategies for managing the epidemic and for educational outreach. Presently, A.I.D.S. testing in Australia has been limited to cases where informed consent is obtained, except in certain circumstances, such as for transplant donors, where testing is mandatory. The introduction of anonymous testing is hoped to fill a crucial gap in understanding the spread of A.I.D.S. and support the development of targeted public health initiatives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880604_2_174.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880604.2.174,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581342400
6978,04,06,1988,"Surviving The Urban Jungle (Press, 4 June 1988)","In his 1988 novel ""Strega,"" Andrew Vachss continues the intense and visceral storytelling style established in his previous work, ""Flood."" The book, reviewed by Ken Strongman, features Burke, a hardened private eye who embodies a complex mix of toughness and moral conviction. An ex-con and con-man, Burke operates in the perilous underworld of New York City, drawing parallels to a city-dwelling version of Rambo. Burke is accompanied by a unique and colourful cast of associates: the wise and astute 'Prof,' a small but intellectually formidable black beggar; 'Mole,' a reclusive electronics expert who dwells in a junkyard protected by wild dogs; Michelle, a striking transvestite; and Max, an incredibly strong and silent Chinese man. Together, they form an engaging team that supports Burke as he takes on morally challenging missions. The plot unfolds when Strega, a character described as a ""witch-bitch,"" hires Burke to recover a photograph of her friend’s son. The boy has been abducted, and the disturbing circumstances involve coercion into sexual acts tied to the illicit child pornography industry. As Burke and his team dive deeper into the dark realities of this underground market, they uncover layers of corruption and exploitation that challenge their resolve. Much like ""Flood,"" ""Strega"" does not simply glorify the violence inherent in its setting; instead, it offers keen insights into life in New York City. Through pithy observations, Vachss paints a gritty picture of survival where appearances can be deceiving: “The key to survival in this world is to have people think you’re doing tricks for them.” Burke stands out as a memorable protagonist—streetwise and resilient yet possessing enough emotional depth to prevent him from devolving into mere psychopathy. He is portrayed as a dangerously charming figure, offering a blend of toughness and romanticism, navigating a world filled with moral ambiguity. Overall, ""Strega"" is an action-packed narrative that blends gritty realism with complex characters, showcasing Vachss's skill in crafting compelling crime stories that resonate with larger social themes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880604_2_131_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880604.2.131.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581342400
7486,06,06,1988,"Change Sex Education Law-—plea (Press, 6 June 1988)","Dr Max Abbott, the director of the Mental Health Foundation, advocated for legal changes that would permit the teaching of sex and contraception to individuals under the age of 16. In his remarks, made on 6 June 1988, he described the current law as ineffective and detrimental to health, labelling it ""an ass and a health hazard."" Dr Abbott voiced strong support for the Minister of Health’s call to reform this legislation, asserting that maintaining the status quo effectively condoned child sexual abuse. He highlighted findings from a recent Health Board report, which indicated that teenagers could face pregnancy, require termination of a pregnancy, or bear children while being legally barred from receiving necessary contraceptive information. This lack of access to information, he argued, exposed young individuals to unnecessary trauma and raised their risk of sexually transmitted infections, including AIDs. Dr Abbott acknowledged that not all adolescents are sexually active, yet he emphasised that contraception should still be easily available to those who are. The push for legal reforms has been a long-standing demand from health organisations and authorities. He articulated that a repeal of section 3 of the Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act and parts of the Education Amendment Act of 1985 would be necessary to enable the education of young people about contraception and safe sex practices. In summary, Dr Abbott made a compelling case for legislative changes to safeguard the health and wellbeing of young New Zealanders by ensuring they have access to vital information regarding sexual health and contraception.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880606_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880606.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581515200
6979,08,06,1988,"‘Phantom’ Dominates Tony Honours List (Press, 8 June 1988)","""The Phantom of the Opera,"" composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber, was the standout at the 42nd Tony Awards held in 1988, securing a total of seven awards including the prestigious best musical. In contrast, the best play award went to David Henry Hwang’s ""M. Butterfly,"" which centers around a French Foreign Service officer's two-decade-long affair with a Peking opera diva, later revealed to be a man. The play also triumphed by winning awards for best director of a play and a featured actor performance. The Tony Awards, renowned as Broadway's equivalent to the Oscars, saw Stephen Sondheim's ""Into the Woods,"" garner three Tonys. Joanna Gleason won best actress for her portrayal of the baker's wife, while Sondheim secured accolades for best book and best original score, notably edging out Lloyd Webber’s ""Phantom"" in the latter category. Michael Crawford, who plays the titular phantom, was honoured with the best actor in a musical award for his performance in the show. ""The Phantom of the Opera"" also won in several other categories including best director of a musical, scenic design, lighting, costumes, and featured actress for Judy Kaye. The best actor in a play award was claimed by Ron Silver for his role in David Mamet’s satirical piece, ""Speed-the-Plough."" Joan Allen received the best actress in a play award for her performance in ""Burn This,"" which had become the longest-running Broadway play of the season. Additional acting awards for featured performances went to Bill McCutcheon in the revival of Cole Porter’s musical ""Anything Goes,"" B.D. Wong for his role as the transvestite diva in ""M. Butterfly,"" and L. Scott Caldwell for her performance in August Wilson’s ""Joe Turner’s Come and Gone."" The revival of ""Anything Goes"" also enjoyed success by winning three Tonys, including best revival and best choreography. The accolades received by ""The Phantom of the Opera"" were largely anticipated, affirming its status as a monumental piece in contemporary musical theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880608_2_92.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880608.2.92,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581688000
6499,11,06,1988,"$750 Fine Imposed; Car To Be Forfeited To Crown (Press, 11 June 1988)","A Kaikoura fisherman, Stephen Nelson Young, who imported a second-hand Nissan car from Japan without the required licence in April 1987, was fined $750 by Judge Frampton at the District Court on 10 June 1988. In addition to the fine, the vehicle was ordered to be forfeited to the Crown. Young, 37, had legitimately brought in a Toyota car under his name but used another person's name for the Nissan. The Crown’s representative, Mr D.J.L. Saunders, stated that Young had been part of a tour in Japan to purchase second-hand vehicles and, under import regulations at that time, only one vehicle could be imported in a 12-month period. The individual whose name was used had not seen or paid for the car but had allowed her name to be used in the importation process. The situation arose from Young's purchase of the Toyota for $13,400 on the last day of the tour, when a representative indicated that a licence for importation had been arranged. Defence lawyer Mr P.J. O'Donnell argued that the culpability partly lay with the tour organisers, who had conducted a seminar explaining legal aspects of importing vehicles. Young, being a first offender, faced a potential maximum fine of $54,000, three times the value of the illegally imported Nissan. The judge considered the substantial financial loss Young would incur with the car’s forfeiture. In another case, the Dorian Society of Christchurch Inc., a social club for homosexuals, was fined $500 after being convicted for the third time for selling alcohol without a licence. Society president Christopher Lee, 34, was fined an additional $200. The offence occurred on 26 May 1988, following a police investigation prompted by complaints from the Christchurch Licensed Cabaret Association. Officers discovered liquor sales happening in the club during a search. The club's representatives argued that they believed their admission fee structure was legal, similar to other unlicensed clubs. After the incident, the club closed down and sought a new application to legally sell liquor. Furthermore, George Patrick Shannon, 50, was fined a total of $250 and ordered to pay $750 in compensation for breaking windows. He had ""elbowed"" the window of a clock repair shop on 9 June 1988, citing he had “nothing to do.” Shannon had previously been fined for breaking a window at an Armagh Street bank and still had a significant amount of money hidden for safekeeping. Judge Frampton expressed reluctance to impose an immediate custodial sentence but indicated that without prompt payment of the fines and compensation, Shannon would face three months in jail.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880611_2_37_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880611.2.37.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,581947200
7403,14,06,1988,"Appeal In A.I.D.S. Compo? (Press, 14 June 1988)","On 14 June 1988, an Auckland lawyer, Warren Templeton, expressed his readiness to take legal action to secure maximum compensation for haemophiliacs who contracted AIDS from contaminated blood products. This statement came after two individuals, one from Christchurch and another from Auckland, successfully received $27,000 in compensation from the Accident Compensation Commission (ACC) the previous month. However, the chances of a third claimant receiving similar compensation appeared slim, as their case was under review at the time. The implications of the ACC's decision are significant, potentially affecting non-haemophiliacs who acquire AIDS through blood transfusions. Templeton indicated that if the ACC does not grant full compensation in the third case, he would appeal the decision to higher authorities, including the appeal authority and, if necessary, the High Court. Previously, the commission had awarded compensation based on two earlier rulings, providing each victim with $10,000 for pain and suffering alongside $17,000 for permanent impairment. This marked a significant development as the ACC had previously been reluctant to acknowledge permanent impairment resulting from early-stage AIDS, a stance that was now being challenged. In the pending third case, the ACC was expected to rule on whether full compensation should be available based on the total disablement that occurs when AIDS affects the immune system. Templeton argued that there should be no distinction between individuals merely carrying AIDS antibodies and those exhibiting full-blown AIDS. He maintained that the moment the virus enters the immune system, it signifies a permanent impairment justifying compensation. Templeton highlighted the historical lack of recognition from the ACC concerning compensation for those in the early stages of AIDS, suggesting that this was an unfair approach. He believed that victims should receive compensation from the onset of their condition. It was estimated that 28 haemophiliacs in New Zealand had contracted AIDS antibodies due to contaminated blood products, underscoring the urgency of secure compensation for affected individuals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880614_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880614.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582206400
6808,15,06,1988,"Followers ‘told What To Say’ (Press, 15 June 1988)","In a trial taking place at the High Court in Wellington, the principal Crown witness, Mrs Roseanne Sich, provided testimony regarding the leader of a Greytown commune, Amrit Lal Narain, who is facing 17 charges related to assaults and cruelty against two women, a man, and two children, all associated with the commune. The alleged incidents occurred between late 1983 and mid-1985. During cross-examination by Narain’s counsel, Mr John Gibson, Q.C., Mrs Sich, aged 26, asserted that commune members were conditioned to echo whatever Narain instructed them to say, reinforcing his position as their spiritual leader. Narain, aged 53, denies all charges against him. Mrs Sich, who left the commune in June 1985, firmly rejected claims made by Mr Gibson that she was expelled from the group along with her husband and another member, Ms Nell Armitt. She maintained that there was no directive from Narain expelling her or anyone else, stating, “I recall no such thing being said to me.” When questioned about her husband corroborating this claim, she declared, “I would say my husband is not telling the truth, he is lying.” Further, Mrs Sich expressed her unwavering belief in Narain’s philosophy, describing him as a guru, and insisted that she was never angry with him. She also refuted other allegations regarding her personal relationships within the commune, including claims of a lesbian relationship with Ms Armitt and any sexual involvement with Mr Jimmy Timu, asserting that he was not the father of her daughter. The trial, which is being adjudicated without a jury by Mr Justice Jeffries, is ongoing, as the court continues to hear evidence regarding the allegations against Narain, with Mrs Sich's testimony forming a significant part of the Crown's case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880615_2_105_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880615.2.105.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582292800
7539,16,06,1988,"Band Aid ‘like Sending Get Well Card To... (Press, 16 June 1988)","Colonel Hugh Mac Kay, retiring director of the Save the Children Fund, highlighted a dire global crisis at the annual conference of the New Zealand branch in Wellington on 16 June 1988. He pointed out that the equivalent of a jumbo jet full of children dies every 18 minutes due to disease, starvation, and poverty, with about 40,000 children dying daily. Mac Kay described this situation as a ""silent and hidden emergency"" that receives little attention. He provided a stark example from south-west Uganda, where entire villages have been abandoned because of the AIDS epidemic. The fund is currently caring for approximately 3,000 orphans whose parents have succumbed to the disease and who are themselves now H.I.V. carriers. Tragically, many of these orphans are expected to perish within five years due to the combined effects of poverty and illness. Mac Kay critiqued the aid efforts, noting a kind of poverty in how aid programmes are designed and executed. He emphasised that while some believe that building infrastructure such as harbours and bridges is sufficient for aid, others think simply pouring money into a country will help those in need. He also stressed that environmental destruction, such as deforestation, exacerbates issues, creating deserts and degrading the lands where vulnerable populations live. Additionally, he pointed out the squalor in urban settings that deprives residents of hope and aspiration, highlighting the ongoing accumulation of slums as a significant concern. Mac Kay urged for a shift in how aid is approached, advocating for investment in long-term development rather than relying on short-term emergency solutions. He likened initiatives like Band Aid and USA for Africa to merely sending a ""get well card"" to starving populations, lacking the depth necessary to inspire real change. He called for a better training framework for leaders and professionals in developing countries, insisting that engineers should be educated not only in construction but also in the environmental impacts of their work. Similarly, medical professionals should focus on healthcare management as well as treatment. His remarks pointed towards the necessity of sustainable approaches to aid and development to create a lasting impact on the communities in need.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880616_2_168.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880616.2.168,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582379200
6359,16,06,1988,"Parishes In U.S. Support A.I.D.S. Victims (Press, 16 June 1988)","On 16 June 1988, the Rev. Miles O’Brien Riley, who serves as the director of Catholic communications in San Francisco, spoke about the severe impact of A.I.D.S. in a local Catholic parish during a visit to Wellington. In the past year alone, the parish, which serves around 800 families primarily in the homosexual community, experienced the death of two hundred individuals due to the disease. This statistic starkly contrasts with many other parishes in San Francisco, where typically there might be only about a dozen deaths from A.I.D.S. annually. Father O'Brien Riley indicated that a special service had been held to honour the lives lost, where white helium balloons were released, each representing one of the victims. Additionally, the San Francisco Catholic community has been engaged in a significant project, creating an expansive memorial made up of panels that collectively cover an area greater than ten football fields, with each panel commemorating an A.I.D.S. victim. In discussing the church's response to the A.I.D.S. crisis, Father O’Brien Riley emphasised a commitment to service, framing the epidemic as a human issue that demands compassion and support for those affected. He highlighted the establishment of resources such as a 40-bed hospice formed from a former mortuary, alongside various convents and Catholic hospitals providing shelters for individuals suffering from A.I.D.S. While he acknowledged that the Catholic Church does not endorse homosexual behaviour, Father O’Brien Riley made it clear that there is a deep love for homosexuals within the community. He reiterated the Catholic perspective that all individuals are sinners, suggesting a focus on being supportive and caring towards one another, rather than judging. Father O’Brien Riley's background includes a strong involvement in mass media since 1970, and he has made notable contributions in the form of five musical comedies, nine books, and numerous articles and reviews. His work in television production has been recognised with ten awards for outstanding achievements.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880616_2_170.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880616.2.170,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582379200
6360,17,06,1988,"Restoring Democracy Prod’s Aim (Press, 17 June 1988)","On 17 June 1988, Nigel Malthus reported on the emergence of a new group in New Zealand called People for the Restoration of Democracy (PROD). This group was formed to address growing concerns about governmental accountability and the erosion of democratic processes. According to its chairman, Pat Fouhy, PROD represents individuals from diverse backgrounds who recognise the detrimental social and economic effects of a government that ignores the people's voice. The group's primary objective is to promote democratic consultation and decision-making within the government. Launched just four weeks prior, PROD has already gained traction from North Auckland to Bluff. It has opened a new branch in Levin and planned to establish one in Christchurch. The group aims to organise a national half-day stoppage if the government continues to disregard public opinion. They also intend to gather signatures for a petition, confidently aiming to exceed the 800,000 signatures collected against homosexual law reform, highlighting the irony of that unsuccessful effort as indicative of broader democratic issues. Fouhy expressed concern over the lack of constitutional measures to remove a government that acts undemocratically. He noted a growing disillusionment with New Zealand's party political system. While acknowledging the Labour Government's current role in this situation, he indicated that a National Government would likely perpetuate similar issues. He pointed out that since 1980, a trend towards what he described as ""rule by executive decree"" has become increasingly apparent, particularly under the Labour Government. Fouhy suggested that alternative forms of governance, like the Swiss model, might be more effective in ensuring democratic accountability. In Switzerland, for instance, significant legislative changes require a binding referendum if 5 percent of the electorate petitions for one. He contended that legislation could be rescinded and politicians held accountable if they fail to meet their commitments. He implied that if such a system were in place in New Zealand, politicians like Roger Douglas would have been dismissed for their actions. In further reinforcing the group's stance, Fouhy highlighted the Local Government Amendment Bill as an example of undemocratic governance. This bill would strip citizens of their right to hold polls on local government restructuring, concentrate decision-making power in a Cabinet committee, and remove the Local Government Commission's authority, effectively undermining parliamentary oversight in local government matters. This emphasis on restoring democratic principles and accountability was central to PROD's mission and the concerns it sought to address within New Zealand's political landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880617_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880617.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582465600
6362,18,06,1988,"‘Goldfish In Shark Tank’ (Press, 18 June 1988)","Te Rangi Tuatahi Stirling, a 26-year-old factory worker, was sentenced to four months of periodic detention and ordered to pay $1,000 towards prosecution costs after being found guilty of wounding Richard Kerry Bentley, aged 20, with intent to injure. The incident occurred on November 6, 1987, when Stirling stabbed Bentley in the heart with a vegetable knife during an alcohol-fuelled argument in their flat, where they lived together in a domestic relationship. During the trial, it was revealed that Stirling had been subjected to repeated brutal assaults by Bentley, which the court described as sadistic and torturous. Despite this violence, the two had reconciled and Bentley did not wish to see Stirling imprisoned. Evidence indicated that after a night of heavy drinking involving rum, beer, wine, and whisky, an argument broke out, leading to the stabbing. Bentley suffered serious injuries, requiring extensive surgery and a transfusion of half his blood. Stirling's defence counsel, Mr Bob Murfitt, argued that sending Stirling to prison would be akin to placing a ""goldfish in a shark tank,"" and stressed that this was an exceptional case that did not warrant incarceration. The jury acknowledged the complexities of their relationship but did not deem Stirling’s actions as self-defence. Mr Murfitt contended that Stirling's actions were a spontaneous response resulting from a history of significant mistreatment and violence at the hands of Bentley. Mr Justice Williamson noted that while the stabbing could not be justified, it emerged from a context of ongoing domestic violence and that both men did not desire to be separated. He highlighted Stirling's remorse and pointed out that he acted quickly to seek medical help for Bentley, ultimately saving his life. The judge took into account Stirling's background as a first offender and his supportive family, concluding that the effects of imprisonment on Stirling would be exceptionally significant. The judge remarked on the nature of their relationship, suggesting that it might be likened to a form of de facto marriage, and observed that the issues between them were not solely related to their homosexuality. Thus, while acknowledging the violence and complexity of their relationship, he imposed a lighter sentence, reflecting a recognition of the circumstances surrounding the case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880618_2_83_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880618.2.83.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582552000
6361,18,06,1988,"A.I.D.S. Cases Rise To 82 (Press, 18 June 1988)","As of June 1, 1988, the number of New Zealanders diagnosed with A.I.D.S. has increased from 77 to 82 within the span of a month, with 36 of these individuals having died as a result of the disease. The total number of people who have tested positive for the A.I.D.S. virus has reached 347, although some may have been tested multiple times. According to the Health Department, a significant portion of those with full-blown A.I.D.S. symptoms resides in Auckland (52 cases), followed by Wellington with 11 cases, while six individuals are reported to be overseas. Among the 82 diagnosed, the majority (73) are identified as homosexual, with two individuals being both homosexual and intravenous drug users. Other cases include one haemophiliac, one transsexual, one heterosexual, with four cases remaining unidentified. A notable concentration of cases falls within the 30 to 39 age group. Globally, the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) has reported that as of June 1, 94,000 A.I.D.S. cases have been documented across 138 countries. However, this figure is believed to represent only a fraction of the actual cases, with estimates suggesting that over 150,000 cases may exist worldwide. The W.H.O. suggests that anywhere from five to ten million individuals might be infected with the A.I.D.S. virus. In terms of transmission, the W.H.O. indicates that only about five percent of reported cases have been acquired through heterosexual contact in the areas surveyed. The situation in Europe is stark, with 28 countries collectively reporting more than 12,000 A.I.D.S. cases. In Africa, 43 nations have reported over 11,000 cases, while 21 countries in Asia have collectively identified more than 200 cases. Notably, in the Oceanian region, which includes Australia and New Zealand, there have been a total of 900 reported cases. Despite ongoing research into the disease, W.H.O. experts have stated that a vaccine is unlikely to be available for at least another five years. This continuing rise in cases highlights the urgent need for increased awareness and preventive measures against A.I.D.S. in New Zealand and globally.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880618_2_41.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880618.2.41,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582552000
6363,21,06,1988,"Demonstrators Detained At Summit Protest (Press, 21 June 1988)","On 20 June 1988, approximately 100 demonstrators were arrested during a protest aimed at the ongoing economic summit in Toronto, Canada, where leaders from seven major industrial democracies were convening. The protesters, who gathered in a coalition known as the Popular Summit, numbered around 2,000 and intended to draw attention to their grievances against the political and economic policies of the Group of Seven (G-7) nations. They arrived carrying mock arrest warrants for the summit leaders, burned an American flag, and expressed their anger through speeches that condemned G-7 policies as ""crimes against humanity."" Despite being denied a parade permit, the demonstrators proceeded to march through the city. Their route ended at police barricades, strategically placed about 10 blocks from the Toronto Convention Centre, where the summit was taking place. Under the watch of police helicopters and a strong police presence, some protesters attempted to breach these barricades. Members of the Toronto Police Tactical Squad, along with mounted police, carried out arrests, and as demonstrators were taken away, they chanted, ""the whole world is watching."" The protest ultimately concluded without violence. Ken Hancock, one of the rally's organisers, addressed the crowd, alleging that G-7 leaders were responsible for global suffering and described their policies as oppressive. The protesters represented various causes, including those advocating for homosexual rights, disarmament, women's rights, and anti-poverty initiatives. The police response was part of heightened security measures in anticipation of the summit, which featured leaders from the United States, Britain, France, West Germany, Canada, Italy, and Japan. During the summit, the leaders focused on positive aspects of the global economy, although concerns about inflation and rising interest rates loomed. The chief spokesman for West Germany dismissed worries about possible interest rate hikes, while Japanese officials echoed a sense of calm around inflation-related policy changes. This summit marked the fourteenth annual economic gathering, and UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher likened the results of the current seven-year economic cycle to a success compared to previous years. In discussions, officials hailed optimistic growth forecasts, with the U.S. expected to raise its growth outlook for 1988. Japan reported significant economic growth, and Germany had made notable gains as well. However, despite a general attitude of self-congratulation among the leaders, progress on farm subsidy reform remained elusive. Discussions included proposals for debt relief for the poorest nations, which reaffirmed a collective commitment among the G-7 to address global economic disparities. Foreign Ministers were also working on a separate draft declaration related to East-West relations and other pressing international issues during the summit.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880621_2_52_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880621.2.52.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582811200
6809,22,06,1988,"Sex Education (Press, 22 June 1988)","In a letter published on 22 June 1988, V. R. Williams responds to Martin Smith's critique of the Women for Life leaflet titled ""Learning to Say No."" Williams clarifies that the leaflet does not promote high self-esteem as a solution to sexual desires but rather advocates for the positive choice of saying ""no"" as a means of achieving self-restraint, which can ultimately enhance self-esteem. The leaflet encourages teenagers to have control over their sexuality instead of suppressing it. Williams raises concerns about the distribution of this leaflet in secondary schools across New Zealand, questioning how many schools presented it alongside other sex education materials. There is an implication that the message of self-control may conflict with a more humanistic philosophy that emphasises what feels right. The letter also highlights that the Ministry of Women’s Affairs declined to fund the distribution of the leaflet, yet circulated a reading list focused on lesbian literature through its newsletter. Williams suggests that it would be beneficial for the ministry to include a list of Women for Life pamphlets in its communications, arguing that this aligns with the goal of empowering women to make informed choices, as stated by feminist writer Dale Spender. The letter articulates a call for broader distribution and acceptance of diverse perspectives within women's health and education dialogue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880622_2_79_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880622.2.79.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582897600
7144,23,06,1988,"Irish Gays Stage ‘kiss-in’ (Press, 23 June 1988)","On 22 June 1988, a group of twenty gay individuals gathered outside the Irish Parliament in Dublin for a mid-summer's day “kiss-in” to protest against Ireland's anti-homosexuality laws. The demonstrators carried banners with messages like “Should my lips be sealed with an illegal kiss?” highlighting their demand for the right to express public affection without fear of criminalisation. According to a spokesman for the National Gay Federation, Ireland remains the only country in Western Europe that still criminalises male homosexuality. The protest coincided with legal challenges being made against this legislation, particularly one led by Irish Senator David Norris, who is contesting the law in the European Court of Human Rights. The court is scheduled to deliver its ruling in October 1988. The demonstrators expressed their frustration and desire for equality by kissing each other in front of the parliament, asserting their right to publicly express their affection without being branded as criminals.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880623_2_69_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880623.2.69.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,582984000
6364,27,06,1988,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 27 June 1988)","In a letter to the editor dated 21 June 1988, Varian J. Wilson expressed concern over the rise in reported cases of AIDS in New Zealand, which had reached 82. He noted that only one of those diagnosed was identified as heterosexual, indicating a predominance of cases within the homosexual community. Wilson criticized the portrayal of AIDS as equally affecting heterosexuals and homosexuals, asserting that this undermines the reality of the disease's impact. He also linked the Labour government's homosexual law reform, particularly its unique age of consent, to what he perceived as a promotion of unhealthy attitudes and behaviours. Wilson highlighted his belief that the increase in sexual abuse cases, particularly concerning boys, is often connected to homosexual offenders. He suggested that many sexual crimes are committed by individuals with homosexual tendencies, which he claimed reflects a pattern of recidivism among such offenders. He expressed frustration that discussions around premarital sex and sexual health often neglect to address homosexual activity, which he viewed as the primary risk factor. Wilson concluded by advocating for a more straightforward acknowledgment of these issues to better inform public understanding and policy on sexual health.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880627_2_97_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880627.2.97.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,583329600
6365,29,06,1988,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 29 June 1988)","In a letter published on 29 June 1988, Anne E. Gainsford responds to a previous commentary by Varian J. Wilson regarding AIDS education and the perception of risk groups in relation to the illness. Gainsford highlights the proactive role of the homosexual community in initiating AIDS education and asserts that they have been more aware of ""at-risk"" activities than the broader society. She challenges the notion that there are specific ""at-risk"" groups, stating instead that it is the activities that carry risk, a perspective she believes is crucial for the protection of young people, especially given the high incidence of over 38,000 official AIDS cases in Sydney. Gainsford expresses concern over the implications of Wilson's views, particularly regarding the stigma against homosexuals related to child sexual abuse. She urges Wilson to reconsider the facts surrounding this issue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880629_2_97_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880629.2.97.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,583502400
6810,01,07,1988,"Telethon Ad (Press, 1 July 1988)","In a letter to the editor, M. Viney criticises the use of inflated statistics regarding child sexual abuse, suggesting that such exaggerations align with certain feminist agendas aimed at undermining men and the institution of marriage. Viney references Miriam Saphira, the author of ""The Sexual Abuse of Children"" and ""Amazon Mothers,"" the latter of which promotes lesbian motherhood and is endorsed by Max Abbott, the director of the Mental Health Foundation. Discussion arises around the accuracy of the statistics shared by the foundation during a Telethon advertisement, which claimed that one in four girls are sexually abused by the age of 18, with half being abused by their fathers. Hilary Haines, the foundation's deputy director, acknowledges that these figures were estimates derived from American studies, indicating a lack of concrete data specific to the local context. The letter highlights concerns about the potential impact of such estimates on public perception and the motivations behind their dissemination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880701_2_79_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880701.2.79.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,583675200
7145,05,07,1988,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 5 July 1988)","In a letter published in The Press on 29 June 1988, Varian J. Wilson expressed his views on the AIDS epidemic and the social implications of its spread. He argued that while complete segregation based on skin colour or race might have contained the spread of AIDS, such measures would infringe upon basic human rights. Wilson expressed doubt about the feasibility of a vaccine for the disease and called for social approaches to be grounded in truth. He referenced a recent Stockholm conference where researchers indicated that heterosexual cases of AIDS could rise to approximately 10 per cent in six years, suggesting current rates are around 2.25 per cent. Wilson noted that if the majority of cases (possibly as high as 95 per cent) are attributed to homosexuals, this places them predominantly at risk. He critiqued what he termed the “mischievous” claims of equal risk for heterosexuals, implying that such statements could harm public health initiatives and the community as a whole. Wilson's commentary highlighted a tension between community health concerns and the societal discourse surrounding AIDS, emphasising that the health services could be adversely affected by hostility and misinformation regarding the transmission of the virus. Overall, his letter reflects the complexities of the AIDS crisis during that period and the debates over risk, responsibility, and the implications for different social groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880705_2_92_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880705.2.92.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584020800
7047,05,07,1988,"Island ‘sex Change’ Complete (Press, 5 July 1988)","The Geographic Board of New Zealand has corrected a cartographic error that persisted for 139 years, relating to the naming of two groups of small islands off the southern coast of Stewart Island. In a straightforward adjustment, the islands previously designated as the Sisters to the east are now officially recognized as the Brothers, while those to the west, formerly known as the Brothers, will now be termed the Sisters. This mix-up can be traced back to 1849 when the crew of the Royal Navy's survey ship Acheron made a naming mistake. Despite the confusion, locals on Stewart Island were never in doubt about the actual names of these islands, as the correct terminology has been passed down since the islands were first charted, likely by whalers and sealers in the early 1800s. Allan Atkins, the assistant hydrographer at the Hydrographic Office in Takapuna, noted that the original chart from the Acheron referred to the newly designated Brothers islands as the Seal Islets. The mix-up was only officially rectified after a gazette notice was published by the Geographic Board last month. According to local fisherman Micky Squires from Halfmoon Bay, the local understanding has always been clear: ""The Brothers (Sisters) are the Brothers and the Sisters (Brothers) are the Sisters."" The confusion surrounding the names appeared to mostly affect outsiders, particularly Auckland yachtsmen unfamiliar with the local geography. They have been known to inquire about what to expect when navigating the waters around Stewart Island. However, the region does come with its own set of navigational challenges, including discrepancies in the naming of landmarks. For instance, charts display a feature named Black Rock off the south-eastern coastline and Black Rocks on the north-western shore. Additionally, Squires highlighted a geographical curiosity concerning the islands' main harbour, Halfmoon Bay, which is nearly in the shape of a horseshoe, contrasting with nearby Horseshoe Bay, which resembles a half-moon. This reflects the local flavour of Stewart Island's geography, steeped in a rich history that extends well beyond the newly amended charts.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880705_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880705.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584020800
7146,07,07,1988,"Gays Confront Queen (Press, 7 July 1988)","During a Royal visit to the Netherlands, Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip met with both supporters and protesters. Their visit on 7 July 1988 was intended to commemorate 300 years of British-Dutch friendship, which dates back to when Prince William of Orange became King of England. The couple's itinerary included stops in bustling Amsterdam and at a historic royal palace near Apeldoorn. At various locations, the Royal couple received warm greetings from small crowds, including individuals who brought their corgi dogs in tribute. However, a large group of angry homosexuals also assembled to protest against a new British law that prohibits local authorities from promoting homosexuality. Demonstrators in Amsterdam’s Dam Square displayed a banner that read, ""Lillibet (the queen’s nickname), save our queens"" and made noise with pots, pans, and whistles, attempting to disrupt the band that was welcoming the Royals. Despite the protest and the inclement weather, Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip proceeded through the square where a British-style garden featuring flowerbeds in the colours of both the Dutch and British flags had been constructed overnight in their honour. The couple was later joined by Queen Beatrix and Prince Claus for a visit to an exhibition titled “The World of William and Mary” at the Nieuwe Kerk, and they interacted with members of the British community, which numbers around 50,000 in the Netherlands. The Queen and Prince Philip were scheduled to return to the UK after visiting the Oosterbeek war cemetery, where they would pay their respects to 1,626 soldiers who lost their lives attempting to capture a bridge over the Rhine in Arnhem during the Second World War in 1944.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880707_2_62_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880707.2.62.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584193600
6367,08,07,1988,"Determined Senna Not Chasiimg Popularity (Press, 8 July 1988)","Ayrton Senna, the Brazilian Formula One driver, is on a relentless quest to become his country's third world champion. At 28, he has shown an unwavering commitment to his racing career, even sacrificing his marriage to focus entirely on his goal. Senna believes that success in sports requires a complete dedication, which his personal life could not accommodate. Senna made his Grand Prix debut in Brazil in 1984 with the Toleman team. His breakthrough moment came during his sixth race at the rain-drenched Monaco circuit, where he felt he was unjustly deprived of victory. This experience strengthened his determination. Despite being under contract with Toleman, he signed with the John Player Lotus team for the 1985 season, leading to legal disputes. However, these did not impede his success; he won the Portuguese Grand Prix at Estoril in only his second race with Lotus, showcasing his exceptional skill in wet conditions. His performance continued to impress as he clinched victory at the Belgian Grand Prix at Spa-Francorchamps. Lotus designer Gerard Ducarouge praised Senna for his dedication, while team manager Peter Warr likened his talents to those of the legendary Jim Clark. However, some of his fellow drivers held a lower opinion of him, citing his aggressive and erratic driving style, perceived as a remnant of his earlier racing experiences. Senna's tactics became a point of contention when he pressured Lotus to choose a less skilled teammate, resulting in the dismissal of Britain's Derek Warwick in favour of newcomer Johnny Dumfries. This decision damaged Senna’s reputation and public support, leading some to believe he would never fully recover from the backlash. The rivalry also escalated when reigning world champion Nelson Piquet publicly implied Senna's homosexuality in a magazine interview, which Piquet later apologised for due to legal pressures. Despite these controversies, Senna remains a polarising figure in the world of racing, known for his determination and talent. As the season progresses, Senna has achieved nine Grand Prix victories, with several more races remaining, presenting a realistic opportunity for him to enhance that tally significantly. Many observers are keen to see if Senna can join the ranks of fellow Brazilian champions Piquet and Emerson Fittipaldi, as he attempts to make history in the 1988 season.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880708_2_133_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880708.2.133.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584280000
6366,08,07,1988,"Focus On A.I.D.S. Effects (Press, 8 July 1988)","The video release ""As Is"" presents a poignant representation of the impact of A.I.D.S. on the gay community, based on an acclaimed Broadway play. Released on 8 July 1988, the 85-minute film is not intended as an educational tool for safe sex practices, nor does it impose judgement; rather, it immerses viewers in a serious dramatic narrative. The story focuses on a young gay man from New York, portrayed by Robert Carradine, who takes on a markedly different role from his previous work in ""Revenge of the Nerds."" As the plot unfolds, Carradine’s character returns to his former lover, played by Jonathan Hadary, who reprises his Broadway role. Their reunion serves as a means for both characters to confront the harsh realities of A.I.D.S. in the face of personal loss, showcasing a deeply emotional journey as they grapple with the implications of the disease, which has claimed 36 lives in New Zealand and affected an estimated 150,000 individuals globally. Colleen Dewhurst features as a hospice worker, functioning as the narrator who seamlessly connects the various scenes, ensuring a faithful representation of the original stage production. The narrative delves into the emotional challenges faced by those impacted by A.I.D.S., prioritising dramatic storytelling over didacticism.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880708_2_125_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880708.2.125.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584280000
7048,11,07,1988,"‘Cheers’ Farewells Diane (Press, 11 July 1988)","On 11 July 1988, Shelley Long makes her final appearance on the popular television series ""Cheers"", where she portrayed Diane, a pretentious barmaid, for five years. The climactic episode reveals that Sam and Diane are approaching marriage, yet their relationship appears to be deteriorating. Long's departure from the show was motivated by her desire to focus on a full-time film career and to start a family. When she announced her decision to leave the series the previous year, the show's producers faced significant anxiety about the future of ""Cheers"" without its leading female star. They understood that they needed to create a new character with equal appeal to keep the show's momentum. The regular cast members reacted differently to the news. Ted Danson, who plays Sam, acknowledged that while Long's choice was significant, it ultimately would benefit the show by adding a new dynamic. He compared the change to the past adjustment following the death of Nick Colasanto, who played Coach, suggesting that the show was resilient enough to adapt. George Wendt, who portrays Norm, expressed his confidence that ""Cheers"" would continue to perform well in ratings, having consistently ranked in the top 10 in America. He jokingly referred to a far-fetched storyline involving Cliff, a fellow character, suggesting he would undergo a sex change and transition to a waitress role, although this was not taken seriously by producers. To fill the void left by Long's departure, the production team decided to introduce Kirstie Alley as the new female lead. The change promises to reveal new developments within the storyline in the following week's episodes, indicating a shift in the show's dynamics as it moves forward after Long's exit.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880711_2_110_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880711.2.110.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584539200
6980,11,07,1988,"Lifted Cheque Used In Style (Press, 11 July 1988)","On 11 July 1988, Auckland police reported an unusual incident involving a transvestite who had hired a Rolls-Royce and its driver. The suspect had paid for the vehicle with a stolen cheque and, along with two companions, picked up bricks in it. Their activities aroused the driver's suspicions. The man, who was dressed as a woman, instructed the chauffeur to collect two friends from Pt Chevalier before they were apprehended by police at the Kiwis-Kumuls rugby league test match at Carlaw Park. According to a police spokesman, the trio had convinced the driver that they required bricks from a demolition site to construct a barbecue for a tangi, a Māori funeral ceremony, of a relative who had recently passed away. After gathering the bricks, they then requested to be taken to the league match in Parnell. The driver later asked for part payment while he waited for the game to conclude. When the transvestite presented the cheque, the driver used a car radio-telephone to verify its authenticity. As a result of this incident, a 40-year-old man was scheduled to appear in the District Court at Auckland, facing charges for presenting a stolen cheque. Thankfully, the Rolls-Royce, which belonged to Hotel Transportation Services, remained undamaged during the incident. Meanwhile, police were working to locate the owner of the bricks that had been placed in the boot of the car.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880711_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880711.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584539200
7540,13,07,1988,"Virus Sufferer Jailed For Sex With Girl, 15 (Press, 13 July 1988)","On 13 July 1988, Raymond Anthony Ryder, a 21-year-old man suffering from the HIV virus, was sentenced to nine months’ imprisonment by Mr Justice Tipping in the High Court for unlawful sexual intercourse with a 15-year-old girl. This sentence is to be served concurrently with an existing one-year sentence for other offences. The court clarified that Ryder was not yet an AIDS patient but had the potential to develop the disease, underlining the serious medical implications of his condition. The case arose after the girl, who had gone missing from Ashburton, was located in Timaru. During their association, Ryder admitted to having sexual intercourse with her multiple times, fully aware of her age. As the High Court proceedings were instigated due to the nature of the offence and community protection concerns, Mr Justice Tipping pointed out the unusual feature of the case, which led to the District Court Judge referring it to a higher court for sentencing beyond his three-year limit. Ryder had a significant criminal record, including previous charges of driving while disqualified, and a report indicated that he had demonstrated irresponsible behaviour regarding his health and sexual relationships. Medical assessments showed his mental age was significantly lower than his actual age, which had implications for his understanding of the situation’s seriousness. Justice Tipping highlighted that while the law serves to protect individuals under 16 years, the circumstances of the case, particularly regarding the complainant's willingness, demonstrated complexities in the situational dynamics. Furthermore, the legal position stated that if the girl had been just a few months older, Ryder’s actions would not have constituted an offence, which presented a paradox in the legal assessment. As the trial unfolded, the court endeavoured to separate emotional reactions from the decision-making process regarding sentencing, noting that Ryder was not accused of any violent crimes or directly infecting another person with HIV. Thus, while the prosecution sought to address risks posed by Ryder’s conduct, his defence counsel asserted that the influence of media scrutiny had exaggerated the public concern around the case and misrepresented Ryder’s health status. Ultimately, Ryder was sentenced to a concurrent term for his unlawful sexual conduct, with Mr Justice Tipping emphasising the importance of fair application of the law and the need for mental health support during his incarceration and subsequent release. The judge also declined to suppress Ryder’s name, determining that public interest outweighed the arguments for anonymity. The case raised significant legal questions about age of consent, responsibility in the context of sexually transmitted infections, and the balance between community protection and fair sentencing in unusual cases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880713_2_136_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880713.2.136.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584712000
6811,15,07,1988,"Hogan-kozlowski Rift? (Press, 15 July 1988)","On 15 July 1988, British newspaper columnist Jean Rook drew attention for her sharp criticisms of Australian actor Paul Hogan and his 'Crocodile Dundee' co-star, Linda Kozlowski, after the pair publicly declared their love. Rook has been vocal about her speculation regarding a rumored rift between Hogan and Kozlowski. Recently, Kozlowski travelled to Los Angeles and was reported to be uncertain about Hogan's plans to join her, prompting further conjecture about their relationship. The situation escalated as Hogan allegedly expressed anger over intimate scenes featuring Kozlowski in a television mini-series, contributing to the tension surrounding the couple.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880715_2_106_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880715.2.106.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584884800
6981,16,07,1988,"Dark Deeds Round Glory Day (Press, 16 July 1988)","In her 1988 novel ""Glory Days,"" Rosie Scott delves into the gritty underbelly of Auckland, weaving a narrative rich with street language and emotional depth. The protagonist, Glory Day, is portrayed as a formidable woman both in stature and spirit, shaped by a turbulent past marked by neglect, violence, and addiction. Living in a rundown house with her 10-year-old daughter and a young man named Al, Glory channels her struggles into her art, creating powerful and often brutal paintings that reflect her life experiences. Her upcoming exhibition features a series entitled “Senseless Violets,” focusing on themes of violent death. To support herself, she performs blues music at Mainstreet, a nightclub with ties to her past. Despite her efforts to maintain a semblance of normalcy, Glory becomes entangled in the chaos of her environment when she offers help to a young girl suffering from a heroin overdose. This act of kindness leads her into dangerous territory, alongside Grace, a flamboyant transvestite prostitute. Together, they navigate a world rife with crime and intrigue, encountering a cast of characters that deeply shape Glory's journey. Scott’s narrative is teeming with vivid characters, including Glory’s reluctant agent, Nigel, who views her and her associates as unsavoury yet recognises her artistic significance. The model Roxy, a beautiful but troubled figure, adds further complexity to Glory’s life, alongside other individuals from the darker sides of society, including unsavoury policemen and members of a local gang led by Moe. Interestingly, these gang members are depicted as unexpectedly compassionate, providing support for Glory during her artistic struggles and attending her show in full gang attire, symbolising loyalty and solidarity amid a backdrop of tension. The novel balances humour and bleakness as it showcases Glory’s unapologetic nature and the candid interactions among her eclectic group. Scott’s work invites readers to explore the intersections of art and life in a harsh urban setting, presenting a nuanced portrayal of personal resilience in the face of societal decay. Ultimately, ""Glory Days"" offers a vivid exploration of how art can emerge from a life fraught with adversity, while also highlighting the unexpected connections that can arise in a community often judged solely on its surface.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880716_2_100_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880716.2.100.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584971200
7404,16,07,1988,"H.i.v. ‘should Be Notifiable’ (Press, 16 July 1988)","On 16 July 1988, a committee from the Canterbury Hospital Board proposed that positive H.I.V. (human immunodeficiency virus) tests should be classified as notifiable to enhance the protection of medical personnel from contracting A.I.D.S. (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) from their patients. Currently, while full-blown A.I.D.S. must be reported to the Health Department, positive H.I.V. test results are not mandated for notification. The committee raised concerns about the potential risks faced by surgeons and other healthcare providers who may be treating patients unaware of their H.I.V. status. Medical superintendent-in-chief Dr Ross Fairgray highlighted the anxiety surrounding the possibility of contracting A.I.D.S. while treating H.I.V. positive individuals, citing reports from overseas where a few surgeons have reportedly died after contracting the virus during surgery. Dr Fairgray explained that hospital protocols do not allow for automatic testing of patients upon admittance, as blood samples can only be taken with patient consent. This limitation complicates the ability of healthcare professionals to ascertain a patient's status prior to treatment. Professor John Gibson, chairman of the medical staff, stressed the seriousness of the issue, particularly in surgical and emergency medicine, indicating that the lack of knowledge about a patient’s H.I.V. status exposes staff to potential cross-infection. He warned that if this uncertainty continues, it may lead to surgeons refusing to operate unless patients disclose their H.I.V. status. Mr David Close, a board member, expressed concern for the welfare of medical staff, pointing out that while efforts are made to safeguard the rights of individuals with A.I.D.S., it is equally important to protect the rights and safety of healthcare providers. Dr John Holmes, the medical superintendent of community health services, noted that the anonymity of H.I.V. testing is intended to encourage individuals to undergo testing. However, this anonymity complicates the data, meaning that the figure of 380 recorded H.I.V. positive individuals may include some who were tested multiple times. In conclusion, the committee recommended that the Canterbury Hospital Board submit a proposal to the Health Department advocating for the introduction of mandatory reporting of all positive H.I.V. tests, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to safeguarding both patients and healthcare workers in the context of the A.I.D.S. epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880716_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880716.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584971200
6368,16,07,1988,"Youth Jailed For Sadistic Bullying (Press, 16 July 1988)","On 16 July 1988, a youth named Doc Maru Cooper was sentenced to four years and two months in prison by Mr Justice Williamson at the High Court for a series of brutal and sexual offences. Cooper was convicted by a jury on multiple charges that included six charges of sexual violation involving two men, one charge of sexual violation involving himself and another man, and one charge of indecent assault on a male. During the trial, disturbing evidence was presented that highlighted the extreme measures Cooper took to humiliate his victims, including forcing two men to engage in sexual acts with each other and inflicting physical harm by pushing matches into the head of one victim’s penis and setting them alight. The offences took place at a night shelter for men operated by the Anglican City Mission in Hereford Street. Cooper was portrayed as the mastermind behind a ""homosexual orgy of sordid indecencies."" Mr Justice Williamson indicated that the maximum sentence for the sexual violation charges could be up to 14 years, while the indecent assault charge carried a potential five-year sentence. The judge noted that the victims were vulnerable, being described as mentally slow and timid, which amplified the seriousness of Cooper's actions. Cooper, who had been unemployed since November of the previous year, had a troubling childhood characterized by violence from an alcoholic father. He had spent time in health camps and faced disciplinary issues since the age of 12, leading to placements in a training centre and a boys’ home. His previous legal troubles were mainly for theft, although he was awaiting sentencing for another charge at the time of the trial. In a related incident in March, Cooper sustained a depressed skull fracture requiring hospitalisation for 12 days, but a psychiatrist confirmed he did not have any mental impairment resulting from the injury. Mr Justice Williamson acknowledged that while the offences occurred over a brief period, they necessitated a substantial sentence due to their severity; however, he considered Cooper's age, his time in custody since April, and his previous record when determining the final sentence. The defence, represented by Mr Erno Bedo, expressed the gravity of Cooper's actions while also highlighting the brief duration of the offences. He pointed out the significant emotional distress inflicted on the victims, which was elaborated on in the victim impact report. The judge was reminded of the mandatory nature of imprisonment for sexual violation charges, barring extraordinary circumstances, and the fact that Cooper had no prior sexual offences on his record. Bedo commented on Cooper's youth, stressing that he was just 17 years old and now facing imprisonment due to a period of aberrant conduct, casting a shadow over his transition into adult life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880716_2_45_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880716.2.45.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,584971200
6812,23,07,1988,"Off-key, Sudsy Smile (Press, 23 July 1988)","In her review of Robin Morgan's novel ""Dry Your Smile,"" published by The Woman's Press in 1987, Sharon Hunter expresses a critical perspective on the author’s work, which she admits has not resonated with her in the past. The novel follows the life of Julian Travis, who, as a precocious child of four, is already a television star, heavily influenced by her obsessive mother. As an 18-year-old, Julian attempts to break free from her mother's control through a marriage that she believes is enlightened. However, the story depicts her journey as she navigates the challenges of this relationship, ultimately leading to its dissolution after 20 years. At the age of 25, supported by her partner, Julian embraces feminist ideals, only to later rediscover her identity and sexuality as a lesbian after her marriage ends. This transition includes a renewed connection with her dying mother, adding layers to her character development. Hunter critiques the novel for its unconventional narrative style, likening it to a glossy, dramatic portrayal reminiscent of ""Valley of the Dolls."" She finds the protagonist’s tendency to engage in self-dialogue overly burdensome and feels that the dialogue during a crucial scene of Julian’s birth is unrealistic and drawn out. The middle section of the book explores Julian's tumultuous relationship with her sculptor husband, Lawrence, highlighting his artistic struggles and reflections on his work. Hunter indicates that the latter part of the novel departs into a more cliché-ridden territory, encapsulating themes of self-discovery and identity that may appeal to certain readers but did not connect with her personally. Overall, she describes ""Dry Your Smile"" as containing sentimental and dated feminist themes which may be received positively by devoted followers of Morgan’s work but, in her view, falls short of its potential, leaving her feeling that it is out of sync with contemporary sensibilities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880723_2_97_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880723.2.97.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,585576000
7541,25,07,1988,"Leper A Misused Word—trust Board (Press, 25 July 1988)","The Christchurch-based Leprosy Trust Board has raised concerns about the misuse of the term ""leper,"" pointing out that it undermines efforts to combat leprosy in the South Pacific. Derek Douglas, the board's secretary, highlighted that the term has often been used inaccurately to describe individuals who are outcasts. Recent instances of this misuse include comments from the AIDs Foundation and a member of Parliament, who respectively suggested that a prisoner with HIV was being treated ""like a leper"" and referred to another individual as a ""political leper."" Douglas argued that if individuals wish to convey the idea of being an outcast, they should use that term directly or consult a thesaurus for alternative options. He emphasised that these mischaracterisations contribute to a harmful perception of those affected by leprosy. The Leprosy Trust Board advocates for a more compassionate understanding of leprosy, stating that ""leper"" should not be equated with being untouchable or ostracised. According to Douglas, the board believes that individuals suffering from leprosy require support rather than social rejection. Furthermore, Douglas noted that even the Oxford English Dictionary perpetuates this misunderstanding by defining a leper as both a ""person suffering from leprosy"" and ""a person shunned on moral grounds."" The Leprosy Trust Board is calling for a shift in societal attitudes to foster a more informed and supportive approach towards those affected by the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880725_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880725.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,585748800
6982,26,07,1988,"Assault Pair Sought (Press, 26 July 1988)","On 26 July 1988, police are searching for a tall Māori man connected to an assault that occurred in a shop in Cathedral Square on the evening of 22 July. The incident took place around 8:25 p.m. when two girls were confronted by two transvestites in the store. The suspects are both Māori, with one being approximately 193 cm (6 feet 4 inches) tall, who was dressed in black high-heeled shoes, fishnet stockings, and a white dress. The second suspect is about 173 cm (5 feet 8 inches) tall and was reported to be wearing a long dark overcoat and high heels, with brown wavy hair that appeared to be dyed. Authorities noted that the shorter man bears a similar description to a transvestite involved in a previous incident near Cashel Mall on 14 July. In that earlier occurrence, a man walking through the mall was approached by a transvestite who offered sexual services. The transvestite led him to an alley, where he persuaded the man to remove his trousers, subsequently stealing the man's wallet that fell from his clothing before fleeing the scene. Police are urging anyone with information regarding these incidents to come forward.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880726_2_38.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880726.2.38,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,585835200
6369,29,07,1988,"Twelfth Chch Festival Offers Film Feast (Press, 29 July 1988)","The 1988 Christchurch International Film Festival, commencing on 29 July, is set to showcase an impressive selection of 37 films from 14 countries, including several that have garnered international acclaim but will be screened in New Zealand for the first time. This twelfth edition of the festival, held at the Regent Theatre, features notable entries from China, where film restrictions have lightened. Among these is ""King Of The Children,"" presented at the Cannes Film Festival, alongside the politically charged black comedy ""The Black Cannon Incident."" The festival's offerings include a diverse range of genres and styles. Highlights include Philip Kaufman's adaptation of Milan Kundera's “The Unbearable Lightness of Being,” which explores themes of love and desire amidst the backdrop of the Russian invasion of Czechoslovakia. Another anticipated film is Wim Wenders’s “Wings of Desire,” an imaginative tale about angels in contemporary society. Additionally, Claude Berri’s two-part drama “Jean de Florette” and “Manon des Sources” vividly depicts provincial life in France. The programming for the first week encompasses various films, appealing to different tastes. Spike Lee’s “She’s Got To Have It” premieres on the opening day, presenting a smart critique of societal stereotypes through the story of a woman navigating her relationships with three men. Tomorrow, the festival introduces “Bad Taste,” an over-the-top splatter film directed by New Zealand's Peter Jackson. Meanwhile, “Cannibal Tours” is a documentary highlighting the contrast between wealthy tourists and the indigenous culture in New Guinea. Other notable films include the award-winning “Babette's Feast,” a delicate exploration of art and food, and “The Time To Live and The Time To Die,” a poignant coming-of-age story from Chinese director Hou Hsiao-hsien. The festival also features “Angel Dust,” a thriller combining murder and supernatural elements, and “The Law Of Desire,” a tragicomedy from Spanish filmmaker Pedro Almodovar that delves into complex love dynamics. As the festival progresses, audiences can look forward to “Repentance,” a critical look at Stalinism from the Soviet perspective, alongside ""Half Of Heaven,"" which underlines women's resilience within a restrictive culture. The week also features “The Belly Of An Architect,” starring Brian Dennehy as an architect facing personal turmoil in Rome, and concludes with the highly anticipated screening of “The Unbearable Lightness Of Being."" The festival promises not just mainstream hits, but also a wealth of independent and international cinema, contributing to a rich cultural exchange for local audiences. With tickets now available for the screenings, attendees are encouraged to explore the full programme, available through local cinemas and libraries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880729_2_112_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880729.2.112.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,586094400
6370,30,07,1988,"An Elected Thai P.m. (Press, 30 July 1988)","General Prem's recent decision not to seek another term as Prime Minister of Thailand marks a significant shift in the country's political landscape, particularly with the nomination of Mr Chatichai Choonhavan as a potential successor to form the next government. If Mr Chatichai, an elected member of Parliament, secures the Prime Ministership, he would be the first representative elected post the military coup of 1976 to hold the office. This would signify a move away from military dominance in Thai politics, which has characterised the political climate for many years, especially since General Prem took office in 1980. Although General Prem was not an elected politician, his military credentials made him a stabilising figure for the military, a key force in Thai governance. The context of General Prem's resignation is also notable; he had dissolved Parliament in April 1988 amid allegations of being homosexual, which prompted speculation regarding his future and possible successors. General Chaovalit Yongchaiyut, the Army commander, was thought to be a likely candidate, yet General Prem's continued presence in leadership defied expectations until his abrupt announcement not to run last Sunday. The relationship between the military and civilian government in Thailand remains tense, with the military viewing politicians as often impotent and squabbling. General Prem himself has navigated this turbulent terrain, surviving two coup attempts during his tenure. It is widely understood that any future Prime Minister must tread carefully to prevent military intervention. Mr Chatichai faces the challenge of maintaining civilian leadership in a landscape where the military's influence is substantial and enduring. The looming retirement of General Chaovalit in September raises questions about the military's future involvement in politics. Speculation suggests he may enter the political arena, which adds another layer of complexity to Mr Chatichai's potential premiership. The presiding sentiment among military members, as expressed by a candidate during the election campaign, reflects a deep-seated belief that military oversight of government is inevitable. Mr Chatichai will have to work to prevent any military attempts to usurp power that could undermine his authority as Prime Minister, reflecting a continuing struggle between military and civilian rule in Thailand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880730_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880730.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,586180800
6983,04,08,1988,"Fines Of $l500 For Assault (Press, 4 August 1988)","On 4 August 1988, Judge Fraser imposed fines totalling $1,500 on 21-year-old Martin Peter Wilson, who faced sentencing in the District Court after being convicted of two charges of assault. Of the total fine, $1,000 was designated for the complainant, Murray Jackson, who sustained a broken cheekbone requiring surgery. The remaining $500 was to be paid to 15-year-old Ronald Bruce Gubb, who was assaulted on 24 June when Wilson, in response to perceived abusive remarks aimed at him, physically attacked Gubb, resulting in severe injuries including bruising and a bleeding kidney. The second assault occurred on 26 June, after a party, when a dispute over beer led Wilson to punch Jackson, breaking his cheekbone in three places. Wilson's lawyer, Mr N. J. Dunlop, described the behaviour as out of character and explained that Wilson had little recollection of the incidents due to intoxication. The judge ordered Wilson to make payments at a minimum of $100 per week. In another case, transvestite Shane Ian Barwell, aged 23, was denied bail on charges of offering his body for prostitution on Cashel Street and was remanded in custody until 10 August. The police opposed bail, stating Barwell was allegedly offending while on bail. His duty solicitor mentioned Barwell's mother's recent death and his desire to attend her funeral, but the judge later found out that no funeral service was held. Barwell also faced charges for possessing cannabis and breaching bail conditions but did not plead to these. Diane Irene Palermo, 25, received a 12-month deferred sentence for forging a Social Welfare Department cheque to buy baby clothes. She altered a legitimate cheque from $150 to $250 in a failed attempt to persuade a shopkeeper to accept it. Her lawyer argued that the act was motivated by her need to provide for her newborn baby and sought a deferred sentence instead of community service or detention, given her circumstances. Robin Barry Burrows, 24, was remanded to 10 August on theft charges amounting to $6,736 from his employer, Smiths City Market. The thefts involved taking a cash bag worth $5,700 on 22 July and stealing an additional $1,036 over several dates between August 1987 and July 1988. A man charged with assaulting his son received name suppression. The incident occurred on 23 July after the father discovered his son had not returned home from school. Following an argument, the father punched the boy but was discharged without conviction, ordered only to pay $150 towards prosecution costs. Lastly, Barry Norman Surton-Rangi, aged 50, faced charges of wounding two women recklessly on 18 July. A psychiatric report was requested for his case, and he was remanded on bail to 10 August for the setting of a depositions date.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880804_2_140_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880804.2.140.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,586612800
7542,09,08,1988,"Phantom A.i.d.s. Fear Hits Britain (Press, 9 August 1988)","A report published in the “Journal of the Royal College of Physicians” in London addresses the troubling phenomenon where individuals who believe they have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are experiencing phantom symptoms that significantly impact their mental and physical well-being. This issue appears to be rising among psychologically vulnerable individuals who are leveraging the AIDS pandemic as an avenue to express their underlying sexual, psychological, or psychiatric vulnerabilities. The report highlights specific cases demonstrating this trend. One particular case involves a woman who had sexual relations with two men and, fearing she had transmitted the virus to one, began to exhibit symptoms akin to those of AIDS, including swollen glands and night sweats, despite her blood tests returning negative. Another case describes a professional man who, after receiving three negative blood test results, fixated on the fear of having contracted the HIV virus during a casual encounter. His anxiety over potentially infecting his girlfriend led to a postponement of their plans to start a family. Alarmingly, the report indicates that over half of the patients with such symptoms had considered suicide to escape the distress they associate with the impending diagnosis of AIDS. The report also presents a glimmer of hope through therapeutic intervention, noting that psychotherapy designed to help patients reframe their symptoms as linked to anxiety rather than HIV has resulted in significant improvements in their conditions. In a related matter, the British Medical Association (BMA) has raised concerns regarding the practice of conducting AIDS-related tests by doctors for insurance companies without the patient's informed consent. They are urging the Association of British Insurers to retract its recent guidance on HIV testing, following complaints from medical professionals who feel pressured to conduct these tests without proper patient approval. The BMA is worried that this could lead to patients discovering their condition only through an insurance notification, underscoring the ethical implications surrounding consent and patient confidentiality in the context of HIV testing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880809_2_163_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880809.2.163.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587044800
6813,12,08,1988,"Wasps, Wimps And A Tradition That Lost Confidence... (Press, 12 August 1988)","The article discusses the decline of the White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (Wasp) community in the United States, illustrating its diminishing confidence and relevance in contemporary society. The author recounts a dinner conversation where a guest from Westchester County mentions a trip to Anguilla, noting that everyone in her group had a copy of Tom Wolfe's novel ""The Bonfire of the Vanities."" The story, which revolves around a wealthy New Yorker involved in a hit-and-run accident, highlights the characterisation of different ethnic and social groups in New York, depicting a Wasp's downfall amidst a changing social landscape. The author argues that the Wasp community, once the dominant social force in America, has become marginalised, feeling alienated from the mainstream of American life. This decline, attributed partly to the aftermath of the Vietnam War, has resulted in a perception that Wasps are now the only group against which discrimination is socially acceptable. This shift has impacted figures like George Bush, who embodies the Wasp identity but is also perceived as weak—a ""wimp."" Such characterisations align with a broader sentiment that associates the old Protestant tradition with feelings of elitism and immaturity. Historical context is provided, with references to prominent Wasps like George Washington, contrasting their strength with the current perception of the Wasp identity as outdated and ineffective. The article suggests that the decline of the Wasp community mirrors the fall of European aristocracy, putting Bush at a disadvantage since he represents a diminishing social group rather than a rising one. The author posits that political power in the United States now leans towards groups with a sense of confidence, contrasting Bush's background with that of his opponent, Michael Dukakis, who represents the American suburbs and academic tradition. Additionally, the author touches upon the religious aspect, noting that many Wasps have lost their Protestant roots, leading to a crisis of authority within institutions like the Episcopalian Church. The depiction in Wolfe’s novel portrays this church as liberal and out of touch, fuelling discontent among those desiring a return to traditional values. Bush's tendency to apologise for his actions and identity further alienates him from potential voters, contributing to negative perceptions denoted by poll results. The article ultimately bemoans the loss of the values and traditions that shaped American leadership from its early history, suggesting that as the Wasp community wanes, the country loses a crucial part of its heritage that produced many of its founders and significant leaders. The author concludes by highlighting Lord Rees-Mogg's viewpoint that despite the fading influence of Wasps, the traditions that shaped the nation should be valued and preserved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880812_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880812.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587304000
6371,15,08,1988,"British Religions Groups Call For Boycott Of... (Press, 15 August 1988)","On 15 August 1988, various British religious groups, including the Catholic Bishops of England and Wales and the Salvation Army, called for a boycott of the film ""The Last Temptation of Christ,"" which had sparked significant controversy in the United States. Directed by Martin Scorsese, the film premiered in the U.S. on 12 August 1988, generating packed theatres and increased attention due to the outrage expressed by conservative religious factions. Key features of the film that have raised concerns include a dream sequence featuring Jesus, portrayed by Willem Dafoe, engaging in an intimate relationship with Mary Magdalene. Notably, David Bowie also appears in the film as Pontius Pilate. Following the uproar, the film is set to open in Britain on 9 September 1988—earlier than originally planned—capitalising on the international controversy. As the British Board of Film Classification prepares to evaluate the film's suitability for release, discussions about its potential blasphemy have surfaced. The board’s secretary is contemplating seeking legal advice on the matter. Scorsese, a Catholic himself, asserts that the movie is an adaptation of a 1955 novel by Greek author Nikos Kazantzakis rather than a retelling of Biblical texts. Moreover, pressure is mounting on government officials to consider applying a rarely-used blasphemy law to prevent the film's release. Mary Whitehouse, president of the National Viewers and Listeners Association, is contemplating invoking similar legal measures as she had successfully done in a case against the magazine ""Gay News"" in 1977, which resulted in the only successful blasphemy prosecution in 55 years. Conservative MP Nicholas Bennett has urged Attorney-General Sir Patrick Mayhew to assess whether screenings of the film could potentially breach the peace and warrant criminal prosecution. Bennett posited that had the film depicted the life of Mohammed or any other religious figure, it might have led to legal repercussions under the Race Relations Act. In summary, the impending release of ""The Last Temptation of Christ"" in the UK has ignited widespread calls for a boycott from religious groups, significant legal discussions concerning blasphemy, and highlights the complex intersection of art, faith, and law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880815_2_83.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880815.2.83,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587563200
6372,18,08,1988,"More Men Seek Help From Mensline (Press, 18 August 1988)","A survey by Mensline has revealed a growing trend among Christchurch men seeking assistance for issues related to violence and anger. Since its inception in March 1987, the telephone counselling service has received approximately 150 calls, with about one-third of the callers expressing concern over their violent and angry feelings towards women. Another significant portion of calls related to the breakdown of personal relationships, with anger often intertwined with these concerns. Notably, some men identified themselves as perpetrators of incest, indicating awareness of societal condemnation, which can hinder their willingness to seek help. Additionally, some callers disclosed that they had been abused as boys, though the specifics regarding the nature of the abuse were unclear. On average, Mensline receives around two calls each night. Callers also raised issues concerning child custody following separations, feelings of isolation, and difficulties related to homosexuality. For those needing to address their anger, the service primarily referred men to the Selwyn Centre, which offers anger management programs under the auspices of the Canterbury Hospital Board. Mr. Alec Saunders, a spokesman for Mensline, emphasised that the service's mission is to encourage men to recognise and change their behaviours if they choose to do so. The organisation is also dedicated to supporting men who have experienced abuse from other men, as well as those whose female partners have been victims of incest. Regular support group meetings are held for men to discuss challenges they face regarding relationships and parenting. Mr. Saunders acknowledged that while increasing awareness of child abuse, especially incest, might alarm some fathers who feel branded as abusers, such sentiments are misplaced. He reiterated that the focus remains on protecting children and enabling men to alter their destructive behaviours. He contended that greater societal dialogue surrounding child abuse and incest will illuminate the extent of the problem and highlight the necessity for change and support for both victims and perpetrators.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880818_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880818.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587822400
6814,18,08,1988,"N.Z. Mothers Speak Out About Their Experiences (Press, 18 August 1988)","In a 1988 interview, Jenny Phillips shared her personal struggles with motherhood, stating that her experience deviated from the idealised portrayals often seen in television advertisements. She felt a range of emotions such as loss of confidence, depression, and anger while managing her life at home with young children. Realising her challenges were not unique, Phillips was inspired to write a book addressing these issues, resulting in the bestseller ""Mothers Matter Too."" The book resonated deeply with many women, including some in their 80s, revealing a widespread reluctance to openly discuss the difficulties of motherhood. Phillips embarked on a mission to encourage honest dialogue among mothers and sought contributions to the narrative through speeches, radio talks, and personal letters. She created a questionnaire aimed at capturing mothers' unique joys and struggles, while also writing her second book, ""The Mother Manual,"" which provided guidance on what motherhood could mean for different women. The feedback from her questionnaire was overwhelming, with around 400 responses, highlighting that many mothers were eager to share their experiences. In her writings, Phillips challenged existing stereotypes of mothers, emphasising that motherhood cannot simply be categorized as being a stay-at-home or working mother. She detailed her own varied experiences, having navigated through multiple roles: full-time homemaker, part-time worker, and joint custody arrangements. Her literature aimed to represent a broad spectrum of motherhood experiences, encompassing single mothers, grandmothers, adoptive mothers, and mothers from diverse backgrounds. Despite believing she has become somewhat of an expert in women’s mental health, Phillips was careful to state that she offers perspectives rather than definitive parenting solutions. She expressed pride in creating a platform for women to be candid about their motherhood journeys, although she acknowledged the lingering stigma that prompted many respondents to request anonymity. The issue of societal perceptions about motherhood was also addressed, with Phillips denouncing the myth that working mothers are to blame for societal problems. She argued that a simplistic return to traditional gender roles is not a viable solution in an increasingly complex world, suggesting that men and women must collaborate to shape a better society. Looking ahead, Phillips announced her intention to write a new book not focused on motherhood, but on starting a business, aiming to empower women in their professional endeavours. She reflected on her experience in building Clarity Communications with her partners, advocating for women's confidence in their abilities and knowledge, asserting that much of business relies on common sense.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880818_2_66_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880818.2.66.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587822400
6373,19,08,1988,"A.I.D.S. Induces New Kind Of Hypochondriac (Press, 19 August 1988)","A psychologist, Mr Larry Harmon, has revealed that the AIDS crisis has given rise to a new form of hypochondria, characterised by individuals who believe they are infected with the HIV virus despite having medical evidence proving otherwise. Speaking at the American Psychological Association's annual meeting, Harmon outlined cases he has treated where persistent fears of infection continue even after patients have undergone multiple blood tests over the course of a year. The underlying anxiety often stems from guilt associated with past sexual encounters, such as extramarital affairs or experiences with sex workers. Harmon noted that this acute fear, referred to as “A.F.R.A.1.D.5.” (acute fear regarding AIDS), disrupts patients' daily lives. Those afflicted might refuse intimacy with their spouses, fearing transmission of the virus, and report heightened anxiety that impacts their ability to focus at work. In severe instances, like one patient he reported on, individuals can become so distressed that they avoid contact with close family members, such as newborn babies, out of fear of spreading the virus. He described how symptoms such as weight loss, fatigue, and general malaise are frequently misinterpreted by these individuals as indicators of AIDS, leading to further health anxiety. For instance, a man who had an extramarital affair became convinced he had contracted the virus after experiencing typical anxiety-related symptoms following a sermon linking AIDS to sin. Even with a negative HIV test result, his fears persisted, demonstrating how deeply ingrained the anxiety can be. Harmon has treated ten patients with this condition over the last two years and acknowledges that other psychologists are witnessing similar cases, though precise statistics on the prevalence of this condition are not available. He explained that these fears are often intensified by societal stigma surrounding the disease, particularly since HIV/AIDS is commonly associated with sexual transmission primarily among homosexual males and other high-risk behaviours, such as sharing needles among drug users. In treating these patients, Harmon emphasises the importance of educating them on the realities of AIDS and helping them recognise their tendency to overly scrutinise benign symptoms. He advises his patients to carry copies of their negative blood tests to reduce anxiety and encourages them to engage more with their current environment, rather than fixating on past feelings of guilt. The ongoing threat of AIDS remains significant as there is currently no known cure for the virus, which targets the immune system and leaves its victims vulnerable to a myriad of infections and cancers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880819_2_139.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880819.2.139,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587908800
7049,19,08,1988,"Round Trip On Wrong Passport (Press, 19 August 1988)","On 19 August 1988, a 21-year-old woman from Christchurch inadvertently flew to Australia using her husband's passport, a situation that sparked a mix of confusion and humour. The incident occurred eight days prior when she travelled from Christchurch to Melbourne. It wasn't until her return to Christchurch that customs officials realised the mistake. The unnamed woman recalled that customs officers were surprised, and one officer even made a light-hearted remark about a possible sex change, although she insisted she did not resemble her husband. She was detained for about half an hour while her husband was called to retrieve her proper passport. Expressing her bewilderment, she noted that she could not understand how she was allowed to board and disembark flights without anyone noticing the discrepancy in identification. She speculated that the customs personnel may have focused only on passport numbers rather than closely examining the photographs. As someone who described herself as an inexperienced, anxious traveller, she reflected on how terrified she would have felt had she known about the mix-up while in Australia, questioning whether she would have been allowed back into New Zealand. Despite her initial distress, she later found the situation amusing. Her husband corroborated her anecdote, sharing that customs officials seemed indifferent to their situation. He conveyed his belief that travellers might exploit the loophole of travelling on someone else's passport as long as they share the same surname. Mick Browne, the chief customs officer at Christchurch Airport, acknowledged that local customs officials were not overly concerned since the travelling passenger held a New Zealand passport. However, he pointed out that Australian customs should take the incident more seriously given that regulations mandated New Zealanders to present their passports upon entry into Australia. Browne explained that while New Zealanders could return to their home country if they could establish their identity, showing a passport was typically a formality. He also clarified that, compared to the departure process, there was not as rigorous verification of passenger details before leaving New Zealand. Notably, he mentioned that it was a recent requirement for travelers between New Zealand and Australia to present passports upon departure. Browne summarised the situation by admitting he could not recall another instance where a traveller returned with a wrong passport without attracting attention from customs in the foreign country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880819_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880819.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587908800
6815,20,08,1988,"Life Is What Made You (Press, 20 August 1988)","In her debut novel ""Concertina,"" N. J. Fitzgerald introduces a complex and experimental narrative structure that spans three generations of women who face the inevitability of cancer in their lives. The story primarily focuses on Coriola, the third-generation narrator, who is in her early 40s and navigates a tumultuous emotional landscape. Coriola's life is marked by significant relationships, particularly her love for and pregnancy with the son of the psychiatrist who helped her overcome anorexia in her early 20s. This relationship becomes pivotal as Coriola grapples with her emotional and sexual identity. Her past as a strip-tease ""artiste"" is portrayed as a form of detached self-expression, allowing her to confront her feelings regarding her own body and sexuality. A previous lesbian affair with her riding mistress further complicates her understanding of herself, leaving her in a state of confusion regarding her sexual orientation. As the narrative unfolds, and at the age of 75, Coriola begins to reflect on her life, yearning to make sense of the various experiences and emotions that have shaped her. The concept of a ""concertina"" serves as a metaphor throughout the novel, symbolising the unfolding layers of her life story. In this final phase, she experiences a moment of connection with her child, who visits her ex-priest husband in an old people's home, suggesting themes of reconciliation and the cyclical nature of life. However, the novel's attempt to explore these deep emotional and familial tensions sometimes leads to an overindulgent complexity, making it feel more like an experimental exercise than a definitive resolution. The narrative dances with various themes including love, identity, familial relationships, and the interplay of past traumas, leaving readers with a rich tapestry of experiences rather than concrete answers. Ralf Unger’s commentary indicates that while the novel captures a range of intriguing elements, it ultimately leans towards self-consciousness, which may detract from its overall effectiveness. ""Concertina"" invites readers into a layered exploration of life, filled with nuanced characters and their struggles, but risks becoming overly intricate in its thematic aspirations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880820_2_94_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880820.2.94.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,587995200
6374,23,08,1988,"C.s.a. Gallery (Press, 23 August 1988)","“Homosexual — Beyond four straight sides” is an exhibition at the C.S.A. Gallery in Christchurch featuring artists Paul Johns, Trevor Fry, Paul Rayner, and Grant Lingard, running until September 4, 1988. The review by Pat Unger reflects on the current trend of provocative orifice art in the city, linking it to earlier works by various artists and highlighting the evolving interpretation of shapes in art as biological or sexual symbols. The exhibition seeks to reduce public hostility towards the gay community by showcasing the individual approaches of the participating artists. However, the review notes that the exhibition largely relies on shock value, with some pieces possibly pushing beyond the boundaries of accepted aesthetic standards. Traditionally, artists have acted as critics of society, and Unger argues that it is better for them to continue provoking reactions rather than conform to more conventional or soothing art forms. Grant Lingard’s works are praised for their visual clarity and restraint, using colour-coded frames to enhance the presentation of his line cartoons that reflect homosexual life. He employs black for seriousness, red for intensity, and pastels for softness, with pieces like “Hang Up” and “Tinker Tailor Soldier Sailor” offering commentary on attraction and choice. In contrast, Trevor Fry's artwork is described as urgent and raw, portraying male figures in a manner reflecting the madonna-prostitute dichotomy through earthy colours and crude representations. His pieces convey both brutality and divinity, aiming for a visceral impact. Paul Johns presents a photographic essay that captures the expressions of sexual partners, while Paul Rayner's work takes a more controversial turn. His acrylic paintings parody the style of late artist Philip Clairmont with garish colours and exaggerated imagery that mixes themes of sexuality and mortality, reflecting a critique of societal norms. His flashy approach aims to address the A.I.D.S. crisis while also promoting a philosophy of living life to the fullest. Overall, “Homosexual — Beyond four straight sides” serves to challenge perceptions and illuminate the experiences of the gay community, encouraging viewers to reevaluate their understandings and reactions to the subject matter presented. The exhibition is intended to put a face on what is often seen as anonymous, and it invites audiences to engage with its provocative content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880823_2_146.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880823.2.146,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588254400
7543,23,08,1988,"N.z. Dentists ‘unlikely To Get A.i.d.s.’ (Press, 23 August 1988)","At a recent Dental Association conference in New Zealand, Dr. Martin Ferguson, a professor of oral surgery at Otago University, addressed concerns regarding the transmission of A.I.D.S. among dental professionals. He presented findings indicating that the risk of dentists or dental assistants contracting A.I.D.S. from patients is quite low. Dr. Ferguson noted that most research supports the idea that the likelihood of infection through dental work is minimal, and the risk of transmitting the virus from one patient to another is similarly low. He acknowledged that dental practitioners, like other healthcare workers, would encounter patients who are H.I.V. positive or have A.I.D.S. With a growing number of identified H.I.V. cases, Dr. Ferguson estimated that each dentist in New Zealand might treat one H.I.V.-infected patient annually. Given the challenge of identifying such patients, he advised that it was prudent for dentists to treat all patients as potentially infectious. Dr. Ferguson explained that while the A.I.D.S. virus can be found in saliva, its concentration is less than that found in blood or semen. However, during many dental procedures, blood and saliva can mix, which could increase the risk of infection. He reassured attendees that dentists are already well-versed in managing infection risks, particularly concerning hepatitis B. Over the years, the dental community has implemented numerous protective measures in anticipation of such health concerns. Since the emergence of A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, there's been an ongoing advocacy for a code of practice within the dental field. Many dentists have adopted the use of gloves during procedures, a practice that is now standard at the Dental School in Dunedin. Dr. Ferguson expressed confidence that, due to the established safety practices and awareness of infection risks, the dental profession is unlikely to experience an outbreak of A.I.D.S. among its practitioners.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880823_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880823.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588254400
6984,24,08,1988,"Cheque For Car Was Worthless (Press, 24 August 1988)","In Auckland, a 29-year-old transvestite named Natalia Tomopoi Ahu received a 12-month suspended sentence after hiring a chauffeur-driven Rolls Royce with a fraudulent cheque. The incident took place when Ahu, who is an unemployed interviewer from Herne Bay, along with two friends, enjoyed a luxurious ride around Auckland for several hours. They ultimately paid for the car hire using a personalised cheque that Ahu claimed to have found in Point Chevalier. During the court proceedings, Judge Morris highlighted the seriousness of the offence but also noted that Ahu had already reimbursed the car hire company the amount of $420, which was described as the cost of the ""elegant ride."" Ahu's defence counsel, Mr David Reece, mentioned in court that Ahu considered the limousine ride to be a joke but has since come to understand that his actions were inappropriate. In addition to the suspended sentence, Ahu was also fined $200 for the crime.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880824_2_97_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880824.2.97.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588340800
7544,24,08,1988,"Inmates’ A.i.d.s. Risk Study (Press, 24 August 1988)","On 24 August 1988, New Zealand’s Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, announced the formation of an inter-departmental working party to study behaviours in prisons that could contribute to the spread of AIDS. This initiative comes in response to concerns regarding how certain activities, particularly those involving sex and needle sharing, may facilitate the transmission of the virus. The Justice Department indicated that the working party would also investigate other potential behaviours, including tattooing, that could lead to the spread of the disease. To date, two inmates have tested positive for HIV; however, the department confirmed there have been no cases of full-blown AIDS within the prison system. Despite the current minimal incidence rate, Mr Palmer emphasised the importance of ongoing vigilance, stating, “The issue of AIDS is not going to go away. So far there appears to be no cure for this infection. The only thing we can do about it is try to prevent it.” He highlighted the urgency of implementing preventive measures in the closed environment of prisons. Mr Palmer refrained from commenting on potentially controversial proposals, such as allowing condom distribution or introducing a needle-exchange scheme for inmates, pending the findings of the working party. A significant concern regarding the distribution of condoms is the potential for misuse, particularly in terms of concealing drugs. The working party will consist of representatives from both the Justice and Health departments. Meanwhile, the Opposition spokesperson on health, Mr Don McKinnon, voiced criticism of the government's response to the issue, suggesting that insufficient action could result in prisons becoming breeding grounds for the AIDS virus. He warned that allowing the disease to spread unchecked within prisons could create a significant health crisis for future generations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880824_2_15.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880824.2.15,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588340800
6375,24,08,1988,"The Legend And The Truth Of The Uncrowned Desert... (Press, 24 August 1988)","On 24 August 1988, the centenary of T. E. Lawrence's birth prompted a reevaluation of his life and legacy beyond the romanticised portrayals presented in popular accounts. The initial biography, ""With Lawrence in Arabia,"" published by Lowell Thomas in 1924, created a sensationalist image of Lawrence that captivated audiences and sold over 90,000 copies in the UK. This book established a narrative of Lawrence as the ""uncrowned king of Arabia,"" leading to a flood of writings attempting to capitalise on his story's allure, yet often failing in substance when compared to Lawrence's own detailed account, ""Seven Pillars of Wisdom."" Media interest has historically focused on unearthing novel aspects of Lawrence's life, sometimes at the expense of accuracy. Notably, Richard Aldington's 1950s accusation that Lawrence was a chronic liar sparked significant debate and speculation about his life, further complicated by the embargo on his extensive papers until 2000. Critics have claimed facts have been suppressed, but the reasons for this embargo were more related to the privacy of his associates than to protecting Lawrence's reputation. Recent biographers have often indulged in conjecture regarding his private life, including suggestions of an intelligence career, which have not appealed to the public like Thomas's original portrayal. In contrast, Lawrence's genuine life story offers rich drama and a diverse range of pursuits, from archaeology to military intelligence, culminating in significant impact during the Arab Revolt. This complexity, including friendships with notable figures and his passionate pursuit of perfection, renders unnecessary any fictional enhancements to his tale. Lawrence's wartime contributions as a pivotal figure in the Arab Revolt gained him respect among both Arab and British command. His competence in Military Intelligence enabled him to guide operations successfully, and his subsequent works reflect the depth of his experiences. ""Seven Pillars of Wisdom,"" crafted over years, is noted for its introspective qualities, and while some critiques allege inaccuracies, contemporary documents support his narratives, painting him as a crucial actor in the geopolitical landscape of the time. Aside from his military and historical impact, Lawrence's literary contributions, including his candid autobiography ""The Mint"" and his celebrated translation of Homer's ""Odyssey,"" showcase his profound abilities as a writer. Although his identity as a ""man of letters"" is still developing, the enduring popularity of his works attests to their significance in literature. As Lawrence's historical role in shaping the Middle East becomes clearer, it raises an appreciation for his contributions that transcend the sensational narrative. His personal struggles, including his illegitimacy and traumatic wartime experiences, undoubtedly influenced him, but ultimately, they serve to highlight his remarkable achievements. The discussion surrounding Lawrence's legacy is seen as timely, with Jeremy Wilson's authorised biography set to further detail his life and influence in the context of the broader historical narrative.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880824_2_112.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880824.2.112,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588340800
7702,25,08,1988,"N.z. Censorship Compared With Ancient Rome (Press, 25 August 1988)","On 25 August 1988, the Society for Promotion of Community Standards (S.P.C.S.) expressed serious concerns about New Zealand's censors' standards for film and video, particularly in relation to sex and violence, claiming that these standards were more lenient than those in countries like Britain and Australia. The director of the S.P.C.S., Miss Patricia Bartlett, highlighted a disparity with the British Board of Film Classification, stating that New Zealand's legislation allowed for content that she deemed decadent and corrupt. During a presentation to a committee investigating pornography, she referenced an annual report from the British Board that mentioned a 1979 ruling by the House of Lords, which defined blasphemy as any contemptuous or reviling material related to religious figures or texts. Bartlett pointed out the lack of laws in New Zealand to prohibit child pornography, contrasting it unfavourably with legislation enacted in Australia and Britain. Miss Bartlett was particularly critical of the Video Authority in New Zealand, accusing it of allowing vulgar material, including a heterosexual video that depicted sodomy, to be passed for public consumption. She expressed her dismay at the fact that women censors were involved in approving such degrading content, describing it as sexual exploitation. She noted that the S.P.C.S. had invested significant funds—$900 to submit nine videos for classification and $700 to review one approved video—indicating a proactive stance in challenging the standards set by the Video Authority. As of 1 January 1989, the revised wording of the Video Recordings Act would complicate the process for consumers seeking to appeal the authority’s decisions, as only commercial importers had easy access to review channels. To address issues of fairness and accessibility, the S.P.C.S. proposed the introduction of submission fees for video classification and review, placing a fee of $25 for the former and $50 for the latter. The S.P.C.S. aimed to reform the classification system, ensuring that community standards more closely aligned with their views on decency and morality in video content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880825_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880825.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588427200
6816,26,08,1988,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 26 August 1988)","On 26 August 1988, the Canterbury Aged People’s Welfare Council staff shared a humorous incident involving an elderly woman whose home was vandalised. The intruders had ransacked her house but only took a bottle of laxatives. When a policeman informed her these would likely be used for making homemade baked goods, she humorously remarked that anyone using her “poo pills” to make cookies would be in for a rough time. In Thailand, the return of Miss Universe, Porntip Nakhirunkanok, drew massive crowds in Bangkok, causing a frenzy among fans. A spokesperson for Miss Universe, Inc. stated that she is the most beloved Miss Universe to date, charging fees for her appearances. However, not all reactions were positive; feminists staged a parody pageant, crowning alternative titles such as “Miss Thighland” and “Mistreated,” and demonstrating their discontent with dollar sign sunglasses and condom balloons. At the Dental Association’s Conference in Christchurch, a dentist amusingly compared involvement and commitment using a bacon and egg breakfast analogy to illustrate the difference—while the hen is involved, the pig is committed. The Ministry of Women’s Affairs announced several project fund grants highlighted in their June newsletter, which had just arrived. Notable beneficiaries included the Witchwork Publishing Collective in Nelson, which received $500 to print a book of lesbian poems, and the Ngataki Maori Women’s Group in Kaitaia, also receiving $500 for transportation costs related to mat weaving. The Manawatu Home Birth Association garnered $550 for a promotional poster on home births. In a quirky communication from Telecom, an exchange between an operator and a caller included a missed name and ended with the line going dead, demonstrating the everyday absurdities of phone connections. Eddie “The Eagle” Edwards, who gained fame during the Winter Olympics, continued to entertain with his knack for mishaps. Recently, he mistakenly went to Portsmouth looking for the Plymouth Ideal Home Exhibition, only to find out he was at the wrong location. After informing his manager of his confusion, he quickly rented a car and sped 320 kilometres to Plymouth to fulfil his commitment to the event. In summary, the snippet highlights various humorous and poignant moments from 1988, including anecdotes from elderly clients, cultural events in Thailand, the dental conference, and various project fund grants from the Ministry of Women’s Affairs, capped off with Eddie Edwards’ latest hilarious misadventure.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880826_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880826.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588513600
6817,27,08,1988,"Sheer Hype Or Another Hite High? (Press, 27 August 1988)","Shere Hite's ""Women and Love: The New Hite Report,"" published in 1988, has faced substantial criticism for its methodological approach, yet it provides valuable insights into the lives of American women during the 1980s. In this extensive book, Hite gathered responses from 4,000 women out of 100,000 questionnaires sent out, prompting debates about the representativeness of her findings. One notable statistic is that 70 per cent of women married for five years or more reported having sex outside their marriage, which some critics dismissed as a reflection of the biases of those willing to respond. Despite the criticism, the book offers a comprehensive exploration of various women's perspectives on topics such as love, marriage, and personal relationships. Hite captures the diverse experiences of single women, married women, lesbians, mothers, and professionals. A significant theme is the shifting priorities of women, who increasingly place children and careers above romantic relationships, demonstrating a cultural transformation in how women view love and partnership. The exhaustion experienced by women juggling multiple roles—career, motherhood, and domestic responsibilities—is palpable throughout the narrative. Many women express disappointment with traditional emotional support from their partners, indicating a trend away from viewing relationships with men as central to their lives. For them, love has become less of a priority compared to other responsibilities. While the voices of the women surveyed provide depth and richness to the narrative, Hite's interspersed commentary can detract from the overall impact, at times appearing overly romanticised. The inclusion of her subjective reflections has been noted as unnecessary by some critics. Overall, ""Women and Love"" serves as an important call for dialogue between the sexes, highlighting the need for understanding and adjustment in relationships as cultural roles evolve. The book is viewed as a significant contribution to discussions about women's experiences and societal expectations in the 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880827_2_161.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880827.2.161,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588600000
7545,29,08,1988,"A.i.d.s. Tests A Visa Condition? (Press, 29 August 1988)","On 29 August 1988, it was reported that the New Zealand and Australian governments are considering a new requirement for citizens wishing to work in Papua New Guinea (PNG) to provide proof of being free from AIDS. This potential policy arises from recommendations made by the PNG Minister of Health, driven by concerns that AIDS could grow into a significant health and social issue within the country. According to Mr John Hunter, the information officer at the PNG Consulate in Sydney, the official statistics indicate that two Papua New Guineans have died from the disease, with ten confirmed cases of individuals carrying the H.I.V. virus. However, the actual numbers are suspected to be higher, reflecting an underreported health crisis. Implementing such a requirement would align Papua New Guinea with several other nations that mandate A.I.D.S. status verification for foreign workers on permits. According to Mr Tony Delroy from the Australian National Council on AIDS, this measure not only aims to reduce the spread of the disease but also to safeguard foreign workers from potential blame and retribution if the virus spreads among the local population. In conjunction with the introduction of this A.I.D.S. clearance requirement, the PNG government, with support from the Australian government, has initiated an extensive education campaign to raise awareness about A.I.D.S. and its related concerns. The campaign seeks the cooperation of local media, church groups, and educational institutions. However, it faces significant challenges, particularly since approximately 80 per cent of the population in Papua New Guinea is illiterate. Many individuals reside in rural areas that lack access to newspapers and television, with only limited radio broadcasting available to keep them informed about such urgent health matters. This combination of a growing health threat and the need for effective public education highlights the complex situation facing both Papua New Guinea and its international partners.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880829_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880829.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588772800
6376,30,08,1988,"Sexual Revolution Stirs Among China’s Young... (Press, 30 August 1988)","In 1988, a sexual revolution began to emerge among China's youth, contrasting sharply with the country's historically puritanical values. Inspired by demonstrations at Peking University, there were calls for sexual freedom, as student protest posters proclaimed, “Allow free love, end the sexual repression of one billion people.” As concerns about A.I.D.S. heightened celibacy in the West, Chinese cities, particularly in the east, saw increased promiscuity, rising divorce rates, and a surge in venereal diseases. The public discourse also expressed alarm over pornography, which was believed to corrupt both the youth and law enforcement. Despite these changes, China's official culture remained chaste, disapproving of revealing attire and public displays of affection, while its legal framework still criminalised seduction and adultery with armed forces members. This paradox led to what many young people perceived as a double standard, where illicit behaviour persisted, so long as it was kept discreet. In cities like Canton, prostitution was visibly thriving, with ""wild chickens"" engaging in their trade openly, and even a nightclub for homosexual men existed, albeit alongside a harsh labour camp for women convicted of prostitution. In Shanghai, taxi drivers often guided customers to prostitutes, and one well-known young woman, dubbed ""Miss English,"" became notable for her limited language skills. In Peking, a historic gate of the Forbidden City served as a meeting spot for male homosexuals, although penalties for homosexuality could be severe. Reports indicated that police raided public parks at night to disperse couples, and marriages were at times clandestinely consummated in such locations due to lack of privacy. Though the rise in sexual diseases since the 1980s was notable, A.I.D.S. remained largely absent from the discourse. Health officials even advised against relationships with foreigners to prevent the disease's introduction. Analysts attributed the shifting sexual mores to a ""moral vacuum,"" arising from disillusionment with Communist virtues that replaced old moral codes. While urban youth increasingly embraced Western sexual values, rural regions tended to retain stricter customs, with reports of bride-selling and child marriages rising. The overarching influence of Deng Xiaoping's reform policies was frequently cited as a catalyst for these changes, introducing foreign cultural elements to China, including pornography. Critics pointed to a historic hypocrisy, observing that leaders like Mao Zedong had maintained personal liberties while imposing restrictions on the general populace. The call for strengthening socialist spiritual values prompted debates on how to reconcile newfound pleasures with traditional ideals, encapsulated in the contrast between promoting wealth and addressing moral decay sparked by the pursuit of those riches.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880830_2_98.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880830.2.98,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588859200
6377,30,08,1988,"Women Advance A ‘more Civilised And Sophisticated... (Press, 30 August 1988)","Wendy Traill, from Geraldine, has become only the second woman to winter over at Scott Base in its 30-year history. Traditionally assigned roles include cleaner and kitchen hand, but like the 11 male members of the team, she is also part of the fire crew. Ms Traill was offered the opportunity to stay for the winter at the end of the summer season in February 1988, which she eagerly accepted as a ""once in a lifetime opportunity."" She expressed that it was easier to make her decision after getting to know her male colleagues at Scott Base. The decision to employ a full-time general duties person for the winter was influenced by the completion of the Scott Base rebuilding programme earlier that year. Previously, this role was collectively shared among all staff during the winter months. Ms Traill hopes that her position will enable other women to winter over at Scott Base in the future. The first woman to have had this experience was Thelma Rodgers, a scientific officer from Christchurch, who wintered over in 1979. According to Dr Tony Taylor, a psychologist who has studied the wintering experience at Scott Base, it is ideal for at least two women to winter together, as they can maintain their feminine identity amidst a predominantly male environment. Ms Traill has the opportunity to interact with women at the nearby McMurdo Station, situated 3 km away, which mitigates her isolation. Dr Taylor also observes that the presence of women has a calming influence, making the atmosphere in Antarctica more reminiscent of a ski club. While women were part of the Antarctic workforce as early as 1946-47, when the first two women worked alongside their husbands during the Finn Ronne Expedition, significant progress towards female inclusion began in the 1970s. Although men historically kept women out of such roles to assert their own resilience, there has been no evidence to suggest that this exclusion was related to homosexual preferences. The Russians were pioneers in providing equal opportunities for both sexes in Antarctica, albeit only during the summer season. Recently, families have been allowed at some South American bases in the region, although there is no indication that other nations will adopt similar policies. Dr Taylor stresses that the inclusion of women in Antarctic programs is significant and cannot be overlooked. As more women participate in these expeditions, the dynamics of team composition and the nature of attractions within the group will evolve. Additionally, personnel may require training on issues such as sexually transmitted diseases and interpersonal relationships, considering the emotional challenges that arise in such isolated communities. While no specific studies have examined the impacts of women in small Antarctic communities, Dr Taylor concludes that their presence has injected a more civilised and sophisticated atmosphere into life at the bases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880830_2_122_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880830.2.122.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,588859200
6818,03,09,1988,"Women As Subjects, Looking Out (Press, 3 September 1988)","On 3 September 1988, Sharon Hunter reviewed ""New Women’s Fiction,"" edited by Aorewa McLeod and published by New Women’s Press. This collection, consisting of previously unpublished works by both established and aspiring New Zealand women writers, follows the controversial first collection. Critics had mixed reactions to the earlier edition, notably Anne Kennedy, who described it as “a not very remarkable collection,” despite contributing a story titled “A veil dropped from a great height” for the new anthology. The primary distinction of this new collection is its portrayal of women as active subjects rather than passive objects. The stories reflect a significant shift, showcasing women taking control of their destinies. For example, in Suzi Pointon’s “Shark Alert,” a woman is humiliated by a man on the beach but ultimately triumphs over the situation, highlighting resilience and agency. Similarly, Stephanie Johnson’s “The Invisible Hand” features a single mother who runs a phone sex business, managing to provide for her child while asserting her independence, despite societal disapproval from her feminist peers. The collection also includes narratives about lesbian relationships, some of which echo the more challenging dynamics often seen in heterosexual partnerships. M. A. Sotheran’s story “A body like that” explores issues of body image and self-acceptance in a same-sex relationship, while Sue Reidy’s “Dog Boy” examines the pitfalls of emotional entanglement and the desire for freedom from overpowering bonds. However, not all stories fit seamlessly into the contemporary setting of the late 1980s. Elizabeth Smither’s “The Girl Who Loved Mathematics” tells the story of a gifted young girl whose educational opportunities are stifled by her father's decision to withdraw her from school, evoking a narrative more characteristic of earlier decades. Overall, ""New Women’s Fiction"" presents a rich and hopeful landscape of narratives that reflect a wide array of experiences and perspectives, empowering women and encouraging an assertive exploration of personal and social realities. The collection is noted for its fluent writing and promise, embodying a significant contribution to New Zealand literature.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880903_2_104_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880903.2.104.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,589204800
7050,05,09,1988,"Sex Change In Uganda (Press, 5 September 1988)","In Rakai district, south-east Uganda, the impact of AIDS has been profound and alarming. Initially, the local population attributed the disease's onset to witchcraft or the invasion by Tanzanian soldiers in 1979. However, awareness has evolved, and it is now understood that AIDS is transmitted through sexual contact. The local community, primarily consisting of poorly educated individuals along a heavily trafficked trade route, has taken initiative in protecting itself from the epidemic. The Ugandan government has played a pivotal role in this effort, particularly under the guidance of its Minister of Information, known for his unconventional but insightful approach developed during his time at Cambridge. The government's campaign promotes the slogan “Zero Grazing,” which encourages individuals to engage in sexual relations only with their spouses, aligning with cultural practices, including among Muslims who may have multiple spouses. The campaign uses striking posters that caution against the allure of sexual indulgence, effectively instilling fear about the connection between sexual behaviour and the risk of death from AIDS. This approach appears to have resonated deeply within the community, as virtually everyone in Rakai district is personally acquainted with someone who has succumbed to AIDS, often leaving behind dependents. The tangible threat of the disease has prompted a behavioural shift among the population, mirroring trends seen in San Francisco where awareness of AIDS led to changed behaviours before widespread public education initiatives were introduced. The anecdotal evidence from Rakai's residents, including insights from local figures like Father Augustine Masaka, suggests that people are becoming more cognizant of how AIDS spreads and are adjusting their behaviours accordingly. A head nurse at the district's main hospital corroborates this shift, stating bluntly that people have recognised the dangers and are no longer engaging in previously risky behaviours. Uganda was the first country in Africa to establish an AIDS programme, and it is often regarded as the most effective. This success is attributed to its policy of open discussion about the disease, something many other governments were hesitant to address. As a result, the efforts in Rakai serve as an example of how community awareness and education can lead to significant changes in behaviour in the face of a public health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880905_2_99.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880905.2.99,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,589377600
6378,07,09,1988,"Actress Plagued By Insecurity (Press, 7 September 1988)","Estelle Getty, a seasoned actress with over 50 years of experience in theatre, film, and television, continues to grapple with insecurity despite her success. At 63 years old, she has gained widespread recognition for her role as Sophia, the spirited 80-year-old mother of Dorothy in the hit comedy series “The Golden Girls,” which is among the highest-rated shows in the United States. However, Getty expresses doubts about her talent, revealing her worries after rehearsals. She recalls a recent incident where the director did not communicate with her as much as with her co-stars, leaving her anxious about how she is perceived. ""I never know whether he thinks I’m perfect or hopeless,"" she shares. Her co-star, Betty White, notes that Getty often experiences anxiety, especially on taping nights. Despite her apprehensions, Getty consistently delivers outstanding performances. Though primarily established in theatre—earning acclaim for her role in the Tony Award-winning “Torch Song Trilogy”—Getty concerns herself with her transition to television acting. Bea Arthur, who plays Dorothy, acknowledges that Getty's limited television experience compared to the rest of the cast contributed to her struggles with adapting to the medium. Initially uncertain about her longevity on “The Golden Girls,” Getty feared being written out of the show, especially since it began with a larger ensemble cast. Despite her character Sophia becoming beloved among audiences and creators alike, Getty's insecurities remain. She reflects on a conversation with a doctor about self-doubt, comparing it to her own feelings as an actress: ""Every time I walk out on stage, I’m afraid they are going to find me out too,"" she confesses. Getty's story highlights the often-hidden vulnerabilities that can accompany success in the entertainment industry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880907_2_110_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880907.2.110.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,589550400
6379,08,09,1988,"A.I.D.S. Cases Reach 91 (Press, 8 September 1988)","As of 8 September 1988, New Zealand's Health Department has reported nine new cases of AIDS since June, bringing the total number of cases in the country to 91. Out of these, 36 individuals have died, and six have moved overseas. This year alone, 28 new cases have been identified. As of 2 September 1988, there have been 396 positive antibody tests for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is responsible for AIDS. The majority of AIDS cases have been reported in Auckland and predominantly involve homosexual men, with only a single case attributed to heterosexual contact thus far. Additionally, the Health Department has indicated that HIV transmission is occurring among intravenous drug users in New Zealand. Earlier instances of HIV transmission also occurred through blood transfusions before the implementation of control measures in 1985. Notably, New Zealand has not seen any documented cases of perinatal (mother to baby) transmission of the virus. Globally, the situation is concerning, with the World Health Organisation reporting over 108,000 AIDS cases by 1 August 1988. However, this figure represents only a fraction of the actual cases, which are estimated to be between 200,000 and 250,000 worldwide. Furthermore, it is estimated that between five and ten million individuals may currently be infected with HIV globally.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880908_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880908.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,589636800
6380,09,09,1988,"A.I.D.S. Toll Nears 1000 (Press, 9 September 1988)","As of the end of August 1988, the number of reported AIDS cases in Britain had risen to 1,730, with 949 fatalities, according to the Department of Health. These figures reveal an increase from the end of July, when there were 1,669 cases and 916 deaths. The data indicates that the most significantly affected population continues to be homosexual or bisexual men, who account for 1,426 of the cases and 780 of the deaths. Hemophiliacs represent the second-largest affected group, with 113 reported cases and 70 deaths.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880909_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880909.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,589723200
6381,10,09,1988,"Exuberant Amid Sex (Press, 10 September 1988)","Desmond Hogan's novel ""A New Shirt,"" published in 1987, is reviewed positively for its rich language and evocative style. At 215 pages and priced at $13.95 for the paperback edition, the novel is more than just a story focused on sexual themes, primarily homosexual experiences; it is celebrated for its literary craft. The narrator embarks on a journey from Ireland to New York, driven by a desire to uncover the life and works of poet Nessan, whose writings left an impression on him during his university days. As the narrator retraces Nessan's intimate relationships, including a significant connection with his mother and a later heterosexual life that results in fathering a son, the narrative unfolds a deeper exploration of identity and inspiration. The novel is interpreted as a metaphorical quest for artistic muse, reflecting on the process of realising creative potential. Throughout the narrative, Hogan weaves a complex tapestry of political, social, and intellectual themes, enhanced by vivid descriptions of Dublin and historical references that span from the Great Famine to the 1980s. However, it is noted that the book may not appeal to all readers, particularly those who are sensitive to explicit content. Overall, Hogan's exuberant writing style invites readers to appreciate the beauty of the language as much as the storyline itself.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880910_2_110_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880910.2.110.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,589809600
6382,13,09,1988,"The Dirty Tricks S. Africa Uses Against Its... (Press, 13 September 1988)","David Beresford, writing for the Guardian on 13 September 1988, highlights a troubling case in Cape Town involving the military's intimidation tactics against anti-apartheid activists, particularly those in the End Conscription Campaign (E.C.C.). The case revolves around an application for an interdict against the Minister of Defence and a local military commander, aimed at protecting the E.C.C. from harassment as the South African government had recently banned their campaign against national service. Sydney Kentridge, a prominent urban lawyer, is representing the E.C.C. and has presented a shocking array of reported “dirty tricks” employed by the military over the past three years. These tactics included the distribution of defamatory pamphlets dropped from helicopters during a peaceful gathering, malicious smear campaigns suggesting homosexual connotations, tampering with vehicles, and a barrage of threats, harassment, and assaults aimed at campaign members. Notably, the military's admission of these tactics, including the helicopter incident, has raised alarms about their justifications for such actions as necessary for the nation's defence and security. The Chief of the Air Force has declared that South Africa is in a state of ""war"" and contends that military actions are beyond the jurisdiction of the legal system. Kentridge's sharp critique of this stance likens the military's pretensions to those of a South American junta, suggesting a dwindling regard for democratic principles and the rule of law. Compounding these concerns, Beresford references violent incidents linked to anti-apartheid groups, including a significant bombing that destroyed Khotso House, which served as a headquarters for various organisations. Another anti-apartheid group, the Community Resource and Information Centre (C.R.I.C.), faced multiple arson attacks with professional execution, leading to the disappearance of one of its members, Stanza Bopape, following his detention. Confusion surrounding his status and the lapses in police communication regarding his case have sparked fears that he may have fallen victim to state-sponsored violence. Kentridge's recent work in Namibia before the E.C.C. case underscored broader regional tensions, involving efforts to contest the unilateral cessation of a murder trial against soldiers accused of violence, highlighting ongoing struggles against governmental repression. The unfolding situation in South Africa, as reported, casts a grim shadow over the future of dissent and legal norms in the country, raising pressing questions about the extent and nature of governmental power during a time of systemic upheaval against apartheid.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880913_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880913.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590068800
6537,15,09,1988,"Transvestite 'used To Set Up Minister’ (Press, 15 September 1988)","On 15 September 1988, a transsexual identity from Wellington, known as Carmen, made explosive claims in her forthcoming memoirs, which are set to be launched shortly. In the book, Carmen alleges that a transvestite friend was used to orchestrate a set-up involving former Labour Party Cabinet Minister Joe Walding at the Crypt nightclub in Auckland in 1977. Carmen criticises what she describes as the ""dirty political tricks"" employed in that era, asserting that Labour MPs should have fought back against the National Party with similar tactics. Carmen, who is 51 years old and now resides in Sydney, reflected on her interactions with notable political figures like Walding and former Prime Minister Norman Kirk in her coffee lounge, maintaining that their visits did not imply any sexual orientation. The memoir, ghost-written by Australian journalist Paul Martin, is rooted in research that prompted Carmen's brief return to Wellington in December 1987. In a segment titled “Those Politicians,” Carmen recounts how her drag queen friend was introduced to Mr Walding at the nightclub, leading to a seemingly innocuous gathering that turned into a media spectacle when a photographer arrived unannounced to capture the moment. The incident was subsequently published in a major newspaper, causing significant controversy. When her friend approached the police about the incident, she was allegedly told by a detective to remain silent or risk facing trouble. Carmen expressed concern over the motivations behind the set-up, questioning who orchestrated the event to create such a public backlash against Walding’s harmless encounter. She noted that a senior Auckland police detective was later found guilty of conduct unbecoming, but a magistrate's report cleared the detective of involvement in any political machinations or in arranging the photographer's attendance. Furthermore, Carmen recalled the broader political climate of the time, referencing a scandal involving Labour Party members Colin Moyle and Gerald O’Brien that exposed unsavoury details about political rivals. She felt the Labour Party missed an opportunity to retaliate effectively against the National Party's practices, suggesting that a more aggressive approach could have challenged the influence of what she termed the “National Party Dirty Tricks Brigade.” Through her memoir, Carmen seeks to shed light on the intricacies of political manoeuvring and the personal experiences intertwined with these events from over a decade earlier, calling for a more robust response from the Labour Party against the underhanded tactics employed by their adversaries.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880915_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880915.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590241600
6538,16,09,1988,"Book Recalls 1977 Nightclub Incident (Press, 16 September 1988)","An autobiography by the transsexual performer Carmen, titled ""Carmen — My Life from Schoolboy to Successful Businesswoman,"" has reignited controversy surrounding an incident involving Detective Inspector Ian Hastings and former Cabinet Minister Joe Walding. This controversy originated from a meeting in a nightclub in Auckland in 1977, which was photographed and publicised, purportedly to discredit Walding. In her memoirs, Carmen alleges that the police orchestrated the meeting to embarrass Walding, stating, ""I’ll swear to this day that someone did try to set up Mr Walding with a transvestite in Auckland."" This claim has raised significant interest, particularly for Hastings, who was involved in relaying the transvestite to the Crypt nightclub where Walding was dining at the time. However, Detective Inspector Hastings has strongly denied any intentional misconduct, insisting there was no orchestrated effort to compromise Walding's reputation. Hastings indicated he would consider reading Carmen's book before deciding on any potential responses to the allegations, but he expressed scepticism about the need to revisit the matter. He mentioned, ""Everyone was speculating at the time and people will probably continue to do that... I think anyone trying to stir up mud will find it difficult."" He feels he has moved past the incident and noted that an inquiry into the situation by senior magistrate J. A. Wicks concluded there was no evidence of a political conspiracy or premeditated setup. In 1977, Hastings, then a detective senior-sergeant, faced disciplinary actions and was fined $40 after being found guilty of conduct that brought discredit to the police. However, the inquiry led by Wicks clarified that a series of accidents and coincidences had caused the incident, dismissing any notions of deliberate mischief. The revival of these allegations in 1988 has drawn attention back to a case that has lingered in the public consciousness for over a decade, as Detective Inspector Hastings continues to assert his innocence in a matter he considers resolved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880916_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880916.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590328000
6383,16,09,1988,"Lennon Biography Fiction, Says Ono (Press, 16 September 1988)","On 16 September 1988, Yoko Ono publicly denounced a controversial biography about her late husband, John Lennon, titled ""The Lives of John Lennon,"" written by Albert Goldman. In a nationally broadcast radio show, Ono described the book as “totally fiction,” stating that it misrepresented both her and Lennon, portraying them in a negative light. The 719-page biography presents Lennon as an anorexic, bisexual, drug-addicted individual who wished to leave his wife, while depicting Ono as a gold-digger who used heroin until Lennon's death and engaged in multiple affairs during their marriage. Goldman also alleged that Ono was responsible for Paul McCartney’s 1980 marijuana arrest in Japan, and suggested that both Lennon and Ono were eager for a divorce. In response, Ono refuted Goldman’s claims through recorded interviews with Lennon’s friends and former associates, arguing that the book relied on unreliable sources and misquotes, aiming to strip both her and Lennon of their dignity. The broadcast, recorded on 28 August at the Dakota apartments where Ono continues to reside, was released to coincide with the book's national publication. During the show, Ono’s sons, Julian and Sean, also voiced their discontent, with Julian calling the book “sickening,” refuting Goldman’s portrayal of Lennon as a terrifying father. Ono directly countered various allegations made in the biography, denying claims about Lennon’s sexuality, advocating drug use while living with their son, and asserting he had become a recluse similar to Howard Hughes. While she acknowledged having a heroin problem in the late 1970s, Ono rejected Goldman’s claim that she had an exorbitantly high drug habit. The publication has sparked outrage from many of Lennon and Ono's friends, including McCartney, who denied one particular anecdote in the book and urged a boycott against it. Goldman, known for previously controversial biographies of figures like Lenny Bruce and Elvis Presley, claimed to have conducted over 1,200 interviews for this work. The backlash highlights the ongoing sensitivity surrounding Lennon’s legacy and the personal lives of those connected to him.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880916_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880916.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590328000
7336,17,09,1988,"Dazzling Carmen Launches Book (Press, 17 September 1988)","On 17 September 1988, Carmen, formerly known as Trevor Rupe, celebrated the launch of her candid biography titled ""Carmen: My Life from Schoolboy to Successful Businesswoman"" at the Sir Michael Fowler Centre in Wellington. Arriving in style in a silver Rolls Royce, she was accompanied by her long-time friend, David Hartnell, and received warm welcomes from family members, including her sister and nieces. The event drew a diverse crowd of approximately 200 attendees, comprising notable figures from various sectors, including media personalities like Mike Bungay, lan Athfield, and Brian Edwards, as well as members of Wellington's nightlife community and those connected to the city's red light district. The evening featured speeches from several individuals. The children of Carmen's coauthor, Paul Martin, expressed wishes for the book’s success, followed by a blunt commentary from Bob Jones, who had served as her ""philosophy adviser"" during a 1977 mayoral campaign. He lamented the election of Sir Michael Fowler over Carmen, suggesting that it wasn't too late for her to pursue a political career once again, proposing a light-hearted rivalry between her and current political figures. Sir Michael Fowler also spoke, acknowledging Carmen's unique methods during her campaigning, specifically her tactic of avoiding questions by being swiftly escorted away at public meetings. In a heartfelt moment, Carmen, adorned with gilded reading glasses, expressed her initial concerns about attendance at the event. She considered herself a public figure and reflected on the mutual relationships formed throughout her career, stating that everyone involved had, in some way, used each other positively. Towards the end of the launch, Carmen expressed gratitude to attendees and mentioned her plans to return to Wellington from her residence in Sydney to embrace a quieter life focused on charity work. The launch not only highlighted Carmen's achievements but also the colourful tapestry of social interactions and relationships throughout her career in business and public life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880917_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880917.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590414400
6385,17,09,1988,"Rivalry Of The Sexuals (Press, 17 September 1988)","""The Mysteries of Pittsburgh,"" a debut novel by Michael Chabon, was published in 1988 by Sceptre/Hodder and Stoughton. The story follows Art Bechstein, a young man navigating the complexities of new adulthood while grappling with the influence of his father, a gangster who yearns for his son to adopt a respectable lifestyle. As Art embarks on this journey, he finds himself entangled in a love triangle involving Arthur Le Comte, a charming homosexual with whom he shares a strong attraction, and Phlox, a girl with an unusual name with whom he becomes romantically involved. The narrative explores Art's internal struggle as he tries to balance his feelings for Le Comte and Phlox, making this conflict a central theme of the book. Chabon's writing is noted for its quality, and while the novel has received a positive reception, the focus on the competing affections between the characters may not resonate with all readers. The themes of heterosexual and homosexual rivalry are present, and although the book may lack the nuanced sensitivity found in James Baldwin’s “Giovanni’s Room,” its depiction of relationships and challenges faced during the 1980s adds a layer of authenticity to the story. ""The Mysteries of Pittsburgh"" appears to target a niche audience, particularly those familiar with the city's culture, which may limit its broader appeal. Despite this, it stands out as an important work for articulating the complexities of identity and relationships in a transitional period of life. Alan Conway's review suggests that while it may not cater to all tastes, those willing to engage with its themes may find it a worthwhile read.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880917_2_106_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880917.2.106.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590414400
6384,17,09,1988,"The Thinking Detective (Press, 17 September 1988)","In a feature published on 17 September 1988, Paul Ben-Itzak of Reuters highlights the intriguing life transition of Josiah Thompson, a San Francisco detective with a unique background in philosophy. Previously a professor at Haverford College in Pennsylvania, Thompson had an academic career that included writing three notable books, among them a biography of Soren Kierkegaard. In 1976, feeling stagnant in his life, Thompson sought a sabbatical in the tranquil town of Bolinas, California, intending to write about Nietzsche. However, his path shifted dramatically when he encountered Hal Lipset, a distinguished private eye in the San Francisco Bay area. This meeting led Thompson to take a surveillance position for $5 an hour, thrusting him into the world of private investigation, an experience he narrates in his recently published book, ""Gumshoe: Reflections in a Private Eye."" In this memoir, Thompson recounts various aspects of his new career, detailing investigations involving murders, kidnappings, drug cases, and blackmail, along with the less glamorous tasks that fill a detective's day. Despite his philosophical roots, Thompson quickly learned that detective work was much more grounded than he anticipated. His first assignment involved surveilling a union leader, which took an unexpectedly perilous turn when he discovered a bullet hole in the window of a cable company office. This moment underscored the seriousness of his new role, transforming the experience from a whimsical adventure into a reality fraught with danger. Over time, Thompson handled various cases, including one involving a businessman whose ex-lover threatened him with a palimony suit. However, a particularly defining moment in his career came when he was tasked with a kidnapping case that led him to India. There, he worked with an Indian detective to apprehend a man who had taken his daughter back to India following the couple's separation. This intense experience allowed Thompson to reflect on the emotional complexities of fatherhood and the ethical dilemmas he faced in his line of work. Thompson acknowledges that his philosophical training does not significantly aid him in the practical aspects of detective work. He states that logic and deduction are not particularly helpful, as cases do not function as neat puzzles. Instead, real detective work requires getting out into the field, stirring the pot, and gathering information through real-world engagement. In his current case, he is focused on proving a client’s innocence in a murder charge by critically analysing ignored witness reports, a task that he insists requires practical skills rather than philosophical insight. Thompson expresses that his primary goal is not merely to uncover who committed a crime but to ensure justice for his client, reflecting a deep concern for the individuals involved rather than an objective search for truth. His journey from academia to the gritty realities of private investigation represents a profound evolution, blending his intellectual background with the harsher truths of human nature and justice.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880917_2_105_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880917.2.105.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590414400
7849,22,09,1988,"Children Killed In Devil Worship, Says M.p. (Press, 22 September 1988)","On 22 September 1988, a Conservative MP, Geoffrey Dickens, made alarming claims about the abuse of children in witchcraft rituals throughout Britain. He alleged that babies and young children are being sacrificed to the Devil in covens, asserting they are often lured, drugged, or brainwashed, and coerced into engaging in degrading sexual acts. Mr Dickens went further to state that, in the most extreme cases, some children are killed as ritual offerings. He highlighted statistics indicating that around 600 children go missing annually in Britain, with at least 50 never being found, suggesting that these disappearances are connected to Satanic practices. He emphasised the difficulty in proving such allegations due to the secretive nature of covens and expressed his intention to compile evidence to substantiate his claims, promising to forward this information to the police. Support for Mr Dickens' claims came from various individuals, including a childcare expert, a former black witch, and a vicar, who substantiated the existence of Satanic rituals involving child abuse. Disturbing testimonies included accounts of women being “mated” with a coven’s high priest leading to unregistered births, with the resulting children sacrificed in rituals. One individual recounted her harrowing experience of being initiated into a coven, including witnessing the rape of a 13-year-old girl and participating in the sacrifice of a nine-day-old infant, with the grisly ritual involving the consumption of the child's blood. Dianne Core, the national organiser of Childwatch, has also been collecting information on the exploitation of children within these groups. She recounted horrific cases where children were drugged, forced to endure degrading treatment, and abused in rituals. Ms Core pointed out that a significant number of disappearances align with major Satanic festivals, suggesting a potential correlation between the two. The serious nature of these allegations has raised concern and calls for action regarding the protection of vulnerable children in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880922_2_141.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880922.2.141,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590846400
6386,22,09,1988,"Homosexual Character To Join Series (Press, 22 September 1988)","The television show ""Thirtysomething,"" which has garnered critical acclaim, is set to introduce a new recurring character described as a gay male in its upcoming season. Kim Reed, the vice-president of publicity for M.G.M./U.A. Television, stated that details about the role remain sparse, with no casting or storyline established thus far. Production for the new season is slated to commence in three weeks, and Reed noted that the introduction of this character may occur later in the season. In addition to this new character, the producers are exploring various subtle changes for the Emmy-winning drama. Although specifics remain unconfirmed, potential developments may include the addition of another semi-regular character, the announcement of a second pregnancy for characters Hope and Michael, and possibly marriage plans for a couple in the series. Fans will have to wait until production begins to learn more about these evolving storylines and characters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880922_2_98_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880922.2.98.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590846400
6985,23,09,1988,"Dancer’s Mission To Motivate Self-esteem (Press, 23 September 1988)","On 23 September 1988, Deborah McPherson reported on Charles Neho, the first artist in residence at the Kingslea Resource Centre in Auckland. Neho, a 25-year-old dancer, expressed his embarrassment over a nickname given to him by local teenagers who teased him for wearing black-tinted glasses, calling him ""tranny"" due to their perception of his appearance. Neho began his six-week residency at Kingslea on a programme initiated by the Social Welfare Department and the Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council’s arts access initiative, designed to foster creativity within the community. During his time at Kingslea, he will work alongside established artists, including Debbie McCullagh of the Limbs Dance Company, choreographer Jamie Bull, and Sarah Franks, director of the Puawai Polynesian Performing Arts scheme. Neho is enthusiastic about using movement as a tool for aiding teenagers in building self-esteem and confidence. He noted the untapped creative energy within the community, suggesting that many young people have potential that has not previously been harnessed. He highlighted that the teenagers at Kingslea are there because they struggle to cope in other environments, and he aims to guide them through learning about movement in a way that resonates with their individual interests and aspirations. Having recently returned from a three-month experience at various dance schools in New York, Neho has a background in dance that spans four years. His journey began in 1984 when he joined a drama and music programme facilitated by the Labour Department in Auckland. This led him to become part of Te Kanikani O Te Rangatahi, a Maori contemporary dance group that continues to tour New Zealand. In 1985, he enrolled in a dance training programme with the Limbs Dance Company, also through a Labour Department scheme, and graduated from the New Zealand School of Dance in 1987, where he received a scholarship to study in New York. Neho's residency at Kingslea signifies an important step in connecting the arts with community development, focusing on the potential of young people to express themselves and find their place through creative movement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880923_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880923.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590932800
6819,23,09,1988,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 23 September 1988)","A puzzling situation arose when Leeza Gibbons, known for her role as a television personality, arrived at Christchurch airport for Telethon in 1988. John Worthington contacted the media after his son received an autograph from Gibbons that read “Leeza Wells,” which baffled him because there was no known connection to that surname in Gibbons's family. After further investigation, it was believed that her signature was likely an abbreviated form of “Gibbons,” with the last three letters contracted, rather than being “Wells.” The odd first letter, initially thought to resemble a 'G,' may in fact be a 'Q,' potentially standing for a name like Quinten, but most speculation favoured Gibbons. Switching to Olympic trivia, the piece highlighted that several couples among Olympic athletes — specifically hammer throwers married to discus throwers, such as Harold and Olga Connolly, Peter and Suzanne Allday, and Howard and Rosemary Payne — all had twins. This curious pattern prompted some reflection on the underlying message it might convey. In a light-hearted mention, a backstory about Gisela Mauermayer, the 1936 Olympic discus champion, was presented. After World War II, she pursued a doctorate by studying ant behaviour, which seemed influenced by her experiences in the competitive sporting environment where social interactions under stress were prevalent. Additionally, an intriguing suggestion was proposed regarding a fictional new Olympic event: team dressage yachting. This whimsical notion was attributed to the creative minds behind Television New Zealand, presenting an amusing thought for sports enthusiasts. A charming tale emerged from a young man’s unfortunate breakdown while driving to Oamaru late on a Tuesday night. After his car broke down on a desolate road, he accidentally locked his keys inside and began to try to unlock the door with No. 8 wire, a resourceful approach typical of Kiwis. Luck was on his side when a bus driver offered him a free ride to the nearest town, Winchester. There, a local garage helped him retrieve his car and tow it back without charging him. Grateful for the kindness, the young man decided to leave a bit of money at the garage as a gesture of appreciation. Lastly, an anecdote concluded the article about a chance encounter at Christchurch airport involving a woman waiting to meet someone who was approached by another asking if she was gay. The hesitant response was met with a humorous twist when she was asked if she was “Gaye Smith,” illustrating the lighter aspects of human connections. Overall, the news story captures a unique blend of intrigue, humour, and warmth surrounding everyday occurrences in New Zealand life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19880923_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880923.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,590932800
7453,03,10,1988,"Women Not Insisting On Condoms (Press, 3 October 1988)","A recent survey published in the October 1988 issue of ""Cosmopolitan"" magazine has revealed alarming trends regarding the sexual behaviour of single women in the wake of the AIDS crisis. Conducted among 21,000 women, with a majority being under the age of 30, the survey found that more than half of the respondents who had sexual encounters with new partners in the past year did not insist on condom use. Specifically, 57 per cent reported not requiring a condom during their first sexual experience with a new man. Moreover, the survey highlighted some concerning attitudes related to sexual risk. Over one-quarter of the women surveyed indicated they would be willing to engage in sexual relations with bisexual men if they considered them to be “special,” significantly increasing their exposure to potential health risks. While more than half of the participants noted changes in their sexual behaviour—38 per cent claimed that sex had become less attractive to them—about a third stated they had not modified their approaches to sexual relationships. Two noteworthy perspectives emerged in the study: 12 per cent regarded the threat of AIDS as negligible and did not feel the need to alter their behaviour, whereas a similar percentage expressed heightened concern, believing that the disease was more widespread than official information suggested, leading them to feel “very worried.” Despite these concerns, the desire for personal connections remained largely unchanged among the women surveyed; only 11 per cent expressed a likelihood of pursuing a long-term commitment sooner than they had previously considered. The findings indicate a complex interplay between awareness of health risks and the emotional dynamics of dating, suggesting that while awareness of AIDS exists, it does not necessarily translate into cautious behaviours among many single women.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881003_2_134.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881003.2.134,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,591796800
7546,06,10,1988,"One Victim A Minute Catching A.i.d.s.? (Press, 6 October 1988)","A recent report from the Panos Institute has highlighted the alarming global spread of the A.I.D.S. virus, which is occurring at an estimated rate of nearly one new infection per minute. The report, titled “A.I.D.S. and the Third World,” predicts that 150,000 new cases of full-blown A.I.D.S. will be documented in 1988, a figure that matches the cumulative total of cases reported since the epidemic began. In New Zealand, there have been 25 cases of A.I.D.S. per million inhabitants, compared to 54 cases per million in Australia. Dr Jonathan Mann, the director of the World Health Organisation’s A.I.D.S. programme, indicated in a statement from Vienna that he anticipates around one million new A.I.D.S. cases to be reported over the next five years, aligning with the projections made in the Panos Institute report. Currently, he estimates that there are at least 250,000 reported A.I.D.S. cases globally, with between five million and 10 million people infected with the H.I.V. virus—though asymptomatic. A.I.D.S., or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, compromises the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to diseases. The primary modes of transmission are through sexual contact and the sharing of syringes among drug users, as well as through unscreened blood transfusions in some countries. As of mid-1988, 176 countries had joined the World Health Organisation’s reporting network for A.I.D.S., with 138 countries confirming cases of the disease and 151 forming national A.I.D.S. committees. French Guiana is reported as the worst-affected area, with 113 A.I.D.S. cases among its population of 82,000. Among the 20 countries most affected by A.I.D.S., 19 are located in Africa or the Caribbean. The United States ranks fifth, reporting 65,780 cases within a population of approximately 243.8 million. Switzerland leads in Europe among the most affected countries. The report also details a rising trend of countries imposing A.I.D.S.-related entry restrictions for foreigners and citizens returning from abroad. By June 1988, 29 countries had enacted such restrictions—double the number from the previous year. Impacted countries include Belgium, China, Egypt, and the United States, among others. Finland, Israel, Japan, Jamaica, and South Korea were noted to be contemplating similar measures. The findings underscore the urgent need for heightened awareness and action in combating the A.I.D.S. epidemic globally, as well as the social and health implications of increasing restrictions on movement in response to the disease. No cure for A.I.D.S. has yet been discovered, making prevention and awareness critical.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881006_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881006.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,592056000
6387,07,10,1988,"Detectives Cleared Of Homosexual’s Death (Press, 7 October 1988)","The long-standing case of Dr George Duncan's drowning reached a conclusion on 7 October 1988 when a Supreme Court jury acquitted two former vice squad detectives, Michael Kenneth Clayton and John Francis Cawley, of manslaughter charges related to his death. The jury deliberated for 7.5 hours before delivering their unanimous decision for Clayton and a majority decision for Cawley, prompting a muted response from the courtroom filled with spectators and journalists. Dr Duncan, a 41-year-old gay law lecturer, had moved to Australia from England just 45 days before his tragic incident in 1972. His death occurred in a context where homosexuality was illegal, and vice squad officers were known for their aggressive policing of gay activities. The prosecution suggested that Dr Duncan became a victim of a practice known as “poofter-bashing,” where vice squad detectives were alleged to have thrown homosexuals into the River Torrens. Despite earlier investigations by the police and a coroner's inquiry failing to identify those responsible, the case was revisited in 1985 when Michael William O’Shea, a former vice squad detective, provided new evidence. Subsequently, Cawley and Clayton were charged along with another ex-officer, Brian Edwin Hudson. However, the case against Hudson was dismissed prior to trial. The prosecution's case rested on allegations that Cawley and Clayton, along with two others, had thrown Dr Duncan and two other individuals into the river following a farewell party for a colleague on 10 May 1972. Dr Duncan’s body was recovered the following morning but reportedly had been thrown back into the river for television footage. Throughout the trial, the defence counsel for both Cawley and Clayton did not present a case. Following the verdict, both men expressed relief, although they declined to provide comments to the media immediately. Their legal representative, David Smith, affirmed that justice had been served after a challenging 16-year process, indicating a sense of closure for the accused.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881007_2_93_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881007.2.93.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,592142400
6388,13,10,1988,"A.I.D.S. Statistics (Press, 13 October 1988)","In a letter published on 13 October 1988, Varian J. Wilson expressed concerns regarding the rising number of A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand, noting a reported rate of 25 cases per million inhabitants. Wilson pointed out that a significant majority of these cases, 69 out of 70, were linked to homosexual transmission, including those from blood transfusions. He recalled that A.I.D.S. garnered considerable media attention during the push for homosexual law reforms in the country, where the promotion of ""gay"" rights was presented as a virtue related to managing the health crisis. Wilson argued that had there been stricter controls over known infected homosexuals returning to New Zealand, the number of cases would likely be much lower. He contrasted New Zealand's approach to A.I.D.S. with that of 32 other nations, including the United States and the Soviet Union, which enforced entry restrictions on foreigners and returning citizens to mitigate the threat. He conveyed his fear that A.I.D.S. posed a significant danger to the national health system, yet felt that media education about the disease remained focused on the perspectives of victims who were predominantly associated with a particular sexual orientation. In conclusion, Wilson advocated for the implementation of stricter barriers to protect public health, while arguing that these measures should not be as extreme as those employed for more virulent diseases like foot and mouth disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881013_2_74_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881013.2.74.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,592660800
7547,13,10,1988,"Yugosla-via's Puring Standstill Spurs Company... (Press, 13 October 1988)","On 13 October 1988, a senior member of Yugoslavia’s ruling Communist Party Politburo, Stefan Korosec, indicated that a significant purge within the party was imminent, with a meeting scheduled for the following Monday to address ongoing ethnic unrest and severe economic challenges in the country. Korosec remarked that a list of senior officials slated for dismissal would be compiled by Sunday. He suggested that while some members may resign voluntarily, others would be removed due to their accountability for the nation's troubling circumstances. The Belgrade newspaper ""Politika"" echoed Korosec's sentiments, hinting at the potentially extensive nature of this purge. The article emphasised the urgency of the political situation, which had been exacerbated by widespread demonstrations against ethnic tensions and economic hardships, along with allegations of political corruption. These factors had raised concerns about the possibility of a state of emergency being declared. Currently, Yugoslavia is facing a staggering inflation rate of 217 per cent, alongside significant ethnic conflicts, particularly between the dominant Serbian population and other ethnic groups. The country consists of six republics: Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Macedonia. Tensions have been particularly intense in Kosovo Province, where Serbs claim to be victims of harassment by the Albanian population. This political turbulence represents the most serious challenge to the Communist leadership since the death of former President Josip Broz Tito in 1980. It has prompted moments of unprecedented political upheaval, exemplified by recent events in Vojvodina Province, where large-scale protests resulted in the ousting of local party officials. However, a similar attempt to instigate change in Montenegro was met with resistance, as paramilitary police intervened, receiving support from non-Serbian leaders. Overall, this anticipated political purge within the Communist Party underscores a critical juncture for Yugoslavia as it navigates through significant ethnic divisions and economic turmoil that have come to a head, posing challenges to the stability of its governing institutions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881013_2_55_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881013.2.55.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,592660800
6820,19,10,1988,"Bound For Botany Bay (Press, 19 October 1988)","The Elmwood Players are set to open their latest production, ""Female Transport,"" tonight, showcasing an Australian theme. Written by Australian playwright Steve Gooch, the play explores the lives of six female convicts en route to Botany Bay. The characters include a variety of individuals: a bold pickpocket, two prostitutes with different levels of experience, a rebellious woman charged for assaulting the law, an older lesbian who manipulates the unemployed, and a sixth woman reluctantly taking on the role of the matron. The story follows five of these women as they arrive in the blinding sunshine of Sydney, depicting their shared experiences of close confinement, each affected in different ways by their harsh environment. The director, Doug Clarke, describes the play as having coarse dialogue with themes of savagery, rebellion, apathy, and despair. The cast includes Sonya Williams as Charlotte, Erolia Ifopo as Sarah, Justine Whitaker as Winnie, Alison James as Nance, Sandra Wilson as Pitty, Amanda Shields as Madge, Paul Burns as Tommy, John Howden as the Captain, Douglas Shields as the Surgeon, and Steven Murray as the Sergeant. This production replaces the anticipated show ""Oh What a Lovely War,"" which was dropped due to casting issues. Doug Clarke is familiar with ""Female Transport,"" having directed it previously in 1975. The play will run for ten nights from the opening tonight until 29 October, with performances on October 22, but excluding Monday, 23 October. In a notable change, the Elmwood Playhouse has undergone renovations to transform it into a more intimate setting with tiered seating and a lower stage, marking a departure from its traditional theatre layout. This renovation was part of the Elmwood Players' celebration of their fortieth anniversary, which included redecorating the venue and installing new heating. The Elmwood Playhouse, originally a Sunday School hall, has a rich history of hosting a diverse range of productions over the last four decades, including various dramas, comedies, modern classics, and New Zealand premieres. The extensive rebuilding efforts required significant volunteer work and have enhanced both the technical capabilities and the foyer of the theatre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881019_2_112_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881019.2.112.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593179200
7223,19,10,1988,"Three Share Nobel In Medicine (Press, 19 October 1988)","On 18 October 1988, the Nobel Prize for Medicine was awarded jointly to Sir James Black, Gertrude Elion, and George Hitchings for their significant contributions to the development of new drugs for various diseases, including AIDS. The prize, worth 400,000 Swedish kronor (approximately NZ$652,000), was presented by Sweden's Karolinska Institute, which noted that their research laid vital groundwork for medicines targeting a wide range of disorders such as leukemia, malaria, viral infections, and gout. The citation highlighted pivotal research carried out in the late 1940s by Elion and Hitchings at the Wellcome laboratories in North Carolina. Their investigations elucidated the differences between healthy cells and cancerous ones, establishing a scientific basis for developing drugs that could selectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells and harmful organisms. One of the most notable applications of their research was the development of azidothymidine (AZT), a drug that has been effective in treating AIDS, a condition that severely compromises the immune system. Elion (70) and Hitchings (83) were previously credited for creating acyclovir in 1977, a drug that effectively inhibits the herpes virus. Their earlier work facilitated advancements that ultimately led to the development of AZT, significantly impacting AIDS treatment by slowing the progression of the virus. Sir James Black (64), affiliated with King’s College Hospital in London, pioneered the field of beta-blockers that help reduce heart workload by lowering oxygen supply. He and his team developed pronethalol in 1962, followed by propranolol in 1964, both contributing to treatments for angina and myocardial infarction. More recently, Black’s research resulted in cimmetidine, which has provided new options for treating peptic ulcers. The Nobel Prize awarded to Black, Elion, and Hitchings was the third of this year’s six Nobel Prizes. Earlier, the United Nations peacekeeping forces had received the Peace Prize, and Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz was recognised for literature. The announcement for the Economics award was expected shortly by the Swedish Academy of Sciences, with the winners of the Physics and Chemistry prizes to be revealed the following day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881019_2_80_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881019.2.80.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593179200
7193,20,10,1988,"A.I.D.S. Victims Facing ‘unnecessary Suffering' (Press, 20 October 1988)","On 20 October 1988, concerns were raised by the People With A.I.D.S. Collective regarding the treatment of A.I.D.S. patients in New Zealand. The organisation claimed that some doctors were disregarding established international findings, resulting in unnecessary suffering for their patients. According to spokesman Daniel Fielding, the collective believed that certain medical professionals were continuing with questionable treatment methods, leading to a detrimental impact on A.I.D.S. patients' health, particularly concerning A.I.D.S.-related infections that caused a gradual degeneration of their condition. Fielding pointed out that communication with A.I.D.S. organisations in cities such as New York, San Francisco, Vancouver, and Melbourne, as well as updates from the Centre for Disease Control in Atlanta, supported their claims. They argued that effective preventive treatments for infections were crucial in fighting the A.I.D.S. epidemic. Notably, one of the most common and serious infections associated with A.I.D.S. was Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (P.C.P.), which, while treatable, could recur in patients. The group emphasised that such repeated infections could severely weaken patients, ultimately leading them to abandon their fight against the virus. Fielding indicated that P.C.P. could often be prevented through a course of preventive therapy, yet he highlighted that many New Zealand doctors were failing to prescribe these essential drugs even after instances of P.C.P. had occurred. He noted that since 1987, the collective had been attempting to make medical professionals aware that the recurrence of P.C.P. could be prevented. Although some doctors were receptive to their pleas, many remained sceptical, citing a lack of concrete evidence despite evidence indicating that patients on preventive therapies were faring better than those who were not. The report noted that as of that time, there were 91 reported cases of full-blown A.I.D.S. in New Zealand, with 40 individuals still alive, approximately half of whom were affected by P.C.P. The collective expressed frustration that those doctors who adhered to preventive treatment were not actively encouraging their peers to do the same. While Dr. Trevor Gebbie from Wellington Hospital refrained from commenting on the treatment issue, he acknowledged that the People With A.I.D.S. Collective had access to remarkably current information on A.I.D.S. treatments. Meanwhile, Richard Meech, chairman of the medical and scientific sub-committee on A.I.D.S., explained that various antibiotics could be utilised for preventive treatment, but the effectiveness of such therapies was still a matter of debate, reliant on retrospective rather than prospective studies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881020_2_114.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881020.2.114,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593265600
7164,21,10,1988,"Christchurch Gets New A.I.D.S. Clinic (Press, 21 October 1988)","On 21 October 1988, the A.I.D.S. Foundation's new clinic in Christchurch was officially opened by the Minister of Health, Mr Caygill. Named the Ettie Rout clinic, it is the third clinic established by the foundation, joining the Awhina clinic in Wellington and the Bruce Burnett clinic in Auckland. The clinic aims to provide counselling, testing, and education for individuals living with the H.I.V. infection, as well as their partners and relatives, as stated by the Christchurch regional co-ordinator, Mr Ian Smith. Mr Smith highlighted the significance of naming the clinic after Ettie Rout, a notable figure from Christchurch who campaigned during World War I for the distribution of condoms to New Zealand troops to combat high rates of venereal disease. This historical link aligns with the foundation's current focus on promoting safe sexual practices, particularly through the use of condoms. The clinic's inauguration coincided with the foundation's annual conference, which took place in Christchurch that year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881021_2_91_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881021.2.91.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593352000
6389,22,10,1988,"Duty Before Votes—caygill (Press, 22 October 1988)","On 22 October 1988, the Minister of Health, Mr Caygill, addressed the important balance between appealing to “moral majority” voters and advancing safe sexual practices at the opening of the Ettie Rout A.I.D.S. Clinic in Christchurch. He expressed his personal reluctance to promote condom usage but acknowledged the necessity of doing so if it is the best public health measure to combat the A.I.D.S. virus, which he noted is fatal. Mr Caygill highlighted the significance of making informed decisions based on medical and scientific evidence in the fight against A.I.D.S. He commended the efforts of individuals involved in the New Zealand A.I.D.S. Foundation and paid tribute to the work of its board member, Mr Alastair Hall. Hall challenged Caygill to address concerns regarding the restricted access to effective treatments available overseas, including aerosol pentamidine, Al 721, and IV Vitamin C, among others. He emphasised the need for social change regarding attitudes towards the homosexual community, intravenous drug users, the specific needs of the Māori community, and advocated for the provision of condoms in prisons. Responding to Hall's concerns, Mr Caygill stated he would consider the issues raised about medication and reiterated the necessity of heeding advice from those experienced in dealing with A.I.D.S. He indicated a willingness to pursue the issue of condom availability in prisons in collaboration with the A.I.D.S. Council. Mr Caygill reflected on the urgency of addressing A.I.D.S., recalling the often-prejudical views of society in relation to sexual health issues. He noted that Ettie Rout, a historical figure known for her controversial campaign promoting condom use among World War I soldiers, faced similar societal contempt, being dubbed the “wickedest woman in the world” by an English bishop. Despite the stigma surrounding her efforts, Rout ran a campaign that ultimately protected many New Zealand soldiers from venereal diseases, exemplifying an early battle against sexual health stigma. The opening ceremony of the clinic included a Māori prayer and concluded with Mr Caygill receiving a bouquet of helium-filled coloured condoms as a light-hearted memento of the occasion. The Ettie Rout A.I.D.S. Clinic, located at 453 Montreal Street, aims to provide vital information, support, and counselling services to those affected by A.I.D.S. and to promote safer sexual practices within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881022_2_63.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881022.2.63,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593438400
7405,22,10,1988,"Explicit A.I.D.S. Campaign (Press, 22 October 1988)","On 22 October 1988, the New Zealand Health Department launched a new A.I.D.S. prevention campaign that employed frank and explicit messaging aimed at conveying essential health information. The campaign, set to run for three weeks, utilises various media including newspapers, radio, and television to reach a wide audience. Patricia Poynter, a health education officer in Wellington, stated that the department felt it necessary to risk offending some individuals to deliver a clear and impactful message about A.I.D.S. awareness and prevention. The campaign marked a significant shift from prior efforts which had faced criticism for being too vague or ambiguous. Two years earlier, a controversial advertisement featuring a person jumping from an aeroplane without a parachute had been particularly unpopular, as it obscured the intended message of using condoms. In contrast, the 1988 campaign is described as the most hard-hitting to date, directly promoting the use of condoms as a preventive measure against A.I.D.S. The advertisements included five television spots, three newspaper ads, and three radio messages, all stressing the importance of condom usage. One notable television advertisement features a couple discussing the need for a condom just before having intercourse, concluding with the impactful line that “no-one ever died of embarrassment.” Another advertisement depicts a teenage girl explaining to her friend the mixed feelings her mother had upon discovering a condom in her bag, reinforcing that while it might be awkward, taking precautions against A.I.D.S. is important. A radio ad presents a man recounting how his friends brag about their sexual conquests until one friend becomes a cautionary tale after contracting A.I.D.S., highlighting the stark realities of the disease. Additional promotional materials, aimed at sports clubs, bars, and universities, include a sticker with the slogan “If you don’t wear this, Joe, you’re a Dick,” intended to provoke thought and discussion among young adults. Both Dr Karen Poutasi, the department’s chief health officer, and Dr Ivan Patel, the principal medical officer for communicable disease programmes, acknowledged that while the campaign might be offensive to some, delivering a blunt message about A.I.D.S. transmission and protection is crucial. Dr Patel indicated that New Zealand's A.I.D.S. incidence rate was on par with that of Britain and some Australian regions, with 93 reported cases of A.I.D.S. and 382 individuals testing positive for the H.I.V. antibody. He stressed that these figures represent only the beginning of a broader problem, alluding to the potential for many more unreported cases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881022_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881022.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593438400
6821,24,10,1988,"Prime-tv Lesbian Porn Ban (Press, 24 October 1988)","On 24 October 1988, France’s legal oversight body, the Council of State, issued a ban on a lesbian pornographic film from being broadcast during prime-time hours, specifically threatening a fine of one million francs (approximately $263,247) if the film was aired before 10.30 p.m. The private television channel, La Cinq, had intended to air ""Joy and Joan,"" directed by Jacques Saurel, at 8.30 p.m. This film was the third in a series of adult films scheduled to be shown in prime time. However, a reviewing committee deemed that showing the film would ""show disrespect for childhood and adolescence,"" leading La Cinq to announce a rescheduling. The controversy followed a previous broadcast of the American film ""Joy,"" which had aired a week earlier and successfully attracted 20 per cent of all French television viewers, setting a record for La Cinq, which had been in operation for three years. This surge in viewership, however, drew criticism from television watchdogs, who accused the channel of exploiting sexual content to boost its audience ratings. Despite the backlash, La Cinq's managing director noted that only seven viewers out of the seven million who watched ""Joy"" had lodged complaints about its content. Furthermore, it was reported that nearly all of the five major French television channels provide weekly ""sexy"" programming during late-night hours.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881024_2_84.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881024.2.84,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593611200
6390,26,10,1988,"Bondage Photos Concern Tribunal (Press, 26 October 1988)","On 26 October 1988, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand expressed its growing apprehension regarding homosexual magazines that feature images related to bondage, domination, and sadomasochism. The tribunal indicated that several magazines, which might otherwise be deemed acceptable under existing indecent publications legislation, had been classified as unconditionally indecent due to such content. This assessment came amidst the tribunal's recent rulings on over 40 publications, highlighting a consistent concern about the inclusion of bondage and sado-masochism imagery in these magazines. Among the specific publications addressed, the tribunal ruled that magazines such as ""Toy"" and ""Bound To Serve, A Servant's Error"" lacked any perceived literary, artistic, or social value and were detrimental to public welfare. The tribunal also evaluated ""Male October,"" specifically a 1986 issue, noting its predominance of single male nude photographs; however, it expressed alarm regarding the magazine’s portrayal of bondage and intimate groups of nude males. Consequently, all three of these magazines were classified as unconditionally indecent. In another notable case, the tribunal rejected the arguments presented by a magazine importer concerning a gay magazine that depicted bondage and sado-masochism. This magazine, ""Drummer"" issue 116, was likewise deemed unconditionally indecent. Further assessments found nine issues of the magazine ""Honcho"" to also be unconditionally indecent. The tribunal remarked that despite the magazine's obvious target audience of male homosexuals, its content was deemed ""unrestrained, coarse, and offensive."" Overall, the tribunal's rulings underscored a significant concern regarding the graphic representation of bondage and sado-masochism in homosexual publications, reflecting a broader apprehension about the influence and implications of such materials on society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881026_2_105.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881026.2.105,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593784000
6986,26,10,1988,"Transvestite Misadventure (Press, 26 October 1988)","In Christchurch, a man was deceived by a transvestite who he mistook for a woman and invited to his home, leading to a theft of approximately $200. The incident occurred on a Friday night at around 11 p.m., when the man encountered the transvestite, whom he believed to be a prostitute. After taking him home, the man discovered that the individual was male. Following this revelation, he called a taxi for the transvestite. However, after the guest left, the homeowner noticed that money was missing from his bedroom. Initially thinking he could rest uneasily, he went to bed, only to discover the following morning that his house had been burglarised. It appeared that the entry point for the theft was a window, which the transvestite may have left open upon departure. The police are seeking a person of interest in the case, describing him as a Māori man, approximately 178 cm tall, with a chubby face. He was noted to have been wearing leopard-patterned leotards, black high-heeled shoes, and inexpensive jewellery.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881026_2_27.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881026.2.27,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593784000
6987,28,10,1988,"Bail On Razor Charge (Press, 28 October 1988)","On 28 October 1988, two men, Michael Glen Morgan (19) and Clint William Bugg (17), were remanded to appear in court on 13 February 1989 after being charged in connection with an incident involving a cutthroat razor at the Town Hall on 19 October. The District Court heard from Detective-Sergeant Ray Homan, who stated that bail was no longer opposed for the men, who had been in custody for a week. As a condition of their bail, both were required to observe a residential curfew. Additionally, Morgan was instructed to report to police weekly and was prohibited from contacting his alleged co-offender, the victim Peter John Thornton, and any witnesses. The charges against them include armed robbery of Thornton, from whom they allegedly took three sets of keys and approximately $5. Morgan also faces charges of possessing the razor with intent to instil fear and assaulting Thornton while in possession of the weapon, which resulted in a minor flesh wound that did not necessitate hospitalisation. Additionally, a separate case involved Rickey Mason (26), who faced serious charges for allegedly assaulting Tania Parata and threatening her with scissors during a domestic incident in Bryndwr on 26 October. Bail was opposed due to the serious nature of the allegations and the complainant’s fears for her safety and that of her child. Judge Bisphan refused bail, and Mason was remanded in custody until 3 November for a defended hearing. In another case, Teodora Palmeri (20), an Italian-born woman, was charged with possessing heroin after her arrest at Christchurch Airport. Bail was granted subject to the condition that she surrender her passport, and she was remanded without plea until 3 November. Furthermore, a transvestite, Caine Lupo (21), also known as Shane Philip Harrison, was convicted and fined $100 for stealing a wallet containing $71 from a man in Cathedral Square. Lupo was also ordered to pay $91 in compensation for the theft. Lastly, six individuals were charged with trespassing at the United States Navy base at Christchurch Airport. Three of these protesters admitted to the offence and were fined $100 each, while the remaining three were remanded for a defended hearing scheduled for December.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881028_2_74_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881028.2.74.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593956800
6391,28,10,1988,"Referendums (Press, 28 October 1988)","In a letter published on 28 October 1988, Bill Barry contends that true democracy is achieved when a government heeds the will of the majority that elected it. He argues that the current government has failed to live up to this democratic principle and suggests that democracy can be restored, regardless of the Prime Minister's identity. Barry advocates for the implementation of an initiative referendum system, proposing that it empowers citizens to participate in decisions that impact their lives and serves as a check on potential government overreach. He criticises the existing referendum process, asserting that it often allows governments to disregard public opinion, as demonstrated by the ignored results of a petition concerning homosexual rights. He cites Switzerland as a successful example, where the initiative referendum has been a standard part of governance for over a century, contributing to its stability and prosperity. Barry's letter calls for a more accountable and participatory democratic process in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881028_2_67_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881028.2.67.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,593956800
7548,29,10,1988,"H.i.v. Tests Compulsory For Many Countries (Press, 29 October 1988)","As of 29 October 1988, the Panos Institute reported a significant increase in the number of countries imposing restrictions related to human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.) testing. In total, 24 countries now require H.I.V. tests for all or some visitors, while 15 nations conduct mandatory testing on their own citizens. This surge indicates that the number of countries with such measures has more than doubled in just one year. Many countries mandating these tests expect them to be conducted in the traveler's home country. A positive result from these required tests typically leads to deportation or denial of visas. Instances of deportation due to positive H.I.V. tests have been documented in several countries, including India, China, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, and South Yemen. Additionally, the United States mandates H.I.V. tests for all immigrant visa applicants. Other nations such as Belgium, West Germany, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Egypt, Poland, and the Philippines have also implemented testing requirements for students and those seeking work permits or residency. The Panos Institute's findings highlight a critical issue with such testing; individuals who have been recently exposed to H.I.V. may not test positive immediately, as it can take up to a year for exposure to be detected. Moreover, a small percentage of individuals can test positive despite not having any contact with the virus. In New Zealand, an Immigration Department spokesperson noted that nearly all applicants for permanent residency are required to undergo medical examinations in their countries of origin, which are expected to reveal any H.I.V. or A.I.D.S. infection. While cases of A.I.D.S. or H.I.V. would be evaluated individually, factors like the applicant's relationship with New Zealand citizens could influence decisions. There are limited exceptions to these medical requirements, such as spouses of New Zealand citizens and children automatically entitled to citizenship through adoption. The Panos Institute's publication also pointed out that some countries have adopted compulsory H.I.V. testing for their citizens, with Bulgaria and Cuba planning to test all citizens by 1990. The U.S. also conducts tests for military service volunteers, immigrants, and refugees. Additionally, countries like West Germany, Iceland, South Africa, and Sweden have legal provisions that allow for the isolation or detention of individuals who test positive for H.I.V.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881029_2_70.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881029.2.70,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594043200
6392,31,10,1988,"A.I.D.S. Campaign (Press, 31 October 1988)","On 31 October 1988, Varian J. Wilson expressed strong criticism of New Zealand's A.I.D.S. prevention campaign, which he deemed both ineffective and offensive. He argued that while New Zealanders sought direct and honest information about A.I.D.S., the campaign failed to address the realities of homosexual activity, focusing instead on heterosexual scenarios. Wilson pointed out that the majority of the 93 reported A.I.D.S. cases in New Zealand were linked to homosexuals who had contracted the disease overseas. He suggested that the apparent lack of A.I.D.S. cases in certain Pacific nations, despite their known sexual practices, indicated a lack of direct connection between homosexuality and the disease's spread. He also mentioned that A.I.D.S. seemed to have originated in California, propelled by promiscuous behaviour within specific communities, particularly in locations known for vibrant nightlife and sexual exploration, such as the Caribbean. Wilson's letter called for a more inclusive and honest approach to A.I.D.S. awareness that acknowledges all demographics affected by the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881031_2_103_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881031.2.103.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594212400
6822,01,11,1988,"Bones Of Yeats Or French Pauper? (Press, 1 November 1988)","The story surrounding the grave of renowned Irish poet W. B. Yeats has taken a bizarre turn, as a new biography suggests that his coffin may contain the remains of French paupers instead of the poet himself. This theory arises from the account of painter Hanna Gluck, as recounted in the biography by English writer Diana Souhami, which cites previously unpublished letters. In June 1948, Gluck visited Yeats's grave in Roquebrune, France, and claimed that Yeats had been mistakenly buried in a pauper's grave instead of the one requested by his wife, Mrs George Yeats, which was intended for a 10-year tenure. According to Gluck, multiple bodies were added to the pauper's grave, and the remains were eventually transferred to a common ossuary, leading her to suggest it could be impossible to reconstruct Yeats's remains if he were indeed initially buried there. This prompted speculation about the identity of the remains at his final resting place in Drumcliff, County Sligo, where Yeats was later interred in 1948. Yeats’s family vehemently denied these claims, with his son, Michael, asserting that the allegations were ""the greatest nonsense"" and accusing the publishers of exploiting Yeats’s legacy for publicity. Together with his sister Anne, they released a detailed statement clarifying the circumstances surrounding their father's exhumation. They confirmed that Mrs Yeats had communicated her intent to repatriate her husband's remains to Ireland, and they were involved in lengthy negotiations with shipping companies that caused delays in exhumation until after World War II. The family asserted that Mrs Yeats, a capable woman fluent in French, arranged for a 10-year lease on a grave plot in France. Upon discovering that the body was moved, she promptly contacted the French authorities, which resulted in Yeats’s exhumation in March 1948. They emphasised that the exhumation was conducted with utmost care and oversight, involving the local mayor, police officials, and medical experts to ensure the identity of the remains. Michael and Anne were determined to confirm that they had indeed buried the correct body, dispelling any theories regarding the remains of another individual being present in Yeats's grave. Yeats, who was born in Dublin in 1865 and won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1923, had specifically requested to be buried in Drumcliff, a location intertwined with his familial history. He expressed this preference in a poem completed on the brink of his death, which includes an epitaph reflective of his contemplations on life and mortality. As a prominent figure in Irish literature and politics, Yeats's resting place continues to attract admiration and veneration, making the recent claims particularly troubling for his family and his legacy.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881101_2_137_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881101.2.137.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594298800
6393,02,11,1988,"A.I.D.S. Risk For Women In Normal Sex Is Low:... (Press, 2 November 1988)","According to research conducted by Dutch doctors at the University Hospital in Rotterdam, the risk of women contracting the A.I.D.S. virus through normal sexual intercourse with infected men may be significantly lower than previously believed. The study, which was a three-year follow-up, focused on the wives of 13 haemophiliacs who were infected with H.I.V. (the virus responsible for A.I.D.S.) via contaminated blood products. During the study, it was observed that in 11 couples, unprotected sexual intercourse occurred between 1563 and 2520 times, with an additional 942 to 1252 instances of intercourse using condoms. Despite this high frequency of sexual activity, there were no reported cases of the men transmitting the virus to their wives. A British A.I.D.S. expert, who preferred to remain unnamed due to his position as a government adviser, commented on the findings, noting that similar data exists in the UK, suggesting that the period of infectivity for those with the virus might be limited to just a few days following exposure and during the later stages of A.I.D.S. The expert posited that it is possible for a single sexual partner to remain uninfected for several years. However, he pointed out that individuals who engage with many partners face greater risks of coming into contact with someone who is in an infectious phase of the virus. The Dutch researchers, reporting in the British Medical Journal, also noted that the haemophiliac men exhibited varied stages of H.I.V. infection, with some progressing to A.I.D.S. over a span of three to five years. They confirmed that none of the partners tested positive for H.I.V. antibodies at any point during the study period and denied any involvement in homosexual contacts or intravenous drug use. The researchers concluded that the rate of H.I.V. transmission among the study group— regardless of condom usage— was below one in 1000. They stated that in the absence of additional risk factors such as intravenous drug use or homosexual contacts, the transmission of H.I.V. from men to women during vaginal intercourse is infrequent.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881102_2_107_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881102.2.107.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594385200
6394,02,11,1988,"Experts Rubbish Report (Press, 2 November 1988)","Auckland A.I.D.S. experts have dismissed a recent overseas study suggesting that women engaging in unprotected sex with infected men are at minimal risk. The study, conducted by researchers at Rotterdam’s University Hospital, focused on the wives of 13 haemophiliacs infected with the A.I.D.S. virus. The researchers concluded that 11 couples had engaged in unprotected sex up to 2,520 times while using condoms in 1,252 instances, reporting no evidence of wives being infected. In contrast, Auckland Hospital’s haemotologist, Elisabeth Berry, highlighted that international studies have indicated up to 30 per cent of the wives of A.I.D.S.-infected haemophiliacs contracted the virus, with rates varying globally. In South America, the rate approached 30 per cent, while New Zealand currently has around seven women married to H.I.V. positive haemophiliacs, with none having contracted the virus so far. Berry noted that the risk of infection is influenced by the progression of the virus in the infected partner and the susceptibility of the non-infected partner. Warren Lindberg, director of the A.I.D.S. foundation, added that the likelihood of infection increases significantly if the infected partner has full-blown A.I.D.S. Additionally, the presence of sexually transmitted diseases in the non-infected partner can further heighten the risk due to a compromised immune system. Lindberg pointed out that while a single non-infected partner might remain free from the virus for years, those with multiple partners face a higher chance of encountering someone in an infectious stage. He critiqued the Rotterdam study's size, considering it unrepresentative, and observed that the women involved were likely to be at lower risk as none were intravenous drug users, and the husbands had not engaged in homosexual encounters. The debate highlights the complexity and variability of A.I.D.S. transmission dynamics, stressing that health warnings should consider a range of factors beyond the specific circumstances of small studies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881102_2_122.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881102.2.122,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594385200
7756,04,11,1988,"‘fast Forward’ Back On Screen (Press, 4 November 1988)","On 4 November 1988, the television programme ""Fast Forward"" premiered its new season by exploring innovative technologies, particularly at the N.A.S.A. Ames Research Centre in California. The episode featured scientists developing a helmet-mounted display aimed at enhancing the experience of flight simulators. This technology has the potential to allow users to virtually navigate remote environments without physical presence, paving the way for applications such as robot remote control and telesurgery. This latter concept involves robots being able to perform surgical procedures on astronauts in space while mimicking a surgeon's hand movements on Earth. The insights shared in the episode were sourced during ""Fast Forward's"" three-week tour across Canada and the United States earlier in the year. Additionally, the programme provided an update on the story of Eve van Grafhorst, a young Australian girl whose story captured the attention of New Zealanders in 1986. Born prematurely and exposed to the A.I.D.S. virus through a contaminated blood transfusion, Eve and her family faced significant societal backlash. Their community reacted fearfully, leading to Eve's exclusion from kindergarten and limited play opportunities. Despite her parents' efforts to communicate that she posed no risk, the family's situation became untenable, prompting their relocation to New Zealand. ""Fast Forward"" revisited the van Grafhorst family to assess their well-being after their move. The episode also showcased the Great Barrier Reef, renowned as one of the world’s natural wonders and the largest living structure visible from space. It is home to a vast array of biodiversity, comprising nearly 10,000 species of plant and animal life, making it a complex and productive ecosystem. The challenges inherent in recreating such an ecosystem on land or offshore were highlighted. In this context, an aquarium in Townsville, Australia, was featured for its efforts to emulate the reef's extraordinary habitat while maintaining a balance of care for its varied inhabitants. Lastly, the episode introduced the Logwalker, an innovative machine designed to transport logs from small, isolated wood-lots in a cost-efficient manner. Unlike conventional machinery, this unique design features large ""feet"" instead of wheels or tracks, allowing it to achieve traction in a novel way. Collectively, the stories presented in this episode of ""Fast Forward"" captured advances in technology alongside personal narratives of resilience and environmental stewardship.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881104_2_61_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881104.2.61.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594558000
7376,05,11,1988,"‘Upside Down’ Book Has Facts Out Of... (Press, 5 November 1988)","On 5 November 1988, leaders from Auckland's Pacific Island communities expressed strong criticism of a new book titled ""The World Upside Down,"" written by Father Felix Donnelly, a social worker and Catholic priest. In his publication, Donnelly suggested that certain Pacific Island cultures tolerate violence against young people, specifically linking corporal punishment employed in Island families to a purportedly high rate of violent crime among Pacific Islanders. Western Samoa consul Afamasaga Toleafoa vehemently opposed Donnelly’s assertions, arguing that he should refrain from making rash generalisations about another culture. Toleafoa acknowledged that while Samoans do utilise corporal punishment as a means of discipline, he refrained from characterising this practice as violence. He explained that such disciplinary actions are typically administered with care and love, stating, ""90 per cent of the time it is done properly."" He also refuted Donnelly’s claim that Island churches are diminishing in influence, noting that a new Samoan church opens every month and that the church continues to play a significant role in the community. Toleafoa referenced Biblical verses that support corporal punishment, questioning whether society is truly better off moving away from traditional disciplinary methods. In addition to Toleafoa’s comments, Sefulu Ioane, the director of the Pacific Islands Educational Resource Centre, expressed his distress over Donnelly's claims, labelling them as “cheeky” and claiming that no church in the Islands endorses violence. Ioane stated that Donnelly lacks understanding of the Pacific Island cultural context, further dismissing the notion that violence is condoned by their communities. This discourse highlights tensions between cultural practices surrounding discipline and external perceptions of those practices, particularly in regard to violence and church influence within Pacific Island communities in New Zealand. The reactions from community leaders illustrate a strong desire to defend their cultural integrity against what they perceive as misinformed and damaging assertions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881105_2_135.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881105.2.135,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594644400
7549,05,11,1988,"A.i.d.s. Drama Won Awards (Press, 5 November 1988)","In a poignant drama titled ""Sweet As You Are,"" which airs on One on Sunday at 8.30 p.m., the life of polytechnic lecturer Martin Perry unravels following a casual affair with one of his students. Initially perceived as a harmless encounter, the situation escalates when Martin is diagnosed as H.I.V. positive. This diagnosis does not just affect him; it brings the reality of A.I.D.S. directly into the lives of his family. Martin's condition poses a severe threat to his wife Julia, their young daughter Katy, and their overall way of life. The show, which has garnered critical acclaim, features Miranda Richardson in the role of Julia. Richardson, previously acclaimed for her performance as Ruth Ellis in ""Dance With a Stranger,"" won the best performer award at the Royal Television Society Programme Awards in London the previous year for her portrayal in this drama. The script, penned by Bill Nicholson, also earned him the writer's award at the same event. Furthermore, ""Sweet As You Are"" secured the special drama award at the Banff Television Festival in Canada, highlighting its impact and the quality of its storytelling. As Martin grapples with his diagnosis, the narrative delves deep into the emotional strain experienced by his family, transforming A.I.D.S. from an abstract statistic to a pressing and personal crisis. The drama promises to explore the complexities of relationships, the stigma surrounding H.I.V., and the fight for understanding and acceptance amidst hardship. The ultimately heartbreaking and thought-provoking theme makes it a significant piece of television that resonates with the realities faced by many families dealing with similar issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881105_2_110_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881105.2.110.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594644400
7550,07,11,1988,"Compo. For H.i.v. Boy Postponed (Press, 7 November 1988)","On 7 November 1988, the Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) stated that it would only provide financial assistance to a nine-year-old Auckland boy suffering from a complex related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) once he begins to experience symptoms. The child's parents had requested a total of $27,000: $17,000 for permanent impairment and $10,000 for pain, suffering, and loss of enjoyment of life. However, the ACC office in Takapuna denied their claim. The boy, who has haemophilia, contracted HIV from a blood transfusion approximately two years prior. Mr. Warren Templeton, the lawyer for the parents, argued that they should have the right to decide when to disclose their son’s HIV status to him. He indicated that should the review officer agree with the ACC’s decision based on its policy, the family would have the option to appeal to the ACC’s appeal authority to determine the fairness of the policy. Mr. Peter Duncan, the chief legal adviser for the ACC, explained that since the child was unaware of his condition, he was not experiencing any mental, emotional, or social suffering, and had not yet shown any permanent physical impairment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881107_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881107.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,594817200
7406,12,11,1988,"Bnz Introduces A.I.D.S. Policy (Press, 12 November 1988)","On 12 November 1988, the Bank of New Zealand (BNZ) announced a groundbreaking employment policy aimed at preventing discrimination against staff and customers with A.I.D.S. The policy, named “A.I.D.S. and the BNZ,” was designed to protect employees who are antibody positive from adverse reactions from colleagues and patrons. Mr John Leonard, the public relations manager for the bank’s head office, explained that the initiative also sought to educate staff to not discriminate against customers living with A.I.D.S. Key aspects of the policy include that the BNZ will continue to employ individuals diagnosed with A.I.D.S. as long as they are capable of working. The bank will take measures to protect these employees from discrimination by co-workers and the public. An education campaign will be implemented to combat misconceptions and unfounded fears surrounding the disease. Additionally, the confidentiality of employees with A.I.D.S. will be strictly maintained, and their status will not be disclosed without their consent. The policy has been shared with more than 8,500 employees in New Zealand and is also applicable to BNZ branches overseas, including locations in Australia, Fiji, North America, the UK, Singapore, Seoul, Hong Kong, Tokyo, and Dubai. Mr Leonard emphasised the bank's commitment to a high-profile strategy regarding A.I.D.S. to ensure staff are well-prepared to handle any related issues. Although no employees have been directly affected by A.I.D.S. thus far, any staff member who responds negatively to someone with the disease will be offered counselling and educational resources rather than facing disciplinary action. Leonard acknowledged the challenge of identifying someone with A.I.D.S. unless they choose to disclose their condition, but reported that initial responses to the policy from employees have been positive. This initiative is part of a broader “total health care policy” aimed at supporting the well-being of all BNZ staff.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881112_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881112.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595249200
6395,12,11,1988,"Jackie Collins And I (Press, 12 November 1988)","In her review published on 12 November 1988, Diane Prout discusses ""How To Write A Damn Good Novel"" by James N. Frey. The book promises an uncomplicated formula for producing successful novels, suggesting that aspiring writers can easily navigate the complexities of fiction. Frey distils his insights from writing courses into a straightforward equation: Main character plus Goal plus Opposition equals Conflict (M + G + O = C). This simplification and confidence instil an enthusiasm in potential authors, as Frey presents techniques akin to an auto-mechanic's manual, detailing the mechanics of storytelling. Prout highlights Frey’s various strategies for developing characters and crafting narratives, including concepts like “Maximum Capacity and the 'Would-He-Really' Test” and “Patterns of Dramatic Conflict.” He emphasizes the importance of constructing multifaceted characters who face relatable but not inherently evil opposition. For instance, a character such as an elderly detective might have a homosexual nephew and confront drug dealers, but should not exhibit prejudicial attitudes towards single mothers. Frey also provides guidance on maintaining character depth, suggesting they should be grounded in physiological, sociological, and psychological realities, avoiding emotional extremes that deviate from plausible human experience. He encourages writers to craft scenes that realistically reflect human motivations and relationships, creating a blend of aspiration and relatability in character arcs. The review further mentions Frey’s chapters dedicated to the intricacies of dialogue, dramatic prose, and various literary techniques that writers can apply to enhance their narratives. Prout cautions readers, however, about the final chapter titled “The ZEN of Novel Writing,” which presents a sobering reality regarding the social stigma attached to being an unpublished writer. Frey suggests avoiding confessions of being a writer until success is achieved, implying the need for a protective anonymity until reaching a level of recognition akin to achieving a publishing deal or movie script opportunity. Ultimately, the book appears to be an accessible guide for burgeoning novelists, offering practical advice and straightforward strategies, while also motivating them to pursue their aspirations in the literary world. The review captures the essence of Frey's approach and the drive it may inspire among aspiring authors.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881112_2_92_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881112.2.92.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595249200
7850,12,11,1988,"West German Children Practise Occultism At School (Press, 12 November 1988)","The rise of occultism among West German youth has been reported, with some teenagers engaging in occult practices during school breaks. A front-page article in the ""Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung"" highlighted that an estimated 10,000 teens may be involved in activities ranging from seances to animal sacrifices at cemeteries, referred to as ""black sabbaths."" Authorities, including parents and church leaders, have raised concerns about this trend, suggesting it reflects broader societal issues. Hans-Joachim Neuser, a spokesperson for the North-Rhine Westphalia State Culture Ministry, indicated that many teenagers are using occultism similarly to drug use, suggesting that this behaviour is not merely a passing trend but a serious issue. Reports from schools have increased, particularly among religious educators, as many students express fear after engaging in these practices. The practices vary and can involve using pendulums or glasses to contact spirits or conducting rituals that may include animal sacrifices. Factors contributing to this trend include high youth unemployment, broken homes, and general pessimism about the future. An alarming incident in 1987 saw two teenage cult members convicted of murder in a botched group suicide. In another disturbing case, teenagers killed a cat during a black sabbath in Dortmund, which underscored the severity of these occult activities. The Lutheran Church is also expressing concern, with Reverend Walter Schmidt estimating that around 10,000 teenagers are involved in some level of occult practice. This rise in interest in the occult coincides with a decline in adherence to traditional religions among youth. Reverend Hans-Juergen Ruppert urged the need for church youth groups to engage with young people and reinforce their connections to traditional faith, as there is a risk that these youths might completely detach from societal norms and responsibilities. Neuser also warned that this fascination with distant powers could hinder young individuals from developing a healthy sense of values and accountability, as they might attribute their actions to external influences rather than taking responsibility for their behaviour. The trend poses a significant cultural concern for educators, parents, and society at large as they seek to address the underlying causes and prevent further involvement in harmful practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881112_2_133.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881112.2.133,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595249200
7487,14,11,1988,"Not Worth The Bother (Press, 14 November 1988)","On 14 November 1988, gossip columnist David Hartnell reported on various celebrity happenings. Barbra Streisand reportedly declined a lucrative offer of $15 million to star in a one-day Pepsi commercial, stating that she did not require the money. Scott Baio, known for his role in ""Charles in Charge,"" has filed a $5 million lawsuit against Trojan condoms after they allegedly backed out of a deal for Baio to be the spokesman for their ""safe sex"" campaign. Baio claims his contract promised $75,000, but he only received $10,000 after the agreement was cancelled and is now seeking the remainder plus damages. Sylvester Stallone is planning to open a luxury nightclub on Hollywood's Sunset Strip next year, though he insists it will not carry the name ""Rocky's."" Meanwhile, Natalie Cole is working on recording an album featuring her late father's greatest hits. In a lighter moment, Michael Jackson, while visiting the Blarney Stone in Ireland, refused to kiss it, expressing concerns about potential health risks. Cyndi Lauper shared an eerie experience while filming her first movie “Vibes,” claiming she was visited by two ghosts dressed in 18th-century clothing, who conveyed a sense of warmth rather than fear. In a different incident, Tina Yothers, the 15-year-old actress from ""Family Ties,"" found herself in trouble after gambling at a Las Vegas casino. After winning $2,000, she was caught for being underage when a guard requested her identification. Fortunately, she avoided a substantial fine or jail time and chose to donate her winnings to charity. Lastly, Marie Osmond faced backlash from her ex-husband and her Mormon community regarding her decision to propel her five-year-old son, Stevie, into country music with suggestive songs. Despite the uproar, Marie expressed her pride in having another family member perform publicly and stated that she would not hinder her son's ambitions. Dolly Parton is also making headlines, preparing to unveil her own clothing line designed for fuller figures.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881114_2_99_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881114.2.99.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595422000
6823,14,11,1988,"Zany Farce Captures Bizarre Side Of American Life (Press, 14 November 1988)","""Repo Man,"" directed by Alex Cox, is a film that highlights various social issues within the context of contemporary American life through a comedic lens. Set in the dilapidated suburbs of Los Angeles, the narrative follows a young punk named Otto, played by Emilio Estevez, who finds himself in a chaotic world filled with eccentric characters, including punks, a lobotomised scientist, C.I.A. agents, and repo men. The plot revolves around Otto's journey after being fired from his supermarket job, leading him to take an unexpected position as a repo man—a job involving the recovery of cars from owners who have defaulted on payments. The film explores themes of disillusionment and societal decay, as repo men face violence and hostility from disgruntled car owners. Otto, despite his anti-establishment sentiments and his initial instinct to oppose banks, gets drawn into this gritty life, trading his punk identity for a more conventional appearance. The narrative also delves into Otto's home life, showcasing his parents' indifference and blind faith in a TV evangelist, which underscores a critique of consumerism and misplaced priorities. The story further complicates when Otto is tasked with repossessing a car linked to the mysterious disappearance of a scientist, which introduces elements of U.F.O. mythology. The film’s quirky nature culminates in an unexpected ending that evokes a transcendental quality while drawing connections to other cultural phenomena. Despite Alex Cox being an English filmmaker, ""Repo Man"" strikes a chord with American audiences, much like previous foreign filmmakers who critiqued American culture. The film has taken time to reach certain locales, such as Christchurch, where it has garnered interest for its unique take on the bizarre aspects of life. The management of the Metro has played an important role in bringing such off-beat films to wider audiences, having previously showcased various cult classics. As the year 1988 comes to a close, cinema-goers in Christchurch can anticipate a more diverse selection of independent films, ensuring that innovative and critical perspectives on society continue to be explored on screen.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881114_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881114.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595422000
7224,15,11,1988,"Japanese Firm Develops A.I.D.S.-weakening Drag (Press, 15 November 1988)","A Japanese pharmaceutical company, in collaboration with Japan’s National Institute of Health, has announced the development of an experimental drug that shows promising results in test-tube trials against the A.I.D.S. virus. The drug, which has not yet been tested on humans, reportedly weakens the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.), the causative agent of A.I.D.S., to one-ten thousandth of its normal level of infectivity in lymph cells. Details of the research were to be presented at the Society of Japanese Virologists convention in Tokyo. The spokesperson for Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd., the company involved, did not provide an estimate as to when the drug might be available for commercial use. A significant feature of the drug is its potential to be used alongside existing A.I.D.S. treatments, particularly azidotymidine (AZT), which could alleviate some side effects associated with AZT if patients were required to take lower doses. The mechanism of the drug, which contains an antibiotic called deoxynojirimycin (DNM), targets the “thorns” on the virus. These thorns comprise sugars and proteins, and the DNM specifically disrupts the sugar component, hindering the virus's growth. This reduction in growth significantly lowers the likelihood of the virus infecting Helper-T cells, crucial for a robust immune response. Research is also being considered for collaborative clinical tests with the United States National Institutes of Health, highlighting the potential for international research partnership in the fight against A.I.D.S. The gravity of the A.I.D.S. epidemic is underscored by the latest statistics from the World Health Organisation (W.H.O.), which reported nearly 120,000 cases globally by the end of September 1988. Officials, however, suggest that the actual number of infections may be double that figure, with projections estimating that 3 million people could contract A.I.D.S. by 1996, according to Jonathan Mann, who leads W.H.O.'s anti-A.I.D.S. initiatives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881115_2_138_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881115.2.138.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595508400
7824,16,11,1988,"Billboard (Press, 16 November 1988)","On 16 November 1988, several cultural events and initiatives were highlighted in the news, showcasing film, music, and craft exhibitions. One significant event was the screening of the film ""Caravaggio,"" directed by Derek Jarman. This film explores the life of the famed Italian Renaissance painter, known for his innovative use of light and shade, known as chiaroscuro, as well as for his controversial depiction of religious subjects using models from marginalized backgrounds, such as prostitutes and street children. The film screening, scheduled for Thursday, was organised to raise funds for the Labour Party, with tickets priced at $10, which included refreshments. In response to environmental concerns, a folk concert aimed at raising awareness and funds to protect the world's rainforests will take place on 19 November at the State Trinity Centre. The concert will feature performances from the Latin American group Pachamama, flamenco guitarist Phil Bates, and folk entertainer John Faisandier. Organiser Jeremy Anderson emphasised the urgency of the situation, stating that every year an area of rainforest larger than New Zealand is lost, threatening the existence of numerous indigenous communities. Proceeds from the concert will support a project to employ a full-time worker in the Pacific basin, focusing on nations affected by deforestation. Tickets for the concert can be purchased from various local outlets. In addition to the concert, the Kilmarnock Quartet is set to perform on Sunday at the Great Hall in the Arts Centre, showcasing their diverse repertoire of traditional songs from Scotland, Ireland, and England. The quartet includes members Richard Butler, Dayle Hadlee, Murray Compton, and John Doig, all of whom contribute to the performance with vocal harmonies and instrumental accompaniment. On Friday, Graham Flaws will present a lunchtime recital at the Arts Centre. Born in Dunedin in 1955, Flaws grew up in a working-class family and was heavily influenced by a variety of music from an early age, including artists like Jim Reeves and Bob Dylan. He is a self-taught musician currently studying performance at the Christchurch Academy and has recorded original music, including a demo tape titled ""On Location"" featuring ten of his songs. Finally, an upcoming exhibition titled the Inchbonnie Connection will display original craftwork from West Coast artisans at the Several Arts Gallery in Colombo Street, from 2 to 15 December. The exhibition will feature a variety of handmade items, including knitting, crochet, pottery, and more, with some craftspeople demonstrating their skills on-site. Overall, the events highlighted demonstrate a vibrant cultural scene focusing not only on the arts but also on pressing social and environmental issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881116_2_100_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881116.2.100.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595594800
6824,18,11,1988,"Deaths (Press, 18 November 1988)","On 15 November 1988, several beloved individuals passed away in Christchurch, prompting funeral services to be announced. Allan Nicholl, a cherished husband and father, died at Burwood Hospital. He left behind his wife Jean, children Eleanor, Warwick, Jenny, Robin, Bryan, and Philippa, as well as 12 grandchildren. His funeral service is scheduled for 18 November at the Canterbury Crematorium Chapel, where donations to the Nurse Maude District Nursing Association would be appreciated. Gladys Emma Parker, aged 66, also passed on 15 November at her Christchurch home. She was the wife of Dick and mother to Linda, Richard, Steven, Lynette, and Peter, along with being nana to several grandchildren. Her service, with a change of venue, will be at their funeral home on 18 November. On 16 November, Paul Richard Perry died in Christchurch. He was the youngest son of Dick and Marjorie and is remembered fondly by his brothers and sisters as well as friends, with a private funeral service planned. Alice Mary Rountree passed away on 16 November at Christchurch Hospital. She was the widow of Max and mother to June and Dawn, also cherished by her grandchildren and family. Her funeral service will take place at the Canterbury Crematorium Chapel on 18 November. William Thomas Scott (Bill) died suddenly on 16 November at his home. At 75, he was a devoted husband to Jessie and father to Lynley and Joan. His funeral service is being held at Harewood Crematorium Chapel on 19 November, with donations to the New Zealand Heart Foundation requested. Thelma Eleanor Smith, aged 81, passed away on 15 November at The Princess Margaret Hospital. She was the late Bill Smith's devoted wife and is remembered by her family. Her funeral service will be on 18 November. Colin James Tucker died on 16 November at Christchurch Hospital at the age of 60. He is remembered as a loving husband, father, and grandfather. His service will be held at Halswell Baptist Church on 19 November. Lastly, Rita Mae Wilson, aged 75, passed away peacefully on 15 November at Dunedin Hospital. She was the widow of Robert Wilson and is survived by her children and grandchildren. Her funeral service will occur on 18 November in Dunedin. These notices highlight the love and cherished memories shared among family and friends of the deceased, who will be honoured through their respective funeral services.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881118_2_206_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881118.2.206.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,595767600
7051,21,11,1988,"Medal Changes Hands (Press, 21 November 1988)","On 21 November 1988, it was reported that Australian skier Erika Schinegger, who underwent a sex change operation and is now known as Eric, returned a world championship gold medal she won 22 years earlier. Schinegger, who had won the gold in the women's downhill race at the 1966 World Championships, stated that since she was biologically male at the time, the medal ""doesn’t belong"" to her. She formally presented the medal to French skier Marielie Goitschel, who had finished as the runner-up in that race, during a ceremony in Vienna. Goitschel expressed her emotional response to Schinegger's gesture, noting it was a significant and moving act.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881121_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881121.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596026800
7551,24,11,1988,"Tests For Foreigners (Press, 24 November 1988)","Santiago, Chile, has announced that it will require all foreigners planning to stay in the country for longer than six months to undergo testing for the HIV virus. This directive, issued by the Health Ministry, is set to take effect on January 1, 1989. The move is part of the country's efforts to manage the AIDs epidemic, which has seen 103 registered cases and 46 related deaths in Chile. A spokeswoman from the ministry confirmed the details of the new requirement.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881124_2_181_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881124.2.181.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596286000
6396,25,11,1988,"On Screen (Press, 25 November 1988)","On 25 November 1988, several notable films were reviewed, highlighting a diverse range of genres and themes. ""The Unbearable Lightness of Being"" was praised as one of the year's best films, presenting a love triangle set in Czechoslovakia amid the 1968 Russian invasion. The film weaves moments of eroticism with profound explorations of morality, mortality, passion, and political unrest. ""Illustrious Energy,"" regarded as the best New Zealand film of the year, beautifully depicts the lives of two Chinese individuals in Otago following the gold rush. In ""Babette’s Feast,"" a Parisian chef hosts a memorable culinary feast for a small Danish community, earning acclaim as the best foreign film Oscar-winner due to its subtlety and artistic flair. ""Shy People"" features Barbara Hershey as the mother of a secluded family in the Louisiana swamps, whose lives are disrupted by a visiting city cousin played by Jill Clayburgh. This film is described as both primitive and powerful. ""Cop,"" starring James Woods, offers a disturbingly violent view into the daily experiences of a Los Angeles policeman. ""Rikky and Pete,"" from the creators of ""Malcolm,"" takes viewers to an Australian mining town where a young inventor and his sister get into various mischief, described as good fun. ""Repo Man,"" featuring Emilio Estevez, is a zany farce that captures absurd aspects of American life. ""Caravaggio"" tells the story of the renowned Italian artist known for his innovative use of lighting in baroque painting, while also exploring themes of fantasy and homosexuality. ""Biloxi Blues,"" with Matthew Broderick, depicts Neil Simon’s experiences during Army training under a sadistic sergeant, offering moments of humour. In the realm of fantasy, ""The Princess Bride"" presents a delightful tale focused on the quest to rescue a kidnapped princess. Lastly, ""Bright Lights Big City"" sees Michael J. Fox portraying a disillusioned young man. Overall, the film reviews encapsulated a mix of intense drama, historical narratives, comedic fare, and vibrant cinematography, showcasing the richness of the cinematic offerings of that year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881125_2_104_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881125.2.104.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596372400
7552,26,11,1988,"Britain To Adopt Random Testing For A.i.d.s. (Press, 26 November 1988)","On 26 November 1988, the British Government announced its plans to initiate random testing for the A.I.D.S. virus, known as H.I.V. Health Secretary Kenneth Clarke made the announcement during a news conference, explaining that individuals who had voluntarily donated blood for reasons other than A.I.D.S. testing would undergo anonymous tests for the virus. Clarke stated that scientific consensus supports random testing as an effective means to gather information on the overall prevalence of H.I.V. infection across different age groups and sexes throughout the country, as well as the rate at which the virus is spreading within the general population. The testing programme is part of a broader £700,000 initiative dedicated to combating A.I.D.S., a disease that weakens the immune system. The random tests are expected to commence in mid-1989, while voluntary testing will begin in Scotland on 1 December 1988. A significant aspect of the proposed testing is that patients will not be informed of their H.I.V. status unless they opt for, or specifically request, a named test. Despite ethical concerns surrounding the implementation of such anonymous screenings, Clarke argued that individuals who test positive would not be any worse off than prior to the screening process, suggesting that the overall benefits to scientific understanding and public health outweigh these concerns. He also referenced similar testing efforts that have been carried out in the United States, where over 18,000 anonymous tests revealed that approximately 0.3 per cent of the tested population was H.I.V. positive. In terms of current statistics in the UK, there have been approximately 1,730 reported cases of A.I.D.S., with 949 fatalities attributed to the illness. However, it is estimated that around 50,000 individuals are living with the H.I.V. virus in the country, indicating a significant undetected prevalence that the new testing initiative aims to address.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881126_2_127.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881126.2.127,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596458800
6397,29,11,1988,"A.I.D.S. Victim Jailed (Press, 29 November 1988)","In a notable legal case in Prague, a municipal court has sentenced a 26-year-old man to five years in prison for continuing to engage in sexual relations after being diagnosed with AIDS. The courts initially sentenced him to three years in October 1988, but upon appeal, they added an additional two years. This man, who was reported as the first known victim of AIDS in Czechoslovakia after testing positive in December 1986, was said to have had sexual relations with 16 partners without using protection, specifically condoms. According to reports from ""Slobodne Slovo,"" the man expressed that he refrained from using condoms due to a fear of losing his partners. This case has drawn attention to issues related to public health and personal responsibility regarding sexually transmitted diseases.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881129_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881129.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596718000
7553,01,12,1988,"Charter Aims To Stop A.i.d.s. (Press, 1 December 1988)","A coalition of over 250 prominent figures in various fields, including pop stars, politicians, sports personalities, and church leaders, has come together to support a charter aimed at combating the spread of A.I.D.S. The initiative was announced as part of a new $10 million advertising campaign launched by the Health Education Council, focusing on raising awareness about H.I.V. and A.I.D.S. The charter's signatories, which include notable names such as actor Michael Caine, singers like Sir Harry Secombe and Rick Astley, violinist Sir Yehudi Menuhin, and cricketer Graham Gooch, express a shared commitment to educate the public about the disease and to foster a more compassionate and understanding attitude towards those affected by it. The charter outlines a serious recognition of the ""terrifying human and economic toll"" that A.I.D.S. has wrought and emphasises that it is an issue that concerns ""everyone."" The signatories assert that immediate action is crucial to prevent further infections and loss of life, highlighting that, in the near future, most people will likely know someone who has been infected with H.I.V. They stress the importance of creating a supportive environment where individuals living with H.I.V. or A.I.D.S. are treated with dignity and kindness. With the charter set to be published in the national press and available for further signatures across the country, the coalition aims to mobilise public support in their fight against this serious health crisis. They commit themselves to using their platforms to promote understanding and prevention efforts, highlighting that this initiative is essential for safeguarding public health and caring for the individuals affected by this disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881201_2_83_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881201.2.83.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596890800
7554,02,12,1988,"Anonymous Virus Testing? (Press, 2 December 1988)","The National Council on A.I.D.S. in New Zealand was informed about the potential necessity of anonymously testing hospital patients for A.I.D.S. to obtain accurate data on the disease's prevalence. Dr Grant Gillett, a medical ethics lecturer at Otago University, highlighted that consent-based testing may not reflect true statistics since individuals at risk often hesitate to get tested due to the stigma and fear associated with a positive H.I.V. diagnosis. He pointed out that those at risk perceive little benefit and significant drawbacks from being tested. Dr Gillett argued that since the blood test for H.I.V. is usually linked to other medical procedures, it might not require specific consent. He noted that the primary reason for acquiring consent is to inform individuals of their positive test results, enabling them to seek support and information regarding their status. However, he expressed concerns about ethical principles being compromised when screening for H.I.V. antibodies without consent, as it raises issues of privacy and autonomy. To address this dilemma, Dr Gillett proposed implementing completely anonymous testing, which would allow for the collection of epidemiological data while safeguarding patient confidentiality. He explained that the essential requirement for researchers is to determine how many individuals are H.I.V. positive without identifying them, thereby avoiding any harm to the patients involved. Additionally, Dr Gillett suggested a practical solution to facilitate anonymous testing by conducting the H.I.V. tests during patients' initial hospital visits. This method would generate valuable epidemiological insights about the prevalence of H.I.V. in the community while respecting individuals’ rights and minimizing ethical concerns related to their personal information being disclosed. Overall, the discussion emphasised the tension between the need for accurate public health data and the ethical responsibilities towards patient rights and privacy in the context of H.I.V. testing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881202_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881202.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596977200
6399,02,12,1988,"Gay Football Club (Press, 2 December 1988)","On 2 December 1988, it was reported that a group of Dutch homosexual footballers in Amsterdam have taken the initiative to establish their own football club named FC Gay. The organiser of the club, Gerard van Reijsen, highlighted a significant issue faced by many gay footballers: the inability to openly discuss their sexuality due to the prevailing negativity among most players towards homosexuals. By forming this club, they aim to create a supportive environment where gay players can connect, share their experiences, and address the challenges they face. Additionally, the club's mission includes fostering acceptance of homosexuality among heterosexual football players, thereby promoting inclusivity within the sport.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881202_2_185_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881202.2.185.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596977200
6398,02,12,1988,"On Screen (Press, 2 December 1988)","On 2 December 1988, several notable films were highlighted for their unique contributions to cinema. ""The Unbearable Lightness of Being"" premiered at the Savoy Theatre, receiving praise for its intricate portrayal of a love triangle set against the backdrop of Czechoslovakia during the 1968 Russian invasion. The film intertwines themes of eroticism, morality, mortality, passion, and politics, and is regarded as one of the year's best. ""Who Framed Roger Rabbit"" also screened at the Savoy, although specific details about this film were referenced but not elaborated on. ""Babette's Feast,"" showcased at the Academy Theatre, was acclaimed for its exceptional presentation of a meal that transforms into an artistic experience. The film tells the story of a Parisian chef who prepares a lavish feast for a small Danish community and won the Oscar for Best Foreign Film. ""Evils Angels"" was featured at both Regent 1 and Hollywood in Sumner, with additional details available in a separate article. ""Cop,"" screening at Avon, presented a disturbing depiction of violence as experienced by a Los Angeles policeman, played by James Woods, during his routine duties. ""Arthur 2: On the Rocks,"" also screened at Westend and Stagedoor in Sumner, had its own details available in another article. ""Two Moon Junction"" at Regent 2 was similarly mentioned without further elaboration. ""Caravaggio,"" shown at the Metro, delved into the life of the famed Italian artist known for his innovations in baroque painting, blending fantasy with themes of homosexuality. ""The Couch Trip,"" featuring Walter Matthau and Charles Grodin, featured comedic antics of characters navigating life in and out of mental institutions. Lastly, ""Poltergeist III"" at Midcity marked the return of young actress Heather O’Rourke, who encounters supernatural occurrences once again, with the added twist of the haunting beings emerging from mirrors in a new skyscraper. This diverse selection of films showcased a blend of artistic storytelling, cultural reflections, and entertaining narratives, drawing audiences into various emotional and intellectual realms throughout the cinema landscape of 1988.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881202_2_127_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881202.2.127.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,596977200
6400,05,12,1988,"N.Z. 'open Door To A.I.D.S.’ (Press, 5 December 1988)","On 5 December 1988, the Opposition spokesman on immigration, Mr Bill Birch, expressed concerns regarding new government immigration guidelines in New Zealand that permit the male and female partners of New Zealand homosexuals to obtain citizenship. These guidelines, made public through the Official Information Act, stipulate that relationships must be genuine, stable, and of at least four years’ duration. Mr Birch pointed out that, while many countries are tightening immigration policies to curb the spread of A.I.D.S., New Zealand is instead making it easier for foreign homosexuals to settle in the country. He highlighted that homosexuals are a high-risk group for A.I.D.S. and voiced apprehension that an influx of foreign homosexuals seeking free medical treatment could further strain New Zealand’s already pressured healthcare system. Birch argued that the new guidelines could encourage New Zealand homosexuals to bring their foreign partners home, allowing them to stay permanently within the country. Although health and character requirements are mentioned, he noted that there was no explicit requirement for prospective immigrants to undergo A.I.D.S. testing. Birch expressed scepticism about the ability of New Zealand officials to adequately assess the stability of homosexual relationships, particularly given the challenges in verifying the details of personal relationships. He announced his intention to address these concerns in Parliament during the week.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881205_2_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881205.2.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,597236400
6401,06,12,1988,"No A.I.D.S. Test For Migrants (Press, 6 December 1988)","On 6 December 1988, the office of the Minister of Immigration in New Zealand, Mr Rodger, confirmed that no specific checks for A.I.D.S. were being conducted on potential immigrants, irrespective of their sexual orientation. This announcement was a response to comments made by the Opposition spokesman on immigration, Mr Bill Birch, who argued that the new immigration policy was incentivising homosexuals to bring their foreign partners to New Zealand. Birch expressed concerns that homosexuals are among the groups most at risk of carrying A.I.D.S., noting that potential immigrants were not subject to checks for the illness. In clarification, a spokesperson from Mr Rodger’s office stated that while there was no specific A.I.D.S. check, a general medical examination was part of the immigration process. Applicants were required to sign a declaration confirming they did not have a range of illnesses, which included A.I.D.S., its related illnesses, or any immune-deficiency syndromes. If an applicant disclosed such an illness, it was likely their application for residence would be declined, although each case would be evaluated on its individual merits. Interestingly, the spokesperson indicated that it was not believed that homosexual immigrants would be among those considered most at risk for A.I.D.S. under the existing immigration guidelines. These guidelines stipulate that an applicant must have maintained a stable relationship with a New Zealand citizen for at least four years. The implication was that such established relationships would not generally expose individuals to the risks associated with A.I.D.S. The new immigration policy, which included these protocols regarding health checks, had reportedly been in effect since February 1988.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881206_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881206.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,597322800
6402,07,12,1988,"Birch Advocates Compulsory Testing (Press, 7 December 1988)","On 7 December 1988, Mr Bill Birch, the Opposition spokesman on immigration, proposed the implementation of compulsory A.I.D.S. testing for homosexual immigrants. This suggestion came in response to the Minister of Immigration, Mr Roger, who had informed Parliament that homosexual immigrants were only required to undergo standard medical testing. Birch expressed his dissatisfaction with this stance, arguing that individuals applying for residency under provisions related to homosexual relationships should be mandated to undergo specific A.I.D.S. testing. He raised concerns about the implications of allowing partners of New Zealand homosexuals to gain residence, suggesting that without these specific health checks, it was problematic to expand opportunities for homosexuals to become residents and access the public health system. Birch’s remarks underscore a call for stricter health regulations concerning homosexual immigrants amid growing debates around immigration and health policies in New Zealand at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881207_2_52.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881207.2.52,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,597409200
6825,10,12,1988,"The Mansfield-murry Letters (Press, 10 December 1988)","The review by Elaine Whelen discusses the book ""Letters Between Katherine Mansfield and John Middleton Murry,"" edited by Cherry A. Hankin, published in 1988 by Virago Press. This collection comprises 300 letters exchanged over 11 years between the prominent modernist writer Katherine Mansfield and her partner John Middleton Murry. Although Mansfield's letters were initially published in 1923 and Murry’s have been selected from a previously published collection, this offering presents both sets of correspondence together for the first time. The review notes that only two letters are entirely new, while previously unpublished passages include criticisms directed at notable figures like Virginia Woolf. Whelen argues that Hankin's editorial stance seems favourable towards Murry, asserting that while his expressions of love may not be as lyrically composed as Mansfield's, they are genuine. Nonetheless, the review critiques Murry's tendency towards shallowness compared to Mansfield's depth and honesty. The collection begins in 1912 shortly after the couple's first meeting, offering insights into their tumultuous relationship. Early on, Mansfield confronts Murry about her dissatisfaction with traditional gender roles, expressing resentment about domestic tasks that she feels should not be solely her responsibility. Throughout their relationship, which was marked by instability and frequent separations, Mansfield's letters also reveal her emotional struggles regarding Murry's lack of support. As health issues led Mansfield to seek warmer climates, the distance further complicated their connection. In several letters, Mansfield articulates her frustration with Murry’s inability to respond to her needs adequately, leading her to question the viability of their relationship. As Mansfield's health deteriorated, her letters depict a profound sense of isolation and the existential reflections that come with illness. Despite these hardships, she maintains a persistent creative output, indicating her determination to transform personal suffering into artistic affirmation. The review highlights the modernist themes Mansfield engaged with, notably the fluid perceptions of time and reality, reflecting her contemplations on life's complexities. However, Whelen criticises Hankin's editorial bias, suggesting it detracts from the powerful voice of Mansfield herself. The review concludes by noting the conflict between the editor's interpretations and Mansfield's authentic plea for an unembellished portrayal of her experiences and feelings. Overall, the collection is seen as valuable for understanding Mansfield’s inner life, despite the challenges posed by the editor’s commentary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881210_2_107_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881210.2.107.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,597668400
7377,15,12,1988,"Alienation From The Family (Press, 15 December 1988)","Felix Donnelly, the director of the Youthlink Trust, has been highlighting the increasing social and emotional problems faced by younger generations in New Zealand. Since establishing residential homes for needy youth in 1971, he observed a significant shift in the average age of referral from 19 years to just 14 by 1987. Conversations with school guidance counsellors revealed that young children are experiencing heightened emotional issues, and many parents feel overwhelmed and unsure how to help their troubled adolescents. Donnelly, a Catholic priest with a doctorate in community health, has written a book titled ""The World Upside Down,"" expressing his concerns about rapid social, economic, and racial changes in New Zealand over the past decade. He identifies family discord, violence, and economic hardships, including low wages and unemployment, as central factors contributing to societal unhappiness. He emphasises the importance of parental control and open communication within families, advocating for consistency in parenting, where positive behaviours are acknowledged and consequences for negative behaviours are fairly addressed. He warns against physical punishment and advocates for understanding the underlying reasons behind a child's anger or troublesome behaviour, which may stem from various forms of trauma or familial issues. He critiques disciplinary practices in some Pacific Island communities, stating that violence has become culturally acceptable and that church leaders should rethink their stances to better support community members’ adjustment to New Zealand society. Donnelly notes that a significant number of children in the Youthlink Trust care have experienced family dislocation, attributing this to the modern trend of fragmented families. He stresses the need for men to be more emotionally literate, claiming that men often derive emotional satisfaction from work rather than family, which complicates familial relationships. He believes that society's upbringing of males, which often lacks affectionate physical contact and leans towards aggression, contributes to cycles of violence. In terms of communication between parents and adolescents, Donnelly encourages a non-judgmental approach, suggesting that young people are often reasonable when provided with proper information. He believes that communication skills should be emphasised in schools and that training programs for marriage and parenting should be developed to ensure future generations can navigate relationships successfully. Donnelly highlights that many youths in the care of the Youthlink Trust suffer from learning difficulties, yet they show potential when given supportive educational opportunities. He advocates for a system that recognises and nurtures their self-confidence through remedial education. His book, ""The World Upside Down,"" published by Penguin, aims to shed light on these pressing social issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881215_2_84_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881215.2.84.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598100400
6539,15,12,1988,"Busy Time For World’s First Professor Of... (Press, 15 December 1988)","In December 1988, Louis Gooren was appointed the world’s first professor of transsexuality at Amsterdam’s Free University, a significant milestone in the field of gender identity and transsexual health. Since taking on this role, Gooren has been inundated with phone calls, illustrating the growing public interest and the need for discussion around the struggles faced by transsexual individuals. He emphasised the importance of visibility and understanding, stating that appearances on media platforms, like his recent television show with a trans woman, are vital in challenging societal perceptions. Professor Gooren highlighted that transsexuality is a global phenomenon, affecting one in 20,000 men and one in 50,000 women according to Dutch statistics. He noted the increasing awareness of transsexual issues, which has evolved since research on the topic began in the 1950s. Gooren's university hospital has maintained a supportive stance on sex change procedures, unlike certain clinics in the United States, which have faced backlash from conservative groups. Gooren outlined the rigorous process hopeful candidates undergo before receiving a sex change, including six months of psychological evaluations. This is intended to ensure that individuals fully comprehend the potential repercussions of their decision, which may include loss of relationships and employment. The financial aspect is manageable in the Netherlands, with the cost of the procedure around $16,270, covered by health insurers. The transition process, which takes about three to four years, involves immediate changes to one's presentation in accordance with their gender identity. This adjustment can be challenging, particularly for men dressing as women before any physical changes. Gooren also mentioned that not all cases require surgery; some individuals might benefit from alternative treatments to help them manage their gender dysphoria without undergoing a sex change. The surgical process itself involves hormone treatments that gradually alter the body, followed by genital surgery. Gooren was candid about the limitations of these operations, noting that while physical changes can be made, the functional aspects of the body cannot always be replicated. He cited successful cases where trans men, after transitioning, had fulfilling relationships despite the imperfections of surgical outcomes. Gooren also pointed out the complexities surrounding the causes of transsexuality, noting instances, such as identical twins where one identified as transsexual and the other did not, suggest that the factors at play are likely very nuanced. He expressed the intention of his new chair not only to enhance practical surgical techniques but also to further research the underlying mysteries of transsexuality. Gooren hopes that insights gained from the experiences of individuals undergoing such drastic hormonal changes could have broader applications in medical science. Overall, his work aims to foster understanding and acceptance of transsexual individuals while addressing their unique challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881215_2_195.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881215.2.195,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598100400
6403,15,12,1988,"Decision Reserved On Teacher’s Claim (Press, 15 December 1988)","On 15 December 1988, the High Court in Wellington reserved its decision on a damages claim made by David Balfour, a teacher who alleged that a note on his file falsely branded him as a ""long-practising and blatant homosexual."" Balfour is seeking $200,000 in damages from the Education Department, claiming that the note, which he discovered using the Official Information Act, harmed his career and led to his rejection from a 1980 training course for teaching handicapped children. Balfour contends that the allegations about his sexuality are untrue and assert that they negatively impacted his chances for professional advancement. During the hearing, Mr Justice Greig considered submissions from Balfour's lawyer, Mike Camp, and the department's representative, Ken Stone. Stone disputed Balfour’s claims, arguing that his absence from State secondary school teaching for three years prior to his application, along with his clerical job at an oil company, significantly diminished his prospects for acceptance into the competitive training course, where only 20 out of 66 applicants were chosen, most of whom had relevant positions in special education. Stone emphasized that the derogatory note written by Kenneth Woodward, a district senior inspector, which mentioned Balfour’s supposed homosexuality, was never communicated to the selection panel and remained solely in Balfour's personal records, thus claiming it could not have impacted his application. He contended that Balfour’s professional status was unaffected since the note did not reach those who made the hiring decisions. In response, Camp argued that the Education Department should have adhered to specific procedures to formally address any claims of immorality regarding Balfour instead of employing the informal and covert method used by Woodward. He stated that the department failed to present evidence supporting the allegation that Balfour was indeed a homosexual or that the note had valid grounds. Camp highlighted a prior incident in 1976 when Balfour was banned from a school in Hawke’s Bay, calling it incomprehensible given the public facts surrounding it. He noted significant gaps in the case, including the absence of testimonies from Woodward or other relevant inspectors. Balfour, who had worked for the Social Welfare Department in 1981, faced a four-year ban from secondary schools in Hawke’s Bay due to these allegations, which greatly hindered his career opportunities. Camp described the situation as an instance of reprehensible smear tactics, given the involvement of authoritative figures. He argued that Balfour's exclusion from the handicapped children training course was just one of many continuing misfortunes resulting from the unjust note and asserted that Balfour would have had a fair chance at the course had it not been for the negatively skewed reference. The case ultimately puts a spotlight on the serious implications of prejudice and discrimination within professional environments concerning personal lives, particularly in the education sector, and raises questions about due process and the responsibilities of employers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881215_2_97_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881215.2.97.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598100400
7225,16,12,1988,"Hopes For Azt Given Boost (Press, 16 December 1988)","A report published in the ""New England Journal of Medicine"" on 15 December 1988 indicates that AZT, the most effective medication for A.I.D.S. at the time, may be beneficial in treating cognitive dysfunction in patients suffering from the disease. The study, conducted by Dr Frederick A. Schmitt and colleagues, suggested that HIV-associated cognitive abnormalities might be partially improved following the administration of zidovudine (AZT). A.I.D.S., which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), often impacts mental capacity, and patients who exhibit neurological symptoms typically have a rapid decline in cognitive function, often with a grim prognosis and an average survival period of just four months. In this study, 281 patients with A.I.D.S. or A.I.D.S.-related complex were divided into two groups, one receiving AZT and the other a placebo. Those treated with AZT demonstrated significantly better cognitive function over a 16-week period, showing improvement in areas such as attention, memory, motor skills, and general mental speed. The researchers noted the importance of their findings as they suggest the possibility of reversing some neurological dysfunction caused by HIV infection. In a related development, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced the licensing of a rapid A.I.D.S. screening test that can provide results in just five minutes. This marks the first rapid test for the virus, an advancement over the fastest existing screening tests which require three to four hours for results. The FDA highlighted that this new test, employing genetic engineering techniques, would be particularly advantageous in developing countries that often lack the resources, such as blood banks and skilled laboratory personnel, necessary for conducting traditional A.I.D.S. diagnostic tests.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881216_2_127_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881216.2.127.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598186800
7407,21,12,1988,"Clash Costs Two Helpers (Press, 21 December 1988)","A conflict has arisen between the Catholic Church and the A.I.D.S. Foundation in Christchurch, resulting in the loss of two Sisters of Compassion who were assisting the foundation. The Catholic Bishop of Christchurch, Most Rev. Basil Meeking, ordered the sisters to cease their involvement due to the foundation's promotion of activities deemed unacceptable under Catholic moral teachings. One sister had been providing support to those living with A.I.D.S. and their families, while the other was involved in education. Bishop Meeking's assistant, Rev. Ray Schmack, explained that the foundation's materials contradicted the teachings of the Church and undermined societal moral standards. In contrast, the co-ordinator of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, Ian Smith, defended the group's intentions, stating their objective was to save lives. He noted realism needed to be embraced regarding casual partnerships, which he deemed unlikely to cease entirely. Mr Smith expressed regret over the sisters' departure, highlighting their vital role in offering compassion and support, and warned that adhering strictly to the Church's philosophy might put individuals at greater risk. Father Schmack denied any suggestion that the Bishop opposed assistance to those affected by A.I.D.S., calling such claims ""deplorable and absolutely untrue."" He asserted that Bishop Meeking had been actively engaged with diverse groups to tackle the A.I.D.S. crisis since his appointment 18 months prior. He also mentioned plans to invite the diocese to engage in discussions and participate in an education programme on the matter in early 1989. Furthermore, Father Schmack underscored the Catholic Church's commitment globally to address A.I.D.S. and care for those impacted by it. He expressed regret that the situation had been publicised in a way that painted the Bishop as unsympathetic, reiterating that such portrayals were inaccurate. A representative from the Sisters of Compassion confirmed their commitment to abide by the Bishop's decisions, noting that their operations in any diocese depend on the Bishop's invitation and instructions. The spokesperson affirmed respect for the Bishop's authority and decisions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881221_2_60.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881221.2.60,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598618800
7488,21,12,1988,"Prevention Work ‘not To Stop Life’ (Press, 21 December 1988)","On 21 December 1988, Mrs Carol Claasen, a Catholic engaged with the A.I.D.S. Foundation, expressed her frustration over the Catholic Church's stance on A.I.D.S. prevention. She was particularly upset with the Most Rev. Basil Meeking, the Bishop of Christchurch, who had recently decided to withdraw two Sisters of Compassion from the foundation's efforts. Claasen, who had converted to Catholicism two years prior, attempted to meet with Bishop Meeking twice to discuss the situation but was unsuccessful. She argued that the Catholic position, influenced by a ruling from the Pope which deemed condoms and contraceptives as prohibitive to life, was misguided in the context of A.I.D.S. prevention. Claasen emphasised that the fight against A.I.D.S. was fundamentally about saving lives rather than prohibiting life. She highlighted the urgent nature of A.I.D.S., noting that individuals who contracted the virus often faced serious illness and a potential death sentence. Claasen advocated for comprehensive education on safe sex practices, acknowledging that while some people chose abstinence, many did not. She asserted that the Church's responsibility was to reach out to all individuals without discrimination, rather than solely protecting those who abstain. In her view, the Bishop's position suggested that she and fellow Catholics working with the foundation were acting immorally, which she strongly rejected. Claasen maintained that her work with the foundation was not only moral but also beneficial for the community at large. She expressed confidence that continuing her efforts within the foundation was justified, as they contributed positively to public health and welfare in the fight against A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881221_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881221.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598618800
7052,21,12,1988,"Trained Male Nanny From N.Z. Tilts Barriers In... (Press, 21 December 1988)","Steve Loverage, a 22-year-old trained male nanny from Otorohonga, New Zealand, has made significant strides in overcoming sex discrimination in Britain, where he has taken up nannying. After struggling for three months to find work in London, a city with a population of 8 million but only 20 to 30 male nannies, he has finally secured a position. The concept of a male nanny is rare in the UK, leading to a full-page feature on him in a London newspaper, highlighting the challenges he faced in a country with conservative views on the role. Growing up on a farm and educated in Hamilton, Steve developed a love for caring for children during his babysitting experiences. After attempting a nursing course at Waikato Technical Institute, he found his passion lay in nannying. With many New Zealanders seeking overseas experiences, Steve saw Britain as the ideal destination to gain more work experience in his field. Upon arriving in Britain at the end of August 1988, he faced difficulties finding a job in nannying despite his qualifications. Initially, he wrote to various nanny agencies, finding little success, with only one showing interest—Wimbledon Nannies, run by a former New Zealander. Desperate for encouragement amid rejections, he turned to classified ads in ""The Lady"" magazine, unwavering in his pursuit despite racking up considerable phone bills. In his relentless search, he faced numerous rejections, often due to his gender, yet continued to adapt his strategy. Notably, he brought humour into his calls, suggesting he might consider a sex change to meet the requirements of the job. However, after responding to nearly 100 advertisements with minimal results, he finally landed an interview with Dudley and Suzanne Miles, who appreciated having a male presence for their three sons. The interview proved successful, and Steve was offered the position almost immediately. Steve's duties involve caring for the boys, including morning routines, school drop-offs and pickups, and evening supervision. He has established a good rapport with the children, who have adjusted well to having him as their nanny. They previously had a female nanny named Mindy, and while the youngest boy, Sebastian, remarked that Steve does not share his enthusiasm for Kylie Minogue, he has found Steve to be nice. Now settled into his role, Steve plans to continue his work for a year or two, with aspirations to explore more of the world through child-minding opportunities in places like Israel, Switzerland, Canada, and America. He views nannying not merely as a job but as a fulfilling activity he enjoys.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881221_2_80_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881221.2.80.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598618800
6826,22,12,1988,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 22 December 1988)","In December 1988, conservationist and botanist David Bellamy visited the Canterbury Museum in Christchurch and expressed relief that the museum does not charge an admission fee, stating, “I wouldn’t have come in if you had.” He strongly believes in free access to museums and spent time discussing alternative income sources for such institutions. Bellamy was in Christchurch en route to Pyramid Valley, North Canterbury, where he was filming a segment for a four-episode conservation series titled ""Moa's Ark."" In another news, a church in Christchurch faced embarrassment after mistakenly accepting a tender to remove its hall. Initially thinking they would receive $800 for the sale, the church discovered they would instead be required to pay that amount for the removal service. Additionally, a peculiar development in robotics came from the United States, where a highly advanced humanoid robot named Manny was created at Battelle’s Applied Physics Centre for testing garments. This $3 million creation has features like a clammy 'skin' and a heaving chest to simulate human movement and physical exertion in clothing. Designed to evaluate the durability of textile products, Manny adds an unconventional twist to the garment testing process. The issue of unsolicited mail was also highlighted, revealing that New Zealand Post's initiative to allow citizens to join direct mailing lists attracted 55,000 participants who were keen to receive such advertisements. On the topic of road safety, a company in the United States has developed a device that can be attached to car bumpers to emit a supersonic whistle, aimed at deterring animals from crossing roads. The device operates at speeds above 50 km/h and is effective for multiple animal species, although it mysteriously does not affect cows. Lastly, a band from England has gained attention with their name, ""Lesbian Dopeheads on Mopeds,"" previously known as the Hairy Marys, as they stand out in a crowded music scene where unique names are crucial for visibility. A humorous anecdote recounted a traffic officer who stopped a motorist for not wearing glasses as required by his driver's licence. When the driver explained he wore contact lenses, the officer quipped back, “Never mind who you know, why aren’t you wearing glasses?”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881222_2_20.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881222.2.20,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598705200
6404,22,12,1988,"Texas Judge Sparks Protest (Press, 22 December 1988)","In December 1988, a significant controversy erupted in Dallas following comments made by State District Judge Jack Hampton regarding a murder case involving two homosexual victims. Judge Hampton openly admitted during an interview with the ""Dallas Times Herald"" that he had imposed a lenient sentence on the convicted killer, Richard Lee Bednarski, because of the sexual orientation of the victims. Hampton sentenced Bednarski, who at 18 was found guilty of murdering the two men in a Dallas park, to 30 years in prison instead of the maximum life sentence. This decision was met with widespread outrage from various groups in Dallas and Austin, particularly from homosexual and women's organisations, who collectively called for the judge's resignation. Hampton's remarks reportedly included a derogatory characterization of both homosexuals and sex workers, asserting that the victims had contributed to their fate by ""cruising the street picking up teenage boys."" He expressed his disdain for homosexuals, stating he held them in similar regard as prostitutes and claimed he would struggle to justify a life sentence for killing a prostitute. His comments further instigated indignation among black and Hispanic community organisations, who felt that the judge’s ruling reflected deeper prejudices and bias against marginalized groups. Dallas County Commissioner John Wiley Price, a black Democrat, controversially likened Judge Hampton to the Ku Klux Klan, suggesting that both exhibited discriminatory beliefs. Despite the backlash and calls for his resignation, Judge Hampton remained defiant, indicating he had no intention of stepping down. He appeared indifferent to the controversy, reportedly saying that he did not mind as long as his name was correctly spelled in the media coverage, and predicted that the outrage would soon be forgotten by 1990. The case highlighted ongoing issues of discrimination and bias within the legal system, particularly towards the LGBTQ+ community, and intensified discussions about the relationship between sexual orientation and judicial sentencing practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881222_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881222.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598705200
7555,24,12,1988,"A Priestess Of The Herbal Cult (Press, 24 December 1988)","Rika Zarai, a 50-year-old folk singer from France, has gained notoriety for her controversial takes on natural medicine, particularly with her bestselling book, ""Ma Medecine naturelie,"" which has sold 2.8 million copies since its publication three years ago. Her work promotes the idea that herbal remedies, such as artichokes, dandelion leaves, and garlic, can combat serious health issues like cancer and hair loss. Zarai now returns with her second book, ""Mes Secrets naturels,"" sparking even greater outrage within the medical community with her claims about HIV and AIDS. In her new publication, Zarai controversially asserts that individuals who are HIV positive might be less likely to develop AIDS than previously thought, suggesting that the concept of transmission of the disease to partners is merely a “supposition.” She advocates for a lifestyle rooted in healthy living, positive thinking, and specific herbal teas, including box-leaf tisane, to boost the immune system. The French Ministry of Health has expressed alarm over her statements, emphasising the potential dangers of misinformation regarding AIDS and the importance of condom use to prevent its spread. A doctor from the ministry stated, “This book could have disastrously negative effects,” reflecting concerns about the ramifications of Zarai’s claims. Similarly, the conservative newspaper ""Le Figaro"" condemned her and her publisher for risking public health by promoting misleading information. Despite the backlash, Zarai maintains her stance during numerous media appearances, asserting, “Of course I stand by what I have said,” and defending her right to share her beliefs. She is not only an author but also operates a business producing herbal products, employing about 50 people. Zarai's background involves a remarkable transformation from a troubled youth who struggled with addiction to a successful artist. Born in Jerusalem, she initially rose to fame as a singer in Paris but faced severe health issues, including a life-threatening car accident that left her with severe spinal injuries. Turning to homeopathy for recovery, she became a fervent advocate for natural medicine. Her latest book includes various lists of natural remedies and exercises aimed at addressing a plethora of ailments, from depression to menopause. Yet, she often deflects challenging questions about her more controversial assertions by reaffirming her belief in the body's ability to heal itself through a holistic lifestyle. Zarai's narrative reflects a deep engagement with natural healing while provoking both curious interest and significant concern regarding her claims about serious health conditions. The reception of her work indicates a division in public perception between traditional medical practices and burgeoning interest in alternative remedies, a trend highlighted by her increasing popularity among those disillusioned with conventional healthcare.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881224_2_99_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881224.2.99.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598878000
6405,24,12,1988,"Drug Addicts Slow To Change Sexual Habits (Press, 24 December 1988)","A study conducted by the Health Department, titled ""Intravenous Drug Use in New Zealand,"" revealed that only 30 per cent of 310 intravenous drug users surveyed had altered their sexual behaviours in response to the risk of acquiring AIDS. This report, authored by Stephen Lungley, indicated that 70 per cent of participants were engaged with drug rehabilitation clinics, with 17 per cent of them being first-time attendees. The study found that the majority of the drug users were heterosexual, while 9 per cent of males identified as homosexual or bisexual, and 21 per cent of females did likewise. The survey showed that nearly all participants had been sexually active in the year leading up to the study. Among them, 20 per cent reported having more than five sexual partners, and 10 per cent engaged in sex work for money. Despite awareness of the risks associated with shared needle use, only 30 per cent of those surveyed had changed their drug-related sexual habits due to fears surrounding AIDS. The data collection for the study took place late in 1987 and early in 1988, prior to the initiation of a needle and syringe exchange programme in New Zealand. Of the participants, 82 per cent had used drugs in the three months before the study, with over half sharing needles or syringes during that period. Notably, many of those who did share needles limited this to only one other person. Lungley highlighted that many used needles and syringes were often passed on to other drug users. While the participants were generally aware of the dangers of sharing such equipment, Lungley noted that there seemed to be a gap in understanding the full implications of the risks associated with HIV transmission. Lungley also commented on New Zealand's relatively low number of intravenous drug users compared to other countries. He expressed hope that the findings of the study would help the Health Department evaluate the effectiveness of the needle and syringe exchange programme and identify areas where greater awareness of the risks could be promoted among users.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881224_2_81.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881224.2.81,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,598878000
7556,27,12,1988,"A.i.d.s. Tests For Inmates (Press, 27 December 1988)","On 27 December 1988, New Zealand's Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, announced that certain prison inmates would be approached to participate in A.I.D.S. testing. The Minister acknowledged that while it is considered an offence for prisoners to decline a blood test aimed at detecting infectious diseases, prison staff are not in a position to forcibly administer such tests. Mr Palmer highlighted the significance of A.I.D.S. within the prison environment, where inmates live in close quarters, increasing the risk of transmission. He emphasised the necessity of identifying those who are A.I.D.S. positive or HIV positive not only to protect the health of the affected individuals but also to ensure the safety and wellbeing of other inmates and prison staff. This move reflects a growing recognition of the challenges posed by infectious diseases in correctional facilities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881227_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881227.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,599137200
6406,27,12,1988,"Disturbing, Thought-provoking, Films Grace Metro (Press, 27 December 1988)","On 27 December 1988, the Metro cinema marked a change of ownership by screening two notable films: ""Sammy and Rosie Get Laid"" at 8.15 p.m. and ""Housekeeping"" at 6 p.m. Both films were promoted as comedies, yet they delved into more disturbing and thought-provoking themes rather than providing light-hearted humour. ""Sammy and Rosie Get Laid,"" directed by Stephen Frears and written by Hanif Kureishi, is set against the backdrop of a turbulent Thatcher-era London. The film explores social issues such as cultural dislocation and rampant racism through the complex relationships of its characters. Rafi Rahman, portrayed by Shashi Kapoor, returns to London after a long absence, seeking refuge from his political enemies in India. He finds himself unwelcome in his son Sammy's (Ayub Khan Dim) open marriage with Rosie (Frances Barber). The film presents a stark picture of social chaos, depicted through riots triggered by police violence. It critiques the disintegration of family and society while intertwining the personal lives and infidelities of the characters, culminating in a dark yet satirical representation of contemporary England. Kureishi's writing weaves together themes of filth and anarchy, creating a narrative that questions societal norms and moral decay. The film has a surreal quality, drawing attention to societal issues while maintaining a comedic undertone, resulting in a thought-provoking viewing experience. Ultimately, Rafi’s journey becomes a reflection of the struggle to adapt to a changing world, leading him to a tragic conclusion that paradoxically brings his son and daughter-in-law closer together. In contrast, ""Housekeeping,"" written and directed by Bill Forsyth, offers a gentler narrative. Set in the Canadian northwest, the film tells the story of Aunt Sylvie (Christine Lahti), who arrives to care for her nieces after their mother’s suicide. Sylvie's unconventional lifestyle— which includes a carefree attitude towards mess and a whimsical approach to parenting— contrasts sharply with the conservative expectations of the small community in Fingerbone. Forsyth's film examines the themes of madness and normalcy, suggesting that what is deemed eccentric by society may simply be a different way of living. The audience is drawn into a story of transient joy, where Sylvie’s chaotic yet loving nature provides the girls with a unique perspective on life. The film incorporates a subtle sense of the magical and whimsical against the backdrop of the serene Pacific Northwest, capturing both the charm and the inevitable consequences of Sylvie's lifestyle. Overall, while ""Sammy and Rosie Get Laid"" serves as a sharp satire on societal issues, ""Housekeeping"" provides a reflective narrative on individuality and the meaning of home. Both films utilise their distinctive styles to engage audiences in discussions about the intricacies of human relationships and societal constructs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881227_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881227.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,599137200
7489,30,12,1988,"Madonna Performance Loses Impact On Video (Press, 30 December 1988)","The review of Madonna's video ""Ciao Italia: Live from Italy,"" released on December 30, 1988, provides a comprehensive look at the concert experience captured in the film. The video lasts approximately 100 minutes and features a live performance in front of a raucous Italian audience, showcasing a selection of Madonna's hits. The concert includes 16 tracks, such as ""Holiday,"" ""Into the Groove,"" ""Like a Virgin,"" ""Papa Don’t Preach,"" and ""La Isla Bonita,"" offering a reasonable cross-section of her career up to that point. The review notes that the concert starts energetically with a visually engaging stage show that utilises slides and videos, highlighting Madonna's dynamic presence as she interacts with the audience. Despite the vibrant atmosphere, the review mentions that some of the concert's excitement may not fully translate to the video format. Madonna’s performance is described as lively, with various costume changes and humorous interactions that keep the audience engaged. However, the musical aspects of the performance face criticism for lacking the spark and charisma of the studio recordings. The large backing band performs in a professional manner, but their seamless execution leads to a somewhat dull musical experience. While certain songs like ""Dress Me Up,"" ""Material Girl,"" and ""Like A Virgin"" stand out, overall, the concert is noted to drag at times, especially towards the end, indicating a lack of variety in both the music and the show. The review also touches on the themes prevalent in the concert, including money, fame, and safe sex, reflected in the backdrop during ""Papa Don’t Preach."" Nonetheless, it suggests the concert does not embody the thrill of a genuine live performance. Technical shortcomings are highlighted, such as dull photography and excessive long-distance shots that obscure the action on stage. This limits the potential for artistic expression in filming live concerts. In conclusion, while ""Ciao Italia"" may hold interest for dedicated Madonna fans and could be enjoyable to watch once or twice, the reviewer, Paul Collett, indicates it does not provide enough excitement or artistic depth for casual viewers. The video functions more as a documentation of Madonna’s performance rather than a must-see experience, particularly for those not deeply invested in her music.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19881230_2_113_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19881230.2.113.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,599396400
6988,03,01,1989,"Bad Taste For Wider Audience (Press, 3 January 1989)","John Waters' latest film, ""Hairspray,"" released in 1988 at the Pantages cinema in Hornby, marks a significant shift in tone for the director known for his edgy, controversial works. The film presents a more family-friendly approach while maintaining some of Waters' signature unconventional humour. Set in 1962 Baltimore, the film captures a nostalgic era characterised by innocence and social change, where the threat to teenagers' futures involved being sent to Catholic schools rather than facing contemporary societal issues. The plot revolves around a popular local dance television show, ""The Corny Collins Show,"" which showcases young talent but maintains a discriminatory policy that only allows black dancers to join once a month. Tracy Turnblad, played by Ricki Lake, is the show's biggest fan, bursting onto the scene with her exuberant personality and distinctive beehive hairstyle. Despite her weight, Tracy's charm and confidence land her a spot on the show, where she quickly becomes a sensation. Tracy's journey includes working as a model at the Hefty Hideaway, a plus-size clothing store, and navigating the absurdities of her life, including her eccentric mother, played by Divine, and her friend Penny's overprotective mother, who undergoes extreme measures to keep her daughter from dating a black boy. The film lightly touches on themes of racial integration, though in a playful manner, presenting even the more serious issues with a sense of absurdity reminiscent of classic comedies. Waters populates his film with an eclectic cast including notable celebrities like Sonny Bono, Debbie Harry, and Pia Zadora. The visual style of ""Hairspray"" is cartoonish, with vibrant characters and exaggerated scenarios that contribute to the overall whimsical tone. Despite the light-heartedness, Waters conveys messages of acceptance regarding body image and race, suggesting both can embody beauty in his fantastical interpretation of society. Overall, ""Hairspray"" showcases Waters' attempt to broaden his audience while still offering the unique quirks that his fans have come to appreciate. The film stands as a reflection of changing social norms, delivered through a lens that is both comedic and colourful, ensuring its appeal to a wider demographic than his previous works characterised by more outrageous content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890103_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890103.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,599742000
6407,04,01,1989,"‘Eastenders’ Absentee (Press, 4 January 1989)","Gary Hailes, the actor known for his role as Barry in the popular television series ""EastEnders,"" expressed uncertainty regarding his future with the show while he enjoys a world cruise. Hailes stated that there are no definite plans for his return and indicated that it depends on what feels right for him in his career. He mentioned a desire to avoid being typecast and to explore other opportunities, particularly in music, as he has been focusing on songwriting. A self-identified fan of 1950s music, Hailes has an extensive collection of nearly 300 Elvis Presley LPs, which he has accumulated since he was 11 years old. His appreciation for Elvis began with the record ""Can’t Help Falling in Love,"" bought out of necessity when he couldn't find another of the singer’s hits. His home includes a vintage juke box stocked with 50s records, with a dedicated section for Elvis albums. Hailes began his television career in the children's soap ""Grange Hill,"" where he played a bully. He acknowledged that while the show serves to entertain children, it also addresses important social issues. The actor revealed that, despite playing a tough character, he is quite different from his on-screen persona. He faced some challenges in public owing to his role in ""EastEnders,"" which included a confrontation, although he remarked that he perhaps does his job well by evoking such strong reactions. Playing a homosexual character presented both challenges and valuable insights into societal attitudes. Hailes pointed out how homosexual individuals are treated differently compared to heterosexuals, making open displays of affection difficult for them. He reflected on the discrimination faced by the LGBTQ+ community, indicating that while some hostility still exists, it is diminishing, potentially due to the representation seen in shows like ""EastEnders."" Overall, Hailes is exploring personal and professional growth, hoping to balance his acting career with his passion for music.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890104_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890104.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,599828400
6989,09,01,1989,"Brawl Stops Shell Cricket (Press, 9 January 1989)","On 9 January 1989, a Shell Trophy cricket match at Lancaster Park in Christchurch was disrupted by a brawl involving spectators and a transvestite. The incident occurred in the No. 5 stand at approximately 5.20 p.m., during the game between Canterbury and Wellington. Tensions escalated when the transvestite and another man entered the field, interfering with the match by taking the stumps and climbing on the scoreboard. This behaviour provoked a strong reaction from the crowd, leading to a confrontation. Ground staff initially intervened to halt the fight, but when play resumed, the altercation reignited. The police were called to the scene to restore order. Inspector Chris Cole reported that the disturbance began due to the pair's actions on the field, which incited frustration among spectators. Following the incident, the 34-year-old transvestite was arrested for possessing a knife and was also charged with assaulting a watchhouse keeper at the Central Police Station. The second individual involved was taken into custody but was later released after spending several hours in a detoxification cell.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890109_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890109.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,600260400
6990,18,01,1989,"Detention For ‘spur Of Moment’ Burglary (Press, 18 January 1989)","A 32-year-old sickness beneficiary was sentenced to three months of periodic detention after he broke into the Oxford Victualling Company and stole items valued at $1,000 early on January 8, 1989. The man gained entry through a back window, went upstairs, and passed the stolen goods, which included alcohol and cigarettes, to a co-offender waiting outside. A police patrol apprehended the duo, leading to the recovery of the stolen property. The accused explained that the burglary was a spur-of-the-moment decision influenced by excessive alcohol consumption and the medication he was taking, which impaired his judgment. Judge Costigan granted the man name suppression and disqualified him from driving for three months. He was also ordered to pay $50 in reparation for the damage caused to the hotel. In a separate case, Kelly Anderson, a 34-year-old transvestite and sickness beneficiary, was remanded on bail following a brawl among spectators at Lancaster Park during a cricket match between Canterbury and Wellington on January 7, 1989. Anderson is charged with possession of a knife with intent to use it, as well as assaulting Constable James Barry Hill and Craig Anthony Sheriff. His case is scheduled for a defended hearing in March. Additionally, two men entered not guilty pleas in relation to the assault of Kerry Andrew Rowan Williams, also occurring on January 8, 1989. Peter Mark Hatipov, 27, unemployed, faces charges of possession of a knife with intent to use it and assault. He was remanded on bail. Stephen Patrick McGirr, aged 30 and employed in the freezing sector, is charged with assault and was remanded at large. Both men are set to appear for a defended hearing next month.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890118_2_87_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890118.2.87.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601038000
6408,19,01,1989,"Unsafe Sex Without Warning (Press, 19 January 1989)","On 19 January 1989, a report emerged from Wellington regarding the limitations faced by the Video Recordings Board in New Zealand. The board, chaired by Ms Brenda Cutress, stated that it could not mandate a warning about unsafe sexual practices to accompany a video showcasing explicit homosexual sexual content. According to Ms Cutress, the board's authority was restricted to requiring deletions from a video rather than imposing additional warnings, highlighting a significant shortcoming in the Video Recordings Act. In its review of the video titled ""Cousins,"" the board reached a unanimous decision to classify it as indecent for individuals under the age of 18, labelling it as containing explicit sexual material. However, the board expressed its disappointment over the absence of a warning that the video depicted unsafe sexual behaviours and suggested that condom use should be advocated in such contexts. The board assessed the video to have no artistic, social, or cultural value, stating it consisted merely of a disjointed series of explicit homosexual acts without any coherent storyline. Ms Cutress pointed out that, in accordance with the act, the board was unable to classify the video as indecent enough to warrant a ban. Furthermore, the legislation did not include provisions for evaluating public health implications associated with the content of the video. In reaction to the board's inability to take more stringent action, Miss Patricia Bartlett, secretary of the Society for Community Standards, voiced her disgust that the video remained unbanned, reflecting concerns over its potential influence on viewers. This situation underscored ongoing debates regarding censorship, public health, and the responsibilities of regulatory bodies in relation to explicit sexual content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890119_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890119.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601124400
6991,20,01,1989,"Barnes Gives Private Glimpse Of Show (Press, 20 January 1989)","On 15 January 1989, a private rock concert featuring Jimmy Barnes took place at Sydney's overseas shipping terminal, attracting over 300 attendees, including 24 competition winners from New Zealand and Australia. This event was part of a summer promotion by Pepsi-Cola. New Zealand music fans will soon have a chance to see Barnes live during his ""Barnestorming"" tour in New Zealand, which will also include performances by Knightshade and the Choir Boys. The artists are set to perform in Christchurch on 28 January, alongside Iggy Pop in Auckland and Wellington. In music news, the Pet Shop Boys are in the studio working on a project with Liza Minnelli. Initially intended to produce songs for half an album, the band is now eager to complete a full album for the singer. They have also penned a single for Dusty Springfield titled ""Nothing Has Been Moved,"" which serves as the theme for the film “Scandal,” based on the Profumo affair of the 1960s. Tragic news followed the passing of 40-year-old Sylvester, a notable transvestite funk star known for hits like ""You Make Me Feel Mighty Real"" and ""Disco Fever."" He died in San Francisco due to complications from AIDS while working on a new album for Warner Bros. In other happenings, former Housemartins members Paul Heaton and Dave Hemmingway have formed a new band, tentatively named The Beautiful South, with collaborations from a former Housemartin roadie and local friends from Hull, where they have been recording. Another ex-Housemartin, Norman Cook, is reportedly working on solo material and producing “Real Sounds of Africa.” In its 1988 readers' poll, “Melody Maker” noted that while its readers preferred bands like The Mission and All About Eve, critics highlighted The Pixies' album “Surfer Rosa” as the top album of the year. Nick Cave and The Bad Seeds’ single “The Mercy Seat” also received significant acclaim. The publication acknowledged John Cleese's film “A Fish Called Wanda” as the top film of the year. In the quirky awards section, Ben Johnson was named man of the year by “Melody Maker,” while Morrissey was chosen as the Morrissey clone of the year. Both categories aligned in naming Julian Cope as nobody of the year. Paul Weller was recognised as grey man of the year, and U2’s Bono as black man of the year. The only straight award recognised Julianne Regan of All About Eve as woman of the year. According to the critics, in addition to “Surfer Rosa,” the top albums included “Life’s Too Good” by The Sugarcubes, “Isn’t Anything” by My Bloody Valentine, and others. The top singles list featured Nick Cave’s “The Mercy Seat,” also highlighted My Bloody Valentine’s “You Made Me Realise,” and other notable tracks from various acclaimed artists.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890120_2_109_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890120.2.109.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601210800
7053,21,01,1989,"Persuasive Ecologist (Press, 21 January 1989)","In the book ""The Machinery of Nature,"" Paul Ehrlich explores the crucial relationship between humanity and the environment, presenting a compelling case for ecological awareness and conservation. Published in 1988 and reviewed by Naylor Hillary in January 1989, the book serves as a response to the growing scepticism surrounding the conservation movement's predictions about environmental damage caused by human activities. Ehrlich's calm, methodical approach demystifies the often contentious debates regarding ecological issues. He stresses the importance of listening to informed voices in the conservation dialogue rather than disregarding them as alarmist or anti-development. By employing examples from his own background studying butterflies in California, he injects an element of enjoyment into the study of ecology. His narrative spans a wide range of topics, using various species and behaviours to highlight evolution's significance in understanding ecosystems. For instance, Ehrlich discusses the territorial nature of the paradise fish in Tahiti, where gender roles shift rapidly in response to changes within their hierarchy, illustrating the complexities of evolutionary strategies. Through such examples, he aims to foster a deeper appreciation among lay readers for the intricate connections that define ecosystems and the role humans play within them. Ehrlich succinctly summarises his thesis: evolution has shaped not only humans but also every living organism and environmental aspect around us. He argues that understanding these systems is vital for both awareness of our place in the world and for the preservation of the ecosystems that sustain us. Despite the potential for optimism, he concludes with a warning about the general public's lack of appreciation for the importance of ecology, suggesting that this ignorance poses a significant threat to the future of conservation efforts. Overall, ""The Machinery of Nature"" serves not only as an educational resource but also as a clarion call to appreciate and protect the natural world, with Ehrlich's engaging style making the concept of ecology accessible and relevant to readers. His gift for communication shines through as he strives to enhance understanding and respect for the environment, advocating for a collective responsibility in its preservation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890121_2_114_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890121.2.114.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601297200
6409,23,01,1989,"Video Warning (Press, 23 January 1989)","In a letter published on 23 January 1989, J.B. Russell expresses concern regarding a prior article titled “Unsafe sex without warning,” which critiques the limitations of the Video Recording Board in addressing the content of certain videos. Russell highlights the board's inability to mandate a warning about unsafe sexual practices on a video that it deems lacks artistic, social, or cultural value and consists of graphic homosexual sexual activities without a coherent storyline. He compares this situation to irresponsibly distributing loaded firearms while being unable to acknowledge the dangers they pose. Russell's letter underscores his alarm at the implications for public health and safety regarding the distribution of explicit content without adequate warnings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890123_2_91_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890123.2.91.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601470000
6410,25,01,1989,"Law May Uphold Sexual Choice (Press, 25 January 1989)","On 25 January 1989, discussions were underway to make discrimination based on sexual orientation illegal in New Zealand as part of proposed amendments to the Human Rights Commission Act. Mr Richard Northey, the chairman of the Labour Party’s caucus committee on justice and member of Parliament for Eden, announced that this initiative was among ten suggested additions presented by the commission. Although the Justice Department and Northey's committee had been deliberating on the recommendations for about a year, no final decisions had yet been made regarding implementation. In addition to sexual orientation, the proposed recommendations aimed to protect individuals from discrimination based on various other grounds, including physical or mental disabilities, age, employment status, pregnancy, trade union or political views, parental status, and issues related to H.I.V., as well as transvestitism and transsexuality. Discrimination clauses directed towards homosexual individuals were previously removed from the Homosexual Law Reform Bill during a conscience vote in Parliament, although the bill was ultimately passed in 1986, decriminalising homosexual acts. The topic of discrimination had gained renewed attention, particularly in light of the AIDS crisis, with reports suggesting that some life insurance companies refused to insure homosexuals or imposed higher premiums based solely on their sexual orientation. Northey expressed that while inquiries about individuals' sexual activities could be considered reasonable, making assumptions based solely on sexual orientation should not be acceptable. The Human Rights Commission's recommended changes were focused on protecting rights in employment, housing, and access to publicly available services. Among the recommendations, Northey highlighted the importance of the disability provision, which could potentially affect as much as one in five individuals, as it aimed to prevent discrimination against those with mental health issues who have undergone psychological treatment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890125_2_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890125.2.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601642800
6411,26,01,1989,"'Allo ’allo’ Actor Reveals He Is Gay (Press, 26 January 1989)","Gorden Kaye, the well-known star of the British television comedy “’Allo 'Allo,” publicly came out as homosexual in an announcement made on 26 January 1989. The 47-year-old actor decided to share this aspect of his life after learning that a newspaper was probing into his private affairs. In an interview with the “Daily Mirror,” Kaye admitted that he had spent a few evenings with male prostitutes from a Soho club, which is considered the London equivalent of Sydney’s Kings Cross. Kaye reflected on his feelings about his appearance, stating that he does not see himself as particularly attractive. He expressed that with his balding head, being overweight, and now in his 40s, he felt that the likelihood of attracting someone young and appealing was low. He acknowledged visiting male prostitutes three or four times, calling it a ""silly thing to do,"" while also recognising his own good personality. In the sitcom “’Allo 'Allo,” Kaye portrays Rene, a French cafe owner navigating life during World War II. The stage adaptation of this popular television series is currently being performed at London's Palladium Theatre, adding to the show's ongoing success and visibility.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890126_2_92_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890126.2.92.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601729200
6827,28,01,1989,"Hookers Not So Happy In Their Work (Press, 28 January 1989)","Sex Work: Writings by Women in The Sex Industry, edited by Frederique Doiacoste and Priscilla Alexander and published by Virago Press in 1988, presents a comprehensive collection of essays and personal accounts from women involved in the sex trade. Co-editor Priscilla Alexander makes a provocative comparison between prostitution and marriage, suggesting that both were once economic institutions, with the primary difference being the number of partners. The book explores the spectrum of motivations for women entering prostitution, highlighting factors such as poverty, racial discrimination, and abusive pasts, while also acknowledging that some women find empowerment and freedom in their work. The narratives within the book range from brutally honest to eloquently humorous, offering varied perspectives that expose both the hardships and complexities of being a sex worker. Many women articulate their experiences with intelligence, and some, like a 55-year-old woman, express enjoying a respect and autonomy they lacked in previous relationships. However, the grim realities faced by sex workers, including police violence, exploitation, and systemic neglect, are depicted throughout. The collection also addresses the tension within feminist groups surrounding the issue of prostitution. Radical feminists often oppose sex work as incompatible with the broader goals of the women’s movement, leading to further division. Despite the differences of opinion, the wealth of research included in the anthology provides significant insights into international policies regarding prostitution, as well as the stigmas and myths surrounding sex workers, such as the association with the spread of AIDS. Notably, the book discusses various advocacy groups supporting the rights of sex workers, such as COYOTE and the International Committee for Prostitutes’ Rights, among others. These organisations work toward legal protections and societal recognition for workers in the sex industry, challenging the perception that prostitution is entirely a path of victims and emphasizing the agency and negotiations involved in the exchange. The collection ultimately asserts the importance of recognising sex workers as entitled to the same legal protections from violence and exploitation as any other individual. It argues that society often places moral judgement on these women, while failing to acknowledge the systemic abuses they endure. Through desperate and heart-wrenching testimonies, the contributors reveal that many sex workers are more often the subjects of victimisation rather than the perpetrators of moral failings. The concluding thoughts of a college-educated woman reflect a hope for a future where societal perceptions around sex, honour, and respect lead to a world devoid of the need for prostitution, envisioning a society that treats everyone with dignity regardless of their occupational choices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890128_2_119_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890128.2.119.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,601902000
6828,04,02,1989,"Subtle Prejudice ‘more Damaging’ (Press, 4 February 1989)","On 4 February 1989, Dr Max Abbott, the director of the Mental Health Foundation, expressed concerns regarding the impact of subtle prejudice against homosexuals and lesbians, stating that it has caused more mental damage than overt violence. His remarks came in response to criticism from the National Youth Council about inadequate services and support for young gay men and lesbian women. Dr Abbott noted that the new Mental Health Bill, which prohibits admission to psychiatric hospitals based on sexual orientation, reflects a progressive approach. He advocated for the inclusion of sexual orientation in revised human rights legislation as part of a broader effort to combat discrimination. Dr Abbott emphasised the importance of broader societal changes, stating that significant efforts are required from schools, churches, youth organisations, health services, and the media to address and reduce prejudice. While he acknowledged that the legislation was a positive development, he insisted that it represented only a small step towards fostering a more inclusive and supportive environment for all individuals, irrespective of their sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890204_2_85.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890204.2.85,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,602506800
6412,06,02,1989,"A.I.D.S. Gets Run For Its Money (Press, 6 February 1989)","In Auckland, sprinter Paul Gestro has been living with the H.I.V. virus for over four years but remains determined and ambitious regarding his athletic pursuits. Despite his diagnosis, the 30-year-old Epsom resident continues to train vigorously and is eyeing a spot on New Zealand’s Commonwealth Games team for 1990. Having spent much of the 1980s abroad, Gestro said he is largely unknown in the local athletics community but believes his rigorous training regimen—which includes daily weight lifting, running, and swimming—will prepare him for competition in the 100 m or 200 m events next year. Unemployed and straightforward about his condition, Gestro states that he experiences no more sick days than the average person and expresses frustration over the sympathy he receives, which he feels is unwarranted. He candidly shares that the stigma associated with the term AIDS affects him more than the disease itself. While he does not hide his diagnosis, he acknowledges his concerns regarding how his friends, particularly those on his thirds grade rugby league team, might react to the news. Gestro's journey with H.I.V. began in 1984 when he tested positive. At the time, living in Sydney with a partner, he reacted calmly to the diagnosis, not feeling surprised or disappointed, and resolved not to let it derail his life. Although he identifies as heterosexual, he associates his infection with a homosexual encounter he had at 18, yet he claims not to harbour bitterness about it. In the years following his diagnosis, Gestro initially kept his H.I.V. status private but now openly shares his experience and aims to educate younger generations about the virus. His story reflects resilience and a proactive approach to both his health and athletic aspirations, highlighting a commitment to continue pursuing his passion for sport despite the challenges posed by his condition.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890206_2_56.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890206.2.56,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,602679600
6413,07,02,1989,"Homosexuality Cause For Suicide—report (Press, 7 February 1989)","A report released by the National Youth Council has highlighted that homosexuality is a significant factor contributing to youth suicides and mental health issues in New Zealand. According to the findings, over half of the young homosexual and lesbian participants in a mental health survey had previously attempted suicide. Barry Taylor, the report's author, emphasised that many of the young individuals he counselled were referred to him following suicide attempts, which were frequently linked to concerns surrounding their sexual orientation. He recounted knowledge of at least nine young individuals who had taken their lives in the past year due to anxiety related to their sexual identity. Taylor pointed out that the majority of mental health problems in young homosexuals and lesbians stem not from their sexual orientation itself, but from societal rejection and stigma. Factors like low self-esteem, depression, risky behaviours, and substance abuse often emerged as psychological consequences of their struggles to accept their identity amid societal pressures. He noted an alarming increase in the number of young gay and lesbian individuals seeking help for addiction, which he attributed to the lack of understanding and support from established service agencies. In response to this inadequacy, groups such as specific LGBT Alcoholics Anonymous chapters have been formed to offer effective support tailored to their needs. To further address the issue, Taylor suggested that the education system could play a pivotal role in alleviating mental health challenges faced by young homosexuals and lesbians. This could be achieved by incorporating homosexual authors into school curricula, providing resources about sexual orientation in libraries and counselling offices, and fostering open discussions regarding diverse areas of sexuality. The report revealed that many young homosexuals and lesbians expressed a desire for visible role models in the form of openly gay teachers; however, many educators remain in the closet due to fear of discrimination. Additionally, Taylor pointed out that legal discrimination in areas such as employment and housing compounds the mental health struggles faced by young homosexual individuals. In light of these findings, the National Youth Council intends to submit proposals related to the Human Rights Bill, advocating for the prohibition of discrimination based on sexual orientation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890207_2_96.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890207.2.96,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,602766000
6414,08,02,1989,"‘Private Life’ Traced (Press, 8 February 1989)","Auckland Detectives are conducting an investigation into the death of 51-year-old Peter Plumley-Walker, whose body was discovered in the Waikato River near Huka Falls. The police are actively seeking information from Mr Plumley-Walker's friends, as they believe that his close companions may hold crucial clues related to the circumstances of his death. Authorities have reported that they have been unable to identify anyone who saw Mr Plumley-Walker on the dates surrounding his disappearance late on January 27 or early January 28, 1989, when his body is thought to have been placed in the river. A dedicated team of 23 uniformed personnel and Criminal Investigation Bureau (CIB) staff are focusing on Mr Plumley-Walker's private life in an effort to understand the reasons behind his visit to Taupo. After a lengthy nine-year separation from his wife, Mr Plumley-Walker's divorce was finalised on the day his disappearance occurred. His daughter, Penny Hodder, expressed that she could not dismiss the notion that understanding her father's private life might be key to resolving the mystery. She noted that the suggestion of her father having contacts with the homosexual community was not new, indicating that his relationship dynamics might be pivotal in shedding light on the case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890208_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890208.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,602852400
6415,08,02,1989,"Kipling Sex Claim Rubbished (Press, 8 February 1989)","On 8 February 1989, a controversy emerged regarding the sexual orientation of renowned British author Rudyard Kipling. The discussion was sparked by Martin Seymour-Smith, a biographer who claimed in his new book ""Kipling"" that Kipling was homosexual. Seymour-Smith suggested that understanding Kipling's sexuality is essential to appreciating his literary works, in which themes of boyhood heroism are prevalent. He posited that Kipling may have had relationships with boys during his time at school and in India, as well as with Wolcott Balestier, an American with whom Kipling collaborated on the novel ""Naulahka."" Seymour-Smith theorised that Balestier had misled his sister, Caroline (whom Kipling eventually married in 1892), into believing that marriage could rectify Kipling's alleged homosexual tendencies. The assertion from Seymour-Smith was met with sharp rebuttal from Dr A. L. Rowse, an 85-year-old historian and noted author of works on historical homosexuality. Rowse characterised the allegations as ""nonsense and very silly,"" asserting that there is no substantial evidence to support the claim that Kipling was homosexual. He termed Seymour-Smith's comments a rather ""pathetic attempt"" to offer new insights about Kipling's character and insisted that they lacked credible backing. This exchange highlights the tension between different interpretations of historical figures, particularly in relation to their personal lives and how those may inform their creative output. The discussion reflects broader societal attitudes towards sexuality and the interpretation of literary genius in the context of their private lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890208_2_64_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890208.2.64.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,602852400
6416,09,02,1989,"No New Clues To Death (Press, 9 February 1989)","Peter Plumley-Walker, a cricket umpire from Auckland, has been the subject of a police investigation following his mysterious disappearance and subsequent death. Friends of Plumley-Walker have been unable to provide authorities with information that could aid the investigation. The police have established a connection between Plumley-Walker and the homosexual community; however, no individuals have stepped forward with information linking his personal life to the discovery of his body. His naked and bound corpse was found at Huka Falls, located near Taupo. On Monday, his driver’s licence was also discovered beside State Highway One, just north of Taupo, and was handed over to police as part of the inquiry.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890209_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890209.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,602938800
6829,11,02,1989,"Crisis After Cliche (Press, 11 February 1989)","Published in 1989, Diane Prout reviews Ann Macrae's novel ""Awful Childhoods,"" a comedic take on the complexities of modern womanhood. The central character, Chris Daniels, is a solo mother and postie whose life is overwhelmed by the crises of those around her. As she reflects on her tumultuous relationships, her thoughts turn to her entangled existence shaped by neurohormonal conflicts and societal expectations. Chris finds herself repeatedly embroiled in the unfinished business of others. Her ex-husband, having dumped his latest wife, drops a chaotic situation involving numerous children on her doorstep while he pursues his pregnant mistress. Additionally, her friend Marion pressures her into a paternity suit during a particularly hectic time, further complicating her already busy life. Chris’s struggles are amplified by dishonest builders taking advantage of her situation, and the alluring distraction posed by her best friend's attractive husband, who complicates her emotional state. The narrative navigates various crises Chris faces, hinting at the exhausting ""neurohormonal activity"" inherent in her experiences. Macrae seems to critique not just the struggles women face in such situations but also the societal attitudes represented by the male characters. The book presents an assortment of clichés and farcical domestic scenarios, which Prout suggests might be perceived as a tragi-comedy. Despite the humorous undertone, there is an awareness of the deeper issues at play—an indictment of contemporary male behaviour and the broader societal expectations placed on women. The review concludes that while Macrae's writing aims to be a wry affirmation of life, it feels more like an entertaining soap opera than a profound commentary. The novel features a couple of heroic figures, including a building inspector who saves Chris from financial ruin and a lawyer who aids in the paternity suit. Yet, for the reader, the overarching theme remains the chaotic tapestry of modern relationships and the struggle to find personal fulfilment amidst societal and personal chaos. Through Chris's journey, Macrae crafts a humorous yet pointed exploration of the challenges faced by women in contemporary New Zealand life.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890211_2_120_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890211.2.120.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,603111600
6417,13,02,1989,"Gays Speak Out On Murder Inquiry (Press, 13 February 1989)","On 13 February 1989, the Gays and Lesbians Against Discrimination Organisation (Glad) made a public appeal for information regarding the murder of Peter Plumley-Walker, a 51-year-old cricket umpire whose body was discovered in the Waikato River, downstream from the Huka Falls, a week prior. Following the disclosure of Plumley-Walker's homosexuality, Glad urged anyone with knowledge of the case, especially within the gay community, to come forward. A spokesman for Glad, Paul Kinder, highlighted the lack of trust between gay individuals and the police, attributing this distrust to the police's historical anti-gay policies and attitudes. He expressed concerns that the negative reaction to Plumley-Walker's sexual orientation could further dissuade gay individuals from providing vital information to law enforcement. The psychology behind the appeal was intensified by evidence from Radio New Zealand, which indicated that Plumley-Walker led a ""double"" life, suggesting complexities in his character that contrasted with his socially accepted role as a senior figure in cricket. Reports revealed that he had a criminal record dating back to 1986, when he was convicted of an offence for committing an indecent act. His prior conviction included a fine of $400 and $35 in costs, suggesting that any assumptions made about his life and character could be misleading. Kinder expressed concern that the police's discovery of Plumley-Walker's homosexuality might skew their investigation, prompting a focus on his sexual orientation rather than a thorough examination of the murder itself. He called for the investigation to be approached like any other homicide, regardless of the victim's sexuality. Kinder emphasised that it was essential for law enforcement to shift away from viewing gay men solely as victims, urging a more nuanced understanding of the murder that could involve various motives or potential suspects. As the case unfolds, the involvement of the gay community in seeking justice for Plumley-Walker represents a significant moment in addressing the broader issues of trust and safety for LGBTQ+ individuals in New Zealand, particularly in light of how they are treated within the justice system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890213_2_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890213.2.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,603284400
7904,15,02,1989,"‘pornographer’s Delight’ — Bartlett (Press, 15 February 1989)","In a recent response to a government report on pornography, morals campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett has expressed strong disapproval, claiming it serves as “a pornographer’s delight.” As the secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, Bartlett criticised the committee for seemingly endorsing the legalisation of hard-core pornography, stating that it only prohibited child pornography and extreme violence, while overlooking the proliferation of pornography across New Zealand. Bartlett highlighted her concerns about public health, noting that the report did not address the potential spread of A.I.D.S. if individuals were to mimic acts depicted in pornographic material. She also expressed apprehension about a recommendation to merge the Indecent Publications Tribunal with the Video Recording Authority and the Film Censor, warning that this would dilute the tribunal’s standards, aligning them with those of the other two entities. She dismissed the seven criteria detailed in the report as “nothing new” and lamented that the more stringent tripartite test previously applied by the tribunal had been disregarded. Additionally, Bartlett accused the report of deviating from its intended focus on pornography, stating it had adopted an agenda aligned with feminist viewpoints. She pointed specifically to the suggestion that women should hold half of primary school principal positions as being outside the scope of the report's terms of reference, which was meant to address issues surrounding pornography rather than broader gender equity concerns. Her critique extended to proposals advocating for increased funding for women's erotica and a wider implementation of sex education and contraception teaching in schools, which she opposed. Overall, Bartlett's reaction to the report has left her and her organisation feeling sidelined in their efforts to combat pornography in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890215_2_39.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890215.2.39,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,603457200
6418,17,02,1989,"Cable Briefs (Press, 17 February 1989)","On 17 February 1989, a fragile truce was observed between Regular Army troops and hardline militiamen in Lebanon after intense fighting resulted in 50 deaths and 110 injuries. The conflict erupted as the troops clashed with the Christian Lebanese Forces militia, turning Christian areas into a battleground for 12 hours. In Israeli-Palestinian relations, a senior adviser to Deputy Prime Minister Shimon Peres held significant discussions with Palestinian activist Faisal al-Husseini, marking the highest-level talks between Israelis and pro-P.L.O. Palestinians to date. Al-Husseini had recently been released after an 18-month imprisonment without trial. The meetings took place in Jerusalem and involved exchanges of perspectives among several legislators from Peres's Labour Party. In a notable court case in Los Angeles, a jury awarded $14.5 million to Marc Christian, the former partner of actor Rock Hudson, who claimed that Hudson had concealed his AIDS diagnosis to continue their sexual relationship. The court found Hudson's actions amounted to “outrageous conduct,” causing Christian significant emotional distress upon learning the truth in July 1985, although he has tested negative for the disease. Internationally, Nigeria and Australia urged for sustained global efforts against South Africa's apartheid. Nigerian President Ibrahim Babangida conveyed this sentiment during a visit from Australian Foreign Minister Gareth Evans. In a controversial marriage, a 70-year-old Saudi man wed a 12-year-old girl, despite objections from the bride's grandfather, revealing divergent viewpoints on marriage laws within Islamic culture. Canadian scientists reported alarming findings regarding the ozone layer, revealing that frozen nitric acid clouds were depleting it above the North Pole. The researchers confirmed the presence of a ‘bite’ in the ozone layer, highlighting environmental concerns tied to the acid clouds. Prince Philip commenced a five-day trip to Lagos to support a campaign aimed at protecting Nigeria’s endangered gorillas, serving as the international president of the World Wide Fund for Nature. In a troubling incident in Tehran, Iranian police apprehended an eight-year-old girl and her family for trafficking heroin, underscoring serious issues of drug abuse within families. An avant-garde art exhibition in Peking faced security threats that led to its temporary closure, as police responded to warnings that the gallery could be bombed. Concerns over lasting environmental effects of the Chernobyl disaster resurfaced after reports of deformed animals on a Ukrainian farm, with alarming accounts of calves being born without heads and pigs with serious deformities. In maritime news, a Dutch chemical tanker sank during severe weather in the Algerian port of Skikda, with only two of the 29 crew members rescued, leaving the fate of the others uncertain. Finally, actress Jane Fonda and her husband Tom Hayden decided on a trial separation after 15 years of marriage, adding to the highlights of the day’s news.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890217_2_57_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890217.2.57.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,603630000
6419,18,02,1989,"Aust, Cricket Team ‘load Of Woofters’ (Press, 18 February 1989)","On 18 February 1989, a controversy involving an Alice Springs magistrate, Denis Barritt, and the Australian cricket team made headlines, igniting a spirited response from the British tabloid, the ""Daily Express."" Barritt had taken a swing at the team’s reputation, suggesting they exhibited ""homo-sexual-type behaviour"" and engaged in ""unmanly activities on the field,"" statements that roused strong reactions from various quarters. The ""Daily Express"" echoed sentiments widespread in Britain, declaring that the Australian cricket team was viewed unfavourably, referring to them as a ""load of woofters,"" a derogatory term implying a lack of masculinity. The newspaper relished the controversy, particularly focusing on Australian fast bowler Merv Hughes, suggesting he was unfairly spotlighted in this discussion. Despite the serious implications of Barritt's remarks, the ""Express"" drew comic relief from Hughes’ persona, portraying him as a hyper-masculine character, comparable to action hero Rambo, who enjoys drinking beer and using strong language. The tabloid noted the phenomenon of ""Merv mania"" sweeping through Australia, observing fans sporting Merv moustaches as a sign of admiration for the player. In response to Barritt's comments, the Australian Cricket Board (A.C.B.) expressed strong disapproval, with chief executive David Richards declaring the remarks defamatory to each member of the team. The A.C.B. took the matter seriously and had the incident referred to solicitors, indicating potential legal action in response to the accusations. The ""Daily Express"" mirrored this frustration, labelling the comments as both insulting and a serious affront to the team's reputation, using the phrase ""unfair dinkum, mate"" to emphasise their disbelief and condemnation of Barritt's statements. The story reflects not only tensions in the world of sports but also prevailing attitudes towards masculinity in Australian culture during the late 1980s, as well as the sensitive nature of accusations regarding sexual orientation in public discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890218_2_48.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890218.2.48,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,603716400
6420,22,02,1989,"Why Salman Rushdie’s Book Has Stirred Muslims To... (Press, 22 February 1989)","The controversy surrounding Salman Rushdie's novel ""The Satanic Verses"" escalated significantly following a fatwa issued by Ayatollah Khomeiny of Iran in February 1989, calling for Rushdie's execution for blasphemy. This directive sent shockwaves through both the Muslim world and the secular West, prompting widespread horror and outrage. The book, though likely read by only a few thousand people globally, sparked intense reactions reminiscent of historical blasphemy cases in Christian contexts. Khomeiny's announcement did not just express disapproval; it was a death sentence that reflected deeper religious tensions. While secular perspectives might dismiss the gravity of the situation, historical parallels show that western societies have also reacted vehemently to perceived blasphemy. For instance, a British newspaper was prosecuted for printing a poem that suggested Christ might have had homosexual inclinations. Such comparisons underscore the sensitive nature of faith within diverse cultures and belief systems. Rushdie, whose background as an Indian-born Muslim now residing in Britain complicates the narrative, faced immediate repercussions. His book has incited protests, including a notable incident in Bradford, England, where copies of ""The Satanic Verses"" were burned, leading to violent riots and fatalities in India. The outrage stems from two primary accusations against Rushdie: abandoning Islam and insulting the Prophet Muhammad. Specific elements of the book have been particularly provocative, including a section that incorporates names of the Prophet's wives into a narrative about brothels, and a suggestion that the Koran, rather than being divinely revealed, was authored by Muhammad, who was misled by Satan at one point. These assertions, though grounded in historical interpretations by a Persian historian from the 10th century, have provoked a modern backlash that appears unprecedented. Rushdie is labelled as mahdur ad-damm, signifying that his blood is deemed unclean and thus warranting his death at the hands of true Muslims. He is accused of being an agent of corruption, of declaring war on Allah, and of being a murtad—one who has forsaken their faith—each carrying a death penalty under Islamic law. While Rushdie’s position as a well-educated and prominent figure in British literature suggests he might have anticipated some backlash for his provocative work, the severity of the threats and the resulting violence were unforeseen outcomes. Critics within the literary community have provided mixed reviews of Rushdie’s writing, with some calling his prose elaborate yet self-indulgent. Ultimately, the incident reflects a broader clash between free expression and religious sensibilities, highlighting the potential perils of literature that challenges deeply held beliefs. As tensions flare, there is hope that the uproar will diminish, allowing for a return to a calmer discourse around sensitive topics.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890222_2_91.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890222.2.91,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,604062000
7557,23,02,1989,"A.i.d.s.-deatbs Forecast (Press, 23 February 1989)","In a startling report published on 23 February 1989, the Office of Population, Censuses and Surveys provided a grim forecast indicating that up to 200,000 individuals in England and Wales could die from A.I.D.S. by the year 2025. This projection is based on optimistic estimates regarding the number of people within high-risk groups who are expected to contract the HIV virus and subsequently develop full-blown A.I.D.S. The findings anticipate a rise in annual deaths, estimating around 13,000 deaths per year from A.I.D.S. by the late 1990s. The report underscores the urgent need for public health interventions to address the escalating HIV epidemic and its associated health consequences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890223_2_118_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890223.2.118.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,604148400
7408,23,02,1989,"New Legislation Called For In Equality Fight (Press, 23 February 1989)","On 23 February 1989, South Island Human Rights Commissioner Ms Diana Shand discussed the urgent need for new legislation to protect vulnerable groups in society, particularly children, the elderly, and individuals with AIDS and physical disabilities. Having held her position since 1985, Shand expressed concerns regarding the rise in human rights violations during times of economic hardship, suggesting that societal changes have led to increased discrimination. Shand emphasised the necessity for tolerance and inclusivity, arguing that access to training, employment, and housing is essential for a society’s wellbeing. She stated, “A society without access is a society without hope,” highlighting the grim conditions faced by those who are marginalised. She pointed out that current frameworks fail to adequately protect children, the elderly, and those with disabilities, with specific mention of the lack of a national constituency for people with physical impairments. Despite institutions moving towards integration for individuals with disabilities, Shand argued that societal perceptions still tend to focus on disabilities rather than abilities. She raised alarms over the implications of AIDS, labelling it a “time bomb” that would impact everyone while also noting the discrimination faced by those living with the disease. Shand recounted a disturbing incident where an employee was evicted from company housing for caring for a relative with AIDS, exemplifying the prejudice present in society. Additionally, Shand addressed the issue of ageism in New Zealand, highlighting a troubling trend where employers favour candidates within a narrow age range while seeking experience akin to older generations. She remarked that with an ageing population, the implications of age discrimination are increasingly critical and tragic. In her call for change, Shand advocated for a dedicated children’s rights commissioner to act as a guardian of young people's interests, asserting that children are frequently overlooked in the existing rights framework. She stressed that despite some progress in promoting equality, more efforts are required to ensure that individuals of different genders and cultural backgrounds are recognised and valued in the workplace. Shand’s background and experiences contribute to her understanding of these societal issues. She received her education in diverse environments, from a high country sheep station to an American field scholarship at a boarding school. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Political Science and an MBA from Canadian institutions, and her professional journey has included roles in data processing, teaching, and university lecturing. In sum, Ms Shand's reflections highlight the persistent challenges of discrimination and the need for comprehensive measures to support equality across various demographic groups in New Zealand. Her insights underscore the importance of fostering skills and understanding across genders and cultures to promote a more inclusive society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890223_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890223.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,604148400
6421,27,02,1989,"A.I.D.S.—an Epidemic Already, But How Big Will It... (Press, 27 February 1989)","In a report published on 27 February 1989, ""The Economist"" examined the A.I.D.S. epidemic in the United States, highlighting the potential for significant growth in the number of cases despite public complacency. Three years prior, there was widespread concern about the possibility of the disease spreading to the heterosexual community; however, that alarm has lessened, and the disease continues to primarily affect homosexual men and intravenous-drug users. The Centres for Disease Control estimates that 1 million to 1.5 million Americans are currently infected with the H.I.V. virus, a figure that has remained unchanged since 1986. Nonetheless, there is a troubling rise in A.I.D.S. fatalities, with predictions suggesting that deaths in 1991 could reach as many as 50,000, the equivalent of those lost in the entire Vietnam War. The potential future cases of A.I.D.S. in 1992 could multiply significantly, yet most new infections will be from individuals already living with H.I.V. This uncertainty about the future of the epidemic is compounded by the lack of accurate data regarding the number of H.I.V. carriers in the population. The National Research Council (N.R.C.) calls for thorough surveys to determine how many Americans are infected with the H.I.V. virus, as the current estimates are based on indirect methods. These methods include estimating the population of at-risk groups such as homosexuals and drug addicts and extrapolating from existing A.I.D.S. data. Estimates of infected individuals vary widely due to the complexities of understanding the virus's latency period and the evolving nature of the epidemic. One solution proposed by the N.R.C. is to conduct random population surveys to get more accurate data. Previous studies have failed to capture a representative sample because they often focused on hospital patients or other specific groups. An example of this was the C.D.C.'s attempt to collect blood samples from Washington, D.C. which faced political backlash. The C.D.C. has since shifted its focus to Pittsburgh, where it is currently surveying households. This randomised survey approach is crucial, as it aims to target groups where the virus is prevalent while still maintaining randomness. Despite the promising nature of such studies, challenges remain, including public hesitation to participate in testing and the possibility that those who refuse to take part may skew the results. Disparities in A.I.D.S. incidence rates were noted among racial groups, with black and Hispanic populations being disproportionately affected. The report highlighted that a notable percentage of cases within these communities were due to heterosexual transmission, particularly among those connected with drug use. In conclusion, the report underscores the urgent need for accurate data to understand and address the A.I.D.S. epidemic in the United States, indicating that while the disease primarily remains within certain demographics today, its reach could expand significantly in the future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890227_2_115.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890227.2.115,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,604494000
6422,06,03,1989,"Balanced View Of Gay Culture Without Outrageous... (Press, 6 March 1989)","""Parting Glances,"" a film written and directed by Bill Sherwood, emerges as one of the first to present a balanced view of gay culture in 1989, steering clear of outrageous stereotypes. Set against the backdrop of Manhattan's Upper West Side, the film explores the lives of three-dimensional characters facing universal challenges. The narrative primarily follows Michael and Robert, played by Richard Ganoung and John Bolger, respectively, as they navigate the complexities of their relationship during Robert's impending departure for Africa, which is tied to his work at a global health organisation. The storyline unfolds over a 24-hour period, during which the young lovers confront their feelings amidst the reality of their friend, Nick, portrayed by Steve Buscemi, who is dying from AIDS. Conversations between Michael and Robert reveal both the strains of their relationship and Robert's emotional struggles regarding commitment and facing the loss of their friend. Sherwood effectively uses these interactions to depict the spectrum of responses to Nick’s condition from their social circle, providing a lens through which their characters are explored. While the subject matter includes the serious themes of illness and mortality, Sherwood manages to infuse humour and a sense of optimism throughout the film, particularly in its lighter moments such as dinner scenes and a farewell party. The dialogue reflects the sardonic wit characteristic of the Manhattan gay community and resonates with broader human experiences. Phrases used in the film, like “Pregnant with death from a disease transmitted through love — a Liebestod,” illustrate the poignant yet relatable nature of the characters' struggles. The film contributes to the evolving portrayal of gay life in cinema, moving away from previous portrayals that often emphasised tragedy or spectacle. In the past, Hollywood tended to shy away from openly addressing homosexuality. However, with the rise of gay awareness since the 1970s, films began to emerge that portrayed gay relationships more authentically. Despite this progress, films like ""Parting Glances"" have been rare in treating the subject matter in a straightforward, nuanced manner, similar to past films such as ""Making Love"" and ""Desert Hearts."" ""Parting Glances"" ultimately redefines the narrative surrounding gay culture, offering a fresh perspective that embraces human emotions and connections without sensationalism. This makes it more accessible and relatable to a broader audience, marking a significant moment in the evolution of LGBTQ+ representation in film. With its focus on relatable characters confronting love, loss, and the complexities of modern life, Sherwood’s film stands out as a pioneering contribution to the genre.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890306_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890306.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605102400
7333,07,03,1989,"P.s.a. Attacks Privatisation (Press, 7 March 1989)","The Public Service Association (P.S.A.) has announced a significant campaign, with a budget of $500,000, aimed at opposing the privatisation of State-owned assets in New Zealand in the lead-up to the 1990 election. This initiative draws inspiration from similar anti-privatisation campaigns in Britain, with a particular focus on preventing local government privatisations and the contracting out of public services, including local bus services and hospital cleaning. P.S.A. president Sue Pipper acknowledged that trade unions in Britain had faced challenges in stopping the sale of large government businesses. However, she noted that campaigns at smaller levels had seen success. The P.S.A.'s decision to invest substantial resources into this campaign is backed by opinion polls indicating that over 50 per cent of New Zealanders oppose privatisation. Notably, the only demographic showing support for privatisation were Labour party supporters, while National party and undecided voters displayed strong opposition. The campaign will take a structured approach, beginning with a period of public education before the end of March 1989, followed by the establishment of an inter-union coalition against privatisation and further activation of P.S.A. members. The campaign seeks to call for a moratorium on privatisation processes until a date is established for meaningful public debate on the issue, which would mean no new privatisation proposals in the upcoming Budgets of this year and next. As the campaign progresses towards the 1990 election, its goals will expand to ensure that privatisation remains a key electoral issue, and it will push for an all-party commitment that public funding for State-owned enterprises is regarded on equal terms with other investment funding, separate from the general government financial requirements. Pipper clarified that the P.S.A. is not categorically against all forms of privatisation or changes within the Public Service, but aims to restore the public sector's role as a growing component of the economy. The campaign is also part of broader negotiations to achieve a compact between the government and the trade union movement concerning the social wage, as privatisation impacts these issues. Despite criticisms that the initiative might be too late given the government's ongoing privatisation policies, Pipper expressed confidence that public sentiment is shifting, suggesting that people are now more ready to engage in proactive measures regarding these concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890307_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890307.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605188800
6423,07,03,1989,"Women With A.I.D.S. Seek Support (Press, 7 March 1989)","The article discusses the experiences of two Melbourne women, Bernice and Dana, who are HIV-positive and represent a growing, yet often overlooked, demographic in the AIDS crisis in Australia. Published on 7 March 1989, the piece highlights their struggles for recognition and support, as they believe that the focus has largely been on the homosexual community. Bernice, aged 37, and Dana, aged 26, are frustrated with the current understanding of AIDS as primarily a disease affecting gay men. They argue that women who contract HIV through heterosexual contact face unique challenges and concerns that have not been adequately addressed by organisations and support services. Bernice expresses her feelings of isolation, stating that she struggled to find others like herself in the same situation, feeling particularly distressed about issues such as the inability to have more children and worries about her son facing discrimination. Both women emphasize the need for more targeted support for women, including counselling that considers issues like child care and medical services specific to women's health. They initiated Positive Women Victoria, Australia's first organisation aimed at providing assistance to women living with AIDS, in an effort to foster a sense of community and support among women affected by the virus. The article shares insights into the stigma surrounding AIDS, particularly for women, who may be unfairly judged based on assumptions that they are inherently promiscuous or involved in high-risk behaviours. Bernice notes that this stigma affects their willingness to disclose their status, with both women having shared their condition with very few people, fearing judgement and ostracism. Moreover, they voice concerns about the lack of awareness among women regarding their risk of HIV infection, stemming from widespread misconceptions that only specific groups are at risk. Dana calls for improved education for women to understand their susceptibility to the virus and stresses the importance of being assertive about safe sexual practices. Bernice reflects on the journey since her diagnosis in 1984, noting how the AIDS crisis was initially viewed as a distant problem, and criticising the ongoing lack of awareness and acceptance of the disease among the wider community. The article concludes with statistics indicating that out of 1,168 reported AIDS cases in Australia, only 42 are women, highlighting the discrepancy between reported cases and the actual number of individuals infected with the virus, with estimates suggesting that there could be between 40,000 to 100,000 people infected. The discussion calls for greater recognition and support for women affected by HIV/AIDS, underlining their vital need for solidarity and understanding in navigating the impacts of the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890307_2_94_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890307.2.94.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605188800
6992,09,03,1989,"Clients Being Robbed? (Press, 9 March 1989)","On 9 March 1989, concerns arose in Auckland regarding transvestite prostitutes involved in stealing from their clients. Vice-squad detectives reported that these individuals were targeting clients for money and even vehicles. Many victims were reluctant to report the crimes due to embarrassment over the circumstances, but information from street informants indicated a troubling trend. Detective Sergeant Greg Farrant, who leads the Auckland vice squad, elaborated on the tactics used by the transvestites. After being engaged by clients, they would often be taken to isolated areas where, during moments when the clients were in a state of disarray, the transvestites would quickly snatch their wallets and, in some instances, make off with the vehicles. Farrant noted that the physical size of the transvestites often worked to their advantage in overpowering their clients, who were caught off guard during this intimate moment. Farrant further informed that the stolen cars were typically used by the transvestites solely for transport back to their work areas, only to be abandoned shortly thereafter. It was reported that around 40 prostitutes were operating in the Karangahape Road area, which has long been a hub for such activities. An increase in transvestite sex workers from Wellington was also noted, leading Farrant to suggest that this influx might be a contributing factor to the rising incidents of robbery. Detective Sergeant Farrant indicated that traditionally, female prostitutes did not pose the same level of challenges for law enforcement as their male counterparts. In response to the ongoing issues, he announced plans for a significant crackdown on the transvestite prostitution activities in Karangahape Road, hopeful that this initiative would help mitigate the problems in the near future.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890309_2_44.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890309.2.44,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605361600
7409,11,03,1989,"His Head Was On A Plate (Press, 11 March 1989)","On 11 March 1989, over 50,000 spectators filled the streets of inner Sydney for the annual Gay Mardi Gras parade, which is increasingly recognised as one of the world's largest and most vibrant street parades. The event featured more than 63 floats and around 5,000 participants, captivating the diverse audience that included families and curious onlookers drawn by the parade’s reputation for stunning design and staging. The floats showcased a variety of themes and characters, such as a giant Barbie doll, representations of Wonder Woman, and a playful display featuring Noddy and Big Ears. A standout float that stirred significant controversy depicted the head of Reverend Fred Nile, a prominent anti-homosexual campaigner, portrayed on a silver platter amidst colourful fruits. This particular float was carried by the “Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence,” a group of gay men dressed as nuns. The idea arose from comments made by Rev. Nile during a political debate, which were seen as an invitation for the float's creation. After expressing outrage over the float, Rev. Nile called for arrests and sought police intervention, claiming that the display was offensive and should not be permitted. However, the police stated that no legal action could be taken as no complaints were formally lodged. Despite his efforts to curtail the float’s appearance, the parade proceeded smoothly and culminated in a grand fireworks display. The festivities did not end with the parade, as approximately 10,000 participants remained for the traditional all-night celebration. Rev. Nile voiced further concerns, predicting that the event would draw many people living with AIDS to Sydney, but parade organisers countered that the event actively promoted safe sex and included the distribution of literature and pamphlets related to AIDS awareness. The first Gay Mardi Gras took place 12 years earlier in 1978, where it consisted of a single float and a small group of protestors. Since then, it has grown significantly in scale and visibility, evolving into an annual celebration that enlivened the Sydney social calendar and sparked ongoing debates, particularly from figures like Rev. Nile, who has often opposed the parade's message and festivities. Two years prior, Nile had even organised prayers for rain to cancel the event, which astonishingly came true and led to the parade being abandoned. Overall, the Mardi Gras continues to be a focal point of cultural expression and advocacy within Sydney, celebrating diversity while simultaneously igniting discussions about moral values and representation in the public sphere.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890311_2_117_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890311.2.117.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605534400
6830,14,03,1989,"Women’s Ministry Head Hears Worries (Press, 14 March 1989)","On 14 March 1989, Dr Judith Aitken, the newly appointed head of the Ministry of Women’s Affairs, met with 30 women from various groups in Christchurch to discuss pressing issues affecting women in the community. Attendees included representatives from organisations such as Women Against Violence, health groups, the Christchurch City Council, the Labour Department, and the Housing for Women’s Trust. This visit marked Dr Aitken’s first engagement in the city since her appointment in 1988. One of the key concerns raised during the meeting was the lack of funding for the wages of community workers. Ms Anna Thorpe, one of the organisers of the meeting, highlighted that most of the government’s financial support for community groups tends to focus on new projects rather than sustaining existing initiatives. This creates challenges in maintaining essential services that support women and families. Another significant topic discussed was the importance of having women involved in the creation and governance of area health boards. The attendees expressed the necessity of female representation in these decision-making bodies, emphasising the unique perspectives and needs that women bring to health care policy. Following the discussions, Dr Aitken noted that the Ministry was engaged in a government-established working party aimed at addressing funding for groups that assist victims of sexual abuse. This initiative stems from a decision made by the Accident Compensation Corporation the previous year, which sought to eliminate funding for all health professionals, excluding physiotherapists. Such a move would have had detrimental effects on counselling services across the board. To counter this, the government had provisionally funded these services, while the working party was tasked with preparing a report on the funding situation within six months. Dr Aitken also mentioned that a key component of the Ministry’s role would be to encourage other government departments to re-evaluate their funding policies, particularly in light of the increasing trend towards devolving funding responsibilities to local communities. Overall, the meeting exemplified the collaborative efforts of women from various sectors in advocating for better support and representation in policies that directly affect their lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890314_2_49.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890314.2.49,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605793600
7558,16,03,1989,"Expert Warns Of New Wave Of A.i.d.s. (Press, 16 March 1989)","On 16 March 1989, Dr Martin Tobias, a medical virologist at the National Health Institute, emphasised the need for proactive measures to prevent a potential new wave of AIDS infections caused by the recently identified second strain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), known as HIV2. Dr Tobias had attended the inaugural international meeting on HIV2 at the World Health Organisation headquarters in Geneva. Although HIV2 was discovered in 1986 and research on it was limited, Dr Tobias noted that it shared similarities with HIV1, leading to the same disease, AIDS. However, it was a distinct virus, with new testing methods for its detection being developed only recently. HIV2 was primarily endemic to West Africa, particularly in Portuguese and French-speaking nations, with minimal instances reported outside these regions. Dr Tobias highlighted a few cases in Europe, the United States, and Canada; all of these cases could be traced back to individuals who had sexual encounters with West Africans. He underscored the importance of preventing a second wave of AIDS, citing preliminary research from the University of Dakar in Senegal, in collaboration with Harvard University, which suggested that HIV2 might be less virulent than HIV1 and may have a longer incubation period. Furthermore, individuals suffering from AIDS due to HIV2 seemed to have a longer survival time compared to those with HIV1-related AIDS. Dr Tobias theorised that HIV1 and HIV2 could share a common ancestor, and he indicated the possibility of other related retroviruses yet to be discovered. He expressed concern about the implications for New Zealand, suggesting that if HIV2 were to enter the country, it would likely do so through visitors from West Africa or through individuals who had sexual interaction with such visitors. He cautioned that if the virus infiltrated New Zealand's intravenous drug-using community, it could potentially spread rapidly, with sexual transmission also posing a risk. To monitor the situation, the institute planned to test blood samples from high-risk groups for both HIV1 and HIV2. Additionally, Dr Tobias noted that blood transfusion services might need to adjust their donor screening processes in the future to inquire about contact with individuals from West Africa and potentially exclude such donors to mitigate risk.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890316_2_108_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890316.2.108.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605966400
7559,16,03,1989,"Moves To Rid Young Unemployed Of Stress (Press, 16 March 1989)","The National Youth Council is investigating methods to provide survival information to unemployed youth and ensure their representation on Regional Employment and Access Councils. This issue was a central topic at the council's hui in Christchurch on the weekend of 11-12 March 1989. During the hui, various working parties were established to explore ways to alleviate the stress that unemployment places on young people. Mr Robert Winters, the council’s media spokesman, noted the government's encouragement for young individuals to extend their education by staying longer in schools or pursuing tertiary pathways, but he acknowledged that these options were not viable for everyone. He expressed concern about the state of the education system, stating that many youth are seeking relevant education but feel neglected by the government, which he accused of producing bureaucratic policies without engaging those actually impacted by unemployment. The National Youth Council previously conducted the Youth Mental Health Project, which revealed that unemployment is a significant factor contributing to mental health issues among young individuals. Furthermore, the hui brought attention to discussions surrounding human rights. The council has expressed its desire to advocate for an amendment to the Human Rights Act to include protections against discrimination based on age, disability, sexual orientation, and HIV status. They plan to draft a submission and collaborate with other groups to lobby for these important changes. A representative from Crosses and Arrows, a support group for young lesbians and homosexuals, shared during the hui that the mental health of LGBTQ+ youth is negatively impacted by their lack of legal rights. He encouraged attendees to write to their members of Parliament to show support for the inclusion of gay rights in the proposed Human Rights Bill. Overall, the Youth Council is committed to addressing human rights issues, particularly regarding the discrimination faced by young people, and aims to empower them by ensuring they have a significant voice in policymaking that affects their lives.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890316_2_130.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890316.2.130,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,605966400
6424,18,03,1989,"Official Status For Gay Couples (Press, 18 March 1989)","City leaders in San Francisco are poised to introduce a groundbreaking ordinance aimed at redefining the concept of family. This proposed regulation will extend the definition to encompass homosexual couples and provide some of the benefits currently reserved for married couples to unmarried partners, thereby enhancing support for extended families as well. A key feature of this ""domestic partnership"" proposal is the establishment of a formal registration process for gay couples at city hall, where they can receive certificates akin to marriage licences. Heterosexual couples seeking public acknowledgment of their relationship would also be eligible for these certificates. Under the new ordinance, both homosexual and unmarried heterosexual partners would gain legal recognition in matters related to real estate and lease contracts, affording them rights that were previously exclusive to married couples. Moreover, employee benefits for city and county workers will see significant improvements; sick leave provisions for individuals whose partners or parents are gravely ill would be broadened, and child care policies would be standardised across different city departments. The proposal will also ensure that partners have visitation rights at hospitals and jails, placing them on equal footing with traditional family members. Additionally, the needs of parents living with adult children will be taken into account regarding insurance and sick leave benefits. While the ordinance will not directly impose requirements on private businesses, the architects of the legislation hope that domestic partner certificates will inspire employers to extend similar benefits to gay couples. Tom Dimaria, a representative from the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force in Washington, highlighted the significance of the ordinance, remarking that such a comprehensive initiative is unprecedented in the United States and reflects a milestone achievement in the ongoing struggle for LGBTQ+ rights on a national level. The proposal demonstrates a progressive step towards inclusivity and recognition for diverse family structures in the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890318_2_113.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890318.2.113,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,606139200
7071,18,03,1989,"Scratches That Survive (Press, 18 March 1989)","Evan Eisenberg's ""The Recording Angel,"" published by Picador in 1988, provides a thoughtful and original examination of the impact of recorded music on individuals and society. The book's central thesis posits that recorded music is a distinct art form that differs significantly from live music, akin to the difference between film and theatre. Eisenberg traces the evolution of phonography, which began with the advent of the first popular phonograph in 1906, marking a pivotal shift in how music is perceived and consumed. Music transitioned into a commodity that could be traded and accrued, often leading to a sense of detachment from the experience of live performance. Eisenberg draws from a diverse range of sources, including philosophers like Aristotle and modern musicians such as Frank Zappa, highlighting the varied influences that have shaped recorded music. He introduces readers to a cast of characters, such as Clarence, a deaf man living in Brooklyn surrounded by hundreds of thousands of records, and Tomas, a physicist and drag queen who passionately performs opera in his bedroom. These examples illustrate the complex relationship people have with recorded music, showcasing both its cultural significance and personal resonance. The book pays tribute to influential recording artists and producers like Louis Armstrong, Phil Spector, and The Beatles, exploring their contributions to the medium. Eisenberg's writing is characterised by its wit and intellectual rigour, prompting readers to reconsider their understanding of music in all its forms. Ultimately, ""The Recording Angel"" invites music enthusiasts to reflect on the profound and often underappreciated impact of recorded music in shaping our lives and societies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890318_2_132_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890318.2.132.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,606139200
7226,18,03,1989,"Swine For All Seasons (Press, 18 March 1989)","""Citizen Cohn,"" authored by Nicholas Von Hoffman and published by Century Hutchinson in 1988, is a comprehensive biography detailing the controversial life of Roy Cohn, a lawyer notorious for his connections to power and his role as a fixer. The book explores Cohn's rise to prominence in American society, portraying him as a figure who navigated through major historical events with the cunning of a mythical creature. Regarded at the peak of his career as the most formidable lawyer in America, Cohn was deeply entrenched in a network that linked him from the Reagan administration to organised crime. His clientele included influential figures across various sectors, establishing him as a pivotal force in American politics and society. Born into a New York Democratic Jewish household, Cohn's eventual alignment with far-right Republicans showcased a notable ideological shift throughout his life. Cohn's personal life was riddled with scandal. While he was a fixture in elite social circles, he kept his homosexuality hidden until he was terminally ill with AIDS-related cancer. The latter years of his life were marked by disgrace, culminating in his disbarment and allegations of unethical conduct, including accusations of jumping queues for medical treatment. Von Hoffman's portrayal of Cohn reveals a man who was far more a manipulative and unscrupulous figure than a legally proficient lawyer. His history includes serving on the prosecution team for the Rosenbergs and as chief counsel during the infamous McCarthy hearings. His close association with J. Edgar Hoover further illustrates his controversial status, as both men shared a vendetta against Robert Kennedy. As the biography unfolds, Cohn’s reputation is shown to be a fabrication maintained through manipulation rather than genuine legal expertise. Von Hoffman highlights the victims left in Cohn's wake, including clients who suffered due to his unscrupulous practices. The paradox of Cohn's life is that even as he was a significant player in the dynamics of American power, he also faced numerous indictments and charges of professional misconduct. Ultimately, ""Citizen Cohn"" provides a profound insight into the complexities of power, morality, and societal reflection in contemporary America. The book suggests that Cohn’s existence and the eventual fall from grace serves as a commentary on the moral fabric of the society that allowed him to thrive. The narrative invites readers to contemplate the implications of Cohn's legacy and its resonances in a society that sometimes rewards the unscrupulous.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890318_2_132_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890318.2.132.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,606139200
7560,21,03,1989,"Code On A.i.d.s. For Insurers (Press, 21 March 1989)","On 21 March 1989, the Life Officers’ Association of New Zealand issued a new code of practice for life insurance companies concerning the handling of H.I.V. test results and the implications for policy decision-making in light of the growing concern about A.LD.S. The association urged its members to maintain strict confidentiality regarding H.I.V. test results and to avoid making policy decisions based on an individual’s sexual orientation. Instead, the focus should be on the specific at-risk activities undertaken by individuals. The chief executive officer of the association, Mr Boyd Klap, highlighted the need for a delicate balance between commercial interests and sensitivity to the subject of A.LD.S. He noted that this is the first time a life-threatening illness has prompted such a dedicated code of practice in the insurance industry. In New Zealand, claims related to A.LD.S. deaths had already reached a total of $500,000, reflecting the seriousness of the issue. The statistics provided by Mr Brian Sivell, the New Zealand manager of Mercantile and General Reinsurance Ltd, indicated that the number of A.LD.S. deaths could surpass road-related fatalities in the country by 1993. As of February 1989, there were 115 reported cases of full-blown A.LD.S. in New Zealand, resulting in 50 deaths. These figures were compared to Australia, which reported 1,239 cases and 591 deaths, while the United States had recorded 84,985 cases with 48,582 deaths. However, Sivell suggested that advancements in prevention and treatment could lead to fewer fatalities than anticipated. According to the new code, insurance companies are required to inquire whether applicants are H.I.V. positive and whether they engage in activities that pose a significant risk for acquiring the virus. Insurers have the option to mandate H.I.V. testing for applicants seeking coverage above certain thresholds, typically set at $250,000 or $300,000. Even if coverage is below these amounts, a test can be requested based on reasonable assumptions about the applicant’s risk exposure derived from their personal statements or related questionnaires. The code stipulates that all positive H.I.V. test results must be securely filed separately and should be overseen by a company medical officer or a senior underwriter. Applicants may need to disclose whether they have engaged in high-risk behaviours since 1980, including sexual encounters with prostitutes, male-to-male anal sex, or the use of non-prescribed injected drugs. Additionally, the code prohibits insurance companies from making adverse decisions solely based on an applicant's known or suspected sexual orientation, or previous discussions about H.I.V. testing, particularly when results are negative or unknown. A pamphlet is to be distributed to clients explaining how questions regarding A.LD.S. are part of the process that differentiates among risk levels to protect the funds of policyholders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890321_2_32.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890321.2.32,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,606398400
6993,22,03,1989,"Blades Put In Cannabis Plants (Press, 22 March 1989)","On 22 March 1989, a man named Murray Alan Thomas, aged 29, was sentenced to nine months of periodic detention in the District Court due to serious drug-related offences. Judge Frampton emphasised the severity of Thomas's actions, which included embedding razor blades in the stems of cannabis plants as a means to prevent theft. The incidents occurred between 11 November 1988 and 20 February 1989. Thomas faced charges of cultivating cannabis, supplying it, and recklessly placing devices likely to injure others. When police executed a search warrant at Thomas's residence in Woolston, they discovered 310 grams of dried cannabis, 500 cannabis seeds, and ten large cannabis plants that measured 1.2 metres high with a diameter of 92 centimetres in his garden. The embedded razor blades were alarming, with some plants containing as many as five blades. Despite the dangerous method used to protect his plants, Thomas claimed that the cannabis was solely for his personal use and that he also supplied some to friends. His lawyer, Mr Mark Callaghan, argued for a non-custodial sentence, stating that there were no reported injuries from the razor blades. In a separate case, Phyllis Andrea Wilson, a 33-year-old sickness beneficiary and male transvestite, was fined $250 after admitting to obscenely exposing himself on Sherborne Street on 7 March 1989. Senior-Sergeant Ray Pope reported that Wilson was attempting to attract customers while naked in a dimly lit room with the curtains drawn back. Due to the nature of the offence and the need to deter similar behaviour, the Judge ordered immediate payment of the fine, warning that failure to comply would result in a 14-day prison sentence. Two passersby witnessed the incident, leading to Wilson's conviction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890322_2_80_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890322.2.80.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,606484800
7561,29,03,1989,"A.i.d.s. Code Needs Fine Tuning—dept (Press, 29 March 1989)","Nancy Fithian, the co-ordinator for the Health Department's A.I.D.S. Taskforce, has called for greater emphasis on counselling in the insurance industry’s new code of practice regarding A.I.D.S. testing. Released by the Life Offices’ Association, the code aims to guide insurance agents on handling cases related to H.I.V. However, Fithian expressed concerns, stating that the code does not sufficiently highlight the importance of pre-test and post-test counselling, which she considers crucial in the H.I.V. testing process. While she acknowledged the code's provision of information regarding the implications of counselling, Fithian noted that many doctors may lack the necessary experience in providing adequate counselling. Therefore, she suggested that testing should ideally be conducted by specialised A.I.D.S. or sexually transmitted diseases clinics, where trained professionals can offer the appropriate support. Fithian also emphasised the necessity for the Life Offices’ Association to reflect the changes in behaviour and attitudes that have arisen in New Zealand since the inception of A.I.D.S. prevention efforts. She believes that the evolving landscape necessitates a more nuanced approach in the industry’s guidance for insurance agents. Overall, she sees the new code as a positive step but insists that improvements are essential to ensure comprehensive care and support for individuals undergoing H.I.V. testing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890329_2_116.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890329.2.116,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,607089600
6425,31,03,1989,"‘The Color Purple’ (Press, 31 March 1989)","In response to Dr Lockwood Smith's objections to the inclusion of Alice Walker's ""The Color Purple"" as a school text, letters published on 31 March 1989 express strong opinions on the broader issue of book banning in schools. A.J.R. Harre criticises Dr Smith for appearing to promote this dated trend, suggesting that he could easily find reasons to ban numerous revered New Zealand authors due to potentially controversial themes in their works. Harre references Keri Hulme's ""The Bone People,"" Maurice Gee’s ""Plumb"" trilogy, and the writings of Sam Hunt, highlighting issues like child abuse, homosexual characters, and substance use. He argues that Dr Smith's approach seems to exhibit a ""head-in-the-sand"" mentality and encourages fostering a love for reading instead of censorship. In a separate letter, Susan Taylor addresses the importance of ""The Color Purple,"" emphasizing that the experiences described in the book resonate with many school children who have faced abuse. She asserts that reading about protagonist Celie's struggles provides validation and hope to those who may feel despair. Taylor supports the depiction of the supportive relationship between women in the novel, stressing its role in Celie's journey towards self-empowerment. She contends that the book is not pornography but rather a profound exploration of emotional struggles and triumphs, aimed at fostering understanding and compassion. Both letters reflect a strong sentiment against censorship in literature, advocating for the reading of challenging works that can help students confront and process complex realities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890331_2_68_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890331.2.68.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,607262400
6831,31,03,1989,"A.I.D.S. Prejudice (Press, 31 March 1989)","At the Gay Lesbian Conference held on 30 March to 1 April 1989, held over the Easter weekend, it was revealed that homosexuals living with the A.I.D.S. virus were experiencing significant prejudice and fear not only from society at large but also from within their own community. Conference spokeswoman Ms Jo Crowley addressed this issue, describing it as a “real slap in the face” for many attendees. The conference, which drew approximately 300 participants from across the country, focused on the urgent need to address the isolation faced by individuals suffering from the disease. Ms Crowley emphasised the movement's commitment to alleviating this isolation and fostering a more inclusive and supportive environment for those affected. Additionally, the conference demonstrated support for the inclusion of gay, lesbian, and transsexual individuals under the Human Rights Commission Act, highlighting ongoing efforts to advocate for equal rights and protection against discrimination. The discussions and decisions made at this event reflected the broader struggle for acceptance and dignity within both the LGBTQ+ community and wider society during a time of significant health crises and social challenges.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890331_2_121.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890331.2.121,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,607262400
6426,03,04,1989,"Comedy, Horror Features Examples Of Overkill (Press, 3 April 1989)","The news story discusses three movies currently playing in cinemas as of 3 April 1989, highlighting their themes and overall reception. The first film, ""A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master,"" is directed by Renny Harlin and continues the popular horror series featuring Freddy Krueger, a supernatural killer haunting the dreams of teenagers. The review points out that while sequels often fail to match their predecessors, the ""Elm Street"" series stands out due to its originality and impressive special effects. The film's plot revolves around Freddy seeking revenge on his killers through nightmarish scenarios, with vivid imagery showcasing the creativity of dream sequences. The review implies that the premise of a supernatural villain is getting somewhat tired but acknowledges that the film still manages to deliver engaging visuals. The second film, ""The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad!"" directed by David Zucker, is a satire of police films that falls flat in delivering fresh humour. The review suggests that the comedic approach of piling on jokes leads to a sense of obligation to laugh rather than genuine amusement. Leslie Nielsen stars as a police lieutenant solving a plot against the Queen during a baseball game. While the film lacks the wittiness of previous Z.A.Z. productions, it is still deemed better than the ""Police Academy"" series, signalling its mediocre reception. Lastly, ""Beyond Gravity,"" directed by Garth Maxwell, is a New Zealand film that offers a simpler love story between two young men, Richard and Johnny. Shot in Auckland, the film focuses on their brief friendship, highlighting themes of love and resilience in the face of societal challenges, particularly in the context of the AIDS crisis. Maxwell aims to create an entertaining narrative rather than delve deep into character exploration. The film's title evokes notions of space and freedom, symbolised through Richard’s interests, and its visual style is praised for its beauty. Despite its straightforward approach, ""Beyond Gravity"" is recognised as a commendable effort from a young filmmaker, showcasing the potential for future projects. Overall, the review expresses a mix of appreciation and criticism across the three films, indicating trends in audience interest and the evolving landscape of cinema at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890403_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890403.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,607521600
7562,04,04,1989,"Cable Briefs (Press, 4 April 1989)","On 4 April 1989, significant events occurred in various parts of the world. In Tunisia, the government reported a substantial voter turnout for parliamentary elections, with the ruling Democratic Constitutional Union winning the first eight declared seats by large margins. The Interior Ministry noted that 85.9 per cent of eligible voters participated in the districts where the counting was completed. In the presidential election, where President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali ran unopposed, voter turnout was reported at 82 per cent in the initial electoral districts to send in complete results. In Japan, authorities seized a Japanese fish carrier called the No. 1 Yutaka Maru, which was found to be carrying 30 tonnes of whale meat. This meat was allegedly acquired from illegal whalers in Taiwan. The vessel, weighing 70 tonnes, was stopped on Sunday near Ishigaki-jima Island by a Japanese patrol boat on suspicion of importing whale products. In London, Mohammed al-Fayed, the Egyptian-born owner of Harrods, issued a defiant statement regarding ongoing public opposition to his ownership of the department store. He asserted that only God could take Harrods away from him, following a campaign led by Roland ""Tiny"" Rowland and his mining company, Lonhro, which sought to challenge the Fayed brothers’ takeover of the House of Fraser. India took precautionary measures against potential health risks by withdrawing several blood-based products from the market after some were found to contain the A.I.D.S. virus. The government urged anyone who had used these products in the last two years to get tested for A.I.D.S. Reports indicated that various items, including fresh frozen plasma and vaccines for rabies and tetanus, had tested positive for H.I.V. antibodies. In Beirut, a toxic cloud generated by a massive fire at an oil terminal was reported to be spreading and posed a threat to neighbouring countries, including Israel, Syria, and Cyprus. Israeli experts estimated that the cloud, resulting from the explosion of a million-litre butane tank, covered an area 20km long and 7km wide. The fallout from this cloud raised concerns about potential health risks, including lung and skin cancer. The Israeli Health Ministry and meteorological officials were closely monitoring the situation and preparing for the possibility of the toxic cloud reaching Israeli territory.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890404_2_72_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890404.2.72.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,607608000
6540,07,04,1989,"Man Convicted For Incident At Cricket (Press, 7 April 1989)","On 6 April 1989, Kellie Allen Anderson, a 34-year-old transsexual beneficiary, was found guilty in the District Court of assault and other charges stemming from a disruptive incident at Lancaster Park during a Wellington-Canterbury cricket match on January 7. The event was halted for ten minutes when Anderson took the wickets and threw them into the crowd. Specific charges included assaulting a patron, Craig Anthony Sheriff, and possessing a knife with the intention to use it. Judge Cadenhead announced the verdict following a defended hearing, and remanded Anderson on bail until April 20 for a probation report and sentencing. During the proceedings, Anderson, who claimed to have experienced harassment from other patrons, admitted to being heavily intoxicated, having consumed two bottles of vodka during the match. He stated that he did not remember the details of the incidents nor the arrest. Mr Sheriff described how, while watching the match with friends, the game was delayed when Anderson threw the wickets and later climbed the scoreboard to engage with the crowd. When Anderson approached Sheriff’s group with a knife and wine bottle, hurling abuse and inviting confrontation, Sheriff intervened, taking the knife from Anderson during a struggle, resulting in injuries to himself from the weapon. The knife, identified in court as a locking-blade knife, was taken from Anderson by Mr Sheriff, who sustained cuts on his hand, shoulder, and hip during the altercation. Anderson, in his testimony, distanced himself from throwing the wickets, stating he was only retrieving them, and insisted that the knife was a vegetable knife used for food preparation. He admitted he could have threatened patrons but did not recollect the specifics of his actions. The judge concluded that Anderson had the intent to cause harm, albeit while intoxicated. In a related drug case, a couple, Tania Janet Gillan and Philip Nicholas Raxworthy, faced charges of cultivating and possessing cannabis at Gillan's residence in Sydenham on February 19. Gillan, a 21-year-old solo mother, also admitted to permitting her premises to be used for cultivating the drug. Initially facing charges of possessing cannabis for sale or supply, this was negotiated down to simple possession on the police’s application. Upon police arrival, a cannabis plant around 1.5 metres high was discovered in the backyard, along with 14 ounces of cannabis leaf found in a bedroom drawer. The defendants claimed the cannabis was for personal use. They were remanded on bail until April 27 for sentencing and probation reviews.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890407_2_105_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890407.2.105.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,607867200
6427,08,04,1989,"Gays Plan To Speak In Schools (Press, 8 April 1989)","On 8 April 1989, the Auckland University Gay Students’ Association announced an initiative aimed at visiting schools in Auckland to challenge the stereotypes of homosexuals often portrayed in films. The programme is designed to reach out to adolescents who may be struggling with their sexuality and who might feel isolated due to prevailing media representations. Kevin Hague, the association's treasurer, highlighted the concerning rates of youth suicide linked to sexual identity issues, alongside the pressing need for education about safe-sex practices in light of the A.I.D.S. crisis. Hague noted that the lack of visibility of gay and lesbian individuals in the public sphere contributes to young people feeling alone in their experiences. The initiative anticipates some resistance from schools, particularly those that are in greatest need of such outreach. According to Hague, these educational institutions often act as “gatekeepers of information,” and the decisions about whether the programme can take place may be influenced by the same individuals controlling the information. The association is committed to ensuring that participants in the school visits come from diverse backgrounds, giving them a broad range of perspectives to share with students. In preparation for the initiative, association members are undergoing training in counselling to handle any sensitive situations that may arise while interacting with the pupils. This training aims to equip them to respond effectively and supportively during their engagements. Additionally, many teachers have expressed their support for the initiative, being involved with the association or other homosexual support groups, and are expected to assist in facilitating these school visits. The overall goal of the programme is to create a more understanding environment for young individuals grappling with their sexual identity and to combat the isolation they may feel.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890408_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890408.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,607953600
6428,10,04,1989,"Timaru Petitions For Own Region (Press, 10 April 1989)","On 10 April 1989, a significant petition advocating for an independent Central South Island local government region centred on Timaru was presented to local MP Maurice McTigue. Organised by the Local Government Action Committee, the petition garnered an impressive 19,756 signatures, which is notable in New Zealand's history of petitions. The committee's chairperson, Mrs Janya Lobb, stated that the petition would be formally submitted to Parliament later in the month. The petition emerged as a response to the Local Government Commission's controversial plans to incorporate the Timaru District into the Canterbury region starting in October. Mrs Lobb expressed optimism that the sheer volume of support reflected in the petition, along with public submissions made in Christchurch the previous month, might convince the commission to reconsider its draft recommendations. The recommendations involved including the Timaru, Waimate, and Mackenzie districts within the Canterbury region's boundaries. The action committee is advocating for the establishment of a distinct Central South Island region that would extend from the Rangitata River to the Waitaki River. Mrs Lobb highlighted the petition's success by comparing its 20 per cent support to other notable petitions, such as the 28 percent for the Homosexual Law Reform petition, indicating strong public backing for their cause. In her communications, Mrs Lobb raised concerns regarding a letter sent by the Minister of Health, Ms Clark, which assured a Timaru resident that health services would not be compromised in favour of Christchurch. Mrs Lobb insisted that any assurances from the Minister would only hold value if it could be guaranteed that the Canterbury Area Health Board consisted of members who shared her dedication to maintaining local health services. The ongoing discussions around these regional governance issues reflect a significant moment in local politics, as communities push for representation that aligns with their needs and preferences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890410_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890410.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608126400
7490,12,04,1989,"Support For Reformed Smokers (Press, 12 April 1989)","On 12 April 1989, the writer reflects on the journey of a friend who has recently attempted to quit smoking. Despite only indulging in a few puffs over the past three days, the struggle is evident as she has developed noticeable twitches and is particularly sensitive to the smell of cigarette smoke. The sharp increase in the price of cigarettes to $3.80 per pack is cited as a driving factor behind her decision to quit, as the increased cost is purportedly meant to cover health care costs associated with smoking-related illnesses. The writer explores the implications of such price increases, questioning whether there is any financial recompense for those smokers who might pass away at home rather than in state care. With plans to save for a trip to Hawaii, the friend is attempting to put aside the money she would have spent on cigarettes. However, she wrestles with the reality of the situation—if she wants to enjoy additional comforts during her trip, she might need to pretend she was a heavier smoker to justify more significant savings. The friend’s non-smoking boyfriend, who is focused on physical fitness, might also help prevent any temptation to smoke. With the support of her non-smoking colleagues, she finds that their work environment is more pleasant without the haze of cigarette smoke. Nonetheless, her transition away from smoking comes with its challenges, such as feeling the need to have something to occupy her hands and having to adjust to social situations without the habit. The writer expresses hope that her friend’s resolve to quit will be lasting, noting that at 19 years old, she has a good chance of healing her lungs. In contrast, the author admits their own battles with quitting smoking have been mostly unsuccessful and attributes this to addiction. There’s recognition of the efforts made by the Department of Health to combat smoking through educational campaigns aimed at schools and the public, a strategy believed to be more effective when targeting potential smokers rather than those already addicted. While the author applauds these initiatives, they raise concerns about the aggressive attitudes directed towards smokers, especially long-term smokers who may feel harassed and disrespected. Anecdotes illustrate the lack of encouragement that former smokers receive from their peers after quitting, as one man in the author’s workplace went silent post-quitting despite prior non-smoker ridicule. This highlights a lack of support that the author hopes will not repeat for their friend. In summary, the piece encapsulates the challenges and complexities of quitting smoking, the societal attitudes surrounding the habit, and the vital need for support and understanding for those trying to break the addiction. The writer expresses a desire for a more compassionate approach from non-smokers towards those making the difficult decision to quit.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890412_2_77_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890412.2.77.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608299200
6994,12,04,1989,"Transvestite To Change Sex (Press, 12 April 1989)","On 12 April 1989, Luiz Roberto Moreira, widely recognised as Brazil's leading transvestite under the name Roberta Close, announced his intention to undergo sex reassignment surgery. In an interview with ""Manchete"" magazine, Close revealed that he was in discussions with a hospital in London regarding the operation, stating, ""I need to know the risks ... but if everything is fine I’m going ahead."" Close, who has gained fame for his striking appearance and is known to compete with top female models on the catwalk, has become an iconic sex symbol in Brazil. His striking looks, including flowing black hair and a curvy figure, have led him to be a prominent figure along Rio’s Copacabana Beach, where he often attracts the attention of tourists. He has made notable appearances during Rio’s Carnival, performing topless on floats, and has also released a rock album featuring provocative songs. Despite Close's success in the entertainment industry, including numerous television and modelling opportunities in the United States, he has been the subject of persistent gossip regarding his romantic life, with speculation about his relationships with famous personalities in Brazilian show business. Close's decisions regarding his body have been greatly influenced by his past; during his teenage years, he took significant hormone doses to develop a physique that many Brazilian women admire. While the exact age of Roberta Close remains undisclosed, it is estimated to be around 25 years. He shared that funds accumulated from his entertainment work would be allocated towards the estimated cost of the surgery, which totals approximately $19,670. This announcement marks a significant moment in his career and personal life as he prepares to transition into a woman.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890412_2_77_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890412.2.77.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608299200
7851,13,04,1989,"‘sacrifice’ Victims Found (Press, 13 April 1989)","On 13 April 1989, authorities in Brownsville, Texas, reported the discovery of 12 male bodies in graves at a ranch in Mexico, believed to be the result of sacrifices conducted by a satanic cult linked to drug smuggling operations. Cameron County Sheriff Alex Perez described the scene as horrific, comparing it to a ""human slaughterhouse."" Mexican Federal Judicial Police arrested four individuals, including citizens from both the United States and Mexico, though their identities were not disclosed. One of the deceased was identified as 21-year-old Mark Kilroy, a University of Texas student who had gone missing during his spring break in Matamoros, Mexico, in March. Sheriff Lieutenant George Gavito indicated that Kilroy had been randomly selected by the cult members, who were instructed to choose an Anglo male that particular night. The cult appeared to have been engaged in human sacrifices for approximately nine months, praying to the devil in hopes of avoiding police capture and enhancing their financial gains through drug trafficking. In the investigation, authorities uncovered disturbing evidence including candles and kettles filled with body parts and animal bones. Chief Customs Agent Oran Neck displayed photographs from the scene, showing a cauldron filled with a dark, red liquid alongside bones and the bodies of the victims in body bags. Of the bodies discovered, some had suffered gunshot wounds, while others appeared to have been killed with machetes or sledgehammers. The remains were located about 30 kilometres west of Matamoros. Lieutenant Gavito expressed the severity of the findings, stating he had been an investigator for 15 years and described this case as one of the most atrocious he had ever encountered. The investigation continues as authorities seek to identify the other victims and unravel the full implications of this heinous crime related to drug trafficking and cult activity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890413_2_68_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890413.2.68.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608385600
7454,14,04,1989,"Bros Jeered, Pelted With Oranges (Press, 14 April 1989)","On 14 April 1989, a debutantes' ball at the Savoy Hotel in London unexpectedly descended into chaos when the pop duo Bros faced hostility from the crowd. The brothers, Matt and Luke Goss, encountered a barrage of over 60 oranges thrown by drunken partygoers as they attempted to present prizes for a charity raffle during the Berkeley Dress Show and Ball, which marked the beginning of the ball season. In a bid to restore order, noted singer Boy George took to the stage but quickly became a target for the same flying fruit. He wittily remarked to the unruly audience that they wouldn't dare come on stage themselves and provocatively claimed, “I have probably slept with some of you.” He further stunned the crowd with a risqué joke stating, “The first prize in the raffle is a bottle of syphilis,” which elicited cheers, showing that his popularity eclipsed that of Bros. The performance by the Goss brothers was met with mixed reactions; while some attendees expressed their affection for them, others vehemently opposed them, leading to a division within the audience. The environment became increasingly hostile, prompting the brothers to gesture rudely in frustration and exit the stage under the protection of bouncers. This mini-riot occurred after the guests had enjoyed a lavish five-course dinner, which had raised substantial funds for the N.S.P.C.C. The evening's tumultuous events highlighted the unpredictable nature of celebrity appearances and the sometimes unruly behaviour of partygoers, especially when alcohol is involved. The contrasting receptions of Bros and Boy George underscored the fleeting nature of popularity within the entertainment sphere during that era.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890414_2_108_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890414.2.108.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608472000
6430,15,04,1989,"An Aroma Of Mothballs (Press, 15 April 1989)","""The Lost Language of Cranes,"" published in 1988 by David Leavitt, is a novel that explores the complexities of homosexual relationships and family dynamics. The review by Ralf Unger, published on 15 April 1989, notes that the book attempts to navigate a challenging societal landscape where the homosexual community is striving for greater acceptance. However, Unger finds the narrative uncomfortable and lacking in vibrancy. The title refers to a case study of a schizophrenic child who, isolated in his own world, learns to communicate with cranes he sees outside his window. This metaphor appears to have only a tenuous connection to the story. The plot revolves around Philip, a young gay man experiencing his first deeply felt romantic relationship, contrasting sharply with his past encounters that were more casual and devoid of emotional depth, often taking place in New York's pornographic theatres. Philip's relationship unfolds amidst the backdrop of the AIDS crisis, which influences his understanding of love and fidelity. His fears of promiscuity in light of this health epidemic drive him to form a more committed bond with a younger man who has become reliant on him. This relationship prompts Philip to confront familial issues, particularly his father's struggles with similar challenges, leading to a new level of understanding between them. However, the mother remains devastated by these revelations, showcasing the emotional fallout within the family. Unger observes that the book features several brief sexual encounters that are portrayed as emotionally charged, yet afterwards, the characters seem to retreat into solitude. There are also portrayals of lesbians in the narrative, who likewise grapple with unhappiness and a sense of maladaptation. Overall, Unger likens the treatment of gay romance in the book to a lacklustre rendition of traditional romantic tropes, suggesting that, had it been a heterosexual narrative, it would come off as unremarkable and clichéd. In conclusion, ""The Lost Language of Cranes"" offers a glimpse into the lives of its characters but, according to Ralf Unger, falls short of creating a compelling or inspiring narrative, leaving a sensation of stagnation rather than a fresh exploration of love and identity within the homosexual experience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890415_2_127_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890415.2.127.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608558400
6429,15,04,1989,"Court Sequel To Stabbing (Press, 15 April 1989)","In a trial that commenced in April 1989, Paul Waiohona Ngapuhi, a 22-year-old unemployed man, faced charges in the High Court regarding an incident that occurred on 19 February 1988 in Newtown. Ngapuhi pleaded not guilty to attempting to murder Neil Robert Archibald, with prosecutors alleging that he had intended to cause grievous bodily harm. The prosecution, led by Mr John Upton, outlined that Ngapuhi stabbed Archibald multiple times, inflicting injuries that were nearly fatal. During the proceedings, it was revealed that the motive for the attack was linked to allegations of homosexual advances made by Archibald towards Ngapuhi. According to police statements, Ngapuhi claimed that he felt ""freaked out"" by the advances, prompting him to retrieve a knife before confronting Archibald. The case continued to unfold in the courtroom as the jury listened to the evidence presented.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890415_2_95_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890415.2.95.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608558400
6832,15,04,1989,"Germaine Greer Keeps Campaigning (Press, 15 April 1989)","On 15 April 1989, an article reflects on the life and influence of Germaine Greer, the feminist icon known for her provocative views and keen insight into women's issues. The author recounts a visit to Greer, who became notorious two decades earlier for her book ""The Female Eunuch,"" which challenged traditional gender roles and encouraged women to take control of their own lives. Since then, Greer has become a significant figure, shaping the thoughts and experiences of countless women, regardless of their backgrounds. Now aged 50, Greer lives in Essex and Italy, sharing her home with two cats and a parrot. Despite her evolution into a more familiar persona resembling that of a quirky aunt, she remains unapologetically blunt, revealing her latest work, ""Daddy, We Hardly Knew You."" This new book delves into her complicated relationship with her father, who was distant throughout her childhood. She describes how he was largely absent from her life, and despite achieving success, he never acknowledged her accomplishments. Greer discovers that her father led a life shrouded in false identity, having been adopted and raised in poverty, yet she continues to express affection towards him. Greer reflects on the broader socio-cultural context of fatherlessness, particularly for her generation who experienced a lack of paternal presence due to the war. She believes that many women struggle to truly know their fathers, echoing sentiments about the emotional distance and societal expectations placed on familial relations. Highlighting the need for meaningful interactions, she questions whether women often engage in real conversations with their fathers or if closeness exists between them. Despite her insights, Greer acknowledges the personal toll of her early experiences, admitting struggles with forming lasting relationships. Her aversion to commitment stems from a fear of ""humdrum"" life, which leads her to abandon connections when challenges arise. While she asserts progress for women over the years, she expresses concern for younger generations of women who face new dilemmas in their relationships, particularly in the context of contemporary issues like AIDS. Greer positions herself as a mentor to her goddaughters, advocating for thoughtful engagement in sexual relationships and encouraging them to embrace excitement and unpredictability in life. She clarifies misconceptions about her views on men, asserting that she does not hate them; rather, she finds them more comprehensible than women, with her deep connections primarily forged with other women. Ultimately, Germaine Greer's life is a tapestry of personal reflection, social critique, and advocacy for women's autonomy. As she continues to navigate her journey, she remains an emblematic figure, inspiring dialogue and challenging societal norms while remaining fiercely independent amidst her solitary life with her pets. Her new book showcases her willingness to confront painful truths that others often shy away from, reaffirming her status as a formidable voice in feminist discourse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890415_2_111_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890415.2.111.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608558400
6431,17,04,1989,"Peters Backs Conscience Vote (Press, 17 April 1989)","On 17 April 1989, Winston Peters, the Opposition spokesman on employment and Maori affairs, proposed the idea of using public referendums to decide crucial issues in Parliament, such as the A.N.Z.U.S. membership. Speaking to the Otumoetai Church congregation in Tauranga, Peters stated that it was time to reassess the relationship between the public and politicians, emphasising that the current political system favours politicians over ordinary citizens. He expressed concern that politicians tend to be ""very wary of democracy,"" suggesting that some see public engagement as only appropriate every three years during elections. Peters' comments followed an announcement by the Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, regarding the decision to not hold a referendum on proportional representation in the upcoming election. While Peters' referendum proposal was not officially party policy, the Leader of the Opposition, Mr Bolger, acknowledged that the matter had been discussed within the National Party's caucus, particularly by MP Graeme Lee, although he refrained from offering a personal opinion on the concept. Peters highlighted the Homosexual Law Reform Act as an instance where public opinion was largely overlooked, having received significant opposition through an 800,000-signature petition. He asserted that the public should have the right to determine issues on which conscience votes occur in Parliament, suggesting that a more direct involvement from citizens is necessary to reflect the moral landscape of the country. In his view, the existing mechanism of electing an MP every three years is insufficient for safeguarding political rights. He proposed that referendums could be initiated through petitions representing at least 5 percent of the electoral roll. He mentioned that referendums could help assess membership in international organisations like the European Community or NATO, proposing a similar approach for evaluating A.N.Z.U.S. membership. Additionally, Peters spoke critically of the state of the Church, citing a lack of unity and rising factionalism within it. He lamented that the Church's unified message is often ignored, leading to a decline in some congregations, while others flourish. He commented that the Church’s diminishing political influence has become increasingly evident and noted that political discourse from the pulpit tends to lack inspiration and significance. Overall, Peters' remarks indicate a call for greater public engagement in political decision-making alongside a critique of the current political and religious landscape in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890417_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890417.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608731200
6833,19,04,1989,"Reporter’s Diary (Press, 19 April 1989)","On 19 April 1989, a humorous incident unfolded involving the Doyle family and a second-hand stove they ordered for their holiday house in Moana, Lake Brunner. The stove was booked for installation through a Greymouth store, where arrangements were made for collecting the key to their house. However, upon the Doyles' arrival at their holiday home, they discovered that no stove was present. After contacting the store, they were reassured that the stove had indeed been installed. This led to a fruitless Easter spent seeking their missing appliance from neighbours. Eventually, they learned from those living next door that their home had been rented out to friends who had replaced the old stove with a new one, but preferred the old unit. The Doyles eventually reclaimed their stove, leaving one mystery unresolved: how did the key to one house open another? In another light-hearted anecdote, a secretary for a headmaster was noted for her golf-related misunderstanding of a caller's request, claiming her boss was “away on a course for handicapped teachers” instead of teeing off. The news also briefly mentioned design consultants tasked with refreshing the Natural History Museum in London, only to conclude that the existing name remained the best choice, raising questions about the cost of their findings. The report took an amusing turn with a mention of topless waiters at the Christchurch Town Hall planned for an International Secretaries’ Day breakfast celebration on 26 April. The event is set to include bubbly and a lucky secretary standing the chance to win a $1,000 shopping spree. Lastly, a quirky update from the National Union of Students in Scotland revealed a complex electoral arrangement for their National Women’s Committee, which invited a diverse representation, including places for lesbian, disabled, Jewish, black, Irish women, and more. A light-hearted personal anecdote from a resident named Helen reflected on her homesickness for Australia, mentioning her enjoyment of McCabe’s potato cakes. However, when she revealed this to her father, he quipped that those potato cakes were inferior as they were made from New Zealand-imported potatoes. The report concluded with a whimsical observation about a Suzuki Swift parked in Durham Street, noting its license plate, lENVYU, left a bit to be desired in colour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890419_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890419.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,608904000
6541,21,04,1989,"Man Given P.d. For 47 Offences (Press, 21 April 1989)","On 21 April 1989, Paul William Bellamy, a 39-year-old unemployed man, was sentenced to six months of periodic detention after being convicted of 47 offences involving the use of two stolen credit cards. The District Court judge, McAloon, also ordered Bellamy to pay reparation totalling $6824 for the crimes he committed in the North Island in September 1988. Bellamy claimed he purchased the credit cards for $250 each in a New Brighton hotel car park. Although Judge McAloon noted that retail outlets likely did not incur any losses, he emphasised that the banks were significantly affected and deserved protection from such criminal acts. The judge mandated that Bellamy make reparation payments of $15 per week until the sale of his house, when the remaining balance could then be settled from the equity share. In a separate case, 34-year-old Kellie Allen Andersen was sentenced to eight months of periodic detention for disrupting a Canterbury-Wellington cricket match at Lancaster Park on 7 January 1989. Andersen interrupted the game for ten minutes by taking the wickets and throwing them into the crowd. He was found guilty of assaulting a spectator and possessing a knife with intent to use it, following a defended hearing. Andersen also admitted to assaulting a police officer during their duty, and was ordered to compensate the complainant with $50 for damaged clothing. Another case involved 18-year-old Gary William Barnden, who was employed by Honda (N.Z.) Ltd and stole car parts valued at $7845 between January 1 and April 8. Barnden, who worked as a storeman, did not provide any explanation for his actions. All stolen parts were recovered. Additionally, he faced charges for stealing a $1600 car with another individual. Barnden was remanded on bail until 4 May for sentencing related to both theft charges. Lastly, a 33-year-old man received an interim suppression order on his name after admitting to the indecent assault of an eight-year-old girl in November of the previous year. Represented by Mr Robert Murfitt, the defendant was remanded to May 4 for sentencing. The assault occurred during a visit to the girl's home, and when confronted by her mother, he confessed to the offence. Following the incident, he sought counselling to address his issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890421_2_78_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890421.2.78.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609076800
7148,21,04,1989,"Police Want Feedback From Communities (Press, 21 April 1989)","The Christchurch police are looking to establish citizens' committees to gather input from local communities on their policing needs and preferences. Inspector Mai Griebel has expressed that the initiative aims to ensure that policing aligns with community expectations rather than the assumptions of the police force. Although the plans for these committees have not been fully developed, Griebel emphasises his intention to implement the scheme soon. He stressed the importance of having committees that represent a diverse range of community members, including elderly people, LGBTQ+ individuals, high school students, Māori, Pacific Islanders, and women. The aim is to create a platform for various groups to communicate their specific needs and requests regarding policing. Griebel noted, however, that communities should maintain realistic expectations regarding police capabilities. For example, he pointed out that while communities might desire increased police presence, such as having 50 officers on foot patrol, the police forces lack the necessary resources to fulfil such demands. One specific area Griebel highlighted for community input is cannabis control. He acknowledged the challenges in enforcing cannabis laws due to its widespread use but suggested that if communities express a desire for action, they could request targeted operations against dealers in their area. The concept of citizens’ committees in policing is not new; Griebel mentioned that similar initiatives have been successfully implemented in Porirua. As the drive for community-oriented policing, including the establishment of these committees, gains traction, it is expected to become a national focus, with each district tasked with defining the operational details of community policing in their area.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890421_2_57.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890421.2.57,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609076800
7563,22,04,1989,"Case Of Passion And Humanity Marred By Fatal Flaw (Press, 22 April 1989)","The review of journalist Jad Adams's book ""A.I.D.S.: The H.I.V. Myth"" reveals a contentious exploration of the A.I.D.S. epidemic and the societal reactions it has provoked. Adams's work delves into the early days of the disease, focusing on cases that began to emerge in the early 1980s, such as Kaposi’s sarcoma in young men, a condition previously seen primarily in older Jewish and Italian men. Other opportunistic infections, like thrush and pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii, highlighted the impact on the immune system's key T-cells. A significant issue raised by Adams is the inadvertent transmission of the A.I.D.S. virus through blood products. In an effort to create a hepatitis B vaccine, members of the gay community were encouraged to donate blood, which later contaminated the blood supply and led to infections among hemophiliacs via Factor VIII. Adams critiques the scientific community's handling of the epidemic, spotlighting the rivalry between prominent researchers Robert Gallo and Luc Montagnier. Gallo's claim in 1984 to have discovered the A.I.D.S. virus was met with great acclaim, despite the New York Times recognising Montagnier's earlier contributions. The review also introduces Peter Duesberg, a virologist who controversially argues that H.I.V. may not be the cause of A.I.D.S. Instead, he challenges the mainstream view and suggests that H.I.V. could be merely an innocent bystander in the disease process, proposing associations with other conditions such as syphilis. Adams seems to endorse Duesberg's stance, though Beverly Halstead, the reviewer, firmly disputes this viewpoint, emphasising that H.I.V. does indeed discriminate based on risk behaviours rather than sexual orientation or gender. The review concludes with a criticism of Adams's assertion that a positive attitude and a healthy lifestyle are crucial in combating A.I.D.S. This perspective, Halstead argues, echoes sentiments from the early days of the epidemic and fails to provide the necessary insight or solutions to a highly complex public health crisis. Halstead expresses disappointment that a writer of Adams's calibre is advocating a viewpoint she finds to be fundamentally flawed.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890422_2_105_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890422.2.105.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609163200
6432,24,04,1989,"Shock Therapy Report Denied (Press, 24 April 1989)","A report from “The Dominion Sunday Times,” published on 24 April 1989, suggested that New Zealand might resume the use of electric shock treatment for sex offenders, particularly at the new sex offender unit being built at Rolleston Prison. This report was quickly dismissed by the Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, who termed it “entirely false.” He clarified that no form of shock treatment, including electro-convulsive therapy, had been employed on sex offenders in New Zealand. Historically, a milder version of shock treatment had been administered to sex offenders during the 1960s and early 1970s. This aversion therapy involved delivering slight shocks, typically through the fingers, while patients viewed images of their unacceptable behaviours. Mr Palmer explained that participation in the programme had been voluntary, allowing patients to withdraw at any point. He emphasized that the Justice Department had no intentions of reintroducing such treatments, as alternative therapeutic methods were demonstrating equal or greater efficacy. Furthermore, he stated unequivocally that he would not sanction the use of aversion therapy for any sex offenders. Mr Ralf Unger, the chief clinical psychologist for the Canterbury Hospital Board, reflected on the historical application of aversion therapy, revealing that it was once viewed as “pretty hopeful.” He noted that shock levels were personalised to suit individual patients, allowing for tailored treatment experiences. Unger explained that the intention behind the therapy was to create a negative association with inappropriate behaviours through concurrent shocks when patients viewed related imagery. However, he highlighted that misunderstandings regarding the therapy, particularly concerning treatment of homosexuals, had marred its reputation. Current practices in treatment emphasise positive reinforcement over aversive methods, which, according to Unger, have proven to be more successful. Nonetheless, he appreciated the Justice Department’s reluctance to categorically exclude aversive therapy from future considerations. Overall, Mr Palmer reaffirmed the official stance against reintroducing shock treatments for sex offenders, marking a clear shift in the approach to rehabilitation and treatment strategies within New Zealand's justice system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890424_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890424.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609336000
6834,26,04,1989,"Arts Diary (Press, 26 April 1989)","The news story published on 26 April 1989 highlights various art exhibitions, performances, and cultural events taking place in Christchurch during this period. The Artisan Fibre Centre is featuring ""Fibreworks"" until 30 April. The Art on the Railings, located on Rolleston Avenue, showcases works by local artists available for sale every Sunday from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., weather permitting. Artspace is exhibiting Daniel Mounsey's work titled ""Drugs loves more"" until 7 May. The Christchurch Photographic Society has an exhibition at Ballantynes from 25 to 29 April, while Brent Wong’s paintings are on display at the Brooke/Gifford Gallery until 28 April. The Canterbury Gallery hosts the ""Stock show"" featuring artists like Bill Hammond and Marian Maguire until 30 April, and Ben Woollcombe will showcase watercolours from 1 to 14 May. Canterbury Museum features ""People of the Cedar,"" highlighting Canadian Indian art until 7 May, and ""Celebration: Restoration,"" focusing on Canterbury handcrafts, running from 29 April to 14 May. The Canterbury Room at the Russley Hotel will host a New Zealand Antique Dealers' Fair from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on 29 and 30 April. Cave Rock Gallery displays calligraphy and handmade papers until 28 April, while Connexion Gallery presents New Zealand treasures until 30 April and rings and things from 1 to 31 May. At Courtyard Pottery, Doris Dutch is showcasing pottery until 3 May. The C.S.A. Gallery is hosting an Autumn exhibition featuring paintings by Annie Baird, Judy Rogers, and Pat Unger from 27 April to 7 May. Gefn Gallery is featuring Marjorie Weaver's ""Knit up a Storm"" until 6 May. Also at the Gingko Gallery, Jason Greig’s drawings and prints are available until 29 April, followed by Tiffany Thornley’s paintings from 1 to 20 May. Heart of the City Market in Cathedral Square runs every Friday, presenting arts, antiques, craft stalls, and an Asian food fair. The Jonathon Jensen Gallery showcases Gail Wright’s paintings until 13 May, and the La Quete Gallery exhibits Mykel Manning’s works until 29 April. The McDougall Art Annex presents an exhibition of photographs by Wayne Barrar and Miles Hargest from 11 April to 21 May, alongside a lecture by Malcolm McAllister on ""The Pathfinder Mural Project"" on 27 April at 7.30 p.m. The main McDougall Art Gallery features various exhibitions, including Early New Zealand in print and Death and Life in Van der Velden’s Holland until mid-May. In the realm of theatre, various productions are scheduled, including ""A Streetcar Named Desire"" at the Court Theatre until 6 May and ""Grease"" at Catholic Cathedral College on 27 and 29 April. Musical events include Handel's ""Israel in Egypt"" performed by the Christchurch Harmonic Society and Christchurch Symphony Orchestra on 29 April, alongside a wide range of concerts featuring classical and contemporary music throughout the weeks. The article concludes with a note about the deadline for submissions to ""The Living Arts"" and information on reviewing performances.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890426_2_118_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890426.2.118.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609508800
7564,27,04,1989,"A.i.d.s. Discrimination (Press, 27 April 1989)","The International Labour Organisation (ILO) has recommended that international agreements designed to protect workers from discrimination and unfair dismissal should be expanded to include individuals infected with the A.1.D.5. virus, which is linked to HIV. This suggestion comes from a new study released by the ILO, which highlights the need for enhanced protections for workers affected by HIV/AIDS. The organisation has noted that existing health and safety guidelines, as well as provisions for alternative employment for disabled individuals, could be modified to provide adequate support for those who have contracted the virus. The emphasis on extending protections reflects a growing recognition of the challenges faced by workers living with HIV and aims to promote fair treatment in the workplace. This initiative underscores the ILO's commitment to ensuring that all workers, regardless of their health status, receive equitable treatment and protection in their employment. The recommendations were made in Geneva on 27 April 1989.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890427_2_73_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890427.2.73.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609595200
6835,28,04,1989,"This Week (Press, 28 April 1989)","The news story published on 28 April 1989 highlights a dynamic range of live music performances and cultural events scheduled across Christchurch. Among the live music offerings, the Irish band Bone Idol will perform at Warners Tavern from Thursday to Saturday, bringing a mix of rock, traditional, country, jazz, and blues. Other notable acts include Helen and the Hound Dogs at Mackenzies Hotel, Jambalaya featuring jazz and blues at the Arts Centre restaurant, and Fat Sally performing hard rock at the Marine Tavern. Various theatre productions are also taking place, including ""Grease"" at Catholic Cathedral College, and Tennessee Williams' ""A Streetcar Named Desire"" at the Court Theatre until May 6. The Drama and Dance Festival at the Great Hall of the Arts Centre showcases performances by secondary schools, while the University of Canterbury focuses on Bertolt Brecht's ""The Good Person of Szechwan."" Additionally, children's theatre is represented with ""Hansel and Gretel"" at the Repertory Theatre. Concerts featured in the event calendar include Handel's ""Israel in Egypt"" performed by the Christchurch Harmonic Society and the Christchurch Symphony Orchestra at Christchurch Cathedral. Other music events include solo piano performances, a charity concert for the Reproductive Medicine Foundation, and various classical and jazz presentations at local venues. Art exhibitions are also prominent, showcasing works from local artists at the Artisan Fibre Centre, Artspace, Ballantynes, and the Canterbury Museum. Notable exhibitions feature Canadian Indian art and New Zealand treasures in various galleries. In community recreation, activities such as river cruises on the MV Tuhoe and the Canterbury Horticultural Society’s festival highlight local flora. The local wildlife parks and botanical gardens offer regular tours, while family-friendly events like the Canterbury Porcelain Art Association sale promise community engagement. Several museums in the area, including the Canterbury Museum and the Air Force Museum, are open during the week, highlighting historical and cultural exhibits. Various educational seminars on topics like feminist theory, sociology, and Pacific studies are scheduled at the University of Canterbury, encouraging community participation and learning. Overall, the calendar outlines a vibrant cultural scene in Christchurch during this period, with numerous opportunities for entertainment, education, and social engagement across music, theatre, visual arts, and community activities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890428_2_110_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890428.2.110.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609681600
6433,29,04,1989,"Not Everybody Loves Noddy And His Merry Mates (Press, 29 April 1989)","Enid Blyton's beloved children's character, Noddy, is being reintroduced to a new generation through a publicity campaign by Macdonald Publishers, set to launch in May 1989. The campaign aims to revive Noddy's popularity among children and their parents, who have traditionally shared bedtime stories featuring the little wooden man and his adventures in Toyland. However, this initiative has sparked controversy, as there remains a significant divide between Noddy's supporters and his critics. The critics have raised concerns that Noddy, along with his friends Big Ears and the Golliwogs, perpetuates negative social stereotypes, including racism and sexism. They argue that the narratives within Noddy's stories present harmful influences that could negatively impact impressionable young readers. This backlash against the Noddy series has resulted in the character being sidelined in some circles, with references to better literature available for children. Despite the criticisms, Noddy's fans, referred to as Noddyites, have fought to keep the character alive, preserving original copies of the stories through covert means. They argue that the nostalgia associated with reading Noddy books upholds their value in introducing literature to young children. The campaigns for Noddy's return are not only rooted in a desire to relive childhood memories but also in a belief that the books have intrinsic worth, as they can captivate and engage children. Commentary from a spokesman for the Canterbury Library indicated that while Noddy is not featured in their children's section, it is not solely due to the controversies around Blyton's writing style and themes. Instead, they noted that more contemporary children's literature offers higher quality content. Nevertheless, some defend Blyton's overall contributions to children's reading, especially through her other works like the Famous Five series, which are seen as encouraging reader engagement and adventure. Agnes-Mary Brooke, a noted supporter of Noddy and an expert on Blyton's impact, contended that critics often overlook the literary significance of Noddy books, which have captivated children from diverse backgrounds for decades. She posed that judging the books through the lens of adult perspectives diminishes their enjoyment and value to young readers. Brooke also dismissed the insinuation of any inappropriate implications in Noddy's relationships with other characters. Ultimately, the future of Noddy in literature hangs in the balance, indicative of broader cultural debates over children's media and storytelling. As supporters call for a renewed appreciation of Noddy, the clash between nostalgia for classic children's tales and evolving societal values continues to unfold, reflecting the complexities of literature and its role in shaping childhood experiences.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890429_2_124_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890429.2.124.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609768000
6836,01,05,1989,"Enjoyable Journeys With Free-spirited Heroines (Press, 1 May 1989)","On 1 May 1989, a review highlighted two films, ""I've Heard The Mermaids Singing"" and ""Wish You Were Here,"" that explore young women's struggles and aspirations in unique narratives. ""I've Heard The Mermaids Singing,"" directed by Patricia Rozema, features Polly, played by Sheila McCarthy, who embodies a whimsical, naive character reminiscent of a younger Harpo Marx. Despite being 31, Polly navigates adulthood with innocence, often retreating into her daydreams. Struggling to maintain a job, she finds temporary work as a Girl Friday at a sophisticated art gallery, where she idolises the curator, Gabrielle. The revelation of Gabrielle's lesbian relationship and Polly's unwitting involvement in an art fraud challenge her understanding of the adult world. The film is known for its thoughtful depiction of honesty and self-belief, receiving acclaim at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Youth Prize. Noted for its low-budget authenticity and memorable moments, the film is both a festival favourite and a strong statement on female integrity. On the other hand, ""Wish You Were Here,"" directed by David Leland, centres on 16-year-old Lynda, portrayed by Emily Lloyd, who seeks to navigate the constraints of her conservative English seaside community in the early 1950s. Known for her rebellious and expressive nature, Lynda's journey is fraught with challenges, including a casual relationship that leads to an unexpected pregnancy. The film takes inspiration from the real-life experiences of Cynthia Payne, who later became a renowned madam. Leland captures the era's period atmosphere vividly, focusing on Lynda's defiance against societal repression without falling into despair. Instead, Lynda's story is one of resilience and personal strength, culminating in her empowerment as she confidently faces her community, despite the turmoil she experiences. Both films are marked by their exploration of female identity, honesty, and self-acceptance, presenting strong narratives that resonate with the experiences of young women trying to carve their paths in often restrictive environments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890501_2_33.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890501.2.33,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,609940800
7565,02,05,1989,"Usual Cutlery For Patients (Press, 2 May 1989)","On 2 May 1989, Wellington Hospital announced a policy change regarding the use of cutlery for patients with A.I.D.S. The hospital’s director of nursing services, Miss Maureen Corry, stated that A.I.D.S. patients would no longer be required to use disposable plastic cutlery. Instead, they would be provided with regular knives and forks that would be kept in their rooms and cleaned by hospital staff. This decision aligns with the Health Department’s guidelines, which indicate that ordinary crockery and cutlery may be used for H.I.V. or A.I.D.S. patients, so long as there is no bleeding in their mouths. If bleeding is present, disposable utensils may be necessary. The guidelines assert that there is no evidence suggesting that the H.I.V. virus can be transmitted through saliva, which has led to the conclusion that sharing eating and drinking utensils does not pose a risk of infection. The previous requirement for plastic cutlery had been a source of frustration for A.I.D.S. patients, who felt the measure was unwarranted, particularly given the evolving understanding of H.I.V. transmission. Miss Corry admitted that the use of plastic cutlery was based on ""sheer misunderstanding"" and acknowledged that even staff had been displeased with the practice. The hospital's infection control policy, which had been initially established in 1986, is currently being reviewed and updated. In addition to the changes regarding cutlery, other improvements for A.I.D.S. patients have been put in place, including the establishment of a lounge specifically for their use. This lounge will also serve other patients when there are no A.I.D.S. patients in the hospital, promoting a more inclusive environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890502_2_153.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890502.2.153,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610027200
6837,03,05,1989,"Women’s Plays (Press, 3 May 1989)","The Hagley Theatre Company, catering to adult and seventh form students at Hagley High School, is showcasing “An Evening of Women’s Plays” at Angles Nightclub located on Lichfield Street this week. This initiative is part of a year-long diploma course focused on acting, directing, and dance, with Sam Beveridge serving as the director. The event features two plays: “Going Up” by Julia Willis and “Bxlo Glossy” by Sarah Drehar, both sourced from ""An Anthology of Lesbian Plays."" Notably, the casts for these plays are entirely female. Sue Michael, the director of “Bxlo Glossy” and an adult student, emphasises her interest in the themes surrounding women rather than the lesbian narratives specifically. She expresses that the plays offer insightful perspectives on women and their coping mechanisms. “Going Up” highlights the interaction between two women trapped in a lift: one is a lesbian, and the other is heterosexual, exploring their reactions and dynamic. The longer piece delves into a family reuniting following the death of the father, focusing on the mother who feels liberated only after her husband's death and the two daughters, each contending with their fears regarding love and connection. Performances commence at 8 p.m. and will continue until 4 May 1989.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890503_2_99_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890503.2.99.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610113600
7566,04,05,1989,"In Brief (Press, 4 May 1989)","On 4 May 1989, several key news stories emerged. An Air New Zealand Boeing 747, carrying 317 passengers, had to return to Sydney shortly after takeoff due to a vibration that prompted the captain to shut down one of its engines. The aircraft was bound for Auckland and landed safely after about 30 minutes in the air. A maintenance crew was dispatched to investigate the engine issue, although the cause of the vibration was not immediately known. In a separate development, Parliamentarians and journalists will have the opportunity to view pornographic videos, although not within the Beehive. Initially scheduled for screening in Parliament’s theatrette, the showings are now set to take place at the National Library's auditorium, following the Speaker of Parliament, Mr Burke's, decision due to the films not being pre-screened by the Film Censor. The government announced a cost-of-living adjustment for student allowances. The Associate Minister of Education, Mr Goff, revealed that weekly allowances would increase by approximately $1.50, effective from 1 April 1989. The adjustments varied by age and living situation, with the maximum allowance for a 16 to 17-year-old now at $82.34, while other increases spanned from $44.84 to $109.79 depending on age and housing status. Sir Graham Latimer, chairman of the Maori Council, voiced intentions to seek clemency for Titewhai Harawira, a health worker at Carrington Hospital imprisoned for nine months. This decision came in light of concerns from many in the Maori community regarding the severity of her sentence, with a plea to the Governor-General, Sir Paul Reeves, being among possible steps forward. Minister of Energy, Mr Butcher, hinted at the potential for significant long-term reductions in petrol taxes, citing government budget surpluses that could facilitate this change. He noted that motorists were effectively subsidising the taxes that oil companies were obliged to pay to the government. In related news, Mobil became the final oil company to raise its wholesale petrol prices, with an increase of 2.97 cents per litre confirmed for service stations. In media changes, Karl du Fresne was appointed editor of the ""Dominion"" and ""Dominion Sunday Times,"" succeeding Geoff Baylis, who transitioned to become chief executive of “The Listener.” The former National Party secretary-general, Max Bradford, has been nominated to join the party's Wellington divisional council, which will elect nine members during its annual conference scheduled for May 13 and 14 in Wanganui, amid a total of 17 nominations. Lastly, in a sobering health-related report, six-year-old Eve van Grafhorst, an Australian child who had relocated to New Zealand after facing discrimination due to her HIV status from a blood transfusion, has developed AIDS. She is noted as the first child and the second female in New Zealand registered with the disease, and is reported to have only two to three years left to live.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890504_2_47.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890504.2.47,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610200000
6434,05,05,1989,"Positive Thinking And Self-esteem The Key? (Press, 5 May 1989)","Tom O’Connor, a homosexual man from San Francisco, has attributed his survival after an H.I.V. positive diagnosis in 1980 to positive thinking and self-esteem. Following his diagnosis, he drastically altered his lifestyle, cutting out processed and refined foods, and distancing himself from the media to avoid negativity. O’Connor believed that negative thoughts were prevalent in his mind and that they could adversely affect his health. By focusing on positive thinking, he feels he has managed to prolong his life compared to others who were diagnosed around the same time and succumbed to the illness. O’Connor is set to speak at a seminar today organised by the Foundation for the Healing Arts, asserting that had he not made these lifestyle changes, he would likely be dead. He contrasts his experience with those who have become ill due to a defeatist mindset that stemmed from a lack of belief in their ability to take control of their health when medical professionals could not provide solutions. Despite his positive outlook, O’Connor acknowledges that this approach may not work for everyone, particularly individuals from backgrounds that instil feelings of unworthiness or inadequacy. He asserts that positive thinking alone cannot suffice in the face of such psychological barriers. In addition to his advocacy for positive thinking, O’Connor has authored a book titled “Living with A.I.D.S. — Reaching Out”. This book focuses on the importance of nutrition, exercise, and self-esteem in managing health. Furthermore, he is a founding director and board member of a new non-profit organisation called Community Research Alliance, which aims to conduct clinical tests on A.I.D.S. drug treatments that pharmaceutical companies are reluctant to pursue due to low profit margins. The organisation intends to fund these tests independently to advance knowledge and treatment options for A.I.D.S. patients.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890505_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890505.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610286400
6435,06,05,1989,"Brain Claim Angers Dutch Homosexuals (Press, 6 May 1989)","On 6 May 1989, a report by Peter Spinks highlighted the controversy surrounding recent research conducted by Professor Swaab, a reputable neuro-scientist, addressing the neurological differences in homosexual men in relation to A.I.D.S. victims. The research, part of a broader investigation into the sexual differentiation of the human hypothalamus, provoked backlash from various groups, including the National A.I.D.S. Committee, Members of Parliament, and the Homostudies Department of Utrecht University. They expressed outrage over the use of deceased homosexual A.I.D.S. patients' brains in the study. Professor Swaab explained that the findings stemmed from extensive research that involved examining the brains of 15 homosexual A.I.D.S. victims, revealing an enlargement in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which plays a crucial role in regulating biological rhythms, including sleep patterns and sexual behaviour. This particular group of cells was found to be twice the size in homosexual males compared to a control group of 100 heterosexual individuals. Swaab's research contradicted existing theories that suggested male homosexuals had a female-type hypothalamus. He clarified that the observed size difference in brain structures was directly correlated with sexual orientation, not gender identity. However, he was careful to note that a correlation does not imply causation, stating that it cannot be definitively concluded that structural differences in the brain lead to homosexuality. Instead, he proposed the possibility that homosexual behaviour could influence the development of these brain structures. Importantly, Swaab ruled out the idea that A.I.D.S. was responsible for the observed brain differences, stating that only homosexuals showed the enlarged cell structures among the examined A.I.D.S. patients. He also suggested that sexual differentiation in the human brain might occur after birth, challenging the belief that this process takes place during mid-pregnancy. He argued that the interaction of various factors, ranging from social and environmental influences to medical practices and diet, contributes to the complex relationship between brain structure and sexual behaviour. Swaab expressed confusion over the negative reception of his findings within the gay community, asserting that the research should not be interpreted as discriminatory. He attributed the misunderstanding to a lack of knowledge about the complexities of neurobiological research. The study aimed to provide a deeper understanding of human sexual orientation rather than to belittle or stigmatise homosexuals. Overall, the report encapsulated the ongoing dialogue regarding the biological underpinnings of sexual orientation while reflecting the sensitivity surrounding the topic of homosexuality and scientific research in the late 1980s.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890506_2_118.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890506.2.118,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610372800
4085,06,05,1989,"Plan Upsets Stallholders (Press, 6 May 1989)","On 6 May 1989, protesters at the Arts Centre's weekend market expressed their dissatisfaction with proposed landscaping changes that would shift their stalls from the northern end to what they termed ""Siberia,"" located between the Academy cinema and the Dux de Lux restaurant. The market stallholders were concerned that relocating would diminish the unique atmosphere associated with the Arts Centre’s Gothic-style buildings and quadrangles, which they believe contributes significantly to the market's appeal in Christchurch. The Arts Centre trust board had engaged landscape architects Boffa Miskell Partners to devise an overall plan for the site. The architects noted the open spaces had become shabby, primarily due to the need to balance fostering the arts with the preservation of the historical buildings. The report indicated that the weekend market's relocation would alleviate pressure on the quadrangles, set to be redesigned into a passive space in the north and a performance area in the south. The stallholders, some of whom had operated there for up to nine years, felt the proposed move would ruin the market's atmosphere and upset its established reputation. They highlighted its successful family-friendly environment and emphasized the market's importance, generating around $200,000 annually in rents and further contributions to the Arts Centre. Together, they expressed strong objections to the relocation proposal, submitting suggestions for keeping the market where it is located. Despite stallholders’ reservations, Geoff Ellis, director of the Arts Centre, stated that no final decision had been made and that their input was valued. He acknowledged the need to address the quadrangles' deterioration but highlighted that a successful market was beneficial to the Arts Centre financially. Ellis advocated for a landscaping plan that could balance the weekend market's needs with the overall aesthetics and functionality of the Arts Centre. Ellis noted that however advantageous the market may appear, its heavy use could compromise the quadrangles' condition, necessitating a landscape plan that might not focus exclusively on the two-day market but on the broader needs of the site seven days a week. Comments by the Mayor of Christchurch, Sir Hamish Hay, included the consideration of potential funding through local government for the landscaping project, and he suggested the area might also accommodate a new city art gallery while maintaining the market's presence. While potential redevelopment loomed, it was clear there was a passionate commitment from stallholders and a degree of public support for preserving the existing market site. The Arts Centre was heralded as a national asset, and local leaders were urged to ensure its upkeep and functionality for future generations. Overall, the uncertainty surrounding the market's location and the broader implications for the Arts Centre were central to the discussions amidst significant public and stakeholder interest.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890506_2_117.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890506.2.117,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610372800
6436,09,05,1989,"Health Expenditure (Press, 9 May 1989)","In a letter to the editor, Varian J. Wilson expresses frustration over the decision made by the Minister of Health, Ms Helen Clark, to veto the establishment of a cardiac unit in Christchurch as a cost-saving measure. Wilson questions her priorities, particularly with regard to health initiatives related to HIV and AIDS, which he feels are inadequately addressed. He highlights that substantial amounts of funding have been allocated to advertisements that predominantly target heterosexual audiences, neglecting the specific needs of other demographics. Wilson points out that the current statistics indicate a significant number of HIV/AIDS cases are among homosexuals, as acknowledged by Ms Clark in her response. She argues that the health department's approach of promoting awareness programmes aimed at both heterosexual and homosexual transmission is the most effective way to inform the public. Ms Clark states her preference to be criticized for being proactive, rather than for being complacent about future health challenges. However, Wilson urges a reconsideration of the strategy, claiming that the criticism is not about the quantity of outreach but rather about the quality and direction of spending taxpayer money. He urges the health authorities to focus their attention and resources more effectively to address the pressing issues without relying on ad hoc group efforts that may not meet the actual needs of those most affected. The letter reflects a broader concern over public health policy and fiscal responsibility, urging a shift in priorities to better cater to the needs of specific populations that may be disproportionately affected by health crises.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890509_2_111_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890509.2.111.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610632000
7567,09,05,1989,"Response To Needle Swapping Varies (Press, 9 May 1989)","The Health Department of New Zealand has raised concerns regarding the low return rates of needles and syringes in its needle-swap scheme, which was implemented in May 1988. The scheme is designed to combat the spread of infectious diseases like AIDS by encouraging intravenous drug users to safely dispose of used needles and syringes. Mrs Lorraine Kerse, the scheme co-ordinator, indicated that the scheme has achieved nationwide participation from pharmacies, allowing comprehensive coverage, but noted stark variations in return rates, ranging from 20 per cent to 80 per cent in different areas. Mrs Kerse attributed the low return rates to users feeling apprehensive about potentially being associated with illegal drug activities, which deters them from returning their used equipment. To address these concerns, the Health Department is conducting a survey to understand users' methods of disposal for their needles and syringes. In an effort to improve awareness, new posters have been created, featuring images of syringes with the message ""return,"" aimed at reminding users of the safe return options available to them. Christchurch has emerged as a model for successful needle return rates, largely due to the involvement of supportive pharmacists and a non-judgmental approach from local police towards users. Contrastingly, in other regions, some pharmacists display judgemental attitudes which contribute to users' reluctance to return syringes. The Health Department plans to survey workplaces to gauge knowledge about AIDS and the general public’s attitudes towards individuals living with the disease. Mrs Kerse expressed intentions to develop educational kits for workplaces, which could facilitate understanding and inform management policies regarding health issues related to AIDS and HIV. The Department aims to cultivate a supportive environment for users to embrace the objectives of the needle-swap scheme and promote safer practices. Evidence from international studies suggests that providing adequate information and education about AIDS can lead to reduced discrimination against those affected by the disease. The overarching goal remains to encourage the uptake of the needle exchange principle, fostering safe disposal methods while addressing public health concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890509_2_31.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890509.2.31,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610632000
7149,13,05,1989,"How The Vast A.I.D.S. Tragedy Grew (Press, 13 May 1989)","""And the Band Played On,"" authored by Randy Shilts, is a comprehensive exploration of the AIDS epidemic, primarily focusing on the United States, particularly San Francisco, covering the period from December 1976 to May 1987. The book, consisting of 630 pages, addresses a multitude of human experiences—courage, incompetence, fear, as well as social issues amidst the tragic backdrop of a rising health crisis. Shilts deftly balances various narratives encompassing political, medical, and personal aspects, providing a rich and intricate account of the tragedy marked by human folly. He illustrates the shared human tendency to ignore uncomfortable truths, particularly in the context of the AIDS crisis, exemplified by a protest in San Francisco on March 30, 1984. Despite clear evidence of how bathhouses facilitated the spread of AIDS, numerous protesters viewed health measures aimed at closing such venues as infringements on their civil liberties. The book critically highlights the response of the American bloodbank industry, which delayed acknowledging that AIDS could be transmitted through infected blood. This negligence led to many preventable deaths, stemming from concerns about the costs of screening blood donations and the dominant role of gay men as blood donors. The character of Dr Joseph Bove, chairman of the Food and Drug Administration's blood advisory panel in 1983, is emblematic of the denial prevalent among many experts, as he dismissed emerging evidence of AIDS transmission through transfusions. Shilts also chronicles the contentious discovery of the AIDS virus itself. The narrative juxtaposes the efforts of French researchers at the Pasteur Institute and the American Dr Robert Gallo from the National Cancer Institute. The French team identified the virus, known as LAV, around January 1983, while Gallo was also investigating what he believed to be a related virus, HTLV. A pivotal moment arose in April 1984 when Gallo claimed to have discovered the virus, which was later revealed to be identical to the French strain, leading to a complicated and politically charged dispute. The review suggests that AIDS, despite its severity and lack of a cure, must be viewed within a broader context of diseases and threats. Shilts’ work serves as a reminder of the fragility of human life, the nature of societal responses to unexpected health crises, and the ongoing struggle against ignorance and discrimination. Overall, ""And the Band Played On"" not only documents the harrowing impact of AIDS but also offers a poignant reflection on how humanity grapples with challenges, urging readers to confront uncomfortable truths and recognise the resilience required to combat widespread health crises.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890513_2_135_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890513.2.135.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610977600
6437,13,05,1989,"Inside (Press, 13 May 1989)","A report indicating that New Zealand's reputation for being clean and green relies heavily on the use of pesticides has faced criticism from a senior official at the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (M.A.F.), who claims the report contains several inaccuracies. The official’s response suggests a significant divergence in perspective regarding the use of pesticides in the country and its impact on environmental image. In another area, a transport board manager has commented on the deregulation of the British public transport system, stating it is not a suitable model for New Zealand's transport system. This statement highlights ongoing debates about the appropriateness and efficacy of deregulation in the context of New Zealand's unique transportation needs. In local governance, Malcolm Douglass from the Canterbury United Council has been appointed to lead the newly established Canterbury Regional Council, indicating a shift in regional political structure and leadership. Shifts in cultural perspectives are also evident in television advertising, as Mark Muro from Boston discusses the increasing portrayals of women's degradation, homosexual innuendo, and light sado-masochism in American television ads. This commentary reflects broader concerns about media representation and societal values. In sports, the horse Honkin Vision performed as expected, winning decisively in the Robert McArdle championship at Addington, confirming its status as the favourite among competitors. The newsprint also includes various sections covering business, courts, features, international stories, local services, and sporting news, showcasing a broad array of topics of interest to the community, alongside advertisements and classifieds, reflecting the diversity of concerns and interests during that time. Andrew Peacock, the opposition leader, has introduced nine new members to his team, indicating potential shifts in political strategy and dynamics. This snapshot of the news from 13 May 1989 illustrates key discussions in environmental policy, public transport, local governance, cultural critiques, and sports achievements while capturing the ongoing evolution of social and political landscapes in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890513_2_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890513.2.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610977600
6438,13,05,1989,"Sexual Explicitness A Frequent Marketing Ploy On... (Press, 13 May 1989)","A recent analysis of marketing strategies in the United States reveals a significant trend towards sexual explicitness in advertising on American television. The saying ""sex sells"" is increasingly clear, with advertisements for various products employing highly sexualised imagery and scenarios. For example, cologne commercials feature bisexual orgies, running shoes display naked female torsos, and jeans advertisements depict young women in provocative poses before men. This trend highlights the perceived contradiction between American society's conservative values and the explicitness of commercial messaging. The current advertising landscape is marked by a new brand of sexism and a fixation on nudity, which has led to depictions that objectify women and incorporate elements of sexual innuendo and sado-masochism. Even everyday products are marketed with a suggestiveness that once belonged to soft-core pornography. The cultural atmosphere, while socially conservative, seems to embrace this sexual overtone in advertising as a response to the hyper-competitive nature of the industry. Analysts observe that programming has become increasingly ""bawdy,"" while commercials have adopted a tone that reflects objectification and aggressive seduction, mirroring the cut-throat business environment characterised by corporate buyouts and hostile takeovers. Media analyst Mark Crispin Miller indicated that this increasing reliance on shock value is a reaction to clutter within the advertising space, leading to a flood of messages that overwhelms viewers. In 1987, American retail sales reached approximately USD 1.5 trillion, contributing to a rise in the volume of advertisements. Reports indicated that viewers encountered 14 per cent more advertising messages per hour than in the previous year, leading to an average exposure of 650 television ads weekly. However, the effectiveness of these ads appears to be diminishing, with recall rates dropping significantly. This has caused panic among advertisers, resulting in more provocative and explicit ad content as a method to capture attention. The dual role of sex in advertising is evident, as it not only serves as a selling point but also gains recognition and accolades within the industry. This trend has led to provocative ads being lauded for their boundary-pushing creativity, with practitioners acknowledging that the commercial environment demands increasingly shocking content to remain relevant. Experts have differing opinions on the implications of this trend. Some suggest it reflects a heightened ""body consciousness"" in contemporary society, while others, such as activist Norma Ramos from Women Against Pornography, see it as indicative of a resurgence of male-dominant sexism influenced by the broader pornographic culture. Judith Langer, a market research consultant, posits that the aggressive nature of advertising may symbolise an era of increased restraint and monogamy as safe sex becomes the norm. Ultimately, watching provocative advertisements might represent ""the safest sex of all,"" portraying a complex interplay between societal attitudes towards sexuality and marketing strategies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890513_2_125_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890513.2.125.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610977600
6439,13,05,1989,"The Spy Who Had The Queen’s Ear (Press, 13 May 1989)","In his book ""Mask of Treachery,"" John Costello provides a thorough examination of Anthony Blunt's life and his involvement in Soviet espionage, framed as the first comprehensive dossier on this subject. The book builds on existing knowledge about known spies like Kim Philby, Donald Maclean, and Guy Burgess, while utilising the American Freedom of Information Act to introduce new insights regarding Blunt, who was infamously exposed as a traitor by then-Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in 1979. Born into a well-off clergy family and educated at prestigious institutions, Blunt appeared well-positioned for a successful future, having graduated with first-class honours in modern languages. However, he gravitated towards communism during his time at Cambridge University in the 1920s and 1930s, which was a hotbed for Communist recruiting. His involvement in this ideology was motivated by a desire for power and a sense of belonging, particularly within the homosexual community at Cambridge, which faced societal repression at the time. During World War II, despite his communist affiliations, Blunt managed to secure a position in the Military Intelligence Service (MIS), where he had access to classified documents that he subsequently passed on to the Soviet Union. Post-war, Blunt leveraged his expertise in art to recover pieces looted by the Nazis, while simultaneously performing sensitive tasks for the Royal Family, including an investigation that could have implicated the Duke of Windsor in negotiations with Hitler. Costello suggests that Blunt's multifaceted roles provided him with considerable leverage, making him a key figure for both Soviet intelligence and the monarchy, allowing him to evade prosecution when his betrayal was finally uncovered. With his deep knowledge of royal secrets, Blunt became essentially ""fireproof."" His ultimate exposure came via a Soviet defector, leading to a confession that remained largely under wraps until Thatcher's revelation. Blunt's death in 1983 ended a remarkable yet treacherous chapter in British history, marked by Draconian secrecy and government efforts to suppress details around the activities of spies. Costello adeptly outlines how Blunt's deceptive dual identity allowed him to navigate and manipulate both the intelligence community and royal circles over two decades. Edwards concludes that while ""Mask of Treachery"" sheds light on Blunt's espionage activities, it also highlights the persistent ambiguity surrounding British intelligence operations, urging caution in fully accepting any claims regarding what the government has disclosed. Costello's findings suggest that Blunt was more integral to Soviet operations than previously understood, leaving open the question of what future investigations might reveal about the legacy of espionage in Britain.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890513_2_135_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890513.2.135.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610977600
6440,13,05,1989,"Woman Still Alone (Press, 13 May 1989)","""Dancing With Strings,"" a novel by Frances Cherry, explores the complexities of relationships through the lens of a woman's experiences with both heterosexual and homosexual love. Published by New Women’s Press in 1989, the book spans 175 pages and is priced at $19.95 for the paperback edition. Brian Prendergast's review highlights the novel's examination of the emotional turmoil brought about by broken relationships, a theme familiar to New Zealand literature, yet Cherry presents it with fresh perspectives. The narrative primarily follows Katherine, who grapples with the disintegration of her marriage and seeks solace in a beach cottage. The first part of the novel reveals her struggles in solitude, as she learns to regain her confidence and eventually embarks on a brief love affair that reinvigorates her spirit. Cherry's portrayal of romantic encounters taps into raw human emotions, illustrating the mixture of risk and fear that accompanies love: “You feel younger, rejuvenated... allowing you to take risks without too much fear of the pain.” However, Katherine's newfound freedom is short-lived. Just as she begins to find her footing, she meets Dorothy—an assertive and vibrant woman who introduces her to a new realm of intimacy. This leads Katherine into a passionate but tumultuous relationship with Vanessa, a character who serves as both fascinating and destructive. As the novel unfolds, Katherine faces emotional upheaval that ultimately leaves her alone once more, though with a hopeful prospect of reuniting with Dorothy. Cherry's writing is characterised by a sharp and modern prose style that uses succinct sentences to convey emotional weight, merging past and present experiences skillfully. The dialogue often poses provocative insights about gender relationships and societal expectations, challenging readers to reflect on the nature of love and companionship. Quotes such as “Sex is all you want from men. You get friendship and all the rest from women,” encapsulate the book's exploration of the distinctions between physical and emotional connections. The narrative delves into the philosophical aspects of love, echoing sentiments from C.S. Lewis’s “The Four Loves,” which encourages maintaining a sense of humour in romantic pursuits despite their inherent complexities. Cherry's exploration of these themes reflects the challenges that can arise particularly in intense homosexual relationships, underscoring the potential for disaster when passion overshadows reason. Overall, ""Dancing With Strings"" is portrayed as a well-crafted debut that combines existential musings about love with realistic portrayals of the struggles women face in their searches for connection and identity. Cherry's work stands out in the New Zealand literary landscape by offering a thoughtful and daring exploration of life's emotional intricacies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890513_2_135_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890513.2.135.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,610977600
6441,15,05,1989,"R.a.a.f. To Investigate Porn, Allegations (Press, 15 May 1989)","On 15 May 1989, it was reported that the R.A.A.F. police in Adelaide planned to investigate allegations involving former Air Force personnel and their alleged use of R.A.A.F. equipment to produce pornographic photographs of homosexual activities. The claims were brought to light by former R.A.A.F. Leading Aircraftsman Bill Bakker, who communicated his concerns in a letter sent to officials in both Melbourne and Adelaide. In his correspondence, Bakker outlined that during the late 1970s and early 1980s, obscene photographs had been processed using equipment located at the Edinburgh base in Adelaide. He asserted that these photographs were subsequently circulated among a homosexual group consisting of various members, including officers, administrative staff, and civilians associated with the R.A.A.F. Additionally, Bakker alleged a connection between this group and a gang referred to as ""the Family."" This gang is infamously linked to the murder of five young men in Adelaide between the years 1979 and 1983, a series of crimes that garnered significant attention. The defence spokesman acknowledged the seriousness of Bakker's accusations and confirmed that an investigation would be conducted to determine the veracity of these claims.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890515_2_55_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890515.2.55.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611150400
7568,16,05,1989,"Call For Changed View Of A.i.d.s. (Press, 16 May 1989)","On 16 May 1989, a significant discussion document titled “The H.I.V.A.I.D.S. Epidemic: Towards a New Zealand Strategy” was launched in Wellington. This initiative was orchestrated by the National Council on A.I.D.S. during a national conference named “A.I.D.S. — Facing the Next Five Years.” The document emphasises the necessity for a change in attitudes and behaviours towards A.I.D.S. In his address at the conference, Governor-General Sir Paul Reeves underscored that the fight against A.I.D.S. extends beyond medical treatment and prevention. He noted that combating ignorance and fear surrounding the disease is equally critical. Sir Paul highlighted that due to the absence of an immediate cure, New Zealanders must reflect on personal values and act responsibly regarding sexual behaviour, especially for those at high risk or already living with H.I.V. or A.I.D.S. He stressed the importance of individuals not placing others at risk unknowingly and advocated for a shift in focus from merely the mechanics of sexual activity to the nature of relationships. Mrs Peggy Koopman-Boyden, chairwoman of the National Council on A.I.D.S., reiterated the importance of collaboration in crafting effective prevention strategies. She asserted that meaningful engagement with affected communities is vital for overcoming the challenges related to A.I.D.S. and called for enhanced partnerships between government entities, community groups, health professionals, and social services. This cooperation is essential to address the intricacies surrounding H.I.V. and A.I.D.S., especially the interrelation between A.I.D.S. clinics and services for other sexually transmitted diseases, along with issues stemming from alcohol and drug use that complicate changes in sexual behaviour. Mrs Koopman-Boyden highlighted the importance of communication and coordination among health workers to optimise limited resources for counselling and support. She acknowledged that with no imminent cure or vaccination for A.I.D.S., it is imperative for New Zealand to devise long-term prevention strategies and work towards changing societal behaviours. Overall, the discussions at the conference emphasised a holistic approach to tackling the A.I.D.S. epidemic, prioritising education, social values, and community involvement alongside traditional medical strategies. The launch of this document marks a pivotal step in addressing not only the public health crisis posed by A.I.D.S. but also the societal attitudes that contribute to its stigma and spread.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890516_2_68.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890516.2.68,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611236800
7410,16,05,1989,"Nearly 130 Cases Notified (Press, 16 May 1989)","As of May 1989, nearly 130 cases of A.I.D.S. had been reported in New Zealand, according to insights shared during a national conference on the disease. Dr Robert Carlson, an epidemiologist, revealed that by the end of April that year, there had been 128 notified cases - comprising 126 in men and 2 in women. He noted that the first quarter of 1989 saw over half the notifications recorded for the entirety of the previous year, indicating a worrying trend with 24 reports already filed. Dr Carlson explained that A.I.D.S. represents the most severe manifestation of H.I.V., with a lengthy incubation period before the disease becomes apparent. Current data suggests that the median incubation time spans between seven to ten years, which means the individuals currently diagnosed with A.I.D.S. were likely infected several years prior. He further indicated that the prevalence of the disease in New Zealand mirrors the rates observed in Australia and the United Kingdom on a population basis. Professor David Skegg from the Otago Medical School added that New Zealand's A.I.D.S. epidemic might not reach its peak until after the year 2000. He emphasised that even if all transmission were halted immediately, the country could still anticipate more cases in the following decade than what had already occurred. Furthermore, he warned that if there was a regression in the positive changes in sexual behaviour, the number of cases could potentially increase even further.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890516_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890516.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611236800
7569,16,05,1989,"Prevention 'main Strategy’ (Press, 16 May 1989)","On 16 May 1989, a policy discussion document addressing the H.I.V./A.I.D.S. epidemic in New Zealand was released in Wellington by the National Council on A.I.D.S. Titled ""The H.I.V./A.I.D.S. Epidemic: Towards a New Zealand Strategy,"" the document emphasised that prevention should be the primary strategy as there were currently no effective treatments for H.I.V. infection and A.I.D.S. The document highlighted New Zealand's proactive response to the epidemic, taking advantage of a time-lag before the virus reached the country. This foresight allowed the nation to understand the modes of transmission beforehand, resulting in a more measured public response compared to other countries that faced hysterical reactions. The National Council on A.I.D.S. aimed to promote effective prevention policies and support for those living with H.I.V./A.I.D.S. The council stressed the importance of ongoing cooperation between the Government and community groups to share expertise and resources. It pointed out that while the established policies for education and prevention in New Zealand were generally effective, better coordination between government efforts and community organisations was necessary. Furthermore, the document called for clearer prioritisation and long-term planning to prevent the spread of the infection. While the policy paper did not provide specific recommendations, it outlined current policies and posed questions to gather public input. This feedback would be reviewed by the council to inform the final policy document, which is expected to be presented to the Minister of Health, Ms Clark, in October 1989. The council expressed hope that this document would lay the groundwork for H.I.V./A.I.D.S. policy initiatives in New Zealand over the following three to five years, addressing both central government and regional health board levels.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890516_2_69.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890516.2.69,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611236800
6442,17,05,1989,"A.I.D.S. Art Booms In San Francisco (Press, 17 May 1989)","In the past few years, A.I.D.S. has become a prominent issue in American culture, challenging Hollywood and television to address it in their narratives. However, scriptwriters grapple with the disease's associations with homosexuality and drug abuse, resulting in uncommon portrayals on screen. For example, NBC's ""Midnight Caller"" featured a bisexual A.I.D.S. victim whose disturbing intentions alienated viewers, while ABC's ""The Ryan White Story"" took a safer route by focusing on a haemophiliac child. These contrasting approaches highlight the indecision in confronting A.I.D.S. directly, revealing the complexities surrounding its representation. Outside of television, artists and writers, many of whom have personal connections to the epidemic, are engaging with A.I.D.S. more thoughtfully. For instance, photographer Jim Wigler's project ""Faces of A.I.D.S."" captured poignant images of individuals affected by the disease, including the late disco singer Sylvester, who candidly remarked about his grim experiences. This intersection of personal stories and art has contributed to a growing anger towards lack of progress in the fight against A.I.D.S., as reflected in Randy Shilts's influential book ""And the Band Played On."" Nonetheless, the emotional response is evolving, with a shift towards education and comfort. Susan Sontag's book ""A.I.D.S. and its Metaphors"" critiques the language surrounding the disease, arguing that terms like ""plague"" foster misconceptions. Instead, she advocates for fresh perspectives that challenge existing fears regarding sexuality and health. Across America, initiatives to raise awareness through theatre are burgeoning, with plays being created for diverse audiences and efforts to educate performers on how to engage with A.I.D.S. meanings. Interestingly, some artists are moving towards lighter mediums, such as romantic musicals that incorporate A.I.D.S. themes, reflecting a broader cultural desire to address the disease without solely relying on outrage. Despite this, fiction writers often express a complicated relationship with A.I.D.S., drawing inspiration from the tragedy, yet feeling conflicted about their motivations. David Feinberg's novel ""Eighty-Sixed"" serves as a poignant example, chronicling a man's harrowing transition from a liberated life to one overshadowed by the epidemic. As A.I.D.S. continues to affect rising numbers, artists increasingly view their work as therapeutic. The San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus, which has seen substantial loss due to the disease, emphasises uplifting music to support healing. In culmination, while art alone cannot eradicate A.I.D.S., it plays a significant role in alleviating the pain and stigma surrounding it, urging society to confront these harsh realities compassionately and constructively.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890517_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890517.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611323200
7570,17,05,1989,"A.i.d.s. No Great Risk’ To Health Staff (Press, 17 May 1989)","A national conference on A.L.D.S. held in Wellington on 17 May 1989 highlighted that health care workers face a minimal risk of contracting H.I.V. from patients. Dr Deborah Marriott from St Vincent’s Hospital in Sydney reported that fewer than one in 200 health workers exposed to the A.L.D.S. virus developed H.I.V. antibodies. She dismissed recent claims by Dr Lorraine Day, an orthopaedic surgeon, regarding the high contagiousness of H.I.V. and the grave risks to health workers as exaggerated. Dr Marriott emphasised that the views expressed by Dr Day did not align with microbiological facts. The conference aimed to present a draft policy document titled ""The H.I.V.-A.I.D.S. Epidemic: Towards a New Zealand Strategy,"" developed by the National Council on A.L.D.S. Dr Marriott pointed out that only one relevant study on H.I.V. infection among health workers had been published, which described 22 cases. Of those, 19 involved health professionals who were aware they were dealing with H.I.V.-infected material, indicating that universal H.I.V. testing for all patients would be ineffective in preventing accidents. From the 22 reported infections, 14 resulted from penetrating injuries such as cuts from scalpels or needle sticks, while four infections occurred from contact with H.I.V.-contaminated body fluids and broken skin. In the United States, a reporting group noted 1,201 instances of health workers' exposure to H.I.V. since its establishment in August 1983, with only four (0.45 per cent) developing H.I.V. antibodies. Among those exposed, the majority were nurses (62.5 per cent), followed by physicians and medical students (13.7 per cent), laboratory workers (11.2 per cent), blood collectors (7.5 per cent), respiratory therapists (3 per cent), and housekeeping staff (2.1 per cent). Dr Marriott remarked on the irony that those most exposed—nurses—were often the quietest on the issue. She also asserted that common practices like the resheathing of needles should be banned in hospitals to reduce risks. The overall message reinforced the crucial need for health care professionals to strictly adhere to infection control protocols to safeguard themselves and their patients.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890517_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890517.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611323200
7381,17,05,1989,"In Brief (Press, 17 May 1989)","A candlelight memorial for individuals who have died from A.I.D.S. is scheduled to take place at Christchurch Cathedral on 26 May 1989. Organised by the Christchurch A.I.D.S. Candlelight Memorial Mobilisation Group, the event is part of an annual international observance. Partners, family members, and friends of the deceased are encouraged to attend, culminating in a procession to Friendship Corner by the Bridge of Remembrance. In a concerning incident in India, two New Zealand boys, Hardeep aged 11 and Inderpal aged 10, are now under police protection following the assassination of their mother, Surinder Kaur Kalkat, who was the spouse of a Sikh community leader in Auckland. Their father, Jasbir Singh Kalkat, confirmed that police are providing security at the location where the boys are staying in Punjab, a region currently experiencing violence. The tragic murder took place the previous Thursday. In local crime news, a significant burglary occurred on Armagh Street, where stereo equipment worth $3,400 was stolen on the evening of 15 May 1989. The burglar gained entry through a small window and escaped with an amplifier, compact disc player, turntable, and a video recorder. In another incident, a burglar was disturbed at a garage in Bordesley Street, Linwood, on the same evening. The intruder, who fled the scene upon being noticed, left behind various items including a vase, cutlery, and crystal tumblers. Police are investigating and describe the suspect as a young European male with a slim build and short dark hair, wearing a black and red coat and blue jeans. Moreover, the Christchurch branch of the Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child has expressed strong criticism regarding the new Crimes Bill, claiming it disregards the existence of the unborn child. According to spokeswoman Catherine Tasker, Section 129 of the Bill suggests it is no longer a crime to cause the death of unborn children prior to labour onset, which she describes as offensive to pregnant women and unjust to the vulnerable members of society. Lastly, the Christchurch City Council has agreed to purchase a piece of land measuring 25,005 square metres from the Christchurch Drainage Board for $80,000, designated for use as a recreation reserve. This land, located on Tuam Street and Olliviers Road, was previously part of the board's depot and workshop facilities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890517_2_50.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890517.2.50,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611323200
7571,19,05,1989,"A.i.d.s.-test Charge Upsets Climes (Press, 19 May 1989)","Christchurch A.I.D.S. clinics are expressing concern over a decline in the number of A.I.D.S. tests being conducted, attributing this decrease to the introduction of an $11 fee for each test by local laboratories. The Health Department has stated that A.I.D.S. is a top priority, yet it has not agreed to cover the cost of these tests, causing frustration among healthcare professionals. Marie Glenys, a counsellor at the Ettie Rout Clinic, explained that laboratories previously conducted A.I.D.S. tests as a public service, but had to start charging due to the high number of tests and the lack of financial support from the government. She noted that patients must now pay both their general practitioner's fee and the laboratory fee, making it financially burdensome for many, particularly for those at risk such as drug users and the unemployed. The clinic's test numbers have plummeted; for instance, they typically conducted about 12 tests per week but only performed four in the past week. Dr. Heather Lyttle, head of the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic, voiced similar concerns, stating that the recent national A.I.D.S. conference had highlighted the need for the Health Department to subsidise A.I.D.S. testing. She questioned the justification behind the lack of financial support, especially when other medical tests are covered. Despite these challenges, the S.T.D. clinic has managed to provide A.I.D.S. testing for free by processing tests through Christchurch Hospital. However, the overall request for tests has significantly declined due to the new charges, raising further alarm about public health priorities surrounding A.I.D.S. Dr. Ross Moon from the College of General Practitioners also commented that it is unsatisfactory for the Health Department not to subsidise A.I.D.S. tests, given the acknowledged importance of addressing the epidemic in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890519_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890519.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611496000
7572,20,05,1989,"Discrimination Ban For Virus Victims? (Press, 20 May 1989)","On 20 May 1989, the Human Rights Commission in New Zealand made recommendations aimed at addressing discrimination against individuals affected by A.I.D.S. and those who have tested positive for HIV. The chairman of the commission, Mr Justice Wallace, indicated that these recommendations could lead to changes in anti-discrimination legislation. Specifically, the commission proposed that discrimination based on A.I.D.S. and A.I.D.S.-related conditions be included as unlawful under new provisions. Mr Justice Wallace highlighted that evidence suggests discrimination frequently extends beyond the individuals directly affected by A.I.D.S. to include their parents, partners, and also groups that are often targeted, such as gay men and people who use intravenous drugs. The recommendations have been directed to the Minister of Justice, Mr Palmer, indicating a push for legislative reform to protect those affected by the disease from discrimination.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890520_2_79.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890520.2.79,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611582400
7853,24,05,1989,"Deaths Prompt Suicide Seminar (Press, 24 May 1989)","A seminar addressing drug taking and suicide among Ashburton’s youth is set to be led by a crisis-intervention team from Christchurch. Scheduled for the weekend, the event will involve doctors, psychiatrists, police, parents, and representatives from the local youth centre. This initiative follows the recent suicide of a 16-year-old boy, marking the second tragedy of its kind in just six weeks, highlighting the growing concerns in the community. Michael Aitken, the co-ordinator of the Christchurch team, will join social worker Jenny Prentice to facilitate discussions prompted by serious issues, including disturbing trends in drug use and suicidal behaviour among teenagers in the area. The police and Health Department have extended their support for the seminar. The youth centre manager, Errol Findlay, indicated that this year alone has seen three suicides linked to troubling behaviours such as unusual drug consumption, including young people experimenting with injecting coffee and yeast for a high, as well as trading sexual favours for drugs. Findlay described a pervasive culture among older youths aged 18 to 27 who are influencing younger teenagers into dangerous drug-related activities, leading to severe consequences such as prostitution to afford drugs. Amidst these grave issues, police have opted not to comment, while the Coroner, Laurence Cooney, has placed restrictions on publicising details surrounding a possible suicide pact among a group of friends. However, parents of at-risk teens have been vocal about their concerns. One mother expressed frustration at the lack of counselling services in the area, stating she has struggled to find help for her child, especially highlighting the barriers some face in accessing detox services. The recent suicides are further compounded by the belief among some teenagers that they are under the influence of supernatural forces, with reports of involvement in seances following one of the tragedies. Another parent, Brian Box, shared his dismay over the situation, describing the collective experiences of families as a ""nightmare."" He lamented the uncertainty and fear surrounding what might motivate young people in distress, especially regarding their mental health and the availability of support systems. Together, these developments reveal deep-rooted challenges in Ashburton concerning the youth's mental health and substance abuse, prompting urgent community dialogue and action to address the alarming trends affecting young people's lives. The seminar aims to shed light on these critical issues and foster a supportive environment for those affected.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890524_2_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890524.2.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611928000
7054,24,05,1989,"In Brief (Press, 24 May 1989)","On 24 May 1989, the British Government issued a hygiene warning in response to increasing food poisoning incidents. Authorities stressed the importance of proper food handling practices, urging cooks to wash their hands, thoroughly cook food, and avoid raw eggs. In an effort to combat the rise in reported cases of food poisoning, which raised public concerns over the safety of various food products including eggs, cheese, and ready meals, the government launched a £750,000 campaign. This initiative aims to distribute 10 million copies of a detailed leaflet titled ""Food Safety: A guide from Her Majesty’s Government"" in supermarkets and doctors’ surgeries, emphasising essential food hygiene measures. In a related concern about animal welfare, campaigners have called for the establishment of a Ministry for Dogs to address issues within the puppy trade. The rise of ""puppy supermarkets,"" which sell dogs to dealers at inflated prices, has prompted organisations such as the R.S.P.C.A., the Kennel Club, and veterinary professionals to collaborate on a report advocating for government legislation to curb this exploitative trade. They highlight the frequently poor quality of the animals being sold and stress the need for regulatory measures. In a separate incident, a tragic accident involving a vintage DC3 aircraft in Illinois resulted in the death of Karen Ulane, a pilot who gained attention in 1981 after suing Eastern Air Lines. Ulane claimed she was dismissed from her position due to her sex change surgery, having previously operated as Kenneth Ulane. Despite her groundbreaking case, she lost the lawsuit after the Supreme Court declined to reverse a lower court’s ruling against her. Ulane, aged 48, and two other crew members were killed in the crash, as confirmed by the De Kalb county coroner.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890524_2_78_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890524.2.78.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,611928000
7852,25,05,1989,"Teen Problem No Worse — Claim (Press, 25 May 1989)","In Ashburton, prominent locals, including member of Parliament Jenny Shipley and Ashburton College principal Digby Prosser, have responded to increasing sensationalism surrounding teenage issues in the area. Their comments followed reports of a supposed suicide pact among local youths, as well as media attention on two recent teenage suicides. Both Shipley and Prosser assert that although youth suicide is a significant concern nationwide, the challenges faced by Ashburton’s teenagers are comparable to those in other small towns, and do not represent a unique crisis. Shipley expressed her anger at the media's portrayal of the situation, which she believes exaggerates the problems by suggesting that Ashburton is uniquely afflicted and has been neglectful in addressing youth issues. According to her, the reports highlighting drug use, sexual exploitation, and devil worship lack substantiated evidence and represent only a minor part of the community. She pointed out that the reported suicide pact among six teenagers is unfounded and that the tragic suicides are tied to specific events rather than a pervasive issue. She emphasised the town's stability and care and noted the ongoing efforts by residents to secure more mental health services for young people. Prosser echoed Shipley's sentiments, asserting that Ashburton College likely has fewer “at risk” students compared to high schools in larger cities like Christchurch. He suggested that the close-knit nature of small communities contributes to heightened visibility of local tragedies and issues. While he acknowledged a lack of support services for youth, he argued that this is a broader issue that affects similar towns across New Zealand, not just Ashburton. Mr Michael Aitken, co-ordinator of the crisis-intervention team at Christchurch Hospital, announced a seminar planned for that coming Sunday aimed at discussing available resources for supporting stressed young people in Ashburton. The seminar, which is directed at individuals working with youths, is intended to enhance skills in recognising and managing stress among young people. Aitken clarified that this seminar was not a direct response to the recent youth suicide but had been organised weeks in advance. In summary, while recent tragic events have drawn national attention to the challenges faced by teenagers in Ashburton, local leaders contend that the issues reflect wider trends seen in many other communities, and they advocate for a balanced view that underscores the supportive nature of their town.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890525_2_37.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890525.2.37,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,612014400
6443,27,05,1989,"Exploration Of Leonard Bernstein (Press, 27 May 1989)","Joan Peyser's biography ""Leonard Bernstein,"" published in 1989, provides an in-depth exploration of the conductor and composer's life, drawing attention to aspects such as his bisexuality and complex relationships with authority figures. Reviewer Philip Norman notes that Peyser's emphasis on Bernstein's sexual preferences is largely irrelevant to understanding his musical achievements. Instead, he finds her focus on Bernstein's troubled relationship with his father and how it influenced his interactions with prominent male figures repetitive and somewhat simplistic. The narrative is positioned more as a psychological exploration of Bernstein rather than a detailed analysis of his music. Peyser introduces the idea that understanding the intricacies of Bernstein's character is essential to grasping why he led such a tumultuous life. However, Norman criticises this approach, suggesting that it reduces the rich complexity of Bernstein to a series of psychological interpretations that may not fully capture the man’s genius. Throughout the biography, Peyser portrays Bernstein as an egomaniac with a sadistic streak, drawing potentially exaggerated parallels to historical figures of controversy. For instance, she claims that had he chosen politics over music, he could have become a notorious figure. This dark portrayal is illustrated by anecdotes from Bernstein’s career, including incidents where he displayed erratic behaviour, such as firing musicians abruptly and making controversial remarks about AIDS. Conversely, Peyser’s assessment of Bernstein's musical abilities is largely positive. She acknowledges his skills as a conductor and communicator, particularly highlighting his engaging television programmes like ""Omnibus."" His compositional work, such as ""Chichester Psalms"" and ""West Side Story,"" receives praise; however, it is suggested that his fame as a conductor overshadows his compositions, which might not have received as much attention had he not been a well-known performer. Moreover, the biography touches upon broader themes in American music during Bernstein's time, particularly the tension between tonal composers and those who adhered to twelve-tone techniques. This aspect is significant, as Bernstein advocated for melody and tonal composition, positioning him in opposition to more avant-garde trends. Norman concludes that despite its focus on some controversial and potentially trivial aspects of Bernstein's life, ""Leonard Bernstein"" offers engaging insights for music lovers, reflecting the dynamic interplay between his public persona and personal struggles. The biography ultimately seeks to present a lively, albeit imperfect, portrait of a complex figure in American music history, inviting readers to appreciate Bernstein's profound impact on the field.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890527_2_133_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890527.2.133.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,612187200
6444,29,05,1989,"Review ‘bent’ At Angles (Press, 29 May 1989)","The Hagley Theatre Company, directed by Sam Beveridge, staged “Bent” by Martin Sherman at Angles Night Club from May 28 to June 1 and June 3, 1989. The production tackles heavy themes of persecution, survival, and the struggle for identity within the homosexual community in Germany during the 1930s. The play is structured chronologically, portraying the stark contrast between military authority and its victims, delivering a deeply felt narrative that resonates with the audience. However, the potential impact of the play was not fully realised due to various performance shortcomings. Although the young cast demonstrated credibility in portraying their vulnerable characters, they struggled with the sustained cruelty required for the roles. The venue’s restrictive sight lines further limited the production's effectiveness, confining the action to a single plane. The choice of material seemed better suited for performers aiming for depth, but while the cast engaged sincerely, the production began with a tentative approach. Beveridge’s direction occasionally displayed sensitivity, but it also allowed for moments of self-consciousness among the actors, leading to instances of unnecessary nudity and clichéd depictions of Nazi violence. The second half saw a more settled performance from Michael Hodgson, who played Max, and Tim Scandrett, who portrayed his fellow prisoner Horst, with both delivering a more engaging presence. Yet, the overall execution of the theatre craft varied, and the production seemed to opt for a safe, adequate approach rather than fully embracing the narrative’s opportunities. An example of this was the portrayal of the electrified fence, which hinted at a reluctance to explore the play’s darker dimensions. The title “Bent” has dual meanings, yet only the socially and sexually non-straight implication was effectively highlighted, while deeper themes of coercion and distortion were not adequately addressed. Despite the language and plot's remaining force, the production was ultimately diminished by a lack of coherent concept and control, resulting in an interesting but ultimately underwhelming experience for the audience.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890529_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890529.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,612360000
6838,03,06,1989,"Intrigue Amid Tall Ships (Press, 3 June 1989)","In the book ""Dragons at the Party"" by Jon Cleary, published in 1989, the author crafts an engaging political thriller set against the backdrop of Sydney during the Australia Day weekend in 1988. Cleary, known for his storytelling rather than introspective writing or societal criticism, successfully blends intrigue with the vibrant atmosphere of the city. The narrative revolves around the complex interactions of state and federal politicians, police forces, and an exiled dictator from a small Pacific island nation, highlighting a web of political machinations and double-crossings. The picturesque Sydney Harbour and the tall ships participating in the Australia Day festivities serve as a continuous setting that enhances the storyline. Notably, Cleary introduces a fictional lesbian Prime Minister from New Zealand, adding another layer to the political landscape within the narrative. The story does not shy away from incorporating local elements, such as the devastating bushfires that surrounded Sydney during the summer of 1988, showcasing the city's character as central to the unfolding drama. Overall, ""Dragons at the Party"" stands out as a fast-paced thriller that combines entertainment with a keen depiction of the political environment of Sydney in the late 1980s, ensuring that readers are both engaged and immersed in the unfolding events.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890603_2_136_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890603.2.136.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,612792000
6445,08,06,1989,"Gay Men’s Club Gets Liquor Licence (Press, 8 June 1989)","On 8 June 1989, it was reported that the Dorian Society in Christchurch received a charter licence allowing them to sell liquor at their premises located on Lichfield Street. The decision was met with some objections, notably from Mr C. Lee, the society's immediate past president, as well as from the Christchurch Licensed Nightclub and Cabaret Association. Mr S. King, the current president of the society, testified that the organisation was initially created as a supportive environment for homosexual men, allowing them to connect without facing public ridicule. King, who took over the presidency following a vote of no confidence against Lee in July 1988, mentioned that the police were aware of the society's existence and, in his view, supported its objectives. He acknowledged that the Dorian Society had five past convictions under the Sale of Liquor Act but asserted that these were not due to an intentional disregard for the law. King believed that the society had acted responsibly, sought legal counsel, and worked closely with law enforcement. While the focus of the society was on providing a venue for homosexual individuals, King noted their involvement in broader community initiatives, such as establishing a Gay Information Centre and organising conferences. The hearing did, however, witness scrutiny regarding allegations of drug use on the premises. During cross-examination, Lee raised concerns about the suitability of the society's officers to hold a liquor licence, suggesting issues such as drug dealing, underage alcohol sales, and non-compliance with licensing hours. The commission chairman, Judge Gatley, stated that while Lee's views were important, they needed to be considered in the context of his removal from the presidency, suggesting possible bias. Judge Gatley concluded that the commission was obliged to respect the lack of objection from the Christchurch police, who had comprehensive knowledge of the society’s operations and previous legal troubles. He warned that if the charter were to be granted and not managed responsibly, the society would likely face opposition from the police when it came time to renew the licence. Additionally, the commission imposed a membership cap of 250 for the society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890608_2_76.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890608.2.76,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,613224000
7227,08,06,1989,"New Drug For A.I.D.S. Patients Is ‘safe’ (Press, 8 June 1989)","On 8 June 1989, researchers announced promising news regarding a new decoy drug aimed at confusing the A.I.D.S. virus. Known as soluble CD4, this drug mimics the natural target of the virus, potentially lowering its levels in the body. Dr Ian Weller from Middlesex School of Medicine in England expressed cautious optimism about the findings, acknowledging that research is still in its early phases and the ultimate effectiveness of the drug for A.I.D.S. treatment remains uncertain. Currently, the main drug used widely against the A.I.D.S. virus is AZT, which, while able to extend the lives of those infected, does not cure the disease and has various toxic side effects. Dr Thomas Merigan from Stanford University highlighted the urgent need for alternative treatments beyond AZT. The data on CD4 and other prospective A.I.D.S. therapies were presented at the fifth International Conference on A.I.D.S., a significant annual gathering that reviews progress in combating the disease. The development of CD4 as a therapeutic option is part of a broader trend of designing medications that exploit weaknesses inherent in the A.I.D.S. virus. The drug serves as a synthetic version of CD4, a molecule found on the surface of helper T cells, which are critical to the immune system and the primary targets of the virus. The theoretical mechanism of action is based on inundating the bloodstream with these decoy molecules, leading the virus to target them instead of the actual helper T cells. In preliminary studies involving 18 participants at the National Cancer Institute, short-term treatment with CD4 was associated with about a 50 per cent reduction in the virus levels. However, Dr Robert Yarchoan, who led the study, cautioned that these results may be influenced by natural fluctuations in viral load and did not necessarily stem from the medication itself, as no patients demonstrated improvement throughout the 19-day trial. He noted the results could have been either better or worse, reflecting the unpredictability of early-stage trials.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890608_2_84_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890608.2.84.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,613224000
6446,10,06,1989,"Stabbing Brings Jail (Press, 10 June 1989)","On 10 June 1989, Paul Waiohana Ngapuhi, a 22-year-old unemployed man, was sentenced to two years in prison for stabbing another man in a case that raised significant legal and social issues. The events that led to his conviction unfolded on 19 February of the same year when Ngapuhi spent the night at the flat of Neil Archibald. After falling asleep, he awoke to what he believed to be an assault, perceiving hands and a mouth on his private parts. During the trial in the High Court at Wellington, Ngapuhi was found guilty of causing grievous bodily harm with intent but was acquitted of a more serious charge of attempted murder. Justice Ongley, overseeing the case, acknowledged that Ngapuhi had indeed been assaulted while he slept. However, he clarified that this did not justify Ngapuhi's subsequent actions. Ngapuhi had intentionally retrieved a knife from the kitchen and returned to the bedroom to stab Archibald. The judge remarked that if a passer-by had not intervened, Archibald could have faced fatal consequences. The case highlights complex issues surrounding consent, personal safety, and the legal ramifications of violent reactions to perceived threats. Ngapuhi's response to what he believed was a sexual assault was deemed excessive and ultimately led to his conviction and imprisonment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890610_2_37_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890610.2.37.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,613396800
6995,16,06,1989,"Bad-taste King Seeks Wider Audience With... (Press, 16 June 1989)","John Waters, known for his provocative style, has taken a different direction with his latest film ""Hairspray,"" stepping into a more family-friendly territory. The film, which had a brief run earlier in the year at Pantages, is now being showcased again at the Avon. Waters retains some of his signature elements, including a character previously played by the late Divine and moments of outrageousness, such as a comedic scene involving sickness on a merry-go-round. However, much of the film's content is designed to elicit little more than a puzzled response, as it portrays a fictional Baltimore in 1962—a time characterized by innocence and the looming issues of racial discrimination. The plot centres on Tracy Turnblad, portrayed by Ricki Lake, who is an enthusiastic fan of the local teen dance show, ""The Corny Collins Show."" The show reflects a segregated society, permitting black dancers only once a month. Tracy, whose character defies conventions with her confidence and larger size, dreams of appearing on the show. Her determination leads her to impress the show's selectors at a record hop, and she becomes an instant sensation on television. While her size is a contrast to the typical slim dancers, it does not hinder her rise; she even lands a modelling gig with Hefty Hideaway, a fashion house for plus-sized women. Tracy's story is complicated by her relationships with various characters, including her eccentric mother played by Divine and her friend Penny, whose own mother possesses a severe aversion to black people. Racial integration becomes a significant theme, though it's handled in a light-hearted manner, almost comedic in its portrayal of serious issues. ""Hairspray"" features a diverse cast, including well-known personalities like Sonny Bono, Debbie Harry, and Pia Zadora, contributing to the film's comedic charm. Unlike Waters' earlier, more graphic titles that catered to a niche audience, this film aims for broader appeal, encapsulating a nostalgic and humorous look at societal norms and personal acceptance during a transformative period in American history. With ""Hairspray,"" Waters invites viewers to indulge in a lighter cinematic snack rather than his past offerings of edgy content.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890616_2_136_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890616.2.136.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,613915200
6447,16,06,1989,"Gay Rights Milestone (Press, 16 June 1989)","On 16 June 1989, San Francisco made significant strides in gay rights legislation. The city's Board of Supervisors unanimously approved a law to recognise and register “domestic partners,” a term that includes both homosexual couples and non-married heterosexual pairs. This milestone ordinance mandates that partners who reside together and share living expenses can formalise their relationship by declaring themselves as domestic partners. The law ensures that these couples cannot be discriminated against within their domestic arrangement. To register as domestic partners, individuals must pay a fee of US$35 and commit to cohabitating while sharing expenses. It is important to note that one cannot be married when entering into this partnership. The law also stipulates that if a relationship ends, formal notification must be given, and a new partnership cannot be established for at least six months afterwards. For those hesitant to use the public registry at City Hall, a formalised status can still be achieved through a witnessed statement signed by a notary. While the law may not offer extensive practical advantages, it does afford some key benefits. Notably, it grants partners the right to visit each other in hospitals, a necessity highlighted by the high incidence of AIDS in the city, which has profoundly impacted many homosexual relationships. In the broader context, this ordinance positions San Francisco at the forefront of the fight for gay rights in the United States, as it is the first of its kind in the country. However, it follows similar steps taken by three other Californian cities—Santa Cruz, Berkeley, and West Hollywood—that have proposed spousal benefits for unmarried partners, though it is often unmarried heterosexual couples who benefit from these laws. In a related development, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is advocating for the recognition of homosexual partners as “family members” in the framework of existing rent control laws in New York, a case highlighting ongoing struggles for legal recognition and protection of gay relationships in various contexts. Meanwhile, Denmark has surpassed these advancements by enacting a ""registered partnership"" law that provides homosexuals with nearly all the legal rights of married couples, apart from the adoption right. This legislation, approved by the Danish Parliament with a 71 to 47 vote, has seen little public protest, though it faces opposition from organisations like the Catholic Church. In summary, the developments in San Francisco and Denmark represent significant milestones in the pursuit of equal rights for homosexuals, reflecting shifting legal and societal norms surrounding domestic partnerships and marriage.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890616_2_82.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890616.2.82,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,613915200
6448,17,06,1989,"Jury Rejected Insanity Submissions (Press, 17 June 1989)","The trial of Juliet Hulme and Pauline Parker captured the attention of Christchurch, lasting from 23 to 28 August 1954. The defence team for Hulme included Terence Gresson and Brian McClelland, while Parker was defended by Dr Alec Haslam and Jim Wicks. The Crown was represented by Peter Mahon and Alan Brown. The defence accepted that the girls were responsible for the murder of Parker's mother, but claimed they were insane at the time of the act. The defence's central argument was that the girls suffered from a specific type of insanity known as ""folie à deux,"" a shared delusion. Dr Reginald Medlicott, a psychiatrist who assessed the girls and examined their writings, testified that their delusions were of an exalted nature, marked by paranoia. He noted that their close relationship hindered their emotional development and contributed to their mental instability. Although there was no confirmed physical relationship, suggestive evidence indicated they had an extraordinarily intense bond, which became detrimental. Dr Medlicott described the girls as attempting to convince themselves of their insanity, highlighting that they exhibited compulsive behaviours without acting on them. He expressed concern over their arrogance and lack of remorse, particularly citing statements from Parker regarding the threats posed by her mother to their friendship. Dr Francis Bennett corroborated the view that their actions arose from a deep insanity, stating that their decision to murder was a misguided justification for preserving their bond. The Crown countered this narrative by presenting three psychiatrists who assessed the girls and declared them sane. Dr Kenneth Stallworthy observed that he had never encountered two insane individuals collaborating on a crime, reinforcing that Parker and Hulme were aware of the law and the wrongness of their actions. Other Crown experts echoed this sentiment, dismissing claims of insanity and highlighting the girls' emotional composure during the trial. As the trial concluded, the jury took just over two hours to return a guilty verdict. However, due to their youth, Hulme and Parker were not sentenced to death; instead, Mr Justice Adams sentenced them to an indefinite term at Her Majesty's pleasure. The pair were then imprisoned at Mount Eden, but they were kept apart. Despite the jury's ruling, they did not receive psychiatric treatment. Both women were released before 1960, but the notoriety of the case made reintegration into society challenging. Speculation regarding their post-release lives followed, with reports suggesting Parker adopted a new identity and sought a life in Catholicism, eventually working at a Catholic institution. Hulme, on the other hand, was reportedly married and residing in the United States, pursuing a career as a writer.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890617_2_107_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890617.2.107.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,614001600
7607,19,06,1989,"Kate Sheppard Women's Bookshop (Press, 19 June 1989)","The information provided includes the address and contact details for a location at 145 Manchester St. The phone number is 790-784. The operating hours are Monday to Thursday from 9 a.m. to 5.30 p.m., Friday from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., and Saturday from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890619_2_85_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890619.2.85.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,614174400
7573,19,06,1989,"Prisoner Study Backs Up A.i.d.s. Fears (Press, 19 June 1989)","A study conducted in South Australia has highlighted serious concerns regarding the potential for prisons to become incubators of AIDS, revealing that up to 44 per cent of prisoners are at least occasional intravenous drug users. The findings were published in the Medical Journal of Australia and indicate that about a third of prisoners are considered at risk of spreading HIV, with 34 per cent reporting occasional anal sex. The research focused on inmates at the Yatala Labour Prison and uncovered that between 5 per cent to 18 per cent were involved in both intravenous drug use and anal sex, which are significant risk factors for the transmission of HIV. Gathering data from estimates provided by inmates and prison staff, the researchers noted alarming practices around the sharing of needles, stating that fewer than five needles were available for intravenous drug users in each division of the prison. The study has prompted calls for urgent action to prevent a potential outbreak of HIV within prisons, which could have broader implications for public health. At the time of the survey, only one prisoner was confirmed to be infected with HIV, although the infection status of roughly a quarter of the inmates remained unknown. This has raised further concerns regarding the hidden presence of the virus in the prison population. Global health authorities are increasingly worried that prisons could serve as reservoirs for AIDS, with the risk of the infection spreading to the outside community. The prevalence of HIV infection among prisoners varies widely, with rates in U.S. and European prisons reported at less than 1 per cent to more than 25 per cent, and in some specific groups, as high as 60 per cent. The study was carried out by a collaborative team from the Australian National University, the South Australian Health Commission, the Royal Adelaide Hospital, and the South Australian Prisons Medical Service. The researchers emphasised the importance of addressing the risk factors identified in the study to mitigate the potential for HIV transmission within prison settings and beyond.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890619_2_57_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890619.2.57.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,614174400
6449,20,06,1989,"Man Thought Dead After Attack At Party (Press, 20 June 1989)","In a District Court hearing on 19 June 1989, a young woman testified about an incident involving Gary Leonard Wildermoth, who was allegedly assaulted by Raymond David Brown, a 29-year-old unemployed man, on the early morning of 23 April. The woman recounted that she believed Wildermoth was either dead or dying following the attack, during which Brown is accused of kicking him while wearing steel-capped boots. Witnesses provided chilling details about the incident, noting that while Wildermoth lay on the ground after the initial attack, someone at the party defaced him by writing “I’m gay” on his forehead, cutting off half his hair, drawing a swastika on his cheek, and inscribing “I’m dead” on his back. He also had a burn mark on his stomach. The Justices of the Peace, Mr G. M. Gray and Mrs C. M. Holmes, after hearing the prosecution's evidence, committed Brown for trial by jury on a charge of causing grievous bodily harm with intent to Wildermoth and remanded him into custody. Prosecutor Sergeant Max South outlined the events leading to the assault, stating that Wildermoth and a woman were invited to a party after spending time at a hotel. During the gathering, Brown allegedly kicked Wildermoth near a pool table. After Wildermoth fell to the floor, Brown reportedly lifted him up multiple times, causing his head to hit the ground. Witness Suzanne Marie Ormandy, aged 20, observed the attack and recalled seeing Wildermoth bleeding and unconscious. Believing he might be dead, she called a friend for assistance. Ormandy returned to see the egregious vandalism done to Wildermoth’s appearance and noted Brown’s bizarre behaviour as he spoke of waking Wildermoth up with an axe, though he did not act on this threat. Instead, Brown and another individual later dragged Wildermoth out of the house and placed him against a fence, causing further injury as his head hit the fence. Once Wildermoth was taken home, he suffered convulsions, prompting an ambulance call. He was hospitalised for several weeks and, upon regaining consciousness, could only recall the events leading up to the attack, denying any homosexual orientation. Medical experts confirmed Wildermoth had suffered a fractured jaw, facial bruises, and brain injuries affecting his co-ordination and balance for months. Furthermore, police presented photographic evidence showing the writings and swastikas on Wildermoth’s body. During cross-examination, Ormandy clarified that she did not believe Brown had been responsible for cutting Wildermoth's hair or drawing on his body. In his defence, Brown claimed he had not witnessed any assault at the party.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890620_2_34_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890620.2.34.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,614260800
6450,27,06,1989,"Male Rape Crisis Figure Doubles (Press, 27 June 1989)","The Rape Crisis Centre in Rotorua has reported a significant increase in the number of males seeking assistance, with the figures more than doubling from the previous year ending May 1989. Male clients constituted 6 per cent of the centre's workload in the year to May 1988, but this figure rose to 14 per cent in 1989, translating to 20 male clients out of a total of 148 cases handled by the centre's five volunteers. A spokesperson for the centre, who requested anonymity for fear of reprisal from offenders, revealed that most of the male victims had experienced sodomy by heterosexual men, either during childhood or adulthood. There has also been a notable trend of males recently released from prison seeking help, as they confront difficulties in re-establishing normal sexual relationships following experiences of sexual abuse while incarcerated. The increase in male clients does not indicate a rise in the sexual abuse of males, but rather reflects a growing willingness to discuss these issues, which has only become socially acceptable in the last decade. The spokesperson emphasised that societal stigma, particularly around masculinity and sexuality, often deters men from seeking help. She remarked, “It takes a pretty courageous and desperate man to ring a women’s organisation for help but there is nowhere else for them to go.” To address this need, the spokesperson called for the establishment of a dedicated network for men who have been sexually abused. Furthermore, she highlighted a troubling trend where men in the community are becoming increasingly anxious about being associated with child-related activities for fear of being perceived as abusers. The spokesperson also pointed out a concerning attitude within some community groups that tends to downplay the prevalence of sexual abuse, labelling it as a common and insidious issue that must be confronted rather than ignored. She advocated for more individuals to find the courage to report cases of sexual abuse and rape, positing that increased reporting would enable society to grasp the severity of the problem. Overall, the message conveyed was one of urgency in addressing sexual abuse, as well as a need for support systems specifically aimed at male victims.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890627_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890627.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,614865600
6451,27,06,1989,"Negative News (Press, 27 June 1989)","In a letter published on 27 June 1989, Lois Fechney responded to a previous article titled ""Negative news"" that addressed parental concerns regarding Bible instruction in schools. Fechney highlighted a sensational headline claiming that ""Parents don’t want Bible in schools,” which she argued misrepresented the situation. A deputy principal from Newmarket School noted that, at the start of the year, only nine out of 110 pupils had been exempted from Bible instruction at the request of their parents. Despite this indication of parental support for Bible instruction, a later survey suggested parents may have been hesitant to express their views openly. Fechney expressed concern that if parents of Asian descent were indeed fearful of voicing their opinions, it could lead to a lack of balance against teachings she deemed questionable, including evolution and transcendental meditation, as well as social instruction provided by homosexual educators. She cautioned that sensationalist reporting, which undermined Biblical truths, could degrade the quality of the publication, transforming it into what she described as a ""distasteful rag."" Fechney's letter reflected a view that maintaining biblical teachings in education was essential to counteract other educational content that she considered problematic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890627_2_135_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890627.2.135.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,614865600
7574,29,06,1989,"A.i.d.s. Death Pay-outs $720,000 (Press, 29 June 1989)","On 29 June 1989, it was reported that life insurance companies in New Zealand have disbursed $720,000 in claims related to deaths of individuals who were victims of A.I.D.S. Since September 1988, the Life Offices Association has maintained a register collecting statistical information on A.I.D.S.-related claims while ensuring the anonymity of the victims and their families. A spokesperson for the association detailed that there have been a total of 34 claims associated with 18 fatalities and three disability-income insurance cases. The claims predominantly involved men, with the deceased being categorised by age as follows: four were aged 20-29, ten were between 30-39, two fell into the 40-49 age range, and five were aged 50-59. The professional backgrounds of these individuals were primarily in professional, managerial, and clerical sectors. Mr. Kevin Pike, the chief underwriter from AMP in Australia, highlighted the significance of understanding A.I.D.S. and the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.) in the insurance industry. He noted that due to the high mortality risk associated with the disease, individuals infected with H.I.V. often face difficulty obtaining insurance coverage. Insurers focus on assessing applications by determining whether an applicant is H.I.V. positive or whether they engage in activities that elevate their risk of contracting the virus. Pike explained that insurers consider A.I.D.S. comparable to other life-threatening diseases. Data indicates that individuals who are H.I.V. positive experience a mortality rate that is at least 30 times higher than that of the general population, whereas most insurance companies are only prepared to underwrite risks that are up to five times the normal mortality rate. This disparity in risk assessment poses challenges for those affected by the disease seeking life insurance.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890629_2_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890629.2.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615038400
7455,30,06,1989,"Italian Answers Prayers Of The One-car Family (Press, 30 June 1989)","Fiat, founded in 1899, is approaching its centenary, having established a strong presence in the automotive world with models that embody practicality and economy. The Fiat Tipo, which launched in Europe about 18 months before its introduction to New Zealand in 1989, is heralded as a culmination of Fiat's century of automotive experience. It is described as a “small big car” with broad appeal that does not conform to traditional macho aesthetics, making it accessible to practical drivers, particularly women. The Tipo's design combines features that reflect various European automotive traits; it is said to handle like a British car, ride like a French car, and exhibit the rigidity of a German vehicle, while still possessing distinctively Italian features. This makes it suitable for a wide range of New Zealand car buyers, who typically favour medium-sized Japanese sedans or larger Australian models, with the Tipo appealing as an all-purpose family vehicle. Despite its compact exterior, the Tipo offers surprisingly generous interior space compared to competitors, like the Toyota Corona, with more shoulder width, headroom, and a longer wheelbase. Its design prioritises comfort and practicality, emphasising smooth handling, stability, and engine responsiveness. Each component reflects an intention for versatility, aiming to meet the needs of various users, while maintaining performance akin to a sportier hatchback. In terms of construction quality, the Tipo is noteworthy for its robust bodyshell design, which prioritises safety and durability. More than 70% of its body is galvanised to resist rust, and parts like the tailgate are made from innovative materials to ensure longevity. The interior is adorned with quality fabrics and practical features, including spacious seating, generous cargo capacity, and modern conveniences like central locking and digital instruments. The Tipo is powered by two engine options tailored for European drivers that are also suitable for New Zealand conditions. The smaller 1372 cc engine delivers adequate power for urban driving, while the 1580 cc engine offers a spirited performance, showcasing impressive acceleration and top speed. Overall, the Tipo emerges as a compelling choice for those seeking a family car that balances performance, comfort, and practicality, with the potential to unite differing preferences within a family. Its thoughtful design and comprehensive features make it a worthy contender in the automotive market for New Zealand shoppers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890630_2_111.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890630.2.111,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615124800
6454,01,07,1989,"Bitter-sweet Gaiety (Press, 1 July 1989)","""Sucking Sherbet Lemons,"" a novel by Michael Carson published by Black Swan in 1989, explores the life of Benson, a homosexual Catholic boy navigating the complexities of his identity. The narrative is designed to resonate not just with homosexuals and Catholics but with anyone who embraces a free spirit and enjoys diverse literature. Benson is portrayed as a chubby schoolboy burdened by the expectations of his faith, weekly engaging in the rituals of confession and contrition to suppress his desires. In a bid to escape the pressures of school, particularly a challenging maths class led by Brother Wood, he enters a religious order. However, the close-knit environment, populated by other boys who share his same-sex attractions, complicates his quest for spiritual reflection and ultimately leads him to leave the order. The turning point in Benson’s journey comes when he accepts his sexuality and begins to forge friendships with like-minded individuals. Embracing his identity allows him to identify as a ""happy homo,"" indicating a shift towards self-acceptance and joy in his life. Carson, drawing from his own experiences as a former novice in a religious order, effectively tackles the intertwined themes of Catholicism and homosexuality. The book is described as humorous and witty, though it carries a bittersweet undertone, hinted at through its title, which evokes the contrast between sweet and sour experiences. Overall, ""Sucking Sherbet Lemons"" presents an engaging and relatable tale about the struggles of self-discovery and acceptance within the context of faith and sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890701_2_133_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890701.2.133.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615211200
6453,01,07,1989,"Washington Callboy Allegations (Press, 1 July 1989)","On 1 July 1989, it was reported that top officials from three US presidential administrations, specifically those of George Bush, Ronald Reagan, and Jimmy Carter, were implicated in an investigation into a callboy ring in Washington, D.C. This operation allegedly catered to powerful figures in politics and business, who used credit cards to pay for male homosexual prostitutes. The callboys were said to have presented themselves as members of an escort service, with their fees processed through major credit cards. The funds for the callboy services were reportedly laundered through an account maintained by a prominent funeral home director in the Washington area. Federal prosecutor Jay Stephens acknowledged an ongoing investigation related to credit card fraud, which followed a police raid on a house in an affluent neighbourhood suspected to be the ring's base of operations. Stephens stressed that the investigation would proceed without interference, aiming to quell any speculation about potential political pressure to halt it. While neither homosexuality nor prostitution falls under federal law as a crime, prostitution is illegal in Washington, D.C., and credit card fraud is a federal offence. Reports indicated that the clientele of the callboy ring comprised not only White House officials but also military officers, congressional aides, and various businesspeople closely connected to the political elite in Washington. Sources noted that individuals from both the Republican and Democratic parties were caught up in the scandal, highlighting its broad impact. The ""Washington Times,"" which uncovered the story, further disclosed that at least two callboys had taken part in a night-time tour of the White House the previous July, an event requiring significant influence to bypass the mansion's stringent security. Paul Balach, who was the political personnel liaison to the White House for Labour Secretary Elizabeth Dole, admitted to having used the callboy services, citing “loneliness” as his motive for doing so.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890701_2_70_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890701.2.70.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615211200
6455,05,07,1989,"Drugs Widespread On Lowa—sailor (Press, 5 July 1989)","A sailor from the U.S.S. Iowa, Gunner’s Mate Third Class Kendall Truitt, has alleged that drug use was widespread aboard the battleship, particularly in the crew that was involved in the turret explosion that killed 47 men on 19 April 1989. Truitt, aged 21, claims that several sailors had significant drug issues, raising concerns about safety when handling gunpowder. He pointed out that his friend, Gunner’s Mate Clayton Harwig, who perished in the explosion, had reported drug use to the Naval Investigative Service (NIS) prior to the incident. Truitt asserts that the Navy has attempted to place the blame for the disaster on him and that leaks about his personal life—suggesting a homosexual relationship with Harwig—are unfounded. Following the explosion, Harwig had named Truitt as the sole beneficiary of his $150,000 double indemnity life insurance policy, further complicating the situation. The Navy has not made public comments regarding the allegations of drug use or the statements made by Truitt, citing the ongoing investigation by the NIS. Truitt's lawyer, Ellis Rubin, has called for the Navy to issue a formal apology for allegedly tarnishing Truitt's reputation. Rubin mentioned that two NIS agents apologised privately for the leaks about Truitt but insisted that a formal acknowledgment and apology is necessary from the Navy. Additionally, during the investigation, Navy personnel reportedly questioned Mrs Truitt about her intimate relationships, including inquiries into her sexual history, which has sparked demands for an apology from President George H.W. Bush. Mrs Truitt feels that the invasive questioning is inappropriate and calls for accountability from higher-ups in the Navy. The situation continues to unfold as the investigation into the tragedy and the allegations proceeds.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890705_2_82_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890705.2.82.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615556800
7491,06,07,1989,"Comedians Go To Heart Of Matter (Press, 6 July 1989)","On 6 July 1989, the New Zealand television programme ""Heartline"" was being filmed, featuring presenter Joanna Paul and the comedy duo ""Funny Business,"" consisting of Willy de Wit and Peter Murphy. The programme aimed to educate viewers on preventing heart disease, the leading cause of death in New Zealand, using an engaging and comedic approach. During filming, Paul playfully remarked that the show's set resembled a ""gay spiders’ hang-out,"" despite it being designed to represent the inside of a cleverly constructed artery. Willy de Wit noted that portraying red corpuscles in the show was one of the more unconventional roles the duo had taken on, surpassing even their more conventional work in advertisements for Harvey Farm chickens. The comedic twist of their roles often bewildered people when they learned that they were playing red blood cells for a health-focused show. ""Heartline"" follows a similar format to the earlier programme ""Cancerline,"" which aired in 1987. Producer Dave Gibson explained that the new show also emphasised prevention over treatment and has incorporated a mixture of former ""Cancerline"" cast members and new comedians. Gibson's production company in Wellington was also working on a subsequent series of ""Public Eye"" and a safe sex programme set to air in September. The comedic team of ""Funny Business"" contributed their own sketches to ""Heartline."" De Wit mentioned the challenge of balancing humour with educational content, revealing that research for the show was enlightening. He shared a personal connection to the heart health theme, stating that his father suffers from angina, which made the project resonate more deeply with him. De Wit and Murphy based their sketches on biological knowledge acquired through research, including the specifics of how corpuscles function, such as their remarkable ability to circulate through the body numerous times a day. As the filming progressed, the comedians were close to finalising their scripts for a second series, with filming anticipated to begin later in the year. The collaborative blend of humour and informative content in ""Heartline"" aimed to effectively reach and educate the audience on vital health information concerning heart disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890706_2_79_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890706.2.79.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615643200
6456,07,07,1989,"Cable Briefs (Press, 7 July 1989)","On 7 July 1989, South Africa announced the successful test firing of a rocket booster at a test range in Cape Province, although it did not provide specific details regarding the missile's performance or intended purpose. This announcement followed a report by the ""Washington Times"" suggesting that South Africa was prepared to conduct tests on an intermediate-range ballistic missile developed with assistance from Israel. Armscor, the state-owned weapons manufacturer, declined to comment on the claims made in the media. In Berlin, a 24-year-old East German man made a successful escape to West Germany by climbing over the Berlin Wall in full view of border patrols, with no shots fired. This event came shortly after East German President Erich Honecker advised that border guards had been instructed not to open fire on escapees, marking a notable shift in policy, especially following a recent incident where a 20-year-old man was shot dead attempting a similar escape. In Papua New Guinea, Prime Minister Rabbie Namaliu cancelled his trip to a South Pacific Forum in Kiribati, citing the critical situation on Bougainville Island as requiring his immediate attention. His deputy, Akoka Doi, will represent him at the forum. In environmental news, approximately 200 West German Greenpeace activists staged a protest at the Hoechst chemicals plant near Frankfurt by invading parts of the facility to demonstrate against the production of harmful ozone-depleting substances. The activists occupied cranes and unfurled banners as part of their protest. Mikhail Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, publicly revealed that he was baptised in the Russian Orthodox Church, describing this as normal. He had previously discussed his early experiences with the church during a visit to Britain in 1984. In Ireland, parents concerned about adolescent drinking are planning to establish the country's first alcohol-free pub, with no Guinness or other alcoholic beverages available. Moscow's mayor, Valery Saikin, expressed urgency regarding the city's extensive pollution problems, calling for action to mitigate the damage inflicted on air, water, and soil by various industries. Lieutenant-General Igor Sinoplanikov reported that doctors found no signs of radiation poisoning in the crew of a Soviet nuclear submarine that experienced a fire off Norway. In China, officials notified certain hotels in Beijing to remove satellite dishes that capture foreign news broadcasts, indicating government efforts to control the information accessible to the public. In the UK, transport workers brought the rail network to a standstill amid a wave of labour unrest that poses increasing challenges to Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's government, with a national dock strike anticipated the following week. In San Francisco, the city became the first major U.S. city to offer ""domestic partner"" certificates for same-sex and unmarried heterosexual couples. However, the first applicants were turned away due to an administrative delay in distributing the certificates. A survey in Britain suggested a lack of scientific knowledge among the public, with many participants unaware of basic scientific facts, including the Earth’s orbit around the sun and the effectiveness of antibiotics against viruses. In a more unusual story, a four-year-old boy in Jiangsu, China, named Kung Mingming, reportedly began smoking at the encouragement of his father as a means to quiet him, and was now struggling with an early addiction. Finally, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher strongly refuted claims that the nuclear power sector would be excluded from her electricity privatisation plans, following a report suggesting that decommissioning issues could deter investor interest.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890707_2_71.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890707.2.71,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615729600
6457,10,07,1989,"‘Message To Bigots’ In Reform Of Gay Law (Press, 10 July 1989)","On 10 July 1989, Fran Wilde, a Member of Parliament who played a pivotal role in passing the Homosexual Law Reform Act in 1986, spoke in Wellington, reflecting on the outcomes of the law reform. She asserted that the reform had not led to the moral decay that some detractors had feared, dismissing claims that New Zealand had become akin to a ""modern-day Sodom."" Wilde's comments were directed at those who opposed the reform out of ignorance, fear, and religious prejudice. She noted that the societal shift towards accepting homosexual rights had revealed significant conservatism and misunderstanding in New Zealand, highlighting the long and challenging journey to achieve reform. Throughout this process, Wilde indicated that various legal milestones had contributed to fostering a more enlightened society. She pointed out that a majority of New Zealanders now recognised the righteousness of the movement, affirming that gay men and lesbians deserved equal treatment under the law, similar to their heterosexual counterparts. Wilde emphasised the substantial positive changes in the lives of gay men and lesbians, particularly in terms of improved self-esteem, which resulted from extensive campaigning and national education efforts. She remarked on the emergence of gay and lesbian networks from previously marginalised and underground settings, now openly visible even in smaller provinces. Additionally, she mentioned that governmental bodies were also experiencing shifts, notably within the Health Department, which had begun to address the public health threat of AIDS. Although she acknowledged that this was merely the beginning, Wilde expressed optimism that each gained acceptance would contribute to a richer and more inclusive society for all New Zealanders.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890710_2_14.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890710.2.14,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,615988800
6458,13,07,1989,"New Party Promises Christian Alternative (Press, 13 July 1989)","On 12 July 1989, a new political party called the Christian Heritage Party was officially launched in Christchurch, aimed at providing a Christian alternative to the existing Labour and National parties in New Zealand. The party’s representatives expressed the belief that both Labour and National had failed to uphold traditional family and moral values. While the party did not disclose its membership numbers, it announced plans to contest selected seats in the upcoming 1990 General Election. The leadership of the Christian Heritage Party consists of a 15-member board, which notably includes a prayer director, and plans to remain active until the party's first convention scheduled for February 1990. Among the board members are notable figures, including John Allen, who serves as the party's spokesman. Allen is a former member of the National Party, having contested for the Heretaunga seat in the 1987 election. His dissatisfaction with the National Party grew after he perceived a shift away from Christian values, particularly after the replacement of Graeme Lee, a Christian advocate, with a more liberal figure as the Opposition’s family representative. Allen has also expressed concerns regarding the National Party's endorsement of compulsory pre-school education and believes the party has strayed from its core principles. Some members of the Heritage board previously participated in the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, which advocates for moral issues, but Allen clarified that the new party does not intend to link with this or any other pressure groups, nor with any specific religious bodies. The party's central office is located in Christchurch, and its interim leadership includes Bill Van Rij as president, Gary Milne as vice-president, Michael Willemse as secretary, and Lindsay Galt as treasurer, with all four being from Christchurch. The Christian Heritage Party has identified various legislative changes as contributing to shifts in New Zealand's value system, including the Homosexual Law Reform Act and the ratification of the United Nations Covenant on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women. They noted that while many Christians attempted to engage with traditional political parties in 1987, their efforts often met with negative responses. Key policies outlined by the party include a strong opposition to abortion, an increase in police funding, advocating for a reduction in government involvement in health and education services, and economic policies aimed at eliminating government debt. The founders of the party are positioning it as a viable alternative for voters seeking to uphold Christian principles in the political arena.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890713_2_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890713.2.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616248000
6459,13,07,1989,"The Press Thursday, July 13, 1989. Olivier’s... (Press, 13 July 1989)","The news article published on 13 July 1989 reflects on the life and legacy of Sir Laurence Olivier, a towering figure in the world of theatre. Known for his exceptional talent, Olivier's contributions to stage and film are acknowledged through his remarkable ability to play and direct key Shakespearean roles, including Hamlet, Macbeth, and Othello, among others. Over the course of his career, he performed in 121 stage roles, featured in 58 films, and appeared in 15 television productions, leaving an indelible mark as both an actor and director. Olivier's work alongside contemporaries such as John Gielgud and Vivien Leigh helped to establish a dominant era for English-speaking theatre. His attempt to succeed in Hollywood, however, proved challenging; he later noted that his English theatrical style did not translate well on American screens. Nevertheless, his affinity for the stage led him back to London, where he played significant roles, including during his Old Vic tours to New Zealand and Australia in 1948, which stimulated local theatre and motivated the pursuit of a national theatre in New Zealand. These tours were pivotal in reviving professional theatre and establishing regional theatres in the country. In London, Olivier attempted to cultivate the actor-manager tradition at the St James Theatre, but this venture was unsuccessful. He later became the inaugural director of the National Theatre in 1963, a role that underscored his dedication to promoting theatre. His cinematic portrayal of Henry V is particularly noted for its powerful use of stage techniques, further solidifying his status as a great screen actor. The article highlights Olivier’s meticulous attention to detail and his commitment to realism in his roles. He revolutionised the way Shakespearean verse was performed by opting for a more natural delivery rather than the traditional contrived modulation. Critics initially noted this deviation, but it ultimately aligned with the emerging German school of acting that Olivier had been employing all along. Notably, his bold interpretations of characters added depth, breaking away from conventional portrayals. He provided complexities in roles typically depicted as strong or macho, such as Iago's latent desires for Othello. This willingness to explore the human side of characters created a renewed excitement for theatre audiences. In later years, health issues limited Olivier's capabilities, but he remained a dynamic force in the industry. His performances, whether as Henry V or as a washed-up entertainer, alongside his contributions as a director and theatre promoter, cement his legacy as a genius who earned both popular acclaim and the respect of critics. The article concludes that Olivier's remarkable versatility and dedication to theatre ensure his place in its history as an extraordinary artist.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890713_2_73.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890713.2.73,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616248000
6997,15,07,1989,"Bizarre Love Affair Makes West End Hit (Press, 15 July 1989)","On 15 July 1989, Glen Goei, a 26-year-old actor and aspiring accountant from Singapore, made headlines for his remarkable performance in the London theatre production of David Hwang's play ""M. Butterfly."" Sharing the stage with renowned actor Anthony Hopkins, Goei captivated audiences with his portrayal of Song Lilling, a seductive Chinese opera singer who becomes entwined in a complex espionage relationship with a French diplomat. The play, which is based on true events, tells the story of Bernard Boursicot and Shi Pei Pu, whose decades-long relationship led to a controversial espionage trial in the 1980s. The opening night of ""M. Butterfly"" was met with a standing ovation, and both Goei and Hopkins received rave reviews. Goei’s performance was lauded for its depth, allowing audiences to engage with the enigmatic character who blurs traditional gender roles. During the celebratory moments following the show, Hopkins humorously noted the abundance of flowers Goei received compared to himself, highlighting the younger actor's newfound fame. Goei, who had previously pursued an academic path in history at Cambridge, where he started studying in the same year as Prince Edward, expressed his enthusiasm for the role despite his discomfort in portraying a female character. He acknowledged that the tradition of men playing women's roles exists in Chinese opera, where it is believed that men can understand female emotions. Goei's commitment to the part involved full immersion from the rehearsal stage, and he embraced the challenge of performing in drag, asserting that he maintained a distinct separation from the character outside of performances. Growing up as the youngest of seven siblings in Singapore, Goei had initially planned a career in accountancy, securing a position with a London firm before pursuing a passion for theatre. His journey encountered challenges within the university drama scene, which he found to be exclusive, leading to only minor roles during his studies. However, he eventually gained acting experience through opportunities in Hong Kong film while awaiting his accountancy training. Despite the acclaim surrounding his current role, Goei remains grounded, recognising the transient nature of fame in the entertainment industry. He understands that roles of significant impact like Song Lilling may not come his way frequently and embraces the emotional complexities that accompany his journey as an actor. Overall, Goei's success in ""M. Butterfly"" marks a significant milestone in his burgeoning career, establishing him as a noteworthy talent in London's competitive theatre landscape.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890715_2_89_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890715.2.89.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616420800
6996,15,07,1989,"Home And People (Press, 15 July 1989)","“M Butterfly,” a play that premiered in London, explores the complex and true story of a two-decade-long relationship between a French diplomat and a Chinese transvestite. Since its release, the play has generated significant discussion and interest within the city. The narrative delves into themes of love, deception, and the cultural misunderstandings that arise from differing perspectives. The intense emotional dynamics between the characters are reflective of broader social issues, contributing to its prominence in theatrical circles. This production has not only captivated audiences but has also sparked conversations about gender identity and the nature of relationships in contemporary society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890715_2_89.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890715.2.89,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616420800
7150,17,07,1989,"New Party (Press, 17 July 1989)","In a letter to the editor published on 17 July 1989, Jason Roxburgh responds to an article regarding a new political party that promises a Christian alternative. Roxburgh critiques the party's ideologies, implying that their views may resonate with outdated attitudes reminiscent of the past, where traditional gender roles placed men as dominant figures and women in submissive roles focused on home-making. He questions the party's leader, Mr. J. Allen, regarding his disapproval of a feminist serving as the Opposition’s family spokesperson, highlighting the importance of women as essential members of families and society at large. While Roxburgh acknowledges some of the party's goals, such as advocating for increased police funding and the reduction of government debt, he expresses concern over any inclination to revert to historical views that would disenfranchise women and discriminate against the LGBTQ+ community. He argues that such a regression would be detrimental and counterproductive to societal evolution. Additionally, Roxburgh expresses curiosity about the party's stance on the Treaty of Waitangi, indicating that he believes understanding this aspect is vital for their political platform. In closing, he clarifies that he does not identify as either gay or female, reinforcing his point as a neutral observer rather than someone personally invested in these issues.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890717_2_88_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890717.2.88.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616593600
7492,18,07,1989,"A.I.D.S. On Campus? (Press, 18 July 1989)","Dr Tree Cocks, a health doctor at Otago University, has expressed concern that it is only a matter of time before the university reports its first case of A.I.D.S. She highlighted that many primary health-care physicians share this belief. The Otago University Student Health Centre is currently witnessing a consistent number of sexually transmitted diseases among students, alongside an ongoing distribution of morning-after pills. This trend suggests that students are not engaging in safe sex practices. Despite awareness of the risks associated with unprotected sex, including the potential for A.I.D.S., students continue to participate in such behaviour. Dr Cocks noted the challenge of making condom use appealing to young people, stating, “It’s very difficult to make condoms cool.”",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890718_2_113_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890718.2.113.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616680000
6460,18,07,1989,"Amp Questions On Sex ‘discriminatory’ (Press, 18 July 1989)","On 18 July 1989, Mr. Warren Lindberg, the director of the A.I.D.S. Foundation, publicly accused the AMP Society, a life insurance company, of discriminating against gay men through its insurance application process. This came in response to reports that the company had refused life insurance to certain individuals, labelling them as high-risk due to their sexual practices, particularly targeting promiscuous homosexual men. Lindberg argued that the broad questions about sexual preferences in the AMP questionnaire were both unfair and unnecessary. He specifically called out the policy of asking applicants whether they have sexual relations with other men, asserting that this line of questioning was irrelevant. Instead, he proposed a more precise question: “Do you have male-to-male anal sex?” Lindberg pointed out that it is only anal sex that is associated with a higher risk of contracting A.I.D.S. In his view, the frequency of sexual partners should not be a determiner for risk if those individuals are practising safe sex. Furthermore, Lindberg raised concerns about the extent of medical information that AMP was requesting from life insurance applicants. He noted that AMP was demanding broader permission to seek medical details compared to other insurance companies, suggesting that applicants might not fully understand that by signing consent forms, they were allowing AMP to inquire about any aspect of their medical history—from their doctors—whether or not it was medically relevant. He highlighted that the Life Offices Association’s new code of practice discourages such inquiries about male-to-male sexual activity, favouring a specific question focused on anal sex instead. As a notable precedent, it was reported that AMP had turned down approximately 50 applicants based on perceived lifestyle choices and the associated risk of A.I.D.S. Furthermore, since the previous year, AMP had instituted a requirement for applicants seeking life insurance of $250,000 or more to sign a declaration agreeing to undergo an H.I.V. test. Lindberg's comments indicate a critical stance against the insurance industry's approach to assessing risk related to sexual orientation and practices, aiming for a more equitable treatment of all applicants regardless of their sexual identity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890718_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890718.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616680000
6461,20,07,1989,"Briefs (Press, 20 July 1989)","On 20 July 1989, various international news stories highlighted ongoing political, social, and environmental issues across different countries. In Argentina, the newly appointed Minister of Economy, Nestor Rapanelli, faced allegations of fraud and smuggling from Venezuela, where a judge indicated he was wanted on such charges. Rapanelli, however, dismissed the claims stating that the investigation was closed. He had just taken office a week prior. In El Salvador, military forces escalated control over the national university, which is seen as a hub for leftist support, following a violent incident where soldiers opened fire on protesting students. The clash resulted in at least nine injuries and marked the first significant conflict between students and the military since President Alfredo Cristiani assumed office. A British Conservative Party member urged the UK government to suspend aid to Malaysia in response to the Malaysian decision to reject clemency for a Briton, Derrick Gregory, sentenced to death for drug smuggling. Gregory was apprehended in 1982 with a significant amount of heroin, leading to his conviction in 1987. In India, monsoon floods devastated eastern regions, claiming over 80 lives and isolating countless residents as rivers overflowed. In the Andhra Pradesh region, 72 fatalities were reported due to the heavy rainfall, with most drowning or being struck by lightning. In the UK, a strike among dock workers showed signs of weakening, while a one-day strike paralyzed the state-owned rail network for the fifth time in five weeks. Port employers noted that approximately a fifth of the striking dock workers had returned to work. US Navy investigators concluded that the explosion on the USS Iowa, which killed 47 sailors, was a result of sabotage by a sailor, dismissing mechanical faults or accidental detonations as causes. Investigators pointed to a compelling circumstantial case against gunner's mate Clayton Hartwig, suggesting he committed suicide in the explosion. Exxon Corporation reported that the catastrophic oil spill by the Exxon Valdez was due to the ship's manoeuvring to avoid ice, not due to the captain's alleged intoxication, countering prior conclusions about the incident that took place in March in Alaska. President George Bush expressed displeasure towards prominent Republican critics of Vice-President Dan Quayle, stating that their remarks were ""personally offensive"" and defended Quayle during a press interaction. In cultural news, an unabridged French translation of Salman Rushdie’s contentious book ""The Satanic Verses"" was slated for release, despite previous delays prompted by outrage from Muslim communities regarding the book’s perceived blasphemy. Tragically, in South Africa, police mistakenly shot three young children during a high-speed chase through Soweto, leaving one critically injured. Additionally, recovery efforts continued for victims of a ferry accident in Bangladesh, where 13 bodies had been found over a week after the tragedy, with 47 individuals still missing. The ferry capsized amidst a storm, carrying holidaying passengers just before a major festival.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890720_2_72_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890720.2.72.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616852800
7334,20,07,1989,"Union Man Appointed To P.s.i. (Press, 20 July 1989)","On 20 July 1989, it was announced that Mike Waghorne, a senior researcher from the Public Service Association’s national office in Wellington, has been appointed to represent 1.5 million members on the European-based organisation Public Services International (P.S.I.). This appointment marks a significant achievement, as Waghorne is the first official from New Zealand or Australia to represent the Asia and South Pacific region within the organisation. In his new role, he will advocate for public service unions across a vast area, encompassing Turkey to the east, extending through Asia, and including Western Samoa and the Cook Islands. Public Services International is one of the largest trade union secretariats globally, representing around 11 million members from various public service unions. The organisation has a rich history, having been established 75 years prior, and is headquartered in Ferney-Voltaire, located on the French-Swiss border. Waghorne’s appointment is significant not only for the Public Service Association but also for the representation of public service unions within the Asia-Pacific region at an international level.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890720_2_130_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890720.2.130.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,616852800
7055,22,07,1989,"Sex Change Normality (Press, 22 July 1989)","The article ""Natives"" by Andrew Jeffs, published on 22 July 1989, explores the unique characteristics and behaviour of the spotted-black grouper, a remarkable species of fish known for its ability to change sex and colour. The spotted-black grouper typically starts life as a female and transitions to a male upon reaching about one metre in length. These fish can grow to impressive sizes, with lengths up to 1.5 metres and weights exceeding 45 kilograms. Remarkably, individuals of this size may be over 100 years old. The spotted-black grouper has a distinctive appearance, generally exhibiting a dark green-black colour adorned with white-yellow spots. This colour can change rapidly to green-brown with prominent pale stripes when the fish feels threatened or frightened. Despite their size and potential danger, these fish are described as timid, often displaying trusting behaviour towards human divers who may encounter them. Spotted-black groupers typically inhabit shallow waters on rocky reefs, spending their days hidden in large rocky crevices or caves. They may share these hiding places with other reef fish or even crayfish. As predators, they primarily hunt small fish and crabs, showcasing their lurking hunting strategy. Geographically, the spotted-black grouper is found throughout the Pacific region, but in New Zealand, they are primarily located along the warmer waters of the northern coast. Unfortunately, very little is known about these fish due to the significant reduction in their populations in many parts of the world, largely attributed to limited fishing practices. Thankfully, a remaining population is thought to survive at the Kermadec Islands, located approximately 1000 kilometres north-east of Auckland. The remoteness of these islands has helped protect them from fishing, allowing this unique species a chance at survival.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890722_2_103_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890722.2.103.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,617025600
6462,29,07,1989,"Partners Law Stymied (Press, 29 July 1989)","Conservative religious groups in San Francisco have reportedly gathered enough signatures for a legal petition aimed at blocking a newly adopted domestic partners law until voters can decide its fate in a November 1990 election. The city ordinance, which was unanimously approved by the Board of Supervisors in June 1989, permits the registration of both homosexual and heterosexual unmarried couples at city hall, granting them specific rights previously reserved for married couples. The petition campaign has been spearheaded by Rev. Charles Mcllhenny, a pastor of a small offshoot of the Presbyterian Church, and Rabbi Lionel Feldman, who does not lead a congregation. The initiative is associated with several conservative organisations in San Francisco, including anti-abortion activists and a national group opposed to expanding women's rights through constitutional amendments. The petition reportedly contains 27,000 signatures, with a requirement that at least 18,800 of these must be validated for the issue to appear on the ballot. In the meantime, the Board of Supervisors has placed the new law on hold while the matter is resolved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890729_2_102.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890729.2.102,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,617630400
6463,31,07,1989,"N.Z. Told Of Aust, Spy Network 13 Years Later (Press, 31 July 1989)","A new book by Australian journalists Brian Toohey and William Pinwill claims that New Zealand was not officially informed about the existence of the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) until 1965, 13 years after its establishment in 1952. The revelations are detailed in their book ""Oyster: The Story of the Asis,"" recently launched in Melbourne. The book portrays ASIS unfavourably, highlighting its lack of awareness regarding pivotal Asian events such as Singapore's separation from Malaysia in 1965, the communist victories in Vietnam and Cambodia, and the 1986 ""People’s Power"" revolution in the Philippines. The authors assert that New Zealand's Prime Minister at the time, Sir Keith Holyoake, was informed of ASIS only during a briefing with a senior New Zealand intelligence official, which alarmed Australian officials. The book notes that ASIS operated on a strict ""need to know"" protocol, limiting knowledge of its existence to avoid unauthorized disclosures to political leaders. This secrecy persisted even though New Zealand had close intelligence ties with the United States, British, and Southeast Asian agencies. In 1968, the New Zealand Government permitted its citizens to be recruited as ASIS agents, provided that any potential risks to New Zealand's reputation from these individuals being compromised were assessed. The arrangement meant that while the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) had ceased providing intelligence to New Zealand due to the country’s anti-nuclear stance, the CIA still received intelligence from ASIS, which could include information gathered by New Zealanders. Additionally, the book makes several other notable claims including that a bank with ties to the CIA opened offices in New Zealand shortly before the Labour Party, known for its anti-nuclear policies, came into power in 1984. The bank, Bishop, Baldwin, Rewald Dillingham and Wong, later faced scandal and collapse. Further allegations include that Australian spies operated in Asia under a public relations firm's cover in the late 1960s through the early 1970s, an ASIS officer was compromised by Indonesian intelligence in the 1980s, and ASIS attempted to support a failed separatist movement in Irian Jaya with a poorly executed operation. The book also claims that an ASIS officer had procured prostitutes for visiting Australian politicians, over A$3 million was spent annually on bribing foreign contacts, and a training exercise at the Melbourne Sheraton Hotel in 1983 resulted in a chaotic incident where trainees mistakenly terrorised hotel staff. Overall, ""Oyster: The Story of the Asis"" provides a critical examination of the Australian intelligence agency and its operations, revealing significant concerns regarding its effectiveness and internal management.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890731_2_94.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890731.2.94,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,617803200
7459,02,08,1989,"A.I.D.S. Battlers Fear Fall-out From Detention (Press, 2 August 1989)","On 1 August 1989, the AIDS Council of New South Wales called for a revision of the Public Health Act following the detention of a prostitute known as Charlene, who was carrying the HIV virus. Bill Whittaker, the council’s executive director, argued that the current legislation was antiquated, with provisions that could ultimately drive the epidemic underground due to fear and mistrust. Charlene was detained in a Sydney hospital for medical and psychiatric assessment under a section of the 86-year-old Public Health Act, which was originally intended for containing tuberculosis. This law had never been previously invoked concerning HIV or AIDS cases. Dr. Morey, a health official, stated that Charlene's detention was seen as a last-resort measure, after all alternatives—including intensive counselling—had been exhausted. Whittaker highlighted the flaws of the outdated legislation, arguing it discouraged individuals from seeking AIDS testing or education. He suggested that reforms should mandate a court order for detention actions, limit the duration of such detentions, and introduce an appeals process. While Dr. Morey acknowledged that unprecedented actions like this might deter others from undergoing AIDS testing, she insisted it was necessary to prevent further disease transmission, stressing that the decision was not taken lightly. The Prostitutes' Rights Organisation (PRO) condemned the action, labelling it blatant victimisation. They expressed concern that such measures could threaten sex workers' willingness to cooperate with health authorities. A PRO spokesperson pointed out that Charlene had not consistently placed her clients at risk, implying that her behaviour had improved significantly during the period in question. Despite the complexities surrounding the case, Dr. Morey noted that the situation illustrated the urgent need for legislative reforms to address the legal and health system's approach to HIV and AIDS. The incident has highlighted the tensions between public health measures and individual rights, underlining the necessity for a more nuanced approach to such sensitive matters.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890802_2_83_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890802.2.83.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,617976000
7228,02,08,1989,"Drug Testing 'by-passed’ (Press, 2 August 1989)","On 2 August 1989, Professor Peter McDonald from Adelaide’s Flinders Medical Centre expressed concerns about the impact of community pressure on the evaluation of drugs designed to combat A.I.D.S. He highlighted zidovudine (AZT), a widely used medication for A.I.D.S. patients, as a case where normal scientific scrutiny was largely bypassed. Professor McDonald noted that only one legitimate placebo-controlled trial had been conducted in the United States for AZT; however, this trial was halted after 24 weeks due to societal demands for the drug's availability. In a placebo test, participants unknowingly receive either the drug or a neutral substance, allowing researchers to evaluate its effectiveness. Professor McDonald pointed out that while AZT demonstrated efficacy during the initial six months of treatment, further investigations revealed a significant risk of toxic side effects that could potentially lead to patient fatalities. Moreover, its use contributed to the A.I.D.S. virus developing increased resistance to the medication. The pressure from the community for immediate access to AZT affected the willingness of A.I.D.S. patients to participate in further placebo tests, as individuals naturally prefer not to risk receiving a placebo instead of an established treatment. Although AZT remains a good drug, Professor McDonald underscored the importance of conducting thorough evaluations to ensure its safety and long-term effectiveness. He voiced his concerns during a national microbiology conference in Adelaide, where he addressed the influences of social and governmental factors on research practices.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890802_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890802.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,617976000
6998,04,08,1989,"The Motley Variety Of Humanity (Press, 4 August 1989)","On 4 August 1989, a review highlighted the documentary ""The Night Workers,"" directed by Dave Gibson, which aired on Wednesday evening at 10. The film offered a deep look into the complex community of Wellington's red light district, particularly focusing on Vivian Street. Despite its entertainment aspects, the documentary stood out for its authentic portrayal of the diverse individuals inhabiting that space and the trust they placed in Gibson as a filmmaker. Gibson skillfully navigated the balancing act between voyeurism and moral judgement, allowing his subjects to express their perspectives. This approach prevented easy stereotypes from forming about the local characters. The documentary showcased a range of narratives, with strippers reflecting on their disappointments in previous employment and sharing insights into the business ethics and challenges they faced in their current roles. The film featured various personalities, such as Chris Whitoka, who spoke about the struggles related to liquor licensing and provided a welcoming space for the homosexual community in her coffee shop. The owner of Tiffany’s strip club presented his establishment as a provider of quality service to seasoned businessmen, portraying the work as not overtly sexual but rather an exercise in traditional entertainment. The strippers themselves exhibited conflicting sentiments, embracing their roles while simultaneously acknowledging the distinction between their performances and “real” life. Sapphire Lane, a newcomer, raised questions about her personal experiences outside the nightclub setting, hinting at the complexities of public perception following her appearance on television. The documentary also touched upon the impact of the AIDS crisis, as transsexual workers candidly discussed the initial downturn in business due to fear and uncertainty. However, they reported an increase in client awareness regarding safe practices, with the use of condoms now normalized. The tougher working conditions were reflected in a humorous time-lapse depicting the endeavours of transvestite pairs as they interacted with potential clients amidst the challenges presented by the Wellington climate. Gibson also captured the dynamic between the street workers and the Wellington vice squad, characterised by an apparent camaraderie despite the obvious “us-versus-them” mentality, given the squad's Auckland origins. The documentary was not only about the workers but also the clientele who frequented the district, suggesting that some may have been surprised to see themselves featured in such a candid and revealing documentary, especially in the aftermath of the mainstream 9.30 news. Overall, ""The Night Workers"" emerged as an insightful portrayal of a unique subculture within Wellington, engaging viewers with its depth and honesty.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890804_2_85_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890804.2.85.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618148800
6542,05,08,1989,"A.ld.s. Carrier Still Sought (Press, 5 August 1989)","On 5 August 1989, Tania Spence, a 22-year-old transsexual prostitute in Sydney, publicly admitted to continuing her profession despite being diagnosed with A.I.D.S. during an appearance on the Channel 9 programme ""A Current Affair."" This marked her as the second woman in the city to come forward about working while infected with the disease. Spence revealed that she has had sexual relations with thousands of men since she contracted A.I.D.S. four years ago while incarcerated at Long Bay Jail. Although she urged her clients to use condoms, she did not inform them of her infection due to concerns that they would choose not to hire her. Despite stating her willingness to engage with health authorities for treatment, a spokesman for New South Wales Health Minister Peter Collins indicated that Ms Spence had not yet reached out to any health officials. The Health Department, he noted, had only received confirmation from the television programme that she planned to seek help. Minister Collins called for assistance from both the media and the public to identify other A.I.D.S or H.I.V. infected individuals who could be working as prostitutes. The situation had been further complicated by the recent case of another sex worker known as Charlene, who was detained under the Public Health Act after openly disclosing her H.I.V. positive status while continuing her work without insisting clients wear condoms. Collins pointed out that the cases of Charlene and Spence were different, asserting that there were no immediate plans to detain Ms Spence under the Public Health Act. He highlighted that there had been no confirmation regarding her continued work as a prostitute since her release from Prince Henry Hospital just a week prior. Minister Collins also noted the implications of these cases for public health policy, suggesting that they underscore the need for a review of the Public Health Act. Meanwhile, a spokeswoman from ""A Current Affair"" disclosed that they had not heard from Tania since her last appearance on the show and were unsure of her whereabouts. She reiterated that there was an agreement for Ms Spence to turn herself in to health authorities that day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890805_2_74_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890805.2.74.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618235200
6464,05,08,1989,"New Party (Press, 5 August 1989)","In a letter to the editor published on 5 August 1989, David Shanks critiques claims made by John D. Canham regarding the policies of the Christian Heritage Party. Canham argues that the party promotes Christian values that benefit the majority of New Zealanders, mentioning a commitment to ""adequate police protection."" However, Shanks points out that Canham fails to elaborate on the party's more controversial policies, which include opposition to abortion, the United Nations Covenant on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, and the Homosexual Law Reform Act. He questions how these positions align with the interests of the majority of New Zealanders, expressing skepticism about the party's overall agenda.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890805_2_124_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890805.2.124.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618235200
6465,05,08,1989,"S.i.s.—first-rate Job (Press, 5 August 1989)","Richard Deacon's ""Spydopaedia,"" published in 1989, is described as a comprehensive handbook on espionage that explores the topic from various angles. The book delves into the histories of intelligence agencies around the world, profiles notable figures in the field of espionage, and includes a glossary of terms commonly associated with spying. It aims to provide readers with a broad understanding of espionage, drawing connections between historical figures and the world of spies. The review by Robert Edwards notes that the book features intriguing yet sometimes trivial information, such as the surprising fact that many historical personalities, including Benjamin Franklin and Alexander the Great, were involved in espionage in some form. New Zealand is mentioned specifically in reference to the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service (N.Z.S.I.S.) and the infamous sinking of the Rainbow Warrior. The review highlights that the N.Z.S.I.S. performs exceptionally in counterintelligence, successfully identifying French agents operating within New Zealand. However, the book is critiqued for inaccuracies and inconsistencies, particularly regarding the Australian intelligence agency, which is referred to by multiple names, leading to potential confusion. Edwards suggests that these errors might stem from poor editing, raising questions about the reliability of the rest of the content. Alongside the more serious aspects of espionage, ""Spydopaedia"" includes entertaining anecdotes, such as the story of Captain Vasiliy Gerson, who disguised himself as a nun to spy on German forces during World War I. Another amusing account involves Sir Mansfield Cummings, head of MI6, who allegedly frightened his staff by racing through the office on a child's scooter due to the sound of his wooden leg. The glossary at the book's conclusion provides quirky definitions of spy-related terms, illustrating the language and jargon used within espionage circles. For instance, a “shoe” refers to a false passport, “biographic leverage” is defined as CIA jargon for blackmail, and the term “taxi” is presented in a decidedly humorous light, relating to compromising members of the opposition in a vulnerable manner. Overall, while ""Spydopaedia"" offers a mix of fascinating insights and historical context regarding the world of espionage, it suffers from factual inaccuracies and editing issues that detract from its credibility. The book balances informative content with light-hearted anecdotes, aiming to engage a diverse readership interested in the complex world of spies and intelligence.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890805_2_127_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890805.2.127.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618235200
6839,08,08,1989,"Monroe Author Flees (Press, 8 August 1989)","On 8 August 1989, Ted Jordan, a man in his 60s who wrote a book about his former lover and friend, Marilyn Monroe, made an unexpected return to the United States on the anniversary of her death. After spending only eight hours in New Zealand, Jordan boarded a flight at Auckland Airport headed for Los Angeles, just before starting a publicity tour for his book, titled ""Norma Jean, a Hollywood Love Story."" Catriona McEwan, a publicist for the book’s Auckland publisher, Sidgwick and Jackson, expressed her shock and concern upon discovering that Jordan had not checked into his hotel as planned. He had instead left a message stating he was returning to Los Angeles due to illness. McEwan described Jordan as a ""very sad old man"" who seemed to be living in the past. She noted that while his publicity tour in Australia had been successful, he faced significant criticism in England for the candidness of his book about Monroe. The book is intended to set the record straight regarding Monroe's life and their relationship. ""Norma Jean, a Hollywood Love Story"" explores their friendship during their teenage years, their romantic involvement, her complicated relationships, including a lesbian affair with Jordan’s wife, her struggles with addiction, her tumultuous marriages, and ultimately, her tragic death. McEwan believed that the significance of the anniversary weighed heavily on Jordan's mind as he made his hasty departure. She remarked that Jordan's feelings for Monroe remained strong, indicating that he still deeply loved her despite the years that had passed since her death.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890808_2_25.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890808.2.25,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618494400
7575,09,08,1989,"A.i.d.s. Booklet Out (Press, 9 August 1989)","On 9 August 1989, the Employers' Federation introduced a new booklet aimed at assisting employers in addressing fear and misconceptions regarding A.I.D.S. in the workplace. During the launch event held at Parliament, Associate Minister of Health, Dr Cullen, emphasised that the fear surrounding A.I.D.S. poses a more significant danger to the workplace environment than the A.I.D.S. virus itself. The booklet serves as a resource for businesses, encouraging them to implement educational programmes and policies related to H.I.V. and A.I.D.S. This proactive approach is designed to mitigate potential concerns about the virus as it may arise in workplace settings.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890809_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890809.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618580800
6466,09,08,1989,"Victim Repeatedly Bashed—witness (Press, 9 August 1989)","Raymond David Brown, 30, is currently on trial in the High Court facing charges of assaulting Gary Leonard Wildermoth with intent to cause grievous bodily harm. The incident took place during the early hours of Sunday, 23 April 1989, at a party located at 158 Halswell Road. A witness, Suzanne Marie Ormandy, provided critical testimony, describing how Brown kicked Wildermoth in the head with steel-capped boots, knocking him unconscious. During the assault, while Wildermoth was incapacitated, someone cut part of his hair and wrote derogatory messages and symbols on his body, including ""I’m Gay"" and a swastika on his forehead, and “I’m Dead” on his back and stomach. After this, Brown further attacked Wildermoth by banging his head against a wooden fence. The prosecution outlined that Wildermoth, who was drinking and playing pool at the bar prior to the assault, suffered serious injuries including head trauma, a broken jaw, and several other injuries that required a two-week hospital stay. Wildermoth, 22, testified that he attended the party with Ormandy after a day of drinking at local venues. He recalled playing pool but had no recollection of the moments leading to his attack until waking up in a hospital bed. His injuries have impacted his balance and mobility. In her testimony, Miss Ormandy recounted the atmosphere of the party, which included a mainly male guest list, with little interaction between the attendees. She witnessed Brown kick Wildermoth and described the moment as horrifying and surreal. After Brown allegedly threatened to harm Wildermoth further with an axe, he continued the assault outside by banging Wildermoth's head against the fence. When Miss Ormandy's friend arrived to pick them up, they found Wildermoth in a dire state, unconscious and bleeding. An ambulance was called, and he was taken to the hospital, with Miss Ormandy expressing disbelief at the severity of the attack. Cross-examination revealed that she had been drinking but maintained she was not drunk. The trial, which commenced with evidence from the prosecution, is expected to conclude today, with Brown denying all charges against him.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890809_2_106_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890809.2.106.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618580800
6467,12,08,1989,"Briefs (Press, 12 August 1989)","On 12 August 1989, various notable news events were reported, highlighting a mixture of quirky stories and serious legal decisions across different regions. In the United States, the savings-and-loan crisis has led the federal government to take control of numerous failing small banks and their assets. This unusual turn of events has resulted in taxpayers now reportedly owning an assortment of unexpected assets, including racehorses, McDonald's franchises, a bordello in Nevada, a significant share of the Dallas Cowboys, and a nitrogen-cooled tank containing vials of buffalo semen. Meanwhile, a landmark ruling from New York State's highest court has provided a win for gay couples. The Court of Appeals issued a 4-2 decision allowing a partner in a long-standing homosexual relationship to inherit the couple's rent-controlled apartment after the death of the leaseholder. The court's ruling asserts that the term ""family members"" should encompass adults demonstrating long-term financial and emotional commitment to one another, broadening the definition beyond conventional family structures. Across the Atlantic, a light-hearted incident involving the Queen occurred during her visit to the Isle of Man. After a gust of wind blew a woman's stylish pink hat into the sea, the Queen initiated a royal rescue mission. Sue Peers, the wife of the Douglas Town Clerk, was present when the hat was blown away. The Queen assured Peers that it would be retrieved, and a naval rating aboard the royal barge successfully fished it out using a boathook. In a significant move for Vanuatu, the Council of Ministers has tentatively approved the nationalisation of the country’s two domestic airlines, altering the landscape of aviation in the Pacific nation. In South Korea, the Supreme Court made a controversial ruling affirming that a woman acted in self-defence when she bit off the tongue of a man attempting to rape her. Previously given a six-month suspended sentence by a lower court, Pyon Wol-Soo’s actions were now deemed justifiable under the circumstances. In Bavaria, Germany, a chaotic scene unfolded as police, firefighters, and veterinarians pursued approximately 100 piglets that fled following a truck accident. The truck, carrying the piglets, had overturned, resulting in the tragic death of another 500 animals, while the driver and his companion sustained injuries. In Uganda, a grim report surfaced regarding a tragic incident where at least 10 people died after consuming hippopotami meat from animals found dead in a lake. It was suspected that the hippos had been poisoned, sparking a public health concern. Lastly, a remarkable rescue operation was undertaken by the Royal Navy for a pregnant cow named Tinkerbelle. After the cow fell 55 metres down a cliff while trying to access greener grass, she was safely lifted back to her field by a Navy helicopter, sustaining only minor injuries. These stories reflect a blend of societal issues, legal advancements, and unusual incidents both uplifting and sobering.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890812_2_95_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890812.2.95.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,618840000
6840,14,08,1989,"Monroe Author Tells Of Love Affair With Actress (Press, 14 August 1989)","On 14 August 1989, actor Ted Jordan discussed his complex relationship with Marilyn Monroe while promoting his book titled ""Norma Jean, a Hollywood Love Story."" Although he expressed no regrets about writing the book, he stated that he sometimes regretted meeting Monroe. Speaking from Los Angeles, he described the writing process as challenging due to the deeply personal nature of their story, yet felt it was necessary to reveal aspects of their early teenage friendship, love affair, and the tumultuous events that followed, including her struggles with addiction and her eventual death. Jordan reflected on Monroe's unhappiness and lamented the time he spent with her, suggesting that she was often a victim of Hollywood's ruthless nature. He asserted that the enduring fascination with Monroe can be attributed to the publicity surrounding her life and tragic fate. He refuted conspiracy theories regarding her death, asserting that two conversations he had with her on the night she died indicated she was inebriated and overwhelmed by her circumstances. He suggested that as her popularity waned, Monroe became increasingly desperate, asserting that she likely attempted to reach out for help too late. Jordan characterised Monroe as a ""typical Gemini,"" acknowledging her multifaceted personality. He noted her early life challenges that contributed to her insecurity and labelled her ambitions as ruthless, indicating that she would use relationships strategically to further her career. He remarked that Monroe was not a great actress but possessed a certain charm and physical appeal that captivated many. Reflecting on their teenage years together, Jordan described Monroe as ""cute and adorable,"" but also capable of being difficult. He commented on the paradox of her longing for love while struggling to accept it. Even years later, he admitted that thoughts of Monroe still lingered in his mind and that the memories are bittersweet. Overall, Jordan's reflections provided a candid and nuanced look at his connection with the iconic actress, revealing both admiration and frustration.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890814_2_129.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890814.2.129,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619012800
7411,16,08,1989,"Most Would Work With A.I.D.S. Victim (Press, 16 August 1989)","A recent McNair survey conducted for the Health Department’s A.I.D.S. task force reveals that 51 per cent of New Zealanders surveyed are open to working alongside someone who has A.I.D.S. Only 17 per cent were opposed to this idea, while the remainder were undecided. The survey was designed to gauge public attitudes across different regions, including a provincial city, a provincial town, and a rural area, providing a comprehensive view of opinions nationwide. Mrs Lorraine Kerse, a member of the A.I.D.S. task force, highlighted that female respondents were more supportive of working with A.I.D.S. sufferers compared to their male counterparts. The overall findings of the survey were largely positive, showing that with adequate education and clear company policies, workplace prejudice against individuals with A.I.D.S. would be minimal. Kerse noted a noticeable decrease in misconceptions regarding A.I.D.S. transmission, with fewer people believing that the virus could be contracted through kissing or sharing utensils. Among the respondents, 51 per cent expressed willingness to participate in support groups for colleagues with A.I.D.S., and nearly 55 per cent felt that individuals with A.I.D.S. should receive community care instead of hospitalisation, provided that was their preference. The survey revealed that general knowledge about HIV transmission is relatively high, with 98 per cent of respondents acknowledging that the risk of contracting HIV can be reduced by limiting sexual partners, using condoms, and avoiding the sharing of needles. However, Mrs Kerse noted that it remains unclear how this knowledge translates to actual behaviour, prompting the department to plan a more extensive population-based survey to explore this aspect further. In response to these findings, the Employers' Federation is set to release a guidebook for employers detailing strategies on how to effectively manage A.I.D.S. issues in the workplace, underlining the importance of informed and supportive work environments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890816_2_74_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890816.2.74.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619185600
7493,16,08,1989,"Two Seized Sex Manuals Passed (Press, 16 August 1989)","On 16 August 1989, the Indecent Publications Tribunal in New Zealand evaluated two sex manuals that had been seized by Customs earlier that year. The manuals, titled ""A Young Woman’s Guide to Sex"" and ""A Young Man’s Guide to Sex,"" were deemed ""well written and informative"" by Judge Kearney. The judge noted that these publications contained valuable information relevant to sexual relationships, contraception, sexually transmitted diseases, A.I.D.S., and safe sex practices. As a result of the contraceptive advice included in the manuals, the tribunal decided to restrict their sale to individuals aged 16 and over. This decision reflects a recognition of the manuals' potential positive contribution to public understanding of sexual health and relationships. In addition to these manuals, the tribunal assessed 13 other publications, disguised as novels, and found them to be unconditionally indecent. Overall, the tribunal's rulings illustrate a nuanced approach to the regulation of sexual education materials in New Zealand during this period.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890816_2_78_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890816.2.78.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619185600
7576,17,08,1989,"Breakthrough On A.i.d.s. —scientists (Press, 17 August 1989)","On 17 August 1989, researchers from the United States National Cancer Institute announced a significant discovery regarding the A.I.D.S. virus. A research team identified a class of chemicals found in common algae that exhibited strong anti-H.I.V. (the virus responsible for A.I.D.S.) properties during laboratory tests. This group of compounds, known as sulfonic-acid-containing glycolipids, consists of fatty acid sugar derivatives and is derived from a type of blue-green algae which can be located in various environments, including seawater, freshwater, and moist soil regions worldwide. Dr Michael Boyd, the chief of the research team, expressed enthusiasm about the findings. He indicated that the anti-H.I.V. effects observed from these chemical compounds were surprising since they had not previously been associated with such properties. The researchers are currently working to either synthesise sufficient quantities of these glycolipids or extract them from the algae for further investigation into their effectiveness against A.I.D.S. As of now, the scientists have not managed to extract enough of the chemical for testing in animal models, and it remains uncertain when human trials could commence. Dr Boyd highlighted the importance of this discovery and the team's desire to continue researching the potential of these compounds in combating the A.I.D.S. virus. The research offers hope for new avenues in the search for effective treatments against this significant health challenge.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890817_2_71_5.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890817.2.71.5,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619272000
6841,19,08,1989,"Bubble Bursts For Danish Pornography (Press, 19 August 1989)","Two decades after Copenhagen became known as the sex capital of Europe, the local pornography industry is experiencing a significant decline. This notable shift comes in the wake of Denmark's 1969 parliamentary decision to lift restrictions on adult films and explicit magazines. The 20th anniversary of this decision has passed largely unnoticed, reflecting a broader change in public sentiment. Initially, the removal of these restrictions ushered in an era of sexual liberalism that attracted international attention and tourism, even drawing the disapproval of the Vatican. In the first year alone, Denmark saw the sale of three million pornographic books in a population of just five million. The once-bustling sex shops and adult cinemas that proliferated throughout Copenhagen are now largely forced into obscurity, with many relocating to less visible areas, particularly the Istedgade red-light district. Currently, only one X-rated cinema remains in the city, overshadowed by the existence of over 100 conventional cinemas. A local shop owner noted a shift in consumer behaviour; while still catering to a few foreign customers who are willing to pay a premium, locals have become more reserved in their purchasing habits, opting for private video viewings rather than public escapades. Although some experts like psychologist Berl Kutchinsky maintain that the legalisation of pornography is a necessary rebellion against conservative sexual morals, the mood has shifted. Public complaints have risen, especially regarding adult performances that cross ethical lines, leading to stricter regulations that target these exploitative shows. Inspector Tove Nielsen has highlighted concerning links between violent pornography and real-life crime, noting that rapists have begun to mimic the explicit material they consume. Her calls for action reflect a growing awareness of potential societal harms associated with the industry. In contrast, most politicians have chosen to remain neutral, fearing that any resurgence of prohibition would merely push the industry underground. Knud Thestrup, who served as Justice Minister during the initial law change, predicted a decline in the demand for such entertainment, which has proven prescient. The cultural landscape of Copenhagen has shifted, with visitors occasionally inquiring about the once-vibrant sex shops in Stroeget only to find they have been replaced by more conventional establishments. The tourism industry's curious requests now more frequently lead to suggestions of Amsterdam as a substitute destination for adult entertainment. The story depicts a decline of an era, capturing the shift from acceptance to reticence regarding the pornography industry in Denmark. The liberal attitudes of the late 1960s have shifted, as both the public and authorities navigate the complexities of freedom and responsibility in the realm of sexual expression.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890819_2_135_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890819.2.135.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619444800
6468,19,08,1989,"The Varied Worlds Of Hugh Dalton (Press, 19 August 1989)","Hugh Dalton, a significant figure in British history, served as the most socialist Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1945 to 1947. At a time when New Zealand grappled with its economic direction, examining Dalton's life and contributions became particularly relevant. Despite the immense challenges of massive defence commitments, balance of payment issues, and substantial debts during his tenure, Dalton endeavoured to tackle unemployment, improve child welfare, and redistribute wealth. Dalton's approach included imposing steep death duties and high personal tax rates on the wealthy, ultimately earning their disdain. His policies aimed at economic expansion through cheap money, which garnered support from prominent figures such as Maynard Keynes, the Bank of England, and the Treasury. Conversely, economists of the day, who generally endorsed full employment, opposed his push for socialist redistribution, fearing potential threats to property rights. Born to a privileged background, Dalton cultivated a strong distaste for the wealthy throughout his career, which began in the 1920s. His education at Eton and King's College Cambridge revealed a societal divide that influenced his ambition. He depicted himself as a modern-day Robin Hood, fiercely advocating for wealth redistribution and providing support to many eminent economists and politicians. Dalton held diverse roles beyond politics, including that of a mathematician, barrister, and military officer. He was instrumental in the war effort against Nazi Germany, taking up a position in Churchill’s Special Operations Executive in 1940, which focused on undermining the Nazis across Europe. Ben Pimlott’s biography of Dalton, featuring extensive analysis, illustrations, and photographs, provides a comprehensive look at the man and his era. It delves into Dalton's complex character, exploring both his political strategies and personal life, including insights into the homosexual community at Cambridge, which Dalton partially belonged to. Pimlott's work is praised for its critical examination of the period and Dalton's multifaceted role within it, making it an excellent resource for those interested in politics, economics, and history alike. Overall, it stands out as one of the finest political biographies available.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890819_2_121_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890819.2.121.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619444800
7229,21,08,1989,"London Rises On Wellcome News (Press, 21 August 1989)","On 21 August 1989, share prices in London remained steady during a quiet trading session following a recovery in Wall Street from earlier declines, which were caused by losses in Treasury bonds. The UK drug company Wellcome was a significant driver of market strength, with its share price rising by 154 pence to 663 pence after a US survey indicated that its AZT drug for AIDS could delay disease progression in asymptomatic patients. By the afternoon, the FTSE index had increased by 12.5 points to 2372.5. In the previous trading day, shares had decreased as Wall Street continued to experience losses after an initial positive response to a smaller-than-expected trade gap in the US for June. Notably, Cable and Wireless saw a gain of 12 pence to 584 after revealing a promising revenue growth rate per subscriber in its Mercury Communications unit, detailed in its prospectus for American depositary shares. Similarly, Royal Insurance reported half-year pre-tax profits of £119.6 million, although this was down from £154 million in the previous year. Despite profit declines, Royal Insurance raised its dividend payment by 13 per cent to 10.75 pence, demonstrating resilience amid increasing competition. In broader market trends, a reported 20 per cent increase in Scotch whisky exports, which reached £674 million in the first half of 1989, contributed to positive sentiment among brewers, as there was also strong demand for other alcoholic and soft drinks. However, investor reluctance was observed as they remained cautious due to previous sharp declines in share prices, compounded by an upcoming crucial set of data releases from the UK and US. By late afternoon trading, the FTSE index was slightly higher at 2328.2 points, managing to close above its worst levels from earlier in the week. This improvement followed moderate trading on Monday, which had also seen significant markdowns earlier in the session. The news detailed a range of closing prices for various stocks (sterling) and included listings for companies such as AMEC and BP, as well as Australian shares including ANZ Bank and BHP. Overall, the market outlook remained mixed, reflecting the challenges investors faced amidst a recoverable but cautious trading environment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890821_2_74_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890821.2.74.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619617600
6470,22,08,1989,"Mountbatten 'a Homosexual’ (Press, 22 August 1989)","A new book titled ""The Greatest Treason"" by Richard Deacon, the pen name for former foreign correspondent Donald McCormick, makes serious allegations about Earl Mountbatten, describing him as a homosexual and a security risk who relayed confidential messages to Soviet authorities. Deacon portrays Mountbatten, a celebrated war hero and a mentor to the royal family, as self-serving and egotistical, accusing him of even contemplating the idea of becoming the King of the Rhineland during a period of instability in Germany. Mountbatten, who lost his life in an IRA bombing in 1979, was reportedly known within naval circles to be homosexual prior to World War II, with accounts suggesting he engaged in homosexual activities while at sea. This aspect of his character raises concerns for some officials, including an unnamed former C.I.A. officer who questioned how Mountbatten secured notable promotions and roles despite being perceived as a security risk. The officer’s quote highlights the bewilderment over whether he had ever undergone proper vetting. The book also claims that Mountbatten expressed dissent towards American foreign policy in a message sent to the Soviets, indicating that in the event of a Cold War conflict, he would align with the USSR rather than the United States. This assertion adds weight to Deacon's argument about Mountbatten's dual loyalties. In addition, Deacon, who previously identified Anthony Blunt as a Soviet spy, proposes in this latest work that Guy Liddell, rather than Sir Roger Hollis, was the elusive ""fifth man"" in the notorious spy ring involving Blunt, Kim Philby, Donald Maclean, and Guy Burgess. This assertion contradicts narratives presented in Peter Wright's controversial book ""Spycatcher,"" which had placed a spotlight on allegations surrounding Sir Roger. Overall, Deacon's revelations about Mountbatten have ignited discussions about his legacy and the implications of his personal life on national security during a pivotal era in history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890822_2_79_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890822.2.79.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619704000
6469,22,08,1989,"Television Evangelist On Trial (Press, 22 August 1989)","Jim Bakker, a prominent evangelist and the founder of the P.T.L. (Praise The Lord) television ministry, commenced trial on 22 August 1989, facing serious legal charges of fraud. Bakker, aged 48 at the time, had previously led a highly successful ministry that amassed hundreds of millions of dollars before it fell into disgrace due to a high-profile sex scandal. The allegations against him include mail and wire fraud, as well as conspiracy, all connected to claims that he defrauded his supporters in order to sustain an extravagant lifestyle. Bakker's troubles began in March 1987 when he resigned from his ministry after admitting to a sexual relationship with Jessica Hahn, a former church secretary. This revelation triggered a series of events that led to his expulsion from the Assemblies of God church, a fundamentalist group, due to accusations of adultery and alleged homosexual conduct. The collapse of his ministry not only resulted in financial ruin but also significantly damaged his reputation and standing within the religious community. If convicted of all charges, Bakker could face a lengthy prison sentence of up to 120 years and be liable for fines exceeding USD 8.47 million (NZD 5.5 million). The trial has attracted significant media attention, given Bakker's history and the dramatic downfall of his once-thriving empire, which had encompassed a theme park and a cable television network. As the trial unfolds, it sheds light on issues of accountability and ethics in religious organisations, particularly in how leaders manage their ministries and the trust placed in them by their followers.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890822_2_79_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890822.2.79.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619704000
7494,25,08,1989,"Familiar Auck. Crew Go Fad-hopping (Press, 25 August 1989)","The review on the Auckland group Sistermatic highlights their single ""Million Dollar,"" released on disc Propeller X 14647. The band, comprising Mark Clare, Syd Pasley, Benny Staples, and Sina Saipaia, previously performed as part of the Newmatics, a notable ska-inspired dance band from the early 1980s. Critics noted that ""Million Dollar"" lacks the necessary energy to stand out, despite featuring a guest rapper, La Koi Wooten, and a sample of the ""Lotto"" theme. The review suggested that while the track may cater to the prevalent trends in Auckland's music scene, the opportunity to see the band perform could still make it worthwhile. The debut solo album ""Workbook"" by Bob Mould, a member of the influential band Husker Du, was praised for its diversity and quality. Collaborators included Anton Fier and Tony Maimone, with cello contributions from Jane Scarpantoni. The album's opening track, ""Sunspots,"" showcased a unique sound, and tracks like ""Poison Years"" and ""Sinners And Their Repentances"" highlighted Mould's range on guitar and vocals. The reviewer noted a rich, engaging experience that grew with repeated listenings, despite initial harsh impressions. Jackson Browne's ""World In Motion"" received a mixed reception. The album tackled significant social issues, but the critic felt Browne's execution fell short compared to his earlier work, such as ""Running On Empty."" Featuring collaborations with well-known musicians like Bonnie Raitt, the album included noteworthy tracks but ultimately lacked the impactful energy of Browne's previous albums. The Pixies' album ""Doolittle"" was described as a remarkable work filled with energising chaos and pop sensibilities. The band blended wild guitar sounds with catchy hooks, producing a collection of songs that felt both chaotic and fun. Tracks like ""Gouge Away"" and ""Debaser"" were mentioned for their dark wit, while the overall tone of ""Doolittle"" was seen as inventive and uniquely engaging, appealing to both rock enthusiasts and the pop sensibility. Lastly, Chaka Khan's ""Life Is A Dance — The Remix Project"" faced controversy as it was undertaken without her permission, leading to tensions between the artist and Warner Bros. Despite the absence of Khan’s endorsement, the double album featured remixes of her hits and showcased her danceability, with standout tracks like ""Ain't Nobody"" receiving positive attention. The project aimed to reignite interest in Khan’s original work, but the artist's lack of involvement left a shadow over the project. Overall, the ratings summarised the quality of each album based on a five-star system.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890825_2_106_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890825.2.106.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,619963200
7577,26,08,1989,"Sydney Prostitutes Angry About A.i.d.s. Test Plans (Press, 26 August 1989)","On 26 August 1989, sex workers in New South Wales expressed strong opposition to a proposal from an A.I.D.S. advisory committee that would mandate compulsory A.I.D.S. testing for prostitutes. Julie Bates, a spokeswoman for the Sex Workers’ Association of New South Wales, highlighted that sex workers have been proactive over the past five years. They have regularly undergone voluntary testing, required clients to use condoms, and educated the approximately 30,000 individuals who visit them weekly about the risks of A.I.D.S. Bates noted that the rate of H.I.V. infection among prostitutes in Sydney is the lowest in the western world, and while the past year saw a stable rate among sex workers, A.I.D.S. transmission among heterosexuals surged by 50 per cent. The controversy intensified following a television interview with a Sydney prostitute, named Charlene, who revealed her H.I.V. status while still working. Bates condemned the ensuing public discourse that blamed prostitutes for A.I.D.S. prevalence, arguing it detracted from awareness campaigns and reinforced societal prejudices. She suggested that compulsory testing would not effectively address the epidemic, as it provides a false sense of security. Bates argued that men often neglect their responsibility to use protection, relying on health certificates instead. Health Minister Peter Collins concurred with Bates in saying that blaming sex workers for the spread of A.I.D.S. oversimplifies the issue. He pointed out that irresponsible behaviour among promiscuous people who carry the virus contributes similarly to the problem. The case of Charlene has prompted considerations within the A.I.D.S. committee to revise the Public Health Act for better handling of such situations. Options being deliberated include mandatory testing for high-risk groups, enforced treatment for H.I.V. carriers, and creating secure medical facilities for non-compliant cases. Bates vehemently opposed these potential measures, advocating instead for intensified sexual health education, enforcing condom use in brothels, and ensuring government support for housing and drug rehabilitation initiatives. She underscored that a significant portion of the responsibility for A.I.D.S. prevention falls on men and that there needs to be a shift in focus to address their reluctance to use condoms and their avoidance of responsibility regarding sexual health. By directing more attention to heterosexual men in the community, Bates believes that the stigma surrounding sex workers can be alleviated and public health can be improved.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890826_2_132_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890826.2.132.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620049600
6471,26,08,1989,"The History Of Aa From The Inside (Press, 26 August 1989)","In her book ""Getting Better: Inside Alcoholics Anonymous,"" published in 1989, Nan Robertson provides an insightful history of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), drawing from her insider perspective. The narrative balances respect for AA's founders while acknowledging their human imperfections. Icons of the movement, like the coffee pot owned by Dr Bob's wife, are noted for their symbolic significance in meetings. Robertson traces the historical backdrop of alcoholism in America, which entered an era of significant consumption by the late 18th century. In 1784, Dr Benjamin Rush examined the effects of alcohol, marking the beginning of sustained temperance efforts alongside heavy drinking. Bill Wilson and Dr Bob Smith built upon existing temperance movements, creating a support network where sober individuals aimed to help those still struggling with alcohol addiction. This approach arose after National Prohibition failed, with temperance advocates adopting Dr William Duncan Silkworth's view of alcoholism as a legitimate illness. The philosophical foundation of AA also stems from the Oxford Group, founded by Rev. Frank Buchman, which promoted concepts like surrendering to God's will, moral inventories, public confession, and making amends. Despite Buchman's controversial legacy, his group's ideas were pivotal in shaping AA's recovery philosophy. As of 1989, AA had nearly two million members across 63,000 groups in 114 countries, with the United States housing about half of these participants. The programme, articulated by Wilson four decades prior, remained consistent, focusing on its core literature, recovery methods, and the 12 steps and traditions. Historically, AA's demographic was predominantly white, male, middle-class, and middle-aged, but there has been a notable shift with increasing representation of younger members, alongside a growing number of women now making up one-third of North American membership. Interestingly, many newcomers were found to be addicted to alcohol and other drugs, reflecting changing patterns of addiction. In the 1980s, AA's expansion included organisations catering to teenagers and partners of alcoholics, as well as groups for ""Adult Children of Alcoholics,"" highlighting the ripple effects of alcoholism on families. It is estimated that 28 million people in the United States are impacted by having at least one alcoholic parent. Robertson argues for the efficacy of AA, suggesting that while it may seem anti-science and emotionally driven, the philosophy and community support it provides play a crucial role in recovery. She notes the complexities faced by medical professionals regarding diagnosing alcoholism and the ineffectiveness of treatment without a supportive approach like that of AA. Overall, Robertson's book is a revealing exploration of the journey and success of Alcoholics Anonymous, showcasing her insights as both a journalist and a devoted member of the organisation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890826_2_113_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890826.2.113.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620049600
7578,29,08,1989,"‘Preventive Strategies’ Needed To Prevent A.i.d.s.... (Press, 29 August 1989)","Dr. Geoff Elvy, head of the Australian Alcohol and Drug Foundation, has warned that New Zealanders are becoming too complacent regarding the potential spread of A.I.D.S. He expressed his concerns during a visit to Christchurch on 28 August 1989, following his presentation at the World Congress on Mental Health in Auckland. Dr. Elvy stated that without the implementation of preventive strategies, New Zealand would inevitably face a dramatic increase in A.I.D.S. cases. He highlighted that the country is currently in a critical phase, often referred to as the “window” period, during which the number of cases has not yet surged. Dr. Elvy pinpointed intravenous drug users as a high-risk group for the rapid transmission of the disease and emphasised that targeted interventions are necessary. One such strategy already in place is the needle exchange programme, which aims to reduce the sharing of contaminated needles. However, Dr. Elvy suggested considering more radical approaches, such as legalising heroin, which he argued is less toxic than alcohol and tobacco. He noted that heroin is frequently injected as it is illegal and often impure due to high street prices. In countries like Thailand and Malaysia, where heroin is relatively inexpensive and purer, users tend to smoke the drug instead, reducing the risk of A.I.D.S. transmission. Dr. Elvy proposed conducting a trial period in New Zealand where heroin could be made more accessible to regular users through prescriptions and single-use syringes. He acknowledged the potential for such a policy to increase the number of drug users but argued that it might be a preferable option compared to inaction in the face of a potential health crisis. Currently, New Zealand recorded about 140 diagnosed A.I.D.S. cases, which is low compared to examples from Australia, where cases have surged from 111 to 1400 in a short time. He warned that since the progression from registering as H.I.V. positive to full-blown A.I.D.S. can take eight to ten years, New Zealand could face a similar spike in cases if measures are not urgently implemented. Dr. Elvy observed that many New Zealanders seem largely unaware of the severity and urgency of the situation involving A.I.D.S. and how quickly the disease could spread throughout the population. He asserted that proactive strategies and public awareness are essential to avoid an impending public health crisis.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890829_2_29.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890829.2.29,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620308800
7579,30,08,1989,"Aust. To A.i.d.s. Test Migrants (Press, 30 August 1989)","On 30 August 1989, the Australian government announced new measures regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) for intending immigrants. The measures will require compulsory testing for HIV for those looking to immigrate to Australia, with the intention of rejecting most applicants who test positive for the virus. However, it was clarified that not all individuals infected with HIV will be automatically denied entry. In contrast, tourists entering Australia for short stays will not be subjected to HIV tests; instead, they will receive informational pamphlets that highlight the risks associated with AIDS. The government revealed that approximately 15,000 individuals, out of a total population of about 16 million in Australia, are known to be living with HIV. Additionally, to bolster public health efforts in relation to AIDS, the Australian government has earmarked NZ$409 million over the next four years for education and research related to the disease. This financial commitment reflects the government's focus on combating the spread of HIV and AIDS and improving public awareness of the issues surrounding these health concerns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890830_2_54.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890830.2.54,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620395200
7230,31,08,1989,"Azt In Trial To Protect Babies From A.i,d.s. (Press, 31 August 1989)","In a groundbreaking trial announced on 31 August 1989, pregnant women diagnosed with AIDS are set to receive the anti-AIDS drug Zidovudine, commonly known as AZT, in an effort to prevent their babies from contracting the disease. This significant initiative is being spearheaded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, with a specific aim to address the alarming growth of AIDS cases among newborns. Dr Anthony Fauci, the institute's director, highlighted the urgent need for research in this area, noting that infected infants have a bleak outlook. The exact mechanisms of how AIDS is transmitted from mother to child remain largely unknown, but it is believed to occur during pregnancy, during childbirth through contact with maternal blood, or via breastfeeding after birth. It is observed that many infants with AIDS are born to mothers who are intravenous drug users or have partners who are. The study will initially include ten women infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the virus responsible for AIDS. The first phase of the trial will involve six participants with no recent history of drug abuse. Subsequently, four women who are intravenous drug users but are currently maintained on methadone— used to manage withdrawal from illegal drugs— will join the trial. All participants will begin the study by receiving AZT injections and will continue their treatment throughout their pregnancies by taking 200 milligram AZT pills five times a day. Once the women go into labour, they will receive another injection of AZT. The infants' health will be closely monitored for 18 months post-delivery, focusing on their development and checking for signs of AIDS. This experiment represents a hopeful step forward in the ongoing battle against AIDS, particularly concerning its impact on the youngest and most vulnerable patients. With this initiative, researchers aim to find effective interventions to safeguard at-risk infants from the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890831_2_171_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890831.2.171.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620481600
7580,31,08,1989,"N.z. In A.i.d.s. Rethink (Press, 31 August 1989)","On 31 August 1989, the New Zealand Government announced that it would closely examine Australia's recent decision to implement compulsory AIDS and HIV testing for all immigrants. Health Minister Ms. Clark and Immigration Minister Mr. Douglas expressed the Government's preference for alignment with Australian policies on such health issues. They indicated that in light of Australia's announcement, New Zealand would consider introducing similar compulsory testing for immigrants. Currently, individuals seeking to immigrate to New Zealand are required to obtain a medical certificate confirming they do not have AIDS or any related conditions.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890831_2_56_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890831.2.56.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620481600
7581,02,09,1989,"A.i.d.s. Insurance Claims Top $1 Million (Press, 2 September 1989)","Life insurance claims related to AIDS have exceeded $1 million in New Zealand within a year, according to Mr Boyd Klap, chief executive of the Life Offices’ Association. Since September 1988, when data collection began, 42 life cover claims involving 24 men have amounted to a total of $1,271,099. Most of the claimants fall within the 30 to 49-year age bracket. Additionally, three disability claims that are AIDS-related have resulted in monthly benefits of $3,552 being paid out. Mr Klap pointed out that the increase in claims is a reflection of the growing impact of HIV and AIDS in New Zealand. He highlighted that there has been a similar trend observed in Australia, where claims saw a significant rise of $3.2 million over three months, contributing to a total of $14.2 million disbursed to date. He noted that insurance policies have been incorporating questions regarding unsafe sex practices since the previous year to mitigate risks. While some insurance companies have rejected applicants they considered high-risk, Mr Klap stated that he has no record of any AIDS-related claims being denied. He explained that refusals typically occur when there is a failure to disclose relevant information or if there is false information provided on either medical evidence or personal statements. In a bid to address the AIDS issue proactively, the association has also provided a grant of $5,000 to the New Zealand Royal College of General Practitioners aimed at promoting education about AIDS. Mr Klap emphasised that this initiative is a step towards fulfilling the insurance industry's social responsibility in the face of the AIDS epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890902_2_155.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890902.2.155,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620654400
6472,04,09,1989,"‘Burn This’ At Court (Press, 4 September 1989)","“Burn This,” a play by Lanford Wilson directed by Elizabeth Moody, was performed at The Court Theatre from September 2 to 15, 1989, with the running time from 8 p.m. to 10.35 p.m. In a review by Elody Rathgen, the play is described as embodying the fast-paced, intense spirit typical of New York Broadway productions. Central to its narrative are themes of choice between familiar comforts and passionate new experiences. The story revolves around the character Anna Mann, portrayed by Caroline Claver, whose life is upended following the death of her dance colleague, a talented young homosexual. The turmoil deepens when Anna encounters her late colleague’s family at the funeral, revealing their unfamiliarity with his talent and sexuality. As she attempts to return to her routine in New York, her life takes another turn when Pale, the brother of her deceased friend, enters the picture, disrupting her existing security and lifestyle. The initial performance struggled with an awkward start, but the atmosphere shifted dramatically with the entrance of Pale, played by K. C. Kelly. His portrayal injected energy into the play, where he effectively embodied a character marked by financial pursuit that brings little joy. Kelly's physical presence captured the frustrations of Pale, although his vigorous portrayal sometimes bordered on excessive bravado. Stephen Lovatt’s performance as Larry, Anna’s gay flatmate, received high praise for striking the right balance of humour and warmth. Claver’s depiction of Anna was deemed complex, caught in the tension between portraying the character's struggles for comedic effect or more serious engagement with her passionate entanglements. This ambiguity made Anna’s character feel less impactful than it could have been. Geoffrey Dolan rounded out the cast, contributing a sympathetic interpretation to his role as the least engaging character. The production eventually settled as the four actors developed strong chemistry, under Moody’s direction, which clarified moments of tension and humour. The set design notably conveyed a spacious New York studio flat, although some of Anna's costumes appeared overly dramatic and made Claver seem uncomfortable. “Burn This” marks the beginning of a series featuring four newly written plays, promising an engaging theatre experience in Christchurch. While the play does not convey a profound message, it presents a vibrant investigation into personal relationships and emotional complexities.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890904_2_61_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890904.2.61.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620827200
6473,04,09,1989,"Publicity The Key To Battling A.I.D.S. (Press, 4 September 1989)","In a commentary on the HIV/AIDS crisis in New Zealand, Dr Tessa Turnbull from the Royal New Zealand College of General Practitioners highlights the significant presence of HIV, the virus responsible for AIDS, within the country. While research is underway to find a cure, and international symposiums are facilitating the sharing of knowledge, Turnbull notes that considerable government funding has focused on public education campaigns. The predominant message has been to promote safe sex practices, such as condom use, alongside implementing a needle exchange scheme to reduce the transmission risks associated with drug use. This public health approach also includes improvements to blood transfusion safety through rigorous HIV antibody testing and discouraging high-risk individuals from donating blood. Despite this awareness, Turnbull emphasises that the majority of AIDs cases currently observed could only represent a fraction of future incidences due to the lengthy incubation period from HIV infection to AIDS, which is estimated to be at least seven years. This leads to critical questions about the allocation of resources and whether funds are being used effectively, especially in the context of ordinary heterosexual individuals in developed nations. Turnbull observes that information gleaned from overseas studies demonstrates rapid spread of HIV/AIDS in heterosexual urban populations of central and eastern Africa, where societal conditions differ drastically from those in New Zealand. Factors contributing to this include multiple sexual partners, a prevalence of prostitution, high rates of other sexually transmitted infections that facilitate HIV transmission, and various chronic infections that can weaken immune systems. A recent European study showed that the likelihood of AIDS transmission from infected males to their female partners increases significantly if the female has a history of sexually transmitted infections or if the male has advanced AIDS. The risk level also escalates with the practice of anal intercourse. Interestingly, the study found that having repeated sexual contact does not necessarily increase transmission rates as long as no risk factors are present. In New Zealand, drug addiction and the sharing of needles are considered high-risk activities, as is homosexual activity without adequate protective measures. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in New Zealand also poses an elevated risk for HIV/AIDS, underscoring the need for widespread public education about these factors. The case of an infected prostitute in Sydney has further amplified concerns regarding indiscriminate sexual behaviour, making it evident that managing such risks is a complex issue. While the risk in a single heterosexual encounter is deemed low, Turnbull affirms that the threat of AIDS is real, necessitating the implementation of control measures and increased public awareness of risk factors. She concludes that ongoing research and education will be vital in addressing and managing this public health concern as knowledge about HIV/AIDS continues to evolve.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890904_2_80.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890904.2.80,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,620827200
6474,06,09,1989,"Expert Supports Surgery Delay (Press, 6 September 1989)","On 6 September 1989, a prominent AIDS expert, Professor Tony Basten, endorsed a Sydney surgeon's decision to postpone surgery on a homosexual man until he underwent testing for the AIDS virus. The case involves Simon Ferguson, a 29-year-old man who has filed a complaint with the Equal Opportunities Tribunal, claiming he was discriminated against by Dr Richard West and the Central Sydney Area Health Service. The incident dates back to August 1985, when Mr Ferguson was denied elective surgery at Rachel Forster Hospital. Dr West explained in the tribunal that he chose to delay the procedure to remove a benign lump from Mr Ferguson's chest for both medical and safety concerns. Professor Basten supported Dr West's position, noting that Mr Ferguson belonged to a high-risk group, and emphasised that clarifying the patient's HIV status would be in the best interests of all parties involved. The tribunal hearing on the matter is ongoing, with the discussion highlighting the complexities surrounding health care, discrimination, and AIDS-related concerns in the medical community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890906_2_82_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890906.2.82.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,621000000
7194,06,09,1989,"Reaction To Drug Trial Cautious (Press, 6 September 1989)","On 6 September 1989, health officials in Wellington, New Zealand, reacted cautiously to the news of a successful anti-AIDS drug trial conducted in the United States. Researchers decided to halt the trial after discovering that the drug, Zidovudine (formerly known as AZT), was effective in helping HIV-infected individuals even before they displayed symptoms of the disease. Since the initiation of Zidovudine use in New Zealand in June 1987, 94 patients had received the drug, with 73 of them still alive at the time of the report. Historically, Zidovudine was only prescribed to individuals with full-blown AIDS or those suffering from AIDs-related complex. The U.S. trial had involved 3,000 participants and was expected to continue for another year before researchers concluded they had sufficient evidence demonstrating that the drug could delay the onset of AIDS in asymptomatic individuals. Despite its potential benefits, Zidovudine is costly, with a treatment averaging $12,000 annually per person, and it does not cure AIDS. It provides at most an 18-month respite from the illness. Researchers noted that the HIV virus tends to develop resistance to the drug, leading to a resurgence of the infection after this period. Dr. Canagaratnam Sri Ananda, the principal medical officer for the Health Department, acknowledged the high cost of Zidovudine but pointed out that it could have wider benefits if further trials confirmed its effectiveness in asymptomatic individuals. He indicated that a governmental decision would be necessary regarding funding such treatments if the trials validated these findings. However, he also highlighted the serious side effects associated with Zidovudine, which might deter its use for those without symptoms. The co-ordinator of the People with AIDS Collective, Daniel Fielding, further elaborated on the side effects, which varied from mild nausea to severe anemia. He expressed concerns about widespread use of Zidovudine among asymptomatic people, noting that although it delayed the onset of AIDS, the HIV virus could become resistant to the drug before individuals truly required it. In addition to Zidovudine, there was anticipation around drug trials in France involving Imuthiol, a drug from the same family as Antibuse, used to treat alcoholism. Mr. Fielding suggested that Imuthiol appeared to be a more promising option than Zidovudine due to its considerably fewer side effects—mainly nausea—and its potential for cost-effectiveness, with treatment expected to be as low as $300. Thus, while the success of the Zidovudine trial was encouraging, New Zealand health officials and activists remained cautious, considering the drug's limitations, side effects, and the potential alternatives on the horizon.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890906_2_34.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890906.2.34,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,621000000
6475,08,09,1989,"Controversial Director Delivers Erotic Tale (Press, 8 September 1989)","""Law of Desire,"" an erotic film directed by the provocative Spanish filmmaker Pedro Almodovar, premiered at the Metro on 8 September 1989. This film explores complex relationships among its characters, particularly focusing on two brothers, Pablo and Tina, who were both born male. The narrative unfolds with Tina, originally named Tino, who transitions after experiencing a sexual relationship with their father when she moves in with him. Following this troubling transformation, Tina becomes entrenched in a complex dynamic marked by hatred for men, as her father ultimately abandons her. Pablo, the other brother, is a screenplay writer and aspiring director who finds himself in love with Juan, a charismatic young man. Their relationship is characterised by a lack of mutual passion, highlighted by Juan’s terse letter to Pablo during a holiday in his hometown, which fails to convey the desire Pablo longs for. In response, Pablo pens a heartfelt letter, imbuing it with all the emotion he wishes to receive, which Juan eventually signs and returns, further complicating their relationship. As the plot develops, Pablo engages in a sexual affair with Antonio, a naive young man with a strict upbringing whom he encounters outside a nightclub. ""Law of Desire"" primarily examines themes of love triangles, jealousy, and the struggles of desire, presenting a realistic portrayal of the characters' experiences and emotional turmoil. Almodovar's film is noted for its serious exploration of passion's various facets—its allure, its absence, and the ways it can distort human connections. True to the director’s distinctive style, the film maintains a serious tone without moral judgement, allowing the characters’ experiences to unfold authentically. Almodovar's ability to provoke thought and reflect upon contemporary issues of desire and identity is increasingly evident in this work, demonstrating his growing artistic finesse.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890908_2_115_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890908.2.115.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,621172800
6476,11,09,1989,"Almodovar Presents Another Liberal Film (Press, 11 September 1989)","On 11 September 1989, a review of Pedro Almodovar's film ""Law of Desire"" was published, highlighting the significant cultural shift in Spain following the end of Franco's dictatorship. The film, described as a homoerotic black comedy, illustrates the newfound freedom in sexual attitudes and artistic expression that emerged in the democratic era. The review notes that such films could not have been produced during Franco's regime, marking a stark contrast to the current liberal environment. Almodovar is likened to notable international directors such as Jean Cocteau and Rainer Werner Fassbinder, all of whom share a knack for merging the fantastic with the ordinary while maintaining a deep understanding of human nature. The review also mentions Luis Bunuel, whose works challenged societal norms, akin to Almodovar’s approach. In ""Law of Desire,"" Almodovar presents a complex narrative revolving around a triangle of male lovers and a female character, Tina, who was born male but transitioned to meet her father's expectations. This shocking revelation comes unexpectedly, reflecting the film's provocative nature. The film opens with a young man engaging in a provocative act, only to reveal that it is a scene within the film, showcasing Almodovar's playful trickery with audience expectations. The main character, Pablo, is depicted as a filmmaker oblivious to the implications of AIDS, adding a serious undertone to the otherwise comedic narrative. The intertwining of Pablo and Tina's stories creates a layered plot that shifts dramatically when a murder investigation unfolds. The reviewer posits that ""Law of Desire"" challenges viewers to embrace its chaotic storytelling, suggesting that failing to take the film too seriously can lead to a captivating experience. Previously, Almodovar's films had limited exposure in New Zealand. However, his earlier work ""Matador"" was screened for a brief time, and ""Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown"" was better received during a recent film festival. His international reputation has grown, and it is clear that his films are now regarded as significant contributions to cinema rather than merely the erotic fantasies of a single-genre director. The review encourages audiences to view Almodovar's work as insightful explorations of human emotions and absurdities, deserving of serious attention.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890911_2_30.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890911.2.30,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,621432000
6477,15,09,1989,"On Screen (Press, 15 September 1989)","The news published on 15 September 1989 provides a round-up of notable films currently screening in various cinemas. ""Babette's Feast,"" showcased at Pantages in Hornby, is highlighted as a remarkable film that features a Parisian chef creating an unforgettable meal for a small Danish community. This film won the Oscar for Best Foreign Film, praised for its nuanced portrayal of art and culinary transcendence. Another significant film is ""Sex, Lies, and Videotape,"" shown at the Academy. Directed by Steven Soderbergh, this film explores the sexual anxieties of a group of yuppies and received critical acclaim at the Cannes Film Festival, earning the Palme d'Or, Best Actor for James Spader, and the International Critics' Award. At the Metro, ""Powaqqatsi"" is noted as a captivating documentary that departs from traditional narration, instead presenting a visual exploration of human effort and hardship globally, accompanied by music from Philip Glass. Also at the Metro, ""Law of Desire,"" by Spanish filmmaker Pedro Almodovar, features a complex homosexual love triangle that challenges societal norms, described as entertaining once audiences adapt to its provocative themes. The Hollywood 2 cinema showcases a double feature of the year’s top comedies, ""A Fish Called Wanda"" and ""Dirty Rotten Scoundrels."" Moving to the Regent 2, ""The Bear,"" directed by Jean Jacques Annaud, offers a family-friendly adventure about an orphaned bear cub, being heralded as one of the best wildlife films in decades. In the action genre, ""Lethal Weapon 2"" returns with Mel Gibson and Danny Glover as the iconic cop duo, sustaining high-paced action despite a simplistic plot. ""Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade"" is screened at Savoy 2, bringing back Harrison Ford as Indiana Jones. This sequel features rapid-action storytelling and comedy, with Sean Connery portraying Indy’s father, weaving an adventurous tale of the Holy Grail crafted by the creative team of Steven Spielberg and George Lucas. Additionally, ""Scandal,"" shown at Hollywood 1, recounts the Profumo scandal that caused a British government's downfall, balancing titillation with thoughtful commentary. ""Beaches,"" available at Midcity, stars Bette Midler and Barbara Hershey as lifelong friends navigating joys and sorrows, while ""Great Balls of Fire"" features Dennis Quaid as rock’n’roll icon Jerry Lee Lewis, scrutinising his controversial marriage to his 13-year-old cousin. ""Pet Sematary"" at Savoy 1 and ""The Karate Kid, Part III"" at Regent 2 are also noted, with the latter tackling the protagonist’s struggles between ideals and harsh realities in its third instalment. Overall, the round-up reflects a diverse array of films catering to various tastes, from comedy and drama to action and documentary.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890915_2_98_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890915.2.98.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,621777600
6500,18,09,1989,"Church For Gays Sets Up In Chch (Press, 18 September 1989)","On 18 September 1989, Tom Metcalfe reported the establishment of a new branch of the Metropolitan Community Church (MCC) in Christchurch, a Christian church predominantly catering to a gay congregation. The MCC already operated two other branches in New Zealand, located in Auckland and Rotorua. Rev. Richard Mickley, pastor of the Auckland branch, travelled to Christchurch to provide support and led a service to celebrate the reopening of the Dorian Society rooms on Lichfield Street. The Dorian Society, an organisation serving gay men and women, invested $100,000 in renovations of their facilities. These upgrades included the addition of a restaurant, bar, and performance stage. The MCC plans to hold its services in these newly renovated rooms. Rev. Mickley clarified that the Metropolitan Community Church should not be exclusively considered a gay congregation but aims to create a welcoming Christian environment for all individuals. He highlighted the unique connection that many in the LGBTQ+ community feel with the church, noting that these individuals often do not receive acceptance in other congregations, including those they may have attended during their upbringing. He asserted that the MCC operates within mainstream Christian doctrines and places emphasis on the acceptance of all people, reflecting Christ's teachings as outlined in the Bible. Currently, there are approximately 300 Metropolitan Community Churches worldwide, with the Auckland branch being established for 16 years and maintaining a congregation of about 100 members.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890918_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890918.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622036800
7582,19,09,1989,"H.i.v. Test Required For 29 Countries (Press, 19 September 1989)","Many countries around the world have begun requiring visitors to undergo testing for HIV/AIDS. As of 1989, there are 29 countries that mandate this test, primarily targeting those who plan to stay long-term or who are seeking employment within their borders. However, there are specific exceptions to this rule. For instance, Iraq stipulates that anyone intending to remain in the country for five days or more must take the test. The countries where this requirement is in place include a diverse range, such as Belize, Bulgaria, China, Costa Rica, and Cuba, noting that the regulation does not apply to tourists in the latter. Others on the list are Cyprus, Ecuador, Egypt, East Germany, West Germany (with Bavaria being an exception), Greece, and India. Additional nations include Iraq, South Korea, Kuwait, Liberia, Libya, the Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Soviet Union, Syria, Thailand, and the United Arab Emirates. These measures reflect a growing global awareness and response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, addressing public health concerns by screening incoming visitors.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890919_2_88.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890919.2.88,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622123200
7456,20,09,1989,"Ancient Beliefs Inspire Symbolic Paintings (Press, 20 September 1989)","Christchurch artist Julia Morison is showcasing her work through multiple exhibitions in September 1989. She has featured as one of the Canterbury Belles at the McDougall Art Annex, and is currently exhibiting a series of drawings titled Anatomy I-X at the Jonathan Jensen Gallery. These drawings serve as preparatory works for her piece Somniloquist, which will be part of the Sex and Sign exhibition opening at the Art Annex on September 21. From September 27 to October 8, Morison will also present her work Decan at the C.S.A. Gallery, which she completed during her Frances Hodgkin's Fellowship in 1988. Morison's art reflects her fascination with belief systems, particularly focusing on ancient Greek Hermetic writings and Jewish Kabbalah. She describes the Hermetic writings as encompassing a variety of teachings attributed to Hermes Trismegistus, an Egyptian god. According to her, these writings hark back to a time when the ideas prevalent in Western Christian society had not yet taken root. She contrasts the Hermetic concept of a bisexual God with the traditional view of a singular divine figure, highlighting that Hermetic literature encourages readers to explore diverse perspectives rather than adhere to a single scripture. In Anatomy I-X, Morison explores the relationship between ten significant alchemical materials—such as gold, silver, blood, and lead—and the human body, drawing links through the Kabbalist concept of sefiroth, which represent channels connecting humanity, the world, and the cosmos. For instance, her artwork titled Lead features a square of lead alongside intricate pen-and-ink drawings that correlate the material to anatomical themes. Similarly, Reflection is represented in a spiral configuration. The Sex and Sign exhibition, curated by Wystan Curnow from Auckland University, will include works from Morison along with four other artists who engage with themes of gender and sexuality during a time described as decadence. This exhibition runs until October 19. Decan is composed of ten diptychs that open like a book, featuring panels of varying symbolic proportions and sizes, each accompanied by distinctive logos and materials. The term Decan refers to a talisman or symbolic image. Morison states that her narrative images derive from a mix of sources including encyclopaedias, comics, and television, combined with logos and materials to evoke a time when science and myth coexisted harmoniously. Julia Morison, born in 1952 in Pahiatua, New Zealand, graduated from Wellington Polytechnic with a Diploma of Graphic Arts followed by a Diploma of Fine Arts from Canterbury University in the 1970s. She has a rich exhibition history in New Zealand and participated in the Joan Miro Exhibition in Barcelona and Okinawa in 1984. Additionally, she has contributed to theatre design for various universities and theatre companies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890920_2_101_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890920.2.101.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622209600
7460,20,09,1989,"Sydney ‘beats’ Get Safe-sex Message (Press, 20 September 1989)","On 20 September 1989, a unique approach to AIDs prevention in New South Wales gained attention through the efforts of two men, Ulo Klemmer, 39, and Phillip Keen, 26. Their job involves visiting public toilets and areas where men often seek casual, anonymous sexual encounters. This initiative was established under a State Health Department grant after research from Westmead Hospital indicated that many men, some infected with the AIDs virus, were engaging in unsafe sex at these locations. Klemmer and Keen were recruited after responding to an advertisement by the New South Wales Aids Council approximately a year prior. They have since spread AIDs prevention messaging to around 800 men at about 60 cruising spots in western Sydney. The challenge addressed by the project lies in reaching men who might not identify with the traditional gay community—many have wives or girlfriends and typically do not respond to standard AIDs health campaigns. The two men believe their work has significantly reduced unsafe sexual practices among their clients. Their outreach efforts often take place during the day, as many men prefer to keep their evenings free for family time. They reported that clients were eager to engage in conversations about their experiences, with many expressing that it was their first opportunity to discuss their same-sex encounters. Keen commented on the long conversations they have had with clients, noting that it appears to have helped many men feel more comfortable about their sexuality. Klemmer further explained that there is no typical profile for the individuals they encounter, reflecting a broad spectrum of masculinity. Despite the potential danger associated with visiting beats—such as reports of violence—neither man has faced serious issues. However, they expressed concern that increased publicity about their work could lead to violence and political pressure to shut down the beats. Don Baxter, a spokesperson for the Aids Council, echoed their worries, highlighting that closing down beats would deter men from seeking AIDs testing. He pointed out that cruising behaviours have existed for centuries and underscored the necessity for similar outreach programmes in other major Australian cities. Baxter stated that at least ten more “beats officers” are needed in New South Wales, as similar activities are likely occurring in urban areas across the country.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890920_2_78_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890920.2.78.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622209600
7072,22,09,1989,"On Film (Press, 22 September 1989)","In a bizarre incident at a mental asylum in Buenos Aires, a patient claims to hail from another planet and exhibits alarming traits associated with the figure of Jesus Christ. This unusual scenario raises questions about identity and mental health, as the individual presents both delusions and a profound belief in his perceived role. The uniqueness of the case captures the attention of the medical staff, adding to the intrigue surrounding his arrival. In the realm of cinema, several notable films are highlighted for viewing throughout the week. ""Torch Song Trilogy,"" an American production, showcases the life of Arnold, a drag queen navigating the complexities of love and acceptance in his search for Mr Right. The film also features Anne Bancroft in the role of Arnold's Jewish mother, which adds a poignant layer to the narrative and explores themes of family dynamics and societal expectations. French film ""Le Grand Chemin"" tells the story of Louis, a shy schoolboy from Paris who is suddenly taken to live with a rural couple. The film offers a deeply affecting exploration of childhood and the often harsh realities of adult behaviour, revealing a bittersweet journey for Louis as he learns about human nature. Meanwhile, ""Running on Empty,"" another American film, delves into the lives of a family of former radical socialists from the Vietnam War era, navigating the impact of their past choices on their current lives. The film addresses significant themes of identity, sacrifice, and the complexities of familial relationships. Lastly, ""The Boost!"" features James Woods as Lenny, a character in the thrall of a fast-paced life that spirals due to addiction and the consequences that follow. This narrative explores the dark side of ambition and the struggles of self-control in the face of temptation. These films provide a discourse on various aspects of human experience, from the whimsical to the deeply serious, reflecting on societal roles, personal struggles, and the quest for connection amid life's chaos. Each offering brings a different perspective of life and the challenges individuals face, making this week a significant one for those interested in thought-provoking cinema.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890922_2_108_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890922.2.108.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622382400
7583,26,09,1989,"A.i.d.s. (Press, 26 September 1989)","In a letter published on 26 September 1989, Varian J. Wilson expresses concern regarding the casual attitude towards A.I.D.S. (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) in New Zealand, particularly in response to comments made by Jackie Curtis. Wilson argues that the disease, while lethal, presents a lower risk to New Zealanders than commonly perceived. He notes that most cases of H.I.V. (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in the country have been imported, and while there have been some instances of innocent infections through contaminated blood, the primary transmission method – sodomy – has not shown a significant incidence in New Zealand, unlike in cities such as San Francisco and New York City where over half of homosexuals tested are H.I.V. positive. Wilson advocates for stringent entry regulations, including quarantine for incoming travellers, as a critical safety measure, akin to practices in other countries. However, he acknowledges that such measures may be limited by the virus's incubation period, which complicates their effectiveness. He distinguishes between different approaches to understanding the epidemic; he calls for a focus on behavioural psychology to identify risk groups and risky behaviours, while also acknowledging the role of molecular biology in studying retroviruses. Wilson criticises the information being disseminated by the Minister of Health, suggesting it is misleading or inadequate.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890926_2_136_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890926.2.136.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622728000
6478,26,09,1989,"Carmen Tells Her Story (Press, 26 September 1989)","A documentary titled “Carmen” is set to air on 26 September 1989, focusing on the life of Carmen Rupe, one of New Zealand’s most famous transsexuals and an influential advocate for homosexual law reform. The film, produced and directed by Geoff Steven, was prompted by the release of a book about Carmen's life the previous year. Steven aimed to highlight the significant impact Carmen had on New Zealand society, particularly during the 1950s and 60s, a time marked by rigid societal norms regarding gender and sexuality. Carmen’s journey begins in Taumarunui, where she was born Trevor Rupe. The documentary chronicles her transformation and challenges as a transsexual in New Zealand, including an incident where she was arrested for wearing women’s clothing. The charges were dismissed when a judge noted that she looked better as a woman. The film also revisits her controversial ventures, including the opening of the International Coffee Lounge and the Balcony nightclub in Wellington, both known for their vibrant nightlife and transsexual performers. In the mid-1970s, Carmen made headlines for alleging that some Members of Parliament were involved in homosexual and bisexual activities, leading to a parliamentary inquiry. Her most audacious act came in 1977 when she ran for Mayor of Wellington, with businessman Bob Jones supporting her candidacy and later suggesting that votes were miscounted in her favour. Carmen expresses in the documentary her frustration that the legal changes she advocated for during her activism did not materialise until after her departure from New Zealand. She specifically mentions her battles for the legalisation of homosexuality at ages 21 and 18, as well as for liquor licenses for strip clubs; laws that later changed after she left the country. The documentary blends real narrative with fantasy sequences to illustrate Carmen’s theatrical persona, with actor Neil Gudsell portraying her. Gudsell has a personal connection to Carmen, having admired her since his teenage years. He undertook the challenge of embodying her character, even adopting her mannerisms and voice for performances. Carmen's influence is noted as significant in advancing human rights in New Zealand, with Gudsell describing her as inspirational for her courage and authenticity. The documentary also showcases fond reflections from those who knew her, including stories of her being approached by fans wherever she went during filming in Kings Cross, Australia, where she currently resides. Overall, “Carmen” intends to celebrate her legacy as a cultural icon in New Zealand history, reflecting on her contributions to social change and the broader conversation about gender identity and acceptance in society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890926_2_75.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890926.2.75,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622728000
6479,27,09,1989,"‘Sunday News’ Gets Press Council Slap (Press, 27 September 1989)","An article published by the “Sunday News” regarding the late Peter Plumley-Walker has received criticism from the Press Council, which upheld part of a complaint made by Paul Kinder, representing Gays and Lesbians Against Discrimination. The council noted that while the sensational style of the “Sunday News” may be expected by its readership, it still upholds professional standards in journalism that should avoid untruths, exaggerations, and unfair representations of individuals. On February 12, the “Sunday News” featured a front-page headline stating, “Murder Victim’s Dark Secrets Exposed,” which discussed details surrounding Mr Plumley-Walker's death. He was found at Huka Falls on February 2, 1989. The article accused him of living a ""double life"" and described him as a “closet homosexual,” referring to his purported interest in pornographic material and suggesting implications about his lifestyle. The complaint highlighted that the portrayal of Mr Plumley-Walker was unduly negative and served to denigrate not only him but the broader gay community. Kinder's grievance pointed out the absence of evidence showing any illegal activities on Mr Plumley-Walker's part and condemned the newspaper for associating him with other individuals previously convicted of sexual offences, which contributed to a harmful stereotype. In response, the editor of the “Sunday News” contended that the article reflected public interest in the matter rather than intended discrimination against a minority group. While the Press Council did not affirm that the article explicitly denigrated all homosexuals, it acknowledged that the reporting was largely based on assumptions rather than substantial evidence, resulting in an unjustly negative portrayal of Mr Plumley-Walker. The council found that the sensational nature of the article failed to align with the ethical principles expected in journalism. Moreover, the article included references to material from “Truth” related to Mr Plumley-Walker's presumed actions and alluded to a previous conviction in Britain without providing specific details. Based on the overall assessment of the article's content and its potentially damaging implications, the Press Council condemned the article and reaffirmed the need for responsible journalism that adheres to truth and fairness.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890927_2_162.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890927.2.162,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622814400
6842,27,09,1989,"Trial Has Zsa Zsa Tops For Unpopularity (Press, 27 September 1989)","Zsa Zsa Gabor, the controversial Hungarian actress, is currently in the midst of her trial for slapping a police officer, with a verdict expected soon. Despite the seriousness of her situation, a recent radio sweepstakes in Los Angeles has named her the most disliked celebrity, surpassing Jim and Tammy Bakker. Public sentiment appears to be largely against Gabor, with a CBS poll indicating that 81 per cent of Americans are weary of her ongoing legal drama. The case has dragged on for three weeks, far longer than the standard three-day duration for similar misdemeanour trials. As a result, local taxpayers are frustrated, with the trial costing them approximately $2,500 a day. Gabor, aged 67, claims to find humour in the backlash, stating that she receives a mix of hate mail and support. She noted that while some letters are harsh, with one saying she is too ugly to look at, others have sent her kind gestures like chocolates and cookies. The actress has expressed feeling targeted, particularly after her address was published, leading to harassment at her home in Bel Air, including egging, vandalism, and late-night disturbances. Additionally, Gabor has faced backlash from gay activists for remarks regarding her fear of being incarcerated with lesbians, which she has responded to with defiance. Her trial has been labelled a “tired spectacle” by the media, which is eager for new angles and stories. A recent article even focused on her opinions about condoms, showcasing the level of scrutiny she is under during this high-profile case.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890927_2_70_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890927.2.70.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622814400
7495,28,09,1989,"‘Safe Sex’ Programme Defended By Producer (Press, 28 September 1989)","In a news story from 28 September 1989, tensions arise over a television special titled ""Safer Sex,"" set to air on TVNZ Channel Two. The show's producer, Dave Gibson, asserts that he has no concerns about potential breaches of the Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act, despite criticisms from moral campaigner Miss Patricia Bartlett. Bartlett and her Society for the Promotion of Community Standards are urging parents to contact the police if their children under 16 watch the programme without their permission, as they believe it will contravene legal restrictions regarding advice on contraceptive use for minors. Miss Bartlett claims that segments of the show, which include instructions on buying and fitting condoms, could be illegal. However, Gibson contends that he and TVNZ have thoroughly consulted legal experts and had determined that the programme complies with the law. He dismisses Bartlett's objections as a reactionary stance, noting that the focus of the show is on utilising condoms to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, rather than solely as a contraceptive measure. This distinction, he argues, contributes to the legality of the broadcast. The programme is designed specifically for a younger audience and is slated for prime time viewing at 8.35 p.m. It will feature a studio audience of young individuals learning about condom application using props, alongside discussions on healthy sexual relationships and tips for avoiding venereal diseases. Additionally, the show aims to empower young women to assertively decline unwanted sexual advances. In response, Miss Bartlett expresses her disapproval, suggesting that the portrayal of sexuality in the programme is inappropriate and vulgar, and claims that only a minor part of the content addresses the issue of abstaining from sex. She states that if her organisation had greater financial resources, they would pursue an injunction against the broadcast. In her view, TVNZ and the Health Department, which partly funds the programme, should prioritise promoting chastity as an effective measure against venereal diseases instead. Bartlett's organisation is also awaiting a decision from the Broadcasting Tribunal regarding a complaint against a previous British programme on A.I.D.S., which aired in 1987. At that time, the former Broadcasting Corporation of TVNZ dismissed her complaint, stating that it did not violate standards for good taste and decency. The controversy surrounding ""Safer Sex"" points to a broader societal tension over sexual education and the rights of young people in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890928_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890928.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,622900800
7412,30,09,1989,"Fear Campaigns ‘less Effective’ (Press, 30 September 1989)","A study from Canterbury University has revealed that high-fear AIDS campaigns in New Zealand are less effective than neutral educational information and can foster homophobic attitudes. Conducted by Doug Bailey, a policy analyst at the New Zealand State Services Commission, and Professor Ken Strongman, head of psychology at the university, the research involved surveys from 204 university students and 34 individuals attending the STD clinic at Christchurch Hospital. The findings indicated that using fear as a tactic for changing attitudes in public health is not only ill-advised but may also be counterproductive. The study strongly supports the current trend in New Zealand AIDS education, which moves away from the fear-driven narratives exemplified by campaigns like the Grim Reaper. The survey results highlighted a concerning relationship between AIDS awareness and negative attitudes, particularly among young men who predominantly associated AIDS with homosexuality. This association contributed to increased homophobia within this demographic. Nearly 25% of the surveyed participants displayed negative and misguided beliefs regarding individuals living with AIDS and the prevention of the disease. In response to these findings, the Health Department has already begun to reduce the fear factor in its AIDS education initiatives since the era of grim-themed campaigns.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19890930_2_119.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19890930.2.119,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623073600
7461,02,10,1989,"Customs Seizes Safe Sex Book (Press, 2 October 1989)","On 2 October 1989, it was reported that the New Zealand Customs Department had seized 99 copies of a book deemed indecent, titled ""Modem Girl’s Guide to Safe Sex,"" authored by Australian cartoonist Kaz Cooke. The seizure occurred on 21 September, and the publishers, McPhee Gribble, were informed via facsimile about this decision in the following week. The book had successfully sold around 10,000 copies across Australia and New Zealand since its release a year prior, and the recent shipment was intended to replenish declining stock levels in New Zealand. Cooke expressed her disbelief over the Customs Department's decision, labelling it absurd and suggesting that it was counterproductive by denying essential sexual health information to New Zealand women. She stated that the book contained sensible advice developed in consultation with medical professionals and illustrated through the adventures of a character named Hermoine. Cooke emphasised that the information within the book could potentially prevent serious health issues, including infertility and cervical cancer. In her remarks, Cooke pointed out that health organisations in Australia, including the New South Wales and Victorian Health Departments, had sought her contributions for their public awareness campaigns against unprotected sex. This further reflected the book's credibility and importance in promoting safe sex practices. The publisher, Hilary McPhee, voiced her strong disapproval of the seizure, noting that they had been instructed by customs to cease selling the book in New Zealand. McPhee indicated that McPhee Gribble intended to formally appeal the decision and was committed to raising the matter with New Zealand authorities. Additionally, McPhee highlighted the book's international recognition and mentioned plans to publish it in the United States later in the year.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891002_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891002.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623246400
7496,02,10,1989,"Warning On Condom Failures (Press, 2 October 1989)","On 2 October 1989, Miss Patricia Bartlett, the director of the Society for the Promotion of Community Standards, voiced concerns regarding the effectiveness of condoms in ensuring safe sex. She accused the Health Department of neglecting its responsibility to inform the public about the limitations and failure rates of condom usage. Citing an article from the 'New Zealand Medical Journal', Bartlett highlighted that individuals with even a basic understanding of the mechanical properties of thin membranes would doubt the claim that condom use guarantees safe sex. She argued that relying solely on a thin layer of latex in demanding mechanical situations poses significant risks for preventing the transmission of serious infectious agents. Furthermore, she referenced research indicating that condoms had failed to prevent the transmission of HIV in three out of 18 couples. Bartlett's comments raise important questions about public health messaging and the perceived reliability of condoms as a protective measure against sexually transmitted infections.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891002_2_110_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891002.2.110.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623246400
6480,03,10,1989,"Gay Couples Legally Marry (Press, 3 October 1989)","On 3 October 1989, Copenhagen Town Hall was the site of a historic event as Denmark celebrated its first official homosexual weddings, enabled by a new law allowing civil marriage for same-sex couples. This law marked a significant milestone, making Denmark the first country in the world to grant gay individuals rights similar to those enjoyed by heterosexual couples in areas such as inheritance, housing, tax, separation, and divorce, although limitations remained for certain aspects like adoption and artificial insemination. Among the first couples to wed were Ivan, a 42-year-old clergyman, and Ove, a psychologist. Their ceremony was officiated by the Mayor of Copenhagen, Tom Aahlberg, and took place amidst an enthusiastic crowd of approximately 1,000 spectators, which included members of parliament, media representatives, and friends. The occasion was marked by an air of celebration, complete with confetti and champagne, as the couple exchanged vows and shared a traditional kiss, albeit with some adaptations to the standard ceremony to reflect the new legal framework. The presence of Ove’s children from a previous heterosexual marriage added a personal touch to the event. His daughter, Maria, aged 10, expressed happiness for her father's joy, while his son, Andreas, voiced concerns about potential teasing from classmates. While the new law has offered significant advancements in rights for same-sex couples in Denmark, provisions regarding child adoption and custody remain limited. To prevent an influx of foreign couples seeking to marry in Denmark, the authorities stipulated that at least one partner must be a Danish national residing in the country. Claus Rosholm, the director of the common law section at the Justice Ministry, also indicated that homosexual marriages would not gain recognition in countries where such unions are oppositional to fundamental legal principles. Overall, the introduction of the law signified a progressive step towards equality for the LGBTQ+ community in Denmark, while simultaneously highlighting the social and legal challenges that still lie ahead.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891003_2_57_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891003.2.57.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623332800
7497,05,10,1989,"‘Safe Sex’ (Press, 5 October 1989)","In response to a critic, P.B. Wye defended Miss Bartlett's adherence to Christian principles, arguing that such values have remained unchanged since the era of Moses. Wye contended that the moral decay observed in modern society is attributable to a combination of self-deceit, selfishness, and a general departure from religious faith among many in the Western world. The letter expressed concern that contemporary distractions are contributing to the erosion of meaningful moral standards, suggesting that this decline affects not only sexual ethics but extends to all of God's laws. Furthermore, Wye warned of the potential for severe ecological disasters stemming from this moral and spiritual decline. The letter was dated October 1, 1989.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891005_2_81_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891005.2.81.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623505600
7378,06,10,1989,"Radio Applauded Over Donnelly (Press, 6 October 1989)","On 6 October 1989, the Broadcasting Tribunal in Wellington expressed its support for Radio Pacific in Auckland, commending the station for resisting efforts by the Credo Society to have talkback host Father Felix Donnelly removed from the air. The tribunal's judgment addressed complaints made by the society's secretary, Mrs Barbara Faithfull, which originated two years prior. It was noted that both the current managing director, Mr Derek Lowe, and his predecessor, Mr Gordon Dryden, had taken a firm stance against what the tribunal characterised as anti-democratic and suppressive attitudes presented by the conservative Christian group. The complaints primarily centred around Radio Pacific's refusal to allow the Credo Society a chance to respond to criticisms made by talkback callers during broadcasts on 21 and 28 June. The tribunal found the complaints to be unpersuasive and ruled against them, stating that they could not be upheld. Mrs Faithfull had labelled the criticisms directed at her as false and malicious. However, the tribunal reviewed a newsletter that was a point of contention in one of the calls and described it as featuring character assassination, denigration, and guilt by association, which they regarded as propaganda tactics. The tribunal was particularly concerned about the Credo Society's apparent aim to misuse the complaints process to harass Radio Pacific to the point of necessitating the removal of Father Donnelly from his position. Additionally, the tribunal highlighted improper actions, including attempts to jam Radio Pacific's switchboards during Father Donnelly’s show, hampering the station’s operations. The tribunal noted that Mrs Faithfull’s failure to denounce these activities raised significant questions about the society’s credibility. Overall, the Broadcasting Tribunal's ruling signalled a robust defence of free speech and the independence of broadcasting against pressures from organised groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891006_2_151_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891006.2.151.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623592000
7498,07,10,1989,"‘Guide To Safe Sex’ Released (Press, 7 October 1989)","On 7 October 1989, copies of the book ""The Modern Girl’s Guide to Safe Sex,"" written by Australian author Kaz Cooke, were released for sale by the Indecent Publications Tribunal after being seized by Customs at Auckland Airport. A total of ninety-nine copies had been confiscated prior to the tribunal's decision. The tribunal stipulated that the sale of the book would be limited to individuals aged 16 and over. Kaz Cooke expressed disappointment over the age restriction, noting that many individuals under the age of 16 also require access to the information contained in the book. She suggested that their grandmothers might purchase it for them as a Christmas gift or that they could borrow it from peers. Hilary McPhee, the publisher, welcomed the tribunal's decision and expressed hope that women would assist in ensuring the book reached those who need it most.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891007_2_62.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891007.2.62,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623678400
7056,07,10,1989,"Penelope Goes To Moscow (Press, 7 October 1989)","""The Beginning Of Spring"" by Penelope Fitzgerald, published by Collins in 1989, offers a compelling narrative set in Moscow during 1913, before the onset of the Russian Revolution. The protagonist, Frank Reid, navigates personal and societal upheaval in a rapidly changing world. Frank is portrayed as a printworks owner who faces familial challenges after being deserted by his wife while simultaneously caring for his children. In his quest for solace and connection, he embarks on a tumultuous affair with Lisa, a complex character who embodies the impending transformations that will soon engulf Russia. A. K. Grant's review highlights Fitzgerald's extraordinary ability to evoke the atmosphere of early 20th-century Moscow, despite her likely lack of firsthand experience in the city. The narrative successfully immerses readers in a rich, vividly described environment that feels familiar and substantive, showcasing Fitzgerald’s talent for creating a sense of place that resonates deeply. The political context of the story serves as a backdrop rather than the focal point, allowing the romantic and personal elements of Frank’s life to take precedence. The review underscores the book’s emotional depth and the elegance with which Fitzgerald marries human experience with the historical setting. It reflects on how the story illustrates the potential of literature to transcend time and geography, enabling readers to feel as if they have lived in the world Fitzgerald depicts. Ultimately, ""The Beginning Of Spring"" is celebrated not only for its storyline but also for its profound engagement with the human imagination and its reflections on life during a pivotal moment in history.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891007_2_121_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891007.2.121.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623678400
7584,09,10,1989,"Zimbabwe’s A.i.d.s. Disaster (Press, 9 October 1989)","A report from Harare in Zimbabwe highlights the significant public health threat posed by A.I.D.S. as the epidemic unfolds within the country. The article notes the prevalence of public awareness campaigns, such as posters declaring ""A.I.D.S. is everyone’s problem"" and promoting faith as a source of hope. Despite avoiding some of the harsher measures seen in neighbouring Kenya, where infected individuals face isolation, Zimbabwe takes pride in its blood-transfusion services, being one of the earliest nations to screen blood for H.I.V. since 1985. The official statistics regarding H.I.V. infection rates face scrutiny, with the actual number of cases likely underestimated. The data surrounding mortality rates indicates that many deaths from A.I.D.S. can be attributed to infections that occurred in the early 1980s when awareness of the disease was limited. An unnamed government official suggested that approximately 250,000 Zimbabweans may have been infected by 1987, and projections indicate that the infection rate could potentially affect as many as one million individuals, accounting for a quarter of the adult population. This figure could reflect previous trends in other African nations where infection rates have doubled within a single year during the early stages of the epidemic. As the crisis developed further, Zimbabwe's government reportedly attempted to manipulate the reported death toll, lowering the official figures significantly due to concerns about tourism and international perceptions. However, there have been recent improvements in public education efforts, including village workshops and training for traditional healers on A.I.D.S. Prevention strategies, such as the distribution of condoms, are noted to be insufficient, with cultural resistance contributing to the low uptake among the population. Despite the municipal authority providing a substantial number of condoms, the distribution is not enough to combat the spread of other sexually transmitted infections associated with H.I.V. The article also expresses concerns over the dynamics of sexual behaviour in Zimbabwe, citing the history of polygamy which may lead to increased promiscuity. Traditional practices and attitudes toward marriage are shifting, and there are indications that men may be seeking partners beyond their marital commitments. This changing sexual landscape, combined with high rates of infection among mobile populations such as truck drivers and army personnel, creates an environment in which the virus is likely to proliferate. Healthcare professionals estimate that a significant number of the nation’s wealthiest men could be infected with H.I.V., highlighting the widespread nature of the epidemic across socio-economic boundaries. In summary, the report underscores the complexities of addressing the A.I.D.S. epidemic in Zimbabwe, where cultural factors, government responses, and public health challenges converge to create a critical health crisis, with potentially serious implications for the future health of the population.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891009_2_67.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891009.2.67,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623847600
7151,10,10,1989,"The Beast Of Wapping Emerges From His Lair (Press, 10 October 1989)","The ""Observer"" has published a profile on Kelvin MacKenzie, the editor of London's notorious tabloid newspaper, the ""Sun."" This piece highlights MacKenzie's efforts to rebrand the ""Sun"" and shed its negative image amidst his controversial leadership. MacKenzie, who has previously remained largely reclusive, hosted a lunch for media journalists, signalling a desire for transparency and a change in the paper's public perception. MacKenzie, who is described as having a tumultuous personality, was born into a family with a strong journalism background. His father, Ian, had been a Japanese prisoner-of-war, which some believe may contribute to MacKenzie's aggressive newspaper tactics. Kelvin attended a fairly prestigious school, Alleyn’s, but was not inclined towards the élitism associated with it. Despite having left school with just one O-level, he began his career as a cub reporter and quickly climbed the ranks within various newspapers, ultimately taking the helm of the ""Sun"" in 1981 under Rupert Murdoch's ownership. The ""Sun,"" under MacKenzie's leadership, has become known for its brash and provocative headlines, embracing sensationalism that appeals to the masses. It has thrived during a time when tabloid journalism in the UK has faced scrutiny for ethical breaches and issues of public trust. Critics accuse the paper of degrading journalistic standards and perpetuating harmful narratives, particularly with negative portrayals of vulnerable individuals, such as a five-year-old boy suffering from health issues. MacKenzie is characterised by a combative and coarse approach to journalism, often using his outspoken nature and sharp humour to engage with both his staff and the public. His style has perpetuated a culture where the lines of ethical reporting are frequently blurred. Notably, MacKenzie has faced significant backlash for the ""Sun's"" coverage of events like the Hillsborough disaster, which resulted in a loss of respect from the public and other journalists. In response to increased criticism of the ""Sun"" and its practices, MacKenzie stated the need for the newspaper to acknowledge its mistakes, indicating a willingness to show contrition towards its critics. However, many remain sceptical of any genuine change and argue that real accountability would require drastic measures, such as his removal from the editor's position. MacKenzie embodies the archetypal tabloid editor—both celebrated and reviled, illustrating the complexities and contradictions of sensational journalism in modern Britain. As the ""Sun"" seeks to navigate a changing media landscape, MacKenzie stands at the forefront, embodying both the challenges and the charisma associated with tabloid reporting.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891010_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891010.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,623934000
7500,12,10,1989,"‘Safe Sex’ (Press, 12 October 1989)","In letters published in early October 1989, two individuals, Mark D. Sadler and Helen Holmes, expressed their concerns regarding moral standards and sexual education in New Zealand. Sadler responded to P. B. Wye's claims about declining morals and the influence of unchanging Christian principles. He questioned the historical accuracy of the Ten Commandments, pointing out similarities between Moses and Zoroaster’s narratives and suggesting that these stories might be fabrications. Sadler emphasised that while Zoroastrians uphold the commandment against killing, Moses commanded violence against enemies, highlighting a contradiction in the moral teachings attributed to him. Furthermore, he critiqued the religious fundamentalists’ opposition to population control measures, asserting that such resistance contributes to ecological disasters. In another letter, Helen Holmes recounted her experiences from the early 1960s, where she, alongside other women, engaged students, parents, and teachers in discussions about healthy development towards adulthood, particularly regarding responsible parenthood. Despite their efforts to provide explicit information on pregnancy prevention, they were wary of legal repercussions at the time. Holmes posed concerns about the continuing restrictive legal environment that hampers educators from effectively sharing information about contraception and preventing sexually transmitted diseases. She urged legislators to take responsibility and encourage the availability of educational resources, such as Kaz Cook’s ""Safe Sex,"" to ensure that young people receive accurate and necessary sexual education. Both letters reflect a growing desire for progress in moral discourse and education within New Zealand society amidst ongoing changes in cultural attitudes.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891012_2_96_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891012.2.96.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,624106800
7499,12,10,1989,"In Brief (Press, 12 October 1989)","On 12 October 1989, various news stories highlighted key issues affecting New Zealand. Minister of Finance Mr Caygill addressed concerns over the economy, stating it was not overheating despite forecasts indicating a rise in inflation rates. He emphasised that the economy was just starting to grow after a significant recession and cautioned that a dramatic shift from economic bust to boom was unlikely to occur overnight. Tragically, the article reported the death of Kathleen Tawaka, a woman who sustained serious injuries in a car accident in Christchurch. She was a front-seat passenger in a taxi mini-bus that collided with a car at the intersection of Manchester Street and St Asaph Street. Tawaka was ejected through the windscreen and succumbed to her injuries while in hospital. In educational matters, the Family Planning Association supported Minister of Women’s Affairs Mrs Shields's call for changes to laws that restricted sex education to individuals under 16. The association's president expressed concern over the confusion in New Zealand regarding ""safe sex"" education availability. This came amidst a controversy where Customs officers confiscated an educational book titled ""Safe Sex — a Modern Girl’s Guide,"" despite a relevant television programme being aired on the topic. Health Minister Ms Clark revealed that she was considering expanding a hepatitis B blood testing programme to include all children of school age, citing hepatitis B as a significant health issue. She highlighted a current testing programme at Owhata Primary School, which was only free for Māori children, and reiterated her stance against targeting specific ethnic groups for health screenings. In education funding matters, Opposition spokesperson Ms Jenny Shipley reported that redundancies within the Education Board and Education Department were expected to cost NZ$73 million. She raised concerns about current funding shortfalls, which she estimated at NZ$133 million, and indicated that the Minister of Education Mr Goff had claimed no additional funds were available, suggesting that this financial strain would need to be addressed in supplementary estimates. The police issued a warning to women after an indecent assault occurred in Hagley Park late on a Tuesday evening. A cyclist was attacked by a man who stopped her, grabbed her, and exposed himself before fleeing. Detective Senior-Sergeant Colin Dalzell advised the public to avoid walking or cycling through poorly lit areas at night and to travel in groups. Lastly, regarding environmental concerns, Minister of Research, Science and Technology Mr Tizard asserted that New Zealand could not evade growing global pressures related to the greenhouse gas emissions problem. During a meeting with the Coal Research Association, he urged the coal industry to address its harmful emissions and acknowledged that New Zealand would be subject to the same pressures as larger industrialised nations in managing environmental impact.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891012_2_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891012.2.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,624106800
6543,14,10,1989,"Life Under The Stone (Press, 14 October 1989)","""Blue Belle"" by Andrew Vachss, published in 1989, continues the author's exploration of the gritty and perilous underbelly of American life, characterised by his tough, morally driven protagonist, Burke. In this novel, Burke emerges as a hardened ex-con private investigator and bounty hunter, who is fiercely protective of vulnerable individuals, particularly young people. Known for his stoicism, Burke presents an exterior that masks his deeper emotional struggles and connections to those around him. Burke's world is one devoid of unnecessary embellishments; he confronts the harsh realities of New York life with a clinical detachment. Despite his attempts to construct a hardened sociopathic persona, he remains emotionally tied to his ""family""—a collective of diverse and loyal individuals who stand by him. This family includes characters such as Max the Silent, Mama, the Mole, the Prof, and Michelle—a transvestite and con artist—each contributing unique strengths to Burke’s mission. The plot centres on a sinister threat: a ghost van that hunts and victimises teenage prostitutes, drawing the attention of Burke and his allies. The pimps, feeling threatened by the van's occupants, use Belle—a dazzling dancer with her own traumatic past—to reach out to Burke for assistance. As they delve into the dangers of their environment, Burke focuses on protecting his loved ones and getting the better of his adversary, Mortay, a sociopath with formidable hand-to-hand combat skills. Ultimately, Vachss crafts a story that intertwines themes of loyalty, survival, and the grim realities of urban life, while redefining traditional notions of heroism and familial bonds. The narrative culminates in Burke rediscovers his purpose and enacts justice, putting a temporary stop to the exploitation in his world, all with Belle's unwavering support by his side.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891014_2_125_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891014.2.125.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,624279600
7501,18,10,1989,"‘Safe Sex' (Press, 18 October 1989)","In a letter published on 18 October 1989, P.B. Wye responds to Mark D. Sadler's claim from 12 October that the opposition of religious fundamentalists to population control is central to the world's ecological issues. Wye challenges this viewpoint, arguing instead that the root cause is human selfishness. He reflects on historical contexts, stating that the world's population and ecological concerns were not issues prior to the advent of modern birth control. Wye points out that Christianity promotes self-discipline in matters of sexuality, recalling that even the mere thought of adultery is considered sinful in Christian teachings. He contrasts his own experiences during World War II, where he spent years without contact with women, suggesting that this did not negatively affect him. Wye concludes that the focus of humanity should be on ideals such as goodness, justice, unselfishness, courtesy, and service, rather than on sexual satisfaction.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891018_2_101_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891018.2.101.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,624625200
7585,18,10,1989,"New A.i.d.s. Vaccine Boosts Immune System (Press, 18 October 1989)","An experimental AIDS vaccine has shown promising results in stimulating the immune system of individuals already infected with the AIDS virus, marking a significant breakthrough in treatment approaches. This development, reported on 18 October 1989, indicates that individuals who carry the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may potentially benefit from vaccination even before they exhibit symptoms of the disease. Franklin Volvovitz, chairman of MicroGeneSys Inc., the company behind the vaccine, expressed optimism about the findings, highlighting the vaccine's potential to modify the immune response in those chronically infected with HIV. Research conducted by a team from the United States Army revealed evidence of immune system responses in a small group of vaccinated individuals who received MicroGeneSys's genetically engineered vaccine, Vax Syn HIV-1. This information was shared during a meeting hosted by the National Cooperative Vaccine Development Group for AIDS in Florida. Dr. Robert R. Redfield, the team leader from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, described the therapeutic potential of HIV vaccines in treating early HIV infections as very encouraging. Amid these findings, the statement from MicroGeneSys noted that there were no observed toxic side effects in the vaccinated individuals, further supporting the vaccine's promise as a non-toxic treatment for early-stage AIDS patients. This research brings hope for improved management of HIV infections and highlights the importance of ongoing vaccine development efforts in the fight against AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891018_2_82_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891018.2.82.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,624625200
7586,21,10,1989,"H.i.v. Contact Survey (Press, 21 October 1989)","A survey conducted by Dr. Jane Chetwynd, a senior lecturer in community health at the Christchurch School of Medicine, revealed that a significant majority of New Zealand general practitioners (GPs) have engaged with patients regarding A.I.D.S. or H.I.V. infection. The survey, distributed to about 1000 GPs in 1988, garnered an 86 per cent response rate. Of those who responded, 95 per cent indicated they had encountered patients discussing A.I.D.S. or H.I.V. issues, while 86 per cent reported receiving at least one request for the H.I.V. antibody test. Dr. Chetwynd's findings, published in the ""New Zealand Medical Journal"" on 23 August 1989, highlight that the contact rate regarding A.I.D.S. is not limited to urban areas but is widespread across New Zealand. The data revealed that a small number of doctors were addressing a relatively high volume of A.I.D.S.-related cases, indicating that for these practitioners, concerns about H.I.V. had become a common issue among patients. Furthermore, Dr. Chetwynd pointed out that GPs play a crucial role in managing A.I.D.S.-related health concerns, not only for individuals who may be infected but also for the ""worried well"" — those anxious about potential infection who seek medical advice. The study also highlighted that referral practices varied among practitioners; only 3 per cent of GPs referred patients to specialised A.I.D.S. or sexually transmitted disease clinics, with 84 per cent making no referrals at all. Notably, referral rates were higher in cities like Christchurch, Wellington, and Auckland, and women doctors were more likely to refer patients than their male counterparts. Lastly, a common sentiment among the GPs surveyed was a desire for ongoing education and training related to A.I.D.S., indicating a readiness to enhance their understanding and management of the disease.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891021_2_46.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891021.2.46,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,624884400
6843,21,10,1989,"Strong Parts And Opinions For Rapid-fire Moody (Press, 21 October 1989)","In a profile by Francesca Price, Elizabeth Moody, a prominent figure in Christchurch's performing arts scene, is depicted as a dynamic and busy artist at the age of 51. Securing an interview with her proves challenging due to her packed schedule involving appointments, rehearsals, and recordings. Moody, who is known affectionately as Lizzy or Liz, is renowned for her energy and enthusiasm, demonstrating a fast-paced communication style that often leads to incomplete sentences. Moody's career in theatre commenced in her childhood, with her mother's influence evident as a founder of the Court Theatre in Christchurch. She began acting professionally as a teenager but faced difficulties during her early years with the touring company, the New Zealand Players. After a brief period in England working in the advertising sector at Vogue magazine, she returned to New Zealand to pursue her theatrical career once more. She expressed feelings of both excitement and fear at her return, particularly during her debut role in ""Absurd Person Singular,"" which was a resounding success despite her ongoing battle with stage fright. Throughout her career, Moody has played various strong female roles, such as Mrs Bracknell in ""The Importance of Being Earnest"" and the eponymous character in Bruce Mason's ""Blood of the Lamb."" Notably, she has a fondness for comedy, maintaining that making people laugh brings her the most joy in her craft. Her transition to directing came after years of acting, successfully helming productions including ""Cranway Rd."" and ""Burn This"" at the Court Theatre. Moody acknowledges the appeal of lighter, comedic theatre, seeing value in performance that attracts large audiences without denigrating the artistic merit. Moody's directorial style emphasizes the importance of language in theatre, strongly opposing what she perceives as divisive changes in language due to militant feminism. This perspective reflects her passion for the richness of language and her reluctance to accept changes that might dilute its essence. Moody's reputation for forthrightness and her eccentric character have earned her both admiration and criticism, with peers describing her as ""mad"" in an endearing way. Aside from her theatrical contributions, Moody also hosts a talkback radio show on Radio Avon, where her wit and candid nature have made the programme popular despite a rocky start. Her success was somewhat serendipitous, arising from a compelling public speech at a school prize-giving, which led to her being offered the hosting role. In summary, Elizabeth Moody's multifaceted career encompasses acting, directing, and radio hosting, characterised by her passion for comedy and strong opinions on the arts and language. Her contributions to the Christchurch theatre community are significant, illustrating her status as a beloved and influential personality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891021_2_121_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891021.2.121.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,624884400
7502,23,10,1989,"Safe Sex (Press, 23 October 1989)","Catherine Glue responds to P. B. Wye's points regarding ecological issues and celibacy in a letter published on 23 October 1989. She highlights Wye's assertion that the world's ecological problems stem largely from selfishness and notes that celibacy is a viable and non-harmful choice. However, Glue challenges the claim that historical periods did not face ecological and over-population issues due to greater self-discipline. She argues that the limitations of technology in the past kept environmental damage in check, and that deadly epidemics helped control population growth. Glue advocates for the modern application of scientific innovation to environmental protection, similarly to how it was historically used for exploitation. She emphasises the importance of effective family planning, paralleling it with the necessity for death control measures. Furthermore, she acknowledges that many individuals will be sexually active regardless of their circumstances or knowledge, underscoring the necessity for education regarding sexual health and consequences. Glue supports the “Safe Sex” programme as a crucial initiative to provide this essential knowledge, enabling individuals to make informed decisions regarding their sexual activity.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891023_2_83_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891023.2.83.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,625057200
6481,24,10,1989,"Defence Backing For Gay Ban (Press, 24 October 1989)","On 24 October 1989, a report by a military research centre recommending that the United States Armed Forces reassess their policy prohibiting homosexuals from serving was rejected by the Defence Department. The ""New York Times"" highlighted that a senior official described the draft report as flawed, offensive, and a misuse of government resources in an internal memo. This correspondence expressed concerns that the report exceeded its intended scope by not only assessing security risks associated with homosexuals in the military, but also questioning their overall suitability for military service. The Defence Department has maintained that individuals engaging in homosexual behaviour threaten the “discipline, good order and morale” within the armed forces. This stance was formalised in 1982 when the policy was broadened to encompass not just those engaging in homosexual acts but also individuals considered to have a “propensity” toward such behaviour.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891024_2_62_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891024.2.62.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,625143600
7825,27,10,1989,"On Screen (Press, 27 October 1989)","On 27 October 1989, various films were highlighted for their unique qualities and viewer appeal, showcasing a blend of fantasy, drama, comedy, and more. ""Wings of Desire,"" directed by Wim Wenders, portrays Berlin from an angel's perspective, presenting a narrative filled with enchantment as an angel contemplates becoming human. ""Salaam Bombay!"" offers a profound look at the life of a street child in the red-light district of Bombay, weaving a vivid tapestry of hardship amidst colourful surroundings. The film is noted as one of the year's best. Celebrating its fiftieth anniversary, ""Gone With the Wind,"" helmed by David O. Selznick, brings back Clark Gable and Vivien Leigh, exploring themes of love and ambition in the Deep South, solidifying its status as a beloved classic. ""Dead Poets Society"" features Robin Williams as a progressive teacher at a private school, striving to enrich his students' lives, and is labelled a feel-good movie, appealing to those seeking inspiration. Other films drawing attention include ""Pathfinder,"" which prompts viewers to seek further details, and ""Aria,"" a collection of opera's celebrated arias reimagined by 18 esteemed directors, including Ken Russell and Robert Altman. ""Salome’s Last Dance,"" another Ken Russell project, delves into Oscar Wilde's essence while presenting itself as an enjoyable curiosity. In the realm of comedy, ""Turner and Hooch"" stars Tom Hanks alongside a comically slobbering mastiff, while ""The Gods Must Be Crazy H"" revisits the format that made the original a success, featuring more amusing escapades in the bushmen’s land. A satirical take emerges in ""Eat the Rich,"" where the creators of ""The Young Ones"" craft an absurd film about a restaurant serving human flesh, marked by its offbeat humour despite its questionable taste. ""Blind Fury"" sees Rutger Hauer as a blind samurai on a cross-country adventure, while ""Hannah’s War"" invites curiosity with a brief mention. Finally, ""Fletch Lives"" brings Chevy Chase back in his comedic role with additional characters, set against the backdrop of the Deep South, and ""No Holds Barred"" features wrestling superstar Hulk Hogan making his cinematic debut. This collection of films highlights the diversity of cinematic offerings available, ranging from serious dramas to quirky comedies, appealing to a wide audience and showcasing the creativity of filmmakers at the time.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891027_2_119_19.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891027.2.119.19,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,625402800
7503,28,10,1989,"Safe Sex (Press, 28 October 1989)","On 28 October 1989, a debate emerged in response to letters published in a New Zealand newspaper regarding the relevance of self-discipline in sexual matters within Christianity. Mark D. Sadler responded to P. B. Wye's assertion that Christianity promotes self-discipline, arguing that the Bible's teachings include harsh measures against women who cannot prove their virginity, citing an example from the Old Testament wherein such women could face death by stoning. Sadler suggested that many Christians overlook the historical links between Christianity and Zoroastrianism and feel burdened by Old Testament moralities. He concurred with Wye's call for men to uphold values like goodness, justice, and service, but he took issue with the idea that sexual satisfaction should not be pursued. According to Sadler, there is no inherent conflict between achieving sexual satisfaction and living a virtuous life. He also noted that while Wye claimed that population growth was not a problem in the past, this was before significant medical advancements eliminated many fatal diseases. Catherine Glue had previously argued against self-discipline as a relevant factor in earlier population control. In contrast, Sadler contended that modern Western culture overly endorses sexual freedom, which did not hold true in Victorian times when societal norms were stricter, and there was more emphasis on Christian values. He warned against the notion that sexual latitude necessarily contributes to human happiness, asserting that it often results in negative emotional outcomes like disillusionment and heartbreak. Furthering the discussion, Wye introduced a controversial standpoint on population control, advocating for measures such as vasectomies or castration for individuals deemed dangerously violent or irrational, particularly for rapists. Wye posited that while surgical means may be a last resort for controlling population growth, it was essential to consider the implications of allowing certain individuals to reproduce after committing serious crimes. Overall, the letters highlighted a divergence of opinions regarding sexuality, morality, and the implications of contemporary societal attitudes on these issues, raising complex questions about the intersection of ethics, faith, and personal freedom.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891028_2_117_6.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891028.2.117.6,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,625489200
7073,01,11,1989,"Better Than The Real Thing (Press, 1 November 1989)","On 1 November 1989, Jane Dunbar reported on the unexpected enthusiasm surrounding the play ""Ladies' Night"" at the James Hay Theatre in Christchurch. The audience, typically characterised as conservative, was drawn in by the comedic and provocative nature of the production, which features a cast of Kiwi men engaging in strip-tease dancing. The theatre was filled with a blend of elegant patrons and office workers, many of whom appeared initially hesitant about attending a performance centered around such risqué material. The play, which runs for three hours, quickly transformed the audience from a quiet group into one that's actively engaged, laughing, cheering, and applauding throughout. John Farnsworth from ""The Press"" described ""Ladies' Night"" as a rare and professionally produced New Zealand script that highlights Kiwi culture, particularly men’s attitudes toward sexuality. The production cleverly satirises male behaviour, offering perspectives on the complexities of gender relations, which many in the audience found both relatable and enlightening. Dr Ken Harris, a drama lecturer from the University of Canterbury, praised the play for its critical yet humorous exploration of New Zealand society, suggesting that it provides more insightful commentary than many films and theatre pieces. He noted that the work addresses sexual repression with a progressive angle, including a portrayal of friendships with a drag queen, an element surprisingly absent in many mainstream narratives considering New Zealand's societal views on homosexuality. Despite the feminist implications of the play's satire, Dr Harris acknowledged the limited roles for women, highlighting an irony where the male performers maintain a assertive presence despite being objectified. The anticipation built throughout the performance, culminating in a grand finale that featured vibrant choreography and high-energy striptease routines, surprised many attendees including those sceptical about the concept of a male strip show. Audience members reported enjoying themselves immensely, with one businessman noting he hadn't laughed so much in years. As the characters in the play engage in humorous attempts to understand and fulfil female fantasies, they are ultimately guided by a seasoned tease-dancer named Glenda. Her insights not only help them become better entertainers but also illustrate the comedic dynamics of gender and eroticism. The show has demonstrated commercial success, with over 36,600 tickets sold and more than 120 performances since its debut in June. Despite physical demands on the cast, with reports of injuries during the tour, the performers are committed to delivering a top-quality experience free from sleaze, focusing instead on entertainment and artistry. Audience reactions ranged from laughter to enthusiastic applause, often crossing generational and social lines, which contributed to the play's unique charm. The final notes from the night conveyed that ""Ladies' Night"" transcended typical male strip shows, offering a refreshing mix of humour, social commentary, and skilled performance, leaving many keen to return for more.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891101_2_103_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891101.2.103.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,625834800
6482,01,11,1989,"Johnson Book (Press, 1 November 1989)","Don Johnson's sister, Jamie Skylar, has expressed her intention to write a book detailing allegations of physical abuse she suffered as a child at the hands of the actor. Additionally, she claims that Johnson had previously been involved in drug dealing and had homosexual experiences. Skylar, aged 37, views the book as a form of therapy for herself, as well as a means to connect with Johnson, who has distanced himself from her for the past two years. A representative for Johnson responded to the allegations by stating that these accusations are not new, suggesting that they arise sporadically, and indicated that the actor would not engage further with Skylar's claims.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891101_2_59.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891101.2.59,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,625834800
7504,03,11,1989,"Famous Tell Of Experiences (Press, 3 November 1989)","""Heavy Petting,"" a unique film set to screen at the Regent at 5.45 p.m. from Sunday, presents an unconventional blend of personal sexual revelations and educational themes reminiscent of the sex education films from the 1950s and 1960s. The film features notable figures like David Byrne, Allan Ginsberg, and Laurie Mostell discussing their early experiences with dating, kissing, and more intimate encounters, culminating in a candid exploration of sexuality. Created by Obie Benz, who is also known for the cult classic ""Atomic Cafe,"" the film aims to satirise the serious undertones of sexual education by juxtaposing personal anecdotes with the gravity of past sex education films. Benz acknowledges the unusual style of the film, mentioning that they have yet to find the perfect term to describe it, tentatively calling it “docutainment.” He emphasises that the film carries an important message advocating for the idea that ""petting is safe sex."" Through its offbeat approach, ""Heavy Petting"" seeks to entertain while providing insight into the complexities of human relationships and sexuality.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891103_2_117_16.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891103.2.117.16,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626007600
6483,04,11,1989,"Abortion Debate Revived (Press, 4 November 1989)","On 4 November 1989, a new bill aiming to amend the Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act has sparked renewed debates around abortion in New Zealand, thrusting the issue back into parliamentary focus just ahead of the upcoming General Election. The bill, sponsored by the Minister of Health, Ms. Clark, aims to simplify the process for obtaining an abortion, although it does not change the legal grounds under which abortions can be granted. As the political landscape evolves, the bill's sponsors face challenges in framing the discussion as one centred on health and equity rather than reigniting moral debates about abortion. Throughout 1989, New Zealand’s Parliament has encountered numerous conscience issues, with topics ranging from alcohol laws to gambling regulations dominating the discourse. The abortion debate stands out for its complexity, primarily due to the legal status of the foetus and the societal implications surrounding it. The amendment proposes a new process for abortion approval, allowing two doctors to authorise an abortion as long as one is an obstetrician or gynaecologist. It also seeks to eliminate existing restrictions on providing contraceptive advice to those under 16. These changes were motivated by recommendations from the Abortion Supervisory Committee, which emphasised the need for better access and education to reduce unwanted pregnancies. The introduction of the bill comes amidst rising anti-abortion sentiments inspired by movements in the United States, where significant political efforts have been made to restrict abortion rights. Notably, while legal challenges to the Roe v. Wade decision have intensified, New Zealand’s approach displays a contrasting trajectory, aiming to broaden access rather than limit it. Opposition to the bill has surfaced forcefully, with anti-abortion activists suggesting that it could lead to abortion on demand, undermining existing restrictions. Critics within Parliament have expressed concern that the bill's provisions will allow women to seek out accommodating doctors, further complicating the debate. While Parliament has demonstrated caution with prior moral issues — such as the decision on the legal drinking age — the future of this bill remains uncertain. The recent first reading passed with a notable margin, indicating some support but revealing a split among members on the abortion-related implications. Some politicians acknowledge the social responsibility of ensuring equitable access to reproductive health services, as highlighted by supporters of the bill who argue that women in rural areas especially struggle to obtain necessary services. However, opponents maintain that legislative changes threaten to revive contentious moral arguments about abortion, an issue both politicians and the public may prefer to avoid. As the debate unfolds, the sponsors of the Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Amendment Bill will need to navigate a complex landscape of moral convictions, public sentiment, and health advocacy to secure its passage in the face of a highly polarised opinion on abortion rights in New Zealand.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891104_2_103.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891104.2.103,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626094000
7505,06,11,1989,"Safe Sex (Press, 6 November 1989)","In a correspondence published on 6 November 1989, a discussion unfolded between two writers, Mark Sadler and P. B. Wye, regarding the moral implications of sexual behaviour in modern society. P. B. Wye responded to Sadler's previous commentary by addressing the historical context of the Old Testament, suggesting it reflects the gradual understanding of God's nature by the Jews amid a savage world. Wye posited that while humanity has achieved significant technical progress since the Industrial Revolution, moral development has not kept pace. He highlighted pressing social issues such as venereal diseases, AIDS, rising rates of illegitimacy, and the breakdown of family structures, attributing these challenges to a materialistic mindset and permissive attitudes towards sexuality. Wye questioned whether Sadler found the state of the world, particularly in the United States where pornography is described as both addictive and a major industry with a market value of S2OB to S3OB, acceptable. He implied that the current sexual latitude contributes to disillusionment and heartbreak in relationships. In a follow-up letter, Mark D. Sadler acknowledged Wye’s concerns but offered a somewhat more optimistic perspective. He agreed that a first sexual relationship tends to create stronger emotional bonds compared to subsequent affairs and stressed the significance of taking such experiences seriously. Sadler pointed out the financial burden the government faces due to the high costs of supporting solo parents resulting from failed relationships. He called for a more thoughtful approach from politicians, advocating for investment not only in research on educational programmes like “Safe Sex” but also in exploring the various consequences of differing sexual morality and behaviour. He suggested that producing realistic, well-researched erotic films could shed light on the complexities surrounding sexuality and improve understanding in this critical area of human life. The exchange highlights the tension between evolving social mores regarding sex and the associated societal challenges, reflecting a concern for both emotional and moral considerations in the landscape of contemporary relationships.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891106_2_63_13.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891106.2.63.13,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626266800
7587,07,11,1989,"Age Hastens A.i.d.s. Development—study (Press, 7 November 1989)","A recent study has revealed that A.I.D.S. may develop more than three times faster in older individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (H.I.V.) compared to adolescents and children. This research, published in the ""New England Journal of Medicine,"" is the largest of its kind to assess the risk of developing A.I.D.S. based on the age at which a person is infected with H.I.V. The findings indicate that A.I.D.S. can take up to a decade to manifest in infected individuals. The study examined 1,219 haemophiliacs, particularly focusing on 319 who developed H.I.V. antibodies at a known point in time. James Goedert, an A.I.D.S. co-ordinator at the National Cancer Institute and director of the study, noted that previous research suggested that gay men, who are significantly affected by the virus, develop A.I.D.S. at comparable rates to haemophiliacs. The results demonstrated that 13.3% of haemophiliacs infected with H.I.V. before age 18 developed A.I.D.S. within eight years. In contrast, 26.8% of those aged 18 to 34 and a staggering 43.7% of individuals aged 35 to 70 developed the disease in the same time frame. The study further indicated that children and adolescents showed a notably lower incidence of A.I.D.S. following the loss of a core H.I.V. protein, which is correlated with A.I.D.S. development in adults. Goedert highlighted the urgent need for careful monitoring of older adults infected with H.I.V. due to their elevated risk of progressing to full-blown A.I.D.S. Although the precise reasons for the faster progression of A.I.D.S. in older adults remain unclear, Goedert theorised that their immune systems might be less capable of responding effectively due to prior exposure to various infections. According to estimates from the United States Centres for Disease Control in Atlanta, between one million and 1.5 million Americans are currently living with H.I.V., with about 50% projected to develop full-blown A.I.D.S. within a ten-year span.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891107_2_159_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891107.2.159.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626353200
7231,08,11,1989,"A.I.D.S. Aid: Transfusions (Press, 8 November 1989)","On 8 November 1989, it was reported that Medicorp Inc., a Canadian drug company based in Montreal, has patented a new treatment for A.I.D.S. sufferers known as passive hyperimmune therapy (P.H.T.). This therapy is said to have none of the toxic side effects associated with the most widely used A.I.D.S. medication, A.Z.T. The United States patent was granted to Medicorp the previous week for this innovative therapy, which was originally developed by Dr Abraham Karpas from Cambridge University in Britain. Medicorp acquired exclusive rights to the P.H.T. shortly after its development. The therapy is still undergoing clinical studies, but it was tested on nine A.I.D.S. patients at St Stephen's Hospital in London in 1988. Remarkably, after 15 months of treatment, six of these patients showed no detectable trace of the A.I.D.S. virus in their blood. The P.H.T. treatment involves transfusions of blood plasma taken from individuals who are infected with H.I.V., the virus responsible for A.I.D.S., but who do not exhibit symptoms of the disease. This donated plasma is believed to be rich in antibodies which, when infused into patients suffering from A.I.D.S., may help to eliminate the virus from their system. The promising results from preliminary testing have generated significant interest regarding the potential of this therapy as a safer alternative for A.I.D.S. treatment.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891108_2_72_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891108.2.72.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626439600
6485,08,11,1989,"Campaign Targets Students’ Attitudes To... (Press, 8 November 1989)","The National Youth Council of New Zealand has launched an informational campaign aimed at influencing students' attitudes towards sexuality, particularly encouraging acceptance of homosexuality and lesbianism. The initiative is designed to combat societal pressures on young people to adhere to heterosexual norms. As stated by council spokesman James Nihoniho, the campaign will affirm that it is acceptable to be gay but will not promote homosexuality actively. The council is supportive of proposed amendments to the Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act, which would allow for sexual education and contraception information to be provided to individuals under the age of 16. Nihoniho emphasises that even without these changes, disseminating this information remains critical, particularly as many students require access to knowledge about their sexuality. Some schools have agreed to distribute the informational materials—pamphlets, posters, and booklets—via guidance counsellors and libraries. However, opposition is anticipated from some provincial and rural schools, where the need for this information is especially pressing due to limited opportunities for gay and lesbian youth. In instances where schools refuse to distribute the materials, the council plans to provide them outside school premises. In a related development, the National Council on A.I.D.S. has expressed support for the proposed changes to the bill, with chairwoman Peggy Koopman-Boyden highlighting the rise in A.I.D.S. and other sexually transmitted diseases. She argues that the amendments are necessary to facilitate education programmes for under-16s, many of whom are already sexually active and at risk of contracting these diseases. She points out that the existing legislation, established in 1977, poses significant challenges to implementing effective educational initiatives for young people.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891108_2_86_3.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891108.2.86.3,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626439600
6484,08,11,1989,"Insurance Paid After Explosion (Press, 8 November 1989)","On 8 November 1989, it was reported that an insurance company reached a settlement with Kendall Truitt, a former sailor of the U.S.S. Iowa, paying him a sum of USD 200,000 (approximately NZD 169,000) in relation to the death of a fellow crewmate, Clayton Hartwig. The incident took place during an explosion aboard the ship that resulted in the deaths of 47 individuals on 19 April 1989. Although Mr Truitt was initially investigated due to the circumstances surrounding Hartwig's insurance policy, which named him as the beneficiary, he was ultimately cleared of any wrongdoing. The Navy has suggested that Hartwig may have intentionally caused the explosion as a means of suicide. Initial investigations raised issues regarding the nature of Truitt’s and Hartwig's relationship, with some leaks proposing that they may have had a homosexual relationship that had deteriorated. This speculation led to questions concerning Truitt's involvement in the tragic incident as the focus of the Navy's investigation. In response to these allegations, Truitt, who is married, categorically denied having any sexual relationship with Hartwig or being involved in the explosion. The outcome of the insurance claim settlement represents a significant financial resolution for Truitt amid the ongoing scrutiny and controversial context surrounding the deadly explosion.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891108_2_72_4.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891108.2.72.4,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626439600
6486,09,11,1989,"In Brief (Press, 9 November 1989)","On 9 November 1989, significant political developments were reported across various nations. In New York City, David Dinkins made history by becoming the first black Mayor, winning the election with a message of social conciliation that appealed to a multiracial coalition, including white liberals who had previously supported him in defeating the three-term incumbent, Edward Koch, in the Democratic primary held in September. Dinkins' victory over Republican candidate Rudolph Giuliani marked a notable shift in the city's political landscape. In the United States, President George Bush laid the groundwork for an upcoming Mediterranean summit with Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, stating that the transformative changes occurring in Eastern Europe are irreversible, hinting at a new era in international relations. Meanwhile, in Namibia, the country witnessed a successful commencement of a five-day election process aimed at independence, marking a significant step for Africa's last colony. Observers reported that voting was proceeding well, with high participation rates in the rural north, where crowds gathered at polling stations even before voting began. In Lebanon, the newly elected President Rene Muawad faced challenges in forming a national reconciliation Cabinet. Political insiders indicated that Muawad would need to engage in further consultations to incorporate leaders from the eastern Beirut Christian enclave, headed by Army chief General Michel Aoun. In the realm of drug trafficking, Bernardo Palaez Rodan, a convicted drug trafficker, received the maximum sentence of 15 years in prison after being extradited from Colombia. Alongside his imprisonment, he was also fined $525,000 for his involvement in a conspiracy to distribute a significant quantity of cocaine back in 1983. In Papua New Guinea, Prime Minister Rabie Namaliu retained his position after the Opposition withdrew a last-minute no-confidence vote in Parliament. The Opposition leader, Paias Wingti, had previously claimed sufficient support to challenge Namaliu's leadership. In the United Kingdom, the British Government intervened in response to a pay dispute affecting London's emergency ambulance service. Troops and police were deployed to operate the service after the ambulances' crews were suspended, with trained police personnel using basic medical equipment to assist. Additionally, a medical examination determined that noted playwright Oscar Wilde died from an ear infection that inflamed his brain, rather than syphilis as was commonly believed. This conclusion was drawn from the review of Wilde’s death certificate by Dr Macdonald Critchley, a neurologist. The Church of England's General Synod voted in favour of the ordination of women, a controversial issue within the church that had caused deep divisions. The Synod's vote, which passed by 323 to 180, indicated a potential shift in the church's practices, with a final decision expected no earlier than 1992. In Canada, a gay prisoner, Timothy Veysey, gained the right to apply for conjugal visits with his partner, marking an important development in the realm of constitutional rights for LGBTQ+ individuals. Federal Judge Jean Dube's ruling allowed for a 72-hour visit under specific conditions at Warkworth Prison in Ontario.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891109_2_66_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891109.2.66.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626526000
6487,13,11,1989,"Cable Briefs (Press, 13 November 1989)","On 13 November 1989, a variety of news stories were reported, highlighting events occurring around the world. One notable event was the seventh annual Short Fat Guys' Road Run held in Skaneateles, New York. This unique five-kilometre downhill race drew attention for its unconventional approach, as participants were allowed to use trucks to navigate any uphill portions. The event, which had been cancelled the previous year due to ""an unfortunate diet and fitness epidemic,"" attracted competitors based on a requirement that their waists must be at least 10cm larger than their in-seams. Organiser Dick Perry stated that participants would be carefully measured prior to the event. The race's relief stations featured appealing refreshments such as beer, pastries, candies, and cigars. In another story, the rock band Crosby, Stills and Nash performed a benefit concert in Santa Cruz, California, to assist in relief efforts following an earthquake that damaged the city on 17 October. The concerts raised more than US$21,000 (approximately NZ$36,206) for local aid agencies and took place at the Catalyst Nightclub, located near the devastated Pacific Garden Mall, where substantial damage occurred and three fatalities were reported. In Malaysia, a tragic incident saw a military helicopter crash in a northern region, resulting in the death of all 21 people on board. The Nuri helicopter was carrying three Air Force officers, 15 police personnel, one officer's wife, and two children when it disappeared in forested hilly terrain between Bilah and Gerah. The wreckage was later found, and no survivors were reported. A military-related story from the United States involved a collision between a Navy destroyer and a merchant ship in the Strait of Malacca, near Singapore. The incident resulted in one American sailor’s death and injuries to four others. Following the crash, several fires ignited aboard the destroyer but were quickly put out. The merchant vessel suffered significant damage, although there were no injuries reported among its crew. In a more somber account, Craig Spence, a lobbyist embroiled in a Washington sex scandal under federal investigation, was found dead in his hotel room in Boston. Spence, aged 49, had reportedly barricaded himself inside the Ritz-Carlton Hotel room, leading firefighters to use a saw to enter. Details surrounding his death were not disclosed by authorities. Spence had previously made headlines as a client of a homosexual escort service being scrutinised by federal agencies, and he faced legal troubles earlier in the year, including a felony weapons charge and a misdemeanor drug possession charge. These events capture a diverse snapshot of newsworthy happenings, along with the humour and tragedy intertwined in the stories of the day.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891113_2_54_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891113.2.54.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626871600
7588,14,11,1989,"A.i.d.s. Outlook ‘not Bright’ (Press, 14 November 1989)","On 14 November 1989, a World Health Organisation (W.H.O.) expert, Dr Jonathan Mann, shared insights on the escalating global AIDS crisis, emphasising that combating the disease would necessitate significant time, financial investment, and sustained efforts. He projected that by the year 2000, nearly 10 million people would be affected by acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Dr Mann, who leads W.H.O.'s AIDS programme, noted that information campaigns aimed at raising awareness about the disease have started to show positive outcomes, particularly among homosexual communities who have been disproportionately affected in Western countries. However, he warned that the situation was likely to worsen before it gets better, asserting that the 1990s would present greater challenges compared to the 1980s. Statistics from W.H.O. support Dr Mann's assertions. Since its identification in the United States in 1981, AIDS has rapidly spread around the globe, with some countries experiencing swift outbreaks. For instance, just months prior to the report, Thailand was considered almost free of the disease, but it has since recorded cases in 70 of its 73 provinces. The percentage of drug users in Bangkok who are affected has surged dramatically from one to 40 per cent since December 1987. Regions in Central and Eastern Africa have been particularly hard-hit; in some areas of Burundi and Uganda, the adult population aged between 20 and 40 has been decimated, leaving behind mainly the very young and elderly. The United States remains the hardest hit country, with an alarming rate of 400 cases per million. In Europe, Switzerland reports the highest incidence rate at 130 per million, followed closely by France at 120 and Denmark at 80. As of the report, W.H.O. had documented over 180,000 official AIDS cases, but due to issues such as misdiagnosis and delays in data collection, it is believed that the actual number could be closer to 600,000. Furthermore, an estimated five to ten million individuals might be living with the HIV virus, which leads to AIDS. Dr Mann's urgent call underscores the need for enhanced global awareness and commitment to fighting the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891114_2_126.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891114.2.126,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,626958000
6488,15,11,1989,"Vatican A.I.D.S. Meeting Disrupted (Press, 15 November 1989)","On 15 November 1989, the Vatican City held its first conference dedicated to AIDS, which became a contentious platform highlighting the divide between religious moralism and the realities faced by those suffering from the disease. The conference started with significant disturbances, including the eviction of an Irish priest suffering from AIDS, who was removed by security guards for displaying a banner declaring, ""The Church has AIDS."" Father John White spoke to reporters, expressing his frustration at the lack of representation for those living with the condition. The atmosphere at the conference was charged as scientists and AIDS victims confronted what they deemed outdated and insensitive viewpoints perpetuated by religious leaders. Peter Larkin, a 34-year-old patient from London involved with a support group called Catholic AIDS Link, vocally challenged remarks made by Monsignor Carlo Caffarra, a theologian aligned with Pope John Paul II. Caffarra's speech labelled homosexual activity as perverse and dismissed the moral justification for using condoms, even in efforts to prevent the transmission of AIDS. He further criticized government campaigns promoting condom use, alleging they fostered permissiveness and failed to consider the issue of personal responsibility in relation to risky behaviours. Larkin termed Caffarra's stance as ""crazy"" and ""immoral,"" asserting that negligence towards safe sexual practices contributed to unnecessary suffering and death among those afflicted by AIDS. He argued that ignoring the sexual behaviour of individuals was tantamount to denying reality. As the conference continued, Robert Gallo, a key figure in the discovery of the AIDS virus, took issue with remarks made by Cardinal John O’Connor of New York, who had attributed the AIDS crisis to what he described as ""dangerous life-styles."" Cardinal O’Connor urged a return to what he considered more virtuous living, pointing to condoms and clean needles as misguided solutions. Gallo disagreed with the Cardinal’s characterization of these methods, suggesting that the focus should instead be on understanding the broader implications of behaviours associated with the spread of the disease. He pointed out that not everyone subscribes to beliefs that frame discussions around the afterlife. Highlighting the discontent among AIDS advocates, Robert Kunst, director of an AIDS centre in Miami, condemned the conference as a ""sham,"" insisting that genuine discourse would involve the voices of those directly affected by AIDS. The event illuminated a profound disconnect between religious doctrine and the lived experiences of individuals battling AIDS, underscoring a critical need for more inclusive dialogues that reflect the challenges faced by patients and the effectiveness of public health strategies.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891115_2_74_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891115.2.74.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627044400
6489,16,11,1989,"Protest Divides Vatican A.I.D.S. Conference (Press, 16 November 1989)","On 16 November 1989, during the Vatican's first conference focused on AIDS, significant criticism emerged from priests, nuns, and health workers who actively engage with AIDS patients. They expressed disappointment over the conference's failure to include the voices of those directly affected by the disease. Peter Larkin, a Catholic from London living with AIDS, articulated his frustration, stating, “I get a bit tired being told how I feel and how I think and I would prefer if people asked me,” highlighting the need for personal testimony in discussions about the illness. During a lunch break, approximately 80 attendees broke away from the main conference to hold an alternative meeting, which they described as a form of insurrection against the conference leaders. They insisted that Archbishop Fiorenzo Angelini should allow Mr Larkin the opportunity to speak. Previously, Mr Larkin had been silenced by Archbishop Angelini when he opposed a controversial statement made by moral theologian Carlo Caffarra, who has close ties to the Pope. Caffarra had denounced homosexual behaviour as ""perverse"" and rejected the moral validity of using condoms to prevent the spread of AIDS. Additionally, John White, an Irish priest who had been removed from the conference for displaying a banner stating “The Church Has AIDS,” was reinstated the following day after appeals from other participants. A prevailing sentiment among many attendees was the perception that the conference was disproportionately skewed, lacking a balanced approach. Cardinal John O’Connor, a prominent speaker who works with AIDS patients in New York, acknowledged this shortcoming, emphasising the necessity for greater inclusion of AIDS victims and more open dialogue. Robert Kuntz, the director of an AIDS centre in Miami, pointed out the need for the conference to recognise that AIDS could be treated more like other terminal illnesses. He remarked, “There are two diseases, AIDS and the politics of AIDS, and this conference is about the politics of AIDS,” underscoring the disconnect between the clinical realities of living with the illness and the political narratives that often dominate discussions surrounding it. The conference served as a crucial moment, illustrating the tensions between established Church positions and the lived experiences of those affected by AIDS, calling for a shift towards more inclusive and compassionate dialogue.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891116_2_35_2.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891116.2.35.2,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627130800
7589,17,11,1989,"A.i.d.s. Risk Prompts Scheme (Press, 17 November 1989)","On 17 November 1989, a groundbreaking proposal was announced in Auckland, New Zealand, aimed at addressing the health risks associated with intravenous drug use, particularly the threat of A.I.D.S. among drug addicts. The Auckland Drug Information and Outreach (A.D.I.O.) Trust, alongside the Auckland Area Health Board, is planning to provide daily doses of liquid methadone to drug users as a substitute for heroin. This initiative marks a first for New Zealand, and indeed for Australia and Asia, highlighting a proactive approach towards drug addiction and public health. The programme, which is not intended to make users drug-free, focuses on harm reduction among those who are not ready to seek treatment. The initiative has garnered support from the Health Department’s A.I.D.S. task force and the A.I.D.S. Foundation, although extensive consultations are still pending before implementation. Key discussions involving the Justice Department, Social Welfare Department, and various drug-abuse agencies are scheduled for 30 November. Dr. Donna Kippax, the substance abuse director and chairwoman of the A.D.I.O. Trust, emphasised that the initiative aims to safeguard the health of intravenous drug users and to mitigate the spread of A.I.D.S. and other infections to the wider community. She noted that the threat of H.I.V. infection is now a more pressing concern than the issues arising from drug abuse itself. The proposed methadone maintenance programme will be medically supervised and administered by registered nurses. The plans include establishing an Outreach centre in a central location, separate from existing treatment services, to increase accessibility for users. This centre would also feature an after-hours needle and syringe exchange programme, as well as non-compulsory counselling to support users in reducing the risks associated with their drug use. The idea of using methadone as a harm reduction strategy is not new; it has been in practice since 1974 in cities like Amsterdam and Hong Kong, demonstrating its effectiveness in minimising the negative impacts of addiction on both individuals and society. This innovative approach in Auckland reflects a significant shift in public health policy regarding addiction, prioritising user safety and the prevention of H.I.V. transmission within vulnerable populations.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891117_2_42.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891117.2.42,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627217200
6490,17,11,1989,"Backlog Clouds Petitions’ Future (Press, 17 November 1989)","On 17 November 1989, Peter Luke reported from Wellington about a significant increase in anti-abortion petitions being presented in New Zealand's Parliament. The article highlights a contrasting approach to petitioning by different groups on contentious social issues. Opponents of the Homosexual Law Reform have launched a massive petition with hundreds of thousands of signatures, describing their strategy as a ""big bang."" Meanwhile, supporters of Radio Rhema have adopted a ""scatter-gun"" approach, submitting multiple smaller petitions. In a notable development, the anti-Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Amendment Bill camp has seen petitions against the bill swell dramatically, reaching 609 petitions in a short span. This surge has raised concerns about the practicalities of presenting petitions within parliamentary sessions, as the duration for addressing them has extended significantly, prompting Speaker Mr Burke to signal that changes may need to be made to this process. The article provides an insightful look into the ritual of presenting petitions in Parliament, noting that such activities are typically conducted before question time, providing members with a brief interlude. However, the sudden influx of petitions has disrupted this routine, pushing the time allocated for presentations from a few minutes to as much as half an hour. This change threatens to alter the traditional format and efficiency of discussing petitions in the House. Specific instances illustrate the challenges faced during the presentation of these petitions. Opposition spokesman Mr John Banks faced criticism after mistakenly voicing his support for several petitions, which is against parliamentary rules. Members typically must remain neutral and describe the act of presenting a petition with specified phrasing, which adds nuance to the process. Junior Government Whip Mr Trevor Mallard, in a show of diligence and perhaps defiance, personally addressed each of his 43 petitions against the bill. His method sparked debate and even amusement among his colleagues, while drawing ire from the Opposition. The article encapsulates the growing tensions around the contentious C.S.A. Amendment Bill, showcasing the increasingly fervent political climate around issues of personal and societal morality in New Zealand. The scene in Parliament reflects the complexities of democratic engagement and the parliamentary process, as well as the diverse strategies employed by various groups in their fight against or support of legislation affecting reproductive rights.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891117_2_22.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891117.2.22,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627217200
7000,18,11,1989,"In Brief (Press, 18 November 1989)","An 18-year-old woman sustained serious head injuries following a car accident in Carlyle Street, where the vehicle she was a passenger in collided with a pole. An ambulance arrived at the scene around 11 p.m., and she was transported to Christchurch Hospital, though her condition was not disclosed at the time. In Auckland, staff members of the Auckland City Council initiated a strike, walking off the job and leading to the shutdown of several services until Wednesday. The decision to strike came after over 1000 staff rejected an industrial agreement during a stopwork meeting, indicating discontent with the current negotiations. Meanwhile, Christchurch police are on the lookout for suspects involved in the theft of a truck loaded with liquor. The incident occurred at approximately 4.30 p.m. when a Wilson Neill 1985 Toyota Hilux flat-deck truck, filled with dozens of bottles of wine, beer, and spirits, was stolen outside the Shades Tavern. Inspector Chris Cole commented on the absurdity of the potential offenders who took both the vehicle and its valuable load. In another serious incident, a worker aged 59, named Norm Crowe, was critically injured after a high-pressure gas main was punctured while he was working on a trench for Telecom in St Heliers. He suffered extensive burns and was reported to be in a serious condition at Middlemore Hospital the following evening. A burglary at Barrington Park Supervalue in Spreydon resulted in the theft of 87 cartons of cigarettes, valued at $4500. The perpetrators managed to bend security grills on the back door to gain entry, carrying out the burglary in the pre-dawn hours around 2.30 a.m. on Wednesday. Additionally, a report emerged of an assault on a transvestite outside a nightclub in Lyttelton. The victim, a man in his 20s, was attacked and robbed of his handbag at around 2 a.m. Initially, he reported the incident to the police as a rape but later it was clarified as an assault. On a more positive note, a recent history of the police in Canterbury entitled ""Sharing the Challenge"" experienced high demand, selling out just a week after its launch. In total, 750 copies were sold, with another shipment of 1350 copies anticipated to arrive early next month, as confirmed by a police spokesperson.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891118_2_72.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891118.2.72,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627303600
7590,18,11,1989,"N.z. A.i.d.s. Patients Up By 53—report (Press, 18 November 1989)","According to a report from the Medical Research Council’s A.I.D.S. epidemiology group in New Zealand, an additional 53 cases of A.I.D.S. have been reported in the year 1989. This brings the total number of notified cases since January 1984 to 154. Among these, 67 individuals are known to have died from the disease. Notably, only four of the reported cases were female. The average age at diagnosis for these sufferers was 37.5 years. When a doctor diagnoses a patient with A.I.D.S., the local health officer is alerted, and the notification is coded to ensure the individual's identity remains confidential. These coded notifications are subsequently forwarded to the A.I.D.S. epidemiology group for ongoing monitoring and surveillance. The group compiles weekly summaries and provides more detailed reports to the Health Department’s A.I.D.S. taskforce three times each month. The report clarifies that while A.I.D.S. is caused by infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (H.I.V.), the formal diagnosis of A.I.D.S. follows specific international clinical and laboratory criteria. It is important to note that H.I.V. infections themselves are not considered notifiable cases. Furthermore, the data suggests that at least 50 per cent of individuals infected with H.I.V. may not develop A.I.D.S. for up to 10 years post-infection. The information on H.I.V. cases is gathered voluntarily from the three laboratories in New Zealand that conduct H.I.V. testing.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891118_2_77.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891118.2.77,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627303600
7591,21,11,1989,"Constable Cleared Of Teenage Boy’s Death (Press, 21 November 1989)","In a recent ruling, Constable Steve Shadbolt, a 29-year-old police dog handler from Titirangi, was cleared of charges related to the death of 18-year-old Michael Gibson. The incident took place on 1 April 1989 when Shadbolt's police van struck Gibson on Universal Drive, Henderson. Shadbolt had been responding to an incident in Ranui at the time and maintained that he was not driving carelessly. Judge Graham dismissed the careless driving causing death charge, citing medical evidence indicating that Gibson had been drinking and smoking cannabis before he abruptly stepped onto the road in front of the moving van. Gibson's two friends, who were with him at the time, had managed to cross the street safely and reportedly did not notice the police van with its flashing lights. Following the verdict, an emotional Shadbolt expressed his desire to move on from what he described as a ""living hell"" over the past seven months, while also voicing frustration about how the case was handled. He revealed that he was initially told by the Ministry of Transport that he would not be charged, only to have an officer later show up to issue the charge against him. The impact of the case extended beyond Shadbolt, as it also deeply affected his family. He mentioned that a remark from one of Gibson's friends, which suggested that the police van was intentionally driven at Gibson, had devastated his wife. On the other hand, Gibson's mother, Lynn, expressed dissatisfaction with the judge's decision, particularly questioning the claim regarding her son's use of cannabis. Despite her discontent, Mrs Gibson stated that the family had decided not to pursue the issue further for the sake of her other children. The aftermath of the incident also involved Sergeant Jim Boyd, who attempted to resuscitate Gibson at the scene. After learning of Gibson's condition as an H.I.V. positive haemophiliac, Boyd underwent several A.I.D.S. tests which all returned clear results. He shared his initial fears but later found comfort in the low probability of transmission, allowing him to resume his work after a six-month leave to support his wife at the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The case has left a trail of emotional turmoil for all parties involved, highlighting the tragic consequences of such accidents and the complexities surrounding them.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891121_2_151.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891121.2.151,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627562800
7379,21,11,1989,"Parents Told Not To Pass On Bias (Press, 21 November 1989)","On 21 November 1989, Dr Felix Donnelly, a youth counsellor and Catholic priest, published a booklet titled “Teenage Sexuality” which aims to guide parents in addressing sexual issues without imposing their religious biases onto their children. This publication is part of a series of seven parental guides released by the Government Printing Office. Dr Donnelly has faced criticism, particularly from Christian fundamentalists, for his progressive views on sexual matters. In his booklet, he addresses the topic of sexual identity, arguing that the foundations for Christian condemnation of homosexuality lack solid scriptural support. He encourages parents to reject widely held myths about homosexuals and to foster a supportive environment for their children, regardless of their sexual orientation. Dr Donnelly stresses that parents with religious biases should refrain from imposing these beliefs on their children, as doing so can lead to burdensome experiences for the youth. The core message of “Teenage Sexuality” is that sexual expression and understanding are key components of an individual’s development. Dr Donnelly suggests that it is crucial for parents to adopt a positive approach rather than instilling guilt related to sexual issues. He has a notable background, having assisted thousands of children and lecturing in behavioural science at the Auckland Medical School. Meanwhile, Mr John Seymour, the director of publications at the Government Printing Office, noted that the decision to publish the Parent’s Guide series contributes to the release of more than 50 original New Zealand books in that year, indicating a commitment to providing parents with essential resources on various subjects.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891121_2_142.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891121.2.142,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627562800
7592,24,11,1989,"A.i.d.s.-related Claims Top $1.5m. (Press, 24 November 1989)","On 24 November 1989, it was reported that A.I.D.S.-related life insurance claims in New Zealand exceeded $1.5 million over the previous year. Mr Boyd Klap, the chief executive of the Life Offices’ Association, disclosed that there were 50 A.I.D.S.-related claims involving 31 individuals, resulting in total payouts of $1,538,530 by September 30, 1989. The majority of these claimants were men aged between 30 and 40. Mr Klap indicated that the insurance industry recognises A.I.D.S. as an increasing risk. Dr Susan Davison, the projects manager for N.Z.1., contributed to the report by highlighting the difficulties insurance companies face in estimating the impact of rising A.I.D.S. cases. She noted that options for guaranteed insurability may become restricted, often relying on satisfactory A.I.D.S.-related tests and other medical and personal information. Furthermore, she mentioned that exclusions related to A.I.D.S. and H.I.V. might be commonly applied, particularly in types of insurance such as group life, disability, mortgage repayment, and direct-marketed policies. This could lead to a rise in non-guaranteed premium rates. Dr Davison assured that individuals holding existing life insurance policies would continue to be covered even if they were later diagnosed with A.I.D.S. She also pointed out that many insurance companies had begun requiring H.I.V./A.I.D.S. testing as a prerequisite for obtaining specific levels of coverage. However, she cautioned that the capability of people to carry the H.I.V. virus for several years without testing positive for antibodies could diminish the effectiveness of some tests.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891124_2_174.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891124.2.174,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627822000
7457,24,11,1989,"Carrier Passes Virus To 11 Women (Press, 24 November 1989)","A recent study has highlighted a significant risk for middle-class women contracting A.I.D.S. from seemingly ""safe"" heterosexual partners. Researchers from St Pierre University Hospital in Brussels and the Institute of Tropical Medicine in Antwerp reported that an unaware heterosexual man transmitted the virus to 11 women in Belgium, illustrating that infections can occur even with minimal sexual contact. Among the infected women, two had only engaged in intercourse once with the man, raising alarming questions about the perceptions of risk among women who consider themselves safe from A.I.D.S. The study emphasised that many middle-class women mistakenly believe they are not at risk due to a lack of associations with drug use or bisexual partners, or because they do not partake in what might be termed high-risk sexual practices. This false sense of security poses a significant health risk, as the study found that all infected women had few other sexual partners. The researchers highlighted the importance of awareness and education regarding A.I.D.S. transmission, stressing that anyone, regardless of their lifestyle or background, could be a carrier of the virus and pose a risk to their partners. The findings from this research serve as a wake-up call, underscoring the need for increased vigilance and preventative measures among all demographics regarding the transmission of A.I.D.S.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891124_2_69_12.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891124.2.69.12,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627822000
7413,24,11,1989,"In Brief (Press, 24 November 1989)","On 24 November 1989, a 17-month-old baby was admitted to Christchurch Hospital after suffering an assault with a sharp instrument. This incident occurred during a domestic dispute in Aranui, where the child's mother was also a victim of the assault. Police are actively investigating the case and are trying to locate the offender, who is already known to them. In other news, Christchurch ice-cream workers are set to meet to review their options following a deadlock in wage negotiations. Employers proposed a 4.25 per cent increase in wages, while the Ice-Cream Workers' Union initially requested an 8 per cent rise. Union delegate Lesley Deanes indicated that while members did not anticipate achieving the full 8 per cent, they were unwilling to accept the employers' offer. The employers' representative, Paul Weaver, was not available for comment regarding the talks that stalled. Additionally, in a positive community initiative, free sunblock will be available to sunbathers at Sumner Beach on Sunday as part of the annual Melanoma Awareness Week, which begins on Monday. Organised by the Cancer Society, the event will include various activities such as sandcastle competitions, zinc painting, and swimming togs contests, aimed at raising awareness about the dangers of skin cancer. Concerns have arisen over a peeping tom who has been spotted in several Christchurch department stores recently. Described as a European man in his 50s and approximately 177 cm tall, he has been reported looking into fitting rooms occupied by shoppers. Police are also worried about a man observed loitering near Bromley Park. Witnesses have noted him lurking around bushes while watching children play. The man was described as Indian in appearance, of thin build, and driving an early 1970s white Ford Cortina. In a more serious incident, a man in his 40s sustained severe injuries after falling from a third-floor balcony of a flat on Armagh Street, Linwood. The fall occurred at approximately 4.30 a.m., and police reported that the man was intoxicated at the time. He was taken to Christchurch Hospital and later transferred to Burwood, where his condition remains undisclosed. Lastly, a new national organisation called the People Living With Aids Union has been established to provide support and information for individuals living with the virus. This new union will replace the People With Aids Collective, which was initially based in Wellington, and aims to complement existing national and local Aids support groups.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891124_2_55.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891124.2.55,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,627822000
6844,27,11,1989,"Focus On Becoming Visible (Press, 27 November 1989)","Dale Spender, an esteemed Australian feminist known for her impactful work on women’s education, is set to be the keynote speaker at a pivotal women’s conference titled ""Becoming Visible"" in Christchurch from 11 to 14 January 1990. The conference, organised by the New Zealand Educational Institute (N.Z.E.I.), will feature prominent speakers including Rose Pere, who will address the visibility of Maori women, and Mary Anne L’Estrange from Project Waitangi, who will discuss the intersection of the Treaty and women’s education. Other contributors include Joan Paske, who will focus on equity in education, and Ros Noonan, the N.Z.E.I.'s national secretary, who will talk about women's roles within the organisation. A variety of workshops will also be offered covering topics such as self-defence, negotiation skills, and gender issues, among others. In another significant development, the Aid for El Salvador group has launched an emergency appeal to assist victims amid escalating violence in the country. This surge in violence has led to numerous assassinations and widespread destruction, marking a grave crisis in El Salvador's history. The group's spokesman, Trevor Jackson, urges action from the New Zealand government and church to advocate for an end to the violence. Donations are being requested to support medical supplies and assist in pushing for a negotiated peace. In education, Isobel Powley recently returned from a year of teaching at the Sandan Bailie School in rural north-west China, a school founded by New Zealander Rewi Alley that promotes co-operation and community service. Isobel will share her experiences at a gala dinner for the New Zealand/China Friendship Society on 29 November 1989. The cycling community is active with a week-long promotion to encourage cycling, beginning with a ride along the Avon River and including various panel discussions about cycling-related topics. Moreover, a guided Bikeaway tour is scheduled for 30 November. The upcoming weekend also features various community events including a lesbian and gay fair, a fundraising dance, and an indoor picnic for people with Alzheimer’s disease at The Princess Margaret Day Hospital. Additionally, the Durham Street Methodist Church is set to undergo renovations to enhance its exterior and landscaping. Several meetings are planned for community engagement, including discussions on asthma action plans hosted by Dr Christopher Drennan and a public meeting to form a management plan for Mairehau Kindergarten. Overall, this news showcases a vibrant array of community initiatives, educational opportunities, and social justice efforts in Christchurch as various groups work towards inclusivity, awareness, and support for different sectors of society.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891127_2_76_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891127.2.76.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628081200
6491,28,11,1989,"A.I.D.S. (Press, 28 November 1989)","In a letter published on 28 November 1989, Varian J. Wilson expresses concern over the public's understanding of AIDS prevention, responding to a headline stating that knowledge about AIDS prevention is high. While 94 per cent of respondents claimed to know about condoms and their protective qualities, Wilson highlights a stark contrast in behaviour, with only 6 per cent using them consistently and 4 per cent often. He notes that 71 per cent of people are aware that anyone can contract AIDS, which he believes reflects incorrect notions surrounding the disease being tied primarily to the homosexual community. Wilson points out that, in New Zealand, the vast majority of AIDS cases have been among homosexuals who contracted the illness overseas, emphasising the need to confront the realities of this situation rather than perpetuating misleading narratives. He mentions that, to date, only four women in New Zealand have been reported as AIDS positive, three of whom were infected through contaminated blood. The letter underscores a feeling of frustration regarding the government’s approach to HIV prevention. Wilson argues that measures to intercept HIV carriers and individuals most at risk from entering the country would be effective in controlling the spread of infections. However, he criticises the Minister of Health for not adopting the preventive strategies that many other nations have chosen, favouring prevention over costly healthcare responses to the epidemic.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891128_2_90_9.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891128.2.90.9,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628167600
6492,29,11,1989,"A.I.D.S. Conference (Press, 29 November 1989)","On 29 November 1989, over 600 scientists, government officials, and health experts convened in Paris for the inaugural international conference focused on the impact of AIDS on mothers and children. Mr Jonathan Mann, the director of the World Health Organisation’s global programme on AIDS, commended the efforts of the homosexual community in combating the disease. He highlighted the importance of public health care to embody the solidarity demonstrated by the homosexual community in their fight against AIDS.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891129_2_165_18.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891129.2.165.18,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628254000
7152,30,11,1989,"Dallas Judge Rebuked For Anti-gay Remarks (Press, 30 November 1989)","On 30 November 1989, a Dallas judge, Jack Hampton, faced censure from the State Commission on Judicial Conduct for making controversial remarks regarding a murder case. The judge admitted to giving a lighter sentence to Richard Lee Bednarski, convicted of killing two men, partly because the victims were homosexuals. Judge Hampton stated that the victims would not have been murdered had they not been engaging in what he described as inappropriate behaviour. His comments included derogatory language towards the victims, which sparked public outrage and drew criticism for undermining the integrity of the judiciary. The Commission's order highlighted that Judge Hampton's statements violated the Judicial Code, which requires judges to refrain from public commentary on ongoing cases and to foster public confidence in the justice system. The censure emphasized that the judge's remarks eroded trust in the judicial process and contributed to a climate of hostility and distrust. The situation reflected broader societal attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community at the time, showcasing the challenges faced within the legal framework concerning issues of bias and discrimination. Overall, the incident raised significant concerns about judicial impartiality and the responsibilities of judges to uphold the dignity of the law.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891130_2_69_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891130.2.69.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628340400
7506,30,11,1989,"In Brief (Press, 30 November 1989)","The news from 30 November 1989 highlights several incidents and events occurring in New Zealand. Police are on the lookout for a man who attempted to coax a woman into his vehicle while she was walking to work on Ferry Road at 7.50 a.m. The man is described as European, in his mid-40s, wearing dungarees and driving a late 1960s red Austin. In Waltham, Wayne Timms Motor Corporation reported a theft of stereo equipment valued at $3,800, along with a camera worth $600 and $2,000 in cash, which was taken from a cash box. Police are pursuing leads in this case. A 15-year-old schoolgirl disturbed a burglar at her home in Fendalton around 10 a.m. when she heard noises. She called the police, prompting a patrol response, but the suspect, a Māori man in his 20s dressed in a green coat and black trousers, managed to escape over a fence. It is suspected that another individual may have been involved. In observance of World AIDs Day, an event is planned in Cathedral Square featuring the launch of 500 balloons to represent the 10 million people with the disease globally. The focus of this year's activities will be on youth, particularly gay youth, with “safe sex packs” and information about AIDs being distributed. Minister of Transport, Mr Jeffries, and National MP Mr Rob Storey, flew to Antarctica for an official visit, which was postponed due to bad weather. They were to attend memorial services for victims of the Mount Erebus crash, which occurred ten years prior. A service and wreath-laying ceremony took place at Scott Base earlier in the week. In Auckland, police are dealing with a 15-year-old prostitute who has been siphoning money through credit cards and cheques from her clients. Senior-Sergeant Graham Bell indicated the police have a list of individuals who have engaged with the minor and will be reaching out to them, as some may face prosecution. In tragic news, a 16-year-old pedestrian named Dwayne Michael Pike died after being struck by a van in Sockburn. He was hit on Main South Road and was admitted to Christchurch Hospital's intensive-care unit but succumbed to his injuries later that evening. Witnesses are sought for further details. In terms of infrastructure, petrol tankers will periodically close the Lyttelton Tunnel for about eight minutes until improvements are made to the Woolston fuel station, with closures limited to off-peak times until 13 December. Finally, police will lift cordons at Mount Maunganui today, allowing public access to walking tracks for the first time in a week following an intensive investigation into the death of an English tourist, Monica Cantwell, whose body was discovered on the mount. Detective Inspector Colin Lines confirmed that significant evidence was collected during the search.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891130_2_58.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891130.2.58,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628340400
6845,01,12,1989,"Youth Council Backs Condom Handouts (Press, 1 December 1989)","On 1 December 1989, plans were announced by the A.I.D.S. Foundation to distribute free condoms to young people in Christchurch, coinciding with World A.I.D.S. Day. The initiative received backing from the National Youth Council, despite existing legislation that prohibits the supply of contraceptives to individuals under 16. Volunteers from the gay and lesbian youth group, Crosses and Arrows, funded by Lottery Youth, were set to hand out up to 1800 condoms at Cathedral Square as part of a safe sex education campaign. James Nihoniho, a spokesperson for the National Youth Council, expressed support for the Foundation's efforts, emphasising the need for adequate information on safe sex among young people, especially in light of rising H.I.V. and A.I.D.S. cases in younger demographics. Nihoniho acknowledged that while distributing condoms is not a complete solution for changing attitudes toward safe sex, it plays a vital role in providing education and resources. The council also promoted the idea of “giving a condom for Christmas” to further encourage safe sex practices. Youth worker Paddy McCabe noted that the volunteers were aware of the legal implications and potential backlash from some community members regarding the distribution of condoms. He stressed that the campaign focused on advocating for safe sex as part of disease prevention rather than solely contraception. Dr Mel Brieseman, head of community health for the Canterbury Area Health Board, acknowledged the intention behind the A.I.D.S. Foundation's campaign but expressed reservations about its effectiveness. He recognised that while the use of condoms could potentially reduce the risk of A.I.D.S., simply distributing them may not lead to changes in sexual behaviour. Dr Brieseman pointed out that legislation poses a barrier to accessing education on safe sex, and that while distributing condoms is a step forward, it does not guarantee usage. He underscored the importance of education in combination with any distribution efforts. The safe sex packs handed out during the campaign would also include literature stating that only abstinence can prevent pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, a viewpoint mirrored by New Zealand's Catholic bishops. The overarching goal of the campaign was to advocate for informed choices and promote safe practices among the youth.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891201_2_65.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891201.2.65,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628426800
6544,06,12,1989,"Transsexual Admits Crimes (Press, 6 December 1989)","On 6 December 1989, Simone Lyndon Rothschild, a transsexual individual who was previously deported from Australia, faced legal repercussions for a series of crimes committed while on parole from Paparua Prison in Christchurch. At 34 years old, Rothschild, born Simon Valpy Pike, appeared in the District Court at Auckland where she pleaded guilty to multiple charges including two burglaries, theft of three vehicles, obtaining credit through fraud, and possession of stolen furniture. However, she denied the charge of escaping from prison. The prosecutor, Detective Sergeant Greg Farrant, detailed Rothschild's criminal activity which occurred after her release on parole on 25 July. During her time on leave, she committed two burglaries, where she stole and subsequently sold stolen furniture valued at approximately $1,700. Additionally, she stole a Mazda RX7 worth $23,000 and a Toyota Corona valued at $12,000. In a separate incident on 23 October, Rothschild checked into a Ponsonby hotel where, over a three-day stay, she took car keys for a 1976 Honda Civic from the hotel kitchen and left without settling her hotel bill. Rothschild was later discovered by police on 1 November in the stolen Honda Civic, claiming the car had been lent to her. During her court appearance, she stated that her motivation for committing the crimes was survival. Rothschild had previously gained media attention when an Adelaide magistrate declined to return her to a men's prison, leading to her deportation to New Zealand in May 1989 to address 19 charges of dishonesty. Following her guilty pleas, Judge Nicholson ordered her to be held in custody until her sentencing scheduled for 11 December.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891206_2_123_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891206.2.123.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628858800
7507,07,12,1989,"Abortion Bill (Press, 7 December 1989)","In a letter dated 7 December 1989, K. Orr expresses concern regarding the implications of providing condoms to children under 16. Orr references a warning from a United States Public Health Service taskforce led by Surgeon-General C. Everett Koop, which indicated that the A.I.D.S. virus can penetrate latex condoms. The letter asserts that such measures could potentially increase the risk of A.I.D.S. and other sexually transmitted diseases among youth. Orr argues that contraception might lead to a rise in abortions, citing data from the Abortion Supervisory Committee that shows no increase in the abortion rates for girls under 16 from 1985 to 1989, with a total of 207 abortions in 1988. However, for women over 16, there was a significant rise—over 40 per cent—in abortion numbers, reaching a total of 9,837. The author concludes that the only truly safe sex is abstinence until marriage, promoting chastity as the best protection for the spiritual, emotional, and physical health of children. Orr describes the proposed legislation as a form of dictatorship by Parliament that undermines the rights of concerned parents.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891207_2_82_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891207.2.82.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,628945200
7593,08,12,1989,"In Brief (Press, 8 December 1989)","On 8 December 1989, an Auckland woman was found to have fabricated a story about being abducted, which led to a significant police investigation. She had reported that she was taken by men with Australian accents who demanded information about the Mongrel Mob. After being found bound and gagged, she admitted it was a hoax and would not face any charges, although she would receive counselling. In other news, Skope Industries, based in Christchurch, announced efforts to reduce the use of ozone-depleting substances in its refrigeration products. The company’s latest models now use insulation foam containing 50 per cent less chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gas. General manager Alan Dalton mentioned future plans to develop cabinets enabling the removal and recycling of CFC gas to recharge the refrigerators, which would be available in the coming months. In a forest fire prevention initiative, the Forest Owners’ Association is launching a campaign featuring Gary McCormick, who will be seen hugging trees in promotional posters. The campaign aims to raise awareness about fire prevention with messages encouraging the public to consider small details that can prevent fires and to report any suspicious fires immediately. Minister of Social Welfare Michael Cullen and East Cape MP Anne Collins were reported to be honeymooning in the South Island after their marriage the previous Saturday. The couple was enjoying their stay in Milford Sound and planned to return to Queenstown for another night. In political developments, Len Richards, a teacher from Nga Tapuwae College, announced his candidacy for the Mangere seat in the upcoming General Election, representing the New Labour Party. The seat was previously held by former Prime Minister David Lange, who won it by a significant margin in 1987. An unfortunate incident involved an Australian tourist who had her handbag stolen during a burglary in Fendalton. The bag contained a passport, cash, credit cards, and airline tickets, all belonging to Susan Gardner. A 35-year-old woman who had threatened Deputy Prime Minister Helen Clark was returned to Sunnyside Hospital after walking out the day after she had been committed. The police located her in Bromley, following her threats made to Clark’s office. Meanwhile, the recount of votes in the Burwood ward of Christchurch City Council was underway, prompted by the request from Labour candidate Arthur Adcock for a recount of the close results, where current councillor Mike Stevens holds a narrow lead of just two votes. In health-related news, the New Zealand A.I.D.S. Foundation is establishing a trust fund in Canterbury to support individuals living with H.I.V. or A.I.D.S. Funds raised will go towards necessary treatments and supplements not always available locally. The fundraising initiative will kick off with an event at The Groove nightclub, with the goal of raising $2,000. Lastly, Alpine Kiwi Corporation, Ltd, a horticultural exporter from Christchurch known for exporting fruit and vegetables, was placed in receivership by the Bank of New Zealand, marking a significant turn for the business which had been in operation for roughly a decade and a leading exporter of buttercup squash to Japan. The bank has appointed receivers but has not disclosed any further commentary on the situation.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891208_2_61.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891208.2.61,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,629031600
7703,08,12,1989,"Sunday Shopping (Press, 8 December 1989)","In a letter to the editor published on 8 December 1989, L. R. Burgess expresses concern over the direction New Zealand society seems to be taking. Responding to a headline about the opening of shops on Sundays, Burgess argues that this change is indicative of a broader decline in moral standards within the country. He notes that while shops may be opening, places like hospitals and churches are becoming less significant in public life. Burgess criticises the government for allowing social changes that he believes threaten the moral fabric of society, pointing specifically to issues like abortion, sodomy, and the promotion of gambling. He laments what he perceives as an overemphasis on sport and horse racing, particularly on Sundays, and claims this shift disrupts family life and is not desired by the majority of New Zealanders. He advocates for the government to stop catering to special interest groups and to acknowledge the consequences of its actions, which he argues include rising crime rates. Burgess questions whether there is a constitutional mechanism to hold the government accountable before the next general election, suggesting that waiting another year for an opportunity to effect change is too long.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891208_2_73_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891208.2.73.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,629031600
7594,18,12,1989,"‘Goals Missing’ On Health Charter (Press, 18 December 1989)","On 18 December 1989, concerns were raised by some community health groups regarding the New Zealand Government's new health strategy, which did not incorporate targets for mental health and A.I.D.S. prevention. Professor Andrew Hornblow, president of the Public Health Association, expressed support for the new health charter but emphasised the necessity for actionable goals to enhance mental health services. He highlighted alarming statistics indicating that many New Zealanders, particularly teenagers, were facing health challenges. For instance, one in three teenagers smoked, one in three males encountered significant alcohol problems at some point, and one in three individuals experienced psychiatric disorders over their lifetime. Additionally, he underscored the concerning reality that a teenage peer might succumb to severe injury or death from a motor vehicle accident within five years of leaving school. The A.I.D.S. Foundation, represented by director Warren Lindberg, shared similar sentiments, stressing the ongoing challenge to manage the spread of A.I.D.S. and H.I.V. infections. Lindberg acknowledged that A.I.D.S. might have been prioritised in the strategy if not for the foundation's successful preventative efforts. He saw value in the health charter’s principles of health promotion, which focussed on individual dignity, equitable access, community involvement, and addressing the health needs of minorities. The charter, unveiled by Health Minister Ms. Clark, outlined ten key priorities, which included reducing smoking and alcohol misuse, addressing motor vehicle accidents, and tackling health issues like high blood pressure, hearing loss, asthma deaths, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, and skin cancer while also promoting better nutrition. Ms. Clark explained that these priorities were determined based on the significant causes of mortality, morbidity, and disability affecting the largest segments of the population, with potential for measurable improvements. However, several critical health issues were left out from the initial goals, including mental health, A.I.D.S., sexually transmitted infections, cot death, breast cancer, and other cancers, due to insufficient data and incomplete research. While lung cancer was addressed within the context of tobacco-related health issues, Ms. Clark stated that the priority list was not exhaustive, indicating that health boards would need to consistently reassess their focus in response to emerging health needs.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891218_2_40.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891218.2.40,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,629895600
6846,18,12,1989,"Gay ‘parent’ Denied Joint Custody (Press, 18 December 1989)","On 18 December 1989, a court in Los Angeles ruled against Terri Sabol, a lesbian seeking joint custody and visitation rights for a girl born through artificial insemination. The sperm used in the procedure was donated by Sabol's brother. Despite her claim to parental rights and her offer to provide child support, Superior Court Judge Dana Henry stated that the case was unprecedented and highlighted the need for legislative review of existing laws regarding parental rights for non-biological and non-adoptive parents. Sabol, 33, who owns a hair salon in Long Beach, expressed her shock at the ruling and indicated plans to appeal. Her attorney, Gloria Allred, argued for the recognition of parental rights for gay and lesbian individuals, asserting that Sabol had acted as a parent to the child since the decision to conceive was made in March 1985 with her partner, who carried the baby. Allred noted that Sabol had taken a supportive role during the pregnancy and had fulfilled parental responsibilities until the couple's relationship ended in July 1988. The case was heard in a non-jury trial, typically conducted privately when determining parental rights, but Judge Henry's decision was announced in open court. Sabol's case focused on the need for recognition of the emotional bond that can exist between a child and someone fulfilling the role of a parent, even in cases where biological or adoptive ties are absent. However, Judge Henry concluded that Sabol had not demonstrated such a bond existed in her case, leading to his decision against her.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891218_2_54_8.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891218.2.54.8,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,629895600
6493,18,12,1989,"Most Sportswomen ‘have Lesbian Tendencies’ (Press, 18 December 1989)","A West German social scientist, Birgit Palzkill, has made controversial claims in her forthcoming doctoral thesis, due to be published in February 1990, suggesting that a staggering 90 per cent of sportswomen have homosexual tendencies, particularly in competitive sports such as football, handball, and tennis. Palzkill's investigation into the sexuality of sportswomen is based on interviews with 19 lesbian athletes, leading her to conclude that many of these women struggle with their femininity due to societal stereotypes which dictate that women should be small, gentle, and pretty. The sociologist argues that these perceived norms are challenged when girls engage in competitive sports, which often require traits deemed traditionally masculine, such as strength and competitiveness. This conflict can lead young women to reject these stereotypes early in childhood, particularly by avoiding dolls and instead embracing sports. However, Palzkill argues that the onset of puberty exacerbates this conflict, causing social pressures and ridicule from peers, making some young women feel different. According to her findings, many women in sports feel that they can only be accepted by displaying masculine traits, leading to a potentially damaging duality in their identities. Palzkill notes that while some women abandon sports altogether to resolve this conflict, others continue and may present a tough, asexual front. She posits that this internal struggle can lead not only to forming a stable sense of identity but may also result in personality issues and increased reliance on sports as a coping mechanism. In response to Palzkill’s remarks, several prominent West German athletes have dismissed her claims. Kira Berger, captain of the national ice hockey team, asserted that there is no greater incidence of lesbianism in her team than in the general population. Tennis star Sylvia Hanika labelled the findings as “ridiculous” and rejected the assertion that 90 per cent of tennis players are homosexual. Palzkill recounts the experiences of the athletes she interviewed, indicating that their understanding of femininity evolved significantly after they decided to live openly as lesbians. Nonetheless, she underscores that this choice often comes with significant social consequences. One example she cites is an unnamed athlete who was expelled from a national team following allegations of attempting to seduce a team-mate, highlighting the potential risks faced by sportswomen who challenge societal norms regarding gender and sexuality. Overall, Palzkill's thesis sparks debate about the intersection of sport, gender identity, and sexual orientation, as well as the societal expectations placed on women in competitive environments.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891218_2_35.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891218.2.35,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,629895600
6494,19,12,1989,"In Brief (Press, 19 December 1989)","On 19 December 1989, a tragic incident occurred at a Christmas event near Whakatane, resulting in the death of a four-year-old boy named Daniel James Hurren. Daniel was part of a crowd gathered to welcome Santa Claus at the Marae Totara Reserve in Ohope when he fell under a fire engine that was transporting Santa, leading to a fatal accident, as confirmed by a Whakatane police spokesman. In other news, paid surf lifeguards began their patrol on Christchurch beaches as the summer season commenced. On their first day, conditions were noted to be wet and cold, deterring beachgoers, with only a few people seen walking dogs, and no one entering the water. A total of twenty lifeguards will monitor ten designated beaches, including Taylors Mistake and Sumner, daily from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. during the school holidays. Meanwhile, in health-related news, Mr David Verrail, A.I.D.S. Foundation regional co-ordinator from Dunedin, received a Nuffield British Council travelling bursary. He intends to spend three months in Britain investigating the impact of A.I.D.S. within the homosexual community and among intravenous drug users. His study will also look into support services available for A.I.D.S. patients and those living with the virus. In the political arena, Dr. Mr Tapsell, the Minister of Sports and Eastern Maori MP, declared his intention to seek re-election in the upcoming year. Since entering Parliament in 1981, he secured a significant majority of 8,696 votes in the last election. This announcement comes at a time when five Cabinet ministers have already made known their plans to retire, including the Minister of Police, the Minister of State-Owned Enterprises, the Minister of Defence, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and the Minister of Agriculture. Lastly, a former Hamilton resident, Bernard Cedric Mitchem, age 47, awaits extradition from Melbourne to New Zealand to face multiple sex-related charges. He has been remanded in custody for 15 days while arrangements for his extradition are made. The charges include sexual violation and indecent assault, both stemming from incidents that occurred in Hamilton between 1983 and 1987.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891219_2_45.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891219.2.45,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,629982000
6999,19,12,1989,"Man Robbed And Bitten In Attack (Press, 19 December 1989)","On 19 December 1989, an incident in Auckland's Karangahape Road led to a court case involving a robbery and assault. A man picked up a transvestite for sex and agreed on a fee of $40. The agreement took place around 10 a.m. last Thursday, after which the man drove the transvestite to a flat in Mount Eden. This flat was also occupied by a 24-year-old woman and a 19-year-old unemployed scaffolder named Manu Carlos Harmer. During the encounter, after the man undressed, the transvestite went through his clothing and seized his keys, implying a search of his car for money. When the victim protested, a commotion ensued which alerted Harmer and the woman to the situation. According to police prosecutor Sergeant Bill Richards, the woman assaulted the victim by punching him and demanding money. The transvestite, meanwhile, searched the victim's car and struck him with a stiletto shoe while continuing to demand cash. The situation escalated further, with Harmer restraining the victim by the throat while the woman scratched at his eyes, bit his arm, and made threats, including saying she would use a hammer to knock out his teeth. Harmer later pleaded guilty to charges of assault, unlawful interference with a car, and theft. Two other individuals involved in the incident, Vhana Stephens and Helen Hohaia, aged 20 and 24 respectively, did not enter pleas related to the charges against them and were remanded to appear in court again on 22 January 1990. Judge Robert Kerr convicted Harmer and remanded him in custody for sentencing, which was set to occur on the following Friday.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891219_2_94_7.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891219.2.94.7,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,629982000
7074,20,12,1989,"A Locked-down Life (Press, 20 December 1989)","Greg Newbold, a sociology lecturer at the University of Canterbury, critiques the film ""Ghosts of the Civil Dead,"" which is about a futuristic Australian prison. Set to open on 22 December 1989, the film offers a promising exploration of prison life but falls short in its realism. Newbold, who has over five years of experience in various New Zealand prisons and has authored two books on the subject, draws parallels between the film's setting and actual prison experiences. He begins with a historical perspective by referencing the closure of Alcatraz in 1963 and the subsequent establishment of Marion, Illinois, a high-security prison known for its strict control measures, such as closed-circuit television and heavily secured units. As prison design progressed throughout the 1960s, there was a shift from punitive measures towards more rehabilitative approaches. New Zealand monitored these developments closely, leading to the opening of Paremoremo Prison in 1968, which mirrored Marion's design. However, both institutions eventually faced issues of violence and rising gang activity, resulting in lockdowns and increasingly severe restrictions on inmates. Newbold points out that while ""Ghosts of the Civil Dead"" was marketed as a significant cinematic portrayal of prison life, it fails to capture the essence of real prisons, particularly in its portrayal of inmate dynamics and authenticity. The film depicts Central Industrial Prison, a super-maximum facility, through advanced design resembling a luxury motel, but Newbold criticises its portrayal of characters and interactions within this environment. The protagonist, Wenzil, does not fit the hardened profiles typical of those occupying such institutions. He appears inexperienced and naïve, failing to accurately reflect the hardened realities of prison life. Newbold notes significant flaws in character development and interactions, suggesting it lacks the tight, controlled social environment characteristic of prisons. Many scenes seem unrelated and fail to build a cohesive storyline, leading the viewer to a vague and unfocused narrative. Various moments that could evoke powerful imagery instead feel disconnected and superficial. In conclusion, while the film received acclaim from some critics, Newbold argues that it does not provide an authentic representation of prison life and ultimately serves as a misguided portrayal by filmmakers who lack a grounded understanding of the realities of incarceration. He recommends that viewers might prefer to create their own narratives rather than rely on the unrealistic depiction of ""Ghosts of the Civil Dead.""",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891220_2_96_1.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891220.2.96.1,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,630068400
6495,20,12,1989,"Two Jailed For Robbery, Taking Car (Press, 20 December 1989)","On 20 December 1989, the High Court sentenced two men for their involvement in a violent robbery that took place in June of the same year. Justice Holland called the men's actions ""needless violence"" as he addressed Michael Shayne Uren, 20, and Reuben Rangi Parish, 17, who both admitted to robbing Geoffrey Roy Barker and unlawfully taking his rental car. Uren received a prison sentence of 12 months for robbery and three months for unlawfully taking a car, while Parish was sentenced to six months for assault and three months for unlawfully getting into the car, with the sentences running concurrently. During the sentencing, Mr Mervyn Glue, representing Uren, argued that Uren was a young man with little means and had been in a vulnerable situation when he and Barker, who was older and more established, had been drinking together throughout the day. Uren stated that the assault arose from what he claimed was an indecent situation with Barker, insisting there was never any homosexual relationship between them during their two-week acquaintance. The trial revealed inconsistencies in Barker's statements regarding the incident, as he had left the country after the event. Uren's legal team considered the attack to be unplanned, suggesting that Barker was attempting to take advantage of Uren, leading to the altercation. Mr Mark Callaghan, representing Parish, argued that his client had been intoxicated after being heavily influenced by Barker, whom he had only met that night. The court learned that Parish's involvement in the assault was limited, primarily consisting of placing his foot on Barker's head while Uren searched his pockets. Justice Holland acknowledged that there was indeed an indecent incident between Barker and Uren. He emphasised the broader issue of violence in society, remarking that it was unacceptable for homosexuals to be assaulted. He condemned Uren's actions as particularly concerning since Barker was left in a vulnerable, isolated situation in the middle of winter following the incident. The judge noted that Parish, despite his young age and being a father, had a troubling record, which necessitated a prison sentence to teach him that such violence was intolerable. Overall, the court underscored the seriousness of the offences and the necessity of appropriate sentencing to address violent behaviour within the community.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891220_2_102_11.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891220.2.102.11,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,630068400
7595,21,12,1989,"A.i.d.s. Virus In Computers (Press, 21 December 1989)","On 21 December 1989, police reported that a blackmail gang responsible for distributing the A.I.D.S. computer virus in Britain had expanded its operations globally, impacting users in countries such as Australia and South Africa. The alarming situation arose when thousands of computer users reached out to Scotland Yard’s Computer Crimes Unit for guidance after receiving the malicious disks. Investigations revealed that the disks had primarily been mailed from four areas in London: Victoria, Chelsea, South Kensington, and Oxford Street. Detectives suspected an individual identifying himself as E. Katema, who resides at an address on New Bond Street, was behind the distribution of approximately 20,000 disks targeted at hospitals, banks, commercial institutions, and private individuals. The disks were disguised as ""A.I.D.S. Information Introductory Diskette"" and came with a letter demanding payment of £238 (about $845) sent to a post office box in Panama. They were presented as questionnaires designed to help users evaluate their risk of contracting A.I.D.S., but instead, they infiltrated users' systems with a dangerous computer virus capable of causing extensive damage to stored data. The disks contained a warning indicating that failure to pay the demanded sum would result in the blackmailers remotely activating the virus each time the user attempted to reprogramme their computer. Scotland Yard officials advised users to refrain from using these disks to mitigate potential damage. Detectives were actively collaborating with Panamanian authorities to trace the ownership of the post office box involved and the funds deposited there. While there were unfounded claims suggesting that the police were investigating the possibility that an H.I.V. victim was responsible for the scheme, these theories had not been confirmed. The situation highlighted the serious implications of such cybercrime and the urgent need for users to protect their systems from malicious software.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891221_2_101.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891221.2.101,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,630154800
6496,23,12,1989,"The Flavour Of 1986 (Press, 23 December 1989)","""A Message from Harpo,"" a novel by Marilyn Duckworth published in 1989, is set during the significant year of 1986, which saw the disappointing appearance of Halley's Comet and the fierce debate surrounding the Homosexual Law Reform Bill in New Zealand. The story centres on Jess, a woman in her forties, who navigates a tumultuous life as a real estate agent. She grapples with a complicated family dynamic that includes a challenging daughter, a distracted husband, an intrusive ex-husband, and a mother suffering from Alzheimer's Disease. The novel showcases Duckworth’s talent for creating a rich tapestry of characters with complex relationships. Jess's circle includes both fully realised characters and those briefly mentioned, all of whom reflect their own changes over the year. The narrative captures the personal turmoil associated with the wider societal changes prompted by the political climate of the time, giving readers insight into the struggles faced by individuals amidst national debates. Despite its title suggesting a central message, the reviewer, Margaret Quigley, points out that the novel lacks a cohesive theme or unifying vision. Instead, it serves as a snapshot of life in 1986, portraying the confusion and turmoil that resonated throughout the populace. Quigley observes that Jess's life is marked by her efforts to balance the conflicting demands placed upon her by family and society. Duckworth's writing is noted for its ability to encapsulate the zeitgeist of a particular moment in New Zealand's history, making the novel feel like a time capsule of a turbulent year. The absence of a clear message becomes a reflection of the disarray and uncertainty many experienced during that period of significant change. Overall, ""A Message from Harpo"" offers a compelling exploration of personal and societal complexities, even if it does not convey a specific message to the reader.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891223_2_112_10.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891223.2.112.10,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,630327600
7458,28,12,1989,"Witchcraft Claim At Catholic Boys’ School (Press, 28 December 1989)","A controversy has emerged within Auckland’s Catholic community concerning an upcoming course titled ""Creation Spirituality"" at Hato Petera College, a Catholic Maori boys’ boarding school. Scheduled to commence on 2 January 1990, the six-day course is set to be led by Father Matthew Fox, a Californian priest known for his unconventional views, alongside Buddhist scholar Joanna Macy. Critics have expressed concerns that the course promotes elements of black magic and devil worship, with a pamphlet circulating in Auckland labelling Father Fox as “The Great Light-Bearer, the Starhawk Master of Creative Witchcraft Spirituality.” The pamphlet also claims that attendees will hear Ms Macy speaking as her ""angel reptile"" and states that it is a misconception that engaging with witchcraft would result in death. It further encourages participants to abandon the concept of a traditional creator god, suggesting instead an exploration of a ""bisexual birthing Godde."" The course is expected to attract around 140 guests, including priests and nuns, leading to heightened tensions within the community. Brother Stephen, a boarding master at Hato Petera College, mentioned that the school has received several threatening calls from concerned members of the Auckland Catholic congregation regarding the course's content. He dismissed the allegations of witchcraft as unfounded and speculated that the pamphlet could be a prank. However, he did indicate uncertainty about what would happen if witchcraft were indeed included in the course, noting, “It’s not a big deal.” He explained that ""Creation Spirituality"" aims to explore the nature of God through dance and movement rather than through traditional doctrines.",,https://www.pridenz.com/paperspast_chp19891228_2_17.html,"Papers Past",https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19891228.2.17,"The Press","CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ",https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz,630759600